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Zhang J, Liu S, Ding W, Wan J, Qin JJ, Wang M. Resolution of inflammation, an active process to restore the immune microenvironment balance: A novel drug target for treating arterial hypertension. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102352. [PMID: 38857706 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation, the other side of the inflammatory response, is defined as an active and highly coordinated process that promotes the restoration of immune microenvironment balance and tissue repair. Inflammation resolution involves several key processes, including dampening proinflammatory signaling, specialized proresolving lipid mediator (SPM) production, nonlipid proresolving mediator production, efferocytosis and regulatory T-cell (Treg) induction. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the effects of inflammation resolution on hypertension. Furthermore, our previous studies reported the antihypertensive effects of SPMs. Therefore, in this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the detailed association between arterial hypertension and inflammation resolution. Additional, the association between gut microbe-mediated immune and hypertension is discussed. This findings suggested that accelerating the resolution of inflammation can have beneficial effects on hypertension and its related organ damage. Exploring novel drug targets by focusing on various pathways involved in accelerating inflammation resolution will contribute to the treatment and control of hypertensive diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Juan-Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Center for Healthy Aging, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan, China.
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
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Chan MM, He L, Finck BN, Schilling JD, Daemen S. Cutting Edge: Hepatic Stellate Cells Drive the Phenotype of Monocyte-derived Macrophages to Regulate Liver Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:251-256. [PMID: 39008791 PMCID: PMC11254326 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages (MdMs) into the liver; however, the function of these macrophages is largely unknown. We previously demonstrated that a population of MdMs, referred to as hepatic lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs), assemble into aggregates termed hepatic crown-like structures in areas of liver fibrosis. Intriguingly, decreasing MdM recruitment resulted in increased liver fibrosis, suggesting that LAMs contribute to antifibrotic pathways in MASH. In this study, we determined that hepatic crown-like structures are characterized by intimate interactions between activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and macrophages in a collagen matrix in a mouse model of MASH. MASH macrophages displayed collagen-degrading capacities, and HSCs derived from MASH livers promoted expression of LAM marker genes and acquisition of a collagen-degrading phenotype in naive macrophages. These data suggest that crosstalk between HSCs and macrophages may contribute to collagen degradation MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M. Chan
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Li He
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Joel D. Schilling
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Current affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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3
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Shen X, Zheng W, Du X, Chen Y, Song X, Yang L, Yuan Q. The role of C5aR1-mediated hepatic macrophage efferocytosis in NASH. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17232. [PMID: 39060563 PMCID: PMC11282180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the first major chronic liver disease in developed countries. 10-20% of NAFLD patients will progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and up to 25% of NASH patients may develop cirrhosis within 10 years. Therefore, it is critical to find key targets that may treat this disease. Here, we identified C5aR1 as a highly-expressed gene in NASH mouse model through analyzing Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and confirmed its higher expression in livers of NASH patients than that of NAFL patients. Meanwhile, we verified its positive correlation with patients' serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that knocking down C5aR1 in liver significantly reduced liver weight ratio and serum ALT and AST levels and attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration and cell apoptosis in the liver of NASH mice as well as enhanced the efferocytotic ability of liver macrophages, suggesting that C5aR1 may play a crucial role in the efferocytosis of liver macrophages. Furthermore, we also found that the expression levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, IL-1β and other inflammation-related factors in the liver were significantly reduced. Our work demonstrates a potential mechanism of how C5aR1 deficiency protects against diet-induced NASH by coordinating the regulation of inflammatory factors and affecting hepatic macrophage efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Shen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenxing Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Huaian Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinna Du
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianping Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liucai Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Huaian Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen J, Zhang Q, Xu W, Li Z, Chen X, Luo Q, Wang D, Peng L. Baicalein upregulates macrophage TREM2 expression via TrKB-CREB1 pathway to attenuate acute inflammatory injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112685. [PMID: 39047449 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by a high short-term mortality rate, and effective interventions are still lacking. This study aims to investigate whether the small molecule baicalein can mitigate ACLF and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. METHODS The ACLF mouse model was induced through chronic liver injury using carbon tetrachloride, followed by acute inflammation induction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Baicalein was administered through intraperitoneal injection to explore its therapeutic effects. In vitro experiments utilized the iBMDM macrophage cell line to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Peripheral blood was collected from clinical ACLF patients for validation. RESULTS In the LPS-induced ACLF mouse model, baicalein demonstrated a significant reduction in acute inflammation and liver damage, as evidenced by histopathological evaluation, liver function analysis, and inflammatory marker measurements. Transcriptomic analysis, coupled with molecular biology experiments, uncovered that baicalein exerts its effects in ACLF by activating the TrKB-CREB1 signaling axis to upregulate the surface expression of the TREM2 receptor on macrophages. This promotes M2 macrophage polarization and activates efferocytosis, thereby inhibiting inflammation and alleviating liver damage. Furthermore, we observed a substantial negative correlation between postoperative peripheral blood plasma soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) levels and inflammation, as well as adverse outcomes in clinical ACLF patients. CONCLUSION Baicalein plays a protective role in ACLF by enhancing the surface expression of the TREM2 receptor on macrophages, leading to the suppression of inflammation, mitigation of liver damage, and a reduction in mortality. Additionally, plasma sTREM2 emerges as a critical indicator for predicting adverse outcomes in ACLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongchi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxiong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyao Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiumin Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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5
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Dong L, Dong C, Yu Y, Jiao X, Zhang X, Zhang X, Li Z. Transcriptomic analysis of Paraoxonase 1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its potential impact on tumor immunity. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03598-y. [PMID: 39031295 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a complex pathogenesis that confers aggressive malignancy, leading to a lack of dependable biomarkers for predicting invasion and metastasis, which results in poor prognoses in patients with HCC. Glycogen storage disease (GSD) is an uncommon metabolic disorder marked by hepatomegaly and liver fibrosis. Notably, hepatic adenomas in GSD patients present a heightened risk of malignancy compared to those in individuals without the disorder. In this investigation, PON1 emerged as a potential pivotal gene for HCC through bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Transcriptomic profiling data of liver cancer were collected and integrated from TCGA and GEO databases. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify mutated mRNAs associated with GSD, and the PON1 gene was selected as a key gene. Patients were grouped based on the expression levels of PON1, and differences in clinical characteristics, biological pathways, immune infiltration, and expression of immune checkpoints were compared. RESULTS The expression levels of the PON1 gene showed significant differences between the high-expression group and the low-expression group in HCC patients. Further analysis indicated that the PON1 gene at different expression levels might influence the clinical manifestations, biological processes, immune infiltration, and expression of immune checkpoints in HCC. Additionally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) results revealed high expression of PON1 in normal tissues and low expression in HCC tissues. These findings provide important clues and future research directions for the early diagnosis, prognosis, immunotherapy, and potential molecular interactions of HCC. CONCLUSION Our investigation underscores the noteworthy prognostic significance of PON1 in HCC, suggesting its potential pivotal role in modulating tumor progression and immune cell infiltration. These findings establish PON1 as a novel tumor biomarker with significant implications for the prognosis, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhuan Dong
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Changjun Dong
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Yunlin Yu
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xin Jiao
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xiangwei Zhang
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xianlin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China.
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Horn P, Tacke F. Metabolic reprogramming in liver fibrosis. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1439-1455. [PMID: 38823393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases, primarily metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), harmful use of alcohol, or viral hepatitis, may result in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and cancer. Hepatic fibrogenesis is a complex process with interactions between different resident and non-resident heterogeneous liver cell populations, ultimately leading to deposition of extracellular matrix and organ failure. Shifts in cell phenotypes and functions involve pronounced transcriptional and protein synthesis changes that require metabolic adaptations in cellular substrate metabolism, including glucose and lipid metabolism, resembling changes associated with the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Cell activation and metabolic changes are regulated by metabolic stress responses, including the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, ferroptosis, and nuclear receptor signaling. These metabolic adaptations are crucial for inflammatory and fibrogenic activation of macrophages, lymphoid cells, and hepatic stellate cells. Modulation of these pathways, therefore, offers opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches to halt or even reverse liver fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Horn
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Digital Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
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Graelmann FJ, Gondorf F, Majlesain Y, Niemann B, Klepac K, Gosejacob D, Gottschalk M, Mayer M, Iriady I, Hatzfeld P, Lindenberg SK, Wunderling K, Thiele C, Abdullah Z, He W, Hiller K, Händler K, Beyer MD, Ulas T, Pfeifer A, Esser C, Weighardt H, Förster I, Reverte-Salisa L. Differential cell type-specific function of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its repressor in diet-induced obesity and fibrosis. Mol Metab 2024; 85:101963. [PMID: 38821174 PMCID: PMC11214421 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor regulating xenobiotic responses as well as physiological metabolism. Dietary AhR ligands activate the AhR signaling axis, whereas AhR activation is negatively regulated by the AhR repressor (AhRR). While AhR-deficient mice are known to be resistant to diet-induced obesity (DIO), the influence of the AhRR on DIO has not been assessed so far. METHODS In this study, we analyzed AhRR-/- mice and mice with a conditional deletion of either AhRR or AhR in myeloid cells under conditions of DIO and after supplementation of dietary AhR ligands. Moreover, macrophage metabolism was assessed using Seahorse Mito Stress Test and ROS assays as well as transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS We demonstrate that global AhRR deficiency leads to a robust, but not as profound protection from DIO and hepatosteatosis as AhR deficiency. Under conditions of DIO, AhRR-/- mice did not accumulate TCA cycle intermediates in the circulation in contrast to wild-type (WT) mice, indicating protection from metabolic dysfunction. This effect could be mimicked by dietary supplementation of AhR ligands in WT mice. Because of the predominant expression of the AhRR in myeloid cells, AhRR-deficient macrophages were analyzed for changes in metabolism and showed major metabolic alterations regarding oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial activity. Unbiased transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mice with a genetic deficiency of the AhRR in myeloid cells did not show alterations in weight gain after high fat diet (HFD) but demonstrated ameliorated liver damage compared to control mice. Further, deficiency of the AhR in myeloid cells also did not affect weight gain but led to enhanced liver damage and adipose tissue fibrosis compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS AhRR-deficient mice are resistant to diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Although conditional ablation of either the AhR or AhRR in myeloid cells did not recapitulate the phenotype of the global knockout, our findings suggest that enhanced AhR signaling in myeloid cells deficient for AhRR protects from diet-induced liver damage and fibrosis, whereas myeloid cell-specific AhR deficiency is detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike J Graelmann
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Gondorf
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Yasmin Majlesain
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Birte Niemann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarina Klepac
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominic Gosejacob
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Marlene Gottschalk
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Michelle Mayer
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Irina Iriady
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Hatzfeld
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie K Lindenberg
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Wunderling
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Zeinab Abdullah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristian Händler
- PRECISE Platform for Single cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn and West German Genome Center, Bonn, Germany; Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and University of Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc D Beyer
- PRECISE Platform for Single cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn and West German Genome Center, Bonn, Germany; Immunogenomics & Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- PRECISE Platform for Single cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn and West German Genome Center, Bonn, Germany; Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Charlotte Esser
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine gGmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heike Weighardt
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany; IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine gGmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irmgard Förster
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany.
| | - Laia Reverte-Salisa
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany.
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Zhu H, Zhao T, Zhao S, Yang S, Jiang K, Li S, Kang Y, Yang Z, Shen J, Shen S, Tao H, Xuan J, Yang M, Xu B, Wang F, Jiang M. O-GlcNAcylation promotes the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by upregulating the expression and function of CD36. Metabolism 2024; 156:155914. [PMID: 38642829 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progressive variant, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), constitute a burgeoning worldwide epidemic with no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies. The multifunctional immunometabolic receptor, fatty acid translocase CD36 (CD36), plays an important role in the progression of hepatic steatosis. O-GlcNAcylation is a crucial posttranslational modification that mediates the distribution and function of CD36, but its involvement in NAFLD remains poorly understood. METHODS O-GlcNAcylation and CD36 expression were evaluated in human liver tissues obtained from NASH patients and normal control. Mice with hepatocyte-specific CD36 knockout were administered adeno-associated viral vectors expressing wild-type CD36 (WT-CD36) or CD36 O-GlcNAcylation site mutants (S468A&T470A-CD36) and were provided with a high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 3 months. RT-qPCR analysis, immunoblotting, dual-luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and coimmunoprecipitation were performed to explore the mechanisms by which O-GlcNAcylation regulates CD36 expression. Membrane protein extraction, immunofluorescence analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and fatty acid uptake assays were conducted to elucidate the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on CD36 function. RESULTS O-GlcNAcylation and CD36 expression were significantly increased in patients with NASH, mouse models of NASH, and palmitic acid-stimulated hepatocytes. Mechanistically, the increase in O-GlcNAcylation facilitated the transcription of CD36 via the NF-κB signalling pathway and stabilized the CD36 protein by inhibiting its ubiquitination, thereby promoting CD36 expression. On the other hand, O-GlcNAcylation facilitated the membrane localization of CD36, fatty acid uptake, and lipid accumulation. However, site-directed mutagenesis of residues S468 and T470 of CD36 reversed these effects. Furthermore, compared with their WT-CD36 counterparts, HFHC-fed S468A&T470A-CD36 mice exhibited decreases in systemic insulin resistance, steatosis severity, inflammation and fibrosis. Pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and CD36 also mitigated the progression of NASH. CONCLUSIONS O-GlcNAcylation promotes the progression of NAFLD by upregulating CD36 expression and function. Inhibition of CD36 O-GlcNAcylation protects against NASH, highlighting a potentially effective therapeutic approach for individuals with NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tianming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Si Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Suzhen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shupei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ying Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhuoxin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Si Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ji Xuan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Miaofang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mingzuo Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Bharadwaj S, Groza Y, Mierzwicka JM, Malý P. Current understanding on TREM-2 molecular biology and physiopathological functions. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112042. [PMID: 38703564 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), a glycosylated receptor belonging to the immunoglobin superfamily and especially expressed in the myeloid cell lineage, is frequently explained as a reminiscent receptor for both adaptive and innate immunity regulation. TREM-2 is also acknowledged to influence NK cell differentiation via the PI3K and PLCγ signaling pathways, as well as the partial activation or direct inhibition of T cells. Additionally, TREM-2 overexpression is substantially linked to cell-specific functions, such as enhanced phagocytosis, reduced toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory cytokine production, increased transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and reshaped T cell function. Whereas TREM-2-deficient cells exhibit diminished phagocytic function and enhanced proinflammatory cytokines production, proceeding to inflammatory injuries and an immunosuppressive environment for disease progression. Despite the growing literature supporting TREM-2+ cells in various diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, substantial facets of TREM-2-mediated signaling remain inadequately understood relevant to pathophysiology conditions. In this direction, herein, we have summarized the current knowledge on TREM-2 biology and cell-specific TREM-2 expression, particularly in the modulation of pivotal TREM-2-dependent functions under physiopathological conditions. Furthermore, molecular regulation and generic biological relevance of TREM-2 are also discussed, which might provide an alternative approach for preventing or reducing TREM-2-associated deformities. At last, we discussed the TREM-2 function in supporting an immunosuppressive cancer environment and as a potential drug target for cancer immunotherapy. Hence, summarized knowledge of TREM-2 might provide a window to overcome challenges in clinically effective therapies for TREM-2-induced diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Bharadwaj
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna M Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
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10
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Takano S, Kani K, Kasai K, Igarashi N, Kato M, Goto K, Matsuura Y, Ichimura-Shimizu M, Watanabe S, Tsuneyama K, Furusawa Y, Nagai Y. Antibiotic effects on gut microbiota modulate diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis development in C57BL/6 mice. Genes Cells 2024. [PMID: 38864277 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The potential involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) pathogenesis has garnered increasing attention. In this study, we elucidated the link between high-fat/cholesterol/cholate-based (iHFC)#2 diet-induced MASH progression and gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice using antibiotic treatments. Treatment with vancomycin (VCM), which targets gram-positive bacteria, exacerbated the progression of liver damage, steatosis, and fibrosis in iHFC#2-fed C57BL/6 mice. The expression levels of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes in the liver significantly increased after VCM treatment for 8 weeks. F4/80+ macrophage abundance increased in the livers of VCM-treated mice. These changes were rarely observed in the iHFC#2-fed C57BL/6 mice treated with metronidazole, which targets anaerobic bacteria. A16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed a significant decrease in α-diversity in VCM-treated mice compared with that in placebo-treated mice, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes significantly decreased, while Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased markedly. Finally, VCM treatment dramatically altered the level and balance of bile acid (BA) composition in iHFC#2-fed C57BL/6 mice. Thus, the VCM-mediated exacerbation of MASH progression depends on the interaction between the gut microbiota, BA metabolism, and inflammatory responses in the livers of iHFC#2-fed C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Takano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Koudai Kani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Kaichi Kasai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Naoya Igarashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Miyuna Kato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Kana Goto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Yudai Matsuura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Mayuko Ichimura-Shimizu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shiro Watanabe
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nagai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan
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11
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Xia J, Chen H, Wang X, Chen W, Lin J, Xu F, Nie Q, Ye C, Zhong B, Zhao M, Yun C, Zeng G, Mao Y, Wen Y, Zhang X, Yan S, Wang X, Sun L, Liu F, Zhong C, Xia P, Jiang C, Rao H, Pang Y. Sphingosine d18:1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting macrophage HIF-2α. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4755. [PMID: 38834568 PMCID: PMC11150497 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe type of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NASH is a growing global health concern due to its increasing morbidity, lack of well-defined biomarkers and lack of clinically effective treatments. Using metabolomic analysis, the most significantly changed active lipid sphingosine d18:1 [So(d18:1)] is selected from NASH patients. So(d18:1) inhibits macrophage HIF-2α as a direct inhibitor and promotes the inflammatory factors secretion. Male macrophage-specific HIF-2α knockout and overexpression mice verified the protective effect of HIF-2α on NASH progression. Importantly, the HIF-2α stabilizer FG-4592 alleviates liver inflammation and fibrosis in NASH, which indicated that macrophage HIF-2α is a potential drug target for NASH treatment. Overall, this study confirms that So(d18:1) promotes NASH and clarifies that So(d18:1) inhibits the transcriptional activity of HIF-2α in liver macrophages by suppressing the interaction of HIF-2α with ARNT, suggesting that macrophage HIF-2α may be a potential target for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Xia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bitao Zhong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyi Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejian Mao
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongping Wen
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyan Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Rao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanli Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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12
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Yu W, Zhang Y, Sun L, Huang W, Li X, Xia N, Chen X, Wikana LP, Xiao Y, Chen M, Han S, Wang Z, Pu L. Myeloid Trem2 ameliorates the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by regulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation resolution. Metabolism 2024; 155:155911. [PMID: 38609037 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing year by year and has become one of the leading causes of end-stage liver disease worldwide. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (Trem2) has been confirmed to play an essential role in the progression of MASLD, but its specific mechanism still needs to be clarified. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of Trem2 in MASLD. METHODS Human liver tissues were obtained from patients with MASLD and controls. Myeloid-specific knockout mice (Trem2mKO) and myeloid-specific overexpression mice (Trem2TdT) were fed a high-fat diet, either AMLN or CDAHFD, to establish the MASLD model. Relevant signaling molecules were assessed through lipidomics and RNA-seq analyses after that. RESULTS Trem2 is upregulated in human MASLD/MASH-associated macrophages and is associated with hepatic steatosis and inflammation progression. Hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses are exacerbated with the knockout of myeloid Trem2 in MASLD mice, while mice overexpressing Trem2 exhibit the opposite phenomenon. Mechanistically, Trem2mKO can aggravate macrophage pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and amplify the resulting inflammatory response. At the same time, Trem2 promotes the inflammation resolution phenotype transformation of macrophages through TGFβ1, thereby promoting tissue repair. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid Trem2 ameliorates the progression of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by regulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation resolution. We believe targeting myeloid Trem2 could represent a potential avenue for treating MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nan Xia
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Likalamu Pascalia Wikana
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhao Xiao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minhao Chen
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Han
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liyong Pu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary cancers, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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13
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Xu R, Vujić N, Bianco V, Reinisch I, Kratky D, Krstic J, Prokesch A. Lipid-associated macrophages between aggravation and alleviation of metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00092-4. [PMID: 38705759 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) are phagocytic cells with lipid-handling capacity identified in various metabolic derangements. During disease development, they locate to atherosclerotic plaques, adipose tissue (AT) of individuals with obesity, liver lesions in steatosis and steatohepatitis, and the intestinal lamina propria. LAMs can also emerge in the metabolically demanding microenvironment of certain tumors. In this review, we discuss major questions regarding LAM recruitment, differentiation, and self-renewal, and, ultimately, their acute and chronic functional impact on the development of metabolic diseases. Further studies need to clarify whether and under which circumstances LAMs drive disease progression or resolution and how their phenotype can be modulated to ameliorate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Xu
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabel Reinisch
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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14
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Wang Y, Rodrigues RM, Chen C, Feng D, Maccioni L, Gao B. Macrophages in necrotic liver lesion repair: opportunities for therapeutical applications. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1556-C1562. [PMID: 38618702 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00053.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Healthy livers contain 80% of body resident macrophages known as Kupffer cells. In diseased livers, the number of Kupffer cells usually drops but is compensated by infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages, some of which can differentiate into Kupffer-like cells. Early studies suggest that Kupffer cells play important roles in both promoting liver injury and liver regeneration. Yet, the distinction between the functionalities of resident and infiltrating macrophages is not always made. By using more specific macrophage markers and targeted cell depletion and single-cell RNA sequencing, recent studies revealed several subsets of monocyte-derived macrophages that play important functions in inducing liver damage and inflammation as well as in liver repair and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the different roles that hepatic macrophages play in promoting necrotic liver lesion resolution and dead cell clearance, as well as the targeting of these cells as potential tools for the development of novel therapies for acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Robim M Rodrigues
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cheng Chen
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Luca Maccioni
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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15
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Meyer M, Schwärzler J, Jukic A, Tilg H. Innate Immunity and MASLD. Biomolecules 2024; 14:476. [PMID: 38672492 PMCID: PMC11048298 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease worldwide in recent years. MASLD commonly presents as simple hepatic steatosis, but ~25% of patients develop liver inflammation, progressive fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver inflammation and the degree of fibrosis are key determinants of the prognosis. The pathophysiology of liver inflammation is incompletely understood and involves diverse factors and specifically innate and adaptive immune responses. More specifically, diverse mediators of innate immunity such as proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines, inflammasomes and various cell types like mononuclear cells, macrophages and natural killer cells are involved in directing the inflammatory process in MASLD. The activation of innate immunity is driven by various factors including excess lipids and lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and molecular patterns derived from gut commensals. Targeting pathways of innate immunity might therefore appear as an attractive therapeutic strategy in the future management of MASLD and possibly its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.M.); (A.J.)
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16
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Sauer J, Steixner-Kumar AA, Gabler S, Motyka M, Rippmann JF, Brosa S, Boettner D, Schönberger T, Lempp C, Frodermann V, Simon E, Krenkel O, Bahrami E. Diverse potential of secretome from natural killer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages in activating stellate cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1232070. [PMID: 38638443 PMCID: PMC11025356 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1232070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced cirrhosis, are characterized by an increasing accumulation of stressed, damaged, or dying hepatocytes. Hepatocyte damage triggers the activation of resident immune cells, such as Kupffer cells (KC), as well as the recruitment of immune cells from the circulation toward areas of inflammation. After infiltration, monocytes differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMF) which are functionally distinct from resident KC. We herein aim to compare the in vitro signatures of polarized macrophages and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) with ex vivo-derived disease signatures from human NASH. Furthermore, to shed more light on HSC activation and liver fibrosis progression, we investigate the effects of the secretome from primary human monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells on HSC activation. Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 treatment induced transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) secretion by macrophages. However, the supernatant transfer did not induce HSC activation. Interestingly, PMA-activated macrophages showed strong induction of the fibrosis response genes COL10A1 and CTGF, while the supernatant of IL-4/IL-13-treated monocytes induced the upregulation of COL3A1 in HSC. The supernatant of PMA-activated NK cells had the strongest effect on COL10A1 induction in HSC, while IL-15-stimulated NK cells reduced the expression of COL1A1 and CTGF. These data indicate that other factors, aside from the well-known cytokines and chemokines, might potentially be stronger contributors to the activation of HSCs and induction of a fibrotic response, indicating a more diverse and complex role of monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells in liver fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sauer
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Svenja Gabler
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Brosa
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Dennis Boettner
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Charlotte Lempp
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Eric Simon
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Oliver Krenkel
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Ehsan Bahrami
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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17
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Choi C, Jeong YL, Park KM, Kim M, Kim S, Jo H, Lee S, Kim H, Choi G, Choi YH, Seong JK, Namgoong S, Chung Y, Jung YS, Granneman JG, Hyun YM, Kim JK, Lee YH. TM4SF19-mediated control of lysosomal activity in macrophages contributes to obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2779. [PMID: 38555350 PMCID: PMC10981689 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) adapts to overnutrition in a complex process, wherein specialized immune cells remove and replace dysfunctional and stressed adipocytes with new fat cells. Among immune cells recruited to AT, lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) have emerged as key players in obesity and in diseases involving lipid stress and inflammation. Here, we show that LAMs selectively express transmembrane 4 L six family member 19 (TM4SF19), a lysosomal protein that represses acidification through its interaction with Vacuolar-ATPase. Inactivation of TM4SF19 elevates lysosomal acidification and accelerates the clearance of dying/dead adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. TM4SF19 deletion reduces the LAM accumulation and increases the proportion of restorative macrophages in AT of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Importantly, male mice lacking TM4SF19 adapt to high-fat feeding through adipocyte hyperplasia, rather than hypertrophy. This adaptation significantly improves local and systemic insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure, offering a potential avenue to combat obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheoljun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin L Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung-Min Park
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangseob Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Honghyun Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), and Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Namgoong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - James G Granneman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Chen YF. Temporal Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis Reveals That GPNMB-Expressing Macrophages Potentiate Muscle Regeneration. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4108866. [PMID: 38585871 PMCID: PMC10996783 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4108866/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in coordinating the skeletal muscle repair response, but their phenotypic diversity and the transition of specialized subsets to resolution-phase macrophages remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we induced injury and performed single-cell RNA sequencing on individual cells in skeletal muscle at different time points. Our analysis revealed a distinct macrophage subset that expressed high levels of Gpnmb and that coexpressed critical factors involved in macrophage-mediated muscle regeneration, including Igf1, Mertk, and Nr1h3. Gpnmb gene knockout inhibited macrophage-mediated efferocytosis and impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. Functional studies demonstrated that GPNMB acts directly on muscle cells in vitro and improves muscle regeneration in vivo. These findings provide a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of macrophages during muscle injury, highlighting the key role of the GPNMB macrophage subset in regenerative processes. Targeting GPNMB signaling in macrophages could have therapeutic potential for restoring skeletal muscle integrity and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Chen
- Center for Translational Genomics & Regenerative Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
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19
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Kado T, Nishimura A, Tobe K. History and future perspectives of adipose tissue macrophage biology. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1373182. [PMID: 38562458 PMCID: PMC10982364 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1373182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages contribute to adipose tissue homeostasis; however, they are also thought to be responsible for insulin resistance in obesity. Macrophages, which were oversimplified in past methodologies, have become rather difficult to understand comprehensively as recent developments in research methodology have revealed their diversity. This review highlights recent studies on adipose tissue macrophages, identifies controversial issues that need to be resolved and proposes a scenario for further development of adipose tissue macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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20
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Zhou L, Qiu X, Meng Z, Liu T, Chen Z, Zhang P, Kuang H, Pan T, Lu Y, Qi L, Olson DP, Xu XZS, Chen YE, Li S, Lin JD. Hepatic danger signaling triggers TREM2 + macrophage induction and drives steatohepatitis via MS4A7-dependent inflammasome activation. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadk1866. [PMID: 38478630 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adk1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is an advanced stage of metabolic fatty liver disease. The pathogenic mechanisms of MASH center on hepatocyte injury and the ensuing immune response within the liver microenvironment. Recent work has implicated TREM2+ macrophages in various disease conditions, and substantial induction of TREM2+ NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs) serves as a hallmark of metabolic liver disease. Despite this, the mechanisms through which NAMs contribute to MASH pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Here, we identify membrane-spanning 4-domains a7 (MS4A7) as a NAM-specific pathogenic factor that exacerbates MASH progression in mice. Hepatic MS4A7 expression was strongly induced in mouse and human MASH and associated with the severity of liver injury. Whole-body and myeloid-specific ablation of Ms4a7 alleviated diet-induced MASH pathologies in male mice. We demonstrate that exposure to lipid droplets (LDs), released upon injury of steatotic hepatocytes, triggered NAM induction and exacerbated MASH-associated liver injury in an MS4A7-dependent manner. Mechanistically, MS4A7 drove NLRP3 inflammasome activation via direct physical interaction and shaped disease-associated cell states within the liver microenvironment. This work reveals the LD-MS4A7-NLRP3 inflammasome axis as a pathogenic driver of MASH progression and provides insights into the role of TREM2+ macrophages in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkang Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoxue Qiu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ziyi Meng
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tongyu Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Henry Kuang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tong Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - You Lu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David P Olson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siming Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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21
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Piollet M, Porsch F, Rizzo G, Kapser F, Schulz DJ, Kiss MG, Schlepckow K, Morenas-Rodriguez E, Sen MO, Gropper J, Bandi SR, Schäfer S, Krammer T, Leipold AM, Hoke M, Ozsvár-Kozma M, Beneš H, Schillinger M, Minar E, Roesch M, Göderle L, Hladik A, Knapp S, Colonna M, Martini R, Saliba AE, Haass C, Zernecke A, Binder CJ, Cochain C. TREM2 protects from atherosclerosis by limiting necrotic core formation. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:269-282. [PMID: 38974464 PMCID: PMC7616136 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the vascular wall driven by lipid accumulation and inflammation in the intimal layer of arteries, and its main complications, myocardial infarction and stroke, are the leading cause of mortality worldwide [1], [2]. Recent studies have identified Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a lipid-sensing receptor regulating myeloid cell functions [3], to be highly expressed in macrophage foam cells in experimental and human atherosclerosis [4]. However, the role of TREM2 in atherosclerosis is not fully known. Here, we show that hematopoietic or global TREM2 deficiency increased, whereas TREM2 agonism decreased necrotic core formation in early atherosclerosis. We demonstrate that TREM2 is essential for the efferocytosis capacities of macrophages, and to the survival of lipid-laden macrophages, indicating a crucial role of TREM2 in maintaining the balance between foam cell death and clearance of dead cells in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby controlling plaque necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Piollet
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Rizzo
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frederieke Kapser
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk J.J. Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Máté G. Kiss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kai Schlepckow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, 81377Munich, Germany
| | | | - Mustafa Orkun Sen
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julius Gropper
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sourish Reddy Bandi
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Schäfer
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Krammer
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander M. Leipold
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hoke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mária Ozsvár-Kozma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannah Beneš
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Schillinger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erich Minar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Roesch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Göderle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rudolf Martini
- Department of Neurology, Section of Developmental Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, 81377Munich, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph J. Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clément Cochain
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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22
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Jiang Y, Yu W, Hu T, Peng H, Hu F, Yuan Y, Liu X, Lai S, Zhou J, Dong X. Unveiling macrophage diversity in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: identification of a distinct lipid-associated macrophage subset. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335333. [PMID: 38449872 PMCID: PMC10915075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Macrophages play a crucial and dichotomous role cardiac repair following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, as they can both facilitate tissue healing and contribute to injury. This duality is intricately linked to environmental factors, and the identification of macrophage subtypes within the context of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) may offer insights for the development of more precise intervention strategies. Methods Specific marker genes were used to identify macrophage subtypes in GSE227088 (mouse single-cell RNA sequencing dataset). Genome Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was further employed to validate the identified LAM subtypes. Trajectory analysis and single-cell regulatory network inference were executed using the R packages Monocle2 and SCENIC, respectively. The conservation of LAM was verified using human ischemic cardiomyopathy heart failure samples from the GSE145154 (human single-cell RNA sequencing dataset). Fluorescent homologous double-labeling experiments were performed to determine the spatial localization of LAM-tagged gene expression in the MIRI mouse model. Results In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was employed to investigate the cellular landscape in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Macrophage subtypes, including a novel Lipid-Associated Macrophage (LAM) subtype characterized by high expression of Spp1, Trem2, and other genes, were identified. Enrichment and Progeny pathway analyses highlighted the distinctive functional role of the SPP1+ LAM subtype, particularly in lipid metabolism and the regulation of the MAPK pathway. Pseudotime analysis revealed the dynamic differentiation of macrophage subtypes during IRI, with the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in specific clusters. Transcription factor analysis using SCENIC identified key regulators associated with macrophage differentiation. Furthermore, validation in human samples confirmed the presence of SPP1+ LAM. Co-staining experiments provided definitive evidence of LAM marker expression in the infarct zone. These findings shed light on the role of LAM in IRI and its potential as a therapeutic target. Conclusion In conclusion, the study identifies SPP1+ LAM macrophages in ischemia-reperfusion injury and highlights their potential in cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenpeng Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tie Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hanzhi Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fajia Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Haematology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Songqing Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianliang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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23
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Reinisch I, Michenthaler H, Sulaj A, Moyschewitz E, Krstic J, Galhuber M, Xu R, Riahi Z, Wang T, Vujic N, Amor M, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Wabitsch M, Kolb D, Georgiadi A, Glawitsch L, Heitzer E, Schulz TJ, Schupp M, Sun W, Dong H, Ghosh A, Hoffmann A, Kratky D, Hinte LC, von Meyenn F, Heck AJR, Blüher M, Herzig S, Wolfrum C, Prokesch A. Adipocyte p53 coordinates the response to intermittent fasting by regulating adipose tissue immune cell landscape. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1391. [PMID: 38360943 PMCID: PMC10869344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In obesity, sustained adipose tissue (AT) inflammation constitutes a cellular memory that limits the effectiveness of weight loss interventions. Yet, the impact of fasting regimens on the regulation of AT immune infiltration is still elusive. Here we show that intermittent fasting (IF) exacerbates the lipid-associated macrophage (LAM) inflammatory phenotype of visceral AT in obese mice. Importantly, this increase in LAM abundance is strongly p53 dependent and partly mediated by p53-driven adipocyte apoptosis. Adipocyte-specific deletion of p53 prevents LAM accumulation during IF, increases the catabolic state of adipocytes, and enhances systemic metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity. Finally, in cohorts of obese/diabetic patients, we describe a p53 polymorphism that links to efficacy of a fasting-mimicking diet and that the expression of p53 and TREM2 in AT negatively correlates with maintaining weight loss after bariatric surgery. Overall, our results demonstrate that p53 signalling in adipocytes dictates LAM accumulation in AT under IF and modulates fasting effectiveness in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Reinisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Helene Michenthaler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alba Sulaj
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine 1), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Moyschewitz
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Galhuber
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zina Riahi
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Nemanja Vujic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melina Amor
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Riccardo Zenezini Chiozzi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anastasia Georgiadi
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Glawitsch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Michael Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hua Dong
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura C Hinte
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine 1), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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24
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Adeghate EA. GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of diabetic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:223-232. [PMID: 38458647 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2328796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic disease affecting almost 30% of the world population. Approximately 25% of people with NAFLD develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the fulminant version of the disease. Diabetes mellitus is present in 22.5% of people with NAFLD and 44.60% of individuals with NASH. This review was undertaken to examine the current contribution of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists to the pharmacotherapy of diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. AREAS COVERED The author analyzed the current status of GLP-1 receptor agonists for pharmacotherapy of diabetic NASH. Research data and literature reports were taken from the database and or websites of Diabetes UK, American Diabetes Association, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Scopus. The keywords utilized included type 2 diabetes, GLP-1, NASH, NAFLD, and clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Since diabetic NASH is associated with obesity, diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress and inflammation, drugs capable of mitigating all of these conditions simultaneously, are most ideal for the treatment of diabetic NASH. These drugs include (in order of relevance), GLP-1 receptor agonists, GLP-1 and GIP dual receptor agonists, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and pioglitazone. The future, FDA-approved drug for diabetic NASH treatment will likely be GLP-1 agonist, which could be used as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest A Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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25
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Sun R, Lei C, Xu Z, Gu X, Huang L, Chen L, Tan Y, Peng M, Yaddanapudi K, Siskind L, Kong M, Mitchell R, Yan J, Deng Z. Neutral ceramidase regulates breast cancer progression by metabolic programming of TREM2-associated macrophages. Nat Commun 2024; 15:966. [PMID: 38302493 PMCID: PMC10834982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is reprogrammed by cancer cells and participates in all stages of tumor progression. Neutral ceramidase is a key regulator of ceramide, the central intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism. The contribution of neutral ceramidase to the reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment is not well understood. Here, we find that deletion of neutral ceramidase in multiple breast cancer models in female mice accelerates tumor growth. Our result show that Ly6C+CD39+ tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells are enriched in the tumor microenvironment and display an exhausted phenotype. Deletion of myeloid neutral ceramidase in vivo and in vitro induces exhaustion in tumor-infiltrating Ly6C+CD39+CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, myeloid neutral ceramidase is required for the generation of lipid droplets and for the induction of lipolysis, which generate fatty acids for fatty-acid oxidation and orchestrate macrophage metabolism. Metabolite ceramide leads to reprogramming of macrophages toward immune suppressive TREM2+ tumor associated macrophages, which promote CD8 T cells exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lei
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Zhishan Xu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Xuemei Gu
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Liu Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Min Peng
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Kavitha Yaddanapudi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Leah Siskind
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Maiying Kong
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Robert Mitchell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA
| | - Zhongbin Deng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, USA.
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26
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Meng Z, Zhou L, Hong S, Qiu X, Chen Z, Liu T, Inoki K, Lin JD. Myeloid-specific ablation of Basp1 ameliorates diet-induced NASH in mice by attenuating pro-inflammatory signaling. Hepatology 2024; 79:409-424. [PMID: 37505219 PMCID: PMC10808272 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS NASH represents a severe stage of fatty liver disease characterized by hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. Myeloid-derived innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, play an important role in host defense and disease pathogenesis. Despite this, the nature of transcriptomic reprogramming of myeloid cells in NASH liver and its contribution to disease progression remain incompletely defined. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we performed bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) analysis to delineate the landscape of macrophage and dendritic cell transcriptomes in healthy and NASH livers. Our analysis uncovered cell type-specific patterns of transcriptomic reprogramming on diet-induced NASH. We identified brain-abundant membrane-attached signal protein 1 (Basp1) as a myeloid-enriched gene that is markedly induced in mouse and human NASH liver. Myeloid-specific inactivation of Basp1 attenuates the severity of diet-induced NASH pathologies, as shown by reduced hepatocyte injury and liver fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, cultured macrophages lacking Basp1 exhibited a diminished response to pro-inflammatory stimuli, impaired NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduced cytokine secretion. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings uncover Basp1 as a critical regulator of myeloid inflammatory signaling that underlies NASH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Meng
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Linkang Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Sungki Hong
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Xiaoxue Qiu
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Tongyu Liu
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ken Inoki
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jiandie D. Lin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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27
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Wu Z, Yang S, Fang X, Shu Q, Chen Q. Function and mechanism of TREM2 in bacterial infection. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011895. [PMID: 38236825 PMCID: PMC10796033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), which is a lipid sensing and phagocytosis receptor, plays a key role in immunity and inflammation in response to pathogens. Here, we review the function and signaling of TREM2 in microbial binding, engulfment and removal, and describe TREM2-mediated inhibition of inflammation by negatively regulating the Toll-like receptor (TLR) response. We further illustrate the role of TREM2 in restoring organ homeostasis in sepsis and soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) as a diagnostic marker for sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Finally, we discuss the prospect of TREM2 as an interesting therapeutic target for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wu
- Department of the Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of the Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qixing Chen
- Department of the Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Shi H, Moore MP, Wang X, Tabas I. Efferocytosis in liver disease. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:100960. [PMID: 38234410 PMCID: PMC10792655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of dead cell clearance by phagocytic cells, called efferocytosis, prevents inflammatory cell necrosis and promotes resolution and repair. Defective efferocytosis contributes to the progression of numerous diseases in which cell death is prominent, including liver disease. Many gaps remain in our understanding of how hepatic macrophages carry out efferocytosis and how this process goes awry in various types of liver diseases. Thus far, studies have suggested that, upon liver injury, liver-resident Kupffer cells and infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages clear dead cells, limit inflammation, and, through macrophage reprogramming, repair liver damage. However, in unusual settings, efferocytosis can promote liver disease. In this review, we will focus on efferocytosis in various types of acute and chronic liver diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of efferocytosis by hepatic macrophages has the potential to shed new light on liver disease pathophysiology and to guide new treatment strategies to prevent disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxue Shi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mary P. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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29
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Chao S, Shan S, Song F. TREM2 knockout promotes liver cell apoptosis and inflammation in acute liver injury. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13330. [PMID: 39008031 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Chao
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shulin Shan
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuyong Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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30
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Revelo X, Fredrickson G, Florczak K, Barrow F, Dietsche K, Wang H, Parthiban P, Almutlaq R, Adeyi O, Herman A, Bartolomucci A, Staley C, Jahansouz C, Williams J, Mashek D, Ikramuddin S. Hepatic lipid-associated macrophages mediate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery against MASH. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3446960. [PMID: 37961666 PMCID: PMC10635378 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3446960/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
For patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome, bariatric procedures such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) have a clear benefit in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). While the effects of bariatric surgeries have been mainly attributed to nutrient restriction and malabsorption, whether immuno-modulatory mechanisms are involved remains unclear. Here we report that VSG ameliorates MASH progression in a weight loss-independent manner. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that hepatic lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) expressing the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) increase their lysosomal activity and repress inflammation in response to VSG. Remarkably, TREM2 deficiency in mice ablates the reparative effects of VSG, suggesting that TREM2 is required for MASH resolution. Mechanistically, TREM2 prevents the inflammatory activation of macrophages and is required for their efferocytotic function. Overall, our findings indicate that bariatric surgery improves MASH through a reparative process driven by hepatic LAMs, providing insights into the mechanisms of disease reversal that may result in new therapies and improved surgical interventions.
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31
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Kothari V, Savard C, Tang J, Lee SP, Subramanian S, Wang S, den Hartigh LJ, Bornfeldt KE, Ioannou GN. sTREM2 is a plasma biomarker for human NASH and promotes hepatocyte lipid accumulation. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0265. [PMID: 37820278 PMCID: PMC10578746 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenetic mechanisms of the progression of NAFL to advanced NASH coupled with potential noninvasive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets are active areas of investigation. The recent finding that increased plasma levels of a protein shed by myeloid cells -soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) -may be a biomarker for NASH has received much interest. We aimed to test sTREM2 as a biomarker for human NASH and investigate the role of sTREM2 in the pathogenesis of NASH. METHODS We conducted studies in both humans (comparing patients with NASH vs. NAFL) and in mice (comparing different mouse models of NASH) involving measurements of TREM2 gene and protein expression levels in the liver as well as circulating sTREM2 levels in plasma. We investigated the pathogenetic role of sTREM2 in hepatic steatosis using primary hepatocytes and bone marrow derived macrophages. RESULTS RNA sequencing analysis of livers from patients with NASH or NAFL as well as livers from 2 mouse models of NASH revealed elevated TREM2 expression in patients/mice with NASH as compared with NAFL. Plasma levels of sTREM2 were significantly higher in a well-characterized cohort of patients with biopsy-proven NASH versus NAFL (area under receiver-operating curve 0.807). Mechanistic studies revealed that cocultures of primary hepatocytes and macrophages with an impaired ability to shed sTREM2 resulted in reduced hepatocyte lipid droplet formation on palmitate stimulation, an effect that was counteracted by the addition of exogenous sTREM2 chimeric protein. Conversely, exogenous sTREM2 chimeric protein increased lipid droplet formation, triglyceride content, and expression of the lipid transporter CD36 in hepatocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of CD36 markedly attenuated sTREM2-induced lipid droplet formation in mouse primary hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of sTREM2 due to TREM2 shedding may directly contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD by promoting hepatocyte lipid accumulation, as well as serving as a biomarker for distinguishing patients with NASH versus NAFL. Further investigation of sTREM2 as a clinically useful diagnostic biomarker and of the therapeutic effects of targeting sTREM2 in NASH is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kothari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher Savard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sum P. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Savitha Subramanian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shari Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura J. den Hartigh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karin E. Bornfeldt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - George N. Ioannou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
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32
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Qiu H, Shao Z, Wen X, Liu Z, Chen Z, Qu D, Ding X, Zhang L. Efferocytosis: An accomplice of cancer immune escape. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115540. [PMID: 37741255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The clearance of apoptotic cells by efferocytes such as macrophages and dendritic cells is termed as "efferocytosis", it plays critical roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Currently, available studies indicate that efferocytosis-related molecules and pathways are tightly associated with cancer development, metastasis and treatment resistance, efferocytosis also induces an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and assists cancer cells escape from immune surveillance. In this study, we reviewed the underlying mechanisms of efferocytosis in mediating the occurrence of cancer immune escape, and then emphatically summarized the strategies of using efferocytosis as therapeutic target to enhance the anti-tumor efficacies of immune checkpoint inhibitors, hoping to provide powerful evidences for more effective therapeutic regimens of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Debao Qu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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33
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Patterson MT, Firulyova MM, Xu Y, Hillman H, Bishop C, Zhu A, Hickok GH, Schrank PR, Ronayne CE, Caillot Z, Fredrickson G, Kennedy AE, Acharya N, Neels JG, Chinetti G, Revelo X, Stromnes IM, Ivanov S, Bold TD, Zaitsev K, Williams JW. Trem2 promotes foamy macrophage lipid uptake and survival in atherosclerosis. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:1015-1031. [PMID: 38646596 PMCID: PMC11031198 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is driven by the expansion of cholesterol-loaded 'foamy' macrophages in the arterial intima. Factors regulating foamy macrophage differentiation and survival in plaque remain poorly understood. Here we show, using trajectory analysis of integrated single-cell RNA sequencing data and a genome-wide CRISPR screen, that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) is associated with foamy macrophage specification. Loss of Trem2 led to a reduced ability of foamy macrophages to take up oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Myeloid-specific deletion of Trem2 showed an attenuation of plaque progression, even when targeted in established atherosclerotic lesions, and was independent of changes in circulating cytokines, monocyte recruitment or cholesterol levels. Mechanistically, we link Trem2-deficient macrophages with a failure to upregulate cholesterol efflux molecules, resulting in impaired proliferation and survival. Overall, we identify Trem2 as a regulator of foamy macrophage differentiation and atherosclerotic plaque growth and as a putative therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Patterson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Maria M. Firulyova
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yingzheng Xu
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Hannah Hillman
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Courtney Bishop
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Alisha Zhu
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Grant H. Hickok
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Patricia R. Schrank
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Christine E. Ronayne
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | | | - Gavin Fredrickson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Ainsley E. Kennedy
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Nisha Acharya
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | | | | | - Xavier Revelo
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Ingunn M. Stromnes
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | | | - Tyler D. Bold
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | | | - Jesse W. Williams
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
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34
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Liu S, Liu J, Wu Y, Tan L, Luo Y, Ding C, Tang Z, Shi X, Fan W, Song S. Genistein upregulates AHR to protect against environmental toxin-induced NASH by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reconstructing antioxidant defense mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 121:109436. [PMID: 37666477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
We have previously proven that the environmental toxin could accelerate the development and progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the underlying mechanism associated with such excessive inflammation hasn't been fully illustrated. Although Genistein has been well accepted for its capability in anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, its effect in ameliorating contaminants-induced NASH still needs to be identified. In this study, using chickens and primary chicken hepatocytes as models, we found that NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were over-activated in bromoacetic acid (BAA, one of the typical environmental toxins)-induced NASH, characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cell, and the increase of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18) expressions. Interestingly, genistein treatment could recover these changes, with the signs of restored activities of anti-oxidases, decreased expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome components, and increased levels of elements in phase I metabolic system. The detailed mechanism was that, via up-regulating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), genistein lifted mRNA levels of Cyp1-related genes to reconstruct cytochrome P450 (CYP450) systems, and the raised AHR negatively regulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity to relieve inflammation. More important, the interaction and co-localization between AHR and NLRP3 was first proved, and genistein could promote the levels of AHR that interacted with NLRP3, which thereafter blocked the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusively, in this research, we confirmed the AHR-dependent protective role of genistein in environmental toxin-linked NASH, which shed light on the potential precautions for contaminants-induced NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chenchen Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Zhihui Tang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wentao Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China.
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China.
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Feng X, Du M, Li S, Chang X, Liu P. Tanshinone IIA alleviates atherosclerosis in LDLR -/- mice by regulating efferocytosis of macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1233709. [PMID: 37886125 PMCID: PMC10598641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1233709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) is the major lipid-soluble active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, which slows down atherosclerosis (AS). However, it remains unclear whether TIIA has the potential to enhance macrophage efferocytosis and thereby improve atherosclerosis. Objective: The focus of this examination was to determine if TIIA could reduce lipid accumulation and treat AS by enhancing efferocytosis. Methods: Firstly, we conducted in vivo experiments using LDLR knockout (LDLR-/-) mice for a period of 24 weeks, using histopathological staining, immunofluorescence and Western blot experiments to validate from the efficacy and mechanism parts, respectively; in addition, we utilized cells to validate our study again in vitro. The specific experimental design scheme is as follows: In vivo, Western diet-fed LDLR-/- mice for 12 weeks were constructed as an AS model, and normal diet-fed LDLR-/- mice were taken as a blank control group. The TIIA group and positive control group (atorvastatin, ATO) were intervened for 12 weeks by intraperitoneal injection (15 mg/kg/d) and gavage (1.3 mg/kg/d), respectively. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were cultured with ox-LDL (50 ug/mL) or ox-LDL (50 ug/mL) + TIIA (20 uM/L or 40 uM/L). Pathological changes in aortic plaques and foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells were evaluated using Masson and Oil Red O staining, respectively. Biochemical methods were used to detect lipid levels in mice. The immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect apoptotic cells and efferocytosis-related signal expression at the plaques. RT-qPCR and Western blot were carried out to observe the trend change of efferocytosis-related molecules in both mouse aorta and RAW264.7 cells. We also used the neutral red assay to assess RAW264.7 cells' phagocytic capacity. Results: Compared with the model group, TIIA decreased serum TC, TG, and LDL-C levels (p < 0.01), reduced the relative lumen area of murine aortic lipid-rich plaques (p < 0.01), enhanced the stability of murine aortic plaques (p < 0.01), reduced ox-LDL-induced lipid build-up in RAW264.7 cells (p < 0.01), and upregulated efferocytosis-related molecules expression and enhance the efferocytosis rate of ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Conclusion: TIIA might reduce lipid accumulation by enhancing the efferocytosis of macrophages and thus treat AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Stansbury CM, Dotson GA, Pugh H, Rehemtulla A, Rajapakse I, Muir LA. A lipid-associated macrophage lineage rewires the spatial landscape of adipose tissue in early obesity. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e171701. [PMID: 37651193 PMCID: PMC10619435 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) infiltration is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance in mice and humans. Recent single-cell data highlight increased ATM heterogeneity in obesity but do not provide a spatial context for ATM phenotype dynamics. We integrated single-cell RNA-Seq, spatial transcriptomics, and imaging of murine adipose tissue in a time course study of diet-induced obesity. Overall, proinflammatory immune cells were predominant in early obesity, whereas nonresident antiinflammatory ATMs predominated in chronic obesity. A subset of these antiinflammatory ATMs were transcriptomically intermediate between monocytes and mature lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) and were consistent with a LAM precursor (pre-LAM). Pre-LAMs were spatially associated with early obesity crown-like structures (CLSs), which indicate adipose tissue dysfunction. Spatial data showed colocalization of ligand-receptor transcripts related to lipid signaling among monocytes, pre-LAMs, and LAMs, including Apoe, Lrp1, Lpl, and App. Pre-LAM expression of these ligands in early obesity suggested signaling to LAMs in the CLS microenvironment. Our results refine understanding of ATM diversity and provide insight into the dynamics of the LAM lineage during development of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper M. Stansbury
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
- The Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering
| | | | - Harrison Pugh
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
| | | | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Wang C, Bai Y, Li T, Liu J, Wang Y, Ju S, Yao W, Xiong B, Zhou G. Beneficial effects of ginkgetin on improving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis characterized by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1267445. [PMID: 37860111 PMCID: PMC10582714 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1267445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become one of the major causes of cirrhosis and liver failure. However, there are currently no approved medications for managing NASH. Our study was designed to assess the effects of ginkgetin on NASH and the involved mechanisms. Methods: We constructed a mouse model of NASH by high-fat diet for 24 weeks. The effects of ginkgetin on NASH were evaluated by histological study, Western blot, and biochemical analysis. RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was used to investigate the alteration in gene expression and signaling pathways at bulk and single-cell levels. Results: Administration of ginkgetin resulted in a marked improvement in hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in the NASH model. And these results were supported by bulk RNA-Seq analysis, in which the related signaling pathways and gene expression were markedly downregulated. Furthermore, single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) analysis revealed that the effects of ginkgetin on NASH were associated with the reprogramming of macrophages, hepatic stellate cells, and endothelial cells. Especially, ginkgetin induced a marked decrease in macrophages and a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotype in NASH mice. And the NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs), which emerge during NASH, were also significantly downregulated by ginkgetin. Conclusion: Ginkgetin exhibits beneficial effects on improving NASH, supported by bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq. Our study may promote pharmacological therapy for NASH and raise the existent understanding of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaowei Bai
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongqiang Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingliang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuguang Ju
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Arvanitakis K, Papadakos SP, Lekakis V, Koufakis T, Lempesis IG, Papantoniou E, Kalopitas G, Georgakopoulou VE, Stergiou IE, Theocharis S, Germanidis G. Meeting at the Crossroad between Obesity and Hepatic Carcinogenesis: Unique Pathophysiological Pathways Raise Expectations for Innovative Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14704. [PMID: 37834153 PMCID: PMC10572430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The escalating global prevalence of obesity and its intricate association with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pose a substantial challenge to public health. Obesity, acknowledged as a pervasive epidemic, is linked to an array of chronic diseases, including HCC, catalyzing the need for a comprehensive understanding of its molecular underpinnings. Notably, HCC has emerged as a leading malignancy with rising incidence and mortality. The transition from viral etiologies to the prominence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)-related HCC underscores the urgent need to explore the intricate molecular pathways linking obesity and hepatic carcinogenesis. This review delves into the interwoven landscape of molecular carcinogenesis in the context of obesity-driven HCC while also navigating using the current therapeutic strategies and future prospects for combating obesity-related HCC. We underscore the pivotal role of obesity as a risk factor and propose an integrated approach encompassing lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and the exploration of emerging targeted therapies. As the obesity-HCC nexus continues to challenge healthcare systems globally, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms and innovative therapeutic strategies is imperative to alleviate the rising burden of this dual menace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (G.K.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit (BTRU), Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (BRESU), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros P. Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.P.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Vasileios Lekakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theocharis Koufakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Diabetes Centre, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis G. Lempesis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Eleni Papantoniou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (G.K.)
| | - Georgios Kalopitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (G.K.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit (BTRU), Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (BRESU), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna E. Stergiou
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.P.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Georgios Germanidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (G.K.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit (BTRU), Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (BRESU), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Du Y, Jian S, Wang X, Yang C, Qiu H, Fang K, Yan Y, Shi J, Li J. Machine learning and single cell RNA sequencing analysis identifies regeneration-related hepatocytes and highlights a Birc5-related model for identifying cell proliferative ability. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204775. [PMID: 37315292 PMCID: PMC10292894 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partial hepatectomy (PHx) has been shown to induce rapid regeneration of adult liver under emergency conditions. Therefore, an in-depth investigation of the underlying mechanisms that govern liver regeneration following PHx is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of this process. METHOD We analyzed scRNA-seq data from liver samples of normal and PHx-48-hour mice. Seven machine learning algorithms were utilized to screen and validate a gene signature that accurately identifies and predicts this population. Co-immunostaining of zonal markers with BIRC5 to investigate regional characteristics of hepatocytes post-PHx. RESULTS Single cell sequencing results revealed a population of regeneration-related hepatocytes. Transcription factor analysis emphasized the importance of Hmgb1 transcription factor in liver regeneration. HdWGCNA and machine learning algorithm screened and obtained the key signature characterizing this population, including a total of 17 genes and the function enrichment analysis indicated their high correlation with cell cycle pathway. It is note-worthy that we inferred that Hmgb1 might be vital in the regeneration-related hepatocytes of PHx_48h group. Parallelly, Birc5 might be closely related to the regulation of liver regeneration, and positively correlated with Hmgb1. CONCLUSIONS Our study has identified a distinct population of hepatocytes that are closely associated with liver regeneration. Through machine learning algorithms, we have identified a set of 17 genes that are highly indicative of the regenerative capacity of hepatocytes. This gene signature has enabled us to assess the proliferation ability of in vitro cultured hepatocytes using sequencing data alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuqin Jian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yehong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Ji’an Hospital of Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Li JH, Hepworth MR, O'Sullivan TE. Regulation of systemic metabolism by tissue-resident immune cell circuits. Immunity 2023; 56:1168-1186. [PMID: 37315533 PMCID: PMC10321269 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that tissue homeostasis and metabolic function are dependent on distinct tissue-resident immune cells that form functional cell circuits with structural cells. Within these cell circuits, immune cells integrate cues from dietary contents and commensal microbes in addition to endocrine and neuronal signals present in the tissue microenvironment to regulate structural cell metabolism. These tissue-resident immune circuits can become dysregulated during inflammation and dietary overnutrition, contributing to metabolic diseases. Here, we review the evidence describing key cellular networks within and between the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and adipose tissue that control systemic metabolism and how these cell circuits become dysregulated during certain metabolic diseases. We also identify open questions in the field that have the potential to enhance our understanding of metabolic health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey H Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA.
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Zhu Y, Chai XX, Zhao Y, Feng Q, Dong R, Shi MJ, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Peng J, Tian Y, Chen G, Luo C, Sheng J. Saturated fatty acids synergizes cadmium to induce macrophages M1 polarization and hepatic inflammation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115040. [PMID: 37235898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to the toxic metal cadmium (Cd) is a well-established risk factor for hepatic inflammation, but it remains unclear how metabolic components, such as different fatty acids (FAs), interact with Cd to influence this process. Understanding these interactions is essential for identifying potential preventative and therapeutic targets for this disorder. To address this question, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies to investigate the combinatorial effect of Cd and saturated FAs on hepatic inflammation. Specifically, we assessed the cytotoxicity of Cd on macrophages and their polarization and inflammatory activation upon co-exposure to Cd and saturated FAs. Our results showed that while saturated FAs had minimal impact on the cytotoxicity of Cd on macrophages, they significantly collaborated with Cd in predisposing macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory M1 polarization, thereby promoting inflammatory activation. This joint effect of Cd and saturated FAs resulted in persistent inflammation and hepatic steatohepatitis in vivo. In summary, our study identified macrophage polarization as a novel mechanism by which co-exposure to Cd and saturated lipids induces hepatic inflammation. Our findings suggest that intervening in macrophage polarization may be a potential approach for mitigating the adverse hepatic effects of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Chai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Feng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Diseases (Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital), Guiyang, China
| | - Meng-Jie Shi
- MD-PhD Program, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxuan Peng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youjia Tian
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangdi Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Luo
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Carlessi R, Denisenko E, Boslem E, Köhn-Gaone J, Main N, Abu Bakar NDB, Shirolkar GD, Jones M, Beasley AB, Poppe D, Dwyer BJ, Jackaman C, Tjiam MC, Lister R, Karin M, Fallowfield JA, Kendall TJ, Forbes SJ, Gray ES, Olynyk JK, Yeoh G, Forrest AR, Ramm GA, Febbraio MA, Tirnitz-Parker JE. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of pre-malignant liver reveals disease-associated hepatocyte state with HCC prognostic potential. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100301. [PMID: 37228755 PMCID: PMC10203275 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches to staging chronic liver diseases have limited utility for predicting liver cancer risk. Here, we employed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to characterize the cellular microenvironment of healthy and pre-malignant livers using two distinct mouse models. Downstream analyses unraveled a previously uncharacterized disease-associated hepatocyte (daHep) transcriptional state. These cells were absent in healthy livers but increasingly prevalent as chronic liver disease progressed. Copy number variation (CNV) analysis of microdissected tissue demonstrated that daHep-enriched regions are riddled with structural variants, suggesting these cells represent a pre-malignant intermediary. Integrated analysis of three recent human snRNA-seq datasets confirmed the presence of a similar phenotype in human chronic liver disease and further supported its enhanced mutational burden. Importantly, we show that high daHep levels precede carcinogenesis and predict a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development. These findings may change the way chronic liver disease patients are staged, surveilled, and risk stratified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Carlessi
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elena Denisenko
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ebru Boslem
- Cellular & Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Julia Köhn-Gaone
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Nathan Main
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - N. Dianah B. Abu Bakar
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Gayatri D. Shirolkar
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Matthew Jones
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Aaron B. Beasley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel Poppe
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Dwyer
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Connie Jackaman
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - M. Christian Tjiam
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ryan Lister
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Fallowfield
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy J. Kendall
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart J. Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elin S. Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - John K. Olynyk
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - George Yeoh
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alistair R.R. Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Grant A. Ramm
- Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Cellular & Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Janina E.E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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Xu Z, Pan C, Chen L, Qian J, Chen X, Zhou L, Zheng S. Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Induces an Antitumor Effect in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via CXCL9 Axis Dependence in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072076. [PMID: 37046739 PMCID: PMC10093317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a refractory tumor, and therapeutic options are very limited. Local ablation has been applied recently. Chemokines play a critical role in the recruitment of immune cells into ablative tumors. Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) shows potential anti-tumor efficacy, but the mechanism for maintaining the immune effect is not very clear. Here, we applied nsPEF for treating 4T1 breast cancer cells in vitro. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied. Anti-CXCL9 was used alone or combined with nsPEF to treat triple-negative breast cancer in mice. We demonstrated that nsPEF effectively induced cell apoptosis and inhibited the growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. An immune effect, especially chemotaxis, was activated by nsPEF. The number of infiltrated CD8+ T cells was increased significantly. We found that the inhibition of residual breast cancer growth by nsPEF was dependent on the CXCL9 axis. In conclusion, our work demonstrated that nsPEF effectively ablated the tumor, aroused an immune response, and inhibited residual breast cancer growth via CXCL9 axis dependence in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentian Xu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Caixu Pan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Luyan Chen
- Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Junjie Qian
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
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44
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Guha Ray A, Odum OP, Wiseman D, Weinstock A. The diverse roles of macrophages in metabolic inflammation and its resolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1147434. [PMID: 36994095 PMCID: PMC10041730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most functionally diverse immune cells, indispensable to maintain tissue integrity and metabolic health. Macrophages perform a myriad of functions ranging from promoting inflammation, through inflammation resolution to restoring and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Metabolic diseases encompass a growing list of diseases which develop from a mix of genetics and environmental cues leading to metabolic dysregulation and subsequent inflammation. In this review, we summarize the contributions of macrophages to four metabolic conditions-insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegeneration. The role of macrophages is complex, yet they hold great promise as potential therapies to address these growing health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ada Weinstock
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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45
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Kohlhepp MS, Liu H, Tacke F, Guillot A. The contradictory roles of macrophages in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and primary liver cancer-Challenges and opportunities. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1129831. [PMID: 36845555 PMCID: PMC9950415 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1129831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases from varying etiologies generally lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Among them, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects roughly one-quarter of the world population, thus representing a major and increasing public health burden. Chronic hepatocyte injury, inflammation (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH) and liver fibrosis are recognized soils for primary liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), being the third most common cause for cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite recent advances in liver disease understanding, therapeutic options on pre-malignant and malignant stages remain limited. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify targetable liver disease-driving mechanisms for the development of novel therapeutics. Monocytes and macrophages comprise a central, yet versatile component of the inflammatory response, fueling chronic liver disease initiation and progression. Recent proteomic and transcriptomic studies performed at singular cell levels revealed a previously overlooked diversity of macrophage subpopulations and functions. Indeed, liver macrophages that encompass liver resident macrophages (also named Kupffer cells) and monocyte-derived macrophages, can acquire a variety of phenotypes depending on microenvironmental cues, and thus exert manifold and sometimes contradictory functions. Those functions range from modulating and exacerbating tissue inflammation to promoting and exaggerating tissue repair mechanisms (i.e., parenchymal regeneration, cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, fibrosis). Due to these central functions, liver macrophages represent an attractive target for the treatment of liver diseases. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted and contrary roles of macrophages in chronic liver diseases, with a particular focus on NAFLD/NASH and HCC. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches targeting liver macrophages.
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46
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Liebold I, Meyer S, Heine M, Kuhl A, Witt J, Eissing L, Fischer AW, Koop AC, Kluwe J, zur Wiesch JS, Wehmeyer M, Knippschild U, Scheja L, Heeren J, Bosurgi L, Worthmann A. TREM2 Regulates the Removal of Apoptotic Cells and Inflammatory Processes during the Progression of NAFLD. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030341. [PMID: 36766683 PMCID: PMC9913311 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver pathology worldwide. In mice and humans, NAFLD progression is characterized by the appearance of TREM2-expressing macrophages in the liver. However, their mechanistic contributions to disease progression have not been completely elucidated. Here, we show that TREM2+ macrophages prevent the generation of a pro-inflammatory response elicited by LPS-laden lipoproteins in vitro. Further, Trem2 expression regulates bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and Kupffer cell capacity to phagocyte apoptotic cells in vitro, which is dependent on CD14 activation. In line with this, loss of Trem2 resulted in an increased pro-inflammatory response, which ultimately aggravated liver fibrosis in murine models of NAFLD. Similarly, in a human NAFLD cohort, plasma levels of TREM2 were increased and hepatic TREM2 expression was correlated with higher levels of liver triglycerides and the acquisition of a fibrotic gene signature. Altogether, our results suggest that TREM2+ macrophages have a protective function during the progression of NAFLD, as they are involved in the processing of pro-inflammatory lipoproteins and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and, thereby, are critical contributors for the re-establishment of liver homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Liebold
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kuhl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Witt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leah Eissing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander W. Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anja Christina Koop
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kluwe
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Amalie Sieveking Hospital, 22359 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Malte Wehmeyer
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (A.W.)
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