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Korzilius JW, van Asseldonk MJMD, Wanten GJA, Zweers-van Essen HEE. Body composition of adults with chronic intestinal failure receiving home parenteral nutrition: A descriptive cohort study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2024; 48:718-725. [PMID: 38850079 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic intestinal failure (CIF) refers to the long-lasting reduction of gut function below the minimum necessary to absorb macronutrients, water, and/or electrolytes. Patients with CIF likely develop various forms of malnutrition and dehydration, yet studies that focus primarily on body composition are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the body composition of adult patients with CIF. METHODS This retrospective descriptive cohort study was performed at the Radboud University Medical Center, a tertiary referral center for CIF treatment in the form of home parenteral nutrition. We collected available bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) data from routine care between 2019 and 2023. The primary outcome was body composition, which was evaluated by assessing body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and fat percentage (fat%). RESULTS Overall, 147 adult patients with CIF were included with a median (interquartile range) age of 58 (25-68) years; 69% were female. The mean (SD) BMI was 22.1 (4.3) kg/m2, FFMI was 14.2 (1.9) kg/m2 in females and 17.0 (2.0) kg/m2 in males, and fat% was 33.7% (6.8%) in females and 24.6% (6.4%) in males. 63% had an FFMI below references, and 48% had a high fat%. CONCLUSION This study found that most adult patients with CIF have an unfavorable body composition characterized by a high fat% and low FFMI despite having a normal mean BMI. These results highlight the necessity for in-depth nutrition assessment, including BIA measurement. Moreover, future studies should focus on exercise interventions to increase FFMI and improve body composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wilhelmina Korzilius
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Dietetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Geert Jacobus Antonius Wanten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Dietetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Chang Y, Yoon SH, Kwon R, Kang J, Kim YH, Kim JM, Chung HJ, Choi J, Jung HS, Lim GY, Ahn J, Wild SH, Byrne CD, Ryu S. Automated Comprehensive CT Assessment of the Risk of Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Conditions. Radiology 2024; 312:e233410. [PMID: 39105639 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.233410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Background CT performed for various clinical indications has the potential to predict cardiometabolic diseases. However, the predictive ability of individual CT parameters remains underexplored. Purpose To evaluate the ability of automated CT-derived markers to predict diabetes and associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included Korean adults (age ≥ 25 years) who underwent health screening with fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT between January 2012 and December 2015. Fully automated CT markers included visceral and subcutaneous fat, muscle, bone density, liver fat, all normalized to height (in meters squared), and aortic calcification. Predictive performance was assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Harrell C-index in the cross-sectional and survival analyses, respectively. Results The cross-sectional and cohort analyses included 32166 (mean age, 45 years ± 6 [SD], 28833 men) and 27 298 adults (mean age, 44 years ± 5 [SD], 24 820 men), respectively. Diabetes prevalence and incidence was 6% at baseline and 9% during the 7.3-year median follow-up, respectively. Visceral fat index showed the highest predictive performance for prevalent and incident diabetes, yielding AUC of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.71) for men and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.85) for women and C-index of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.69) for men and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.86) for women, respectively. Combining visceral fat, muscle area, liver fat fraction, and aortic calcification improved predictive performance, yielding C-indexes of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.71) for men and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.87) for women. The AUC for visceral fat index in identifying metabolic syndrome was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.81) for men and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.91) for women. CT-derived markers also identified US-diagnosed fatty liver, coronary artery calcium scores greater than 100, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis, with AUCs ranging from 0.80 to 0.95. Conclusion Automated multiorgan CT analysis identified individuals at high risk of diabetes and other cardiometabolic comorbidities. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Pickhardt in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosoo Chang
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Ria Kwon
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Han-Jae Chung
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - JunHyeok Choi
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Hyun-Suk Jung
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Ga-Young Lim
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Jiin Ahn
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Sarah H Wild
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Seungho Ryu
- From the Center for Cohort Studies (Y.C., R.K., J.K., J.H.C., H.S.J., G.Y.L., J.A., S.R.) and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (Y.C., S.R.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.C., S.R.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.H.Y.); Research & Science Division, MEDICAL IP, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.M.K., H.J.C.); Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea (R.K., G.Y.L.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.H.K.); Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (S.H.W.); Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
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de Luis Román D, Gómez JC, García-Almeida JM, Vallo FG, Rolo GG, Gómez JJL, Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ, Sanz-Paris A. Diabetic Sarcopenia. A proposed muscle screening protocol in people with diabetes : Expert document. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:651-661. [PMID: 38315411 PMCID: PMC11294263 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To propose the grounds for "diabetic sarcopenia" as a new comorbidity of diabetes, and to establish a muscle screening algorithm proposal to facilitate its diagnosis and staging in clinical practice. METHOD A qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal technique. A literature search was performed with the terms "screening" or "diagnostic criteria" and "muscle loss" or "sarcopenia" and "diabetes" that was sent to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who, in a face-to-face meeting, discussed various aspects of the screening algorithm. RESULTS The hallmark of diabetic sarcopenia (DS) is muscle mass atrophy characteristic of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) in contrast to the histological and physiological normality of muscle mass. The target population to be screened was defined as patients with DM with a SARC-F questionnaire > 4, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥ 8.0%, more than 5 years since onset of DM, taking sulfonylureas, glinides and sodium/glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2), as well as presence of chronic complications of diabetes or clinical suspicion of sarcopenia. Diagnosis was based on the presence of criteria of low muscle strength (probable sarcopenia) and low muscle mass (confirmed sarcopenia) using methods available in any clinical consultation room, such as dynamometry, the chair stand test, and Body Mass Index (BMI)-adjusted calf circumference. DS was classified into 4 stages: Stage I corresponds to sarcopenic patients with no other diabetes complication, and Stage II corresponds to patients with some type of involvement. Within Stage II are three sublevels (a, b and c). Stage IIa refers to individuals with sarcopenic diabetes and some diabetes-specific impairment, IIb to sarcopenia with functional impairment, and IIc to sarcopenia with diabetes complications and changes in function measured using standard tests Conclusion: Diabetic sarcopenia has a significant impact on function and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it is important to give it the same attention as all other traditionally described complications of T2DM. This document aims to establish the foundation for protocolising the screening and diagnosis of diabetic sarcopenia in a manner that is simple and accessible for all levels of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Luis Román
- Center Investigación of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | | | - José Manuel García-Almeida
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan José López Gómez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Chen S, Chen XY, Huang ZH, Fang AP, Li SY, Huang RZ, Chen YM, Huang BX, Zhu HL. Correlation between serum trimethylamine-N-oxide and body fat distribution in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study. Nutr J 2024; 23:70. [PMID: 38982486 PMCID: PMC11234726 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is linked with obesity, while limited evidence on its relationship with body fat distribution. Herein, we investigated the associations between serum TMAO and longitudinal change of fat distribution in this prospective cohort study. METHODS Data of 1964 participants (40-75y old) from Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) during 2008-2014 was analyzed. Serum TMAO concentration was quantified by HPLC-MS/MS at baseline. The body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at each 3-y follow-up. Fat distribution parameters were fat-to-lean mass ratio (FLR) and trunk-to-leg fat ratio (TLR). Fat distribution changes were derived from the coefficient of linear regression between their parameters and follow-up duration. RESULTS After an average of 6.2-y follow-up, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and linear regression displayed women with higher serum TMAO level had greater increments in trunk FLR (mean ± SD: 1.47 ± 4.39, P-trend = 0.006) and TLR (mean ± SD: 0.06 ± 0.24, P-trend = 0.011). Meanwhile, for women in the highest TMAO tertile, linear mixed-effects model (LMEM) analysis demonstrated the annual estimated increments (95% CI) were 0.03 (95% CI: 0.003 - 0.06, P = 0.032) in trunk FLR and 1.28 (95% CI: -0.17 - 2.73, P = 0.083) in TLR, respectively. In men, there were no similar significant observations. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. CONCLUSION Serum TMAO displayed a more profound correlation with increment of FLR and TLR in middle-aged and older community-dwelling women in current study. More and further studies are still warranted in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03179657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zi-Hui Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Shu-Yi Li
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Rong-Zhu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Xia Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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Iordan L, Gaita L, Timar R, Avram V, Sturza A, Timar B. The Renoprotective Mechanisms of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i)-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7057. [PMID: 39000165 PMCID: PMC11241663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a noncommunicable condition that has become a major healthcare burden across the globe, often underdiagnosed and associated with low awareness. The main cause that leads to the development of renal impairment is diabetes mellitus and, in contrast to other chronic complications such as retinopathy or neuropathy, it has been suggested that intensive glycemic control is not sufficient in preventing the development of diabetic kidney disease. Nevertheless, a novel class of antidiabetic agents, the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), have shown multiple renoprotective properties that range from metabolic and hemodynamic to direct renal effects, with a major impact on reducing the risk of occurrence and progression of CKD. Thus, this review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the renoprotective mechanisms of SGLT2i and to offer a new perspective on this innovative class of antihyperglycemic drugs with proven pleiotropic beneficial effects that, after decades of no significant progress in the prevention and in delaying the decline of renal function, start a new era in the management of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Iordan
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura Gaita
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Romulus Timar
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Avram
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Sturza
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Department of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Timar
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (L.I.); (R.T.); (V.A.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Lin CL, Yu NC, Wu HC, Liu YC, Chiu IY, Lin WC, Chien WC. Associated factors of low muscle mass in community-dwelling patients with type 2 diabetes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38629. [PMID: 38905419 PMCID: PMC11191938 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the prevalence of low muscle mass (LMM) and its associated factors among community-dwelling patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A retrospective design was employed to analyze the body composition of 2404 adults with T2D aged 18 years and older. LMM was defined as a skeletal muscle index < 7.0 kg/m2 for males and skeletal muscle index < 5.7 kg/m2 for females by bioelectrical impedance analyzer (InBody 770, Korea). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the factors related to LMM. The overall prevalence of LMM was 28%. After adjusting for multivariate odds ratios, factors significantly associated with LMM in patients with diabetes include being older than 75 years, female, having a body mass index of <18 kg/m2, and increased percent body fat. We recommend regular LMM evaluations for T2D patients with the previously mentioned characteristics as part of diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsueh-Ching Wu
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Ishikawa-Takata K, Matsumoto M, Takimoto H. Are higher protein intake and distribution of protein intake related to higher appendicular muscle mass among an older Japanese population?: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2017. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:634-640. [PMID: 38679586 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM Protein intake is an important component in retaining muscle mass, especially among older people. This study examined the relationship between total protein intake and/or the distribution of protein intake in each meal and appendicular muscle mass, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) in Japan. METHODS Data from the NHNS were re-analyzed in this study. We used data from a one-day dietary record, physical examination, and lifestyle questionnaire completed by 1766 participants aged over 60 years. Appendicular muscle mass was assessed by multiple-frequency bioimpedance measurement. Leucine intake was calculated by the weighted average amino acid content from all 98 food subcategories used in the NHNS, based on amino acid composition data in the 2020 Standard Tables of Food Composition. RESULTS Participants with higher protein intake showed significantly higher appendicular muscle mass. This relationship was independent of physical activity, including steps taken per day, exercise habit, and physical labor. Frequent intake of ≥0.4 g protein/kg/meal was not related to appendicular muscle mass. The combination of higher total protein intake and higher physical activity seemed to have the largest association with appendicular muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS Higher protein intake may be related to higher appendicular muscle mass, independent of higher physical activity, among older Japanese people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 634-640.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Matsumoto
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidemi Takimoto
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Deng N, Soh KG, Abdullah BB, Tan H, Huang D. Active video games for improving health-related physical fitness in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1345244. [PMID: 38694976 PMCID: PMC11061467 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The global population is experiencing a rapid rise in the quantity and percentage of older people. In an effort to enhance physical activity among older adults, active video games (AVGs) are being suggested as a compelling alternative and are currently under scrutiny to evaluate their efficacy in promoting the health of older people. Objective This review aims to synthesize current studies and formulate conclusions regarding the impact of AVGs on the health-related physical fitness of older adults. Methods Seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched from inception to January 21, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials examining the effect of AVGs compared to control conditions on health-related physical fitness outcomes in older adults. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedge's g) between experimental and control groups. Results The analysis included 24 trials with a total of 1428 older adults (all ≥ 60 years old). Compared to controls, AVGs produced significant increases in muscular strength (moderate ES = 0.64-0.68, p < 0.05) and cardiorespiratory fitness (moderate ES = 0.79, p < 0.001). However, no significant effects were found for body composition (trivial ES = 0.12-0.14; p > 0.05) and flexibility (trivial ES = 0.08; p = 0.677). The beneficial effects of AVGs were greater after a duration of ≥ 12 vs. < 12 weeks (cardiorespiratory fitness; ES = 1.04 vs. 0.29, p = 0.028) and following ≥ 60 minutes vs. < 60 minutes of session duration (muscular strength; ES = 1.20-1.24 vs. 0.27-0.42, p < 0.05). Conclusion AVGs appear to be an effective tool for enhancing muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, although their impact on improving body composition and flexibility seems limited. Optimal improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a longer duration of AVGs (≥ 12 weeks). Moreover, a session duration of ≥ 60 minutes may provide greater benefits for the muscular strength of older adults. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=482568, identifier CRD42023482568.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuannuan Deng
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Borhannudin Bin Abdullah
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hermione Tan
- School of Computer Information Sciences, University of the Cumberlands, Williamsburg, KY, United States
| | - Dandan Huang
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Liu D, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Han R, Cheng D, Wu L, Guo J, Yu X, Ge W, Ni J, Li Y, Ma T, Fang Q, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Sun B, Li H, Jia W. Exercise-induced improvement of glycemic fluctuation and its relationship with fat and muscle distribution in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13549. [PMID: 38584275 PMCID: PMC10999499 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Management of blood glucose fluctuation is essential for diabetes. Exercise is a key therapeutic strategy for diabetes patients, although little is known about determinants of glycemic response to exercise training. We aimed to investigate the effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on blood glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetes patients and explore the predictors of exercise-induced glycemic response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty sedentary diabetes patients were randomly assigned to control or exercise group. Participants in the control group maintained sedentary lifestyle for 2 weeks, and those in the exercise group specifically performed combined exercise training for 1 week. All participants received dietary guidance based on a recommended diet chart. Glycemic fluctuation was measured by flash continuous glucose monitoring. Baseline fat and muscle distribution were accurately quantified through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS Combined exercise training decreased SD of sensor glucose (SDSG, exercise-pre vs exercise-post, mean 1.35 vs 1.10 mmol/L, p = .006) and coefficient of variation (CV, mean 20.25 vs 17.20%, p = .027). No significant change was observed in the control group. Stepwise multiple linear regression showed that baseline MRI-quantified fat and muscle distribution, including visceral fat area (β = -0.761, p = .001) and mid-thigh muscle area (β = 0.450, p = .027), were significantly independent predictors of SDSG change in the exercise group, as well as CV change. CONCLUSIONS Combined exercise training improved blood glucose fluctuation in diabetes patients. Baseline fat and muscle distribution were significant factors that influence glycemic response to exercise, providing new insights into personalized exercise intervention for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Di Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Jingyi Guo
- Clinical Research CenterShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangtian Yu
- Clinical Research CenterShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wenli Ge
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Jiacheng Ni
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Yaohui Li
- School of Sports Science and Physical EducationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tianshu Ma
- Department of KinesiologyNanjing Sport InstituteNanjingChina
| | - Qichen Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Sports and Health ScienceNanjing Sport InstituteNanjingChina
| | - Yanan Zhao
- School of Sports Science and Physical EducationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Biao Sun
- Department of KinesiologyNanjing Sport InstituteNanjingChina
| | - Huating Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghaiChina
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Marcos-Pardo PJ, Espeso-García A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R, Abelleira-Lamela T, González-Gálvez N. The Effect of Resistance Training with Outdoor Fitness Equipment on the Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Physical Health of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:726. [PMID: 38610148 PMCID: PMC11011249 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of outdoor-fitness-equipment-based resistance training on the health parameters of middle-aged and older adults, as well as analyzing the effect of age on the results found. A total of 149 volunteers were randomly assigned to the training (TG) and control (CG) groups. The TG performed two weekly sessions of resistance training for 8 weeks using outdoor fitness equipment, while the CG continued with their regular daily activities. Body composition was measured using DXA, and the maximal isometric voluntary contraction in knee extension, elbow flexion, and hand grip were assessed, along with the 4 m walk test, the Timed Up and Go Test, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire. The TG showed a significant increase in the lean mass index (p = 0.002) and maximal isometric voluntary contraction in both legs (p < 0.001) and arms (p < 0.001), as well as in physical functioning (p < 0.001) and the role physical dimension (p = 0.006) of the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire, compared to the CG, which showed a decrease in all these variables. In addition, the TG showed a greater decrease in fat mass (p < 0.001), fat mass index (p = 0.003), and the Timed Up and Go Test (p < 0.001) than the CG. Age conditioned the evolution of most of the variables analyzed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, resistance training with outdoor fitness equipment may be useful for improving the health of middle-aged and older adults, although age is a factor that could influence the adaptations found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo
- Centro de Investigación para el Bienestar y la Inclusión Social (CIBIS Research Center), SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Espeso-García
- Injury Prevention in Sport Research Group (PRELEDE), Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain
| | - Tomás Abelleira-Lamela
- Injury Prevention in Sport Research Group (PRELEDE), Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Noelia González-Gálvez
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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Vijewardane SC, Balasuriya A, Johnstone AM, Myint PK. Impact of age on the prevalence of poor-quality dietary variety, associated lifestyle factors, and body composition profile (low body muscle mass and high body fat mass) in older people residing in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27064. [PMID: 38495202 PMCID: PMC10943336 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims To assess the impact of age on the prevalence of poor-quality dietary variety, associated lifestyle factors, and body composition profile (low body muscle mass and high-fat mass) in older Sri Lankans. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, older people of 60 years or above were selected using a multistage cluster sampling technique probability proportionate to the size. They were classified into 3 groups; 60-64, 65-69 and > 70-years. The poor-quality dietary variety was defined based on food variety, dietary diversity and dietary serving scores assessed using 24-h dietary recall. Body composition was measured using bio-electrical impedance. The impact of age on determinants of poor-quality dietary variety and being at risk of low muscle mass and high-fat mass were assessed by using multivariable logistic regression models. Results Eight hundred older participants with a mean (SD) 68.1(5.8) years were included. There were 28.4%(n = 227), 36.2%(n = 290) and 35.4%(n = 283) in the 60-64, 65-69 and ≥ 70-year age groups, respectively. The prevalence of poor-quality dietary variety was similar across age groups. The urban living environment, and getting nutritional advice from the GP/hospital were found to have a significant negative association only in the 60-64 age group. A poor-quality dietary variety was significantly associated with no education or up to the primary level in the 65-69 age group and having diabetes or hypertension in the ≥70-year group. Odds of low muscle mass and high-fat mass were 2.43(1.46-4.03) and 2.17(1.30-3.63) respectively among the≥70-year age group compared to the 60-64-year group, after controlling for confounders. Conclusions The prevalence of poor-quality dietary variety was similarly high in all age groups. Increasing age was associated with higher odds of low body muscle and high body fat mass despite similar dietary variety, indicating the need for special dietary attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Chandrika Vijewardane
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, UK and Nutrition Division, Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka
| | - Aindralal Balasuriya
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Sri Lanka
| | - Alexandra M. Johnstone
- The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Phyo Kyaw Myint
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, UK
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12
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Qin L, Junjie P, Xinhong W, Shengju F, Ruifen S. Comparative effectiveness of different modes of exercise interventions in diabetics with frailty in China: a systematic review and a network meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:48. [PMID: 38409038 PMCID: PMC10895831 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy of different training modes in patients with diabetes decline. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG, SinoMed were searched in computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of training intervention in patients with diabetes and frailty, and the search time was as of May 21, 2023. After two review authors independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, network meta-analysis was performed using Stata14.0 and R4.3.1 software. Fasting blood glucose (FGB), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), two-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG), total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and body mass index (BMI) were used as outcome measures. RESULTS A total of 15 RCTs were included, including 1550 patients. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that integrated training reduced FBG compared with the control group; integrated training, Pilates training, resistance training can reduce HbA1c; Pilates training and resistance training can reduce PBG; integrated training, Pilates training, resistance training can reduce TCH; Pilates training and resistance training can reduce TG; resistance training improves BMI. The results of the best probability ranking showed that multi-group training had the most significant effect on improving PBG and SPPB scores. CONCLUSION The current evidence suggests that multi-group training is the best way to reduce fasting blood glucose and improve physical activity before meals, and Pilates training may be the best way to reduce glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose two hours after meals, improve blood lipid level and BMI in patients with diabetes in China. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number for this study: CRD42023427868.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Qin
- School of Government, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Peng Junjie
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei Xinhong
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fang Shengju
- School of Government, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China.
| | - Sun Ruifen
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
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13
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Felício de Souza Mamede V, de Almeida Marques Bernabé R, Leopoldino da Silva L, Gonçalves Santos T, Gomes Fontana L, Machado JM, Albergaria BH, Marques-Rocha JL, Guandalini VR. Waist Circumference as a Tool for Identifying Visceral Fat in Women with Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:316-324. [PMID: 38317427 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2304691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal adiposity is associated with tumor development and poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC) and can be identified by the measurement of waist circumference (WC) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study aimed to evaluate the association between waist circumference (WC) and imaging measurement of central adiposity according to age group in women with BC. Abdominal adiposity was assessed by WC and VAT, obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Body mass index (BMI) was assessed. The presence of inflammation was investigated by measuring C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels. Multivariate linear regression models were applied to verify the association between WC and VAT. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5%. This study included 112 women with a mean age of 55.5 ± 11.4 years. After adjusted models, WC remained associated with VAT and for every centimeter increase in WC, there was an increase of 3.12 cm2 (CI: 2.40 - 3.85; p < 0.001) in VAT. WC was associated with VAT in women with breast cancer, proving to be a simple, fast, and noninvasive approach that can be used as a proxy to identify visceral fat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Larissa Leopoldino da Silva
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | - Thalita Gonçalves Santos
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | - Luana Gomes Fontana
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | - Janine Martins Machado
- Cassiano Antonio Moraes University Hospital, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Albergaria
- Cassiano Antonio Moraes University Hospital, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jose Luiz Marques-Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | - Valdete Regina Guandalini
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
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14
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He A, Shi C, Wu X, Sheng Y, Zhu X, Yang J, Zhou Y. Clusters of Body Fat and Nutritional Parameters are Strongly Associated with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther 2024; 15:201-214. [PMID: 37962825 PMCID: PMC10786782 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-023-01502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure in most developed and many developing countries. Strategies aimed at identifying potential modifiable risk factors for DKD are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the association between clusters of body fat and nutritional parameters with DKD in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 184 participants with T2DM. Biochemical parameters including fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, hemoglobin, albumin, creatinine, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were measured. The data for percentage of body fat mass (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), phase angle at 50 kHz (PA50), and body cell mass (BCM) were obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). DKD was diagnosed by UACR and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Factor analysis was used for dimensionality reduction clustering among variables. The association of clusters with the presence of DKD was assessed using binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Factor analysis identified two clusters which were interpreted as a body fat cluster with positive loadings of VFA, body mass index, waist circumstance, and PBF and a nutritional parameters cluster with positive loadings of PA50, hemoglobin, BCM, and albumin. Participants were divided into the four groups based on the sex-specific cutoff value (median) of each cluster score calculated using the cluster weights and the original variable values. Only participants with high body fat and poor nutritional parameters (OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.25-9.42) were associated with increased odds of having DKD. CONCLUSION Body fat and nutritional parameters were strongly associated with and considerably contributed to the presence of DKD, suggesting that body fat and nutrition might be promising markers representing metabolic state in pathogenesis of DKD and clinical utility of BIA might provide valuable recommendations to patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin He
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caifeng Shi
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Sheng
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Zhu
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Veiga D, Peralta M, Gouveia ÉR, Carvalho L, Encantado J, Teixeira PJ, Marques A. Moderating Effect of Grip Strength in the Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Depressive Symptomatology. Sports (Basel) 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 38275982 PMCID: PMC10819407 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and depression rank among the leading causes of disease burden and are present in the top ten causes of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that both depression and diabetes have a detrimental effect on the quality of life, and when they coexist, the effect is considerably worse. This study aimed to analyse how grip strength moderates the relationship between diabetes and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. In total, 41,701 participants (18,003 men) in wave 8 of the cross-sectional population-based Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2019/2020) data were studied. A dynamometer was used to test grip strength twice on each hand. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 12-item EURO-D scale. The relationship between diabetes and depressive symptoms is negatively moderated by grip strength (male: B = -0.03, 95% CI = -0.04, -0.03; female: B = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.06). Furthermore, the significant zone grip strength moderation values for males and females were less than 48.7 kg and 38.9 kg, respectively. Muscular strength was a moderator of depressive symptoms, attenuating its association with diabetes. This supports the premise that physical activity, namely muscle-strengthening exercises, should be included in diabetes treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Veiga
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Élvio R. Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal;
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Laura Carvalho
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Jorge Encantado
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Pedro J. Teixeira
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
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16
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Carrillo-Larco RM, Guzman-Vilca WC, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Cardiometabolic risk profile of young and old adults with diabetes: Pooled, cross-sectional analysis of 42 national health surveys. Prim Care Diabetes 2023; 17:643-649. [PMID: 37891056 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare levels of cardiometabolic risk factors in young and old adults with diabetes. METHODS Pooled analysis of 42 STEPS Surveys (n = 133,717). Diabetes was defined as self-reported diagnosis or fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl. There were two age groups: < 40 and ≥ 40 years. We summarized the mean levels of four cardiometabolic risk factors by country, sex and age group. RESULTS In 11 (men) and seven countries (women), the mean BMI seemed higher in young versus old adults; largest difference was found in men in Qatar (∼6 kg/m2). For waist circumference, such pattern was observed in two (men) and in three (women) countries; largest difference in men in Tuvalu (∼7 cm). Regarding systolic blood pressure, in one country (Myanmar) the mean was higher in young men with ∼8 mmHg difference. Women in the oldest group always had higher mean systolic blood pressure. For total cholesterol, in 13 (men) and five (women) countries the mean was higher in young adults (difference was always <1 mmol/l). CONCLUSIONS Levels of cardiometabolic risk factors in young versus old adults with diabetes were heterogenous across 42 countries and depended on the risk factor. This calls to monitor cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, US; Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, US.
| | - Wilmer Cristobal Guzman-Vilca
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; School of Medicine 'Alberto Hurtado', Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
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17
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Liu C, Zhang Q, Liu T, Zhang Q, Song M, Ruan G, Lin S, Wang Z, Zheng X, Chen Y, Zhang H, Ge Y, Xie H, Shi J, Deng L, Wu S, Shi H. Predicted lean body mass trajectories, and cancer risk and cancer-specific and all-cause mortality: A prospective cohort study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2916-2924. [PMID: 37969022 PMCID: PMC10751432 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have investigated the association between body composition, cancer risk and mortality, predicting these risks through a single body composition measurement undoubtedly increases the limitations of the study. Few studies have explored the association between the trajectory of changes in body composition and the risk of cancer and death. We aimed to explore the association of predicted lean mass trajectories with cancer risk, cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. METHODS The participants in this study were all from the Kailuan cohort, a prospective, periodic, resurvey cohort study initiated in 2006. Latent mixture modelling was used to identify predicted lean mass trajectories for 2006-2010. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the Cox proportional hazard models were used to describe the association between predicted lean mass trajectories and cancer risk and cancer-specific and all-cause mortality during follow-up (2010-2021). RESULTS A total of 44 374 participants (average age, 53.01 ± 11.41 years, 78.99% men and 21.01% women) were enrolled in this study. Five distinct trajectories were identified: low-stable (n = 12 060), low-increasing (n = 8027), moderately stable-decreasing (n = 4725), moderately stable-increasing (n = 8053) and high-stable (n = 11 509). During the 11-year follow-up period, 2183 cancer events were recorded. After adjusting for age, predicted fat mass in 2010, sex, BMI, sedentary, physical activity, smoke, alcohol use, salt consumption, high-fat diet, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum creatinine, family history of tumour, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, compared with the low-stable group, participants in the low-increasing group (HR = 0.851, 95% CI, 0.748-0.969), moderately stable-increasing group (HR = 0.803, 95% CI, 0.697-0.925) and high-stable group (HR = 0.770, 95% CI, 0.659-0.901) had a lower cancer risk, but not in the moderately stable-decreasing group (HR = 0.864, 95% CI, 0.735-1.015). Compared with the low-stable group, the risk of cancer-specific mortality was reduced by 25.4% (8.8-38.9%), 36.5% (20.3-49.4%) and 35.4% (17.9-49.2%), and the risk of all-cause mortality was reduced by 24.2% (16.9-30.8%), 37.0% (30.0-43.2%) and 47.4% (41.0-53.1%) in the low-increasing, moderately stable-increasing group and high-stable groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Predicted lean mass trajectories may be closely associated with cancer risk and cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. Regular monitoring of body composition is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryKailuan General HospitalTangshanChina
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of GeneticsYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Guotian Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Yizhong Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Jinyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Li Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of CardiologyKailuan General HospitalTangshanChina
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market RegulationBeijingChina
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and NutritionBeijingChina
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Kutac P, Bunc V, Buzga M, Krajcigr M, Sigmund M. The effect of regular running on body weight and fat tissue of individuals aged 18 to 65. J Physiol Anthropol 2023; 42:28. [PMID: 38037173 PMCID: PMC10690982 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age and reduction in performed physical activity cause physiological changes that include an increase in body fat (BF) and visceral fat (VF) during aging. These parameters, together with increased body mass (BM), are some of the risk factors of several noninfectious diseases. However, changes in body composition can be influenced by regular physical activity. Running is a suitable, accessible, and the most effective physical activity cultivating people. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of long-term, regular PA, specifically recreational running, on changes in body composition among recreational adult runners covering a weekly distance of at least 10 km, compared with inactive adult individuals within the same age bracket. METHODS The study included 1296 runners and inactive individuals (691 male and 605 female), divided into 5 age groups: 18-25, 26-35, 36-45, 46-55, and 56-65 years. Runners are as follows: ran ≥ 10 km/week, and inactive is as follows: did not follow the WHO 2020 physical activity recommendations. The measured parameters included BM, BF, and VF. To check statistical significance, the Mann-Whitney U-test was used. Practical significance was assessed using the effect of size. RESULTS All age groups of runners were selected to include individuals who run at least 10 km per week. In fact, they ran, on average, from 21.6 to 31.4 km per week in relation to age and showed significantly lower values of BM, BMI, BF, and VF (p < 0.05) than inactive individuals. Exceptions included insignificant differences (p > 0.05) in BM and BMI in males in the age category of 18-25 and in females in the age category of 18-25 and 26-35. CONCLUSION The selected runners had to run at least 10 km per week. Their actual average volume was significantly higher (from 21.6 to 31.4 km/week), and the results showed that it could lead to significantly better body composition values. It may lead to significant changes in body mass, body fat, and visceral fat. It may meet the contemporary societal expectations for physical activities that are both achievable and effective at the lowest possible volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kutac
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 701 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Václav Bunc
- Faculty of Education, Charles University, Praha 6, Praha, 162 52, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Buzga
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 701 03, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Krajcigr
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 701 03, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Sigmund
- Application Centre BALUO, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
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Hwang J, Park S. A Korean Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Investigating Risk Factors, Prevalence, and Characteristics of Sarcopenia in Men in Early Old Age. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2860. [PMID: 37958004 PMCID: PMC10649574 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the risk factors, prevalence, and characteristics of sarcopenia among men aged 50-64 years. A total of 2868 participants were enrolled in this study. Of these, 328 individuals were classified into a sarcopenia group; the remaining 2540 were assigned to a control group. This study examined several variables, including skeletal muscle mass index, age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use. It employed a stratified, clustered, and multistage probability sampling design. Complex sampling was used for the data analysis. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 10.25% (95% CI: 8.98-11.69). All anthropometric measures, including height, weight, BMI, and waist circumference, were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). In terms of blood pressure, only systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significant (p < 0.05), and fasting glucose and triglyceride levels were risk factors for sarcopenia (p < 0.05). Tobacco use differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.05). This study reported the specific prevalence of sarcopenia and identified its risk factors among men in early old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongseok Hwang
- Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soonjee Park
- Department of Clothing and Fashion, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Republic of Korea
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He Z, Qiang L, Liu Y, Gao W, Feng T, Li Y, Yan B, Girard O. Effect of Hypoxia Conditioning on Body Composition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:89. [PMID: 37747653 PMCID: PMC10519915 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of hypoxia conditioning, which involves recurrent exposure to hypoxia combined with exercise training, on improving body composition in the ageing population have not been extensively investigated. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to determine if hypoxia conditioning, compared to similar training near sea level, maximizes body composition benefits in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases (up to 27th November 2022) was performed, including the reference lists of relevant papers. Three independent reviewers extracted study characteristics and health outcome measures. Search results were limited to original studies of the effects of hypoxia conditioning on body composition in middle-aged and older adults. RESULTS Twelve studies with a total of 335 participants were included. Hypoxia conditioning induced greater reductions in body mass index (MD = -0.92, 95%CI: -1.28 to -0.55, I2 = 0%, p < 0.00001) and body fat (SMD = -0.38, 95%CI: -0.68 to -0.07, I2 = 49%, p = 0.01) in middle-aged and older adults compared with normoxic conditioning. Hypoxia conditioning improved lean mass with this effect not being larger than equivalent normoxic interventions in either middle-aged or older adults (SMD = 0.07, 95%CI -0.12 to 0.25, I2 = 0%, p = 0.48). Subgroup analysis showed that exercise in moderate hypoxia (FiO2 > 15%) had larger effects than more severe hypoxia (FiO2 ≤ 15%) for improving body mass index in middle-aged and older adults. Hypoxia exposure of at least 60 min per session resulted in larger benefits for both body mass index and body fat. CONCLUSION Hypoxia conditioning, compared to equivalent training in normoxia, induced greater body fat and body mass index improvements in middle-aged and older adults. Adding hypoxia exposure to exercise interventions is a viable therapeutic solution to effectively manage body composition in ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian He
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, No. 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Sports Teaching and Research, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lijun Qiang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, No. 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
- Ningxia Vocational College of Sports, Ningxia, China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, No. 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua University High School (Guanghua), Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Gao
- Department of Sports Teaching and Research, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Sports Teaching and Research, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Sports Teaching and Research, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Yan
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, No. 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Olivier Girard
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Garbuzova EV, Shcherbakova LV, Rymar OD, Khudiakova AD, Shramko VS, Ragino YI. Triglycerides, Obesity and Education Status Are Associated with the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adults, Cohort Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1403. [PMID: 37763170 PMCID: PMC10533043 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to determine the influence of traditional risk factors on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in young adults. Goal of the research: To study the incidence of T2DM and factors that increase the risk of its occurrence during the observation of a cohort of young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1341 people aged 25-44 were included in the study from 2013 to 2017, of whom 622 were men (46.4%). The examination included anamnesis, anthropometric data, and a blood test. Cases of developed T2DM were identified by comparing the Diabetes Mellitus Register, medical records of patients, and the database of examined individuals from 2019 to 2023. T2DM Results: In the examined population, 11 participants (0.82%) developed T2DM. The prevalence of T2DM was 0.96% in men and 0.69% in women. Patients with T2DM had a higher waist circumference, BMI, SBP, TG, and lower HDL than patients without T2DM, and were also less likely to have a higher education. The risk of developing T2DM increases 6.5 times at a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, and 5.2 times at a TG level of ≥1.7 mmol/L, regardless of other risk factors. In the absence of a higher education, the risk of developing T2DM is increased by 5.6 times. CONCLUSION In young people, high triglyceride levels, obesity, and a low level of education are associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, regardless of other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yulia I. Ragino
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM—Branch of IC&G SB RAS), 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.G.); (L.V.S.); (O.D.R.); (A.D.K.); (V.S.S.)
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22
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Bays HE. Why does type 2 diabetes mellitus impair weight reduction in patients with obesity? A review. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2023; 7:100076. [PMID: 37990681 PMCID: PMC10661899 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background A common adiposopathic complication of obesity is type 2 diabetes mellitus. Healthful weight reduction in patients with obesity can improve glucose metabolism and potentially promote remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, weight-reduction in patients with increased adiposity is impaired among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to patients without diabetes mellitus. Methods Data for this review were derived from PubMed and applicable websites. Results Among patients with increased body fat, the mechanisms underlying impaired weight reduction for those with type 2 diabetes mellitus are multifactorial, and include energy conservation (i.e., improved glucose control and reduced glucosuria), hyperinsulinemia (commonly found in many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus), potential use of obesogenic anti-diabetes medications, and contributions from multiple body systems. Other factors include increased age, sex, genetic/epigenetic predisposition, and obesogenic environments. Conclusions Even though type 2 diabetes mellitus impairs weight reduction among patients with increased adiposity, clinically meaningful weight reduction improves glucose metabolism and can sometimes promote diabetes remission. An illustrative approach to mitigate impaired weight reduction due to type 2 diabetes mellitus is choosing anti-diabetes medications that increase insulin sensitivity and promote weight loss and deprioritize use of anti-diabetes medications that increase insulin exposure and promote weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Edward Bays
- Diplomate of American Board of Medicine, Medical Director / President, Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY, 40213, USA
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23
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Sato Y, Tashiro H, Fukumoto K, Hirosaki S, Toki M, Kozuka N. Physical activity is associated with walking and balance ability but not fatigue, knee extension strength, or body composition in adults with cerebral palsy: a pilot cross-sectional study. Int J Rehabil Res 2023; 46:277-283. [PMID: 37417810 DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0000000000000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Common secondary impairments associated with aging in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) decrease physical functions, including walking and balance ability, and increase the sense of fatigue. This motor dysfunction results in decreased physical activity (PA) and could be associated with obesity and sarcopenia. This study examined the association of daily PA levels with fatigue, physical function, and body composition in 22 adults with CP (age, 37.4 ± 14.7 years; Gross Motor Function Classification System level, I: 6, II: 16). The level of daily PA was divided into percent of sedentary behavior, light PA, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (%MVPA) per day. These outcomes were examined for correlation with the Fatigue Severity Scale, knee extension strength, comfortable and maximum walking speed, Timed-Up-and-Go-Test (TUG), and body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. An additional partial correlation analysis with sex and age adjustment was performed. The %MVPA correlated positively with comfortable walking speed (rs = 0.424, P = 0.049) and negatively with TUG (rs = -0.493, P = 0.020). The partial correlation revealed associations of %MVPA with maximum walking speed (r = 0.604, P = 0.022) and TUG (r = -0.604, P = 0.022). The results show that among adults with CP, increased PA is associated with improvements in mobility but not in perceived fatigue or body composition, regardless of sex and age. Maintaining and improving %MVPA and walking and balance ability in adults with CP have a positive impact on each other, and potentially on overall health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Hideyuki Tashiro
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Kanta Fukumoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center
| | - Sota Hirosaki
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Megumi Toki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoki Kozuka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
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24
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Tate BN, Van Guilder GP, Aly M, Spence LA, Diaz-Rubio ME, Le HH, Johnson EL, McFadden JW, Perry CA. Changes in Choline Metabolites and Ceramides in Response to a DASH-Style Diet in Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3687. [PMID: 37686719 PMCID: PMC10489641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This feeding trial evaluated the impact of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet on changes in plasma choline, choline metabolites, and ceramides in obese older adults; 28 adults consumed 3oz (n = 15) or 6oz (n = 13) of beef within a standardized DASH diet for 12 weeks. Plasma choline, betaine, methionine, dimethylglycine (DMG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphotidylcholine (LPC), sphingomyelin, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), L-carnitine, ceramide, and triglycerides were measured in fasted blood samples. Plasma LPC, sphingomyelin, and ceramide species were also quantified. In response to the study diet, with beef intake groups combined, plasma choline decreased by 9.6% (p = 0.012); DMG decreased by 10% (p = 0.042); PC decreased by 51% (p < 0.001); total LPC increased by 281% (p < 0.001); TMAO increased by 26.5% (p < 0.001); total ceramide decreased by 22.1% (p < 0.001); and triglycerides decreased by 18% (p = 0.021). All 20 LPC species measured increased (p < 0.01) with LPC 16:0 having the greatest response. Sphingomyelin 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1 increased (all p < 0.001) by 10.4%, 22.5%, and 24%, respectively. In contrast, we observed that sphingomyelin 24:0 significantly decreased by 10%. Ceramide 22:0 and 24:0 decreased by 27.6% and 10.9% (p < 0.001), respectively, and ceramide 24:1 increased by 36.8% (p = 0.013). Changes in choline and choline metabolites were in association with anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes. These findings show the impact of the DASH diet on choline metabolism in older adults and demonstrate the influence of diet to modify circulating LPC, sphingomyelin, and ceramide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna N. Tate
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (B.N.T.); (J.W.M.)
| | - Gary P. Van Guilder
- High Altitude Exercise Physiology Department, Western Colorado University, Gunnison, CO 81231, USA;
| | - Marwa Aly
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (M.A.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Lisa A. Spence
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (M.A.); (L.A.S.)
| | - M. Elena Diaz-Rubio
- Proteomic and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Henry H. Le
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (H.H.L.); (E.L.J.)
| | - Elizabeth L. Johnson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (H.H.L.); (E.L.J.)
| | - Joseph W. McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (B.N.T.); (J.W.M.)
| | - Cydne A. Perry
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (M.A.); (L.A.S.)
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Jang H, Kim R, Lee JT, Lee DH, Giovannucci EL, Oh H. Overall and abdominal obesity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Korean adults: a pooled analysis of three population-based prospective cohorts. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1060-1073. [PMID: 36622207 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies found a J-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. However, it is unclear whether the association is driven by biases, particularly confounding by fat-free mass. METHODS We conducted an individual-level pooled analysis of three cohorts of Korean adults (aged ≥ 40 years; n = 153 248). Mortality was followed up through December 2019. Anthropometric data were directly measured at baseline. Fat and fat-free mass were predicted using validated prediction models. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the associations of BMI and waist circumference (WC) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. To account for biases, we excluded participants aged ≥ 70 years, deaths that occurred within 5 years of follow-up and ever smokers, and adjusted for fat-free mass index (FFMI). RESULTS During the follow-up of up to 18 years, 6061 deaths were identified. We observed J-shaped association of BMI (nadir at 22-26) and monotonically positive association of WC with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality among Korean adults without a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease. In the BMI analysis, excluding ever smokers and adjusting for FFMI attenuated the excess mortality in underweight participants and transformed the J-shaped association into a monotonically positive shape, suggesting an increased mortality at BMI > 22.0. Excluding participants aged ≥ 70 years and deaths that occurred within 5 years of follow-up did not change the results. In the WC analysis, the monotonic positive associations did not change after the control. Similar results were observed among participants with a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that both overall and abdominal body fat are associated with increased mortality in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajin Jang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rockli Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Oh
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Alabadi B, Civera M, De la Rosa A, Martinez-Hervas S, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Real JT. Low Muscle Mass Is Associated with Poorer Glycemic Control and Higher Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3167. [PMID: 37513585 PMCID: PMC10383462 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Body composition changes that occur during aging, such as loss of lean mass, are unfavorable at metabolic level and they can explain, in part, the appearance of certain age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Separately, T2D is associated with an increase in oxidative stress (OS) which negatively affects skeletal muscle. Our aim was to study the differences in clinical and nutritional parameters, disease control, and OS in a cohort of older patients with T2D classified according to the amount of lean mass they had. We included 100 adults older than 65 years with T2D. We found that women with low fat-free mass and muscle mass have worse T2D metabolic control. Moreover, the patients with a low percentile of muscle mass present a high value of OS. The study shows that the presence of low lean mass (LM) in the geriatric population diagnosed with T2D is associated with poorer glycemic control and greater OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Alabadi
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Civera
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrián De la Rosa
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José T Real
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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27
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Cappola AR, Auchus RJ, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Handelsman DJ, Kalyani RR, McClung M, Stuenkel CA, Thorner MO, Verbalis JG. Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1835-1874. [PMID: 37326526 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals. Each section describes the natural history and observational data in older individuals, available therapies, clinical trial data on efficacy and safety in older individuals, key points, and scientific gaps. The goal of this statement is to inform future research that refines prevention and treatment strategies in age-associated endocrine conditions, with the goal of improving the health of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, Medical Service, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48015, USA
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Andrology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael McClung
- Oregon Osteoporosis Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Cynthia A Stuenkel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael O Thorner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph G Verbalis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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28
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Iyer K, Ren S, Pu L, Mazur S, Zhao X, Dhupar R, Pu J. A Graph-Based Approach to Identify Factors Contributing to Postoperative Lung Cancer Recurrence among Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3472. [PMID: 37444581 PMCID: PMC10340686 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The accurate identification of the preoperative factors impacting postoperative cancer recurrence is crucial for optimizing neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies and guiding follow-up treatment plans. We modeled the causal relationship between radiographical features derived from CT scans and the clinicopathologic factors associated with postoperative lung cancer recurrence and recurrence-free survival. A retrospective cohort of 363 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent lung resections with a minimum 5-year follow-up was analyzed. Body composition tissues and tumor features were quantified based on preoperative whole-body CT scans (acquired as a component of PET-CT scans) and chest CT scans, respectively. A novel causal graphical model was used to visualize the causal relationship between these factors. Variables were assessed using the intervention do-calculus adjustment (IDA) score. Direct predictors for recurrence-free survival included smoking history, T-stage, height, and intramuscular fat mass. Subcutaneous fat mass, visceral fat volume, and bone mass exerted the greatest influence on the model. For recurrence, the most significant variables were visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and bone mass. Pathologic variables contributed to the recurrence model, with bone mass, TNM stage, and weight being the most important. Body composition, particularly adipose tissue distribution, significantly and causally impacted both recurrence and recurrence-free survival through interconnected relationships with other variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Iyer
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (K.I.); (S.R.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shangsi Ren
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (K.I.); (S.R.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lucy Pu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Summer Mazur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (K.I.); (S.R.); (X.Z.)
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.); (R.D.)
- Surgical Services Division, Thoracic Surgery, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jiantao Pu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (K.I.); (S.R.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Al-Sofiani ME, Asiri A, Alajmi S, Alkeridy W. Perspectives on Prediabetes and Aging. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:377-388. [PMID: 36948785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes prevention programs (DPPs) have been shown to effectively delay, and sometimes prevent, the progression from prediabetes to diabetes; however, labeling someone with prediabetes comes with potential negative psychological, financial, and self-perception consequences. Many older adults with prediabetes nowadays have a relatively "low-risk" form of prediabetes that rarely progresses to diabetes and may regress to normoglycemia. In this article, we review the impact of aging on glucose metabolism and provide a holistic approach to cases of prediabetes in older adults that maximizes the benefit-risk balance of interventions aimed at addressing prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Al-Sofiani
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Central Region, 12372, Saudi Arabia; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Alanood Asiri
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Central Region, 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alajmi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Central Region, 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Alkeridy
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Central Region, 12372, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The obesity epidemic in aging populations poses significant public health concerns for greater morbidity and mortality risk. Age-related increased adiposity is multifactorial and often associated with reduced lean body mass. The criteria used to define obesity by body mass index in younger adults may not appropriately reflect age-related body composition changes. No consensus has been reached on the definition of sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Lifestyle interventions are generally recommended as initial therapy; however, these approaches have limitations in older adults. Similar benefits in older compared with younger adults are reported with pharmacotherapy, however, large randomized clinical trials in geriatric populations are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Malandrino
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Salman Z Bhat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maha Alfaraidhy
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rajvarun S Grewal
- California Health Sciences University - College of Osteopathic Medicine (CHSU-COM), 2500 Alluvial Avenue, Clovis, CA 93611, USA
| | - Rita Rastogi Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Center on Aging and Health, The Johns Hopkins University, 2024 East Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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31
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Vasamsetti SB, Natarajan N, Sadaf S, Florentin J, Dutta P. Regulation of cardiovascular health and disease by visceral adipose tissue-derived metabolic hormones. J Physiol 2023; 601:2099-2120. [PMID: 35661362 PMCID: PMC9722993 DOI: 10.1113/jp282728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a metabolic organ known to regulate fat mass, and glucose and nutrient homeostasis. VAT is an active endocrine gland that synthesizes and secretes numerous bioactive mediators called 'adipocytokines/adipokines' into systemic circulation. These adipocytokines act on organs of metabolic importance like the liver and skeletal muscle. Multiple preclinical and in vitro studies showed strong evidence of the roles of adipocytokines in the regulation of metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. Adipocytokines, such as adiponectin and omentin, are anti-inflammatory and have been shown to prevent atherogenesis by increasing nitric oxide (NO) production by the endothelium, suppressing endothelium-derived inflammation and decreasing foam cell formation. By inhibiting differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) into osteoblasts, adiponectin and omentin prevent vascular calcification. On the other hand, adipocytokines like leptin and resistin induce inflammation and endothelial dysfunction that leads to vasoconstriction. By promoting VSMC migration and proliferation, extracellular matrix degradation and inflammatory polarization of macrophages, leptin and resistin increase the risk of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and rupture. Additionally, the plasma concentrations of these adipocytokines alter in ageing, rendering older humans vulnerable to cardiovascular disease. The disturbances in the normal physiological concentrations of these adipocytokines secreted by VAT under pathological conditions impede the normal functions of various organs and affect cardiovascular health. These adipokines could be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Babu Vasamsetti
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center-University Drive, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Niranjana Natarajan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
| | - Samreen Sadaf
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center-University Drive, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Florentin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
| | - Partha Dutta
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center-University Drive, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15213
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15213
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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32
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Lim ST, Kang S. Exercise therapy for sarcopenia and diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:565-572. [PMID: 37273255 PMCID: PMC10237001 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the gradual deterioration of function at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organism levels in humans. The typical diseases caused by changes in body composition, as well as functional decline in the human body’s organs due to aging include sarcopenia and metabolic disorders. The accumulation of dysfunctional aging β cells with age can cause decreased glucose tolerance and diabetes. Muscle decline has a multifactorial origin, involving lifestyle habits, disease triggers, and age-dependent biological changes. The reduced function of β cells in elderly people lowers insulin sensitivity, which affects protein synthesis and interferes with muscle synthesis. The functional decrease and aggravation of disease in elderly people with less regular exercise or physical activity causes imbalances in food intake and a continuous, vicious cycle. In contrast, resistance exercise increases the function of β cells and protein synthesis in elderly people. In this review, we discuss regular physical activities or exercises to prevent and improve health, which is sarcopenia as decreased muscle mass and metabolic disorders as diabetes in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Taek Lim
- Institute of Sports and Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 341-0018, Japan
| | - Sunghwun Kang
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-machinery convergence engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, South Korea
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de Ritter R, Sep SJS, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Kusters YHAM, Vos RC, Bots ML, Kooi ME, Dagnelie PC, Eussen SJPM, Schram MT, Koster A, Brouwers MCG, van der Sangen NMR, Peters SAE, van der Kallen CJH, Stehouwer CDA. Sex differences in body composition in people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as compared with people with normal glucose metabolism: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia 2023; 66:861-872. [PMID: 36805778 PMCID: PMC10036428 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, body composition differs between women and men. In this study we investigate the association between diabetes status and body composition and whether this association is moderated by sex. METHODS In a population-based cohort study (n=7639; age 40-75 years, 50% women, 25% type 2 diabetes), we estimated the sex-specific associations, and differences therein, of prediabetes (i.e. impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) and type 2 diabetes (reference: normal glucose metabolism [NGM]) with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)- and MRI-derived measures of body composition and with hip circumference. Sex differences were analysed using adjusted regression models with interaction terms of sex-by-diabetes status. RESULTS Compared with their NGM counterparts, both women and men with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes had more fat and lean mass and a greater hip circumference. The differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue, hip circumference and total and peripheral lean mass between type 2 diabetes and NGM were greater in women than men (women minus men [W-M] mean difference [95% CI]: 15.0 cm2 [1.5, 28.5], 3.2 cm [2.2, 4.1], 690 g [8, 1372] and 443 g [142, 744], respectively). The difference in visceral adipose tissue between type 2 diabetes and NGM was greater in men than women (W-M mean difference [95% CI]: -14.8 cm2 [-26.4, -3.1]). There was no sex difference in the percentage of liver fat between type 2 diabetes and NGM. The differences in measures of body composition between prediabetes and NGM were generally in the same direction, but were not significantly different between women and men. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study indicates that there are sex differences in body composition associated with type 2 diabetes. The pathophysiological significance of these sex-associated differences requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianneke de Ritter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Simone J S Sep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Adelante, Center of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yvo H A M Kusters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rimke C Vos
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Public Health and Primary Care/LUMC-Campus, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel L Bots
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M Eline Kooi
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C G Brouwers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sanne A E Peters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Gezer NS, Bandos AI, Beeche CA, Leader JK, Dhupar R, Pu J. CT-derived body composition associated with lung cancer recurrence after surgery. Lung Cancer 2023; 179:107189. [PMID: 37058786 PMCID: PMC10166196 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of body composition derived from computed tomography (CT) scans on postoperative lung cancer recurrence. METHODS We created a retrospective cohort of 363 lung cancer patients who underwent lung resections and had verified recurrence, death, or at least 5-year follow-up without either event. Five key body tissues and ten tumor features were automatically segmented and quantified based on preoperative whole-body CT scans (acquired as part of a PET-CT scan) and chest CT scans, respectively. Time-to-event analysis accounting for the competing event of death was performed to analyze the impact of body composition, tumor features, clinical information, and pathological features on lung cancer recurrence after surgery. The hazard ratio (HR) of normalized factors was used to assess individual significance univariately and in the combined models. The 5-fold cross-validated time-dependent receiver operating characteristics analysis, with an emphasis on the area under the 3-year ROC curve (AUC), was used to characterize the ability to predict lung cancer recurrence. RESULTS Body tissues that showed a standalone potential to predict lung cancer recurrence include visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (HR = 0.88, p = 0.047), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) density (HR = 1.14, p = 0.034), inter-muscle adipose tissue (IMAT) volume (HR = 0.83, p = 0.002), muscle density (HR = 1.27, p < 0.001), and total fat volume (HR = 0.89, p = 0.050). The CT-derived muscular and tumor features significantly contributed to a model including clinicopathological factors, resulting in an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75-0.83) to predict recurrence at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Body composition features (e.g., muscle density, or muscle and inter-muscle adipose tissue volumes) can improve the prediction of recurrence when combined with clinicopathological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naciye S Gezer
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Andriy I Bandos
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Cameron A Beeche
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joseph K Leader
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Surgical Services Division, Thoracic Surgery, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Jiantao Pu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Barrera Ortega S, Redondo Del Río P, Carreño Enciso L, de la Cruz Marcos S, Massia MN, de Mateo Silleras B. Phase Angle as a Prognostic Indicator of Survival in Institutionalized Psychogeriatric Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:2139. [PMID: 37432312 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase angle (PhA) has been evidenced to be a useful survival indicator and predictor of morbi-mortality in different pathologies, but not in psychogeriatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of PhA as a prognostic indicator of survival in a group of institutionalized psychogeriatric patients. A survival study was conducted on 157 patients (46.5% dementia, 43.9% schizophrenia). Functional impairment stage, frailty, dependence, malnutrition (MNA), comorbidity, polypharmacy, BMI, and waist circumference were registered. Body composition was analyzed using a 50-kHz whole-body BIA; PhA was recorded. The association between mortality and standardized-PhA was evaluated through univariate and multivariate Cox regression models and ROC-curve. The risk of death decreased when Z-PhA, BMI, and MNA were higher. Mortality increases with age, frailty, and dependence. The risk of death was statistically significantly lower (56.5%) in patients with schizophrenia vs. dementia (89%). The Z-PhA cut-off point was -0.81 (Sensitivity:0.75; Specificity:0.60). Mortality risk was multiplied by 1.09 in subjects with a Z-PhA < -0.81, regardless of age, presence of dementia, and BMI. PhA presented a remarkable clinical utility as an independent indicator of survival in psychogeriatric patients. Moreover, it could be useful to detect disease-related malnutrition and to identify subjects eligible for an early clinical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barrera Ortega
- Psycho-Geriatric Area, Assistance Center of San Juan de Dios, 34005 Palencia, Spain
| | - Paz Redondo Del Río
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Carreño Enciso
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sandra de la Cruz Marcos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Noel Massia
- Psycho-Geriatric Area, Assistance Center of San Juan de Dios, 34005 Palencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Mateo Silleras
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Radić J, Kolak E, Vučković M, Gelemanović A, Đogaš H, Bučan Nenadić D, Radić M. Assessment of Hydration, Nutritional Status and Arterial Stiffness in Hypertensive Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:2045. [PMID: 37432203 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the body fluid volume in patients diagnosed with both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and arterial hypertension (AH), and to investigate the relationship between fluid overload (FO), nutritional status and arterial stiffness in this specific patient population. A total of 169 participants with CKD and AH were enrolled in the study, and data on general parameters, comorbidities, medication use, and laboratory parameters were collected. Body composition was assessed with a Tanita MC 780 device, and data on the central and peripheral systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the augmentation index (AIx) were collected with an IEM Mobil-O-Graph 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitor, which was based on oscillometry. The Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) questionnaire was used to determine the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi). Our results showed that the significant positive predictors of hydration status were the use of diuretics and oral hypoglycemic agents, whereas the negative predictors were female sex, higher body mass index level and use of two or more antihypertensives in the form of a single-pill combination. We also found differences in blood pressure and arterial stiffness parameters in relation to volume status, along with differences based on the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). In conclusion, these results call for a higher awareness of volume status in the care of CKD patients with AH, especially in those with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Radić
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology and Haemodialysis Division, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ela Kolak
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Vučković
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology and Haemodialysis Division, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Andrea Gelemanović
- Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences (MedILS), 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Hana Đogaš
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology and Haemodialysis Division, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dora Bučan Nenadić
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Mislav Radić
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology Division, Center of Excellence for Systemic Sclerosis in Croatia, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Mhlanga NL, Netangaheni TR. Risks of Type 2 diabetes among older people living with HIV: A scoping review. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2023. [DOI: 10.4102/safp.v65i1.5623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
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Abstract
Introduction Objectives: an expert report is presented on the situation of loss of muscle mass in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a proposal of what the clinical approach to this comorbidity should be, based on the evidence from the literature and clinical experience. Method: a qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal approach. A literature search on diabetes and muscle was made and submitted to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who through a face-to-face meeting discussed different aspects of the role of muscle mass in T2DM. Results: muscle mass must be taken into account in the clinical context of patients with T2DM. It has an enormous impact on patient function and quality of life, and is as important as adequate metabolic control of T2DM. Conclusions: in addition to drug therapy and diet adjustments, aerobic and strength activities are essential for maintaining muscle mass and function in diabetic patients. In concrete situations, artificial oral supplementation specific for muscle care could improve the situation of malnutrition and low muscle mass. Measures such as the walking speed test, chair test, or the SARC-F questionnaire, together with the Barthel index, constitute a first step to diagnose relevant impairment requiring intervention in patients with T2DM. This document seeks to answer some questions about the importance, assessment, and control of muscle mass in T2DM.
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Rossini-Venturini AC, Veras L, Abdalla PP, Santos APD, Tasinafo-Junior MF, Silva LSLD, Alves TC, Ferriolli E, Romo-Perez V, Garcia-Soidan JL, Mota J, Machado DRL. Multicompartment body composition analysis in older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:87. [PMID: 36759773 PMCID: PMC9912531 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During aging, changes occur in the proportions of muscle, fat, and bone. Body composition (BC) alterations have a great impact on health, quality of life, and functional capacity. Several equations to predict BC using anthropometric measurements have been developed from a bi-compartmental (2-C) approach that determines only fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM). However, these models have several limitations, when considering constant density, progressive bone demineralization, and changes in the hydration of the FFM, as typical changes during senescence. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to propose and validate a new multi-compartmental anthropometric model to predict fat, bone, and musculature components in older adults of both sexes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 100 older adults of both sexes. To determine the dependent variables (fat mass [FM], bone mineral content [BMC], and appendicular lean soft tissue [ALST]) whole total and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) body scans were performed. Twenty-nine anthropometric measures and sex were appointed as independent variables. Models were developed through multivariate linear regression. Finally, the predicted residual error sum of squares (PRESS) statistic was used to measure the effectiveness of the predicted value for each dependent variable. RESULTS An equation was developed to simultaneously predict FM, BMC, and ALST from only four variables: weight, half-arm span (HAS), triceps skinfold (TriSK), and sex. This model showed high coefficients of determination and low estimation errors (FM: R2adj: 0.83 and SEE: 3.16; BMC: R2adj: 0.61 and SEE: 0.30; ALST: R2adj: 0.85 and SEE: 1.65). CONCLUSION The equations provide a reliable, practical, and low-cost instrument to monitor changes in body components during the aging process. The internal cross-validation method PRESS presented sufficient reliability in the model as an inexpensive alternative for clinical field use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia Rossini-Venturini
- College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. .,Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Veras
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil ,Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Pereira dos Santos
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil ,Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Márcio Fernando Tasinafo-Junior
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cândido Alves
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferriolli
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vicente Romo-Perez
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Garcia-Soidan
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jorge Mota
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil ,Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil ,grid.7157.40000 0000 9693 350XESEC - Universidade do Algarve. , Campus da Penha, Faro, Portugal
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Varol U, Navarro-Santana MJ, Gómez-Sánchez S, Plaza-Manzano G, Sánchez-Jiménez E, Valera-Calero JA. Inter-Examiner Disagreement for Assessing Cervical Multifidus Ultrasound Metrics Is Associated with Body Composition Features. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23031213. [PMID: 36772252 PMCID: PMC9921918 DOI: 10.3390/s23031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound imaging (US) is a biosensing technique that is widely used in several healthcare disciplines (including physiotherapy) for assessing multiple muscle metrics, such as muscle morphology and quality. Since all biosensors need to be tested in order to demonstrate their reliability, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, identifying factors that affect their diagnostic accuracy is essential. Since previous studies analyzed the impact of sociodemographic but not body composition characteristics in US errors, this study aimed to assess whether body composition metrics are associated with ultrasound measurement errors. B-mode images of the lumbar multifidus muscle at the L5 level were acquired and analyzed in 47 healthy volunteers by two examiners (one experienced and one novice). The cross-sectional area, muscle perimeter, and mean echo intensity were calculated bilaterally. A correlation analysis and a multivariate linear regression model were used for assessing the inter-examiner differences with respect to body composition metrics. The results demonstrated good-to-excellent reliability estimates for the cross-sectional area, muscle perimeter, aspect ratio, roundness, circularity, and mean brightness metrics (all ICC > 0.85). However, solidity showed unacceptable reliability (ICC < 0.7). Age, height, total lean mass, trunk lean mass, and water volume were associated with inter-examiner disagreement on mean echo intensity. Cross-sectional area, perimeter, and roundness measurement errors were associated with lean mass and water volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Varol
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 29222 Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Gómez-Sánchez
- Faculty of Health, Universidad Católica de Ávila, C/Canteros, s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-Jiménez
- Faculty of Health, Universidad Católica de Ávila, C/Canteros, s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Correlation between Body Composition and Inter-Examiner Errors for Assessing Lumbar Multifidus Muscle Size, Shape and Quality Metrics with Ultrasound Imaging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020133. [PMID: 36829627 PMCID: PMC9952113 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound imaging (US) is widely used in several healthcare disciplines (including physiotherapy) for assessing multiple muscle metrics such as muscle morphology and quality. Since measuring instruments are required to demonstrate their reliability, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity prior to their use in clinical and research settings, identifying factors affecting their diagnostic accuracy is essential. Since previous studies analyzed the impact of sociodemographic but not body composition characteristics in US errors, this study aimed to assess whether body composition metrics are correlated with ultrasound measurement errors. B-mode images of the lumbar multifidus muscle at the fifth lumbar vertebral level (L5) were acquired and analyzed in 49 healthy volunteers by two examiners (one experienced and one novel). Cross-sectional area, muscle perimeter and mean echo intensity were calculated bilaterally. A multivariate correlation matrix was calculated for assessing the inter-examiner differences with body composition metrics. Results demonstrated excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC > 0.9) for assessing the muscle cross-sectional area and perimeter, and good reliability for assessing the muscle shape and mean echo intensity (ICC > 0.7). Inter-examiner errors for estimating muscle size were correlated with participants' age (p value, p < 0.01), weight (p < 0.05), total and trunk lean mass (both, p < 0.01) and water volume (p < 0.05). Greater shape descriptors and mean brightness disagreements were correlated with older ages (p < 0.05) and total lean mass (p < 0.05). No correlations between age and body composition metrics were found (p > 0.05). This study found US to be a reliable tool for assessing muscle size, shape and mean brightness. Although aging showed no correlations with body composition changes in this sample, it was the main factor correlated with US measurement errors.
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Pu L, Gezer NS, Ashraf SF, Ocak I, Dresser DE, Dhupar R. Automated segmentation of five different body tissues on computed tomography using deep learning. Med Phys 2023; 50:178-191. [PMID: 36008356 PMCID: PMC11186697 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate a computer tool for automatic and simultaneous segmentation of five body tissues depicted on computed tomography (CT) scans: visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), skeletal muscle (SM), and bone. METHODS A cohort of 100 CT scans acquired on different subjects were collected from The Cancer Imaging Archive-50 whole-body positron emission tomography-CTs, 25 chest, and 25 abdominal. Five different body tissues (i.e., VAT, SAT, IMAT, SM, and bone) were manually annotated. A training-while-annotating strategy was used to improve the annotation efficiency. The 10-fold cross-validation method was used to develop and validate the performance of several convolutional neural networks (CNNs), including UNet, Recurrent Residual UNet (R2Unet), and UNet++. A grid-based three-dimensional patch sampling operation was used to train the CNN models. The CNN models were also trained and tested separately for each body tissue to see if they could achieve a better performance than segmenting them jointly. The paired sample t-test was used to statistically assess the performance differences among the involved CNN models RESULTS: When segmenting the five body tissues simultaneously, the Dice coefficients ranged from 0.826 to 0.840 for VAT, from 0.901 to 0.908 for SAT, from 0.574 to 0.611 for IMAT, from 0.874 to 0.889 for SM, and from 0.870 to 0.884 for bone, which were significantly higher than the Dice coefficients when segmenting the body tissues separately (p < 0.05), namely, from 0.744 to 0.819 for VAT, from 0.856 to 0.896 for SAT, from 0.433 to 0.590 for IMAT, from 0.838 to 0.871 for SM, and from 0.803 to 0.870 for bone. CONCLUSION There were no significant differences among the CNN models in segmenting body tissues, but jointly segmenting body tissues achieved a better performance than segmenting them separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Pu
- Department, of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- North Allegheny Senior High School, Wexford, USA
| | - Naciye S Gezer
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Iclal Ocak
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel E. Dresser
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department, of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Surgical Services Division, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Pan R, Zhang Y, Wang R, Xu Y, Ji H, Zhao Y. Effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279889. [PMID: 36584211 PMCID: PMC9803203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is closely related to sarcopenic obesity(SO). Body composition measurement including body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, percentage body fat, fat mass, muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneus adipose tissue, plays a key role in evaluating T2DM and SO. The weight reduction effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT-2) inhibitors has been demonstrated. However, there are warnings that SGLT-2 inhibitors should be used with caution because they may increase the risk of sarcopenia. The effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on body composition in T2DM is inconclusive. In this work, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to evaluate the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on body composition in T2DM. METHODS PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMbase and Web of Science databases were searched by computer. All statistical analyses were carried out with Review Manager version 5. 3. Results were compared by weight mean difference(WMD), with 95% confidence intervals(CI) for continuous outcomes. A random effects model was applied regardless of heterogeneity. The I2 statistic was applied to evaluate the heterogeneity of studies. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel plots. RESULTS 18 studies with 1430 participants were eligible for the meta-analysis. SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly reduced body weight(WMD:-2. 73kg, 95%CI: -3. 32 to -2. 13, p<0. 00001), body mass index(WMD:-1. 13kg/m2, 95%CI: -1. 77 to -0. 50, p = 0. 0005), waist circumference(WMD:-2. 20cm, 95%CI: -3. 81 to -0. 58, p = 0. 008), visceral fat area(MD:-14. 79cm2, 95%CI: -24. 65 to -4. 93, p = 0. 003), subcutaneous fat area(WMD:-23. 27cm2, 95% CI:-46. 44 to -0. 11, P = 0. 05), fat mass(WMD:-1. 16kg, 95%CI: -2. 01 to -0. 31, p = 0. 008), percentage body fat(WMD:-1. 50%, 95%CI:-2. 12 to -0. 87, P<0. 00001), lean mass(WMD:-0. 76kg, 95%CI:-1. 53 to 0. 01, P = 0. 05) and skeletal muscle mass(WMD:-1. 01kg, 95%CI:-1. 91 to -0. 11, P = 0. 03). CONCLUSION SGLT-2 inhibitors improve body composition in T2DM including body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area, percentage body fat and fat mass reduction, but cause adverse effects of reducing muscle mass. Therefore, until more evidence is obtained to support that SGLT-2 inhibitors increase the risk of sarcopenia, not only the benefit on body composition, but also the adverse effect of the reduction in muscle mass by SGLT-2 inhibitors in T2DM should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhou Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongcai Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Manková D, Novák J, Sedlak P, Andrlíková Farkova E. The circadian preferences in the context of sociodemographic indicators and lifestyle. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1574-1589. [PMID: 36342233 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2134786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Circadian preferences are frequently used as a synonym for chronotype. Both terms are based on different principles and are measured by a variant questionnaire. We focused on circadian preferences, delimited as an individual preference for the timing of various activities, and their relationship to the selected sociodemographic factors. All participants (n = 2068) filled out online questionnaires including MEQ, MCTQ, and sociodemographic information (age, sex, place of residence, marital status, childcare, education, financial security, physical and mental health). Although the concept of chronotype and circadian preference differ, the mutual correlation was high. Our results of the observed variables are similar to other studies. We revealed evening preference is related to a higher probability of living in a big city, having a single life, a higher risk of smoking, worse health status, and worse financial security. We observed a higher social jet lag among them. Our research complies with previous studies, which found that in some areas, people with evening preferences evince worse results. Due to the evening preference, these people are at a disadvantage, and the society's setting for morning operations can lead to a deepening of these differences. We recommend further research, which would focus on the practical application of results to the everyday life of participants to create preventive programs aimed at reducing the negative impact of evening preferences on life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Manková
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sedlak
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Andrlíková Farkova
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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Pu L, Ashraf SF, Gezer NS, Ocak I, Dresser DE, Leader JK, Dhupar R. Estimating 3-D whole-body composition from a chest CT scan. Med Phys 2022; 49:7108-7117. [PMID: 35737963 PMCID: PMC10084085 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimating whole-body composition from limited region-computed tomography (CT) scans has many potential applications in clinical medicine; however, it is challenging. PURPOSE To investigate if whole-body composition based on several tissue types (visceral adipose tissue [VAT], subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT], intermuscular adipose tissue [IMAT], skeletal muscle [SM], and bone) can be reliably estimated from a chest CT scan only. METHODS A cohort of 97 lung cancer subjects who underwent both chest CT scans and whole-body positron emission tomography-CT scans at our institution were collected. We used our in-house software to automatically segment and quantify VAT, SAT, IMAT, SM, and bone on the CT images. The field-of-views of the chest CT scans and the whole-body CT scans were standardized, namely, from vertebra T1 to L1 and from C1 to the bottom of the pelvis, respectively. Multivariate linear regression was used to develop the computer models for estimating the volumes of whole-body tissues from chest CT scans. Subject demographics (e.g., gender and age) and lung volume were included in the modeling analysis. Ten-fold cross-validation was used to validate the performance of the prediction models. Mean absolute difference (MAD) and R-squared (R2 ) were used as the performance metrics to assess the model performance. RESULTS The R2 values when estimating volumes of whole-body SAT, VAT, IMAT, total fat, SM, and bone from the regular chest CT scans were 0.901, 0.929, 0.900, 0.933, 0.928, and 0.918, respectively. The corresponding MADs (percentage difference) were 1.44 ± 1.21 L (12.21% ± 11.70%), 0.63 ± 0.49 L (29.68% ± 61.99%), 0.12 ± 0.09 L (16.20% ± 18.42%), 1.65 ± 1.40 L (10.43% ± 10.79%), 0.71 ± 0.68 L (5.14% ± 4.75%), and 0.17 ± 0.15 L (4.32% ± 3.38%), respectively. CONCLUSION Our algorithm shows promise in its ability to estimate whole-body compositions from chest CT scans. Body composition measures based on chest CT scans are more accurate than those based on vertebra third lumbar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Pu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,North Allegheny Senior High School, Wexford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Syed F Ashraf
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Naciye S Gezer
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Iclal Ocak
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel E Dresser
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph K Leader
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Surgical Services Division, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zupančič B, Umek N, Ugwoke CK, Cvetko E, Horvat S, Grdadolnik J. Application of FTIR Spectroscopy to Detect Changes in Skeletal Muscle Composition Due to Obesity with Insulin Resistance and STZ-Induced Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012498. [PMID: 36293355 PMCID: PMC9603871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are pathophysiologically interconnected factors that significantly contribute to the global burden of non-communicable diseases. These metabolic conditions are associated with impaired insulin function, which disrupts the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins and can lead to structural and functional changes in skeletal muscle. Therefore, the alterations in the macromolecular composition of skeletal muscle may provide an indication of the underlying mechanisms of insulin-related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to reveal the changes in macromolecular composition in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing muscles of old, obese, insulin-resistant, and young streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The efficiency of FTIR spectroscopy was evaluated by comparison with the results of gold-standard histochemical techniques. The differences in biomolecular phenotypes and the alterations in muscle composition in relation to their functional properties observed from FTIR spectra suggest that FTIR spectroscopy can detect most of the changes observed in muscle tissue by histochemical analyses and more. Therefore, it could be used as an effective alternative because it allows for the complete characterization of macromolecular composition in a single, relatively simple experiment, avoiding some obvious drawbacks of histochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zupančič
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Umek
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (N.U.); (J.G.)
| | | | - Erika Cvetko
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Chair for Genetics, Biotechnology and Immunology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Jože Grdadolnik
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (N.U.); (J.G.)
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Li W, Li X, Huang T, Chen Y, Zhang H, Dai H, Wen Y. Normative reference data for body composition in healthy indigenous populations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Front Public Health 2022; 10:986720. [PMID: 36276374 PMCID: PMC9584638 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.986720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Body composition represents an important aspect of physical fitness and has received increasing attention in recent years. The present study was designed and conducted to provide reference values for age-, sex-, and altitude-specific body composition for healthy indigenous Tibetan adults living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has not yet been studied. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,356 healthy Tibetan adults (1,433 females and 923 males) living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for generations. The body composition of the participants was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The measurements included weight, basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat-free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), protein mass (PM), bone mass (BM), fat mass (FM), percentage of body fat (PBF), subcutaneous fat mass (SFM), visceral fat mass (VFM), total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW). Overall, males had greater FFM, SMM, PM, BM, and water mass, whereas females were high in fat mass. Participants from plains generally had higher body composition values, and PM, BM, FM and body water values decreased with increasing altitude, with the lowest values found in >4,000 m Shigatse. FFM, SMM, PM, and BM tended to decrease with increasing age, whereas fat mass and ECW tended to increase with increasing age. This study provides the first normative reference data of body composition for healthy indigenous individuals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. These datasets are important for future research related to body composition. A considerable decrease in body composition values in > 4,000 m-altitude areas suggested that body composition cutoff values should be established by altitude. Age-, sex-, and altitude-specific alterations in body composition values also inform the prevention and amendment of abnormal body composition changes and resultant health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Dai
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hongliang Dai
| | - Youfeng Wen
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China,Youfeng Wen
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Li S, Li S, Ding J, Zhou W. Visceral fat area and body fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis correlate with glycometabolism. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:231. [PMID: 36109703 PMCID: PMC9479287 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity evaluated by body mass index (BMI) is associated with glycometabolism. The aim of the investigation was to explore the correlation of visceral fat area (VFA), body fat percentage (BFP), BMI and waist circumference (WC) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes. METHODS A total of 18,458 participates underwent physical examination in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2018 to April 2022 was included in this study. Data were collected retrospectively. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of VFA, BFP, WC and BMI with diabetes status, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c). RESULTS After fully adjusted for multiple covariates, VFA, BFP, WC and BMI in T2DM and pre-diabetes group exceeded compared with normal group. FBG was positively correlated with VFA, BFP, WC and BMI with βs of 2.221,0.306,0.606 and 0.175(p < 0.001). HbA1c was also positively correlated with the four indexes with βs of 2.645, 0.328, 0.685 and 0.255(p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis shown that FBG and HbA1c were positively correlated with VFA, BFP, BMI and WC in normal and pre-diabetes group (p < 0.001). FBG was negatively correlated with BMI in T2DM group (p = 0.023). In T2DM, there were non-linear relationships of HbA1c with VFA, BFP, WC and BMI with the inflection points for about 7%. Before the inflection point, HbA1c was positively correlated with obesity-related indicators, and it was reversed after the inflection point. In the individuals with excessive VFA and normal BMI, the risk for glycometabolism disorder exceed compared with normal VFA and normal BMI. Every per-standard deviation increasing in VFA, BFP, WC and BMI, the corresponding risk increasing of glycometabolism disorder was 16.4, 14.6, 22.6 and 22.2%. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that in adults with T2DM or prediabetes, the VFA, BFP, WC and BMI were higher than with normal glycometabolism. In pre-diabetes and normal population, there were positive correlations of HbA1c and FBG with obesity-related indicators. In T2DM with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%), there might be a trend of fat loss. VFA could negatively affect glycometabolism independently from BMI. The optimum to evaluate the risk of glycometabolism disorder was WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihong Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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Yu Q, Weng W, Luo H, Yan J, Zhao X. The Novel Predictive Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4529-4539. [PMID: 35992755 PMCID: PMC9384973 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s377465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was to explore the predictive value of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophils to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio (CLR), and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB). Patients and Methods A total of 991 active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) patients (201 with T2DM) were hospitalized in the Department of Tuberculosis, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were included. The routine blood examination indicators and biochemical parameters were collected to calculate MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR. The Pearson correlation analysis, Univariate Logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to assess the predictive value of MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR for APTB-T2DM patients. Results The levels of MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR in the APTB-T2DM patients were significantly higher than in the APTB-no T2DM patients (P < 0.05). Additionally, the MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR have a positive correlation with fasting blood glucose in the whole study population. However, in the APTB-T2DM patients, MHR, NHR, and CAR were not correlated with fasting blood glucose, and only CLR was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose. The area under curve (AUC) predicting APTB-T2DM patients of the MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR was 0.632, 0.72, 0.715, and 0.713, respectively. Further, univariate logistic regression analyses showed that the higher MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR were independent risk factors for APTB-T2DM (P < 0.01). The MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR quartiles were used to divide the APTB patients into four groups for further analysis. The prevalence of T2DM was significantly higher in APTB individuals as MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR values increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion MHR, NHR, CLR, and CAR are simple and practicable inflammatory parameters that could be used for assessing T2DM in APTB. APTB patients have a greater possibility to be diagnosed with T2DM with the higher MHR, NHR CLR, and CAR values. Therefore, more attention should be given to the indicator in the examination of APTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wujin Weng
- Department of Oncology, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jisong Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510799, People's Republic of China
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