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Guo X, Dang H, Huang W, Hassan Z, Yun S, Lu Y, Liu Y, Wang J, Zou J. IL-20 is produced by CD3γδ T cells and induced in the mucosal tissues of grass carp during infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 158:105210. [PMID: 38844187 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 20 is a multifunctional cytokine and plays a vital role in regulating autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and immune responses. IL-20 homologs have been described in fish. However, due to the lack of antibodies, cellular sources and immunological functions of fish IL-20 in response to infections have not been fully characterized. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) was generated against the recombinant grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) IL-20 protein and characterized by immunoblotting, immunofluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. It was shown that the IL-20 mAb specifically recognized recombinant IL-20 proteins expressed in the E. coli cells and HEK293 cells. Using confocal microscopy, the IL-20+ cells were identified in the head kidney, gills and intestine of grass carp, and induced after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Moreover, the IL-20 protein was found to be secreted mainly by CD3γδ T cells which were located predominantly in the gill filaments and intestinal mucosa. Taken together, our results suggest that IL-20 producing T cells are required for the mucosal immunity against bacterial infection in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Huifeng Dang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenji Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zeinab Hassan
- Department of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Egypt
| | - Shengran Yun
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266200, China.
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2
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Shehata AI, Shahin SA, Elmaghraby AM, Alhoshy M, Toutou MM, Soliman AA, Amer AA, Habib YJ, Gewaily MS, Teiba II, El Basuini MF. Stevioside mitigates lead toxicity in thinlip mullet juveniles: Impacts on growth, metabolism, and immune function. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106910. [PMID: 38631122 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of varying concentrations of stevioside in the presence of lead (Pb) exposure on multiple aspects of thinlip mullet (Liza ramada) juveniles. Over 60 days, a total of 540 juvenile L. ramada with an initial weight of 3.5 ± 0.13 g were evenly distributed into six groups, each consisting of three replicates. The experimental diet consisted of varying levels of stevioside (150, 250, 350, and 450 mg/kg diet), with a consistent concentration of lead (Pb) set at 100 µg/kg diet. Stevioside demonstrated a positive influence on growth parameters, with the 450 mg/kg +Pb treatment showing the highest values. Biochemical parameters remained stable, but lead-exposed fish without stevioside displayed signs of potential liver damage and metabolic issues. Stevioside supplementation, especially at higher doses (≥250 mg/kg), reversed these negative effects, restoring biochemical markers to healthy control levels. Lead exposure significantly suppressed antioxidant enzyme activities, but co-administration of stevioside exhibited a dose-dependent protective effect, with 250, 350, and 450 mg/kg groups showing activities comparable to the healthy control. Lead-exposed fish without stevioside demonstrated attenuation of the immune response, but stevioside supplementation reversed these effects, particularly at ≥250 mg/kg. Stev (≥250 mg/kg) reduced IL-1β and hepcidin expression, contrasting dose-dependent upregulation in lower dosages and lead-only group. Histological examinations of the intestine and liver supported these findings. In conclusion, stevioside, especially at 450 mg, positively impacted growth, biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, immune response, and gene expression in L. ramada exposed to lead, suggesting its potential to mitigate lead toxicity in aquaculture. Additional research is warranted to investigate the long-term impacts of stevioside supplementation and its prospective implementation in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ismael Shehata
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa A Shahin
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt
| | - Ayaat M Elmaghraby
- Nucleic Acids Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Health Science Technology, Borg Al-Arab Technological University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mayada Alhoshy
- College of Marine Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Mohamed M Toutou
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria City 21556, Egypt
| | - Ali A Soliman
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria City 21556, Egypt
| | - Asem A Amer
- Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Sharkia, Sakha Aquaculture Research Unit, Kafrelsheikh City 33516, Egypt
| | - Yusuf Jibril Habib
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mahmoud S Gewaily
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Islam I Teiba
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta City 31527, Egypt
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3
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Chen T, Aly RSS, Shen Y, Tang S, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Chen X. The silent threat: Nanopolystyrene and chrysene pollutants disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier, new insights from juvenile Siniperca chuatsi. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172001. [PMID: 38552987 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier-comprising microbial, mechanical, chemical, and immunological barriers-is critical to protection against pathogens and maintenance of host health; however, it remains unclear whether it is affected by environmental contaminants. Therefore, the present study assessed whether exposure to ambient concentrations of nanopolystyrene (NP) and chrysene (CHR)-two ubiquitous environmental pollutants in the aquatic environment-affect the intestinal mucosal barrier in juvenile Siniperca chuatsi. After exposure for 21 days, S. chuatsi exhibited intestinal oxidative stress and imbalance of intestinal microbial homeostasis. NP and/or CHR exposure also disrupted the intestinal mechanical barrier, as evidenced by the altered intestinal epithelial cell morphology, disrupted structure of intercellular tight junctions, and decreased expression of tight junction proteins. Damage to the intestinal chemical barrier manifested as thinning of the mucus layer owing to the loss and damage of goblet cells. Furthermore, the intestinal immunological barrier was impaired as indicated by the loss of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunoglobulins. These findings collectively suggest that the intestinal mucosal barrier was damaged. This study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to report that exposure to NP and/or CHR at environmentally relevant concentrations disrupts the intestinal mucosal barrier in organisms and highlight the significance of nanoplastic/CHR pollution for intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Rahma Sakina Said Aly
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yawei Shen
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Shoujie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jinliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaowu Chen
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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DePasquale JA. A comparison of teleost rodlet cells with apicomplexan cells. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152167. [PMID: 38733697 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2024.152167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Rodlet cells are unique pear-shaped cells found primarily in the epithelium of the teleost fishes. The rodlet cell was first identified by Thèlohan in 1892 who named it Rhabdospora thelohani as it was believed to be a protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa. The rodlet cell as parasite paradigm persisted for several decades afterwards but has since faded in the last 20 years or so. The rodlet cell is now generally believed to be an immune cell, functioning as an early responder to parasite intrusion. This short review makes a detailed comparison of apicomplexan structure and behavior with that of the rodlet cell to further strengthen the argument against a parasitic nature for the fish cell. It is then proposed that apical microvilli of the rodlet cell serve as a mechanical trigger for rodlet discharge as possible defense against larger ectoparasites.
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Lin J, Wu X, Liu Z, Yang H, Chen Y, Li H, Yu Y, Tu Q, Chen Y. Identification, expression and molecular polymorphism of T-cell receptors α and β from the glacial relict Hucho bleekeri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109475. [PMID: 38447781 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a specific molecule on the surface of all T cells that mediates cellular adaptive immune responses to antigens. Hucho bleekeri is a critically endangered species and is regarded as a glacial relict that has the lowest-latitude distribution compared with any Eurasian salmonid. In the present study, two TCR genes, namely, TCR α and β, were identified and characterized in H. bleekeri. Both TCR α and TCR β have typical TCR structures, including the IgV domain, IgC domain, connecting peptide, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. The two TCR genes were constitutionally expressed in various tissues, with the highest expression found in the spleen for TCR α and in the trunk kidney for TCR β. Challenge of H. bleekeri with LPS or poly(I:C) resulted in significant upregulation of both TCR α and β expression in headkidney and spleen primary cells, indicating their potential roles in the immune response. Molecular polymorphism analysis of the whole ORF regions of TCR α and β in different individuals revealed high diversity of IgV domains of these two genes, especially in complementarity-determining region (CDR) 3. The ratio of nonsynonymous substitution occurred at a significantly higher frequency than synonymous substitution in the CDR of TCR α and β, demonstrating the existence of positive selection. The results obtained in the present study enhance our understanding of TCR roles in regulating immune mechanisms and provide new information for the study of TCR lineage diversity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Lin
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Huanchao Yang
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Hua Li
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Quanyu Tu
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Yeyu Chen
- The Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611730, China; Fish Resources and Environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611730, China.
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6
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Kortner TM, Afanasyev S, Koppang EO, Bjørgen H, Krogdahl Å, Krasnov A. A comprehensive transcriptional body map of Atlantic salmon unveils the vital role of the intestine in the immune system and highlights functional specialization within its compartments. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109422. [PMID: 38307300 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The intestine is a barrier organ that plays an important role in the immune system of Atlantic salmon. The immune functions are distributed among the diffuse gut lymphoid tissue containing diverse immune cells, and other cell types. Comparison of intestinal transcriptomes with those of other organs and tissues offers an opportunity to elucidate the specific roles of the intestine and its relationship with other parts of the body. In this work, a meta-analysis was performed on a large volume of data obtained using a genome-wide DNA oligonucleotide microarray. The intestine ranks third by the expression level of immune genes after the spleen and head kidney. The activity of antigen presentation and innate antiviral immunity is higher in the intestine than in any other tissue. By comparing transcriptome profiles, intestine shows the greatest similarity with the gill, head kidney, spleen, epidermis, and olfactory rosette (descending order), which emphasizes the integrity of the peripheral mucosal system and its strong connections with the major lymphoid organs. T cells-specific genes dominate among the genes co-expressed in these tissues. The transcription signature of CD8+ (86 genes, r > 0.9) includes a master gene of immune tolerance foxp3 and other negative regulators. Different segments of the intestine were compared in a separate experiment, in which expression gradients along the intestine were found across several functional groups of genes. The expression of luminal and intracellular (lysosome) proteases is markedly higher in pyloric caeca and distal intestine respectively. Steroid metabolism and cytochromes P450 are highly expressed in pyloric caeca and mid intestine while the distal intestine harbors genes related to vitamin and iron metabolism. The expression of genes for antigen presenting proteins and immunoglobulins shows a gradual increase towards the distal intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond M Kortner
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway.
| | - Sergey Afanasyev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Erling Olaf Koppang
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway
| | - Håvard Bjørgen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway
| | - Åshild Krogdahl
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway
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Zhang B, Hao B, Han M, Wang X. Impacts of pyraclostrobin on intestinal health and the intestinal microbiota in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105762. [PMID: 38458673 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Pyraclostrobin (PYR) is a strobilurin fungicide that is commonly used in agriculture, and its use in agriculture may lead to an increase in its residue in the aquatic environment and may have a deleterious influence on the intestinal health of aquatic creatures. Here, common carp were chronically exposed to PYR (0, 0.5, or 5.0 μg/L) for 30 d to determine its effect on the physical and immunological barrier and intestinal microbiota in the intestine. PYR exposure caused significant histological changes; altered the mRNA expression levels of occludin, claudin-2, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1); induced oxidative stress in the common carp intestine; and increased the serum D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) levels. Moreover, PYR significantly increased the protein expression levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 while decreasing the level of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Further studies revealed that PYR significantly reduced lysozyme (LZM) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities as well as complement 3 (C3) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels. Furthermore, PYR decreased gut microbial diversity while increasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas and Shewanella, causing an intestinal microbial disturbances in common carp. These results imply that PYR has a negative impact on fish intestinal health and may pose serious health risks to fish by disrupting the intestinal microbiota, physical barrier, and immunological barrier in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Baozhen Hao
- School of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Maolin Han
- School of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
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8
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Yu J, Kong W, Wang X, Cai C, Cheng G, Ding G, Xu Z. Mucosal immune responses of gut IgM in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following infection with spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109326. [PMID: 38134976 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) specifically recognizes various antigens and can activate complement, mediate cytotoxicity, opsonize and agglutinate pathogens to induce phagocytosis, all of which play an important role in immunity. However, the IgM response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the intestinal mucosa after viral infection has not been thoroughly. Therefore, we successfully produced an anti-carp IgM monoclonal antibody and developed a model of viral infection to study the kinetics of immune responses after viral infection. Our results showed that the expression of IL1-β and Igs were dramatically increased, implying that common carp exhibited a significant innate and adaptive immune response to viral infection. Furthermore, we found that the IgM responses varied between the two infection strategies. At 14 days post-infection (DPI), a significant population of IgM+ B cells were observed in the gut, accompanied by a sharp rise in IgM levels. The immune response to secondary infection started at 7 DPI, suggesting that the IgM response is faster in the gut after re-infection. Importantly, we also explored the variability of different gut compartments to viral infection, and result revealed a stronger immune response in the hindgut than in the foregut and midgut. Overall, our findings indicate that IgM plays an important role in the intestinal immune response following primary and secondary viral infection, in which the hindgut plays a major immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Yu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xinyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gaofeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - GuangYi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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9
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Borgonovo J, Allende-Castro C, Medinas DB, Cárdenas D, Cuevas MP, Hetz C, Concha ML. Immunohistochemical characterisation of the adult Nothobranchius furzeri intestine. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:21-38. [PMID: 38015266 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Nothobranchius furzeri is emerging as an exciting vertebrate organism in the field of biomedicine, developmental biology and ecotoxicology research. Its short generation time, compressed lifespan and accelerated ageing make it a versatile model for longitudinal studies with high traceability. Although in recent years the use of this model has increased enormously, there is still little information on the anatomy, morphology and histology of its main organs. In this paper, we present a description of the digestive system of N. furzeri, with emphasis on the intestine. We note that the general architecture of the intestinal tissue is shared with other vertebrates, and includes a folding mucosa, an outer muscle layer and a myenteric plexus. By immunohistochemical analysis, we reveal that the mucosa harbours the same type of epithelial cells observed in mammals, including enterocytes, goblet cells and enteroendocrine cells, and that the myenteric neurons express neurotransmitters common to other species, such as serotonin, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase. In addition, we detect the presence of a proliferative compartment at the base of the intestinal folds. The description of the normal intestinal morphology provided here constitutes a baseline information to contrast with tissue alterations in future lines of research assessing pathologies, ageing-related diseases or damage caused by toxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Borgonovo
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo Allende-Castro
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danilo B Medinas
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deyanira Cárdenas
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Medical Technology School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Cuevas
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Medical Technology School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Miguel L Concha
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Jones EM, Cain KD. An Introduction to Relevant Immunology Principles with Respect to Oral Vaccines in Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2917. [PMID: 38138061 PMCID: PMC10745647 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines continue to play an enormous role in the progression of aquaculture industries worldwide. Though preventable diseases cause massive economic losses, injection-based vaccine delivery is cost-prohibitive or otherwise impractical for many producers. Most oral vaccines, which are much cheaper to administer, do not provide adequate protection relative to traditional injection or even immersion formulas. Research has focused on determining why there appears to be a lack of protection afforded by oral vaccines. Here, we review the basic immunological principles associated with oral vaccination before discussing the recent progress and current status of oral vaccine research. This knowledge is critical for the development and advancement of efficacious oral vaccines for the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth D. Cain
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA;
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11
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Siddik MAB, Francis P, Rohani MF, Azam MS, Mock TS, Francis DS. Seaweed and Seaweed-Based Functional Metabolites as Potential Modulators of Growth, Immune and Antioxidant Responses, and Gut Microbiota in Fish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2066. [PMID: 38136186 PMCID: PMC10740464 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, represents a vast resource that can be categorized into three taxonomic groups: Rhodophyta (red), Chlorophyta (green), and Phaeophyceae (brown). They are a good source of essential nutrients such as proteins, minerals, vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids. Seaweed also contains a wide range of functional metabolites, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, and pigments. This study comprehensively discusses seaweed and seaweed-derived metabolites and their potential as a functional feed ingredient in aquafeed for aquaculture production. Past research has discussed the nutritional role of seaweed in promoting the growth performance of fish, but their effects on immune response and gut health in fish have received considerably less attention in the published literature. Existing research, however, has demonstrated that dietary seaweed and seaweed-based metabolite supplementation positively impact the antioxidant status, disease resistance, and stress response in fish. Additionally, seaweed supplementation can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria, thereby improving gut health and nutrient absorption in fish. Nevertheless, an important balance remains between dietary seaweed inclusion level and the resultant metabolic alteration in fish. This review highlights the current state of knowledge and the associated importance of continued research endeavors regarding seaweed and seaweed-based functional metabolites as potential modulators of growth, immune and antioxidant response, and gut microbiota composition in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. B. Siddik
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - Prue Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Thomas S. Mock
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - David S. Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
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12
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Vakaloloma U, Ho TH, Loh JY, Chong CM, Wangkahart E, Lee MC, Nan FH, Lai HC, Lee PT. Modulation of immune genes in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues of cobia by Sarcodia suae extract. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1973-1990. [PMID: 37349590 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Rachycentron canadum (cobia) is a marine fish species of high economic value in aquaculture due to its fast growth rate and good feed conversion efficacy. Regrettably, the industry has been affected by significant setbacks from high mortality due to diseases. Consequently, an improved perception of innate immunity correlated to each mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in teleost fish is necessary to understand hosts' response towards infections better. The utilization of polysaccharides in seaweed to stimulate the immune system has gathered unprecedented attention. The present study examined the immunostimulatory effects of Sarcodia suae water extracts (SSWE) on in vivo gill-, gut- and skin-associated lymphoid tissues (GIALT, GALT, and SALT) via immersion and oral ingestions. The GIALT genes (TNF-α, Cox2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 A/F1-3, IL-11, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, MHCIa, IgM, and IgT) except IL-10 recorded positive upregulations in a dose-dependent manner post 24 h immersion in SSWE, indicating the algae extract contained bioactive compounds that could stimulate the immune genes. The upregulation of IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 in the gills and hindgut post-SSWE immersion indicated that the extract could promote Th1-related responses in the MALTs. The modulation of immune gene expressions in the feeding trial was less potent than in the SSWE immersion. These findings indicated that the SSWE stimulated robust immune responses in both the GIALT and GALT of cobia. This suggests that the SSWE could be further explored as an effective immersive stimulant for fish, enhancing their immune system against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulamila Vakaloloma
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
- Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji Islands
| | - Thi Hang Ho
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Centre of Research for Advanced Aquaculture (CORAA), UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Chou Min Chong
- Laboratory of Immunogenomics, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eakapol Wangkahart
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakhm University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakhm, Thailand
| | - Meng-Chou Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lai
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 11101, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 11101, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan.
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13
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Wang W, Feng Y, Tarique I, Liu J, Chen S, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Meng X, Peng L, Yang P. Cellular evidence of mucus cell immunological and differentiation characteristics in allogeneic crucian carp intestinal lamina propria. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109024. [PMID: 37619762 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The allogeneic crucian carp is an important fish farm animal with a very different digestive system structure from that of mammals. The lamina propria of the fish intestine is also considered to be an important site of intestinal immunity in fish, but functional histological studies of the lamina propria of the allogeneic crucian carp intestine are still lacking. In this study, Identification of the ubiquitous lamina propria mucus cells in the lamina propria of the intestine by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and determination of the mucocytic properties, class, and distribution of these cells in each intestinal segment by Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining. The results show that type III mucus cells were abundant in the lamina propria of the foregut and midgut, while type II and type IV mucus cells predominate in the hindgut, possibly reflecting the distinct functions of these intestinal segments. Transmission electron microscopy dissected the differentiation of mucus cells in the lamina propria of the intestine at the ultrastructural level and investigated their morphology and distribution patterns in different intestinal segments, the findings revealed that lamina propria mucus cells perform rudimentary functions such as mucous secretion, phagocytosis, and degradation functions. Moreover, immunohistochemistry labeling with CD68 and LAMP1 revealed that numerous cells in the anterior, middle, and posterior intestines were positive for both proteins. Immunofluorescence double-labeling demonstrated that these cells highly co-expressed CD68 and LAMP1. Besides, the distribution and morphology of CD68+ and LAMP1+ cells were similar to those of AB-PAS positive cells and they accounted for the majority of parenchyma cells. Considering the above results, there were abundant cells with both mucous secretion and phagocytosis in the intestinal lamina propria of allogeneic crucian carp, which are a essential component of the intestinal immune process of allogeneic crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yongchao Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Imran Tarique
- Healthcare Biotechnology Department Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Bio-Sciences (ASAB)National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jiyue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yisheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxuan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lin Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ping Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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14
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Wang Y, Wang W, Chen W, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Yang D. Characterization of ccl20a.3 and ccl20l as gene markers for Th17 cell in turbot. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109005. [PMID: 37604262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
T-helper 17 lymphocytes (Th17) are the most common inflammatory cells identified in mammals. However, the identification of Th17 cells and the clarification of their function in teleost fish remain largely unknown. In this study, we took advantage of the single-cell RNA sequencing-based immune cell atlas that was identified in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), and revealed two chemokine-related genes, ccl20a.3 and ccl20l, that were specifically expressed in Th17 cells. Moreover, through immuno-fluorescence analysis, we found that CCL20a.3 or CCL20l was co-expressed with the classical makers in Th17 cells, including IL17a/f1 and IL22. Furthermore, through a Th17 lineage-specific transcription factor RORc inhibitor GSK805 treatment, we found that the expression of ccl20a.3 and ccl20l was significantly impaired, compared with other T cell markers. Besides, we also found that ccl20a.3 and ccl20l exhibited the same dynamic response with the classical markers that were identified in Th17 cells during bacterial infection. Taken together, these results provide potential gene markers for better understanding of the dynamic immune responses of Th17 cells in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dahai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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15
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Hissen KL, He W, Wu G, Criscitiello MF. Immunonutrition: facilitating mucosal immune response in teleost intestine with amino acids through oxidant-antioxidant balance. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241615. [PMID: 37841275 PMCID: PMC10570457 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative animal models generate fundamental scientific knowledge of immune responses. However, these studies typically are conducted in mammals because of their biochemical and physiological similarity to humans. Presently, there has been an interest in using teleost fish models to study intestinal immunology, particularly intestinal mucosa immune response. Instead of targeting the pathogen itself, a preferred approach for managing fish health is through nutrient supplementation, as it is noninvasive and less labor intensive than vaccine administrations while still modulating immune properties. Amino acids (AAs) regulate metabolic processes, oxidant-antioxidant balance, and physiological requirements to improve immune response. Thus, nutritionists can develop sustainable aquafeeds through AA supplementation to promote specific immune responses, including the intestinal mucosa immune system. We propose the use of dietary supplementation with functional AAs to improve immune response by discussing teleost fish immunology within the intestine and explore how oxidative burst is used as an immune defense mechanism. We evaluate immune components and immune responses in the intestine that use oxidant-antioxidant balance through potential selection of AAs and their metabolites to improve mucosal immune capacity and gut integrity. AAs are effective modulators of teleost gut immunity through oxidant-antioxidant balance. To incorporate nutrition as an immunoregulatory means in teleost, we must obtain more tools including genomic, proteomic, nutrition, immunology, and macrobiotic and metabonomic analyses, so that future studies can provide a more holistic understanding of the mucosal immune system in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L. Hissen
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Wenliang He
- Amino Acid Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Amino Acid Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Michael F. Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
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16
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Liu H, Li F, Tang H, Chen B, Geng Y, Chen D, Ouyang P, Li L, Huang X. Eucommia ulmoides Oliver repairs the disorder of intestinal microflora caused by high starch in Micropterus salmoides and improves resistance to pathogens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1223723. [PMID: 37808277 PMCID: PMC10552156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1223723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (EuO) is a natural medicine that can improve the composition of intestinal flora in fish, but more experiments and data are needed to support whether it can effectively improve the changes of intestinal flora and intestinal damage caused by high starch. This study examined the changes in intestinal structure as well as intestinal flora before and after the addition of EuO to high-starch diets and analyzed the effects of such changes on immune and digestive functions. The results showed that EuO reduces mortality during Nocardia seriolae attack and can reduce starch-induced intestinal inflammation. Eucommia ulmoides Oliver supplementation was able to alter the changes of intestinal flora in fatty acid degradation, bacterial chemotaxis, porphyrin metabolism and flagella assembly caused by high starch. By analyzing the abundance and correlation of bacterial communities, three bacterial communities that were significantly related to the intervention effect of EuO were screened. Further analysis revealed that EuO supplementation reduced the increase in abundance of Limnochordaceae, Nitrolancea, Lysinibacillus, and Hydrogenispora induced by high starch, which were negatively correlated with levels of the immunoreactive substance LZM in fish. This study reveals the regulatory effects of EuO on the intestinal flora of Micropterus salmoides fed on high starch diets, and provides a theoretical basis for reducing starch damage to fish in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fulong Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Fisheries Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baipeng Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Geng
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Defang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangyu Li
- Fisheries Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Yuan G, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Chen K, Wang J, Feng H, Zou J. The Biological Functions and Intestinal Inflammation Regulation of IL-21 in Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) during Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Cells 2023; 12:2276. [PMID: 37759501 PMCID: PMC10528265 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 21 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. In fish, the biological functions and cell source of IL-21 remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescent microscopy to examine the expression of IL-21 at the mRNA and protein levels. We found that il21 expression was induced in the primary head kidney leukocytes of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by heat-inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) and LPS and in tissues after infection with A. hydrophila. Recombinant IL-21 protein produced in the CHO-S cells was effective in elevating the expression of antibacterial genes, including β-defensin and lysozyme, and, interestingly, inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, we investigated the response of the IL-21 expressing cells to A. hydrophila infection. Immunofluorescent assay showed that IL-21 protein was detected in the CD3γ/δ T cells and was markedly accumulated in the anterior, middle and posterior intestine. Collectively, the results indicate that IL-21 plays an important role in regulating the intestinal inflammation induced by bacterial infection in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kangyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (G.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.J.); (K.C.); (J.W.)
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China
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18
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De Marco G, Cappello T, Maisano M. Histomorphological Changes in Fish Gut in Response to Prebiotics and Probiotics Treatment to Improve Their Health Status: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2860. [PMID: 37760260 PMCID: PMC10525268 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) promotes the digestion and absorption of feeds, in addition to the excretion of waste products of digestion. In fish, the GIT is divided into four regions, the headgut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, to which glands and lymphoid tissues are associated to release digestive enzymes and molecules involved in the immune response and control of host-pathogens. The GIT is inhabited by different species of resident microorganisms, the microbiota, which have co-evolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship and are responsible for metabolic benefits and counteracting pathogen infection. There is a strict connection between a fish's gut microbiota and its health status. This review focuses on the modulation of fish microbiota by feed additives based on prebiotics and probiotics as a feasible strategy to improve fish health status and gut efficiency, mitigate emerging diseases, and maximize rearing and growth performance. Furthermore, the use of histological assays as a valid tool for fish welfare assessment is also discussed, and insights on nutrient absorptive capacity and responsiveness to pathogens in fish by gut morphological endpoints are provided. Overall, the literature reviewed emphasizes the complex interactions between microorganisms and host fish, shedding light on the beneficial use of prebiotics and probiotics in the aquaculture sector, with the potential to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.M.)
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19
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Wang YX, Xu SF, Wang YW, Jiang YX, Qin QW, Wei SN. Curcumin Alleviates Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Induced Intestine Injury in Orange-Spotted Grouper ( Epinephelus coioides). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1584. [PMID: 37627579 PMCID: PMC10452002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a new ranavirus species in the Iridoviridae family, whose high lethality and rapid spread have resulted in enormous economic losses for the aquaculture industry. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, has been proven to possess multiple biological activities, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. This study was conducted to determine whether curcumin protected orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) from SGIV-induced intestinal damage by affecting the inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and intestinal microbiota. Random distribution of healthy orange-spotted groupers (8.0 ± 1.0 cm and 9.0 ± 1.0 g) into six experimental groups (each group with 90 groupers): Control, DMSO, curcumin, SGIV, DMSO + SGIV, and curcumin + SGIV. The fish administered gavage received DMSO dilution solution or 640 mg/L curcumin every day for 15 days and then were injected intraperitoneally with SGIV 24 h after the last gavage. When more than half of the groupers in the SGIV group perished, samples from each group were collected for intestinal health evaluation. Our results showed that curcumin significantly alleviated intestine damage and repaired intestinal barrier dysfunction, which was identified by decreased intestine permeability and serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and increased expressions of tight junction proteins during SGIV infection. Moreover, curcumin treatment suppressed intestinal cells apoptosis and inflammatory response caused by SGIV and protected intestinal cells from oxidative injury by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which was related to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Moreover, we found that curcumin treatment restored the disruption of the intestinal microbiota caused by SGIV infection. Our study provided a theoretical basis for the functional development of curcumin in aquaculture by highlighting the protective effect of curcumin against SGIV-induced intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xuan Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Sui-Feng Xu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Ye-Wen Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Yun-Xiang Jiang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 528478, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shi-Na Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
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20
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Youssef IMI, Saleh ESE, Tawfeek SS, Abdel-Fadeel AAA, Abdel-Razik ARH, Abdel-Daim ASA. Effect of Spirulina platensis on growth, hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:275. [PMID: 37498411 PMCID: PMC10374666 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Spirulina platensis in Nile tilapia diets on growth performance, blood hematological and biochemical parameters, immunological status, and intestinal histomorphometry. A total of 228 fish were randomly allocated into four groups with triplicates (19 fish per replicate). The first group was fed the control diet, which contained no Spirulina supplementation. The other three groups were fed diets containing graded levels of powdered Spirulina: 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0% in the second, third, and fourth group, respectively. S. platensis was added to the diets partially substituting the fish meal content. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that dietary Spirulina supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the body weight and length, weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor, and feed conversion efficiency. Moreover, Spirulina increased significantly (P < 0.05) the hemoglobin, PCV, RBCs, and WBCs count. Also, it increased the lymphocytes, eosinophils, IgM level, lysozyme activity, and phagocytic activity in the blood. Additionally, the Spirulina raised (P < 0.05) the serum albumin level but reduced (P < 0.05) the creatinine and urea levels. The addition of Spirulina increased (P < 0.05) the height and width of intestinal villi and the lymphocytes and goblet cells count in the intestine. The obtained results were increased by increasing the inclusion level of Spirulina, especially for body weight and length, weight gain, FCR, phagocytic activity, and intestinal parameters. In conclusion, supplementing S. platensis can improve the growth performance of fish. Moreover, it can stimulate the immunity of fish through increasing the level of immunological blood indicators (IgM, lysozyme, phagocytic activity, lymphocytes, and eosinophils) as well as the local intestinal immunity (lymphocytes and goblet cells). So, it can be recommended to use S. platensis in fish diets not only to improve the growth performance but also to enhance the immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M I Youssef
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Elham S E Saleh
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Samar S Tawfeek
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A A Abdel-Fadeel
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Razik H Abdel-Razik
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S A Abdel-Daim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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21
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Løkka G, Gamil AAA, Evensen Ø, Kortner TM. Establishment of an In Vitro Model to Study Viral Infections of the Fish Intestinal Epithelium. Cells 2023; 12:1531. [PMID: 37296652 PMCID: PMC10252704 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are still a major concern for the aquaculture industry. For salmonid fish, even though breeding strategies and vaccine development have reduced disease outbreaks, viral diseases remain among the main challenges having a negative impact on the welfare of fish and causing massive economic losses for the industry. The main entry port for viruses into the fish is through mucosal surfaces including that of the gastrointestinal tract. The contradictory functions of this surface, both creating a barrier towards the external environment and at the same time being responsible for the uptake of nutrients and ion/water regulation make it particularly vulnerable. The connection between dietary components and viral infections in fish has been poorly investigated and until now, a fish intestinal in vitro model to investigate virus-host interactions has been lacking. Here, we established the permissiveness of the rainbow trout intestinal cell line RTgutGC towards the important salmonid viruses-infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), salmonid alphavirus (subtype 3, SAV3) and infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV)-and explored the infection mechanisms of the three different viruses in these cells at different virus to cell ratios. Cytopathic effect (CPE), virus replication in the RTgutGC cells, antiviral cell responses and viral effects on the barrier permeability of polarized cells were investigated. We found that all virus species infected and replicated in RTgutGC cells, although with different replication kinetics and ability to induce CPE and host responses. The onset and progression of CPE was more rapid at high multiplicity of infection (MOI) for IPNV and SAV3 while the opposite was true of ISAV. A positive correlation between the MOI used and the induction of antiviral responses was observed for IPNV while a negative correlation was detected for SAV3. Viral infections compromised barrier integrity at early time points prior to observations of CPE microscopically. Further, the replication of IPNV and ISAV had a more pronounced effect on barrier function than SAV3. The in vitro infection model established herein can thus provide a novel tool to generate knowledge about the infection pathways and mechanisms used to surpass the intestinal epithelium in salmonid fish, and to study how a virus can potentially compromise gut epithelial barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guro Løkka
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; (A.A.A.G.); (Ø.E.); (T.M.K.)
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22
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Yu D, Yang G, Xia H, Gan Z, Wang Z, Xia L, Kwok KW, Cai J, Lu Y. Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS) induced enteritis in Orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108742. [PMID: 37100309 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The enteritis is a common disease in fish farming, but the pathogenesis is still not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inducement of Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS) intestinal inflammation on Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The fish were challenged with 200 μl 3% DSS via oral irrigation and feeding, an appropriate dose based on the disease activity index of inflammation. The results indicated that the inflammatory responses induced by DSS were closely associated with the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-8, IL16, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as NF-κB and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. At day5 after DSS treatment, the highest levels of all parameters were observed. Also, the severe intestinal lesions (intestinal villus fusion and shedding), strong inflammatory cell infiltration and microvillus effacement were seen through histological examination and SEM (scanning electronic microscopy) analysis. During the subsequent 18 days of the experimental period, the injured intestinal villi were gradually recovery. These data is beneficial to further investigate the pathogenesis of enteritis in farmed fish, which is helpful for the control of enteritis in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanjian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongli Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Liqun Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kevin Wh Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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23
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Rawling M, Schiavone M, Apper E, Merrifield DL, Castex M, Leclercq E, Foey A. Yeast cell wall extracts from Saccharomyces cerevisiae varying in structure and composition differentially shape the innate immunity and mucosal tissue responses of the intestine of zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158390. [PMID: 37304290 PMCID: PMC10248512 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rising awareness of antimicrobial resistance, the development and use of functional feed additives (FFAs) as an alternative prophylactic approach to improve animal health and performance is increasing. Although the FFAs from yeasts are widely used in animal and human pharma applications already, the success of future candidates resides in linking their structural functional properties to their efficacy in vivo. Herein, this study aimed to characterise the biochemical and molecular properties of four proprietary yeast cell wall extracts from S. cerevisiae in relation to their potential effect on the intestinal immune responses when given orally. Dietary supplementation of the YCW fractions identified that the α-mannan content was a potent driver of mucus cell and intraepithelial lymphocyte hyperplasia within the intestinal mucosal tissue. Furthermore, the differences in α-mannan and β-1,3-glucans chain lengths of each YCW fraction affected their capacity to be recognised by different PRRs. As a result, this affected the downstream signalling and shaping of the innate cytokine milieu to elicit the preferential mobilisation of effector T-helper cell subsets namely Th17, Th1, Tr1 and FoxP3+-Tregs. Together these findings demonstrate the importance of characterising the molecular and biochemical properties of YCW fractions when assessing and concluding their immune potential. Additionally, this study offers novel perspectives in the development specific YCW fractions derived from S. cerievisae for use in precision animal feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Rawling
- Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Health Research Group, School of Biological, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Daniel L. Merrifield
- Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Health Research Group, School of Biological, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew Foey
- Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Health Research Group, School of Biological, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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24
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Tang Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Zhou J, Ren Z, Qu X, Li Y, Lou F. Intestinal microbiota analyses of five economic fishery resources in the South China Sea. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 46:101085. [PMID: 37146453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of intestinal microbiota can provide evidence for revealing the growth and development regulation, feeding habits, environmental adaptability and pollutant indication of marine organisms. To data, the intestinal microbiota of marine organisms in the South China Sea is relatively lacking. To supplement these information, we sequenced intestinal microbiota from five fishery resources (including Auxis rochei, A. thazard, Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis, Thunnus albacores, and Coryphaena equiselis) in the South China Sea using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. After filtering, a total of 18,706,729 reads were finally produced and then clustered into OTUs. The mean number of OTUs detected in A. rochei, A. thazard, C. equiselis, S. oualaniensis, and T. albacores was 127, 137, 52, 136, and 142, respectively. Although the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Deferribacteres, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes, [Thermi], and unclassified_Bacteria were the most abundant in the five species, Photobacterium is the most abundant microbiota. Meanwhile, intestinal microbiota showed species- and sampling sites- specificity, thus only 84 microbiota species were common to all species. Additionally, the potential functions of OTUs in the five species is mainly involved in the synthesis and metabolism of carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamin. This study can provide basic data for clarifying the diversity and species- specificity of intestinal microbiota of five species in the South China Sea, and help to improve the intestinal microbiota database of marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Tang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, Fujian 361013, China
| | - Shigang Liu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jiaoli Zhou
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Xiuyu Qu
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Fangrui Lou
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
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25
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Sun Q, Zhang J, Wang J, Wang H, Gao Z, Liu H. Janus kinase 1 in Megalobrama amblycephala: Identification, phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108620. [PMID: 36841516 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), a member of the JAK family, plays an essential and non-redundant role in the mammalian immune system. However, the potential role of JAK1 in fish immune response remains largely unclear. In the present study, the JAK1 gene of Megalobrama amblycephala (MamJAK1) was identified and characterized. The open reading frame (ORF) of MamJAK1 was 3462 bp, encoding 1153 amino acids. MamJAK1 consists of four common domains of the JAK family, including B41, SH2, STyrKc (a pseudo kinase domain), and TyrKc (a kinase domain). Phylogenetic analysis showed that JAK1s are divided into two evolutionary clades, one containing fish JAK1s, and the other containing JAK1s from other vertebrates. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that in healthy M. amblycephala, MamJAK1 mRNA was highest expressed in blood, followed by spleen, intestine and mid-kidney, and lowly expressed in other tissues including gill, liver, head kidney, muscle, brain and heart. After Aeromonas hydrophila infection, the expression of MamJAK1 mRNA was significantly induced in four selected tissues including spleen, mid-kidney, liver and intestine, reaching a peak at 24 hpi (hour post infection) in spleen and mid-kidney, at 12 hpi in liver and at 4 hpi in intestine, and then the expression level was restricted to control levels at 72 or 120 hpi. In addition, the results of Western blot showed that the phosphorylation level of MamJAK1 protein in spleen and mid-kidney increased significantly after A. hydrophila infection, although MamJAK1 protein did not change obviously. Further, the JAK1 phosphorylation in Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells was found to be significantly induced by LPS stimulation and IL-6R over-expression. The results above suggest that MamJAK1 may play an essential role in the immune response against bacterial infection through the IL-6R mediated JAK1/STAT signaling pathway, which further deepen our understanding of JAK1 and provides a potential target for the treatment and prevention of bacterial diseases in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jixiu Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zexia Gao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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26
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Jia Z, Feng J, Yuan G, Xiao H, Dang H, Zhang Y, Chen K, Zou J, Wang J. The Meteorin-like cytokine is upregulated in grass carp after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:104632. [PMID: 36608897 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Meteorin-like (Metrnl) is a novel immune regulatory factor or adipokine which is mainly produced by activated macrophages. In teleost fish, two homologs are present. In this study, monoclonal antibodies were prepared against recombinant grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Ci) Metrnl-a in mice and characterized by Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescent microscopy. In grass carp infected with Aeromonus hydrophila (A. hydrophila), the cells expressing CiMetrnl-a markedly increased in the gills, head kidney and intestine. In the inflamed intestine caused by A. hydrophila infection, the CiMetrnl-a producing cells were detected mainly in the mucosal layer of anterior, middle and posterior segments. Consistently, qRT-PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression of CiMetrnl-a was markedly induced. Our results suggest that CiMetrnl-a is involved in regulating intestine inflammation caused by bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gaoliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Huifeng Dang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Kangyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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27
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Yang Q, Yang XD, Liu MQ, Zeng C, Zhao HK, Xiang KW, Hou ZS, Wen HS, Li JF. Transcriptome analysis of liver, gill and intestine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) symptomatically or asymptomatically infected with Vibrio anguillarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108643. [PMID: 36871630 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an important economic cold-water fish worldwide, is severely threatened by viruses and bacteria in the farming industry. The vibriosis outbreak has caused a significant setback to aquaculture. Vibrio anguillarum, one of the common disease-causing vibriosis associated with severe lethal vibriosis in aquaculture, infects fish mainly by adsorption and invasion of the skin, gills, lateral line and intestine. To investigate the defense mechanism of rainbow trout against the pathogen after infection with Vibrio anguillarum, trout were intraperitoneally injected by Vibrio anguillarum and divided into symptomatic group (SG) and asymptomatic group (AG) according to the phenotype. RNA-Seq technology was used to evaluate the transcriptional signatures of liver, gill and intestine of trout injected with Vibrio anguillarum (SG and AG) and corresponding control groups (CG(A) and CG(B)). The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the differences in susceptibility to Vibrio anguillarum. Results showed that in SG, immunomodulatory genes in the cytokine network were activated and tissue function-related genes were down-regulated, while apoptosis mechanisms were activated. However, AG responded to Vibrio anguillarum infection by activating complement related immune defenses, while metabolism and function related genes were up-regulated. Conclusively, a rapid and effective immune and inflammatory response can successfully defend Vibrio anguillarum infection. However, a sustained inflammatory response can lead to tissue and organ damage and cause death. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for breeding rainbow trout for disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng-Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai-Wen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi-Shuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai-Shen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ji-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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Zhang M, Chen X, Xue M, Jiang N, Li Y, Fan Y, Zhang P, Liu N, Xiao Z, Zhang Q, Zhou Y. Oral Vaccination of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBV) Using Yeast Surface Display Technology. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071183. [PMID: 37048441 PMCID: PMC10093309 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) infects largemouth bass, leading to significant mortality and economic losses. There are no safe and effective drugs against this disease. Oral vaccines that directly target the intestinal mucosal immune system play an important role in resisting pathogens. Herein, the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB, a mucosal immune adjuvant) and the LMBV main capsid protein (MCP) were expressed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display technology. The yeast-prepared oral vaccines were named EBY100-OMCP and EBY100-LTB-OMCP. The candidate vaccines could resist the acidic intestinal environment. After 7 days of continuous oral immunization, indicators of innate and adaptive immunity were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. High activities of immune enzymes (T-SOD, AKP, ACP, and LZM) in serum and intestinal mucus were detected. IgM in the head kidney was significantly upregulated (EBY100-OMCP group: 3.8-fold; BY100-LTB-OMCP group: 4.3-fold). IgT was upregulated in the intestines (EBY100-OMCP group: 5.6-fold; EBY100-LTB-OMCP group: 6.7-fold). Serum neutralizing antibody titers of the two groups reached 1:85. Oral vaccination protected against LMBV infection. The relative percent survival was 52.1% (EBY100-OMCP) and 66.7% (EBY100-LTB-OMCP). Thus, EBY100-OMCP and EBY100-LTB-OMCP are promising and effective candidate vaccines against LMBV infection.
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Chaklader MR, Howieson J, Foysal MJ, Hanif MA, Abdel-Latif HM, Fotedar R. Fish waste to sustainable additives: Fish protein hydrolysates alleviate intestinal dysbiosis and muscle atrophy induced by poultry by-product meal in Lates calcarifer juvenile. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1145068. [PMID: 37057066 PMCID: PMC10086250 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1145068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Valorising waste from the processing of fishery and aquaculture products into functional additives, and subsequent use in aquafeed as supplements could be a novel approach to promoting sustainability in the aquaculture industry. The present study supplemented 10% of various fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs), obtained from the hydrolysis of kingfish (KH), carp (CH) and tuna (TH) waste, with 90% of poultry by-product meal (PBM) protein to replace fishmeal (FM) completely from the barramundi diet. At the end of the trial, intestinal mucosal barriers damage, quantified by villus area (VA), lamina propria area (LPA), LPA ratio, villus length (VL), villus width (VW), and neutral mucin (NM) in barramundi fed a PBM-based diet was repaired when PBM was supplemented with various FPHs (p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001). PBM-TH diet further improved these barrier functions in the intestine of fish (p < 0.05 and 0.001). Similarly, FPHs supplementation suppressed PBM-induced intestinal inflammation by controlling the expression of inflammatory cytokines (tnf-α and il-10; p < 0.05 and 0.001) and a mucin-relevant production gene (i-mucin c; p < 0.001). The 16S rRNA data showed that a PBM-based diet resulted in dysbiosis of intestinal bacteria, supported by a lower abundance of microbial diversity (p < 0.001) aligned with a prevalence of Photobacterium. PBM-FPHs restored intestine homeostasis by enhancing microbial diversity compared to those fed a PBM diet (p < 0.001). PBM-TH improved the diversity (p < 0.001) further by elevating the Firmicutes phylum and the Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides genera. Muscle atrophy, evaluated by fiber density, hyperplasia and hypertrophy and associated genes (igf-1, myf5, and myog), occurred in barramundi fed PBM diet but was repaired after supplementation of FPHs with the PBM (p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001). Similarly, creatine kinase, calcium, phosphorous, and haptoglobin were impacted by PBM-based diet (p < 0.05) but were restored in barramundi fed FPHs supplemented diets (p < 0.05 and 0.01). Hence, using circular economy principles, functional FPHs could be recovered from the fish waste applied in aquafeed formulations and could prevent PBM-induced intestinal dysbiosis and muscular atrophy.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Reaz Chaklader
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Fremantle, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Md Reaz Chaklader, ;
| | - Janet Howieson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Md Javed Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Hanif
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ravi Fotedar
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Gao C, Cai X, Ma L, Xue T, Li C. Molecular characterization, expression analysis and function identification of TNFα in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123912. [PMID: 36870626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
TNFα, as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in inflammation and immune homeostasis maintaining. However, the knowledge about the immune functions of teleost TNFα against bacterial infections is still limited. In this study, the TNFα was characterized from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). The bioinformatics analyses showed the evolutionary conservations in sequence and structure. The expression levels of Ss_TNFα mRNA were significantly up-regulated in the spleen and intestine after Aeromonas salmonicides and Edwardsiella tarda infections, and dramatically down-regulated in PBLs after LPS and poly I:C stimulations. Meanwhile, the extremely up-regulated expressions of other inflammatory cytokines (especially for IL-1β and IL17C) were observed in the intestine and spleen after bacterial infection and down-regulations were obtained in PBLs. The significant regulation with expression patterns of Ss_TNFα and other inflammatory cytokine mRNAs illustrated the variations of immunity in different tissues and cells of black rockfish. The regulated functions of Ss_TNFα in the up/downstream signaling pathways were preliminarily verified on the transcription and translation levels. Subsequently, in vitro knockdown of Ss_TNFα in the intestine cells of black rockfish confirmed the important immune roles of Ss_TNFα. Finally, the apoptotic analyses were conducted in PBLs and intestine cells of black rockfish. The rapid increases of the apoptotic rates were obtained in both PBLs and intestine cells after treatment with rSs_TNFα, but distinct apoptotic rates at the early and late stages of apoptosis were observed between these two types of cells. The results of apoptotic analyses suggested that Ss_TNFα could trigger apoptosis of different cells in different strategies in black rockfish. Overall, the findings in this study indicated the important roles of Ss_TNFα in the immune system of black rockfish during pathogenic infection, as well as the potential function on biomarker for monitoring the health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Gao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Le Ma
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Zhang L, Yan S, Hong X, Zhao G, Zha J. Integrative time series of cellular, humoral and molecular response revealed immunotoxicity of bifenthrin to Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) following Pseudomonas fluorescens challenge. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106427. [PMID: 36805112 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bifenthrin is a common pesticide that is widespread in aquatic environments. Although it has been shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, its immunotoxicity and mechanism are unclear. Herein, we reported the immunotoxicity of bifenthrin on adult Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) after 28 days of exposure to different concentrations of bifenthrin (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 μg/L) and 36-h Pseudomonas fluorescens challenge. Bifenthrin inhibited the fish humoral immune response to bacteria by altering the lymphocyte and neutrophil ratios and decreasing the production of lysozyme, complement component 3, immunoglobulin M, and C-reactive protein, particularly were 1.0 μg/L. Bifenthrin caused intestinal damage and significantly reduced the volume of intestinal mucus at 12 and 36 hours postinjection (hpi) (p < 0.05). Moreover, 1.0 μg/L bifenthrin significantly increased the fish mortality and bacterial loads at 12 and 36 hpi (p < 0.05). RNA-seq analysis revealed several enriched genes involved in pathogen attachment and recognition, inflammatory responses, and complement system at the early-to-mid stage of infection (4-12 hpi). Overall, our results corroborated that bifenthrin induced immunotoxicity in Gobiocypris rarus, resulting in immune dysfunction of fish and increasing their sensitivity to bacterial infection and accelerating mortality. Moreover, 4-12 hpi was better than 36 hpi for analyzing immune responses against pathogen infection in fish exposed to bifenthrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Saihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiangsheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Siangpro N, Chuakrut S, Sirimanapong W, Tanasupawat S, Phongsopitanun W, Meksiriporn B, Boonnorat J, Sarin S, Kucharoenphaibul S, Jutakanoke R. Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis and Candida tropicalis Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Fish Exhibited Inhibitory Effects against Pathogenic Bacteria of Nile Tilapia. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020129. [PMID: 36851433 PMCID: PMC9958883 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nile tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish in the world. The outbreak of pathogenic bacterial diseases causes high mortality rates and economic losses in Nile tilapia farming. Antibiotic administrations are commonly utilized to inhibit and prevent bacterial infections. However, antibiotics are expensive and cause serious concerns for antibiotic resistance in fish that can be potentially transferred to humans. As an alternative solution, probiotics can be used to prevent infection of pathogenic bacteria in fish. In this work, both bacteria and yeast were isolated from fish gastrointestinal tracts and their inhibitory activity against Nile tilapia pathogenic bacteria was evaluated, as well as other probiotic properties. In this study, 66 bacteria and 176 acid tolerant yeasts were isolated from fish gastrointestinal tracts. Of all isolated microorganisms, 39 bacterial and 15 yeast isolates with inhibitory effect against pathogens were then examined for their probiotic properties (acidic and bile salt resistance, adhesion potential, and biofilm formation), formation of antibacterial factor survival rate under simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and safety evaluation. AT8/5 bacterial isolate demonstrated probiotic properties and the highest inhibition against all 54 tested pathogens while YON3/2 yeast isolate outperformed the inhibitory effect among all yeast isolates. These two probiotic isolates were further identified by 16S rDNA and the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA sequence analysis for bacterial and yeast identification, respectively. AT8/5 and YON3/2 showed the highest similarity to Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis and Candida tropicalis, respectively. This is the first report on isolated L. argentoratensis and C. tropicalis with antipathogenic bacteria of Nile tilapia properties. Collectively, AT8/5 and YON3/2 could be potentially used as promising alternatives to existing antibiotic methods to prevent pathogenic bacteria infection in Nile tilapia farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppadon Siangpro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Songkran Chuakrut
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Wanna Sirimanapong
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73110, Thailand
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Bunyarit Meksiriporn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Jarungwit Boonnorat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Klong 6, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
| | - Siripun Sarin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Siriwat Kucharoenphaibul
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Rumpa Jutakanoke
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-55-964614
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Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid ( Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP-loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs) on the growth, skin mucosal immune parameters, and digestive and liver enzymes activities of African cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings. Fish with an average weight of 500±2 mg were stocked into 12 experimental units and fed on experimental diets prepared by supplementing the basal diet (control) with MIP NPs, P-SP (5 g SP Kg-1 of dry diet), and MIP-SP NPs for 8 weeks. The findings demonstrated that growth indices improved in the MIP-SP NPs followed by the P-SP dietary group compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes of lipase, trypsin, protease, and alkaline phosphatase was higher in the fish fed SP-supplemented diets than in the controls (P<0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the MIP-SP NPs dietary group increased by 29.33% and 48.81% compared to the control, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver tissue decreased in the SP dietary groups, while the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest SOD and ALP levels were observed in the fish fed on the MIP-SP NPs-supplemented diet (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin mucosal immune indices including, alternative haemolytic complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels increased in the MIP-SP NPs and P-SP dietary groups compared to the controls (P<0.05). The findings indicated that sodium propionate encapsulated in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of dietary SP in African cichlid fish.
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Liu Y, Ge X, Li C, Xue T. Derivation and characterization of new cell line from intestine of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:153-162. [PMID: 36809593 PMCID: PMC10073165 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A continuous intestine cell line from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) designated as SMI was established utilizing the tissue explant technique. Primary SMI cell was cultured at 24 °C in a medium with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS), then subcultured in 10% FBS after 10 passages. Impacts of medium or temperature on the growth of SMI were examined and the results indicated it grew well in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 24 °C. The SMI cell line was subcultured more than 60 times. Karyotyping, chromosome number, and ribosomal RNA genotyping analysis revealed that SMI had a modal diploid chromosome number of 44 and originated from turbot. After being transfected with pEGFP-N1 and FAM-siRNA, a large number of green fluorescence signals were observed in SMI, indicating that SMI could be used as an ideal platform to explore gene function in vitro. In addition, the expression of epithelium-associated genes such as itga6, itgb4, gja1, claudin1, zo-1, and E-cadherin in SMI suggested the SMI had some characteristics of epidermal cells. The upregulation of immune-associated genes such as TNF-β, NF-κB, and IL-1β in SMI after stimulation with pathogen-associated molecular patterns suggested the SMI might exhibit immune functions similar to the intestinal epithelium in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xuefeng Ge
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Cao M, Xue T, Huo H, Zhang X, Wang NN, Yan X, Li C. Spatial transcriptomes and microbiota reveal immune mechanism that respond to pathogen infection in the posterior intestine of Sebastes schlegelii. Open Biol 2023; 13:220302. [PMID: 36974664 PMCID: PMC9944294 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestine is a site of immune cell priming at birth. Therefore, spatial transcriptomes were performed to define how the transcriptomic landscape was spatially organized in the posterior intestine of Sebastes schlegelii following Edwardsiella piscicida infection. In the healthy condition, we identified a previously unappreciated molecular regionalization of the posterior intestine. Following bacterial infection, most immune-related genes were identified in mucosa layer. Moreover, investigation of immune-related genes and genes in immune-related KEGG pathways based on spatial transcriptomes shed light on which sections of these genes are in the posterior intestine. Meanwhile, the high expression of genes related to regeneration also indicated that the posterior intestine was responding to the invasion of pathogens by constantly proliferating new cells. In addition, the increasing microbiota communities indicated that these bacteria maintained posterior intestine integrity and shaped the mucosal immune system. Taken together, spatial transcriptomes and microbiota compositions have significant implications for understanding the immune mechanism that responds to E. piscicida infection in the posterior intestine of S. schlegelii, which also provides a theoretical basis for the spatial distribution of immune genes and changes in bacterial flora in other teleosts in the process of resisting pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Huo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ning Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
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Li S, Li X, Yuan R, Chen X, Chen S, Qiu Y, Yang Q, Wang M, Shi J, Zhang S. Development of a recombinant adenovirus-vectored vaccine against both infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108457. [PMID: 36455780 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) are typical pathogens of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and the concurrent infection of the two viruses is very common among modern trout hatcheries, which has caused huge economic losses to the rainbow trout farming industry. To prevent and control the spread of IHNV and IPNV in juvenile trout simultaneously, in this study a bivalent recombinant adenovirus vaccine with IHNV Glycoprotein (G) and IPNV VP2 genes was developed. After immunizing juvenile trout with this bivalent vaccine via the immersion route, the expression levels of IHNV G and IPNV VP2 and the representative immune genes in vaccinated and control rainbow trout were tested to evaluate the correlation of immune responses with the expression of viral genes. The neutralizing antibody level induced by this bivalent vaccine as well as the protection efficacy of the vaccine against IHNV and IPNV was also evaluated. The results showed that IHNV G and IPNV VP2 were successfully expressed in juvenile trout, and all the innate and adaptive immune genes were up-regulated. This indicated that the level of the innate and adaptive immune responses were significantly increased, which might be induced by the high expression of the two viral proteins. Compared with the controls, high levels of neutralizing antibodies against IHNV and IPNV were induced in the vaccinated trout. Besides, the bivalent recombinant adenovirus vaccine showed high protection rate against IHNV, with the relative percent survival (RPS) of 81.25%, as well as against IPNV, with the RPS of 78.95%. Taken together, our findings clearly demonstrated that replication-defective adenovirus can be developed as a qualified vector for fish vaccines and IHNV G and IPNV VP2 were two suitable antigenic genes that could induce effective immune protection against these two pathogens. This study provided new insights into developing bivalent vectored vaccines and controlling the spread of IHNV and IPNV simultaneously in juvenile trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China; College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Xincang Li
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Shouxu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Yu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China; College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Qingfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Jiangao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
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Bashir S, Phuoc NN, Herath T, Basit A, Zadoks RN, Murdan S. An oral pH-responsive Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine formulation provides protective immunity to pathogen challenge in tilapia: A proof-of-concept study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278277. [PMID: 36867625 PMCID: PMC9983853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive tilapia farming has contributed significantly to food security as well as to the emergence of novel pathogens. This includes Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) sequence type (ST) 283, which caused the first known outbreak of foodborne GBS illness in humans. An oral, easy-to-administer fish vaccine is needed to reduce losses in fish production and the risk of zoonotic transmission associated with GBS. We conducted a proof-of-concept study to develop an oral vaccine formulation that would only release its vaccine cargo at the site of action, i.e., in the fish gastrointestinal tract, and to evaluate whether it provided protection from experimental challenge with GBS. Formalin-inactivated S. agalactiae ST283, was entrapped within microparticles of Eudragit® E100 polymer using a double-emulsification solvent evaporation method. Exposure to an acidic medium simulating the environment in tilapia stomach showed that the size of the vaccine-loaded microparticles decreased rapidly, reflecting microparticle erosion and release of the vaccine cargo. In vivo studies in tilapia showed that oral administration of vaccine-loaded microparticles to fish provided significant protection from subsequent homologous pathogen challenge with GBS ST283 by immersion compared to the control groups which received blank microparticles or buffer, reducing mortality from 70% to 20%. The high efficacy shows the promise of the vaccine platform developed herein, which might be adapted for other bacterial pathogens and other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Phuoc
- Faculty of Fishery, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Tharangani Herath
- Department of Animal Health, Behavior and Welfare, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Abdul Basit
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth N. Zadoks
- Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail: (RNZ); (SM)
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Gui W, Guo H, Chen X, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang H, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Dai J. Emerging polyfluorinated compound Nafion by-product 2 disturbs intestinal homeostasis in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114368. [PMID: 36508837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nafion by-product 2 (Nafion BP2), an emerging fluorinated sulfonic acid commonly used in polymer electrolyte membrane technologies, has been detected in various environmental and human matrices. To date, however, few studies have explored its toxicity. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to Nafion BP2 at concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 mg/L from fertilization to 120 post-fertilization (hpf), and multiple developmental parameters (survival rate, hatching rate, and malformation rate) were then determined. Results showed that Nafion BP2 exposure led to a significant decrease in survival and hatching rates and an increase in malformations. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of Nafion BP2 for malformation at 120 hpf was 55 mg/L, which is higher than the globally important contaminant perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 6 mg/L). Furthermore, exposure to Nafion BP2 resulted in additional types of malformations compared to PFOS exposure. Pathologically, Nafion BP2 caused abnormal early foregut development, with exfoliation of intestinal mucosa, damage to lamina propria, and aberrant proliferation of lamina propria cells. Nitric oxide content also decreased markedly. In addition, embryos showed an inflammatory response following Nafion BP2 exposure, with significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors C4 and IL-6. Acidic mucin in the hindgut increased more than two-fold. 16 S rRNA sequencing revealed a marked increase in the pathogen Pseudomonas otitidis. Furthermore, pathways involved in intestinal protein digestion and absorption, inflammatory response, and immune response were significantly altered. Our findings suggest that the intestine is a crucial toxicity target of Nafion BP2 in zebrafish, thus highlighting the need to evaluate its health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Gui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Mushtaq Z, Pani Prasad K, Jeena K, Rajendran K, Martina P, Gireesh Babu P. Class a scavenger receptor-A5 gene in Cirrhinus mrigala: Cloning, characterisation and expression patterns in response to bacterial infection. Gene X 2023; 848:146897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Du Y, Hu X, Miao L, Chen J. Current status and development prospects of aquatic vaccines. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1040336. [PMID: 36439092 PMCID: PMC9684733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases are a significant impediment to aquaculture's sustainable and healthy growth. The aquaculture industry is suffering significant financial losses as a result of the worsening water quality and increasing frequency of aquatic disease outbreaks caused by the expansion of aquaculture. Drug control, immunoprophylaxis, ecologically integrated control, etc. are the principal control strategies for fish infections. For a long time, the prevention and control of aquatic diseases have mainly relied on the use of various antibiotics and chemical drugs. However, long-term use of chemical inputs not only increases pathogenic bacteria resistance but also damages the fish and aquaculture environments, resulting in drug residues in aquatic products, severely impeding the development of the aquaculture industry. The development and use of aquatic vaccines are the safest and most effective ways to prevent aquatic animal diseases and preserve the health and sustainability of aquaculture. To give references for the development and implementation of aquatic vaccines, this study reviews the development history, types, inoculation techniques, mechanisms of action, development prospects, and challenges encountered with aquatic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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41
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Fu Q, Li Y, Zhao S, Wang H, Zhao C, Zhang P, Cao M, Yang N, Li C. Comprehensive identification and expression profiling of immune-related lncRNAs and their target genes in the intestine of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) in response to Vibrio anguillarum infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:233-243. [PMID: 36084890 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play vital regulatory roles in various biological processes. Intestine is one of the most sensitive organs to environmental and homeostatic disruptions for fish. However, systematic profiles of lncRNAs in the intestine of teleost in responses to pathogen infections is still limited. Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), an important commercial fish species in China, has been suffering with Vibrio anguillarum infection, resulted in dramatic economic loss. Hereinto, the intestinal tissues of turbot were sampled at 0 h, 2 h, 12 h, and 48 h following V. anguillarum infection. The histopathological analysis revealed that the pathological trauma was mainly present in intestinal tunica mucosal epithelium. After high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, a total of 9722 lncRNAs and 21,194 mRNAs were obtained, and the average length and exon number of lncRNAs were both less than those of mRNAs. Among which, a set of 158 lncRNAs and 226 mRNAs were differentially expressed (DE-lncRNAs and DEGs) in turbot intestine at three time points, related to many immune-related genes such as complement, interleukin, chemokine, lysosome, and macrophage, indicating their potential critical roles in immune responses. In addition, 2803 and 1803 GO terms were enriched for DEGs and co-expressed target genes of DE-lncRNAs, respectively. Moreover, 127 and 50 KEGG pathways including cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), phagosome, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and intestinal immune network for IgA production, were enriched for DEGs and co-expressed target genes of DE-lncRNAs, respectively. Finally, qRT-PCR was conducted to confirm the reliability of sequencing data. The present study will set the foundation for the future exploration of lncRNA functions in teleost in response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shoucong Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Haojie Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Geng L, Zhang J, Mu W, Wu X, Zhou Z, Wang X, Ye B, Ma L. Replacing fishmeal protein with blended alternatives alters growth, feed utilization, protein deposition and gut micromorphology of humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ding LG, Han GK, Wang XY, Sun RH, Yu YY, Xu Z. Gallbladder microbiota in early vertebrates provides evolutionary insights into mucosal homeostasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020413. [PMID: 36211423 PMCID: PMC9532620 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The gallbladder (GB) microbiota plays critical roles in mammalian metabolism and immune homeostasis, and its relationship with human disease has been extensively studied over the past decade. However, very little is known about the interplay between GB microbiota and the immune functions of teleost fish, the earliest bony vertebrate with a GB. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the composition of the teleost GB microbiota and the potential mechanisms through which it affects mucosal immunity. In our results, we found that the GB mucosa (GM) and bile bacterial community shared a similar microbiological composition with that of the gut mucosa in naïve individuals. IHNV infection induced a profound GB inflammation and disrupted their microbial homeostasis followed by a strong anti-bacterial response. Interestingly, beneficial bacteria from the Lactobacillales order showed a significant increase in the abundance of the bile microbial community, whereas the structure of the Mycoplasmatales order in the gut microbial community was markedly changed. All in all, our study characterized the structure of the GB microbial ecosystem in teleost fish, and the fish GB microbiome shared a high similarity with the gut microbiota. More importantly, our findings offer solid evidence that the teleost GB evolved immune functions to preserve its mucosal microbial homeostasis, suggesting that both the microbiota and mucosal immunity of the GB might have co-evolved in early vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-guo Ding
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang-kun Han
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-you Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru-han Sun
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-yao Yu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xu,
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Lu ZY, Feng L, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Li SW, Zhong CB, Zhou XQ. Dietary mannan oligosaccharides strengthens intestinal immune barrier function via multipath cooperation during Aeromonas Hydrophila infection in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella). Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010221. [PMID: 36177013 PMCID: PMC9513311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mannose oligosaccharide (MOS) as a functional additive is widely used in aquaculture, to enhance fish immunity. An evaluation of the effect of dietary MOS supplementation on the immune barrier function and related signaling molecules mechanism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was undertaken in the present study. Six diets with graded amounts of MOS supplementation (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg) were fed to 540 grass carp over 60 days. To examine the immune response and potential mechanisms of MOS supplementation on the intestine, a challenge test was conducted using injections of Aeromonas hydrophila for 14 days. Results of the study on the optimal supplementation with MOS were found as follows (1) MOS enhances immunity partly related to increasing antibacterial substances content and antimicrobial peptides expression; (2) MOS attenuates inflammatory response partly related to regulating the dynamic balance of intestinal inflammatory cytokines; (3) MOS regulates immune barrier function may partly be related to modulating TLRs/MyD88/NFκB and TOR/S6K1/4EBP signalling pathways. Finally, the current study concluded that MOS supplementation could improve fish intestinal immune barrier function under Aeromonas hydrophila infected conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Lu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Zhong
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Qiu Zhou,
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Candebat CL, Stephens F, Booth MA, Fernando F, Lopata A, Pirozzi I. Adequate levels of dietary sulphur amino acids impart improved liver and gut health in juvenile yellowtail kingfish ( Seriola lalandi). Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-24. [PMID: 35924344 PMCID: PMC10024990 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The sulphur amino acids methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) and their derivative taurine (Tau) are metabolically active molecules with interlinked roles in nutritional requirements. Deficiencies in these nutrients are linked to poor growth and health; however, the impacts of these deficiencies on organ structure and function are largely unknown. This study examined the effects of dietary Met, Cys and Tau fed at different levels on yellowtail kingfish (YTK) liver histology and surface colour, plasma biochemistry and posterior intestine histology. Samples were collected from two dose-response feeding trials that quantified (1) the Tau requirement and sparing effect of Met by feeding YTK diets containing one of seven levels of Tau at one of two levels of Met and (2) the Met requirement and sparing effect of Cys by feeding YTK diets containing one of five levels of Met at one of two levels of Cys. YTK fed inadequate levels of dietary Met, Cys and Tau exhibited thicker bile ducts, less red livers, more intestinal acidic goblet cell mucus and supranuclear vacuoles and less posterior intestinal absorptive surface area. Further, thicker bile ducts correlated with less red livers (a*, R), whereas increased hepatic fat correlated with a liver yellowing (b*). Our results indicate a shift towards histological properties and functions indicative of improved intrahepatic biliary condition, posterior intestinal nutrient absorption and homoeostasis of YTK fed adequate amounts of Met, Cys and Tau. These findings may assist in formulating aquafeed for optimised gastrointestinal and liver functions and maintaining good health in YTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lourdes Candebat
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Frances Stephens
- Consultant Fish Pathologist, Department of Fisheries, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark A. Booth
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW2316, Australia
| | - Fernando Fernando
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Lopata
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Igor Pirozzi
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW2316, Australia
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Quintanilla-Mena MA, Olvera-Novoa MA, Sánchez-Tapia IA, Lara-Pérez LA, Rivas-Reyes I, Gullian-Klanian M, Patiño-Suárez MV, Puch-Hau CA. The digestive tract sections of the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus reveal differences in composition, diversity, and functionality of the gut microbiota. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:463. [PMID: 35792945 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, this study analyses the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota of Isostichopus badionotus in captivity, using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, and predicts the metagenomic functions of the microbiota. The results revealed a different composition of the gut microbiota for the foregut (FG) and midgut (MG) compared to the hindgut (HG), with a predominance of Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. The FG and MG demonstrated a greater bacterial diversity compared to the HG. In addition, a complex network of interactions was observed at the genus level and identified some strains with probiotic and bioremediation potentials, such as Acinetobacter, Ruegeria, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Rhodopseudomonas, Agarivorans, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Micrococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Shewanella. Predicting metabolic pathways revealed that the bacterial composition in each section of the intestine participates in different physiological processes such as metabolism, genetic and environmental information processing, organismal systems, and cellular processes. Understanding and manipulating microbe--host-environment interactions and their associated functional capacity could substantially contribute to achieving more sustainable aquaculture systems for I. badionotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes A Quintanilla-Mena
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Olvera-Novoa
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Itzel A Sánchez-Tapia
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis A Lara-Pérez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Instituto Tecnológico de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, C.P. 77965, Ejido Juan Sarabia, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Isajav Rivas-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Mariel Gullian-Klanian
- Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941, Carretera Mérida-Progreso, P.O. Box 97300, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - María V Patiño-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Puch-Hau
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Departamento de Recursos de Mar, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73-CORDEMEX, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Martinez R, Fernández-Trujillo MA, Hernández L, Page A, Béjar J, Estrada MP. Growth hormone secretagogue peptide A233 upregulates Mx expression in teleost fish in vitro and in vivo. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2041-2047. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wu D, Fan Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Wang L, Wang L. Low Protein Diets Supplemented With Alpha-Ketoglutarate Enhance the Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Health in Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio). Front Immunol 2022; 13:915657. [PMID: 35720284 PMCID: PMC9200961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) supplementation in a low protein (LP) diet on the growth performance, immune response, and intestinal health of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), 600 carp were randomly divided into five dietary groups: a normal protein (NP) diet containing 32% crude protein, an LP diet formulated with 28% crude protein, and LP with AKG at 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2% (dry matter). After an 8-week trial period, the results demonstrated that an LP diet led to a decrease in performance, immune response, and intestinal barrier function. Compared with the LP group, the final body weight and weight gain rate in the LP+0.4% AKG group were significantly higher, the feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased with the addition of 0.4% and 0.8% AKG. The supplementation with 0.4% and 0.8% AKG markedly increased the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px, as well as the expression levels of GPX1a and GPX1b relative to the LP group, whereas the MDA content was significantly decreased in the LP+0.4% AKG group. In addition, the expression levels of tight junctions including claudin-3, claudin-7, ZO-1, and MLCK were significantly up-regulated in the LP+0.4% AKG group, and the relative expression levels of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6α were significantly lower with the addition of 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2% AKG. Moreover, the abundance of Proteobacteria in the LP+0.4% AKG group was lower than that in the LP group, and the abundance of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria was higher at the phylum level. The abundance of Citrobacter in the LP+0.4% AKG group was decreased compared to the LP group, while the abundance of Aeromonas was increased at the genus level. In short, the effects of AKG on the intestinal health of the common carp were systematically and comprehensively evaluated from the perspectives of intestinal physical barrier, chemical barrier, biological barrier, and immune barrier. We found that an LP diet supplemented with 0.4% AKG was beneficial to the growth performance and intestinal health of common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ze Fan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jinnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qiyou Xu
- School of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- AHP Application Research Institute, Weifang Addeasy Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Weifang, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
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49
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Díaz-Ibarrola D, Martínez D, Vargas-Lagos C, Saravia J, Vargas-Chacoff L. Transcriptional modulation of immune genes in gut of Sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus challenged with Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:56-65. [PMID: 35367625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The search for functional foods that improve the immune response has traditionally been focused on lymphoid tissue and the intestinal mucosa. However, it is unknown whether there is a different immune response in different portions of the gut following exposure to a bacterial pathogen. We challenged Eleginops maclovinus intraperitoneally (i.p) with Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis and measured mRNA transcripts related to innate and adaptive immune responses in different parts of the gut (foregut, midgut and hindgut). We used control (i.p only with bacterial culture medium), low dose (i.p of F. noatunensis at 1 × 101 bact/μL), medium dose (i.p of F. noatunensis at 1 × 105 bact/μL) and high dose (i.p of F. noatunensis at 1 × 1010 bact/μL) groups in our experiments. We sampled fish at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-injection. We observed tissue-specific expression of TLR1, TLR5, TLR8, MHCI, MHCII and IgM, and transcription of these immune markers was lower in foregut and higher in midgut and hindgut. We detected Francisella genetic material (DNA) in fish stimulated with a high dose from day 1-28 in foregut, midgut, and hindgut. However, we could only detect Francisella DNA in fish stimulated the medium and low dose at later timepoints in the foregut (21-28 days post injection "dpi") and hindgut (low dose from day 7-28 dpi). Our results suggest that the immune responses to bacterial pathogens occur throughout the gut, but certain segments may be more susceptible to infection because of their cellular morphology (anterior, middle and posterior).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Díaz-Ibarrola
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Escuela de Graduados, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Chile.
| | - Danixa Martínez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Laboratorio de Inmunología y Estrés de Organismos Acuáticos, Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carolina Vargas-Lagos
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Julia Saravia
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Escuela de Graduados, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Luis Vargas-Chacoff
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, BASE, University Austral of Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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50
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Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Serra CR, Arense P, Enes P, Oliva-Teles A, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Mucosal and systemic immune effects of Bacillus subtilis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:142-155. [PMID: 35367376 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus spp. are well known for their probiotic properties. Hence, the long-term feeding of Bacillus spp. strains to different fish species has been proved to confer beneficial effects regarding growth or pathogen resistance, among others. However, whether these strains could function as mucosal adjuvants, up-regulating immune responses after a single administration, has not yet been investigated in fish. Thus, in the current work, we have performed a series of experiments in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aimed at establishing the potential of two Bacillus subtilis spore-forming strains, designated as ABP1 and ABP2, as oral adjuvants/immunostimulants. As an initial step, we evaluated their transcriptional effects on the rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line RTgutGC, and in gut tissue explants incubated ex vivo with the two strains. Their capacity to adhere to RTgutGC cells was also evaluated by flow cytometry. Although both strains had the capacity to modulate the transcription of several genes related to innate and adaptive immune responses, it was the ABP1 strain that led to stronger transcriptional effects, also exerting a higher binding capacity to intestinal epithelial cells. Consequently, we selected this strain to establish its effects on splenic B cells upon in vitro exposure as well as to determine the transcriptional effects exerted in the spleen, kidney, and gut after a single oral administration of the bacteria. Our results showed that B. subtilis ABP1 had the capacity to modulate the proliferation, IgM secreting capacity and MHC II surface expression of splenic B cells. Finally, we confirmed that this strain also induced the transcription of genes involved in inflammation, antimicrobial genes, and genes involved in T cell responses upon a single oral administration. Our results provide valuable information regarding how B. subtilis modulates the immune response of rainbow trout, pointing to the usefulness of the ABP1 strain to design novel oral vaccination strategies for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain; Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Nuñez-Ortiz
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - C R Serra
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - P Arense
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Enes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Oliva-Teles
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
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