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Zhou W, Tao Y, Peng L, Zheng H, Zhou X, Yin B, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Balancing the nutrient needs: Optimising growth in Malus sieversii seedlings through tailored nitrogen and phosphorus effects. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39188105 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the physiological and biochemical processes crucial for tree seedling growth is substantial. Although the study of plant hydraulic traits in response to N and P is growing, comprehensive research on their combined effects remains limited. Malus sieversii, a key ancestral species of modern apples and a dominant species in Xinjiang's Tianshan wild fruit forest, is witnessing a decline due to climate change, pests and diseases, compounded by challenges in seedling regeneration. Addressing this, a 4-year study was conducted to determine the optimal fertilisation method for it. The experiment explored varying levels of N (N10, N20 and N40) and P (P2, P4 and P8), and their combined effects (N20Px: N20P2, N20P4, N20P8; NxP4: N10P4, N20P4 and N40P4), assessing their impact on gas exchange, hydraulic traits, and the interplay among functional traits in Tianshan Mountains' M. sieversii seedlings. Our study revealed that All N-inclusive fertilisers slightly promoted the net photosynthetic rate. N10 significantly increasing leaf hydraulic conductivity. All P-inclusive fertilisers adversely affected hydraulic conductivity. P8, N20P4 and N20P8 notably increased seedlings' vulnerability to embolism. Seedlings can adaptively adjust multiple functional traits in response to nutrient changes. The research suggests N10 and N20 as the most effective fertilisation treatments for M. sieversii seedlings in this region, while fertilisation involving phosphorus is less suitable. This study contributes valuable insights into the specific nutrient needs of it, vital for conservation and cultivation efforts in the Tianshan region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of RS & GIS Application Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Benfeng Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jiang X, Ou Z, Tan C, He Q, Zheng W, Tan Y, He F, Shen H. Impact of nitrogen addition on the chemical properties and bacterial community of subtropical forests in northern Guangxi. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1418425. [PMID: 39211321 PMCID: PMC11358692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1418425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, nitrogen deposition has constantly continued to rise globally. However, the impact of nitrogen deposition on the soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure in northern Guangxi is still unclear. Methods Along these lines, in this work, to investigate the impact of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on soil nutrient status and bacterial community in subtropical regions, four different nitrogen treatments (CK: 0 gN m-2 a-1, II: 50 gN m-2 a-1, III: 100 gN m-2 a-1, IV: 150 gNm- 2 a-1) were established. The focus was on analyzing the soil physical and chemical properties, as well as bacterial community characteristics across varying nitrogen application levels. Results and discussion From the acquired results, it was demonstrated that nitrogen application led to a significant decrease in soil pH. Compared with CK, the pH of treatment IV decreased by 4.23%, which corresponded to an increase in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Moreover, compared with CK, the soil organic carbon of treatment IV increased by 9.28%, and the total nitrogen of treatment IV increased by 19.69%. However, no significant impact on the available nitrogen and phosphorus was detected. The bacterial diversity index first increased and then decreased with the increase of the nitrogen application level. The dominant phylum in the soil was Acidobacteria (34.63-40.67%), Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Interestingly, the abundance of Acidobacteria notably increased with higher nitrogen application levels, particularly evident in the IV treatment group where it surpassed the control group. Considering that nitrogen addition first changes soil nutrients and then lowers soil pH, the abundance of certain oligotrophic bacteria like Acidobacteria can be caused, which showed a first decreasing and then increasing trend. On the contrary, eutrophic bacteria, such as Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, displayed a decline. From the redundancy analysis, it was highlighted that total nitrogen and pH were the primary driving forces affecting the bacterial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Jiang
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Zhiyang Ou
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Changqiang Tan
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Qingfei He
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Yibo Tan
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Feng He
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Guilin, China
- Lijiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guilin, China
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Tian D, Yan Z, Schmid B, Kattge J, Fang J, Stocker BD. Environmental versus phylogenetic controls on leaf nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in vascular plants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5346. [PMID: 38914561 PMCID: PMC11196693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Global patterns of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry have been interpreted as reflecting phenotypic plasticity in response to the environment, or as an overriding effect of the distribution of species growing in their biogeochemical niches. Here, we balance these contrasting views. We compile a global dataset of 36,413 paired observations of leaf N and P concentrations, taxonomy and 45 environmental covariates, covering 7,549 sites and 3,700 species, to investigate how species identity and environmental variables control variations in mass-based leaf N and P concentrations, and the N:P ratio. We find within-species variation contributes around half of the total variation, with 29%, 31%, and 22% of leaf N, P, and N:P variation, respectively, explained by environmental variables. Within-species plasticity along environmental gradients varies across species and is highest for leaf N:P and lowest for leaf N. We identified effects of environmental variables on within-species variation using random forest models, whereas effects were largely missed by widely used linear mixed-effect models. Our analysis demonstrates a substantial influence of the environment in driving plastic responses of leaf N, P, and N:P within species, which challenges reports of a fixed biogeochemical niche and the overriding importance of species distributions in shaping global patterns of leaf N and P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - Zhengbing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zürich, 8006, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jens Kattge
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll Street 10, 07745, Jena, Germany
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Benjamin D Stocker
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Falkenplatz 16, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Wang X, Li S, Wu D, Fan A, Yao X, Lyu M, Chen G, Yang Y. Soil microbes deal with the nitrogen deposition enhanced phosphorus limitation by shifting community structure in an old-growth subtropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172530. [PMID: 38631644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition potentially enhances the degree of phosphorus (P) limitation in tropical and subtropical forests. However, it remains elusive that how soil microorganisms deal with the N deposition-enhanced P limitation. We collected soils experienced 9 years of manipulative N input at various rates (0, 40, and 80 kg N ha-1 y-1) in an old-growth subtropical natural forest. We measured soil total and available carbon (C), N and P, microbial biomass C, N and P, enzyme activities involved in C, N and P acquisition, microbial community structure, as well as net N and P mineralization. Additionally, we calculated element use efficiency and evaluated microbial homeostasis index. Our findings revealed that N input increased microbial biomass C:P (MBC:P) and N:P (MBN:P) ratios. The homeostasis indexes of MBC:P and MBN:P were 0.68 and 0.75, respectively, indicating stoichiometric flexibility. Interestingly, MBC:P and MBN:P correlated significantly with the fungi:bacteria ratio (F:B), not with N and P use efficiencies, net N and P mineralization, and enzyme C:P (EEAC:P) and N:P (EEAN:P) ratios. Furthermore, EEAC:P and EEAN:P correlated positively with F:B but did not negatively correlate with the C:P and N:P ratios of available resources and microbial biomass. The effects of N deposition on MBC:P, MBN:P and EEAN:P became insignificant when including F:B as a covariate. These findings suggest that microbes flexibly adapted to the N deposition enhanced P limitation by changing microbial community structure, which not only alter microbial biomass C:N:P stoichiometry, but also the enzyme production strategy. In summary, our research advances our understanding of how soil microorganisms deal with the N deposition-enhanced soil P limitation in subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Shiyining Li
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Ailian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Xiaodong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Maokui Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Guangshui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, Fuzhou 350117, China
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5
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Zhang J, Lin G, Zeng DH. Long-term nitrogen addition modifies fine root growth and vertical distribution by affecting soil nutrient availability in a Mongolian pine plantation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171168. [PMID: 38401734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Fine roots are the primary organ of tree species in water and nutrient acquisition, and are the major contributor of forest soil organic carbon (C). However, it remains largely unknown how fine root growth dynamics and vertical distribution respond to long-term nitrogen (N) enrichment, which prevents us from accurately evaluating forest C sequestration potential under N deposition. Here, we investigated the effects of nine-year N addition (0 and 10 g N m-2 year-1) on fine root nutrients, biomass, production, turnover rate and vertical distribution in three soil layers (0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm) of a Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation in the Keerqin Sandy Lands, Northeast China. We found that soil inorganic N was increased and Olsen-P was decreased by N addition. N addition increased fine root N, C:P and N:P ratios, but reduced fine root P and C:N ratio across all soil layers. N addition reduced fine root biomass in 0-10 cm soil layer but increased it in 20-40 cm soil layer. N addition accelerated fine root turnover rate in 0-10 cm soil layer, and increased fine root necromass across all soil layers. Moreover, N addition significantly enhanced biomass of ectomycorrhizal extraradical hyphae in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Redundancy analysis showed that variations of fine root traits were well explained by soil NO3--N in 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers, and by soil NH4+-N and Olsen-P in 20-40 cm soil layer. Collectively, our results highlight the shift from N limitation to P limitation of Mongolian pine plantations under long-term N addition, and suggest that changes in fine root growth and vertical distribution induced by N addition could accelerate belowground C allocation in Mongolian pine plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guigang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - De-Hui Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Daqinggou Ecological Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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6
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Feng T, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Fan D, Wei T, Wang P, Keesstra SD, Cerdà A. Long-term effects of vegetation restoration and forest management on carbon pools and nutrient storages in northeastern Loess Plateau, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120296. [PMID: 38341910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
It is crucial for understanding the variations of carbon and nutrient pools within the ecosystems during long-term vegetation restoration to accurately assess the effects of different ecological restoration patterns. However, the long-term spatio-temporal variations of carbon and nutrient pools under different vegetation types remain unclear. The sites for long-term natural and planted forests (i.e., Natural secondary forest, Pinus tabulaeformis planted forest, Platycladus orientalis planted forest, and Robinia pseudoacacia planted forest) on the northeastern Loess Plateau, China were selected, to measure and analyze the differences and interannual variations of vegetation attributes at four synusiae and soil properties at 0-100 cm over the period of 12 years (2006-2017). The principal component analysis (PCA) and Mantel test were also conducted to explore the relationships among vegetation attributes, soil properties, and carbon and nutrient pools. The results showed that: compared with the planted forests, the natural secondary forest had lower arborous biomass (84.21 ± 1.53 t hm-2) and higher understory biomass and plant heights. Compared to planted forests, the secondary forest had higher soil carbon and nitrogen contents (13.74 ± 3.50 g kg-1 and 1.16 ± 0.34 g kg-1). The soil carbon pool in the secondary forest was 22.0% higher than planted forests, while the vegetation carbon pool in the P. tabulaeformis was 75.5% higher than other forests. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Mantel test revealed that vegetation attributes and soil properties had significant correlations with carbon and nutrient pools, especially at the arborous synusia (p < 0.01). The findings indicated that in the ecologically fragile Loess Plateau region, the selection of appropriate vegetation restoration types should be guided by varying ecological restoration goals and benefits, aiming to expected ecological outcomes. This insight offers a strategic implication for forest management that is tailored to improve carbon and nutrient pools in areas with similar environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Feng
- Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Yulin Qi
- Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau, YRCC, Fengcheng 3rd Road 200, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Dehui Fan
- Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Tianxing Wei
- Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Saskia D Keesstra
- Team Soil, Water and Land Use, Wageningen Environmental Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Departamento de Análisis Geográfico Regional Geografía Físicqa, Universitdad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Artemi Cerdà
- Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department of Geography, Valencia University, Blasco Ibàñez, 28, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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7
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Wu T, Song Y, Tissue D, Su W, Luo H, Li X, Yang S, Liu X, Yan J, Huang J, Liu J. Photosynthetic and biochemical responses of four subtropical tree seedlings to reduced dry season and increased wet season precipitation and variable N deposition. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad114. [PMID: 37756634 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific variations in phenotypic plasticity of trees that are affected by climate change may alter the ecosystem function of forests. Seedlings of four common tree species (Castanopsis fissa, Michelia macclurei, Dalbergia odorifera and Ormosia pinnata) in subtropical plantations of southern China were grown in the field under rainout shelters and subjected to changing precipitation (48 L of water every 4 days in the dry season, 83 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 4 g m-2 year-1 of nitrogen (N)), low N deposition (48 L of water every 2 days in the dry season, 71 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 8 g m-2 year-1 N), high N deposition (48 L of water every 2 days in the dry season, 71 L of water every 1 day in the wet season; 10 g m-2 year-1 N) and their interactive effects. We found that the changes in seasonal precipitation reduced the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Asat) for C. fissa due to declining area-based foliar N concentrations (Na). However, we also found that the interactive effects of changing precipitation and N deposition enhanced Asat for C. fissa by increasing foliar Na concentrations, suggesting that N deposition could alleviate N limitations associated with changing precipitation. Altered precipitation and high N deposition reduced Asat for D. odorifera by decreasing the maximum electron transport rate for RuBP regeneration (Jmax) and maximum rate of carboxylation of Rubisco (Vcmax). Ormosia pinnata under high N deposition exhibited increasing Asat due to higher stomatal conductance and Vcmax. The growth of D. odorifera might be inhibited by changes in seasonal precipitation and N deposition, while O. pinnata may benefit from increasing N deposition in future climates. Our study provides an important insight into the selection of tree species with high capacity to tolerate changing precipitation and N deposition in subtropical plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yuting Song
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - David Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Wei Su
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hanyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shimin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
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8
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Guo Z, Qiang W, He J, Han X, Tan X, Ludwig B, Shen W, Kuzyakov Y, Gunina A. Nitrogen deposition raises temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition in subtropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167925. [PMID: 37863215 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Subtropical ecosystems are strongly affected by nitrogen (N) deposition, impacting soil organic matter (SOM) availability and stocks. Here we aimed to reveal the effects of N deposition on i) the structure and functioning of microbial communities and ii) the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of SOM decomposition. Phosphorus (P) limited evergreen forest in Guangdong Province, southeastern China, was selected, and N deposition (factor level: N (100 kg N ha-1 y-1 (NH4NO3)) and control (water), arranged into randomized complete block design (n = 3)) was performed during 2.5 y. After that soils from 0 to 20 cm were collected, analyzed for the set of parameters and incubated at 15, and 25, and 35 °C for 112 days. N deposition increased the microbial biomass N and the content of fungal and Gram-positive bacterial biomarkers; activities of beta-glucosidase (BG) and acid phosphatase (ACP) also increased showing the intensification of SOM decomposition. The Q10 of SOM decomposition under N deposition was 1.66 and increased by 1.4 times than under control. Xylosidase (BX), BG, and ACP activities increased with temperature under N but decreased with the incubation duration, indicating either low production and/or decomposition of enzymes. Activities of polyphenol-(PPO) and peroxidases (POD) were higher under N than in the control soil and were constant during the incubation showing the intensification of recalcitrant SOM decomposition. At the early incubation stage (10 days), the increase of Q10 of CO2 efflux was explained by the activities of BX, BQ, ACP, and POD and the quality of the available dissolved organic matter pool. At the later incubation stages (112 days), the drop of Q10 of CO2 efflux was due to the depletion of the labile organic substances and the shift of microbial community structure to K-strategists. Thus, N deposition decoupled the effects of extracellular enzyme activities from microbial community structure on Q10 of SOM decomposition in the subtropical forest soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Wei Qiang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Jinhong He
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaoge Han
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Bernard Ludwig
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Weijun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Gunina
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; Tyumen State University, 6 Volodarskogo Street, 625003 Tyumen, Russia.
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9
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Choi WJ, Park HJ, Baek N, In Yang H, Kwak JH, Lee SI, Park SW, Shin ES, Lim SS. Patterns of δ 15N in forest soils and tree foliage and rings between climate zones in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165866. [PMID: 37516182 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The stable nitrogen (N) isotope ratio (δ15N) of forest samples (soils, tree foliage, and tree rings) has been used as a powerful indicator to explore the responses of forest N cycling to atmospheric N deposition. This review investigated the patterns of δ15N in forest samples between climate zones in relation to N deposition. Forest samples exhibited distinctive δ15N patterns between climate zones due to differences in site conditions (i.e., N availability and retention capacity) and the atmospheric N deposition characteristics (i.e., N deposition rate, N species, and δ15N of deposited N). For example, the δ15N of soil and foliage was higher for tropical forests than for other forests by >1.2 ‰ and 4 ‰, respectively due to the site conditions favoring N losses coupled with relatively low N deposition for tropical forests. This was further supported by the unchanged or increased δ15N of tree rings in tropical forests, which contrasts with other climate zones that exhibited a decreased wood δ15N since the 1920s. Subtropical forests under a high deposition of reduced N (NHy) had a lower δ15N by 2-5 ‰ in the organic layer compared with the other forests, reflecting high retention of 15N-depleted NHy deposition. At severely polluted sites in East Asia, the decreased δ15N in wood also reflected the consistent deposition of 15N-depleted NHy. Though our data analysis represents only a subset of global forest sites where atmospheric N deposition is of interest, the results suggest that the direction and magnitude of the changes in the δ15N of forest samples are related to both atmospheric N and site conditions particularly for tropical vs. subtropical forests. Site-specific information on the atmospheric N deposition characteristics would allow more accurate assessment of the variations in the δ15N of forest samples in relation to N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Choi
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin Park
- Crop Production & Physiology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeollabukdo 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Baek
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye In Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jin-Hyeob Kwak
- Department of Rural Construction Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Il Lee
- Climate Change Assessment Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeollabukdo 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Woo Park
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Shin
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Lim
- Bio R&D Center, CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16495, Republic of Korea
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10
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Zhao C, Lin Q, Tian D, Ji C, Shen H, Fan D, Wang X, Fang J. Nitrogen addition promotes conservative resource-use strategies via aggravating phosphorus limitation of evergreen trees in subtropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 889:164047. [PMID: 37187388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changti Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Quanhong Lin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Di Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Dayong Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiangping Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Shi XM, Qi JH, Liu AX, Zakari S, Song L. Leaf phenotypic plasticity coupled with integration facilitates the adaptation of plants to enhanced N deposition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121570. [PMID: 37023888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The response of leaf functional traits can provide vital insight into the adaptive strategies of plants under global change. However, empirical knowledge on the acclimation of functional coordination between phenotypic plasticity and integration to increased nitrogen (N) deposition is still scarce. The variation of leaf functional traits of two dominant seedling species, Machilus gamblei and Neolitsea polycarpa, across four N deposition rates (0, 3, 6, and 12 kg N ha-1yr-1), along with the relationship between leaf phenotypic plasticity and integration were investigated in a subtropical montane forest. We found that enhanced N deposition promoted the development of seedling traits toward the direction of resource acquisition, including improved leaf N content, specific leaf area and photosynthetic performance. Appropriate N deposition (≤6 kg N ha-1 yr-1) might induce the optimization of leaf functional traits to promote the capability and efficiency of nutrient use and photosynthesis in seedlings. However, excessive N deposition (12 kg N ha-1 yr-1) would result in detrimental effects on leaf morphological and physiological traits, thus inhibiting the efficiency in resource acquisition. A positive relationship occurred between leaf phenotypic plasticity and integration in both seedling species, implied that higher plasticity of leaf functional traits likely led to better integration with other traits under N deposition. Overall, our study emphasized that leaf functional traits could rapidly respond to changes in N resource, while the coordination between leaf phenotypic plasticity and integration can facilitate the adaptation of tree seedlings in coping with enhanced N deposition. Further studies are still needed on the role of leaf phenotypic plasticity and integration in plant fitness for predicting ecosystem functioning and forest dynamics, especially in the context of future high N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Meng Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China; College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Henan, 476000, China
| | - Jin-Hua Qi
- Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, Yunnan, 676209, China
| | - An-Xin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sissou Zakari
- Laboratory of Hydraulics and Environmental Modeling, Faculté D'Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Parakou, 03, BP 351, Benin
| | - Liang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China; Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, Yunnan, 676209, China.
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12
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Chen S, Zhang W, Ge X, Zheng X, Zhou X, Ding H, Zhang A. Response of Plant and Soil N, P, and N:P Stoichiometry to N Addition in China: A Meta-Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112104. [PMID: 37299084 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are key elements essential for plant growth and development. Due to fertilizer application, rapid urbanization, and fossil fuel combustion, nitrogen deposition has reached relatively high levels in China. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the response of N:P stoichiometry in plants and soil to N deposition across different ecosystems. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted using 845 observations from 75 studies to evaluate the response of plant and soil N and P concentrations and N to P ratios across various ecosystems to N addition. The analysis revealed that N concentration and N:P stoichiometry in plants and soil increased under N addition, while P concentration in plants and soil decreased on average. Furthermore, the magnitude of these responses was related to the N input rate and experimental duration. Finally, the effects of N addition on N concentration, P concentration, and N:P in terrestrial ecosystems would alter their allocation patterns, depending on relevant climate factors such as mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. This study highlights the ecological impact of N addition on the biogeochemical cycling of major elements (N and P) in terrestrial ecosystems in China. These findings are necessary for improving our understanding of the characteristics of plant ecological stoichiometry and helping to plan measures for increasing N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuifei Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiaomin Ge
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Aiguo Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecological Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Li J, Tan J, Li W, Singh BP, Yang X, Bolan N, Chen X, Xu S, Bao Y, Lv D, Peng A, Zhou Y, Wang H. An overview of the direct and indirect effects of acid rain on plants: Relationships among acid rain, soil, microorganisms, and plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162388. [PMID: 36842576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain (AR) causes numerous environmental problems and complex negative effects on plants globally. Many studies have previously reported on direct effects of AR or its depositional substances on plant injury and performance. However, few studies have addressed the indirect effects of AR on plants as mediated by soil microorganisms and the abiotic environment of the soil rhizosphere. The indirect effects (e.g., AR → soil microorganisms→plants) need greater attention, because acidic deposition not only affects the distribution, composition, abundance, function, and activity of plant-associated microorganisms, but also influences the dynamics of some substances in the soil in a way that may be harmful to plants. Therefore, this review not only focused on the direct effects of AR on plant performance, growth, and biomass allocations from a whole-plant perspective, but also addressed the pathway of AR-soil chemical characteristics-plants, which explains how soil solute leaching and acidification by AR will reduce the availability of essential nutrients and increase the availability of heavy metals for plants, affecting carbon and nitrogen cycles. Mainly, we evaluated the AR-soil microorganisms-plants pathway by: 1) synthesizing the potential roles of soil microbes in alleviating soil acidic stress on plants and the adverse effects of AR on plant-associated soil microorganisms; 2) exploring how plant mycorrhizal types affect the detection of AR effect on plants. The meta-analysis showed that the effects of AR-induced pH on leaf chlorophyll content, plant height, and plant root biomass were dependent on plant mycorrhizal types. Some possible reasons for different synergy between mycorrhizal symbiotic types and plants were discussed. Future research relating to the effects of AR on plants should focus on the combined direct and indirect effects to evaluate how AR affects plant performance comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Junyan Tan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bhupinder Pal Singh
- University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Xunan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Song Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yanping Bao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Daofei Lv
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Anan Peng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yanbo Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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14
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Fang J, Tan X, Yang Z, Shen W, Peñuelas J. Contrasting terpene emissions from canopy and understory vegetation in response to increases in nitrogen deposition and seasonal changes in precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120800. [PMID: 36473640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Given global change and shifts in climate are expected to increase BVOC emissions, the quantification of links between environmental conditions, plant physiology, and terpene emission dynamics is required to improve model predictions of ecosystem responses to increasing nitrogen deposition and changes in precipitation regimes. Here, we conducted a two-factor field experiment in sub-tropical forest plots to determine effects of N addition (N), precipitation change (PC), and NP (N and PC combined treatment) on wet and dry season terpene emissions and leaf photosynthetic parameters from canopy and understory species. Changes of β-ocimene and sabinene under PC and NP in the wet season (0.4-5.6-fold change) were the largest contributor to changes in total terpene emissions. In the dry season, the standardized total terpene emission rate was enhanced by 144.9% under N addition and 185.7% under PC for the understory species, while the total terpene emission rate was lower under NP than N addition and PC, indicating that N addition tended to moderate increases in PC-induced understory total terpene emissions. In the wet season, the total terpene emission rate under N and PC was close to ambient conditions for the canopy species, while the total terpene emission rate was enhanced by 54.6% under NP, indicating that N and PC combined treatment had an additive effect on canopy total terpene emissions. Total terpene emission rates increased with rates of net leaf photosynthesis (Pn) and transpiration (Tr) and there was a decoupling between terpene emission rates and Pn under NP, indicating that complex effects between PC and N decreased the regularity of single-factor effects. We recommend that N and PC interaction effects are included in models for the prediction of terpene emissions, particularly from canopy vegetation during the wet season as a major source of forest ecosystem terpene emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Fang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF - CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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Ji L, Wei L, Zhang L, Li Y, Tian Y, Liu K, Ren H. Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Micro-Environment on the Functional Traits of Two Rare and Endangered Fern Species in a Subtropical Forest. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3320. [PMID: 36501359 PMCID: PMC9740810 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the effects of N deposition on forest plants have been widely reported, few studies have focused on rare and endangered fern species (REFs). Information is also lacking on the effects of micro-environments on REFs. We investigated the effects of N addition (canopy and understory N addition, CAN, and UAN) and micro-environments (soil and canopy conditions) on the functional traits (growth, defense, and reproduction; 19 traits in total) of two REFs-Alsophila podophylla and Cibotium baromet-in a subtropical forest in South China. We found that, compared to controls, CAN or UAN decreased the growth traits (e.g., plant height, H) of C. baromet, increased its defense traits (e.g., leaf organic acid concentrations, OA), delayed its reproductive event (all-spore release date), and prolonged its reproductive duration. In contrast, A. podophylla showed increased growth traits (e.g., H), decreased defense traits (e.g., OA), and advanced reproductive events (e.g., the all-spore emergence date) under CAN or UAN. Meanwhile, the negative effects on the C. baromet growth traits and A. podophylla defense traits were stronger for CAN than for UAN. In addition, the soil chemical properties always explained more of the variations in the growth and reproductive traits of the two REFs than the N addition. Our study indicates that, under simulated N deposition, C. baromet increases its investment in defense, whereas A. podophylla increases its investment in growth and reproduction; this may cause an increasing A. podophylla population and decreasing C. baromet population in subtropical forests. Our study also highlights the importance of considering micro-environments and the N-addition approach when predicting N deposition impact on subtropical forest REFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Ji
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liping Wei
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuanqiu Li
- Shimentai National Natural Reserve, Yingde 513000, China
| | - Yang Tian
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ke Liu
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai Ren
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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16
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Yi L, Wu M, Yu F, Song Q, Zhao Z, Liao L, Tong J. Enhanced cadmium phytoremediation capacity of poplar is associated with increased biomass and Cd accumulation under nitrogen deposition conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114154. [PMID: 36228354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition plays a significant role in soil cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation, and poplar has been considered for the remediation of contaminated soil because of its enormous biomass and strong Cd resistance. To reveal the underlying physiological and root phenotypic mechanisms of N deposition affecting Cd phytoextraction in poplar, we assessed root phenotypic characteristics, Cd absorption and translocation, chlorophyll fluorescence performance, and antioxidant enzyme activities of a clone of Populus deltoides × P. nigra through combined greenhouse Cd and N experiments. Our results showed that Cd significantly changed the root phenotype by reducing root length, tip number, and diameter. Cd also caused the peroxidation of lipids, damaged the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre, and reduced photosynthetic capacity, resulting in a decrease in biomass accumulation in poplar. The N60 (60 kg N·ha-1·yr-1) and N90 (90 kg N·ha-1·yr-1) treatments promoted the net photosynthetic rate of poplar by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline content and repairing the PSII reaction centre, thus increasing the biomass accumulation of poplar exposed to Cd stress. Simultaneously, the N60 and N90 treatments might have increased Cd uptake from the soil by upregulating total root length, root tips, and fine root length. Cd mainly accumulated in roots and stems but not in leaves. The N30 (30 kg N·ha-1·yr-1) treatment had no obvious effects on these parameters compared with the single Cd treatment. Consequently, our study suggested that adequate N can improve biomass and Cd accumulation to enhance the phytoremediation capacity of poplar for Cd, which might be related to the improvement of leaf physiological defence and the change in root phenotypic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lita Yi
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mengyuan Wu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Health and Agriculture, Hangzhou Wanxiang Polytechnic, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Liang Liao
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiali Tong
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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17
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De Marco A, Sicard P, Feng Z, Agathokleous E, Alonso R, Araminiene V, Augustatis A, Badea O, Beasley JC, Branquinho C, Bruckman VJ, Collalti A, David‐Schwartz R, Domingos M, Du E, Garcia Gomez H, Hashimoto S, Hoshika Y, Jakovljevic T, McNulty S, Oksanen E, Omidi Khaniabadi Y, Prescher A, Saitanis CJ, Sase H, Schmitz A, Voigt G, Watanabe M, Wood MD, Kozlov MV, Paoletti E. Strategic roadmap to assess forest vulnerability under air pollution and climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5062-5085. [PMID: 35642454 PMCID: PMC9541114 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although it is an integral part of global change, most of the research addressing the effects of climate change on forests have overlooked the role of environmental pollution. Similarly, most studies investigating the effects of air pollutants on forests have generally neglected the impacts of climate change. We review the current knowledge on combined air pollution and climate change effects on global forest ecosystems and identify several key research priorities as a roadmap for the future. Specifically, we recommend (1) the establishment of much denser array of monitoring sites, particularly in the South Hemisphere; (2) further integration of ground and satellite monitoring; (3) generation of flux-based standards and critical levels taking into account the sensitivity of dominant forest tree species; (4) long-term monitoring of N, S, P cycles and base cations deposition together at global scale; (5) intensification of experimental studies, addressing the combined effects of different abiotic factors on forests by assuring a better representation of taxonomic and functional diversity across the ~73,000 tree species on Earth; (6) more experimental focus on phenomics and genomics; (7) improved knowledge on key processes regulating the dynamics of radionuclides in forest systems; and (8) development of models integrating air pollution and climate change data from long-term monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Meteorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science & TechnologyNanjingChina
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Meteorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science & TechnologyNanjingChina
| | - Rocio Alonso
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMATMadridSpain
| | - Valda Araminiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and ForestryKaunasLithuania
| | - Algirdas Augustatis
- Faculty of Forest Sciences and EcologyVytautas Magnus UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Ovidiu Badea
- “Marin Drăcea” National Institute for Research and Development in ForestryVoluntariRomania
- Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering“Transilvania” UniversityBraşovRomania
| | - James C. Beasley
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory and Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAikenSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Viktor J. Bruckman
- Commission for Interdisciplinary Ecological StudiesAustrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Marisa Domingos
- Instituto de BotanicaNucleo de Pesquisa em EcologiaSao PauloBrazil
| | - Enzai Du
- Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Shoji Hashimoto
- Department of Forest SoilsForestry and Forest Products Research InstituteTsukubaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Elina Oksanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Department of Environmental Health EngineeringIndustrial Medial and Health, Petroleum Industry Health Organization (PIHO)AhvazIran
| | | | - Costas J. Saitanis
- Lab of Ecology and Environmental ScienceAgricultural University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Hiroyuki Sase
- Ecological Impact Research DepartmentAsia Center for Air Pollution Research (ACAP)NiigataJapan
| | - Andreas Schmitz
- State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine‐WestphaliaRecklinghausenGermany
| | | | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of AgricultureTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT)FuchuJapan
| | - Michael D. Wood
- School of Science, Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordUK
| | | | - Elena Paoletti
- Department of Forest SoilsForestry and Forest Products Research InstituteTsukubaJapan
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18
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Wu G, Chen D, Zhou Z, Ye Q, Wu J. Canopy nitrogen addition enhance the photosynthetic rate of canopy species by improving leaf hydraulic conductivity in a subtropical forest. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942851. [PMID: 35991414 PMCID: PMC9389171 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on the photosynthetic capacity of plants is critical to understand forest growth and conservation under global change. However, studies on this topic generally consider only understory N addition, which ignores the effect of canopy interception. In this study, we conducted a field experiment in a subtropical forest to compare the effects of canopy vs. understory N addition on the photosynthetic rate of canopy and understory species. We found that canopy N addition enhanced the photosynthetic rate of canopy species by increasing leaf hydraulic conductivity and shortening the distance of CO2 transportation. In contrast, understory N addition had non-significant effects on the photosynthetic rate of canopy species. Moreover, the photosynthetic rate of understory species was not affected by canopy or understory N addition. Interestingly, changes in hydraulic conductivity contributed more to accelerating the photosynthetic rate than changes in CO2 transport distance. Our results provide important insights into the dissimilar effects of canopy and understory N addition on the photosynthetic rates of species in subtropical forests. Based on our findings, we highlighted the urgent need to consider canopy processes in future studies on N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wu
- Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Science Observation and Research Station, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dexiang Chen
- Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Science Observation and Research Station, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Zhou
- Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Science Observation and Research Station, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Science Observation and Research Station, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Shen F, Liu W, Duan H, Wu J, Wu C, Liao Y, Yuan Y, Fan H. High N Storage but Low N Recovery After Long-Term N-Fertilization in a Subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation Ecosystem: A 14-Year Case Study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:914176. [PMID: 35800613 PMCID: PMC9255632 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.914176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Forests are among the most important N pools of all terrestrial ecosystems. Elevated atmospheric N deposition in recent decades has led to increased interest in the influences of N application on forest N cycles. However, accurate assessments of N storage in forest ecosystems remain elusive. We used a 14-year experiment of a Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook] plantation to explore how long-term N fertilization affected N storage and recovery rates. Our study plots were located in a field that had been continuously fertilized over 14 years (2004-2017) with urea at rates of 0 (N0, control), 60 (N60, low-N), 120 (N120, medium-N), and 240 (N240, high-N) kg N hm-2a-1. Data were collected that included N content and biomass in the understory, litter, and various plant organs (i.e., leaves, branches, stems, roots, and bark), as well as soil N content and density at different depths. Results showed that the total ecosystem N storage in the N-fertilized plots was 1.1-1.4 times higher than that in the control plots. About 12.36% of the total ecosystem N was stored in vegetation (plant organs, litter, and understory) and 87.64% was stored in soil (0-60 cm). Plant organs, litter, and soil had higher N storage than the understory layer. Significantly higher plant N uptake was found in the medium-N (1.2 times) and high-N (1.4 times) treatments relative to the control. The N recovery rate of the understory layer in the N-fertilized treatments was negative and less than that in the control. Application of long-term N fertilizer to this stand led to a low N recovery rate (average 11.39%) and high loss of N (average 91.86%), which indicate low N use efficiency in the Chinese fir plantation ecosystem. Our findings further clarify the distribution of N in an important terrestrial ecosystem and improve our understanding of regional N cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Shen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Honglang Duan
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingchun Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yinghong Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Houbao Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems and Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
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20
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Li Y, Xu H, Chen J, Xiao Y, Ni Y, Zhang R, Ye W, Lian J. Effects of soil resource availability on patterns of plant functional traits across spatial scales. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8587. [PMID: 35222961 PMCID: PMC8844114 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying patterns and drivers of plant community assembly has long been a central issue in ecology. Many studies have explored the above questions using a trait-based approach; however, there are still unknowns around how patterns of plant functional traits vary with environmental gradients. In this study, the responses of individual and multivariate trait dispersions of 134 species to soil resource availability were examined based on correlational analysis and torus-translation tests across four spatial scales in a subtropical forest, China. Results indicated that different degrees of soil resource availability had different effects on trait dispersions. Specifically, limited resource (available phosphorus) showed negative relationships with trait dispersions, non-limited resource (available potassium) showed positive relationships with trait dispersions, and saturated resource (available nitrogen) had no effect on trait dispersions. Moreover, compared with the stem (wood density) and architectural trait (maximum height), we found that leaf functional traits can well reflect the response of plants to nutrient gradients. Lastly, the spatial scale only affected the magnitude but not the direction of the correlations between trait dispersions and environmental gradients. Overall, the results highlight the importance of soil resource availability and spatial scale in understanding how plant functional traits respond to environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenCenter for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Forest Ecology Research CenterResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Han Xu
- Forest Ecology Research CenterResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Jie Chen
- Forest Ecology Research CenterResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Yihua Xiao
- Forest Ecology Research CenterResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunlong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenCenter for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenCenter for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Wanhui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenCenter for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina
| | - Juyu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical GardenCenter for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina
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21
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Liu Y, Liu B, Yue Z, Zeng F, Li X, Li L. Effects of short-term nitrogen and phosphorus addition on leaf stoichiometry of a dominant alpine grass. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12611. [PMID: 35036130 PMCID: PMC8710051 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition on the nutrient stoichiometry of soil and plant are gaining improving recognition. However, whether and how the responses of N cycle coupled with P of the soil–plant system to external N and P deposition in alpine grassland is still unclear. A short-term external N and P addition experiment was conducted in an alpine grazing grassland in the KunLun Mountain to explore the effects of short-term N and P addition on the nutrient stoichiometry in soil and plant. Different rates of N addition (ranging from 0.5 g N m−2 yr−1 to 24 g N m−2 yr−1) and P addition (ranging from 0.05 g N m−2 yr−1 to 3.2 g P m−2 yr−1) were supplied, and the soil available N, P, leaf N and P stoichiometry of Seriphidium rhodanthum which dominant in the alpine ecosystem were measured. Results showed that N addition increased soil inorganic N, leaf C, leaf N, and leaf N:P ratio but decreased soil available P and leaf C:P. Furthermore, P addition increased soil available P, leaf P, soil inorganic N, leaf N, and leaf C and reduced leaf C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios. Leaf N:P was positively related to N addition gradient. Leaf C:P and leaf N:P were significantly negatively related to P addition gradient. Although external N and P addition changed the value of leaf N:P, the ratio was always lower than 16 in all treatments. The influences of P addition on soil and plant mainly caused the increase in soil available P concentration. In addition, the N and P cycles in the soil–plant system were tightly coupled in P addition but decoupled in N addition condition. The nutrient stoichiometry of soil and leaf responded differently to continuous N and P addition gradients. These data suggested that the alpine grazing grassland was limited by P rather than N due to long-term N deposition and uniform fertilization. Moreover, increasing P addition alleviated P limitation. Therefore, the imbalanced N and P input could change the strategy of nutrient use of the grass and then change the rates of nutrient cycling in the alpine grassland ecosystem in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaLan Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele, Xinjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Lab. of Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Zewei Yue
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele, Xinjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele, Xinjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele, Xinjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Huarancca Reyes T, Scartazza A, Bretzel F, Di Baccio D, Guglielminetti L, Pini R, Calfapietra C. Urban conditions affect soil characteristics and physiological performance of three evergreen woody species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 171:169-181. [PMID: 34999508 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physiological studies conducted mainly in metropolitan areas demonstrated that urban environments generate stressful conditions for plants. However, less attention has been paid to plant response to urban conditions in small cities. Here, we evaluated to what extent the health and physiological functions of some Mediterranean urban species [Quercus ilex L., Nerium oleander L. and Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton] were impacted by urban and peri-urban conditions in Pisa (Italy), a small medieval city with narrow streets that impede efficient public transport causing oversized private transport. Experimental period spanned from late-summer to winter in concomitance with the sharp increase in air pollutants. Climate and air quality, soil physical and chemical properties, and plant physiological traits including leaf gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf pigments were assessed. In soil, the organic carbon affected aggregates and water stability and the concentrations of some micro-elements decreased in winter. Air pollutants impaired leaf gas exchanges and photochemical processes at photosystem II, depending on species, season, and urban conditions. Shrubs were more susceptible than the tree species, highlighting that the latter adapted better to pollutants along an urban-peri-urban transect in Mediterranean environments. This study gives information on the physiological adaptability of some of the most frequent Mediterranean urban species to stressful conditions and demonstrated that, even in a small city, urban conditions influence the physiology and development of vegetation, affecting the plant health status and its ability to provide key ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Huarancca Reyes
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via Mariscoglio 34, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Scartazza
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bretzel
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Baccio
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guglielminetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via Mariscoglio 34, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Calfapietra
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Marconi 2, 05010, Porano (TR), Italy
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23
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Li Z, Qiu X, Sun Y, Liu S, Hu H, Xie J, Chen G, Xiao Y, Tang Y, Tu L. C:N:P stoichiometry responses to 10 years of nitrogen addition differ across soil components and plant organs in a subtropical Pleioblastus amarus forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148925. [PMID: 34273840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
How stoichiometry in different ecosystem components responds to long-term nitrogen (N) addition is crucial for understanding within-ecosystem biogeochemistry cycling processes in the context of global change. To explore the effects of long-term N addition on nutrient stoichiometry in soil and plant components in forest ecosystem, a 10-year N addition experiment using ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) was conducted in a bamboo forest in the Rainy Zone of West China, where the background N deposition is the highest in the world. Four N treatment levels (+0, +50, +150, +300 kg N ha-1 yr-1) (CK, LN, MN, HN) were applied monthly since November 2007, and then, the C:N:P stoichiometry of soil, microbial biomass, and enzymes in rhizosphere soil and bulk soil, and plant organs were measured. N addition decreased the stoichiometry of C:N:P of soil, microbial biomass, and enzymes. Soil C:N:P change under N addition treatments was stronger in bulk soil, while C:N:P changes for microbial biomass and enzyme activity were significant in rhizosphere soil. N addition significantly decreased TOC in bulk soil. Changes in MBC:MBN:MBP in rhizosphere and bulk soil were mainly caused by MBN and MBP, and MBP performance was consistent with that of AP. The main variable leading to the change of enzyme C:N:P in rhizosphere soil was BG and AP, and in bulk soil was LAP + NAG activity. Plant root C:P and N:P increased with N addition, while those for leaves and twigs did not. N addition significantly reduced the pH of both rhizosphere and bulk soils. These results suggest that the stoichiometry responses of rhizosphere and bulk soils were different due to the influence of plant roots. Soil acidification, enhanced aluminum toxicity potential, decreased root biomass and enhanced microbial P limitation caused by N addition were the important mechanisms that promoted stoichiometry changes in this ecosystem. Under the chronic input of N deposition, the stoichiometry between plant and soil evolved in different directions, which may lead to the decoupling of plants from soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyan Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Forest Ecosystem Research and Observation Station in Putuo Island, Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xirong Qiu
- Forestry and bamboo Bureau of Cuiping District, YiBin, SiChuan 644000, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Sining Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Hongling Hu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jiulong Xie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yinlong Xiao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lihua Tu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry, Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Chen J, Feng M, Cui Y, Liu G. The impacts of nitrogen addition on upland soil methane uptake: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148863. [PMID: 34247074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Elevated nitrogen (N) addition from anthropogenic activities has great impacts on soil methane (CH4) uptake, which could interrupt the existing global CH4 balance and cause feedbacks to climate and biogeochemical processes. Previous studies have come to inconsistent conclusions on both the quantification of the response of CH4 uptake to N addition and understanding of its underlying mechanisms, probably due to the lack of experimental data. Here, we conduct a broad meta-analysis of 90 papers to quantify the responses of CH4 uptake to N addition in upland soil. The results show that N addition has a significant negative impact on soil CH4 uptake (-19.25%), which is termed the N inhibition effect. Soil pH is identified as the dominant factor, with the other factors affecting the CH4 uptake through the alteration of soil pH. The N inhibition effect is observed to be large and significant in forest and grassland, but small and insignificant in farmland, because of the distinct composition of their methanotrophic communities. A threshold of the N addition level is identified at about 68 kg N ha-1 year-1, which indicates the lowest N inhibition effect. Furthermore, the convex relationship between response ratio of CH4 uptake (negative) and N addition duration indicates that a medium level of N addition duration has the largest N inhibition effect, and longer or shorter durations will both reduce the effect. Our analysis of the N inhibition effect implies that controlling the N addition level could effectively reduce the CH4 concentration in the atmosphere and thus relieve global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Chen
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Maoyuan Feng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Yongxing Cui
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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25
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Chiwa M. Long-term changes in atmospheric nitrogen deposition and stream water nitrate leaching from forested watersheds in western Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117634. [PMID: 34182389 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Japan receives nitrogenous air pollutants via long-range transport from China. However, emissions of nitrogenous air pollutants in China have stabilized or decreased in recent years. This study examined both the long-term trends in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition from the 1990s to the 2010s and the response of stream water nitrate (NO3-) leaching from forested areas in western Japan. A long-term (1992-2018) temporal analysis of atmospheric N deposition in Fukuoka (western Japan) was conducted. Atmospheric bulk N deposition was collected at forested sites in a suburban forest (Swest) and a rural forest (Rwest) in western Japan during 2009-2018. Stream water samples were also collected from four locations at sites Swest and Rwest during the same period. Results showed that atmospheric N deposition in Fukuoka started to decrease from the mid-2000s at an annual rate of -2.5% yr-1. The decrease in atmospheric N deposition was attributable mainly to decreased atmospheric ammonium (NH4+) deposition, which caused greater contribution of NO3- deposition to atmospheric N deposition. Concentrations of NO3- in the stream water samples from three of the four locations decreased significantly at an annual rate of -3.7 to -0.7% yr-1. However, stream water NO3- concentrations increased in one watershed where understory vegetation has been deteriorating owing to the increased deer population. This might weaken the recovery of N leaching from forested areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Chiwa
- Kyushu University Forest, Kyushu University, 394 Tsubakuro, Sasaguri, Fukuoka, 811-2415, Japan.
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26
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Wang S, Bao X, Feng K, Deng Y, Zhou W, Shao P, Zheng T, Yao F, Yang S, Liu S, Shi R, Bai Z, Xie H, Yu J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Sha L, Song Q, Liu Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Li H, Wang Q, Han X, Zhu Y, Liang C. Warming-driven migration of core microbiota indicates soil property changes at continental scale. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2025-2035. [PMID: 36654172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial species are predicted to migrate northward under global warming conditions, yet little is known about the direction and magnitude of change in microbial distribution patterns. In this continental-scale study with more than 1600 forest soil samples, we verify the existence of core microbiota and lump them into a manageable number of eco-clusters based on microbial habitat preferences. By projecting the abundance differences of eco-clusters between future and current climatic conditions, we observed the potential warming-driven migration of the core microbiota under warming, partially verified by a field warming experiment at Southwest China. Specifically, the species that favor low pH are potentially expanding and moving northward to medium-latitudes (25°-45°N), potentially implying that warm temperate forest would be under threat of soil acidification with warming. The eco-cluster of high-pH with high-annual mean temperature (AMT) experienced significant abundance increases at middle- (35°-45°N) to high-latitudes (> 45°N), especially under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, likely resulting in northward expansion. Furthermore, the eco-cluster that favors low-soil organic carbon (SOC) was projected to increase under warming scenarios at low-latitudes (< 25°N), potentially an indicator of SOC storage accumulation in warmer areas. Meanwhile, at high-latitudes (> 45°N) the changes in relative abundance of this eco-cluster is inversely related with the temperature variation trends, suggesting microbes-mediated soil organic carbon changes are more responsive to temperature variation in colder areas. These results have vital implications for the migration direction of microbial communities and its potential ecological consequences in future warming scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuelian Bao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Pengshuai Shao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tiantian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shengen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rongjiu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhen Bai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongtu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Liqing Sha
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Qinghai Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Yuntong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman 73019 OK, USA
| | - Yuguang Zhang
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, and the Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qingkui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongguan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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27
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Long-Term Nitrogen Deposition Alters Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition and Function in a Poplar Plantation. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7100791. [PMID: 34682213 PMCID: PMC8541514 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous upsurge in soil nitrogen (N) enrichment has had strong impacts on the structure and function of ecosystems. Elucidating how plant ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) mutualists respond to this additional N will facilitate the rapid development and implementation of more broadly applicable management and remediation strategies. For this study, we investigated the responses of EMF communities to increased N, and how other abiotic environmental factors impacted them. Consequently, we conducted an eight-year N addition experiment in a poplar plantation in coastal eastern China that included five N addition levels: 0 (N0), 50 (N1), 100 (N2), 150 (N3), and 300 (N4) kg N ha−1 yr−1. We observed that excessive N inputs reduced the colonization rate and species richness of EMF, and altered its community structure and functional traits. The total carbon content of the humus layer and available phosphorus in the mineral soil were important drivers of EMF abundance, while the content of ammonium in the humus layer and mineral soil determined the variations in the EMF community structure and mycelium foraging type. Our findings indicated that long-term N addition induced soil nutrient imbalances that resulted in a severe decline in EMF abundance and loss of functional diversity in poplar plantations.
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Su S, Xie Q, Lang Y, Cao D, Xu Y, Chen J, Chen S, Hu W, Qi Y, Pan X, Sun Y, Wang Z, Liu CQ, Jiang G, Fu P. High Molecular Diversity of Organic Nitrogen in Urban Snow in North China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:4344-4356. [PMID: 33502199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Snow serves as a vital scavenging mechanism to gas-phase and particle-phase organic nitrogen substances in the atmosphere, providing a significant link between land-atmosphere flux of nitrogen in the surface-earth system. Here, we used optical instruments (UV-vis and excitation-emission matrix fluorescence) and a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) to elucidate the molecular composition and potential precursors of snow samples collected simultaneously at four megacities in North China. The elemental O/N ratio (≥3), together with the preference in the negative ionization mode, indicates that the one and two nitrogen atom-containing organics (CHON1 and CHON2) in snow were largely in the oxidized form (as organic nitrates, -ONO2). This study assumed that scavenging of particle-phase and gas-phase organic nitrates might be significant sources of CHON in precipitation. A gas-phase oxidation process and a particle-phase hydrolysis process, at a molecular level, were used to trace the potential precursors of CHON. Results show that more than half of the snow CHON molecules may be related to the oxidized and hydrolyzed processes of atmospheric organics. Potential formation processes of atmospheric organics on a molecular level provide a new concept to better understand the sources and scavenging mechanisms of organic nitrogen species in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Su
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiaorong Xie
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yulin Qi
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaole Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yele Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zifa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Pingqing Fu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Wang J, Shi X, Zheng C, Suter H, Huang Z. Different responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to nitrogen deposition in a subtropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142449. [PMID: 33045514 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
China has experienced a widespread increase in N deposition due to intensive anthropogenic activities, particularly in the subtropical regions. However, the effects of long-term N deposition on soil bacterial and fungal abundance, diversity, and community composition remain largely unclear. We assessed the effects of N deposition on soil microbial communities in summer and winter, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Illumina Miseq sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS genes from subtropical natural forest soils. The abundance of both soil bacteria and fungi exhibited a decreasing pattern with increasing N deposition rates. Nitrogen deposition increased bacterial diversity in both summer and winter, whereas fungal diversity was significantly decreased in summer, but greatly increased under the highest level of N deposition (150 kg N ha-1 yr-1) in winter. Nitrogen deposition significantly increased the relative abundance of bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and WPS-2, but decreased that of Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. In addition, N deposition significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycetes, but did not exert any significant effect on Basidiomycetes. The bacterial and fungal community compositions were greatly influenced by N deposition, with soil N availability and soil pH identified as the two most influential soil properties. This study demonstrates that the fungal community was more sensitive than the bacterial community to N deposition, and further emphasizes the importance of simultaneously evaluating soil bacterial and fungal communities in response to global environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, 00China
| | - Xiuzhen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, 00China.
| | - Chengyang Zheng
- Department of Ecology, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Helen Suter
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, 00China.
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30
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Xu M, Li T, Liu W, Ding J, Gao L, Han X, Zhang X. Sensitivity of soil nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms to nitrogen deposition on the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau. ANN MICROBIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-020-01619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Nitrogen deposition at rate not more than 50 kg ha−1 year−1 is generally considered to stimulate soil nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms via increases in soil nitrogen content. However, this phenomenon in alpine ecosystems remains largely untested.
Methods
We conducted an 8-year nitrogen deposition experiment on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, with four nitrogen deposition rates of 10 (atmospheric deposition), 20, 30, and 50 kg ha−1 year−1.
Results
The abundances of two nitrifying genes and four denitrifying genes and the N2O emission rate initially increased and subsequently decreased as the nitrogen deposition rate increased. The observed decrease in these indices at the rate of 50 kg ha−1 year−1 was caused by the toxicity of excessive NH4+.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrates the vulnerability of alpine microorganisms under global changes.
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31
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Xu L, Xing A, Du E, Shen H, Yan Z, Jiang L, Tian D, Hu H, Fang J. Effects of nitrogen addition on leaf nutrient stoichiometry in an old‐growth boreal forest. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Longchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China
| | - Aijun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China
| | - Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875China
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China
| | - Zhengbing Yan
- Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing100871China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing100871China
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing100871China
| | - Huifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093China
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32
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Samec P, Zapletal M, Lukeš P, Rotter P. Spatial lag effect of aridity and nitrogen deposition on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) damage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114352. [PMID: 32806435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a widespread tolerant forest tree-species; however, its adaptability to environmental change differs among sites with various buffering capacity. In this study, we compared the spatial effects of aridity index (AI) and nitrogen deposition (ND) on biomass density in natural and man-made pine stands of differing soil fertility using geographically weighted multiple lag regression. Soil fertility was defined using soil series as zonal trophic (27.9%), acidic (48.2%), gleyed (15.2%) and as azonal exposed (2.5%), maple (2.4%), ash (0.8%), wet (2.1%) and peat (0.9%) under pine stands in the Czech Republic (Central Europe; 4290.5 km2; 130-1298 m a.s.l.). Annual AI and ND in every pine stand were estimated by intersection between raster and vector from 1 × 1 km grid for years 2000, 2003, 2007 and 2010 of severe non-specific forest damage spread. Biomass density was obtained from a MODIS 250 × 250 m raster using the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) for years 2000-2015, with a decrease in EVI indicating non-specific damage. Environmental change was assessed by comparing predictor values at EVI time t and t+λ. Non-specific damage was registered over 51.9% of total forest area. Less than 8.8% of damaged stands were natural and the rest (91.2%) of damaged stands were man-made. Pure pine stands were more damaged than mixed. The ND effect prevailed up to 2007, while AI dominated later. Temporal increasing ND effect under AI effectiveness led to the most significant pine stand damage in 2008 and 2014. Predictors from 2000 to 2007 afflicted 58.5% of non-specifically damaged stands at R2 0.09-0.76 (median 0.38), but from 2000 to 2010 afflicted 57.1% of the stands at R2 0.16-0.75 (median 0.40). The most damaged stands occurred on acidic sites. Mixed forest and sustainable management on natural sites seem as effective remediation reducing damage by ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Samec
- Mendel University, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miloš Zapletal
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Silesian University in Opava, Institute of Physics in Opava, Bezručovo náměstí 1150/13, CZ-746 01, Opava, Czech Republic; Centre for Environment and Land Assessment - Ekotoxa, Otická 37, CZ-746 01, Opava, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lukeš
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rotter
- The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Lidická 25/27, CZ- 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Joštova 10, CZ, Brno, Czech Republic
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33
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Geng S, Chen Z, Ma S, Feng Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Han S. Throughfall reduction diminished the enhancing effect of N addition on soil N leaching loss in an old, temperate forest. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114090. [PMID: 32062460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) leaching is recognized to have negative effects on the environment. There is a lack of studies on different simultaneously occurring drivers of environmental change, including changing rainfall and N deposition, on soil N leaching. In this study, a two factorial field experiment was conducted in a Korean pine forest with the following four treatments: 30% of throughfall reduction (TR), 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 of N addition (N+), throughfall reduction plus N addition (TRN+) and natural forest (CK). The zero-tension pan lysimeter method was used to assess the response of soil N leaching loss to manipulated N addition and throughfall reduction. The results showed that the soil N leaching loss in natural forest was 5.0 ± 0.4 kg N ha-1yr-1, of which dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) accounted for 48%. Compared to natural forest, six years of N addition (NH4NO3, 50 kg N ha-1 year-1) significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil N leaching losses by 122%, especially in the form of NO3-; a 30% reduction in throughfall slightly decreased N leaching losses by 23%; in combination, N addition and throughfall reduction increased N leaching losses by 48%. There was a strong interaction between N addition and throughfall reduction, which decreased N leaching loss by approximately 2.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Our results indicated that drought would diminish the enhancing effect of N deposition on soil N leaching. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating both N deposition and precipitation and their impacts on soil N leaching into future N budget assessments of forest ecosystems under global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Clean Combustion for Electricity Generation and Heat-Supply Technology, College of Energy and Power, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, 110136, China
| | - Yue Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shijie Han
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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34
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Mgelwa AS, Kabalika Z, Hu YL. Increasing importance of nitrate-nitrogen and organic nitrogen concentrations in bulk and throughfall precipitation across urban forests in southern China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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35
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Ma TY, Liu XY, Xu SQ, Guo HR, Huang H, Hu CC, Wu D, Sun ZC, Chen CJ, Song W. Levels and variations of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen among forests in a hotspot region of high nitrogen deposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136620. [PMID: 32019017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have distinctly enhanced the deposition levels of atmospheric nitrogen (N) pollutants into terrestrial ecosystems, but whether and to what extents soil carbon (C) and N status have been influenced by elevated N inputs remain poorly understood in the 'real' world given related knowledge has largely based on N-addition experiments. Here we reported soil organic C (OC) and total N (TN) for twenty-seven forests along a gradient of N deposition (22.4-112.9 kg N/ha/yr) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region of northern China, a global hotspot of high N pollution. Levels of soil TN in forests of the BTH region have been elevated compared with investigations in past decades, suggesting that long-term N deposition might cause soil TN increases. Combining with major geographical and environmental factors among the study forests, we found unexpectedly that soil moisture and pH values rather than N deposition levels were major regulators of the observed spatial variations of soil OC and TN contents. As soil moisture and pH values increased with mean annual precipitation and temperature, respectively, soil C and N status in forests of the BTH region might be more responsive to climate change than to N pollution. These evidence suggests that both N deposition and climate differences should be considered into managing ecosystem functions of forest resources in regions with high N pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yi Ma
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shi-Qi Xu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao-Ran Guo
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao-Chen Hu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhong-Cong Sun
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chong-Juan Chen
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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36
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Liu Y, Tan X, Wang Y, Guo Z, He D, Fu S, Wan S, Ye Q, Zhang W, Liu W, Shen W. Responses of litter, organic and mineral soil enzyme kinetics to 6 years of canopy and understory nitrogen additions in a temperate forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136383. [PMID: 31931193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition could profoundly impact soil carbon, N and phosphorus cycling that are often regulated by extracellular enzymes. The potential activities of enzymes in response to N deposition have been studied extensively, but the kinetic mechanisms in response to canopy and understory N additions in different soil layers are poorly understood. Here, we conducted a six-year-long field manipulation experiment in a temperate deciduous forest to reveal the kinetic characteristics of seven extracellular hydrolytic enzymes in the litter, organic and mineral soil layers in response to canopy and understory N additions. Canopy N addition and understory N addition exerted similar effects on the kinetics parameters (Vmax and Km) of most enzymes under study. The kinetics parameters of most enzymes generally increased in the litter layer but decreased in the organic layer and had little change in the mineral soil layer in response to N addition. In addition, the changed kinetic parameters were mainly correlated with moisture in the litter layer, with pH, substrate properties (TC, TN, DOC and DON) and microbial communities (G+, G-, total bacterial and fungal biomass) in the organic and mineral soil layers. These findings indicate that enzyme kinetics responses to N deposition differ in soil layers with varying determinant factors, and therefore are driven by various physical, chemical and microbial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yaya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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37
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Li P, Yin R, Shang B, Agathokleous E, Zhou H, Feng Z. Interactive effects of ozone exposure and nitrogen addition on tree root traits and biomass allocation pattern: An experimental case study and a literature meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136379. [PMID: 31926420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) pollution often co-occurs with anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition. Many studies have explored how O3 and soil N affect aboveground structure and function of trees, but it remains unclear how belowground processes change over a spectrum of N addition and O3 concentrations levels. Here, we explored the interactive impact of O3 (five levels) and soil N (four levels) on fine and coarse root biomass and biomass allocation pattern in poplar clone 107 (Populus euramericana cv. '74/76'). We then evaluated the modifying effects of N on the responses of tree root biomass to O3 via a synthesis of published literature. Elevated O3 inhibited while N addition stimulated root biomass, with more pronounced effects on fine roots than on coarse root. The root:shoot (R:S) ratio was markedly decreased by N addition but remained unaffected by O3. No interactive effects between O3 and N were observed on root biomass and R:S ratio. The slope of log-log linear relationship between shoot and root biomass (i.e. scaling exponent) was increased by N, but not significantly affected by O3. The analysis of published literature further revealed that the O3-induced reduction in tree root biomass was not modified by soil N. The results suggest that higher N addition levels enhance faster allocation of shoot biomass while shoot biomass scales isometrically with root biomass across multiple O3 levels. N addition does not markedly alter the sensitivity of root biomass of trees to O3. These findings highlight that the biomass allocation exhibits a differential response to environmentally realistic levels of O3 and N, and provide an important perspective for understanding and predicting net primary productivity and carbon dynamics in O3-polluted and N-enriched environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bo Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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38
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Zhu J, Chen Z, Wang Q, Xu L, He N, Jia Y, Zhang Q, Yu G. Potential transition in the effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113739. [PMID: 31874437 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition in China may increase due to urbanization and economic growth. Current research has considered the ecological significance under the assumption of increasing N deposition. Atmospheric N deposition tending toward levelling or declining has been observed in China. Such potential recovery and responses of high N loads ecosystems under decreasing atmospheric N deposition scenarios have yet to be adequately investigated. This work reviews existing literature to consider possible responses of carbon (C) sequestration, biodiversity and species composition, soil acidification, and greenhouse emissions in ecosystems responding to recent patterns of N deposition. Potential effects of N composition and internal ratios may be further explored through state-of-the-art N addition experiments and model development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qiufeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Niangpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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39
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Du E, Fenn ME, De Vries W, Ok YS. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to global forests: Status, impacts and management options. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:1044-1048. [PMID: 30992158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Mark E Fenn
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr., Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Wim De Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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40
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A database of atmospheric nitrogen concentration and deposition from the nationwide monitoring network in China. Sci Data 2019; 6:51. [PMID: 31073123 PMCID: PMC6509345 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has increased substantially across China since 1980; however, data for N deposition fluxes since the 2000s has been very limited. Understanding and mitigating the impacts of N deposition requires long-term quantification of dry as well as wet deposition of key reactive nitrogen (Nr) species. Here we present a dataset for inorganic N concentrations and deposition for the period 2010-2015 in China, compiled from the nationwide deposition monitoring network. The dataset comprises information from 32 monitoring sites on concentrations and bulk deposition (wet plus part of dry deposition) fluxes of NH4+-N and NO3--N, air concentrations and dry deposition fluxes of the major Nr species NH3, NO2, HNO3, and particulate NH4+ and NO3-. This unique database is available inter alia to advance understanding of the spatial patterns of inorganic N concentrations and deposition in China and its associated effects, constrain primary Nr (e.g., NH3, NOx) emission inventories, and validate outputs of atmospheric chemistry and transport models.
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41
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Clark CM, Richkus J, Jones PW, Phelan J, Burns DA, de Vries W, Du E, Fenn ME, Jones L, Watmough SA. A synthesis of ecosystem management strategies for forests in the face of chronic nitrogen deposition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:1046-1058. [PMID: 31091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Total nitrogen (N) deposition has declined in many parts of the U.S. and Europe since the 1990s. Even so, it appears that decreased N deposition alone may be insufficient to induce recovery from the impacts of decades of elevated deposition, suggesting that management interventions may be necessary to promote recovery. Here we review the effectiveness of four remediation approaches (prescribed burning, thinning, liming, carbon addition) on three indicators of recovery from N deposition (decreased soil N availability, increased soil alkalinity, increased plant diversity), focusing on literature from the U.S. We reviewed papers indexed in the Web of Science since 1996 using specific key words, extracted data on the responses to treatment along with ancillary data, and conducted a meta-analysis using a three-level variance model structure. We found 69 publications (and 2158 responses) that focused on one of these remediation treatments in the context of N deposition, but only 29 publications (and 408 responses) reported results appropriate for our meta-analysis. We found that carbon addition was the only treatment that decreased N availability (effect size: -1.80 to -1.84 across metrics), while liming, thinning, and prescribed burning all tended to increase N availability (effect sizes: +0.4 to +1.2). Only liming had a significant positive effect on soil alkalinity (+10.5%-82.2% across metrics). Only prescribed burning and thinning affected plant diversity, but with opposing and often statistically marginal effects across metrics (i.e., increased richness, decreased Shannon or Simpson diversity). Thus, it appears that no single treatment is effective in promoting recovery from N deposition, and combinations of treatments should be explored. These conclusions are based on the limited published data available, underscoring the need for more studies in forested areas and more consistent reporting suitable for meta-analyses across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Clark
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC, 20460, USA.
| | - Jennifer Richkus
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Rd, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Phillip W Jones
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Rd, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jennifer Phelan
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Rd, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Douglas A Burns
- US Geological Survey New York Water Science Center, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Wim de Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Mark E Fenn
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Drive, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Laurence Jones
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Rd, Bangor, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun A Watmough
- School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9L 0G2, Canada
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Negative effects of canopy N addition on soil organic carbon in wet season are primarily detected in uppermost soils of a subtropical forest. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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43
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Mgelwa AS, Hu YL, Liu JF, Qiu Q, Liu Z, Yannick Ngaba MJ. Differential patterns of nitrogen and δ 15N in soil and foliar along two urbanized rivers in a subtropical coastal city of southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:907-914. [PMID: 30469285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization usually pollutes the environment leading to alterations in key biogeochemical cycles. Therefore, understanding its effects on forest nitrogen (N) saturation is becoming increasingly important for addressing N pollution challenges in urban ecosystems. In this study, we compared soil (N availability, net N mineralization, net nitrification, and δ15N) and foliar (N concentrations and δ15N) variables in upstream, midstream and downstream forest stands of Bailongjiang River (BJR; more urbanized) and Wulongjiang River (WJR; less urbanized), the two branches of the Minjiang River Estuary. Total soil N, ammonium, nitrate, net N mineralization and nitrification rates, as well as soil δ15N were significantly higher in BJR compared with WJR forest stands. While no substantial difference in foliar N concentrations was noted between rivers, foliar δ15N was on average more than 2.5 times higher in BJR than WJR forest stands. Across the study area, foliar δ15N was positively related to soil δ15N, which also had positive linear relationships with soil nitrate concentrations, net N mineralization and net nitrification rates. Moreover, all variables except foliar δ15N and ammonium concentrations showed decreasing patterns in the order: upstream > midstream > downstream along the BJR forest stands. Soil ammonium and foliar values (N concentrations and δ15N) revealed clear patterns along the WJR, with the former increasing and the latter decreasing from the upstream to downstream forest stands. Our findings indicate an increase in urbanization-induced N inputs from the WJR to BJR and that forest stands along the BJR especially at the upstream have higher N availability and are shifting rapidly towards N saturation state. These results emphasize the need for effective N pollution control in urban environments through sustainable urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakari Said Mgelwa
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China; College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China; College of Natural Resources Management & Tourism, Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere University of Agriculture & Technology, P.O. Box 976, Musoma, Tanzania
| | - Ya-Lin Hu
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Fu Liu
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Qiu
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Mbezele Junior Yannick Ngaba
- Forest Ecology & Stable Isotope Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
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44
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Du E. A database of annual atmospheric acid and nutrient deposition to China's forests. Sci Data 2018; 5:180223. [PMID: 30325353 PMCID: PMC6190741 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions have substantially altered atmospheric acid and nutrient deposition in China. Understanding the status and characteristics of acid and nutrient deposition to China’s forests is crucial to assess the consequent impacts, and to better guide forest management options. Based on a comprehensive literature review, here I present an updated database for annual acid and nutrient deposition during the period 1991-2015 in China’s forests (CFAND 2.0). The database includes information from 56 forested sites on the water fluxes of bulk precipitation and throughfall, the concentrations of H+ (pH), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) (NH4+ and NO3−), sulfur (S), dissolved phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) in bulk precipitation and throughfall, and the fluxes of dissolved inorganic N, S, dissolved P, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in bulk deposition and throughfall. This database will help to understand the spatial patterns of acid and nutrient deposition, validate modelling results of acid and nutrient deposition and assess the ecological effects of acid and nutrient deposition in China’s forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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