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Zierfuss B, Karlinger A, Bojic M, Koppensteiner R, Schernthaner GH, Höbaus C. Urinary vanin-1 as a novel biomarker for survival in peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2024:1358863X241240428. [PMID: 38607943 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x241240428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is associated with increased rates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality in lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). No specific marker for a functional risk assessment of kidney disease in PAD is known, especially at the early stages. Thus, we speculated that urinary vanin-1 (uVNN1), a marker of oxidative stress even in early kidney injury, could further stratify outcome assessment in patients with PAD. METHODS Patients with stable PAD (n = 304) of the Vienna medical cohort were followed up for up to 10 years and the outcome was assessed by central death database queries. uVNN1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at study inclusion and normalized to urinary creatinine (uVNN1/Cr). During the observation time (9.3, 7.0-9.8 years), 104 patients died, 54.8% of which were due to cardiovascular causes. RESULTS uVNN1/Cr was associated with a urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) (R = 0.166, p = 0.004) but not with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (R = 0.102, p = 0.077). Levels of uVNN1/Cr did not differ between asymptomatic and symptomatic PAD (p = 0.406). Kaplan-Meier curves showed a clear-cut association with higher all-cause (log-rank p = 0.034) and cardiovascular mortality (log-rank p = 0.032) with higher uVNN1/Cr levels. Similarly, significant associations for all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% CI [1.08-1.67], p = 0.009) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.45, 95% CI [1.06-1.99], p = 0.020) could be seen in multivariable Cox regression models. CONCLUSIONS uVNN1/Cr showed an independent association with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with PAD and was associated with early kidney disease. Thus, uVNN1 could be a useful marker for risk stratification of kidney disease in PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Zierfuss
- Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Karlinger
- Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marija Bojic
- 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Clemens Höbaus
- Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Xu L, Wang Z, Liu S, Wei Z, Yu J, Li J, Li J, Yao W, Gu Z. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the Vanin-1 gene in the Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line and its effects on lipid metabolism. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:437-450. [PMID: 37946431 PMCID: PMC10915194 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vanin-1 (VNN1) is a pantetheinase that catalyses the hydrolysis of pantetheine to produce pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Our previous studies have shown that the VNN1 is specifically expressed in chicken liver which negatively regulated by microRNA-122. However, the functions of the VNN1 in lipid metabolism in chicken liver haven't been elucidated. METHODS First, we detected the VNN1 mRNA expression in 4-week chickens which were fasted 24 hours. Next, knocked out VNN1 via CRISPR/Cas9 system in the chicken Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line. Detected the lipid deposition via oil red staining and analysis the content of triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and highdensity lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) after VNN1 knockout in Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line. Then we captured various differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between VNN1-modified LMH cells and original LMH cells by RNA-seq. RESULTS Firstly, fasting-induced expression of VNN1. Meanwhile, we successfully used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to achieve targeted mutations of the VNN1 in the chicken LMH cell line. Moreover, the expression level of VNN1 mRNA in LMH-KO-VNN1 cells decreased compared with that in the wild-type LMH cells (p<0.0001). Compared with control, lipid deposition was decreased after knockout VNN1 via oil red staining, meanwhile, the contents of TG and LDL-C were significantly reduced, and the content of HDL-C was increased in LMH-KO-VNN1 cells. Transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 1,335 DEGs between LMH-KO-VNN1 cells and original LMH cells. Of these DEGs, 431 were upregulated, and 904 were downregulated. Gene ontology analyses of all DEGs showed that the lipid metabolism-related pathways, such as fatty acid biosynthesis and long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, were enriched. KEGG pathway analyses showed that "lipid metabolism pathway", "energy metabolism", and "carbohydrate metabolism" were enriched. A total of 76 DEGs were involved in these pathways, of which 29 genes were upregulated (such as cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1, ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2, and apolipoprotein A4) and 47 genes were downregulated (such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1) by VNN1 knockout in the LMH cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that VNN1 plays an important role in coordinating lipid metabolism in the chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210000,
China
| | - Shihao Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
| | - Zhiheng Wei
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210000,
China
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210000,
China
| | - Zhiliang Gu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500,
China
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Hu H, Li J, Jiang W, Jiang Y, Wan Y, Wang Y, Xin F, Zhang W. Strategies for the biological synthesis of D-glucuronic acid and its derivatives. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:94. [PMID: 38349469 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
D-glucuronic acid is a kind of glucose derivative, which has excellent properties such as anti-oxidation, treatment of liver disease and hyperlipidemia, and has been widely used in medicine, cosmetics, food and other fields. The traditional production methods of D-glucuronic acid mainly include natural extraction and chemical synthesis, which can no longer meet the growing market demand. The production of D-glucuronic acid by biocatalysis has become a promising alternative method because of its high efficiency and environmental friendliness. This review describes different production methods of D-glucuronic acid, including single enzyme catalysis, multi-enzyme cascade, whole cell catalysis and co-culture, as well as the intervention of some special catalysts. In addition, some feasible enzyme engineering strategies are provided, including the application of enzyme immobilized scaffold, enzyme mutation and high-throughput screening, which provide good ideas for the research of D-glucuronic acid biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Wankui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Wan
- Jiangsu Biochemical Chiral Engineering Technology Research Center, Changmao Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd, Changzhou, 213034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Biochemical Chiral Engineering Technology Research Center, Changmao Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd, Changzhou, 213034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Biochemical Chiral Engineering Technology Research Center, Changmao Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd, Changzhou, 213034, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Yu H, Cui Y, Guo F, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Shang D, Dong D, Xiang H. Vanin1 (VNN1) in chronic diseases: Future directions for targeted therapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176220. [PMID: 38042463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Vanin1 (VNN1) is an exogenous enzyme with pantetheinase activity that mainly exerts physiological functions through enzyme catalysis products, including pantothenic acid and cysteamine. In recent years, the crosstalk between VNN1 and metabolism and oxidative stress has attracted much attention. As a result of the ability of VNN1 to affect multiple metabolic pathways and oxidative stress to exacerbate or alleviate pathological processes, it has become a key component of disease progression. This review discusses the functions of VNN1 in glucolipid metabolism, cysteamine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism to provide perspectives on VNN1-targeted therapy for chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 116044, China
| | - Yuying Cui
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Fangyue Guo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - YuTong Zhu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China; Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, China.
| | - Hong Xiang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
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5
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Kishimoto Y, Saita E, Ohmori R, Kondo K, Momiyama Y. High plasma concentrations of vanin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart Vessels 2024; 39:10-17. [PMID: 37582951 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Vanin-1 is a pantetheinase that hydrolyzes pantetheine to pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Vanin-1 has become recognized to be associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In animal models, vanin-1 was reported to accelerate atherosclerosis. However, no study has reported blood vanin-1 concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated plasma vanin-1 concentrations in 388 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography for suspected CAD. Patients with acute coronary syndrome were excluded. Of the 388 study patients, CAD was found in 207 patients [1-vessel (1-VD), n = 88; 2-vessel (2-VD), n = 66; and 3-vessel disease (3-VD), n = 53]. Plasma vanin-1 concentrations were higher in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (median 0.59 vs. 0.46 ng/mL, P < 0.005). Vanin-1 concentrations in patients without CAD and those with 1-VD, 2-VD, and 3-VD were 0.46, 0.58, 0.57, and 0.61 ng/mL, respectively, and were highest in 3-VD (P < 0.05). A high vainin-1 concentration (> 0.48 ng/mL) was found in 46% of patients without CAD, 61% of 1-VD, 65% of 2-VD, and 66% of 3-VD (P < 0.01). Vanin-1 concentrations significantly correlated with the number of stenotic coronary segments (r = 0.14, P < 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, vanin-1 concentration was a significant factor associated with CAD independent of atherosclerotic risk factors. The odds ratio for CAD was 1.63 (95%CI = 1.04-2.55) for the high vanin-1 concentration of > 0.48 ng/mL. Thus, plasma vanin-1 concentrations in patients with CAD were found to be high and to be associated with the presence and severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Kishimoto
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emi Saita
- Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Reiko Ohmori
- Faculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Yukihiko Momiyama
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8902, Japan.
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Miallot R, Millet V, Galland F, Naquet P. The vitamin B5/coenzyme A axis: A target for immunomodulation? Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350435. [PMID: 37482959 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) serves as a vital cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions involved in energy production, lipid metabolism, and synthesis of essential molecules. Dysregulation of CoA-dependent metabolic pathways can contribute to chronic diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. Additionally, CoA influences immune cell activation by modulating the metabolism of these cells, thereby affecting their proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions. Targeting CoA metabolism presents a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention, as it can potentially restore metabolic balance, mitigate chronic inflammation, and enhance immune cell function. This might ultimately improve the management and outcomes for these diseases. This review will more specifically focus on the contribution of pathways regulating the availability of the CoA precursor Vitamin B5/pantothenate in vivo and modulating the development of Th17-mediated inflammation, CD8-dependent anti-tumor immunity but also tissue repair processes in chronic inflammatory or degenerative diseases.
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7
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Xie Z, Gan M, Du J, Du G, Luo Y, Liu B, Zhu K, Cheng W, Chen L, Zhao Y, Niu L, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhu L, Shen L. Comparison of Growth Performance and Plasma Metabolomics between Two Sire-Breeds of Pigs in China. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1706. [PMID: 37761845 PMCID: PMC10531030 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yorkshire pigs, renowned for their remarkable growth rate, low feed conversion ratio (FCR), and high meat production, emerge as a novel preference for paternal breeding. In this study, we found that purebred paternal Yorkshire pigs (PY) surpass the purebred Duroc breed in terms of growth rate. Specifically, purebred PY attain a weight of 100 kg at an earlier age compared to purebred Duroc (Male, 145.07 vs. 162.91; Female, 145.91 vs. 167.57; p-value < 0.01). Furthermore, different hybrid combinations suggest that offspring involving purebred PY exhibit superior growth performance. Compared with purebred Duroc, the offspring of purebred PY have an earlier age in days (173.23 vs. 183.54; p-value < 0.05) at the same slaughter weight. The changes of plasma metabolites of 60-day-old purebred boars in the two sire-breeds showed that 1335 metabolites in plasma were detected. Compared with Duroc, 28 metabolites were down-regulated and 49 metabolites were up-regulated in PY. Principal component analysis (PCA) discerned notable dissimilarities in plasma metabolites between the two sire-breeds of pigs. The levels of glycerol 3-phosphate choline, cytidine, guanine, and arachidonic acid increased significantly (p-value < 0.05), exerting an impact on their growth and development. According to our results, PY could be a new paternal option as a terminal sire in three-way cross system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Xie
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mailin Gan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junhua Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gao Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Sichuan Dekon Livestock Foodstuff Group, Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Sichuan Dekon Livestock Foodstuff Group, Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Kangping Zhu
- Sichuan Dekon Livestock Foodstuff Group, Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Wenqiang Cheng
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jingyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.X.); (M.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Zivkovic S, Maric G, Cvetinovic N, Lepojevic-Stefanovic D, Bozic Cvijan B. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Supplements-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061517. [PMID: 36986246 PMCID: PMC10053759 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Since the establishment of the "lipid hypothesis", according to which, cholesterol level is directly correlated to the risk of CVD, many different lipid-lowering agents have been introduced in clinical practice. A majority of these drugs, in addition to their lipid-lowering properties, may also exhibit some anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. This hypothesis was based on the observation that a decrease in lipid levels occurs along with a decrease in inflammation. Insufficient reduction in the inflammation during treatment with lipid-lowering drugs could be one of the explanations for treatment failure and recurrent CVD events. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of currently available lipid-lowering medications including statins, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants (BAS), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, and niacin, as well as dietary supplements and novel drugs used in modern times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zivkovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Zvezdara University Medical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gorica Maric
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Cvetinovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University Medical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Bojana Bozic Cvijan
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mosaad YO, Hussein MA, Ateyya H, Mohamed AH, Ali AA, Ramadan Youssuf A, Wink M, El-Kholy AA. Vanin 1 Gene Role in Modulation of iNOS/MCP-1/TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway in Obese Diabetic Patients. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6745-6759. [PMID: 36540060 PMCID: PMC9760040 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s386506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cysteamine, a powerful endogenous antioxidant, is produced mostly by the vanin-1 with pantetheinase activity. With regard to glycemic, inflammatory, and redox factors, the current study sought to evaluate the association between the expression of the vanin-1 gene, oxidative stress, and inflammatory and iNOS signaling pathway in obese diabetic patients. METHODS We enrolled 67 male subjects with an average age of 53.5 ± 5.0 years, divided into 4 groups according to the WHO guideline. We determined their plasma levels of glucose, insulin, IRI, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL-C, TNF- α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, SOD, CAT, and TBARs, as well as expression of the iNOS and Vanin1 genes. RESULTS Overweight and obese class I and II diabetics had significantly higher levels of plasma glucose, insulin, HbA1c, TNF-α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, CAT, and TBAR as well as iNOS and vanin-1 gene expression compared to healthy control individuals. In addition, as compared to healthy control individuals, overweight obese class I and II diabetics' plasma HDL-C levels and blood SOD activity were significantly lower. In addition, ultrasound and computed tomography showed that the presence of a mild obscuring fatty liver with mild hepatic echogenicity appeared in overweight, class I and II obese diabetic patients. CONCLUSION These findings provide important information for understanding the correlation between Vanin 1 and glycemic, inflammatory, and redox factors in obese patients. Furthermore, US and CT analysis were performed to visualize the observed images of fatty liver due to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser O Mosaad
- Department of Pharmacy, Practice & Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abdalla Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Health Science, October 6th University, October 6th City, Egypt
| | - Hayam Ateyya
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Mohamed
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, October 6th University, October 6th City, Egypt
| | - Ali A Ali
- Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ramadan Youssuf
- Consultant and Head of Cardiology Department, AL-AHRAR Teaching Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amal A El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Semenovich DS, Plotnikov EY, Lukiyenko EP, Astrowski AA, Kanunnikova NP. Protective Effect of D-Panthenol in Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012273. [PMID: 36293129 PMCID: PMC9603683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the nephroprotective effect of D-panthenol in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Adult male Wistar rats were injected with 50% glycerol solution to induce rhabdomyolysis. Animals with rhabdomyolysis were injected with D-panthenol (200 mg/kg) for 7 days. On day 8, we examined AKI markers, renal histology, antioxidant capacity, and protein glutathionylation in kidneys to uncover mechanisms of D-panthenol effects. Rhabdomyolysis kidneys were shown to have pathomorphological alterations (mononuclear infiltration, dilatation of tubules, and hyaline casts in Henle's loops and collecting ducts). Activities of skeletal muscle damage markers (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) increased, myoglobinuria was observed, and creatinine, BUN, and pantetheinase activity in serum and urine rose. Signs of oxidative stress in the kidney tissue of rhabdomyolysis rats, increased levels of lipid peroxidation products, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were all alleviated by administration of D-panthenol. Its application improved kidney morphology and decreased AKI markers. Mechanisms of D-panthenol's beneficial effects were associated with an increase in total coenzyme A levels, activity of Krebs cycle enzymes, and attenuation of protein glutathionylation. D-Panthenol protects kidneys from rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI through antioxidant effects, normalization of mitochondrial metabolism, and modulation of glutathione-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Semenovich
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Substances, NAS of Belarus, 230030 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena P. Lukiyenko
- Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Substances, NAS of Belarus, 230030 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Alexander A. Astrowski
- Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Substances, NAS of Belarus, 230030 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Nina P. Kanunnikova
- Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Substances, NAS of Belarus, 230030 Grodno, Belarus
- Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 230023 Grodno, Belarus
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11
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Han M, Chen Z, He P, Li Z, Chen Q, Tong Z, Wang M, Du H, Zhang H. YgiM may act as a trigger in the sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae through the membrane-associated ceRNA network. Front Genet 2022; 13:973145. [PMID: 36212144 PMCID: PMC9537587 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.973145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the diseases that can cause serious mortality. In E. coli, an inner membrane protein YgiM encoded by gene ygiM can target the eukaryotic peroxisome. Peroxisome is a membrane-enclosed organelle associated with the ROS metabolism and was reported to play the key role in immune responses and inflammation during the development of sepsis. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is one of the important pathogens causing sepsis. However, the function of gene vk055_4013 which is highly homologous to ygiM of E. coli has not been demonstrated in K. pneumoniae. In this study, we prepared ΔygiM of K. pneumoniae ATCC43816, and found that the deletion of ygiM did not affect bacterial growth and mouse mortality in the mouse infection model. Interestingly, ΔygiM not only resulted in reduced bacterial resistance to macrophages, but also attenuated pathological manifestations in mouse organs. Furthermore, based on the data of Gene Expression Omnibus, the expression profiles of micro RNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the serum of 44 sepsis patients caused by K. pneumoniae infection were analyzed, and 11 differently expressed miRNAs and 8 DEmRNAs associated with the membrane function were found. Finally, the membrane-associated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network was constructed. In this ceRNAs network, DEmiRNAs (hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-6780a-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3652, hsa-miR-342-3p, hsa-miR-32-5p) and their potential downstream target DEmRNAs (VNN1, CEACAM8, PGLYRP1) were verified in the cell model infected by wild type and ΔygiM of K. pneumoniae, respectively. Taken together, YgiM may trigger the sepsis caused by K. pneumoniae via membrane-associated ceRNAs. This study provided new insights into the role of YgiM in the process of K. pneumoniae induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Province Science City Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zelei Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haifang Zhang, , ; Hong Du,
| | - Haifang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haifang Zhang, , ; Hong Du,
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12
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Kim SQ, Mohallem R, Franco J, Buhman KK, Kim KH, Aryal UK. Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Dysregulation of Protein Phosphorylation Correlated with Lipid Metabolism in Mouse Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071172. [PMID: 35406736 PMCID: PMC8997945 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity caused by overnutrition is a major risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several lipid intermediates such as fatty acids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids are implicated in NAFLD, but detailed characterization of lipids and their functional links to proteome and phosphoproteome remain to be elucidated. To characterize this complex molecular relationship, we used a multi-omics approach by conducting comparative proteomic, phoshoproteomic and lipidomic analyses of high fat (HFD) and low fat (LFD) diet fed mice livers. We quantified 2447 proteins and 1339 phosphoproteins containing 1650 class I phosphosites, of which 669 phosphosites were significantly different between HFD and LFD mice livers. We detected alterations of proteins associated with cellular metabolic processes such as small molecule catabolic process, monocarboxylic acid, long- and medium-chain fatty acid, and ketone body metabolic processes, and peroxisome organization. We observed a significant downregulation of protein phosphorylation in HFD fed mice liver in general. Untargeted lipidomics identified upregulation of triacylglycerols, glycerolipids and ether glycerophosphocholines and downregulation of glycerophospholipids, such as lysoglycerophospholipids, as well as ceramides and acylcarnitines. Analysis of differentially regulated phosphosites revealed phosphorylation dependent deregulation of insulin signaling as well as lipogenic and lipolytic pathways during HFD induced obesity. Thus, this study reveals a molecular connection between decreased protein phosphorylation and lipolysis, as well as lipid-mediated signaling in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Q. Kim
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.Q.K.); (K.K.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Mohallem
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Proteomics Facility, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.M.); (J.F.)
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jackeline Franco
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Proteomics Facility, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.M.); (J.F.)
| | - Kimberly K. Buhman
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.Q.K.); (K.K.B.)
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Uma K. Aryal
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Proteomics Facility, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.M.); (J.F.)
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-494-4960
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13
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Mizerska-Wasiak M, Płatos E, Cichoń-Kawa K, Demkow U, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M. The Usefulness of Vanin-1 and Periostin as Markers of an Active Autoimmune Process or Renal Fibrosis in Children with IgA Nephropathy and IgA Vasculitis with Nephritis-A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051265. [PMID: 35268356 PMCID: PMC8911128 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of vanin-1 and periostin in urine as markers of the autoimmune process in kidneys and renal fibrosis in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN). From a group of 194 patients from the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, who were included in the Polish Pediatric Registry of IgAN and IgAVN, we qualified 51 patients (20 with IgAN and 31 with IgAVN) between the ages of 3 and 17, diagnosed based on kidney biopsy, for inclusion in the study. All of the patients received glucocorticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or renoprotective therapy. The control group consisted of 18 healthy individuals. The concentration of vanin was significantly higher in the IgAN and IgAVN groups than in the control group. The concentration of vanin/creatinine correlates positively with the level of IgA and negatively with the serum level of C3 at the end of the observation. Urinary vanin-1 concentration may be useful as a marker of the active autoimmune process in IgAN and IgAVN in children, but the study needs confirmation on a larger group of children, along with evaluation of the dynamics of this marker. Urinary periostin is not a good marker for children with IgAN and IgAVN, especially in stage 1 and 2 CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.C.-K.); (M.P.-T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emilia Płatos
- Science Students’ Association at the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Karolina Cichoń-Kawa
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.C.-K.); (M.P.-T.)
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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14
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Wang G, Wang J, Du L, Li M. Visualization-Based Discovery of Vanin-1 Inhibitors for Colitis. Front Chem 2022; 9:809495. [PMID: 35155380 PMCID: PMC8831383 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.809495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main effect of Vanin-1/VNN1 is related to its pantetheinase sulfhydrylase activity, which can hydrolyze pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine. In recent studies, the enzymatic activity of vanin-1/VNN1 has been found to be essential in the development of many diseases. The study of specific vanin-1/VNN1 inhibitors can give us a deeper understanding of its role in the disease process. In this study, different skeletal inhibitors were designed and synthesized using pyrimidine amide compounds as lead compounds. In order to screen inhibitors intuitively, a fluorescent probe PA-AFC for in vitro evaluation of inhibitors was designed and synthesized in this study, which has good sensitivity and specificity. The bioluminescent probe PA-AL was then used for cellular level and in vivo inhibitor evaluation. This screening method was convenient, economical and highly accurate. Finally, these inhibitors were applied to a mouse colitis model, confirming that vanin-1 is useful in IBD and providing a new therapeutic direction.
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15
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Tian Z, Yan F, Tian X, Feng L, Cui J, Deng S, Zhang B, Xie T, Huang S, Ma X. A NIR fluorescent probe for Vanin-1 and its applications in imaging, kidney injury diagnosis, and the development of inhibitor. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:316-325. [PMID: 35127388 PMCID: PMC8799884 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanin-1 is an amidohydrolase that catalyses the conversion of pantetheine into the amino-thiol cysteamine and pantothenic acid (coenzyme A precursor), which plays a vital role in multiple physiological and pathological processes. In this study, an enzyme-activated near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (DDAV) has been constructed for sensitively detecting Vanin-1 activity in complicated biosamples on the basis of its catalytic characteristics. DDAV exhibited a high selectivity and sensitivity toward Vanin-1 and was successfully applied to the early diagnosis of kidney injury in cisplatin-induced kidney injury model. In addition, DDAV could serve as a visual tool for in situ imaging endogenous Vanin-1 in vivo. More importantly, Enterococcus faecalis 20247 which possessed high expression of Vanin-1 was screened out from intestinal bacteria using DDAV, provided useful guidance for the rational use of NSAIDs in clinic. Finally, oleuropein as a potent natural inhibitor for Vanin-1 was discovered from herbal medicines library using a high-throughput screening method using DDAV, which held great promise for clinical therapy of inflammatory bowel disease.
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16
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Casimiro-Garcia A, Allais C, Brennan A, Choi C, Dower G, Farley KA, Fleming M, Flick A, Frisbie RK, Hall J, Hepworth D, Jones H, Knafels JD, Kortum S, Lovering FE, Mathias JP, Mohan S, Morgan PM, Parng C, Parris K, Pullen N, Schlerman F, Stansfield J, Strohbach JW, Vajdos FF, Vincent F, Wang H, Wang X, Webster R, Wright SW. Discovery of a Series of Pyrimidine Carboxamides as Inhibitors of Vanin-1. J Med Chem 2021; 65:757-784. [PMID: 34967602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A diaryl ketone series was identified as vanin-1 inhibitors from a high-throughput screening campaign. While this novel scaffold provided valuable probe 2 that was used to build target confidence, concerns over the ketone moiety led to the replacement of this group. The successful replacement of this moiety was achieved with pyrimidine carboxamides derived from cyclic secondary amines that were extensively characterized using biophysical and crystallographic methods as competitive inhibitors of vanin-1. Through optimization of potency and physicochemical and ADME properties, and guided by co-crystal structures with vanin-1, 3 was identified with a suitable profile for advancement into preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Casimiro-Garcia
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Christophe Allais
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Agnes Brennan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chulho Choi
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gabriela Dower
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kathleen A Farley
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Margaret Fleming
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrew Flick
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Richard K Frisbie
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Justin Hall
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David Hepworth
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hannah Jones
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John D Knafels
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steve Kortum
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Frank E Lovering
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John P Mathias
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sashi Mohan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paul M Morgan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chuenlei Parng
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kevin Parris
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Nick Pullen
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Franklin Schlerman
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John Stansfield
- Early Clinical Development Non-Clinical Statistics, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joseph W Strohbach
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Felix F Vajdos
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Fabien Vincent
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Xiaolun Wang
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert Webster
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen W Wright
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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17
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Qian W, Yu H, Zhang C, Zhang H, Fu S, Xia C. Plasma Proteomics Characteristics of Subclinical Vitamin E Deficiency of Dairy Cows During Early Lactation. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:723898. [PMID: 34957273 PMCID: PMC8703030 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.723898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is an essential fat-soluble nutrient for dairy cows. Vitamin E deficiency leads to immune suppression and oxidative stress and increases the susceptibility of cows to reproductive disorders in the early post-partum period. However, studies on plasma proteomics of VE deficiency have not been reported so far. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the changes of blood protein profile in cows with subclinical VE deficiency in the early post-partum period. In this study, plasma protein levels of 14 healthy cows (>4 μg/ml α-tocopherol) and 13 subclinical VE-deficient cows (2–3 μg/ml α-tocopherol) were analyzed by tandem mass tag (TMT). The results showed that there were 26 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the plasma of cows with subclinical VE deficiency compared with healthy controls. Twenty-one kinds of proteins were downregulated, and five kinds were upregulated, among which eight proteins in protein–protein interactions (PPI) network had direct interaction. These proteins are mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, pantothenic acid and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, PPAR signaling pathway, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis. The top four DEPs in PPI (APOC3, APOC4, SAA4, PHLD) and one important protein (VNN1) by literature review were further verified by ELISA and Western blot. The expression levels of APOC3, VNN1, and SAA4 were significantly lower than those of healthy controls by ELISA. VNN1 was significantly lower than those of healthy controls by Western blot. VNN1 is closely related to dairy cow subclinical VE deficiency and can be a potential biomarker. It lays a foundation for further research on the lack of pathological mechanism and antioxidative stress of VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyi Yu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cuiyu Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyou Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shixin Fu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cheng Xia
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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18
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Dahl H, Eide DM, Tengs T, Duale N, Kamstra JH, Oughton DH, Olsen AK. Perturbed transcriptional profiles after chronic low dose rate radiation in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256667. [PMID: 34428250 PMCID: PMC8384182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse health outcomes of ionizing radiation given chronically at low dose rates are highly debated, a controversy also relevant for other stressors. Increased knowledge is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of the damaging potential of ionizing radiation from all dose rates and doses. There is a lack of relevant low dose rate data that is partly ascribed to the rarity of exposure facilities allowing chronic low dose rate exposures. Using the FIGARO facility, we assessed early (one day post-radiation) and late (recovery time of 100-200 days) hepatic genome-wide transcriptional profiles in male mice of two strains (CBA/CaOlaHsd and C57BL/6NHsd) exposed chronically to a low dose rate (2.5 mGy/h; 1200h, LDR), a mid-dose rate (10 mGy/h; 300h, MDR) and acutely to a high dose rate (100 mGy/h; 30h, HDR) of gamma irradiation, given to an equivalent total dose of 3 Gy. Dose-rate and strain-specific transcriptional responses were identified. Differently modulated transcriptional responses across all dose rate exposure groups were evident by the representation of functional biological pathways. Evidence of changed epigenetic regulation (global DNA methylation) was not detected. A period of recovery markedly reduced the number of differentially expressed genes. Using enrichment analysis to identify the functional significance of the modulated genes, perturbed signaling pathways associated with both cancer and non-cancer effects were observed, such as lipid metabolism and inflammation. These pathways were seen after chronic low dose rate and were not restricted to the acute high dose rate exposure. The transcriptional response induced by chronic low dose rate ionizing radiation suggests contribution to conditions such as cardiovascular diseases. We contribute with novel genome wide transcriptional data highlighting dose-rate-specific radiation responses and emphasize the importance of considering both dose rate, duration of exposure, and variability in susceptibility when assessing risks from ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildegunn Dahl
- Department of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Dag M. Eide
- Department of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Torstein Tengs
- Department of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Nur Duale
- Department of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Jorke H. Kamstra
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah H. Oughton
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- Department of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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19
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Cariello M, Piccinin E, Moschetta A. Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Pathways via Lipid-Sensing Nuclear Receptors PPARs, FXR, and LXR in NASH. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1519-1539. [PMID: 33545430 PMCID: PMC8042405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease comprises a wide spectrum of liver injuries from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined when liver steatosis is associated with inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and fibrosis. A genetic predisposition and environmental insults (ie, dietary habits, obesity) are putatively responsible for NASH progression. Here, we present the impact of the lipid-sensing nuclear receptors in the pathogenesis and treatment of NASH. In detail, we discuss the pros and cons of the putative transcriptional action of the fatty acid sensors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), the bile acid sensor (farnesoid X receptor), and the oxysterol sensor (liver X receptors) in the pathogenesis and bona fide treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Cariello
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Piccinin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy; National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy; Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
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20
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Qian J, Zhang L, Wang J, Teng Z, Cao T, Zheng L, Cao Y, Qin W, Liu Y, Guo H. Red emission ratio fluorescent probe for the activity of vanin-1 and imaging in vivo. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123863. [PMID: 33113750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pantetheinase, also known as Vanin-1, catalyzes pantetheine to decompose into the precursor of CoA - pantothenic acid and aminothiol cysteamine. Studies have shown that Vanin-1 plays an important role in many important physiological pathologies. In this paper, a new red emission ratio fluorescent probe DCM-PA (I640 nm/I564 nm) has been implemented to detect the activity of Vanin-1 in cells and vivo. DCM-PA has short response time (30 min), high selectivity and low sensitivity (DL =0.69 ng/mL). Also, we have applied DCM-PA for imaging in cells and mice, and the results have indicated that the probe has a non-negligible potential for monitoring the activity of Vanin-1 in situ, benefiting further to study the role of Vanin-1 in physiology and pathology. In addition, the up-regulation of this enzyme by starvation confirmed the inevitable connection between diabetes and abnormal expression of Vanin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China
| | - Jiemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zhidong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Ting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yuping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wenwu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China.
| | - Huichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China.
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21
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Zembroski AS, Buhman KK, Aryal UK. Proteome and phosphoproteome characterization of liver in the postprandial state from diet-induced obese and lean mice. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104072. [PMID: 33309929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A metabolic consequence of obesity is hepatosteatosis, which can develop into more serious diseases in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) spectrum. The goal of this study was to identify the protein signature of liver in the postprandial state in obesity compared to leanness. The postprandial state is of interest due to the central role of the liver in regulating macronutrient and energy homeostasis during the fed-fast cycle and lack of previously reported controlled studies in the postprandial state. Therefore, we assessed the proteome and phosphoproteome of liver in the postprandial state from diet-induced obese (DIO) and lean mice using untargeted LC-MS/MS analysis. We identified significant alterations in the levels of proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation, activation, and transport, as well as proteins involved in energy metabolism including ketogenesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and electron transport chain in liver of DIO compared to lean mice. Additionally, phosphorylated proteins in liver of DIO and lean mice reflect possible regulatory mechanisms controlling fatty acid metabolism and gene expression that may contribute to hepatic metabolic alterations in obesity. Our data indicates PPARα-mediated transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism and adaptation to hepatic lipid overload. The results of this study expand our knowledge of the molecular changes that occur in liver in the postprandial state in obesity compared to leanness. SIGNIFICANCE: Proteome and phosphoproteome studies of liver in a controlled postprandial state in obesity and leanness are lacking; however, this information is crucial to understanding how obesity-associated hepatosteatosis influences postprandial nutrient and energy metabolism. In this global shotgun proteome and phosphoproteome analysis, we identified unique protein signatures defining obesity and leanness in liver in the postprandial state and identified potential mechanisms contributing to hepatic metabolic alterations in obesity. The results of this study provide a foundation to focus future experiments on the contribution of altered protein and phosphorylation patterns to postprandial metabolism in obesity-associated hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa S Zembroski
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kimberly K Buhman
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA..
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22
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Gurung AB, Bhutia JT, Bhattacharjee A. High-throughput virtual screening of novel potent inhibitor(s) for Human Vanin-1 enzyme. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4208-4223. [PMID: 33289461 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1854857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanin-1 (VNN1) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored ectoenzyme which hydrolyzes pantetheine to pantothenic acid and cysteamine. It has emerged as a promising drug target for many human diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. In the present study we used structure-based virtual screening approach for the identification of small molecule inhibitors of vanin-1. A chemical library consisting of natural compounds, synthetic compounds and RRV analogs were screened for drug-like molecules. The filtered molecules were subjected to molecular docking studies. Three potential hits-ZINC04073864 (Natural compound), CID227017 (synthetic compound) and CID129558381 (RRV analog)-were identified for the target enzyme. The molecules form good number of hydrogen bonds with the catalytic residues such as Glu79, Lys178 and Cys211. The apo-VNN1 and VNN1-ligand complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for 30 ns. The geometric properties such as root mean square deviation, radius of gyration, solvent accessible surface area, number of hydrogen bonds and the distance between the catalytic triad residues-Glu79, Lys178 and Cys211 were altered upon binding of the compounds. Essential dynamics and entropic studies further confirmed that the fluctuations in VNN1 decrease upon binding of the compounds. The lead molecules were stable throughout the simulation time period. Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) studies showed that Van der Waals interaction energy contributes significantly to the total binding free energy. Thus, our study reveals three lead molecules-ZINC04073864, CID227017 and CID129558381 as potential inhibitors of Vanin-1 which can be validated through further studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.,Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Jigmi Tshering Bhutia
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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23
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Qian J, Teng Z, Wang J, Zhang L, Cao T, Zheng L, Cao Y, Qin W, Liu Y, Guo H. Visible to Near-Infrared Emission Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Vanin-1 In Vivo. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2806-2813. [PMID: 32786380 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pantetheinase (Vanin-1) is an ectoenzyme, which involves the metabolic pathway of coenzyme A (CoA), and can decompose pantetheine into pantothenic acid (CoA precursor) and aminothiol cysteamine. Previous studies have revealed that Vanin-1 with essential biological functions is closely related to many diseases. However, the lack of simple and effective detection methods has severely hindered the further study of Vanin-1's physiological functions. In this work, we have developed a near-infrared (NIR) emission ratio fluorescent probe TMN-PA (I645 nm/I568 nm) that enables us to detect Vanin-1 rapidly (in 15 min) with a minimum detection limit of 0.37 ng/mL. What is more, this probe shows excellent potential in in situ real-time monitoring of the endogenous Vanin-1, contributing to further research on Vanin-1 and understanding its mechanisms in physiological pathology. To our knowledge, this probe is the first NIR emission ratio (I645 nm/I568 nm) fluorescent probe ever reported to monitor the activity of Vanin-1 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhidong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, P. R. China
| | - Jiemin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P. R. China
| | - Ting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenwu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOF), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P. R. China
| | - Huichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, P. R. China
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24
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Wang Z, Yu J, Hua N, Li J, Xu L, Yao W, Gu Z. Regulation of chicken vanin1 gene expression by peroxisome proliferators activated receptor α and miRNA-181a-5p. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:172-184. [PMID: 32299163 PMCID: PMC7876720 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Vanin1 (VNN1) is a pantetheinase that can catalyze the hydrolysis of pantetheine to produce pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Our previous studies showed that VNN1 is specifically expressed in chicken liver. In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor α (PPARα) and miRNA-181a-5p in regulating VNN1 gene expression in chicken liver. Methods 5′-RACE was performed to identify the transcription start site of chicken VNN1. JASPAR and TFSEARCH were used to analyze the potential transcription factor binding sites in the promoter region of chicken VNN1 and miRanda was used to search miRNA binding sites in 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of chicken VNN1. We used a knock-down strategy to manipulate PPARα (or miRNA-181a-5p) expression levels in vitro to further investigate its effect on VNN1 gene transcription. Luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the specific regions of VNN1 targeted by PPARα and miRNA-181a-5p. Results Sequence analysis of the VNN1 promoter region revealed several transcription factor-binding sites, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α), PPARα, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α. GW7647 (a specific agonist of PPARα) increased the expression level of VNN1 mRNA in chicken primary hepatocytes, whereas knockdown of PPARα with siRNA increased VNN1 mRNA expression. Moreover, the predicted PPARα-binding site was confirmed to be necessary for PPARα regulation of VNN1 gene expression. In addition, the VNN1 3′UTR contains a sequence that is completely complementary to nucleotides 1 to 7 of miRNA-181a-5p. Overexpression of miR-181a-5p significantly decreased the expression level of VNN1 mRNA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that PPARα is an important transcriptional activator of VNN1 gene expression and that miRNA-181a-5p acts as a negative regulator of VNN1 expression in chicken hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Hua
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiliang Gu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Naquet P, Kerr EW, Vickers SD, Leonardi R. Regulation of coenzyme A levels by degradation: the 'Ins and Outs'. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 78:101028. [PMID: 32234503 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is the predominant acyl carrier in mammalian cells and a cofactor that plays a key role in energy and lipid metabolism. CoA and its thioesters (acyl-CoAs) regulate a multitude of metabolic processes at different levels: as substrates, allosteric modulators, and via post-translational modification of histones and other non-histone proteins. Evidence is emerging that synthesis and degradation of CoA are regulated in a manner that enables metabolic flexibility in different subcellular compartments. Degradation of CoA occurs through distinct intra- and extracellular pathways that rely on the activity of specific hydrolases. The pantetheinase enzymes specifically hydrolyze pantetheine to cysteamine and pantothenate, the last step in the extracellular degradation pathway for CoA. This reaction releases pantothenate in the bloodstream, making this CoA precursor available for cellular uptake and de novo CoA synthesis. Intracellular degradation of CoA depends on specific mitochondrial and peroxisomal Nudix hydrolases. These enzymes are also active against a subset of acyl-CoAs and play a key role in the regulation of subcellular (acyl-)CoA pools and CoA-dependent metabolic reactions. The evidence currently available indicates that the extracellular and intracellular (acyl-)CoA degradation pathways are regulated in a coordinated and opposite manner by the nutritional state and maximize the changes in the total intracellular CoA levels that support the metabolic switch between fed and fasted states in organs like the liver. The objective of this review is to update the contribution of these pathways to the regulation of metabolism, physiology and pathology and to highlight the many questions that remain open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Naquet
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
| | - Evan W Kerr
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States of America
| | - Schuyler D Vickers
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States of America
| | - Roberta Leonardi
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States of America.
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26
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Bartucci R, Salvati A, Olinga P, Boersma YL. Vanin 1: Its Physiological Function and Role in Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3891. [PMID: 31404995 PMCID: PMC6719204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 (vanin 1) is highly expressed at gene and protein level in many organs, such as the liver, intestine, and kidney. Its major function is related to its pantetheinase activity; vanin 1 breaks down pantetheine in cysteamine and pantothenic acid, a precursor of coenzyme A. Indeed, its physiological role seems strictly related to coenzyme A metabolism, lipid metabolism, and energy production. In recent years, many studies have elucidated the role of vanin 1 under physiological conditions in relation to oxidative stress and inflammation. Vanin's enzymatic activity was found to be of key importance in certain diseases, either for its protective effect or as a sensitizer, depending on the diseased organ. In this review, we discuss the role of vanin 1 in the liver, kidney, intestine, and lung under physiological as well as pathophysiological conditions. Thus, we provide a more complete understanding and overview of its complex function and contribution to some specific pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bartucci
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Division of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Salvati
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ykelien L Boersma
- Division of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Heat Stress-Responsive Transcriptome Analysis in the Liver Tissue of Hu Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10050395. [PMID: 31121974 PMCID: PMC6562622 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress has a severe effect on animal health and can reduce the productivity and reproductive efficiency; it is therefore necessary to explore the molecular mechanism involved in heat stress response, which is helpful for the cultivation of an animal breed with resistance to heat stress. However, little research about heat stress-responsive molecular analysis has been reported in sheep. Therefore, in this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to investigate the transcriptome profiling in the liver of Hu sheep with and without heat stress. In total, we detected 520 and 22 differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs, respectively. The differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly associated with metabolic processes, the regulation of biosynthetic processes, and the regulation of glucocorticoid; additionally, they were significantly enriched in the heat stress related pathways, including the carbon metabolism, the PPAR signaling pathway, and vitamin digestion and absorption. The co-located differentially expressed lncRNA Lnc_001782 might positively influence the expression of the corresponding genes APOA4 and APOA5, exerting co-regulative effects on the liver function. Thus, we made the hypothesis that Lnc_001782, APOA4 and APOA5 might function synergistically to regulate the anti-heat stress ability in Hu sheep. This study provides a catalog of Hu sheep liver mRNAs and lncRNAs, and will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying heat stress responses.
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28
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Iwaki T, Bennion BG, Stenson EK, Lynn JC, Otinga C, Djukovic D, Raftery D, Fei L, Wong HR, Liles WC, Standage SW. PPARα contributes to protection against metabolic and inflammatory derangements associated with acute kidney injury in experimental sepsis. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14078. [PMID: 31102342 PMCID: PMC6525329 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant problem in critically ill children and adults resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Fundamental mechanisms contributing to sepsis-associated AKI are poorly understood. Previous research has demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) expression is associated with reduced organ system failure in sepsis. Using an experimental model of polymicrobial sepsis, we demonstrate that mice deficient in PPARα have worse kidney function, which is likely related to reduced fatty acid oxidation and increased inflammation. Ultrastructural evaluation with electron microscopy reveals that the proximal convoluted tubule is specifically injured in septic PPARα deficient mice. In this experimental group, serum metabolomic analysis reveals unanticipated metabolic derangements in tryptophan-kynurenine-NAD+ and pantothenate pathways. We also show that a subgroup of children with sepsis whose genome-wide expression profiles are characterized by repression of the PPARα signaling pathway has increased incidence of severe AKI. These findings point toward interesting associations between sepsis-associated AKI and PPARα-driven fatty acid metabolism that merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Iwaki
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
- Department of PediatricsUniversity HospitalFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Brock G. Bennion
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Erin K. Stenson
- Department of PediatricsSection of Critical CareUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CenterChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColorado
- Division of Critical Care MedicineCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhio
| | - Jared C. Lynn
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
| | - Cynthia Otinga
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
| | - Danijel Djukovic
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColorado
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
| | - Lin Fei
- Division of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhio
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhio
| | - Hector R. Wong
- Division of Critical Care MedicineCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhio
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhio
| | - W. Conrad Liles
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
| | - Stephen W. Standage
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
- Division of Critical Care MedicineCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhio
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhio
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29
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Protein expression in the liver and blood serum in chickens in response to Salmonella Enteritidis infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 205:10-16. [PMID: 30458997 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Events occurring in the chicken caecum following Salmonella Enteritidis infection are relatively well-described. However, mechanisms of the immune response and defence beyond the intestinal tract are less well-described. In this study, we therefore determined changes in protein abundance in the liver and blood serum in response to S. Enteritidis infection using the unbiased approach of shotgun proteomics. Complement and coagulation cascades, TNF signalling, antigen processing and presentation was activated in the liver following infection with S. Enteritidis. Chicken proteins that decreased in the liver were involved in glycolysis, the citrate cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. No functional category was significantly activated or suppressed in the serum. Concerning individual proteins, VNN1, SAA, AVD, SERPINA3, SERPINB10, AGT, MRP126 or CP increased in abundance both in the liver and serum. MT4, MT3, PTGDS, GLRX and TGM4, though highly inducible in the liver, did not increase in the serum. PIGR, SERPINF2 and IGJ increased in the serum but not in the liver. SERPINA4, apoAIV, CLEC3B, SERPINF1, HRG, AHSG and ALB decreased both in the liver and serum. Avidin-like LOC431660, THRSP, GATM, GGACT, ACOX1, ALDOB or FABP7 decreased in the liver but not in the serum. Finally, CKM, CKB, PLTP, COMP, IGFALS, AMY1A or SERPIND1 decreased in the serum after S. Enteritidis infection but not in the liver. Differently abundant proteins characterise the chicken's response to infection and can be also used as markers of chicken health status.
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Bougarne N, Weyers B, Desmet SJ, Deckers J, Ray DW, Staels B, De Bosscher K. Molecular Actions of PPARα in Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:760-802. [PMID: 30020428 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear receptor of clinical interest as a drug target in various metabolic disorders. PPARα also exhibits marked anti-inflammatory capacities. The first-generation PPARα agonists, the fibrates, have however been hampered by drug-drug interaction issues, statin drop-in, and ill-designed cardiovascular intervention trials. Notwithstanding, understanding the molecular mechanisms by which PPARα works will enable control of its activities as a drug target for metabolic diseases with an underlying inflammatory component. Given its role in reshaping the immune system, the full potential of this nuclear receptor subtype as a versatile drug target with high plasticity becomes increasingly clear, and a novel generation of agonists may pave the way for novel fields of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bougarne
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Basiel Weyers
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie J Desmet
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Deckers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - David W Ray
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1011, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Laboratory, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
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Ames PRJ, Bucci T, Merashli M, Amaral M, Arcaro A, Gentile F, Nourooz-Zadeh J, DelgadoAlves J. Oxidative/nitrative stress in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: are antioxidants beneficial? Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1063-1082. [PMID: 30226391 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1525712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune disease: characterised from the clinical side by progressive vasculopathy and fibrosis of the skin and different organs and from the biochemical side by fibroblast deregulation with excessive production of collagen and increased expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4). The latter contributes to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species that through an autocrine loop maintains NOX4 in a state of activation. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are implicated in the origin and perpetuation of several clinical manifestations of SSc having vascular damage in common; attempts to dampen oxidative and nitrative stress through different agents with antioxidant properties have not translated into a sustained clinical benefit. Objective of this narrative review is to describe the origin and clinical implications of oxidative and nitrative stress in SSc, with particular focus on the central role of NOX4 and its interactions, to re-evaluate the antioxidant approaches so far used to limit disease progression, to appraise the complexity of antioxidant treatment and to touch on novel pathways elements of which may represent specific treatment targets in the not so distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R J Ames
- a Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit , CEDOC, Nova University , Lisboa , Portugal.,b Department of Haematology , Dumfries Royal Infirmary , Dumfries , UK
| | - Tommaso Bucci
- c Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Salerno , Baronissi , Italy
| | - Mira Merashli
- d Department of Rheumatology , American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Marta Amaral
- a Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit , CEDOC, Nova University , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- e Department of Medicine & Health Sciences , Universita' del Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gentile
- e Department of Medicine & Health Sciences , Universita' del Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Jaffar Nourooz-Zadeh
- f Nephrology & Kidney Transplantation Research Center , Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia , Iran
| | - Jose DelgadoAlves
- a Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit , CEDOC, Nova University , Lisboa , Portugal.,g Immunomediated Systemic Diseases Unit, Medicine 4 , Hospital Fernando Fonseca , Amadora , Portugal
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Giessner C, Millet V, Mostert KJ, Gensollen T, Vu Manh TP, Garibal M, Dieme B, Attaf-Bouabdallah N, Chasson L, Brouilly N, Laprie C, Lesluyes T, Blay JY, Shintu L, Martin JC, Strauss E, Galland F, Naquet P. Vnn1 pantetheinase limits the Warburg effect and sarcoma growth by rescuing mitochondrial activity. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800073. [PMID: 30456364 PMCID: PMC6238586 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the Vnn1 pantetheinase by sarcomas is tumor suppressive by limiting the use of aerobic glycolysis for growth and rescuing mitochondrial activity through CoA regeneration. Like other tumors, aggressive soft tissue sarcomas (STS) use glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for growth. Given the importance of the cofactor coenzyme A (CoA) in energy metabolism, we investigated the impact of Vnn1 pantetheinase—an enzyme that degrades pantetheine into pantothenate (vitamin B5, the CoA biosynthetic precursor) and cysyteamine—on tumor growth. Using two models, we show that Vnn1+ STS remain differentiated and grow slowly, and that in patients a detectable level of VNN1 expression in STS is associated with an improved prognosis. Increasing pantetheinase activity in aggressive tumors limits their growth. Using combined approaches, we demonstrate that Vnn1 permits restoration of CoA pools, thereby maintaining OXPHOS. The simultaneous production of cysteamine limits glycolysis and release of lactate, resulting in a partial inhibition of STS growth in vitro and in vivo. We propose that the Warburg effect observed in aggressive STS is reversed by induction of Vnn1 pantetheinase and the rewiring of cellular energy metabolism by its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giessner
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Millet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Konrad J Mostert
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Thomas Gensollen
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Thien-Phong Vu Manh
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Garibal
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Binta Dieme
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Noudjoud Attaf-Bouabdallah
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lionel Chasson
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Brouilly
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Biologie de Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Tom Lesluyes
- Centre Lyon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Lyon Recherche Innovation contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Yves Blay
- Centre Lyon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Lyon Recherche Innovation contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Laetitia Shintu
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, ISM2, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Charles Martin
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Erick Strauss
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Franck Galland
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France
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Hu Y, Li H, Shi W, Ma H. Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of Pantetheinase in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11107-11112. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Hu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Kavian N, Mehlal S, Marut W, Servettaz A, Giessner C, Bourges C, Nicco C, Chéreau C, Lemaréchal H, Dutilh MF, Cerles O, Guilpain P, Vuiblet V, Chouzenoux S, Galland F, Quere I, Weill B, Naquet P, Batteux F. Imbalance of the Vanin-1 Pathway in Systemic Sclerosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:3326-3335. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Hu YW, Wu SG, Zhao JJ, Ma X, Lu JB, Xiu JC, Zhang Y, Huang C, Qiu YR, Sha YH, Gao JJ, Wang YC, Li SF, Zhao JY, Zheng L, Wang Q. VNN1 promotes atherosclerosis progression in apoE-/- mice fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1398-411. [PMID: 27281478 PMCID: PMC4959856 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m065565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence shows that vanin-1 (VNN1) plays a key part in glucose metabolism. We explored the effect of VNN1 on cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, apoptosis in vitro, and progression of atherosclerotic plaques in apoE−/− mice. Oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) significantly induced VNN1 expression through an ERK1/2/cyclooxygenase-2/PPARα signaling pathway. VNN1 significantly increased cellular cholesterol content and decreased apoAI and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)-mediated efflux by 25.16% and 23.13%, respectively, in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells (P < 0.05). In addition, VNN1 attenuated Ox-LDL-induced apoptosis through upregulation of expression of p53 by 59.15% and downregulation of expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 127.13% in THP-1 macrophage (P < 0.05). In vivo, apoE−/− mice were divided randomly into two groups and transduced with lentivirus (LV)-Mock or LV-VNN1 for 12 weeks. VNN1-treated mice showed increased liver lipid content and plasma levels of TG (124.48%), LDL-cholesterol (119.64%), TNF-α (148.74%), interleukin (IL)-1β (131.81%), and IL-6 (156.51%), whereas plasma levels of HDL-C (25.75%) were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Consistent with these data, development of atherosclerotic lesions was increased significantly upon infection of apoE−/− mice with LV-VNN1. These observations suggest that VNN1 may be a promising therapeutic candidate against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shao-Guo Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing-Bo Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chuan Huang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Hua Sha
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ji-Juan Gao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Chao Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shu-Fen Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Li Y, Wang X, Yu J, Shao F, Zhang Y, Lu X, Gu Z. MiR-122 targets the vanin 1 gene to regulate its expression in chickens. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1145-50. [PMID: 26944978 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant microRNA (miRNA) in the liver, miR-122 plays important roles in the growth and development of liver, lipid metabolism, and liver diseases. Vanin 1 (VNN1) plays an important role in hepatic lipid metabolism, and VNN1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic diseases caused by overactivated gluconeogenesis. In our previous RNA-seq study, we found the expression of VNN1 increased significantly when the expression of miR-122 (gga-miR-122-5p) was knocked down in primary chicken hepatocytes. In this study, we verified this result by real-time qRT-PCR, and we also found that the chicken VNN1 was highly expressed in the liver. By bioinformatics analyses, we found the 3'UTR of VNN1 contained sequences completely complementary to the nucleotides 1 to 8 of miR-122. Co-transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that overexpression of miR-122 decreased the expression of luciferase reporter gene linked to the 3'UTR of chicken VNN1 in the Chinese hamster ovary cells (P<0.01), and the decrease was further demonstrated to be dependent on the predicted miR-122 binding sites by site mutation analyses. These results further support miR-122 as a negative regulator of VNN1 expression in chicken hepatocytes. Overall, this study suggests that miR-122 might play an important role in lipid metabolism in the chicken liver by negatively regulating the expression of the VNN1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China
| | - Fang Shao
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China
| | - Xiangyun Lu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China
| | - Zhiliang Gu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China
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Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of vanin-1 activity in animal models of type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21906. [PMID: 26932716 PMCID: PMC4773925 DOI: 10.1038/srep21906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanins are enzymes that convert pantetheine to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). Insights into the function of vanins have evolved lately, indicating vanin-1 to play a role in inflammation, oxidative stress and cell migration. Moreover, vanin-1 has recently gained attention as a novel modulator of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the role of vanin-1 in the development of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in animal models of obesity and diabetes. In addition, we evaluated the potency of RR6, a novel pharmacological vanin-1 inhibitor, as an anti-diabetic drug. Increased vanin activity was observed in plasma and liver of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, as well as ZDF-diabetic rats. Ablation of vanin-1 (Vnn1−/− mice) mildly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice, but had no effects on body weight, hepatic steatosis or circulating lipid levels. Oral administration of RR6 for 8 days completely inhibited plasma vanin activity, but did not affect hepatic glucose production, insulin sensitivity or hepatic steatosis in ZDF-diabetes rats. In conclusion, absence of vanin-1 activity improves insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed animals, yet short-term inhibition of vanin activity may have limited value as an anti-diabetic strategy.
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Ferreira DW, Goedken MJ, Rommelaere S, Chasson L, Galland F, Naquet P, Manautou JE. Enhanced hepatotoxicity by acetaminophen in Vanin-1 knockout mice is associated with deficient proliferative and immune responses. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:662-669. [PMID: 26850476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pretreatment with clofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) agonist, protects mice from acetaminophen (APAP) injury. Protection is not due to alterations in APAP metabolism and is dependent on PPARa expression. Gene array analysis revealed that mice receiving clofibrate have enhanced hepatic Vanin-1 (Vnn1) gene expression, a response that is also PPARa dependent. METHODS We examined the role of Vnn1 by comparing the responses of Vnn1 knockout and wild-type mice following APAP hepatotoxicity. APAP metabolism, hepatotoxicity, and compensatory hepatocyte proliferation and immune responses were assessed. RESULTS Vnn1 knockout mice are more susceptible to APAP hepatotoxicity despite no differences in hepatic glutathione content, gene expression of APAP metabolizing enzymes, or hepatic capacity to bioactivate or detoxify APAP ex vivo. Together, these data strongly suggest that the susceptibility of Vnn1 knockout mice is not due to differences in APAP metabolism. Immunochemistry revealed a lack of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive hepatocytes and F4/80-positive macrophages in and around areas of centrilobular necrosis in APAP-treated Vnn1 knockouts. Hepatic gene induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines was either significantly reduced or completely blunted in these mice. This was correlated with a reduction in early recruitment of cells positive for granulocyte differentiation antigen 1 or integrin alpha M. Heightened toxicity was also observed in CCl4 and ConA hepatitis models in the absence of Vnn1. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that mice lacking Vnn1 have deficiencies in compensatory repair and immune responses following toxic APAP exposure and that these mechanisms may contribute to the enhanced hepatotoxicity seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michael J Goedken
- Office of Translational Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel Rommelaere
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Lionel Chasson
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - José E Manautou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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Machado MV, Kruger L, Jewell ML, Michelotti GA, Pereira TDA, Xie G, Moylan CA, Diehl AM. Vitamin B5 and N-Acetylcysteine in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Preclinical Study in a Dietary Mouse Model. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:137-48. [PMID: 26403427 PMCID: PMC4703517 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one cause of chronic liver disease and second indication for liver transplantation in the Western world. Effective therapy is still not available. Previously we showed a critical role for caspase-2 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the potentially progressive form of NAFLD. An imbalance between free coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl-CoA ratio is known to induce caspase-2 activation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate CoA metabolism and the effects of supplementation with CoA precursors, pantothenate and cysteine, in mouse models of NASH. METHODS CoA metabolism was evaluated in methionine-choline deficient (MCD) and Western diet mouse models of NASH. MCD diet-fed mice were treated with pantothenate and N-acetylcysteine or placebo to determine effects on NASH. RESULTS Liver free CoA content was reduced, pantothenate kinase (PANK), the rate-limiting enzyme in the CoA biosynthesis pathway, was down-regulated, and CoA degrading enzymes were increased in mice with NASH. Decreased hepatic free CoA content was associated with increased caspase-2 activity and correlated with worse liver cell apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Treatment with pantothenate and N-acetylcysteine did not inhibit caspase-2 activation, improve NASH, normalize PANK expression, or restore free CoA levels in MCD diet-fed mice. CONCLUSION In mice with NASH, hepatic CoA metabolism is impaired, leading to decreased free CoA content, activation of caspase-2, and increased liver cell apoptosis. Dietary supplementation with CoA precursors did not restore CoA levels or improve NASH, suggesting that alternative approaches are necessary to normalize free CoA during NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Verdelho Machado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leandi Kruger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mark L Jewell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Gregory Alexander Michelotti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Thiago de Almeida Pereira
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Guanhua Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cynthia A Moylan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 905 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Naquet P, Giessner C, Galland F. Metabolic adaptation of tissues to stress releases metabolites influencing innate immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 38:30-8. [PMID: 26605965 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments have demonstrated that metabolic rewiring imposed by adaptation of tissues to stress leads to the release of various metabolites which directly or indirectly impact innate immune responses and inflammation. Some metabolites can behave as second messengers and leave local cues in tissues. Immune cells which infiltrate stressed tissues reorient their metabolism to cope with these microenvironmental cues while preserving their effector functions in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Naquet
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - Caroline Giessner
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
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Rommelaere S, Millet V, Rihet P, Atwell S, Helfer E, Chasson L, Beaumont C, Chimini G, Sambo MDR, Viallat A, Penha-Gonçalves C, Galland F, Naquet P. Serum pantetheinase/vanin levels regulate erythrocyte homeostasis and severity of malaria. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:3039-52. [PMID: 26343328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue pantetheinase, encoded by the VNN1 gene, regulates response to stress, and previous studies have shown that VNN genes contribute to the susceptibility to malaria. Herein, we evaluated the role of pantetheinase on erythrocyte homeostasis and on the development of malaria in patients and in a new mouse model of pantetheinase insufficiency. Patients with cerebral malaria have significantly reduced levels of serum pantetheinase activity (PA). In mouse, we show that a reduction in serum PA predisposes to severe malaria, including cerebral malaria and severe anemia. Therefore, scoring pantetheinase in serum may serve as a severity marker in malaria infection. This disease triggers an acute stress in erythrocytes, which enhances cytoadherence and hemolysis. We speculated that serum pantetheinase might contribute to erythrocyte resistance to stress under homeostatic conditions. We show that mutant mice with a reduced serum PA are anemic and prone to phenylhydrazine-induced anemia. A cytofluorometric and spectroscopic analysis documented an increased frequency of erythrocytes with an autofluorescent aging phenotype. This is associated with an enhanced oxidative stress and shear stress-induced hemolysis. Red blood cell transfer and bone marrow chimera experiments show that the aging phenotype is not cell intrinsic but conferred by the environment, leading to a shortening of red blood cell half-life. Therefore, serum pantetheinase level regulates erythrocyte life span and modulates the risk of developing complicated malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Rommelaere
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Millet
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Rihet
- Technological Advances for Genomics and Clinics (TAGC), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR_S 1090, INSERM U1090, Marseille, France
| | - Scott Atwell
- Marseilles Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7325, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Marseilles Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7325, Marseille, France
| | - Lionel Chasson
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Beaumont
- Biomedical Research Center Bichat-Beaujon, Université Paris Diderot, INSERM U773, Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Chimini
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | | | - Annie Viallat
- Marseilles Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7325, Marseille, France
| | | | - Franck Galland
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France.
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université (UM2), the National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1104, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France.
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42
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Raza-Iqbal S, Tanaka T, Anai M, Inagaki T, Matsumura Y, Ikeda K, Taguchi A, Gonzalez FJ, Sakai J, Kodama T. Transcriptome Analysis of K-877 (a Novel Selective PPARα Modulator (SPPARMα))-Regulated Genes in Primary Human Hepatocytes and the Mouse Liver. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:754-72. [PMID: 26040752 DOI: 10.5551/jat.28720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Selective PPARα modulators (SPPARMα) are under development for use as next-generation lipid lowering drugs. In the current study, to predict the pharmacological and toxicological effects of a novel SPPARMα K-877, comprehensive transcriptome analyses of K-877-treated primary human hepatocytes and mouse liver tissue were carried out. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from the K-877 treated primary human hepatocytes and mouse liver and adopted to the transcriptome analysis. Using a cluster analysis, commonly and species specifically regulated genes were identified. Also, the profile of genes regulated by K-877 and fenofibrate were compared to examine the influence of different SPPARMα on the liver gene expression. RESULTS Consequently, a cell-based transactivation assay showed that K-877 activates PPARα with much greater potency and selectivity than fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of clinically used fenofibrate. K-877 upregulates the expression of several fatty acid β-oxidative genes in human hepatocytes and the mouse liver. Almost all genes up- or downregulated by K-877 treatment in the mouse liver were also regulated by fenofibrate treatment. In contrast, the K-877-regulated genes in the mouse liver were not affected by K-877 treatment in the Ppara-null mouse liver. Depending on the species, the peroxisomal biogenesis-related gene expression was robustly induced in the K-877-treated mouse liver, but not human hepatocytes, thus suggesting that the clinical dose of K-877 may not induce peroxisome proliferation or liver toxicity in humans. Notably, K-877 significantly induces the expression of clinically beneficial target genes (VLDLR, FGF21, ABCA1, MBL2, ENPEP) in human hepatocytes. CONCLUSION These results indicate that changes in the gene expression induced by K-877 treatment are mainly mediated through PPARα activation. K-877 regulates the hepatic gene expression as a SPPARMα and thus may improve dyslipidemia as well as metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, without untoward side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raza-Iqbal
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine (LSBM), Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), University of Tokyo
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Abstract
Pantetheinase is an ubiquitous enzyme which hydrolyses D-pantetheine into cysteamine and pantothenate (vitamin B5) on the dissimilative pathway of CoA. Pantetheinase isoforms are encoded by the Vnn (vanin) genes and Vnn1 is the predominant tissue isoform in mice and humans. In the present article, we review the results showing the regulation of Vnn1 expression during developmental, repair and inflammatory situations and the impact of a Vnn1 deficiency in mouse models of pathologies. We document the involvement of the Vnn1 pantetheinase in situations of increased tissue needs and propose that Vnn1 through recycling of pantothenate and release of cysteamine in tissues participates in the adaptive response of the tissue to stress.
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44
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Chemical biology tools to study pantetheinases of the vanin family. Biochem Soc Trans 2015; 42:1052-5. [PMID: 25110001 DOI: 10.1042/bst20140074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
VNNs (vanins) are pantetheinases that hydrolyse pantetheine to pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Studies with Vnn1-knockout mice have indicated a role of VNN-1 in inflammation and stress responses. VNN-1 is highly expressed in liver and is under transcriptional control of PPAR (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor)-α and nutritional status, suggesting a role in energy metabolism. Recently, the specific substrates and inhibitors of VNNs were obtained as tools to study VNN biology and to investigate whether VNNs are potential drug targets. Oral administration of RR6, a pantothenone with nanomolar anti-VNN potency, completely inhibited plasma VNN activity in rats and showed favourable pharmacokinetics. Prolonged RR6 administration caused alterations of hepatic and plasma lipid concentrations upon fasting. VNN inhibitors were found to protect pantothenamides (pantetheine analogues with antibiotic activity) against breakdown by plasma VNN, thereby preserving their antibiotic activity. Combination of pantothenamides with a VNN inhibitor showed a strong activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pneumoniae when assayed in the presence of 10% serum. Recent studies have reported plasma stable pantothenamides that were active against the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We conclude that VNN inhibitors and pantothenate derivatives that target enzymes in the CoA (coenzyme A) biosynthetic pathway may have potential use as novel drugs in infection, inflammation and metabolism.
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45
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Pawlak M, Lefebvre P, Staels B. Molecular mechanism of PPARα action and its impact on lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2015; 62:720-33. [PMID: 25450203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 962] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging, together with PPARγ and PPARβ/δ, to the NR1C nuclear receptor subfamily. Many PPARα target genes are involved in fatty acid metabolism in tissues with high oxidative rates such as muscle, heart and liver. PPARα activation, in combination with PPARβ/δ agonism, improves steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in pre-clinical models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, identifying a new potential therapeutic area. In this review, we discuss the transcriptional activation and repression mechanisms by PPARα, the spectrum of target genes and chromatin-binding maps from recent genome-wide studies, paying particular attention to PPARα-regulation of hepatic fatty acid and plasma lipoprotein metabolism during nutritional transition, and of the inflammatory response. The role of PPARα, together with other PPARs, in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis will be discussed in light of available pre-clinical and clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pawlak
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508, F-59000 Lille, France; Université Lille 2, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm UMR 1011, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Lefebvre
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508, F-59000 Lille, France; Université Lille 2, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm UMR 1011, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508, F-59000 Lille, France; Université Lille 2, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm UMR 1011, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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46
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Boersma YL, Newman J, Adams TE, Cowieson N, Krippner G, Bozaoglu K, Peat TS. The structure of vanin 1: a key enzyme linking metabolic disease and inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:3320-9. [PMID: 25478849 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714022767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although part of the coenzyme A pathway, vanin 1 (also known as pantetheinase) sits on the cell surface of many cell types as an ectoenzyme, catalyzing the breakdown of pantetheine to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and cysteamine, a strong reducing agent. Vanin 1 was initially discovered as a protein involved in the homing of leukocytes to the thymus. Numerous studies have shown that vanin 1 is involved in inflammation, and more recent studies have shown a key role in metabolic disease. Here, the X-ray crystal structure of human vanin 1 at 2.25 Å resolution is presented, which is the first reported structure from the vanin family, as well as a crystal structure of vanin 1 bound to a specific inhibitor. These structures illuminate how vanin 1 can mediate its biological roles by way of both enzymatic activity and protein-protein interactions. Furthermore, it sheds light on how the enzymatic activity is regulated by a novel allosteric mechanism at a domain interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ykelien L Boersma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janet Newman
- CSIRO Biosciences Program, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Timothy E Adams
- CSIRO Biosciences Program, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nathan Cowieson
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Guy Krippner
- Baker IDI, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Kiymet Bozaoglu
- Baker IDI, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Thomas S Peat
- CSIRO Biosciences Program, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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47
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Sox17 regulates liver lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104925. [PMID: 25141153 PMCID: PMC4139292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is a major regulator of lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting, a process involving PPARalpha activation. We recently showed that the Vnn1 gene is a PPARalpha target gene in liver and that release of the Vanin-1 pantetheinase in serum is a biomarker of PPARalpha activation. Here we set up a screen to identify new regulators of adaptation to fasting using the serum Vanin-1 as a marker of PPARalpha activation. Mutagenized mice were screened for low serum Vanin-1 expression. Functional interactions with PPARalpha were investigated by combining transcriptomic, biochemical and metabolic approaches. We characterized a new mutant mouse in which hepatic and serum expression of Vanin-1 is depressed. This mouse carries a mutation in the HMG domain of the Sox17 transcription factor. Mutant mice display a metabolic phenotype featuring lipid abnormalities and inefficient adaptation to fasting. Upon fasting, a fraction of the PPARα-driven transcriptional program is no longer induced and associated with impaired fatty acid oxidation. The transcriptional phenotype is partially observed in heterozygous Sox17+/− mice. In mutant mice, the fasting phenotype but not all transcriptomic signature is rescued by the administration of the PPARalpha agonist fenofibrate. These results identify a novel role for Sox17 in adult liver as a modulator of the metabolic adaptation to fasting.
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48
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van Diepen JA, Jansen PA, Ballak DB, Hijmans A, Hooiveld GJ, Rommelaere S, Galland F, Naquet P, Rutjes FPJT, Mensink RP, Schrauwen P, Tack CJ, Netea MG, Kersten S, Schalkwijk J, Stienstra R. PPAR-alpha dependent regulation of vanin-1 mediates hepatic lipid metabolism. J Hepatol 2014; 61:366-72. [PMID: 24751833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a key regulator of hepatic fat oxidation that serves as an energy source during starvation. Vanin-1 has been described as a putative PPARα target gene in liver, but its function in hepatic lipid metabolism is unknown. METHODS We investigated the regulation of vanin-1, and total vanin activity, by PPARα in mice and humans. Furthermore, the function of vanin-1 in the development of hepatic steatosis in response to starvation was examined in Vnn1 deficient mice, and in rats treated with an inhibitor of vanin activity. RESULTS Liver microarray analyses reveals that Vnn1 is the most prominently regulated gene after modulation of PPARα activity. In addition, activation of mouse PPARα regulates hepatic- and plasma vanin activity. In humans, consistent with regulation by PPARα, plasma vanin activity increases in all subjects after prolonged fasting, as well as after treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate. In mice, absence of vanin-1 exacerbates the fasting-induced increase in hepatic triglyceride levels. Similarly, inhibition of vanin activity in rats induces accumulation of hepatic triglycerides upon fasting. Microarray analysis reveal that the absence of vanin-1 associates with gene sets involved in liver steatosis, and reduces pathways involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We show that hepatic vanin-1 is under extremely sensitive regulation by PPARα and that plasma vanin activity could serve as a readout of changes in PPARα activity in human subjects. In addition, our data propose a role for vanin-1 in regulation of hepatic TG levels during fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna A van Diepen
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick A Jansen
- Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dov B Ballak
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Hijmans
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Rommelaere
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1104, Marseille, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1104, Marseille, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1104, Marseille, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kersten
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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49
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Latre de Late P, El Wakil A, Jarjat M, de Krijger RR, Heckert LL, Naquet P, Lalli E. Vanin-1 inactivation antagonizes the development of adrenocortical neoplasia in Sf-1 transgenic mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2349-54. [PMID: 24712878 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SF-1 (NR5A1) overexpression can induce adrenocortical tumor formation in transgenic mice and is associated with more severe prognosis in patients with adrenocortical cancer. In this study we have identified Vanin-1 (Vnn1), a SF-1 target gene, as a novel modulator of the tumorigenic effect of Sf-1 overexpression in the adrenal cortex. Vanin-1 is endowed with pantetheinase activity, releasing cysteamine in tissues and regulating cell response to oxidative stress by modulating the production of glutathione. Sf-1 transgenic mice developed adrenocortical neoplastic lesions (both dysplastic and nodular) with a frequency increasing with age. Genetic ablation of the Vnn1 gene in Sf-1 transgenic mice significantly reduced the severity of neoplastic lesions in the adrenal cortex. This effect could be reversed by treatment of Sf-1 transgenic/Vnn1 null mice with cysteamine. These data show that alteration of the mechanisms controlling intracellular redox and detoxification mechanisms is relevant to the pathogenesis of adrenocortical neoplasia induced by SF-1 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perle Latre de Late
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS (P.L.D.L., A.E.W., M.J., E.L.) Valbonne 06560, France; Associated International Laboratory for the Study of the ALterations of Gene Expression in Childhood Cancers CNRS (P.L.D.L., A.E.W., M.J., E.L.), Valbonne 06560, France; Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis (P.L.D.L., A.E.W., M.J., E.L.), Valbonne 06560, France; Department of Pathology (R.R.K.), Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (L.L.H.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160; Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (P.N.), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (P.N.), U1104, Marseille, France; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (P.N.), UMR7280, Marseille, France
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50
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Abstract
Vanin-1 (VNN1) is a liver-enriched oxidative stress sensor that has been implicated in the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways. Clinical investigations indicated that the levels of VNN1 were increased in the urine and blood of diabetic patients, but the physiological significance of this phenomenon remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the hepatic expression of VNN1 was induced in fasted mice or mice with insulin resistance. Gain- and loss-of-function studies indicated that VNN1 increased the expression of gluconeogenic genes and hepatic glucose output, which led to hyperglycemia. These effects of VNN1 on gluconeogenesis were mediated by the regulation of the Akt signaling pathway. Mechanistically, vnn1 transcription was activated by the synergistic interaction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF-4α). A chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that PGC-1α was present near the HNF-4α binding site on the proximal vnn1 promoter and activated the chromatin structure. Taken together, our results suggest an important role for VNN1 in regulating hepatic gluconeogenesis. Therefore, VNN1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic diseases caused by overactivated gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunqi Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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