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Laranjeiro F, Rotander A, López-Ibáñez S, Vilas A, Södergren Seilitz F, Clérandeau C, Sampalo M, Rial D, Bellas J, Cachot J, Almeda R, Beiras R. Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity of commercial bio-based polymer leachates on marine plankton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174403. [PMID: 38960198 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional plastics have become a major environmental concern due to their persistence and accumulation in marine ecosystems. The development of potential degradable polymers (PBP), such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and polylactic acid (PLA), has gained attention as an alternative to mitigate plastic pollution, since they have the potential to biodegrade under certain conditions, and their production is increasing as replacement of conventional polyolefins. This study aimed to assess and compare the toxicity of leachates of pre-compounding PBP (PLA and the PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate-covalerate (PHBv)) and polypropylene (PP) on five marine planktonic species. A battery of standard bioassays using bacteria, microalgae, sea urchin embryos, mussel embryos and copepod nauplii was conducted to assess the toxicity of leachates from those polymers. Additionally, the presence of chemical additives in the leachates was also verified through GC-MS and LC-HRMS analysis. Results showed that PHBv leachates exhibited higher toxicity compared to other polymers, with the microalgae Rhodomonas salina, being the most sensitive species to the tested leachates. On the other hand, PP and PLA generally displayed minimal to no toxicity in the studied species. Estimated species sensitivity distribution curves (SSD) show that PHBv leachates can be 10 times more hazardous to marine plankton than PP or PLA leachates, as demonstrated by the calculated Hazardous Concentration for 5 % of species (HC5). Qualitative chemical analysis supports the toxicological results, with 80 % of compounds being identified in PHBv leachates of which 2,4,6-trichlorophenol is worth mentioning due to the deleterious effects to aquatic biota described in literature. These findings underscore the fact that whereas environmental persistence can be targeted using PBP, the issue of chemical safety remains unsolved by some alternatives, such as PHBv. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the toxicity profiles of PBP materials through a priori toxicological risk assessment is vital for their responsible application as alternatives to conventional plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Laranjeiro
- ECIMAT, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - A Rotander
- MTM Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - S López-Ibáñez
- ECIMAT, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Vilas
- ECIMAT, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | | | - C Clérandeau
- EPOC, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - M Sampalo
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - D Rial
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52 36390 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - J Bellas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52 36390 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - J Cachot
- EPOC, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - R Almeda
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - R Beiras
- ECIMAT, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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2
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Pinto EP, Scott J, Hess K, Paredes E, Bellas J, Gonzalez-Estrella J, Minghetti M. Role of UV radiation and oxidation on polyethylene micro- and nanoplastics: impacts on cadmium sorption, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in fish intestinal cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34301-x. [PMID: 39017862 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and oxidation in high-density polyethylene microplastics (2-15 μm) and nanoplastics (0.2-9.9 μm) (NMPs) on particle chemistry, morphology, and reactivity with cadmium (Cd). Additionally, toxicity of NMPs alone and with Cd was evaluated using RTgutGC cells, a model of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine. The role on NMPs on Cd bioaccumulation in RTgutGC cells was also evaluated. Dynamic light scattering indicated that after UV radiation NPs agglomerated size increased from 0.8 to 28 µm, and to 8 µm when Cd was added. Oxidized MPs agglomerated size increased from 11 and 7 to 46 and 27 µm in non-UV- and UV-aged oxidized MPs when adding Cd, respectively. Cd-coated particles exhibited generally significantly higher zeta potential than non-Cd-coated particles, while attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the functional chemistry of the particles was oxidized and modified after being exposed to UV radiation. Presence of NMPs resulted in a significant decrease in Cd bioaccumulation in RTgutGC cells (100.5-87.9 ng Cd/mg protein) compared to Cd alone (138.1 ng Cd/mg protein), although this was not quite significant for co-exposures with UV-aged NPs (105.7 ng Cd/mg protein). No toxicity was observed in RTgutGC cells exposed to NMPs alone for 24 h. Moreover, co-exposures with Cd indicated that NMPs reduce the toxicity of Cd. Altogether these results show that UV aging enhances NMP surface reactivity, increasing Cd absorption in solution, which resulted in a reduction in Cd bioavailability and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Pereira Pinto
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Laboratorio de Ecoloxía Costeira (ECOCOST), 36310, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Justin Scott
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Kendra Hess
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Estefanía Paredes
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Laboratorio de Ecoloxía Costeira (ECOCOST), 36310, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jorge Gonzalez-Estrella
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Matteo Minghetti
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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de Oliveira Furo I, Nogueira LS, de Sousa RPC, Silva-Oliveira GC, Dos Santos da Silva DM, Costa-Malaquias A, de Oliveira EHC. New parameters for in vitro development of cell lines of the species Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Geophagus proximus (Castelnau, 1855). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 105:85-94. [PMID: 38634376 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Intending to compare in vitro cell growth in different conditions, we established cell cultures using fin biopsies of two freshwater fishes, Astyanax bimaculatus and Geophagus proximus. Three different culture media (Leibovitz-L-15, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium [DMEM], and 199) were employed, with or without the addition of AmnioMax, maintaining a standard temperature of 29°C. Based on the results obtained, we standardized a cell growth protocol in which medium 199 was less efficient for both species. Notably, G. proximus cells exhibited superior proliferation in DMEM and L-15 media, whereas A. bimaculatus cells demonstrated better parameters exclusively in the DMEM medium. Successful subculturing of cells with good proliferation index was observed, accompanied by preserved morphological characteristics. Therefore, the methodology outlined in this study represents an advancement in establishing fish cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanete de Oliveira Furo
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, Brazil
- Laboratório de Citogenômica e Mutagênese Ambiental, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Lygia S Nogueira
- Laboratório de Citogenômica e Mutagênese Ambiental, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Petry Corrêa de Sousa
- Laboratório de Citogenômica e Mutagênese Ambiental, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Laboratório de Evolução, Instituto de estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | | | - Diovanna Mirella Dos Santos da Silva
- Laboratório de Citogenômica e Mutagênese Ambiental, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
- PIBIC-PROPESP, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Allan Costa-Malaquias
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Pará, Altamira, Brazil
| | - Edivaldo H C de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Citogenômica e Mutagênese Ambiental, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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López-Vázquez J, Rodil R, Álvarez E, Alomar C, Cela R, Miró M, Deudero S, Quintana JB. Screening of organic chemicals associated to virgin low-density polyethylene microplastic pellets exposed to the Mediterranean Sea environment by combining gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171250. [PMID: 38423314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In this work, organic chemicals associated with microplastics (MPs) exposed to a coastal anthropogenized environment for up to eight weeks have been screened for, in order to discern the (de)sorption dynamics of chemicals in the marine ecosystem. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pellets were studied since they represent primary MPs used by the plastic industry and a relevant input of MPs into the oceans. To maximize the coverage of chemicals that could be detected, both liquid and gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight (GC-QTOF and LC-QTOF, respectively) were used. In the case of LC-QTOF, an electrospray ionization source was employed, and the compounds were investigated by combining suspect and non-target screening workflows. The GC-QTOF was equipped with an electron ionization source and compounds were screened in raw and derivatized (silylated) extracts by deconvolution and contrast to high- and low-resolution libraries. A total of 50 compounds of multifarious classes were tentatively identified. Among them, melamine and 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS) were detected in the original MPs but were rapidly desorbed. Melamine was completely released into the marine environment, while EHS was partly released but a portion remained bound to the MPs. On the other hand, many other chemicals of both anthropogenic (e.g. phenanthrene or benzophenone) and natural origin (e.g. betaine and several fatty acids) accumulated onto MPs over time. Quantification of 12 unequivocally identified chemicals resulted into a total concentration of 810 μg/kg after MPs exposure for 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Vázquez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosario Rodil
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elvira Álvarez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Moll de Ponent s/n, E-07015 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Carme Alomar
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Moll de Ponent s/n, E-07015 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Rafael Cela
- Mestrelab Research Center (CIM), Av. Barcelona 7, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Salud Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Moll de Ponent s/n, E-07015 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - José Benito Quintana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Chiang CC, Yeh H, Shiu RF, Chin WC, Yen TH. Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on liver health: Current understanding and future research directions. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1011-1017. [PMID: 38577182 PMCID: PMC10989496 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i9.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With continuous population and economic growth in the 21st century, plastic pollution is a major global issue. However, the health concern of microplastics/ nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) decomposed from plastic wastes has drawn public attention only in the recent decade. This article summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the impact of MPs/NPs on the liver-the largest digestive organ, which is one of the primary routes that MPs/NPs enter human bodies. The interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress, hepatocyte energy re-distribution, cell death and autophagy, as well as immune responses and inflammation, were also featured. In addition, the disturbance of microbiome and gut-liver axis, and the association with clinical diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis were briefly discussed. Finally, we discussed potential directions in regard to this trending topic, highlighted current challenges in research, and proposed possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Cheng Chiang
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Hsuan Yeh
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Ruei-Feng Shiu
- Center of Excellence for The Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, United States
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Pegado T, Andrades R, Noleto-Filho E, Franceschini S, Soares M, Chelazzi D, Russo T, Martellini T, Barone A, Cincinelli A, Giarrizzo T. Meso- and microplastic composition, distribution patterns and drivers: A snapshot of plastic pollution on Brazilian beaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167769. [PMID: 37879477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Pollution by plastics is a worldwide problem on par with climatic change and biological invasions. In coastal sediments, plastic particles tend to accumulate and persist over the long term. We assessed the plastic pollution using a standardized surface sediment sampling protocol on 22 sandy beaches along >4600 km of the Brazilian coast. The abundance, size, color, type, and polymeric composition of all meso- and microplastic items found in the surveys were processed to disclose spatial patterns of distribution and pollution associated drivers. A General Linear Model (GLM) was run to investigate how the predictor variables influenced overall beach plastic amounts and by plastic type and size class. Overall, 3114 plastic items were found, with microplastics comprising just over half of all items (54 %). Most items were either white (60 %) or blue (13 %), while polystyrene foam (45 %) and fragments (39 %) comprised the most abundant plastic types. The principal polymers were Polyethylene (40 %) and Polypropylene (32 %). The analyses indicated that the distribution of plastic litter along beaches is determined by three predictive variables: the distance to the nearest estuary (-), tourism (+), and the number of inhabitants in the nearest urban center (+). Tourist (highly-visited) beaches and those near estuarine runoffs or urban centers presented the highest plastic pollution rates. The unveiling of plastic pollution patterns through a large-scale systematic survey is essential for future management guidance and science-based decisions for mitigating and solving the plastic pollution crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamyris Pegado
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Perimetral 2651, Belém, Brasil.
| | - Ryan Andrades
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | | | - Simone Franceschini
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, United States of America
| | - Marcelo Soares
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição 3207, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brasil; Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelica Barone
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Perimetral 2651, Belém, Brasil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição 3207, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brasil
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Cozzolino L, Nicastro KR, Hubbard PC, Seuront L, McQuaid CD, Zardi GI. Intraspecific genetic lineages of a marine mussel show behavioural divergence when exposed to microplastic leachates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122779. [PMID: 37863252 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, microplastic pollution has numerous negative implications for marine biota, exacerbating the effects of other forms of global anthropogenic disturbance. Mounting evidence shows that microplastics (MPs) not only cause physical damage through their ingestion, but also act as vectors for hazardous compounds by leaching absorbed and adsorbed chemicals. Research on the effects of plastic pollution has, however, largely assumed that species respond uniformly, while ignoring intraspecific diversity (i.e., variation within a single species). We investigated the effects of plastic leachates derived from factory-fresh (virgin) and beached microplastics on the behavioural responses of two genetic lineages of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Through laboratory behavioural experiments, we found that during exposure to leachates from beached microplastics (beached MPLs), Atlantic specimens moved significantly less than Mediterranean individuals in terms of both (i) proportion of individuals responding through movement and (ii) net and gross distances crawled. In contrast, no significant intraspecific differences were observed in the behaviour of either adults or recruits when exposed to MPLs from virgin microplastics (virgin MPLs). Additionally, the reception of cues from three amino acids (L-cysteine, proline and L-leucine) at increasing concentrations (10-5 M to 10-3 M in charcoal-filtered seawater) was tested by electrophysiological analysis using mussels exposed to beached MPLs or control seawater. We found significant intraspecific differences in response to 10-3 M L-cysteine (regardless of treatment) and 10-4 M L-cysteine (in mussels exposed to beached MPLs) and to 10-3 M proline (in mussels exposed to beached MPLs) and 10-5 M L-leucine. Our study suggests that intraspecific variation in a marine mussel may prompt different responses to plastic pollution, potentially triggered by local adaptation and physiological variability between lineages. Our work highlights the importance of assessing the effects of intraspecific variation, especially in environmental sentinel species as this level of diversity could modulate responses to plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cozzolino
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Katy R Nicastro
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal; Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, IRD, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-59000, Lille, France; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Peter C Hubbard
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Laurent Seuront
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, IRD, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-59000, Lille, France; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa; Department of Marine Resources and Energy, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108- 8477, Japan
| | - Christopher D McQuaid
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Gerardo I Zardi
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa; Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, UMR 8067 BOREA (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, IRD-207), CS 14032, 14000, Caen, France
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8
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Weis JS, Alava JJ. (Micro)Plastics Are Toxic Pollutants. TOXICS 2023; 11:935. [PMID: 37999586 PMCID: PMC10675727 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Plastics, including microplastics, have generally been regarded as harmful to organisms because of their physical characteristics. There has recently been a call to understand and regard them as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic. This review elaborates on the reasons that microplastics in particular should be considered as "toxic pollutants". This view is supported by research demonstrating that they contain toxic chemicals within their structure and also adsorb additional chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from the environment. Furthermore, these chemicals can be released into tissues of animals that consume microplastics and can be responsible for the harmful effects observed on biological processes such as development, physiology, gene expression, and behavior. Leachates, weathering, and biofilm play important roles in the interactions between microplastics and biota. Global policy efforts by the United Nations Environmental Assembly via the international legally binding treaty to address global plastic pollution should consider the designation of harmful plastics (e.g., microplastics) with associated hazardous chemicals as toxic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith S. Weis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Juan José Alava
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit & Nippon Foundation-Ocean Litter Project, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada;
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9
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Métais I, Perrein-Ettajani H, Mouloud M, Roman C, Le Guernic A, Revel M, Tramoy R, Caupos E, Boudahmane L, Lagarde F, Le Bihanic F, Gasperi J, Châtel A. Effect of an environmental microplastic mixture from the Seine River and one of the main associated plasticizers, dibutylphthalate, on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106159. [PMID: 37683560 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the adverse effects of a microplastic (MP) mixture obtained from litter accumulated in the Seine River (France) compared to those of their major co-plasticizer, dibutylphthalate (DBP), on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor. A suite of biomarkers has been investigated to study the impacts of MPs (100 mg kg-1 sediment), DBP (38 μg kg-1 sediment) on worms compared to non-exposed individuals after 4 and 21 days. The antioxidant response, immunity, neurotoxicity and energy and respiratory metabolism were investigated using biomarkers. After 21 days, worms exposed to MPs showed an increasing aerobic metabolism, an enhancement of both antioxidant and neuroimmune responses. Energy-related biomarkers demonstrated that the energy reallocated to the defence system may come from proteins. A similar impact was depicted after DBP exposure, except for neurotoxicity. Our results provide a better understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of environmental MPs and their associated-contaminants on H. diversicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Métais
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France.
| | | | - Mohammed Mouloud
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Coraline Roman
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Antoine Le Guernic
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Messika Revel
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France; UniLaSalle - Ecole des Métiers de L'Environnement, CYCLANN, Campus de Ker Lann, F-35170, Bruz, France
| | - Romain Tramoy
- Université Paris Est Créteil, LEESU, F-94010, Créteil, France; Ecole des Ponts, LEESU, F-77455, Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - Emilie Caupos
- Université Paris Est Créteil, LEESU, F-94010, Créteil, France; Ecole des Ponts, LEESU, F-77455, Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - Lila Boudahmane
- Université Paris Est Créteil, LEESU, F-94010, Créteil, France; Ecole des Ponts, LEESU, F-77455, Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | | | | | - Johnny Gasperi
- Université Gustave Eiffel, GERS-LEE, F-44344, Bouguenais, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Université Catholique de L'Ouest, Laboratoire BIOSSE UCO, F-49000, Angers, France
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10
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Razmara P, Zink L, Doering JA, Miller JGP, Wiseman SB, Pyle GG. The Combined Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and Microplastics on Transcripts Involved in Oxidative Stress Pathway in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Hepatocytes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 111:47. [PMID: 37740756 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and microplastics (MPs) are two emerging contaminants of freshwater systems. Despite their co-occurrence in many water bodies, the combined effects of CuNPs and MPs on aquatic organisms are not well-investigated. In this study, primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes were exposed to dissolved Cu, CuNPs, MPs, or a combination of MPs and CuNPs for 48 h, and the transcript abundances of oxidative stress-related genes were investigated. Exposure to CuNPs or dissolved Cu resulted in a significant increase in the transcript abundances of two antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Exposure to CuNPs also led to an upregulation in the expression of Na+/K+ ATPase alpha 1 subunit (ATP1A1). Microplastics alone or in combination with CuNPs did not have a significant effect on abundances of the target gene transcripts. Overall, our findings suggested acute exposure to CuNPs or dissolved ions may induce oxidative stress in hepatocytes, and the Cu-induced effect on target gene transcripts was not associated with MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Razmara
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
| | - Lauren Zink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Jon A Doering
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Justin G P Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Steve B Wiseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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11
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Terzi Y. Microplastic ingestion by invasive Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) used in fishmeal production in Türkiye. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1232. [PMID: 37728656 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
MP contamination in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) used in fishmeal production was examined. The samples were collected from Balık Lake, Karaboğaz Lake, and Liman Lake located in Kızılırmak Delta, Türkiye. The overall average abundance was 3.20±0.18 MP per fish and 0.036±0.002 MP per g. No significant correlation was determined between the MP abundance in the fish, fish length, and fish weight. The polymers were composed of 56.91% PET, 25.20% PP, 9.76% PE, and 8.13% PA. The determined shapes were fiber (78.0%), fragment (13.46%), and film (8.54%). The size ranged between 112 and 4775 μm with an average of 1341.41±66.07 μm. Depending on the occurrence frequency and abundance, it can be concluded that Carassius gibelio can be considered a MP vector in fishmeal. The results provide an essential baseline for future MP studies on the potential effects of MPs on aquatic organisms, fate, and impact on the fishmeal production process, aquaculture practices, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Terzi
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61530, Trabzon, Türkiye.
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12
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Gómez VA, Pozo K, Clérandeau C, Cachot J, Montes C, Přibylová P, Glabán-Malagón C, Clarke B, Klanova J, Morin B. Plastic debris, persistent organic pollutants and their toxicity impacts in coastal areas in Central Chile. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115361. [PMID: 37579596 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The chemical components of plastic wastes have made their disposal a major economic, social, and environmental problem worldwide. This study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of marine plastic debris on the beaches of Concepción Bay, Central Chile, taken during three periods (spring, summer, and winter). An integrated approach was used, including chemical and toxicological data, using the Microtox® test with Vibrio fischeri and SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli and concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The results presented here exclusively include the novel data obtained from the winter campaign, revealing high concentrations of PBDEs (238 ± 521 ng g-1). In addition, the genotoxicity and acute toxicity tests were sensitive for most of the samples studied. This investigation is the first attempt to analyse the toxicity of plastic debris in coastal areas along the Chilean coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Gómez
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Italy,; Centro GEMA (Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente), Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580000, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile.
| | - Karla Pozo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur, 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Jérôme Cachot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Caroline Montes
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386, Chile
| | - Petra Přibylová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cristóbal Glabán-Malagón
- Centro GEMA (Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente), Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580000, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile; Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bradley Clarke
- School of Chemistry, Australian Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants (ALEC), The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jana Klanova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bénédicte Morin
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France.
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13
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Parashar N, Hait S. Recent advances on microplastics pollution and removal from wastewater systems: A critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 340:118014. [PMID: 37121002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) (plastic particles <5 mm) are globally acknowledged as a serious emerging micropollutant, which passes through various pathways in natural habitats and eventually ends up in our food chain. In this context, the present study critically reviews recent advances in MPs sampling and detection, occurrence, fate, and removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by delineating their characteristics that manifest toxicity in the environment via effluent discharge. While there is currently no standard protocol in place, this work examined and compared the latest approaches adopted for improved sampling, sample processing, and characterization of MPs via fluorescence imaging and certified reference materials for method validation. MPs concentration from different sources in the WWTPs varies considerably ranging between 0.28 and 18285 MPs/L (raw wastewater), 0.004-750 MPs/L (effluent), and 0.00023-10380 MPs/kg (sludge). Assessment of MPs removal efficiency across different treatment stages in various in WWTPs has been performed and elucidated their removal mechanisms. The overall MPs removal efficiency in primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment stages in WWTPs reported to be around 57-99%, 78.1-99.4%, and 90-99.2%, respectively. Moreover, the review covers advanced treatment methods for removing MPs, including membrane bioreactors, coagulation/flocculation, ultrafiltration, rapid sand filtration, ozonation, disc filtration, and reverse osmosis, which have been found to be highly effective (>99%). Membrane bioreactors have been proclaimed to be the most reliable secondary treatment technique for MPs removal. Coagulation (92.2-95.7%) followed by ozonation (99.2%) as a tertiary treatment chain has been demonstrated to be the most efficient in removing MPs from secondary-treated wastewater effluent. Further, the review delineates the effect of different treatment stages on the physical and chemical characteristics of MPs, associated toxicity, and potential impact factors that can influence the MPs removal efficiency in WWTPs. Conclusively, the merits and demerits of advanced treatment techniques to mitigate MPs pollution from the wastewater system, research gaps, and future perspectives have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Parashar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801 106, India
| | - Subrata Hait
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801 106, India.
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14
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de Mello Souza T, Choueri RB, Nobre CR, de Souza Abessa DM, Moreno BB, Carnaúba JH, Mendes GI, de Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, Simões FR, Gusso-Choueri PK. Interactive effects of microplastics and benzo[a]pyrene on two species of marine invertebrates. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115170. [PMID: 37329735 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate B[a]P and low-density polyethylene microplastics (MPs) toxicty, alone and in mixture (0.03 to 30 μg L-1 of B[a]P; and 5, 50 and 500 mg L-1 for MPs). Five mg L-1 of MPs is considerably higher than commonly reported environmental concentrations, although it has been reported for marine environments. Individual (sea urchin embryo-larval development and mortality of mysids) and sub-individual responses (LPO and DNA damage in mysids) were assessed. The toxicity increased as the B[a]P concentration increased, and microplastics alone did not cause toxicity. B[a]P toxicity was not modified by the lowest concentration of MPs (5 mg L-1), but at higher MPs concentrations (50 and 500 mg L-1), the effects of B[a]P on sea urchin development and in biomarkers in mysids were diminished. Microplastics interacted with B[a]P in seawater, reducing its toxicity, probably due to adsorption of B[a]P to the surface of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawany de Mello Souza
- Universidade Santa Cecília (Unisanta), R. Oswaldo Cruz, 277, Boqueirão, 11045-907 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - ALS Life Sciences Brasil - Food & Agro, R. Fábia, 59, Vila Romana, 05051-030 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Caio Rodrigues Nobre
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - ALS Life Sciences Brasil - Food & Agro, R. Fábia, 59, Vila Romana, 05051-030 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- NEPEA, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barbosa Moreno
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Hérelis Carnaúba
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química: Ciência e Tecnologia da Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Izar Mendes
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratório de Estudos do Petróleo, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecilia Rizzatti de Albergaria-Barbosa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratório de Estudos do Petróleo, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ruiz Simões
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Alava JJ, Jahnke A, Bergmann M, Aguirre-Martínez GV, Bendell L, Calle P, Domínguez GA, Faustman EM, Falman J, Kazmiruk TN, Klasios N, Maldonado MT, McMullen K, Moreno-Báez M, Öberg G, Ota Y, Price D, Shim WJ, Tirapé A, Vandenberg JM, Zoveidadianpour Z, Weis J. A Call to Include Plastics in the Global Environment in the Class of Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37216429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Alava
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit & Nippon Foundation-Ocean Litter Project, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Annika Jahnke
- Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig DE-04318, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen DE-52074, Germany
| | - Melanie Bergmann
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven DE-16227570, Germany
| | - Gabriela V Aguirre-Martínez
- Química y Farmacia. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avenida Arturo Prat Chacón, Iquique 2120, Chile
| | - Leah Bendell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Paola Calle
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 00000, Ecuador
| | - Gustavo A Domínguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 00000, Ecuador
| | - Elaine M Faustman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite #100, Seattle 98105, Washington, United States
| | - Jill Falman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite #100, Seattle 98105, Washington, United States
| | - Tamara N Kazmiruk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Natasha Klasios
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Maria T Maldonado
- Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karly McMullen
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit & Nippon Foundation-Ocean Litter Project, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Marcia Moreno-Báez
- The Fletcher School/Tufts Technology Services, Tufts University, 35 Lower Campus Rd, Medford 02155, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Gunilla Öberg
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Yoshitaka Ota
- Nippon Foundation Ocean Nexus Center, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs EarthLab, University of Washington, Box 355674, Seattle 98195-5674, Washington, United States
| | - Dana Price
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit & Nippon Foundation-Ocean Litter Project, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Won Joon Shim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Ana Tirapé
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 00000, Ecuador
| | - Jessica M Vandenberg
- Nippon Foundation Ocean Nexus Center, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs EarthLab, University of Washington, Box 355674, Seattle 98195-5674, Washington, United States
| | - Zeinab Zoveidadianpour
- Ocean Pollution Research Unit & Nippon Foundation-Ocean Litter Project, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Judith Weis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark 07102, New Jersey, United States
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16
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Almeda R, Kuddithamby G, Alonso-Lópeza O, Vilas A, Christelle C, Loisel T, Nielsen TG, Cachot J, Beiras R. A protocol for lixiviation of micronized plastics for aquatic toxicity testing. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138894. [PMID: 37164198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastics contain various types and amounts of additives that can leach into the water column when entering aquatic ecosystems. Some leached plastic additives are hazardous to marine biota at environmentally relevant concentrations. Disparate methodological approaches have been adopted for toxicity testing of plastic leachates, making comparison difficult. Here we propose a protocol to standardize the methodology to obtain leachates from microplastics (MPs) for aquatic toxicity testing. Literature reviewing and toxicity tests using marine model organisms and different types of MPs were conducted to define the main methodological aspects of the protocol. Acute exposure to leachates from the studied plastics caused negative effects on the early life stages of sea urchins and marine bacteria. We provide recommendations of key factors influencing MPs lixiviation, such as MP size (<250 μm), solid-to-liquid ratio (1-10 g/L), mixing conditions (1-60 rpm), and lixiviation time (72 h). The proposed methodology was successful to determine the toxicity of leachates from different micronized plastics on marine biota. Our recommendations balance feasibility and environmental relevance, and their use would help ensure comparability amongst studies for a better assessment of the toxicity of plastic leachates on aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Almeda
- EOMAR Group, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | | | - Olalla Alonso-Lópeza
- EOMAR Group, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; ECOTOX Group, ECIMAT-CIM, University of Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Tara Loisel
- EPOC UMR 5805, University of Bordeaux, CNRS and INP Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jérôme Cachot
- EPOC UMR 5805, University of Bordeaux, CNRS and INP Bordeaux, France
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17
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Ghiglione JF, Barbe V, Bruzaud S, Burgaud G, Cachot J, Eyheraguibel B, Lartaud F, Ludwig W, Meistertzheim AL, Paul-Pont I, Pesant S, Ter Halle A, Thiebeauld O. Mission Tara Microplastics: a holistic set of protocols and data resources for the field investigation of plastic pollution along the land-sea continuum in Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-26883-9. [PMID: 37140856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Tara Microplastics mission was conducted for 7 months to investigate plastic pollution along nine major rivers in Europe-Thames, Elbe, Rhine, Seine, Loire, Garonne, Ebro, Rhone, and Tiber. An extensive suite of sampling protocols was applied at four to five sites on each river along a salinity gradient from the sea and the outer estuary to downstream and upstream of the first heavily populated city. Biophysicochemical parameters including salinity, temperature, irradiance, particulate matter, large and small microplastics (MPs) concentration and composition, prokaryote and microeukaryote richness, and diversity on MPs and in the surrounding waters were routinely measured onboard the French research vessel Tara or from a semi-rigid boat in shallow waters. In addition, macroplastic and microplastic concentrations and composition were determined on river banks and beaches. Finally, cages containing either pristine pieces of plastics in the form of films or granules, and others containing mussels were immersed at each sampling site, 1 month prior to sampling in order to study the metabolic activity of the plastisphere by meta-OMICS and to run toxicity tests and pollutants analyses. Here, we fully described the holistic set of protocols designed for the Mission Tara Microplastics and promoted standard procedures to achieve its ambitious goals: (1) compare traits of plastic pollution among European rivers, (2) provide a baseline of the state of plastic pollution in the Anthropocene, (3) predict their evolution in the frame of the current European initiatives, (4) shed light on the toxicological effects of plastic on aquatic life, (5) model the transport of microplastics from land towards the sea, and (6) investigate the potential impact of pathogen or invasive species rafting on drifting plastics from the land to the sea through riverine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Ghiglione
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC)/UMR 7621, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, 1 Avenue Fabre, F-66650, Banyuls sur mer, France.
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, R2022/Tara Oceans-GOSEE, Paris, France.
| | - Valérie Barbe
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Stéphane Bruzaud
- UMR CNRS 6027, IRDL, Université Bretagne Sud, 56100, Lorient, France
| | - Gaëtan Burgaud
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité Et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Université Bordeaux, EPOC CNRS, EPHE, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Boris Eyheraguibel
- CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), UMR6296, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Franck Lartaud
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques (LECOB)/UMR 8222, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Banyuls Sur Mer, France
| | - Wolfgang Ludwig
- CEFREM, UMR 5110, University of Perpignan - CNRS, 66860, Perpignan Cedex, France
| | | | - Ika Paul-Pont
- Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, Univ Brest, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Stéphane Pesant
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, R2022/Tara Oceans-GOSEE, Paris, France
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Alexandra Ter Halle
- CNRS, Laboratoire des InteractionsMoléculaires EtRéactivité Chimique Et Photochimique (IMRCP), UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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18
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Vidal-Liñán L, Moscoso-Pérez C, Laranjeiro F, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Beiras R. Filtration of biopolymer PHB particles loaded with synthetic musks does not cause significant bioaccumulation in marine mussels. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 99:104092. [PMID: 36868485 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of the biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB, <250 µm) as a vehicle of a synthetic musks mixture (celestolide, galaxolide, tonalide, musk xylene, musk moskene and musk ketone) to Mytilus galloprovincialis was investigated. For 30 days, virgin PHB, virgin PHB+musks (6.82 µg g-1) and weathered PHB+musks, were daily spiked into tanks containing mussels, followed by a 10-day depuration period. Water and tissues samples were collected to measure exposure concentrations and accumulation in tissues. Mussels were able to actively filter microplastics in suspension but the concentration of the musks found in tissues (celestolide, galaxolide, tonalide) were markedly lower than the spiked concentration. Estimated Trophic Transfer Factors suggest that PHB will only play a minor role on musks accumulation in marine mussels, even if our results suggest a slightly extended persistence in tissues of musks loaded to weathered PHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Vidal-Liñán
- Centro de Investigación Mariña ECIMAT-CIM, Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carmen Moscoso-Pérez
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Filipe Laranjeiro
- Centro de Investigación Mariña ECIMAT-CIM, Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- Centro de Investigación Mariña ECIMAT-CIM, Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Spain
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19
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Kim JA, Kim MJ, Song JA, Choi CY. Effects of microfiber exposure on medaka (Oryzias latipes): Oxidative stress, cell damage, and mortality. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 265:109535. [PMID: 36563949 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fiber-type microplastics are major anthropogenic contaminants of marine environments. They are released mainly during cloth washing and are discharged from wastewater treatment plants into aquatic environments. This study aimed to evaluate whether microfiber exposure causes oxidative stress and cell damage in medaka (Oryzias latipes Temminck and Schlegel 1846). Fish were exposed to one of two different concentrations (500 and 1000 fibers/L) of a polyester-based microfiber (MF) for 21 days, and the degree of cell damage and changes in expression of antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Fish survival decreased with increasing concentrations of MF. The expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased in MF-exposed groups compared to those in the control. SOD activity increased compared to the control group, and MF exposure induced a significant increase in both SOD activity and mRNA expression over time. CAT mRNA expression increased from day 10 onwards following exposure. Plasma malondialdehyde content increased significantly on day 7 of exposure in the 1000 fiber/L group and on day 10 in the 500 fiber/L group. Caspase-3 mRNA expression significantly increased until day 10 of exposure. A terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay confirmed increased apoptosis, and a comet assay demonstrated that higher DNA damage occurred in response to increased MF concentration and exposure time. In conclusion, we confirmed that MF exposure affects antioxidant reactions in fish, thus inducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage. In addition, a comprehensive understanding of MF pollution in aquatic systems is urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin A Kim
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ah Song
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea; Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Mehmood T, Mustafa B, Mackenzie K, Ali W, Sabir RI, Anum W, Gaurav GK, Riaz U, Liu X, Peng L. Recent developments in microplastic contaminated water treatment: Progress and prospects of carbon-based two-dimensional materials for membranes separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137704. [PMID: 36592840 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro (nano)plastics pollution is a noxious menace not only for mankind but also for marine life, as removing microplastics (MPs) is challenging due to their physiochemical properties, composition, and response toward salinity and pH. This review provides a detailed assessment of the MPs pollution in different water types, environmental implications, and corresponding treatment strategies. With the advancement in nanotechnology, mitigation strategies for aqueous pollution are seen, especially due to the fabrication of nanosheets/membranes mostly utilized as a filtration process. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are increasingly used for membranes due to their diverse structure, affinity, cost-effectiveness, and, most importantly, removal efficiency. The popular 2D materials used for membrane-based organic and inorganic pollutants from water mainly include graphene and MXenes however their effectiveness for MPs removal is still in its infancy. Albeit, the available literature asserts a 70- 99% success rate in micro/nano plastics removal achieved through membranes fabricated via graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and MXene membranes. This review examined existing membrane separation strategies for MPs removal, focusing on the structural properties of 2D materials, composite, and how they adsorb pollutants and underlying physicochemical mechanisms. Since MPs and other contaminants commonly coexist in the natural environment, a brief examination of the response of 2D membranes to MPs removal was also conducted. In addition, the influencing factors regulate MPs removal performance of membranes by impacting their two main operating routes (filtration and adsorption). Finally, significant limitations, research gaps, and future prospects of 2D material-based membranes for effectively removing MPs are also proposed. The conclusion is that the success of 2D material is strongly linked to the types, size of MPs, and characteristics of aqueous media. Future perspectives talk about the problems that need to be solved to get 2D material-based membranes out of the lab and onto the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Mehmood
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, 570228, China; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Beenish Mustafa
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Katrin Mackenzie
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raja Irfan Sabir
- Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore; Pakistan
| | - Wajiha Anum
- Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Gajendra Kumar Gaurav
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic; School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Umair Riaz
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Xinghui Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Licheng Peng
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, 570228, China.
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21
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The measurement of food safety and security risks associated with micro- and nanoplastic pollution. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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22
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Zhong Z, Zhou X, Xie Y, Chu LM. The interplay of larval age and particle size regulates micro-polystyrene biodegradation and development of Tenebrio molitor L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159335. [PMID: 36228792 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics, tiny plastic fragments from 1 μm to 5 mm, are widespread globally, even in remote environments. Due to their small sizes, they are easily ingested by organisms and contaminate the food chain. Recently, the biodegradation of some recalcitrant plastics by larva of Tenebrio molitor L. (mealworm) has been reported. However, the effects of microplastic feeding on them are limited. In our study, we selected rigid micro-polystyrene (MPS) as the model plastic to investigate the influences of particle size and larval age on plastic consumption and degradation, and the effects of microplastic feeding on the survival and development of mealworms at different larval ages. The smaller the microplastic fragment was, the more plastics the mealworms consumed, though there was a limit on particle size. Mealworms of three-month-old had the highest consumption rate. Both depolymerization and modification on the functional groups were only observed in frass excreted by three-month old mealworms. Additionally, mealworms cofed with wheat bran and MPS of this age had comparable mortality, larval growing curve and pupation distribution as the control group with wheat bran. Our results demonstrated that mealworms in this larval stage had the greatest resistance to high doses of microplastic feeding. We suggested that microplastic waste could be provided to three-month old mealworms as half replacement of bran diet to result in the greatest plastic consumption and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Xi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Provincial Public Laboratory of Analysis and Testing Technology, Guangdong Institute of Analysis, Guangzhou 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Yichun Xie
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - L M Chu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
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23
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Akoueson F, Paul-Pont I, Tallec K, Huvet A, Doyen P, Dehaut A, Duflos G. Additives in polypropylene and polylactic acid food packaging: Chemical analysis and bioassays provide complementary tools for risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159318. [PMID: 36220465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plastic food packaging represents 40 % of the plastic production worldwide and belongs to the 10 most commonly found items in aquatic environments. They are characterized by high additives contents with >4000 formulations available on the market. Thus they can release their constitutive chemicals (i.e. additives) into the surrounding environment, contributing to chemical pollution in aquatic systems and to contamination of marine organism up to the point of questioning the health of the consumer. In this context, the chemical and toxicological profiles of two types of polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) food packaging were investigated, using in vitro bioassays and target gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses. Plastic additives quantification was performed both on the raw materials, and on the material leachates after 5 days of lixiviation in filtered natural seawater. The results showed that all samples (raw materials and leachates) contained additive compounds (e.g. phthalates plasticizers, phosphorous flame retardants, antioxidants and UV-stabilizers). Differences in the number and concentration of additives between polymers and suppliers were also pointed out, indicating that the chemical signature cannot be generalized to a polymer and is rather product dependent. Nevertheless, no significant toxic effects was observed upon exposure to the leachates in two short-term bioassays targeting baseline toxicity (Microtox® test) and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas fertilization success and embryo-larval development. Overall, this study demonstrates that both petrochemical and bio-based food containers contain harmful additives and that it is not possible to predict material toxicity solely based on chemical analysis. Additionally, it highlights the complexity to assess and comprehend the additive content of plastic packaging due to the variability of their composition, suggesting that more transparency in polymer formulations is required to properly address the risk associated with such materials during their use and end of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleurine Akoueson
- ANSES - LSAl, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.; Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, EA 7394, Institut Charles Viollette, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Uni. Liège, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Ika Paul-Pont
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Kévin Tallec
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France; Cedre, 715 rue Alain Colas, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Arnaud Huvet
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Périne Doyen
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, EA 7394, Institut Charles Viollette, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Uni. Liège, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Alexandre Dehaut
- ANSES - LSAl, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Guillaume Duflos
- ANSES - LSAl, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France..
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24
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Boháčková J, Havlíčková L, Semerád J, Titov I, Trhlíková O, Beneš H, Cajthaml T. In vitro toxicity assessment of polyethylene terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride microplastics using three cell lines from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:136996. [PMID: 36336021 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The RTgill-W1 (gill), RTG-2 (gonad), and RTL-W1 (liver) cell lines derived from a freshwater fish rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), were used to assess the toxicity of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and two forms of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Two size fractions (25-μm and 90-μm particles) were tested for all materials. The highest tested concentration was 1 mg/ml, corresponding to from 70 000 ± 9000 to 620 000 ± 57 000 particles/ml for 25-μm particles and from 2300 ± 100 to 11 000 ± 1000 particles/ml for 90-μm particles (depending on the material). Toxicity differences between commercial PVC dry blend powder and secondary microplastics created from a processed PVC were newly described. After a 24-h exposure, the cells were analyzed for changes in viability, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In addition to the microplastic suspensions, leachates and particles remaining after leaching resuspended in fresh exposure medium were tested. The particles were subjected to leaching for 1, 8, and 15 days. The PVC dry blend (25 μm and 90 μm) and processed PVC (25 μm) increased ROS generation, to which leached chemicals appeared to be the major contributor. PVC dry blend caused substantially higher ROS induction than processed PVC, showing that the former is not suitable for toxicity testing, as it can produce different results from those of secondary PVC. The 90-μm PVC dry blend increased ROS generation only after prolonged leaching. PET did not induce any changes in ROS generation, and none of the tested polymers had any effect on viability or EROD activity. The importance of choosing realistic extraction procedures for microplastic toxicity experiments was emphasized. Conducting long-term experiments is crucial to detect possible environmentally relevant effects. In conclusion, the tested materials showed no acute toxicity to the cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Boháčková
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Havlíčková
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Titov
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Trhlíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Beneš
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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25
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Valderrama JFN, Gil VC, Alzate B V, Tavera EA, Noreña E, Porras J, Quintana-Castillo JC, García L JJ, Molina P FJ, Ramos-Contreras C, Sanchez JB. Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gestational hormone production in a placental cell line: Application of passive dosing to in vitro tests. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114090. [PMID: 36162350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which have been correlated to endocrine disruptor pathways during early pregnancy. PAHs have been found in the placenta and cord blood, which may affect the hormones involved in placental development. We studied the effects of some airborne PAHs on beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and progesterone production by using a syncytial BeWo cell line as a placental model. PAH congeners were spiked in silicon rubber membrane (SRMs) and were then introduced into the cell medium by the passive dosing method to reach a freely dissolved concentration for BeWo cell exposure. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector was used to analyze the PAHs, and electrochemiluminescence was used to test the hormone levels. Our results showed that passive dosing can deliver low levels of PAH congeners in the cell medium, which allowed us to calculate the individual release constants at equilibrium and to estimate their effects. Benzo[a]pyrene was released quickly from the SRMs to the cell medium, which can be attributed to its lipophilic properties. The PAHs were shown to decrease the β-hCG level in the short term and progesterone level in the long term, so they may serve as a pathway for endocrine disorder in trophoblastic cells. This approximation may explain observations of impaired endometrium receptivity and placental dysfunction, which enhance adverse pregnancy outcomes such as embryonic mortality and intrauterine growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Fredy Narváez Valderrama
- Grupo de Investigación Ingeniar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Vanessa Correa Gil
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas UniRemington, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Viviana Alzate B
- Grupo de Investigación Ingeniar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edison Andrés Tavera
- Grupo de Investigación Ingeniar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edgar Noreña
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas UniRemington, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jazmín Porras
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas UniRemington, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Juan José García L
- Grupo de Investigación Ingeniar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco José Molina P
- Grupo de Investigación en Gestión y Modelación Ambiental - GAIA, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia U.de.A, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Ramos-Contreras
- Grupo de Investigación en Gestión y Modelación Ambiental - GAIA, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia U.de.A, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julio Bueno Sanchez
- Grupo de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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26
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Shi K, Zhang H, Xu H, Liu Z, Kan G, Yu K, Jiang J. Adsorption behaviors of triclosan by non-biodegradable and biodegradable microplastics: Kinetics and mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156832. [PMID: 35760165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has been becoming serious and widespread in the global environment. Although MPs have been identified as vectors for contaminants, adsorption and desorption behaviors of chemicals with non-biodegradable and biodegradable MPs during the aging process is limited. In this work, the adsorption behaviors of triclosan (TCS) by non-biodegradable polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated. The differences in morphology, chemical structures, crystallization, and hydrophilicity were investigated after the ultraviolet aging process and compared with the virgin MPs. The results show that the water contact angles of the aged MPs were slightly reduced compared with the virgin MPs. The aged MPs exhibited a stronger adsorption capacity for TCS because of the physical and chemical changes in MPs. The virgin biodegradable PLA had a larger adsorption capacity than the non-biodegradable PE and PP. The adsorption capacity presented the opposite trend after aging. The main adsorption mechanism of MPs relied on hydrophobicity interaction, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction. The work provides new insights into TCS as hazardous environmental contaminants, which will enhance the vector potential of non-biodegradable and biodegradable MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China.
| | - HaoMing Xu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China
| | - Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China
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27
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Kaur H, Rawat D, Poria P, Sharma U, Gibert Y, Ethayathulla AS, Dumée LF, Sharma RS, Mishra V. Ecotoxic effects of microplastics and contaminated microplastics - Emerging evidence and perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156593. [PMID: 35690218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence and persistence of microplastics (MPs) in pristine habitats along with their accumulation across environmental compartments globally, has become a matter of grave concern. The resilience conferred to MPs using the material engineering approaches for outperforming other materials has become key to the challenge that they now represent. The characteristics that make MPs hazardous are their micro to nano scale dimensions, surface varied wettability and often hydrophobicity, leading to non-biodegradability. In addition, MPs exhibit a strong tendency to bind to other contaminants along with the ability to sustain extreme chemical conditions thus increasing their residence time in the environment. Adsorption of these co-contaminants leads to modification in toxicity varying from additive, synergistic, and sometimes antagonistic, having consequences on flora, fauna, and ultimately the end of the food chain, human health. The resulting environmental fate and associated risks of MPs, therefore greatly depend upon their complex interactions with the co-contaminants and the nature of the environment in which they reside. Net outcomes of such complex interactions vary with core characteristics of MPs, the properties of co-contaminants and the abiotic factors, and are required to be better understood to minimize the inherent risks. Toxicity assays addressing these concerns should be ecologically relevant, assessing the impacts at different levels of biological organization to develop an environmental perspective. This review analyzed and evaluated 171 studies to present research status on MP toxicity. This analysis supported the identification and development of research gaps and recommended priority areas of research, accounting for disproportionate risks faced by different countries. An ecological perspective is also developed on the environmental toxicity of contaminated MPs in the light of multi-variant stressors and directions are provided to conduct an ecologically relevant risk assessment. The presented analyses will also serve as a foundation for developing environmentally appropriate remediation methods and evaluation frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harveen Kaur
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Deepak Rawat
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Department of Environmental Studies, Janki Devi, Memorial College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110060, India
| | - Pankaj Poria
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Udita Sharma
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Yann Gibert
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | | | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and Hydrogen, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Delhi School of Climate Change & Sustainability, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Vandana Mishra
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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28
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Roursgaard M, Hezareh Rothmann M, Schulte J, Karadimou I, Marinelli E, Møller P. Genotoxicity of Particles From Grinded Plastic Items in Caco-2 and HepG2 Cells. Front Public Health 2022; 10:906430. [PMID: 35875006 PMCID: PMC9298925 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.906430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Large plastic litters degrade in the environment to micro- and nanoplastics, which may then enter the food chain and lead to human exposure by ingestion. The present study explored ways to obtain nanoplastic particles from real-life food containers. The first set of experiments gave rise to polypropylene nanoplastic suspensions with a hydrodynamic particle size range between 100 and 600 nm, whereas the same grinding process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) produced suspensions of particles with a primary size between 100 and 300 nm. The exposure did not cause cytotoxicity measured by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and water soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) assays in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. Nanoplastics of transparent PET food containers produced a modest concentration-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks, measured by the alkaline comet assay [net induction of 0.28 lesions/106 bp at the highest concentration (95% CI: 0.04; 0.51 lesions/106 base pair)]. The exposure to nanoplastics from transparent polypropylene food containers was also positively associated with DNA strand breaks [i.e., net induction of 0.10 lesions/106 base pair (95% CI: −0.04; 0.23 lesions/106 base pair)] at the highest concentration. Nanoplastics from grinding of black colored PET food containers demonstrated no effect on HepG2 and Caco-2 cells in terms of cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production or changes in cell cycle distribution. The net induction of DNA strand breaks was 0.43 lesions/106 bp (95% CI: 0.09; 0.78 lesions/106 bp) at the highest concentration of nanoplastics from black PET food containers. Collectively, the results indicate that exposure to nanoplastics from real-life consumer products can cause genotoxicity in cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Monika Hezareh Rothmann
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juliane Schulte
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ioanna Karadimou
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Marinelli
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Naguib M, Mekkawy IA, Mahmoud UM, Sayed AEDH. Genotoxic evaluation of silver nanoparticles in catfish Clarias gariepinus erythrocytes; DNA strand breakage using comet assay. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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30
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Hanslik L, Huppertsberg S, Kämmer N, Knepper TP, Braunbeck T. Rethinking the relevance of microplastics as vector for anthropogenic contaminants: Adsorption of toxicants to microplastics during exposure in a highly polluted stream - Analytical quantification and assessment of toxic effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151640. [PMID: 34774627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing amounts of plastic debris entering marine and freshwater ecosystems, there is a growing demand for environmentally relevant exposure scenarios to improve the risk assessment of microplastic particles (MPs) in aquatic environments. So far, data on adverse effects in aquatic organisms induced by naturally exposed MPs are scarce and controversially discussed. As a consequence, we investigated the potential role of MPs regarding the sorption and transfer of environmental contaminants under natural conditions. For this end, a mixture of four common polymer types (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride) was exposed to natural surface water in a polluted stream for three weeks. Samples of water, MP mixture, sediment, and suspended matter were target-screened for the presence of pollutants using GC/LC-MS, resulting in up to 94 different compounds. Possible adverse effects were investigated using several biomarkers in early developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exposure to natural stream water samples significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity, altered CYP450 induction and modified behavioral patterns of zebrafish. In contrast, effects by samples of both non-exposed MPs and exposed MPs in zebrafish were less prominent than effects by water samples. In fact, the analytical target screening documented only few compounds sorbed to natural particles and MPs. Regarding acute toxic effects, no clear differentiation between different MPs and natural particles could be made, suggesting that - upon exposure in natural water bodies - MPs seem to approximate the sorption behavior of natural particles, presumably to a large extent due to biofilm formation. Thus, if compared to natural inorganic particles, MPs most likely do not transfer elevated amounts of environmental pollutants to biota and, therefore, do not pose a specific additional threat to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hanslik
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany.
| | - Sven Huppertsberg
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, Idstein, D-65510, Germany
| | - Nadine Kämmer
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany
| | - Thomas P Knepper
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, Idstein, D-65510, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany.
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31
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Hanslik L, Seiwert B, Huppertsberg S, Knepper TP, Reemtsma T, Braunbeck T. Biomarker responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) following long-term exposure to microplastic-associated chlorpyrifos and benzo(k)fluoranthene. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 245:106120. [PMID: 35183844 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Continuously increasing plastic production causes a constant accumulation of microplastic particles (MPs) in the aquatic environment, especially in industrialized and urbanized areas with elevated wastewater discharges. This coincides with the release of persistent organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides) entering limnic ecosystems. Although the assessment of potential effects of environmental pollutants sorbed to MPs under chronic exposure scenarios seems vital, data on potential hazards and risk by combined exposure to pollutants and microplastics for aquatic vertebrates is still limited. Therefore, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed over 21 days to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF; 10 and 100 ng/L) and the PAH benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF; 0.78 and 50 µg/L) either dissolved directly in water or sorbed to different MPs (irregular polystyrene, spherical polymethyl methacrylate; ≤ 100 µm), where CPF was sorbed to polystyrene MPs and BkF was sorbed to polymethyl methacrylate MPs. Contaminant sorption to MPs and leaching were documented using GC-EI-MS; potential accumulation was studied in cryosections of the gastrointestinal tract. Enzymatic biomarkers and biotransformation were measured in liver and brain. Overall, exposure to non-contaminated MPs did not induce any adverse effects. Results of fluorescence tracking, CYP1A modulation by BkF as well as changes in acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) by CPF were less pronounced when contaminants were sorbed to MPs, indicating reduced bioavailability of pollutants. Overall, following exposure to waterborne BkF, only minor amounts of parent BkF and biotransformation products were detected in zebrafish liver. Even high loads of MPs and sorbed contaminants did not induce adverse effects in zebrafish; thus, the potential threat of MPs as vectors for contaminant transfer in limnic ecosystems can be considered limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hanslik
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, Heidelberg d-69120, Germany.
| | - Bettina Seiwert
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig d-04318, Germany
| | - Sven Huppertsberg
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, Idstein d-65510, Germany
| | - Thomas P Knepper
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, Idstein d-65510, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig d-04318, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, Heidelberg d-69120, Germany.
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32
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Wu G, Zheng H, Xing Y, Wang C, Yuan X, Zhu X. A sensitive electrochemical sensor for environmental toxicity monitoring based on tungsten disulfide nanosheets/hydroxylated carbon nanotubes nanocomposite. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131602. [PMID: 34298299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There has been growing concern about the toxic effects of pollutants in the aquatic environment. In this study, a novel cell-based electrochemical sensor was developed to detect the toxicity of contaminants in water samples. A screen-printed carbon electrode, which was low-cost, energy-efficient, and disposable, was modified with tungsten disulfide nanosheets/hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (WS2/MWCNTs-OH) to improve electrocatalytic performance and sensitivity. The surface morphology, structure, and electrochemical property of WS2/MWCNTs-OH composite film were characterized by emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Grass carp kidney cell line was utilized as the sensor biorecognition element to determine the electrochemical signals and evaluate cell viability. The sensor was used to detect the toxicity of one typical contaminant (2,4,6-trichlorophenol) and two emerging contaminants (bisphenol AF and polystyrene nanoplastics). The 48 h half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 169.96 μM, 21.88 μM, and 123.01 μg mL-1, respectively, which were lower than those of conventional MTT assay, indicating the higher sensitivity of the proposed sensor. Furthermore, the practical application of the sensor was evaluated in chemical wastewater samples. This study provides an up-and-coming tool for environmental toxicity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlan Wu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Huizi Zheng
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China.
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China.
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33
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Agathokleous E, Iavicoli I, Barceló D, Calabrese EJ. Micro/nanoplastics effects on organisms: A review focusing on 'dose'. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126084. [PMID: 34229388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become predominant contaminants, attracting much political and scientific attention. Despite the massively-increasing research on microplastics effects on organisms, the debate of whether environmental concentrations pose hazard and risk continues. This study critically reviews published literatures of microplastics effects on organisms within the context of "dose". It provides substantial evidence of the common occurrence of threshold and hormesis dose responses of numerous aquatic and terrestrial organisms to microplastics. This finding along with accumulated evidence indicating the capacity of organisms for recovery suggests that the linear-no-threshold model is biologically irrelevant and should not serve as a default model for assessing the microplastics risks. The published literature does not provide sufficient evidence supporting the general conclusion that environmental doses of microplastics cause adverse effects on individual organisms. Instead, doses that are smaller than the dose of toxicological threshold and more likely to occur in the environment may even induce positive effects, although the ecological implications of these responses remain unknown. This study also shows that low doses of microplastics can reduce whereas high doses can increase the negative effects of other pollutants. The mechanisms explaining these findings are discussed, providing a novel perspective for evaluating the risks of microplastics in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Damià Barceló
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA-CERCA, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Eder ML, Oliva-Teles L, Pinto R, Carvalho AP, Almeida CMR, Hornek-Gausterer R, Guimarães L. Microplastics as a vehicle of exposure to chemical contamination in freshwater systems: Current research status and way forward. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125980. [PMID: 34004584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by microplastics is increasing steadily worldwide, affecting all environments. Additionally, aquatic organisms are often exposed to mixtures of other contaminants, including various chemicals. Numerous studies reported adsorption of chemicals to microplastics, raising concern about their possible role as vehicles of exposure through transfer to biota. Nevertheless, until recently, the studies on the topic were mostly focused on the marine environment. In the past five years, however, plenty of publications contributed empirical data about freshwater ecosystems, raising the need for a critical appraisal of the information. Herein the scientific literature was reviewed and multivariate data analysis was done. The analysed studies employed widely different experimental designs, endpoints, test species, shapes and concentrations of various polymer types and chemicals, often not relevant for the freshwater environment. Our integrated analytical approach revealed unfathomable research gaps, given the theoretical knowledge available and lessons learned from research about the marine environment. Greater harmonization of laboratory studies investigating this topic is needed, as well as testing conditions reflecting real exposure scenarios. Furthermore, standardized testing protocols are urgently required to guide such experiments and improve the comparability of the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Lena Eder
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; University of Applied Sciences, FH Technikum Wien, Höchstädtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis Oliva-Teles
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Pinto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - António Paulo Carvalho
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Marisa R Almeida
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Laura Guimarães
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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Dimitriadi A, Papaefthimiou C, Genizegkini E, Sampsonidis I, Kalogiannis S, Feidantsis K, Bobori DC, Kastrinaki G, Koumoundouros G, Lambropoulou DA, Kyzas GZ, Bikiaris DN. Adverse effects polystyrene microplastics exert on zebrafish heart - Molecular to individual level. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125969. [PMID: 34492880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the effects of sublethal concentrations of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on zebrafish were evaluated at multiple levels, related to fish activity and oxidative stress, metabolic changes and contraction parameters in the heart tissue. Zebrafish were fed for 21 days food enriched with PS-MPs (particle sizes 3-12 µm) and a battery of stress indices like DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, autophagy, ubiquitin levels, caspases activation, metabolite adjustments, frequency and force of ventricular contraction were measured in fish heart, parallel to fish swimming velocity. In particular, exposure to PS-MPs caused significant decrease in heart function and swimming competence, while enhanced levels of oxidative stress indices and metabolic adjustments were observed in the heart of challenged species. Among stress indices, DNA damage was more vulnerable to the effect of PS-MPs. Our results provide evidence on the multiplicity of the PS-MPs effects on cellular function, physiology and metabolic pathways and heart rate of adult fish and subsequent effects on fish activity and fish fitness thus enlightening MPs characterization as a potent environmental pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chrisovalantis Papaefthimiou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Genizegkini
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sampsonidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-574 00 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Kalogiannis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-574 00 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra C Bobori
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | - Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, Kavala GR-654 04, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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González-Fernández C, Díaz Baños FG, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. Functionalized Nanoplastics (NPs) Increase the Toxicity of Metals in Fish Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137141. [PMID: 34281191 PMCID: PMC8268098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are one of the most abundant environment-threatening nanomaterials on the market. The objective of this study was to determine in vitro if functionalized NPs are cytotoxic by themselves or increase the toxicity of metals. For that, we used 50 nm polystyrene nanoparticles with distinct surface functionalization (pristine, PS-Plain; carboxylic, PS-COOH; and amino PS-NH2) alone or combined with the metals arsenic (As) and methylmercury (MeHg), which possess an environmental risk to marine life. As test model, we chose a brain-derived cell line (SaB-1) from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), one of the most commercial fish species in the Mediterranean. First, only the PS-NH2 NPs were toxic to SaB-1 cells. NPs seem to be internalized into the cells but they showed little alteration in the transcription of genes related to oxidative stress (nrf2, cat, gr, gsta), cellular protection against metals (mta) or apoptosis (bcl2, bax). However, NPs, mainly PS-COOH and PS-NH2, significantly increased the toxicity of both metals. Since the coexistence of NPs and other pollutants in the aquatic environment is inevitable, our results reveal that the combined effect of NPs with the rest of pollutants deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Fernández
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.G.-F.); (M.Á.E.)
| | - Francisco Guillermo Díaz Baños
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.G.-F.); (M.Á.E.)
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.G.-F.); (M.Á.E.)
- Correspondence:
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Miller E, Sedlak M, Lin D, Box C, Holleman C, Rochman CM, Sutton R. Recommended best practices for collecting, analyzing, and reporting microplastics in environmental media: Lessons learned from comprehensive monitoring of San Francisco Bay. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124770. [PMID: 33450512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous and persistent contaminants in the ocean and a pervasive and preventable threat to the health of marine ecosystems. Microplastics come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and plastic types, each with unique physical and chemical properties and toxicological impacts. Understanding the magnitude of the microplastic problem and determining the highest priorities for mitigation require accurate measures of microplastic occurrence in the environment and identification of likely sources. The field of microplastic pollution is in its infancy, and there are not yet widely accepted standards for sample collection, laboratory analyses, quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC), or reporting of microplastics in environmental samples. Based on a comprehensive assessment of microplastics in San Francisco Bay water, sediment, fish, bivalves, stormwater, and wastewater effluent, we developed recommended best practices for collecting, analyzing, and reporting microplastics in environmental media. We recommend factors to consider in microplastic study design, particularly in regard to site selection and sampling methods. We also highlight the need for standard QA/QC practices such as collection of field and laboratory blanks, use of methods beyond microscopy to identify particle composition, and standardized reporting practices, including suggested vocabulary for particle classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Miller
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA, USA.
| | - Meg Sedlak
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Diana Lin
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chelsea M Rochman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Revel M, Roman C, Châtel A. Is cell culture a suitable tool for the evaluation of micro- and nanoplastics ecotoxicity? ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:421-430. [PMID: 33580466 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastic particles have been described in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. An increasing number of studies have tried to evaluate the toxic impacts of microplastics (1-5000 µm) but also nanoplastics (<1 µm) in marine and freshwater organisms. However, the wide variety of plastic particles characteristics such as various sizes, shapes, functionalization or types of polymer, makes it difficult to evaluate their impact with regular ecotoxicity testing. In this context, cell culture, mainly used in human toxicology, could be a promising tool to evaluate micro- and nanoplastics toxicity with a wide diversity of conditions allowing to generate a large set of data. This review presents the current research on micro and nanoplastics using cell culture of marine and freshwater organisms, describes the limitations of cell culture tool and defines whether this tool can be considered as a relevant alternative strategy for ecotoxic evaluation of micro and nanoplastics especially for future regulatory needs. Articles using specifically cell culture tool from aquatic organisms such as fish or bivalves were identified. The majority evaluated the toxicity of polystyrene nanobeads on immune parameters, oxidative stress or DNA damage in fish cells. Although most of the papers characterized nanoplastic particles into the cell culture media, the relevance of testing conditions is not always clear. The development of cell culture can offer many opportunities for the evaluation of plastic particles' cellular impacts, but more research is needed to develop relevant culture models, on various aquatic organisms, and with consideration of abiotic parameters especially composition of cell culture media for nanoplastic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messika Revel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, F-49000, Angers, France.
| | - Coraline Roman
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, F-49000, Angers, France
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Jiménez-Skrzypek G, Hernández-Sánchez C, Ortega-Zamora C, González-Sálamo J, González-Curbelo MÁ, Hernández-Borges J. Microplastic-adsorbed organic contaminants: Analytical methods and occurrence. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Torres FG, Dioses-Salinas DC, Pizarro-Ortega CI, De-la-Torre GE. Sorption of chemical contaminants on degradable and non-degradable microplastics: Recent progress and research trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143875. [PMID: 33310573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (<5 mm) are ubiquitous contaminants of growing concern. These have been found in multiple environmental compartments, including remote sites where anthropogenic activity is null. Once released, microplastics interact with multiple chemicals in the environment, many of which are classified as organic contaminants or heavy metals. Some contaminants have an affinity for microplastics, attributed to certain sorption mechanisms, and thus become vectors of hazardous chemicals. Here, we focused on the sorption behavior of degradable and non-degradable microplastics, including field and laboratory experiments. We reviewed the sorption mechanisms, namely hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, pore-filling, Van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, and the factors strengthening or weakening these mechanisms. Then, we analyzed the literature investigating the sorption behavior of a wide range of chemicals contaminants on microplastics, and the current knowledge regarding the occurrence of organic contaminants and heavy metals on microplastics extracted from the environment. The future perspectives and research priorities were discussed. It is apparent that degradable microplastics, such as polylactic acid or polybutylene succinate, have a greater affinity for hydrophobic contaminants than conventional synthetic non-degradable microplastics according to recent studies. However, studies assessing degradable microplastics are scarce and much research is required to further prove this point. We stated several knowledge gaps in this new line of research and suggest the future studies to follow an integrative approach, allowing to comprehend the multiple factors involved, such as ecotoxicity, bioaccumulation, and fate of the chemical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Torres
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Av. Universitaria 1801, 15088 Lima, Peru.
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Cormier B, Gambardella C, Tato T, Perdriat Q, Costa E, Veclin C, Le Bihanic F, Grassl B, Dubocq F, Kärrman A, Van Arkel K, Lemoine S, Lagarde F, Morin B, Garaventa F, Faimali M, Cousin X, Bégout ML, Beiras R, Cachot J. Chemicals sorbed to environmental microplastics are toxic to early life stages of aquatic organisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111665. [PMID: 33396175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems, but little information is currently available on the dangers and risks to living organisms. In order to assess the ecotoxicity of environmental microplastics (MPs), samples were collected from the beaches of two islands in the Guadeloupe archipelago, Petit-Bourg (PB) located on the main island of Guadeloupe and Marie-Galante (MG) on the second island of the archipelago. These samples have a similar polymer composition with mainly polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). However, these two samples are very dissimilar with regard to their contamination profile and their toxicity. MPs from MG contain more lead, cadmium and organochlorine compounds while those from PB have higher levels of copper, zinc and hydrocarbons. The leachates of these two samples of MPs induced sublethal effects on the growth of sea urchins and on the pulsation frequency of jellyfish ephyrae but not on the development of zebrafish embryos. The toxic effects are much more marked for samples from the PB site than those from the MG site. This work demonstrates that MPs can contain high levels of potentially bioavailable toxic substances that may represent a significant ecotoxicological risk, particularly for the early life stages of aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettie Cormier
- Bordeaux University, EPOC, UMR CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE 5805, Avenue des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France; Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Chiara Gambardella
- Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment - National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Genova, Italy
| | - Tania Tato
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Quentin Perdriat
- Bordeaux University, EPOC, UMR CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE 5805, Avenue des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Elisa Costa
- Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment - National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Genova, Italy
| | - Cloé Veclin
- CNRS/University of Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Florane Le Bihanic
- Bordeaux University, EPOC, UMR CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE 5805, Avenue des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Bruno Grassl
- CNRS/University of Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Florian Dubocq
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Kärrman
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Kim Van Arkel
- Race for Water Foundation, Lausanne 1007, Switzerland
| | - Soazig Lemoine
- Laboratoire de biologie marine, Université des Antilles, French West Indies, Campus de Fouillole, BP 592, 97117, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM, UMR CNRS 6283), Université du Maine, Avenu Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Bénédicte Morin
- Bordeaux University, EPOC, UMR CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE 5805, Avenue des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Francesca Garaventa
- Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment - National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Faimali
- Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment - National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Genova, Italy
| | - Xavier Cousin
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots, France; University of Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, GABI, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bégout
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Bordeaux University, EPOC, UMR CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE 5805, Avenue des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France.
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Latchere O, Audroin T, Hétier J, Métais I, Châtel A. The need to investigate continuums of plastic particle diversity, brackish environments and trophic transfer to assess the risk of micro and nanoplastics on aquatic organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116449. [PMID: 33465650 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastic particles are ubiquitous in marine and freshwater environments. While many studies have focused on the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in aquatic environments there is no clear conclusion on their environmental risk, which can be attributed to a lack of standardization of protocols for in situ sampling, laboratory experiments and analyzes. There are also far more studies concerning marine environments than fresh or brackish waters despite their role in the transfer of plastics from continents to oceansWe systematically reviewed the literature for studies: (1) using plastics representative of those found in the environment in laboratory experiments, (2) on the contamination of plastic particles in the continuum between fresh and marine waters, focusing in particular on estuaries and (3) on the continuum of contamination of plastic particles between species through trophic transfer in aquatic environments. We found that the exposure of aquatic organisms in the laboratory to plastic particles collected in the environment are very scarce. Moreover, plastic exposures of estuarine species in the laboratory are generally carried out for a single salinity and a single temperature that do not reflect the fluctuating environmental conditions of estuaries. Finally, the trophic transfer of plastic particles is mainly studied in the laboratory through simple food chains which are not representative of the complexity of the trophic networks observed in the aquatic environment. We pointed out that future studies in the laboratory should include both MPs and NPs sampled in the environment and focus on the precise characterization of the composition and surface of these plastics as well as on their absorbed pollutants, additives or biofilms. Moreover, investigations must be continued concerning the toxicity of plastic particles in brackish water environments such as estuaries and the trophic transfer of plastic particles in complex food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oïhana Latchere
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de L'Ouest, 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France.
| | - Thybaud Audroin
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de L'Ouest, 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Jean Hétier
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de L'Ouest, 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Métais
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de L'Ouest, 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de L'Ouest, 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
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Minor EC, Lin R, Burrows A, Cooney EM, Grosshuesch S, Lafrancois B. An analysis of microlitter and microplastics from Lake Superior beach sand and surface-water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140824. [PMID: 32693281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of microplastics in natural systems is a concern even in relatively pristine areas such as Lake Superior, on the border between the United States and Canada. In this study, beach sand and surface water were sampled in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) in May and July 2018. Additional sand samples were collected at non-APIS beaches in western Lake Superior in May 2018. Microlitter particles (<4 mm), consisting of microplastics and other low-density particles, were enumerated. Microplastics in sand samples, as identified by melt test, exhibited low abundances (0 to 55 particles/kg dry weight) and were mainly fibers. Microplastics in water samples were also low in abundance (9000 to 40,000 particles/km2) and were mostly fibers. Pyrolysis gas chromatography (pyGCMS) analysis was performed on a subset of microplastics from the sand and water samples. All particles with identifiable mass spectra were polyethylene. When beach sands were processed by density fractionation and filtration, the resulting microlitter samples also contained 260 to 2630 non-plastic particles per kg dry weight. A subset of these non-melting particles was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Results indicated that both organic and inorganic particles were included within non-plastic microlitter. Re-analysis of additional aliquots of the same sand samples using oxidation in addition to density fractionation reduced the number of non-plastic particles by roughly half, further highlighting that many of these were organic. Post-oxidation surface-water microlitter (333 μm to 4 mm) also contained non-plastic low-density particles, which comprised 29 to 47% of the total microlitter particle counts. Based upon color distributions, non-plastic microlitter particles in sand and water samples include a small portion of particles identifiable as anthropogenic. The sources for many microlitter particles cannot be distinguished at present and may be natural in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Minor
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 2205 East 5th St, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
| | - Roselynd Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Alvin Burrows
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Ellen M Cooney
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 2205 East 5th St, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Sarah Grosshuesch
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 2205 East 5th St, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Brenda Lafrancois
- National Park Service, Interior Regions 3, 4, and 5 (Great Lakes, Mississippi, and Missouri Basins), 2800 Lake Shore Drive East, Ashland, WI 54806, USA
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Hanslik L, Sommer C, Huppertsberg S, Dittmar S, Knepper TP, Braunbeck T. Microplastic-associated trophic transfer of benzo(k)fluoranthene in a limnic food web: Effects in two freshwater invertebrates (Daphnia magna, Chironomus riparius) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 237:108849. [PMID: 32768657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The continuously growing plastic production and incomplete recycling processes open manifold entry routes for microplastic particles (MPs) into the environment. Since knowledge on trophic transfer of contaminants sorbed to MPs is still insufficient for freshwater systems, the transfer of the model pollutant benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) sorbed to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles in a limnic food web was investigated: Two freshwater invertebrates (Daphnia magna and Chironomus riparius larvae) were selected and either left untreated, exposed to pristine PMMA, PMMA-associated BkF, or exposed to dissolved BkF (BkFaq). As second-level consumers, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were fed twice daily with pre-treated invertebrates over two days. Induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 by BkF was determined as 7-ethoxy-O-resorufin deethylase (EROD) activity. Both invertebrate species readily ingested PMMA particles, tracked via fluorescence microscopy and accumulated BkFaq, measured via GC-MS. Fluorescence signals in gastrointestinal tracts of zebrafish were quantified with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The fluorescence signal in gastrointestinal tracts of zebrafish was not altered, whereas, EROD activity was significantly induced when zebrafish were fed with Chironomus riparius, pre-exposed to BkFaq. Trophic exposure scenarios with BkF sorbed to PMMA did not result in any alterations of investigated endpoints in both invertebrate species and zebrafish compared to controls. Given that BkF amounts were in the low ng-range, as detected by GC-MS, the transport of MP-sorbed BkF to zebrafish was less effective than direct exposure to waterborne BkFaq, and the potential threat of trophic transfer of substances such as BkF in limnic food webs may have been overestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hanslik
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Carmen Sommer
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Huppertsberg
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, D-65510 Idstein, Germany
| | - Stefan Dittmar
- Chair of Water Quality Control, Technical University of Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas P Knepper
- Hochschule Fresenius GmbH, University of Applied Sciences Fresenius, Limburger Str. 2, D-65510 Idstein, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Hu M, Palić D. Micro- and nano-plastics activation of oxidative and inflammatory adverse outcome pathways. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101620. [PMID: 32863185 PMCID: PMC7767742 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in the recent years as potential threats to the ecosystem and public health. This review summarizes current knowledge of pathological events triggered by micro- and nano-plastics (MP/NPs) with focus on oxidative damages at different levels of biological complexity (molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, individual and population). Based on published information, we matched the apical toxicity endpoints induced by MP/NPs with key event (KE) or adverse outcomes (AO) and categorized them according to the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) online knowledgebase. We used existing AOPs and applied them to highlight formal mechanistic links between identified KEs and AOs in two possible scenarios: first from ecological, and second from public health perspective. Ecological perspective AOP based literature analysis revealed that MP/NPs share formation of reactive oxygen species as their molecular initiating event, leading to adverse outcomes such as growth inhibition and behavior alteration through oxidative stress cascades and inflammatory responses. Application of AOP on literature data related to public health perspective of MP/NPs showed that oxidative stress and its responding pathways, including inflammatory responses, could play the role of key events. However insufficient information prevented precise definitions of AOPs at this level. To overcome this knowledge gap, further mammalian model and epidemiological studies are necessary to support development and construction of detailed AOPs with public health focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyan Hu
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dušan Palić
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Mearns AJ, Morrison AM, Arthur C, Rutherford N, Bissell M, Rempel-Hester MA. Effects of pollution on marine organisms. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1510-1532. [PMID: 32671886 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review covers selected 2019 articles on the biological effects of pollutants, including human physical disturbances, on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems, and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field, and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing, and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, marine debris, dredging, and disposal. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due largely to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and proliferation of data on the assimilation and effects of marine debris microparticulates. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (e.g., mass mortalities ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not on pollutant sources, chemistry, fate, or transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g., some bioaccumulation data may be appeared in other topical categories such as effects of wastewater discharges, or biomarker studies appearing in oil toxicity literature). Therefore, we strongly urge readers to use keyword searching of the text and references to locate related but distributed information. Although nearly 400 papers are cited, these now represent a fraction of the literature on these subjects. Use this review mainly as a starting point. And please consult the original papers before citing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Mearns
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Nicolle Rutherford
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | - Matt Bissell
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
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Kwak JI, An YJ. Iced block method: An efficient method for preparation of micro-sized expanded polystyrene foams. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114387. [PMID: 32240895 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, numerous studies concerning dye-labeled microplastic beads have reported on the end-of-life, environmental effects of microplastics because of their ubiquitous commercial usage. Less is understood about the toxicity and bioaccumulation of plastics other than microplastic beads, which can also harm the environment (e.g., fragments, fibers, foams, and films). Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is widespread in the environment owing to its many uses, however, limited research has been conducted on EPS foams. This study focuses on developing an efficient method for the preparation of micro-sized EPS foams for research purposes and compares it with previous microplastics preparation methods reported in 68 previous studies. It was demonstrated that the iced EPS block method (iced EPS block + water) generated larger quantities of smaller-sized EPS foams (20-200 and 200-500 μm) compared to the EPS + ice + water and EPS + water methods. The optimal protocol includes 1) iced EPS block preparation, 2) grinding and sieving, and 3) collecting. Additionally, it was confirmed that the iced EPS block method requires less money, labor, and time compared to previously reported methods in the literature. The method proposed in this research can assist future investigations into the environmental effects of EPS foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Il Kwak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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Du J, Zhou Q, Li H, Xu S, Wang C, Fu L, Tang J. Environmental distribution, transport and ecotoxicity of microplastics: A review. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:52-64. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Du
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanxuan Li
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaodan Xu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Fu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhong Tang
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
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49
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Domenech J, Hernández A, Rubio L, Marcos R, Cortés C. Interactions of polystyrene nanoplastics with in vitro models of the human intestinal barrier. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:2997-3012. [PMID: 32592077 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The universal presence of micro-nanoplastics (MNPLs) and its relative unknown effects on human health is a concern demanding reliable data to evaluate their safety. As ingestion is one of the main exposure routes for humans, we have assessed their hazard using two in vitro models that simulate the human intestinal barrier and its associated lymphoid system. Two different coculture models (differentiated Caco-2/HT29 intestinal cells and Caco-2/HT29 + Raji-B cells) were exposed to polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) for 24 h. Endpoints such as viability, membrane integrity, NPS localization and translocation, ROS induction, and genotoxic damage were evaluated to have a comprehensive view of their potentially harmful effects. No significant cytotoxic effects were observed in any of the analyzed systems. In addition, no adverse effects were detected in the integrity or in the permeability of the barrier model. Nevertheless, confocal microscopy analysis showed that MNPLs were highly uptaken by both of the barrier model systems, and that translocation across the membrane occurred. Thus, MNPLs were detected into Raji-B cells, placed in the basolateral compartment of the insert. The internalization followed a dose-dependent pattern, as assessed by flow cytometry. Nonetheless, no genotoxic or oxidative DNA damage induction was detected in either case. Finally, no variations in the transcription of oxidative and stress genes could be detected in any of the in vitro barrier models. Our results show that MNPLs can enter and cross the epithelial barrier of the digestive system, as demonstrated when Raji-B cells were included in the model, but without exerting apparent hazardous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Domenech
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre Y Maestra, PUCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. .,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Constanza Cortés
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Heinrich P, Hanslik L, Kämmer N, Braunbeck T. The tox is in the detail: technical fundamentals for designing, performing, and interpreting experiments on toxicity of microplastics and associated substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22292-22318. [PMID: 32335837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, there has been a plethora of experimental studies estimating the potential of microplastic particles (MPs) to exert toxic effects in the environment, many specifically focusing on their postulated capacity to enhance the transfer of environmental pollutants into organisms after ingestion. Obviously, there is little to no consensus on appropriate experimental design, which is mainly owing to the novelty, the interdisciplinarity of the subject, and the complexity of parameters involved. This results in fundamental discrepancies regarding the materials applied, the approach for spiking MPs with pollutants, and the exact exposure scenario. Aiming for a non-chemist audience and providing illustrative, representative, and comparative examples, this review first outlines the theoretical essentials of processes involved in sorption. Also, it discusses the implications for designing experimental approaches using MPs and interpreting the results obtained under consideration of their relevance for environmental conditions. It may help to improve the interpretation of studies on MP toxicity already published, while also calling experimenters' attention to various aspects important to consider when designing and performing environmentally relevant experiments with MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Heinrich
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lisa Hanslik
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Kämmer
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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