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Ericsson CR, Rudman A, Lindström V, Nordquist H. 'We are expected to be problem solvers'-Paramedics' performance expectations through the lens of organizational socialization: An interview study. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e70014. [PMID: 39239758 PMCID: PMC11377957 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.70014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore Finnish paramedics' perceptions of work-related performance expectations in relation to work experience, and understand how organizational socialization contributes to understanding paramedics' performance expectations. DESIGN A qualitative design with a deductive-inductive approach utilizing a social constructivist framework. The organizational socialization framework by Wanberg was used as the theoretical basis. METHODS Data were collected between May and August 2023, using group and individual interviews of newly graduated (n = 9) and experienced paramedics (n = 13). Participants were recruited via social media channels. Data were first analyzed deductively, according to constructs of the organizational socialization framework (role clarity, task mastery, and social acceptance), then inductively, using codes not utilized in the deductive phase. DATA SOURCES Interviewed Finnish paramedics (N = 22), both newly graduated paramedics (n = 9) and experienced paramedics (n = 13). The interviews were performed remotely and then transcribed into text. RESULTS Our findings showed comparable performance expectations between newly graduated and experienced paramedics, mismatches in role clarity of paramedic work, challenges in both learning and upholding professional competence, and difficulties of social acceptance into the paramedic community. There were variations in how expectations were perceived between groups, indicating that experience might partly affect how paramedics identify and manage performance expectations. The organizational socialization framework enables the contextualization of these performance expectations. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Paramedic work involves challenges to upholding clinical competence, aligning to a professional role, and social integration into the professional community. Our research contributes to understanding how paramedics perceive these challenges as performance expectations in different stages of their careers and how they could be managed utilizing a framework for organizational socialization. The socialization of paramedics into the workforce needs to account for these performance expectations, especially considering the changing paradigm of paramedic work, role, and societal expectations. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No Patient or Public Contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer R Ericsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Business and Healthcare, Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Veronica Lindström
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Ambulance Service Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
- Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hilla Nordquist
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Healthcare and Emergency Care, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Kotka, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Berndtsson P, Skyvell-Nilsson M, Brink E, Berghammer M. Commitment and efforts to maintain mentoring: Nurse managers' perceptions of structuring mentoring provision for new nurses in a hospital setting. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:3700-3710. [PMID: 38797932 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to describe nurse managers' perceptions of the provision of mentoring for newly graduated registered nurses (NGRNs) and its contribution to the work environment in a hospital setting. BACKGROUND Nurse managers are responsible for the work environment and for supporting the staff's professional development, which includes giving NGRNs organizational support during their introduction to the workplace. Mentorship is one common way to provide support, but there is a lack of knowledge about how nurse managers view this support. DESIGN/METHOD This was a qualitative descriptive study, using a semi-structured interview guide. Fifteen individual interviews with nurse managers were performed in hospital settings. The interview transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ guidelines and checklist were used. RESULTS The results describe the nurse managers' perceptions of the provision of mentoring in three themes: Ensuring and sustaining mentoring for new nurses' needs is a struggle in the harsh reality of healthcare, Identifying mentors who are willing and possess the necessary competence for the assignment and Promoting a secure and attractive workplace by mentoring new nurses. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that nurse managers are important in the provision of mentoring for NGRNs' learning and professional development. Mentoring has a positive spillover effect on the entire unit as a sustainable approach to securing and improving the work environment. Our study also identifies challenges for nurse managers to structure mentoring provision. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE This study highlights the importance of investment in mentoring for the NGRNs' professional development and for patient care. Support is needed from the top level of the organization, but how mentoring should be structured and facilitated needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eva Brink
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Malin Berghammer
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
- The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fan J, Chang Y, Li L, Jiang N, Qu Z, Zhang J, Li M, Liang B, Qu D. The relationship between medical staff burnout and subjective wellbeing: the chain mediating role of psychological capital and perceived social support. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1408006. [PMID: 38975362 PMCID: PMC11224155 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1408006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Medical staff play a crucial role in delivering healthcare services, especially during epidemics of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is a growing issue of burnout and low wellbeing among this group. While it is widely recognized that burnout has a negative impact on subjective wellbeing, the exact relationship between the two is not yet completely understood. The purpose of this study is to explore the chain mediating role of psychological capital and perceived social support between burnout and subjective wellbeing among medical staff. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, 604 medical staff were selected for a cross-sectional study. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire that collected demographic information, as well as data from the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, General Wellbeing Schedule, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 27.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro were used for data analysis. Results There was a significant correlation between burnout, psychological capital, perceived social support, and subjective wellbeing (p < 0.01). Burnout not only has a direct negative impact on the subjective wellbeing of medical staff (effect: -0.2045; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.2506, -0.1583), but also exerts an indirect influence on subjective wellbeing through three pathways: the independent mediating effect of psychological capital (effect: -0.0481; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0876, -0.0109), the independent mediating effect of perceived social support (effect: -0.0092; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0203, -0.0003), and the chained mediating effect of psychological capital and perceived social support (effect: -0.0092; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0183, -0.0019). Conclusion High burnout in medical staff can impair the level of psychological capital, leading to diminished perceived social support and ultimately reduced subjective wellbeing. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the potential pathways between burnout and subjective wellbeing and provide preliminary data support for developing strategies to improve the mental health of medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fan
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yuyang Chang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Li Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhifei Qu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Danhua Qu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
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Harris R, Kavaliotis E, Drummond SPA, Wolkow AP. Sleep, mental health and physical health in new shift workers transitioning to shift work: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 75:101927. [PMID: 38626702 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration CRD42022309827) aimed to describe how shift work impacts new workers' sleep, mental health, and physical health during the transition to shift work and to consolidate information regarding predictors of shift work tolerance (SWT) during this transition period. Inclusion criteria included: new shift workers; sleep, mental health, or physical health outcomes; prospective study design with the first timepoint assessing workers within three months of starting shift work; and written in English. Searches from six databases returned 12,172 articles as of August 2023. The final sample included 48 papers. Publication quality and risk of bias was assessed using the critical appraisal skills program. Forty-five studies investigated longitudinal changes in sleep, mental health, or physical health outcomes and 29 studies investigated predictors of SWT (i.e., better sleep, mental and physical health). Sleep and mental health outcomes worsened following the onset of shift work, while physical health did not significantly change. Pre-shift work mental health, sleep, and work characteristics predicted SWT later in workers' careers. Shift work adversely impacts new workers' sleep and mental health early in their career, and interventions before beginning shift work are needed to promote better SWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Harris
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Eleni Kavaliotis
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Sean P A Drummond
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Alexander P Wolkow
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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Grys CA, Turner KM, Drake AK, Flores MK. Implementation of an Enculturation Toolkit for New Nurses During Unit Onboarding. J Nurs Adm 2024; 54:227-234. [PMID: 38512084 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000001414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This quality improvement project targeted an enculturation gap among new nurses by assembling and piloting an Enculturation Toolkit. BACKGROUND Enculturation of new nurses contributes to engagement, performance, sense of belonging, and retention. During the COVID-19 pandemic, orientation was shortened, virtual, and asynchronous, creating a gap in enculturation. METHODS New nurses and their preceptors were surveyed at baseline, 2 to 3 months, and 4 to 5 months to measure engagement and enculturation using the Meaning and Joy in Work Questionnaire (MJWQ) and questions about the history and values of the organization. RESULTS Initial MJWQ responses were high and sustained throughout the study period. Participants demonstrated increased knowledge of the organization's mission statement and logo. New nurses rated the toolkit activities favorably, with an average score of 4.6 out of 5. CONCLUSIONS An Enculturation Toolkit was effective in improving knowledge about the organization and sustaining engagement and belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal A Grys
- Author Affiliations: Nurse Clinician (Dr Grys), Nurse Manager (Drake), Nurse Administrator (Dr Flores), Department of Nursing, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona; Associate Clinical Professor (Dr Turner), School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Eklund A, Sterner A, Nilsson MS, Larsman P. The impact of transition programs on well-being, experiences of work environment and turnover intentionamong early career hospital nurses. Work 2024:WOR230537. [PMID: 38457173 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transition programs for newly graduated nurses in hospital settings are reported to provide learning opportunities, strengthening confidence, workplace integration and skills, retention and job satisfaction. Still, our knowledge of long-term effects is scarce and few studies have used control groups. OBJECTIVE To explore the long-term impact of having attended a transition program on the nurses' experiences of the first years of practice. More specifically, ideology-infused psychological contract, ethical stress, perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, opportunities for learning, and intention to stay in the nursing profession, were explored as outcome variables. METHODS A questionnaire survey was carried out among registered nurses from November 2019 to January 2020, with a 54% response rate. The analysis was based on 149 nurses who had attended a transition program, and 72 who had not attended. The nurses had seniority between one and three years. Independent samples t-test were used to investigate differences between the groups. RESULTS The two groups showed small and non-significant differences in the outcome variables. However, regarding the frequency of ethical value conflicts induced by insufficient resources, as well as experiences of ethical value conflict distress, the group of nurses who had attended a transition program showed statistically significantly higher mean values, although the effect sizes were small. CONCLUSION Newly graduated nurses need more than transition programs and skills training to progress in their nursing role and develop competence, increase job satisfaction, and reduce stress. Achieving these goals requires a long-term supportive learning environment that is integrated into everyday work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Eklund
- Department of Individual and Behavioral studies, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Anders Sterner
- Department of Work Life and Social Welfare, Faculty of Caring Sciences, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | | | - Pernilla Larsman
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Carnesten H, von Heideken Wågert P, Gustin LW, Toivanen S, Skoglund K, Jaarsma T, Andreae C. Struggling in the dehumanized world of COVID-An exploratory mixed-methods study of frontline healthcare workers' experiences. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38305070 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore healthcare workers' experiences of the changed caring reality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. DESIGN An online fully mixed-methods design. METHODS A web-based self-reported questionnaire with fixed and open-ended answers collected data from March to April 2021, analysed in three steps. First, free-text questions were analysed by qualitative content analysis. Then quantitative linear regression analyses using models covering stress and coping mechanisms were conducted. Finally, a meta-inference of qualitative and quantitative data emerged a new comprehensive understanding. The COREQ guidelines were used for reporting. RESULTS Meta-inferenced results of quantitative and qualitative findings show the pandemic was a traumatic experience for healthcare workers. Main theme; When work became a frightening experience in a dehumanized reality, comprised four themes: Entering unprepared into a frightful, incomprehensible world; Sacrificing moral values and harbouring dilemmas in isolation; Lack of clear management; and Reorient in togetherness and find meaning in a changed reality. Qualitative results comprised four categories; Working in a dehumanized world; Living in betrayal of ones' own conscience; Lack of structure in a chaotic time and Regaining vitality together. Subdimensions comprehensibility and meaningfulness were associated significantly with post-traumatic stress disorder in multiple regression analysis. In multiple regression analysis, sense of coherence was the most prominent coping strategy. CONCLUSIONS Forcing oneself to perform beyond one's limit, sacrificing moral values and lacking management was a traumatic experience to healthcare workers during the pandemic. Reorienting as a way of coping was possible in togetherness with colleagues. There is an urgency of interventions to meet the needs among healthcare workers who took on a frontline role during the COVID-19 pandemic and to prevent mental health illness in future crisis. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution. SUMMARY The pandemic outbreak exposed frontline healthcare workers to unparallelled stress shown as negative for their mental health in several meta-analyses and systematic reviews. In-depth understanding on experiences and how symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder relate to coping mechanisms have been scarcely explored. This study contributes to understanding on healthcare workers' experiences and the relation between lower sense of coherence and increased risk of developing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE/POLICY This study might guide how to prepare for resilience in future emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillewi Carnesten
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | | | - Lena Wiklund Gustin
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Susanna Toivanen
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | - Karin Skoglund
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Christina Andreae
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
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8
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Rudman A, Frögéli E, Skyvell Nilsson M. Gaining acceptance, insight and ability to act: A process evaluation of a preventive stress intervention as part of a transition-to-practice programme for newly graduated nurses. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:597-611. [PMID: 37550853 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate how NGNs perceived and applied an intervention for preventing stress-related ill health embedded in a transition-to-practice programme when entering their professional life. DESIGN A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was selected for this study to gain insights and perspectives on the adoption and utilization of the intervention. METHODS In this qualitative methodology process evaluation, semi-structured and audio-recorded interviews were conducted with a sample of 49 nurses. Data were collected between December 2016 and July 2017, and were sorted in NVivo 12 Plus, followed by thematic analysis. RESULTS The analysis resulted in three change processes stimulated by the intervention: (a) Building acceptance of being new; (b) Gaining insight into professional development and health and (c) Practical steps for skills development, healthy habits and better-organized work. In addition to the three themes, barriers that hindered the progression of the processes were also described. Each process influenced the development of the others by stimulating a deeper understanding, motivation to change and courage to act. Several barriers were identified, including the use of cognitively demanding intervention tools, fatigue, high work demands, inconvenient work hours and a hostile social climate on the ward. CONCLUSION This process evaluation showed that newly graduated nurses used knowledge from the intervention and adopted new behaviours largely in accordance with how the intervention was intended to work. IMPACT When entering a new profession, it is crucial to receive a well-thought-out, structured and targeted introduction to the new professional role, tasks and work group. Nurses stated that the intervention increased their understanding of the role as new nurses and their insight into how to develop skills that promoted better functioning and recovery. The intervention also stimulated the development of new health behaviour and some new learning strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Elin Frögéli
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lönnqvist K, Sinervo T, Kaihlanen AM, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K, Elovainio M. Psychosocial work characteristics and sleep quality among early career registered nurses: a cross-sectional latent profile analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1020. [PMID: 37735692 PMCID: PMC10515238 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual psychosocial work characteristics have been associated with health and well-being of registered nurses. However, it is yet to be determined whether different types of psychosocial work characteristics form patterned profiles and how these profiles are associated with the health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to identify latent psychosocial work characteristic profiles, including procedural, interactional and distributive justice, job demand and job control, and examine whether the profiles are associated with sleep quality among early career registered nurses. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study comprising 632 early career registered nurses. Data were collected between November and December 2018 using an electronic survey with internationally validated measures including the Organizational Justice Scale, the Nurse Stress Index Scale, the Job Content Questionnaire, and the Sleep Problems Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis was used to identify groups with similar psychosocial work characteristic profiles. Multinomial and linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between latent work characteristics profiles and sleep quality. RESULTS Analysis yielded four profiles. The profiles were named based on the descriptions of classes as high strain/low justice, medium strain/high justice, medium strain/medium justice, and low strain/high justice. The low strain/high justice profile group (p = < 0.001) and the medium strain/high justice profile group (p = 0.002) had statistically significantly better sleep quality compared to the high strain/low justice profile group. CONCLUSIONS High procedural and interactional justice may alleviate strain in early career registered nurses and protect them against sleep problems. Promoting organizational justice in early career stages seems an efficient way to enhance registered nurses' well-being and sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Lönnqvist
- Doctoral Programme in Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
| | - Timo Sinervo
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Anu-Marja Kaihlanen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Katri Vehviläinen-Julkunen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, Kuopio, 70200, Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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Brzozowski SL, King B, Steege LM. Nurses' perception of identity, practice and support needed in primary care: A descriptive qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:3337-3350. [PMID: 36935523 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore how primary care registered nurses (PCRNs) describe their professional identity, their perception of their practice, and the support they need to effectively perform the responsibilities of their role. DESIGN A qualitative descriptive design using inductive content analysis. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with registered nurses (n = 14) working in primary care settings in the United States between June 2018 and December 2020. Inductive content analysis was used and comprised three phases: preparation, organizing, and reporting. COREQ reporting guidelines were used. RESULTS Three categories were discovered related to PCRN identity and practice: Wearing Multiple Hats, Practicing Within Bounds and Change is a Part of Practice. There were also three categories for support needed: Entering In, Ongoing Support and Making it a Better Place. Within each category, subcategories were identified. CONCLUSION Primary care registered nurses have a unique professional identity and practice. When entering the setting, nurses must acquire the skills and knowledge to ask the right questions and navigate the system to meet the diverse and complex needs of their patients. PCRNs recognize change is a part of practice and have ideas and visions for what the role of PCRNs could be. IMPLICATIONS FOR PROFESSION Recognizing the unique identity and practice of PCRNs is necessary to create an environment that leverages their skills and knowledge. IMPACT We identified key elements of PCRN identity and practice and the support necessary to meet their needs. Healthcare organizations must ensure nurses new to the practice setting receive training and support for their unique and essential role. Additionally, leaders must partner with nurses to enhance nursing practice and achieve optimal patient outcomes. REPORTING METHOD Adherence to COREQ guidelines were maintained. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Brzozowski
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- UW Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Barbara King
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Linsey M Steege
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Andersson A, Brink E, Young KH, Skyvell Nilsson M. Development and validation of experienced work-integrated learning instrument (E-WIL) using a sample of newly graduated registered nurses - A confirmatory factor analysis. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2023; 128:105889. [PMID: 37364414 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research indicates that newly graduated registered nurses struggle to develop practical skills and clinical understanding and to adapt to their professional role. To ensure quality of care and support new nurses, it is vital that this learning is elucidated and evaluated. Aim The aim was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument assessing work-integrated learning for newly graduated registered nurses, the Experienced Work-Integrated Learning (E-WIL) instrument. METHOD The study utilized the methodology of a survey and a cross-sectional research design. The sample consisted of newly graduated registered nurses (n = 221) working at hospitals in western Sweden. The E-WIL instrument was validated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS The majority of the study participants were female, the average age was 28 years, and participants had an average of five months' experience in the profession. The results confirmed the construct validity of the global latent variable E-WIL, "Transforming previous notions and new contextual knowledge into practical meaning," including six dimensions representing work-integrated learning. The factor loadings between the final 29 indicators and the six factors ranged from 0.30 to 0.89, and between the latent factor and the six factors from 0.64 to 0.79. The indices of fit indicated satisfactory goodness-of-fit and good reliability in five dimensions with values ranging from α = 0.70 to 0.81, except for one dimension showing a slightly lower reliability, α = 0.63, due to the low item number. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed two second-order latent variables, "Personal mastering of professional roles" with 18 indicators, and "Adapting to organisational requirements" with 11 indicators. Both showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit, and factor loading between indicators and the latent variables ranged from 0.44 to 0.90 and from 0.37 to 0.81, respectively. CONCLUSION The validity of the E-WIL instrument was confirmed. All three latent variables could be measured in their entirety, and all dimensions could be used separately for the assessment of work-integrated learning. The E-WIL instrument could be useful for healthcare organisations when the goal is to assess aspects of newly graduated registered nurses' learning and professional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andersson
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, SE-46132 Trollhättan, Sweden.
| | - Eva Brink
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, SE-46132 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Hansen Young
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, SE-46132 Trollhättan, Sweden; Department of Education and Special Education, Gothenburg University, Box 100, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Klenke-Borgmann L, DiGregorio H, Cantrell MA. Role Clarity and Interprofessional Colleagues in Psychological Safety: A Faculty Reflection. Simul Healthc 2023; 18:203-206. [PMID: 35439796 DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT Psychological safety in high-fidelity simulation-based experiences ensures that learners feel safe with new experiences in the service of learning. This article is a faculty reflection on breaches in the psychological safety among nursing students in 2 independent, high-fidelity simulation-based experience studies that were conducted in 2019. Demonstrated breaches in psychological safety included fear and anxiety in the sole provider role in multiple-patient simulations and incivility directed toward nursing students in a primary nurse role in interprofessional simulations. This article adds to the growing literature on psychological safety by sharing important lessons learned regarding role clarity and interprofessional colleagues, proposing recommendations, and providing suggestions for future research on psychological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Klenke-Borgmann
- From the University of Kansas (L.K.-B.), School of Nursing, Kansas City, KS; University of Delaware Health Sciences (H.D.), School of Nursing, Newark, DE; and Villanova University (M.A.C.), M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova, PA
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Baharum H, Ismail A, McKenna L, Mohamed Z, Ibrahim R, Hassan NH. Success factors in adaptation of newly graduated nurses: a scoping review. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:125. [PMID: 37069647 PMCID: PMC10111715 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulties in adapting to the workplace can affect newly graduated nurses' transition. Such nurses must adapt quickly, as it can affect their future career prospects. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the success factors that promote newly graduated nurses' effective transition and adaptation. METHODS The Joanna Briggs Institute scoping reviews methodology was used. Data were extracted from MEDLINE, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science publications published between 2011 and 2020. A total of 23 articles were included in this review, which comprised qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods primary research studies focusing on the contributing factors that aided newly graduated nurses' adaptation to the work environment during their transition period. Key emerging themes were identified with thematic analysis. RESULTS Three main themes were identified: (1) organisational contribution (social development, organisational culture, work characteristics, work readiness, work commitment, professional role), (2) personality traits (self-embodiment, personality masking, being proactive and confident), and (3) academic institutions (pre-entry knowledge and role of nursing faculty). Newly graduated nurses' adaptation should begin during nursing education, be supported by the workplace organisation, and driven by the nurse's personality. We determined that that the role of nursing education in aiding the provision of the required knowledge and actual clinical experiences to students profoundly affected developing nurses' self-confidence levels in delivering nursing care effectively. Additionally, a warm environment supported nurses emotionally and physically. CONCLUSIONS While organisations and educational institutions have undertaken numerous efforts to ensure that newly graduated nurses are adequately supported, the nurse's personality and values are also equally important to ease adaptation during the transition process. Academic and workplace programs designed for newly graduated nurses should apply and emphasise this knowledge to develop and strengthen their personalities and values, especially to increase confidence and promote proactive values that facilitate newly graduated nurses' rapid and effective adaptation to their new employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafidza Baharum
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aniza Ismail
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Lisa McKenna
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Zainah Mohamed
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roszita Ibrahim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Haty Hassan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hallaran AJ, Edge DS, Almost J, Tregunno D. New Nurses' Perceptions on Transition to Practice: A Thematic Analysis. Can J Nurs Res 2023; 55:126-136. [PMID: 35068206 PMCID: PMC9936430 DOI: 10.1177/08445621221074872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New nurses' transition to the workforce is often described as challenging and stressful. Concerns over this transition to practice are well documented, with the hypothesis that transition experiences influence the retention of new nurses in the workforce and profession. METHODS In a cross-sectional survey (N = 217) to assess new nurse transition in the province of Ontario, Canada, an open-ended item was included to solicit specific examples of the transition experience. The comments underwent thematic analysis to identify the facilitators and barriers of transition to practice for new nurses. RESULTS Comments were provided by 196 respondents. Three facilitator themes (supportive teams; feeling accepted, confident, and prepared; new graduate guarantee) and four barrier themes (feeling unprepared; discouraging realities and unsupportive cultures; lacking confidence/feeling unsure; false hope) to new nurse transition emerged. CONCLUSIONS Concerns of nursing shortages are heightened in the current COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing the priority of retaining new nurses in the workforce. The reported themes offer insight into the contribution of a supportive work environment to new nurses' transition. The recommendations focus on aspects of supportive environments and educational strategies, including final practicums, to assist nursing students' development of self-efficacy and preparation for the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Hallaran
- RN, PhD; Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada,Amy J Hallaran, RN, PhD; Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada.
| | - Dana S Edge
- RN, PhD; School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joan Almost
- RN, PhD; School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Deborah Tregunno
- RN, PhD; School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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15
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Carnesten H, Wiklund Gustin L, Skoglund K, von Heideken Wågert P. Caring through barriers-Newly graduated registered nurses' lived experiences in emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:2269-2279. [PMID: 36749551 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To illuminate the meaning of newly graduated registered nurses' experiences of caring for patients in emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A phenomenological hermeneutical study guided by Lindseth and Norberg. METHODS In-depth one-on-one interviews with 14 nurses from five hospitals were conducted from March to November 2020 and analysed using thematic analysis. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used as the reporting guideline. RESULTS The findings comprise one main theme Caring through barriers and three themes with sub-themes. In the first theme, having intention to care, participants revealed their dedication to care for patients during the pandemic despite extensive stress, little experience and skills. The second theme, with tied hands in human suffering, illuminates experiences of being disconnected from the patient, overwhelmed by responsibility and unable to relieve suffering. The third theme, feeling inadequate, reveals experiences of lack of support and doubts meaning less space to develop into the nurse one wants to be. CONCLUSION Findings reveal a new understanding of new nurses' experiences during times of crisis. The essence of caring in the emergency department during the pandemic can be explained as mediated through spatial, temporal and emotional barriers preventing new nurses from providing holistic care. IMPACT The results may be used as anticipatory guidance for new nurses and inform targeted support interventions to support new nurses entering the profession in crisis conditions. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study involved new nurses in semi-structured interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillewi Carnesten
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | - Lena Wiklund Gustin
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden.,Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Karin Skoglund
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
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Baharum H, Ismail A, Awang Z, McKenna L, Ibrahim R, Mohamed Z, Hassan NH. Validating an Instrument for Measuring Newly Graduated Nurses' Adaptation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2860. [PMID: 36833559 PMCID: PMC9957435 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A long-established approach, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is used to validate measurement models of latent constructs. Employing CFA can be useful for assessing the validity and reliability of such models. The study adapted previous instruments and modified them to suit the current setting. The new measurement model is termed NENA-q. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the instruments of the NENA-q model formed a construct of the second order with four dimensions, namely organizational contribution (OC), academic institution contribution (AIC), personality traits (PT), and newly employed nurses' adaptation (NENA). Researchers administered the questionnaires to a sample of 496 newly employed nurses working in hospitals under the Ministry of Health (MOH) for the confirmation of the extracted dimensions. The study performed a two-step CFA procedure to validate NENA-q since the model involves higher-order constructs. The first step was individual CFA, while the second step was pooled CFA. The validation procedure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) found the model achieved the threshold of construct validity through fitness index assessment. The model also achieved convergent validity when all average variance extracted (AVE) exceeded the threshold value of greater than 0.5. The assessment of the composite reliability (CR) value indicates all CR values exceeded the threshold value of 0.6, which indicates the construct achieved composite reliability. Overall, the NENA-q model consisting of the OC construct, AIC construct, PT construct, and NENA construct for CFA has met the fitness indexes and passed the measurements of the AVE, CR, and normality test. Once the measurement models have been validated through CFA procedure, the researcher can assemble these constructs into structural model and estimate the required parameter through structural equation modelling (SEM) procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafidza Baharum
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Aniza Ismail
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Zainudin Awang
- Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Lisa McKenna
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Roszita Ibrahim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Zainah Mohamed
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nor Haty Hassan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Blanco K, Ely E, DeAlmeida K, Bohr NL. Transitioning to Independent Nursing Practice during COVID-19: A Mixed Methods Study. West J Nurs Res 2022; 45:432-442. [PMID: 36529992 PMCID: PMC9768533 DOI: 10.1177/01939459221144178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges to onboard and support new graduate nurses (NGNs). This study sought to explore the perceptions of nurses entering clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using mixed methods, we investigated the experiences of NGNs entering the field during the pandemic and how a nurse residency program (NRP) adapted to meet their needs. Newly graduated nurses entering practice in November 2019 described their transition through nurse experience surveys and focus group discussions. Results from the quantitative data reported on compassion satisfaction, burnout, and exposure to secondary traumatic stress. The qualitative data mirrored these findings with the discovery of the following five themes: transitioning through an NRP, impact to nursing care, value of coworkers, coping, and professional growth. These findings illustrate the need to better support future practice transitions in times of disruption and change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicole L. Bohr
- UChicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,Nicole L. Bohr, UChicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland MC 1083, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Edlund K, Johansson F, Lindroth R, Bergman L, Sundberg T, Skillgate E. Body image and compulsive exercise: are there associations with depression among university students? Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2397-2405. [PMID: 35179726 PMCID: PMC9556381 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health problems among university students have been reported to be significantly increasing and suggested to be associated with college drop-out. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise are both constructs relevant for mental health problems in general and eating disorders in particular. This study examined associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive exercise and self-reported symptoms of depression among Swedish university students. METHODS Participants (n = 4262) are students in an ongoing cohort study, and data from the baseline assessment were used. Four linear regression models were built to explore the associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive weight control exercise and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Our findings showed that females reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction than males. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise were associated with self-reported symptoms of depression in this non-clinical population. Results showed that compulsive exercise was negatively associated with reported symptoms of depression, while body dissatisfaction was positively associated with symptoms of depression. CONCLUSION In line with previous research, there was a gender difference in body dissatisfaction where females displayed higher levels of dissatisfaction than males. Body dissatisfaction was positively associated with reported symptoms of depression, suggesting support of previous research indicating body dissatisfaction to increase mental health problems. Compulsive exercise was negatively associated with symptoms of depression suggesting a behavior negatively reinforced, supporting both constructs to be of interest for reported symptoms of depression in a non-clinical population of Swedish university students. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, cohort study. TRIAL REGISTRATION http://clinicaltrials.gov/ID : NCT04465435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edlund
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Sophiahemmet University, Sophiahemmet Högskola, Box 5605, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Fred Johansson
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Sophiahemmet University, Sophiahemmet Högskola, Box 5605, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Louise Bergman
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Sundberg
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Sophiahemmet University, Sophiahemmet Högskola, Box 5605, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Sophiahemmet University, Sophiahemmet Högskola, Box 5605, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Aparna S, Sahney S. Examining resilience: the role of creativity-oriented high-performance work practices and role clarity. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jocm-11-2021-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe paper aims to highlight the understated role of creativity in R&D organizations by exploring the effect of creativity-oriented high-performance work practices (CHPWPs) on resilience. The moderator effect of role clarity (RC) on the association between CHPWPs and resilience is examined.Design/methodology/approachThe study proposes a simple moderation model to understand the relationship, and specifically hierarchical regression analysis (SPSS 22.0) and SPSS PROCESS Macro has been used to test the hypotheses.FindingsFindings revealed that the implementation of CHPWPs would significantly improve resilience. The benefits of CHPWPs on resilience get compromised as the organizations lay stress on higher levels of RC.Practical implicationsIndian R&D organizations must emphasize upon enhancing resilience through a set of CHPWPs. Rather than laying greater stress on RC, these organizations should build a creative climate characterized by experimentation, freedom and a free flow of ideas.Originality/valueThe current study makes a valuable contribution by highlighting the importance of creativity and resilience in organizations. Although conceptual studies highlight the importance of creativity in R&D organizations, this has been was greatly neglected. The current study adds value to the existing literature by deepening the authors’ understanding of the role of CHPWPs in enhancing resilience, the latter being a subject of huge focus of organizations during the pandemic.
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20
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The Role of the Work Environment in the Relationship Between Shiftwork and Sickness Absence. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:e509-e520. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Frögéli E, Annell S, Rudman A, Inzunza M, Gustavsson P. The Importance of Effective Organizational Socialization for Preventing Stress, Strain, and Early Career Burnout: An Intensive Longitudinal Study of New Professionals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127356. [PMID: 35742604 PMCID: PMC9223542 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Burnout was originally conceptualized based on experiences of new professionals. Role clarity, task mastery, and social acceptance are recognized as key resources enabling new professionals' management of the challenges of the new profession. However, relations between these resources and stress, strain, and burnout have not yet been thoroughly investigated at professional entry. Increased understanding of these relations could have implications for strategies to prevent burnout. The aim of the study was to investigate within- and between-individual effects over the first months and relations to burnout at one-year post-entry. Data (n = 322) was collected weekly over the first 13 weeks and again 9 months later. Relationships were modelled using a multilevel regression model and correlation analysis. Results showed that on weeks when participants experienced higher role clarity, task mastery, and social acceptance, they reported significantly less stress, and that participants who experienced higher levels of the resources in general, reported significantly less strain. Levels of the resources at three months were related to symptoms of burnout at 12 months. The study findings provide support of the role of task mastery, role clarity, and social acceptance as resources buffering the impact of demands at professional entry on experiences of stress, strain, and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Frögéli
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.R.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefan Annell
- Department of Leadership and Command & Control, Swedish Defence University, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.R.); (P.G.)
- Department of Caring Sciences, School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, 79131 Falun, Sweden
| | - Miguel Inzunza
- Police Education and Research Unit, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Petter Gustavsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.R.); (P.G.)
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Carnesten H, Wiklund Gustin L, Skoglund K, Von Heideken Wågert P. Battling extraordinary situations and conflicting emotions-A qualitative study of being a newly graduated Registered Nurse in the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Open 2022; 9:2370-2380. [PMID: 35633153 PMCID: PMC9348284 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To describe newly graduated registered nurses’ (NGRNs’) experiences of encountering stress in emergency departments (EDs) during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design A qualitative descriptive study. Methods Data from 14 in‐depth interviews with NGRNs working in an ED for 3‐36 months after graduation was analysed by the means of qualitative content analysis as described by Graneheim and Lundman. Interviews were conducted from March to November 2020 covering the first two waves of the pandemic. Results Data revealed three categories and nine subcategories comprised in the theme Battling extraordinary situations and conflicting emotions. Empowered by acknowledging themselves as important caregivers during the pandemic NGRNs struggle against limitations and exert themselves beyond their known limit. External stressors due to work overload in combination with understaffing force NGRNs into the role of the experienced nurse prematurely and internal stressors derives from part taking in less qualitative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillewi Carnesten
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Lena Wiklund Gustin
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Västerås, Sweden.,Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Karin Skoglund
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Västerås, Sweden
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Orgambídez A, Almeida H, Borrego Y. Social support and job satisfaction in nursing staff: Understanding the link through role ambiguity. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:2937-2944. [PMID: 35560750 PMCID: PMC10084332 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to analyze the mediator effect of role ambiguity between social support from supervisor and colleagues and job satisfaction in Portuguese nursing staff. BACKGROUND Few studies have analyzed the processes through which social support increases job satisfaction in the nursing context. DESIGN A cross-sectional design using questionnaires. METHOD A total of 124 registered nurses and 130 certified nursing assistants participated in the study. Mediation analysis was performed by calculating Percentile confidence intervals (10,000 resamples). RESULTS Mediation analysis revealed a partial mediation between social support and job satisfaction through role ambiguity. The direct effect was greater in the case of supervisor support. CONCLUSIONS Social support is a crucial resource in the nursing work context with a beneficial effect on well-being (e.g. reducing role stress) and job satisfaction. Implications for Nursing Management Managers of hospitals and health units can establish the organizational bases to facilitate this process, considering the importance of the role of the supervisors and colleagues in the provision of high levels of instrumental and socio-emotional support.
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Edlund K, Sundberg T, Johansson F, Onell C, Rudman A, Holm LW, Grotle M, Jensen I, Côté P, Skillgate E. Sustainable UNiversity Life (SUN) study: protocol for a prospective cohort study of modifiable risk and prognostic factors for mental health problems and musculoskeletal pain among university students. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056489. [PMID: 35379630 PMCID: PMC8980731 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health problems and musculoskeletal pain are common health problems among young adults including students. Little is known about the aetiology and prognosis of these problems in university students. We aim to determine the role of personal, sociodemographic, academic and environmental factors for risk and prognosis of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress as well as musculoskeletal pain in university students. The constructs that will be studied are based on the biopsychosocial model and psychopathology associated with disabling pain. This model acknowledges illness to consist of interrelated mechanisms categorised into biological, psychological, environmental and social cues. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This cohort study aims to recruit around 5000 Swedish full-time students. Data will be collected using five online surveys during one academic year. A subgroup (n=1851) of the cohort, recruited before the COVID-19 pandemic, receive weekly text messages with three short questions assessing mood, worry and pain, sent through the web-based platform SMS-track . Statistical analyses will include Kaplan-Meier estimates, Cox regression analyses, multinomial logistic regression analyses and generalised estimating equations. We will assess effect measure modification when relevant and conduct sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of lost to follow-up. PROTOCOL AMENDMENTS Due to opportunity and timing of the study, with relevance to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study further aims to address mental health problems, musculoskeletal pain and lifestyle in university students before and during the pandemic. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Sustainable UNiversity Life study was approved by the Swedish ethics authority (2019-03276; 2020-01449). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed research papers, reports, research conferences, student theses and stakeholder communications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04465435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edlund
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Sundberg
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fred Johansson
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clara Onell
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Lena W Holm
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margreth Grotle
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irene Jensen
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pierre Côté
- Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (Formi), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Intervention Research on Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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The Experiences and Perceptions of Newly Qualified Nurses in the UK: An Integrative Literature Review. Nurse Educ Pract 2022; 62:103338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Singh L, Kanstrup M, Gamble B, Geranmayeh A, Göransson KE, Rudman A, Dahl O, Lindström V, Hörberg A, Holmes EA, Moulds ML. A first remotely-delivered guided brief intervention to reduce intrusive memories of psychological trauma for healthcare staff working during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 26:100884. [PMID: 35036626 PMCID: PMC8752164 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Addressing the mental health needs of healthcare staff exposed to psychologically traumatic events at work during the COVID-19 pandemic is a pressing global priority. We need to swiftly develop interventions to target the psychological consequences (e.g., persistent intrusive memories of trauma). Interventions for healthcare staff must be brief, flexible, fitted around the reality and demands of working life under the pandemic, and repeatable during ongoing/further trauma exposure. Intervention delivery during the pandemic should be remote to mitigate risk of infection; e.g., here using a blend of digitalized self-administered materials (e.g., video instructions) and guided (remote) support from a researcher. This parallel groups, two-arm, randomised controlled trial (RCT) with healthcare staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic is the first evaluation of whether a digitalized form of a brief cognitive task intervention, which is remotely-delivered (guided), reduces intrusive memories. Healthcare staff who experience intrusive memories of work-related traumatic event(s) during the COVID-19 pandemic (≥2 in the week before inclusion) will be randomly allocated (1:1) to receive either the cognitive task intervention or an active (attention placebo) control, and followed up at 1-week, 1-month, 3-months, and 6-months post-intervention. The primary outcome will be the number of intrusive memories reported during Week 5; secondary and other outcomes include the number of intrusive memories reported during Week 1, and other intrusive symptoms. Findings will inform further development and dissemination of a brief cognitive task intervention to target intrusive memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Singh
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Kanstrup
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Functional Area Medical Psychology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beau Gamble
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anahita Geranmayeh
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina E Göransson
- Emergency and Reparative Medicine Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Ann Rudman
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Oili Dahl
- Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Veronica Lindström
- Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department for Health Promoting Science Sophiahemmet University Stockholm, Sweden.,Samariten, Ambulance Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Hörberg
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Emily A Holmes
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michelle L Moulds
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Australia
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27
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Li X, Hu C, Meng A, Guo Y, Chen Y, Dang R. Heart rate variability and heart rate monitoring of nurses using PPG and ECG signals during working condition: A pilot study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e477. [PMID: 35229043 PMCID: PMC8865060 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) technology for estimating heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) in the health care system is gaining attention in recent years. However, the performance of these devices remains questionable in their ability to collect data in real working conditions for long-term monitoring. The present study aimed to examine the data collected from nurses during working hours by PPG and electrocardiography (ECG) devices. Twenty-two nurses underwent a 60-minute work protocol during the normal working conditions while wearing a PPG device and an ECG device. HR, low-frequency component (LF) and high-frequency component (HF), LF/HF ratio, and percent LF distribution in total spectral power, and steps were examined. Pearson's correlation analysis and Bland-Altman method was performed to examine the relationships between the two devices based on HR and HRV indices. The results found strong positive correlations between HR estimates of both devices, and moderate correlations between LF/HF ratio and percent LF indices estimates, respectively. Moreover, the Bland-Altman analysis showed a small mean bias in general between the captured data of both devices. This pilot study suggested that the PPG device appears to demonstrate good overall reliability in measuring HR, LF/HF ratio, and percent LF. A further large-scale study is required to investigate the feasibility and practicality for HR and HRV analysis in nurses during real working conditions using PPG devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxia Li
- Nursing DepartmentThe Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Chenghong Hu
- Graduate School of Human Development and EnvironmentKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Airong Meng
- The Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Yanmei Guo
- The Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Yang Chen
- The Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Rongqing Dang
- Nursing DepartmentThe Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
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28
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Coxen L, van der Vaart L, Van den Broeck A, Rothmann S. Basic Psychological Needs in the Work Context: A Systematic Literature Review of Diary Studies. Front Psychol 2021; 12:698526. [PMID: 34733198 PMCID: PMC8558380 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the self-determination theory, individuals' basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness should be satisfied for optimal psychological growth. The satisfaction of these needs seems to vary due to changes in a person's social context, and the outcomes of the satisfaction of these needs also vary along with the needs. Despite several studies investigating daily and weekly variations in need satisfaction and its correlates, no systematic investigation exists. This study aimed to conduct a narrative synthesis of existing quantitative diary studies of basic psychological needs in the work context. We specifically aimed to evaluate if psychological need satisfaction varies daily and weekly and judge whether they vary more daily or weekly. Additionally, we also aimed to review the literature regarding the relations between daily or weekly variations in need satisfaction and its assumed antecedents and outcomes. We included peer-reviewed articles in English that measured work-related basic psychological needs using a quantitative diary study design. Database searching (Web of Science, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, and Scopus) led to the extraction of 2 251 records by February 2020. Duplicates were removed, the remaining records were screened (n = 820), and 30 articles were assessed using eligibility criteria. Two authors individually conducted the screening and eligibility processes to manage selection bias. In total, 21 articles were included in the final review. The review indicated that basic psychological need satisfaction showed considerable within-person variation and was more dynamic daily (compared to weekly). Job demands, job resources, organisational resources, and individual characteristics appeared to associate with these variations. The organisational context seemed to matter the most for need satisfaction. Variations in need satisfaction were also related to employee well-being, performance, and motivation. Despite the small number of published studies (particularly for weekly studies), our results indicate that researchers should pay attention to within-person variations in need satisfaction. Measuring daily need satisfaction could be prioritised. Different antecedents and outcomes seem to be associated with different needs. Thus, when needs are viewed as distinct constructs instead of unidimensional ones, one can derive greater insights. The study is funded by the National Research Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynelle Coxen
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Leoni van der Vaart
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Anja Van den Broeck
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Department of Work and Organisation Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Saleem F, Malik MI, Qureshi SS, Farid MF, Qamar S. Technostress and Employee Performance Nexus During COVID-19: Training and Creative Self-Efficacy as Moderators. Front Psychol 2021; 12:595119. [PMID: 34721124 PMCID: PMC8555488 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.595119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Technostress, a stressor, has implications for employee’s psychological states; however, flexibility like work from home can have positive outcomes, especially for instructors who have to teach and ensure social distance during COVID-19. The present study examined the relationship of technostress and employee performance while taking training and creative self-efficacy as boundary conditions. A sample of 222 university instructors, who worked from home or hybrid (home and workplace) during COVID-19 lockdown, was selected from Pakistan. The responses were recorded using a closed-ended questionnaire. Stepwise linear regression and PROCESS Macro by Hayes (2013) was used to analyze the data. It was revealed that technostress, instead of having adverse effects, had a positive effect on employee’s performance and both training and one’s creative self-efficacy significantly moderated the relationship. As the main finding, it was revealed that the employees continued to perform well despite the prevalence of technostress. The training and one’s creative self-efficacy were useful to control the technostress and maintain the performance of instructors during COVID-19. The university administrators and employees must take technology as a positive tool for performance. The training, along with creative self-efficacy, adds to the working capacity of employees and enhances their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Saleem
- Department of Management, College of Business Administration, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Malik
- Department of Management Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Saddiqa Qureshi
- Department of Business Administration, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sabeen Qamar
- Institute of Education and Research (IER), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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30
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Kaihlanen AM, Gluschkoff K, Laukka E, Heponiemi T. The information system stress, informatics competence and well-being of newly graduated and experienced nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1096. [PMID: 34654427 PMCID: PMC8518282 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of information systems takes up a significant amount of nurses' daily working time. Increased use of the systems requires nurses to have adequate competence in nursing informatics and is known to be a potential source of stress. However, little is known about the role of nursing informatics competence and stress related to information systems (SRIS) in the well-being of nurses. Moreover, the potential impact of nurses' career stage on this matter is unknown. This study examined whether SRIS and nursing informatics competence are associated with stress and psychological distress in newly graduated nurses (NGNs) and experienced nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Finland between October and December 2018. The participants were NGNs (n = 712) with less than two years of work experience and experienced nurses (n = 1226) with more than two years of work experience. The associations of nursing informatics and SRIS with nurses' stress and psychological distress were analyzed with linear regression analysis. Analyses were conducted separately for NGNs and experienced nurses. Models were adjusted for age, gender, and work environment. RESULTS SRIS was associated with stress / psychological distress for both NGNs (β = 0.26 p < 0.001 / β = 0.22 p < 0.001) and experienced nurses (β = 0.21 p < 0.001/ β = 0.12 p < 0.001). Higher nursing informatics competence was associated with lower stress (β = 0.20 p < 0.001) and psychological distress (β = 0.16 p < 0.001) in NGNs, but not among experienced nurses. CONCLUSIONS SRIS appears to be an equal source of stress and distress for nurses who are starting their careers and for more experienced nurses, who are also likely to be more experienced users of information systems. However, informatics competence played a more important role among NGNs and a lack of adequate competence seems to add to the strain that is already known to be high in the early stages of a career. It would be important for educational institutions to invest in nursing informatics so that new nurses entering the workforce have sufficient skills to work in increasingly digital health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu-Marja Kaihlanen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kia Gluschkoff
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Laukka
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Heponiemi
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
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31
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Jarden RJ, Jarden A, Weiland TJ, Taylor G, Bujalka H, Brockenshire N, Gerdtz MF. New graduate nurse wellbeing, work wellbeing and mental health: A quantitative systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 121:103997. [PMID: 34218048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of work to positive mental health is increasingly apparent. Transition into the workplace causes a range of stressors for new graduate nurses who experience both psychological wellbeing and illbeing in their first year of practice. OBJECTIVE To determine published prevalence, predictors, barriers and enablers of new graduate registered nurse wellbeing, work wellbeing and mental health. DESIGN Systematic review of quantitative research. DATA SOURCES Databases included Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica database, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and Psychological Information. Quantitative and mixed-methods studies were considered for inclusion if published in English from 2009 to 2019 reporting primary data analysis including new graduate nurses' wellbeing, work wellbeing and mental health. REVIEW METHODS Quantitative studies were systematically identified then screened and appraised against pre-determined inclusion criteria. Analysis was conducted by grouping according to analytical methods and results reported as a narrative synthesis. RESULTS Thirty-four studies were included. The quality of the evidence was variable with just a quarter of the studies being assessed as meeting the quality criteria on all nine measures. For the new graduate nurses prevalence of wellbeing, levels of resilience, optimism, and hope were found to be high. For work wellbeing, most reported higher job satisfaction by 12-months. For work illbeing, levels of burnout were moderately high, predominantly in terms of emotional exhaustion, and stress was initially high, particularly in terms of workload, but decreased over time. For the predictors, job satisfaction was positively predicted by structural empowerment and career satisfaction, and negatively predicted by co-worker incivility, supervisor incivility and emotional exhaustion. For work illbeing, stress was a positive predictor for intent to leave. Stress reductions were associated with momentary levels of high task mastery, social acceptance and role clarity. CONCLUSIONS For new graduate nurses, levels of emotional exhaustion, workload and stress were moderately high to high initially, decreasing over time as the graduate nurses' job satisfaction increased. Most studies focused on the nurses' intent to resign or stay and both psychological capital and work engagement positively predicted intent to stay whereas work stress positively predicted intent to resign. Resilience and group cohesion moderated the negative effects of some variables, thus may be potential enablers of work wellbeing. The standards of research reporting or design were generally sub-optimal according to quality indicators. Systematic review registration number: (CRD42020148812).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Jarden
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.
| | - Aaron Jarden
- Centre for Positive Psychology, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne, Kwong Lee Dow Building, 234 Queensberry Street, Parkville VIC, Melbourne 3053, Australia.
| | - Tracey J Weiland
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton VIC, Melbourne 3053, Australia.
| | - Glenn Taylor
- Nursing and Midwifery Health Program, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Helena Bujalka
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.
| | - Naomi Brockenshire
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.
| | - Marie F Gerdtz
- Professor and Head of Department, Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.
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32
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Newnam S, Stephens A, Muir C, Bruce S, Austin T, Mazzeo T. Safety outcomes for incident responders operating on high speed roads: An analysis of the relationship with behaviour, motivation and role clarity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247095. [PMID: 33657171 PMCID: PMC7928505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
High-speed roads present a considerable level of risk for frontline workers operating in these environments. To optimise safety, prevention activities need to target the key skills required to mitigate risk. The aim of this research was to explore the behavioural (compliance, participation, voice), motivational (safety motivation) and work demand (role clarity) factors that influence safety outcomes for incident responders working on high-speed roads. Safety outcomes included secondary incidents and near misses with passing vehicles. A total of 295 complete survey responses were received from six emergency service and incident response agencies in one Australian state. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that higher levels of safety voice, safety motivation and, role clarity were significantly associated with safer self-reported safety outcomes after controlling for the number of incidents attended. The findings from this study will be used to guide the development of a training program to improve the cognitive, behavioural and perceptual skills of incident responders operating on high-speed roads. Some insight into the structure and format of this program is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Newnam
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Amanda Stephens
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Carlyn Muir
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon Bruce
- Holmesglen Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim Austin
- Visual Learning Design, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Mazzeo
- Broadspectrum, Transport ANZ, Victoria, Australia
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33
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Schéle I, Olby M, Wallin H, Holmquist S. Self-Efficacy, Psychological Flexibility, and Basic Needs Satisfaction Make a Difference: Recently Graduated Psychologists at Increased or Decreased Risk for Future Health Issues. Front Psychol 2021; 11:569605. [PMID: 33519582 PMCID: PMC7838082 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition from university to working life appears a critical period impacting human service workers’ long-term health. More research is needed on how psychological factors affect the risk. We aimed to investigate how subgroups, based on self-efficacy, psychological flexibility, and basic psychological needs satisfaction ratings, differed on self-rated health, wellbeing, and intention to leave. A postal survey was sent to 1,077 recently graduated psychologists in Sweden (≤3 years from graduation), response rate 57.5%, and final sample 532 (75% women and 23% men). A hierarchical cluster analysis resulted in a satisfactory eight-cluster solution. We identified two at-risk subgroups, displaying the lowest scores on health and wellbeing, and one potential low-risk subgroup with the highest ratings on said variables. The “Low risk?” group rated high on all three psychological constructs, a positive transition to working life, a work environment where resources balanced relatively high emotional demands, good health, and wellbeing. Almost the complete opposite ratings characterized the potential risk groups. “Quitting?” scored significantly higher than “Getting sick?” on self-efficacy and psychological flexibility as well as actively seeking new employment and reporting daily thoughts on leaving the profession. We suggest that a combination of low self-efficacy and psychological flexibility could increase the risk of individuals staying despite suboptimal working conditions. With combined higher self-efficacy and psychological flexibility, individuals in similar circumstances appear more inclined to quit. We conclude that the ways recently graduated psychologists rate their self-efficacy, psychological flexibility, and basic needs satisfaction appear to be reflected in their self-rated health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Schéle
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sofie Holmquist
- Department of Applied Educational Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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34
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Voldbjerg SL, Wiechula R, Sørensen EE, Grønkjaer M. Newly graduated nurses' socialisation resulting in limiting inquiry and one-sided use of knowledge sources-An ethnographic study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 30:701-711. [PMID: 33290615 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore how the socialisation into the clinical setting and interaction between newly graduated nurses and experienced nurses influences the new graduates' use of knowledge sources. BACKGROUND Newly graduated nurses' use of knowledge sources in decision-making has been subject to an increased interest in relation to evidence-based practice. Despite interventions to strengthen nurses' competencies required for making reflective clinical decisions within an evidence-based practice, studies highlight that new graduates only draw on knowledge from research, patients and other components within evidence-based practice to a limited extent. Research exploring new graduates' use of knowledge sources calls attention to the experienced nurses' decisive role as a valued knowledge source. The new graduates' process of socialisation and their interaction with the experienced nurse raises further questions. METHODS Ethnography using participant-observation and individual semi-structured interviews of nine newly graduated nurses from a University Hospital in Denmark. Data were collected in 2014. The study adheres to COREQ. RESULTS Two main structures were found: "Striving for acknowledgment" and "Unintentionally suppressed inquiry." CONCLUSIONS New graduates are socialised into limiting their inquiry on clinical practice and unintentionally being restricted to using the experienced nurse as predominant knowledge source. Depending on how the experienced nurse responds to the role as predominant knowledge source, they could either limit or nurture the new graduates' inquiry into practice and thus the variety of knowledge sources used in clinical decision-making. Limited inquiry into the complexity of nursing practice indirectly excludes the use of a variety of knowledge sources, which are fundamental to an evidence-based practice. RELEVANCE If clinical practice wishes to benefit from the newly graduated nurses' inquiring approach and skills within evidence-based practice, clinical practice will have to greet the nurses with a supportive culture where questioning practice is seen as a strength rather than a sign of insecurity and incompetence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Lygum Voldbjerg
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,School of Nursing, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark.,Adelaide Nursing School, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rick Wiechula
- Adelaide Nursing School, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia, A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Master in Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erik Elgaard Sørensen
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Mette Grønkjaer
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
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35
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Towsen T, Stander MW, van der Vaart L. The Relationship Between Authentic Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, Role Clarity, and Work Engagement: Evidence From South Africa. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1973. [PMID: 33013506 PMCID: PMC7461902 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Employees in the mining sector are faced with a demanding work environment due to external challenges impacting on the organization. Optimizing their engagement is vital in weathering a demanding environment. The aim of this study was to (a) position authentic leadership (AL) and psychological empowerment (PE) as enablers of work engagement (WE); (b) to investigate the processes (i.e., PE) through which AL exerts its effect on WE, and (c) to determine whether contextual factors [i.e., role clarity (RC)] influenced this process. A cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data from 236 employees employed by a coal-mining organization within South Africa. The AL inventory, PE questionnaire, measures of role conflict and ambiguity questionnaire, and UWES-9 was administered to collect data. A moderated-mediation investigation was employed to test the hypotheses. Results supported the value of AL to enhance WE, both directly and indirectly via PE. Results also concluded that AL exerts its influence on WE through PE, regardless of employees’ levels of RC. AL literature is limited, not only in the South African context but also in the mining sector. The study not only extends AL literature by investigating its outcomes in a South African mining organization, but it also does so by investigating the boundary conditions under which AL exerts its influence. The boundaries (i.e., moderation) within which leadership-subordinate relationships (i.e. mediation) function are often neglected in favor of simplified investigations of mediation processes only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasmin Towsen
- Optentia Research Focus Area, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Marius Wilhelm Stander
- Optentia Research Focus Area, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Leoni van der Vaart
- Optentia Research Focus Area, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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36
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Brown J, Kelly MA, McGough S, Fagence A, Bosco AM, Mason J, Albrecht MA. The Impact of Simulation on Graduate Entry Master's Students' Confidence to Provide Safe Patient Care: A Longitudinal Study. Clin Simul Nurs 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Orgambídez A, Almeida H. Exploring the link between structural empowerment and job satisfaction through the mediating effect of role stress: A cross-sectional questionnaire study. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 109:103672. [PMID: 32569828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role stress (ambiguity and conflict) is a major psychosocial risk at work negatively associated with job satisfaction in the nursing context. According to Kanter's empowerment theory, high levels of structural empowerment reduce role stress, so role ambiguity and conflict could be potential mediators of the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between structural empowerment, role stress (ambiguity and conflict), and job satisfaction, assuming the mediating role of role stress on the relationship between structural empowerment and job satisfaction. DESIGN A cross-sectional design was utilized, using questionnaires for data collection and convenience sampling. SETTING(S) Private health care organizations in southern Portugal. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and twenty-four registered nurses (sample 1) and one hundred and thirty certified nursing assistants (sample 2) completed self-report measures of structural empowerment, role stress, and job satisfaction. METHODS Mediation analysis was performed using linear regression models and the bootstrapping method. Bias-Corrected confidence intervals (95%) were calculated for the study of direct and indirect effects. RESULTS In both samples, structural empowerment, role ambiguity, and role conflict were significant predictors of job satisfaction. Both ambiguity and role conflict partially mediated the effect of structural empowerment on job satisfaction. The effect mediated by ambiguity was greater than the effect mediated by role conflict in both registered nurses and certified nursing assistants. CONCLUSIONS Two processes could explain the effect of structural empowerment on job satisfaction in the nursing context: a direct effect generating experiences and perceptions of power in professionals; and an indirect effect reducing role stress levels in the workplace. The creation of empowering workplaces which clarify work roles and functions of nursing staff should be a priority issue for health managers and nurse executives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Almeida
- University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, s/n. 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Kelly M, Lapkin S, McGrath B, Holloway K, Nielsen A, Stoyles S, Campbell M, Dieckmann NF, Lasater K. A Blended Learning Activity to Model Clinical Judgment in Practice: A Multisite Evaluation. Clin Simul Nurs 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Orgambídez A, Almeida H. Social support, role clarity and job satisfaction: a successful combination for nurses. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 67:380-386. [PMID: 32436283 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the moderating effect of role clarity on the relationship between social support (supervisor and colleagues) and job satisfaction. BACKGROUND The social support of supervisors and co-workers and the clarity of roles are important antecedents of job satisfaction. According to the Conservation of Resources theory, the interaction of the instrumental nature of role clarity and social support would result in higher levels of job satisfaction in nursing. METHODS Through a convenience sample, a final sample of 191 participants (64.92% registered nurses, 35.08% nursing assistants) was obtained from a private hospital complex in Portugal. Hierarchical linear regression models were carried out to check the moderating function of role clarity. RESULTS Regression models showed the moderating effect of role clarity. Nursing staff with high social support from their supervisors and peers showed higher scores in job satisfaction when role clarity was high. CONCLUSION An adequate description of roles, through clear and detailed information regarding expected functions, responsibilities and behaviour, allows the effect of social support from supervisors and co-workers on job satisfaction to be stronger. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Strategies such as defining responsibilities, setting clear expectations and role analysis allow a reduction in sources of uncertainty in jobs. Training in communication and feedback skills would improve the social support given by supervisors and colleagues. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY Hospital boards and nurse managers should be aware of the importance of clarifying roles, responsibilities, and functions of each professional category and hierarchical level for the provision of adequate quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Orgambídez
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Social Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Helena Almeida
- Faculty of Economics, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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Hägg-Martinell A, Tegnestedt C, Larsen J. Nurse Students' Thoughts on a Sustainable Professional Life as Nurses: A Qualitative Study. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2020; 11:295-303. [PMID: 32346320 PMCID: PMC7167258 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s245877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a global context of an increasing and aging population, along with environmental changes, nurses play an important role in relieving suffering among vulnerable people and groups in society. Sustainability in nursing contributes to sustainable development through providing an environment that is not detrimental to/protects present and future generations' opportunities for good health. There is a global shortage of nurses, and it has been shown that, locally, every fifth newly graduated nurse considers leaving their new profession five years after graduation. The aim was to describe how nursing students' thought about a sustainable professional life as nurses before their graduation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A qualitative design with a written data set was used, and a thematic analysis was performed. One hundred five students (80 women and 25 men) in semester six out of six of the nursing education program participated. RESULTS The analysis resulted in three themes: 1) to have an ethical foundation that guides the individual nurse in protecting the nursing care and developing the nursing care for their patients; 2) to be in a listening, reflexive and supportive workplace enabling a professional nurse to continuously grow and learn and 3) to be a proud professional nurse with integrity, not risking with their own health or personal professional development. CONCLUSION The nursing students describe their thoughts on the requirements for having a sustainable professional life as nurses as having a strong inner ethical compass to help guide, protect and develop the nursing care for the patients. In addition, it requires a workplace with a reflexive and supporting culture. However, the nursing students also put their own health and the opportunities for professional growth at the top of their priorities, and if these conditions are lacking, they will switch to another workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hägg-Martinell
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Joacim Larsen
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, Huddinge, Sweden
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Kerin Ú. Professional socialisation processes help facilitate the transition from student to qualified nurse. Evid Based Nurs 2020; 23:47. [PMID: 31345932 DOI: 10.1136/ebnurs-2019-103078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Úna Kerin
- Adult Nursing, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
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Wang L, Wang H, Shao S, Jia G, Xiang J. Job Burnout on Subjective Well-Being Among Chinese Female Doctors: The Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support. Front Psychol 2020; 11:435. [PMID: 32296364 PMCID: PMC7138424 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All doctors face challenges and pressures that can lead to job burnout. The dual pressures of work and family make female doctors less happy and more likely to experience burnout, but few studies have focused on female doctors. In this study we explore the influence of job burnout on female clinical doctors' subjective wellbeing and the moderating role of perceived social support. A casual comparative study design was used for this research. Three self-reporting scales (Maslach Burnout Inventory, Perceived Social Support Scale and Subjective Wellbeing Scale) were distributed to participants, who were selected through random sampling. Participants consisted of 120 female and 120 male doctors from a hospital of Yantai City. Female doctors scored significantly higher than male doctors in the emotional exhaustion dimension (p < 0.01), and female doctors' subjective wellbeing was lower than that of male doctors (p < 0.01). The three dimensions of job burnout and subjective wellbeing exhibited significant negative correlations, and a positive relationship was found between perceived social support and subjective wellbeing in female doctors (p < 0.01). Perceived social support, especially from family, played a moderating role between emotional exhaustion and subjective wellbeing, and the moderating effect was significant (p < 0.01). A significant difference was observed between male and female doctors; female doctors experienced more emotional exhaustion and lower subjective wellbeing than male doctors. Improving perceived social support could reduce burnout and enhance subjective wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Education Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Department of Applied Psychology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Department of Education Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuhong Shao
- Department of Applied Psychology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Gaizhen Jia
- Department of Applied Psychology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jing Xiang
- Department of Applied Psychology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Arnold M, Rigotti T. Is it Getting Better or Worse? Health‐Oriented Leadership and Psychological Capital as Resources for Sustained Health in Newcomers. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz Germany
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Chang IC, Cheng WC, Kung WC. A Stress Relief App Intervention for Newly Employed Nursing Staff: Quasi-Experimental Design. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e15785. [PMID: 31850848 PMCID: PMC6939249 DOI: 10.2196/15785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most newly employed nurses have limited practical experience, lack problem-solving abilities, and have low resistance to stress, and therefore often opt to resign from the nursing profession. Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a stress relief app (SR_APP) to monitor the stress levels of newly employed nurses. Methods We conducted a quasi-experiment to assess changes in stress levels of newly employed nurses at a case hospital, in which the experimental group used the SR_APP and the control group did not. In-depth interviews were conducted to reveal insights regarding their stress. The app usage experiences of experimental group members were assessed via a questionnaire. Results All the participants appreciated the experiment and were interested to know more about managing their stress. The experimental group members showed significant differences in heart rate variability scores before and after using the SR_APP, and they reported high levels of intention to use and satisfaction with regard to the SR_APP. Conclusions The SR_APP can be effective in helping newly employed nurses to manage their stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chiu Chang
- Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Cheng
- Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.,Information Technology Office, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Kung
- Nursing Department, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
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Analysis of the Risk and Protective Roles of Work-Related and Individual Variables in Burnout Syndrome in Nurses. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11205745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Burnout syndrome is a phenomenon that is becoming ever more widespread, especially in workers such as nurses who have heavy workloads and time pressures. The progression of burnout syndrome has been shown to be related to both individual and work-related variables. The objective of this study is to examine the risk and protective roles played by work-related and personal variables, both sociodemographic and psychological, in the development of burnout in nurses. Method: The sample was composed of 1236 nurses aged between 21 and 57 years, with a mean age of 31.50 years (SD = 6.18). Women accounted for 84.5% (n = 1044), and the remaining 15.5% (n = 192) were men. Exploratory tests were performed to understand the relationships between burnout and other variables, and a binary logistic regression was conducted to understand the roles of these variables in the incidence of this syndrome. Lastly, a regression tree was constructed. Results: The results show that the sociodemographic variables examined are not related to the level of burnout in nurses. However, certain work-related variables, such as spending more time with colleagues and patients and reporting good-quality relationships, exhibit a negative relationship with the occurrence of burnout. Of the psychological variables, the stress factors conflict-social acceptance and irritability-tension-fatigue, as well as informative communication, are shown to be risk factors for the appearance of burnout in nurses. In contrast, the communication skills factor, empathy, and energy-joy exert a protective function. Conclusion: Identifying the variables that influence the occurrence of burnout syndrome and understanding the manner in which they exert their influence are key elements in the development of effective prevention and intervention of burnout in nursing.
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Frögli E, Rudman A, Lövgren M, Gustavsson P. Problems with task mastery, social acceptance, and role clarity explain nurses' symptoms of burnout during the first professional years: A longitudinal study. Work 2019; 62:573-584. [PMID: 31104043 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms of burnout among new professionals is a well-recognized problem but there is a lack of prevention programs. Effective interventions are based on an understanding of the processes that contribute to the development of a problem and suggest how it may be addressed. OBJECTIVE Using the framework of organizational socialization, the objective of this study was to investigate if development of the socialization processes role clarity, social acceptance, and task mastery affects development of symptoms of burnout among new professionals and may specifically be targeted in transition-to-practice programs to prevent symptoms of burnout from occurring. We conducted this investigation by examining the relations between role clarity, social acceptance, task mastery, and symptoms of burnout the first year after professional entry, as well as the relations between changes in the socialization processes and changes in symptoms of burnout during the first three years following professional entry in a sample of new nurses. METHOD Relationships between the socialization processes and symptoms of burnout were modeled using a linear latent growth model and data from a nationally representative sample of 1210 new registered nurses. RESULTS Role clarity, social acceptance, and task mastery were related to symptoms of burnout cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Task mastery was the most important explanatory variable. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that an intervention designed to support the development of the socialization processes may be effective in preventing symptoms of burnout among new nurses. Interventions targeting role clarity, social acceptance, and task mastery during the first professional year may be expected to have effects during the following years as well, extending the value and importance of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Frögli
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Lövgren
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Palliative Research Center, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Gustavsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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