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Muanprasong S, Aqilah S, Hermayurisca F, Taneepanichskul N. Effectiveness of Asthma Home Management Manual and Low-Cost Air Filter on Quality of Life Among Asthma Adults: A 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:2613-2622. [PMID: 38813091 PMCID: PMC11134058 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s397388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma affects the quality of life (QoL) of millions of people worldwide. Effective control is paramount to a decline in prevalence and severity. To address this, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an asthma home management manual and low-cost air filter in improving resource-limited settings. Patients and Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted between March to July 2022. The participants were 18-55 years old outpatient with asthmatic patients. A total of 114 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: home management only, home management and air filtering, and control. Validated measurement tools were applied, and the Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate changes in QoL. Results Asthma burden was found in at least one-third of participants in each group. At baseline, there was no difference in mAQLQ scores among participants in all group allocations (p-value > 0.05), and the air filter group had an increase in the total mAQLQ score (p-value = 0.044) and post-intervention activity quality of life (p-value = 0.002). The environmental quality of life increased post-intervention (p-value = 0.004) and remained higher after four weeks of follow-up compared to baseline (p-value = 0.041) in the home management group participants. Conclusion The findings indicate that the enforcement of a home management manual and the application of low-cost filters in air circulation systems offer advantages in improving the quality of life of patients with moderate and mild asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirilak Muanprasong
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Syarifah Aqilah
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Nutta Taneepanichskul
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- HAUS IAQ Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Yatoo AM, Hamid B, Sheikh TA, Ali S, Bhat SA, Ramola S, Ali MN, Baba ZA, Kumar S. Global perspective of municipal solid waste and landfill leachate: generation, composition, eco-toxicity, and sustainable management strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:23363-23392. [PMID: 38443532 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Globally, more than 2 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated each year, with that amount anticipated to reach around 3.5 billion tonnes by 2050. On a worldwide scale, food and green waste contribute the major proportion of MSW, which accounts for 44% of global waste, followed by recycling waste (38%), which includes plastic, glass, cardboard, and paper, and 18% of other materials. Population growth, urbanization, and industrial expansion are the principal drivers of the ever-increasing production of MSW across the world. Among the different practices employed for the management of waste, landfill disposal has been the most popular and easiest method across the world. Waste management practices differ significantly depending on the income level. In high-income nations, only 2% of waste is dumped, whereas in low-income nations, approximately 93% of waste is burned or dumped. However, the unscientific disposal of waste in landfills causes the generation of gases, heat, and leachate and results in a variety of ecotoxicological problems, including global warming, water pollution, fire hazards, and health effects that are hazardous to both the environment and public health. Therefore, sustainable management of MSW and landfill leachate is critical, necessitating the use of more advanced techniques to lessen waste production and maximize recycling to assure environmental sustainability. The present review provides an updated overview of the global perspective of municipal waste generation, composition, landfill heat and leachate formation, and ecotoxicological effects, and also discusses integrated-waste management approaches for the sustainable management of municipal waste and landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohd Yatoo
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Basharat Hamid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tahir Ahmad Sheikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Wadura, 193201, India
| | - Shafat Ali
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Centre, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
- Waste Re-Processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Sudipta Ramola
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Md Niamat Ali
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Baba
- Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Wadura, 193201, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Waste Re-Processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
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Zheng H, Csemezová J, Loomans M, Walker S, Gauvin F, Zeiler W. Species profile of volatile organic compounds emission and health risk assessment from typical indoor events in daycare centers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170734. [PMID: 38325455 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Daycare centers (DCCs) play an instrumental role in early childhood development, making them a significant indoor environment for a large number of children globally. Amidst routine DCC activities, young children are exposed to a myriad of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), potentially impacting their health. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the VOC emissions during typical DCCs activities and evaluate respective health risk assessments. Employing a full-scale experimental setup within a well-controlled climate chamber, research was conducted into VOC emissions during three typical DCC events: arts-and-crafts (painting, gluing, modeling), cleaning, and sleeping activities tied to mattresses. The research identified 96 distinct VOCs, grouped into twelve categories, from 20 different events examined. Each event exhibited a unique VOC fingerprint, pinpointing potential source tracers. Also, significant variations in VOC emissions from different events were demonstrated. For instance, under cool & dry conditions, acrylic painting recorded high total VOC concentrations of 808 μg/m3, whereas poster painting showed only 58 μg/m3. Given these disparities, the study emphasizes the critical need for carefully selecting arts-and-crafts materials and cleaning agents in DCCs to effectively reduce VOC exposure. It suggests ventilating new mattresses before use and regular mattress check-ups to mitigate VOCs exposure during naps. Importantly, it revealed that certain events resulted in VOC levels exceeding the 10-5 cancer risk thresholds for younger children. Specifically, tetrachloroethylene and styrene from used mattresses in cool & dry conditions, ethylene oxide from new mattresses in warm & humid conditions, and styrene, during sand modeling in both conditions, were the key compounds contributing to this risk. These findings highlight the critical need for age-specific health risk assessments in DCCs. This study highlights the significance of understanding the profiles of VOC emissions from indoor events in DCCs, emphasizing potential health implications and laying a solid foundation for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zheng
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Júlia Csemezová
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Loomans
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Shalika Walker
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Florent Gauvin
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Zeiler
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Bowman WS, Schmidt RJ, Sanghar GK, Thompson Iii GR, Ji H, Zeki AA, Haczku A. "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 2: Wildfire Smoke and Airway Disease - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:617-630. [PMID: 38527432 DOI: 10.1159/000536576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population growth and climate change have led to more frequent and larger wildfires, increasing the exposure of individuals to wildfire smoke. Notably, asthma exacerbations and allergic airway sensitization are prominent outcomes of such exposure. SUMMARY Key research questions relate to determining the precise impact on individuals with asthma, including the severity, duration, and long-term consequences of exacerbations. Identifying specific risk factors contributing to vulnerability, such as age, genetics, comorbidities, or environmental factors, is crucial. Additionally, reliable biomarkers for predicting severe exacerbations need exploration. Understanding the long-term health effects of repeated wildfire smoke exposures in individuals with asthma and addressing healthcare disparities are important research areas. KEY MESSAGES This review discusses the need for comprehensive research efforts to better grasp wildfire smoke-induced respiratory health, particularly in vulnerable populations such as farmworkers, firefighters, pregnant women, children, the elderly, and marginalized communities. Effective mitigation would require addressing the current limitations we face by supporting research aimed at a better understanding of wildfire smoke-induced airway disease.
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Bowman WS, Schmidt RJ, Sanghar GK, Thompson Iii GR, Ji H, Zeki AA, Haczku A. "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 1: Wildfire-Smoke-Induced Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:600-616. [PMID: 38452750 DOI: 10.1159/000536578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfires are a global concern due to their wide-ranging environmental, economic, and public health impacts. Climate change contributes to an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires making smoke exposure a more significant and recurring health concern for individuals with airway diseases. Some of the most prominent effects of wildfire smoke exposure are asthma exacerbations and allergic airway sensitization. Likely due to the delayed recognition of its health impacts in comparison with cigarette smoke and industrial or traffic-related air pollution, research on the composition, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the cellular/molecular pathways involved is poor or non-existent. SUMMARY This review discusses potential underlying pathological mechanisms of wildfire-smoke-related allergic airway disease and asthma. We focused on major gaps in understanding the role of wildfire smoke composition in the development of airway disease and the known and potential mechanisms involving cellular and molecular players of oxidative injury at the epithelial barrier in airway inflammation. We examine how PM2.5, VOCs, O3, endotoxin, microbes, and toxic gases may affect oxidative stress and inflammation in the respiratory mucosal barrier. We discuss the role of AhR in mediating smoke's effects in alarmin release and IL-17A production and how glucocorticoid responsiveness may be impaired by IL-17A-induced signaling and epigenetic changes leading to steroid-resistant severe airway inflammation. KEY MESSAGE Effective mitigation of wildfire-smoke-related respiratory health effects would require comprehensive research efforts aimed at a better understanding of the immune regulatory effects of wildfire smoke in respiratory health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis S Bowman
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gursharan K Sanghar
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - George R Thompson Iii
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Amir A Zeki
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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Jiang M, Yan L, Li M, Ye F, Shang E, Sun S, Fan X. Computer-aided investigation of Traditional Chinese Medicine mechanisms: A case study of San-Ao decoction in asthma treatment. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107868. [PMID: 38211384 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The San-Ao Decoction (SAD) is a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula used to alleviate respiratory symptoms, including asthma. However, its precise mechanisms of action have remained largely unknown. In this study, we utilized computer-aided approaches to explore these mechanisms. Firstly, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of SAD, which allowed us to identify the 28 main ingredients. Then, we employed computer simulations to investigate the potential active ingredients of SAD and the corresponding binding sites of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). The simulations revealed that D509 and D647 were the potential binding sites for TRPV1. Notably, molecular dynamics (MD) studies indicated that site D509 may function as an allosteric site of TRPV1. Furthermore, to validate the computer-aided predictions, we performed experimental studies, including in vitro and in vivo assays. The results of these experiments confirmed the predictions made by our computational models, providing further evidence for the mechanisms of action of San-Ao Decoction in asthma treatment. Our findings demonstrated that: i) D509 and D647 of TRPV1 are the key binding sites for the main ingredients of SAD; ii) SAD or its main ingredients significantly reduce the influx of Ca2+ through TRPV1, following the TCM principle of "Jun, Chen, Zuo, Shi"; iii) SAD shows efficiency in comprehensive in vivo validation. In conclusion, our computer-aided investigation of San-Ao Decoction in asthma treatment has provided valuable insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of this TCM formula. The combination of computational analysis and experimental validation has proven effective in enhancing our understanding of TCM and may pave the way for future discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengwen Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanliang Sun
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xinsheng Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Ortega-Rosas CI, Gutiérrez-Ruacho OG, Brito-Castillo L, Calderón-Ezquerro MC, Guerrero-Guerra C, Amaya-García V. Five-year airborne pollen calendar for a Sonoran Desert city and the relationships with meteorological variability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:1853-1868. [PMID: 37718383 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Aerobiological studies are still scarce in northwestern Mexico where allergenic pollen have great impacts on health. Current global pollution and climate change problems are closely related to many allergic diseases, enhancing the need to continue researching these issues and improve life quality. This study provides the first Pollen Calendar for Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Airborne pollen were continuously collected for 5 years (2015-2019). The standardized methodology with a Hirst-type spore trap proposed for global aerobiological studies was used. Weather data were also taken from a station located in the city and used to explore correlations between climate and airborne pollen concentrations in different seasons. The most important pollen taxa recorded in air belongs to herbaceous pollen, such as Poaceae, Ambrosia, Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, and some shrub trees typical of this arid region, such as Nyctaginaceae, Prosopis, Parkinsonia, and Fabaceae. The most critical herbaceous pollen related to allergies have a long mean pollen season throughout the years, and the most critical periods with high pollen concentration in air occur in two seasons, spring (March-April) and summer-fall (August-October). In these 5 years, the correlation analyses for these two peaks indicate that a link exists between pollen in the air and decreases in precipitation and temperatures, and an increase in relative humidity. An inter-annual variability in pollen concentrations was recorded related to different weather conditions. Although pollen calendars are location-specific, they are useful for future research on biological air quality scenarios in different cities. Using this standardized method for other regions can provide pollen calendars that have been proven clinically important in allergic disease management worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Ortega-Rosas
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - O G Gutiérrez-Ruacho
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico
| | - L Brito-Castillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C., Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico
| | - M C Calderón-Ezquerro
- Red Mexicana de Aerobiología, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera Y Cambio Climático, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Guerrero-Guerra
- Red Mexicana de Aerobiología, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera Y Cambio Climático, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Amaya-García
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico
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Ronaldson A, Stewart R, Mueller C, Das-Munshi J, Newbury JB, Mudway IS, Broadbent M, Fisher HL, Beevers S, Dajnak D, Hotopf M, Hatch SL, Bakolis I. Associations between air pollution and mental health service use in dementia: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 26:e300762. [PMID: 37550086 PMCID: PMC10577765 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2023-300762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the role of air pollution in how people with dementia use mental health services. OBJECTIVE We examined longitudinal associations between air pollution exposure and mental health service use in people with dementia. METHODS In 5024 people aged 65 years or older with dementia in South London, high resolution estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels in ambient air were linked to residential addresses. Associations between air pollution and Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) events (recorded over 9 years) were examined using negative binomial regression models. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and health and social functioning was measured using the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scale (HoNOS65+). Associations between air pollution and both MMSE and HoNOS65+ scores were assessed using linear regression models. FINDINGS In the first year of follow-up, increased exposure to all air pollutants was associated with an increase in the use of CMHTs in a dose-response manner. These associations were strongest when we compared the highest air pollution quartile (quartile 4: Q4) with the lowest quartile (Q1) (eg, NO2: adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 1.27, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.45, p<0.001). Dose-response patterns between PM2.5 and CMHT events remained at 5 and 9 years. Associations were strongest for patients with vascular dementia. NO2 levels were linked with poor functional status, but not cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS Residential air pollution exposure is associated with increased CMHT usage among people with dementia. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Efforts to reduce pollutant exposures in urban settings might reduce the use of mental health services in people with dementia, freeing up resources in already considerably stretched psychiatric services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ronaldson
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christoph Mueller
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jayati Das-Munshi
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joanne B Newbury
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ian S Mudway
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Broadbent
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Helen L Fisher
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sean Beevers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David Dajnak
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephani L Hatch
- Department of Psychological Medicine, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
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9
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Deng R, Zhu Y, Wu X, Wang M. Toxicity and Mechanisms of Engineered Nanoparticles in Animals with Established Allergic Asthma. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3489-3508. [PMID: 37404851 PMCID: PMC10317527 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s411804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that is highly sensitive to environmental pollutants, including engineered nanoparticles (NPs). Exposure to NPs has become a growing concern for human health, especially for susceptible populations. Toxicological studies have demonstrated strong associations between ubiquitous NPs and allergic asthma. In this review, we analyze articles that focus on adverse health effects induced by NPs in animal models of allergic asthma to highlight their critical role in asthma. We also integrate potential mechanisms that could stimulate and aggravate asthma by NPs. The toxic effects of NPs are influenced by their physicochemical properties, exposure dose, duration, route, as well as the exposure order between NPs and allergens. The toxic mechanisms involve oxidative stress, various inflammasomes, antigen presenting cells, immune cells, and signaling pathways. We suggest that future research should concentrate on establishing standardized models, exploring mechanistic insights at the molecular level, assessing the combined effects of binary exposures, and determining safe exposure levels of NPs. This work provides concrete evidence of the hazards posed by NPs in animals with compromised respiratory health and supports the modifying role of NPs exposure in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Deng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingpu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, People’s Republic of China
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Tang T, Li Z, Cheng YF, Xie HG, Wang XX, Chen YL, Cheng L, Liang Y, Hu XY, Hung CM, Hoa ND, Yu H, Zhang BY, Xu K, Ou JZ. In-situ mechanochemically tailorable 2D gallium oxyselenide for enhanced optoelectronic NO 2 gas sensing at room temperature. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131184. [PMID: 36933506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of NO2 on the environment and human health promote the development of high-performance gas sensors to address the need for monitoring. Two-dimensional (2D) metal chalcogenides have been considered an emerging group of NO2-sensitive materials, while incomplete recovery and low long-term stability are the two major hurdles for their practical implementation. The transformation into oxychalcogenides is an effective strategy to alleviate these drawbacks, but usually requires multiple-step synthesis and lacks controllability. Here, we prepare tailorable 2D p-type gallium oxyselenide with the thicknesses of 3-4 nm, through a single-step mechanochemical synthesis that combines the in-situ exfoliation and oxidation of bulk crystals. The optoelectronic NO2 sensing performances of such 2D gallium oxyselenide with different oxygen contents are investigated at room temperature, in which 2D GaSe0.58O0.42 exhibits the largest response magnitude of 82.2% towards 10 ppm NO2 at the irradiation of UV, with full reversibility, excellent selectivity, and long term stability for at least one month. Such overall performances are significantly improved over those of reported oxygen-incorporated metal chalcogenide-based NO2 sensors. This work provides a feasible approach to prepare 2D metal oxychalcogenides in a single-step manner and demonstrates their great potential for room-temperature fully reversible gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China.
| | - Yin Fen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hua Guang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xuan Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yong Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xin Yi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Chu Manh Hung
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Duc Hoa
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Bao Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
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11
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Pan Q, Liu QY, Zheng J, Li YH, Xiang S, Sun XJ, He XS. Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in landfill gas: Composition characteristics and health risks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107886. [PMID: 36989764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gas emitted from landfills contains a large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), some of which are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic, thereby posing a serious threat to the health of landfill workers and nearby residents. However, the global hazards of VOCs and SVOCs in landfill gas to human health remain unclear. To quantify the global risk distributions of these pollutants, we collected the composition and concentration data of VOCs and SVOCs from 72 landfills in 20 countries from the core database of Web of Science and assessed their human health risks as well as analyzed their influencing factors. Organic compounds in landfill gas were found to primarily result from the biodegradation of natural organic waste or the emissions and volatilization of chemical products, with the concentration range of 1 × 10-1-1 × 106 μg/m3. The respiratory system, in particular, lung was the major target organ of VOCs and SVOCs, with additional adverse health impacts ranging from headache and allergies to lung cancer. Aromatic and halogenated compounds were the primary sources of health risk, while ethyl acetate and acetone from the biodegradation of natural organic waste also exceeded the acceptable levels for human health. Overall, VOCs and SVOCs affected residents within 1,000 m of landfills. Air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind direction, and wind speed were the major factors that influenced the health risks of VOCs and SVOCs. Currently, landfill risk assessments of VOCs and SVOCs are primarily based on respiratory inhalation, with health risks due to other exposure routes remaining poorly elucidated. In addition, potential health risks due to the transport and transformation of landfill gas emitted into the atmosphere should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Song Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiao-Song He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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12
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Ceulemans T, Verscheure P, Shadouh C, Van Acker K, Devleesschauwer B, Linard C, Dendoncker N, Speybroeck N, Bruffaerts N, Honnay O, Schrijvers R, Aerts R. Environmental degradation and the increasing burden of allergic disease: The need to determine the impact of nitrogen pollution. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1063982. [PMID: 36819832 PMCID: PMC9932044 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1063982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ceulemans
- Department Biology, UAntwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium,Division Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paulien Verscheure
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Shadouh
- Institut de Recherche Santé et Societé, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Kasper Van Acker
- Division Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology, and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | | | - Niko Speybroeck
- Institut de Recherche Santé et Societé, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier Honnay
- Division Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raf Aerts
- Division Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium,Correspondence: Raf Aerts
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13
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Fang C, Li Z, Shi W, Wang J. Analysis of Pollution Characteristics and Emissions Reduction Measures in the Main Cotton Area of Xinjiang. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2273. [PMID: 36767639 PMCID: PMC9915229 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With cotton production in Xinjiang increasing annually, the impact on the environment of agricultural waste produced to improve production has been reflected. This study selected Bozhou of Xinjiang, the main cotton producing region in northern Xinjiang, as the research object, and collected hourly concentration data of six pollutants from 2017 to 2021, and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of each pollutant. At the same time, Morlet wavelet analysis was used to further analyze the variation period of PM2.5 (PM particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm) concentration. The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model was used to evaluate the emissions reduction measures for the most polluted month. The results showed that the concentration of particulate matter (PM particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm and 10 μm) decreased from the southern mountains to the north; moreover, the concentrations of CO (carbon monoxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), and SO2 (sulfur dioxide) in the suburbs were higher than those in the urban center. The concentration of O3 (Ozone) was the highest in summer, while the concentrations of other pollutants were high in autumn and winter. Under the time scale of a = 13, 24, PM2.5 had significant periodic fluctuation. The health risk values of PM2.5 and PM10 in this study were within the scope of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) criteria, but it is still necessary to keep a close watch on them. In the context of emissions reduction measures, agricultural sources reduced by 20%, residential sources by 40%, industrial sources by 20%, and transportation sources by 20%; no change in the power source remains. Under these conditions, the daily average value of each pollutant met the first level of the national ambient air quality standard. The research results provide a reference for the local government to formulate heavy pollution emissions reduction policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Fang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhuoqiong Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Weihao Shi
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ju Wang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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14
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Yuan Y, Zhang X, Zhao J, Shen F, Nie D, Wang B, Wang L, Xing M, Hegglin MI. Characteristics, health risks, and premature mortality attributable to ambient air pollutants in four functional areas in Jining, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1075262. [PMID: 36741959 PMCID: PMC9893643 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1075262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the leading causes for global deaths and understanding pollutant emission sources is key to successful mitigation policies. Air quality data in the urban, suburban, industrial, and rural areas (UA, SA, IA, and RA) of Jining, Shandong Province in China, were collected to compare the characteristics and associated health risks. The average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO show differences of -3.87, -16.67, -19.24, -15.74, and -8.37% between 2017 and 2018. On the contrary, O3 concentrations increased by 4.50%. The four functional areas exhibited the same seasonal variations and diurnal patterns in air pollutants, with the highest exposure excess risks (ERs) resulting from O3. More frequent ER days occurred within the 25-30°C, but much larger ERs are found within the 0-5°C temperature range, attributed to higher O3 pollution in summer and more severe PM pollution in winter. The premature deaths attributable to six air pollutants can be calculated in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Investigations on the potential source show that the ER of O3 (r of 0.86) had the tightest association with the total ER. The bivariate polar plots indicated that the highest health-based air quality index (HAQI) in IA influences the HAQI in UA and SA by pollution transport, and thus can be regarded as the major pollutant emission source in Jining. The above results indicate that urgent measures should be taken to reduce O3 pollution taking into account the characteristics of the prevalent ozone formation regime, especially in IA in Jining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Jining Meteorological Bureau, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Jining Meteorological Bureau, Shandong, China
| | | | - Fuzhen Shen
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-7: Stratosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany,Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Fuzhen Shen ✉
| | - Dongyang Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Henley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Wang
- Jining Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyue Xing
- Business School, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Liaoning, China
| | - Michaela I. Hegglin
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-7: Stratosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany,Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Michaela I. Hegglin ✉
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15
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Singh B, Pandey P, Wabaidur SM, Avtar R, Kumar P, Rahman S. Substantial changes in Gaseous pollutants and health effects during COVID-19 in Delhi, India. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14489. [PMID: 36643637 PMCID: PMC9835704 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease has affected the entire population worldwide in terms of physical and environmental consequences. Therefore, the current study demonstrates the changes in the concentration of gaseous pollutants and their health effects during the COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi, the national capital city of India. Methodology In the present study, secondary data on gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ammonia (NH3), and ozone (O3) were collected from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) on a daily basis. Data were collected from January 1, 2020, to September 30, 2020, to determine the relative changes (%) in gaseous pollutants for pre-lockdown, lockdown, and unlockdown stages of COVID-19. Results The current findings for gaseous pollutants reveal that concentration declined in the range of 51%-83% (NO), 40%-69% (NOx), 31%-60% (NO2), and 25%-40% (NH3) during the lockdown compared to pre-lockdown period, respectively. The drastic decrease in gaseous pollutants was observed due to restricted measures during lockdown periods. The level of ozone was observed to be higher during the lockdown periods as compared to the pre-lockdown period. These gaseous pollutants are linked between the health risk assessment and hazard identification for non-carcinogenic. However, in infants (0-1 yr), Health Quotient (HQ) for daily and annual groups was found to be higher than the rest of the exposed group (toddlers, children, and adults) in all the periods. Conclusion The air quality values for pre-lockdown were calculated to be "poor category to "very poor" category in all zones of Delhi, whereas, during the lockdown period, the air quality levels for all zones were calculated as "satisfactory," except for Northeast Delhi, which displayed the "moderate" category. The computed HQ for daily chronic exposure for each pollutant across the child and adult groups was more than 1 (HQ > 1), which indicated a high probability to induce adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Singh
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability (Institute of Eminence), University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India,Deshbandhu College, Department of Environmental Science, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Puneeta Pandey
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ram Avtar
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shakilur Rahman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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16
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Stawoska I, Myszkowska D, Oliwa J, Skoczowski A, Wesełucha-Birczyńska A, Saja-Garbarz D, Ziemianin M. Air pollution in the places of Betula pendula growth and development changes the physicochemical properties and the main allergen content of its pollen. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279826. [PMID: 36696393 PMCID: PMC9876359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen allergy becomes an increasing problem for humans, especially in the regions, where the air pollution level increases due to the traffic and urbanization. These factors may also affect the physiological activity of plants, causing changes in pollen allergenicity. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of air pollutants on the chemical composition of birch pollen and the secondary structures of the Bet v1 protein. The research was conducted in seven locations in Malopolska region, South of Poland of a different pollution level. We have found slight fluctuations in the values of parameters describing the photosynthetic light reactions, similar spectra of leaf reflectance and the negligible differences in the discrimination values of the δ13C carbon isotope were found. The obtained results show a minor effect of a degree of pollution on the physiological condition B. pendula specimen. On the other hand, mean Bet v1 concentration measured in pollen samples collected in Kraków was significantly higher than in less polluted places (p = .03886), while FT-Raman spectra showed the most distinct variations in the wavenumbers characteristic of proteins. Pollen collected at sites of the increased NOx and PM concentration, show the highest percentage values of potential aggregated forms and antiparallel β-sheets in the expense of α-helix, presenting a substantial impact on chemical compounds of pollen, Bet v1 concentration and on formation of the secondary structure of proteins, what can influence their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Stawoska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Myszkowska
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Oliwa
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | - Diana Saja-Garbarz
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Ziemianin
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- * E-mail:
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17
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Lee YS, Park GS, Ko SH, Yang WK, Seo HJ, Kim SH, Jeong N, Kang J. Lactobacillus paracasei ATG-E1 improves particulate matter 10 plus diesel exhaust particles (PM 10D)-induced airway inflammation by regulating immune responses. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1145546. [PMID: 37180255 PMCID: PMC10174254 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure can adversely affect respiratory function. Probiotics can alleviate the inflammatory responses in respiratory diseases. We examined the protective effects of Lactobacillus paracasei ATG-E1 isolated from the feces of a newborn baby against airway inflammation in a PM10 plus diesel exhaust particle (DEP) (PM10D)-induced airway inflammation model. BALB/c mice were exposed to PM10D by intranasal injection three times at 3-day intervals for 12 days, and L. paracasei ATG-E1 was administered orally for 12 days. Analysis of immune cell population and expression of various inflammatory mediators and gut barrier-related genes were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung, peyer's patch, and small intestine. A histological analysis of the lungs was performed. In addition, the in vitro safety and their safety in genomic analyses were examined. L. paracasei ATG-E1 was found to be safe in vitro and by genomic analysis. L. paracasei ATG-E1 suppressed neutrophil infiltration and the number of CD4+, CD4+CD69+, CD62L-CD44+high, CD21/35+B220+, and Gr-1+CD11b+ cells, as well as the expression of inflammatory mediators, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, interleukin (IL)-17a, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 in BALF and lungs in PM10D-induced airway inflammation. It protected against histopathological damage in the lungs of mice with PM10D-induced airway inflammation. L. paracasei ATG-E1 concomitantly increased the expression levels of the gut barrier function-related genes occludin, claudin-1, and IL-10 in the small intestine, with an increased number of CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ immune cells in the peyer's patch. L. paracasei ATG-E1 suppressed immune activation and airway inflammatory responses in the airways and lungs by restoring the lung damage by PM10D. It also regulated intestinal immunity and ameliorated the gut barrier function in the ileum. These results indicate the potential of L. paracasei ATG-E1 as an protective and therapeutic agent against airway inflammation and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sil Lee
- AtoGen Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Young-Sil Lee,
| | | | | | - Won-Kyung Yang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Seo
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Jeong
- AtoGen Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kang
- AtoGen Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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18
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Fu Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Li H, Deng F, Ma Q. Association and interaction of O 3 and NO 2 with emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in Beijing, China: a time-series study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2265. [PMID: 36464692 PMCID: PMC9721066 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the two main gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere that act as oxidants. Their short-term effects and interaction on emergency room visits (ERVs) for respiratory diseases remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a time-series study based on 144,326 ERVs for respiratory diseases of Peking University Third Hospital from 2014 to 2019 in Beijing, China. Generalized additive models with quasi-Poisson regression were performed to analyze the association of O3, NO2 and their composite indicators (Ox and Oxwt) with ERVs for respiratory diseases. An interaction model was further performed to evaluate the interaction between O3 and NO2. RESULTS Exposure to O3, NO2, Ox and Oxwt was positively associated with ERVs for total respiratory diseases and acute upper respiratory infection (AURI). For instance, a 10 μg/m3 increase in O3 and NO2 were associated with 0.93% (95%CI: 0.05%, 1.81%) and 5.87% (95%CI: 3.92%, 7.85%) increase in AURI at lag0-5 days, respectively. Significant linear exposure-response relationships were observed in Ox and Oxwt over the entire concentration range. In stratification analysis, stronger associations were observed in the group aged < 18 years for both O3 and NO2, in the warm season for O3, but in the cold season for NO2. In interaction analysis, the effect of O3 on total respiratory emergency room visits and AURI visits was the strongest at high levels (> 75% quantile) of NO2 in the < 18 years group. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to O3 and NO2 was positively associated with ERVs for respiratory diseases, particularly in younger people (< 18 years). This study for the first time demonstrated the synergistic effect of O3 and NO2 on respiratory ERVs, and Ox and Oxwt may be potential proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Fu
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Wenlou Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yan Li
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Hongyu Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Furong Deng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Qingbian Ma
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
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Ronaldson A, Arias de la Torre J, Ashworth M, Hansell AL, Hotopf M, Mudway I, Stewart R, Dregan A, Bakolis I. Associations between air pollution and multimorbidity in the UK Biobank: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1035415. [PMID: 36530697 PMCID: PMC9755180 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1035415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term exposure to air pollution concentrations is known to be adversely associated with a broad range of single non-communicable diseases, but its role in multimorbidity has not been investigated in the UK. We aimed to assess associations between long-term air pollution exposure and multimorbidity status, severity, and patterns using the UK Biobank cohort. Methods Multimorbidity status was calculated based on 41 physical and mental conditions. We assessed cross-sectional associations between annual modeled particulate matter (PM)2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations (μg/m3-modeled to residential address) and multimorbidity status at the baseline assessment (2006-2010) in 364,144 people (mean age: 52.2 ± 8.1 years, 52.6% female). Air pollutants were categorized into quartiles to assess dose-response associations. Among those with multimorbidity (≥2 conditions; n = 156,395) we assessed associations between air pollutant exposure levels and multimorbidity severity and multimorbidity patterns, which were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Associations were explored using generalized linear models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and environmental indicators. Results Higher exposures to PM2.5, and NO2 were associated with multimorbidity status in a dose-dependent manner. These associations were strongest when we compared the highest air pollution quartile (quartile 4: Q4) with the lowest quartile (Q1) [PM2.5: adjusted odds ratio (adjOR) = 1.21 (95% CI = 1.18, 1.24); NO2: adjOR = 1.19 (95 % CI = 1.16, 1.23)]. We also observed dose-response associations between air pollutant exposures and multimorbidity severity scores. We identified 11 multimorbidity patterns. Air pollution was associated with several multimorbidity patterns with strongest associations (Q4 vs. Q1) observed for neurological (stroke, epilepsy, alcohol/substance dependency) [PM2.5: adjOR = 1.31 (95% CI = 1.14, 1.51); NO2: adjOR = 1.33 (95% CI = 1.11, 1.60)] and respiratory patterns (COPD, asthma) [PM2.5: adjOR = 1.24 (95% CI = 1.16, 1.33); NO2: adjOR = 1.26 (95% CI = 1.15, 1.38)]. Conclusions This cross-sectional study provides evidence that exposure to air pollution might be associated with having multimorbid, multi-organ conditions. Longitudinal studies are needed to further explore these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ronaldson
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Arias de la Torre
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Mark Ashworth
- School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna L. Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Environmental Exposures and Health at the University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, IoPPN and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Mudway
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Health Protection Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Stewart
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, IoPPN and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Dregan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, IoPPN and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, IoPPN, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Long H. How Does Environmental Information Disclosure Affect Public Health? Evidence from the New Ambient Air Quality Standards. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15141. [PMID: 36429860 PMCID: PMC9690995 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using a quasi-natural experiment of the implementation of the new Ambient Air Quality Standards in China, this paper assessed the impact of environmental information disclosure on public health. Our empirical results showed that environmental information disclosure (EID) largely improved both physical health and mental health. Moreover, we further investigated the air pollution channel, and the empirical results showed that EID could reduce the concentration of PM2.5, which could cause an increase in public health as the concentration of PM2.5 decreases. In addition, in terms of individual characteristics, the impact of EID was larger for men, people living in the countryside and people older than 60. In terms of the heterogeneity of cities, the impact of EID was larger in cities with higher public environmental concerns, and the impact of EID was more pronounced in core cities. For regional heterogeneity, the impact of EID on physical health was more pronounced in more developed regions, whereas the impact EID on mental health was higher in less developed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Accounting School, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Accounting School, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Zongyi Zhang
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hongyu Long
- Nanyang Technopreneurship Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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21
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Rousseau JF, Oliveira E, Tierney WM, Khurshid A. Methods for development and application of data standards in an ontology-driven information model for measuring, managing, and computing social determinants of health for individuals, households, and communities evaluated through an example of asthma. J Biomed Inform 2022; 136:104241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2022.104241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lee S, Ku H, Hyun C, Lee M. Machine Learning-Based Analyses of the Effects of Various Types of Air Pollutants on Hospital Visits by Asthma Patients. TOXICS 2022; 10:644. [PMID: 36355936 PMCID: PMC9696060 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder defined by airway inflammation, chest pains, wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing that affects an estimated 300 million individuals globally. Although various studies have shown an association between air pollution and asthma, few studies have used statistical and machine learning algorithms to investigate the effect of each individual air pollutant on asthma. The purpose of this research was to assess the association between air pollutants and the frequency of hospital visits by asthma patients using three analysis methods: linear correlation analyses were performed by Pearson correlation coefficients, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF) models were used for machine learning-based analyses to investigate the effect of air pollutants. This research studied asthma patients using the hospital visit database in Seoul, South Korea, collected between 2013 and 2017. The data set included outpatient hospital visits (n = 17,787,982), hospital admissions (n = 215,696), and emergency department visits (n = 85,482). The daily atmospheric environmental information from 2013 to 2017 at 25 locations in Seoul was evaluated. The three analysis models revealed that NO2 was the most significant pollutant on average in outpatient hospital visits by asthma patients. For example, NO2 had the greatest impact on outpatient hospital visits, resulting in a positive association (r=0.331). In hospital admissions of asthma patients, CO was the most significant pollutant on average. It was observed that CO exhibited the most positive association with hospital admissions (I = 3.329). Additionally, a significant time lag was found between both NO2 and CO and outpatient hospital visits and hospital admissions of asthma patients in the linear correlation analysis. In particular, NO2 and CO were shown to increase hospital admissions at lag 4 in the linear correlation analysis. This study provides evidence that PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, SO2, and O3 are associated with the frequency of hospital visits by asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hyeeun Ku
- School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Changwan Hyun
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Minhyeok Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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23
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Ren X, Cai T, Mi Z, Bielory L, Nolte CG, Georgopoulos PG. Modeling past and future spatiotemporal distributions of airborne allergenic pollen across the contiguous United States. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:959594. [PMID: 36389037 PMCID: PMC9640548 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.959594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposures to airborne allergenic pollen have been increasing under the influence of changing climate. A modeling system incorporating pollen emissions and atmospheric transport and fate processes has been developed and applied to simulate spatiotemporal distributions of two major aeroallergens, oak and ragweed pollens, across the contiguous United States (CONUS) for both historical (year 2004) and future (year 2047) conditions. The transport and fate of pollen presented here is simulated using our adapted version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Model performance was evaluated using observed pollen counts at monitor stations across the CONUS for 2004. Our analysis shows that there is encouraging consistency between observed seasonal mean concentrations and corresponding simulated seasonal mean concentrations (oak: Pearson = 0.35, ragweed: Pearson = 0.40), and that the model was able to capture the statistical patterns of observed pollen concentration distributions in 2004 for most of the pollen monitoring stations. Simulation of pollen levels for a future year (2047) considered conditions corresponding to the RCP8.5 scenario. Modeling results show substantial regional variability both in the magnitude and directionality of changes in pollen metrics. Ragweed pollen season is estimated to start earlier and last longer for all nine climate regions of the CONUS, with increasing average pollen concentrations in most regions. The timing and magnitude of oak pollen season vary across the nine climate regions, with the largest increases in pollen concentrations expected in the Northeast region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ting Cai
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Zhongyuan Mi
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Leonard Bielory
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Christopher G. Nolte
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Panos G. Georgopoulos
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Correspondence: Panos G. Georgopoulos
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Park Y, Kim SH, Kim SP, Ryu J, Yi J, Kim JY, Yoon HJ. Spatial autocorrelation may bias the risk estimation: An application of eigenvector spatial filtering on the risk of air pollutant on asthma. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:157053. [PMID: 35780885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants are major risk factors for respiratory diseases, particularly asthma, socially and spatially correlated. Many existing environment-asthma-related studies, however, have evaluated the impact of crude trends at the largest district level, which accounts only for temporal effects and may produce biased results with spatial autocorrelation. This study aimed to investigate how the spatial autocorrelation affects the air pollution effect estimations (sulfur dioxide [SO2], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], carbon monoxide [CO], and particulate matter [PM10]) on daily asthma emergency department (ED) visits in two metropolitan areas in Korea (Seoul Metropolitan Area [SMA] and Busan Metropolitan City, Ulsan Metropolitan City, Gyeongsangnamdo [BUG]). We applied eigenvector spatial filter (ESF) to the spatio-temporal model to remove spatial autocorrelation and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to explore nonlinear patterns between air pollutant concentration and lagged days on the three models including aggregated model (a temporal model), spatial model without ESF, and spatial model with ESF (both are spatio-temporal models). The effect of SO2 was not statistically significant for asthma ED visits in the aggregated model for SMA (cumulative relative risks [CRR] = 0.99, confidence intervals [CI]: 0.93-1.05), while the effect was statistically significant in the spatial model with ESF (CRR = 1.10, CI: 1.08-1.12). NO2 and CO were positively correlated to asthma ED visits in the spatial model without ESF (CRR = 0.84, CI: 0.81-0.86; 0.91, 0.89-0.94, respectively), but the spatial model with ESF showed significant risks (CRR = 1.21, CI: 1.18-1.24; 1.13, 1.11-1.16). Moreover, the spatial model with ESF successfully removed spatial autocorrelation (P-values for Moran's I 0.83-0.98) and demonstrated the highest model fit (McFadden's pseudo R2 0.42-0.43 for SMA and 0.26-0.27 for BUG) among the three models. Our findings demonstrate how ESF can be introduced into spatial correlation to remove bias and construct more reliable models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Hwan Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Pyo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Yi
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Youp Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jin Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Medical Big Data Research Center, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Association between exposure to particulate matter and school absences in Korean asthmatic adolescents. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e21. [PMID: 36147590 PMCID: PMC9483635 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because particulate matter (PM) and asthma are closely related, the prevalence of school absence among adolescents with asthma can be affected by the concentration of PM. We aimed to investigate the relationship between school absences due to asthma and the total number of days that the PM concentration exceeded the standard. Methods We used the data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the PM levels of 17 metropolitan cities and provinces gathered from the AirKorea. Information on the characteristics of asthmatic adolescents and the prevalence of school absence was obtained using a questionnaire, while the PM levels based on the total number of days with poor and very poor PM grades were collected from the AirKorea website. Both χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were performed using the weights presented in the original dataset. Results In the case of particulate matter of 10 microns in diameter or smaller (PM10), the odds ratio (OR) after adjusting for confounders (sex, school year, body mass index, smoking history, diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, diagnosis of atopic dermatitis and city size) was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.13) for absents due to asthma when the total days of poor and very poor grades of PM10 (81 μg/m3 or higher) increased by 1 day. In the analysis of particulate matter of 2.5 microns in diameter or smaller (PM2.5), the OR after adjusting for confounders was 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00–1.03) for absents due to asthma when the total number of days with poor and very poor PM2.5 grades (36 μg/m3 or higher) increased by 1 day. Conclusions A significant association was observed between the total number of days of poor and very poor PM10 and PM2.5 grades and school absence due to asthma; PM can cause asthma exacerbation and affect the academic life.
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Cao X, Liu X, Hadiatullah H, Xu Y, Zhang X, Cyrys J, Zimmermann R, Adam T. Investigation of COVID-19-related lockdowns on the air pollution changes in augsburg in 2020, Germany. ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 13:101536. [PMID: 36042786 PMCID: PMC9392961 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2022.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic in Germany in 2020 brought many regulations to impede its transmission such as lockdown. Hence, in this study, we compared the annual air pollutants (CO, NO, NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5, and BC) in Augsburg in 2020 to the record data in 2010-2019. The annual air pollutants in 2020 were significantly (p < 0.001) lower than that in 2010-2019 except O3, which was significantly (p = 0.02) higher than that in 2010-2019. In a depth perspective, we explored how lockdown impacted air pollutants in Augsburg. We simulated air pollutants based on the meteorological data, traffic density, and weekday and weekend/holiday by using four different models (i.e. Random Forest, K-nearest Neighbors, Linear Regression, and Lasso Regression). According to the best fitting effects, Random Forest was used to predict air pollutants during two lockdown periods (16/03/2020-19/04/2020, 1st lockdown and 02/11/2020-31/12/2020, 2nd lockdown) to explore how lockdown measures impacted air pollutants. Compared to the predicted values, the measured CO, NO2, and BC significantly reduced 18.21%, 21.75%, and 48.92% in the 1st lockdown as well as 7.67%, 32.28%, and 79.08% in the 2nd lockdown. It could be owing to the reduction of traffic and industrial activities. O3 significantly increased 15.62% in the 1st lockdown but decreased 40.39% in the 2nd lockdown, which may have relations with the fluctuations the NO titration effect and photochemistry effect. PM10 and PM2.5 were significantly increased 18.23% an 10.06% in the 1st lockdown but reduced 34.37% and 30.62% in the 2nd lockdown, which could be owing to their complex generation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cao
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Faculty for Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Yanning Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266525, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Josef Cyrys
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Thomas Adam
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Faculty for Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
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Wang M, Deng R. Effects of carbon black nanoparticles and high humidity on the lung metabolome in Balb/c mice with established allergic asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:65100-65111. [PMID: 35484453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In respiratory diseases, the induction of allergic asthma has gradually aroused public concerns. Co-exposures of environmental risk factors such as nanoparticles and high humidity could play important roles in the development of allergic asthma. However, the relevant researches are still lacking and the involved mechanisms, especially metabolic changes, remain unclear. We took the lead in studying the combined induction effect and underlying mechanisms of carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs) and high humidity on allergic asthma. In this work, murine models of allergic asthma were established with ovalbumin under the single and combined exposures of 15 μg/kg CB NPs and 90% relative humidity. The two risk factors, particularly their co-exposure, exhibited adjuvant effect on airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and inflammation in Balb/c mice. Untargeted metabolomics identified the potential biomarkers in lung for asthma occurrence and for asthma exacerbation caused by CB NPs and high humidity. The significantly dysregulated metabolic pathways in asthmatic mice were proposed, and the disturbed metabolic pathways under the exposures of CB NPs and/or high humidity were mainly implicated in asthma symptoms. This work sheds light on the understanding for health risks of NP pollutions and high environmental humidity and contributes to useful biomarker identification and asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingpu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Rui Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Lei R, Nie D, Zhang S, Yu W, Ge X, Song N. Spatial and temporal characteristics of air pollutants and their health effects in China during 2019-2020. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115460. [PMID: 35660829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the temporal and spatial characteristics of the major air pollutants and their associated health risks in China from 2019 to 2020, by using the monitoring data from 367 cities. The annual average PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 concentrations decreased by 10.9%, 13.2%, 9.3%, 10.1%, 9.4%, and 5.5% from 2019 to 2020. National average PM2.5 concentration in 2020 met the standard of 35 μg/m3, and that of O3 decreased from 2019. COVID-19 lockdown affected NO2 level dramatically, yet influences on PM2.5 and O3 were less clear-cut. Positive correlations between PM2.5 and O3 were found, even in winter in all five key regions, e.g., Jing-Jin-Ji (JJJ), FenWei Plain (FWP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Chengdu-Chongqing Region (CCR), indicating importance of secondary production for both PM2.5 and O3. Large seasonal variability of PM2.5-SO2 correlation indicates a varying role of SO2 to PM2.5 pollution in different seasons; and generally weak correlations in winter between PM2.5 and NO2 or SO2 reveal the complexity of secondary formation processes to PM2.5 pollution in winter. Multilinear regression analysis between PM2.5 and SO2, NO2 and CO demonstrates that PM2.5 is more sensitive to the change of NO2 than SO2 in JJJ, FWP, PRD and CCR, suggesting a priority of NOx emission control for future PM2.5 reduction. Furthermore, the new World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines (WHO AQG2021) were adopted to calculate the excess health risks (ER) as well as the health-risk based air quality index (HAQIWHO) of the pollutants. Such assessment points out the severity of air pollution associated health risks under strict standards: 40.0% of days had HAQIWHO>100, while only 14.4% days had AQI>100. PM2.5 ER was generally larger than O3 ER, but O3 ER in low PM2.5 region (PRD) and during summer became more serious. Notably, NO2 ER became even more important than PM2.5 due to its strict limit of WHO AQG2021. Overall, our results highlight the increasing importance of O3 in both air quality evaluation and health risk assessment, and the importance of coordinated mitigation of multiple pollutants (mainly PM2.5, O3 and NO2) in protecting the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyuan Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Dongyang Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shumeng Zhang
- Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Wanning Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xinlei Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 210042, China.
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Leung T, Cramer E, Grande M, Huntington-Moskos L, Krueger K, Bimbi O, Polivka B, Eldeirawi K. Utilizing Real-time Technology to Assess the Impact of Home Environmental Exposures on Asthma Symptoms: Protocol for an Observational Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e39887. [PMID: 35916686 PMCID: PMC9382544 DOI: 10.2196/39887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that over 60% of adults with asthma have uncontrolled symptoms, representing a substantial health and economic impact. The effects of the home environment and exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on adults with asthma remain unknown. In addition, methods currently used to assess the home environment do not capture real-time data on potentially modifiable environmental exposures or their effect on asthma symptoms. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to (1) determine the feasibility and usability of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess self-report residential environmental exposures and asthma symptoms, home monitoring of objective environmental exposures (total VOCs and PM2.5), and lung function in terms of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%); (2) assess the frequency and level of residential environmental exposures (eg, disinfectants/cleaners, secondhand smoke) via self-reported data and home monitoring objective measures; (3) assess the level of asthma control as indicated by self-reported asthma symptoms and lung function; and (4) explore associations of self-reported and objective measures of residential environmental exposures with self-reported and objective measures of asthma control. METHODS We will recruit 50 adults with asthma who have completed our online Global COVID-19 Asthma Study, indicated willingness to be contacted for future studies, reported high use of disinfectant/cleaning products, and have asthma that is not well controlled. Participants will receive an indoor air quality monitor and a home spirometer to measure VOCs, PM2.5, and FEV1%, respectively. EMA data will be collected using a personal smartphone and EMA software platform. Participants will be sent scheduled and random EMA notifications to assess asthma symptoms, environmental exposures, lung function, and mitigation strategies. After the 14-day data collection period, participants will respond to survey items related to acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. RESULTS This study was funded in March 2021. We pilot tested our procedures and began recruitment in April 2022. The anticipated completion of the study is 2023. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this feasibility study will support a powered study to address the impact of home environmental exposures on asthma symptoms and develop tailored, home-based asthma interventions that are responsive to the changing home environment and home routines. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05224076; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05224076. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/39887.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Cramer
- Biostatistics & Epidemiology Core, Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States.,School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, IL, United States
| | - Matthew Grande
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Kathryn Krueger
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Olivia Bimbi
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Barbara Polivka
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Kamal Eldeirawi
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Deng R, Ma P, Li B, Wu Y, Yang X. Development of allergic asthma and changes of intestinal microbiota in mice under high humidity and/or carbon black nanoparticles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113786. [PMID: 35738102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In respiratory diseases, the induction of allergic asthma is one of the hottest issues of international concern. The adjuvant effect of air pollutants including nanoparticles (NPs) has be pointed out to facilitate the occurrence and development of allergic asthma. This work studied the development of allergic asthma upon exposures of carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs, 30-50 nm) and/or high environmental humidity (90% relative humidity). The mechanisms involved were investigated from perspectives of the activation of oxidative stress and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) pathways and the alteration in intestinal microbiota. Both high humidity and CB NPs aggravated the airway hyperreactivity, remodeling, and inflammation in Balb/c mice sensitized by ovalbumin. The co-exposure of these two risk factors exhibited adjuvant effect on the development of asthma likely through activating oxidative stress pathway and TRPV1 pathway and then facilitating type I hypersensitivity. Additionally, exposures of high humidity and/or CB NPs reduced the richness of intestinal microbes, altered microbial community composition, and weakened corresponding biological functions, which may interact with the development of asthma. The findings will add new toxicological knowledge to the health risk assessment and management of co-exposures of NPs and other risk factors in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Ping Ma
- Xianning Engineering Research Center for Healthy Environment, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Baizhan Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Xianning Engineering Research Center for Healthy Environment, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Xianning Engineering Research Center for Healthy Environment, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali university, Dali 671003, China
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31
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Galveias A, Ribeiro H, Guimarães F, Costa MJ, Rodrigues P, Costa AR, Abreu I, Antunes CM. Differential Quercus spp. pollen-particulate matter interaction is dependent on geographical areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:154892. [PMID: 35378190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) and pollen interaction, either airborne or at the respiratory mucosa needs further clarification, as allergic reaction intensification can be related to the PM physical characteristics and toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the physical-chemical properties of PM that can adhere to the pollen wall during its transport or inhalation, using Quercus spp. as a model, in three Portuguese cities with different geographical locations, meteorological influence and urbanization levels. Possible sources were evaluated through air masses trajectory analysis using the HYSPLIT model and correlation with meteorological factors. The sampling was performed using a 7-days Hirst-type volumetric sampler, and the pollen grains were observed using a Field Emission Electron Probe Microanalyser for PM analysis. A secondary electron image of each pollen grain was taken, to determine the adhered particles characteristics and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectra were obtained for individual particles. A total of 484 pollen grains was observed, with 7683 particles counted and 1914 EDS spectra analyzed. The particle's equivalent diameter ranged from 0.3-16 μm, with most having a diameter < 3 μm. For the three cities, there were significant differences in the number of particles per pollen and the % area occupied by the particles. Particles adhered were mainly Si-rich, but variations in other dominant groups were observed. For Évora and Guarda, Ca-rich, SO-rich were second and third more representative, while Porto were Organic and Cl-rich. Metals&Oxides were found in all cities with the highest number in Porto. P-rich particles were only found in Évora. Sea salt particles were observed in Évora, coincide with air mass trajectories possible carrying them from the Mediterranean Sea. In conclusion, the PM physical characteristics are similar between the studied cities, however, the dominant chemical composition is different, certainly impacting the exposome influence and pollen-allergy intensification towards the same pollen type and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Galveias
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Helena Ribeiro
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Guimarães
- Unit of Science and Mineral Technology, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology (LNEG), Portugal
| | - Maria João Costa
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Earth remote Sensing Laboratory (EaRSLab), Department of Physical, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671, Portugal
| | - Pedro Rodrigues
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana R Costa
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ilda Abreu
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia M Antunes
- Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
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Maspero J, Adir Y, Al-Ahmad M, Celis-Preciado CA, Colodenco FD, Giavina-Bianchi P, Lababidi H, Ledanois O, Mahoub B, Perng DW, Vazquez JC, Yorgancioglu A. Type 2 inflammation in asthma and other airway diseases. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00576-2021. [PMID: 35923421 PMCID: PMC9339769 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00576-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic COPD and allergic rhinitis are a global health concern. Despite the coexistence of these diseases and their common pathophysiology, they are often managed independently, resulting in poor asthma control, continued symptoms and poor quality of life. Understanding disease pathophysiology is important for best treatment practice, reduced disease burden and improved patient outcomes. The pathophysiology of type 2 inflammation is driven by both the innate immune system triggered by pollutants, viral or fungal infections involving type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and the adaptive immune system, triggered by contact with an allergen involving type 2 T-helper (Th2) cells. Both ILC2 and Th2 cells produce the type-2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13), each with several roles in the inflammation cascade. IL-4 and IL-13 cause B-cell class switching and IgE production, release of pro-inflammatory mediators, barrier disruption and tissue remodelling. In addition, IL-13 causes goblet-cell hyperplasia and mucus production. All three interleukins are involved in trafficking eosinophils to tissues, producing clinical symptoms characteristic of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Asthma is a heterogenous disease; therefore, identification of biomarkers and early targeted treatment is critical for patients inadequately managed by inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonists alone. The Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines recommend add-on biological (anti IgE, IL-5/5R, IL-4R) treatments for those not responding to standard of care. Targeted therapies, including omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab and tezepelumab, were developed on current understanding of the pathophysiology of type 2 inflammation. These therapies offer hope for improved management of type 2 inflammatory airway diseases. Asthma is a heterogenous disease. Targeted therapies have been developed based on the pathophysiology of type 2 inflammation. These therapies offer hope for improved management of type 2 inflammatory airway diseases.https://bit.ly/3HCkrvQ
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Ko HM, Choi SH, Jee W, Lee SH, Park D, Jung JH, Lee BJ, Kim KI, Jung HJ, Jang HJ. Rosa laevigata Attenuates Allergic Asthma Exacerbated by Water-Soluble PM by Downregulating the MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925502. [PMID: 35837279 PMCID: PMC9274115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to water-soluble particulate matter (WPM) containing heavy metals can cause severe inflammatory responses and trigger and exacerbate the onset of asthma. As a follow-up study of Rosa laevigata (RL), this study analyzed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of oral and intratracheal administration of RL and demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in asthma models. Worse T-helper cell type 2 (Th2)-related inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses were observed after simultaneous challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) and WPM. To establish a model of asthma exacerbated by WPM, BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA + aluminum hydroxide and challenged with OVA + WPM. To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of RL, it was administered both orally and intratracheally. Histopathological analysis of H&E staining confirmed that oral and intratracheal administration of RL alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways aggravated by OVA + WPM. RL effectively reduced the number of inflammatory cells obtained from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and multiplex analysis of serum samples confirmed that the administration of RL reduced the levels of immuno-globulin E (IgE), Th2-related cytokines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis of lung tissue samples confirmed that the release of MUC5AC (Mucin 5AC, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming) and pro-inflammatory cytokines was reduced by RL, and western blotting confirmed that the administration of RL reduced the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 in the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, oral and intratracheal administration of RL appears to have an anti-asthmatic effect by reducing the secretion of Th2-related cytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and IgE by downregulating the MAPK pathway. Thus, RL has further demonstrated potential for development as an oral and inhaled therapeutic for asthma symptoms exacerbated by WPM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Han Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biological Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doil Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beom-Joon Lee
- Department of Biological Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwan-Il Kim
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Jung
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang,
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Nathanael JG, Yuan B, Wille U. Oxidative Damage of Aliphatic Amino Acid Residues by the Environmental Pollutant NO 3·: Impact of Water on the Reactivity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7687-7695. [PMID: 35671332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rate of oxidative damage of aliphatic amino acids and dipeptides by the environmental pollutant nitrate radical (NO3·) in an aqueous acidic environment was studied by laser flash photolysis. The reactivity dropped by a factor of about four for amino acid residues with secondary amide bonds and by a factor of up to nearly 20 for amino acid residues with tertiary amide bonds, compared with that in acetonitrile. According to density functional theory studies, the lower reactivity is due to protonation of the amide moiety, whereas in neutral water, hydrogen bonding with the amide should have little impact on the absolute reaction rate compared with that in acetonitrile. This finding can be rationalized by the high reactivity and broad reaction pattern of NO3·. Although hydrogen bonding involving the amide group raises the energies associated with some electron transfer processes, alternative low-energy pathways remain available so that the overall reaction rate is barely affected. The undiminished high reactivity of NO3· toward aliphatic amino acid residues in a neutral aqueous environment highlights the health-damaging potential of exposure to the combined air pollutants nitrogen dioxide (NO2·) and ozone (O3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joses Grady Nathanael
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bing Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Uta Wille
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Goudarzi G, Birgani YT, Assarehzadegan MA, Neisi A, Dastoorpoor M, Sorooshian A, Yazdani M. Prediction of airborne pollen concentrations by artificial neural network and their relationship with meteorological parameters and air pollutants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:251-264. [PMID: 35669831 PMCID: PMC9163240 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
After the early rainfall in the autumn of 2013, respiratory syndromes spread in the Khuzestan province of Iran with the most severity in Ahvaz. There have been recurring outbreaks in recent years. Considering that pollen-derived airborne allergens are regarded as key aeroallergens and the main cause of allergic rhinitis and asthma, this work aimed to forecast total pollen concentration in Ahvaz through an artificial neural network (ANN), followed by evaluating the pollen spatial distribution across the city and the association between pollen concentrations and environmental parameters. The utilized ANN in this work included an input layer with 13 parameters, a hidden layer of five neurons, and an output layer. Data were classified into training, validation, and testing sets. The ANN was implemented with 70% and 80% of data for training. The value of the correlation coefficient for the data validation of these two networks was 0.89 and 0.92, respectively. The results also indicated that despite the difference in the mean concentration of the pollens in various areas of Ahvaz, this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the concentration of total pollen and relative humidity, precipitation, and air pressure. However, it had a positive correlation with temperature. Consequently, considering the logistical challenges of monitoring bioaerosols in the air, the ANN approach could predict total pollen concentrations. Therefore, in addition to measurements, the ANN technique can be a good tool to enable authorities to mitigate the impact of airborne pollen on people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases (APRD) Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Assarehzadegan
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolkazem Neisi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases (APRD) Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Mohsen Yazdani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Liu X, Chai B, Wang X, Wu Z, Zou H, Liu Y, Zheng S, Qian G, Ma Z, Lu J. Environmentally Persistent Free Radical Promotes Lung Cancer Progression by Regulating the Expression Profile of miRNAs. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022. [PMID: 35594306 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are generated in the combustion processes of solid waste and can cause adverse influences on human health, especially lung diseases. Lung cancer is one of the most serious malignancies in recent years, which the global deaths rate is about 1.6 million every year. Methods and Results: In this study, we verified that ZnO/MCB EPFRs promote cell proliferation and migration, impedes cell apoptosis in lung cancer. Furthermore, we found that ZnO/MCB could influence the expression of miRNAs (miR-18a and miR-34a). In vivo, ZnO/MCB and ZnO EPFRs can reduce the weight and survival rate of BALB/c male mice more than that of BALB/c female mice. In the ZnO/MCB exposed group, male mice lung became even smaller, while the female mice the lung increased significantly. Taken together, our results provide evidence for assessing the potential health risks of persistent free radicals on fine particles. Conclusions: This study linked toxicity of EPFRs with miRNAs revealed the potential health hazard to human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Liu
- Shanghai Tobacco Group Corp, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Binshu Chai
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xianyi Wang
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zong Wu
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zou
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | | | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lu
- Shanghai Tobacco Group Corp, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Xu C, Zhang Z, Ling G, Wang G, Wang M. Air pollutant spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and effects on human health in North China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133814. [PMID: 35120956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
North China, the political, economic, and cultural center of China, has been greatly harmed by frequent air pollution incidents. Therefore, it is vital to study air pollution characteristics and clarify their impact on human health. In this study, we first analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3) in North China from 2016 to 2019. Then, the air quality index (AQI), aggregate air quality index (AAQI), and health risk based air quality index (HAQI) were used to assess health risks. Based on these, the AirQ2.2.3 model was used to quantify health effects. The results showed that the major pollutant in the cities surrounding Beijing was PM2.5, while PM10 dominated in distant cities. Annual concentrations decreased (except for O3), which is related to governmental emission reduction policies. However, O3 concentrations increased owing to the complex precursor emissions. The AQI underestimated air pollution, while the AAQI and HAQI were accurate; the latter indicated that 55% of the study region population was exposed to polluted air. The AirQ2.2.3 model quantified the total mortality proportions attributable to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, and O3, which were 1.87%, 3.12%, 1.11%, 1.40%, 4.19%, and 2.52%, respectively. In high concentrations, PM10 and PM2.5 pose significant health risks. The health effects of SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 at lower concentrations were more obvious, indicating that the expected mortality rate due to low concentrations of some pollutants was much higher than that due to high concentrations of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Xu
- College of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfeng, 041000, China; Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, YuZhang Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Guangjiu Ling
- School of Tourism and Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, 558000, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- College of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfeng, 041000, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Study on the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Particulate Matter Pollution in Coal Production Cities in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063228. [PMID: 35328922 PMCID: PMC8950844 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process, regional atmospheric environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. We selected 12 cities as study areas to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in the region, and analyzed the impact of socioeconomic and natural factors on local particulate matter levels. In terms of time variation, the particulate matter in the study area showed an annual change trend of first rising and then falling, a monthly change trend of "U" shape, and an hourly change trend of double-peak and double-valley distribution. Spatially, the concentration of particulate matter in the central and southern cities of the study area is higher, while the pollution in the western region is lighter. In terms of social economy, PM2.5 showed an "inverted U-shaped" quadratic polynomial relationship with Second Industry and Population Density, while it showed a U-shaped relationship with Generating Capacity and Coal Output. The results of correlation analysis showed that PM2.5 and PM10 were significantly positively correlated with NO2, SO2, CO and air pressure, and significantly negatively correlated with O3 and air temperature. Wind speed was significantly negatively correlated with PM2.5, and significantly positively correlated with PM10. In terms of pollution transmission, the southwest area of Taiyuan City is a high potential pollution source area of fine particles, and the long-distance transport of PM2.5 in Xinjiang from the northwest also has a certain contribution to the pollution of fine particles. This study is helpful for us to understand the characteristics and influencing factors of particulate matter pollution in coal production cities.
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Li J, Hu Y, Li H, Lin Y, Tong S, Li Y. Assessing the impact of air pollutants on clinical visits for childhood allergic respiratory disease induced by house dust mite in Shanghai, China. Respir Res 2022; 23:48. [PMID: 35248029 PMCID: PMC8897928 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of allergic respiratory disease (ARD) is increasing worldwide during the last few decades, causing a great disease burden especially for children. Air pollution has been increasingly considered as a potential contributor to this trend, but its role in ARD induced by house dust mite (HDM-ARD) remains unclear, especially in time-series study. Methods A positive reporting of respiratory allergy to named allergens was included by serum specific IgE testing. A time series Quasi-Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear model, combined with generalized linear model was used to examine the effects of air pollutants on ARD, HDM-ARD and ARD induced by non-house dust mite (NHDM-ARD). Results A total of 16,249 cases of ARD, including 8,719 HDM-ARD and 8,070 NHDM-ARD from 1 Jan 2013 to 31 Dec 2017 were involved in this study. Air pollutants were significantly associated with clinical visits for childhood ARD and HDM-ARD. Exposure to higher O3 and interquartile range (IQR) increment in O3 (40.6 µg/m3) increased the risks of clinical visits for childhood HDM-ARD (RRlag0-5 for the 95th percentile of O3: 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.55; RRlag0-5 for IQR increment (40.6 µg/m3): 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.17) and ARD (RRlag0-5 for the 95th percentile of O3: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38; RRlag0-5 for IQR increment (40.6 µg/m3): 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). In addition, higher O3 was associated with increased RR of boys with ARD (RRlag0-5 for the 95th percentile: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51; RRlag0-5 for IQR increment (40.6 µg/m3): 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16) and HDM-ARD (RRlag0-5 for the 95th percentile: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.75; RRlag0-5 for IQR increment (40.6 µg/m3): 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.22), but not in girls. Conclusions Exposure to O3 appeared to be a trigger of clinical visits for childhood ARD, especially for HDM-ARD and boys. These findings provide novel evidence on the impact of air pollution on HDM-ARD, which may have significant implications for designing effective intervention programs to control and prevent childhood ARD, especially HDM-ARD, in China and other similar developing countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01967-1.
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Yan F, Cui J, Wang C, Tian X, Li D, Wang Y, Zhang B, Feng L, Huang S, Ma X. Real-time quantification for sulfite using a turn-on NIR fluorescent probe equipped with a portable fluorescence detector. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kitagawa YKL, Kumar P, Galvão ES, Santos JM, Reis NC, Nascimento EGS, Moreira DM. Exposure and dose assessment of school children to air pollutants in a tropical coastal-urban area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:149747. [PMID: 34487895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates exposure and inhaled dose to air pollutants of children residing in a tropical coastal-urban area in Southeast Brazil. For that, twenty-one children filled their time-activities diaries and wore the passive samplers to monitor NO2. The personal exposure was also estimated using data provided by the combination of WRF-Urban/GEOS-Chem/CMAQ models, and the nearby monitoring station. Indoor/outdoor ratios were used to consider the amount of time spent indoors by children in homes and schools. The model's performance was assessed by comparing the modelled data with concentrations measured by urban monitoring stations. A sensitivity analyses was also performed to evaluate the impact of the model's height on the air pollutant concentrations. The results showed that the mean children's personal exposure to NO2 predicted by the model (22.3 μg/m3) was nearly twice to those measured by the passive samplers (12.3 μg/m3). In contrast, the nearest urban monitoring station did not represent the personal exposure to NO2 (9.3 μg/m3), suggesting a bias in the quantification of previous epidemiological studies. The building effect parameterisation (BEP) together with the lowering of the model height enhanced the air pollutant concentrations and the exposure of children to air pollutants. With the use of the CMAQ model, exposure to O3, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 was also estimated and revealed that the daily children's personal exposure was 13.4, 38.9, 32.9, and 9.6 μg/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, the potential inhalation daily dose was 570-667 μg for PM2.5, 684-789 μg for PM10, and 163-194 μg for PM1, showing to be favourable to cause adverse health effects. The exposure of children to air pollutants estimated by the numerical model in this work was comparable to other studies found in the literature, showing one of the advantages of using the modelling approach since some air pollutants are poorly spatially represented and/or are not routinely monitored by environmental agencies in many regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Kaore Lago Kitagawa
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Centro Integrado de Manufatura e Tecnologia (SENAI CIMATEC), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Elson Silva Galvão
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jane Meri Santos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Neyval Costa Reis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Davidson Martins Moreira
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Centro Integrado de Manufatura e Tecnologia (SENAI CIMATEC), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Introduction and simulation of a small electro cyclone for collecting indoor pollen particles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE Human allergy to cats affects a substantial and growing proportion of the global population, and cat allergy is regarded as the third most common cause of human respiratory allergies, and the second most common indoor cause. Veterinarians will frequently encounter owners who are cat-allergic, and having an understanding of this disease and the methods available to help control the allergy will assist them in giving appropriate advice, alongside human healthcare professionals. AIM The aim of this review is to summarise currently available data on the prevalence, causes, symptoms and control of human allergy to cats. In terms of managing cat allergy, the emphasis is on reviewing current and emerging modalities to reduce environmental exposure to cat allergens rather than on pharmacotherapy or immunotherapy, as it is in these areas in particular that the veterinarian may be able to offer help and advice to complement that of human healthcare professionals. EVIDENCE BASE The information in this review is drawn from the current and historical literature on human allergy to cats, and approaches to reduce exposure to cat allergens and manage symptoms of cat allergy.
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Oyer-Peterson K, Ruiz de Porras DG, Han I, Delclos GL, Brooks EG, Afshar M, Whitworth KW. A pilot study of total personal exposure to volatile organic compounds among Hispanic female domestic cleaners. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2022; 19:1-11. [PMID: 34731075 PMCID: PMC8813894 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2021.2000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cleaners have an elevated risk for the development or exacerbation of asthma and other respiratory conditions, possibly due to exposure to cleaning products containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) leading to inflammation and oxidative stress. This pilot study aimed to quantify total personal exposure to VOCs and to assess biomarkers of inflammation and pulmonary oxidative stress in 15 predominantly Hispanic women working as domestic cleaners in San Antonio, Texas, between November 2019 and July 2020. In partnership with a community organization, Domésticas Unidas, recruited women were invited to attend a training session where they were provided 3M 3500 passive organic vapor monitors (badges) and began a 72-hr sampling period during which they were instructed to wear one badge during the entire period ("AT," for All the Time), a second badge only while they were inside their home ("INS," for INSide), and a third badge only when they were outside their home ("OUT," for OUTside). At the end of the sampling period, women returned the badges and provided blood and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples. From the badges, 30 individual VOCs were measured and summed to inform total VOC (TVOC) concentrations, as well as concentrations of the following VOC groups: aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, and terpenes. From the blood and EBC samples, concentrations of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and EBC 8-isoprostane (8-ISP) and pH were quantified. Data analyses included descriptive statistics. The 72-hr average of personal exposure to TVOC was 34.4 ppb and ranged from 9.2 to 219.5 ppb. The most prevalent class of VOC exposures for most women (66.7%) was terpenes, specifically d-limonene. Overall, most women also experienced higher TVOC concentrations while outside their home (86.7%) as compared to inside their home. Serum CRP concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 20.3 mg/dL; 8-ISP concentrations ranged from 9.5 to 44.1 pg/mL; and EBC pH ranged from 7.1 to 8.6. Overall, this pilot study demonstrated personal VOC exposure among Hispanic domestic cleaners, particularly to d-limonene, which may result from the use of scented cleaning products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Oyer-Peterson
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health in San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health in San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Center for Research in Occupational Health (CISAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Inkyu Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - George L. Delclos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Center for Research in Occupational Health (CISAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edward G. Brooks
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio), Long School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Masoud Afshar
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristina W. Whitworth
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Cook Q, Argenio K, Lovinsky-Desir S. The impact of environmental injustice and social determinants of health on the role of air pollution in asthma and allergic disease in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1089-1101.e5. [PMID: 34743831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is clear evidence that exposure to environmental air pollution is associated with immune dysregulation, asthma, and other allergic diseases. However, the burden of air pollution exposure is not equally distributed across the United States. Many social and environmental factors place communities of color and people who are in poverty at increased risk of exposure to pollution and morbidity from asthma and allergies. Here, we review the evidence that supports the relationship between air pollution and asthma, while considering the social determinants of health that contribute to disparities in exposures and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quindelyn Cook
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Kira Argenio
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
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Eivazzadeh M, Hassanvand MS, Faridi S, Gholampour A. Source apportionment and deposition of dustfall-bound trace elements around Tabriz, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:59403-59415. [PMID: 33405106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The monthly and spatial variations of atmospheric dustfall (DF) and their elemental components were determined. The DF sampling was performed using the ASTM method D-1739 from April 2017 to March 2018 in four urban and suburb sampling sites around Tabriz, Iran. The ICP-OES was utilized for the determination of the elemental components of DF.The results showed that the level of DF varied from 1.3 to 27.6 (8.0 ± 3.4) g/m2.month during the sampling period, and the level of DF was higher in warm seasons than cold seasons. Also, it was revealed that the mean DF has a direct and significant relationship with temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity.The elements of Fe (11,997-17,093 mg/Kg and 71-81%) and Al (2903-6852 mg/Kg and 14-25%), which are the main elements of the Earth crust, were the dominant metals of DF among the analyzed elements. The lowest average value of the enrichment factor (EF) was for Al and was < 1, while the highest EF belonged to Hg, Pb, Cu, Sr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cr, which were > 10 in all the sites, indicating that anthropogenic emission sources spread a considerable amount of trace elements in DF compared to the Lake Urmia bed or soil. The EF values for various elements (except than Cu and Hg) in cold seasons considerably increased compared to warm seasons.In all the study sites, Fe (540-1307 mg/m2.yr) had the highest deposition rates among the metals. This study revealed that the Earth crust is the main source of DF in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Eivazzadeh
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Effects of Air Pollutants on Airway Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189905. [PMID: 34574829 PMCID: PMC8465980 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Air pollutants include toxic particles and gases emitted in large quantities from many different combustible materials. They also include particulate matter (PM) and ozone, and biological contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which can penetrate the human airway and reach the bloodstream, triggering airway inflammation, dysfunction, and fibrosis. Pollutants that accumulate in the lungs exacerbate symptoms of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Asthma, a heterogeneous disease with complex pathological mechanisms, is characterized by particular symptoms such as shortness of breath, a tight chest, coughing, and wheezing. Patients with COPD often experience exacerbations and worsening of symptoms, which may result in hospitalization and disease progression. PM varies in terms of composition, and can include solid and liquid particles of various sizes. PM concentrations are higher in urban areas. Ozone is one of the most toxic photochemical air pollutants. In general, air pollution decreases quality of life and life expectancy. It exacerbates acute and chronic respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic airway diseases, and increases the morbidity and risk of hospitalization associated with respiratory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Therefore, we reviewed the impact of air pollutants on airway diseases such as asthma and COPD, focusing on their underlying mechanisms.
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Rojo J, Moreno JM, Romero-Morte J, Lara B, Elvira-Rendueles B, Negral L, Fernández-González F, Moreno-Grau S, Pérez-Badia R. Causes of increased pollen exposure during Saharan-Sahel dust intrusions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117441. [PMID: 34062432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter such as mineral dust comes mainly from natural sources, and the African regions of Sahara and Sahel originate large amounts of the aerosols dispersed worldwide. There is little knowledge about the influence of dust episodes on airborne pollen concentrations, and although the centre and southeast of the Iberian Peninsula are frequently affected by dust intrusions, until now, no specific works have analysed the effect of these episodes on airborne pollen concentrations in these areas. The aims of this study were to analyse the simultaneous occurrence of airborne pollen peaks and Saharan-Sahel dust intrusions in the central and south-eastern Iberian Peninsula, and to study the weather conditions - air mass pathways and conditions of air temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure - that influence the airborne pollen concentrations during dust episodes. The results showed that the rise in airborne pollen concentrations during dust episodes is apparent in inland Iberian areas, although not in coastal areas in the southeast where pollen concentrations are even observed to decrease, coinciding with prevailing easterly winds from the sea. Total pollen concentrations and specific pollen types such as Olea, Poaceae and Quercus showed an increase in the central Iberian Peninsula during dust episodes when two meteorological phenomena concur: 1) prevailing winds from extensive areas of major wind-pollinated pollen sources over a medium or short distance (mainly from western and southwestern areas); and 2) optimal meteorological conditions that favour pollen release and dispersal into the atmosphere (mainly high temperatures and subsequently low humidity in central areas). Both conditions often occur during the Saharan-Sahel dust intrusions in the centre. Maximum pollen peaks are therefore most likely to occur during dust episodes in the central Iberian Peninsula, thus dramatically increasing the risk of outbreaks of pollinosis and other respiratory diseases in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rojo
- University of Castilla-La Mancha. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Toledo, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Complutense University. Madrid, Spain.
| | - José María Moreno
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Jorge Romero-Morte
- University of Castilla-La Mancha. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Toledo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lara
- University of Castilla-La Mancha. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Toledo, Spain
| | - Belén Elvira-Rendueles
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Luis Negral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | - Stella Moreno-Grau
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Rosa Pérez-Badia
- University of Castilla-La Mancha. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Toledo, Spain
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Marczynski M, Lieleg O. Forgotten but not gone: Particulate matter as contaminations of mucosal systems. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:031302. [PMID: 38505633 PMCID: PMC10903497 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A decade ago, environmental issues, such as air pollution and the contamination of the oceans with microplastic, were prominently communicated in the media. However, these days, political topics, as well as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, have clearly taken over. In spite of this shift in focus regarding media representation, researchers have made progress in evaluating the possible health risks associated with particulate contaminations present in water and air. In this review article, we summarize recent efforts that establish a clear link between the increasing occurrence of certain pathological conditions and the exposure of humans (or animals) to airborne or waterborne particulate matter. First, we give an overview of the physiological functions mucus has to fulfill in humans and animals, and we discuss different sources of particulate matter. We then highlight parameters that govern particle toxicity and summarize our current knowledge of how an exposure to particulate matter can be related to dysfunctions of mucosal systems. Last, we outline how biophysical tools and methods can help researchers to obtain a better understanding of how particulate matter may affect human health. As we discuss here, recent research has made it quite clear that the structure and functions of those mucosal systems are sensitive toward particulate contaminations. Yet, our mechanistic understanding of how (and which) nano- and microparticles can compromise human health via interacting with mucosal barriers is far from complete.
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Chen WH, Chang CM, Mutuku JK, Lam SS, Lee WJ. Aerosol deposition and airflow dynamics in healthy and asthmatic human airways during inhalation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125856. [PMID: 34492805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of aerosols such as pharmaceutical aerosols or virus aerosol uptake is of great concern to the human population. To elucidate the underlying aerosol dynamics, the deposition fractions (DFs) of aerosols in healthy and asthmatic human airways of generations 13-15 are predicted. The Navier-stokes equations governing the gaseous phase and the discrete phase model for particles' motion are solved using numerical methods. The main forces responsible for deposition are inertial impaction forces and complex secondary flow velocities. The curvatures and sinusoidal folds in the asthmatic geometry lead to the formation of complex secondary flows and hence higher DFs. The intensities of complex secondary flows are strongest at the generations affected by asthma. The DF in the healthy airways is 0%, and it ranges from 1.69% to 52.93% in the asthmatic ones. From this study, the effects of the pharmaceutical aerosol particle diameters in the treatment of asthma patients can be established, which is conducive to inhibiting the inflammation of asthma airways. Furthermore, with the recent development of COVID-19 which causes pneumonia, the predicted physics and effective simulation methods of bioaerosols delivery to asthma patients are vital to prevent the exacerbation of the chronic ailment and the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Ming Chang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Justus Kavita Mutuku
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Super micro mass research and technology center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Wen-Jhy Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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