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Christensen JR, LaBine GO. Microchemistry of Single Hair Strands Below and Above the Scalp: Impacts of External Contamination on Cuticle and Cortex Layers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3910-3922. [PMID: 38066310 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
External contamination of hair is the most significant challenge to it becoming an accepted matrix for monitoring endogenous metal exposure and nutritional deficiency. Here we use laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to quantify elemental concentrations in hair strands below and above the scalp in the cuticle and cortex layers to determine the extent of external contamination in a reference population. Evidence of hair strand contamination occurred for barium, calcium, iron, magnesium, and strontium in both the outer cuticle and the inner cortex layers, with increasing concentrations from root to tip. Aluminum, boron, copper, lead, and manganese showed significant contamination in the cuticle layer only, suggesting some protection of the inner cortex. Phosphorus and potassium decreased outside the scalp suggesting loss by washing, while chromium, mercury, selenium, sodium, titanium, and zinc showed no evidence of loss or external contamination above the scalp. The results clearly show that for most elements, hair chemistry above the scalp is unreliable for use in interpretation of endogenous exposures or deficiencies, and that the below-scalp portion provides a more accurate monitoring tool. This is the first paper to provide a reference range of elemental hair chemistry that is not impacted by the external environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geriene O LaBine
- TrichAnalytics Inc., #207, 1753 Sean Heights, Saanichton, BC, V8M 0B3, Canada
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2
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Galizia A, Falchi L, Iaquinta F, Machado I. Biomonitoring of Potentially Toxic Elements in Dyed Hairs and Its Correlation with Variables of Interest. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3529-3537. [PMID: 37968491 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Hair is good bioindicator of exposure, due to its ability to store and retain trace elements for long periods of time. But it can be especially useful when hair dyes are used since they may contain potentially toxic salts in their composition. In this context, analytical methods for the determination of bismuth, cadmium, lead, and silver in scalp human hair by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry were successfully validated. A total of 60 samples obtained from women between 18 and 60 years were analyzed: 34 dyed hairs and 26 untreated hairs (control). Average results expressed in dry weight (dyed/control) for each element were 2.34/0.49 μg g-1 (silver), 0.142/0.139 μg g-1 (bismuth), 0.055/0.054 μg g-1 (cadmium), and 2.09/0.99 μg g-1 (lead), respectively. These results agreed with those previously reported for non-exposed populations. A statistically significant higher Ag concentration in dyed hairs was observed, suggesting the bioaccumulation of this element. The associations between metal concentration and variables of interest (age, education, smoking habit, dye brand, use of dietary supplements) were investigated. A strong Pearson correlation was found for the pair Ag/Pb (r = 0.494, p < 0.05). Also, strong associations between lead levels and all the selected variables were observed (p < 0.05), while strong associations between silver levels with age and dye brand and association between cadmium levels and smoking habit were found. Furthermore, several commercial hair dye brands were analyzed to verify compliance with cosmetic regulations. This constitutes the first study of such characteristics performed in Uruguay, with worldwide relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Galizia
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Falchi
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fiorella Iaquinta
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Machado
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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3
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Lisik F, Piketty-Desfeux M, Tchikladze C, Glowaczower É. The effectiveness of an intervention to reduce exposure to trace metals during or prior to pregnancy: A prospective study in urban and rural locations. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21293. [PMID: 37954379 PMCID: PMC10637957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal exposure to trace metals can have adverse effects on health and increase the risk of developing certain diseases. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of giving women advice to reduce their exposure to trace metals during pregnancy or prior to conception. The study also examined differences in exposure between rural and urban environments in southern France. Methods In this prospective study, pregnant women or those intending to conceive were recruited from two medical centers for gynecology/obstetrics (rural location: Saint-Rémy-de-Provence; urban location: Marseille). Hair samples were collected and analyzed to determine the levels of exposure to trace metals. Participants with 'risky' levels were given corresponding advice sheets on how to reduce their exposure or, for certain metals, they were encouraged to find out about potential sources of exposure. A second hair sample was collected and analyzed 3 months later. Results It was found that 109 women had 'risky' levels of exposure to trace metals, out of a total of 184 women (59.2 %). Cerium was the most frequently identified metal (N = 26), followed by nickel (N = 23), and titanium (N = 19). There were more women at the urban center with 'risky' levels (56/86; 65.1 %) than at the rural center (53/98; 54.1 %), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.13). Advice sheets were given to 64 of the 109 participants with 'risky' levels (58.7 %), but only 21 returned for the second hair analysis. Of these, 14 were found to have reduced their exposure, which corresponds to just 12.8 % (14/109) of the participants with 'risky' levels. Conclusions These results indicate that it would be helpful to develop new interventions to reduce trace metal exposure during or prior to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lisik
- St Bernard Medical Center, 1 Avenue Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 13210, Saint Remy de Provence, France
- Urbain V Polyclinic, Elsan, Chemin Du Pont des Deux Eaux, 84036, Avignon, France
| | - Mathilde Piketty-Desfeux
- St Bernard Medical Center, 1 Avenue Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 13210, Saint Remy de Provence, France
| | | | - Éric Glowaczower
- Carré Saint-Giniez Medical Practice, 345 Avenue Du Prado, 13008, Marseille, France
- Bouchard Clinic, Elsan, 77 Rue Du Docteur Escat, 13006, Marseille, France
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4
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Liu B, Cai F, Tang B, Li J, Yan X, Du D, Zheng J, Ren M, Yu Y. Maternal hair segments reveal metal(loid) levels over the course of pregnancy: a preliminary study in Southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1684-1693. [PMID: 37705410 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00279a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of metal(loid) variation during pregnancy and identification of the affecting factors are important for assessing pregnancy exposures in epidemiological studies. In this study, maternal hair was collected in three segments (each 3 cm) from pregnant women in Guangzhou, China. Ten metal(loid)s, including six essential trace metal(loid)s and four toxic trace metal(loid)s, were analyzed to investigate the levels of various metal(loid)s during pregnancy and the factors that influence them. Strong pairwise correlations were observed between manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V), between selenium (Se), arsenic (As), and antimony (Sb), and between cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). All metal(loid)s except for Se, Mn, and Co showed strong correlations among the three hair segments, and most of the metal(loid)s had good reproducibility, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.510 to 0.931, except for As (ICC = 0.334), Mn (ICC = 0.231), and Co (ICC = 0.235). Zn levels decreased, while Sb increased, in maternal hair during pregnancy. Maternal sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake affected metal(loid) levels in maternal hair. These results provide foundational data for using maternal hair segmental analysis to evaluate exposure variation to metal(loid)s during pregnancy and the potential factors associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Fengshan Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
| | - Jialu Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, P. R. China
| | - Dongwei Du
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhong Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China.
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5
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Rayad S, Dobrzyński M, Kuźniarski A, Styczyńska M, Diakowska D, Gedrange T, Klimas S, Gębarowski T, Dominiak M. Mercury Content in Impacted Wisdom Teeth from Patients of the Legnica-Głogów Copper Area-An In Vitro Pilot Study. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:463-478. [PMID: 37754841 PMCID: PMC10532917 DOI: 10.3390/jox13030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the content of mercury in impacted third molars from Legnica-Głogów Copper Area residents to emphasize the effects of environmental pollution on the human body. A group of 72 patients with an average age of 27.3 ± 6.9 years participated in the study. Within this study, the research group (Legnica-Głogów Copper Area residents) comprised 51 individuals, while the control group (residents of Wrocław) consisted of 21 participants. A higher number of female individuals participated in the research (55). The amount of mercury present in the samples was determined through atomic absorption spectrometry with the use of a SpectraAA atomic absorption spectrometer and a V2 AA240FS flame attachment that utilized an air-acetylene flame. The accumulation of Hg in the teeth of members of the control group residing in Wrocław was studied, with a focus on identifying the risk factors that contribute to this phenomenon. The final model analyzed the presence of various factors, including thyroid and parathyroid gland diseases, cardiac diseases, and interval-scale Vit. D3 concentration. Among these factors, the presence of cardiac diseases was deemed statistically significant in relation to an increase in Hg concentration in third molars (rate ratio = 2.27, p < 0.0001). The concentration of mercury increased with the age and time of residence in the L-G Copper District.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadri Rayad
- Academic Dental Polyclinic of Dental Center, Technology Transfer Ltd., Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Dobrzyński
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Amadeusz Kuźniarski
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marzena Styczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Basic Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 3, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Sylwia Klimas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Gębarowski
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1/3, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.)
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Hamouda AF, Felemban S. A Bio-Indicator Pilot Study Screening Selected Heavy Metals in Female Hair, Nails, and Serum from Lifestyle Cosmetic, Canned Food, and Manufactured Drink Choices. Molecules 2023; 28:5582. [PMID: 37513454 PMCID: PMC10386365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyles, genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and geographical regions are considered key factors of heavy metals initiatives related to health issues. Heavy metals enter the body via the environment, daily lifestyle, foods, beverages, cosmetics, and other products. The accumulation of heavy metals in the human body leads to neurological issues, carcinogenesis, failure of multiple organs in the body, and a reduction in sensitivity to treatment. We screened for Cr, Al, Pb, and Cd in selected foods, beverages, and cosmetics products depending on questionnaire outcomes from female volunteers. We also screened for Cr, Al, Pb, and Cd on hair, nails, and serum samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) from the same volunteers, and we analyzed the serum cholinesterase and complete blood picture (CBC). We performed an AutoDock study on Cr, Al, Pb, and Cd as potential ligands. Our results indicate that the most elevated heavy metal in the cosmetic sample was Al. In addition, in the food and beverages samples, it was Pb and Al, respectively. The results of the questionnaire showed that 71 percent of the female volunteers used the studied cosmetics, food, and beverages, which were contaminated with Cr, Al, Pb, and Cd, reflecting the high concentration of Cr, Al, Cd, and Pb in the three different types of biological samples of sera, nails, and hair of the same females, with 29 percent of the female volunteers not using the products in the studied samples. Our results also show an elevated level of cholinesterase in the serum of group 1 that was greater than group 2, and this result was confirmed by AutoDock. Moreover, the negative variation in the CBC result was compared with the reference ranges. Future studies should concentrate on the actions of these heavy metal contaminations and their potential health consequences for various human organs individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Fathi Hamouda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21111, Egypt
| | - Shifa Felemban
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, University College-Al Leith, University of Umm Al-Qura, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Ruiz R, Estevan C, Estévez J, Alcaide C, Sogorb MA, Vilanova E. Reference Values on Children's Hair for 28 Elements (Heavy Metals and Essential Elements) Based on a Pilot Study in a Representative Non-Contaminated Local Area. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098127. [PMID: 37175834 PMCID: PMC10179086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have been published, and laboratories offer services of measuring elements in hair as biomarkers of environmental exposure and/or control of essential elements (trace or macro). These reported values can have only sense if compared with adopted reference values. In this work, we propose provisional reference values based on a pilot child population. The concentrations of 28 elements were measured in children's hair samples. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in a typical child population in the Mediterranean region void of excessive pollution problems to analyze 419 hair samples of children aged 3-12 years. Children were selected by a simple random method from eight primary education schools in different municipal districts, which included urban, rural and industrial areas. Samples of around 100 mg were washed and acid digested by an optimized procedure. All measures were performed using ICP-MS with Sc, Y and Re as internal standards. The statistical analysis was performed by two approaches: (a) considering all the data and (b) without outliers (second-order atypical data) to compare them with other published studies. The distribution curves in all the elements studied were asymmetric and did not fit the theoretical normality distributions. Therefore, the analysis based on percentiles was more appropriate. In most elements, only slight differences were observed with sex or age, which did not justify proposing separate reference ranges. From the results of this study, provisional reference values are proposed following two criteria: (a) simple application of the table of percentiles built by removing outlier values and (b) values after a detailed analysis case-by-case, considering other data as the distribution profile and other published data of each element. Although the pilot sample was from a limited area, it was carefully selected to be representative of a general non-contaminated population. With this limitation, the proposed reference values might be useful for researchers and physicians until a wider geographical study is available for a large number of elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ruiz
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Carmen Estevan
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Jorge Estévez
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Carolina Alcaide
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sogorb
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Eugenio Vilanova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
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8
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Hassan Emami M, Saberi F, Mohammadzadeh S, Fahim A, Abdolvand M, Ali Ehsan Dehkordi S, Mohammadzadeh S, Maghool F. A Review of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Red Meat and Meat Products in the Middle East. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100048. [PMID: 36916555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The problem of food contamination is a matter of concern, which cancausehealthcomplications in consumers.Severalinternational organizations have created standard permissible limits for heavy metals in meat products. Livestock such as sheep, cattle, camels, and goats are the most important sources of protein meat in the Middle East (ME) countries. Contamination of meat products with heavy metals (HMs) may be a threat to human health. Various scattered studies have been conducted in the Middle East on the contamination of red meat and meat products with HMs however, a comprehensive review on this subject has not yet been published. This study aimed to investigate the status of HMs in both raw andprocessedtypes of meatin the ME. Theresultsof thisnarrativereviewrevealed that in many ME countries, contamination of red meat with HMs was excessive. Therefore, more monitoringoflivestockconditionsandred meat products consumed in some Middle East countries seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Emami
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Safoora Mohammadzadeh
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Fahim
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Cellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Samane Mohammadzadeh
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Maghool
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Rashaid AB, Alqhazo M, Newbury DF, Kanaan H, El-Khateeb M, Abukashabeh A, Al-Tamimi F. Evaluation of elements in hair samples of children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:138-147. [PMID: 35034571 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.2022068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have highlighted a role for trace elements and toxic metals across neurodevelopmental disorders, including developmental stuttering, Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, these environmental influences have yet to be explored in relation to Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). METHODS Elemental hair composition of seven elements; zinc (64Zn), magnesium (26Mg), iron (57Fe), potassium (39K), aluminum (27Al), lead (208Pb), and barium (138Ba) were analyzed in hair samples from 35 children affected by DLD and 35 controls with typical language development (TLD) using both inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and inductive coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). RESULTS The concentration of 64Zn was significantly lower in the hair of DLD group compared to the TLD control group. All other elements showed similar levels between cases and controls. This pilot study demonstrates the utility of trace elements and toxic metals screening in relation to language disorders and the use of hair samples in such investigations. CONCLUSION The finding that zinc levels differed between cases and controls could represent a clinically relevant result and should be replicated in larger sample size across time. A wider battery of related elements will help to better understand the role of trace elements and toxic metals in DLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Bani Rashaid
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan
| | - Mazin Alqhazo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan
| | - Dianne F Newbury
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Heba Kanaan
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan
| | - Mohammad El-Khateeb
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan
| | - Ahmad Abukashabeh
- Chemical and Physical Analyses Laboratories, Jordan Atomic Energy Commission, Amman, Jordan
| | - Feda Al-Tamimi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan
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10
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Dai L, Deng L, Wang W, Li Y, Wang L, Liang T, Liao X, Cho J, Sonne C, Shiung Lam S, Rinklebe J. Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China's largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107775. [PMID: 36739854 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern about human health of residents living in areas where mining and smelting occur. In order to understand the exposure to the potentially toxic elements (PTEs), we here identify and examine the cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in scalp hair of residents living in the mining area (Bayan Obo, n = 76), smelting area (Baotou, n = 57) and a reference area (Hohhot, n = 61). In total, 194 hair samples were collected from the volunteers (men = 87, women = 107) aged 5-77 years old in the three areas. Comparing median PTEs levels between the young and adults, Ni levels were significantly higher in adults living in the smelting area while Cr was highest in adults from the mining area, no significant difference was found for any of the elements in the reference area. From the linear regression model, no significant relationship between PTEs concentration, log10(PTEs), and age was found. The concentrations of Ni, Cd, and Pb in hair were significantly lower in the reference area when compared to both mining and smelting areas. In addition, Cu was significantly higher in the mining area when compared to the smelting area. Factor analysis (FA) indicated that men and women from the smelting area (Baotou) and mining area (Bayan Obo), respectively, had different underlying communality of log10(PTEs), suggesting different sources of these PTEs. Multiple factor analysis quantilized the importance of gender and location when combined with PTEs levels in human hair. The results of this study indicate that people living in mining and/or smelting areas have significantly higher PTEs (Cu, Ni, Cd, and Pb) hair levels compared to reference areas, which may cause adverse health effects. Remediation should therefore be implemented to improve the health of local residents in the mining and smelting areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Deng
- Ecological Environment Planning and Environmental Protection Technology Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - You Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Ecological Environment Planning and Environmental Protection Technology Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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11
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Durkalec-Michalski K, Główka N, Nowaczyk PM, Laszczak A, Gogojewicz A, Suliburska J. Do Triathletes Periodize Their Diet and Do Their Mineral Content, Body Composition and Aerobic Capacity Change during Training and Competition Periods? Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010006. [PMID: 36615663 PMCID: PMC9824709 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The triathlon is a demanding endurance multisport, which may strongly affect the nutritional status of athletes. The aim of this study was to find whether there are any differences in energy value and nutrient intake, body mass and body composition, aerobic performance and hair mineral status between training and competition periods and to assess whether there is a link between hair mineral content and physical capacity and nutrition. This observational study covered 20 triathletes aged 32 ± 7 years. The results of our study indicated performance improvement during the competition period (longer time to exhaustion (p = 0.025) and lower maximal oxygen uptake at the ventilatory threshold (%VO2max_VT; p = 0.047)). However, no differences were recorded in nutrition and body composition between two training vs. competition periods. There was a significant depletion in hair iron content during the competition period (p = 0.010). Furthermore, there were significant relationships between hair calcium content and absolute maximal oxygen uptake and %VO2max_VT during the training period. It is necessary to introduce nutritional education in the group of triathletes focused on exercise-oriented nutritional periodization following the requirements of the training and competition periods, thus preventing the risk of nutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia Główka
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paulina M. Nowaczyk
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Laszczak
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gogojewicz
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
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12
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Varrica D, Tamburo E, Alaimo MG. Levels of trace elements in human hair samples of adolescents living near petrochemical plants. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3779-3797. [PMID: 34698985 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is a comparative analysis to investigate human hair metal profiles of adolescents residing near petrochemical plants (Sicily, Italy). We selected the small town of Augusta, Gela, and Pace del Mela, and a control area made up of the towns characterized by low anthropogenic activity. Twenty trace elements were measured in samples of scalp hair from adolescents (11-14 years old) of both genders. Hair samples were cleaned using a rigorous cleaning method, mineralized, and processed for analyses by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In industrial sites, zinc was always the most abundant element, ranging from186 to 217 μg g-1. Following zinc, the elements Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, and Sr were in the range 1-20 μg g-1. The remaining elements had concentrations < 1 μg g-1. The comparison with adolescents living in suburban area highlighted that As, Ba, Mn, Sr, U, and V have the highest median concentrations in an industrial location. An industrial factor (As, Mn, Sr, U, and V) and an urban factor (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Sb) were distinguished by the multivariate statistical analysis between a cohort residing in urban and industrial areas. Statistically significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05) between the genders were found for Ba, Mn, Ni, Sr, and V in all industrial sites with median concentrations higher in females' hair than males'. The data confirm that the study areas are heavily affected by industrial and urban emissions of metals and metalloids, representing a potential hazard to the local population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Varrica
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Elisa Tamburo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Alaimo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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13
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Kousa A, Loukola-Ruskeeniemi K, Hatakka T, Kantola M. High manganese and nickel concentrations in human hair and well water and low calcium concentration in blood serum in a pristine area with sulphide-rich bedrock. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3799-3819. [PMID: 34698984 PMCID: PMC9587063 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the trace element status of residents living in areas with naturally sulphide-rich bedrock and soil in two municipalities in Finland, Sotkamo and Kaavi. Altogether, 225 people from these sparsely populated regions participated voluntarily by providing hair and blood samples. The concentrations of calcium, zinc and copper in serum as well as selenium and cadmium in whole blood did not show correlation with those concentrations in hair samples. Calcium concentration in serum was slightly lower in the sulphide-rich areas (median value 91.4 mg/l, n = 103) than in the areas with adjacent sulphur-poor bedrock (median value 93.6 mg/l, n = 82). The concentrations of Ni and Mn in hair correlated with those in drinking water. The highest Mn and Ni concentrations in the water samples from private wells were 1620 µg/l and 51 µg/l and the highest concentrations in human hair samples 36.44 mg/kg and 12.3 mg/kg, respectively. The challenge with elevated trace element concentrations in some well waters is well documented. In northern countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway and Canada), only 10% of the population depend on private well water, and 90% have access to monitored municipal water supplies. Compared with data available from sulphide mine sites globally, the nickel and manganese concentrations in human hair samples were high in our sulphide-rich study area at Sotkamo representing the trace element status of residents under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kousa
- Environmental Solutions, Geological Survey of Finland GTK, P.O. Box 1237, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Tarja Hatakka
- Environmental Solutions, Geological Survey of Finland GTK, P.O. Box 96, 02151, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marjatta Kantola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), P.O. Box 2, 00791, Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Bellouard M, de la GrandMaison GL, Cappy J, Grimaldi L, Lontsi-Djeagou A, Alvarez JC. Trace elements repartition in body fluids, hair and organs in an autopsied population evaluated by ICP-MS high resolution. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103978. [PMID: 36155229 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metals and trace elements (TE) is universal and can cause toxicity in case of excessive exposure. We evaluated the concentrations and tissue distribution of 39 TE using high-resolution ICP-MS after total mineralization by microwave in twenty autopsied French subjects. We found a globally homogeneous distribution of TE in the body, with some accumulations in agents, involved in respiratory pathologies and classified as carcinogens, in the lungs. The liver, an organ of metabolism, appeared to concentrate Co, Fe, La, Mn, Mo, Pb and Zn. Fe seemed to accumulate in the spleen, the organ of hematopoiesis. The kidney showed high concentrations of some TE, which can cause nephrotoxicity. The use of microwave mineralization and high-resolution ICP-MS allowed accurate quantification and a very high sensitivity, without spectral interferences. The results obtained in this study could be used to support the interpretation of post-mortem metal concentrations in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bellouard
- Toxicology laboratory, Raymond Poincaré hospital, AP-HP, Garches, France; MasSpecLab Platform, UMR1173, Inserm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | | | - Julien Cappy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches, France
| | - Lamiae Grimaldi
- Paris Ouest Research Clinic Unit, Ambroise Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Albine Lontsi-Djeagou
- Paris Ouest Research Clinic Unit, Ambroise Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Claude Alvarez
- Toxicology laboratory, Raymond Poincaré hospital, AP-HP, Garches, France; MasSpecLab Platform, UMR1173, Inserm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
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15
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Penrose B, MacIntosh AE, Parbhakar-Fox A, Smith LBE, Sawyer T, D'Agnese E, Carver S. Heavy metal wombats? Metal exposure pathways to bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) living on remediated tin mine tailings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155526. [PMID: 35489482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rehabilitation of disused mine sites through stabilisation and botanical restoration is ecologically important, but metal transfer pathways to colonising wildlife are often less understood and have never been studied in marsupials. The rehabilitated Royal George tin mine tailings (Tasmania, Australia) and colonisation by bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) represented an opportunity to examine potential metal transfer from mine tailings to an herbivorous marsupial. The aim of this study was to examine metal transfer pathways from the mine tailings to wombats, and to determine if wombats are at risk from metal exposure. Concentrations of metals were measured in the tailings substrate, surface water and vegetation, as well as fur samples from a resident wombat, and non-resident (control) wombats. The mineralogy of the tailings is dominated by quartz, muscovite, feldspars, topaz, kaolinite and calcite. Concentrations of several metals were high (exceeding varying health standards) in the tailings (As, Cu, Hg, Pb, Ni, Zn), water (As, Cd, Cu, Zn) and vegetation (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn). Relative to non-resident wombats, elevated levels of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Sn were measured in the fur of a resident wombat. Based on modelling of the exposure pathways, consumption of plant material is the most likely metal transfer pathway for As, Cu and Pb, although the risks from ingestion of tailings to this fossorial marsupial should not be discounted. This study is the first to investigate metal exposure pathways to marsupials using rehabilitated mine tailings. Further research is needed to accurately quantify ecological risks and toxicity for wombats and other marsupials native to mining landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Penrose
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Amy E MacIntosh
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Anita Parbhakar-Fox
- Centre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Sandy Bay, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Laura B E Smith
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Terrie Sawyer
- Centre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Sandy Bay, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Erin D'Agnese
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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16
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Brooks JK, Franco A, Thompson RB, Biederman DE, Kumar V, Michel SLJ, Pritts Bs JD, Frederickson CJ, Bashirelahi N, Price JB. Radiographic presentation of artifactual dyed hair on lateral cephalograms, chemical processing, and forensic application: Novel case report. J Forensic Sci 2022; 67:1274-1279. [PMID: 35023580 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Forensic assessment employs an array of methods to identify human remains. Radiologic examinations with panoramic radiographs, computed tomography scans, Waters view, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging may offer evidentiary clues in challenging cases, such as mass disasters. In these cases, alternative forensic tools are used to narrow lists of target victims using their biological features. This study aims to I) report on the unusual radiographic aspect of chemicals used for hair dyeing, and II) discuss the potential forensic application of this finding for human identification. The case depicts an asymptomatic 14-years-old female who presented for orthodontic therapy. During radiographic examination on a lateral cephalogram, numerous thin radiopaque streaks were visible, extending to the posterior neck between the occipital region of the skull base and vertebra C6. Clinical investigations revealed that these were artifactual hair images (possibly documented for the first time in the scientific literature). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis of the patient's scalp hair was performed for 10 heavy metals, including zinc, copper, iron, chromium, nickel, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, and bismuth. Eight of these metals were detected at normal levels, ranging from 160 parts per million (ppm) for zinc to less than 1 ppm for nickel, cadmium, tin, lead, and antimony. Conversely, slightly elevated levels of chromium at 0.41 ppm and bismuth at 0.025 ppm were found in the hair sample. The distinctive radiographic presentation of artifactual hair images combined with the chemical properties of hair exposed to dye products may provide useful traces for human identification, especially in mass disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Brooks
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ademir Franco
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Vandana Kumar
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sarah L J Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Associate Dean for Graduate Programs, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jordan D Pritts Bs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Nasir Bashirelahi
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jeffery B Price
- Director of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, USA
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17
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Thomas O, Le Bot B, Verrey D, Durand S, Harpet C, Froment A, Jégou B. High lead level in the Alps in XIXth century, learning from the analysis of 138 historical hair stands. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131658. [PMID: 34416585 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of hair is known to provide useful information about environmental and toxic exposures. Very little historical use has been made of this type of investigation. Here we study 138 human hair samples from 19th century in France. In order to examine the potential association between contamination and historical health impacts, we characterized contamination by 33 elements in a set of hair strands sampled during the last quarter of the 19th century in the Savoy region of France. After a selected washing step on 138 hair strands conserved at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris (France), we assessed the presence of inorganics by ICP/MS, and lead level was higher than values reported in literature. We then compared concentrations and distributions between women and men, sampling locations and crossing gender and geographical origin. Hair lead level was high throughout Savoy at the end of the 19th century: significantly higher for people living in towns or industrial valleys, and lower for those of countryside and mountains areas. Environmental and economic changes (industrialization and urbanization with water adduction and leaded paints), living habits (kitchenware, cosmetics, wine, and tobacco), and local features (mines exploitation, railroad development, and industrialized narrow valleys) could be envisaged for explaining the level of lead contamination. In the same period, the two main industrial valleys of Savoy (Maurienne and Tarentaise) had high rates of endemic goiter and cretinism and among the highest hair lead levels. Other lines of evidence will need to be explore to investigate a possible link between historical Pb exposure and goiter in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Thomas
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - B Le Bot
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - D Verrey
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - S Durand
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - C Harpet
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, EHESP, CNRS, ARENES-UMR_S 6051, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - A Froment
- Musée National d'histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France
| | - B Jégou
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
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18
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Tunakova Y, Shagidullin A, Valiev V, Novikova S, Faizullin R. Method for Determining Regional Reference Values of Metal Content in Biological Substrates and Their Intake into the Body via Drinking Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189903. [PMID: 34574826 PMCID: PMC8464986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Natural and manmade flows of matter form complex metal associations in the body of residents living in certain territories, which leads to functional disorders in their bodies and the depletion of adaptive reserves. It is possible to assess the distribution of metals in the body only taking into account its biogeochemical localization. The question arises about the methodological approach to the determination of regional reference values of the concentrations of metals in biosubstrates of residents of different territories, to which this study was devoted. A designed and trained neural network was used, reflecting the relationship between the concentrations of metals in consumed drinking water and biosubstrates of the body, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the tested group of children and adolescents, based on the regional reference values obtained. Neural network regression methods allowed the calculation of nonlinear dependences of indicators of the state of the internal environment of an organism with external factors, and localized reference values determined in such calculations the indicators of the base state, being guided by the intensity of external factors, which should be assessed. The results of this study are intended for patient-oriented diagnosis and the treatment of eco-conditioned microelementosis in individual locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Tunakova
- Department of General Chemistry and Ecology, Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev (KNRTU–KAI), 420126 Kazan, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Artur Shagidullin
- Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420087 Kazan, Russia; (A.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Vsevolod Valiev
- Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420087 Kazan, Russia; (A.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Svetlana Novikova
- Department of General Chemistry and Ecology, Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev (KNRTU–KAI), 420126 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Rashat Faizullin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
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19
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Tehrani MW, Galusha AL, Kannan A, Parsons PJ. Lead uptake into calcified and keratinized compartments of horns from a convenience sample of lead-dosed goats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:729-742. [PMID: 34167434 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1938766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hair and/or nail analyses are sometimes used in biomonitoring studies due to the convenience of sample collection, storage, and transport, as well as the potential to assess past exposures to toxic metals, such as lead (Pb). However, the validity of Pb measurements in these keratinized matrices as biomarkers of absorbed dose remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the uptake of Pb into horns harvested postmortem from 11 goats that received a cumulative oral dose of up to 151 g Pb acetate over a period of 1-11 years as part of a long-term blood Pb proficiency testing program. Uptake of Pb into keratinized horn was compared to the corresponding underlying bony horn core, which, as part of the bone compartment, provided a measure of absorbed Pb dose. Two complementary analytical techniques were used to assess Pb: X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Detectable amounts of Pb were found in all keratinized horn samples (0.45-6.6 µg/g) and in all but one bony core sample (1.4-68 µg/g). In both bony core and keratinized horn samples, Pb accumulation increased with dose over a low-to-moderate cumulative-dose interval, consistent with previous observations, but plateaued at higher doses. Significant associations were observed between Pb in keratinized horn and bony core samples particularly with XRF measurements, which represent the surface bone compartment. These findings provide evidence that Pb is excreted in keratinized tissues but reflects only a small fraction of the absorbed Pb dose, likely transferred from underlying bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina W Tehrani
- New York State Department of Health, Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- New York State Department of Health, Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY USA
| | - Arnav Kannan
- New York State Department of Health, Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- New York State Department of Health, Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY USA
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20
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Duncan BR, Hasegawa M, Marshall DA, Gonzalez-Cuyar LF, Paulsen M, Kobayashi M, Maravilla KR, Simpson CD. Variability in hair gadolinium concentrations among decedents who received gadolinium-based contrast agents. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1571-1582. [PMID: 33506336 PMCID: PMC10537202 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study utilized laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to quantify gadolinium in the hair of autopsy cases that had received gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) before death. Consecutive autopsy cases were reviewed for GBCA injections and subjects who received a single type of GBCA in the year before death were included. Hair samples were analyzed using LA-ICP-MS as a line scan technique and parameters were optimized to maximize instrument sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Linear regression analyses between hair measures and gadolinium dose were executed. LA-ICP-MS analysis produced a time-resolved record of GCBA exposure, with the position of the gadolinium peak maxima along the hair shaft providing a good estimate for the day that GBCA injection occurred (R2 = 0.46; p = 0.0022); however, substantial within and between subject variation in the position of the GBCA peak was observed. Average area under the curve for gadolinium peaks in the hair samples was a better predictor of gadolinium dose (R2 = 0.41; p = 0.0046), compared to the average of peak maxima concentration. Correlation between area under the curve and dose suggests that LA-ICP-MS analysis of hair may be an effective method to evaluate gadolinium levels in subjects in vivo after exposure to GBCAs. This study demonstrates that analysis of human hair using techniques with high spatial resolution such as LA-ICP-MS has excellent potential to reveal time-dependent signatures of past exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne R Duncan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Exponent, Inc., Bellevue, WA, 98007, USA.
| | - Makoto Hasegawa
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Radiology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan
| | - Desiree A Marshall
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Luis F Gonzalez-Cuyar
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael Paulsen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Masahiro Kobayashi
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth R Maravilla
- Radiology & Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christopher D Simpson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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21
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Liu H, Liu H, Yang Z, Wang K. Bone Mineral Density in Population Long-Term Exposed to Rare Earth Elements from a Mining Area of China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:453-464. [PMID: 32361884 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of individuals' exposure to rare earth elements (REEs) on bone metabolism. Adopting the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, we measured REEs and eight other elements (Ca, Fe, Cu, Na, K, Zn, Mg, and P) in the hair of 53 miners exposed to REEs from Baiyunebo and 57 healthy farmers as the control group. Furthermore, bone mineral density (BMD) in both groups was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of variance showed that the concentrations of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb, Ho, Tm, and Yb in male hair of exposed group were significantly higher compared with the control group, whereas the concentrations of Ca and Fe in exposed group were significantly lower; the results of female hair, except for Ce, Tb, Ho, Tm, and Yb, were consistent with male hair. Student's t test showed that the BMD of exposed males at lumbar vertebrae, femoral neck, greater trochanter, and intertrochanter was significantly lower than that of controls, and exposed females reported lower BMD values at lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that concentrations of differential REEs were inversely related to BMD in males, and concentrations of Ca and Fe were positively related to BMD both in males and females. Our study suggests that long-term environmental and occupational exposure leads to REE accumulation, and a low level of iron and calcium due to the competitive binding of REEs, which together induce bone metabolism disorders, and further reduce BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Province, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Intervention Therapy, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Province, China
| | - Zenghua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Province, China
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
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22
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Martins AC, Almeida Lopes ACB, Urbano MR, Carvalho MDFH, Silva AMR, Tinkov AA, Aschner M, Mesas AE, Silbergeld EK, Paoliello MMB. An updated systematic review on the association between Cd exposure, blood pressure and hypertension. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111636. [PMID: 33396156 PMCID: PMC7785863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the first report by Perry et al. (1955), most studies affirmed the hypertensive effects of cadmium (Cd) in humans. Nonetheless, conclusions between studies remain inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to reevaluate the evidence for a potential relationship between Cd exposure and altered blood pressure and/or hypertension, focusing on studies published between January 2010 and March 2020. METHODS We reviewed all observational studies from database searches (PubMed and SCOPUS) on Cd exposure and blood pressure or hypertension. We extracted information from studies that provided sufficient data on population characteristics, smoking status, exposure, outcomes, and design. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies met our inclusion criteria; of those, twenty-nine were cross sectional, three case control, five cohort and one interventional study. Blood or urinary Cd levels were the most commonly used biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS A positive association between blood Cd levels and blood pressure and/or hypertension was identified in numerous studies at different settings. Limited number of representative population-based studies of never-smokers was observed, which may have confounded our conclusions. The association between urinary Cd and blood pressure and/or hypertension remains uncertain due to conflicting results, including inverse relationships with lack of strong mechanistic support. We point to the urgent need for additional longitudinal studies to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ana Carolina B Almeida Lopes
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Urbano
- Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, s/no, Campus Universitário, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fatima H Carvalho
- Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R Silva
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146 Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus Universitario de Cuenca, Camino de Pozuelo, s/n 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Ellen K Silbergeld
- Emerita Professor, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N Wolfe St, 21205 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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23
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Zhang R, Wang L, Li Y, Li H, Xu Y. Distribution Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements and Selenium in Hair of Centenarians Living in China Longevity Region. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:15-24. [PMID: 31728813 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the characteristics of the rare earth elements (REEs) and selenium (Se) among the Chinese centenarians, the concentrations of REE and Se were detected in the hair of healthy centenarians living in typical Chinese longevity region, and the influences of physiological conditions and behavior on the concentrations of REE and Se were assessed. The average values of light RE (LRE) and heavy RE (HRE) are 31.87 and 11.12 ng/g. Female centenarians had higher concentrations of lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), yttrium (Y), and Se but lower levels of cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu). Except for Ce, the higher the age, the lower the REE and Se content were. Smoking was positively associated with Dy, Er, and Yb levels, whereas drinking habits showed no significant effect on all the elements. Elderly individuals who ate smoked and pickled food and who consumed high amounts of salt had higher levels of REE and Se in their hair, and centenarians who consumed egg and milk had higher Se and REE in the hair than did the non-eaters. This comprehensive study on the REE and Se concentrations among the healthy centenarians can provide scientific support for shaping a healthy aging society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hairong Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yuefeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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24
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Protano C, Astolfi ML, Marconi E, Antonucci A, Canepari S, Piamonti D, Brunori M, Vitali M. Occupational Exposure Assessment of Major and Trace Elements in Human Scalp Hair Among a Group of Eritrean Workers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:89-100. [PMID: 31792772 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01988-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate occupational exposure to 40 elements among a group of Eritrean adults employed at the Medeber metal market by analysing human scalp hair samples and by investigating the role of some predictors (gender, age, and body mass index-BMI) on their levels. Scalp hair samples were collected from 60 subjects (32 subjects working at the Medeber metal market and 28 subjects not working at Medeber and not employed in other industrial or artisanal activities) and were analysed through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the contents of 40 major and trace elements. Information on participants was collected via questionnaire. Significant differences were found in the hair levels of certain elements between subjects working at the Medeber metal market and subjects not exposed. In particular, working at the Medeber metal market increased hair levels of Be, B, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb, and Fe from 25 to 100%, while reduced Na, K, and Rb levels from 30 to 50%. With multivariate adjustment for age, gender, and BMI, the results confirm that working at Medeber significantly increased the hair levels of Cu, Zn, Sb, Pb, and Fe. This finding reveals the need for more accurate and routine biomonitoring surveys and the necessity of health promotion campaigns both for local decision-makers and workers to increase health promotion and safety in this workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Protano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Astolfi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marconi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Antonucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Piamonti
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anaesthesiology and Geriatric Science, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Brunori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anaesthesiology and Geriatric Science, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Vitali
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Bauer JA, Devick KL, Bobb JF, Coull BA, Bellinger D, Benedetti C, Cagna G, Fedrighi C, Guazzetti S, Oppini M, Placidi D, Webster TF, White RF, Yang Q, Zoni S, Wright RO, Smith DR, Lucchini RG, Claus Henn B. Associations of a Metal Mixture Measured in Multiple Biomarkers with IQ: Evidence from Italian Adolescents Living near Ferroalloy Industry. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:97002. [PMID: 32897104 PMCID: PMC7478128 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the health effects of chemical mixtures has focused mainly on early life rather than adolescence, a potentially important developmental life stage. OBJECTIVES We examined associations of a metal mixture with general cognition in a cross-sectional study of adolescents residing near ferromanganese industry, a source of airborne metals emissions. METHODS We measured manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr) in hair, blood, urine, nails, and saliva from 635 Italian adolescents 10-14 years of age. Full-scale, verbal, and performance intelligence quotient (FSIQ, VIQ, PIQ) scores were assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III. Multivariable linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to estimate associations of the metal mixture with IQ. In secondary analyses, we used BKMR's hierarchical variable selection option to inform biomarker selection for Mn, Cu, and Cr. RESULTS Median metal concentrations were as follows: hair Mn, 0.08 μ g / g ; hair Cu, 9.6 μ g / g ; hair Cr, 0.05 μ g / g ; and blood Pb, 1.3 μ g / dL . Adjusted models revealed an inverted U-shaped association between hair Cu and VIQ, consistent with Cu as an essential nutrient that is neurotoxic in excess. At low levels of hair Cu (10th percentile, 5.4 μ g / g ), higher concentrations (90th percentiles) of the mixture of Mn, Pb, and Cr (0.3 μ g / g , 2.6 μ g / dL , and 0.1 μ g / g , respectively) were associated with a 2.9 (95% CI: - 5.2 , - 0.5 )-point decrease in VIQ score, compared with median concentrations of the mixture. There was suggestive evidence of interaction between Mn and Cu. In secondary analyses, saliva Mn, hair Cu, and saliva Cr were selected as the biomarkers most strongly associated with VIQ score. DISCUSSION Higher adolescent levels of Mn, Pb, and Cr were associated with lower IQ scores, especially at low Cu levels. Findings also support further investigation into Cu as both beneficial and toxic for neurobehavioral outcomes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6803.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Bauer
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katrina L. Devick
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Jennifer F. Bobb
- Biostatistics Unit, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Bellinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chiara Benedetti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Thomas F. Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roberta F. White
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Donald R. Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Noreen F, Sajjad A, Mahmood K, Anwar M, Zahra M, Waseem A. Human Biomonitoring of Trace Elements in Scalp Hair from Healthy Population of Pakistan. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:37-46. [PMID: 31654255 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study deals with the assessment of essential trace and toxic elements in biological samples (scalp hair) of healthy smoker and non-smoker residents of Lahore (the second most populous city), Pakistan. Human biomonitoring of various trace elements like zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) was evaluated in human hair samples of smokers and non-smokers (males and females) as per IFCC criteria. For the purpose of comparison, scalp hair samples of age- and sex-equivalent healthy persons were also analyzed. The results of this study show that the concentrations (P95 values) of As (0.17, 0.81, and 0.91 μg/g), Cd (2.80, 3.81, and 3.16 μg/g), Cr (4.1, 4.2, and 5.3 μg/g), Cu (20.0, 21.0, and 21.9 μg/g), Ni (3.9, 4.6, and 4.3 μg/g), Pb (4.0, 4.8, and 5.0 μg/g), and Fe (49.0, 49.0, and 59.3 μg/g) were significantly higher in scalp hair samples of smokers than in referents, for various age groups (16-32 years, 33-50 years, and 51-62 years), respectively. The concentrations of Zn (165, 163, and 173 μg/g various age groups, respectively) in similar age group were found lower in the scalp hair samples of smokers than referents. Exposure of high toxic metal level through smoking and deficiency of Zn could be synergistic with the risk factors associated with the use of tobacco. Correlation studies for the elements in cigarette with the elements in scalp hair of male smokers show a highly positive correlation between Cr-Cd, Cr-Ni, Cu-Fe, and Ni-Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Noreen
- PCSIR Labs Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Ashif Sajjad
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Zahra
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Waseem
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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27
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Chun JL, Bang HT, Ji SY, Jeong JY, Kim M, Kim B, Lee SD, Lee YK, Reddy KE, Kim KH. Comparison of sample preparation procedures of inductively coupled plasma to measure elements in dog's hair. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:58-63. [PMID: 32082599 PMCID: PMC7008124 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.1.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The pre-treatment condition affects on the element analysis of inductively
coupled plasma (ICP). In this study the pre-treatment condition of ICP has been
studied to quantify elements in dog’s hair. The hair samples were
collected from twelve female Beagles by clipping them into 1 or 2 cm at the back
neck. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements in hairs were
performed by using ICP. By ICP nine elements were qualitatively detected and
quantitatively analyzed (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, Se, Zn). The measured amounts
of elements were compared between 3 step and 2 step procedures which were with
and without the acetone based washing step. The quantitative analysis showed
that the concentrations of K, Na, P, and Se were significantly decreased in hair
samples with acetone-based washing (p < 0.005 or 0.001)
unlike those without the acetone-based washing. It implied that some minerals
are lost by the acetone based washing during the sample preparation step.
Therefore, the acetone based washing process is not suitable for quantifying
elements in dog’s hair. In addition, the results of qualitative and
quantitative analysis were compared. Although there was a difference in absolute
values of elemental contents in hair, the results of qualitative and
quantitative analysis were significantly correlated each other. This finding
suggested that the results of qualitative analysis can be used to monitor
elemental contents in dog’s hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Lan Chun
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Han Tae Bang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Ji
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jin Young Jeong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Byeonghyeon Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sung Dae Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Yoo Kyung Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Kondreddy Eswar Reddy
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
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28
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Tehrani MW, Yang KX, Parsons PJ. Development and characterization of reference materials for trace element analysis of keratinized matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1847-1861. [PMID: 32020317 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring for human exposure to lead, arsenic, mercury, and other toxic metal(loid)s often relies on analyzing traditional biospecimens such as blood and urine. While biomonitoring based on blood and urine is well-established, non-traditional biospecimens such as hair and nails can offer the potential to explore past exposures as well as the advantages of non-invasive collection and ease of storage. The present study describes the production of four reference materials (NYS RMs 18-01 through 18-04) based on caprine horn, a keratinized tissue similar to human hair and nails, intended to serve as a resource for calibration, quality control, and method validation purposes. The elemental content and homogeneity of these candidate reference materials were characterized for 17 elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Commutability between two or more of the NYS caprine horn RMs and human nails was established for 8 elements (Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn) based on analysis by ICP-MS/MS and ICP-optical emission spectrometry. The development and optimization of an ICP-MS/MS instrumental method for the determination of 17 elements in keratinized tissues is described. The method was validated against three certified reference materials based on human hair showing good accuracy and method repeatability better than 25% for all analytes. This study also describes sample preparation issues and addresses common challenges including surface contamination, microwave digestion, matrix effects, and spectral interferences in inorganic mass spectrometry. New York State Department of Health Keratin Matrix Reference Materials. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina W Tehrani
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, PO Box 509, Albany, NY, 12201, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Karl X Yang
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, PO Box 509, Albany, NY, 12201, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, PO Box 509, Albany, NY, 12201, USA. .,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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29
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Li L, Zhang Y, Ippolito JA, Xing W, Qiu K, Yang H. Lead smelting effects heavy metal concentrations in soils, wheat, and potentially humans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113641. [PMID: 31767230 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations and distribution in soil, wheat, and the potential for human heavy metal accumulation near a Pb smelting affected area were investigated. Farm land soil, wheat grain and scalp hair samples were collected from three villages (named QD, GF and BS) with increasing distance from a large Pb smelter in China. Soil Cd and Pb concentrations exceeded national standards 46-100% of the time, depending on location. Soil and wheat grain Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations increased as distance to the smelter decreased. Similarly, greater Cd, Cu and Pb concentrations were present in human scalp hair for those residents living closest to the smelter. Decreasing trends existed for hair-to-wheat grain ratios for Cd and Pb as distance to the smelter increased. Results suggest that as distance to the smelter decreases, human heavy metal absorption via the consumption of metal-contaminated food products (e.g., wheat) increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- School of Chemistry and the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - James A Ippolito
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1170, USA
| | - Weiqin Xing
- School of Chemistry and the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Kunyan Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Remediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soils of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan, 459000, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Chemistry and the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
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Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Aaseth J, Ajsuvakova OP, Aschner M, Skalny AV. Aluminium levels in hair and urine are associated with overweight and obesity in a non-occupationally exposed population. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 56:139-145. [PMID: 31470247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the association between aluminium (Al) exposure and obesity and/or metabolic syndrome are insufficient. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between hair and urine Al levels and obesity. METHODS A total of 206 lean and 205 obese non-occupationally exposed subjects (30-50 y.o.) were enrolled in the study. Hair and urine Al levels were assessed with ICP-MS. Laboratory quality control was performed using the certified reference materials of human hair, plasma, and urine. RESULTS Hair and urinary Al levels in obese subjects were significantly higher by 31% and 46% compared to the control levels, respectively. The presence of hypertension (41% cases), atherosclerosis (8%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (10%), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (53%) in obese patients were not associated with Al levels in the studied subjects. An overall multiple regression model established urinary Al levels (β = 0.395; p < 0.001), hypertension (β = 0.331; p < 0.001) and NAFLD (β = 0.257; p = 0.003) were significantly and directly associated with BMI. Hair Al levels were found to be border-line significantly related to BMI after adjustment for several confounders (β = -0.205; p = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS Aluminium body burden is associated with increased body weight, although the causal relationship between Al exposure and obesity is not clear. Both clinical and experimental studies are required to further investigate the impact of Al exposure on metabolic parameters in obesity and especially direct effects of Al in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia.
| | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Jan Aaseth
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Innlandet Hospital Trust, Kongsvinger, Postboks 104, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Postboks 400, 2418, Norway
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, 10461, USA
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 19c1, 119146, Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, 460000, Orenburg, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklay St., 10/2, Moscow 117198, Russia
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Semenova Y, Zhunussov Y, Pivina L, Abisheva A, Tinkov A, Belikhina T, Skalny A, Zhanaspayev M, Bulegenov T, Glushkova N, Lipikhina A, Dauletyarova M, Zhunussova T, Bjørklund G. Trace element biomonitoring in hair and blood of occupationally unexposed population residing in polluted areas of East Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 56:31-37. [PMID: 31442951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eastern and North-Eastern regions of Kazakhstan are considered to be environmentally disadvantaged due to industrial pollution and activity of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site. Ferrous metallurgy is represented by the world's largest ferroalloy plant located in Aksu. In addition to a ferroalloy plant, Aksu is the home for the largest thermal power plant in Kazakhstan. OBJECTIVE Biomonitoring of 31 hair and blood trace elements (Ag, Ba, Be, Bi, Cs, Co, Ce, Cr, Cu, Eu, Gd, Hf, In, La, Li, Mn, Mo, Nb, Nd, Pb, Sc, Sn, Tl, Th, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn, and Zr) in non-occupationally exposed population residing in polluted areas of East Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions. METHODS Five case groups, residing in the vicinity to the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (Akzhar, Borodulikha, and Karaul) or in proximity to industrial plants (Aksu and Ust-Kamenogorsk) have been assessed vs. controls from a rural settlement in Kurchum. In total, 204 hair and blood samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS The observed blood concentrations of trace elements were in agreement with earlier studies on residents of industrially polluted areas. Elevated levels of blood Ba, Mn, Pb, V, and Zn were detected in residents of Aksu and Ust-Kamenogorsk. The elemental composition of head hair was characterized by greater stability between the study sites. CONCLUSION Residency near the former Semipalatinsk Test Site could be considered as safe, while the environmental status of industrial settlements appears to be rather adverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Semenova
- Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan; CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan; CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Alexey Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Belikhina
- Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan; CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Anatoly Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
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Hu L, Fernandez DP, Cerling TE. Trace element concentrations in horn: Endogenous levels in keratin and susceptibility to exogenous contamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124443. [PMID: 31377593 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a recorder containing both physiological and environmental information, keratinized tissues, such as hair and feather, can be used to reveal geographical information, to monitor the exposure to pollutants, and to reconstruct dietary history. However, trace element analysis of keratinized tissues is complicated by the lack of reference endogenous ranges of trace element and the lack of understanding of the susceptibility of each element to exogenous contamination. The interior of animal horn is the cleanest of all keratinized tissues with minimum exogenous contamination because of its large size. Thus, the trace element concentrations in horn interior samples can provide reliable endogenous concentration ranges. Here we measured the concentrations of trace elements in horn interior samples of cattle and wild animals, which we propose to be used as the reference ranges for endogenous levels of trace elements in keratin. We calculated the enrichment factors of 30 trace elements in horn interior samples relative to the continental crust, which we considered the average exogenous contamination. We compared the ranges of elemental concentrations measured in horn interior samples, in the order of decreasing enrichment factor, to their reference ranges in hair, fingernails, and toenails, as well as their concentrations in caprine horns. Such comparison validates the use of the enrichment factor as an indicator of the susceptibility of an element to contamination: an element with a high enrichment factor is generally less likely to be affected by contamination and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihai Hu
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Diego P Fernandez
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thure E Cerling
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; IsoForensics, Inc., 423 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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Links between Cognitive Status and Trace Element Levels in Hair for an Environmentally Exposed Population: A Case Study in the Surroundings of the Estarreja Industrial Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224560. [PMID: 31752166 PMCID: PMC6888438 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, trace elements (TE) levels were evaluated in scalp hair along the continuum from healthy subjects (HS) to patients suffering from subjective memory concerns (SMC), and/or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and those with already installed dementia (DEM) in order to: (i) assess the effects of environmental and lifestyle factors on TE concentrations and (ii) evaluate the analyzed elements as possible diagnostic biomarkers for the disease. The study involved 79 mainly permanent residents, >55 years old, from the city of Estarreja (northern Portugal), a former industrial area. The health status of the participants was assessed by means of a complete socio-demographic questionnaire and through cognitive screening tests, namely the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The test scores were categorized and used in the statistical analysis. Hair samples were collected and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) ICP-MS for selected TE. Dementia appears to be associated with higher age, the female gender, lower education level, and longer residence time in the study area. In addition, most of the participants diagnosed with dementia frequently consume home-grown foodstuffs, some irrigated with contaminated well water. The calculation of the TE enrichment factors of soil samples collected in kitchen gardens/small farms in the vicinity of the Estarreja Chemical Complex (ECC) reinforces the degree of Hg soil contamination in the area, due to anthropogenic sources that can be a source for the population Hg exposure route among others. Mercury levels in hair differed significantly between the four individual groups (HS, SMC, MCI, and DEM), increasing from healthy to dementia participants. Improved diagnostic results can be obtained using hair TE signatures coupled with MMSE scores. This strategy may prove useful for predictive diagnosis in population screening for cognitive impairment.
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Verrey D, Durand S, Thomas O, Lelévrier V, Quénel P, Le Bot B. A new washing procedure for inorganic element analysis of hair. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2019; 29:706-717. [PMID: 30670772 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-018-0112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hair incorporates chemical compounds from the bloodstream and external sources as it grows. Different analytical procedures are proposed, but no consensus can be found for external contamination removal (washing stage). Thus, a major limitation of the use of hair analysis for human biomonitoring is the issue related to the washing efficiency, and the objective of this study was to propose a simple washing method for a better cleaning of external contamination. Based on a sequence of three steps of detergent or acid washing (Triton, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid), the TNCl method was tested on raw and spiked samples and compared to other methods. Thirty-seven inorganic elements were analyzed by inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) after washing and acid digestion of 10 hair samples (Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, V, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, N, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Ru, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Lu, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U). The inorganic element concentrations in the hair samples were compared to those reported in the literature. The TNCl method was shown to be more efficient than other methods based on the use of surfactants and organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Verrey
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France
| | - Séverine Durand
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France
| | - Olivier Thomas
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France
| | - Vanessa Lelévrier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France
| | - Philippe Quénel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France
| | - Barbara Le Bot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35043, France.
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Król E, Bogdański P, Suliburska J, Krejpcio Z. The Relationship between Dietary, Serum and Hair Levels of Minerals (Fe, Zn, Cu) and Glucose Metabolism Indices in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:34-44. [PMID: 30091069 PMCID: PMC6443611 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Zn, Fe and Cu in the serum and hair, and dietary intake of type 2 diabetic patients and their association with glucose and lipid indices. The study was conducted on 62 people aged 40-78 years (31 diabetic patients and 31 healthy subjects, who were the control group). The content of trace elements in the hair and serum was analysed with the AAS method. The serum insulin, HbA1c, glucose, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were measured by means of RIA, HPLC and colorimetric methods, respectively. The diabetic patients were found to have significantly higher dietary iron intake, higher hair Fe and lower serum Zn concentrations than the non-diabetic subjects, while the hair Zn and Cu contents were comparable in both groups. The serum Zn and Cu levels of the diabetic subjects were negatively correlated with the serum glucose, the serum Zn and Cu/Zn ratio was inversely correlated with the serum total cholesterol and the serum insulin level was positively associated with the hair Cu/Zn ratio. The results of this study indicate that the trace element status (Zn, Fe, Cu), as reflected in the blood serum and hair, may be disturbed due to metabolic derangement occurring in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Król
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego, 60-624, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Krejpcio
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
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Jones SL, Campbell B, Hart T. Laboratory tests commonly used in complementary and alternative medicine: a review of the evidence. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:310-325. [PMID: 30813740 DOI: 10.1177/0004563218824622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
It is increasingly easy for the general public to access a wide range of laboratory tests. Tests can be ordered online with little or no input from a health professional. The complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) community promote and sell a wide range of tests, many of which are of dubious clinical significance. Many have little or no clinical utility and have been widely discredited, whilst others are established tests that are used for unvalidated purposes. They range from the highly complex, employing state of the art technology, e.g. heavy metal analysis using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, to the rudimentary, e.g. live blood cell analysis. Results of 'CAM tests' are often accompanied by extensive clinical interpretations which may recommend, or be used to justify, unnecessary or harmful treatments. There are now a small number of laboratories across the globe that specialize in CAM testing. Some CAM laboratories operate completely outside of any accreditation programme whilst others are fully accredited to the standard of established clinical laboratories. In this review, we explore CAM testing in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia with a focus on the common tests on offer, how they are reported, the evidence base for their clinical application and the regulations governing their use. We will also review proposed changed to in-vitro diagnostic device regulations and how these might impact on CAM testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart L Jones
- 1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King George's Hospital, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Tanya Hart
- 3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Association of copper levels in the hair with gray matter volume, mean diffusivity, and cognitive functions. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1203-1217. [PMID: 30656448 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although copper plays a critical role in normal brain functions and development, it is known that excess copper causes toxicity. Here we investigated the associations of copper levels in the hair with regional gray matter volume (rGMV), mean diffusivity (MD), and cognitive differences in a study cohort of 924 healthy young adults. Our findings showed that high copper levels were associated mostly with low cognitive abilities (low scores on the intelligence test consisting of complex speed tasks, involving reasoning task, a complex arithmetic task, and a reading comprehension task) as well as lower reverse Stroop interference, high rGMV over widespread areas of the brain [mainly including the bilateral lateral and medial parietal cortices, medial temporal structures (amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus), middle cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, insula, perisylvian areas, inferior temporal lobe, temporal pole, occipital lobes, and supplementary motor area], as well as high MD of the right substantia nigra and bilateral hippocampus, which are indicative of low density in brain tissues. These results suggest that copper levels are associated with mostly aberrant cognitive functions, greater rGMV in extensive areas, greater MD (which are indicative of low density in brain tissues) in subcortical structures in the healthy young adults, possibly reflecting copper's complex roles in neural mechanisms.
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Statistical resolutions for large variabilities in hair mineral analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208816. [PMID: 30586366 PMCID: PMC6306225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring biomaterials is usually subject to error. Measurement errors are classified into either random errors or biases. Random errors can be well controlled using appropriate statistical methods. But, biases due to unknown, unobserved, or temporary causes, may lead to biased conclusions. This study describes a verification method to examine whether measurement errors are random or not and to determine efficient statistical methods. A number of studies have dealt with associations between hair minerals and exposures such as health, dietary or environmental conditions. Most review papers, however, emphasize the necessity for validation of hair mineral measurements, since large variations can cause highly variable results. To address these issues, we answer the following questions:
How can we ascertain the reliability of measurements? How can we assess and control the variability of measurements? How do we efficiently determine associations between hair minerals and exposures? How can we concisely present the reference values?
Since hair minerals all have distinctive natures, it would be unproductive to examine each mineral individually to find significant and consistent answers that apply to all minerals. To surmount this difficulty, we used one simple model for all minerals to explore quantitative answers. Hair mineral measurements of six-year-old children were analyzed based on the statistical model. The analysis verified that most of the measurements were reliable, and their inter-individual variations followed two-parameter distributions. These results allow for sophisticated study designs and efficient statistical methods to examine the effects of various kinds of exposures on hair minerals.
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Dudek-Adamska D, Lech T, Konopka T, Kościelniak P. Chromium in Postmortem Material. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:370-378. [PMID: 29667120 PMCID: PMC6208851 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the negative effects caused by the presence and constant increase in concentration of heavy metals in the environment, as well as to the determination of their content in human biological samples. In this paper, the concentration of chromium in samples of blood and internal organs collected at autopsy from 21 female and 39 male non-occupationally exposed subjects is presented. Elemental analysis was carried out by an electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. Reference ranges of chromium in the blood, brain, stomach, liver, kidneys, lungs, and heart (wet weight) in the population of Southern Poland were found to be 0.11-16.4 ng/mL, 4.7-136 ng/g, 6.1-76.4 ng/g, 11-506 ng/g, 2.9-298 ng/g, 13-798 ng/g, and 3.6-320 ng/g, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Dudek-Adamska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Teresa Lech
- Institute of Forensic Research, Westerplatte 9, 31-033 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Konopka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegórzecka 6, 31-531 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Kościelniak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Hu L, Fernandez DP, Cerling TE. Longitudinal and transverse variation of trace element concentrations in elephant and giraffe hair: implication for endogenous and exogenous contributions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:644. [PMID: 30338407 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of trace elements in hair is highly heterogeneous at the microscale. The relatively mild spatial variation of endogenous signal incorporated during hair growth may be amplified by orders of magnitude due to later exogenous contaminations. Here, we studied the longitudinal and transverse distributions of trace elements in elephant and giraffe hair and discussed the possible endogenous and exogenous contributions. Laser ablation ICP-MS analyses were performed on cross sections of hair to assess the surface contamination and transverse variation. We also removed the contaminated surface layer at various distances from hair root of single hair strands using physical abrasion and measured the concentrations by microwave digestion followed by ICP-MS. By comparing the concentrations of 11 trace elements between the intact and abraded hair segments as a function of distance from root and their laser ablation profiles, we rationalized the endogenous and exogenous contributions: Al and Ti concentrations are dominated by the exogenous contamination on the elephant hair surface, probably in the form of insoluble particles, but not in the giraffe hair; Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Mn are enhanced on the elephant hair surface by exogenous contaminations, but a comparable amount was found in the hair interior suggesting migration of these elements from the surface towards the core; Cu, Zn, Se, and Pb did not have surface accumulation and thus were dominated by the endogenous signal. Overall, giraffe hair had minimal surficial contamination, suggesting the origin of its trace elements is predominantly endogenous, except for Mn, which might get contaminated with airborne particles. We thus demonstrate that contamination of hair may be strongly related to behavioral traits and that the interpretation of trace elemental analyses in hair as a biomonitor or for provenance studies would be highly dependent on the species considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihai Hu
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Diego P Fernandez
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thure E Cerling
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- IsoForensics, Inc., 423 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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Eqani SAMAS, Tanveer ZI, Qiaoqiao C, Cincinelli A, Saqib Z, Mulla SI, Ali N, Katsoyiannis IA, Shafqat MN, Shen H. Occurrence of selected elements (Ti, Sr, Ba, V, Ga, Sn, Tl, and Sb) in deposited dust and human hair samples: implications for human health in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:12234-12245. [PMID: 29022181 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study determined, for the first time, the levels of titanium (Ti), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), vanadium (V), gallium (Ga), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl), and antinomy (Sb), in deposited dust, and human hair collected from general population of different geographical areas of Pakistan. All the samples were prepared by microwave digestion and measured by ICP-MS. The results showed that on deposited dust samples, the detected elements followed the descending trend as: Ti > Sr > Ba > V > Ga > Sn > Tl > Sb similar to the upper continental crust. The deposited dust samples from low elevation areas exhibited highest levels of all studied elements (except antimony which was higher in soil samples from mountainous areas), followed by rive plains, mountainous areas, and highland valleys. In contrast, on human hair samples, the elements followed the descending trend as: Sr > Ba > Ti > Ga > V > Sn > Sb > Tl respectively. Ba, Ga, and V concentrations were higher in soil samples from lower elevation Indus plain, and Sr, Tl, Sb, and Ti were higher in samples from mountainous areas. The bioaccumulation trend of all studied elements was in descending order as follows: Sb, Ga, Sn, Ba, Sr, Ti, V, Tl, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation matrix evidenced both geological influences and anthropogenic activities as potential sources of these studied elements. On the other hand, the risk estimation (HI > 1) concluded that population were at higher health risk (non-carcinogenic) for Ga and Ti. All other studied rare elements were within safe limit for humans from all zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China.
- Public health and Environment Division, Department of Biosciences, COMSAT Institute of Information & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Chi Qiaoqiao
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Zafeer Saqib
- Department of Environmental sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Public health and Environment Division, Department of Biosciences, COMSAT Institute of Information & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ali
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ioannis A Katsoyiannis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Mustafa Nawaz Shafqat
- Public health and Environment Division, Department of Biosciences, COMSAT Institute of Information & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Heqing Shen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
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Kučera J, Kameník J, Havránek V. Hair elemental analysis for forensic science using nuclear and related analytical methods. Forensic Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ilyas A, Shah MH. Chemometric Evaluation of Elemental Imbalances in the Scalp Hair of Valvular Heart Disease Patients in Comparison with Healthy Donors. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 181:10-21. [PMID: 28447188 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study deals with the plausible association between the trace elemental imbalances and the emergence of valvular heart disease (VHD). A total of 14 elements including Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Sr and Zn in the scalp hair of VHD patients and healthy donors were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrophometry employing wet acid digestion methodology. Median levels of Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Sr in the scalp hair of patients were significantly higher compared to those of the healthy donors, while the median concentrations of K and Na were found to be considerably higher in the scalp hair of the healthy donors. In addition, substantially elevated Cu/Zn value in patients indicated the prevalence of inflammatory processes inside the body. The correlation coefficients among the elements in the hair of VHD patients were significantly diverse compared to those of the healthy donors. Multivariate statistical methods showed noticeably dissimilar apportionment of the elements in the two groups. Variations in the elemental levels were also observed with gender, habitat, dietary/smoking habits and occupations of both donor groups. Overall, the study revealed significant imbalances among the essential and toxic elements in the scalp hair of VHD patients compared to those of the healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Ilyas
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Munir H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Elemental hair analysis: A review of procedures and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 992:1-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tippairote T, Temviriyanukul P, Benjapong W, Trachootham D. Hair Zinc and Severity of Symptoms Are Increased in Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: a Hair Multi-Element Profile Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:185-194. [PMID: 28251481 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Determination of bioelement levels in hair is an emerging non-invasive approach for screening bioelement deposition. However, the role of essential bioelement levels in hair and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) risk or severity is largely unknown. In this study, we have compared multi-element hair profiles between healthy and ADHD Thai children. In addition, the correlations between bioelements and ADHD symptoms according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, diagnostic criteria were identified. A case-control study was conducted in 111 Thai children (45 newly diagnosed ADHD and 66 matched healthy), aged 3-7 years, living in Bangkok and suburban areas. Levels of 39 bioelements in hair were measured by ICP-MS. Among the analyzed bioelements, Cu/Zn and P/Zn ratios in ADHD children were significantly lower than those in healthy children. Indeed, increased hair Zn level was correlated with more symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and total ADHD symptoms. Higher Zn content was also associated with being female and older age. Furthermore, Zn in hair was positively correlated with levels of Ca, Mg, and P; however, it showed a negative correlation with Al, As, Fe, and Mo. These findings warrant further confirmation in a large-scale study. Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) study ID: 20151113001.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Wenika Benjapong
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Dunyaporn Trachootham
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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Qayyum MA, Shah MH. Study of trace metal imbalances in the blood, scalp hair and nails of oral cancer patients from Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 593-594:191-201. [PMID: 28343039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is an important cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally and exposure to trace metals alongside tobacco, alcohol and HPV are the important etiological factors in its development. Selected essential and toxic trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured in the blood, scalp hair and nails of oral cancer patients and counterpart controls by atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean concentrations of Cd, Ni and Pb were found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) and those of Cu, Fe and Zn were considerably lower in the blood, scalp hair and nails of the patients than the controls. Most of the metal concentrations exhibited higher dispersion and asymmetry in the blood, scalp hair and nails of the patients compared with the controls. The correlation study revealed significantly diverse relationships among the metals in blood, scalp hair and nails of both donor groups. Variations in the metal levels were also noted for various stages (I, II, III & IV) as well as the types (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) of oral cancer. Multivariate cluster analysis of the metal levels in the patients were also significantly dissimilar than the controls. The study evidenced considerably divergent variations in the metal levels in oral cancer patients in comparison with the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munir H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Nieboer E, Martin ID, Liberda EN, Dewailly E, Robinson E, Tsuji LJS. Body burdens, sources and interrelations of selected toxic and essential elements among the nine Cree First Nations of Eeyou Istchee, James Bay region of northern Quebec, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:727-741. [PMID: 28418431 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND this article constitutes a report on the comprehensive Nituuchischaayihtitaau Aschii multi-community environment-and-health study conducted among the Cree peoples (Eeyouch) of northern Quebec, Canada. OBJECTIVES to interpret observed concentrations of a suite of chemical elements in a multi-media biological monitoring study in terms of sources and predictors. METHODS the concentrations of 5 essential and 6 toxic chemical elements were measured in whole blood, and/or in urine or hair by ICP-MS. Concentrations of essential elements are compared to those considered normal (i.e., required for good health) and, when toxic, deemed acceptable at specified concentrations in public health guidelines. Their dependence on age, sex, the specific community lived-in and diet were explored employing multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) involving new variables generated by principle component analysis (PCA) and correspondence analysis (CA). RESULTS the 5 most prominent PCA axes explained 67.7% of the variation, compared to 93.0% by 6 main CA factors. Concentrations of the essential elements in whole blood (WB) and iodine(i) and arsenic (As) in urine were comparable to those reported in the recent Canadian Health Measures survey and are assigned to dietary sources. By contrast, WB cadmium (Cd) was elevated even when smoking was considered. Mercury (Hg) concentrations in WB and hair were also higher in adults, although comparable to those observed for other indigenous populations living at northern latitudes. Fish consumption was identified as the prominent source. Of the 5 coastal communities, all but one had lower Hg exposures than the four inland communities, presumably reflecting the type of fish consumed. Use of firearms and smoking were correlated with WB-lead (Pb). The concentrations of both Hg and Pb increased with age and were higher in men, while WB-Cd and smoking prevalence were higher in women when considering all communities. Hg and Pb were low in children and women of reproductive age, with few exceedances of health guidelines. Although individuals with T2D had somewhat lower WB-Cd, there is some indication that Cd may potentiate renal dysfunction in this subgroup. Plots of selected CA axes grouped those elements expected to be in a normal diet and distinguished them from those with well-known unique sources (especially Hg and As in hair; and Hg, Pb and Cd in WB). CONCLUSIONS the use of multiple biological media in conjunction with the complementary PCA and CA approaches for constructing composite variables allowed a more detailed understanding of both the sources of the essential and toxic elements in body fluids and the dependencies of their observed concentrations on age, sex, community and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evert Nieboer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Skalny AV, Kaminskaya GA, Krekesheva TI, Abikenova SK, Skalnaya MG, Berezkina ES, Grabeklis AR, Tinkov AA. The level of toxic and essential trace elements in hair of petrochemical workers involved in different technological processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5576-5584. [PMID: 28035605 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the investigation is comparative analysis of hair trace element content in workers of different departments of petrochemical plant. A total of 75 men working in office (engineers), and departments 1 (D1), 3 (D3), and 4 (D4) of the petrochemical plant, as well as occupationally non-exposed persons, were examined. Hair trace element levels were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The office workers were characterized by the highest hair As, Hg, Sn, I, and Si content as compared to the workers of other departments, whereas the level of those elements did not differ significantly from the control values. It is notable that hair Be levels in all employees of petrochemical plant were significantly lower, whereas Se content was significantly higher than that in unexposed controls. Hair toxic trace element content in workers directly involved in industrial processes did not differ significantly or was lower than that in the control group. At the same time, the highest levels of essential trace elements (Cr, Fe, and I) were observed in employees working in primary oil refining (D1). Hair levels of Co, I, and Li were maximal in persons of sulfur and bitumen-producing division (D4). The lowest levels of both essential and toxic trace elements in hair were detected in employees involved in production of liquefied gas, kerosene, and diesel fuel (D3). The obtained data demonstrate that involvement in different technological processes in petrochemical complex differentially affect hair trace element content in workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow, Russia
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
- RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Berezkina
- RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei R Grabeklis
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
- Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia.
- RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
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Waseem A, Arshad J. A review of Human Biomonitoring studies of trace elements in Pakistan. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 163:153-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Abbruzzo A, Tamburo E, Varrica D, Dongarrà G, Mineo A. Penalized linear discriminant analysis and Discrete AdaBoost to distinguish human hair metal profiles: The case of adolescents residing near Mt. Etna. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 153:100-106. [PMID: 27015569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The research focus of the present paper was twofold. First, we tried to document that human intake of trace elements is influenced by geological factors of the place of residence. Second, we showed that the elemental composition of human hair is a useful screening tool for assessing people's exposure to potentially toxic substances. For this purpose, we used samples of human hair from adolescents and applied two robust statistical approaches. Samples from two distinct geological and environmental sites were collected: the first one was characterized by the presence of the active volcano Mt. Etna (ETNA group) and the second one lithologically made up of sedimentary rocks (SIC group). Chemical data were statistically processed by Penalized Linear Discriminant Analysis (pLDA) and Discrete AdaBoost (DAB). The separation between the two groups turned out well, with few overlaps accounting for less than 5%. The chemical variables that better distinguished ETNA group from SIC group were As, Cd, Co, Li, Mo, Rb, Sr, U and V. Both pLDA and DAB allowed us to characterize the elements most closely related to the volcanic contribution (As, U and V) and those (Cd, Co, Li, Mo, Rb and Sr) prevalently influenced by the geology of the area where SIC samples were collected. We conclude that the geological characteristics of the area of residence constitute a key factor in influencing the potential exposure to trace elements. Hair analysis coupled with robust statistical methods can be effectively used as a screening procedure to identify areas at great environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abbruzzo
- Dip. Scienze Economiche, Aziendali e Statistiche (SEAS), Viale delle Scienze Ed. 13, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - E Tamburo
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - D Varrica
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - G Dongarrà
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - A Mineo
- Dip. Scienze Economiche, Aziendali e Statistiche (SEAS), Viale delle Scienze Ed. 13, 90100 Palermo, Italy
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