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Zheng W, Chu J, Bambrick H, Wang N, Mengersen K, Guo X, Hu W. Impact of environmental factors on diabetes mortality: A comparison between inland and coastal areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166335. [PMID: 37591381 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mortality varies between coastal and inland areas in Shandong Province, China. However, evidence about the reasons for this disparity is limited. We assume that distinct environmental conditions may contribute to the disparities in diabetes mortality patterns between coastal and inland areas. METHOD Qingdao and Jinan were selected as typical coastal and inland cities in Shandong Province, respectively, with similar socioeconomic but different environmental characteristics. Data on diabetes deaths and environmental factors (i.e., temperature, relative humidity and air pollution particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5)) were collected from 2013 to 2020. Spatial kriging methods were used to estimate the aggregated diabetes mortality at the city level. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to quantify the possible cumulative and non-cumulative associations between environmental factors and diabetes mortality by age, sex and location. RESULTS In the coastal city (Qingdao), the maximum cumulative relative risks (RRs) of temperature and PM2.5 associated with diabetes deaths were 2.54 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.25-5.15), and 1.17 (95 % CI: 1.01-1.37) respectively, at lag 1 week. In the inland city (Jinan), only temperature exhibited significant cumulative associations with diabetes deaths (RR = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.07-2.23 at 29 °C). Lower relative humidity (22 %-45 %) had a lag-specific association with diabetes deaths in inland areas at lag 3 weeks (RR = 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.70 at 22 %). CONCLUSION Despite the lower PM2.5 concentrations in the coastal location, diabetes mortality exhibited stronger links to environmental variables in the coastal city than in the inland city. These findings suggest that the control of air pollution could decrease the mortality burden of diabetes, even in the region with relatively good air quality. Additionally, the spatial estimation method is recommended to identify associations between environmental factors and diseases in studies with limited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Zheng
- Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jie Chu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ning Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kerrie Mengersen
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Yin P, Luo H, Gao Y, Liu W, Shi S, Li X, Meng X, Kan H, Zhou M, Li G, Chen R. Criteria air pollutants and diabetes mortality classified by different subtypes and complications: A nationwide, case-crossover study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132412. [PMID: 37696209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The associations between air pollution and diabetes mortality of different subtypes and complications were largely unclear. We performed an individual-level, time-stratified case-crossover study among over 0.9 million diabetes deaths from all administrative regions of Chinese mainland during 2013-2019. Daily concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5), coarse particles (PM2.5-10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) were obtained for each decedent using high-resolution prediction models. Conditional logistic regression models were utilized to analyze the data. Each interquartile range increment in PM2.5, PM2.5-10, NO2 and O3 concentrations on lag 0-2 d increased the risks of overall diabetes mortality by 2.81 %, 1.92 %, 3.96 % and 2.15 %, respectively. Type 2 diabetes had stronger associations with air pollution than type 1 diabetes. Air pollutants were associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and diabetic nephropathy, but not other complications. The exposure-response curves were approximately linear with a plateau at higher concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and NO2, while the associations for O3 appear to be statistically significant beyond 60 μg/m3. This nationwide study reinforces the evidence of higher risks of acute diabetic events following short-term air pollution exposure. We identified differential effects of air pollutants on various subtypes and complications of diabetes, which require further mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huihuan Luo
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Gao
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Su Shi
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglin Li
- Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Pei Z, Wu M, Zhu W, Pang Y, Niu Y, Zhang R, Zhang H. Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with prevalence of pulmonary nodules: A cross-sectional study in Shijiazhuang, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115311. [PMID: 37531926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A complete understanding of the associations of ambient air pollution with prevalence of pulmonary nodule is lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations of ambient air pollutants with prevalence of pulmonary nodule. A total of 9991 health examination participants was enrolled and 3166 was elected in the final in Shijiazhuang between April 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2018. 107 participants were diagnosed in pulmonary nodule while 3059 participants were diagnosed in non-pulmonary (named control). The individual exposure of participants was evaluation by Empirical Bayesian Kriging model according to their residential or work addresses. The pulmonary nodules were found and diagnosed by health examination through chest x-ray detection. Our results suggested that there were positive associations between prevalence of pulmonary nodules and PM2.5 (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.11) as well as O3 (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.66) levels. The platelet count (PLT) acted as the mediator of pulmonary nodules related with the PM2.5 exposure, while the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as well as platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were the mediators of pulmonary nodules related with the O3 exposure. This study suggests that long-term exposure to PM2.5 and O3 may significantly associated with prevalence of pulmonary nodules, and the above associations are mediated by PLT, NLR and PLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 2nd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Helin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 2nd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
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Zhang D, Chen W, Cheng C, Huang H, Li X, Qin P, Chen C, Luo X, Zhang M, Li J, Sun X, Liu Y, Hu D. Air pollution exposure and heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162191. [PMID: 36781139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
While the literature strongly supports a positive association between particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure and heart failure (HF), there is uncertainty regarding the other pollutants and the dose and duration of exposure that triggers an adverse response. To comprehensively assess and quantify the association of air pollution exposure with HF incidence and mortality, we performed separate meta-analyses according to pollutant types [PM2.5, PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3)], and exposure duration (short- and long-term). We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for relevant articles with publication dates up to July 12, 2022, identifying 35 eligible studies. Random-effects models were used to summarize the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). For long-term exposure, the growing risk of HF was significantly associated with each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (OR = 1.196, 95 % CI: 1.079-1.326; I2 = 76.8 %), PM10 (1.190, 1.045-1.356; I2 = 76.2 %), and NO2 (1.072, 1.028-1.118; I2 = 78.3 %). For short-term exposure, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 (per 10 μg/m3 increment) increased the risk of HF, with estimated ORs of 1.019 (1.008-1.030; I2 = 39.9 %), 1.012 (1.007-1.017; I2 = 28.3 %), 1.016 (1.005-1.026; I2 = 53.7 %), and 1.006 (1.002-1.010; I2 = 0.0 %), respectively. No significant effects of SO2 and CO exposure on the risk of HF were observed. In summary, our study powerfully highlights the deleterious impact of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exposure (either short- or long-term) on HF risk. Serious efforts should be made to improve air quality through legislation and interdisciplinary cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiling Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Qin
- Department of Medical Record Management, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Ruiz-Páez R, Díaz J, López-Bueno JA, Navas MA, Mirón IJ, Martínez GS, Luna MY, Linares C. Does the meteorological origin of heat waves influence their impact on health? A 6-year morbidity and mortality study in Madrid (Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158900. [PMID: 36155828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Spain, two synoptic-scale conditions influence heat wave formation. The first involves advection of warm and dry air masses carrying dust of Saharan origin (North African Dust (NAF) = 1). The second entails anticyclonic stagnation with high insolation and stability (NAF) = 0). Some studies show that the meteorological origin of these heat waves may affect their impact on morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the impact of heat waves on health outcomes in Madrid (Spain) during 2013-2018 varied by synoptic-scale condition. METHODOLOGY Outcome data consist of daily mortality and daily hospital emergency admissions (morbidity) for natural, circulatory, and respiratory causes. Predictors include daily maximum and minimum temperatures and daily mean concentrations of NO2, PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3. Analyses adjust for insolation, relative humidity, and wind speed. Generalized linear models were performed with Poisson link between the variables controlling for trend, seasonality, and auto-regression in the series. Relative Risks (RR) and Attributable Risks (AR) were determined. The RRs for mortality attributable to high temperatures were similar regardless of NAF status. For hospital admissions, however, the RRs for hot days with NAF = 0 are higher than for days with NAF = 1. We also found that atmospheric pollutants worsen morbidity and mortality, especially PM10 concentrations when NAF = 1 and O3 concentrations when NAF = 0. RESULTS The effect of heat waves on morbidity and mortality depends on the synoptic situation. The impact is greater under anticyclonic stagnation conditions than under Saharan dust advection. Further, the health impact of pollutants such as PM10 and O3 varies according to the synoptic situation. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, we strongly recommend prevention plans to include data on the meteorological situation originating the heat wave, on a synoptic-scale, as well as comprehensive preventive measures against the compounding effect of high temperatures and pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Díaz
- Reference Unit on Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - M A Navas
- Reference Unit on Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - I J Mirón
- Department of Health, Community Board of Castile La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - M Y Luna
- State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Linares
- Reference Unit on Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Lou C, Bai Y, Chai T, Yu H, Lin T, Hu G, Guan Y, Wu B. Research progress on distribution and exposure risk of microbial aerosols in animal houses. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1015238. [PMID: 36439349 PMCID: PMC9684608 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1015238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental aerosols in animal houses are closely related to the productive performance and health level of animals living in the houses. Preferable housing environments can improve animal welfare and production efficiency, so it is necessary to monitor and study these environments. In recent years, there have been many large-scale outbreaks of respiratory diseases related to biological aerosols, especially the novel coronavirus that has been sweeping the world. This has attracted much attention to the mode of aerosol transmission. With the rapid development of large-scale and intensive breeding, microbial aerosols have gradually become the main factor of environmental pollution in animal houses. They not only lead to a large-scale outbreak of infectious diseases, but they also have a certain impact on the health of animals and employees in the houses and increase the difficulty of prevention and control of animal-borne diseases. This paper reviews the distribution, harm, and control measures of microbial aerosols in animal house environments in order to improve people's understanding of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Tongjie Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Animal Disease of Shandong Province, Tai'an, China
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Tuorong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Guangming Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuling Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Wu
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Monteiro A, Basart S, Kazadzis S, Votsis A, Gkikas A, Vandenbussche S, Tobias A, Gama C, García-Pando CP, Terradellas E, Notas G, Middleton N, Kushta J, Amiridis V, Lagouvardos K, Kosmopoulos P, Kotroni V, Kanakidou M, Mihalopoulos N, Kalivitis N, Dagsson-Waldhauserová P, El-Askary H, Sievers K, Giannaros T, Mona L, Hirtl M, Skomorowski P, Virtanen TH, Christoudias T, Di Mauro B, Trippetta S, Kutuzov S, Meinander O, Nickovic S. Multi-sectoral impact assessment of an extreme African dust episode in the Eastern Mediterranean in March 2018. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156861. [PMID: 35750162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In late March 2018, a large part of the Eastern Mediterranean experienced an extraordinary episode of African dust, one of the most intense in recent years, here referred to as the "Minoan Red" event. The episode mainly affected the Greek island of Crete, where the highest aerosol concentrations over the past 15 yeas were recorded, although impacts were also felt well beyond this core area. Our study fills a gap in dust research by assessing the multi-sectoral impacts of sand and dust storms and their socioeconomic implications. Specifically, we provide a multi-sectoral impact assessment of Crete during the occurrence of this exceptional African dust event. During the day of the occurrence of the maximum dust concentration in Crete, i.e. March 22nd, 2018, we identified impacts on meteorological conditions, agriculture, transport, energy, society (including closing of schools and cancellation of social events), and emergency response systems. As a result, the event led to a 3-fold increase in daily emergency responses compare to previous days associated with urban emergencies and wildfires, a 3.5-fold increase in hospital visits and admissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations and dyspnoea, a reduction of visibility causing aircraft traffic disruptions (eleven cancellations and seven delays), and a reduction of solar energy production. We estimate the cost of direct and indirect effects of the dust episode, considering the most affected socio-economic sectors (e.g. civil protection, aviation, health and solar energy production), to be between 3.4 and 3.8 million EUR for Crete. Since such desert dust transport episodes are natural, meteorology-driven and thus to a large extent unavoidable, we argue that the efficiency of actions to mitigate dust impacts depends on the accuracy of operational dust forecasting and the implementation of relevant early warning systems for social awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Monteiro
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sara Basart
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stelios Kazadzis
- Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Votsis
- Dept. of Governance and Technology for Sustainability, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Climate Change and Society, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antonis Gkikas
- IAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Aurelio Tobias
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Carla Gama
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Pérez García-Pando
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - George Notas
- School of Medicine and University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nick Middleton
- St Anne's College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonilda Kushta
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
| | | | - Kostas Lagouvardos
- Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kosmopoulos
- Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), Greece
| | - Vasiliki Kotroni
- Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), Greece
| | - Maria Kanakidou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikos Mihalopoulos
- Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), Greece; Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikos Kalivitis
- IAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Athens, Greece; Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserová
- Agricultural University of Iceland, Keldnaholt, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Hesham El-Askary
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21522, Egypt
| | - Klaus Sievers
- ZAMG - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien, Austria
| | - T Giannaros
- Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), Greece
| | - Lucia Mona
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
| | - Marcus Hirtl
- ZAMG - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien, Austria
| | - Paul Skomorowski
- ZAMG - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien, Austria
| | - Timo H Virtanen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theodoros Christoudias
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
| | - Biagio Di Mauro
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Trippetta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
| | - Stanislav Kutuzov
- Dept. of Glaciology, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia; Faculty of Geography and Geoinformation Technologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russia
| | - Outi Meinander
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Gajski G, Gerić M, Pehnec G, Matković K, Rinkovec J, Jakovljević I, Godec R, Žužul S, Bešlić I, Cvitković A, Wild P, Guseva Canu I, Hopf NB. Associating Air Pollution with Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Parameters in Lymphocytes of the General Population in Zagreb (Croatia). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710083. [PMID: 36077482 PMCID: PMC9455971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is recognized as one of the most serious public health issues worldwide and was declared to be a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths. At the same time, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay serves as a cancer predictive method that is extensively used in human biomonitoring for populations exposed to environmental contamination. The objective of this cross-sectional study is two-fold: to evaluate genomic instability in a sample (N = 130) of healthy, general population residents from Zagreb (Croatia), chronically exposed to different levels of air pollution, and to relate them to air pollution levels in the period from 2011 to 2015. Measured frequencies of CBMN assay parameters were in agreement with the baseline data for the general population of Croatia. Air pollution exposure was based on four factors obtained from a factor analysis of all exposure data obtained for the examined period. Based on the statistical results, we did not observe a significant positive association between any of the CBMN assay parameters tested and measured air pollution parameters for designated time windows, except for benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) that showed significant negative association. Our results show that measured air pollution parameters are largely below the regulatory limits, except for B[a]P, and as such, they do not affect CBMN assay parameters’ frequency. Nevertheless, as air pollution is identified as a major health threat, it is necessary to conduct prospective studies investigating the effect of air pollution on genome integrity and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1468-2500
| | - Marko Gerić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Pehnec
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Matković
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Rinkovec
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jakovljević
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ranka Godec
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silva Žužul
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Bešlić
- Environmental Hygiene Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Cvitković
- Teaching Institute of Public Health Brod-Posavina County, 35000 Slavonski Brod, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Pascal Wild
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- PW Statistical Consulting, 54520 Laxou, France
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy B. Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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9
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Acute Effects of Particulate Matter on All-Cause Mortality in Urban, Rural, and Suburban Areas, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412895. [PMID: 34948503 PMCID: PMC8701500 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been related to mortality worldwide. Most evidence comes from studies conducted in major cities, while little is known on the effects of low concentrations of PM and in less urbanized areas. We aim to investigate the relationship between PM and all-cause mortality at national level in Italy. Methods: Daily numbers of all-cause mortality were collected for all 8092 municipalities of Italy, from 2006 to 2015. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was developed to estimate daily PM10 (inhalable particles) and PM2.5 (fine particles) concentrations at 1-km resolution. Multivariate Poisson regression models were fit to estimate the association between daily PM and mortality at province level, and then, results were pooled with a random-effects meta-analysis. Associations were estimated by combination of age and sex and degree of urbanization of the municipalities. Flexible functions were estimated to explore the shape of the associations at low PM concentrations. Results: We analyzed 5,884,900 deaths (40% among subjects older than 85 years, 60% occurring outside the main urban areas). National daily mean (interquartile range) PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 23 (14) μg/m3 and 15 (11) μg/m3, respectively. Relative increases of mortality per 10 μg/m3 variation in lag 0–5 (average of last six days since death) PM10 and PM2.5 were 1.47% (95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.15%, 1.79%) and 1.96% (1.33%, 2.59%), respectively. Associations were highest among elderly and women for PM10 only, similar between rural and urbanized areas, and were present even at low concentrations, e.g., below WHO guidelines. Conclusions: Air pollution was robustly associated with peaks in daily all-cause mortality in Italy, both in large cities and in less urbanized areas of Italy. Current WHO Air Quality Guidelines (2021) for PM10 and PM2.5 are not sufficient to protect public health.
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Wu C, Yan Y, Chen X, Gong J, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Yang N, Dai J, Zhang F, Xiang H. Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and type 2 diabetes mortality: A population-based time series study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117886. [PMID: 34371265 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute health effects of air pollution on diabetes risk have not been fully studied in developing countries and the results remain inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mortality in China. Data on T2DM mortality from 2013 to 2019 were obtained from the Cause of Death Reporting System (CDRS) of Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Air pollution data for the same period were collected from 10 national air quality monitoring stations of Wuhan Ecology and Environment Institute, including daily average PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2. Meteorological data including daily average temperature and relative humidity were collected from Wuhan Meteorological Bureau. Generalized additive models (GAM) based on quasi-Poisson distribution were applied to evaluate the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and daily T2DM deaths. A total of 9837 T2DM deaths were recorded during the study period in Wuhan. We found that short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 were positively associated with T2DM mortality, and gaseous pollutants appeared to have greater effects than particulate matter (PM). For the largest effect, per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 (lag 02), PM10 (lag 02), SO2 (lag 03), and NO2 (lag 02) were significantly associated with 1.099% (95% CI: 0.451, 1.747), 1.016% (95% CI: 0.517, 1.514), 3.835% (95% CI: 1.480, 6.189), and 1.587% (95% CI: 0.646, 2.528) increase of daily T2DM deaths, respectively. Stratified analysis showed that females or elderly population aged 65 and above were more susceptible to air pollution exposure. In conclusion, short-term exposure to air pollution was significantly associated with a higher risk of T2DM mortality. Further research is required to verify our findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangxin Wu
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqiong Yan
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Niannian Yang
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Dai
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 288# Machang Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Faxue Zhang
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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11
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Zajusz-Zubek E, Korban Z. The use of multi-criteria method in the process of threat assessment to the environment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18296. [PMID: 34521953 PMCID: PMC8440600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurements of the content of trace elements, including toxic and carcinogenic metals, in various fractions of particulate matter PM are an important element of environmental monitoring and research involving their impact on human health. The article presents the measurement results of atmospheric composition of suspended dust (PM10), respirable fraction (PM2.5) and submicron particulate matter (PM1) collected with the Dekati PM10 cascade impactor. Samples were collected in the vicinity of four working power plants (from 28 May to 23 September 2014) and four coking plants (from 4 May to 28 August 2015) in Upper Silesia, Poland. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the solutions: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb) and selenium (Se) obtained for individual fractions was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, using the apparatus ICP-MS. The research results were used to determine a synthetic assessment of the threat to the anthropogenic environment and for the preparation of the ranking of the measured points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwira Zajusz-Zubek
- Department of Air Protection, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 22B Konarskiego St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Zygmunt Korban
- Department of Safety Engineering, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Akademicka St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
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12
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Abstract
The adverse effects of polluted air on human health have been increasingly appreciated worldwide. It is estimated that outdoor air pollution is associated with the death of 4.2 million people globally each year. Accumulating epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), one of the important air pollutants, significantly contributes to respiratory mortality and morbidity. PM2.5 causes lung damage mainly by inducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In this paper, we reviewed the research results of our group on the effects of PM2.5 on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer. And recent research progress on epidemiological studies and potential mechanisms were also discussed. Reducing air pollution, although remaining a major challenge, is the best and most effective way to prevent the onset and progression of respiratory diseases.
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13
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Pan SY, Liou YT, Chang MB, Chou CCK, Ngo TH, Chi KH. Characteristics of PCDD/Fs in PM 2.5 from emission stacks and the nearby ambient air in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8093. [PMID: 33854096 PMCID: PMC8046994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to find the characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in fine particulate matter from different stationary emission sources (coal-fired boiler, CFB; municipal waste incinerator, MWI; electric arc furnace, EAF) in Taiwan and the relationship between PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PCDD/Fs with Taiwanese mortality risk. PM2.5 was quantified using gravimetry and corresponding chemical analyses were done for PM2.5-bound chemicals. Mortality risks of PM2.5 exposure and PCDD/Fs exposure were calculated using Poisson regression. The highest concentration of PM2.5 (0.53 ± 0.39 mg/Nm3) and PCDD/Fs (0.206 ± 0.107 ng I-TEQ/Nm3) was found in CFB and EAF, respectively. Higher proportions of PCDDs over PCDFs were observed in the flue gases of CFB and MWI whereas it was reversed in EAF. For ambient air, PCDD/F congeners around the stationary sources were dominated by PCDFs in vapor phase. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis found that the sources of atmosphere PCDD/Fs were 14.6% from EAF (r = 0.81), 52.6% from CFB (r = 0.74), 18.0% from traffic (r = 0.85) and 14.8% from MWI (r = 0.76). For the dioxin congener distribution, PCDDs were dominant in flue gases of CFB and MWI, PCDFs were dominant in EAF. It may be attributed to the different formation mechanisms among wastes incineration, steel-making, and coal-burning processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Yu Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi Ting Liou
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Moo Been Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Chungli, 320, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Tuan Hung Ngo
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,International Health Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai Hsien Chi
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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14
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Hu W, Chen Y, Chen J. Short-term effect of fine particular matter on daily hospitalizations for ischemic stroke: A time-series study in Yancheng, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111518. [PMID: 33120271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between short-term exposure to fine particular matter (PM2.5) and ischemic stroke (IS) in Yancheng, China, from 2017 to 2019. METHODS We designed a time-series study based on generalized additive models to explore the association of PM2.5 and IS admitted in two major hospitals in Yancheng. We built different lag patterns and conducted stratification analyses by age, gender, and season. Moreover, we examined the robustness of the associations adopting two-pollutant models and fitted the concentration-response curves. RESULT We observed positive and significant associations at lag 0 day. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (lag0) was associated with 1.06% (95% CI: 0.21%-1.91%) increases in hospitalizations for IS. The association remained stable and statistically significant to the adjustment of carbon monoxide and ozone. We observed that the associations were stronger in females and during cold seasons. The overall concentration-response relationship curve was linear positive and increased slowly but rose sharply at higher concentrations in the cold season. CONCLUSION Our study added to the evidence that short-term exposure to PM2.5 may induce IS, and the government should take action to address the air pollution issues and protect susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jinhua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Dafeng, Yancheng, China.
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15
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Tian F, Qi J, Wang L, Yin P, Qian ZM, Ruan Z, Liu J, Liu Y, McMillin SE, Wang C, Lin H, Zhou M. Differentiating the effects of ambient fine and coarse particles on mortality from cardiopulmonary diseases: A nationwide multicity study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106096. [PMID: 32916417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both inhalable particles (PM10) and fine particles (PM2.5) are regulated in various countries mainly due to their adverse health effects. However, there is increasing evidence that PM2.5 might be responsible for these effects and coarse particles (PMc) plays little role in adverse health effects, if so, it might be not necessary to monitor PM10. METHODS In this study, we conducted a time-series analysis using a generalized additive model to explore the effects of PM2.5, PMc, and PM10 on mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 96 Chinese cities during 2013-2016. The mortality number and attributable fraction were further estimated using the national air quality standard and WHO's guideline as the reference. RESULTS We observed significant effects of PM2.5 on IHD and COPD mortality; each 10 ug/m3 increase in lag01 PM2.5 was associated with a 0.26% (95% CI: 0.17%, 0.34%) increase in IHD mortality and a 0.19% (95% CI: 0.09%, 0.29%) increase in COPD mortality. We also found significant effects of PMc and PM10 on mortality from IHD and COPD, but the magnitudes of effects were weaker than those of PM2.5. The results were robust when adjusting for co-pollutants and altering model parameters. We further estimated that about 1.27% (95% CI: 0.29%, 2.30%) of IHD mortality and 1.25% (95% CI: 0.08%, 2.46%) of COPD mortality could be attributable to PM2.5 exposure using WHO's guideline (25 ug/m3) as a reference, corresponding to 15,337 (95% CI: 3,375, 27,842) mortalities from IHD and 5,653 (95% CI: 379, 11,152) COPD mortalities in the 96 cities. Across all of China, almost fifty thousand cases of IHD mortality and twenty thousand cases of COPD mortality might be avoidable if the PM2.5 concentration declined to the WHO guideline. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that short-term exposure to PM2.5 could be an important risk factor of mortality from IHD and COPD, and substantial cardiopulmonary mortality could be avoidable by reducing daily PM2.5 concentrations. It is nonnegligible to consider the role of PMc in triggering in cardiopulmonary mortality. And it could be necessary to continue monitoring PM10 in the study regions due to the adverse effects of PMc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiangmei Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yunning Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | | | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
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16
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Lemou A, Rabhi L, Merabet H, Ladji R, Nicolas JB, Bonnaire N, Mustapha MA, Dilmi R, Sciare J, Mihalopoulos N, Yassaa N. Chemical characterization of fine particles (PM 2.5) at a coastal site in the South Western Mediterranean during the ChArMex experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20427-20445. [PMID: 32240509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As part of the ChArMEx project (Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment, http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr), one year of continuous filter sampling was conducted from August 2012 to August 2013 at a rural (coastal) site in Algeria aiming to better document fine aerosol seasonal variability and chemical composition in the Southern part of the Mediterranean. Over 350 filters have been collected, weighted, and analyzed for the main ions and organic and elemental carbon. The obtained mass concentrations varied between 2.5 and 50.6 μg/m3 for PM2.5. The annual modulations of PM2.5 showed higher concentrations in the end summer 2012 and the early summer 2013 (28.50 μg/m3 in August 2012, 20.23 μg/m3 in September 2012, 20.19 μg/m3 in July 2013, and 17.88 μg/m3in August 2013). The particulate organic matter (POM) presented the greatest contribution (50%), followed by the secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, 27%). The average organic carbon OC concentrations ranged from 1.66 to 6.05 μgC/m3. The average elemental carbon EC concentrations ranged from 0.92 to 3.49 μgC/m3 and contributed 7% of the PM2.5 mass to Bou-Ismail. The average value of the OC /EC ratio was close to 5.1 in Bou-Ismail, and was close to that found in Finokalia 4 (Greece 2004, 2006) but was lower than that of Montseny 11 (Spain 2002-2007) Western Mediterranean Basin (WMB). The concentrations of water-soluble organic carbon WSOC in the PM2.5 ranging from 0.66 to 3.70 μg/m3 recorded the minimum level in March 2013, and the maximum level in August 2012, with an average of 2.02 μg/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Lemou
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Organique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
- Unité de Recherche en Analyses et Développement Technologiques en Environnement-Centre de Recherche Scientifiques et Techniques en Analyses Physico-chimiques UR-ADTE- CRAPC, BP 384 Zone Industrielle Bou-Ismail RP, 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Lyes Rabhi
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Organique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
- Unité de Recherche en Analyses et Développement Technologiques en Environnement-Centre de Recherche Scientifiques et Techniques en Analyses Physico-chimiques UR-ADTE- CRAPC, BP 384 Zone Industrielle Bou-Ismail RP, 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Hamza Merabet
- Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, BP 62, Route de l'Observatoire, Bouzaréah, 16340, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Riad Ladji
- Unité de Recherche en Analyses et Développement Technologiques en Environnement-Centre de Recherche Scientifiques et Techniques en Analyses Physico-chimiques UR-ADTE- CRAPC, BP 384 Zone Industrielle Bou-Ismail RP, 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - José B Nicolas
- LSCE, CEA Orme des Merisiers, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Bonnaire
- LSCE, CEA Orme des Merisiers, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Abou Mustapha
- Unité de Recherche en Analyses et Développement Technologiques en Environnement-Centre de Recherche Scientifiques et Techniques en Analyses Physico-chimiques UR-ADTE- CRAPC, BP 384 Zone Industrielle Bou-Ismail RP, 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Redha Dilmi
- Unité de Recherche en Analyses et Développement Technologiques en Environnement-Centre de Recherche Scientifiques et Techniques en Analyses Physico-chimiques UR-ADTE- CRAPC, BP 384 Zone Industrielle Bou-Ismail RP, 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Jean Sciare
- LSCE, CEA Orme des Merisiers, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- The Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment and Water Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nikolaos Mihalopoulos
- The Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment and Water Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, P. O. Box 2208, Voutes, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Noureddine Yassaa
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Organique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
- Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, BP 62, Route de l'Observatoire, Bouzaréah, 16340, Algiers, Algeria.
- Commissariat aux Energies Renouvelables et à l'Efficacité Energétique, CEREFE, 12 Rue Docteur Saâdane, Algiers, Algeria.
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Zhang X, Ni C, Zhang J, Zheng C. Temperature modulation of the adverse consequences on human mortality due to exposure to fine particulates: A study of multiple cities in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109353. [PMID: 32222628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter of smaller than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) is linked to increased human mortality, and could be further complicated by concurrent ambient air temperatures. Published reports indicate that the association between ambient temperatures and mortality due to PM2.5 exposure is dissimilar across different geographic areas. Thus, it is unclear how ambient temperatures at different geographic locations can together modulate the influence of PM2.5 on mortality. In this paper, we examined how temperature modulated the association between mortality and PM2.5 exposure in 15 Chinese cities during 2014-2016. For analysis, First, Poisson generalized additive models under different temperature stratifications (<10th, 10-90th, and >90th temperature percentiles) was used to estimate PM2.5 associations to mortality, which were specific to different cities. Second, we used a meta-analysis to combine the effects at each temperature stratum and region (southern and northern China). Results revealed that high temperatures (daily mean temperature >90th percentile) robustly amplified observed associations of mortality and PM2.5 exposure, and the modifications were heterogeneous geographically. In the northern regions, a 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was associated with 0.18%, 0.28%, and 1.54% increase in non-accidental mortalities and 0.33%, 0.39%, and 1.32% increase in cardiovascular mortalities at low, moderate, and high temperature levels, respectively. In the southern regions, a 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was associated with 0.52%, 0.62%, and 1.90% increase in non-accidental mortalities and 0.55%, 0.98%, and 2.25% increase in cardiovascular mortalities at low, moderate, and high temperature levels, respectively. It is concluded that temperature altered PM2.5-mortality associations in southern and northern China synergistically, but the effect was more pronounced in the south. Therefore, geography and temperature need to be considered when studying how PM2.5 affects health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shigong Wang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China; Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Changjian Ni
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Canjun Zheng
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
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Yang J, Zhou M, Zhang F, Yin P, Wang B, Guo Y, Tong S, Wang H, Zhang C, Sun Q, Song X, Liu Q. Diabetes mortality burden attributable to short-term effect of PM 10 in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18784-18792. [PMID: 32207004 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08376-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution may be associated with diabetes mellitus. However, evidence from developing countries is limited although the concentrations of air pollution are disproportionably higher in these countries. We collected daily data on diabetes mortality, air pollution, and weather conditions from 16 Chinese provincial cities during 2007-2013. A quasi-Poisson regression combined with a distributed lag model was used to quantify the city-specific mortality risk of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm). Then, a random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to pool effect estimates from 16 cities. We also calculated the attributable fraction and attributable number of diabetes mortality due to PM10. Effects of PM10 were found to be acute and limited to 3 days. Harvesting effect of PM10 was found during lag 4-10 days on diabetes mortality. An increase of 0.17% (95%CI: 0.01-0.34), 0.48% (95%CI: 0.22-0.73), and 0.53% (95%CI: 0.27-0.80) in diabetes mortality was associated with per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 at lag 0, 0-4 and 0-10 days, respectively. Totally, 5.76% (95%CI: 2.59-8.00%) and 5878 (95%CI: 2639-8163) deaths due to diabetes could be attributable to PM10. If the concentration of PM10 attained the Chinese government and WHO targets, the reduction in number of PM2.5-attributed diabetes deaths was 2016 and 5528, respectively. Higher effect estimates of PM10 were observed among females and those aged 0-64 years old at lag 0 day, while greater cumulative effects of PM10 were among males, the elderly aged 75 or over, and the illiterate at lag 0-10 days. However, the between-group differences were not statistically significant. It is one of the few studies on examining the attributable burden of diabetes mortality caused by particulate matter. Our findings indicated that effective efforts on controlling air pollution could reduce a prominent number of air pollution-related diabetes deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China
- CAPHRI School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Boguang Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shilu Tong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health and Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiuping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Xie JJ, Yuan CG, Xie J, Niu XD, He AE. PM 2.5-bound potentially toxic elements (PTEs) fractions, bioavailability and health risks before and after coal limiting. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110249. [PMID: 32044603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fractions, bioavailability, health risks of fine particulate maters (PM2.5)-bound potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn) were investigated before and after coal limiting in Baoding city. The winter PM2.5 samples were collected at different functional areas such as residential area (RA), industrial area (IA), suburb (SB), street (ST) and Botanical Garden Park (BG) in 2016 (coal dominated year) and 2017 (gas dominated year). The fractions and bioavailability of PTEs were determined and evaluated based on BCR sequential extraction. Health risks through inhalation exposure were evaluated by US EPA health risk assessment model. The results from different years and functional areas were compared and discussed. The fractions and bioavailability of PM2.5-bound PTEs varied with functional areas. The percentages of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in acid-soluble fraction (F1-Cd and F1-Zn) to the total amount of Cd and Zn were low in BG samples (p < 0.05). Bioavailability of Cd were high in SB samples (p < 0.05). Total contents of PM-bound PTEs in 2017 generally decreased compared with 2016. The differences of fraction and bioavailability between 2016 and 2017 depended on the elements and areas. Higher proportions of copper (Cu) in acid-soluble fraction (F1-Cu) and bioavailability of Cu (p < 0.05) were found in 2017 samples. Significant differences were found just at IA and RA for Pb, Cd and Zn. Our results indicated that the health risks from inhalation exposure for PTEs in PM2.5 declined about 11%-52% after the coal limiting in this city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Xie
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Chun-Gang Yuan
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Jin Xie
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Niu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - An-En He
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China
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Source Apportionment of Fine Organic and Inorganic Atmospheric Aerosol in an Urban Background Area in Greece. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM) originates from various emission sources and physicochemical processes. Quantification of the sources of PM is an important step during the planning of efficient mitigation strategies and the investigation of the potential risks to human health. Usually, source apportionment studies focus either on the organic or on the inorganic fraction of PM. In this study that took place in Patras, Greece, we address both PM fractions by combining measurements from a range of on- and off-line techniques, including elemental composition, organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) measurements, and high-resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) from different techniques. Six fine PM2.5 sources were identified based on the off-line measurements: secondary sulfate (34%), biomass burning (15%), exhaust traffic emissions (13%), nonexhaust traffic emissions (12%), mineral dust (10%), and sea salt (5%). The analysis of the AMS spectra quantified five factors: two oxygenated organic aerosols (OOA) factors (an OOA and a marine-related OOA, 52% of the total organic aerosols (OA)), cooking OA (COA, 11%) and two biomass burning OA (BBOA-I and BBOA-II, 37% in total) factors. The results of the two methods were synthesized, showcasing the complementarity of the two methodologies for fine PM source identification. The synthesis suggests that the contribution of biomass burning is quite robust, but that the exhaust traffic emissions are not due to local sources and may also include secondary OA from other sources.
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Peng L, Xiao S, Gao W, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Yang D, Ye X. Short-term associations between size-fractionated particulate air pollution and COPD mortality in Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113483. [PMID: 31677877 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Particulate air pollution is a continuing challenge in China, and its adverse effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been widely reported. However, epidemiological evidence on the associations between size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNCs) and COPD mortality is limited. In this study, we utilized a time-series approach to investigate the associations between PNCs of particles at 0.25-10 μm in diameter and COPD mortality in Shanghai, China. Quasi-Poisson regression generalized additive models were applied to evaluate these associations, with adjustment of time trend, day of week, holidays, temperature and relative humidity. Stratification analyses were performed by season and gender. There were a total of 3238 deaths due to COPD during the study period. We found that daily COPD deaths were significantly associated with PNCs of particles <0.5 μm, and the magnitude of associations increased with decreasing particle size. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in PNC0.25-0.28, PNC0.28-0.3, PNC0.3-0.35, PNC0.35-0.4, PNC0.4-0.45 and PNC0.45--0.5 was associated with increments of 7.51% (95%CI: 2.45%, 12.81%), 7.22% (95%CI: 2.16%, 12.53%), 6.95% (95%CI: 1.81%, 12.35%), 6.26% (95%CI: 1.25%, 11.52%), 5.24% (95%CI: 0.56%, 10.13%) and 4.15% (95%CI: 0.14%, 8.32%), respectively. The associations remained robustness after controlling for the mass concentrations of gaseous air pollutants. In stratification analyses, significant associations between PNCs and COPD mortality were observed in the cold seasons, and in males. Our results suggested that particles <0.5 μm in diameter might be most responsible for the adverse effects of particulate air pollution on COPD mortality, and COPD patients are more susceptible to PM air pollution in the cold seasons, especially for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai, 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Shaotan Xiao
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaofang Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Lin Y, Zhou S, Liu H, Cui Z, Hou F, Feng S, Zhang Y, Liu H, Lu C, Yu P. Risk Analysis of Air Pollution and Meteorological Factors Affecting the Incidence of Diabetes in the Elderly Population in Northern China. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3673980. [PMID: 33134393 PMCID: PMC7593725 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3673980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research investigating the effect of air pollution on diabetes incidence is mostly conducted in Europe and the United States and often produces conflicting results. The link between meteorological factors and diabetes incidence remains to be explored. We aimed to explore associations between air pollution and diabetes incidence and to estimate the nonlinear and lag effects of meteorological factors on diabetes incidence. METHODS Our study included 19,000 people aged ≥60 years from the Binhai New District without diabetes at baseline. The generalized additive model (GAM) and the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) were used to explore the effect of air pollutants and meteorological factors on the incidence of diabetes. In the model combining the GAM and DLNM, the impact of each factor (delayed by 30 days) was first observed separately to select statistically significant factors, which were then incorporated into the final multivariate model. The association between air pollution and the incidence of diabetes was assessed in subgroups based on age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS We found that cumulative RRs for diabetes incidence were 1.026 (1.011-1.040), 1.019 (1.012-1.026), and 1.051 (1.019-1.083) per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2, respectively, as well as 1.156 (1.058-1.264) per 1 mg/m3 increase in CO in a single-pollutant model. Increased temperature, excessive humidity or dryness, and shortened sunshine duration were positively correlated with the incidence of diabetes in single-factor models. After adjusting for temperature, humidity, and sunshine, the risk of diabetes increased by 9.2% (95% confidence interval (CI):2.1%-16.8%) per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. We also found that women, the elderly (≥75 years), and obese subjects were more susceptible to the effect of PM2.5. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that PM2.5 is positively correlated with the incidence of diabetes in the elderly, and the relationship between various meteorological factors and diabetes in the elderly is nonlinear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Saijun Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Hou
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Yourui Zhang
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunlan Lu
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
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Xie JJ, Yuan CG, Xie J, Shen YW, Zha DW, Zhang KG, Zhu HT. Fraction distribution of arsenic in different-sized atmospheric particulate matters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:30826-30835. [PMID: 31444729 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06176-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The sequential extraction method was used to determine the fraction of arsenic (As) in different-sized particulate matters (PMs) (i.e., PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particles (TSP)). Samples were collected from Baoding, a typical medium-sized city with the serious haze pollution in China. The bioavailabilities of As in the samples were estimated based on the fraction results. A large percentage of fine particles were detected in TSP, with the average PM2.5/PM10 and PM10/TSP ratios all above 0.69. The total concentrations of As in PM2.5, PM10, and TSP samples were in the range of 4.5-296.4, 14.1-708.0, and 32.8-798.0 ng m-3, respectively. The mass percentages of As in PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10-100 were calculated; the results indicated that As tended to concentrate in fine particles. PM-bound As mainly presented in the nonspecifically sorbed fraction (F1) during all of the sampling periods. The percentages of F1-As and bioavailability of As were higher in PM2.5, followed by PM10 and TSP. By contrast, the residual fraction (F5-As) contents declined in the order of TSP > PM10 > PM2.5. Significant differences in the speciation and bioavailability of As in different-sized PMs were found, and the influence of particle size on the speciation and bioavailability of As in PMs was verified. Fine particles adsorbed more As with higher bioavailability, and potentially led to more serious adverse effects on human health than the larger ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Xie
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Gang Yuan
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin Xie
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Shen
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wen Zha
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Gang Zhang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
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Hassan L, Pecht T, Goldstein N, Haim Y, Kloog I, Yarza S, Sarov B, Novack V. The effects of ambient particulate matter on human adipose tissue. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:564-576. [PMID: 31242808 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1634381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution on adipose tissue have mainly been studied in animal models. The aim of this study was to examine the potential associations between PM exposure and 25 cellular markers in human omental (OM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue. The PM exposure assessments for both PM2.5 (PM <2.5 μm in diameter) and PM10 (<10 μm) were based upon a novel hybrid satellite-based spatio-temporally resolved model. We calculated the PM exposure above the background threshold for 1 week (acute phase), 3 and 6 months (intermediate phase), and 1 year (chronic phase) prior to tissue harvesting and tested the associations with adipose cell metabolic effects using multiple linear regressions and heat maps strategy. Chemokine levels were found to increase after acute and intermediate exposure duration to PM10. The levels of stress signaling biomarkers in the SC and OM tissues rose after acute exposure to PM10 and PM2.5. Macrophage and leucocyte counts were associated with severity of PM exposure in all three duration groups. Adipocyte diameter decreased in all exposure periods. Our results provide evidence for significant contribution of air pollutants exposure to adipose tissue inflammation as well as for pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic dysregulation that may be involved in the observed responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Hassan
- a Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Tal Pecht
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Nir Goldstein
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Yulia Haim
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Itai Kloog
- c Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Shaked Yarza
- a Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Batia Sarov
- d Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Victor Novack
- a Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel
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Rath M, Pattanayak B. Technological improvement in modern health care applications using Internet of Things (IoT) and proposal of novel health care approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HEALTH CARE 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/ijhrh-01-2018-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of emerging engineering technology and industrialization, there are greater changes in the life style of people in smart urban cities; therefore, there is also more chance of various health problems in urban areas. The life style of persons in metro urban areas with the expansive volume of population is similarly influenced by different application and administration frameworks. These are affecting the human health system up to an extended extent and there are more health-related issues and health hazard concerns that can be identified in urban areas. The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical study on various aspects of the smart health care system in a smart perspective by analyzing them with respect to emerging engineering technologies such as mobile network, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics and ubiquitous computing. This paper also carries out a detailed survey of health issues and improved solutions in automated systems using these technologies. Second, the paper also presents a novel health care system using smart and safe ambulances and their appropriate control at traffic points with safety and security features in a smart city, so that the valuable life of patients can be saved in time by immediate treatment in nearest hospital or health care units.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an analytical survey was conducted for improvement in the health care sector using computer technology and IoT-based various modern health care applications. An idea of Smart Health Care Hospital using sensors, mobile agent smart vehicle configuration and safety traffic control for ambulance was proposed.
Findings
A simulation was carried out to see the performance of a safety mechanism in the proposed approach. Comparative analysis was carried out with other approaches to know the execution time, response time and probable delay due to the implementation of this approach.
Originality/value
It is an original research work with motivation inspired from current emergent technology to apply in the health care system.
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Wang K, Hao Y, Au W, Christiani DC, Xia ZL. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Short-Term Particulate Matter Exposure and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hospitalizations in China. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:e112-e124. [PMID: 30640845 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a meta-analysis of short-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) hospitalizations in China, including data from two-pollutant model. METHODS From PubMed and Web of Science, we selected case-crossover or time-series studies conducted in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, or Taiwan to investigate the association between PM exposure and COPD hospitalizations. The meta-analysis was performed using data from both single-pollutant and two-pollutant models for PM2.5 and PM10. RESULTS A total of 16 studies were included in our analysis. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 were both significantly associated with COPD hospitalizations. The results remained robust in two-pollutant model, whereas subgroup analyses demonstrated a modest heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Our review shows a small but obvious exposure-hospitalization effect in China. More studies are needed to generate the needed evidence, and advocacy is needed to stimulate initiation of solutions to the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Mr Wang, Dr Hao, and Dr Xia); Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China (Dr Au); University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu Mures, Romania (Dr Au); Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (Dr Christiani)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing worldwide with no known cure and an increasing number of triggers that exacerbate symptoms and speed up progression. This review aims to summarize the evidence for COPD patients being more vulnerable to air pollution exposure assessed as acute effects. RECENT FINDINGS Several recent systematic reviews show consistently increased risks for COPD mortality and COPD hospital admission, ranging between 2 and 3% with increasing PM2.5 or PM10. Similar adverse impacts were shown for NO2. Also, adverse health effects among COPD patients were also found for other gaseous pollutants such as ozone and SO2; most of these studies could not be included in the meta-analysis we reviewed. Data from ten panel studies of COPD patients reported a small but statistically significant decline of FEV1 [- 3.38 mL (95% CI - 6.39 to - 0.37)] per increment of 10 μg/m3 PM10, supporting an impact on respiratory health with increasing PM10 exposure. The combined information from systematic reviews and more recent findings lead us to conclude that COPD patients are more vulnerable to ambient air pollution than healthier people.
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Sun Q, Liu C, Chen R, Wang C, Li J, Sun J, Kan H, Cao J, Bai H. Association of fine particulate matter on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Yancheng, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1665-1670. [PMID: 30273725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence on the association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is limited in China. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between PM2.5 and AECOPD in Yancheng, China from 2015 to 2017. METHODS In this time-series study, we used a generalized linear model with quasi-Poisson regression to investigate the association between PM2.5 and AECOPD admitted in two major hospitals in Yancheng. We tested the robustness of the associations using two-pollutant models and examined the potential effect modification by age, gender and season via stratification analyses. Lastly, we fitted the concentration-response curves. RESULTS We identified a total of 4761 AECOPD inpatients during the study period. The average daily-mean PM2.5 concentration was 45.2 μg/m3. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration on the concurrent day of the onset of AECOPD was associated with a 1.05% (95% confidence interval: 0.14%, 1.96%) increase in AECOPD. The association was robust to the adjustment of ozone, but not to sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The association was larger in females, elderly patients, and was restricted within the cold season, but all between-group differences were insignificant. The concentration-response relationship curves were generally linear but flatted at concentrations over 40 μg/m3. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a higher risk of AECOPD associated with present-day PM2.5 exposure in a Chinese city. We further provided important information on lag patterns, susceptible subgroups, sensitive seasons, as well as the characteristics of the concentration-response relationship curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province 224006, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province 224006, China
| | - Jiading Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province 224006, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingyan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224006, China
| | - Hongjian Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province 224006, China.
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Metabolic Syndrome and Air Pollution: A Narrative Review of Their Cardiopulmonary Effects. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7010006. [PMID: 30704059 PMCID: PMC6468691 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) are both significant global health burdens. PM exposure has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MetSyn and cardiopulmonary diseases. Individuals with pre-existing MetSyn may be more susceptible to the detrimental effects of PM exposure. Our aim was to provide a narrative review of MetSyn/PM-induced systemic inflammation in cardiopulmonary disease, with a focus on prior studies of the World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed Fire Department of New York (FDNY). We included studies (1) published within the last 16-years; (2) described the epidemiology of MetSyn, obstructive airway disease (OAD), and vascular disease in PM-exposed individuals; (3) detailed the known mechanisms of PM-induced inflammation, MetSyn and cardiopulmonary disease; and (4) focused on the effects of PM exposure in WTC-exposed FDNY firefighters. Several investigations support that inhalation of PM elicits pulmonary and systemic inflammation resulting in MetSyn and cardiopulmonary disease. Furthermore, individuals with these preexisting conditions are more sensitive to PM exposure-related inflammation, which can exacerbate their conditions and increase their risk for hospitalization and chronic disease. Mechanistic research is required to elucidate biologically plausible therapeutic targets of MetSyn- and PM-induced cardiopulmonary disease.
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Renzi M, Forastiere F, Calzolari R, Cernigliaro A, Madonia G, Michelozzi P, Davoli M, Scondotto S, Stafoggia M. Short-term effects of desert and non-desert PM 10 on mortality in Sicily, Italy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 120:472-479. [PMID: 30145311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased PM10 concentrations are commonly observed during Saharan dust advections. Limited epidemiological evidence suggests that PM10 from anthropogenic and desert sources increase mortality. We aimed to evaluate the association between source-specific PM10 (non-desert and desert) and cause-specific mortality in Sicily during 2006-2012 period. METHODS Daily PM10 concentrations at 1-km2 were estimated in Sicily using satellite-based data, fixed monitors and land use variables. We identified Saharan dust episodes using meteorological models, back-trajectories, aerosol maps, and satellite images. For each dust day, we estimated desert and non-desert PM10 concentrations. We applied a time-series approach on 390 municipalities of Sicily to estimate the association between PM10 (non-desert and desert) and daily cause-specific mortality. RESULTS 33% of all days were affected by Saharan dust advections. PM10 concentrations were 8 μg/m3 higher during dust days compared to other days. We found positive associations of both non-desert and desert PM10 with cause-specific mortality. We estimated percent increases of risk (IR%) of non-accidental mortality equal to 2.3% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.4, 3.1) and 3.8% (3.2, 4.4), per 10 μg/m3 increases in non-desert and desert PM10 at lag 0-5, respectively. We also observed significant associations with cardiovascular (2.4% [1.3, 3.4] and 4.5% [3.8, 5.3]) and respiratory mortality (8.1% [6.8, 9.5], and 6.3% [5.4, 7.2]). We estimated higher effects during April-September, with IR% = 4.4% (3.2, 5.7) and 6.3% (5.4, 7.2) for non-desert and desert PM10, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm previous evidence of harmful effects of desert PM10 on non-accidental and cardio-respiratory mortality, especially during the warm season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Renzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Calzolari
- Sicilia Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention (ARPA), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Madonia
- Sicilia Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention (ARPA), Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Michelozzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Davoli
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy; Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Stockholm, Sweden
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Zheng PW, Shen P, Ye ZH, Zhang ZY, Chai PF, Li D, Jin MJ, Tang ML, Lu HC, Lin HB, Wang JB, Chen K. Acute effect of fine and coarse particular matter on cardiovascular visits in Ningbo, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:33548-33555. [PMID: 30269277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although a growing number of epidemiological studies have been conducted on size-specific health effects of particulate matter in China, results remain inconsistent. In this study, we investigated acute effect of fine and coarse particular matter on cardiovascular hospital visits in Ningbo, China. We used generalized additive models to examine short-term effects of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 on cardiovascular hospital visits by adjustment for temporal, seasonal, and meteorological effects. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age, sex, and season. We also examined the stability of their effects in multi-pollutant models. We found that PM2.5 were associated with cardiovascular hospital visits (RR = 1.006; 95% CI 1.000, 1.011) and results remained similar after adjustment for PM10-2.5 (RR = 1.005; 95% CI 0.998, 1.013). There was a borderline association between PM10-2.5 and cardiovascular hospital visits (RR = 1.007; 95% CI 0.997, 1.016), which disappeared after controlling for PM2.5 (RR = 1.000; 95% CI 0.988, 1.013). The associations appeared to be stronger in the cold season and among the elderly (≥ 75 years). The findings of this study suggested significant adverse effects of PM2.5, but no independent effects of PM10-2.5 on cardiovascular hospital visits. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- John Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Peng-Fei Chai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Die Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Juan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng-Ling Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huai-Chu Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Hong-Bo Lin
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Jian-Bing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, C217 Academic Building, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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Stallings-Smith S, Mease A, Johnson TM, Arikawa AY. Exploring the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and diabetes among adults in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:588-594. [PMID: 29982146 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and diabetes and to determine whether effects are heterogeneous when examined by body mass index (BMI). METHODS Cross-sectional data from 8664 participants were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for years 2005-2014. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between urinary biomarkers of PAHs and diabetes. All models were adjusted for age, sex, race, poverty-income ratio, and serum cotinine. RESULTS When compared with the lowest quintiles of exposure, the highest quintiles of exposure to 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 9-hydroxyfluorene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, and a summed variable of all low molecular weight PAHs (aOR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.17-2.55) showed a positive association with diabetes. Stratified analyses by BMI indicated that the positive association between PAHs and diabetes was found among both normal weight and obese participants. CONCLUSIONS High levels of exposure to PAHs are positively associated with diabetes in the U.S. general population and these effects are modified by BMI. These findings suggest the importance of strong environmental regulation of PAHs to protect population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sericea Stallings-Smith
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Anna Mease
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Tammie M Johnson
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Andrea Y Arikawa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Wang X, Zhang L, Yao Z, Ai S, Qian ZM, Wang H, BeLue R, Liu T, Xiao J, Li X, Zeng W, Ma W, Lin H. Ambient coarse particulate pollution and mortality in three Chinese cities: Association and attributable mortality burden. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:1037-1042. [PMID: 30045528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The short-term mortality effects of ambient fine particulate matter air pollution have been widely investigated in China. However, the associations between day-to-day variation in ambient coarse particles pollution (PMc) and mortality, as well as the corresponding mortality burden, remain understudied. We estimated the short-term PMc-mortality association in three Chinese cities of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region during the period of 2013-16. The city-specific association was first estimated using generalized additive models and then combined to obtain the overall effect estimates. We further estimated PMc related attributable fraction and attributable mortality. Our study found a significant association between PMc and mortality. Each 10μg/m3 increase of a current day's PMc was associated with a 1.37% (95% CI: 0.55%, 2.22%) increase in total mortality, a 1.63% increase (95% CI: 0.31%, 2.98%) in cardiovascular mortality, and a 0.97% increase (95% CI: -0.17%, 2.13%) in respiratory mortality in the three cities. We estimated that 0.37% (95% CI: 0.14%, 0.61%) and 2.72% (95% CI: 1.03%, 4.50%) of total mortalities were attributable to PMc by using China's standards and WHO's air quality guidelines as references-corresponding to 1394 (95% CI: 528, 2291) and 10,305 (95% CI: 3884, 17,000) attributable premature mortalities in the three cities, respectively. This study suggests that ambient coarse particulate pollution might be one important risk factor of total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, as well as account for substantial mortality burdens in the three Chinese cities of the PRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Siqi Ai
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Rhonda BeLue
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Linares C, Falcón I, Ortiz C, Díaz J. An approach estimating the short-term effect of NO 2 on daily mortality in Spanish cities. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 116:18-28. [PMID: 29635093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Road traffic is the most significant source of urban air pollution. PM2.5 is the air pollutant whose health effects have been most closely studied, and is the variable most commonly used as a proxy indicator of exposure to air pollution, whereas evidence on NO2 concentrations per se is still under study. In the case of Spain, there are no specific updated studies which calculate short-term NO2-related mortality. OBJECTIVE To quantify the relative risks (RRs) and attributable risks (ARs) of daily mortality associated with NO2 concentrations recorded in Spain across the study period, 2000-2009; and to calculate the number of NO2-related deaths. MATERIAL AND METHODS We calculated daily mortality due to natural causes (ICD-10: A00 R99), circulatory causes (ICD-10: I00 I99) and respiratory causes (ICD-10: J00 J99) for each province across the period 2000-2009, using data supplied by the National Statistics Institute. Mean daily NO2 concentrations in μg/m3 for each provincial capital were furnished by the Ministry of Agriculture & Environment, along with the equivalent figures for the control pollutants (PM10). To estimate RRs and ARs, we used generalised linear models with a Poisson link, controlling for maximum and minimum daily temperature, trend of the series, seasonalities, and the autoregressive nature of the series. A meta-analysis with random effects was used to estimate RRs and ARs nationwide. RESULTS The overall RRs obtained for Spain, corresponding to increases of 10 μg/m3 in NO2 concentrations were 1.012 (95% CI: 1.010 1.014) for natural-cause mortality, 1.028 (95% CI: 1.019 1.037) for respiratory-cause mortality, and 1.016 (95% CI: 1.012 1.021) for circulatory-cause mortality. This amounted to an annual overall 6085 deaths (95% CI: 3288 9427) due to natural causes, 1031 (95% CI: 466 1585) due to respiratory causes, and 1978 (95% CI: 828 3197) due to circulatory causes. CONCLUSION By virtue of the number of cities involved and the nature of the analysis performed, with quantification of the RRs and ARs of the short-term impact of NO2 on daily mortality in Spain, this study provides an updated estimate of the effect had by this type of pollutant on causes of mortality, and constitutes an important basis for reinforcing public health measures at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Linares
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Falcón
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortiz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Díaz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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Li D, Wang JB, Zhang ZY, Shen P, Zheng PW, Jin MJ, Lu HC, Lin HB, Chen K. Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and daily mortality: a time-series study in Eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16135-16143. [PMID: 29594907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Few studies were conducted to evaluate health effects of acute exposure to PM2.5 and daily mortality in Asian countries due to lack of large-scale PM2.5 monitoring data. We conducted a time-series study to examine the associations of short-term exposure to four common air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2) and daily mortality in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. We used generalized addictive model (GAM) to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of these four air pollutants with daily mortality. The study included 9365 people in the 2-year study period from 2014 to 2015. SO2 were significantly associated with risk of NAD, RD, and CD mortality with RRs of 1.034 (95% CI 1.004, 1.064), 1.067 (95% CI 1.010, 1.127), and 1.049 (95% CI 1.001, 1.098), respectively.PM2.5 and PM10 were significantly associated with risk of death from NAD mortality in warm season. Similar associations were observed for PM10 (RR = 1.056, 95% CI 1.004, 1.111) and risk of CD mortality. The study provides further evidence that short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 are associated with increased risk of daily mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, NO. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Bing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, NO. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- John Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, 21218, MD, USA
| | - Peng Shen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Pei-Wen Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, NO. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Juan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, NO. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huai-Chu Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Hong-Bo Lin
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, NO. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Hu R, Xie XY, Xu SK, Wang YN, Jiang M, Wen LR, Lai W, Guan L. PM 2.5 Exposure Elicits Oxidative Stress Responses and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway Activation in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:2205-2214. [PMID: 28816208 PMCID: PMC5598333 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.212942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is a dominant and ubiquitous air pollutant that has become a global concern as PM2.5 exposure has been linked to many adverse health effects including cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Emerging evidence supports a correlation between increased air PM2.5 levels and skin disorders although reports on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are limited. Oxidative stress is the most common mechanism of PM2.5-induced adverse health effects. This study aimed to investigate PM2.5-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Methods: HaCaT cells were exposed to 0, 25, 50, 100, or 200 μg/ml PM2.5 for 24 h. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation products, antioxidant activity, DNA damage, apoptotic protein expression, and cell apoptosis were measured. Results: PM2.5 exposure (0-200 μg/ml) for 24 h resulted in increased ROS levels (arbitrary unit: 201.00 ± 19.28, 264.50 ± 17.91, 305.05 ± 19.57, 427.95 ± 18.32, and 436.70 ± 17.77) and malondialdehyde production (0.54 ± 0.05 nmol/mg prot, 0.61 ± 0.06 nmol/mg prot, 0.68 ± 0.05 nmol/mg prot, 0.70 ± 0.05 nmol/mg prot, and 0.76 ± 0.05 nmol/mg prot), diminished superoxide dismutase activity (6.47 ± 0.28 NU/mg prot, 5.97 ± 0.30 NU/mg prot, 5.15 ± 0.42 NU/mg prot, 4.08 ± 0.20 NU/mg prot, and 3.76 ± 0.37 NU/mg prot), and increased DNA damage and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in HaCaT cells. Moreover, cytochrome-c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expression also increased proportionately with PM2.5 dosing. Conclusion: PM2.5 might elicit oxidative stress and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis that likely manifests as skin irritation and damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510635, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Xie
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Si-Ka Xu
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510635, China
| | - Ya-Ning Wang
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510635, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring, Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510308, China
| | - Li-Rong Wen
- Department of Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring, Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510308, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Lei Guan
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510635, China
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Gai HF, An JX, Qian XY, Wei YJ, Williams JP, Gao GL. Ovarian Damages Produced by Aerosolized Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) Pollution in Mice: Possible Protective Medications and Mechanisms. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:1400-1410. [PMID: 28584201 PMCID: PMC5463468 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.207472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ambient aerosol fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with male reproductive toxicity in experiments and may have adverse effects in the female. However, studies evaluating the protective effects and precise mechanisms of aspirin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, or ozone against toxic effects of PM2.5 are sparse. This study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effects and mechanisms of aspirin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, or ozone on fertility in female mice treated with PM2.5. Methods: Eighty-four ICR mice were divided into six groups: control group, PM2.5 group, PM2.5 + aspirin group, PM2.5 + Vitamin C group, PM2.5 + Vitamin E group, and PM2.5 + ozone group. PM2.5 was given by intratracheal instillation every 2 days for 3 weeks. Aspirin, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E were given once a day by oral gavage for 3 weeks, and ozone was administered by intraperitoneal injection once a day for 3 weeks. The levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting analysis was used to analyze the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 in ovaries. Changes in histological structure were examined by light microscope and electron microscopy was used to detect ultramicrostructure. Results: The results demonstrated that PM2.5 decreased AMH levels (P < 0.001); however, aspirin (P < 0.001), Vitamin C (P < 0.001), Vitamin E (P = 0.001), and ozone (P = 0.002) alleviated the decrease. Changes of IL-6, TNF-α, 8-OHdG, Bax/Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in PM2.5 group were increased compared to control group (P < 0.001), while in PM2.5 + aspirin, PM2.5 + Vitamin C, PM2.5 + Vitamin E, and PM2.5 + ozone groups, they were statistically decreased compared to PM2.5 group (P < 0.001 or P < 0.05). Conclusions: PM2.5 cause the damage of ovaries, and aspirin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and ozone antagonizes the damage. The protective mechanism is probably due to its ability to blunt the inflammatory and oxidative stress caused by PM2.5, which subsequently suppressing the expression of apoptotic regulatory protein and reducing the incidence of ovary apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Gai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yong-Jie Wei
- Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment and Environmental Standards Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Guo-Lan Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Lin H, Wang X, Qian ZM, Guo S, Yao Z, Vaughn MG, Dong G, Liu T, Xiao J, Li X, Zeng W, Xu Y, Ma W. Daily exceedance concentration hours: A novel indicator to measure acute cardiovascular effects of PM 2.5 in six Chinese subtropical cities. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 111:117-123. [PMID: 29190528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily mean concentration cannot fully address the hourly variations of air pollution within one day. As such, we proposed a new indicator, daily exceedance concentration hours (DECH), to explore the acute cardiovascular effects of ambient PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5μm). The DECH in PM2.5 was defined as daily total concentration-hours >25μg/m3. METHODS A generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson link was applied to estimate the associations between day-to-day variation in PM2.5 DECH and day-to-day variation in cardiovascular mortality in six subtropical cities in Guangdong Province, China. RESULTS The analysis revealed significant associations between PM2.5 DECHs and cardiovascular mortality. A 500μg/m3∗h increase in PM2.5 DECHs at lag03 was associated with an increase of 4.55% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.59%, 5.52%) in cardiovascular mortality, 4.45% (95% CI: 2.81%, 6.12%) in ischemic cardiovascular mortality, 5.02% (95% CI: 3.41%, 6.65%) in cerebrovascular mortality, and 3.00% (95% CI: 1.13%, 4.90%) in acute myocardial infarction mortality. We further observed a greater mortality burden using PM2.5 DECHs than daily mean PM2.5 (6478 (95% CI: 5071, 7917) VS 5136 (95% CI: 3990, 6305)). CONCLUSION This study reveals that PM2.5 DECH is one important exposure indicator of ambient PM2.5 to measure its cardiovascular mortality effects in Pearl River Delta region; and that using daily mean concentration could under-estimate the mortality burden compared with this new indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Shu Guo
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
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Tian Y, Xiang X, Juan J, Sun K, Song J, Cao Y, Hu Y. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital visits for asthma in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:227-233. [PMID: 28654880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Data on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in China were first announced in 2013. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of PM2.5 on asthma morbidity in Beijing, China. A total of 978,658 asthma hospital visits consisting of 928,607 outpatient visits, 40,063 emergency room visits and 9988 hospital admissions from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2012, were identified from the Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees. A generalized additive Poisson model was applied to explore the association between PM2.5 and health service use. The mean daily PM2.5 concentration was 99.5 μg/m3 with a range from 7.2 μg/m3 to 492.8 μg/m3. Ambient PM2.5 concentration was significantly associated with increased use of asthma-related health services. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration on the same day was significantly associated with a 0.67% (95% CI, 0.53%-0.81%), 0.65% (95% CI, 0.51%-0.80%), and 0.49% (95% CI, 0.35%-0.64%) increase in total hospital visits, outpatient visits and emergency room visits, respectively. The exposure-response association between PM2.5 concentration and hospital visits for asthma exacerbations was approximately linear. In conclusion, this study found that short-term elevations in PM2.5 concentration may increase the risk of asthma exacerbations. Our findings contribute to the limited scientific literature concerning the acute effects of PM2.5 on asthma morbidity outcomes in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Juan Juan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191 Beijing, China.
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Zajusz-Zubek E, Radko T, Mainka A. Fractionation of trace elements and human health risk of submicron particulate matter (PM1) collected in the surroundings of coking plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:389. [PMID: 28699118 PMCID: PMC5506208 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Samples of PM1 were collected in the surroundings of coking plants located in southern Poland. Chemical fractionation provided information on the contents of trace elements As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb and Se in all mobile (F1-F3) and not mobile (F4) fractions of PM1 in the vicinity of large sources of emissions related to energochemical processing of coal during the summer. The determined enrichment factors indicate the influence of anthropogenic sources on the concentration of the examined elements contained in PM1 in the areas subjected to investigation. The analysis of health risk for the assumed scenario of inhabitant exposure to the toxic effect of elements, based on the values of the hazard index, revealed that the absorption of the examined elements contained in the most mobile fractions of particulate matter via inhalation by children and adults can be considered potentially harmless to the health of people inhabiting the surroundings of coking plants during the summer (HI < 1). It has been estimated that due to the inhalation exposure to carcinogenic elements, i.e., As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb, contained in the most mobile fractions (F1 + F2) of PM1, approximately four adults and one child out of one million people living in the vicinity of the coking plants may develop cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwira Zajusz-Zubek
- Department of Air Protection, Silesian University of Technology, 22B Konarskiego St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Radko
- Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal, 1 Zamkowa St., 41-803 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Mainka
- Department of Air Protection, Silesian University of Technology, 22B Konarskiego St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Zhao Y, Cheng Z, Lu Y, Chang X, Chan C, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Cheng N. PM10 and PM2.5 particles as main air pollutants contributing to rising risks of coronary heart disease: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2017.1334711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxue Zhao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- Center of Evidence-based medicine of Lanzhou university, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Yale University and U.S. Fulbright Program, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongbin Lu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cynthia Chan
- School of Public Health, Yale University and U.S. Fulbright Program, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yana Bai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Yale University and U.S. Fulbright Program, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ning Cheng
- Basic Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Ortiz C, Linares C, Carmona R, Díaz J. Evaluation of short-term mortality attributable to particulate matter pollution in Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 224:541-551. [PMID: 28237303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the WHO, 3 million deaths are attributable to air pollution due to particulate matter (PM) world-wide. However, there are no specific updated studies which calculate short-term PM-related cause specific mortality in Spain. The objective is to quantify the relative risks (RRs) and attributable risks (ARs) of daily mortality associated with PM10 concentrations, registered in Spanish provinces and to calculate the number of PM-related deaths. We calculated daily mortality due to natural (ICD-10: A00 R99), circulatory (ICD-10: I00 I99) and respiratory causes (ICD-10: J00 J99) for each province across the period 2000-2009. Mean daily concentrations of PM10, NO2 and O3 was used. For the estimate of RRs and ARs, we used generalised linear models with a Poisson link. A meta-analysis was used to estimate RRs and ARs in the provinces with statically significant results. The overall RRs obtained for these provinces, corresponding to increases of 10 μ g/m3 in PM10 concentrations were 1.009 (95% CI: 1.006 1011) for natural, 1.026 (95% CI: 1.019 1033) for respiratory, and 1.009 (95% CI: 1.006 1012) for circulatory-cause mortality. This amounted to an annual overall total of 2683 deaths (95% CI: 852 4354) due to natural, 651 (95% CI: 359 1026) due to respiratory, and 556 (95% CI: 116 1012) due to circulatory causes, with 90% of this mortality lying below the WHO guideline values. This study provides an updated estimate of the effect had by this type of pollutant on causes of mortality, and constitutes an important basis for reinforcing public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ortiz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Linares
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Carmona
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Díaz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, National School of Public Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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Xu Q, Wang S, Guo Y, Wang C, Huang F, Li X, Gao Q, Wu L, Tao L, Guo J, Wang W, Guo X. Acute exposure to fine particulate matter and cardiovascular hospital emergency room visits in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 220:317-327. [PMID: 27697383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution outbreaks have recently occurred frequently in China. However, evidence of the associations between short-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardiovascular morbidity is still limited in China. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between PM2.5 and hospital emergency room visits (ERVs) for cardiovascular diseases in urban areas in Beijing. Daily counts of cardiovascular ERVs were collected from ten large general hospitals from Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2013. Air pollution data were obtained from the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau including 17 monitoring stations. A generalized additive Poisson model was used to examine the associations between PM2.5 and cardiovascular ERVs after controlling for seasonality, day of the week, public holidays, influenza outbreaks, and weather conditions. In total, there were 56,221 cardiovascular ERVs during the study period. The daily mean PM2.5 concentration was 102.1 μg/m3, ranging from 6.7 μg/m3 to 508.5 μg/m3. Per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 0.14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01%-0.27%) increase in cardiovascular ERVs at lag3. Cumulative delayed estimates were greatest at lag0-5 (0.30%, 95% CI: 0.09%-0.52%). The estimates of percentage change in daily ERVs per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 were 0.56% (95%CI: 0.16%-0.95%) for ischemic heart disease (IHD) at lag0-1, 0.81% (95%CI: 0.05%-1.57%) for heart rhythm disturbances (HRD) at lag0-1 and 1.21% (95%CI: 0.27%-2.15%) for heart failure (HF) at lag0, respectively. The effects of PM2.5 on IHD ERVs during high temperature days (>11.01 °C) were significantly higher than that on low temperature days (≤11.01 °C) at lag0, lag0-1, lag0-3 and lag0-5 (P < 0.05). The study suggests that PM2.5 has acute impacts on cardiovascular ERVs in Beijing, especially on IHD, HRD and HF. The effects of PM2.5 on IHD ERVs vary by temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Qi Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Tao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China; School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
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Yuan X, Wang Y, Li L, Zhou W, Tian D, Lu C, Yu S, Zhao J, Peng S. PM 2.5 induces embryonic growth retardation: Potential involvement of ROS-MAPKs-apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:2028-2044. [PMID: 26472167 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) is an "invisible killer" to human health. There is increasing evidence revealing the adverse effects of PM2.5 on the early embryonic development and pregnancy outcome, but the molecular mechanism underlying PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity is largely unknown. Previous studies have documented that exposure to PM triggers ROS generation, leads to subsequent activation of MAPKs signaling, and results in corresponding cell biological changes including enhanced apoptosis and altered cell cycle in the cardiopulmonary system. Here, we investigated whether ROS-MAPKs-apoptosis/cell cycle arrest pathways play an important role in PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity using the rat whole embryo culture system. The results showed that PM2.5 treatment led to embryonic growth retardation at concentrations of 50 μg/ml and above, as evidenced by the reduced yolk sac diameter, crown-rump length, head length and somite number. PM2.5 -induced embryonic growth retardation was accompanied by cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, ROS generation and subsequent activation of JNK and ERK might be involved in PM2.5 -induced apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest by downregulating Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio and upregulating p15INK4B , p16INK4A , and p21WAF1/CIP1 transcription level. In conclusion, our results indicate that ROS-JNK/ERK-apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest pathways are involved in PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity, which not only provides insights into the molecular mechanism of PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity, but also may help to identify specific interventions to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes of PM2.5 . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 2028-2044, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yuan
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Wang
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhong Li
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Tian
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzhong Yu
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangqing Peng
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
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Sun S, Qiu H, Ho KF, Tian L. Chemical components of respirable particulate matter associated with emergency hospital admissions for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hong Kong. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 97:93-99. [PMID: 27835752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) mass is associated with diabetes morbidity and mortality, although inconsistencies still exist. Variation of chemical components in PM may have contributed to these inconsistencies. We hypothesize that certain components of respirable particulate matter (PM10), not simply PM10 mass, can exacerbate symptoms or cause acute complications for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We used a Poisson time-series model to examine the association between 17 chemical components of PM10 and daily emergency hospital admissions for T2DM among residents aged 65years or above from January 1998 to December 2007 in Hong Kong. We estimated excess risk (ER%) for T2DM hospitalizations per interquartile range (IQR) increment in chemical component concentrations of days at lag0 through lag3, and the moving average of the same-day and previous-day (lag0-1) in single-pollutant models. To further evaluate the independent effects of chemical components on T2DM, we controlled for PM10 mass, major PM10 chemical components, and gaseous pollutants in two-pollutant models. RESULTS In the single-pollutant models, PM10 components associated with T2DM admissions include: elemental carbon, organic carbon, nitrate, and nickel. The ER% estimates per IQR increment at lag0-1 for these four components were 3.79% (1.63, 5.95), 3.74% (0.83, 6.64), 4.58% (2.17, 6.99), and 1.91% (0.43, 3.38), respectively. Risk estimates for nitrate and elemental carbon were robust to adjustment for co-pollutant concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to some PM10 chemical components such as nitrate and elemental carbon increases the risk of acute complications or exacerbation of symptoms for the T2DM patients. These findings may have potential biological and policy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Fai Ho
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linwei Tian
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Dabass A, Talbott EO, Bilonick RA, Rager JR, Venkat A, Marsh GM, Duan C, Xue T. Using spatio-temporal modeling for exposure assessment in an investigation of fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular mortality. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:564-572. [PMID: 27591528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND U.S. urban air quality has improved dramatically over the past decades. We evaluated acute effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on cardiovascular (CVD) mortality among residents of Allegheny County in SW Pennsylvania (1999-2011) using spatio-temporal modeling of air pollutants (AP) to reduce misclassification error in exposure assessment. METHODS Spatio-temporal kriging of daily PM2.5 and ozone (O3) was used to produce daily exposure estimates at the residence ZIP code. Time-stratified case-crossover analysis was conducted to examine short-term effects of PM2.5 on CVD mortality, adjusting for O3 and apparent mean temperature. We studied both single and distributed lags for days 0-5. All CVD mortality and subcategories of ischemic heart disease (IHD), acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia were examined. RESULTS A total of 62,135 deaths were identified. We found significant associations of PM2.5 with IHD and PVD mortality at lag day 5: (2.1% (95% CI, 0.2-4.1%) and (7.6%, 95% CI, 0.05-15.7%) per 10µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in single lag models and for IHD in distributed lag models. There were no statistically significant associations with PM2.5 for any of the other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The application of finer scale geographically resolved AP exposures made it possible to study acute effects of PM2.5 on CVD mortality in a large metropolitan area. Our study results demonstrated the continued presence of a dose response relationship of increased risk of CVD mortality within this lower range of PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Dabass
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Evelyn O Talbott
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Richard A Bilonick
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Judith R Rager
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Arvind Venkat
- Allegheny Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, 320 E North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Gary M Marsh
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Chunzhe Duan
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tao Xue
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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DeVries R, Kriebel D, Sama S. Outdoor Air Pollution and COPD-Related Emergency Department Visits, Hospital Admissions, and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis. COPD 2016; 14:113-121. [PMID: 27564008 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2016.1216956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was performed to identify all peer-reviewed literature quantifying the association between short-term exposures of particulate matter <2.5 microns (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and COPD-related emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions (HA), and mortality. These results were then pooled for each pollutant through meta-analyses with a random effects model. Subgroup meta-analyses were explored to study the effects of selected lag/averaging times and health outcomes. A total of 37 studies satisfied our inclusion criteria, contributing to a total of approximately 1,115,000 COPD-related acute events (950,000 HAs, 80,000 EDs, and 130,000 deaths) to our meta-estimates. An increase in PM2.5 of 10 ug/m3 was associated with a 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6-3.4%) increased risk of COPD-related ED and HA, an increase of 10 ug/m3 in NO2 was associated with a 4.2% (2.5-6.0%) increase, and an increase of 10 ug/m3 in SO2 was associated with a 2.1% (0.7-3.5%) increase. The strength of these pooled effect estimates, however, varied depending on the selected lag/averaging time between exposure and outcome. Similar pooled effects were estimated for each pollutant and COPD-related mortality. These results suggest an ongoing threat to the health of COPD patients from both outdoor particulates and gaseous pollutants. Ambient outdoor concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 were significantly and positively associated with both COPD-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Kriebel
- a Department of Work Environment , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Susan Sama
- a Department of Work Environment , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
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Liu Y, Yan S, Poh K, Liu S, Iyioriobhe E, Sterling DA. Impact of air quality guidelines on COPD sufferers. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:839-72. [PMID: 27143874 PMCID: PMC4846081 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s49378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COPD is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both high- and low-income countries and a major public health burden worldwide. While cigarette smoking remains the main cause of COPD, outdoor and indoor air pollution are important risk factors to its etiology. Although studies over the last 30 years helped reduce the values, it is not very clear if the current air quality guidelines are adequately protective for COPD sufferers. Objective This systematic review was to summarize the up-to-date literature on the impact of air pollution on the COPD sufferers. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar were utilized to search for articles related to our study’s focus. Search terms included “COPD exacerbation”, “air pollution”, “air quality guidelines”, “air quality standards”, “COPD morbidity and mortality”, “chronic bronchitis”, and “air pollution control” separately and in combination. We focused on articles from 1990 to 2015. We also used articles prior to 1990 if they contained relevant information. We focused on articles written in English or with an English abstract. We also used the articles in the reference lists of the identified articles. Results Both short-term and long-term exposures to outdoor air pollution around the world are associated with the mortality and morbidity of COPD sufferers even at levels below the current air quality guidelines. Biomass cooking in low-income countries was clearly associated with COPD morbidity in adult nonsmoking females. Conclusion There is a need to continue to improve the air quality guidelines. A range of intervention measures could be selected at different levels based on countries’ socioeconomic conditions to reduce the air pollution exposure and COPD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcheng Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Shuang Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Karen Poh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Suyang Liu
- Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emanehi Iyioriobhe
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - David A Sterling
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Xu Q, Li X, Wang S, Wang C, Huang F, Gao Q, Wu L, Tao L, Guo J, Wang W, Guo X. Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Hospital Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Disease in Urban Areas in Beijing, China, in 2013. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153099. [PMID: 27054582 PMCID: PMC4824441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution occurs frequently in China. However, epidemiological research on the association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 pollution and respiratory disease morbidity is still limited. This study aimed to explore the association between PM2.5 pollution and hospital emergency room visits (ERV) for total and cause-specific respiratory diseases in urban areas in Beijing. Methods Daily counts of respiratory ERV from Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2013, were obtained from ten general hospitals located in urban areas in Beijing. Concurrently, data on PM2.5 were collected from the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau, including 17 ambient air quality monitoring stations. A generalized-additive model was used to explore the respiratory effects of PM2.5, after controlling for confounding variables. Subgroup analyses were also conducted by age and gender. Results A total of 92,464 respiratory emergency visits were recorded during the study period. The mean daily PM2.5 concentration was 102.1±73.6 μg/m3. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration at lag0 was associated with an increase in ERV, as follows: 0.23% for total respiratory disease (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11%-0.34%), 0.19% for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) (95%CI: 0.04%-0.35%), 0.34% for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (95%CI: 0.14%-0.53%) and 1.46% for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) (95%CI: 0.13%-2.79%). The strongest association was identified between AECOPD and PM2.5 concentration at lag0-3 (3.15%, 95%CI: 1.39%-4.91%). The estimated effects were robust after adjusting for SO2, O3, CO and NO2. Females and people 60 years of age and older demonstrated a higher risk of respiratory disease after PM2.5 exposure. Conclusion PM2.5 was significantly associated with respiratory ERV, particularly for URTI, LRTI and AECOPD in Beijing. The susceptibility to PM2.5 pollution varied by gender and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Shuo Wang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Tao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- * E-mail: (XG); (WW)
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (WW)
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50
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Stafoggia M, Zauli-Sajani S, Pey J, Samoli E, Alessandrini E, Basagaña X, Cernigliaro A, Chiusolo M, Demaria M, Díaz J, Faustini A, Katsouyanni K, Kelessis AG, Linares C, Marchesi S, Medina S, Pandolfi P, Pérez N, Querol X, Randi G, Ranzi A, Tobias A, Forastiere F. Desert Dust Outbreaks in Southern Europe: Contribution to Daily PM₁₀ Concentrations and Short-Term Associations with Mortality and Hospital Admissions. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124. [PMID: 26219103 PMCID: PMC4829979 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association between short-term exposure to desert dust and health outcomes is controversial. OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the short-term effects of particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) on mortality and hospital admissions in 13 Southern European cities, distinguishing between PM10 originating from the desert and from other sources. METHODS We identified desert dust advection days in multiple Mediterranean areas for 2001-2010 by combining modeling tools, back-trajectories, and satellite data. For each advection day, we estimated PM10 concentrations originating from desert, and computed PM10 from other sources by difference. We fitted city-specific Poisson regression models to estimate the association between PM from different sources (desert and non-desert) and daily mortality and emergency hospitalizations. Finally, we pooled city-specific results in a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS On average, 15% of days were affected by desert dust at ground level (desert PM10 > 0 μg/m3). Most episodes occurred in spring-summer, with increasing gradient of both frequency and intensity north-south and west-east of the Mediterranean basin. We found significant associations of both PM10 concentrations with mortality. Increases of 10 μg/m3 in non-desert and desert PM10 (lag 0-1 days) were associated with increases in natural mortality of 0.55% (95% CI: 0.24, 0.87%) and 0.65% (95% CI: 0.24, 1.06%), respectively. Similar associations were estimated for cardio-respiratory mortality and hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS PM10 originating from the desert was positively associated with mortality and hospitalizations in Southern Europe. Policy measures should aim at reducing population exposure to anthropogenic airborne particles even in areas with large contribution from desert dust advections. CITATION Stafoggia M, Zauli-Sajani S, Pey J, Samoli E, Alessandrini E, Basagaña X, Cernigliaro A, Chiusolo M, Demaria M, Díaz J, Faustini A, Katsouyanni K, Kelessis AG, Linares C, Marchesi S, Medina S, Pandolfi P, Pérez N, Querol X, Randi G, Ranzi A, Tobias A, Forastiere F, MED-PARTICLES Study Group. 2016. Desert dust outbreaks in Southern Europe: contribution to daily PM10 concentrations and short-term associations with mortality and hospital admissions. Environ Health Perspect 124:413-419; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
- Address correspondence to M. Stafoggia, Department of Epidemiology of the Lazio Region Health Service, Via C. Colombo 112, 00147, Rome, Italy. Telephone: 39-0699722185. E-mail:
| | - Stefano Zauli-Sajani
- Regional Centre for Environment and Health, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | - Jorge Pey
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Xavier Basagaña
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Monica Chiusolo
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Moreno Demaria
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Julio Díaz
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Cristina Linares
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Marchesi
- Regional Centre for Environment and Health, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | - Sylvia Medina
- Environmental Health Department, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Paolo Pandolfi
- Department of Public Health, Bologna Local Health Authority, Bologna, Italy
| | - Noemí Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giorgia Randi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ranzi
- Regional Centre for Environment and Health, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | - Aurelio Tobias
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain
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