1
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Junqueira TP, Araújo DF, Jeong H, Guatame-Garcia A, Pascoe T, Harrison AL, Leybourne MI, Smol JP, Vriens B. Spatiotemporal and multi-isotope assessment of metal sedimentation in the Great Lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 253:119176. [PMID: 38768887 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates spatiotemporal dynamics in metal sedimentation in the North American Great Lakes and their underlying biogeochemical controls. Bulk geochemical and isotope analyses of n = 72 surface and core sediment samples show that metal (Cu, Zn, Pb) concentrations and their isotopic compositions vary spatially across oligotrophic to mesotrophic settings, with intra-lake heterogeneity being similar or higher than inter-lake (basin-scale) variability. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Pb in sediments from Lake Huron and Lake Erie vary from 5 to 73 mg/kg, 18-580 mg/kg, and 5-168 mg/kg, respectively, but metal enrichment factors were small (<2) across the surface- and core sediments. The isotopic signatures of surface sediment Cu (δ65Cu between -1.19‰ and +0.96‰), Zn (δ66Zn between -0.09‰ and +0.41‰) and Pb (206/207Pb from 1.200 to 1.263) indicate predominantly lithogenic metal sourcing. In addition, temporal trends in sediment cores from Lake Huron and Lake Erie show uniform metal concentrations, minor enrichment, and Zn and Pb isotopic signatures suggestive of negligible in-lake biogeochemical fractionation. In contrast, Cu isotopic signatures and correlation to chlorophyll and macronutrient levels suggest more differentiation from source variability and/or redox-dependent fractionation, likely related to biological scavenging. Our results are used to derive baseline metal sedimentation fluxes and will help optimize water quality management and strategies for reducing metal loads and enrichment in the Great Lakes and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassiane P Junqueira
- Department of Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Hyeryeong Jeong
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Adriana Guatame-Garcia
- Department of Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tim Pascoe
- Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna L Harrison
- Geoscience Environment Toulouse, National Scientific Research Centre (CNRS), Toulouse, France; Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthew I Leybourne
- Department of Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - John P Smol
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bas Vriens
- Department of Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Wang J, Hu H, Lin K, Wei X, Beiyuan J, Xiong X, Wan Y, Deng P, Wu H, Kang M, Liu J, Dong X. Pb isotopic fingerprinting of uranium pollution: New insight on uranium transport in stream-river sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134417. [PMID: 38691992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Uranium mill tailings (UMT) present a significant environmental concern due to high levels of radioactive and toxic elements, including uranium (U), thorium (Th), and lead (Pb), which can pose serious health risks to aquatic ecosystems. While Pb isotopic tracers have been widely utilized in environmental studies to identify elemental sources and geological processes, their application in U geochemistry remains relatively limited. In this study, we investigate the distribution and migration of U in stream-river sediments surrounding a decommissioned U hydrometallurgical area, employing Pb isotopes as tracers. Our findings reveal significant enrichment and ecological risk of U, Pb, and Th in the sediments. Uranium predominantly associates with quartz and silicate minerals, and its dispersion process is influenced by continuous leaching and precipitation cycles of typical U-bearing minerals. Furthermore, we establish a compelling positive relationship (r2 = 0.97) between 208Pb/207Pb and 206Pb/207Pb in the stream-river sediments and sediment derived from UMT. Application of a binary Pb mixing model indicates that anthropogenic hydrometallurgical activities contribute to 2.5-62.7% of the stream-river sediments. Notably, these values are lower than the 6.6-89.6% recorded about 10 years ago, prior to the decommissioning of the U hydrometallurgical activity. Our results underscore the continued risk of U pollution dispersion even after decommission, highlighting the long-term environmental impact of UMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyao Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Earth Observatory of Singapore and Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xudong Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingzi Beiyuan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinni Xiong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuebing Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanyu Wu
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Mingliang Kang
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xuhui Dong
- School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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3
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Menegaki S, Kelepertzis E, Kypritidou Z, Lampropoulou A, Chrastný V, Aidona E, Bourliva A, Komárek M. Characterization of the inhalable fraction (< 10 μm) of soil from highly urbanized and industrial environments: magnetic measurements, bioaccessibility, Pb isotopes and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:230. [PMID: 38849623 PMCID: PMC11161548 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Soil in urban and industrial areas is one of the main sinks of pollutants. It is well known that there is a strong link between metal(loid)s bioaccessibility by inhalation pathway and human health. The critical size fraction is < 10 μm (inhalable fraction) since these particles can approach to the tracheobronchial region. Here, soil samples (< 10 μm) from a highly urbanized area and an industrialized city were characterized by combining magnetic measurements, bioaccessibility of metal(loids) and Pb isotope analyses. Thermomagnetic analysis indicated that the main magnetic mineral is impure magnetite. In vitro inhalation analysis showed that Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn were the elements with the highest bioaccessibility rates (%) for both settings. Anthropogenic sources that are responsible for Pb accumulation in < 10 μm fraction are traffic emissions for the highly urbanized environment, and Pb related to steel emissions and coal combustion in cement plant for the industrial setting. We did not establish differences in the Pb isotope composition between pseudo-total and bioaccessible Pb. The health risk assessment via the inhalation pathway showed limited non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children. The calculated risks based on pseudo-total and lung bioaccessible concentrations were identical for the two areas of contrasting anthropogenic pressures. Carcinogenic risks were under the threshold levels (CR < 10-4), with Ni being the dominant contributor to risk. This research contributes valuable insights into the lung bioaccessibility of metal(loids) in urban and industrial soils, incorporating advanced analytical techniques and health risk assessments for a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Menegaki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Panepistimiopolis, ZographouAthens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Panepistimiopolis, ZographouAthens, Greece.
| | - Zacharenia Kypritidou
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Panepistimiopolis, ZographouAthens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Lampropoulou
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Panepistimiopolis, ZographouAthens, Greece
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Elina Aidona
- Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Geology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Bourliva
- Directorate of Secondary Education of Western Thessaloniki, 56430, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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4
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Tao Z, Peng G, Chen F, Guo Q, Wei R, Pan K, Deng Y, Jiao L, Zhang Z, Chen S, Xia T. Elevated lead mobility in sediments of a eutrophic drinking water reservoir during spring and summer seasons: Insights from isotopic signatures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134833. [PMID: 38880043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) pollution in sediments remains a major concern for ecosystem quality due to the robust interaction at the sediment/water interface, particularly in shallow lakes. However, understanding the mechanism behind seasonal fluctuations in Pb mobility in these sediments is lacking. Here, the seasonal variability of Pb concentration and isotopic ratio were investigated in the uppermost sediments of a shallow eutrophic drinking lake located in southeast China. Results reveal a sharp increase in labile Pb concentration during autumn-winter period, reaching ∼ 3-fold higher levels than during the spring-summer seasons. Despite these fluctuations, there was a notable overlap in the Pb isotopic signatures within the labile fraction across four seasons, suggesting that anthropogenic sources are not responsible for the elevated labile Pb concentration in autumn-winter seasons. Instead, the abnormally elevated labile Pb concentration during autumn-winter was probably related to reduction dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides, while declined labile Pb concentration during spring-summer may be attributed to adsorption/precipitation of Fe/Mn oxides. These large seasonal changes imply the importance of considering seasonal effects when conducting sediment sampling. We further propose a solution that using Pb isotopic signatures within the labile fraction instead of the bulk sediment can better reflect the information of anthropogenic Pb sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guogan Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yinan Deng
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China
| | - Linlin Jiao
- College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China.
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5
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Ray I, Misra S, Chen M, Wang X, Das R. Entrapment of atmospheric particle bound heavy metals by ferns as evidenced by lead (Pb) isotope and MixSIAR: Implications for improving air quality. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134014. [PMID: 38503208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant metal uptake can occur through both soil-root and atmospheric transfer from leaves. The latter holds potential implications for development of biofiltration systems. To explore this potential, it is crucial to understand entrapment capacity and metal sources within plants. As ferns absorb materials from atmosphere, this study focuses on two abundant fern species growing in densely populated and highly polluted regions of Eastern India. Gravimetric quantification, elemental concentration and Pb isotopic analyses were performed by segregating the ferns into distinct components: foliage dusts (loose dust (LD) and wax-bound dust (WD)) and plant tissue (leaves and roots). To understand metal sources, the study analyzes soil, and atmospheric particulates (PM10 and dust fall (DF)). Results indicate that, while LDs have soil dust influence, wax entraps atmospheric particulates and translocates them inside the leaves. Furthermore, roots demonstrate dissimilar isotopic ratios from soil, while displaying close association with atmospheric particulates. Isotopic composition and subsequent mixing model reveal dominant contribution from DF in leaves (53-73%) and roots (33-86%). Apart from DF, leaf Pb is sourced from PM10 (21-38%) with minimal contribution from soil (6-10%). Conversely, in addition to dominance from DF, roots source Pb primarily from soil (12-62%) with a meagre 2-8% contribution from PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iravati Ray
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Sambuddha Misra
- Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Mengli Chen
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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6
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Khelili A, Cloquet C, Dong S, Poszwa A, Mansuy-Huault L, Muel V, Gley R, Gauthier C, Fraysse F, Montargès-Pelletier E. Assessment of particulate Zn and Pb sources in the Orne watershed (Northeast France) using geochemical tools. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36663-36684. [PMID: 38750272 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The Orne River, a tributary of the Moselle River, was highly impacted by industrial activities for more than one century. Land use along the Orne River is highly contrasted, with local specificity from its source to its junction with the Moselle River. The intense industrial activity left behind tons of steelmaking wastes (SMW) on the land surface and within the Orne riverbed. To assess the sources of particulate Zn and Pb transported as suspended sediment in the Orne River, different sets of samples from likely Zn- and Pb-bearing particle sources within the Orne watershed were collected. Three sets of samples were taken from potential sources representing detrital, urban, and inherited industrial particles. Mineralogy, element contents, and Zn and Pb isotope compositions were obtained to characterize and reveal the fingerprint of each set of samples. Soil samples were collected on distinct geomorphological areas characterized by different soil types and land uses. They all display detrital minerals assigned to the geological background. Urban dusts and steelmaking residues display specific mineral phases (sulfates and iron oxides, respectively). Element compositions present strong discrepancies between the distinct sets of samples. SMWs are particularly enriched in Fe, Zn, and Pb. Concerning isotopic composition, SMWs exhibit δ66Zn values ranging from - 0.67 to 1.66‰. Urban samples display δ66Zn values between - 0.11 and 0.13‰, and soils present δ66Zn values between - 0.24 and 0.47‰. The 206Pb/204Pb ratio was estimated to range from 17.550 to 18.807 for soils, from 17.973 to 18.219 for urban samples, and from 18.313 to 18.826 for SMWs. For each of the three sets of samples (soils, urban, industrial), variations of geochemical fingerprint were observed. For soils, the relatively large variations of Zn and Pb isotopic compositions were attributed to distinct land use and the contribution of atmospheric deposition. For industrial samples, the variations were more intense and may be attributed either to distinct industrial processes in the production of pig iron or to distinct furnace-flume treatment modes. The three sets of samples (urban, industrial, and detrital) could be distinguished based on Zn and Pb contents and isotopes. Finally, this study not only highlighted the sources that released particulate Zn and Pb into the Orne River system, it also demonstrated that urban particles are well defined in terms of Zn and Pb isotopic signatures, and those isotopic signatures could be extrapolated to other case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Khelili
- Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques Et Géochimiques, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Christophe Cloquet
- Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques Et Géochimiques, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Shuofei Dong
- Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques Et Géochimiques, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Anne Poszwa
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laurence Mansuy-Huault
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Victor Muel
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Renaud Gley
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christophe Gauthier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Fabrice Fraysse
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- LTSER FRANCE Zone Atelier Moselle, LTSER France, 54500, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Lee PK, Yu S. Differentiating anthropogenic effects from natural metal(loid) levels in residential soil near a zinc smelter in South Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34922-34935. [PMID: 38713355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Metal(loid)s pose a significant hazard due to inherent toxicity. Individuals are particularly exposed to metal(loid)s in soil through direct or indirect contact. Identifying metal(loid) sources in soil is required for exposure mitigation to anthropogenic metal(loid)s, while metal(loid)s are natural constitutes of soil. Metal(loid) concentrations and Pb isotopes were determined in residential soil profiles impacted by a Zn smelter to distinguish the anthropogenic effect from natural levels. One hundred sixty-nine core soil samples were collected from depths down to 5.5 m below ground level at 19 sites and were divided into Zn-Cd-As- and As-contaminated groups based on the worrisome level (WL) of soil contamination. The Zn-Cd-As-contaminated group (n = 62) was observed at depths < 1 m, showed high Zn levels (mean of 1168 mg/kg) and Cd and As frequently exceeding WLs, and had low 206Pb/207Pb ratios close to the Zn smelter. In contrast, the As-contaminated group (n = 96) was observed at depths > 1 m, did not have other metals exceeding WLs, and showed a wide range of 206Pb/207Pb ratios far away from the Zn smelter. The results indicated that the pollution sources of Zn-Cd-As- and As-contaminated soils were fugitive dust emissions from smelter stacks and geology, respectively. The metal(loid)s in host rock set geochemical baselines in soil profiles, while smelting activities affected the upper layers over 50 years. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of utilizing the vertical distribution of metal(loid) concentrations and Pb isotopes in soil profiles for distinguishing between anthropogenic and geogenic origins, in combination with baseline assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyeong-Koo Lee
- Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-Ro, Daejeon, 34132, Yuseong-Gu, Korea
| | - Soonyoung Yu
- Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-Ro, Daejeon, 34132, Yuseong-Gu, Korea.
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8
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Astray B, Šípková A, Baragaño D, Pechar J, Krejci R, Komárek M, Chrastný V. Measuring Pb isotope ratios in fresh snow filtrate refines the apportioning of contaminant sources in the Arctic. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123457. [PMID: 38341064 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The remoteness and low population in the Arctic allow us to study global environmental processes, where the analysis of indicators can provide useful information about local and distant pollution sources. Fresh snow represents a convenient indicator of regional and transboundary atmospheric contamination sources, entrapping aerosols, and particulates like a natural autosampler of the environment. Lead stable isotopes are widely used to trace and monitor local and distant pollution sources. However, the behavior of Pb within different snow components is still not thoroughly studied, and its significance could be underestimated if only larger particulates are accounted for. We collected snow and samples from potential sources (fuel, rocks, coal) in three Arctic localities: Nuuk (Greenland), Reykjavik (Iceland), and Longyearbyen (Svalbard). We separated the filtrate from the filter residue through 0.45 μm nitrocellulose membranes to isolate the low-diameter particles associated with long-range transport from larger particles of mostly local natural origin. Filtrates yielded higher EFs (enrichment factor as the Pb/Al ratio relative to the upper crust) than filtration residues (80 ± 104 and 2.1 ± 1.1, respectively), and Pb isotope signals similar to fuel and coal (206Pb/207Pb are 1.199 ± 0.028 in coal, 1.168 ± 0.029 in filtrates, 1.163 ± 0.013 in fuel, 1.137 ± 0.045 in residues, and 0.985 ± 0.020 in rocks). In contrast to filtrates, the filter residues present wider ranges of Pb isotope compositions and crustal contributions and lower EFs, so we suggest that filtrate contains Pb from fuel combustion more selectively, while the residue carries a more considerable contribution of local mineral dust that can mask the contribution of other anthropogenic or distant natural sources. These findings add weight to the notion that filtrates are a more selective measure of metal deposition from long-range anthropogenic emissions compared to analyzing bulk melted snow or only filter residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Astray
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Šípková
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Diego Baragaño
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe, 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jan Pechar
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1645/31a, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Krejci
- Department of Environmental Science - Atmospheric Science Unit & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, S 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastný
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic.
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9
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Caravanos J, Landrigan PJ, Nelson BK, Neisler JP, Chang HY. Measurement of Soil Lead Levels Adjacent to Lead-Sheathed Communications Cables. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:37701. [PMID: 38466399 PMCID: PMC10926989 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Caravanos
- Department of Global and Environmental Health, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philip J. Landrigan
- Program for Global Public Health and the Common Good, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce K. Nelson
- Department of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jordan P. Neisler
- Department of Global and Environmental Health, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hsin Yi Chang
- Department of Global and Environmental Health, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Khodadadi R, Sohrabi M, Loppi S, Tahmasebi Birgani Y, Babaei AA, Neisi A, Baboli Z, Dastoorpoor M, Goudarzi G. Atmospheric pollution by potentially toxic elements: measurement and risk assessment using lichen transplants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1270-1283. [PMID: 36787704 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2174256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The lichen Usnea articulata collected from an unpolluted area was exposed for 6 months at 26 sites for the sample chosenusing a stratified random design, and the content of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, and Zn, was assessed using ICP-MS. The health risk for both adults and children was then calculated using the PTEs concentrations. The results showed that despite the hostile urban conditions, transplanted lichens depicted clear deposition patterns of airborne PTEs, mostly associated with industrial sites, where As and other elements showed remarkably high values. The cumulative hazard index was below the risk threshold, both for adults and children. For the entire population (particularly children) residing in areas surrounding industrial sites, As and Cr appeared to be potentially carcinogenic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhollah Khodadadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sohrabi
- The Museum of Iranian Lichens, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Biotechnology Department, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stefano Loppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Babaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdolkazem Neisi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Baboli
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Iranian Scientific Association of Clean Air, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Yang Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Jiao G, Dai H, Liu X, Hughes SS. The migration and transformation mechanism of vanadium in a soil-pore water-maize system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169563. [PMID: 38145672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The migration mechanism of vanadium (V) in the soil-pore water-maize system has not been revealed. This study conducted pot experiments under artificial control conditions to reveal V's distribution and transport mechanism under different growth stages and V content gradient stress. The V content in the soil pore water gradually increased by an order of magnitude. The V content of pore water in the no-plant group was higher than that in the plant group, indicating that the maize roots absorbed V. The V exists in the form of pentavalent oxygen anions, in which H2VO4- occupies the most significant proportion. With increasing V content, the root area, root number, root length, and tip number decreased significantly. The malondialdehyde content in maize leaves showed an increasing trend, indicating the degree of lipid peroxidation was gradually enhanced. The V content was in the order of root > leaf > stem > fruit and maturity stage > flowering stage > jointing stage, respectively. The transfer coefficient reached a maximum under natural conditions, and increased gradually with the growth. The results of synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis showed that Fe in maize roots mainly comprised of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4. The Fe in the soil is primarily existed in lepidocrocite and Fe2O3. The μ-XRF analysis showed that V and Fe enriched in the roots with a positive relationship, indicating the synergistic absorption of V and Fe by roots. Part of the Fe2+ reduced V5+ to V4+ or V3+ in the forms of VO2+, V(OH)2+, or V(OH)3 (s), and fixed V at the root. Soil weak acid-soluble fraction V and soil total V were vital factors to maize extraction. This study provides new insights into V biogeochemical behavior and a scientific basis for correctly evaluating its ecological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China.
| | - Yunhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Ganghui Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Hao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Scott S Hughes
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
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12
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Cai Y, Han Z, Lu H, Zhao R, Wen M, Liu H, Zhang B. Spatial-temporal variation, source apportionment and risk assessment of lead in surface river sediments over ∼20 years of rapid industrialisation in the Pearl River Basin, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132981. [PMID: 37992505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic element and is not essential to the human body. Lead pollution caused by human activities and a high geological background is considered a global environmental issue. According to the China Geochemical Baseline (CGB) project, the Pearl River Basin had the highest Pb content in alluvial sediments of 30 first-level basins in China. For this reason, it is of great significance to determine the temporal and spatial variations in Pb and their influencing factors in the Pearl River Basin. In this study, 956 stream sediment samples collected in the 1980 s (early stage) and 129 river sediment samples collected from 2008 to 2010 (late stage) were used to study the background value and spatial-temporal variation characteristics of Pb in river sediments in the Pearl River Basin. The Pb source apportionment and an ecological risk assessment were also carried out. The background value of Pb (36.2 mg·kg-1) in the river sediments of the Pearl River Basin was significantly higher than that in China (22.1 mg·kg-1). The parent rocks determine the Pb background in sediments and the high Pb background areas mainly comprised carbonate rocks and acid volcanic rocks. Over 20 years of rapid industrialisation, the average Pb increased from 43.3 to 68.3 mg·kg-1 in the Pearl River Basin. The BCR analysis revealed that Pb mainly existed in the reducible phase (48 % on average) and residue phase (42 % on average). The enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index indicated that the late-stage sediments experienced more Pb pollution than the early-stage sediments. However, the risk assessment code (RAC) showed that there was a low ecological risk of Pb in the late-stage sediments. The factor analysis results for the two rounds of data were significantly different. The Pb content in early-stage sediments was closely related to Al2O3 and Zr, while Pb in the late-stage sediments was mainly related to Zn, As, Sb, Au and Hg, indicating that the increase in Pb in the later samples was mainly influenced by human activities. The Pb isotope composition of the late-stage sediments confirmed that low Pb content was mainly controlled by natural sources, while high Pb content was significantly affected by anthropogenic sources. Combining the results of spatial-temporal variation, chemical speciation and source apportionment indicated that the rapid rise of Pb in late-stage sediments in certain areas could be attributed to mining and smelting activities during the process of industrialisation over 20 years. The anthropogenic exogenous Pb could be immobilised by Fe-Mn (hydro)oxides when it entered the soil, so although there was a high background the ecological risk of Pb in river sediments was low. In the future, Pb pollution control and remediation needs to be strengthened in the Pearl River Basin to avoid the outbreak of potential ecological risks linked to Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqun Cai
- Department of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Zhixuan Han
- Department of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Haotian Lu
- Department of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Ruiwei Zhao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Meilan Wen
- Department of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Hanliang Liu
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang, Hebei 065000, China
| | - Bimin Zhang
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang, Hebei 065000, China.
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Gao Y, Lyu T, Zhang W, Zhou X, Zhang R, Tang Y, Jiang Y, Cao H. Control priority based on source-specific DALYs of PM 2.5-bound heavy metals by PMF-PSCF-IsoSource model in urban and suburban Beijing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120016. [PMID: 38232599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
To determine the priority control sources, an approach was proposed to evaluate the source-specific contribution to health risks from inhaling PM2.5-bound heavy metals (PBHMs). A total of 482 daily PM2.5 samples were collected from urban and suburban areas of Beijing, China, between 2018 and 2019. In addition to the PMF-PSCF model, a Pb isotopic IsoSource model was built for more reliable source apportionment. By using the comprehensive indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks could be compared on a unified scale. The study found that the annual average concentrations of the total PBHMs were significantly higher in suburban areas than in urban areas, with significantly higher concentrations during the heating season than during the nonheating season. Comprehensive dust accounted for the largest contribution to the concentration of PBHMs, while coal combustion contributed the most to the DALYs associated with PBHMs. These results suggest that prioritizing the control of coal combustion could effectively reduce the disease burden associated with PBHMs, leading to notable public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Tong Lyu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ruidi Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yilin Tang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanxue Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Hongbin Cao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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14
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Barreira J, Araújo DF, Knoery J, Briant N, Machado W, Grouhel-Pellouin A. The French Mussel Watch Program reveals the attenuation of coastal lead contamination over four decades. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115975. [PMID: 38160604 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The mid-20th century industrial peak caused severe global lead (Pb) marine contamination. Although Europe initiated Pb emission reduction regulations in the 1980s, the short- and long-term impacts remain unclear. This study investigates the evolution of Pb contamination on the French coast through elemental and isotope analysis in oysters and mussels from the French "Mussel Watch" Program. Observations at 114 monitoring stations over four decades have shown decreasing Pb levels in these bivalve mollusks. In 1988, 95 % exceeded the background reference values; this level had dropped to 39 % by 2021. The Pb isotope ratios in bivalves from eight target sites revealed a reduction in bioaccumulated anthropogenic Pb, albeit without complete elimination. The long residence time of legacy Pb combined with inputs from diffuse urban sources likely explains the persistent presence of anthropogenic Pb on the French coast. This study endorses the importance of continuous biomonitoring to evaluate environmental regulations and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Barreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Geoquímica, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Ifremer, CCEM - Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Centre Atlantique, Nantes, France.
| | - Joël Knoery
- Ifremer, CCEM - Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Centre Atlantique, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM - Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Centre Atlantique, Nantes, France
| | - Wilson Machado
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Geoquímica, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anne Grouhel-Pellouin
- Ifremer, CCEM - Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Centre Atlantique, Nantes, France
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15
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Nordberg K, Björk G, Abrahamsson K, Josefsson S, Lundin L. Historic distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PAC) in a Skagerrak fjord, Swedish west coast as reflected in a high-resolution sediment record and compared to the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:116014. [PMID: 38183834 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
We present the historic distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PAC) in a Skagerrak fjord, a relatively unexploited area, on the Swedish west coast. PACs encompass various compounds, including PAHs, alkyl-PAHs, nitro-PAHs, and oxy-PAHs. These compounds, have environmental implications due to their harmful properties. Using a high-resolution sediment record, PAC variations including standard PAHs, nitro-PAHs and oxy-PAHs were investigated over the last approximately 170 years, comparing them with other European records. The sediment record reveals a significant increase in PAC levels during the 1940s-1950s, followed by peaks in the 1960s and 1970s, and a subsequent decrease in the 1980s. These trends align with industrial growth and evolving stronger environmental regulations in the region. The highest recorded concentration of PACs (1950-1970) reached levels comparable to present-day polluted urban environments. The study also compared PAH levels with EQS values. Results indicated that PAH levels exceeded EQS standards, potentially posing risks to sediment-dwelling organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Nordberg
- Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Göran Björk
- Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Abrahamsson
- Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarah Josefsson
- Geological Survey of Sweden, PO Box 670, SE 75128 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lisa Lundin
- Dept. of Chemistry, Umeå Univ., Linneus väg 6, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Xia Y, Liu Y, Chen T, Xu Y, Qi M, Sun G, Wu X, Chen M, Xu W, Liu C. Combining Cd and Pb isotope analyses for heavy metal source apportionment in facility agricultural soils around typical urban and industrial areas. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133568. [PMID: 38262321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Facility agriculture enhances food production capabilities. However, concerns persist regarding heavy metal accumulation resulting from extensive operation of this type of farming. This study integrated the total content, five fractions, and isotope composition of Cd and Pb in intensively farmed soils in regions characterized by industrialization (Shaoguan, SG) and urbanization (Guangzhou, GZ), to assess the sources and mechanisms causing metals accumulation. We found significantly more severe Cd/Pb accumulation and potential mobility in SG than GZ. Cd displayed higher accumulation levels and potential mobility than Pb. The distinct isotopic signals in SG (-0.54 to 0.47‰ for δ114/110Cd and 1.1755 to 1.1867 for 206Pb/207Pb) and GZ (-0.86 to 0.12‰ for δ114/110Cd and 1.1914 to 1.2012 for 206Pb/207Pb) indicated significant differences in Cd/Pb sources. The Bayesian model revealed that industrial activities and related transportation accounted for over 40% and approximately 30%, respectively, of the average contributions of Cd/Pb in SG. While urban-related (26.6%) and agricultural-related (26.3%) activities primarily contributed to Cd in GZ. The integration of δ114/110Cd and 208Pb/206Pb has further enhanced the regional contrast in sources. The present study established a comprehensive tracing system for Cd-Pb, providing crucial insights into the accumulation and distribution of these metals in facility agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- South China Normal University, School of Environment, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yudi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Meng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guangyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Xian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Manjia Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Wenpo Xu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
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17
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Briant N, Knoery J, Araújo DF, Ponzevera E, Chouvelon T, Bruzac S, Sireau T, Thomas B, Mojtahid M, Metzger E, Brach-Papa C. Vanishing lead in the Loire River estuary: An example of successful environmental regulation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122860. [PMID: 37925011 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The behavior, and history of lead (Pb) contamination in the ecosystem of the Loire estuary was examined using elemental concentrations and Pb isotope data in water, sediment, bivalves, shrimps, and fish. In the estuary and in the surrounding coastal area, Pb concentrations in water and sediment decreased compared to concentrations determined in the 1980s, with concentrations ranging from 15.8 to 65.7 mg kg-1 in the surface sediment, 0.04-0.26 nM in the water column, and 48.0-77.9 mg kg-1 in suspended particles. Pb biomonitoring using blue mussels collected by the French Mussel Watch Program over the last 40 years showed a concentration decrease from 3.8 to 0.8 mg kg-1. A similar trend is observed in an estuarine sediment core. Changes in accompanying Pb isotope compositions strongly suggest a binary mixing process between Pb derived from terrigenous material and anthropogenic sources. Thus, environmental regulations restricting the release of lead into the environment contribute to a decrease in estuarine levels of this pollutant, which occurs on a decadal time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Joël Knoery
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Ponzevera
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Tiphaine Chouvelon
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France; Observatoire Pelagis, UAR 3462, La Rochelle Université - CNRS, F-17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Sandrine Bruzac
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Teddy Sireau
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Bastien Thomas
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Meryem Mojtahid
- Université d'Angers, Nantes Université, Le Mans Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, LPG UMR 6112, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Edouard Metzger
- Université d'Angers, Nantes Université, Le Mans Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, LPG UMR 6112, 49000, Angers, France
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18
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Barreira J, Araújo DF, Rodrigues BQA, Tonhá MS, Mendes RDA, Souto-Oliveira CE, Babinski M, Knoery J, Sanders CJ, Garnier J, Machado W. Copper isotopes as a tool to trace contamination in mangroves from an urbanized watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122785. [PMID: 37871737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the chronology of copper (Cu) contamination and its stable isotopes within an emblematic Brazilian mangrove impacted by multiple urban and industrial Cu sources, deforestation, and eutrophication. In particular, it tests Cu isotopes as tracers of anthropogenic inputs into an anthropized watershed impacted by multiple sources. To do so, we used multi-isotopic approaches (δ65Cu, δ13C, and δ15N), elemental analyses (Al, Ca, Fe, P, Cu, C, and N), and selective and sequential extractions in a210Pb-dated sediment core. This geochemical "toolbox" allowed identifying two main stages of Cu evolution in the sediment core. In the first stage, before 1965, Cu isotope fingerprints responded to landscape changes, indicating a shift from marine to geogenic dominance due to the remobilization and erosion of terrestrial materials. In the second stage, after 1965, the sediment geochemical profile showed increased Cu total concentrations with a higher bioavailability (as reflected by sequential extraction data) accompanying changes in Cu isotope signatures towards anthropogenic values. The findings evidence that local industrial sources, possibly combined with diffuse urban sources, export Cu into downstream mangroves with a distinguishable isotope signature compared to natural values. This study demonstrates the applicability of Cu isotopes as new environmental forensic tools to trace anthropogenic sources in mangrove sediments. Incorporated into a robust geochemical toolbox that combines inorganic and organic proxies for sedimentary materials, this new tool provides a comprehensive understanding of Cu dynamics in mangrove ecosystems, shedding light on the historical and current sources of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Barreira
- Geochemistry Program, Chemistry Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil.
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Breno Q A Rodrigues
- Geochemistry Program, Chemistry Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Joël Knoery
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Wilson Machado
- Geochemistry Program, Chemistry Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
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19
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Tao Z, Hu J, Guo Q, Wei R, Jiao L, Li Y, Chen F, Fan B, Lan W, Pan K. Coupling isotopic signatures and partial extraction method to examine lead pollution in mangrove sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132252. [PMID: 37604039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Elevated lead (Pb) has been widely observed in mangrove sediments due to human activities, yet understanding the sources of Pb in these sediments and the factors influencing Pb accumulation is challenging. Here, we combined Pb isotopes with partial extraction methods to study Pb contamination levels in mangrove sediments from the eastern and western parts of the Maowei Sea, China. Our results showed that the Pb in the leachate and residual fraction was mainly from anthropogenic and natural sources, respectively. The use of 204Pb isotope analysis can reveal some overlooked differences between anthropogenic and natural sources. Calculation by Bayesian mixing model showed no significant difference in the total anthropogenic contribution between the two sites, but the relative contribution of each end member differed. The contribution of Pb/Zn ores was much higher in the eastern sites (30.9 ± 5.1%) than in the west (18.4 ± 5.5%), while that of agricultural activities was much lower in the east (5.2 ± 3.1%) than in the west (13.5 ± 4.6%). The elevated anthropogenic Pb accumulation in mangrove sediments was ascribed to organic matter. This study provides more data on Pb isotopic composition and new insights into Pb biogeochemistry in the mangrove environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linlin Jiao
- College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bailing Fan
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenlu Lan
- Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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20
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Zheng K, Li Y, Wang N, Zhou Y, Li Z. Pollution revealed by stable lead isotopes in recent snow from the northern and central Tibetan Plateau. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115296. [PMID: 37517310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) isotopes are less fractionated than those from different sources, and thus were used to trace the sources of Pb in the environment. To investigate the sources of Pb in the atmosphere of the Tibetan Plateau, stable Pb isotopes (206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb) in acidified snow pit samples collected from five glaciers (i.e., Qiyi-QY, Meikuang-MK, Yuzhufeng-YZF, Hariqin-HRQ and Xiaodongkemadi-XDKMD) in May 2016 of the northern and central Tibetan Plateau were measured. The results showed narrow ranges of 1.158-1.187 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.450-2.489 for 208Pb/207Pb respectively. The 206Pb/207Pb ratios in all samples were obviously lower than the environmental background value of 1.196, indicating the primary contributions of anthropogenic sources. At least 60% of Pb was contributed by various human activities, which was supported by the Pb isotopes in the snow pit samples from the QY, MK, YZF, HRQ and XDKMD glaciers. By comparing Pb isotope data, we found that the primary anthropogenic sources are coal combustion, mining and smelting activities in northwestern China and mixed emissions from cities located in western China and close to the glaciers. These sources contributed to the Pb in the northern glaciers (QY and MK) in particular. Coal combustion in India probably contributes to the central glaciers (HRQ and XDKMD). Another potential source could be parts of central Asia (e.g., Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) through long range transport. The above potential source areas of contaminants were traced further by the air mass back-trajectory tracing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi'an 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yuefang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Ninglian Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi'an 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; Institute of Earth Surface System and Hazards, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibet Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Youhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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21
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Ebeling A, Wippermann D, Zimmermann T, Klein O, Kirchgeorg T, Weinberg I, Hasenbein S, Plaß A, Pröfrock D. Investigation of potential metal emissions from galvanic anodes in offshore wind farms into North Sea sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115396. [PMID: 37582306 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate potential metal emissions from offshore wind farms (OWFs), 215 surface sediment samples from different German North Sea OWFs taken between 2016 and 2022 were analyzed for their mass fractions of metals and their isotopic composition of Sr. For the first time, this study provides large-scale elemental data from OWFs of the previously proposed galvanic anode tracers Cd, Pb, Zn, Ga and In. Results show that mass fractions of the legacy pollutants Cd, Pb and Zn were mostly within the known variability of North Sea sediments. At the current stage the analyzed Ga and In mass fractions as well as Ga/In ratios do not point towards an accumulation in sediments caused by galvanic anodes used in OWFs. However, further investigations are advisable to evaluate long-term effects over the expected lifetime of OWFs, especially with regard to the current intensification of offshore wind energy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ebeling
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry, Department Inorganic Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Wippermann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry, Department Inorganic Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tristan Zimmermann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry, Department Inorganic Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Ole Klein
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry, Department Inorganic Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Torben Kirchgeorg
- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Weinberg
- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Plaß
- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Pröfrock
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry, Department Inorganic Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
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22
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Wang Z, Dai S, Cowan EA, Dietrich M, Schlesinger WH, Wu Q, Zhou M, Seramur KC, Das D, Vengosh A. Isotopic Signatures and Outputs of Lead from Coal Fly Ash Disposal in China, India, and the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12259-12269. [PMID: 37556313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research and technology to reduce the atmospheric emission of Pb from burning coal for power generation, minimal attention has been paid to Pb associated with coal ash disposal in the environment. This study investigates the isotopic signatures and output rates of Pb in fly ash disposal in China, India, and the United States. Pairwise comparison between feed coal and fly ash samples collected from coal-fired power plants from each country shows that the Pb isotope composition of fly ash largely resembles that of feed coal, and its isotopic distinction allows for tracing the release of Pb from coal fly ash into the environment. Between 2000 and 2020, approx. 236, 56, and 46 Gg Pb from fly ash have been disposed in China, India, and the U.S., respectively, posing a significant environmental burden. A Bayesian Pb isotope mixing model shows that during the past 40 to 70 years, coal fly ash has contributed significantly higher Pb (∼26%) than leaded gasoline (∼7%) to Pb accumulation in the sediments of five freshwater lakes in North Carolina, U.S.A. This implies that the release of disposed coal fly ash Pb at local and regional scales can outweigh that of other anthropogenic Pb sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Shifeng Dai
- College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ellen A Cowan
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
| | - Matthew Dietrich
- The Polis Center, IU Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - William H Schlesinger
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qingru Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhou
- College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Keith C Seramur
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
| | - Debabrata Das
- Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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23
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Wilhelm K, Longman J, Standish CD, De Kock T. The Historic Built Environment As a Long-Term Geochemical Archive: Telling the Time on the Urban "Pollution Clock". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12362-12375. [PMID: 37436401 PMCID: PMC10448721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel methodology for utilizing historic built environments as reliable long-term geochemical archives, addressing a gap in the reconstruction of past anthropogenic pollution levels in urban settings. For the first time, we employ high-resolution laser ablation mass spectrometry for lead isotope (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) analysis on 350-year-old black crust stratigraphies found on historic built structures, providing insights into past air pollution signatures. Our findings reveal a gradual shift in the crust stratigraphy toward lower 206Pb/207Pb and higher 208Pb/206Pb isotope ratios from the older to the younger layers, indicating changes in lead sources over time. Mass balance analysis of the isotope data shows black crust layers formed since 1669 primarily contain over 90% Pb from coal burning, while other lead sources from a set of modern pollution including but not limited to leaded gasoline (introduced after 1920) become dominant (up to 60%) from 1875 onward. In contrast to global archives such as ice cores that provide integrated signals of long-distance pollution, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of localized pollution levels, specifically in urban settings. Our approach complements multiple sources of evidence, enhancing our understanding of air pollution dynamics and trends, and the impact of human activities on urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Wilhelm
- Oxford
Resilient Buildings and Landscapes Laboratory (OxRBL), School of Geography
and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, U.K.
| | - Jack Longman
- Marine
Isotope Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine
Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Department
of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, United
Kingdom
| | - Christopher D. Standish
- School
of Ocean & Earth Sciences, University
of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, U.K.
| | - Tim De Kock
- Antwerp
Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES), Faculty of Design, University of Antwerp Blindestraat 9, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
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24
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Wang Y, Xiao J, Lin X, Waheed A, Ravikumar A, Zhang Z, Zou Y, Chen C. A Self-Assembled G-Quadruplex/Hemin DNAzyme-Driven DNA Walker Strategy for Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Lead Ions Based on Rolling Circle Amplification. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:761. [PMID: 37622847 PMCID: PMC10452914 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a sensitive biosensor is constructed based on a novel rolling circle amplification (RCA) for colorimetric quantification of lead ion (Pb2+). At the detection system, GR5 DNAzymes are modified on the surface of an immunomagnetic bead, and Pb2+ is captured by the aptamer, inducing the disintegration of the GR5 DNAzyme and the release of the DNA walker. After the introduction of the template DNA, T4 DNA ligase, and phi29 DNA polymerase, an RCA is initiated for the sensitivity improvement of this method. Moreover, a G4-hemin DNAzyme is formed as a colorimetric signal, owing to its peroxide-like activity to catalyze the TMB-H2O2 substrate. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of this fabricated biosensor could reach 3.3 pM for Pb2+ with a concentration in the range of 0.01-1000 nM. Furthermore, the results of real samples analysis demonstrate its satisfactory accuracy, implying its great potential in the rapid detection of heavy metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiaxuan Xiao
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Amira Waheed
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ayyanu Ravikumar
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanmin Zou
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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25
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Mutillod C, Baumberger T, Prudent P, Saatkamp A, Vidal E, Le-Mire-Pecheux L, Affre L. Yellow-legged gull populations (Larus michahellis) link the history of landfills to soil eutrophication and time-related vegetation changes on small Mediterranean islands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162948. [PMID: 36948306 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Seabird colonies have a strong influence on both the physical and chemical soil parameters and plant communities of the islands where they settle to nest. Scientists have studied the effects of the demographic explosion of seabird populations, but few have explored the long-term effects when the colonies were in decline. The aim of this study was to investigate diachronic changes over a 24 year period of soil parameters, floristic composition and plant functionnal types (Raunkiaer growth forms and Grime life strategies) up to the decrease of the number of nesting yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis Naumann, 1840) on Mediterranean islands. We used 78 permanent plots to survey the vegetation and the soil parameters on 9 islands and one mainland area within the Calanques National Park (south east of France), for three periods (i.e., 1997, 2008, 2021). Since 1997, the increase of nesting gulls has caused a nitrogen and pH increase and organic carbon and C/N ratio decrease, although the values were still higher than mainland plots without nesting gulls. This has led to changes in plant species composition e.g., higher values of N favouring the development of ruderal plant species, still present in high frequency in 2021. Furthermore, plant species highly tolerant to disturbances (i.e., R Grime strategy) in harsh environments were still favoured even after the decline of gull abundance. However, both the frequency of the chamaephytes and the vegetation cover has increased with the decline of gull colony. In 2021, measures of trace elements' concentrations and calculation of pollution load index (Cu, Pb and Zn) reveals relatively low multi-contamination levels on the mainland and the archipelagos. On naturally oligotrophic and semi-arid Mediterranean islands, gull colonies induce a persistent alteration in soil characteristics that still influences plant communities (composition and functional types), 11 years after the decline in bird abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Mutillod
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale, Marseille, France.
| | | | - Pascale Prudent
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Environnement, Marseille, France
| | - Arne Saatkamp
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Vidal
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale, Marseille, France; UMR ENTROPIE (IRD, Université de la Réunion, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, CNRS), BP A5, Nouméa CEDEX 98848, New Caledonia
| | | | - Laurence Affre
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale, Marseille, France
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26
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Brown L, Fuchs B, Arnemo JM, Kindberg J, Rodushkin I, Zedrosser A, Pelletier F. Lead exposure in brown bears is linked to environmental levels and the distribution of moose kills. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162099. [PMID: 36764533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is heterogeneously distributed in the environment and multiple sources like Pb ammunition and fossil fuel combustion can increase the risk of exposure in wildlife. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Sweden have higher blood Pb levels compared to bears from other populations, but the sources and routes of exposure are unknown. The objective of this study was to quantify the contribution of two potential sources of Pb exposure in female brown bears (n = 34 individuals; n = 61 samples). We used multiple linear regressions to determine the contribution of both environmental Pb levels estimated from plant roots and moose (Alces alces) kills to blood Pb concentrations in female brown bears. We found positive relationships between blood Pb concentrations in bears and both the distribution of moose kills by hunters and environmental Pb levels around capture locations. Our results suggest that the consumption of slaughter remains discarded by moose hunters is a likely significant pathway of Pb exposure and this exposure is additive to environmental Pb exposure in female brown bears in Sweden. We suggest that spatially explicit models, incorporating habitat selection analyses of harvest data, may prove useful in predicting Pb exposure in scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovick Brown
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Boris Fuchs
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway
| | - Jon M Arnemo
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway; Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonas Kindberg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ilia Rodushkin
- Division of Geosciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Zedrosser
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Telemark, Norway; Institute for Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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27
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Afolabi OO, Olatunji AS. Unraveling the source(s) and fate of Pb in urban soils and sediments of Ibadan metropolis using lead isotopes. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1525-1536. [PMID: 35511375 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study an attempt was made to determine the source(s) and nature of Pb in environmental media of Ibadan, one of the largest cities in west Nigeria. Seventy-three samples comprising forty stream sediments, twenty-five soils and eight rocks samples were used for the study. Mineralogical compositions of the samples were determined by X-ray diffraction. The elemental constituents were determined using ICP-MS; while the Pb isotopes were determined using Sector-field ICP-MS. Sequential analysis of selected samples was carried out using a modified Tessier's five-step method. The dominant minerals identified were quartz, kaolinite, k-feldspar, and plagioclase. The concentrations (mg/kg) of Pb in soils, sediments, and rocks ranged from 13.00-470.00; 89.00-3288.00 and 2.90-20.30, respectively. The 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb ranged from 1.72-47.41; 30.69-779.68; 27.00-664.46 and 65.67-1642.27 in the soils and sediments, respectively, while they ranged from 0.02-0.07; 0.56-2.33; 0.38-1.56 and 1.19-4.13 in the rocks. Further evaluation of Pb concentration in the soils and sediments revealed high to extreme Pb pollution status, while the calculated Pb isotopic ratios (IRs) in the soil and sediments varied from that of the underlying bedrocks. The IRS in soils and sediments were characterized by low (1.161-1.172 and 1.127-1.200, and 2.281-2.444 and 2.276-2.474) 206/207 Pb and 208/207 Pb, while those of the rocks were high (1.456-1.753 and 2.647-3.149), indicating additional anthropogenic sourcing of Pb in the soils and sediments. The analyzed Pb revealed fractions more partitioned in the reactive geochemical phases with the Pb partitioned in the exchangeable (0.11-0.23%), carbonate (9.00-43.58%), reducible (8.32-13.53%) and organic/sulfides (42.78-82.45%) phases. This implies that there may be enhanced mobility of Pb in the environmental samples and ultimately bio-adsorption into living tissues in the environment.
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Jeong H, Araújo DF, Garnier J, Mulholland D, Machado W, Cunha B, Ponzevera E. Copper and lead isotope records from an electroplating activity in sediments and biota from Sepetiba Bay (southeastern Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114848. [PMID: 37027955 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An old electroplating plant in Sepetiba Bay discharged metal-enriched wastes into the surrounding mangroves for 30 years (from the 1960s to 1990s), resulting in a hotspot zone of legacy sediments highly concentrated in toxic trace metals. This study applies Cu and Pb isotope systems to investigate the contributions of past punctual sources relative to emerging modern diffuse sources. The electroplating activity imprinted particular isotopic signatures (average δ65CuSRM-976: 0.4 ‰ and 206Pb/207Pb: 1.14) distinct from the natural baseline and urban fluvial sediments. The isotopic compositions of tidal flat sediments show intermediate isotope compositions reflecting the mixing of Cu and Pb from the hotspot zone and terrigenous materials carried by rivers. Oyster isotope fingerprints match legacy sediments, attesting that anthropogenic Cu and Pb are bioavailable to the biota. These findings confirm the interest in combining two or more metal isotope systems to discriminate between modern and past metal source emissions in coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeong Jeong
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jeremie Garnier
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geociências, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, L2, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Daniel Mulholland
- Laboratório de Águas e Efluentes & Laboratório de Análises Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Rua Badejos, Gurupi, TO, Brazil
| | - Wilson Machado
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Geoquímica, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cunha
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Geociências, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo SP Brazil CEP 05508-080
| | - Emmanuel Ponzevera
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Tuccillo ME, Blue J, Koplos J, Kelly J, Wilkin RT. Complexities in attributing lead contamination to specific sources in an industrial area of Philadelphia, PA. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15666. [PMID: 37153384 PMCID: PMC10160504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, lead (Pb) contamination is one of the top ten chemical exposure issues affecting public health. The identification of specific Pb sources provides valuable information to determine assignment of liability for site cleanup, improve sampling plans and develop remedial strategies. This paper examines Pb concentrations and Pb isotopic data from samples collected at and near the site of a Pb paint production facility with a long operating history. Although high soil Pb concentrations were found at the site, Pb concentrations in surrounding neighborhoods did not simply decline with distance from the site. We evaluated soil concentrations and isotopic mixing lines to explore potential sources of Pb pollution. Three-isotope plots showed overlap of site samples and the surrounding neighborhood, consistent with pollution from the facility affecting offsite soils. A major challenge in separation of potential sources, however, is that the isotopic signatures of other potential Pb sources fall within the range of the soil data. The long operational site history, soil disturbances, the presence of nearby smelters, and other local and remote sources affect identification of lead sources. This analysis demonstrates that source attribution can be confounded by incomplete site and material sourcing information. An integrated approach that includes in-depth site characterization and an evaluation of historical activities (e.g., Pb ores used over time, amounts of Pb emitted by all area smelters, land use changes, and soil disturbances) is important for determining source attribution. This analysis provides insight into future site investigations where soil lead contamination has resulted from a long industrial history in an urban setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Blue
- ERG, 561 Virginia Rd., Suite 300, Building 4, Concord, MA 01742, USA
| | - Jonathan Koplos
- ERG, 561 Virginia Rd., Suite 300, Building 4, Concord, MA 01742, USA
| | - Jack Kelly
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 3, Four Penn Center 1600 John F. Kennedy Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
| | - Richard T. Wilkin
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, 919 Kerr Research Dr., Ada, OK 74820, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Buha Marković JZ, Marinković AD, Savić JZ, Mladenović MR, Erić MD, Marković ZJ, Ristić MĐ. Risk Evaluation of Pollutants Emission from Coal and Coal Waste Combustion Plants and Environmental Impact of Fly Ash Landfilling. TOXICS 2023; 11:396. [PMID: 37112623 PMCID: PMC10144006 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Emission factors (EFs) of gaseous pollutants, particulate matter, certain harmful trace elements, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from three thermal power plants (TPPs) and semi-industrial fluidized bed boiler (FBB) were compared. EFs of particulate matter, trace elements (except Cd and Pb), benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene exceed the upper limits specified in the EMEP inventory guidebook for all combustion facilities. The comparison of trace elements and PAHs content in fly ashes (FAs) from lignite and coal waste combustion in TPPs and FBB, respectively, as well as the potential environmental impact of FAs disposal, was performed by employing a set of ecological indicators such as crustal enrichment factor, risk assessment code, risk indices for trace elements, and benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration for PAHs. Sequential analysis shows that the trace elements portion is the lowest for water-soluble and exchangeable fractions. The highest enrichment levels in FAs are noticed for As and Hg. Based on toxic trace elements content, FAs from TPPs represent a very high ecological risk, whereas fly ash from FBB poses a moderate ecological risk but has the highest benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration, indicating its increased carcinogenic potential. Lead isotope ratios for Serbian coals and FAs can contribute to a lead pollution global database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Z Buha Marković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana D Marinković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Z Savić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica R Mladenović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milić D Erić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran J Marković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Đ Ristić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
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Schleicher NJ, Weiss DJ. Identification of atmospheric particulate matter derived from coal and biomass burning and from non-exhaust traffic emissions using zinc isotope signatures. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121664. [PMID: 37085103 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Improving urban air quality is a global challenge. To implement successful abatement measures that reduce atmospheric particulate matter (APM) and associated metal concentrations, precise source apportionment is needed. For this, apportioning contributions from coal and biomass burning and differentiating these from non-exhaust traffic emissions in urban APM is critical. Recent studies characterising the metal isotope composition of urban APM, and potential source materials suggested that non-traditional isotope systems could prove unique fingerprinting tools. Zinc isotopes should be able to separate APM derived from uncontrolled combustion (fly ash, isotopically heavy) from non-exhaust traffic sources (tyre and brake wear, intermediate) and from controlled industrial emissions (flue gas, light). To test this hypothesis, we determined zinc isotope ratios of APM (TSP, PM2.5, PM1) in Beijing (coal combustion for residential heating) and Varanasi (biomass burning in pre-monsoon periods). In Beijing, δ66ZnLyon values of PM2.5 ranged from -0.41 to +1.01‰ in 2015 (avg = +0.25 ± 0.50‰, n = 19). Aerosols (including TSP, PM2.5 and PM1 samples) from the heating period were significantly (t-test, p < 0.001) heavier (avg = +0.90 ± 0.12‰, n = 7) than those from the non-heating period (avg = +0.14 ± 0.36‰, n = 23). Average δ66ZnLyon values of PM2.5 in Varanasi in spring 2015 were +0.82 ± 0.11‰ (n = 4). Extent and direction of isotope fractionation is in line with that expected from theoretical models and the isotope signatures observed agree with previously determined ratios of source materials. Our study links for the first time comprehensively the heavy zinc isotope compositions in APM to coal and biomass burning and shows that zinc isotope compositions of aerosols can discriminate between non-exhaust traffic and combustion sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina J Schleicher
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Dominik J Weiss
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom
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Tao Z, Guo Q, Liu C, Wei R, Han X, Lang Y, Guo Z, Hu J, Dong X, Famiyeh L. Slight transition in Chinese atmospheric Pb isotopic fingerprinting due to increasing foreign Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121296. [PMID: 36804888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric lead (Pb) pollution negatively affects human health and ecosystem, and extensive research is required to identify its sources and develop robust mitigation methods. In this study, the concentration and isotopic composition of Pb in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at five sites in the China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region were analyzed. The results showed that the Pb concentration in the BTH region declined along the northwest direction in winter owing to the East Asian monsoon. Pb isotopic signatures confirmed that anthropogenic activities significantly contributed to Pb pollution, compared with natural sources. With the increasing import of foreign Pb (with a relatively lower 208Pb/206Pb ratio) to China, we hypothesized that the unique isotopic signature of Pb in Chinese aerosols may decline over time. Therefore, the application of the isotopic approach for quantifying Pb transported from China should be carefully appraised in future research to provide a realistic estimate of the contribution of local sources and the transboundary effect consistent with air mass trajectories analysis. This study provides a theoretical reference for supporting the utilization of Δ208Pb values for better clarify the transboundary impact of Pb pollution and to reduce international disputes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Congqiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaokun Han
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaobing Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xinyuan Dong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lord Famiyeh
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang E Rd, Ningbo 315100, China
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Prechova E, Sebek O, Novak M, Andronikov AV, Strnad L, Chrastny V, Cabala J, Stepanova M, Pasava J, Martinkova E, Pacherova P, Blaha V, Curik J, Veselovsky F, Vitkova H. Spatial and temporal trends in δ 66Zn and 206Pb/ 207Pb isotope ratios along a rural transect downwind from the Upper Silesian industrial area: Role of legacy vs. present-day pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 328:121609. [PMID: 37044255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transect sampling is an under-exploited tool in isotope studies of atmospheric pollution. Few studies have combined Zn and Pb isotope ratios to investigate whether atmospheric pollution at a receptor site is dominated by a different anthropogenic source of each of these toxic elements. It has been also unclear whether pollution abatement strategies in Central Europe have already resulted in regionally well-mixed background isotope signature of atmospheric Zn and Pb. Zinc and lead isotope ratios were determined in snow collected along a rural transect downwind from the Upper Silesian industrial area (southern Poland). Spatial and temporal gradients in δ66Zn and 206Pb/207Pb ratios at four sites were compared with those of ore and coal collected in eight Czech and Polish mining districts situated at distances of up to 500 km. Snow pollution was extremely high 8 km from Olkusz in 2011 (1670 μg Zn L-1; 240 μg Pb L-1), sharply decreased between 2011 and 2018, and remained low in 2019-2021. Snow pollution was lower at sites situated 28-68 km from Olkusz. Across study sites, mean δ66Zn and 206Pb/207Pb ratios of snow were -0.13‰ and 1.155, respectively. With an increasing distance from Olkusz, the δ66Zn values first increased and then decreased, while the 206Pb/207Pb ratios first decreased and then increased. The δ66Zn values in snow plotted closer to those of Upper Silesian ores (-0.20‰) than to the δ66Zn values of Upper Silesian stone coal (0.52‰), showing predominance of smelter-derived over power-plant derived Zn pollution. The 206Pb/207Pb ratios of Upper Silesian coal (1.171) and Upper Silesian ores (1.180) were higher compared to those of snow. A206Pb/207Pb vs.208Pb/207Pb plot identified legacy pollution from leaded gasoline as the low-radiogenic mixing end-member. Across the transect sites, only the last sampling campaign exhibited a high degree of isotope homogenization for both Zn and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Prechova
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Sebek
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Novak
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Ladislav Strnad
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Chrastny
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 29, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jerzy Cabala
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bedzinska 60, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | | | - Jan Pasava
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Martinkova
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pacherova
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Blaha
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Curik
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, Prague 5, Czech Republic
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Jeong H, Araújo DF, Knœry J, Briant N, Ra K. Isotopic (Cu, Zn, and Pb) and elemental fingerprints of antifouling paints and their potential use for environmental forensic investigations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121176. [PMID: 36731740 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling paints (APs) are one of the important sources of Cu and Zn contamination in coastal environments. This study applied for the first-time a multi-isotope (Cu, Zn, and Pb) and multi-elemental characterization of different AP brands to improve their tracking in marine environments. The Cu and Zn contents of APs were shown to be remarkably high ∼35% and ∼8%, respectively. The δ65CuAE647, δ66ZnIRMM3702, and 206Pb/207Pb of the APs differed depending on the manufacturers and color (-0.16 to +0.36‰, -0.34 to +0.03‰, and 1.1158 to 1.2140, respectively). A PCA analysis indicates that APs, tires, and brake pads have also distinct elemental fingerprints. Combining isotopic and elemental ratios (e.g., Zn/Cu) allows to distinguish the environmental samples. Nevertheless, a first attempt to apply this approach in highly urbanized harbor areas demonstrates difficulties in source apportionments, because the sediment was chemically and isotopically homogeneous. The similarity of isotope ranges between the harbor and non-exhaust traffic emission sources suggests that most metals are highly affected by urban runoff, and that APs are not the main contributors of these metals. It is suspected that AP-borne contamination should be punctual rather than dispersed, because of APs low solubility properties. Nevertheless, this study shows that the common coastal anthropogenic sources display different elemental and isotopic fingerprints, hence the potential for isotope source tracking applications in marine environments. Further study cases, combined with laboratory experiments to investigate isotope fractionation during releasing the metal sources are necessary to improve non-traditional isotope applications in environmental forensics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeong Jeong
- Ifremer, CCEM-Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France; Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan, 49111, South Korea.
| | - Daniel F Araújo
- Ifremer, CCEM-Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Joël Knœry
- Ifremer, CCEM-Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM-Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Kongtae Ra
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan, 49111, South Korea; Department of Ocean Science (Oceanography), KIOST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
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35
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Olivelli A, Murphy K, Bridgestock L, Wilson DJ, Rijkenberg M, Middag R, Weiss DJ, van de Flierdt T, Rehkämper M. Decline of anthropogenic lead in South Atlantic Ocean surface waters from 1990 to 2011: New constraints from concentration and isotope data. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 189:114798. [PMID: 36907166 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions have severely perturbed the marine biogeochemical cycle of lead (Pb). Here, we present new Pb concentration and isotope data for surface seawater from GEOTRACES section GA02, sampled in the western South Atlantic in 2011. The South Atlantic is divided into three hydrographic zones: equatorial (0-20°S), subtropical (20-40°S), and subantarctic (40-60°S). The equatorial zone is dominated by previously deposited Pb transported by surface currents. The subtropical zone largely reflects anthropogenic Pb emissions from South America, whilst the subantarctic zone presents a mixture of South American anthropogenic Pb and natural Pb from Patagonian dust. The mean Pb concentration of 16.7 ± 3.8 pmol/kg is 34 % lower than in the 1990s, mostly driven by changes in the subtropical zone, with the fraction of natural Pb increasing from 24 % to 36 % between 1996 and 2011. Although anthropogenic Pb remains predominant, these findings demonstrate the effectiveness of policies that banned leaded gasoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Olivelli
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Katy Murphy
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Bridgestock
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, Bute Building, Queen's Terrace, St Andrews KY16 9TS, United Kingdom
| | - David J Wilson
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Place, London WC1E 6BS, United Kingdom
| | - Micha Rijkenberg
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ocean Systems, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Middag
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ocean Systems, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, the Netherlands; Centre for Isotope Research - Oceans, University of Groningen, PO Box 72, 9700 AB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik J Weiss
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tina van de Flierdt
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rehkämper
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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36
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Li Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Gustave W, Zeng L, Xu J, Liu X. A lifelong journey of lead in soil profiles at an abandoned e-waste recycling site: Past, present, and future. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121097. [PMID: 36657515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants resulting from human activities consistently move from the topsoil to the subsoil profiles under the influence of rainfall leaching. This study intends to predict the long-term transport of heavy metals at an abandoned e-waste recycling site with respect to historical pollution activities, land use, and metal pollutant dynamics. Our results showed that the site was seriously contaminated with heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the soil profiles. More specifically, Cu and Zn accumulated primarily in the upper layers of the soil profile owing to their weak mobility, while significant migration of Cd and Pb was observed in the deeper soil layers. Furthermore, to clarify the fate of Pb in soil profiles, Pb isotopes and the Hydrus model were used to trace the sources of Pb contamination and predict its long-term distribution. The Pb isotope results suggest that past e-waste recycling activities significantly contributed to the heavy metal concentration in the soil profiles; however, other anthropogenic sources such as vehicle exhaust had smaller impacts. Moreover, our model findings predicted that within the next 30 years, 60% of Pb contaminants will be concentrated in the surface soil. Together these results provide a theoretical foundation and scientific basis for evaluating, controlling, and remediating abandoned e-waste recycling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Williamson Gustave
- The School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, New Providence, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Lingzao Zeng
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Philippe M, Le Pape P, Resongles E, Landrot G, Freydier R, Bordier L, Baptiste B, Delbes L, Baya C, Casiot C, Ayrault S. Fate of antimony contamination generated by road traffic - A focus on Sb geochemistry and speciation in stormwater ponds. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137368. [PMID: 36574574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although antimony (Sb) contamination has been documented in urban areas, knowledge gaps remain concerning the contributions of the different sources to the Sb urban biogeochemical cycle, including non-exhaust road traffic emissions, urban materials leaching/erosion and waste incineration. Additionally, details are lacking about Sb chemical forms involved in urban soils, sediments and water bodies. Here, with the aim to document the fate of metallic contaminants emitted through non-exhaust traffic emissions in urban aquatic systems, we studied trace element contamination, with a particular focus on Sb geochemistry, in three highway stormwater pond systems, standing as models of surface environments receiving road-water runoff. In all systems, differentiated on the basis of lead isotopic signatures, Sb shows the higher enrichment factor with respect to the geochemical background, up to 130, compared to other traffic-related inorganic contaminants (Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb). Measurements of Sb isotopic composition (δ123Sb) performed on solid samples, including air-exposed dusts and underwater sediments, show an average signature of 0.07 ± 0.05‰ (n = 25, all sites), close to the δ123Sb value measured previously in certified reference material of road dust (BCR 723, δ123Sb = 0.03 ± 0.05‰). Moreover, a fractionation of Sb isotopes is observed between solid and dissolved phases in one sample, which might result from Sb (bio)reduction and/or adsorption processes. SEM-EDXS investigations show the presence of discrete submicrometric particles concentrating Sb in all the systems, interpreted as friction residues of Sb-containing brake pads. Sb solid speciation determined by linear combination fitting of X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectra at the Sb K-edge shows an important spatial variability in the ponds, with Sb chemical forms likely driven by local redox conditions: "dry" samples exposed to air exhibited contributions from Sb(V)-O (52% to 100%) and Sb(III)-O (<10% to 48%) species whereas only underwater samples, representative of suboxic/anoxic conditions, showed an additional contribution from Sb(III)-S (41% to 80%) species. Altogether, these results confirm the traffic emission as a specific source of Sb emission in surface environments. The spatial variations of Sb speciation observed along the road-to-pond continuum likely reflect a high geochemical reactivity, which could have important implications on Sb transfer properties in (sub)surface hydrosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philippe
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE-IPSL), UMR 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 5, France
| | - P Le Pape
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 5, France.
| | - E Resongles
- HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), Université de Montpellier - CNRS - IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - G Landrot
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Freydier
- HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), Université de Montpellier - CNRS - IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - L Bordier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE-IPSL), UMR 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Baptiste
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 5, France
| | - L Delbes
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 5, France
| | - C Baya
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, Cedex 5, France
| | - C Casiot
- HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), Université de Montpellier - CNRS - IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - S Ayrault
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE-IPSL), UMR 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Li N, Li Y, Wei J, Liu K, Wang G, Zhang H, Wen J, Cheng X. Source-oriented ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of West Taihu Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13909-13919. [PMID: 36547827 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The geographical location of West Taihu Lake determines that it is the entrance of the whole Taihu Lake, and the intensive industries around it pose a great threat to the ecology of Taihu Lake. We innovatively combined Pb isotope ratio analysis with ecological risk assessment index to quantify the source-oriented ecological risk of heavy metals (HMs) in the sediments of West Taihu Lake. In this study, the representative HMs Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cd in the surface (0-2 cm) sediments of West Tai Lake were determined, and the ecological risk assessment of HM sources was carried out based on the Pb isotope ratio and ecological risk index. The results showed that HMs were significantly enriched in the south and the west of the study area. The average geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of Pb was unpolluted, Cr and Zn were between unpolluted and moderately polluted, and Cd was moderately polluted. The average ecological risk index (Ei) of Pb, Cr, and Zn was low, and only Cd reached a considerable risk (ECd = 120.7), which accounted for 89.8% of the comprehensive ecological risk index (RI). However, the RI in the whole study area (RI = 134.4) still indicated low risk. There was a significant correlation between Pb and other HMs (P < 0.05). The IsoSource analysis showed that the order of contribution rate was fossil fuels (48.0%) > industrial sources (35.8%) > natural sources (14.9%) > agricultural sources (1.3%). The HM pollution caused by fossil fuel combustion and industrial activities reaches a moderate ecological risk, whereas natural sources and agricultural sources pose a low risk. Overall, the main sources of HM pollution are anthropogenic, which pose moderate ecological risk to the study area and should be paid more attention to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Wei
- Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genmei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanchao Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiale Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Xuanwu District, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
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van den Heever L, Elburg MA, Iaccheri L, Naidoo V, Ueckermann H, Bybee G, Smit-Robinson HA, Whitecross MA, McKechnie AE. Identifying the origin of lead poisoning in white-backed vulture (Gyps africanus) chicks at an important South African breeding colony: a stable lead isotope approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15059-15069. [PMID: 36166116 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Elevated lead levels in scavenging raptors can originate from a variety of environmental and anthropogenic sources, including soil, water, mining activities and legacy lead from leaded fuel, but has mostly been attributed to fragments of lead-based ammunition embedded in the tissues of carcasses. To identify the origins of lead in the tissues of white-backed vulture (Gyps africanus) chicks at Dronfield Nature Reserve, South Africa, we used MC-ICP-MS to compare the isotopic composition of lead in blood samples to those of soil in the chicks' immediate environment, different mining activities in South Africa and lead ammunition commonly used in hunting and game management practices. The isotopic ratios in vulture blood samples ranged widely (207Pb/206Pb: 0.827-0.911), but fell within those measured for ammunition (0.761-0.938). Dronfield water can be excluded as a significant source, as the lead concentration for water was below detection limits. Uranium, coal, atmospheric Pb, legacy Pb from fuel and Pb mining can also be excluded as significant sources, based on the limited overlap with Pb isotopic ratios measured in vulture blood. Whereas 55% of chicks we sampled displayed isotopic ratios consistent with Dronfield soil, the low local Pb concentration and the low extractable Pb levels in South African soil in general, imply that soil Pb is unlikely the major source of Pb in WBV chicks, especially in birds with elevated blood Pb levels, i.e. > 20 µg/dL. Our results, when considered in the context of vulture feeding ecology and low Pb levels in non-scavenging birds in South Africa, imply the major source of elevated Pb levels in WBV chicks to be fragments of lead-based ammunition embedded in the carrion fed to them by their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda van den Heever
- Conservation Division, BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Marlina A Elburg
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Linda Iaccheri
- Wits Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vinny Naidoo
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Grant Bybee
- School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hanneline A Smit-Robinson
- Conservation Division, BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Applied Behavioural Ecological & Ecosystem Research Unit (ABEERU), UNISA, Florida, South Africa
| | - Melissa A Whitecross
- Conservation Division, BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Andrew E McKechnie
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- South African Research Chair in Conservation Physiology, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa
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Wei W, Ling S, Wu X, Li X. Geochemical accumulation and source tracing of heavy metals in arable soils from a black shale catchment, southwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159467. [PMID: 36257439 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal enrichment in soils has been linked to the weathering of lithologies with high geochemical backgrounds, such as black shale. Therefore, this study conducted a typical sampling of surface soils in a black shale catchment in southwestern China to characterize the accumulation and sources of the heavy metals As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mo and Tl. Elevated concentrations of most heavy metals in the soils underlain by black shale are determined to exceed the regional soil background values, even the risk screening values, especially for Mo, As and Cd. Sequential extraction analysis, together with previous results, reveals that most heavy metals in soils are mainly bound in the residual fraction (> 65 %) as a result of the fixation of stable aluminosilicates (e.g., clay minerals). In contrast, Cd mainly occurs in relatively labile proportions as exchangeable (24.42 %), carbonate (24.48 %) and Fe/Mn oxide fractions (26.60 %) due to the non-specific adsorption of soil colloids and the precipitation of carbonates and Fe/Mn oxides. Pb isotopic tracing and APCS/MLR receptor model suggest that heavy metals in the urban surface soils (SG1) have a mixed source of black shale weathering, vehicle exhaust and agricultural input, while heavy metals in the rural surface soils (SG2) are a geogenic source of black shale weathering. Overall, this study provides new insights into contamination management, land use planning and health risk assessment in regions with high geochemical backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611756, China
| | - Sixiang Ling
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611756, China; Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China.
| | - Xiyong Wu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611756, China; Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- School of Emergency Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610039, China
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41
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Mtemi WM, Xu X, Liu S, Qiu G, Wang X, Goodale E, Jiang A. Metal and metalloid sources apportionment in soil of two major agroecosystems of southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:311. [PMID: 36656415 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Apportioning the sources of metals/metalloids is a critical step toward soil quality protection and ecological restoration. The objective of this study was to identify the potential sources of contamination of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn, and determine the contribution rates of each source, to rice and sugarcane agroecosystems of southwestern Guangxi, southern China. We collected a total of 300 soil samples at a former lead-zinc mine and at two reference sites, 6 and 60 km away from the mine, sampling both agroecosystems at each site. Overall, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model revealed that in rice paddies at the mine site, mining activities had the highest contribution (60.7% of all examined metals/metalloids), followed by irrigation (25.8%), and agrochemical application (13.5%). At the close reference site, agrochemical application contributed 42.8%, followed by irrigation (22.7%), natural sources (17.4%), and mining activities (17.2%). At the far reference site, agrochemical application was predominant (40.6%), followed by irrigation (32.5%), and natural sources (26.9%). In comparison, at the mine site and the close reference site in sugarcane ecosystems, agrochemical application was predominant (50.1% and 57.4%, respectively), followed by mining activities (49.9% and 42.6%). At the far reference site, agrochemical application contributed 51.2%, followed by natural sources (48.8%). Therefore, the PMF model indicated that the optimal solution was four or three sources per site for rice paddies, but only two sources per site for sugarcane, suggesting that sources of metal/metalloid contamination were more complicated in rice paddy than in sugarcane agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wambura M Mtemi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- College of Natural Resources Management and Tourism, Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere University of Agriculture and Technology (MJNUAT), P.O Box 976, Musoma, Tanzania.
| | - Xiaohang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Shilong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guangle Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Eben Goodale
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiwu Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Multi-element and multi-isotopic profiles of Port and Douro wines as tracers for authenticity. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang Y, Li Y, Yang S, Liu J, Zheng W, Xu J, Cai H, Liu X. Source apportionment of soil heavy metals: A new quantitative framework coupling receptor model and stable isotopic ratios. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120291. [PMID: 36174813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tracing the source of heavy metals in soils is crucial for reversing the worrisome situation of heavy metal contamination. In this study, the origins of heavy metal pollution in soil were examined in a primary electronic waste treatment and disposal hub in China, using a synergistic source apportionment framework consisting of the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and the Bayesian stable-isotope analysis mixing model (MixSIAR). Industrial activity is significant to heavy metal contamination in both industrial park and farmland soils, however, the contribution varied through PMF model (industrial park, 64.2%; farmland, 35.6%). In the industrial park, Pb was identified as the major pollutant in the soils, and the local children suffered from noncarcinogenic risks. Moreover, the contribution of Pb contamination sources were allocated more accurately (electronic waste dismantling, 25.1%; industrial production, 23.7%; vehicle exhaust from leaded gasoline, 9.1%; vehicle exhaust from unleaded gasoline, 20.2%; natural process, 21.9%) using MixSIAR for the first time. The main soil contaminants in surrounding farmland were Cd, Cu, and Zn. The variations in heavy metal pollution sources in soils were found to be associated with local policies and regulations, such as the phasing out of leaded gasoline and the conversion of industrial park from electronic waste demolition switched to production and storage. The identification of the source of heavy metals in soil will support targeted reduction of the associated emissions, which can immediately help alleviating soil contamination and control human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiren Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shiyan Yang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wang Zheng
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongming Cai
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Pessoa I, Cunha B, Coelho M, Romero LF, Tavares AD, Antonioli L, Moterani AC. A Practical Procedure for Analysis of Lead Isotopes in Bivalve Shells Using Laser Ablation Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:1440-1451. [PMID: 36065937 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221120432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead, like other trace elements, is incorporated in the growing bands of bivalve shells. The chemicals stored into the shells can provide valuable information about seawater conditions during the period of shell formation. In this study, we present a practical approach to determine Pb isotopic signatures in bivalve shells as a tool for evaluating lead pollution in coastal waters. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, Pb isotopic fingerprinting in bivalve shell layers were investigated using laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS). Lead isotope ratios (208Pb/206Pb and 206Pb/207Pb) were measured along distinct sections of the maximum growth axis of the shells. Calibration and quantification of Pb isotopes were performed using NIST 612 as reference material. Our results demonstrated that Pb isotope ratios in the shells ranged from 1.143 to 1.201 for 206Pb/207Pb and from 2.061 to 2.161 for 208Pb/206Pb. The isotopic signatures recorded in the sample shells correspond to similar ranges of Pb signatures reported for marine sediments from the same study area. In general, this work shows that LA-MC-ICP-MS is a suitable technique for determining spatially resolved lead isotopic signatures in bivalve shells and that it can be used to estimate the origin of Pb pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pessoa
- 28130Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- 28133University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Bruno Cunha
- Institute of Geosciences, 28133University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Coelho
- 28130Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luzia Antonioli
- 28130Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gravina P, Sebastiani B, Bruschi F, Petroselli C, Moroni B, Selvaggi R, Goretti E, Pallottini M, Ludovisi A, Cappelletti D. Sources and trends of trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a shallow lake in the Mediterranean area from sediment archives of the Anthropocene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85815-85828. [PMID: 36125684 PMCID: PMC9668802 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the anthropogenic contamination in Trasimeno lake (Central Italy) was investigated using three sediment cores spanning over the last 150 years (Anthropocene) to identify the primary sources of pollution and quantify the level of contaminant enrichment in the basin. First, based on the relative cumulative frequency and linear regression methods, we obtained a geochemical baseline for the lake using the deeper parts of the sediment cores. The geochemical baseline allowed us to determine the values of trace elements enrichment factors. On this knowledge, as a second result, we were able to reconstruct the natural sources and the anthropogenic impact on the lake with a biennial resolution. This goal has been obtained by combining different inorganic and organic chemical proxies such as trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and lead isotope ratios and exploiting both principal component and factor analysis to associate chemical proxies to human-driven contamination processes. Five different groups of elements have been identified, one of which is of natural origin and four of anthropogenic origin. In particular, it was possible to identify the times and impacts of the industrial activities during the Second World War, which dispersed heavy metals in sediments. Moreover, we found evidence of the recent human activities that have characterized the surroundings of the basin, such as Pb inputs related to the use of gasoline and the enrichment of certain elements generally used in agricultural activities (such as P, Cu, and Mn) due to the development of this sector in the last 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gravina
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Sebastiani
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Federica Bruschi
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Chiara Petroselli
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Beatrice Moroni
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Enzo Goretti
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Matteo Pallottini
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - Alessandro Ludovisi
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
| | - David Cappelletti
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 60123 Umbria Italy
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Laycock A, Chenery S, Marchant E, Crabbe H, Saei A, Ruadze E, Watts M, Leonardi GS, Marczylo T. The Use of Pb Isotope Ratios to Determine Environmental Sources of High Blood Pb Concentrations in Children: A Feasibility Study in Georgia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15007. [PMID: 36429725 PMCID: PMC9690981 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of lead (Pb) poisoning in children in Georgia has been identified as a major health concern, with a recent national survey identifying that 41% of children aged 2-7 years had blood lead concentrations (BLCs) greater than the blood lead reference value (BLRV) of ≥5 µg dL-1. This study collected samples of blood, spices, paint, soil, dust, flour, tea, toys, milk, and water from 36 households in Georgia where a child had previously been identified as having a BLC > BLRV. The Pb concentrations of these samples were determined and compared to Georgian reference values. Samples from 3 households were analysed for their Pb isotope composition. The Pb isotope composition of the environmental and blood samples were compared to identify the most likely source(s) of Pb exposure. This approach identified that some spice and dust samples were the likely sources of Pb in the blood in these cases. Importantly, some soil, paint, and dust sources with high Pb concentrations could be discounted as contributing to blood Pb based on their distinct isotope composition. The data presented demonstrate the significant contribution that Pb surveillance and Pb isotope ratio analyses can make to managing Pb exposure in regions where high BLCs are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Laycock
- UK Health Security Agency, Chemical, Radiation and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Harwell Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Simon Chenery
- British Geological Survey, Kingsley Durham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Elizabeth Marchant
- UK Health Security Agency, Chemical, Radiation and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Harwell Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Helen Crabbe
- UK Health Security Agency, Chemical, Radiation and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Harwell Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Ayoub Saei
- UK Health Security Agency, Colindale, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Ekaterine Ruadze
- The National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, #99 Kakheti Highway, Tbilisi 0198, Georgia
| | - Michael Watts
- British Geological Survey, Kingsley Durham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Giovanni S. Leonardi
- UK Health Security Agency, Chemical, Radiation and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Harwell Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- UK Health Security Agency, Chemical, Radiation and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Harwell Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
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Morereau A, Jaegler H, Hain K, Steier P, Golser R, Beaumais A, Lepage H, Eyrolle F, Grosbois C, Cazala C, Gourgiotis A. Deciphering sources of U contamination using isotope ratio signatures in the Loire River sediments: Exploring the relevance of 233U/ 236U and stable Pb isotope ratios. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135658. [PMID: 35835235 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A broad range of contaminants has been recorded in sediments of the Loire River over the last century. Among a variety of anthropogenic activities of this nuclearized watershed, extraction of uranium and associated activities during more than 50 years as well as operation of several nuclear power plants led to industrial discharges, which could persist for decades in sedimentary archives of the Loire River. Highlighting and identifying the origin of radionuclides that transited during the last decades and were recorded in the sediments is challenging due to i) the low concentrations which are often close or below the detection limits of routine environmental surveys and ii) the mixing of different sources. The determination of the sources of anthropogenic radioactivity was performed using multi-isotopic fingerprints (236U/238U, 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb) and the newly developed 233U/236U tracer. For the first time 233U/236U data in a well-dated river sediment core in the French river Loire are reported here. Results highlight potential sources of contamination among which a clear signature of anthropogenic inputs related to two accidents of a former NUGG NPP that occurred in 1969 and 1980. The 233U and 236U isotopes were measured by recent high performance analytical methods due to their ultra-trace levels in the samples and show a negligible radiological impact on health and on the environment. The determination of mining activities by the use of stable Pb isotopes is still challenging probably owing to the limited dissemination of the Pb-bearing material marked by the U-ore signature downstream to the former U mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Morereau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Hugo Jaegler
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Karin Hain
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steier
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Golser
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aurélien Beaumais
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Hugo Lepage
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Frédérique Eyrolle
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Cécile Grosbois
- Université de Tours, EA 6293 Géohydrosystèmes Continentaux (GéHCO), Parc de Grandmont, 37200, Tours, Cedex, France
| | - Charlotte Cazala
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Alkiviadis Gourgiotis
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, SEDRE/LELI, BP 3, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
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48
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Ray I, Das R, Chua SL, Wang X. Seasonal variation of atmospheric Pb sources in Singapore - Elemental and lead isotopic compositions of PM 10 as source tracer. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136029. [PMID: 36028124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Southeast Asia has become a hotspot of anthropogenic particulate matter (PM) emissions due to increased coal combustion, high-temperature industrial operations, vehicular traffic, and agricultural biomass burning. Lead (Pb), a criteria pollutant, bound to such PM can be hazardous when inhaled, even at extremely low concentrations. Precise and accurate source apportionment of atmospheric Pb is thus, critical in order to minimize its exposure. This study investigates the sources of atmospheric Pb in Singapore aerosol samples (PM10) using Pb isotopes and elemental composition as tracers of contamination sources. PM10 aerosol sampling was conducted over a period of 1 year from June 2017 to May 2018 to capture the seasonal variations in sources of atmospheric Pb. Elemental concentrations reveal particularly high enrichment factors for Pb, Cu, V, Ni and Zn, especially when under the influence of southwest (SW) and inter monsoon (IM) winds. Pb isotopic ratios across the three seasons (206/207Pb = 1.147-1.150 and 208/207Pb = 2.420-2.428) are not significantly different. The Pb isotopic signatures and V/Ni ratios for all three seasons overlap with those of gasoline, diesel and ship emissions. Moreover, V/Pb values of more than unity for SW and IM winds suggest influence of transboundary coal combustion emissions particularly from Indonesia. Consequently, using Pb isotopic fingerprints and elemental ratios, we find that the primary sources of atmospheric Pb are vehicular & ship emissions, heavy oil combustion, transboundary coal combustion emissions, waste incineration and recirculation of historic leaded gasoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iravati Ray
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Song Lin Chua
- Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Luo J, Xing W, Ippolito JA, Zhao L, Han K, Wang Y, Qiu K, Li L. Bioaccessibility, source and human health risk of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in windowsill dusts from an area affected by long-term Pb smelting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156707. [PMID: 35718186 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-ferrous metal smelting results in heterogenous spatial distribution of potentially toxic metals (PTM) near smelters. In this work, windowsill dusts were collected from smelting (SA) and urban (UJ) sub-areas of Jiyuan (a city affected by >70 years of Pb smelting) to investigate PTM source and bioaccessibility. The <10 μm fraction of dusts were analyzed for total and bioaccessible Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations; bioaccessibility was analyzed by a three-stage assay (i.e., lung phase, gastric phase and gastrointestinal phase) using artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, L phase) followed by simulated gastric and gastrointestinal fluids (G and GI phases). This assay mimicked the movement of particles phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system, then transported up the oropharynx and subsequently swallowed and transported into the digestive system. Zinc had greater bioaccessible concentrations in L and GI phases than other metals, and the mean L phase bioaccessible PTM concentrations in SA were greater than in UJ. The mean L + GI phase bioaccessible concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in SA were 280, 79, 124 and 1458 mg kg-1, while those in UJ were 215, 54, 116 and 598 mg kg-1, respectively. The L phase extracted 87.7 to 98.8 % of PTM within the L + GI assay. Lead had a lower L + GI bioaccessibility than Cd, Cu and Zn (70-76 % vs. 82-92 %). Higher tolerable Cd carcinogenic risks based on bioaccessibility were found in SA sub-area than in UJ while no carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risk was found for other metals. Lead isotopic ratios indicated that both Pb ore and smelting bottom ash contributed to dust Pb accumulation in SA, while coal burning, lead ore, Pb smelting bottom ash and diesel engine exhaust contributed to dust Pb accumulation in UJ. Overall, results indicated heterogenous distribution of PTM source and bioaccessibility in the vicinity of Pb smelters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Weiqin Xing
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - James A Ippolito
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Ke Han
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Yale Wang
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Kunyan Qiu
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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50
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Hiller E, Pilková Z, Filová L, Mihaljevič M, Špirová V, Jurkovič Ľ. Metal(loid) concentrations, bioaccessibility and stable lead isotopes in soils and vegetables from urban community gardens. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135499. [PMID: 35777541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Community gardens are "green oases" of recent cities with many benefits for human society. From a human health perspective, these benefits can be damaged by chemical contamination of soil and cultivated vegetables. Using geochemical approaches, this study characterised (i) total metal(loid) concentrations in soils and two commonly grown vegetables in urban community gardens (Bratislava, Slovakia), (ii) gastrointestinal bioaccessibility using a modified physiologically based extraction test (PBET), and (iii) stable lead (Pb) isotopes in order to identify sources of metal(loid)s, solubilisation in the human body and migration of Pb from soil to vegetables. While some soils could be considered contaminated when compared to the Slovak legislation for agricultural soil, the bioaccessibility of metal(loid)s did not exceed 20% in the intestinal phase, with the exception of cadmium (Cd). Tomatoes and lettuce contained low total and bioaccessible concentrations of metal(loid)s, being safe for people who consume their own grown vegetables. There were differences in Pb isotope composition among bulk soils, vegetables and bioaccessible Pb, with less radiogenic Pb being preferentially mobilised. Statistical methods considering the compositional nature of the geochemical data and the enrichment factor (EF) distinguished well metal(loid)s of natural origin (As, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, V) from those with anthropogenic contributions. This research has shown the usefulness of integrating different methodologies to better understand the geochemistry of metal(loid)s in urban soils with their highly diversified sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Hiller
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Zuzana Pilková
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Filová
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina 1, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Mihaljevič
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Špirová
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Jurkovič
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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