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Di W, Yu J, Zong D, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, He X. Effects of ambient temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity on risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:646-653. [PMID: 38598851 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a unique geographic distribution. It is unknown whether meteorological factors are related to the incidence of NPC. To investigate the effect of ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), and absolute humidity (AH) on the incidence of NPC, we collected the incidence rate of NPC in 2016 and meteorological data from 2006 to 2016 from 484 cities and counties across 31 provinces in China. Generalized additive models with quasi-Poisson regression and generalized linear models with natural cubic splines were employed respectively to elucidate the nonlinear relationships and specify the partial linear relationships. Subgroup and interactive analysis were also conducted. Temperature (R2 = 0.68, p < .001), RH (R2 = 0.47, p < .001), and AH (R2 = 0.70, p < .001) exhibited nonlinear correlations with NPC incidence rate. The risk of NPC incidence increased by 20.3% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: [18.9%, 21.7%]) per 1°C increase in temperature, by 6.3% (95% CI: [5.3%, 7.2%]) per 1% increase in RH, and by 32.2% (95% CI: [30.7%, 33.7%]) per 1 g/m3 increase in AH, between their the 25th and the 99th percentiles. In addition, the combination of low temperature and low RH was also related to increased risk (relative risk: 1.60, 95% CI: [1.18, 2.17]). Males and eastern or rural populations tended to be more vulnerable. In summary, this study suggests that ambient temperature, RH, and particularly AH are associated with the risk of NPC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Di
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhi Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Szczepanik-Scislo N, Grządziel D, Mazur J, Kozak K, Schnotale J. Influence of Human Activity on Radon Concentration, Indoor Air Quality, and Thermal Comfort in Small Office Spaces. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4949. [PMID: 39123996 PMCID: PMC11314634 DOI: 10.3390/s24154949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This article focuses on the influence of occupants on the concentration of contaminants (radon Rn-222 and CO2) as well as the thermal comfort parameters. A series of sensors were placed to measure the concentration of the contaminants, temperature, and relative humidity in the test room at the Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN in Krakow (IFJ PAN), Poland. The test room is an office that is typical of the offices used in the facility. The occupants that used the space kept a detailed diary of their entry, exit, and number of people entering. The results showed that the accumulation of contaminants in such spaces may be severe and risks the health and safety of occupants. The accumulation of CO2 was extremely noticeable and did not diminish to the background level between the re-entry of the occupants to the office. The same was consistent for the radon concentration. The study shows how ventilation methods and small changes in occupant work strategy may influence the contaminant concentration within a test zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Szczepanik-Scislo
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Esplanade des Particules 1, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Grządziel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego152, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (D.G.); (J.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Jadwiga Mazur
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego152, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (D.G.); (J.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Kozak
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego152, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (D.G.); (J.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Jacek Schnotale
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
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Ren Y, Li J, Yang J, Hu L, Xu Z, Fu R, Wu K, Guo M, Hu M, Ran L, Li X, Qiu H, Liao L, Zhang M, Luo Y, Zhou S, Ding F. Meteorological parameters and hospital-acquired falls-A multicenter retrospective study based on 10 years of adverse events reporting system data. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34193. [PMID: 39071631 PMCID: PMC11279767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective and rationale Hospital-acquired falls are common and serious adverse events in medical institutions, with high incidence and injury rates. Studying the occurrence patterns of hospital-acquired falls is important for preventing falls in hospitalized patients. However, the effect of meteorological factors on hospital-acquired falls has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study explored the impact of meteorological parameters on hospital-acquired falls in Chongqing, China, and provided new ideas for the clinical prevention of falls in patients. Methods Correlation analysis and distributed lag nonlinear models were employed to analyze the relationship between 3890 cases of hospital-acquired falls and meteorological data in 13 hospitals in 11 districts and counties in Chongqing from January 2013 to April 2023. Results The number of hospital-acquired falls demonstrated a nonlinear correlation with the daily average relative humidity and negatively correlated with sunshine duration; however, temperature, air pressure, and wind speed were not correlated. Compared to the reference humidity (87 %), the immediate effects of daily average relative humidity (65-68 % and 90-97 %) increased the risk of hospital-acquired falls on the same day (relative risk [RR]:1.027-1.243). When the daily average relative humidity was 95-97 %, lags of 0-1 d and 8-12 d had greater effects on falls (RR:1.073-1.243). The daily average relative humidities of 62-74 % and 91-97 % were statistically significant at cumulative relative risk (CRR)of 4, 7, 10, and 14 d with a cumulative lag (CRR: 1.111-4.277). On sex and age stratification, the lag and cumulative effects of relative humidity more significantly impacted falls in women and patients aged ≥65 years. Conclusion Daily average relative humidity had a nonlinear correlation and lag effect on hospital-acquired falls; therefore, medical institutions should pay attention to the effect of relative humidity on hospital-acquired falls in patients, especially old and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- Nursing Department, Hechuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401533, China
| | - Rongjuan Fu
- Nursing Department, Dianjiang People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 408300, China
| | - Kaihui Wu
- Nursing Department, Nanchuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 408400, China
| | - Min Guo
- Nursing Department, The 13th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400050, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Nursing Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Liu Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Changshou District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401220, China
| | - Xia Li
- Nursing Department, Qijiang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 401420, China
| | - Huicheng Qiu
- Nursing Department, Liangping District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 405200, China
| | - Lianmei Liao
- Nursing Department, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Nursing Department, Banan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 401320, China
| | - Yetao Luo
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
| | - Fu Ding
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Zhao M, Wang K. Short-term effects of PM 2.5 components on the respiratory infectious disease: a global perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:293. [PMID: 38976058 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Although previous research has reached agreement on the significant impact of particulate matter (PM2.5) on respiratory infectious diseases, PM2.5 acts as an aggregation of miscellaneous pollutants and the individual effect of each component has not been examined. Here, we investigate the effects of PM2.5 components, including black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate ion (SO4), dust, and sea salt (SS), on the morbidity and mortality of the recent respiratory disease, i.e. COVID-19. The daily data of 236 countries and provinces/states (e.g., in the United States and China) worldwide during 2020-2022 are utilized. To derive the pollutant-specific causal effects, optimal instrumental variables for each pollutant are selected from a large set of atmospheric variables. We find that one µg/m3 increase in OC increases the number of cases and death by about 3% to 6% from the mean worldwide during a lag of one day up to three days. Our findings remain consistent and robust when we change control variables such as the flight index and weather proxies, and also when applying a sine transformation to the positivity and death rate. When analyzing health effects among different areas, we find stronger impact in China, for its higher local OC concentration, as opposed to the impact in the United States. Health benefits from PM2.5 pollution reduction are comparatively high for developed regions, yet decreases in cases and deaths number are rather overt in less developing regions. Our research provides inspiration and reference for dealing with other respiratory diseases in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyi Zhao
- School of Management, and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Management, and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Energy Economics and Environmental Management, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Laboratory for System Engineering of Carbon Neutrality, Beijing, China.
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Cuza E, Patriarche G, Serre C, Tissot A. New Architecture Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks and Spin Crossover Complexes to Detect Volatile Organic Compounds. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400463. [PMID: 38699868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
We present here the encapsulation of a spin crossover complex C1 [FeII(L)] (L: 4-amino-, 2-(2-pyridinylmethylene)hydrazide) inside MOF-808(Zr), a chemically robust Metal-Organic Framework. The compound C1⊂MOF-808 retains its crystallinity as well as a partial porosity compared to pristine MOF and shows solvatochromism under Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs) sorption associated to a spin state change of the guest complex. More specifically, this compound shows an interesting reversible color change under formaldehyde and formic acid vapor sorption and can therefore be considered as a new kind of optical VOCs chemosensor, opening new doors for developing a broad range of VOCs optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmelyne Cuza
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Christian Serre
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Tissot
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
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Nezis I, Biskos G, Eleftheriadis K, Fetfatzis P, Popovicheva O, Kalantzi OI. Indoor and outdoor air quality in street corner kiosks in a large metropolitan area. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31340. [PMID: 38813153 PMCID: PMC11133902 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor air quality in workplaces constitutes a great concern on human health as a good fraction of our time is spent at work. In Greece, very unique workplaces are the street corner kiosks, which are freestanding boxes placed on sidewalks next to city streets and vehicular traffic, where one can find many consumer goods. As such, its employees are exposed to both outdoor and indoor air pollutants. Very few studies have examined the occupational exposure of kiosk workers to air pollutants, and thus the magnitude of this unique indoor and outdoor exposure remains unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate and compare the levels of indoor and outdoor particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), ultrafine particles (UFPs) and black carbon (BC) in different kiosks located in Athens, Greece, in urban-traffic and urban-background environments. Continuous measurements of the above-mentioned pollutants were carried out on a 24-h basis over 7 consecutive days at three kiosks from September to October 2019. Indoor PM10 concentrations in the urban kiosk ranged from 19.0 to 44.0 μg/m3, PM2.5 values ranged from 14.0 to 33.0 μg/m3, whereas BC concentrations ranged from 1.2 to 7.0 μg/m3 and UFPs from almost 9.5 to 47.0 × 103 pt/cm3. Outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 measurements ranged from 29.0 to 59.0 μg/m3 and from 22.0 to 39.0 μg/m3, respectively. BC outdoor concentrations ranged from 1.1 to 2.2 μg/m3. The mean hazard quotient (HQ) for PM10 (4.9) and PM2.5 (4.7) among all participants was >1. The health risk of exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 was found to be at moderate hazard levels, although in some cases we observed HQ values higher than 10 due to high PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the kiosks. Overall our study indicates that people working at kiosks can be exposed to very high concentrations on particulate pollution depending on a number of factors including the traffic that strongly depends on location and the time of the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Nezis
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, 81100, Greece
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628-CN, the Netherlands
| | | | - Prodromos Fetfatzis
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, 15310, Ag. Paraskevi, Greece
- Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243, Egaleo- Athens, Greece
| | - Olga Popovicheva
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Huanca-Laura L, Aparicio M, Jemio D, Hurtado M, Huanca M, Chuquimia A. Relation between air quality and asthma in high-altitude places, La Paz, Bolivia (3,600 m a.s.l.). BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:217-229. [PMID: 39088529 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction. Asthma is a chronic disease affecting millions of people around the world. Air quality is a major factor in triggering asthma symptoms. Objective. To analyze air quality and asthma in high-altitude residents of La Paz, Bolivia. Materials and methods. In this analytical, descriptive, and retrospective study, we collected data from patients diagnosed with asthma at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax and the Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura. In addition, air quality monitoring of particulate matter was carried out at the stations of the Red de Monitoreo de la Calidad del Aire. Results. Women represented 56.9% of cases at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax and the Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura. In both institutions, the average age was 47 years and patients were overweight or obese. Increases in PM2.5 were recorded in autumn, winter and spring from 2014, 2016 to 2019 and 2015 in all four seasons. PM10 showed increases in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2020 within the established limits. We observed a positive and significant association between PM2,5 concentration and the spirometry parameters of forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and “reversibility percentage” or “bronchodilator response percentage”. The association of PM10 and forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and peak expiratory flow, was also statistically significant. Conclusion. Asthma cases occur on average at 47 years of age in overweight or obese people. We observed a positive association between particles PM2,5 and PM10 with spirometric parameters, stronger with particulate matter PM2,5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Huanca-Laura
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Marilyn Aparicio
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Demetrio Jemio
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mariana Hurtado
- Unidad de Cambio Climático Ambiente y Salud, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mayra Huanca
- Unidad de Nefrología del Hospital de Clínicas, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Alexis Chuquimia
- Unidad de Flujo, Termometría y Electricidad, Instituto Boliviano de Metrología, La Paz, Bolivia
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Neves MM, Klein SG, Silva RC, Bernardes LMM, Malta SM, Vieira TN, Rosa RB, Lima IL, Ferreira FB, Silva MV. Impact of quality and transparency in scientific writing on the reduction of animal usage in experimental protocols: a review based in pertinent literature. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1394113. [PMID: 38872792 PMCID: PMC11169789 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1394113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The irreproducibility in scientific research has become a critical issue. Despite the essential role of rigorous methodology in constructing a scientific article, more than half of publications, on average, are considered non-reproducible. The implications of this irreproducibility extend to reliability problems, hindering progress in technological production and resulting in substantial financial losses. In the context of laboratory animal research, this work emphasizes the importance of choosing an appropriate experimental model within the 3R's principle (Refine, Reduce, Replace). This study specifically addresses a deficiency in data specification in scientific articles, revealing inadequacies in the description of crucial details, such as environmental conditions, diet, and experimental procedures. For this purpose, 124 articles from journals with relevant impact factors were analyzed, conducting a survey of data considered important for the reproducibility of studies. Important flaws in the presentation of data were identified in most of the articles evaluated. The results of this study highlight the need to improve the description of essential information, standardizing studies, and ensuring the reproducibility of experiments in areas such as metabolism, immunity, hormones, stress, among others, to enhance the reliability and reproduction of experimental results, aligning with international guidelines such as ARRIVE and PREPARE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus M. Neves
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sandra G. Klein
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Ray C. Silva
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Serena M. Malta
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Thiago N. Vieira
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rafael B. Rosa
- Rodents Animal Facilities Complex, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Isabela L. Lima
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Flávia B. Ferreira
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Murilo V. Silva
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory - LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Rodents Animal Facilities Complex, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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9
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Li Y, Li J, Hu J, Yu X, Li Z, Cao J. Quantitative evaluation of the impact of indoor relative humidity on deposition of aerosols generated during tooth grinding in a real-world clinical setting. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:292. [PMID: 38693418 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to aerosol particles generated from tooth grinding has a negative impact on the health of dental personnel. The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the impact of indoor relative humidity (IRH) on the deposition of these suspended particles in a well-controlled dental environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a humidity control system was employed to effectively regulate and maintain indoor relative humidity (IRH). A novel computer-assisted numerical control system was developed to pre-treat the molar specimens, and accurately simulate clinical tooth grinding procedures. Each procedure was performed in triplicate, with an online real-time particle counter (ORPC; TR-8301, TongrenCo.) measuring aerosol production. All testing devices were controlled remotely. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis/ Dunn's post hoc test with Bonferroni correction, p < 0.05). RESULTS The findings showed that with increasing IRH, the maximum peak concentration of aerosol particles decreased by 397% from 6.51 × 107 particles/m3 at 30% to 1.64 × 107 particles/m3 at 80%. The Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated a statistically significant effect of IRH on the aerosol increment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increasing the IRH level can effectively promote the deposition of aerosol particles, with a return to baseline within 15 min after reaching 60% or above. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study suggested that maintaining IRH above 70% during the cleaning process, allowing natural recovery to ambient humidity levels within 15 min after cleaning, and taking basic precautions, may lead to an adequate reduction in the possible health risks of aerosol contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Equipment Manufacturing Polytechnic, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiachun Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jichao Cao
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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Abusharha A, Pearce EI, Alsaqar A, Fagehi R, Afsar T, Razak S. Efficacy of hydroxypropyl-guar drops in improving tear film index and ocular surface dynamics using two treatment methods under a controlled desiccating environment. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:175. [PMID: 38615085 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the efficacy of hp-guar eye drops on tear film index and ocular surface dynamics under desiccating conditions using protection and relief treatment modalities. METHODOLOGY The 12 normal, non-dry eye participants were subjected to adverse environmental conditions using a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) where the relative humidity (RH) was 5% and the ambient temperature was 21 °C. The participants were screened for ocular symptoms, tear osmolarity, ocular surface temperature (OST), tear production using the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire (OSDI), OcuSense TearLab Osmometer, FLIR System ThermaCAM P620, and Schirmer strips. Tear production was calculated by the Tear Function Index test (TFI). RESULTS The mean tear film osmolarity decreased significantly from 296 mOsm/L at 40% RH to 285 mOsm/L at 5% RH (p = 0.01). Conflicting responses were seen for osmolarity in protection and relief. Mean tear osmolarity was significantly higher in the protection method in comparison to the relief method (p = 0.005). The mean TFI increased from 557 at 40% to 854 at 5% (p = 0.02). A significant increase in TFI was observed in the relief method in comparison with both 40% (p = 0.001) and 5% (p = 0.04). In the relief method, the mean TFI score went up to 1139 when hp-guar was installed. A significant improvement in ocular comfort was experienced in both the protection (p = 0.041) and relief (p = 0.010) methods at 5% RH. The instillation of hp-guar drops in the relief method resulted in a significant reduction in OST. The mean OST dropped to 33.01 ºC, significantly lower than the recorded OST for both normal (p = 0.040) and dry (p = 0.014) environmental conditions. CONCLUSION Hp-guar drops significantly improve tear film parameters under a desiccating environment, however, tear film parameters respond differently to the management modalities. In the protection method, tear film osmolarity was protected against a dry environment, while in the relief mode, an improvement in tear production and a decrease in ocular surface temperature were seen. Hp-guar performance could be maximized for the management of exposure to adverse environments by using a treatment protocol that targets the most affected parameters in each group of patients. Using CEC has the potential to provide researchers with a readily available method to evaluate the efficiency of tear supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abusharha
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E Ian Pearce
- Department of Vision Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddence Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Ali Alsaqar
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raied Fagehi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Luo Y, Yin Z, Zhang J, Wang W, Huang Y, Li X, Chen H, Lu F, Bao J. Differential Impact of 0.01% and 0.05% Atropine Eyedrops on Ocular Surface in Young Adults. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:22. [PMID: 38625083 PMCID: PMC11033597 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effect of low-concentration (0.01% and 0.05%) atropine eyedrops on ocular surface characteristics in young adults. Methods Twenty-six myopic students aged 18 to 30 years were randomly assigned to receive either 0.01% or 0.05% atropine once nightly for 14 days, followed by cessation, with a ≥14-day interval between each administration. Assessments were conducted one, two, seven, and 14 days after using atropine with corresponding timepoints after atropine cessation. Tear meniscus height and first and average noninvasive keratograph tear film breakup time (NIKBUT-first, NIKBUT-average) were measured using Keratograph 5M, whereas the objective scatter index (OSI) was measured by OQAS II devices; the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score was also obtained. Results The mean OSI peaked after two days of administration of 0.05% atropine (β = 0.51, P = 0.001), accompanied by significant decreases in NIKBUT-first (β = -7.73, P < 0.001) and NIKBUT-average (β = -8.10, P < 0.001); the OSDI peaked after 14 days (β = 15.41, P < 0.001). The above parameters returned to baseline one week after atropine discontinuation (all P > 0.05). NIKBUT-first and NIKBUT-average reached their lowest points after 14 days of 0.01% atropine administration (NIKBUT-first: β = -4.46, P = 0.005; NIKBUT-average: β = -4.42, P = 0.001), but those significant changes were diminished once atropine treatment stopped. Conclusions Young adult myopes experienced a significant but temporary impact on the ocular surface with 0.05% atropine administration, whereas 0.01% atropine had a minimal effect. Translational Relevance The investigation of the ocular surface effects of different concentrations of atropine may inform evidence-based clinical decisions regarding myopia control in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziang Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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12
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Haas M, Lucic M, Pichler F, Brkic FF, Parzefall T, Riss D, Liu DT. Presentation Rates for Acute Pharyngitis in the Emergency Room Are Influenced by Extreme Weather Events. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:795-803. [PMID: 37943865 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extreme weather events are becoming more prevalent with the increasing pace of climate change. These events negatively impact human health and put considerable strain on health care resources, including emergency departments. Within otolaryngology, acute pharyngitis is a common reason for emergency room visits (ERV). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of extreme meteorological conditions on ERV rates related to acute pharyngitis. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective time-series study. SETTING ERVs related to acute pharyngitis (n = 1511) were identified at a tertiary care hospital in Vienna, Austria, between 2015 and 2018. METHODS The effects of single-day and prolonged (3-day) extreme weather events on ERVs were analyzed using a distributed lag nonlinear model. Relative risk (RR) and cumulative relative risk (cRR) were calculated over a lag period of 14 days. RR refers to the risk for pharyngitis-related ERV at extreme conditions (1st, 5th, 95th, or 99th percentile) compared to the risk at median conditions. RESULTS Same-day RR (lag0) was elevated more than 3-fold after prolonged extremely low mean temperatures (P = .028). Furthermore, same-day RR after single-day and prolonged extremely high relative humidity was elevated by 51% (P = .024) and 46% (P = .036), respectively. Significant delayed effects on cRR were observed for extreme mean temperatures, relative humidity, and mean wind speeds within 8 days and for extreme atmospheric pressure within 14 days. CONCLUSION Extreme weather events impact ERV rates for acute pharyngitis. Extremely low temperatures, high relative humidity, high atmospheric pressure, and low and high wind speeds were risk-promoting factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Haas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mateo Lucic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Pichler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Faris F Brkic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Parzefall
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Riss
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David T Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Wolkoff P. Indoor air humidity revisited: Impact on acute symptoms, work productivity, and risk of influenza and COVID-19 infection. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114313. [PMID: 38154254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological and experimental findings reconfirm that low indoor air humidity (dry air) increases the prevalence of acute eye and airway symptoms in offices, result in lower mucociliary clearance in the airways, less efficient immune defense, and deteriorate the work productivity. New epidemiological and experimental research also support that the environmental conditions for the risk of infection of influenza and COVID-19 virus is lowest in the Goldilocks zone of 40-60% relative humidity (RH) by decrease of the airways' susceptibility, which can be elevated by particle exposure. Furthermore, low RH increases the generation of infectious virus laden aerosols exhaled from infected people. In general, elevation of the indoor air humidity from dry air increases the health of the airways concomitantly with lower viability of infectious virus. Thus, the negative effects of ventilation with dry outdoor air (low absolute air humidity) should be assessed according to 1) weakened health and functionality of the airways, 2) increased viability and possible increased transmissibility of infectious virus, and 3) evaporation of virus containing droplets to dry out to droplet nuclei (also possible at high room temperature), which increases their floating time in the indoor air. The removal of acid-containing ambient aerosols from the indoor air by filtration increases pH, viability of infectious viruses, and the risk of infection, which synergistically may further increase by particle exposure. Thus, the dilution of indoor air pollutants and virus aerosols by dry outdoor air ventilation should be assessed and compared with the beneficial health effects by control of the center zone of 40-60% RH, an essential factor for optimal functionality of the airways, and with the additional positive impact on acute symptoms, work productivity, and reduced risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder Wolkoff
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark.
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14
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Lu Y, Duan M, Li Y, Zhang S, Hu X, Liu L. Altitude-associated trends in bacterial communities in ultrahigh-altitude residences. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108503. [PMID: 38377724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor bacterial communities may change with altitude because their major contributors, outdoor bacterial communities, vary with altitude. People's health effects from bacteria inhalation exposure can also vary with altitude because human respiratory physiology changes with oxygen content in air. Accordingly, adjusting indoor bacterial communities may help to acclimate newcomers from low-altitude environments to ultrahigh-altitude environments. To lay the groundwork for further research, we aimed to first elucidate the bacterial communities in ultrahigh-altitude residences and the effects of altitude on these communities. We collected 187 environmental samples from residential communities at ultrahigh altitudes of 3811-4651 m in Ngari, China and sequenced bacterial 16S rRNA genes. RESULTS On one hand, when abundant genera in ultrahigh-altitude residences and those reported by previous studies on low-altitude residences were compared, nine genera were shared, whereas other five genera were abundant only at ultrahigh altitudes. On the other hand, when the bacterial communities of residences at different ultrahigh altitudes were further compared, the bacterial composition in indoor surface samples varied significantly with altitude. The relative abundance of five bacterial genera in indoor air samples and 10 genera and three phyla in indoor surface samples varied monotonically with altitude. CONCLUSIONS Altitude may be a long-neglected factor that shapes residential bacterial communities and thus warrants attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Lu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengjie Duan
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Li Z, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wu J. Single-layer graphene based resistive humidity sensor enhanced by graphene quantum dots. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:185503. [PMID: 38358678 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad22ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Graphene is broadly applied as sensitive sensing material results from its superb features. Concurrently, as a derivative of graphene with 0D structure, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) offer more possibilities as a supportive sensing material due to its adjustable size and functional group modification. In this work, GQDs are introduced to single-layer graphene (SLG) based humidity sensor to enhance the sensing performance. Specifically, consistent resistance response to relative humidity (RH) is extended from the range of 10%-60% to 10%-90% by contrary to original SLG based sensor. Parallelly, effect of the amount of GQDs is investigated by means of multiple GQDs deposition. As the resultant higher binding efficiency between water molecules and the functional groups of GQDs, improved response rate is observed. For the case of 4-time deposition of GQDs, the response rate (ΔR/R) reaches ∼130% in RH range of 10%-90%. Besides, the response time and recovery time are ∼0.7 s and ∼1.1 s, respectively. The fluctuation of the resistance change of the sensor under constant humidity is less than 5% over a month which demonstrates long-term reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Li
- School of Measurement and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Cheng
- School of Measurement and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Measurement and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekun Zhang
- School of Measurement and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhan Wu
- School of Measurement and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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16
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Kim SJ, Lee J, Bae JS, Lee JW. The Impact of ZIF-8 Particle Size Control on Low-Humidity Sensor Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:284. [PMID: 38334555 PMCID: PMC10857053 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
An accurate humidity measurement is essential in various industries, including product stability, pharmaceutical and food preservation, environmental control, and precise humidity management in experiments and industrial processes. Crafting effective humidity sensors through precise material selection is crucial for detecting minute humidity levels across various fields, ultimately enhancing productivity and maintaining product quality. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), exhibit remarkable properties and offer a wide range of applications in catalysis, sensing, and gas storage due to their structural stability, which resembles zeolites. The previous research on MOF-based humidity sensors have primarily used electrical resistance-based methods. Recently, however, interest has shifted to capacitive-based sensors using MOFs due to the need for humidity sensors at low humidity and the resulting high sensitivity. Nevertheless, further studies are required to optimize particle structure and size. This study analyzes ZIF-8, a stable MOF synthesized in varying particle sizes, to evaluate its performance as a humidity sensor. The structural, chemical, and sensing properties of synthesized ZIF-8 particles ranging from 50 to 200 nanometers were examined through electron microscopy, spectroscopic, and electrochemical analyses. The fabricated copper electrodes combined with these particles demonstrated stable and linear humidity sensing capabilities within the range of 3% to 30% relative humidity (RH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Kim
- Institute of Materials Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Seong Bae
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46742, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
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17
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Gong W, Chen X, Wahiduzzaman M, Xie H, Kirlikovali KO, Dong J, Maurin G, Farha OK, Cui Y. Chiral Reticular Chemistry: A Tailored Approach Crafting Highly Porous and Hydrolytically Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks for Intelligent Humidity Control. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2141-2150. [PMID: 38191288 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Control of humidity within confined spaces is critical for maintaining air quality and human well-being, with implications for environments ranging from international space stations and pharmacies to granaries and cultural relic preservation sites. However, existing techniques rely on energy-intensive electrically driven equipment or complex temperature and humidity control (THC) systems, resulting in imprecision and inconvenience. The development of innovative techniques and materials capable of simultaneously meeting the stringent requirements of practical applications holds the key to creating intelligent and energy-efficient humidity control devices. In this study, we introduce chiral reticular chemistry as a tailored synthetic approach, targeting a highly porous hea topological framework characterized by intrinsic interpenetrating pore architecture. This groundbreaking design successfully circumvents the traditional compromise between the pore volume and hydrolytic stability. Our metal-organic framework (MOF) exhibits an extraordinary working capacity, setting a new record at 1.35 g g-1 within the relative humidity (RH) range of 40-60%, without exhibiting hysteresis. Consequently, it emerges as a state-of-the-art candidate for intelligent humidity regulation within confined spaces. Utilizing single-crystal X-ray measurements and molecular simulations, we unequivocally elucidate the mechanism of water clustering and pore filling, underscoring the pivotal role of the linker functionality in governing the water seeding process. Our findings represent a significant advancement in the field, paving the way for the development of highly efficient humidity control technologies and offering promising solutions for diverse real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinfa Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Haomiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kent O Kirlikovali
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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18
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Xiong J, Luo R, Jia Z, Ge S, Lam SS, Xie L, Chai X, Zhang L, Du G, Wang S, Xu K. Electrospun microcrystalline cellulose/chitosan porous composite nanofibrous membranes modified by non-thermal plasma for gaseous formaldehyde adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128399. [PMID: 38007014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
To develop a green and facile adsorbent for removing indoor polluted formaldehyde (HCHO) gas, the biomass porous nanofibrous membranes (BPNMs) derived from microcrystalline cellulose/chitosan were fabricated by electrospinning. The enhanced chemical adsorption sites with diverse oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N)-containing functional groups were introduced on the surface of BPNMs by non-thermal plasma modification under carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) atmospheres. The average nanofiber diameters of nanofibrous membranes and their nanomechanical elastic modulus and hardness values decreased from 341 nm to 175-317 nm and from 2.00 GPa and 0.25 GPa to 1.70 GPa and 0.21 GPa, respectively, after plasma activation. The plasma-activated nanofibers showed superior hydrophilicity (WCA = 0°) and higher crystallinity than that of the control. The optimal HCHO adsorption capacity (134.16 mg g-1) of BPNMs was achieved under a N2 atmosphere at a plasma power of 30 W and for 3 min, which was 62.42 % higher compared with the control. Pyrrolic N, pyridinic N, CO and O-C=O were the most significant O and N-containing functional groups for the improved chemical adsorption of the BPNMs. The adsorption mechanism involved a synergistic combination of physical and chemical adsorption. This study provides a novel strategy that combines clean plasma activation with electrospinning to efficiently remove gaseous HCHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Xiong
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Ronggang Luo
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Jia
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Shengbo Ge
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), University of Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Linkun Xie
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Xijuan Chai
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Guanben Du
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Siqun Wang
- Center for Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Kaimeng Xu
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China.
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Tattari N, Forss M, Laukkanen AM, Rantala L. The Efficacy of the NHS Waterpipe in Superficial Hydration for People With Healthy Voices: Effects on Acoustic Voice Quality, Phonation Threshold Pressure and Subjective Sensations. J Voice 2024; 38:244.e29-244.e42. [PMID: 34702612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the efficacy of the NHS waterpipe as a superficial hydration treatment in voice production in healthy young women. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective, single-blind, within- and between-subject experimental design. METHODS Thirty six female university students (mean age 24.6 years, range 19-45 years) were recruited to the study. Participants were randomized to two experimental groups (E1 and E2) and a control group. E1 underwent hydration treatment with the NHS waterpipe filled with 0.9% saline that was immersed in a cup of heated water. E2 underwent a similar treatment but without heated immersion. The control group received no treatment. Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI v03.01) and its subparameters, phonation threshold pressure, self-perceived phonatory effort and sensation of throat dryness was measured at three time points (before the intervention and immediately and 15 minutes after it). RESULTS The Tilt of the AVQI's subparameters increased significantly in the E1 (P = 0.027) and E2 groups (P = 0.027) after the intervention. Furthermore, the E1 group had significantly lower harmonics-to-noise-ratio values at the third measurement point compared to the E2 group (P = 0.023). These findings may result from fluid transported to the vocal fold level. The sensations of throat dryness decreased in the E1 (P = 0.001) and E2 groups (P < 0.0005) after the intervention. Perceived phonatory effort decreased statistically significantly at the final measurement point in the E1 (P = 0.002) and E2 (P = 0.031) groups. No variables changed in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The waterpipe seems to be efficient in hydrating vocal folds on single use. It seems to be more efficient when employed with a hot water bath, albeit slightly impairing some acoustic values in the short term. Without the heated fluid, it still seems to decrease sensations of throat dryness and affect acoustic voice quality. The waterpipe does not seem to have an effect on phonation threshold pressure, and it seems to lower self-perceived effort just as efficiently whether the waterpipe is employed using a hot water bath or not. Further research is needed to prove the efficacy of long-term usage and usage with voice patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Tattari
- Master Program of Logopedics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Milja Forss
- Master Program of Logopedics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne-Maria Laukkanen
- Speech and Voice Research Laboratory, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leena Rantala
- Degree Programme in Logopedics, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Recum P, Hirsch T. Graphene-based chemiresistive gas sensors. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:11-31. [PMID: 38125587 PMCID: PMC10729924 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00423f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors allow the monitoring of the chemical environment of humans, which is often crucial for their wellbeing or even survival. Miniaturization, reversibility, and selectivity are some of the key challenges for serial use of chemical sensors. This tutorial review describes critical aspects when using nanomaterials as sensing substrates for the application in chemiresistive gas sensors. Graphene has been shown to be a promising candidate, as it allows gas sensors to be operated at room temperature, possibly saving large amounts of energy. In this review, an overview is given on the general mechanisms for gas-sensitive semiconducting materials and the implications of doping and functionalization on the sensing parameters of chemiresistive devices. It shows in detail how different challenges, like sensitivity, response time, reversibility and selectivity have been approached by material development and operation modes. In addition, perspectives from the area of data analysis and intelligent algorithms are presented, which can further enhance these sensors' usability in the field.
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21
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Yuan G, Yuan H, Zhao Y, Liang Z. Characterization of organic release kinetics in particleboard using a dual model fitting methodology. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33446-33452. [PMID: 38025873 PMCID: PMC10644902 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03587e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern society, people spend most of their time indoors engaging in their work and home life. However, indoor air pollution is a potential risk to health, and it is associated with many diseases. Wooden furniture, as the most popular indoor furniture used in modern times, is a major source of indoor air pollution, so it has become imperative to explore the composition and release kinetics characteristics of toxic and hazardous substances from wood-based panels. In this study, thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) was used to detect the release of organic compounds from wood panels, and determine the release kinetics of the organic compounds dimethyl acetal, phenol, toluene and decanoic acid via bi-exponential and mass transfer models to provide a theoretical basis for targeted pollution prevention and control. In this project, a climate chamber method was used to conduct a 120 h continuous sampling of the release concentration of compounds from wood panels. The TD-GC-MS method was used to analyze the sampling tubes, and the concentration-time data were fitted to the bi-exponential and mass transfer models. The emission factor equation was obtained from the bi-exponential model. The critical physical parameters, such as the initial internal release concentration C0, internal diffusion rate Dm, and solid-phase/gas-phase partition coefficient K, were obtained from the mass transfer model. Finally, it was found that dimethyl acetal and toluene were easily and rapidly released into the air, while phenol and decanoic acid were slowly released into the ambient air. The two sets of release kinetics characteristics provide an essential theoretical basis for targeted pollution prevention and control, as well as a methodological path for studying the release kinetics of different toxic and hazardous substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Yuan
- National Center of Inspection & Testing on Building Materials Products Quality (Nanjing), Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection (Nanjing Institute of Quality Development and Advanced Technology Application) Nanjing 211102 China
| | - Huiwen Yuan
- National Center of Inspection & Testing on Building Materials Products Quality (Nanjing), Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection (Nanjing Institute of Quality Development and Advanced Technology Application) Nanjing 211102 China
| | - Yingfeng Zhao
- National Center of Inspection & Testing on Building Materials Products Quality (Nanjing), Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection (Nanjing Institute of Quality Development and Advanced Technology Application) Nanjing 211102 China
| | - Zhi Liang
- National Center of Inspection & Testing on Building Materials Products Quality (Nanjing), Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection (Nanjing Institute of Quality Development and Advanced Technology Application) Nanjing 211102 China
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22
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Hanna F, Alameddine I, Zaraket H, Alkalamouni H, El-Fadel M. Airborne influenza virus shedding by patients in health care units: Removal mechanisms affecting virus transmission. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290124. [PMID: 37878553 PMCID: PMC10599543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the distribution of airborne viruses (influenza A/B) in hospital rooms of patients with confirmed infections. Concurrently, we monitored fine particulate matter (PM2.5 & PM10) and several physical parameters including the room air exchange rate, temperature, and relative humidity to identify corresponding correlations with virus transport and removal determinants. The results continue to raise concerns about indoor air quality (IAQ) in healthcare facilities and the potential exposure of patients, staff and visitors to aerosolized viruses as well as elevated indoor PM levels caused by outdoor sources and/or re-suspension of settled particles by indoor activities. The influenza A virus was detected in 42% of 33 monitored rooms, with viruses detectible up to 1.5 m away from the infected patient. Active coughing was a statistically significant variable that contributed to a higher positive rate of virus detection in the collected air samples. Viral load across patient rooms ranged between 222 and 5,760 copies/m3, with a mean of 820 copies/m3. Measured PM2.5 and PM10 levels exceeded IAQ daily exposure guidelines in most monitored rooms. Statistical and numerical analyses showed that dispersion was the dominant viral removal pathway followed by settling. Changes in the relative humidity and the room's temperature were had a significant impact on the viral load removal. In closure, we highlight the need for an integrated approach to control determinants of IAQ in patients' rooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Hanna
- Department of Civil Infrastructure & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Alameddine
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Zaraket
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Habib Alkalamouni
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mutasem El-Fadel
- Department of Civil Infrastructure & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
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Long H, Luo J, Zhang Y, Li S, Xie S, Ma H, Zhang H. Revealing Long-Term Indoor Air Quality Prediction: An Intelligent Informer-Based Approach. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8003. [PMID: 37766057 PMCID: PMC10537139 DOI: 10.3390/s23188003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Indoor air pollution is an urgent issue, posing a significant threat to the health of indoor workers and residents. Individuals engaged in indoor occupations typically spend an average of around 21 h per day in enclosed spaces, while residents spend approximately 13 h indoors on average. Accurately predicting indoor air quality is crucial for the well-being of indoor workers and frequent home dwellers. Despite the development of numerous methods for indoor air quality prediction, the task remains challenging, especially under constraints of limited air quality data collection points. To address this issue, we propose a neural network capable of capturing time dependencies and correlations among data indicators, which integrates the informer model with a data-correlation feature extractor based on MLP. In the experiments of this study, we employ the Informer model to predict indoor air quality in an industrial park in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. The model utilizes indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, and outdoor particulate matter (PM) values to forecast future indoor particle levels. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the Informer model over other methods for both long-term and short-term indoor air quality predictions. The model we propose holds significant implications for safeguarding personal health and well-being, as well as advancing indoor air quality management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Long
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
- Broad Air-Conditioning Co., Ltd., Postdoctoral Workstation, Changsha 410138, China
| | - Jueling Luo
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yalu Zhang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Shijie Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Si Xie
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haodong Ma
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haonan Zhang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Changsha Normal University, Changsha 410199, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (H.M.); (H.Z.)
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24
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Dong J, Goodman N, Rajagopalan P. A Review of Artificial Neural Network Models Applied to Predict Indoor Air Quality in Schools. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6441. [PMID: 37568983 PMCID: PMC10419013 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools can affect the performance and health of occupants, especially young children. Increased public attention on IAQ during the COVID-19 pandemic and bushfires have boosted the development and application of data-driven models, such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) that can be used to predict levels of pollutants and indoor exposures. METHODS This review summarises the types and sources of indoor air pollutants (IAP) and the indicators of IAQ. This is followed by a systematic evaluation of ANNs as predictive models of IAQ in schools, including predictive neural network algorithms and modelling processes. The methods for article selection and inclusion followed a systematic, four-step process: identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. RESULTS After screening and selection, nine predictive papers were included in this review. Traditional ANNs were used most frequently, while recurrent neural networks (RNNs) models analysed time-series issues such as IAQ better. Meanwhile, current prediction research mainly focused on using indoor PM2.5 and CO2 concentrations as output variables in schools and did not cover common air pollutants. Although studies have highlighted the impact of school building parameters and occupancy parameters on IAQ, it is difficult to incorporate them in predictive models. CONCLUSIONS This review presents the current state of IAQ predictive models and identifies the limitations and future research directions for schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jierui Dong
- Sustainable Building Innovation Lab., School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.G.); (P.R.)
- HEAL National Research Network, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nigel Goodman
- Sustainable Building Innovation Lab., School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.G.); (P.R.)
- HEAL National Research Network, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Priyadarsini Rajagopalan
- Sustainable Building Innovation Lab., School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.G.); (P.R.)
- HEAL National Research Network, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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25
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Sheeran L, Rasmussen A. Aerial roots elevate indoor plant health: Physiological and morphological responses of three high-humidity adapted Araceae species to indoor humidity levels. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1873-1884. [PMID: 36786325 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a global increase in urban greenspace appreciation. Indoor plants are equally important for improving mental health and air quality but despite evolving in humid (sub)tropical environments with aerial root types, planting systems ignore aerial resource supply. This study directly compared nutrient uptake preferences of aerial and soil-formed roots of three common houseplant species under high and ambient relative humidities. Growth and physiology parameters were measured weekly for Anthurium andreanum, Epipremnum aureum and Philodendron scandens grown in custom made growth chambers. Both aerial and soil-formed roots were then fed mixtures of nitrate, ammonium and glycine, with one source labelled with 15 N to determine uptake rates and maximum capacities. Aerial roots were consistently better at nitrogen uptake than soil roots but no species, root type or humidity condition showed a preference for a particular nitrogen source. All three species grew more in high humidity, with aerial roots demonstrating the greatest biomass increase. Higher humidities for indoor niches, together with fertiliser applications to aerial roots will support indoor plant growth, creating lush calming indoor environments for people inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sheeran
- Division of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Amanda Rasmussen
- Division of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
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26
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Chen Y, Shen J, Wang W, Lin L, Lv R, Zhang S, Ma J. Demethylation of lignin with mild conditions and preparation of green adhesives to reduce formaldehyde emissions and health risks. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124462. [PMID: 37100322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Demethylated lignin (DL) was prepared in a NaOH/urea solution at room temperature, and the DL solution was directly substituted for phenol to prepare demethylated lignin phenol formaldehyde (DLPF). The 1H NMR results showed that the benzene ring's -OCH3 content dropped from 0.32 mmol/g to 0.18 mmol/g, whereas the functional group content of the phenolic hydroxyl group increased by 176.67 %, increasing the reactivity of DL. The bonding strength of 1.24 MPa and formaldehyde emission of 0.059 mg/m3 met the Chinese national standard with a 60 % replacement of DL with phenol. The volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of DLPF and PF were simulated, with 25 types of VOCs were found in PF plywood and 14 types found in DLPF plywood. Terpene and aldehyde emissions from DLPF plywood rose, but total VOC emissions were 28.48 % less than those from PF. For carcinogenic risks (CR), both PF and DLPF showed ethylbenzene and naphthalene as carcinogenic VOCs, whereas DLPF had a lower total CR of 6.50 × 10-5. Both plywood had a noncarcinogenic risks of <1, which was within the permissible range to harm humans. In this study, the mild modification conditions of DL benefit its large-scale production, and DLPF effectively reduces the VOCs released from plywood in indoor environments, diminishing the health risks to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Weidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ruixue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Junhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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27
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De Capua C, Fulco G, Lugarà M, Ruffa F. An Improvement Strategy for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Systems. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3999. [PMID: 37112335 PMCID: PMC10145386 DOI: 10.3390/s23083999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Air quality has a huge impact on the comfort and healthiness of various environments. According to the World Health Organization, people who are exposed to chemical, biological and/or physical agents in buildings with low air quality and poor ventilation are more prone to be affected by psycho-physical discomfort, respiratory tract and central nervous system diseases. Moreover, in recent years, the time spent indoors has increased by around 90%. If we consider that respiratory diseases are mainly transmitted from human to human through close contact, airborne respiratory droplets and contaminated surfaces, and that there is a strict relationship between air pollution and the spread of the diseases, it becomes even more necessary to monitor and control these environmental conditions. This situation has inevitably led us to consider renovating buildings with the aim of improving both the well-being of the occupants (safety, ventilation, heating) and the energy efficiency, including monitoring the internal comfort using sensors and the IoT. These two objectives often require opposite approaches and strategies. This paper aims to investigate indoor monitoring systems to increase the quality of life of occupants, proposing an innovative approach consisting of the definition of new indices that consider both the concentration of the pollutants and the exposure time. Furthermore, the reliability of the proposed method was enforced using proper decision-making algorithms, which allows one to consider measurement uncertainty during decisions. Such an approach allows for greater control over the potentially harmful conditions and to find a good trade-off between well-being and the energy efficiency objectives.
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28
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Saidin H, Razak AA, Mohamad MF, Ul-Saufie AZ, Zaki SA, Othman N. Hazard Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality in Bank Offices. BUILDINGS 2023; 13:798. [DOI: 10.3390/buildings13030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
IAQ is a crucial factor affecting the health, comfort, and productivity of workers, particularly those working in enclosed spaces like bank offices. This study aimed to evaluate the IAQ of a bank office’s operational area and vault by analyzing concentrations of CO2, TVOC, PM10, and PM2.5, as well as temperature, relative humidity, and air movement. Two different ventilation systems were compared to assess their impact on IAQ. The acquired data were statistically analyzed using mean comparison t-tests and hazard ratio analysis. The results revealed that indoor concentrations of PM2.5 and CO2 significantly contribute to the total hazard ratio, indicating the need to reduce their levels below reference values. The study also found that the ventilation system significantly affects indoor air quality, and concentrations of TVOC, CO2, PM10, and PM2.5 in the air are considerable. Significantly, the study found that bank offices with split unit air-conditioners had the highest mean CO2 levels, indicating poor ventilation. Overall, the study reveals that the building, activities, and ventilation in bank offices have a profound influence on IAQ parameters, primarily PM2.5 and CO2. Further research is required to formulate strategies for enhancing IAQ in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidi Saidin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia, Presint 1, Putrajaya 62000, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Azli Abd Razak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faizal Mohamad
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zia Ul-Saufie
- School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Information and Media, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheikh Ahmad Zaki
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor’azizi Othman
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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29
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Magnavita N. Workplace Health Promotion Embedded in Medical Surveillance: The Italian Way to Total Worker Health Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3659. [PMID: 36834352 PMCID: PMC9968016 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In 2011, NIOSH launched the Total Worker Health (TWH) strategy based on integrating prevention and health promotion in the workplace. For several years now, in Italy, this integration has led to the creation of workplace health promotion embedded in medical surveillance (WHPEMS). WHPEMS projects, which are also implemented in small companies, focus each year on a new topic that emerges from the needs of workers. During their regular medical check-up in the workplace, workers are invited to fill in a questionnaire regarding the project topic, its outcome, and some related factors. Workers receive advice on how to improve their lifestyles and are referred to the National Health Service for any necessary tests or treatments. Results collected over the past 12 years from more than 20,000 participants demonstrate that WHPEMS projects are economical, sustainable, and effective. The creation of a network of occupational physicians who are involved in WHPEMS projects could help to improve the work culture, health, and safety of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Magnavita
- Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-347-330-0367
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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30
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Anake WU, Nnamani EA. Indoor air quality in day-care centres: a global review. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2023; 16:997-1022. [PMID: 36819788 PMCID: PMC9930043 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-023-01320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A healthy indoor environment is critical for children due to the severe effect of poor indoor air quality (IAQ) on their overall well-being. Day-care centres (DCCs) are important indoor microenvironments for children apart from their homes. Therefore, monitoring IAQ in this microenvironment is vital because of the vulnerability of the occupants. This review gives a global overview of the predominant indoor chemical pollutant levels monitored in DCCs, compares their concentration with available regulations for IAQ, evaluates the sources and health risk effects of chemical pollutants and proposes strategies for enhancing IAQ in DCCs. Thirty-seven (37) articles were used based on specific stated inclusion and exclusion criteria. Continents like Europe and Asia have the most published studies in indoor DCCs. The decreasing trend of pollutants examined in most studies include particulate matter > carbon dioxide > formaldehyde > carbon monoxide > total volatile organic compounds > volatile organic compounds > nitrogen dioxide > ozone > benzene > sulphur dioxide = radon. Particulate matter in the size and mass concentration range of PM10 (0.116-1920.71 μg/m3) > PM2.5 (0.279.2-260.74 μg/m3) was the most investigated pollutant. While nitrogen dioxide, radon and carbon monoxide were consistent with the existing national and international reference values for IAQ across the continents, exceedances occurred in other pollutants. The limited number of indoor chemical pollutant studies suggests the need for more comprehensive studies on IAQ in DCC globally. Further studies should highlight the availability of low-cost sensors and mobile analytical equipment that will promote affordable ground-level data accessibility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-023-01320-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred U. Anake
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science & Technology, Covenant University, Km10 Idiroko Road, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Esther A. Nnamani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science & Technology, Covenant University, Km10 Idiroko Road, Ota, Nigeria
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31
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Wang D, Sun X, Song C, Wang Y, Duan G, Hu J. Dry response and acclimated characteristics of people ascending the Tibetan Plateau. J Therm Biol 2023; 113:103493. [PMID: 37055112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to a long period of low humidity, exposure to the dry environment of the Tibetan Plateau can cause skin and respiratory diseases and threaten human health. To examine the characteristics of acclimatization response to humidity comfort in visitors to the Tibetan Plateau based on an examination of the targeted effect and mechanism of the dry environment. A scale corresponding to local dryness symptoms was proposed. Eight participants were selected to conduct a two-week plateau experiment and a one-week plain experiment under six humidity ratios, respectively, to explore the characteristics of dry response and acclimatization of people entering the plateau. The results indicate that duration has a significant effect on human dry response. On the sixth day after entering Tibet, the degree of dryness reached the maximum, and acclimatization to the plateau environment began on the 12th day. The sensitivity of different body parts to the change in a dry environment was different. When the indoor humidity ratio increased from 9.04 g/kg to 21.77 g/kg, the symptoms of dry skin were most significantly relieved by 0.5 units of scale. After de-acclimatization, the degree of dryness in the eyes was most significantly alleviated, reducing by nearly one scale. The analysis of human symptom indicators in a dry environment shows that subjective and physiological indices are influential and essential in measuring human comfort in a dry environment. This study extends our understanding of dry environment responses and cognition of human comfort and lays a solid foundation for humid built environments in the plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China; School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Cong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China; School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China; School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Guannan Duan
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Jiale Hu
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
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Li NF, Huang SM, Liang CH. Entropy and exergy analysis of a hollow fiber membrane humidifier. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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Li Y, Sun J, Lei R, Zheng J, Tian X, Xue B, Luo B. The Interactive Effects between Drought and Air Pollutants on Children's Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: A Time-Series Analysis in Gansu, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1959. [PMID: 36767324 PMCID: PMC9915313 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a destructive and economic disaster in the world, drought shows an increasing trend under the continuous global climate change and adverse health effects have been reported. The interactive effects between drought and air pollutants, which may also be harmful to respiratory systems, remain to be discussed. We built the generalized additive model (GAM) and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to estimate the effects of drought and air pollutants on daily upper respiratory infections (URTI) outpatient visits among children under 6 in three cities of Gansu province. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) based on monthly precipitation (SPI-1) was used as an indicator of drought. A non-stratified model was established to explore the interaction effect of SPI-1 and air pollutants. We illustrated the number of daily pediatric URTI outpatient visits increased with the decrease in SPI-1. The interactive effects between air pollutants and the number of daily pediatric URTIs were significant. According to the non-stratified model, we revealed highly polluted and drought environments had the most significant impact on URTI in children. The occurrence of drought and air pollutants increased URTI in children and exhibited a significant interactive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianyun Sun
- Gansu Provincial Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ruoyi Lei
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baode Xue
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030, China
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Cepa JJ, Pavón RM, Caramés P, Alberti MG. A Review of Gas Measurement Practices and Sensors for Tunnels. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1090. [PMID: 36772130 PMCID: PMC9919948 DOI: 10.3390/s23031090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of pollutant gases emitted by traffic in a tunnel affects the indoor air quality and contributes to structural deterioration. Demand control ventilation systems incur high operating costs, so reliable measurement of the gas concentration is essential. Numerous commercial sensor types are available with proven experience, such as optical and first-generation electrochemical sensors, or novel materials in detection methods. However, all of them are subjected to measurement deviations due to environmental conditions. This paper presents the main types of sensors and their application in tunnels. Solutions will also be discussed in order to obtain reliable measurements and improve the efficiency of the extraction systems.
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López LR, Dessì P, Cabrera-Codony A, Rocha-Melogno L, Kraakman B, Naddeo V, Balaguer MD, Puig S. CO 2 in indoor environments: From environmental and health risk to potential renewable carbon source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159088. [PMID: 36181799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the developed world, individuals spend most of their time indoors. Poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has a wide range of effects on human health. The burden of disease associated with indoor air accounts for millions of premature deaths related to exposure to Indoor Air Pollutants (IAPs). Among them, CO2 is the most common one, and is commonly used as a metric of IAQ. Indoor CO2 concentrations can be significantly higher than outdoors due to human metabolism and activities. Even in presence of ventilation, controlling the CO2 concentration below the Indoor Air Guideline Values (IAGVs) is a challenge, and many indoor environments including schools, offices and transportation exceed the recommended value of 1000 ppmv. This is often accompanied by high concentration of other pollutants, including bio-effluents such as viruses, and the importance of mitigating the transmission of airborne diseases has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the relatively high CO2 concentration of indoor environments presents a thermodynamic advantage for direct air capture (DAC) in comparison to atmospheric CO2 concentration. This review aims to describe the issues associated with poor IAQ, and to demonstrate the potential of indoor CO2 DAC to purify indoor air while generating a renewable carbon stream that can replace conventional carbon sources as a building block for chemical production, contributing to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R López
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain.
| | - P Dessì
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - A Cabrera-Codony
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - L Rocha-Melogno
- ICF, 2635 Meridian Parkway Suite 200, Durham, NC 27713, United States
| | - B Kraakman
- Jacobs Engineering, Templey Quay 1, Bristol BAS1 6DG, UK; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n., 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - V Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - M D Balaguer
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - S Puig
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
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Yu L, Zhou T, Shao M, Zhang T, Wang J, Ma Y, Xu S, Chen Y, Zhu J, Pan F. The role of meteorological factors in suicide mortality in Wuhu, a humid city along the Yangtze River in Eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9558-9575. [PMID: 36057060 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the climate continues to change, suicide is becoming more frequent. In this study, absolute humidity (AH) was included for the first time and Wuhu, a typical subtropical city along the Yangtze River, was taken as the research object to explore the impact of suicide death risk on meteorological factors. The daily meteorological factors and suicide mortality data of Wuhu city from 2014 to 2020 were collected. Guided by structural equation model (SEM), a time series analysis method combining distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) and generalized additive model (GAM) was adopted. To investigate the correlation among different populations, we stratified age and gender at different meteorological levels. A total of 1259 suicide deaths were collected in Wuhu. The results indicated that exceedingly low and low levels of AH short-term exposure increased suicide mortality, with the maximum effect occurring at lag 14 for both levels of exposure, when the relative risk (RR) was 1.131 (95% CI: 1.030, 1.242) and 1.065 (95% CI: 1.006, 1.127), respectively. Exposure to exceedingly high and exceedingly low levels of temperature mean (T mean) also increased suicide mortality, with maximum RR values of 1.132 (lag 14, 95% CI: 1.015, 1.263) and 1.203 (lag 0, 95% CI: 1.079, 1.340), sequentially. As for diurnal temperature range (DTR), low-level exposure decreased the risk of suicide, while high-level exposure increased this risk, with RR values of 0.955 (lag 0, 95% CI: 0.920, 0.991, minimum) and 1.060 (lag 0, 95% CI: 1.018, 1.104, maximum), sequentially. Stratified analysis showed that AH and DTR increased the suicide death risk in male and elderly people, while the risk effect of T mean have no effect on young people only. In summary, male and elderly people appear to be more vulnerable to adverse weather effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jinian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiansheng Zhu
- Wuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China.
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Mei Y, Li A, Zhao M, Xu J, Li R, Zhao J, Zhou Q, Ge X, Xu Q. Associations and burdens of relative humidity with cause-specific mortality in three Chinese cities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:3512-3526. [PMID: 35947256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between relative humidity (RH) and various cause of mortality, and then quantify the RH-related mortality fraction of low and high RH under the assumption that causal effects exist. Daily cause-specific mortality counts from 2008 to 2011, and contemporaneous meteorological data in three Chinese cities were collected. Distributed lag nonlinear models were adopted to quantify the nonlinear and delayed effects of RH on mortality risk. Low and high RH were defined as RH lower or higher than the minimum mortality risk RH (MMRH), respectively. Corresponding RH-related mortality fractions were calculated in the explanatory analysis. From the three cities, 736,301 deaths were collected. RH (mean ± standard deviation) were 50.9 ± 20.0 for Beijing, 75.5 ± 8.6 for Chengdu, and 70.8 ± 14.6 for Nanjing. We found that low RH in Beijing and high RH (about 80-90%) in Chengdu was associated with increased all-cause mortality risk. Both low and high RH may increase the CVD mortality risk in Beijing. Both low and high (about 80-85%) RH may increase the COPD mortality risk in Chengdu. Low RH (about < 45%) was associated with increased diabetes mortality risk in Nanjing. Effects of extreme low and extreme high RH were delayed in these cities, except that extreme low effects on COPD mortality appeared immediately in Chengdu. The effects of extreme low RH are higher than that of the extreme high RH in Beijing and Nanjing, while contrary in Chengdu. Finally, under the causal effect assumption, 6.80% (95% eCI: 2.90, 10.73) all-cause mortality and 12.48% (95% eCI: 7.17, 16.80) CVD deaths in Beijing, 9.59% (95% eCI: 1.38, 16.88) COPD deaths in Chengdu, and 23.79% (95% eCI: 0.92, 387.93) diabetes mortality in Nanjing were attributable to RH. Our study provided insights into RH-mortality risk, helped draw relative intervention policies, and is also significant for future predictions of climate change effects under different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Meiduo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Runkui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Yang DL, Zhang ZN, Liu H, Yang ZY, Liu MM, Zheng QX, Chen W, Xiang P. Indoor air pollution and human ocular diseases: Associated contaminants and underlying pathological mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137037. [PMID: 36349586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
People spend a long time indoors, especially young children. The risk of indoor pollution on human health is one of the current hotspots in environmental and public health. The human ocular surface is highly susceptible to indoor environment quality. Epidemiological data have linked human ophthalmological disorders with exposure to indoor pollution. In this review, we summarized the adverse impacts of indoor pollution on the human ocular surface. Several studies demonstrated that indoor contaminants including particulate matter, volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, and fuel combustion and cigarette smoke exposure were associated with the incidence of human dry eye, conjunctivitis, glaucoma, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and keratitis. In addition, toxicological investigations revealed that indoor pollution-induced induced chronic inflammation, oxidative damage, and disruption of tight junctions are the main underlying pathological mechanisms for ocular surface diseases. Taken together, this review may expand the understanding of pollution-induced eye disorder and highlight the importance of reducing associated contaminants to decrease their detrimental effects on human eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Lei Yang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Zhang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Hai Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Eye Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Zi-Yue Yang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Mi-Mi Liu
- The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Qin-Xiang Zheng
- The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, China.
| | - Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
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Advanced harmonization techniques result in accurate establishment of in vitro-in vivo correlations for oxybenzone from four complex dermal formulations with reapplication. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:275-291. [PMID: 35763195 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to high variability during clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation, the prediction of in vivo exposure from in vitro absorption testing of topical semisolid and liquid dermal products has historically proven difficult. Since absorption from unoccluded formulations can be influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, maximal effort must be placed on the harmonization of experimental parameters between in vitro and in vivo testing conditions to establish accurate in vitro/in vivo correlations (IVIVC). Using four different sunscreen formulations as a model, we performed in vitro permeation testing (IVPT) studies with excised human skin and maintained strict harmonization techniques to control application time, occlusion, temperature, and humidity during in vivo human serum PK evaluation. The goal was to investigate if increased control over experimental parameters would result in decreased inter-subject variability of common topical formulations leading to acceptable IVIVC establishment. Using a deconvolution-based approach, excellent point-to-point (Level A correlation) IVIVC for the entire 12-h study duration was achieved for all four sunscreen formulations with < 10% prediction error of both area under the curve (AUC) and peak concentration (Cmax) estimation. The low variability of in vivo absorption data presents a proof-of-concept protocol design for testing of complex semisolid and liquid topical formulations applied over a large surface area with reapplication in a reliable manner. This work also presents the opportunity for expanded development of testing for the impact of altered temperature and humidity conditions on product absorption in vivo with a high degree of precision.
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Effects of indoor summer dehumidification and winter humidification on the physiological and subjective responses of the elderly. J Therm Biol 2023; 111:103390. [PMID: 36585092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the physiological and subjective responses of the elderly to dehumidification in a humid summer and humidification in a dry winter compared with the young. Sixteen elderly and sixteen young subjects participated in the dehumidification experiment (DE) and 13 elderly and 15 young subjects participated in the humidification experiment (HE). The air temperature in the climate chamber was set at 28 °C, and humidity was decreased from 70% relative humidity (RH) to 50% RH for 90 min in the DE. The air temperature was set at 25 °C, and the humidity was increased from 30% RH to 50% RH for 90 min in the HE. Skin temperature, body weight, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration state, saccharin clearance time (SCT), and blinking frequency were measured during exposure; whereby we evaluated humidity sensation, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort. Dehumidification caused a significant decrease in skin temperature in both age groups owing to greater insensible perspiration. Humidification significantly shortened the SCT in both age groups. TEWL increased significantly in the DE and decreased in the HE. For the physiological responses (skin temperature, skin physiology, SCT, and blinking frequency) to dehumidification and humidification, no distinct differences between the age groups were observed. However, subjective responses suggested that the elderly were less sensitive to humidity differences than the young in both the DE and HE.
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da Silva I, Wikuats CFH, Hashimoto EM, Martins LD. Effects of Environmental and Socioeconomic Inequalities on Health Outcomes: A Multi-Region Time-Series Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16521. [PMID: 36554402 PMCID: PMC9778807 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The gradual increase in temperatures and changes in relative humidity, added to the aging and socioeconomic conditions of the population, may represent problems for public health, given that future projections predict even more noticeable changes in the climate and the age pyramid, which require analyses at an appropriate spatial scale. To our knowledge, an analysis of the synergic effects of several climatic and socioeconomic conditions on hospital admissions and deaths by cardiorespiratory and mental disorders has not yet been performed in Brazil. Statistical analyses were performed using public time series (1996-2015) of daily health and meteorological data from 16 metropolitan regions (in a subtropical climate zone in South America). Health data were stratified into six groups according to gender and age ranges (40-59; 60-79; and ≥80 years old) for each region. For the regression analysis, two distributions (Poisson and binomial negative) were tested with and without zero adjustments for the complete series and percentiles. Finally, the relative risks were calculated, and the effects based on exposure-response curves were evaluated and compared among regions. The negative binomial distribution fit the data best. High temperatures and low relative humidity were the most relevant risk factors for hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases (lag = 0), while minimum temperatures were important for respiratory diseases (lag = 2 or 3 days). Temperature extremes, both high and low, were the most important risk factors for mental illnesses at lag 0. Groups with people over 60 years old presented higher risks for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, while this was observed for the adult group (40-59 years old) in relation to mental disorders. In general, no major differences were found in the results between men and women. However, regions with higher urbanization levels presented risks, mainly for respiratory diseases, while the same was observed for cardiovascular diseases for regions with lower levels of urbanization. The Municipal Human Development Index is an important factor for the occurrence of diseases and deaths for all regions, depending on the evaluated group, representing high risks for health outcomes (the value for hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases was 1.6713 for the female adult group in the metropolitan region Palmas, and the value for hospitalization for respiratory diseases was 1.7274 for the female adult group in the metropolitan region Campo Mourão). In general, less developed regions have less access to adequate health care and better living conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da Silva
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Londrina, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Av. Dos Pioneiros, 3131, Londrina 86036-370, Paraná, Brazil
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1226, São Paulo 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Fernanda Hei Wikuats
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Londrina, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Av. Dos Pioneiros, 3131, Londrina 86036-370, Paraná, Brazil
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1226, São Paulo 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Mie Hashimoto
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Londrina, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Av. Dos Pioneiros, 3131, Londrina 86036-370, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leila Droprinchinski Martins
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Londrina, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Av. Dos Pioneiros, 3131, Londrina 86036-370, Paraná, Brazil
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Meteorological change and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome epidemic in China, 2004-2018. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20037. [PMID: 36414682 PMCID: PMC9681842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), caused by hantavirus, is a serious public health problem in China. Despite intensive countermeasures including Patriotic Health Campaign, rodent control and vaccination in affected areas, HFRS is still a potential public health threat in China, with more than 10,000 new cases per year. Previous epidemiological evidence suggested that meteorological factors could influence HFRS incidence, but the studies were mainly limited to a specific city or region in China. This study aims to evaluate the association between monthly HFRS cases and meteorological change at the country level using a multivariate distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) from 2004 to 2018. The results from both univariate and multivariate models showed a non-linear cumulative relative risk relationship between meteorological factors (with a lag of 0-6 months) such as mean temperature (Tmean), precipitation, relative humidity (RH), sunshine hour (SH), wind speed (WS) and HFRS incidence. The risk for HFRS cases increased steeply as the Tmean between - 23 and 14.79 °C, SH between 179.4 and 278.4 h and RH remaining above 69% with 50-95 mm precipitation and 1.70-2.00 m/s WS. In conclusion, meteorological factors such as Tmean and RH showed delayed-effects on the increased risk of HFRS in the study and the lag varies across climate factors. Temperature with a lag of 6 months (RR = 3.05) and precipitation with a lag of 0 months (RR = 2.08) had the greatest impact on the incidence of HFRS.
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Qiu Y, Zhou Y, Chang Y, Liang X, Zhang H, Lin X, Qing K, Zhou X, Luo Z. The Effects of Ventilation, Humidity, and Temperature on Bacterial Growth and Bacterial Genera Distribution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192215345. [PMID: 36430064 PMCID: PMC9691097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria are readily nourished in airtight environments with high humidity, such as storage cabinets, clothing closets, and corners, where ventilation is normally low and humidity is high. OBJECTIVES We characterized the role of humidity and ventilation in bacterial growth and genus distribution at different temperatures (26 °C and 34 °C). METHODS Fresh pork, which was used as the substrate for bacterial culture, was placed in storage cabinets. Bacterial growth and genera distribution on the surface of pork placed in a storage cabinet under different temperatures (26 °C and 34 °C); relative humidity levels (RH: 50%, 70%, 90%); and ventilation conditions (no ventilation and low, medium, and high levels of ventilation) were assessed by rDNA sequencing. RESULTS Increased ventilation and reduced humidity significantly decreased bacterial growth at 26 °C and 34 °C. The contribution of increased ventilation to the reduction in bacterial growth exceeded that of decreased humidity. Ventilation had the greatest effect on reducing bacterial growth compared to the unventilated conditions at 70% RH. At 34 °C, medium and high levels of ventilation were required to reduce bacterial growth. High temperatures greatly increased bacterial growth, but ventilation could reduce the degree of this increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Qiu
- Department of Physiology, The School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, The School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yanfen Chang
- Department of Physiology, The School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Department of Physiology, The School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Center for the Built Environment, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 2506, USA
| | - Xiaorui Lin
- China Vanke Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China
| | - Ke Qing
- China Vanke Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ziqiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, The School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
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Verheyen CA, Bourouiba L. Associations between indoor relative humidity and global COVID-19 outcomes. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20210865. [PMID: 36382379 PMCID: PMC9667146 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, the spread and severity of COVID-19 have been distinctly non-uniform. Seasonality was suggested as a contributor to regional variability, but the relationship between weather and COVID-19 remains unclear and the focus of attention has been on outdoor conditions. Because humans spend most of their time indoors and because most transmission occurs indoors, we here, instead, investigate the hypothesis that indoor climate-particularly indoor relative humidity (RH)-may be the more relevant modulator of outbreaks. To study this association, we combined population-based COVID-19 statistics and meteorological measurements from 121 countries. We rigorously processed epidemiological data to reduce bias, then developed and experimentally validated a computational workflow to estimate indoor conditions based on outdoor weather data and standard indoor comfort conditions. Our comprehensive analysis shows robust and systematic relationships between regional outbreaks and indoor RH. In particular, we found intermediate RH (40-60%) to be robustly associated with better COVID-19 outbreak outcomes (versus RH < 40% or >60%). Together, these results suggest that indoor conditions, particularly indoor RH, modulate the spread and severity of COVID-19 outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. A. Verheyen
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L. Bourouiba
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Fluid Dynamics of Disease Transmission Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Dietrich AM, Yao W, Gallagher DL. Exposure at the indoor water-air interface: Fill water constituents and the consequent air emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers: A systematic review. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13129. [PMID: 36437646 PMCID: PMC9828259 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review investigates the emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers (e.g., cool mist humidifiers) within indoor air environments, namely soluble and insoluble metals and minerals as well as microorganisms and one organic chemical biocide. Relationships between ultrasonic humidifier fill water quality and the emissions in indoor air are studied, and associated potential adverse health outcomes are discussed. Literature from January 1, 1980, to February 1, 2022, was searched from online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to produce 27 articles. The results revealed clear positive proportional relationships of the concentration of microorganisms and soluble metals/minerals between fill water qualities and emitted airborne particles, for both microbial (n = 9) and inorganic (n = 15) constituents. When evaluating emissions and the consequent health outcomes, ventilation rates of specific exposure scenarios affect the concentrations of emitted particles. Thus, well-ventilated rooms may alleviate inhalation risks when the fill water in ultrasonic humidifiers contains microorganisms and soluble metals/minerals. Case reports (n = 3) possibly due to the inhalation of particles from ultrasonic humidifier include hypersensitivity pneumonitis in adults and a 6-month infant; the young infant exhibited nonreversible mild obstructive ventilator defect. In summary, related literature indicated correlation between fill water quality of ultrasonic humidifier and emitted particles in air quality, and inhalation of the emitted particles may cause undesirable health outcomes of impaired respiratory functions in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Dietrich
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Wenchuo Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Daniel L. Gallagher
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
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Wang Y, Yan Y, Lian Z, Chen D, Lau APT, Lu C. Fabry-Perot interferometers for highly-sensitive multi-point relative humidity sensing based on Vernier effect and digital signal processing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:39946-39960. [PMID: 36298936 DOI: 10.1364/oe.470755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive relative humidity (RH) sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is fabricated by splicing a segment of hollow core Bragg fiber (HCBF) with single mode fiber (SMF) and functionalized with chitosan and ultraviolet optical adhesive (UVOA) composite at the end of HCBF to form a hygroscopic polymer film. The reflection beams from the splicing point and the two surfaces of the polymer film generate the Vernier effect in the reflection spectrum, which significantly improves the humidity sensitivity of the sensor. To demodulate the envelope based on the Vernier effect and realize multi-point sensing, a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm is proposed to process the reflection spectrum. The performance of the DSP algorithm is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. The proposed sensor demonstrates a high sensitivity of 1.45 nm/% RH for RH ranging from 45% RH to 90% RH. The compact size, high sensitivity and multiplexing capability make this sensor a promising candidate for RH monitoring. Furthermore, the proposed DSP can potentially be applied to other sensors based on the Vernier effect to analyze and extract valuable information from the interference spectrum.
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Duan M, Lu Y, Li Y, Wei J, Qian H, Lin B, Liu L. Indoor dryness and humidification-induced arsenic inhalation exposure above 4200 m in Ngari, China. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13133. [PMID: 36305059 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China, features its ultrahigh altitude above 4200 m, very little annual precipitation and extremely low relative humidity. Residents who have migrated to Tibet from the plains use indoor humidification to reduce the respiratory discomfort caused by prolonged exposure to dry indoor air. In this study, field investigations and analysis of residential indoor environments and humidification methods in Ngari Prefecture revealed that ninety-eight percent of humidifier consumers in the prefecture used low-cost ultrasonic humidifiers filled with indoor tap water. The results revealed that the arsenic (As) concentration of the tap water was 41.6 μg/L, over four times China's standards for drinking water quality (10 μg/L). The source As concentration in the air humidified by the tap water-filled ultrasonic humidifier is (619.8 ± 59.1) (ng/m3 ·air), while no As was detected in the air humidified by the evaporative humidifier. For ultrasonic humidifier with tap water-filled, the inhalation dose of a healthy adult was 45.4 ng/d. The minute ventilation volume of migrated residents who had been in Ngari for less than two years (12.5 ± 4.3 L/min) was greater than those of the long-term residents (10.0 ± 4.5 L/min), which may exacerbate the short-term inhalation exposure risk for migrated residents. To reduce the health risks associated with As exposure, evaporative humidifiers are recommended for households using domestic water. If ultrasonic humidifiers are used, the tap water must be purified with terminal filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Duan
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Lu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjian Wei
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Qian
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Borong Lin
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Kloster S, Kirkegaard AM, Davidsen M, Christensen AI, Nielsen NS, Gunnarsen L, Ersbøll AK. Patterns of Perceived Indoor Environment in Danish Homes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11498. [PMID: 36141771 PMCID: PMC9517311 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The indoor environment is composed of several exposures existing simultaneously. Therefore, it might be useful to combine exposures into common combined measures when used to assess the association with health. The aim of our study was to identify patterns of the perceived indoor environment. Data from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey in the year 2000 were used. The perceived indoor environment was assessed using a questionnaire (e.g., annoyances from noise, draught, and stuffy air; 13 items in total). Factor analysis was used to explore the structure of relationships between these 13 items. Furthermore, groups of individuals with similar perceived indoor environment were identified using latent class analysis. A total of 16,688 individuals ≥16 years participated. Their median age was 46 years. Four factors were extracted from the factor analysis. The factors were characterized by: (1) a mixture of items, (2) temperature, (3) traffic, and (4) neighbor noise. Moreover, three groups of individuals sharing the same perception of their indoor environment were identified. They were characterized by: a low (n = 14,829), moderate (n = 980), and large number of annoyances (n = 879). Observational studies need to take this correlation and clustering of perceived annoyances into account when studying associations between the indoor environment and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Kloster
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Kirkegaard
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Denmark
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Michael Davidsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Anne Illemann Christensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Niss Skov Nielsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Lars Gunnarsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Annette Kjær Ersbøll
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Vergerio G, Becchio C. Pursuing occupants' health and well-being in building management: Definition of new metrics based on indoor air parameters. BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT 2022; 223:109447. [PMID: 35937084 PMCID: PMC9339165 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 has affected the lives of millions of people. Pandemic has made people more sensitive to health issues. In particular, the growing concern for the virus spread in confined spaces has promoted the necessity to improve indoor air quality. Literature is stressing how buildings must be designed and operated pursuing occupants' health and well-being, with a particular attention for indoor air parameters. This poses the challenge of monitoring and assessing these aspects through proper metrics. In this paper the approach towards a multi-step assessment procedure embedding in buildings assessment health and well-being related variables and indicators is elaborated. They are intended to inform a building manager of the potential influence of air conditions on human health and well-being. Moreover, a set of monetary metrics (i.e., impacts) is proposed to translate energy and indoor air related building performances into euros, putting the basis for a comprehensive economic evaluation. The application of the set of proposed metrics to an Italian hotel (i.e., Italian pilot of H2020 MOBISTYLE project), enabled to map some indoor air conditions causing health concerns, and to identify clusters of guests with best and worst indoor air conditions, to be targeted by new management strategies. Despite case study specific limitations, the application exemplified how the methodology can expand the traditional energy-based performance assessment for building management towards indoor air domain and the related economic impacts, with implication on results in terms of overall economic performance of the building from both a private and public perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vergerio
- TEBE-IEEM Research Group, Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Becchio
- TEBE-IEEM Research Group, Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
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Naseri K, Aliashrafzadeh H, Otadi M, Ebrahimzadeh F, Badfar H, Alipourfard I. Human Responses in Public Health Emergencies for Infectious Disease Control: An Overview of Controlled Topologies for Biomedical Applications. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:6324462. [PMID: 36105443 PMCID: PMC9458400 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6324462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 originated in Wuhan city of Hubei Province in China in December three years ago. Since then, it has spread to more than 210 countries and territories. This disease is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. The virus has a size of one to two nanometers and a single-stranded positive RNA. Droplets spread the virus from coughing and sneezing. This condition causes coughing, fever, acute respiratory problems, and even death. According to the WHO, the virus can survive outside the body for several hours. This research aimed to determine how environmental factors influenced the COVID-19 virus's survival and behavior, as well as its transmission, in a complex environment. Based on the results, virus transmissions are influenced by various human and environmental factors such as population distribution, travel, social behavior, and climate change. Environmental factors have not been adequately examined concerning the transmission of this epidemic. Thus, it is necessary to examine various aspects of prevention and control of this disease, including its effects on climate and other environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Naseri
- Department of Architecture and Urban Studies (DAStU), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maryam Otadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Homayoun Badfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology (UUT), PO Box: 57166-419, Urmia, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Biology,Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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