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Peng M, Zhang L, Wu Q, Liu H, Zhou X, Cheng N, Wang D, Wu Z, Fang X, Yu L, Huang X. The effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self-injury and depressive severity among adolescents with major depressive disorder: The different mediating roles of positive and negative coping styles. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:508-514. [PMID: 38909757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine whether positive and negative coping styles mediated the influences of childhood trauma on NSSI or depressive severity in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory Chinese Revised Edition (OSIC), the short-form Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were evaluated in 313 adolescents with MDD. RESULTS MDD adolescents with NSSI had higher CTQ-SF total score, emotional and sexual abuse subscale scores, but lower CDI total and subscale scores compared to the patients without NSSI. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that emotional abuse (β = 0.075, 95 % CI: 0.042-0.107) and ineffectiveness (β = -0.084, 95 % CI: -0.160 ∼ -0.009) were significantly associated with the frequency of NSSI in adolescents with MDD, but emotional abuse (β = 0.884, 95 % CI: 0.570-1.197), sexual abuse (β = 0.825, 95 % CI: 0.527-1.124) and negative coping style (β = 0.370, 95 % CI: 0.036-0.704) were independently associated with the depressive severity in these adolescents. Furthermore, the mediation analysis demonstrated that positive coping style partially mediates the effect of childhood trauma on NSSI (Indirect effect = 0.002, 95 % bootCI: 0.001-0.004), while the negative coping style partially mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive severity (Indirect effect = 0.024, 95 % bootCI: 0.005-0.051) in adolescents with MDD. LIMITATIONS A cross-sectional design, the retrospective self-reported data, the small sample size. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that coping styles may serve as mediators on the path from childhood trauma to NSSI or depressive severity in MDD adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Peng
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiangning District, Nanjing 211103, PR China
| | - Qingpei Wu
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Hao Liu
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Nongmei Cheng
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Zenan Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
| | - Lingfang Yu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
| | - Xueping Huang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, No. 102 Jinzi Mountain, Chongqing 401147, PR China.
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Li X, Liu T, Mo X, Wang R, Kong X, Shao R, McIntyre RS, So KF, Lin K. Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cytokines in adolescents with subthreshold depression: a randomized controlled study. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2036-2040. [PMID: 38227533 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202409000-00036/figure1/v/2024-01-16T170235Z/r/image-tiff Strong evidence has accumulated to show a correlation between depression symptoms and inflammatory responses. Moreover, anti-inflammatory treatment has shown partial effectiveness in alleviating depression symptoms. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), derived from Goji berries, exhibits notable antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In our recent double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial, we found that LBP significantly reduced depressive symptoms in adolescents with subthreshold depression. It is presumed that the antidepressant effect of LBP may be associated with its influence on inflammatory cytokines. In the double-blinded randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 29 adolescents with subthreshold depression and randomly divided them into an LBP group and a placebo group. In the LBP group, adolescents were given 300 mg/d LBP. A 6-week follow up was completed by 24 adolescents, comprising 14 adolescents from the LBP group (15.36 ± 2.06 years, 3 men and 11 women) and 10 adolescents from the placebo group (14.9 ± 1.6 years, 2 men and 8 women). Our results showed that after 6 weeks of treatment, the interleukin-17A level in the LBP group was lower than that in the placebo group. Network analysis showed that LBP reduced the correlations and connectivity between inflammatory factors, which were associated with the improvement in depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that 6-week administration of LBP suppresses the immune response by reducing interleukin-17A level, thereby exerting an antidepressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuan Mo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Runhua Wang
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xueyan Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Robin Shao
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Poul Hansen Family Centre for Depression, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kangguang Lin
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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3
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McGovern R, Balogun-Katung A, Artis B, Bareham B, Spencer L, Alderson H, Brown E, Brown J, Lingam R, McArdle P, Newham JJ, Wojciechowska A, Rankin J, Redgate S, Thomason P, Kaner E. The Effectiveness of Preventative Interventions to Reduce Mental Health Problems in at-risk Children and Young People: A Systematic Review of Reviews. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:651-684. [PMID: 38884876 PMCID: PMC11271346 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mental health problems are the leading cause of childhood disability worldwide, resulting in poor outcomes for children and young people that persist into adulthood. It is essential that those young people most at risk of developing mental health problems receive effective preventative interventions. Whilst there have been a number of systematic reviews which have examined the effectiveness of secondary prevention interventions for specific groups of children and young people, or to address identified mental health concerns, no review has engaged with the breadth of this literature. We conducted a systematic review of systematic reviews to map this complex field of secondary preventative interventions and identify effective interventions to prevent mental health problems in children and adolescents aged 3-17 years. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO. We searched five electronic databases from inception to February 2023. The certainty of the evidence was appraised using the AMSTAR 2. We included 49 unique systematic reviews each including between 2 and 249 (mean 34) unique studies; the majority of which were reviews which included only or mostly randomised controlled trials (70%). The reviews examined selective interventions (defined as interventions which are delivered to sub-group populations of young people at increased risk of mental health problems) (n = 22), indicated interventions (defined as interventions which target young people who are found to have pre-clinical symptoms) (n = 15) or a synthesis of both (n = 12). The certainty of the evidence in the reviews was rated as high, (n = 12) moderate (n = 5), low (n = 9) and critically low (n = 23). We found evidence to support both selective and indicated interventions in a range of populations and settings, with most of this evidence available for children and young people in their mid-years (6-10 years) and early adolescence (11-13 years). There was a large body of evidence suggesting that resilience enhancing, cognitive behaviour therapy-based and psychoeducational interventions for children who experience adversity, or those with subclinical externalising problems may offer promise. Early selective interventions for a subpopulation of children and young people who have experienced adversity which combines risk reduction and resilience enhancing approaches directed at children and their families may be effective at reducing mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- R McGovern
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - A Balogun-Katung
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - B Artis
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - B Bareham
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - L Spencer
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - H Alderson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - E Brown
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - J Brown
- Children's Social Care, Newcastle City Council, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - R Lingam
- Population Child Health Research Group, School of Women and Children's Health, University New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - P McArdle
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J J Newham
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Wojciechowska
- Disabilities Integrated Team at the Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys, NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Rankin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - S Redgate
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - P Thomason
- Children's Social Care, Gateshead Council, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - E Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
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Zhong Y, Perlman G, Klein DN, Jin J, Kotov R. The Prospective Predictive Power of Parent-Reported Personality Traits and Facets in First-Onset Depression in Adolescent Girls. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:1221-1231. [PMID: 38502402 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Certain personality traits and facets are well-known risk factors that predict first-onset depression during adolescence. However, prior research predominantly relied on self-reported data, which has limitations as a source of personality information. Reports from close informants have the potential to increase the predictive power of personality on first-onsets of depression in adolescents. With easy access to adolescents' behaviors across settings and time, parents may provide important additional information about their children's personality. The same personality trait(s) and facet(s) rated by selves (mean age 14.4 years old) and biological parents at baseline were used to prospectively predict depression onsets among 442 adolescent girls during a 72-month follow-up. First, bivariate logistic regression was used to examine whether parent-reported personality measures predicted adolescent girls' depression onsets; then multivariate logistic regression was used to test whether parent reports provided additional predictive power above and beyond self-reports of same trait or facet. Parent-reported personality traits and facets predicted adolescents' depression onsets, similar to findings using self-reported data. After controlling for the corresponding self-report measures, parent-reported higher openness (at the trait level) and higher depressivity (at the facet-level) incrementally predicted first-onset of depression in the sample. Findings demonstrated additional variance contributed by parent-reported personality measures and validated a multi-informant approach in using personality to prospectively predict onsets of depression in adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhong
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel N Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jingwen Jin
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Borairi S, Deneault AA, Madigan S, Fearon P, Devereux C, Geer M, Jeyanayagam B, Martini J, Jenkins J. A meta-analytic examination of sensitive responsiveness as a mediator between depression in mothers and psychopathology in children. Attach Hum Dev 2024; 26:273-300. [PMID: 38860779 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2024.2359689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The current meta-analysis examined the mediating role of sensitive-responsive parenting in the relationship between depression in mothers and internalizing and externalizing behavior in children. A systematic review of the path of maternal sensitive responsiveness to child psychopathology identified eligible studies. Meta-analytic structural equation modelling (MASEM) allowed for the systematic examination of the magnitude of the indirect effect across 68 studies (N = 15,579) for internalizing and 92 studies (N = 26,218) for externalizing psychopathology. The synthesized sample included predominantly White, English-speaking children (age range = 1 to 205 months; Mage = 66 months; 47% female) from Western, industrialized countries. The indirect pathway was small in magnitude and similar for externalizing (b = .02) and internalizing psychopathology (b = .01). Moderator analyses found that the indirect pathway for externalizing problems was stronger when mother-child interactions were observed during naturalistic and free-play tasks rather than structured tasks. Other tested moderators were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Borairi
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chloe Devereux
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Melissa Geer
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Julia Martini
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer Jenkins
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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6
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Vestin M, Blomqvist I, Henje E, Dennhag I. Psychometric validation of the Montgomery-åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) in a clinical sample. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:525-532. [PMID: 38967988 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2374417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression in adolescence is a serious major global health problem with increasing rates of prevalence. Measures of depression that are valid for young people are clearly needed in clinical contexts. METHODS The study included 577 patients from child and adolescent psychiatry (n = 471) and primary care (n = 106) aged 12-22 years in Sweden (Mage=16.7 years; 76% female). The reliability and validity for Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) were investigated. To confirm the latent structure, we used a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to test total score differences between diagnostic groups. Using Spearman's rho correlations, we examine whether single items in the MADRS-Y correlate with suicidal ideation measured by The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-JR (SIQ-JR). RESULTS The internal consistency using McDonald's coefficient omega was excellent. The CFA of the 12-item MADRS-Y supported a one factor structure. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was shown. There was a significant difference in MADRS-Y scores across diagnostic groups, with higher results for depressive disorders. A strong correlation with suicidal ideation was found for two items. CONCLUSIONS The results support MADRS-Y as a brief, reliable, and valid self-report questionnaire of depressive symptoms for young patients in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Vestin
- Department of Clinical Science, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ida Blomqvist
- Department of Clinical Science, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eva Henje
- Department of Clinical Science, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Inga Dennhag
- Department of Clinical Science, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Adamo N, Singh SP, Bölte S, Coghill D, Newcorn JH, Parlatini V, Purper-Ouakil D, Rausch J, Rohde L, Santosh P, Banaschewski T, Buitelaar JK. Practitioner Review: Continuity of mental health care from childhood to adulthood for youths with ADHD - who, how and when? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 39014993 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Many youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience significant long-term impairment and may develop concurrent mental and somatic health difficulties as adults. This is associated with burden and costs for the individual and society which could be prevented through continued support in youth. Yet, only few young people transition to adult mental health services for ongoing care in different countries worldwide. We provide an overview on current transition practices, highlighting the gaps in knowledge and the barriers to effective service transitioning, while considering the large geographical variation in available guidelines and service provision. For ease of use, this review is organized in a question-and-answer format covering different aspects of the transition process and considering both service users' and clinicians' perspectives. Consensus is needed to identify those that require continued care, the optimal timing to arrange transition, and the most suitable services. Finally, we discuss cost-effectiveness of transition practices, consider examples of best practice, and propose recommendations on how to improve transitional care, including the importance of service users' input into transition planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Adamo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Swaran P Singh
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Coghill
- Departments of Paediatrics and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey H Newcorn
- Departments of psychiatry and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valeria Parlatini
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Diane Purper-Ouakil
- CHU Montpellier-Saint Eloi, Médecine Psychologique de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Montpellier, France
- INSERM 1018 CESP Psychiatry, Development and Trajectories, Villejuif, France
| | - Juliane Rausch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luis Rohde
- ADHD Outpatient Program & Developmental Psychiatry Program, Hospital de Clinica de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical School Council, UniEduK, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry & National Center for Innovation and Research in Mental Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paramala Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases (CIPPRD), National and Specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
- HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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Luo S, Mei Z, Fang G, Mu G, Zhang X, Luo S. Effects of mind-body therapies on depression among adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1431062. [PMID: 39050611 PMCID: PMC11266190 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1431062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression poses significant threats to adolescents' health globally. Research has shown the potential of mind-body therapies to alleviate depression, but limited studies have directly compared the therapeutic effects of different types of mind-body therapies on adolescent depression and the optimal therapy remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria to explore the effectiveness of different types of mind-body therapies as interventions to improve depression among adolescents, and to identify the most effective interventions. Methods A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus up to January 2024 was conducted to assess the impact of mind-body therapies on depression among adolescents. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Review Manager 5.4. STATA 18.0 was used for network meta-analysis. The node-splitting method was used to test the local inconsistency of the network meta-analysis. Funnel plots and the Egger's test were utilized to assess the potential impact of bias in this study. Result This network meta-analysis included 9 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 955 subjects. The results indicated that yoga, dance therapy and Tai Chi were more effective than other mind-body therapies in reducing symptoms of depression among adolescents. Specifically, according to the SUCRA ranking, yoga was rated to be the optimal intervention for adolescents with depression (SCURA: 82.2%), followed by dance therapy (SCURA: 77.5%) and Tai Chi (SCURA: 64.9%). Conclusion This study revealed that mind-body therapies have positive effects on improving depression among adolescents. Yoga may be the most effective intervention among the different types of mind-body therapies. However, due to the small sample size of patients included, the certainty of the results was limited to some extent. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to strengthen the evidence base when more relevant studies become available. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024508774.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shi Luo
- School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Su Z, Qiu W, Yang Y, Chen X, Ding R, Pan J. Emotion regulation strategies and depression in mother-adolescent dyads: An actor-partner interdependence model approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38978278 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Parent-adolescent emotion dynamics have attracted increasing attention in recent years because adolescence is a challenging period for both adolescents and parents. However, how emotions are coconstructed between parents and adolescents is less clear. This study examined whether mothers' and adolescents' emotion regulation strategy was linked with their own and each other's depression using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). The participants were 173 mother-adolescent pairs (Mother: Mage = 43.05 years old, SD = 3.78; Adolescent: Mage = 13.00 years old, SD = 0.90). The results showed that the more mothers used cognitive reappraisal, the lower their depression levels were; and the more mothers and adolescents used expressive suppression, the higher their levels of depression were. Additionally, maternal expressive suppression was associated with adolescent depressive symptoms. Moreover, the results revealed that for mothers with higher levels of expressive suppression, their adolescents' usage of expressive suppression was significantly positively related to adolescents' depression, while for those mothers with lower levels of expressive suppression, there was no significant correlation between adolescents' usage of expressive suppression and depression. The findings underscore the significance of recognising the interdependence and interconnected nature of emotions within parent-adolescent relationships for a comprehensive understanding of their emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghuang Su
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Qiu
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Baiyun University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Ding
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Pan
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Tang P, Kostyrka-Allchorne K, Butura AM, Phillips-Owen J, Sonuga-Barke E. Reciprocal developmental pathways between future-related thinking and symptoms of adolescent depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 112:102465. [PMID: 39002184 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time when important decisions about the future are made and vulnerability to mental health problems increases. We reviewed longitudinal studies examining the reciprocal pathways between future-related thinking (hopelessness, hope, optimism/positive future expectations) and adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms. Evidence from 22 studies (N = 10,682) found that negative future-related thinking predicted subsequent depression (r = 0.27, p < .001), an effect still significant after controlling for baseline depression (r = 0.23, p < .001). Higher hopelessness (r = 0.34, p < .001), lower hope (r = 0.16, p < .001), and reduced optimism/positive future expectations (r = 0.18, p < .001) were associated with subsequently increased depressive symptoms. Negative future-related thinking also predicted later increased anxiety symptoms (r = 0.15, p = .021). Concerning the reciprocal pathway, depressive symptoms were associated with later negative future-related thinking (r = 0.32, p < .001), which remained after baseline levels of future-related thinking were controlled (r = 0.07, p = .02). There were insufficient studies to infer reciprocal links between anxiety and future-related thinking. Our analyses provided evidence of a reciprocal developmental relationship between depressive symptoms and future-related thinking, implying a negative cycle. Identifying precursors of this cycle could provide the basis for depression prevention in adolescents and promote better decision-making about the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Tang
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | | | - Ana-Maria Butura
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Jacqueline Phillips-Owen
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Edmund Sonuga-Barke
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University, Denmark
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11
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Inci Izmir SB, Çitil Akyol C. EMDR Flash Technique in adolescents with depression: A twelve-week follow-up study. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:949-965. [PMID: 38631366 DOI: 10.1177/13591045241247701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the specific effects of the EMDR Flash Technique on adolescents with depression. This follow-up study consists of 32 adolescents, 12-17 years of age (M = 14.34, SD = 1.56), including 7 males and 25 females. They were evaluated with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Children Revised Impact of Event Scale-8 (Crıes-8). These were administered at baseline, at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. The EMDR Flash Technique which can be utilized in the preparation phase of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to reduce the intensity of highly distressing memories rapidly and relatively painlessly was applied for 12 weeks, one session per week as a free-standing intervention. Also, the EMDR Flash Technique can be effective in decreasing the rate of noncompliance and drop-outs of adolescents. The baseline means of total BDI scores decreased from 48.19 to 2.16 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Also, the CRIES scores decreased from 31.78 to 0.44 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. In addition, the baseline means of SUD scores decreased from 9.53 to zero at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Overall, our results underscore the effectiveness of the EMDR-Flash Technique in adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Berrin Inci Izmir
- Institute on Social Science, Department of Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychology, Isık University, Turkey
| | - Canan Çitil Akyol
- Faculty of Letters, Department of Psychology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
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Hetlevik Ø, Smith-Sivertsen T, Haukenes I, Ruths S, Baste V. Young adults with depression: A registry-based longitudinal study of work-life marginalisation. The Norwegian GP-DEP study. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:590-597. [PMID: 37066887 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231165089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the association between a depression diagnosis in young adulthood and risk of marginalisation at age 29 years, among those who had completed upper secondary school and those who had not completed at age 21. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort study based on nationwide registers we followed 111,558 people from age 22-29 years. Outcomes were risk of marginalisation and educational achievement at age 29. Exposure was a diagnosed depression at ages 22-26 years. Comorbid mental and somatic health conditions, gender and country of origin were covariates. Relative risks were estimated with Poisson regression models, stratified by educational level at age 21. RESULTS For people who had not completed upper secondary school at age 21 years, a depression diagnosis at age 22-26 increased the risk of low income (relative risk = 1.33; 95% confidence interval = 1.25-1.40), prolonged unemployment benefit (1.46; 1.38-1.55) and social security benefit (1.56; 1.41-1.74) at age 29 compared with those with no depression. Among those who had completed upper secondary school at age 21 years, depression increased the risk of low income (1.71; 1.60-1.83), prolonged unemployment benefit (2.17; 2.03-2.31), social security benefit (3.62; 2.91-4.51) and disability pension (4.43; 3.26-6.01) compared with those with no depression. Mental comorbidity had a significant impact on risk of marginalisation in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Depression in one's mid-20s significantly increases the risk of marginalisation at age 29 years, and comorbid mental health conditions reinforce this association. Functional ability should be given priority in depression care in early adulthood to counteract marginalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Hetlevik
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
| | - Tone Smith-Sivertsen
- Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Inger Haukenes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
| | - Sabine Ruths
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
| | - Valborg Baste
- Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
- National Centre for Emergency Primary Health Care, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
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Ienna AF, Sicouri G, Peters L, Hudson JL. Psychometric properties of the Child Anxiety and Depression Life Interference Scale - Young Adult version. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38938119 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A life interference measure specifically designed for young adults with anxiety and depressive symptoms does not currently exist. This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report measure of life interference associated with young adult anxiety and depression, the Child Anxiety and Depression Life Interference Scale - Young Adult version (CADLIS-YA). DESIGN Cross-sectional, correlational and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). METHODS Five-hundred and thirty-two participants aged 18-24 years recruited from an undergraduate and community sample completed the CADLIS-YA. RESULTS An EFA supported a three-factor model describing the impact of young adult anxiety and depression on social life, family and daily life interference. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were good to excellent. Convergent validity was demonstrated, and the scale differentiated between young adults with and without elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms. Support for divergent validity was limited. CONCLUSIONS The CADLIS-YA is a reliable and valid life interference measure for young adults with symptoms of anxiety and depression. It is potentially suitable for administration in low-resource research settings and it has promise for use in clinical settings; however, it needs validation in a clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian F Ienna
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gemma Sicouri
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lorna Peters
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Hudson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Olisaeloka L, Udokanma E, Ashraf A. Psychosocial interventions for depression among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Syst 2024; 18:24. [PMID: 38909254 PMCID: PMC11193191 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-024-00642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression among young people is a global health problem due to its rising prevalence and negative physical and social outcomes. The prevalence of depression and the treatment gap among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is higher than global estimates. Most psychosocial interventions for adolescent and youth depression were developed in high-income countries and less is known about their effectiveness in SSA. Due to contextual differences, findings from High-Income Countries (HICs) are less applicable to SSA. Yet, no systematic review of psychosocial interventions for depression among young people in SSA has been conducted. METHODS A systematic literature search of four databases (Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane library) was conducted. Experimental studies published before May 2024 that evaluated the effect of psychosocial interventions on depressive symptoms among young people (aged 10-24 years) in SSA were included in the systematic review. Effect sizes (Hedge's g (g)) indicating differences between intervention and control groups were calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS Twenty-two eligible studies were identified for the systematic review, of which eighteen randomized control trials (RCTs) involving 2338 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The findings revealed that psychosocial interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms (g = -1.55, 95% CI -2.48, -0.63), although heterogeneity was high (I2 = 98.8%). Subgroup analysis revealed that efficacy differed significantly by intervention type, with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (9 studies) showing the strongest effect (g = -2.84, 95% CI -4.29; -1.38). While Wise Interventions (a form of positive psychology interventions; 2 studies) had a moderate effect (g = -0.46, 95% C.I -0.53, -0.39), Interpersonal Psychotherapy (2 studies; g = -0.08, 95% CI -1.05, 0.88) and Creative Psychological Interventions (3 studies; g = -0.29, 95% CI -1.38, 0.79) showed smaller, non-significant effects. Sensitivity analysis excluding studies at high risk of bias strengthened the effect size. Few studies assessed factors affecting intervention efficacy and showed mixed effects of age, gender, and adherence levels. CONCLUSION Psychosocial interventions, particularly CBT, significantly reduced depressive symptoms among young people in SSA. However, it is crucial to acknowledge the high heterogeneity which likely stems from variations in study populations and intervention delivery modalities. This highlights the need for further research to identify the specific intervention components and delivery methods that work best for distinct subpopulations. Future research should also explore how long intervention effects are maintained and factors affecting efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Echezona Udokanma
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Nursing, City University of London, London, UK
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15
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Huang X, Chen Y, Luo J, Wang D, Yang C, Luo W, Zhou Y. The effect of behavioral activation play therapy in adolescents with depression: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304084. [PMID: 38900751 PMCID: PMC11189190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common psychological problem in adolescents worldwide. Although the World Health Organization recommends that members of this population engage in physical activity to reduce depressive symptoms, compliance with this recommendation is often low. Furthermore, although behavioral activation (BA) is recommended as a treatment for adolescents with depression, the reported effect size is small. Compared with traditional exercises, gamified physical activity (GPA) can be particularly appealing to adolescents because it is perceived as an enjoyable experience. In this study, we integrated BA and GPA to create behavioral activation play therapy (BAPT). We designed a clinical trial to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of this treatment in adolescents with depression. METHODS This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a three-arm, assessor-blinded design, conducted to validate the effectiveness and applicability of BAPT for treating adolescent with depression. We will recruit 258 participants and randomly assign them to a BAPT group, BA group, or GPA group using a ratio of 1:1:1. Based on conventional strategies for treatment and care, the three groups will receive nine BAPT sessions, nine BA sessions, or nine GPA sessions, respectively. We will compare the outcomes of the BAPT with those of the BA and GPA interventions. DISCUSSION This is the first RCT to explore the effectiveness and applicability of BAPT in adolescents with depression. This study will provide evidence that may help to decrease depressive symptoms in adolescents, and will demonstrate the treatment effectiveness in terms of increasing levels of physical activity, reducing the rate of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors, and improving sleep quality. We will also assess the presence of side effects and the treatment adherence of patients receiving BAPT. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300072671. Registered on 20 June 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Huang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Dongdong Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chanjuan Yang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Yang Z, Luo Y, Chen F, Qi M, Luo R, Li Y, Wang Y. Exploring the Co-Occurrence of Depressive Symptoms and Aggression among Chinese Adolescents: Patterns and Stability. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02028-0. [PMID: 38877364 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms and aggression frequently occur together, and this co-occurrence may result in more severe developmental problems. However, it is unclear if there are distinct patterns of co-occurrence. This study investigated the co-occurrence patterns of depressive symptoms and aggression, and examined their stability and demographic characteristics. A total of 1010 Chinese adolescents (50.6% girls; mean age at T1 = 12.54 years, SD = 0.42) participated in annual surveys over three years (2019-2021). Three different patterns of co-occurrence were found except for the normal group: depression-dominant co-occurrence (13.6%), aggression-dominant co-occurrence (3.2%), and moderate co-occurrence (6.0%) (T1). In these co-occurrence patterns, adolescents classified as aggression-dominant co-occurrence exhibited the most instability and frequent changes, while adolescents classified as depression-dominant co-occurrence exhibited the most stability. Boys or younger adolescents were more likely to exhibit the aggression-dominant co-occurrence, while girls or older adolescents were more likely to exhibit the depression-dominant co-occurrence. The findings indicate that the co-occurrence patterns observed are distinct and are dominated by aggression or depression, which implies the need for targeted intervention practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Luo
- School of education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fumei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Shenzhen Guangming District Institute of Education Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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17
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Ferreira-Maia AP, Gorenstein C, Wang YP. Comprehensive investigation of factor structure and gender equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among nonclinical adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02478-8. [PMID: 38849669 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is a widely used tool for rating the severity of depressive symptoms. Studies on the factor structure of the BDI-II in adolescents have yielded controversial findings. Most studies have reported an oblique two-factor model that describes the 'cognitive' and 'somatic-affective' dimensions. However, there is variation in the item composition of each factor across studies. Alternative factor structures have been proposed, including one-factor, three-factor, hierarchical, and bifactor models. Additionally, there is limited data on measurement invariance across genders. This study aimed to examine hypothetical factor structures and gender equivalence of the BDI-II in a sample of Brazilian nonclinical adolescents (N = 1,184, aged 13-18 years, 59.1% females). Cross-validation of the BDI-II was performed through exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance was evaluated using multigroup-CFA (MG-CFA). EFA suggested an oblique two-factor model depicting "affective-cognitive" and "somatic" dimensions. CFA tested competing models for the structure of BDI-II, including the simple one- and two-factor models, a bifactor model, and the EFA model along with its corresponding bifactor model. All models demonstrated adequate and similar fitness, well-defined factors, and good reliability. Bifactor analyses indicated a robust general factor with low reliable variance in total scores attributed to multidimensionality caused by the group factors in bifactor models. MG-CFA supported invariance across gender, suggesting that the same BDI-II construct could be applied to both female and male adolescents. This study provides evidence that the BDI-II could be used as a unidimensional measure of depressive symptoms in adolescents by researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Ferreira-Maia
- Institute & Department of Psychiatry (LIM-23), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarice Gorenstein
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Institute & Department of Psychiatry (LIM-23), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
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18
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Veldman K, van Zon SKR, Bültmann U. Once in NEET, always in NEET? Childhood and adolescent risk factors for different NEET patterns. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:505-510. [PMID: 38441157 PMCID: PMC11161160 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults in Neither in Employment, Education nor Training (NEET) are at risk of adverse labour market outcomes. Earlier studies often measured NEET status at one time point or compared persistent NEETs with non-NEETs, neglecting other patterns of NEET status. Evidence on early life factors associated with NEET patterns is lacking. This study aims to (i) identify patterns of NEET status over time and (ii) examine whether factors in childhood and adolescence are associated with these patterns. METHODS Data were used from 1499 participants of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a Dutch prospective cohort study with 15-year follow-up. NEET status was assessed at ages 19, 22 and 26. Socioeconomic status of parents (SES), intelligence and negative life events were measured at age 11, educational attainment at age 26 and mental health problems at ages 11, 13.5 and 16. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Four NEET patterns were identified: (i) non-NEETs (85.2%), (ii) early NEETs (4.5%), (iii) late NEETs (5.7%) and (iv) persistent NEETs (4.5%). Reporting internalizing problems at age 11 was a risk factor for early and late NEETs [odds ratio (OR) 2.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-6.62; OR 5.00, 95% CI 2.22-11.3, respectively]. Low parental SES, lower intelligence scores and negative life events (≥3) were risk factors for persistent NEETs (OR 4.45, 95% CI 2.00-9.91; OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98; OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.62-12.08, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of timing and duration of NEET status and emphasize the need for tailored interventions to prevent specific NEET patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Veldman
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander K R van Zon
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chen EYJ, Tung EYL. Similarities and Differences in the Longitudinal Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms from Mid-Adolescence to Young Adulthood: the Intersectionality of Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Levels of Depressive Symptoms. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:1541-1556. [PMID: 37162740 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding similarities and differences between groups with intersecting social identities provides key information in research and practice to promote well-being. Building on the intersectionality literature indicating significant gender and racial/ethnic differences in depressive symptoms, the present study used quantile regression to systematically present the diversity in the development of depressive symptoms for individuals with intersecting gender, race/ethnicity, and levels of symptoms. METHODS Information from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79: Child and Young Adult study was employed. A detailed picture of depressive symptom trajectories from low to high quantiles was illustrated by depicting 13 quantile-specific trajectories using follow-up data from ages 15 to 40 in six gender-race/ethnicity groups: both genders of Black, Hispanic, and non-Black, non-Hispanic individuals. RESULTS From low to high quantiles, Black and non-Black, non-Hispanic individuals showed mostly curved, and Hispanic individuals showed mostly flat trajectories. Across the six gender-race/ethnicity groups, the trajectories below 0.50 quantiles were similar in levels and shapes from mid-adolescence to young adulthood. The differences between the six gender-race/ethnicity groups widened, indicated by outspreading trajectories, especially at quantiles above 0.50. Furthermore, non-Black, non-Hispanic males and females showed especially fast-increasing patterns at quantiles above 0.75. Among those without or with only a high school degree, Black females and non-Black, non-Hispanic females tended to report similar levels of depressive symptoms higher than other groups at high quantiles. These unique longitudinal trajectory profiles cannot be captured by the mean trajectories. CONCLUSIONS The intersectionality of gender, race/ethnicity, and quantile of symptoms on the development of depressive symptoms was identified. Further studying the mechanism explaining this diversity can help reduce mental health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Educational Psychology, Foundations, and Leadership Studies, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, 50614, USA.
| | - Eli Yi-Liang Tung
- Department of Analytics and Operations, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
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20
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Courtney D, Mason J, Amani B, Rodak T, Szatmari P, Henderson J, de Oliveira C. Economic evaluations of treatment of depressive disorders in adolescents: Protocol for a scoping review. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:391-396. [PMID: 38323501 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM Depressive disorders in adolescents are common and impairing. Evidence-based treatments are available; however, at a cost. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we anticipate increased demand for treatment services for adolescents with depression. We also anticipate that economic resources will be strained. Identifying cost-effective strategies to optimally treat depression in adolescents is imperative. This protocol for a scoping review aims to describe the literature with respect to economic evaluations of treatments for depression in adolescents. METHODS We will conduct a scoping review using established methods and reporting guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsyclNFO, Econlit, and the International HTA Database will be searched from inception to June 13, 2023, with an update closer to time of manuscript submission, while the NHS Economic Evaluation Database archives will be searched from inception to December 2014. Publications that contain economic evaluations, in the context of a clinical trial or a model-based study, testing a treatment of depression in adolescents will be selected for inclusion. Extracted data items will include: economic evaluation perspectives, health outcome variables and costs used in economic evaluations, types of analyses performed, as well as quality of reporting and methodology. RESULT A narrative synthesis with summary tables will be used to describe our findings. CONCLUSION Our findings will help identify gaps in the literature with respect to economic analyses for the treatment of depression such that these gaps can be filled with future research. Policy-makers, funders and administrators may also use our findings to inform their decisions around provision of various treatments for depression in adolescents. REGISTRATION osf.io/5fteb (note that information on this link will be updated upon acceptance for publication based on reviewer comments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Courtney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joyce Mason
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bahar Amani
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terri Rodak
- CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jo Henderson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sun K, Chen M, Feng D, Cao C. Intergenerational Transmission of Depressive Symptoms from Mothers to Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:600-612. [PMID: 36327044 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Substantial literature investigating the intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms has primarily focused on mothers and adolescents, whereas less is known about the potential role of fathers, especially their parenting behaviors. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the mediating role of maternal parenting, and the moderating role of paternal parenting in this intergenerational transmission pathway. A total of 528 Chinese community adolescents (Mage = 12.70 ± 1.49 years; 48.7%, girls) and their mothers participated. After adolescent sex, age, maternal educational levels, and monthly household income were controlled for, both maternal warmth and rejection mediated the association between maternal and adolescent depressive symptoms. More importantly, paternal warmth buffered the adverse effect of maternal depressive symptoms and maternal rejection on adolescent depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the buffering role of paternal parenting in blocking the intergenerational transmission risk of depressive symptoms from mothers to adolescents and emphasize the need for father-focused interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Sun
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meijing Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Danjun Feng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cong Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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22
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Thulin EJ, Kusunoki Y, Kernsmith PD, Smith-Darden JP, Grogan-Kaylor A, Zimmerman M, Heinze JE. Longitudinal Effects of Electronic Dating Violence on Depressive Symptoms and Delinquent Behaviors Across Adolescence. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:2526-2551. [PMID: 38158747 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231221281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms and delinquent behaviors that emerge during adolescence pose both short- and long-term negative outcomes. Though there is growing evidence that exposure to teen dating violence is also associated with a greater likelihood of depressive symptoms and delinquent behaviors such as engaging in peer violence and substance use, less is known about the effects of specific forms of electronic dating violence (i.e., electronic harassment, electronic coercion, and electronic monitoring) across adolescence on depressive symptoms and delinquent behaviors. Data were drawn from a 4-year prospective longitudinal study of two cohorts of youth followed from age 12 to 15 (n = 526, 52% female) and age 15 to 18 (n = 592, 53% female). Two mixed-effects models (stratified by cohort) were employed to evaluate depressive symptoms and delinquent behavior outcomes by exposure to electronic harassment, electronic coercion, and electronic monitoring, while accounting for verbal dating violence, physical dating violence, sexual dating violence, exposure to threat-based adverse childhood experiences, exposure to deprivation-based adverse childhood experiences, and gender across all four waves of data collection. Higher exposure to electronic sexual coercion was predictive of increased depression (β = .015, p = .018). Increased exposure to electronic sexual coercion (β = .007, p = .004) and electronic monitoring (β = .008, p = .045) were both predictive of more delinquency across adolescence. By delineating the effects of in-person verbal, physical, and sexual dating violence with unique electronic domains, we found unique additional risk from domains of electronic dating violence, which was particularly pronounced for youth who reported electronic sexual coercion. Electronic sexual coercion heightens the risk of depressive symptoms and delinquent behaviors in males and females beyond the risk presented by in-person forms of dating violence and should be accounted for in prevention and intervention programs. Future research should explore the effect of perceived normativity on the prevalence of electronic harassment and subsequent influence on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Joan Thulin
- Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute of Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Zimmerman
- Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute of Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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23
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Marino EN, Jha MK, Minhajuddin A, Ayvaci ER, Levinson S, Pipes R, Emslie GJ, Trivedi MH. Problematic substance use in depressed adolescents: Prevalence and clinical correlates. Addict Behav Rep 2024; 19:100539. [PMID: 38510109 PMCID: PMC10951442 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Substance use among adolescents is common and associated with significant consequences, including depression. Adolescents can experience myriad problems related to early onset substance use and depression, making further understanding of this comorbidity necessary. Method Participants were a subset from a large-scale performance improvement project and consisted of adolescents aged 12-18 who screened positive for depression during their routine medical or psychiatric appointment and who then completed the substance use assessment Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble Version 2.1 (CRAFFT). Participants with problematic substance use had a CRAFFT score ≥2. Results A total of 621 participants were included in this study, and 105 (16.9%) reported problematic substance use. Compared with participants without problematic substance use, those with problematic use were more likely to have moderate to severe depression and anxiety, as well as significantly higher irritability, impulsivity, suicidal propensity, and suicidal thoughts scores. Controlling for age at screening, sex, race, and ethnicity, problematic substance use remained a significant predictor of depression severity, impulsivity, suicidal propensity, and suicidal thoughts. Limitations Participants were from a large, metropolitan area of the Southwest United States who must have screened positive for depression, so results may not generalize. Because all participants were underage, they may have been wary in responding to the substance use assessment accurately. Conclusions By using a large, diverse sample in a real-world clinical setting, findings strengthen the association between problematic substance use and depression and depression-associated symptoms among adolescents, highlighting the need for early detection and universal depression screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise N. Marino
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Manish K. Jha
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Abu Minhajuddin
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Emine Rabia Ayvaci
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sara Levinson
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ronny Pipes
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Graham J. Emslie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Madhukar H. Trivedi
- Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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24
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Causier C, Johns L, Radez J, Hassan H, Maughan D, Waite F. Experiences of Help-Seeking for Severe Mental Health Problems in Young Pakistani Women: A Preliminary Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 55:429-443. [PMID: 38766627 PMCID: PMC11101305 DOI: 10.1177/00220221241236944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Almost three quarters of mental illnesses start by the age of 25, yet youth (18-25-year-olds) are often underrepresented in U.K. services. This is particularly true for those of ethnic minorities. In this study, we aimed to understand how young Pakistani women and their parents make decisions to seek help for severe mental health problems, and the barriers and facilitators to accessing professional help. Young Pakistani women with experience of severe mental health problems and their parents were recruited from a community sample. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six young people and two parents. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Pakistani culture and its interplay with British culture strongly influenced the decisions and ability of young Pakistani women and their parents to help-seek, largely through the role of stigma. Low mental health literacy, stigma, and a lack of culturally informed services were identified as the most common barriers to accessing care. These barriers fed into the internalized stigma these young women experienced which, through fear of damaged reputation and personal prejudices, posed further barriers to seeking help. Participants highlighted recommendations for both individual-level (e.g., increased education and awareness) and service-level (e.g., greater choice over care) change to facilitate accessibility of professional help. Young Pakistani women face multiple culturally related challenges to accessing care for severe mental health problems at both the individual- and service-level. Novel suggestions to address these challenges, such as including youth peer support workers in services, may facilitate more inclusive and accessible services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Causier
- University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Louise Johns
- University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Jerica Radez
- University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Hibah Hassan
- University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Felicity Waite
- University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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25
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Yu T, Hu J, Zhao J. Childhood emotional abuse and depression symptoms among Chinese adolescents: The sequential masking effect of ruminative thinking and deliberate rumination. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106854. [PMID: 38823333 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study delves into the relationship between childhood trauma and adolescent depression symptoms, specifically examining the distinct roles of ruminative thinking and deliberate rumination in mediating this connection. The focus is on exploring whether these cognitive processes, namely ruminative thinking and deliberate rumination, operate differently and sequentially in mediating the impact of childhood emotional abuse (CEA) on the development of depression symptoms among Chinese adolescents. METHODS The study involved gathering data from 489 adolescents, with a relatively balanced gender distribution (44.79 % males and 55.21 % females). The average age of the participants was 16.92 years, with a standard deviation of 0.67. Data collection took place in two Chinese high schools, and participants were tasked with completing assessments related to CEA, ruminative thinking, deliberate rumination, and depression symptoms. The interplay among these variables was then examined using a serial mediation model. RESULTS The findings of the study indicate that CEA not only exhibited a direct association with adolescent depression symptoms but also exerted indirect effects through distinct mediating mechanisms involving ruminative thinking and deliberate rumination. Specifically, ruminative thinking was identified as a mediator, whereas deliberate rumination emerged as a buffer in the relationship between CEA and depression. Additionally, ruminative thinking and deliberate rumination partially masked the effect of CEA on adolescent depression symptoms in a sequential pattern. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the link from CEA to adolescent depression symptoms, ruminative thinking is an adverse mediator while deliberate rumination appears to play a benign role. Consequently, the promotion of a shift from ruminative thinking to deliberate rumination is proposed as a promising strategy for alleviating the detrimental effects of CEA on adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxu Yu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian City 116029, China.
| | - Jinsheng Hu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian City 116029, China.
| | - Jiayin Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian City 116029, China.
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26
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López-López JA, Tilling K, Pearson RM, Fazel MS, Washbrook E, Zhu Y, Smith BJ, Dunn EC, Smith ADAC. Depressive symptoms in adolescence and adult educational and employment outcomes: a structured life course analysis. Psychol Med 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38818779 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental health disorder that often starts during adolescence, with potentially important future consequences including 'Not in Education, Employment or Training' (NEET) status. METHODS We took a structured life course modeling approach to examine how depressive symptoms during adolescence might be associated with later NEET status, using a high-quality longitudinal data resource. We considered four plausible life course models: (1) an early adolescent sensitive period model where depressive symptoms in early adolescence are more associated with later NEET status relative to exposure at other stages; (2) a mid adolescent sensitive period model where depressive symptoms during the transition from compulsory education to adult life might be more deleterious regarding NEET status; (3) a late adolescent sensitive period model, meaning that depressive symptoms around the time when most adults have completed their education and started their careers are the most strongly associated with NEET status; and (4) an accumulation of risk model which highlights the importance of chronicity of symptoms. RESULTS Our analysis sample included participants with full information on NEET status (N = 3951), and the results supported the accumulation of risk model, showing that the odds of NEET increase by 1.015 (95% CI 1.012-1.019) for an increase of 1 unit in depression at any age between 11 and 24 years. CONCLUSIONS Given the adverse implications of NEET status, our results emphasize the importance of supporting mental health during adolescence and early adulthood, as well as considering specific needs of young people with re-occurring depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A López-López
- Department of Basic Psychology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Centre for Academic Mental Health at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Tilling
- Centre for Academic Mental Health at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca M Pearson
- Centre for Academic Mental Health at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Mina S Fazel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brooke J Smith
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin C Dunn
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D A C Smith
- Mathematics and Statistics Research Group, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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27
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Wentholt WGM, Janssen LHC, van Houtum LAEM, Wever MCM, Tollenaar MS, Alink LRA, Elzinga BM. A qualitative, multi-perspective study on causal beliefs about adolescent depression. Psychol Psychother 2024. [PMID: 38780187 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to examine: (1.1) causal beliefs about adolescent depression in a sample of adolescents with a clinical depression and their mothers and fathers; (1.2) within-family overlap of causal beliefs; (2.1) mothers' and fathers' reflected causal beliefs about their child's perspective; (2.2) the accuracy of mothers' and fathers' reflected causal beliefs as related to their child's causal beliefs. DESIGN Qualitative study using a within-family approach. METHODS Adolescents with a current clinical depression (MDD/dysthymia; N = 34) and their parents (N = 34 mothers, N = 26 fathers) were independently interviewed about their causal beliefs about the adolescents' depression. Parents were additionally interviewed about their perception of their child's causal beliefs (i.e., reflected causal beliefs). RESULTS The causal beliefs most frequently mentioned by adolescents, mothers and fathers are: characteristics of the child, social factors, school and various stressful experiences. Parent-child overlap was relatively low, specifically for the themes of bewilderment, cumulative effect and stressful life events, whereas overlap was relatively high for themes of social factors, school and stressful experiences outside of the family. Parents were relatively accurate in their reflected causal beliefs, but tended to underestimate their child's insights into possible causes of their depression. Accuracy of parents' reflected causal beliefs was particularly low for the theme cumulative effect and high for social factors. CONCLUSIONS The various causal beliefs of adolescents and their parents could be used in therapeutic setting. Future research could examine whether (guided) conversations may promote alignment within families and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma G M Wentholt
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Loes H C Janssen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A E M van Houtum
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam - Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam C M Wever
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke S Tollenaar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lenneke R A Alink
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bernet M Elzinga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Pasman JA, Bergstedt J, Harder A, Gong T, Xiong Y, Hägg S, Fang F, Treur JL, Choi KW, Sullivan PF, Lu Y. Causes and consequences of major depressive disorder: An encompassing Mendelian randomization study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.21.24307678. [PMID: 38826420 PMCID: PMC11142270 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.24307678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder that has been associated with a range of risk factors and outcomes. Causal pathways between MDD and other traits can be studied using genetic variants as instrumental variables. Methods A literature review was conducted to identify 201 MDD-associated traits. For 115 traits, there were well-powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) results available that could be used to assess the genetic correlation with MDD. Of these, there were 89 meeting criteria for investigating causal associations in both directions using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR). Of the traits that were not captured by GWAS, 43 could be included as outcomes of MDD using one-sample MR (OSMR). A range of methods and sensitivity tests was applied to gauge robustness of results, together with statistical power analyses to aid interpretation. Outcomes Moderate to strong genetic overlap was found between MDD and most traits. Support for causal effects of MDD liability were found for circadian, cognitive, diet, medical disease, endocrine, functional, inflammatory, metabolic, mortality, physical activity, reproduction, risk behavior, social, socioeconomic, and suicide outcomes. Most associations were bidirectional, although there was less evidence for diet, disease, and endocrine traits causing MDD risk. Results were robust across sensitivity analyses. Interpretation This study provides a systematic overview of traits putatively causally related to MDD, confirming previous findings as well as identifying new associations. Our results highlight the importance of MDD as a risk factor cross-cutting across medical, functional, and psychosocial domains and emphasize the need for concerted efforts at reducing this highly prevalent disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle A. Pasman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Genetic Epidemiology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob Bergstedt
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tong Gong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorien L. Treur
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Genetic Epidemiology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karmel W. Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, UNC Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 12, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Janssen LHC, Verkuil B, van Houtum LAEM, Wever MCM, Wentholt WGM, Elzinga BM. A closer look into the affect dynamics of adolescents with depression and the interactions with their parents: An ecological momentary assessment study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02447-1. [PMID: 38762682 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents with depression tend to perceive behavior of parents as less positive than adolescents without depression, but conclusions are based on retrospective reports assessed once or over long time intervals, with the risk of memory biases affecting the recall. The current study used ecological momentary assessments to examine the link between adolescent affect and the amount of warmth and criticism expressed by both mothers and fathers in families with adolescents with depression versus adolescents without psychopathology in daily life. It also explored the possible bias by assessing parenting on the momentary, daily (EMA), and retrospective level. The sample consisted of 34 adolescents with depression and 58 parents and 80 healthy controls and 151 parents (adolescents: Mage = 15.8, SD = 1.41; 67.5% girls, parents: Mage = 49.3, SD = 5.73; 54.1% mothers). Participants completed retrospective questionnaires and four surveys a day for 14 consecutive days. Preregistered multilevel models showed that momentary parenting reports of adolescents with depression and healthy controls did not differ. The associations between perceived parenting of both mothers and fathers and adolescent affect did also not differ between the two groups. These results illustrate that adolescents generally benefit from supportive parenting, but substantial differences between individuals were found. In contrast to the momentary data, both adolescents with depression and their parents did report more negative parenting on retrospective questionnaires than healthy controls and their parents indicating that adolescents with depression may have a negativity bias in their retrospective recall. These findings are highly relevant for clinical practice and underscore the need for careful assessments on different time scales and including all family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes H C Janssen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands.
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Bart Verkuil
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A E M van Houtum
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mirjam C M Wever
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wilma G M Wentholt
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bernet M Elzinga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, AK, 2333, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, Netherlands
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30
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Jenniskens K, Rasing S, Popma A, Creemers D, Ghalit C, van Vuuren L, Mérelle S, Spijker J, van Nassau F. Development of an implementation plan for a school-based multimodal approach for depression and suicide prevention in adolescents. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1386031. [PMID: 38799678 PMCID: PMC11122015 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1386031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Strong Teens and Resilient Minds (STORM) is a multimodal, school-based approach for depression and suicide prevention in adolescents that is currently implemented in a region in the Netherlands. The STORM approach will be implemented in new regions in the coming years. This study used the implementation mapping protocol to report on the development of the STORM implementation plan. First, a needs assessment was conducted through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and brainstorming sessions with regional programme leaders in the two regions that started implementing STORM in 2023. This led to the identification of six main barriers to implementation: high level of demands for schools, insufficient understanding of the programme content, insufficient network collaboration, no perceived relative advantage of STORM by stakeholders, lack of attention to sustainability, and high work pressure. Second, performance and change objectives were formulated based on these barriers. For example, a performance objective for potential providers was that they felt supported by STORM. Third, implementation strategies were selected from theory and translated into practical applications through brainstorming sessions with programme leaders. The following strategies were included in the implementation plan: collaborate with similar initiatives within the region, free up time for STORM tasks, tailor strategies, identify and prepare STORM champions, and promote network weaving. Last, a plan to evaluate the implementation of STORM and the application of the STORM implementation plan was formulated. Planned evaluation research will provide more insight into the usefulness and impact of the STORM implementation plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Jenniskens
- GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
- 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Rasing
- GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daan Creemers
- GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Chaimae Ghalit
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan Spijker
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Pro Persona, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Xu Y, Li R, Hu C, He Y, Zhang X, Jin L. Global, regional, and national incidence trends of depressive disorder, 1990-2019: An age-period-cohort analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 88:51-60. [PMID: 38508076 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorder is a severe global public health problem. It is crucial to evaluate the global incidence trends of depressive disorder. METHODS The incidence data were drawn from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. Estimates were presented by global and sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles, and the age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to estimate the incidence trends. RESULTS APC analysis indicated a decline in depressive disorder incidence globally (net drift = -0.24%, 95%CI: -0.29, -0.18), except for an increase in SDI regions (net drift = 0.07, 95%CI:0, 0.14). In high SDI regions, depressive disorder incidence increased among the younger and declined among the elder population, whereas the opposite trend was observed in middle and low-middle SDI regions. The depressive disorder incidence increased significantly among people aged 15 to 24 years after adjusting for age effects, decreased since 2000 after adjusting for period effects and increased rapidly in the birth cohort after 1990 in high SDI by adjusting for cohort effects. CONCLUSION Globally, there was a declining trend of depressive disorder incidence in 1990-2019. Specifically, the incidence was declining globally in younger populations, while increasing in older populations. However, this trend differed depending on the SDI of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Runhong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Chengxiang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Yue He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Lina Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Higson-Sweeney N, Cooper K, Dunn BD, Loades ME. "I'm always going to be tired": a qualitative exploration of adolescents' experiences of fatigue in depression. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1369-1381. [PMID: 37300578 PMCID: PMC10257178 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent depression is a prevalent and disabling condition, but current psychological treatments are only moderately effective. One way to enhance outcomes is to further our understanding of adolescent depression and improve our capacity to target the most frequently reported and problematic symptoms. A common but often neglected symptom of depression is fatigue, which is associated with considerable impairment and has the potential to interfere with adolescents' engagement in psychological therapies. Despite this, the experience of fatigue in adolescent depression and how we target it in treatment is currently poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore adolescents' experiences and understandings of fatigue in depression, recruiting from clinical and community settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 UK-based adolescents aged 14-18 years old with elevated symptoms of depression. Using reflexive thematic analysis, three themes were generated. Fatigue is a complex concept explored adolescents' understanding of fatigue as a dynamic, multifaceted symptom which had mental and physical components. Trapped in a cycle of fatigue considered the complex and reciprocal relationship between fatigue and other depressive symptoms, and the subsequent impact of limited energy on engagement with everyday activities. Finally, stigma as a barrier to help-seeking highlighted how adolescents were reluctant to seek help due to experienced stigma and the perception that fatigue was not a serious enough symptom. Findings from this study suggest that fatigue should be viewed as a psychological as well as somatic symptom of depression, with implications regarding the identification and treatment of fatigue in depression in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Higson-Sweeney
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Kate Cooper
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Barnaby D Dunn
- Mood Disorders Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Maria E Loades
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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33
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Ding Q, Zhou Y, Yu S, Cui X, Wang X, Li X. Familial genetic and environmental transmission of depression: A multi-informant twin family study. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38618755 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of familial clustering in depression is well established, yet the mechanisms by which depression is transmitted within families remain poorly understood. In the current study, we investigate the familial genetic and environmental transmission of depression by incorporating data from both adolescent twins and their parents. A total of 987 twin families were recruited from the Beijing Twin Study. Depression assessments were conducted for both adolescents and their parents. Twins' depression was assessed through reports from both the twins themselves and their parents, while parental depression was assessed by parental self-report. We employed a nuclear twin family model to examine genetic and environmental influences on adolescent depression. Our results, based on both self- and parent-report, demonstrate significant additive and dominant genetic influences on depression. We also found mild yet significant sibling environmental influences, while familial environmental influences were absent. Notably, parent-reported depression showed higher heritability but lower unique environmental influences compared with self-reported depression. These results highlight the important role of genetic transmission and sibling environmental transmission in explaining depression. Our study delineates the underlying mechanism of familial transmission in depression and can inform early treatments to halt transmission during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyue Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuting Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lakshmi PM, Kishore MT, Roopesh BN, Jacob P, Rusanov D, Hallford DJ. Future thinking and anticipatory pleasure in adolescents with major depression: Association with depression symptoms and executive functions. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:526-539. [PMID: 37807910 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231205004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impairments in episodic future thinking and anticipatory pleasure were noted to explain the depressive symptoms in adults however similar studies are not there in adolescents. This study examined whether there are impairments in episodic future thinking and anticipatory pleasure in clinically-depressed adolescents as compared to non-depressed adolescents, and their association with depression when controlled for executive functions and anxiety symptoms among the depressed adolescents. METHODS The study included 29 adolescents with major depression and 29 adolescents from local schools through convenient sampling technique. All the participants were assessed with standardized measures of depression and anxiety, episodic future thinking, anticipatory pleasure and executive functioning. RESULTS Depressed adolescents significantly differed from the non-depressed adolescents in autobiographical memory specificity, anticipatory pleasure, and specific dimensions of executive functions. The ANCOVAs indicated executive function slightly attenuated group differences on future specificity which were still non-significant (all p's > .05). For memory specificity and for anticipatory pleasure, group differences were still significant at p < .05 level. CONCLUSION Adolescents with major depressive episode may display similar, but less pronounced, impairments in future thinking than what is previously reported in adults. Though, autobiographical specificity is prominent. The deficits are attributable to depression than executive functioning deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja M Lakshmi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - M Thomas Kishore
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bangalore N Roopesh
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Preeti Jacob
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Haddadi Barzoki M. School belonging and depressive symptoms: the mediating roles of social inclusion and loneliness. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:205-211. [PMID: 38247289 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2304067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and depressive symptoms are prevalent among Finns. OBJECTIVES This study, which analyzes nationwide data from 149,986 students aged 13-18 years in Finland, focuses on the mediating effects of social inclusion and loneliness in the association between school belonging and depressive symptoms. METHOD AND RESULTS The analysis of variance showed that boys reported higher levels of school belonging and social inclusion, whereas girls reported higher levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis showed that social inclusion and loneliness partially mediated the effect of school belonging on depressive symptoms, but that social inclusion's effect was much greater than loneliness's. By focusing on the moderating role of sex, it was discovered that social inclusion significantly mediated depressive symptoms in girls more than boys. CONCLUSION The importance of social inclusion in preventing depressive symptoms was highlighted in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Haddadi Barzoki
- Department of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland | UEF, Kuopio, Finland
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Counts NZ, Feinberg ME, Lee JK, Smith JD. Modeling Long-Term Budgetary Impacts of Prevention: An Overview of Meta-analyses of Relationships Between Key Health Outcomes Across the Life-Course. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:177-192. [PMID: 38157132 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-023-00744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Budget analysis entities often cannot capture the full downstream impacts of investments in prevention services, programs, and interventions. This study describes and applies an approach to synthesizing existing literature to more fully account for these effects. This study reviewed meta-analyses in PubMed published between Jan 1, 2010 and Dec 31, 2019. The initial search included meta-analyses on the association between health risk factors, including maternal behavioral health, intimate partner violence, child maltreatment, depression, and obesity, with a later health condition. Through a snowball sampling-type approach, the endpoints of the meta-analyses identified became search terms for a subsequent search, until each health risk was connected to one of the ten costliest health conditions. These results were synthesized to create a path model connecting the health risks to the high-cost health conditions in a cascade. Thirty-seven meta-analyses were included. They connected early-life health risk factors with six high-cost health conditions: hypertension, diabetes, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, mental disorders, heart conditions, and trauma-related disorders. If confounders could be controlled for and causality inferred, the cascading associations could be used to more fully account for downstream impacts of preventive interventions. This would support budget analysis entities to better include potential savings from investments in chronic disease prevention and promote greater implementation at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Z Counts
- Mental Health America, 500 Montgomery St, Suite 820, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA.
| | - Mark E Feinberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Jin-Kyung Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Justin D Smith
- Division of Health System Innovation and Research, Department of Population Health Sciences, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Xian X, Niu T, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Wang X, Du X, Qu L, Mao B, He Y, Chen X, Ye M. The relationship between appearance anxiety and depression among students in a medical university in China: a serial multiple mediation model. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17090. [PMID: 38563007 PMCID: PMC10984188 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Appearance anxiety and depression have become common and global public health problems worldwide, especially among adolescents. However, few studies have revealed the mechanisms between them. This study aimed to explore the multiple mediating roles of interpersonal sensitivity and social support between appearance anxiety and depression among medical college students. Methods With 13 invalid samples excluded, 724 college students participated in our survey and completed questionnaires. The average age of 724 samples was 19.8 ± 2.02 including freshman to senior year and graduate school and above; 31.9% of the participants were male and 68.1% were female. SPSS 25.0 and Hayes' PROCESS macro were used for statistical description, correlation analysis and built multiple mediation models. Results Appearance anxiety can not only directly affect depression, but also indirectly affect depression through three significant mediating pathways: (1) IS (B = 0.106, 95% CI [0.082-0.132]), which accounted for 49.77% of the total effect, (2) SS (B = 0.018, 95% CI [0.008-0.031]), which accounted for 8.45% of the total effect, and (3) IS and SS (B = 0.008, 95% CI [0.003-0.014]), which accounted for 3.76% of the total effect. And the total mediating effect was 61.97%. Limitations It is a cross-sectional research method and the causal relationship is unclear. Conclusions This study found that lower interpersonal sensitivity and higher social support can effectively reduce depression caused by appearance anxiety among college students. The schools and relevant departments should take measures to reduce the interpersonal sensitivity of college students and establish reliable social support, so as to reduce the occurrence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Xian
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tengfei Niu
- Department of Basic Courses, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xilin Zhou
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Du
- The Second Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linhan Qu
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binyi Mao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying He
- The Second Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiyu Chen
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliang Ye
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tanzilli A, Fiorentino F, Liotti M, Lo Buglio G, Gualco I, Lingiardi V, Sharp C, Williams R. Patient personality and therapist responses in the psychotherapy of adolescents with depressive disorders: toward the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual - third edition. RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY (MILANO) 2024; 27:752. [PMID: 38551500 PMCID: PMC11064774 DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2024.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders in adolescence pose unique challenges for assessment and treatment, particularly due to their high comorbidity with various personality disorders. Moreover, young depressed patients may elicit very intense and difficult-to-manage emotional responses in therapists (in this context, countertransference). This study aimed at empirically identifying specific personality disorders (or subtypes) among adolescents with depressive pathology and exploring distinct countertransference patterns emerging in their psychotherapy: 100 adolescents (58 with depressive disorders; 42 with other clinical conditions) were assessed by their respective clinicians (n=100) using the psychodiagnostic chart-adolescent of the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM) - second edition, and the therapist response questionnaire for adolescents. Results showed that depressed adolescent patients exhibited marked traits of four personality subtypes (i.e., depressive, anxious-avoidant, narcissistic, and borderline) characterized by different levels of mental functioning and personality organization. These subtypes were predictably related to specific clinicians' emotional responses, even when controlling for the intensity of depressive symptomatology. Patients with depressive or anxious-avoidant personality subtypes evoked more positive countertransference responses, whereas patients with narcissistic or borderline subtypes elicited strong and hard-to-face emotional responses in therapists. Consistent with the next edition of the PDM, the study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive psychodynamic assessment in the developmental age, which frames depressive disorders in the context of accurate emerging personality and mental functioning profiles. This approach, which also relies heavily on the clinician's subjective experience in therapy, provides crucial information on how to specifically tailor interventions that more effectively meet the needs of adolescents with these heterogeneous and complex clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Tanzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Flavia Fiorentino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Marianna Liotti
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Gabriele Lo Buglio
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Ivan Gualco
- Center for Individual and Couple Therapy, Genoa.
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX.
| | - Riccardo Williams
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
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Hu Y, Yang Y, He Z, Wang D, Xu F, Zhu X, Wang K. Self-concept mediates the relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and adolescent depression in both clinical and community samples. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:224. [PMID: 38532347 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05671-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma is a pivotal risk factor for adolescent depression. While the association between childhood trauma and depression is well-established, the mediating role of self-concept has not been acknowledged. Specifically, limited attention has been paid to how childhood maltreatment impacts adolescent depression through physical and social self-concept, both in clinical and community samples. This study aims to investigate how distinct and cumulative childhood trauma affects adolescent depression, as well as the potential mediating role of self-concept in their relationships. METHODS We recruited 227 depressed adolescents (dataset 1, 45 males, age = 15.34 ± 1.96) and 574 community adolescents (dataset 2, 107 males, age = 16.79 ± 0.65). Each participant was assessed on five subtypes of childhood trauma severity, cumulative trauma index, physical and social self-concept, and depression. Mediation models were tested separately in the clinical and community samples. RESULTS Clinically depressed adolescents experienced a higher level of trauma severity, a greater number of trauma subtypes, and had lower levels of physical and social self-concept compared to community adolescents. Analyses on childhood trauma severity and cumulative trauma index jointly indicated that physical and social self-concept played mediation roles in the relationships between childhood trauma experiences and depression. Moreover, the mediating effects of self-concept were stronger in depressed adolescents when compared to community samples. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that physical and social self-concept play mediating roles in the pathway linking childhood trauma and adolescent depression, particularly in clinically depressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, 250358, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shandong Mental Health Center, 250014, Jinan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengna He
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, 250358, Jinan, China
| | - Duanwei Wang
- Shandong Mental Health Center, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Feiyu Xu
- Shandong Mental Health Center, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, G12 8TB, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Kangcheng Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, 250358, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Mental Health Center, 250014, Jinan, China.
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Baetens I, Van Hove L, Azadfar Z, Van Heel M, Soyez V. The Effectivity of a School-Based Early Intervention Targeting Psychological Complaints and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1852. [PMID: 38610615 PMCID: PMC11012402 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent research suggests a concerning trend of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behaviors emerging at younger ages (as early as age 12). Early onset of NSSI is linked to more severe outcomes. While universal school-based prevention programs have shown promise in addressing suicidal behaviors, there is limited research on their effectiveness in preventing NSSI onset among adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a universal prevention program in schools for NSSI and mental complaints while enhancing resilience and mental health in 11-14-year-old adolescents. Methods: In total, 329 Flemish secondary school students (55.6% female), aged 11 to 14 years, participated in a 4 h classroom universal prevention, with a focus on emotion regulation, mental health, and specific strategies to prevent NSSI and reduce stigma. For both the intervention and control group (N = 124), a pre-, post-, and one-month follow-up questionnaire was administered, containing reliable and valid measures for NSSI and suicidality, emotion regulation, help-seeking behaviors, well-being, and psychological distress. Results: The prevention program effectively reduced NSSI and psychological distress, particularly for adolescents with a history of NSSI. Conclusions: These findings support previous research on the effectiveness of school-based programs in reducing mental complaints and suggest promising outcomes for NSSI prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Baetens
- Brussels University Consultation Centre (BRUCC), Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium; (L.V.H.); (Z.A.); (M.V.H.); (V.S.)
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Wang N, Kong JQ, Bai N, Zhang HY, Yin M. Psychological interventions for depression in children and adolescents: A bibliometric analysis. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:467-483. [PMID: 38617982 PMCID: PMC11008384 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has gradually become a common psychological disorder among children and adolescents. Depression in children and adolescents affects their physical and mental development. Psychotherapy is considered to be one of the main treatment options for depressed children and adolescents. However, our understanding of the global performance and progress of psychological interventions for depression in children and adolescents (PIDCA) research is limited. AIM To identify collaborative research networks in this field and explore the current research status and hotspots through bibliometrics. METHODS Articles and reviews related to PIDCA from January 2010 to April 2023 were identified from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The Charticulator website, CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visualize the trends in publications and citations, the collaborative research networks (countries, institutions, and authors), and the current research status and hotspots. RESULTS Until April 16, 2023, 1482 publications were identified. The number of documents published each year and citations had increased rapidly in this field. The United States had the highest productivity in this field. The most prolific institution was the University of London. Pim Cuijpers was the most prolific author. In the context of research related to PIDCA, both reference co-citation analysis and keywords co-occurrence analysis identified 10 research hotspots, including third-wave cognitive behavior therapy, short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy, family element in psychotherapy, modular treatment, mobile-health, emotion-regulation-based transdiagnostic intervention program, dementia risk in later life, predictors of the efficacy of psychological intervention, and risks of psychological intervention. CONCLUSION This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive overview of PIDCA from 2010 to present. Psychological intervention characterized as psychological-process-focused, short, family-involved, modular, internet-based, emotion-regulation-based, and personalized may benefit more young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Kong
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Nan Bai
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hui-Yue Zhang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Min Yin
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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Ytreland K, Ingul JM, Lydersen S, Yap MBH, Sim WH, Sund AM, Bania EV. Investigating the psychometric properties of PaRCADS-Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a Norwegian sample. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2024; 33:e2017. [PMID: 38459832 PMCID: PMC10924274 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parents play a pivotal role in child development and several parental factors have been identified as risk or protective factors for childhood anxiety and depression. To assess and target these parental factors in interventions, there is a need for a comprehensive, easy-to-use instrument. METHOD This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, PaRCADS(N) in a Norwegian community sample (N = 163) of parents of children aged 8-12 years. RESULTS Our findings indicate that PaRCADS(N) has acceptable psychometric properties. These results are comparable to those of the original study of the PaRCADS in Australia. CONCLUSION Based on these results, we recommend that PaRCADS(N) can be utilized by health care workers as a tool for assessment and identification of parental practices related to child anxiety and/or depression to target relevant risk and protective factors in treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Ytreland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Marie Bee Hui Yap
- School of Psychological SciencesTurner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wan Hua Sim
- School of Psychological SciencesTurner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Elisabeth Valmyr Bania
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
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Griffith JM, Young JF, Hankin BL. Parental Symptoms of Anhedonia, Parenting, and Youth Outcomes: A Multi-Method, Multi-Informant Investigation. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:413-427. [PMID: 37801270 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Parental depression is a well-established risk factor for youth psychopathology; however, depression is highly heterogeneous, and different parental symptom profiles may be differentially associated with risk mechanisms and youth psychopathology outcomes. Thus, this study examined associations between parental anhedonic symptoms of depression, specifically, and (1) parenting and (2) youth outcomes using a multi-method, multi-informant approach. Participants included 595 parents (89% mothers) and youth (ages 8-16; M[SD] = 12.07[2.39]). Regression analyses indicated that parental self-reported anhedonic symptoms at baseline demonstrated relatively specific prospective associations with chronic parent-child stress assessed using contextual stress interview methods, as well as youth self-reported depressive symptoms at 18-month follow-up. Findings also indicated concurrent associations between parental anhedonic symptoms and observed parental criticism, conflict, and responsiveness in the context of a 5-min discussion task, as well as parent self-reported monitoring/supervision, although results were no longer significant after controlling for parental co-occurring non-anhedonic depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that parental anhedonic symptoms may contribute to relatively unique reductions in the quality of the parent-child relationship and may be a particularly salient risk factor for youth depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Griffith
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - Jami F Young
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
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Jiménez-Solomon O, Irwin G, Melanie W, Christopher W. When money and mental health problems pile up: The reciprocal relationship between income and psychological distress. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101624. [PMID: 38380052 PMCID: PMC10876910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Longitudinal studies suggest that socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health have a bidirectional relationship such that SES declines lead to a deterioration of mental health (social causation), while worsening mental health leads to SES declines (social drift). However, the dynamic relationship between income and psychological distress has not been sufficiently studied. Methods We use cross-lagged panel models with unit fixed effects (FE-CLPM) and data from a five-wave representative panel (n = 3103) of working-age (18-64) New York City adults. Yearly measures include individual earnings, family income (income-to-needs), and psychological distress. We also examine effects by age, gender, education, and racial/ethnic identification. Results We find significant bidirectional effects between earnings and distress. Increases in past-year individual earnings decrease past-month psychological distress (social causation effect [SCE], standardized β= -0.07) and increases in psychological distress reduce next-year individual earnings (social drift effect [SDE], β= -0.03). Family income and distress only have a unidirectional relationship from past-year family income to distress (SCE, β= -.03). Strongest evidence of bidirectional effects between earnings and distress is for prime working-age individuals (SCE, β= -0.1; SDE, β= -0.03), those with less than bachelor's degrees (SCE, β= -0.08; SDE, β= -0.05), and Hispanics (SCE, β= -0.06; SDE, β= -0.08). We also find evidence of reciprocal effects between family income and distress for women (SCE, β= -0.03; SDE, β= -0.05), and Hispanics (SDE, β= -0.04; SDE, β= -0.08). Conclusions Individual earnings, which are labor market indicators, may be stronger social determinants of mental health than family income. However, important differences in social causation and social drift effects exist across groups by age, education, gender, and racial/ethnic identities. Future research should examine the types of policies that may buffer the mental health impact of negative income shocks and the declines in income associated with worsening mental health, especially among the most vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Jiménez-Solomon
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence for Cultural Competence, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 69, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Garfinkel Irwin
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Wall Melanie
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 48, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, R207, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wimer Christopher
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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Gimbrone C, Packard SE, Finsaas MC, Sprague NL, Jacobowitz A, Leventhal AM, Rundle AG, Keyes KM. Sex-Specific Depressive Symptom Trajectories Among Adolescents in Los Angeles County, 2013 to 2017. JAACAP OPEN 2024; 2:55-65. [PMID: 38469457 PMCID: PMC10927262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaacop.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective After remaining stable for many years, the prevalence of depression among adolescents increased over the past decade, particularly among girls. In this study, we used longitudinal data from a cohort of high school students to characterize sex-specific trajectories of depressive symptoms during this period of increasing prevalence and widening gender gap in adolescent depression. Method Using data from the Health and Happiness Cohort, a longitudinal 8-wave study of high school students residing in Los Angeles County from 2013 to 2017 (N = 3,393), we conducted a multiple-group, latent class growth analysis by sex to differentiate developmental trajectories in depressive symptoms scores measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies- Depression (CES-D) scale (range, 0-60). Results A 4-class solution provided the best model fit for both girls and boys. Trajectories among girls included low stable (35.1%), mild stable (42.8%), moderate decreasing (16.2%), and high arching (5.9%). Trajectories among boys included low stable (49.2%), mild increasing (34.7%), moderate decreasing (12.2%), and high increasing (3.9%). Average scores consistently exceeded or crossed the threshold for probable depression (≥16). Across comparable sex-specific trajectory groups, the average CES-D scores of girls were higher than those of boys, whose average scores increased over time. Conclusion In a diverse cohort of students in Los Angeles County, depressive symptom trajectories were comparable to prior time periods but with a higher proportion of students in trajectories characterized by probable depression. Trajectories differed by sex, suggesting that future research should consider differential severity and onset of depression between boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Gimbrone
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Samuel E Packard
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Megan C Finsaas
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Nadav L Sprague
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Ahuva Jacobowitz
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Adam M Leventhal
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Ms. Gimbrone, Mr. Packard, Mr. Sprague, Ms. Jacobowitz, Dr. Rundle, and Dr. Keyes are with Columbia the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. Dr. Leventhal is with the Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California. Dr. Finsaas is with the City College of New York
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46
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Shu Y, Ao N, Wen X, Cui Z, Qu D, Chen R. The p factor outweighs the specific internalizing factor in predicting recurrences of adolescent depression. Eur Psychiatry 2024; 67:e28. [PMID: 38425212 PMCID: PMC10988157 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early prediction of adolescent depression recurrence poses a significant challenge in the field. This study aims to investigate and compare the abilities of the general psychopathology factor (p) and the specific internalizing factor, in predicting depression recurrence over a 2-year course, as well as identifying remitted depressed adolescents from healthy adolescents. Longitudinal changes of these two factors in different trajectory groups were also tracked to examine their sensitivity to sustained remission and relapse. METHODS We included 255 baseline-remitted depressed adolescents and a healthy control group (n = 255) matched in age, sex, and race, sourced from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. The linear mixed model was employed for the statistical analysis. RESULTS The p factor not only effectively discriminated between remitted depressed adolescents and healthy controls but also robustly predicted the depression recurrence over a subsequent 2-year course. The specific internalizing factor could only differentiate remitted depressed adolescents from healthy controls. Additionally, a noteworthy longitudinal decline of the p factor in the sustained-remission group was observed. CONCLUSIONS Psychopathology factors serve as the inherent and enduring measurement of long-term mental health aberrations. Longitudinal results indicate that the p factor is more sensitive to respond to sustained remission than the internalizing factor. The ability of the overall p factor to anticipate depression relapse, unlike the specific internalizing factor, suggests the clinical interventions should monitor and mitigate the coincident symptoms across all dimensions to preempt relapse of adolescent depression, rather than an exclusive focus on internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Shu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Na Ao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Diyang Qu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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47
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Jiang Q, Liu P, Qin Y, Zhao Z, Bing Y, Sun J, Dai Z, Qian Y, Yuan L. Relationship between positive parenting and adolescents' depressive symptoms: Evidence from a Chinese research survey. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:378-387. [PMID: 37990518 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231212090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents often carry their depression well into their adulthood. This creates perpetual difficulties for their family and society. Research on the relationship between positive parenting and adolescent depressive symptoms is rare. The protective effect of positive parenting on adolescent depressive symptoms also remains underexplored. Parents are a vital source of feedback that shapes adolescents' self-view in crucial ways. AIMS This study examines the latent relationships between four factors related to positive parenting and adolescent depressive symptoms. METHOD Using data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS), Stata MP 17.0 was used for preliminary data processing and descriptive statistics. The structural equation model (SEM) was adopted to test the seven proposed hypotheses. RESULTS The study participants were 2,816 adolescents (52.34% male). The SEM showed that positive communication and parental praise can directly reduce depressive symptoms in adolescents (path coefficients of -0.24 and -0.13 [p < .001], respectively). Additionally, both positive communication and positive parent-adolescent interactions can reduce adolescents' depressive symptoms by heightening the intermediate factor of parental praise (path coefficients of 0.30 and 0.44 [p < .001], respectively). Conversely, positive parent-adolescent interactions did not negatively affect adolescents' depressive symptoms, as we hypothesized. CONCLUSIONS High level of positive parenting negatively predicts the level of depressive symptoms among adolescents. Specifically, positive communication, positive parent-adolescent communication, and parental praise are the main protective factors related to positive parenting for adolescents' depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Jiang
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Qin
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Bing
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhai Sun
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixin Dai
- Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qian
- College of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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48
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Öztekin GG. Associations between internet addiction and school engagement among Turkish college students: mediating role of psychological distress. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1367462. [PMID: 38487659 PMCID: PMC10937731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1367462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Internet addiction has become a subject of growing concern with adverse consequences. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of psychological distress in the relationship between internet addiction and school engagement. Methods Data were obtained from 732 Turkish college students (M = 20.98, SD = 2.58). The data were collected through Young's Internet Addiction Test, Depression, Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21)-Short Form, and University Student Engagement Inventory. Mediation analysis was performed to investigate the mediating effects of depression, anxiety, and stress in the association between internet addiction and school engagement. Results The results of the study showed that internet addiction was positively associated with psychological distress and negatively associated with school engagement, whereas psychological distress had a negative relationship with school engagement. This study also found that depression, anxiety, and stress acted as mediators in the relationship between internet addiction and behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, and cognitive engagement. Conclusion This study has provided evidence that young adults with tendency of internet addiction may experience school engagement problems as well as psychological problems. Our findings underscore the need for special educational intervention programs aimed at encouraging college youth to limit their internet use for their future due to its negative consequences and raising awareness in this vulnerable group and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülçin Güler Öztekin
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Türkiye
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Thaventhiran T, Wong BHC, Pilecka I, Masood S, Atanda O, Clacey J, Tolmac J, Wehncke L, Romaniuk L, Heslin M, Tassie E, Chu P, Bevan-Jones R, Woolhouse R, Mahdi T, Dobler VB, Wait M, Reavey P, Landau S, Byford S, Zundel T, Ougrin D. Evaluation of intensive community care services for young people with psychiatric emergencies: study protocol for a multi-centre parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial with an internal pilot phase. Trials 2024; 25:141. [PMID: 38389089 PMCID: PMC10885519 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 3000 young people under the age of 18 are admitted to Tier 4 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) inpatient units across the UK each year. The average length of hospital stay for young people across all psychiatric units in the UK is 120 days. Research is needed to identify the most effective and efficient ways to care for young people (YP) with psychiatric emergencies. This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of intensive community care service (ICCS) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) for young people with psychiatric emergencies. METHODS This is a multicentre two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an internal pilot phase. Young people aged 12 to < 18 considered for admission at participating NHS organizations across the UK will be randomized 1:1 to either TAU or ICCS. The primary outcome is the time to return to or start education, employment, or training (EET) at 6 months post-randomization. Secondary outcomes will include evaluations of mental health and overall well-being and patient satisfaction. Service use and costs and cost-effectiveness will also be explored. Intention-to-treat analysis will be adopted. The trial is expected to be completed within 42 months, with an internal pilot phase in the first 12 months to assess the recruitment feasibility. A process evaluation using visual semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 42 young people and 42 healthcare workers. DISCUSSION This trial is the first well-powered randomized controlled trial evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of ICCS compared to TAU for young people with psychiatric emergencies in Great Britain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN ISRCTN42999542, Registration on April 29, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joe Clacey
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jovanka Tolmac
- Central and North-West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leon Wehncke
- North-East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Rhys Bevan-Jones
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Wales, UK
- Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | | | - Tauseef Mahdi
- Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, UK
| | | | - Mandy Wait
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Beckenham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Toby Zundel
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Beckenham, UK
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50
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Luo J, Chen Y, Tao Y, Xu Y, Yu K, Liu R, Jiang Y, Cai C, Mao Y, Li J, Yang Z, Deng T. Major Depressive Disorder Prediction Based on Sleep-Wake Disorders Symptoms in US Adolescents: A Machine Learning Approach from National Sleep Research Resource. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:691-703. [PMID: 38410378 PMCID: PMC10896099 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s453046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is substantial evidence from previous studies that abnormalities in sleep parameters associated with depression are demonstrated in almost all stages of sleep architecture. Patients with symptoms of sleep-wake disorders have a much higher risk of developing major depressive disorders (MDD) compared to those without. Objective The aim of the present study is to establish and compare the performance of different machine learning models based on sleep-wake disorder symptoms data and to select the optimal model to interpret the importance of sleep-wake disorder symptoms to predict MDD occurrence in adolescents. Methods We derived data for this work from 2020 to 2021 Assessing Nocturnal Sleep/Wake Effects on Risk of Suicide Phase I Study from National Sleep Research Resource. Using demographic and sleep-wake disorder symptoms data as predictors and the occurrence of MDD measured base on the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale as an outcome, the following six machine learning predictive models were developed: eXtreme Gradient Boosting model (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting mode, AdaBoost, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Complement Naïve Bayes, and multilayer perceptron. The models' performance was assessed using the AUC and other metrics, and the final model's predictor importance ranking was explained. Results XGBoost is the optimal predictive model in comprehensive performance with the AUC of 0.804 in the test set. All sleep-wake disorder symptoms were significantly positively correlated with the occurrence of adolescent MDD. The insomnia severity was the most important predictor compared with the other predictors in this study. Conclusion This machine learning predictive model based on sleep-wake disorder symptoms can help to raise the awareness of risk of symptoms between sleep-wake disorders and MDD in adolescents and improve primary care and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Luo
- School of Nursing, The Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, 610000, People's Republic of China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Tao
- School of Nursing, The Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Xu
- School of Nursing, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Yu
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Cichong Cai
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Mao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Deng
- School of Nursing, The Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, 610000, People's Republic of China
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