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Salvatori L, Magno S, Ceccarini G, Tozzi R, Contini S, Pelosini C, Santini F, Gnessi L, Mariani S. SIRT1 Serum Concentrations in Lipodystrophic Syndromes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4785. [PMID: 38732001 PMCID: PMC11084952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophies (LDs) are rare, complex disorders of the adipose tissue characterized by selective fat loss, altered adipokine profile and metabolic impairment. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are class III NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases linked to fat metabolism. SIRT1 plays a critical role in metabolic health by deacetylating target proteins in tissue types including liver, muscle, and adipose. Circulating SIRT1 levels have been found to be reduced in obesity and increased in anorexia nervosa and patients experiencing weight loss. We evaluated circulating SIRT1 levels in relation to fat levels in 32 lipodystrophic patients affected by congenital or acquired LDs compared to non-LD subjects (24 with anorexia nervosa, 22 normal weight, and 24 with obesity). SIRT1 serum levels were higher in LDs than normal weight subjects (mean ± SEM 4.18 ± 0.48 vs. 2.59 ± 0.20 ng/mL) and subjects with obesity (1.7 ± 0.39 ng/mL), whereas they were close to those measured in anorexia nervosa (3.44 ± 0.46 ng/mL). Our findings show that within the LD group, there was no relationship between SIRT1 levels and the amount of body fat. The mechanisms responsible for secretion and regulation of SIRT1 in LD deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Salvatori
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Magno
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy (G.C.)
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy (G.C.)
| | - Rossella Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Savina Contini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Pelosini
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy (G.C.)
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Wei Z, Yang B, Wang H, Lv S, Chen H, Liu D. Caloric restriction, Sirtuins, and cardiovascular diseases. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:921-935. [PMID: 38527930 PMCID: PMC11046024 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Caloric restriction (CR) is a well-established dietary intervention known to extend healthy lifespan and exert positive effects on aging-related diseases, including cardiovascular conditions. Sirtuins, a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + )-dependent histone deacetylases, have emerged as key regulators of cellular metabolism, stress responses, and the aging process, serving as energy status sensors in response to CR. However, the mechanism through which CR regulates Sirtuin function to ameliorate cardiovascular disease remains unclear. This review not only provided an overview of recent research investigating the interplay between Sirtuins and CR, specifically focusing on their potential implications for cardiovascular health, but also provided a comprehensive summary of the benefits of CR for the cardiovascular system mediated directly via Sirtuins. CR has also been shown to have considerable impact on specific metabolic organs, leading to the production of small molecules that enter systemic circulation and subsequently regulate Sirtuin activity within the cardiovascular system. The direct and indirect effects of CR offer a potential mechanism for Sirtuin modulation and subsequent cardiovascular protection. Understanding the interplay between CR and Sirtuins will provide new insights for the development of interventions to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shuangjie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Depei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Faisal Z, Mazhar A, Batool SA, Akram N, Hassan M, Khan MU, Afzaal M, Hassan UU, Shah YA, Desta DT. Exploring the multimodal health-promoting properties of resveratrol: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2240-2258. [PMID: 38628180 PMCID: PMC11016399 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol in various plants, has gained significant attention for its potential health-promoting properties. It has been demonstrated, after reviewing various clinical and in vitro studies, that resveratrol possesses potent antioxidant potential. Resveratrol demonstrates cellular component protection by directly neutralizing free radicals (FRs) and enhancing the expression of natural antioxidant enzymes, thereby mitigating oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Clinical trials have shown promising results, indicating that resveratrol supplementation can enhance antioxidant defenses and reduce oxidative damage markers in various populations. In addition to its antioxidant effects, resveratrol exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. It can modulate key inflammatory pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), thereby suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, resveratrol's multimodal effects extend beyond its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been discovered to exert regulatory effects on various cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and immunological responses. The primary aim of this review paper is to provide a thorough overview of the current knowledge on resveratrol, including its chemical composition, bioaccessibility, clinical effectiveness, and utilization in nanotechnology to enhance its bioavailability. From future perspectives, revising the administration methods for certain contexts and understanding the underlying systems responsible for resveratrol's effects will require further inquiry. For the highest potential health results, advanced trial-based research is necessary for combinational nano-delivery of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zargham Faisal
- Department of Human NutritionBahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionMultanPakistan
| | - Aimen Mazhar
- Department of Human NutritionBahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionMultanPakistan
| | - Syeda Ayesha Batool
- Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Noor Akram
- Department of Food and NutritionGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Maleeha Hassan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of SialkotSialkotPakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Food Science and NutritionMultanPakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Usman Ul Hassan
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Science Research CentreUniversity of NizwaNizwaOman
| | - Derese Tamiru Desta
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
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Fedorczak A, Lewiński A, Stawerska R. Sirtuin 1 serum concentration in healthy children - dependence on sex, age, stage of puberty, body weight and diet. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356612. [PMID: 38529393 PMCID: PMC10961438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is known to be involved in sensing cellular energy levels and regulating energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate fasting serum SIRT1 levels in healthy children, and to analyse the influence of age, sex, puberty, body weight, height, and diet on its concentration. Methods 47 healthy children aged 4-14 with weight and height within normal range and no chronic disease were included into the study. Fasting serum SIRT1 concentrations were estimated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results Results showed that serum SIRT1 concentrations in healthy children did not differ with respect to sex, age, height, weight and puberty. Whereas, it appeared that a higher frequency of fruits, vegetables and dairy products consumption was associated with an increase in serum SIRT1 levels. Discussion Studying SIRT1 in the context of children's health may have implications for a broader understanding of growth processes, pubertal development, metabolic disorders and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fedorczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Stawerska
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Brown K, Theofanous D, Britton RG, Aburido G, Pepper C, Sri Undru S, Howells L. Resveratrol for the Management of Human Health: How Far Have We Come? A Systematic Review of Resveratrol Clinical Trials to Highlight Gaps and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:747. [PMID: 38255828 PMCID: PMC10815776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol has long been proposed as being beneficial to human health across multiple morbidities, yet there is currently no conclusive clinical evidence to advocate its recommendation in any healthcare setting. A large cohort with high-quality clinical data and clearly defined biomarkers or endpoints are required to draw meaningful conclusions. This systematic review compiles every clinical trial conducted using a defined dose of resveratrol in a purified form across multiple morbidities to highlight the current 'state-of-play' and knowledge gaps, informing future trial designs to facilitate the realisation of resveratrol's potential benefits to human health. Over the last 20 years, there have been almost 200 studies evaluating resveratrol across at least 24 indications, including cancer, menopause symptoms, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. There are currently no consensus treatment regimens for any given condition or endpoint, beyond the fact that resveratrol is generally well-tolerated at a dose of up to 1 g/day. Additionally, resveratrol consistently reduces inflammatory markers and improves aspects of a dysregulated metabolism. In conclusion, over the last 20 years, the increasing weight of clinical evidence suggests resveratrol can benefit human health, but more large, high-quality clinical trials are required to transition this intriguing compound from health food shops to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Brown
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Despoina Theofanous
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Robert G. Britton
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Grandezza Aburido
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Coral Pepper
- Odames Library, Victoria Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Shanthi Sri Undru
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
| | - Lynne Howells
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK; (D.T.); (R.G.B.); (G.A.); (S.S.U.); (L.H.)
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Xu CQ, Li J, Liang ZQ, Zhong YL, Zhang ZH, Hu XQ, Cao YB, Chen J. Sirtuins in macrophage immune metabolism: A novel target for cardiovascular disorders. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128270. [PMID: 38000586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), as a family of NAD+-dependent protein modifying enzymes, have various catalytic functions, such as deacetylases, dealkalylases, and deribonucleases. The Sirtuins family is directly or indirectly involved in pathophysiological processes such as glucolipid metabolism, oxidative stress, DNA repair and inflammatory response through various pathways and assumes an important role in several cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypertension and heart failure. A growing number of studies supports that metabolic and bioenergetic reprogramming directs the sequential process of inflammation. Failure of homeostatic restoration leads to many inflammatory diseases, and that macrophages are the central cells involving the inflammatory response and are the main source of inflammatory cytokines. Regulation of cellular metabolism has emerged as a fundamental process controlling macrophage function, but its exact signaling mechanisms remain to be revealed. Understanding the precise molecular basis of metabolic control of macrophage inflammatory processes may provide new approaches for targeting immune metabolism and inflammation. Here, we provide an update of studies in cardiovascular disease on the function and role of sirtuins in macrophage inflammation and metabolism, as well as drug candidates that may interfere with sirtuins, pointing to future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Qin Xu
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liang
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yi-Lang Zhong
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xue-Qing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Yong-Bing Cao
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
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Shen S, Shen M, Kuang L, Yang K, Wu S, Liu X, Wang Y, Wang Y. SIRT1/SREBPs-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107037. [PMID: 38070792 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuins, also called silent information regulator 2, are enzymes that rely on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to function as histone deacetylases. Further investigation is warranted to explore the advantageous impacts of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a constituent of the sirtuin group, on lipid metabolism, in addition to its well-researched involvement in extending lifespan. The regulation of gene expression has been extensively linked to SIRT1. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) is a substrate of SIRT1 that has attracted significant interest due to its role in multiple cellular processes including cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, and metabolic functions. Hence, the objective of this analysis was to investigate and elucidate the correlation between SIRT1 and SREBPs, as well as assess the contribution of SIRT1/SREBPs in mitigating lipid metabolism dysfunction. The objective of this research was to investigate whether SIRT1 and SREBPs could be utilized as viable targets for therapeutic intervention in managing complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Mingyang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Lirun Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Keyu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Shiran Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Xinde Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
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Farhan M, Rizvi A. The Pharmacological Properties of Red Grape Polyphenol Resveratrol: Clinical Trials and Obstacles in Drug Development. Nutrients 2023; 15:4486. [PMID: 37892561 PMCID: PMC10610408 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a stilbenoid from red grapes that possesses a strong antioxidant activity. Resveratrol has been shown to have anticancer activity, making it a promising drug for the treatment and prevention of numerous cancers. Several in vitro and in vivo investigations have validated resveratrol's anticancer capabilities, demonstrating its ability to block all steps of carcinogenesis (such as initiation, promotion, and progression). Additionally, resveratrol has been found to have auxiliary pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activity. Despite its pharmacological properties, several obstacles, such as resveratrol's poor solubility and bioavailability, as well as its adverse effects, continue to be key obstacles to drug development. This review critically evaluates the clinical trials to date and aims to develop a framework to develop resveratrol into a clinically viable drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Gonçalinho GHF, Kuwabara KL, Faria NFDO, Goes MFDS, Roggerio A, Avakian SD, Strunz CMC, Mansur ADP. Sirtuin 1 and Vascular Function in Healthy Women and Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Effects of Energy Restriction and Resveratrol. Nutrients 2023; 15:2949. [PMID: 37447275 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been associated with longevity and protection against cardiometabolic diseases, but little is known about how it influences human vascular function. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of SIRT1 activation by resveratrol and energy restriction on vascular reactivity in adults. Methods: A randomized trial allocated 48 healthy adults (24 women and 24 men), aged 55 to 65 years, to resveratrol supplementation or energy restriction for 30 days. Blood lipids, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, noradrenaline, SIRT1 (circulating and gene expression), and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and nitrate-mediated vasodilation (NMD) were measured. Results: Both interventions increased circulating SIRT1 (p < 0.001). Pre- and post-tests changes of plasma noradrenaline were significant for both groups (resveratrol: p = 0.037; energy restriction: p = 0.008). Baseline circulating SIRT1 was inversely correlated with noradrenaline (r = -0.508; p < 0.01), and post-treatment circulating SIRT1 was correlated with NMD (r = 0.433; p < 0.01). Circulating SIRT1 was a predictor of FMD in men (p = 0.045), but not in women. SIRT1 was an independent predictor of NMD (p = 0.026) only in the energy restriction group. Conclusions: Energy restriction and resveratrol increased circulating SIRT1 and reduced sympathetic activity similarly in healthy adults. SIRT1 was independently associated with NMD only in the energy restriction group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Henrique Ferreira Gonçalinho
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
- Serviço de Prevenção, Cardiopatia da Mulher e Reabilitação Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Karen Lika Kuwabara
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
- Serviço de Prevenção, Cardiopatia da Mulher e Reabilitação Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Ferreira de Oliveira Faria
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
- Serviço de Prevenção, Cardiopatia da Mulher e Reabilitação Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Marisa Fernandes da Silva Goes
- Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Roggerio
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Solange Desirée Avakian
- Unidade Clínica de Cardiopatias Valvares, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria Cassaro Strunz
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio de Padua Mansur
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
- Serviço de Prevenção, Cardiopatia da Mulher e Reabilitação Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
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Venkat R, Verma E, Daimary UD, Kumar A, Girisa S, Dutta U, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB. The Journey of Resveratrol from Vineyards to Clinics. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:183-220. [PMID: 35993769 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
With rising technological advancements, several factors influence the lifestyle of people and stimulate chronic inflammation that severely affects the human body. Chronic inflammation leads to a broad range of physical and pathophysiological distress. For many years, non-steroidal drugs and corticosteroids were most frequently used in treating inflammation and related ailments. However, long-term usage of these drugs aggravates the conditions of chronic diseases and is presented with morbid side effects, especially in old age. Hence, the quest for safe and less toxic anti-inflammatory compounds of high therapeutic potential with least adverse side effects has shifted researchers' attention to ancient medicinal system. Resveratrol (RSV) - 3,4,5' trihydroxystilbene is one such naturally available polyphenolic stilbene derivative obtained from various plant sources. For over 2000 years, these plants have been used in Asian medicinal system for curing inflammation-associated disorders. There is a wealth of in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence that shows RSV could induce anti-aging health benefits including, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, phytoesterogenic, and cardio protective properties. However, the issue of rapid elimination of RSV through the metabolic system and its low bio-availability is of paramount importance which is being studied extensively. Therefore, in this article, we scientifically reviewed the molecular targets, biological activities, beneficial and contradicting effects of RSV as evinced by clinical studies for the prevention and treatment of inflammation-mediated chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Venkat
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Department of Zoology, Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cotton University, Guwahati, India
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Opstad TB, Farup PG, Rootwelt H, Aaseth JO. Changes in circulating sirtuin 1 after bariatric surgery. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2858-2864. [PMID: 36404480 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Weight loss after bariatric surgery improves the inflammatory state and risk of cardiovascular disease. Improvement in metabolic dysfunction might be associated with changes in the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and we aimed to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on its circulating levels. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a sub-study of a prospective cohort study, including 110 subjects with morbid obesity. The surgical procedure was either laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Blood was sampled at inclusion and six and 12 months after surgery. SIRT1 was measured in EDTA plasma with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean age in the population was 43 years, 80% were women and mean body mass index (BMI) was 38.8 kg/m2. RYGB and SG were performed in 89 and 21 subjects, respectively. SIRT1 concentration was significantly reduced from baseline to six and 12 months after surgery, with mean values (SD) 156.8 (82.6), 119.5 (65.6) and 94.9 (45.6) ng/mL, respectively, (p ≤ 0.002, all), accompanied by significant reductions in C-reactive protein (CRP), BMI and triglycerides from inclusion (p < 0.001, all). Type of surgery did not differently modify SIRT1 levels (p = 0.09). CRP and triglycerides were both positively predictive of SIRT1 levels (p ≤ 0.001, both). CONCLUSION SIRT1 concentration was significantly lower six and 12 months after bariatric surgery. CRP and triglycerides independently predicted SIRT1 levels, suggesting that reduction in SIRT1 levels might not intrinsically be related to weight reduction, but to improvement in metaflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine B Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, 0240 Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Per G Farup
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, PB 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan O Aaseth
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, PB 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway; Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, PB 400, N-2418 Elverum, Norway
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The Interplay of Sirtuin-1, LDL-Cholesterol, and HDL Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effects of Energy Restriction and Atorvastatin on Women with Premature Coronary Artery Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122363. [PMID: 36552571 PMCID: PMC9774144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HDL function has gained prominence in the literature as there is a greater predictive capacity for risk in early coronary artery disease when compared to the traditional parameters. However, it is unclear how dietary energy restriction and atorvastatin influence HDL function. METHODS A randomized controlled trial with 39 women with early CAD divided into three groups (n = 13): energy restriction (30% of VET), atorvastatin (80 mg), and control. Analyses of traditional biochemical markers (lipid and glucose profile), circulating Sirt-1, and HDL function (lipid composition, lipid transfer, and antioxidant capacity). RESULTS Participants' mean age was 50.5 ± 3.8 years. Energy restriction increased Sirt-1 by 63.6 pg/mL (95%CI: 1.5-125.7; p = 0.045) and reduced BMI by 0.8 kg/m2 (95%CI: -1.349--0.273; p = 0.004) in a manner independent of other cardiometabolic factors. Atorvastatin reduced LDL-c by 40.0 mg/dL (95%CI: -69.910--10.1; p = 0.010). Increased Sirt-1 and reduced BMI were independently associated with reduced phospholipid composition of HDL (respectively, β = -0.071; CI95%:-0.136--0.006; p = 0.033; β = 7.486; CI95%:0.350-14.622; p = 0.040). Reduction in BMI was associated with lower HDL-free cholesterol (β = 0.818; CI95%:0.044-1.593; p = 0.039). LDL-c reduction by statins was associated with reduced maximal lipid peroxide production rate of HDL (β = 0.002; CI95%:0.000-0.003; p = 0.022) and total conjugated diene generation (β = 0.001; CI95%:0.000-0.001; p = 0.029). CONCLUSION This study showed that energy restriction and atorvastatin administration were associated with changes in lipid profile, serum Sirt-1 concentrations, and HDL function.
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Epigenetic regulation of aging: implications for interventions of aging and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:374. [PMID: 36336680 PMCID: PMC9637765 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the decline of organismal functions and a series of prominent hallmarks, including genetic and epigenetic alterations. These aging-associated epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, and RNA modification, all of which participate in the regulation of the aging process, and hence contribute to aging-related diseases. Therefore, understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in aging will provide new avenues to develop strategies to delay aging. Indeed, aging interventions based on manipulating epigenetic mechanisms have led to the alleviation of aging or the extension of the lifespan in animal models. Small molecule-based therapies and reprogramming strategies that enable epigenetic rejuvenation have been developed for ameliorating or reversing aging-related conditions. In addition, adopting health-promoting activities, such as caloric restriction, exercise, and calibrating circadian rhythm, has been demonstrated to delay aging. Furthermore, various clinical trials for aging intervention are ongoing, providing more evidence of the safety and efficacy of these therapies. Here, we review recent work on the epigenetic regulation of aging and outline the advances in intervention strategies for aging and age-associated diseases. A better understanding of the critical roles of epigenetics in the aging process will lead to more clinical advances in the prevention of human aging and therapy of aging-related diseases.
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Fan D, Liu C, Zhang Z, Huang K, Wang T, Chen S, Li Z. Progress in the Preclinical and Clinical Study of Resveratrol for Vascular Metabolic Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217524. [PMID: 36364370 PMCID: PMC9658204 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular metabolic dysfunction presents in various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Due to the high prevalence of these diseases, it is important to explore treatment strategies to protect vascular function. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, is regarded as an agent to regulate metabolic pathways. Many studies have proven that RSV has beneficial effects on improving metabolism in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which provide new directions to treat vascular metabolic diseases. Herein, we overviewed that RSV could regulate cell metabolism activity by inhibiting glucose uptake, suppressing glycolysis, preventing cells from fatty acid-related damages, reducing lipogenesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, enhancing lipolysis, elevating uptake and synthesis of glutamine, and increasing NO release. Furthermore, in clinical trials, although the results from different studies remain controversial, we proposed that RSV had better therapeutic effects at high concentrations and for patients with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Fan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chenshu Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kan Huang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tengyao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Sifan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zilun Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Correspondence:
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Wu M, Zhang J, Gu R, Dai F, Yang D, Zheng Y, Tan W, Jia Y, Li B, Cheng Y. The role of Sirtuin 1 in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:158. [PMID: 36030228 PMCID: PMC9419382 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common multifactor heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disease in women of childbearing age. PCOS is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by reproductive disorders, metabolic disorders, and mental health problems that seriously impact the physical and mental health of patients. At present, new studies suggest that human evolution leads to the body changes and the surrounding environment mismatch adaptation, but the understanding of the disease is still insufficient, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the Sirtuin family, is expressed in various cells and plays a crucial role in cell energy conversion and physiological metabolism. Pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant stress and insulin resistance play a crucial role. Moreover, SIRT1 participates in the pathophysiological processes of oxidative stress, autophagy, ovulation disturbance and insulin resistance, which may be a vital link in the occurrence of PCOS. Hence, the study of the role of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of PCOS and related complications will contribute to a more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS and supply a basis for the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mali Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yifan Jia
- Department of Pain, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Bingshu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Gonçalinho GHF, Nascimento JRDO, Mioto BM, Amato RV, Moretti MA, Strunz CMC, César LAM, Mansur ADP. Effects of Coffee on Sirtuin-1, Homocysteine, and Cholesterol of Healthy Adults: Does the Coffee Powder Matter? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11112985. [PMID: 35683374 PMCID: PMC9181040 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coffee is one of the most popular beverages globally and contains several bioactive compounds that are relevant to human health. Many nutritional strategies modulate sirtuin-1, thereby impacting aging and cardiometabolic health. This study investigated the influence of different blended coffees on serum sirtuin-1, blood lipids, and plasma homocysteine. Methods: An eight-week randomized clinical trial that included 53 healthy adults of both sexes analyzed the effects of daily intake of 450 to 600 mL of pure Arabica or blended (Arabica + Robusta) coffee intake of filtered coffee on blood sirtuin-1, lipids, and homocysteine. Results: Both Arabica and blended coffees similarly increased serum sirtuin-1 concentration, from 0.51 to 0.58 ng/mL (p = 0.004) and from 0.40 to 0.49 ng/mL (p = 0.003), respectively, without changing plasma homocysteine, folic acid, glucose, and CRP. However, the blended coffee intake increased total cholesterol from 4.70 to 5.17 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol from 2.98 to 3.32 mmol/L (p < 0.001), as well as HDL-c from 1.26 to 1.36 mmol/L (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Both coffee powders increased sirtuin-1 expression, but our results suggest that blended coffee had hypercholesterolemic effects which could increase cardiovascular risk. Therefore, preference should be given to Arabica coffee for the best cardiometabolic benefits of coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Henrique Ferreira Gonçalinho
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (G.H.F.G.); (J.R.d.O.N.); (L.A.M.C.)
- Servico de Prevencao e Reabilitacao Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil
| | - José Rafael de Oliveira Nascimento
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (G.H.F.G.); (J.R.d.O.N.); (L.A.M.C.)
- Servico de Prevencao e Reabilitacao Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mahler Mioto
- Unidade Clinica de Coronariopatias Cronicas, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (B.M.M.); (R.V.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Reynaldo Vicente Amato
- Unidade Clinica de Coronariopatias Cronicas, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (B.M.M.); (R.V.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Miguel Antonio Moretti
- Unidade Clinica de Coronariopatias Cronicas, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (B.M.M.); (R.V.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Célia Maria Cassaro Strunz
- Laboratorio de Analises Clínicas, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Antonio Machado César
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (G.H.F.G.); (J.R.d.O.N.); (L.A.M.C.)
- Unidade Clinica de Coronariopatias Cronicas, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (B.M.M.); (R.V.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Antonio de Padua Mansur
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (G.H.F.G.); (J.R.d.O.N.); (L.A.M.C.)
- Servico de Prevencao e Reabilitacao Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Epigenetic Modifications and Non-Coding RNA in Diabetes-Mellitus-Induced Coronary Artery Disease: Pathophysiological Link and New Therapeutic Frontiers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094589. [PMID: 35562979 PMCID: PMC9105558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a glucose metabolism disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from a deficit of insulin production and/or action. DM affects more than 1 in 10 adults, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for two thirds of the overall deaths in diabetic patients, with coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic cardiomyopathy as the main contributors. Hyperglycemic damage on vascular endothelial cells leading to endothelial dysfunction represents the main initiating factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still not entirely understood. This review addresses the current knowledge on the pathophysiological links between DM and CAD with a focus on the role of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNA control. Increased knowledge of epigenetic mechanisms has contributed to the development of new pharmacological treatments (“epidrugs”) with epigenetic targets, although these approaches present several challenges. Specific epigenetic biomarkers may also be used to predict or detect the development and progression of diabetes complications. Further studies on diabetes and CAD epigenetics are needed in order to identify possible new therapeutic targets and advance personalized medicine with the prediction of individual drug responses and minimization of adverse effects.
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Zhou Q, Wang Y, Han X, Fu S, Zhu C, Chen Q. Efficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:795980. [PMID: 35431994 PMCID: PMC9009313 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.795980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipids are ubiquitous metabolites with diverse functions. Excessive lipid accumulation can trigger lipid redistribution among metabolic organs such as adipose, liver and muscle, thus altering the lipid metabolism. It has been revealed that disturbed lipid metabolism would cause multiple disease complications and is highly correlated with human morbidity. Resveratrol (RSV), a phytoestrogen with antioxidant, can modulate insulin resistance and lipid profile. Recently, research on RSV supplementation to improve glucose and lipid metabolism has been controversial. A meta-analysis may provide a scientific reference for the relationship between lipid metabolism and RSV supplementation. Methods and Analysis We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception to October 2021 using relevant keywords. A comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. For calculating pooled effects, continuous data were pooled by mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Adopting the method of inverse-variance with a random-effect, all related statistical analyses were performed using the Rev Man V.5.3 and STATA V.15 software. Results A total of 25 articles were incorporated into the final meta-analysis after removal of duplicates by checking titles and abstracts and excluding non-relevant articles. The selected articles had a total of 1,171 participants, including 578 in the placebo group and 593 in the intervention group. According to the current meta-analysis, which demonstrated that there was a significant decrease in waist circumference (SMD = –0.36; 95% CI: –0.59, –0.14; P = 0.002; I2 = 88%), hemoglobin A1c (–0.48; –0.69, –0.27; P ≤ 0.001; I2 = 94%), total cholesterol (–0.15; –0.3, –0.01; P = 0.003; I2 = 94%), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (–0.42; –0.57, –0.27; P ≤ 0.001; I2 = 92%), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.16; –0.31, –0.02; P = 0.03; I2 = 81%) following resveratrol administration. Conclusion These results suggest that RSV has a dramatic impact on regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, and the major clinical value of resveratrol intake is for obese and diabetic patients. We hope that this study could provide more options for clinicians using RSV. Furthermore, in the future, large-scale and well-designed trials will be warranted to confirm these results. Systematic Review Registration Website [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42021244904].
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20
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Buglio DS, Marton LT, Laurindo LF, Guiguer EL, Araújo AC, Buchaim RL, Goulart RDA, Rubira CJ, Barbalho SM. The Role of Resveratrol in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. J Med Food 2022; 25:797-806. [PMID: 35353606 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancing age is one of the risk factors for developing many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative alterations, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Studies have indicated that supplementation with resveratrol (RSV) might improve cerebrovascular function and reduce the risk of developing dementia. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of RSV on MCI and AD. MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE were used to perform the search, and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Five studies met the eligible criteria; three with AD and two with MCI. In AD patients, the use of RSV reduces Aβ levels, improves brain volume, reduces the Mini-mental status score, and improves AD scores. In patients with MCI, this polyphenol prevents decline in Standard Volumes of Interest and increases the Resting-state Functional Connectivity score. RSV can activate the human silent information regulator 2/sirtuin 1 (Sirt-1) and can inhibit the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase, and nuclear factor-κB, resulting in the reduction of the proinflammation pathways. It is also associated with the increase in the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and reduction of interferon-γ and IL-17. Both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects can be related to preventing neurodegenerative diseases, doing maintenance, and enabling the recovery of these conditions directly related to inflammation and oxidative stress. We suggest that the use of RSV can bring beneficial effects to patients with MCI or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiene Santos Buglio
- Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation-UNIMAR, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ledyane Taynara Marton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation-UNIMAR, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Food and Technology of Marilia (FATEC), Marilia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation-UNIMAR, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudio José Rubira
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Barbalho
- Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation-UNIMAR, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Food and Technology of Marilia (FATEC), Marilia, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Tozzi R, Masi D, Cipriani F, Contini S, Gangitano E, Spoltore ME, Barchetta I, Basciani S, Watanabe M, Baldini E, Ulisse S, Lubrano C, Gnessi L, Mariani S. Circulating SIRT1 and Sclerostin Correlates with Bone Status in Young Women with Different Degrees of Adiposity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050983. [PMID: 35267956 PMCID: PMC8912833 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and sclerostin play important roles in adipose tissue and bone metabolism. We evaluated the circulating SIRT1 and sclerostin relationship with mass and quality of bone while considering the degree of adiposity. Sixty-six premenopausal women (16 underweight, 25 normal weight and 25 with obesity), aged <50 years, were enrolled. Plasma SIRT1, sclerostin and DXA body composition (total fat mass (FM), abdominal visceral adipose tissue, lean mass, trabecular bone score (TBS) and lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD)) were assessed. The patients with obesity showed the lowest SIRT1 and TBS values and the highest sclerostin concentrations; BMD increased with FM and BMI and had an inverse association with SIRT1. Sclerostin was negatively correlated with SIRT1 (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.002). When spine BMD, FN BMD and TBS were standardized for BMI, a positive correlation with SIRT1 and a negative correlation with sclerostin were seen (p < 0.005). In the regression analysis, sclerostin was the best independent, negative predictor for BMD and TBS, while SIRT1 directly predicted TBS (p < 0.05). In conclusion, blood measurement of SIRT1 and sclerostin could represent a snapshot of the bone status that, taking into account the degree of adiposity, may reduce the interference of confounding factors in the interpretation of bone health parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Davide Masi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Fiammetta Cipriani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Savina Contini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Elena Gangitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Elena Spoltore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Sabrina Basciani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Mikiko Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Carla Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (F.C.); (S.C.); (E.G.); (M.E.S.); (I.B.); (S.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06499-70721; Fax: +39-06446-1450
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22
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Rozhkova AV, Dmitrieva VG, Nosova EV, Dergunov AD, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Genomic Variants and Multilevel Regulation of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1 Expression in Atherogenesis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8120170. [PMID: 34940525 PMCID: PMC8707585 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atheroprotective properties of human plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are determined by their involvement in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from the macrophage to the liver. ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI cholesterol transporters are involved in cholesterol efflux from macrophages to lipid-free ApoA-I and HDL as a first RCT step. Molecular determinants of RCT efficiency that may possess diagnostic and therapeutic meaning remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the progress in studying the genomic variants of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1, and the regulation of their function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in atherosclerosis. Defects in the structure and function of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI are caused by changes in the gene sequence, such as single nucleotide polymorphism or various mutations. In the transcription initiation of transporter genes, in addition to transcription factors, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), transcription activators, and repressors are also involved. Furthermore, transcription is substantially influenced by the methylation of gene promoter regions. Post-transcriptional regulation involves microRNAs and lncRNAs, including circular RNAs. The potential biomarkers and targets for atheroprotection, based on molecular mechanisms of expression regulation for three transporter genes, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V. Rozhkova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Veronika G. Dmitrieva
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Elena V. Nosova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Alexander D. Dergunov
- Laboratory of Structural Fundamentals of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Liudmila V. Dergunova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
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23
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Effect of resveratrol supplementation on biomarkers associated with atherosclerosis in humans. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 46:101491. [PMID: 34731768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested the beneficial effects of resveratrol against cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there are inconsistent results on cardiovascular-related biomarkers mainly because of variable dosage, intervention time and baseline characteristics of the population. Thus, the exact effect of resveratrol remains unclear. We conducted a review to classify the studies that applied resveratrol to supplement humans according to the major biomarkers and identify which protocol characteristics would be associated with each result profile. Randomized clinical trials that assessed resveratrol effect on biomarkers related to atherosclerosis were searched in databases. Biochemical data were collected from 27 studies on the baseline and post-intervention time. We selected 12 biomarkers to compose the matrix, based on their clinical relevance and higher variation level. A total of 32 assays were obtained from these 27 studies. The net change (%) was calculated for each biomarker. Applying multivariate analysis, the assays were grouped into 3 clusters. Studies that composed Cluster II were characterized by a mean dose of 454.14 mg/day for 74.21 days and showed higher reduction of triglyceride concentration and blood pressure, while those composing Cluster III applied doses around 273.75 mg/day for about 175.33 days and showed the highest HDL increase. Thus, interventions with resveratrol could be customized according to the patient condition, in terms of "dose/time of intervention". This information can be applied to combine resveratrol with drugs to reduce blood pressure or improve lipid profile in further clinical studies.
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24
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Gorabi AM, Aslani S, Imani D, Razi B, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Effect of resveratrol on C-reactive protein: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6754-6767. [PMID: 34472150 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis on the available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the role of resveratrol in lowering C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) levels, as markers of inflammation, in various inflammatory disorders. Literature search through Medline/PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library yielded 35 RCTs (24 studies for hs-CRP and 11 studies for CRP). Pooled results revealed that resveratrol supplementation significantly reduced the hs-CRP (MWD = -0.40 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.70 to -0.09 mg/L; p = .01) and CRP (MWD = -0.31 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.47 to -0.15 mg/L; p < .001) levels in serum. Subgroup analysis revealed that resveratrol in group with ≥10 weeks significantly reduces hs-CRP levels (MWD = -0.48 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.92 to -0.04 mg/L; p = .03) and CRP (WMD = -0.47 mg/L, 95% CI = -0.69 to -0.25, p < .001). A dose of ≥500 mg/day supplementation improves the levels of CRP, but not hs-CRP. This meta-analysis demonstrates that resveratrol consumption is effective in lowering the levels of CRP and hs-CRP in inflammatory conditions, especially if supplementation takes place for ≥10 weeks with ≥500 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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25
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Domínguez-López I, Parilli-Moser I, Arancibia-Riveros C, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Martínez-González MA, Ortega-Azorín C, Salas-Salvadó J, Castañer O, Lapetra J, Arós F, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Gómez-Gracia E, Ros E, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Estruch R. Urinary Tartaric Acid, a Biomarker of Wine Intake, Correlates with Lower Total and LDL Cholesterol. Nutrients 2021; 13:2883. [PMID: 34445043 PMCID: PMC8399930 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal women are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases due to changes in lipid profile and body fat, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of urinary tartaric acid, a biomarker of wine consumption, with anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio), blood pressure, and biochemical variables (blood glucose and lipid profile) that may be affected during the menopausal transition. This sub-study of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial included a sample of 230 women aged 60-80 years with high cardiovascular risk at baseline. Urine samples were diluted and filtered, and tartaric acid was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Correlations between tartaric acid and the study variables were adjusted for age, education level, smoking status, physical activity, BMI, cholesterol-lowering, antihypertensive, and insulin treatment, total energy intake, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, and raisins. A strong association was observed between wine consumption and urinary tartaric acid (0.01 μg/mg (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.01), p-value < 0.001). Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were inversely correlated with urinary tartaric acid (-3.13 μg/mg (-5.54, -0.71), p-value = 0.016 and -3.03 μg/mg (-5.62, -0.42), p-value = 0.027, respectively), whereas other biochemical and anthropometric variables were unrelated. The results suggest that wine consumption may have a positive effect on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women, underpinning its nutraceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Domínguez-López
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-L.); (I.P.-M.); (C.A.-R.); (A.T.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
| | - Isabella Parilli-Moser
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-L.); (I.P.-M.); (C.A.-R.); (A.T.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
| | - Camila Arancibia-Riveros
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-L.); (I.P.-M.); (C.A.-R.); (A.T.-R.)
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-L.); (I.P.-M.); (C.A.-R.); (A.T.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
| | - Miguel Angel Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Municipal Institute for Medical Research (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Research Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txangorritxu, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Department Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, FIPEC, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-L.); (I.P.-M.); (C.A.-R.); (A.T.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.M.-G.); (C.O.-A.); (J.S.-S.); (O.C.); (J.L.); (F.A.); (M.F.); (L.S.-M.); (X.P.); (E.G.-G.); (E.R.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Fraiz GM, da Conceição AR, de Souza Vilela DL, Rocha DMUP, Bressan J, Hermsdorff HHM. Can resveratrol modulate sirtuins in obesity and related diseases? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2961-2977. [PMID: 34251517 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human sirtuins can be a powerful therapeutic target in preventing and treating obesity and age-related diseases. Some dietary components can modulate sirtuins' activity, such as resveratrol. This systematic review aimed to assess whether resveratrol (RSV), without other interventions, can stimulate sirtuins in the treatment of excess weight and its comorbidities. METHODS MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were used for search eligible articles. Randomized clinical trials assessing RSV supplementation on changes in the sirtuins' gene expression/protein levels was the primary outcome. Other possible changes in cardiometabolic markers were considered the second outcome. Following PRISMA guidelines and using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently and in parallel screened, assessed the studies' quality, and compiled data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus or consulting a third author. RESULTS This review included seven randomized control trials. Four articles demonstrated a significant increase in SIRT-1 with different RSV dosages and interventions time. The secondary outcomes showed improvements in insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, metabolic flexibility, total antioxidant capacity, energy expenditure changes, and reduction of ectopic accumulation of fat. CONCLUSION Data from RCTs studies showed that RSV supplementation could stimulate SIRT-1 in humans, and therefore contribute to the treatment of excess weight and its comorbidities. However, more research is needed because it was not possible to confirm this effect truly. [PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020205571].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Macedo Fraiz
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Rosignoli da Conceição
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Darlene Larissa de Souza Vilela
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Opstad TB, Sundfør T, Tonstad S, Seljeflot I. Effect of intermittent and continuous caloric restriction on Sirtuin1 concentration depends on sex and body mass index. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1871-1878. [PMID: 33975734 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The favorable effect of caloric restriction (CR) on health span is well known and partly mediated by the sirtuin system. Sirtuin1, a regulator of energy homeostasis in response to nutrient availability, is activated by CR. We therefore investigated effects of two different CR regimens on Sirtuin1 concentrations. METHODS & RESULTS The study included 112 abdominally obese subjects, randomized to intermittent or continuous CR for 1 year. Blood samples and anthropometric measures were collected at baseline and after 12 months. Sirtuin1 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Sirtuin1 correlated significantly to BMI at baseline (r = .232, p = 0.019). Mean reduction in body-weight was 8.0 and 9.0 kg after intermittent and continuous CR, respectively. After 1 year, no significant between-group differences in Sirtuin1 levels were observed according to regimen (p = 0.98) and sex (p = 0.41). An increase in median Sirtuin1 concentrations (pg/mL) [25, 75 percentiles] from baseline was observed after intermittent CR in the total population (884 [624, 1285] vs.762 [530, 1135]; p = 0.041), most marked in men (820 [623, 1250] vs. 633 [524, 926]; p = 0.016). Improvement in BMI after 1 year correlated to Sirtuin1 changes, but varied according to sex. In women, Spearman's rho = .298, p = 0.034, with stronger correlation in the intermittent CR group (r = .424, p = 0.049). In men, there was an inverse relation to Sirtuin1 changes, only in the intermittent CR group (r = -.396, p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Effects on Sirtuin1 concentrations after 1 year of CR are sex and BMI-related. Intermittent CR regimen affected Sirtuin1 to a stronger extent than continuous CR, suggesting individualized dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine B Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tine Sundfør
- Section of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Section of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Garrigue P, Mounien L, Champion S, Mouhajir Y, Pechere L, Guillet B, Landrier JF, Seree E. Long-term administration of resveratrol at low doses improves neurocognitive performance as well as cerebral blood flow and modulates the inflammatory pathways in the brain. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 97:108786. [PMID: 34082127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of coincident cerebrovascular deficiency and cognitive dysfunction with aging. Increased oxidative stress as well as inflammation that occurs with aging are associated with the impairment of cerebral vascularization. Interestingly, Resveratrol (RSV), a natural phytoalexin, is known to be a strong antioxidant and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Collectively, these observations strongly suggest that RSV could protect against cerebral vascularization defect and then improves the decline cognitive function associated with aging. In order to test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of a long-term RSV treatment (1.25 mg/day for 5 months) on cognitive performances of animals that we have allowed to age normally. Then, we further analyzed the gene expression profile and the cerebral blood flow in the brain. By means of novel object recognition (NOR) test, we observed that RSV enhanced NOR performances of aged rats. In addition, RSV enhanced cerebral blood flow during NOR task in aged rats. Using microarrays experiments, we also showed that several pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress (Eicosanoid signaling, MIF-mediated innate immunity, NF-kB signaling, TNFR2 signaling, IL6 signaling, Production of nitric oxide and ROS) were down-regulated in the brain of RSV treatments rats compared to control rats. In conclusion, these results support that a long-term treatment with RSV improves cognitive performance in the elderly male rat model. This effect is associated with an increase in cerebral blood flow and a decrease in the expression of several pro-inflammatory pathways in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Garrigue
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Yassin Mouhajir
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Benjamin Guillet
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Eric Seree
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France.
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Song L, Zhang J, Lai R, Li Q, Ju J, Xu H. Chinese Herbal Medicines and Active Metabolites: Potential Antioxidant Treatments for Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675999. [PMID: 34054550 PMCID: PMC8155674 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex chronic disease that occurs in the arterial wall. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The dominance of oxidative stress over antioxidative capacity generates excess reactive oxygen species, leading to dysfunctions of the endothelium and accelerating atherosclerotic plaque progression. Studies showed that Chinese herbal medicines and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) might regulate oxidative stress; they have already been used to treat diseases related to atherosclerosis, including stroke and myocardial infarction. This review will summarize the mechanisms of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis and discuss studies of Chinese herbal medicines and TCM preparations treating atherosclerosis, aiming to increase understanding of TCM and stimulate research for new drugs to treat diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxia Song
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runmin Lai
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyi Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Ju
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Miziak B, Błaszczyk B, Czuczwar SJ. Some Candidate Drugs for Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's Disease. PHARMACEUTICALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:ph14050458. [PMID: 34068096 PMCID: PMC8152728 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD; progressive neurodegenerative disorder) is associated with cognitive and functional impairment with accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms. The available pharmacological treatment is of a symptomatic nature and, as such, it does not modify the cause of AD. The currently used drugs to enhance cognition include an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist (memantine) and cholinesterase inhibitors. The PUBMED, Medical Subject Heading and Clinical Trials databases were used for searching relevant data. Novel treatments are focused on already approved drugs for other conditions and also searching for innovative drugs encompassing investigational compounds. Among the approved drugs, we investigated, are intranasal insulin (and other antidiabetic drugs: liraglitude, pioglitazone and metformin), bexarotene (an anti-cancer drug and a retinoid X receptor agonist) or antidepressant drugs (citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, mirtazapine). The latter, especially when combined with antipsychotics (for instance quetiapine or risperidone), were shown to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD patients. The former enhanced cognition. Procognitive effects may be also expected with dietary antioxidative and anti-inflammatory supplements—curcumin, myricetin, and resveratrol. Considering a close relationship between brain ischemia and AD, they may also reduce post-brain ischemia neurodegeneration. An investigational compound, CN-105 (a lipoprotein E agonist), has a very good profile in AD preclinical studies, and its clinical trial for postoperative dementia is starting soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Miziak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Błaszczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, High School of Economics, Law and Medical Sciences, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Stanisław J. Czuczwar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-65-00; Fax: +48-81-65-00-01
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Bagherniya M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Regulation of Apolipoprotein B by Natural Products and Nutraceuticals: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1363-1406. [PMID: 32338202 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200427092114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the most important and the number one cause of mortality in both developing and industrialized nations. The co-morbidities associated with CVD are observed from infancy to old age. Apolipoprotein B100 (Apo B) is the primary apolipoprotein and structural protein of all major atherogenic particles derived from the liver including Very-Low- Density Lipoproteins (VLDL), Intermediate-density Lipoprotein (IDL), and Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) particles. It has been suggested that measurement of the Apo B concentration is a superior and more reliable index for the prediction of CVD risk than is the measurement of LDL-C. Nutraceuticals and medicinal plants have attracted significant attention as it pertains to the treatment of non-communicable diseases, particularly CVD, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The effect of nutraceuticals and herbal products on CVD, as well as some of its risk factors such as dyslipidemia, have been investigated previously. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of these natural products, including herbal supplements and functional foods (e.g. fruits and vegetables as either dry materials, or their extracts) on Apo B has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper was to review the effect of bioactive natural compounds on plasma Apo B concentrations. It is concluded that, in general, medicinal plants and nutraceuticals can be used as complementary medicine to reduce plasma Apo B levels in a safe, accessible, and inexpensive manner in an attempt to prevent and treat CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
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Duan H, Zhang Q, Liu J, Li R, Wang D, Peng W, Wu C. Suppression of apoptosis in vascular endothelial cell, the promising way for natural medicines to treat atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 168:105599. [PMID: 33838291 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic multifactorial disease, is closely related to the development of cardiovascular diseases and is one of the predominant causes of death worldwide. Normal vascular endothelial cells play an important role in maintaining vascular homeostasis and inhibiting atherosclerosis by regulating vascular tension, preventing thrombosis and regulating inflammation. Currently, accumulating evidence has revealed that endothelial cell apoptosis is the first step of atherosclerosis. Excess apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by risk factors for atherosclerosis is a preliminary event in atherosclerosis development and might be a target for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. Interestingly, accumulating evidence shows that natural medicines have great potential to treat atherosclerosis by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. Therefore, this paper reviewed current studies on the inhibitory effect of natural medicines on endothelial cell apoptosis and summarized the risk factors that may induce endothelial cell apoptosis, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), reactive oxygen species (ROS), angiotensin II (Ang II), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), homocysteine (Hcy) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We expect this review to highlight the importance of natural medicines, including extracts and monomers, in the treatment of atherosclerosis by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis and provide a foundation for the development of potential antiatherosclerotic drugs from natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huxinyue Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Ruolan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
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Efficacy of Polyphenols in the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Focus on Clinical Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020672. [PMID: 33669729 PMCID: PMC7922034 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols (PLPs), phytochemicals found in a wide range of plant-based foods, have gained extensive attention in view of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and several additional beneficial activities. The health-promoting effects noted in animal models of various non-communicable diseases explain the growing interest in these molecules. In particular, in vitro and animal studies reported an attenuation of lipid disorders in response to PLPs. However, despite promising preclinical investigations, the effectiveness of PLPs in human dyslipidemia (DLP) is less clear and necessitates revision of available literature. Therefore, the present review analyzes the role of PLPs in managing clinical DLP, notably by dissecting their potential in ameliorating lipid/lipoprotein metabolism and alleviating hyperlipidemia, both postprandially and in long-term interventions. To this end, PubMed was used for article search. The search terms included polyphenols, lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and /or HDL-cholesterol. The critical examination of the trials published to date illustrates certain benefits on blood lipids along with co-morbidities in participant’s health status. However, inconsistent results document significant research gaps, potentially owing to study heterogeneity and lack of rigor in establishing PLP bioavailability during supplementation. This underlines the need for further efforts in order to elucidate and support a potential role of PLPs in fighting DLP.
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Sirt1 Activity in the Brain: Simultaneous Effects on Energy Homeostasis and Reproduction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031243. [PMID: 33573212 PMCID: PMC7908627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diet deeply impacts brain functions like synaptic plasticity and cognitive processes, neuroendocrine functions, reproduction and behaviour, with detrimental or protective effects on neuronal physiology and therefore consequences for health. In this respect, the activity of metabolic sensors within the brain is critical for the maintenance of health status and represents a possible therapeutic target for some diseases. This review summarizes the main activity of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), a metabolic sensor within the brain with a focus on the link between the central control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. The possible modulation of Sirt1 by natural phytochemical compounds like polyphenols is also discussed.
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Wang P, Hu XX, Li YH, Gao NY, Chen GQ, Chen JL. Inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of ticagrelor in vivo and in vitro. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:821-826. [PMID: 33400617 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of ticagrelor in rats and the metabolism of ticagrelor in human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 (CYP3A4) and liver microsomes. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: group A (control group), group B (50 mg/kg resveratrol), and group C (150 mg/kg resveratrol). After 30 min administration of resveratrol, a single dose of ticagrelor (18 mg/kg) was administered orally. The in vitro experiment was performed to examine the influence of resveratrol on ticagrelor metabolism in CYP3A4*1, human, and rat liver microsomes. Serial biological samples were assayed by validated ultra high-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometer methods. For the in vivo study, the area under the concentration-time curve and mean peak plasma concentrations of ticagrelor in group B and C appeared to be significantly higher than the control group, while volume of distribution in terminal phase and apparent clearance of ticagrelor in group B and C were significantly decreased. For the in vitro study, resveratrol exhibited an inhibitory effect on CYP3A4*1, human and rat liver microsomes. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of resveratrol were 56.75 μM, 69.07 μM, and 14.22 μM, respectively. Our results indicated that resveratrol had an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of ticagrelor in vitro and in vivo. Further research should focus on the clinical combination of resveratrol with ticagrelor, and ticagrelor plasma concentration should be monitored to avoid the occurrence of adverse reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Hu
- Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying-Hui Li
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan-Yong Gao
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Quan Chen
- Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-le Chen
- Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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Wojciak G, Szymura J, Szygula Z, Gradek J, Wiecek M. The Effect of Repeated Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Sirt1 and Sirt3 Concentrations and Oxidative Status in Older and Young Men Performing Different Levels of Physical Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010037. [PMID: 33396247 PMCID: PMC7823702 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The activity of antioxidant enzymes and sirtuins (Sirt) decreases along with age, which is counteracted by aerobic training. Sirtuins increase antioxidant defence. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) increases total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in young men. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of 24 WBC treatments on the blood concentration of selected sirtuins and the level of antioxidant defence as well as oxidative stress index of training and non-training men depending on age. Methods: The study involved 40 males. In each group, there were 10 non-training older and young men (60 NTR and 20 NTR), and 10 older and young long-distance runners (60 TR, 20 TR). During an 8-week period, participants underwent 24 WBC treatments (3 min −130 °C), which were performed three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The concentrations of Sirt1, Sirt3, TAC, total oxidative status and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood were determined before 1 WBC and after 1 WBC, 12 WBC and 24 WBC. Results: After 1 WBC, the activity of GPx and the concentration of Sirt1 and TAC in 60 TR and TAC in 60 NTR increased. After 12 WBC, the level of Sirt1 in 20 NTR and SOD in 20 TR increased. After 24 WBC, the level of Sirt1 increased in 60 TR and in 20 NTR, Sirt3 in 60 TR and SOD in 20 TR. Conclusions: Cryogenic temperatures increase blood levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 and systemic antioxidant defence in men, but the effect is dependent on age, level of performed physical activity and the number of applied treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Wojciak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Jadwiga Szymura
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Szygula
- Department of Sport Medicine and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Joanna Gradek
- Department of Athletics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Wiecek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (M.W.)
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Zhang S, Li L, Chen W, Xu S, Feng X, Zhang L. Natural products: The role and mechanism in low-density lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2945-2967. [PMID: 33368763 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, metabolic, and epigenetic disease, which leads to the life-threatening coronary artery disease. Emerging studies from bench to bedside have demonstrated the pivotal role of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. This article hereby reviews oxidation mechanism of LDL, and the pro-atherogenic and biomarker role of oxidized LDL in atherosclerosis. We also review the pharmacological effects of several representative natural products (vitamin E, resveratrol, quercetin, probucol, tanshinone IIA, epigallocatechin gallate, and Lycopene) in protecting against LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis. Clinical and basic research supports the beneficial effects of these natural products in inhibiting LDL oxidation and preventing atherosclerosis, but the data are still controversial. This may be related to factors such as the population and the dosage and time of taking natural products involved in different studies. Understanding the mechanism of LDL oxidation and effect of oxidized LDL help researchers to find novel therapies against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenxu Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Mariani S, Di Giorgio MR, Rossi E, Tozzi R, Contini S, Bauleo L, Cipriani F, Toscano R, Basciani S, Barbaro G, Watanabe M, Valenti A, Cotugno A, Ancona C, Lubrano C, Gnessi L. Blood SIRT1 Shows a Coherent Association with Leptin and Adiponectin in Relation to the Degree and Distribution of Adiposity: A Study in Obesity, Normal Weight and Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113506. [PMID: 33202604 PMCID: PMC7696683 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a sensor of cell energy availability, and with leptin and adiponectin, it regulates metabolic homeostasis. Widely studied in tissues, SIRT1 is under evaluation as a plasmatic marker. We aimed at assessing whether circulating SIRT1 behaves consistently with leptin and adiponectin in conditions of deficiency, excess or normal fat content. Eighty subjects were evaluated: 27 with anorexia nervosa (AN), 26 normal-weight and 27 with obesity. Bloodstream SIRT1, leptin and adiponectin (ELISA), total and trunk fat mass (FM) %, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, liver steatosis and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) were assessed. For each fat store, the coefficient of determination (R2) was used to evaluate the prediction capability of SIRT1, leptin and adiponectin. Plasma SIRT1 and adiponectin coherently decreased with the increase of FM, while the opposite occurred with leptin. Mean levels of each analyte were different between groups (p < 0.005). A significant association between plasma variables and FM depots was observed. SIRT1 showed a good predictive strength for FM, particularly in the obesity group, where the best R2 was recorded for EFT (R2 = 0.7). Blood SIRT1, adiponectin and leptin behave coherently with FM and there is synchrony between them. The association of SIRT1 with FM is substantially superimposable to that of adiponectin and leptin. Given its homeostatic roles, SIRT1 may deserve to be considered as a plasma clinical/biochemical parameter of adiposity and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-499-70509
| | - Maria Rosaria Di Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Erica Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Rossella Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Savina Contini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lisa Bauleo
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00147 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Fiammetta Cipriani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Raffaella Toscano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Sabrina Basciani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Barbaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Mikiko Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Agostino Valenti
- Internal Medicine, Santo Spirito in Sassia Hospital, 00193 Rome, Italy;
| | - Armando Cotugno
- Department of Mental Health, UOSD eating behavior disorders, Padiglione I, Comprensorio S. Maria della Pietà, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carla Ancona
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00147 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (C.A.)
| | - Carla Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; (M.R.D.G.); (E.R.); (S.C.); (F.C.); (R.T.); (S.B.); (G.B.); (M.W.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
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Anticonvulsant mechanisms of the ketogenic diet and caloric restriction. Epilepsy Res 2020; 168:106499. [PMID: 33190066 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many treatments have been proposed to control epileptic seizures, such as the ketogenic diet and caloric restriction. However, seizure control has not yet been improved completely in all patients. Probably, due to the lack of understanding regarding this neurological disorder pathogenesis or pathophysiology, including its molecular approach. Currently, there is not much information about the molecular processes and genes involved, and their relation to the possible beneficial effects of diet therapy on epilepsy. The ketogenic diet and caloric restriction are implicated in potential anti-seizure mechanisms related to the gut microbiome, metabolic pathways, hormones and neurotransmitters, mitochondria improvement, a role in inflammation, and oxidative stress, among others. In this review, we pretend to describe the molecular mechanism and the possible genes involved in the different ketogenic diet and caloric restriction mechanisms of action described to decrease neural excitability and, therefore, epileptic seizures, especially when conventional treatment is not enough to achieve control of epilepsy.
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Matt K, Hochecker B, Schöller-Mann A, Bergemann J. mRNA expression of ageing-associated genes in calorie reduction is subject to donor variability and can be induced by calorie restriction mimetics. Nutr Health 2020; 26:253-262. [PMID: 32552390 DOI: 10.1177/0260106020932732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding ways to a healthier ageing are increasingly becoming the focus of geriatric research. One way to accomplish this could be calorie restriction, as this is known to positively influence the ageing of model organisms. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of calorie reduction (F. X. Mayr therapy) and of the calorie restriction mimetics resveratrol and spermidine on the expression of ageing-associated genes. METHODS mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 18 participants taking part in an F. X. Mayr therapy was analysed. The PBMCs of one additional participant were treated ex vivo with spermidine or resveratrol. mRNA expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, FOXO3 and SOD2 was determined for these two calorie restriction mimetics. For the F. X. Mayr therapy samples, mRNA of XPA was analysed additionally. RESULTS mRNA expression of the ageing-associated genes showed a distinct donor variation during F. X. Mayr therapy, with a significant increase in mRNA expression of SIRT1. Expression of XPA was similar to SIRT1, with a significant correlation at the last time point tested. Spermidine treatment of PBMCs resulted in a significantly increased expression of all genes tested, whereas resveratrol treatment caused a significant increase of SIRT3, FOXO3 and SOD2 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS By increasing SIRT1 and XPA mRNA expression, calorie reduction in the form of F. X. Mayr therapy could contribute to a healthier ageing; however, the donor variability observed showed that not everyone benefited from this. Calorie restriction mimetics may be an option for promote healthier ageing for those who do not benefit from calorie reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Matt
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Barbara Hochecker
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Alica Schöller-Mann
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Jörg Bergemann
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
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41
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Wang X, Yang J, Lu T, Zhan Z, Wei W, Lyu X, Jiang Y, Xue X. The effect of swimming exercise and diet on the hypothalamic inflammation of ApoE-/- mice based on SIRT1-NF-κB-GnRH expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11085-11099. [PMID: 32518216 PMCID: PMC7346084 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
A high-fat diet and sedentary lifestyle could accelerate aging and hypothalamic inflammation. In order to explore the regulatory mechanisms of lifestyle in the hypothalamus, swimming exercise and diet control were applied in the high-fat diet ApoE-/- mice in our study. 20-week-old ApoE-/- mice fed with 12-week high-fat diet were treated by high-fat diet, diet control and swimming exercise. The results showed that hypothalamic inflammation, glial cells activation and cognition decline were induced by high-fat diet. Compared with the diet control, hypothalamic inflammation, glial cells activation and learning and memory impairment were effectively alleviated by swimming exercise plus diet control, which was related to the increasing expression of SIRT1, inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and raising secretion of GnRH in the hypothalamus. These findings supported the hypothesis that hypothalamic inflammation was susceptible to exercise and diet, which was strongly associated with SIRT1-NF-κB-GnRH expression in the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialei Wang
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350112, China
| | - Jingda Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350112, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350112, China
| | - Zengtu Zhan
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Wei Wei
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xinru Lyu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350112, China
| | - Yijing Jiang
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xiehua Xue
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
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Caribé PMV, Villar CC, Romito GA, Takada JY, Pacanaro AP, Strunz CMC, César LAM, Mansur ADP. Prospective, case-controlled study evaluating serum concentration of sirtuin-1 and mannose-binding lectin in patients with and without periodontal and coronary artery disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320919621. [PMID: 32435441 PMCID: PMC7223200 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320919621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis and periodontal disease (PD) are inflammatory diseases that have been shown in studies to have a direct association. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an immune system protein that binds to periodontal pathogens favoring phagocytosis. Conversely, increased serum sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) concentration reduces the inflammatory process. Methods: This was a prospective, case-controlled study that analyzed serum concentration of biomarkers in patients with or without coronary artery disease (CAD) and PD. A total of 78 patients were evaluated: 20 healthy individuals, 18 patients with CAD, 20 patients with PD, and 20 patients with both PD and CAD. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were analyzed before and after nonsurgical treatment of PD and also at two equivalent times in patients without PD. Serum MBL and SIRT1 concentration were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A negative correlation was observed between changes in serum concentration of MBL and SIRT1 (r = −0.30; p = 0.006). Comparison between pre- and post-treatment of PD showed a reduction in MBL levels (886.27 ± 906.72 versus 689.94 ± 808.36; p = 0.002) and an increase in SIRT1 values (0.80 ± 1.01 versus 1.49 ± 1.55; p = 0.005) in patients with PD and without CAD. The same result was observed in patients with PD and CAD for MBL and SIRT1, respectively, of 1312.43 ± 898.21 versus 1032.90 ± 602.52 (p = 0.010) and 1.32 ± 1.0 versus 1.82 ± 1.75 (p = 0.044). Conclusion: PD treatment reduced MBL serum concentration and increased SIRT1 serum concentration in patients with and without CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guiseppe Alexandre Romito
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlio Yoshio Takada
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pacanaro
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio de Padua Mansur
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas C. Aguiar, 44, CEP, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
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Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Looney J, Thomas J, Harshfield G, Pollock JS, Harris RA. Sirt1 during childhood is associated with microvascular function later in life. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H1371-H1378. [PMID: 32330091 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00024.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction often precedes other age-related macrovascular conditions and predicts future cardiovascular risk. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) has recently emerged as a protein that protects the vasculature and reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We tested the hypothesis that lower Sirt1 during childhood is associated with a reduced microvascular function during adulthood. Thirty-four adults (34 ± 3 yr) from the Augusta Heart Study returned to participate in the present clinical observational study. Sirt1 was assessed in samples collected during both adulthood and participants' childhood (16 ± 3 yr), and data were divided based on childhood Sirt1 concentrations: <3 ng/dL (LowCS; n = 16) and ≥3 ng/dL (HighCS; n = 18). MVF was evaluated in all of the adults using laser-Doppler flowmetry coupled with three vascular reactivity tests: 1) local thermal hyperemia (LTH), 2) post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH), and 3) iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh). The hyperemic response to LTH was significantly (P ≤ 0.044) lower in the LowCS than in the HighCS group. Similarly, the LowCS also exhibited an ameliorated (P ≤ 0.045) response to the PORH test and lower (P ≤ 0.008) vasodilation in response to iontophoresis of ACh when compared with the HighCS. Positive relationships were identified between childhood Sirt1 and all MVF reactivity tests (r≥0.367, P ≤ 0.004). Novel observations suggest that lower Sirt1 during childhood is associated with premature microvascular dysfunction in adulthood. These findings provide evidence that Sirt1 may play a critical role in microvascular function and have therapeutic potential for the prevention of age-associated vascular dysfunction in humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With a longitudinal cohort, novel observations from the present study demonstrate that individuals who had lower Sirt1 early in life exhibit premature microvascular dysfunction during adulthood and may be at higher risk to develop CVD. These results provide experimental evidence that Sirt1 may play an important role in microvascular function with age and represent a potential therapeutic target to prevent premature vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jacob Looney
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jeffrey Thomas
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ryan A Harris
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Sport and Exercise Science Research Institute, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, United Kingdom
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Schöller-Mann A, Matt K, Schniertshauer D, Hochecker B, Bergemann J. 12 days of in vivo caloric reduction can improve important parameters of aging in humans. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 188:111238. [PMID: 32272119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Caloric reduction (CR) is considered as the most reasonable intervention to delay aging and age-related diseases. Numerous studies in various model organisms provide the main basis for this hypothesis. Human studies exist, but they differ widely in study design, characteristics of test persons and study outcome. In this study we investigated CR in humans on a molecular level to gain a better understanding in these processes. For that purpose, we analyzed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy people fasting according to F.X. Mayr. In a previous study our group could show a significantly improved DNA repair capacity after fasting. Here we were able to confirm these findings despite a slightly modified fasting therapy. Furthermore, the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the mRNA levels of the mitochondria-associated genes SIRT3 and NDUFS1 were significantly affected by CR. However, these changes were only detectable in people who exhibited no improvement in DNA repair capacity. In contrast to that we could not observe any changes in ROS levels, mitochondrial DNA copy number and non-mitochondrial respiration. Altogether our results reveal that CR in form of F. X. Mayr therapy is able to positively influence several cellular parameters and especially mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica Schöller-Mann
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany.
| | - Katja Matt
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Daniel Schniertshauer
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Barbara Hochecker
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Jörg Bergemann
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
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Impact of Nutrition on Short-Term Exercise-Induced Sirtuin Regulation: Vegans Differ from Omnivores and Lacto-Ovo Vegetarians. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041004. [PMID: 32260570 PMCID: PMC7230533 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Keywords: sirtuins; vegetarian; vegan; exercise; endurance athletes; metabolic regulation.
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46
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Health Benefits and Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol: A Narrative Review. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030340. [PMID: 32183376 PMCID: PMC7143620 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a bioactive compound in many foods. Since its anticancer activity was reported in 1997, its health benefits have been intensively investigated. Resveratrol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, glucose and lipid regulatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular protective effects, therefore, can protect against diverse chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, liver diseases, obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. This review summarizes the main findings of resveratrol-related health benefits in recent epidemiological surveys, experimental studies, and clinical trials, highlighting its related molecular mechanisms. Resveratrol, therefore, has been regarded as a potent candidate for the development of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals to prevent and treat certain chronic diseases.
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Rafe T, Shawon PA, Salem L, Chowdhury NI, Kabir F, Bin Zahur SM, Akhter R, Noor HB, Mohib MM, Sagor MAT. Preventive Role of Resveratrol Against Inflammatory Cytokines and Related Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1345-1371. [PMID: 30968773 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190410153307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunity is the ultimate barrier between foreign stimuli and a host cell. Unwanted immune responses can threaten the host cells and may eventually damage a vital organ. Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines may also lead to autoimmune diseases. Inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines can eventually progress to renal, cardiac, brain, hepatic, pancreatic and ocular inflammation that can result in severe damage in the long run. Evidence also suggests that inflammation may lead to atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's, hypertension, stroke, cysts and cancers. METHODS This study was designed to correlate the possible molecular mechanisms for inflammatory diseases and prevent biochemical changes owing to inflammatory cytokines by using Resveratrol. Therefore, we searched and accumulated very recent literature on inflammatory disorders and Resveratrol. We scoured PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, PLoS One and Google Scholar to gather papers and related information. RESULTS Reports show that inflammatory diseases are very complex, as multiple cascade systems are involved; therefore, they are quite difficult to cure. However, our literature search also correlates some possible molecular interactions by which inflammation can be prevented. We noticed that Resveratrol is a potent lead component and has multiple activities against harmful inflammatory cytokines and related microRNA. Our study also suggests that the anti-inflammatory properties of Resveratrol have been highly studied on animal models, cell lines and human subjects and proven to be very effective in reducing inflammatory cell production and pro-inflammatory cytokine accumulation. Our tables and figures also demonstrate recent findings and possible preventive activities to minimize inflammatory diseases. CONCLUSION This study would outline the role of harmful inflammatory cytokines as well as how they accelerate pathophysiology and progress to an inflammatory disorder. Therefore, this study might show a potential therapeutic value of using Resveratrol by health professionals in preventing inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzir Rafe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | - Parvez Ahmed Shawon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | - Liyad Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | - Nafij Imtiyaj Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rowshon Akhter
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Humaira Binte Noor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohabbulla Mohib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh.,Research Institute for Medicines (iMed. ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Md Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh
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Caribé PMV, Villar CC, Romito GA, Pacanaro AP, Strunz CMC, Takada JY, Cesar LAM, Mansur ADP. Influence of the treatment of periodontal disease in serum concentration of sirtuin 1 and mannose-binding lectin. J Periodontol 2020; 91:900-905. [PMID: 31749165 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of periodontal pathogens disrupt the homeostasis between the host and its microbiota and increase susceptibility to periodontal diseases. Periodontitis increases the serum concentration of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), which exacerbates local inflammatory processes. In animal studies, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was associated with protection against inflammation. This study analyzed the influence of non-surgical periodontal treatment on serum levels of MBL and SIRT1. METHODS Forty patients with periodontitis and 38 periodontally healthy individuals (aged 45 to 79 years) were included. Periodontitis patients received scaling and root planing using machine driven and hand instruments. Clinical parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, MBL, and SIRT1 levels were measured at baseline and at post-treatment. RESULTS For all patients, an inverse correlation was observed between serum concentrations of MBL and SIRT1 (r = -0.30; P = 0.006). Periodontal treatment reduced serum concentrations of MBL (1,099.35 ± 916.59 to 861.42 ± 724.82 ng/mL; P < 0.001) and C-reactive protein (6.05 ± 8.99 to 2.49 ± 2.89 mg/L; P = 0.009). By contrast, SIRT1 serum levels increased (1.06 ± 1.03 to 1.66 ± 1.64 ng/mL; P < 0.001) following periodontal treatment. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal treatment was associated with decreased serum concentrations of MBL and CRP and increased serum levels of SIRT1. Prospective studies are needed to assess the impact of these biomarkers on pathophysiology of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pérola Michelle Vasconcelos Caribé
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil PhD thesis of the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil PhD thesis of the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil PhD thesis of the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pacanaro
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio Yoshio Takada
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio de Padua Mansur
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Abedimanesh N, Motlagh B, Abedimanesh S, Bathaie SZ, Separham A, Ostadrahimi A. Effects of crocin and saffron aqueous extract on gene expression of SIRT1, AMPK, LOX1, NF-κB, and MCP-1 in patients with coronary artery disease: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1114-1122. [PMID: 31797473 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This trial evaluated the potential impacts of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) and its main carotenoid on some of the atherosclerosis-related gene expression and serum levels of oxidized low-density cholesterol (ox-LDL) and Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Participants of this randomized controlled trial included 84 CAD patients who categorized into three groups: Group 1 received crocin (30 mg/day), Group 2 SAE (30 mg/day), and Group 3 placebo for 8 weeks. Gene expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and MCP-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells assessed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, serum ox-LDL and MCP-1 levels measured at the beginning and end of the intervention. Compared with the placebo group, gene expression of SIRT1 and AMPK increased significantly in the crocin group (p = .001), and the expression of LOX1 and NF-κB decreased significantly (p = .016 and .004, respectively). Serum ox-LDL levels decreased significantly in the crocin group after the intervention (p = .002) while MCP-1 levels decreased both in crocin and SAE groups (p = .001). Crocin may have beneficial effects on CAD patients by increasing the gene expression of SIRT1 and AMPK and decreasing the expression of LOX1 and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Abedimanesh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behrooz Motlagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Abedimanesh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Separham
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Koushki M, Lakzaei M, Khodabandehloo H, Hosseini H, Meshkani R, Panahi G. Therapeutic effect of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Postgrad Med J 2019; 96:197-205. [DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundResveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound mainly found in grapes and red wine. The evidence has suggested that resveratrol has an antioxidant effect. However, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of resveratrol supplementation on markers of oxidative stress.MethodsWe searched PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane library up to December 2018 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing resveratrol supplementation effects on oxidative markers. Heterogeneity, publication bias, risk of bias and subgroup analysis were analysed. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).ResultsMeta-analysis of data from 12 RCTs did not support significant effect of resveratrol supplementation on circulating levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (standardized mean difference (SMD) (1.12), (95% CI −0.91 to 3.1), p=0.28), catalase (CAT) (SMD (−0.07), (95% CI −1.4 to 1.3), p=0.92) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD (−0.76), (95% CI −2.56 to 1.04), p=0.40). Although, resveratrol supplementation increased significantly circulating total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations (SMD (0.52), (95% CI −0.02 to 1.07), p=0.05). Severe heterogeneity was observed between studies, and no obvious publication bias was observed in included RCTs.ConclusionCollectively, our findings of available RCTs did no show any benefit of resveratrol supplementation on SOD, CAT and GPx except for TAC. Well-designed RCTs are necessary to confirm these results.
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