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Forouhar Z, Abbasipour H, Karimi J. Effects of Melia azedarach extract on demographic and biochemical characteristics of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae. Toxicon 2024; 247:107851. [PMID: 38969015 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Aphididae: Hemiptera) a destructive aphid, is native to Europe and is now found in many other parts of the world. Currently, one of the main problems of Iranian cabbage growers is the significant damage caused by this pest. Also, due to the fresh eating of cabbage, it is necessary to use non-chemical methods to control the pests. Our bioassay tests showed that Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) fruit extract showed high toxicity to cabbage aphid. In this study, sublethal effects of M. azedarach extract was investigated on some demographic and biochemical properties of B. brassicae. The results showed that the sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC20) and LC50 values were 0.68, 1.16, and 3.42 μg/ml, respectively. Compared to the control, sublethal concentrations of insecticide significantly decreased the gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), intrinsic rate of birth (b), intrinsic rate of death (d), weekly growth rate (rw), reproductive rate and adult longevity of the pest. Meanwhile, the mean generation time (T) and population doubling time (DT) of this aphid increased significantly. Additionally, sublethal doses of insecticide reduced the energy reserves of the pest such as carbohydrate, protein and lipid content compared to the controls. In addition to modify the pH, this extract also changed the distribution and concentration of sodium and potassium ions in haemolymph. Therefore, sublethal concentrations of M. Azedarach fruit extract can be used in the management program of B. brassicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Forouhar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Habib Abbasipour
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jaber Karimi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Zeng S, Chen Z, Huang L, Li C, Wang P, Qin D, Gao L. A highly efficient and selective rapid detection method applied to the detection of amide herbicides in fish serum. Food Chem 2024; 449:139215. [PMID: 38581791 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Misuse of amide herbicides in the fisheries environment can pose unpredictable harm to aquatic products and ultimately human health. Thus, the development of a real-time, rapid on-site detection method is crucial. This study proposes for the first time, a paper-based visual detection method for amide herbicides in fish serum, by coating the molecularly imprinted polymer layer onto quantum dots, prepared fluorescent sensing materials (QDs@MIPs) for the detection of amide herbicides in aquatic products. These materials specifically cause fluorescence quenching in the presence of amide herbicides resulting in a color change. For practical application, this research designed a rapid test strip based on QDs@MIPs, meanwhile, incorporate a smartphone or a fluorescence spectrophotometer for qualitative and quantitative measurements, the limit of detection ranges of 0.061-0.500 μM. The method can be used for on-site evaluation of aquatic products, providing new technology for monitoring the safety of aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sili Zeng
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhongxiang Chen
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China
| | - Li Huang
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China
| | - Chenhui Li
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China
| | - Dongli Qin
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100141, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100141, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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Šulc L, Figueiredo D, Huss A, Kalina J, Gregor P, Janoš T, Šenk P, Dalecká A, Andrýsková L, Kodeš V, Čupr P. Current-use pesticide exposure pathways in Czech adults and children from the CELSPAC-SPECIMEn cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108297. [PMID: 37939438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to characterise exposure to pyrethroids, organophosphates, and tebuconazole through multiple pathways in 110 parent-child pairs participating in the CELSPAC-SPECIMEn study. METHODS First, we estimated the daily intake (EDI) of pesticides based on measured urinary metabolites. Second, we compared EDI with estimated pesticide intake from food. We used multiple linear regression to identify the main predictors of urinary pesticide concentrations. We also assessed the relationship between urinary pesticide concentrations and organic and non-organic food consumption while controlling for a range of factors. Finally, we employed a model to estimate inhalation and dermal exposure due to spray drift and volatilization after assuming pesticide application in crop fields. RESULTS EDI was often higher in children in comparison to adults, especially in the winter season. A comparison of food intake estimates and EDI suggested diet as a critical pathway of tebuconazole exposure, less so in the case of organophosphates. Regression models showed that consumption per g of peaches/apricots was associated with an increase of 0.37% CI [0.23% to 0.51%] in urinary tebuconazole metabolite concentrations. Consumption of white bread was associated with an increase of 0.21% CI [0.08% to 0.35%], and consumption of organic strawberries was inversely associated (-61.52% CI [-79.34% to -28.32%]), with urinary pyrethroid metabolite concentrations. Inhalation and dermal exposure seemed to represent a relatively small contribution to pesticide exposure as compared to dietary intake. CONCLUSION In our study population, findings indicate diet plays a significant role in exposure to the analysed pesticides. We found an influence of potential exposure due to spray drift and volatilization among the subpopulation residing near presumably sprayed crop fields to be minimal in comparison. However, the lack of data indicating actual spraying occurred during the critical 24-hour period prior to urine sample collection could be a significant contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Šulc
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Figueiredo
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jiří Kalina
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gregor
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Janoš
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šenk
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dalecká
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Kodeš
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Li Y, Ten MMZ, Tham CAT, Lim YX, Lu Y, Li D. Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis juice enhances Bacillus subtilis selectively in leafy green production. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 15:229-238. [PMID: 36916773 PMCID: PMC10464693 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis (BS) is a well-known beneficial microorganism for plants but is not competitive in the plant rhizosphere microbiome. We report the selective support of Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis (Xiao Bai Cai) juice (XBCJ) on BS both in hydroponic nutrient solution and the plant rhizosphere of lettuce. After 2 weeks of being inoculated in the lettuce rhizosphere, the Bacillus population was enumerated at 3.30 ± 0.07 log CFU/unit in the BS group and at 5.20 ± 0.39 log CFU/unit in the BS + XBCJ group (p < 0.05). Accordingly, lettuce crops from the BS + XBCJ group were significantly higher than the control group for all of the tested biomass-related parameters (p < 0.05). The treatment did not significantly affect the texture, colour, moisture contents, total phenolic contents, or antioxidant activities of the lettuce crops (p > 0.05). Non-target ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) suggested that phenolic compounds could be the key class of phytochemicals being responsible for the selectivity. High-throughput RNA-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis were performed to depict the influence of BS and XBCJ over the global microbiome compositions of plant rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyue Li
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Michelle Mei Zhen Ten
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Cliff An Ting Tham
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yan Xi Lim
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yuyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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Li Q, Zhang J, Lin T, Fan C, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li J. Migration behavior and dietary exposure risk assessment of pesticides residues in honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) based on modified QuEChERS method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112572. [PMID: 36914339 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The honeysuckle was widely appreciated as tea beverage owing to the biological activities and the unique aroma and flavor. It is in urgent requirement to explore the migration behavior and dietary exposure as the pesticide residues would bring about potential risks through honeysuckle intake. The optimized QuEChERS procedure coupled with the HPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods were employed to determine 93 pesticide residues of seven classifications including carbamates, pyrethroid, triazoles, neonicotinoids, organophosphorus, organochlorine, and others for 93 honeysuckle samples from four primary production bases. As a result, 86.02% of the samples were contaminated by at least one pesticide. Unexpectedly, the banned pesticide of carbofuran was also identified. The migration behavior of metolcarb was the highest, whereas thiabendazole contributed less risk to the infusion with relative lower transfer rate. Both the chronic and acute exposure yielded low risk for human health with five high risk pesticides of dichlorvos, cyhalothrin, carbofuran, ethomyl, and pyridaben. Besides, this study provides foundation of dietary exposure risk assessment for honeysuckle and other likewise products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 11 Ronghua South Road, 100176 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Chunlin Fan
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 11 Ronghua South Road, 100176 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, PR China.
| | - Zijuan Zhang
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 11 Ronghua South Road, 100176 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, China.
| | - Jianxun Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, PR China.
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6
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He J, Zhang K, Wang L, Du Y, Yang Y, Yuan C. Highly efficient degradation of cypermethrin by a co-culture of Rhodococcus sp. JQ-L and Comamonas sp. A-3. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1003820. [PMID: 36188009 PMCID: PMC9522905 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cypermethrin is an important synthetic pyrethroid pesticide that widely used to control pests in agriculture. However, extensive use has caused its residue and the metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) to seriously pollute the environments and agricultural products. In this study, a highly efficient cypermethrin-degrading bacterial consortium was acclimated from long-term pyrethroid-contaminated soil. Two strains, designated JQ-L and A-3, were screened from the consortium, and identified as Rhodococcus sp. and Comamonas sp., respectively. Strain JQ-L transformed 100 mg/L of cypermethrin to 3-PBA within 60 h of incubation; however, 3-PBA could not be further degraded by the strain. Strain A-3 utilized 3-PBA as sole carbon for growth, and completely degraded 100 mg/L of 3-PBA within 15 h of incubation. Co-culture of JQ-L and A-3 completely degraded 100 mg/L of cypermethrin within 24 h of incubation. Furthermore, a complete catabolic pathway of cypermethrin and the metabolite 3-PBA by the co-culture was proposed. This study provided a promising strategy for efficient elimination of cypermethrin residue-contaminated environments and agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingchun Du
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cansheng Yuan
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Lv X, Chang Q, Li H, Liang S, Zhe Z, Shen S, Pang G. Risk assessment of carbofuran residues in fruits and vegetables at the Chinese market: A 7-year survey. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113667. [PMID: 35643028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations designated 2021 as the International Year of Fruits and Vegetables (IYFV), with the goal of educating populations regarding the role of such produce in nutrition, food safety, and overall health. Carbofuran is a highly toxic insecticide and nematocide, and its use to treat fruit trees, vegetables, tea, and medicinal herbs is thus prohibited. However, carbofuran residues are still detectable via LC-Q-TOF/MS in fruit and vegetable samples collected from 138 sites in 31 regions. In the present study, carbofuran levels were sampled at 1388 sampling sites in 31 regions (provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities) not including Hong Kong, Macao, or Taiwan. In total, over 36,000 samples (including 12,547 samples of 41 kinds of fruits and 23,785 samples of 83 kinds of vegetables) were randomly collected from supermarkets and farmer's markets. These data were used to conduct a risk assessment pertaining to dietary carbofuran exposure through the consumption of fruits and vegetables. In total, carbofuran residues were detectable in 2.0% of fruits and 2.3% of vegetables. Risk assessments indicated that the intake of fruits and vegetables harboring carbofuran residues did not pose a chronic health risk. However, peaches, grapes, sweet peppers, celery, Chinese chives, leaf lettuce, spinach, small rape, mustard greens, cucumbers, watermelons, Chinese wolfberry leaves, wax gourds, snap beans, bitter melons, green Chinese vegetables, lettuce, shallot, cowpeas, eggplants, tomatoes, tangerines, summer squash, oranges, lemons, Chinese cabbage, peppers, and strawberries were associated with an unacceptable acute risk to both children and adults. Moreover, crown daisies, nectarines, citrus fruits, pitayas, melons, kale, cabbages, milk Chinese cabbage, carrots, and melons were associated with an unacceptable acute risk to children. Substantial acute risk to children and adults was observed for fruits and vegetables from surveyed regions other than Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Liaoning, Fujian, Xinjiang, and Hubei. Together, these data provide a foundation for future research aimed at the management of carbofuran residues in fruits and vegetables in an effort to better protect consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechong Lv
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qiaoying Chang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shuxuan Liang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhao Zhe
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shigang Shen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Guofang Pang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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Ping H, Wang B, Li C, Li Y, Ha X, Jia W, Li B, Ma Z. Potential health risk of pesticide residues in greenhouse vegetables under modern urban agriculture: A case study in Beijing, China. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Three in One: The Potential of Brassica By-Products against Economic Waste, Environmental Hazard, and Metabolic Disruption in Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124194. [PMID: 34959745 PMCID: PMC8708897 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A large amount of waste is generated within the different steps of the food supply chain, representing a significant loss of natural resources, plant material, and economic value for producers and consumers. During harvesting and processing, many parts of edible plants are not sold for consumption and end up as massive waste, adding environmental hazards to the list of concerns regarding food wastage. Examples are Brassica oleracea var. Italica (broccoli) by-products, which represent 75% of the plant mass. A growing concern in the Western world is obesity, which results from incorrect lifestyles and comprises an extensive array of co-morbidities. Several studies have linked these co-morbidities to increased oxidative stress; thus, naturally occurring and readily available antioxidant compounds are an attractive way to mitigate metabolic diseases. The idea of by-products selected for their biomedical value is not novel. However, there is innovation underlying the use of Brassica by-products in the context of obesity. For this reason, Brassica by-products are prime candidates to be used in the treatment of obesity due to its bioactive compounds, such as sulforaphane, which possess antioxidant activity. Here, we review the economic and health potential of Brassica bioactive compounds in the context of obesity.
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Kermani M, Dowlati M, Gholami M, Sobhi HR, Azari A, Esrafili A, Yeganeh M, Ghaffari HR. A global systematic review, meta-analysis and health risk assessment on the quantity of Malathion, Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos in Vegetables. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:129382. [PMID: 33418228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is widely believed that an increasing trend in the production and consumption of vegetables has led to a dramatic rise in the use of pesticides potentially threatening the health of consumers around the world. This systematic study along with meta-analysis has mainly centered on the evaluation of the quantity of three well-known pesticides namely, Malathion (MLT), Diazinon (DZN) and Chlorpyrifos (CPF) in vegetables. In this regard, a comprehensive literature search has been performed over the last decade (January 1, 2011 to June 21, 2020) within the scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Of 1239 articles identified through the database screening, 22 plus 37 data report were retained and included in the meta-analysis phase. Additionally, the probabilistic human health risks for the consumers due to the intake of CPF, DZN and MLT from eating vegetables were estimated by the Monte Carlo Simulated (MCS) method. According to the findings, the maximum quantities of MLT, DZN and CPF in the vegetables were observed in Pakistan (222 μg/kg, 95%CI = 214.94-229.08), Thailand (245.00, 95% CI = 235.2-254.8) and South Korea (440 μg/kg, 95% CI = 437.19-442.81), while the lowest concentration levels were reported in China (1.7 μg/kg, 95% CI = 1.56-1.84), Poland (0.57, 95% CI = 0.46-0.68) and Poland (5.78 μg/kg, 95% CI = 4.40-7.12), respectively. The results of the Egger's and the Begg's tests revealed that no bias with regard to the potential publication was observed. Finally, non-carcinogenic risk assessment results demonstrated that the exposure to the studied pesticides thorough vegetables consumption could not threaten the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kermani
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Dowlati
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Health Management and Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Azari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Yeganeh
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Ghaffari
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Qiu J, Zhang T, Zhu F, Ouyang G. In vivo monitoring and exposure potency assessment of phase I metabolism of fenthion in vegetables. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123013. [PMID: 32526427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the phase I metabolism of fenthion was monitored in three common vegetables in different chamber situations via an in vivo solid-phase microextraction method. The phase I metabolic pathways of fenthion were evaluated based on the in vivo monitoring results and their comparisons among the chamber situations. Enzyme catalysis was found to play a basic and dominant role, whereas light catalysis could promote subsequent transformations that were difficult for enzyme catalysis. Moreover, according to the concentrations of the metabolites and their toxicity, the total concentrations and total toxicity weighted concentrations were calculated to reveal actual residual levels. The relative total and weighted exposure potency values were calculated to account for the fact that only the parent pesticide was considered in the diet exposure risk assessment. In result, both total and weighted approaches indicated a much higher exposure risk. Present study uncovered the potential pesticide exposure risk associated with phase I metabolism and highlighted the toxicity weighted approach, both of which more realistically reflect the exposure risk than the parent compound concentration does. In general, this study may facilitate further illustrating the phase I metabolism of ubiquitous agricultural pesticides, and provide a more realistically understanding of their exposure risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Tianlang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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12
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Horská T, Kocourek F, Stará J, Holý K, Mráz P, Krátký F, Kocourek V, Hajšlová J. Evaluation of Pesticide Residue Dynamics in Lettuce, Onion, Leek, Carrot and Parsley. Foods 2020; 9:E680. [PMID: 32466205 PMCID: PMC7278720 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of 32 active substances contained in pesticide formulations (15 fungicides and 17 insecticides) were analyzed in iceberg lettuce, onion, leek, carrot, and parsley. Pesticide residues were monitored from the time of application until harvest. In total, 114 mathematical models of residue dissipation were developed using a first-order kinetic equation. Based on these models, it was possible to predict the action pre-harvest interval (the time between the last pesticide application and crop harvest) needed to attain a targeted action threshold (value significantly lower than the maximum limit) for low-residue vegetable production. In addition, it was possible to determine an action pre-harvest interval based on an action threshold of 0.01 mg kg-1 to produce vegetables intended for zero-residue production. The highest amount of pesticide residues were found in carrot and parsley leaves several days after treatment, and pesticide dissipation was generally slow. Lower amounts were found in leeks and lettuce, but pesticide dissipation was faster in lettuce. According to our findings, it seems feasible to apply reduced pesticide amounts to stay below unwanted residue levels. However, understanding the effectivity of reduced pesticide application for controlling relevant pest organisms requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Horská
- Crop Research Institute, Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (F.K.); (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - František Kocourek
- Crop Research Institute, Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (F.K.); (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Jitka Stará
- Crop Research Institute, Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (F.K.); (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Kamil Holý
- Crop Research Institute, Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (F.K.); (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Petr Mráz
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (F.K.); (V.K.)
| | - František Krátký
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (F.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Vladimír Kocourek
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (F.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Jana Hajšlová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (F.K.); (V.K.)
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13
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Fipronil residues and risk assessment of Chinese marketed fruits and vegetables: A long-term investigation over 6 years. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Gao W, Yan M, Xiao Y, Lv Y, Peng C, Wan X, Hou R. Rinsing Tea before Brewing Decreases Pesticide Residues in Tea Infusion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5384-5393. [PMID: 30350971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rinsing dried tea leaves before brewing is a traditional way of preparing rolled oolong tea in China. This study analyzes how rinsing green, black, and oolong tea before brewing affects the levels of pesticide residues in the tea infusion. Eight representative insecticides of different polarities were tracked, namely, three neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam), two organophosphates (dimethoate and malathion), and three pyrethroids (bifenthrin, β-cypermethrin, and fenvalerate). The results showed that the eight pesticides transferred into the rinse water at rates between 0.2 and 24% after 5, 10, 20, or 30 s. Rinsing tea before brewing reduced the pesticide risk levels by 5-59% in the tea infusion. Five functional components, such as epigallocatechin gallate and caffeine, were reduced by 0-11% in the tea infusion. The results can be used to develop an effective method of rinsing tea before brewing that reduces pesticide exposure risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
- Hefei Customs Technology Center , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaning Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
- Hefei Customs Technology Center , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , Anhui 230036 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei , Anhui 230022 , People's Republic of China
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15
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Mohapatra S, Siddamallaiah L, Matadha NY, Udupi VR, Raj DP, Gadigeppa S. Dissipation of neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid, indoxacarb and thiamethoxam on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:130-137. [PMID: 30599430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides such as imidacloprid, indoxacarb and thiamethoxam are widely used for control of a large number of insect pests of pomegranate crop. Their residue levels were evaluated on pomegranate fruits over 2 years during the same cropping season. The QuEChERS analytical method in conjunction with LC-MS/MS was validated to analyse the insecticides on pomegranate fruits with peel (whole fruit), without peel (aril) and in the field soil. The method performance was satisfactory with the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.005 mg/kg which was below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in pomegranate for the 3 compounds. A first order reaction kinetics was observed for the three insecticides with the half -life of degradation of 8-11.1 days for imidacloprid; 7.4-8.4 days for indoxacarb and 9.8-14.2 days for thiamethoxam. Though the insecticides are systemic in nature, the residues in the edible pomegranate aril were always < LOQ. The maximum residue levels of imidacloprid on pomegranate was less than its MRL of 1 mg/kg, so the pre-harvest interval (PHI) required was 1 day only. For indoxacarb, 31-42 days PHI was needed for the residues to reduce to its MRL of 0.02 mg/kg. The PHI of thiamethoxam was 46-77 days, the time required for its residues to reduce to its MRL of 0.01 mg/kg. Higher rainfall possibly facilitated faster dissipation of imidacloprid residues from pomegranate whereas indoxacarb and thiamethoxam remained unaffected. The results of the study can be utilized to incorporate these three chemicals in the plant protection program of pomegranate and fixation of MRL in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudamini Mohapatra
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India.
| | - Lekha Siddamallaiah
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India
| | - Nagapooja Yogendraiah Matadha
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India
| | - Veena Rao Udupi
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India
| | - Danish Poothotathil Raj
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India
| | - Shambulinga Gadigeppa
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, India
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16
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Douglas L, MacKinnon G, Cook G, Duncan H, Briddon A, Seamark S. The risk of chlorpropham cross-contamination of grain in potato stores. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Abdallah O, El Agamy M, Abdelraheem E, Malhat F. Buprofezin dissipation and safety assessment in open field cabbage and cauliflower using GC/ITMS employing an analyte protectant. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4492. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Abdallah
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
- Food Safety Laboratory Buraydah Al‐Qassim Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa El Agamy
- Department of Soil Fertility and Plant NutritionSoil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
| | - Ehab Abdelraheem
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
| | - Farag Malhat
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
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18
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Yao G, Gao J, Zhang C, Jiang W, Wang P, Liu X, Liu D, Zhou Z. Enantioselective degradation of the chiral alpha-cypermethrin and detection of its metabolites in five plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1558-1564. [PMID: 30443721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-cypermethrin (α-cypermethrin), an important chiral pyrethroid insecticide, is frequently detected in human samples. Because of the possible human health risks caused by α-cypermethrin, we studied dynamics, residues, and metabolism of α-cypermethrin in five common vegetables (tomato, cucumber, rape, cabbage, and pepper) on enantiomeric levels after foliar spray. α-Cypermethrin was qualified by a HP-5 column and its enantiomers could be separated by gas chromatograph (GC) using a BGB-172 chiral column. The results of degradation showed that α-cypermethrin dissipated rapidly in vegetables with half-lives being only 2.85-8.88 days. Stereoselective degradation was observed on pepper and cucumber while the two metabolites (cis-DCCA and 3-PBA) of α-cypermethrin were not detected during its dissipation in all plants. This is the first evidence of enantioselective degradation of α-cypermethrin in the five common vegetables and the results should be considered in future environmental risk and food safety evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuntao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Dixit S, Srivastava MP, Sharma YK. Pesticide and Human Health. ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND GREEN TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are known to be one of the extremely useful and incredibly beneficial agents for preventing losses of crops as well as diseases in humans. They are used in a large number of conditions as in farms, orchards, gardens, parks, sports lawn, residences, industrial areas, shops, schools, hospitals, airports, railway lines, drains, on animals, and on people for control of diseases such as scabies and head lice. People are exposed to pesticides in their daily lives through multiple routes of exposure such as occupational or food, water, and air. Many pesticides can be used safely and effectively, but care must be taken while using them. Several pesticides are beneficial in agriculture for killing pests. Yet many times their injurious effects offset the positive ones. Uses of pesticides are apprehension for sustainability of environment and global stability. This chapter aims to discuss pesticides, their types, routes of their exposure, human health concerns related to them, methods to stop using them, and a future scenario of the world after eradicating pesticides.
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20
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Wang Y, Li C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li X. Compound pesticide controlled release system based on the mixture of poly(butylene succinate) and PLA. J Microencapsul 2018; 35:494-503. [PMID: 30395751 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2018.1538265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release system has been widely developed and utilised in agriculture to optimise efficacy and minimise environmental pollution. Here, the azoxystrobin and difenoconazole compound pesticide microsphere was constructed by the solvent evaporation method. Blending poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as shells, in order to increase its entrapment efficiency and match the goal of complex synergism. The resulting microsphere processes high entrapment efficiency with a mean diameter of 7.2 μm. Acute toxicity suggested microsphere on zebrafish was moderate toxicity. Comparative studies revealed that the microsphere had a longer period of sustained release than difenoconazole-azoxystrobin (5:8) 32.5% w/v suspension concentrate (SC). In addition, the concentration ratio of active ingredients closed to the optimum compound stoichiometry, which can achieve the objective of improving the efficacy of the pesticides. These results demonstrated that such a compound pesticide microsphere delivery system may be a considerable potential for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- a Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops , College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China
| | - Chaonan Li
- a Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops , College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- a Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops , College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China
| | - Ying Zhang
- a Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops , College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- a Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops , College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China.,b Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Bio pesticide and Formulating Processing , Changsha , China
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21
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The effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides in apple. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14348. [PMID: 30254277 PMCID: PMC6156411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of fruit bagging on residue behavior and dietary risk for four pesticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, carbendazim and difenoconazole) in apple were investigated. The dissipation behavior of four pesticides were assessed after spraying on three occasions with the first spray at 2 months before harvest and the subsequent sprays at 10-day intervals at recommended doses of 5.4, 45, 135 and 975 g. a.i.ha−1, respectively. The dissipation experiment results demonstrated that apple fruit bagging reduced the initial deposits of four pesticides from 72.2% to 95.3%, prolonged the half-lives from 50.4% to 81.1%. The ultimate residues of abamectin, imidacloprid, carbendazim, and difenoconazole in bagged apple were far below the residues of unbagged apple. The dietary risks of four pesticides were assessed according to the ultimate residues and acceptable daily intakes (ADIs). The hazard quotient (HQ) were 0.013% to 43.415% for different pesticides. Fruit bagging reduced the HQ of four pesticides from 29.7% to 94.8%. Fruit bagging reduced the dietary risk of four pesticides in apple.
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22
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Wang S, Wang J, Wang T, Li C, Wu Z. Effects of ozone treatment on pesticide residues in food: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- College of Food Science; Shenyang Agricultural University; 120 Dongling Rd. 110866 Shenyang China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Food Science; Shenyang Agricultural University; 120 Dongling Rd. 110866 Shenyang China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- College of Food Science; Shenyang Agricultural University; 120 Dongling Rd. 110866 Shenyang China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Food Science; Shenyang Agricultural University; 120 Dongling Rd. 110866 Shenyang China
| | - Zhaoxia Wu
- College of Food Science; Shenyang Agricultural University; 120 Dongling Rd. 110866 Shenyang China
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23
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Xu X, Chen J, Li B, Tang L. Carbendazim residues in vegetables in China between 2014 and 2016 and a chronic carbendazim exposure risk assessment. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Human Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from Kumasi, Ghana. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/3269065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of organochlorine pesticides has been banned worldwide due to their toxicities. However, some farmers use them illegally because of their potency. The aim of this study was to assess the level of organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues and the potential health risk associated with vegetables, soil, and groundwater obtained from farms in Ayigya, Nsenie, Gyenyase, and Kentinkrono in Kumasi, Ghana. A total of 15 samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. The highest mean concentration of 184.10 ± 12.11 µg/kg was recorded for methoxychlor in cabbage from Ayigya. Beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) recorded the lowest mean concentration of 0.20 ± 0.00 µg/kg in cabbage from Ayigya. The combined risk index showed significant health risk to children than adults. The soil samples mainly contained methoxychlor followed by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), aldrin, and other OCPs. Concentrations of total HCHs, total DDTs, and total OCPs in the soil samples ranged from <0.01 to 49.00, <0.01 to 165.81, and <0.01 to 174.91 µg/kg, respectively. Among all HCH and DDT isomers, only β-HCH and p,p′-DDT were detected in some of the water samples. Carcinogenic risk values for β-HCH, aldrin, and p,p′ DDT in the groundwater were found to be >10−6, posing a potentially serious cancer risk to consumers. Moreover, the hazard quotients (HQs) of aldrin exceeded the threshold value of one, indicating that daily exposure is a potential concern.
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25
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Dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and dietary risk assessment of the systemic fungicide metalaxyl in Swiss chard grown under greenhouse conditions. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 92:201-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Farha W, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Jeong JH, Shin HC, Wang J, Shin SS, Shim JH. Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waziha Farha
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Dongjak-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety; Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Sung Shik Shin
- Laboratory of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
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27
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Wang M, Qian Y, Liu X, Wei P, Deng M, Wang L, Wu H, Zhu G. Multiple spectroscopic analyses reveal the fate and metabolism of sulfamide herbicide triafamone in agricultural environments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:107-115. [PMID: 28649038 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Triafamone, a sulfamide herbicide, has been extensively utilized for weed control in rice paddies in Asia. However, its fate and transformation in the environment have not been established. Through a rice paddy microcosm-based simulation trial combined with multiple spectroscopic analyses, we isolated and identified three novel metabolites of triafamone, including hydroxyl triafamone (HTA), hydroxyl triafamone glycoside (HTAG), and oxazolidinedione triafamone (OTA). When triafamone was applied to rice paddies at a concentration of 34.2 g active ingredient/ha, this was predominantly distributed in the paddy soil and water, and then rapidly dissipated in accordance with the first-order rate model, with half-lives of 4.3-11.0 days. As the main transformation pathway, triafamone was assimilated by the rice plants and was detoxified into HTAG, whereas the rest was reduced into HTA with subsequent formation of OTA. At the senescence stage, brown rice had incurred triafamone at a concentration of 0.0016 mg/kg, but the hazard quotient was <1, suggesting that long-term consumption of the triafamone-containing brown rice is relatively safe. The findings of the present study indicate that triafamone is actively metabolized in the agricultural environment, and elucidation of the link between environmental exposure to these triazine or oxazolidinedione moieties that contain metabolites and their potential impacts is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengcen Wang
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Deng
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Huiming Wu
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide & Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Kabir MH, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Kim SW, Lee HS, Chung HS, Do JA, Jeong JH, Chang BJ, Chang MI, Shin HC, Shim JH. Dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and hazard quotient assessments of pesticides flubendiamide and fluopicolide in Korean melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) grown under regulated conditions in plastic greenhouses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22241-22250. [PMID: 28799066 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9880-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and hazard quotient (HQ) assessments of the pesticides flubendiamide and fluopicolide were conducted for Korean melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) cultivated at two different sites. A single extraction and cleanup procedure was carried out using acetone (partitioned with dichloromethane) and amino solid-phase extraction cartridges, respectively. Residue analysis was performed by HPLC with ultraviolet detection. Both pesticides showed excellent linearity with correlation coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9996 for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively. The accuracy (expressed as recovery %) at three spiking levels was 92.0-103.6 and 82.8-105.3%, and the precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) was 1.7-3.4 and 2.7-5.3% for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively. The initial residues of flubendiamide/fluopicolide were 0.326/0.376 and 0.206/0.298 mg/kg at sites 1 and 2, respectively. These amounts were substantially lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs = 1 and 0.5 mg/kg for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively) established by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The half-lives of flubendiamide were 5.8 and 6.5 days, and those of fluopicolide were 6.7 and 9.1 days at sites 1 and 2, respectively. The shorter half-lives were attributed to seasonal variations (higher temperatures) and enzymatic and metabolic profiling. The risk assessment HQs of flubendiamide were 0.217/0.249 on day 0, which decreased to 0.102/0.168 on day 5, and to 0.065/0.88 on day 10; the HQ values for fluopicolide were 0.029/0.042, 0.022/0.025, and 0.010/0.019 on day 0, day 5, and day 10, for sites 1/2, respectively. From this data, we concluded that the fruits could be consumed safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Humayun Kabir
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Md Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sol Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Suk Chung
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ah Do
- Food Safety Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osongsaengmeyong 2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Ik Chang
- Food Safety Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osongsaengmeyong 2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Quaternary Ammonium Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Modified Quantum Dots as Fluorescent Probes for p-Fluorophenoxyacetic Acid Detection in Aqueous Solution. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:2195-2200. [PMID: 28895010 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The wide use of pesticide p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid has caused the serious environmental contaminant. A novel fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid in aqueous solutions based on 3.0G quaternary ammonium polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer modified quantum dots (QDs) (PAMAM@QDs) was reported. Through the solvent-evaporation method, quaternary ammonium PAMAM was employed to modify the QDs. Poloxamer 188 was used to improve the solubility and stability. The resultant PAMAM@QDs dispersed well in water. Fluorescence (FL) spectroscopic study showed that the FL intensity of the PAMAM@QDs was enhanced in the presence of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid. Under optimal conditions, the enhanced FL intensity as a function of concentration matched very well in the range of 1 ~ 200 µg/mL of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid, while the lower limits of detection were found to be 0.16 µg/mL. These results show that PAMAM@QDs is a promising luminescent probe for the detection of pesticides.
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Kabir MH, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Chung HS, Lee HS, Kim MR, Chang BJ, Wang J, Shin HC, Shim JH. Residual dynamic and risk assessment of dimethomorph in Swiss chard grown at two different sites. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Humayun Kabir
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Suk Chung
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sol Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ra Kim
- Food Safety Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do; Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
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Kabir MH, Rahman MM, Abd El-Aty AM, Chung HS, Lee HS, Park SH, Hacımüftüoğlu F, Chang BJ, Shin HC, Shim JH. Residue analysis of picoxystrobin in oriental melon using gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detection and mass spectrometric confirmation: application to dissipation kinetics and risk assessment. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:1145-1153. [PMID: 30263647 PMCID: PMC6049560 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the residual amounts of picoxystrobin in oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.) grown under plastic house conditions at two different sites. Samples collected over 10 days were extracted using acetonitrile and salting out (using solid sodium chloride) and purified using Florisil SPE cartridges. The analyte was determined using GC-ECD and field-incurred residues were verified using GC-MS. The calibration curve was linear over the range 0.02-2.0 mg/L with a R 2 = 0.9998. The LOD and LOQ were 0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. Recoveries, tested at three spiking levels, were satisfactory with rates in the range 87.7-101.5% and relative standard deviations ≤9.6. The dissipation half-lives were 3.4 and 3.7 days for sites 1 and 2, respectively. Hazard estimates obtained using hazard quotients revealed no health risk from the suggested pesticide application dosage when considering an adult's body weight, oriental melon consumption, and the acceptable daily intake of picoxystrobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Humayun Kabir
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Md. Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211 Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Hyung Suk Chung
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Han Sol Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Sun-Hyang Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538 Korea
| | - Fazil Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Soil Sciences and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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Stachniuk A, Szmagara A, Czeczko R, Fornal E. LC-MS/MS determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:446-457. [PMID: 28353394 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1301755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the research is to evaluate pesticide residue contamination of fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, agricultural raw material, purchased from Polish farmers for production of frozen fruits and vegetables, and the estimation of the multiresidue method effectiveness expressed as the proportion of pesticides detected in food samples to the total number of pesticides analyzed by multiresidue methods. A total of 144 samples (of black currants, red currants, raspberries, cherries, strawberries, blackberries, cauliflowers and broccoli) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 60 pesticides. QuEChERS extraction, matrix-matched calibration and dynamic multiple reaction monitoring method were used. Residues of 15 compounds, mainly fungicides and insecticides, were detected in 46 samples. The percentage of samples with residues above the maximum residue levels (MRL) was 15%, whereas samples with residues below MRL were 17%. A total of 13 samples contained more than one pesticide residue. Pesticide residues were detected most often in samples of black currants (50%), broccoli (36.4%), raspberries (29%) and red currants (21.8%). The most frequently detected pesticides were carbendazim and acetamiprid. The proportion of pesticides detected during our study to the total number of analyzed pesticides amounted to 25%. It was compared to literature findings. For three fourth of multiresidue methods, the proportion was below 50% for methods developed for the analysis of less than 100 pesticides, and below 30% for methods developed for the analysis of more than 100 pesticides. It appears that a lot of efforts and means is lost on pesticides never or rarely detected in examined samples. The workload and cost effectiveness of the development and application of multiresidue methods along with the range of pesticides covered by the method should be carefully and thoroughly considered anytime when a new method or workflow is developed. Including non-targeted screenings in pesticide residue control seems to be an alternative worth considering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stachniuk
- a Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications , Center for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szmagara
- b Laboratory of Composite and Biomimetic Materials, Center for Interdisciplinary Research , The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Renata Czeczko
- c Chemistry Department , University of Live Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Emilia Fornal
- d Chair and Department of Pathophysiology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Yao G, Jing X, Liu C, Wang P, Liu X, Hou Y, Zhou Z, Liu D. Enantioselective degradation of alpha-cypermethrin and detection of its metabolites in bullfrog (rana catesbeiana). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 141:93-97. [PMID: 28319864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bullfrog, as a kind of amphibians, can be easily exposed to varied pollutants in the environment for the reason of its habitats and highly permeable skin. We investigated the degradation kinetics and residues of α-cypermethrin in bullfrog by two different methods of administration for the environmental monitoring the behavior of one of the most used pesticides in the amphibians. The oral administration and water exposure of α-cypermethrin on bullfrog was studied in this work. α-Cypermethrin and its main metabolites of cis-3-(2',2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (cis-DCCA) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), which have been determined that having correlation with a number of epidemic diseases, were detected simultaneously. The method for residue analysis in the bullfrog's organs was validated. The average recoveries for α-cypermethrin were ranged from 71.7% to 100.3% and the limit of quantification was 0.005mg/kg. The average recoveries of its metabolites at levels between 0.002 and 0.5mg/kg ranged between 77.9% and 102.4% with a limit of quantification of 0.002mg/kg. Furthermore, the enantiomers of α-cypermethrin were separated on gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a chiral column of BGB-172 and the metabolites were detected by gas chromatography (GC) after derivatization. After exposure of α-cypermethrin on bullfrog, the enantioselective degradation behavior was observed and its metabolites were detected in bullfrog tissues. The dynamic trends of α-cypermethrin and its metabolites were fitted to a two-compartment model except 3-PBA fitting to one-compartment model in skin. Concentration of α-cypermethrin and its metabolites in bullfrog's organs increased and reached an equilibrium state during water exposure of α-cypermethrin. Liver and kidney were the major organs for α-cypermethrin and its metabolites retention in both experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xu Jing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yinzhu Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - ZhiQiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Farina Y, Abdullah MP, Bibi N, Khalik WMAWM. Determination of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables at parts per billion levels by a chemometric study using GC-ECD in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. Food Chem 2017; 224:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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He Q, Xu XH, Zhang F, Tai YK, Luo YF, He J, Hong Q, Jiang JD, Yan X. Production of chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase from agro-industrial wastewater and its application in raw food cleaning. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2582-2587. [PMID: 27718236 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reduce the fermentation cost for industrialization of chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase (Chd), agro-industrial wastewaters including molasses, corn steep liquor (CSL) and fermentation wastewater were used to substitute for expensive carbon and nitrogen sources and fresh water for lab preparation. RESULTS The results showed that molasses and CSL could replace 5% carbon source and 100% organic nitrogen source respectively to maintain the same fermentation level. Re-fermentation from raffinate of ultra-filtered fermentation wastewater could achieve 61.03% of initial Chd activity and reach 96.39% activity when cultured in a mixture of raffinate and 50% of original medium constituent. Typical raw foods were chosen to evaluate the chlorothalonil removal ability of Chd. After Chd treatment for 2 h at room temperature, 97.40 and 75.55% of 30 mg kg-1 chlorothalonil on cherry tomato and strawberry respectively and 60.29% of 50 mg kg-1 chlorothalonil on Chinese cabbage were removed. Furthermore, the residual activity of the enzyme remained at 78-82% after treatment, suggesting its potential for reuse. CONCLUSION This study proved the cost-feasibility of large-scale production of Chd from agro-industrial wastewater and demonstrated the potential of Chd in raw food cleaning. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin He
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xi-Hui Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu-Kai Tai
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan-Fei Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qing Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Kocourek F, Stará J, Holý K, Horská T, Kocourek V, Kováčová J, Kohoutková J, Suchanová M, Hajšlová J. Evaluation of pesticide residue dynamics in Chinese cabbage, head cabbage and cauliflower. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:980-989. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1311419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- František Kocourek
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Stará
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Holý
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Horská
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kocourek
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kováčová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kohoutková
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Suchanová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajšlová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Antonious GF, Turley ET, Abubakari M, Snyder JC. Dissipation, half-lives, and mass spectrometric identification of chlorpyrifos and its two metabolites on field-grown collard and kale. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:251-255. [PMID: 28080209 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1270683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The persistence and fate of chlorpyrifos and its two metabolites, chlorpyrifos-oxon and the 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) break-down product were investigated on kale and collard leaves under field conditions. A simultaneous extraction and quantification procedure was developed for chrorpyrifos and its two main metabolites. Residues of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, and TCP were determined using a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with an electron capture detector (GC/ECD). Chlorpyrifos metabolites were detectable up to 23 days following application. Residues were confirmed using a GC equipped with a mass selective detector (GC/MSD) in total ion mode. Initial residues of chlorpyrifos were greater on collard (14.5 µg g-1) than kale (8.2 µg g-1) corresponding to half-lives (T1/2) values of 7.4 and 2.2 days, respectively. TCP, the hydrolysis product, was more persistent on collards with an estimated T1/2 of 6.5 days compared to kale (T1/2 of 1.9 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Antonious
- a Division of Environmental Studies, College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA
| | - Eric T Turley
- a Division of Environmental Studies, College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA
| | - Mutari Abubakari
- b Department of Horticulture , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| | - John C Snyder
- b Department of Horticulture , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
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38
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Fu Y, Yang T, Zhao J, Zhang L, Chen R, Wu Y. Determination of eight pesticides in Lycium barbarum by LC-MS/MS and dietary risk assessment. Food Chem 2017; 218:192-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Xu Z, Huan Z, Luo J, Xie D. Simultaneous Determination of Eight Pesticide Residues in Cowpeas by GC-ECD. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 55:1-6. [PMID: 27993860 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and effective method, using gas chromatography (GC) and an electron capture detector (ECD), for the simultaneous quantitative determination of bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, difenoconazole, fenvalerate, procymidone and pyridaben residues in cowpea was developed and validated. The method involved extracting with acetonitrile, purification with a graphitized carbon black/amino solid phase extraction cartridge, and then determining by GC-ECD. Recovery studies were carried out at three spiked levels (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg). The average recoveries at the three spiked levels ranged from 76.6 to 107.0% with relative standard deviations in the range of 1.2-5.6% for all analytes. The quantification limit was 0.01 mg/kg for each pesticide and was less than or equal to the relevant MRLs set by China, the Codex Alimentarius or the European Union. The developed analyzing method was convenient, time and cost saving, environment-friendly and readily available than the traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zhibo Huan
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jinhui Luo
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Defang Xie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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40
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Garcia JM, Teixeira P. Organic versus conventional food: A comparison regarding food safety. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2016.1196490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jankowska M, Kaczynski P, Hrynko I, Lozowicka B. Dissipation of six fungicides in greenhouse-grown tomatoes with processing and health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11885-900. [PMID: 26957431 PMCID: PMC4893063 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the dissipation rate kinetics and estimate the behavior of selected pesticides after washing, peeling, simmering, and canning of tomato expressed as processing factor (PF). Two varieties (Marissa and Harzfeuer) were treated by six fungicides: azoxystrobin, boscalid, chlorothalonil, cyprodinil, fludioxonil, and pyraclostrobin at single and double dose and risk assessment defined as hazard quotient was performed. The QuEChERS method was used for sample preparation followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The dissipation of fungicides approximately fitted to a first-order kinetic model, with half-life values ranging from 2.49 and 2.67 days (cyprodinil) to 5.00 and 5.32 days (chlorothalonil) for Marissa and Harzfeuer variety, respectively. Results from processing studies showed that treatments have significant effects on the removal of the studied fungicides for both varieties. The PFs were generally less than 1 (between 0.01 and 0.90) and did not depend on variety. The dietary exposure assessed based on initial deposits of application at single and double dose on tomatoes and concentration after each process with PF correction showed no concern to consumer health. Our results would be a useful tool for monitoring of fungicides in tomatoes and provide more understanding of residue behavior and risk posed by these fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jankowska
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Plant Protection Institute-National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kaczynski
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Plant Protection Institute-National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Hrynko
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Plant Protection Institute-National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bozena Lozowicka
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Plant Protection Institute-National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
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Lemos J, Sampedro MC, de Ariño A, Ortiz A, Barrio RJ. Risk assessment of exposure to pesticides through dietary intake of vegetables typical of the Mediterranean diet in the Basque Country. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Siddamallaiah L, Mohapatra S. Residue level and dissipation pattern of spiromesifen in cabbage and soil from 2-year field study. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:155. [PMID: 26869045 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spiromesifen is a new class of insecticide used for the control of whiteflies and mites which have developed resistance to the more commonly used neonicotinoids. Dissipation pattern of spiromesifen on cabbage was evaluated over 2 years by conducting supervised field studies as per good agricultural practices. Cabbage and soil samples were extracted and purified using modified QuEChERS method and analyzed through gas chromatography (GC). Confirmatory studies were carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The recoveries of spiromesifen from cabbage and soil were between 85.44 and 103.37% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) between 3.2 and 9.4% (n = 6). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.003 μg mL(-1) and 0.01 mg kg(-1), respectively. The measurement uncertainties (MUs) were within 9.9-14.9%. Initial residues of spiromesifen on cabbage were 0.640 and 1.549 mg kg(-1) during 2013 and 0.723 and 1.438 mg kg(-1) during 2014 from treatments at standard and double doses of 125 and 250 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha(-1), respectively. Spiromesifen residue dissipation followed first-order rate kinetics, and it degraded within the half-lives of 2.9 and 3.9 days during 2013 and 3.2 and 4.5 days during 2014. The residue levels reached below the maximum residue limit (MRL; 0.02 mg kg(-1)) within 15-17 days at the standard dose and 24-27 days at the double dose. The field soil analyzed at harvest (30 days) was free from spiromesifen residues. Metabolite spiromesifen-enol was not detected in any sample which was confirmed through LC-MS/MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Siddamallaiah
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, India
- Center for Post-Graduate Studies, Jain University, Bangalore, 560011, India
| | - Soudamini Mohapatra
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, India.
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Özilgen S, Özilgen M. General Template for the FMEA Applications in Primary Food Processing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 161:29-69. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lozowicka B, Jankowska M, Hrynko I, Kaczynski P. Removal of 16 pesticide residues from strawberries by washing with tap and ozone water, ultrasonic cleaning and boiling. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:51. [PMID: 26694708 PMCID: PMC4688301 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of washing with tap and ozone water, ultrasonic cleaning and boiling on 16 pesticide (ten fungicides and six insecticides) residue levels in raw strawberries were investigated at different processing times (1, 2 and 5 min). An analysis of these pesticides was conducted using gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorous and electron capture detection (GC-NPD/ECD). The processing factor (PF) for each pesticide in each processing technique was determined. Washing with ozonated water was demonstrated to be more effective (reduction from 36.1 to 75.1 %) than washing with tap water (reduction from 19.8 to 68.1 %). Boiling decreased the residues of the most compounds, with reductions ranging from 42.8 to 92.9 %. Ultrasonic cleaning lowered residues for all analysed pesticides with removal of up to 91.2 %. The data indicated that ultrasonic cleaning and boiling were the most effective treatments for the reduction of 16 pesticide residues in raw strawberries, resulting in a lower health risk exposure. Calculated PFs for alpha-cypermethrin were used to perform an acute risk assessment of dietary exposure. To investigate the relationship between the levels of 16 pesticides in strawberry samples and their physicochemical properties, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Lozowicka
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jankowska
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Izabela Hrynko
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaczynski
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
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Mu Z, Feng X, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Trace analysis of three fungicides in animal origin foods with a modified QuEChERS method and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:1515-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhao J, Chi Y, Liu F, Jia D, Yao K. Effects of Two Surfactants and Beta-Cyclodextrin on Beta-Cypermethrin Degradation by Bacillus licheniformis B-1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10729-10735. [PMID: 26615963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation efficiency of beta-cypermethrin (β-CY) is low especially at high concentrations mainly due to poor contact between this hydrophobic pesticide and microbial cells. In this study, the effects of two biodegradable surfactants (Tween-80 and Brij-35) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the growth and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of Bacillus licheniformis B-1 were studied. Furthermore, their effects on the solubility, biosorption, and degradation of β-CY were investigated. The results showed that Tween-80 could slightly promote the growth of the strain while Brij-35 and β-CD exhibited little effect on its growth. The CSH of strain B-1 and the solubility of β-CY were obviously changed by using Tween-80 and Brij-35. The surfactants and β-CD could enhance β-CY biosorption and degradation by the strain, and the highest degradation was obtained in the presence of Brij-35. When the surfactant or β-CD concentration was 2.4 g/L, the degradation rate of β-CY in Brij-35, Tween-80, and β-CD treatments was 89.4%, 50.5%, and 48.1%, respectively. The half-life of β-CY by using Brij-35 was shortened by 69.1 h. Beta-CY content in the soil with both strain B-1 and Brij-35 decreased from 22.29 mg/kg to 4.41 mg/kg after incubation for 22 d. This work can provide a promising approach for the efficient degradation of pyrethroid pesticides by microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Zhao
- College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University , 610065, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Chi
- College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University , 610065, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University , 610065, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Dongying Jia
- College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University , 610065, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yao
- College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University , 610065, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Yang C, Lv T, Yan H, Wu G, Li H. Glyoxal-Urea-Formaldehyde Molecularly Imprinted Resin as Pipette Tip Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent for Selective Screening of Organochlorine Pesticides in Spinach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9650-9656. [PMID: 26449689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new kind of glyoxal-urea-formaldehyde molecularly imprinted resin (GUF-MIR) was synthesized by a glyoxal-urea-formaldehyde (GUF) gel imprinting method with 4,4'-dichlorobenzhydrol as a dummy template. The obtained GUF-MIR was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and applied as a selective adsorbent of miniaturized pipet tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE) for the separation and extraction of three organochlorine pesticides (dicofol (DCF), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane (DDD), and tetradifon) in spinach samples. The proposed pretreatment procedures of spinach samples involved only 5.0 mg of GUF-MIR, 0.7 mL of MeOH-H2O (1:1, v/v) (washing solvent), and 0.6 mL of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate (9:1, v/v) (elution solvent). In comparison with other adsorbents (such as silica gel, C18, NH2-silica gel, and neutral alumina (Al2O3-N)), GUF-MIR showed higher adsorption and purification capacity for DCF, DDD, and tetradifon in aqueous solution. The average recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 89.1% to 101.9% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤ 7.1% (n = 3). The presented GUF-MIR-PT-SPE method combines the advantages of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), GUF, and PT-SPE and can be used in polar solutions with high affinity and selectivity to the analytes in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University and ‡Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, China
| | - Tianwei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University and ‡Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University and ‡Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, China
| | - Gaochan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University and ‡Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Management, Hebei University and ‡Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, China
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Bitar M, Bou-Maroun E, Lerbret A, Ouaini N, Cayot P. Binding characteristics of molecularly imprinted polymers based on fungicides in hydroalcoholic media. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3607-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manal Bitar
- Unité Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, UMR A 02.102, AgroSup Dijon; Université de Bourgogne; 1 esplanade Erasme Dijon France
| | - Elias Bou-Maroun
- Unité Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, UMR A 02.102, AgroSup Dijon; Université de Bourgogne; 1 esplanade Erasme Dijon France
| | - Adrien Lerbret
- Unité Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, UMR A 02.102, AgroSup Dijon; Université de Bourgogne; 1 esplanade Erasme Dijon France
| | - Naim Ouaini
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales de la Santé, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Médicales; Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik; B.P. Jounieh Liban
| | - Philippe Cayot
- Unité Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, UMR A 02.102, AgroSup Dijon; Université de Bourgogne; 1 esplanade Erasme Dijon France
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Fang Y, Nie Z, Yang Y, Die Q, Liu F, He J, Huang Q. Human health risk assessment of pesticide residues in market-sold vegetables and fish in a northern metropolis of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:6135-6143. [PMID: 25395327 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With growing concerns about food safety and stricter national standards in China, attention has focused on vegetables and fish as they are an important part of the Chinese daily diet, and pesticide residues can accumulate in these foodstuffs. The local consumption habits of vegetables and fish were determined using questionnaires distributed in the major regions of the northern metropolis. Then, the samples of fruit-like vegetables, leafy and root vegetables, and five species of fish (freshwater and marine) were collected from supermarkets and traditional farmers' markets in the city. The concentrations and profiles of pesticide residues (hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), and endosulfan) in the samples were determined and compared. For the vegetables, the concentration ranges of ΣDDT, ΣHCH, and Σendosulfan were not detectable (ND) to 10.4 ng/g fresh weight (f.w.), ND to 58.8 ng/g f.w., and ND to 63.9 ng/g f.w., respectively. For the fish samples, the corresponding values were 0.77-25.0 ng/g f.w., 0.02-1.42 ng/g f.w., and 1.22-22.1 ng/g f.w., respectively. Only one celery sample exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of HCH residues set by Chinese regulations (GB2763-2014). The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using data from the recently published Exposure Factors Handbook for the Chinese Population. The EDIs and HRs showed that the levels of organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in vegetables and fish in this area are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Fang
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
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