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Wang P, Gu X, Li S, Shen J, Liu J, Gong C, Chen Y. Deep degradation of sulfamethoxazole by the Fe-Co/γ-Al 2O 3-catalysed photo-Fenton system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3924-3939. [PMID: 37487236 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2237658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous photo-Fenton system using Fe-Co/γ-Al2O3 as a catalyst was applied in the study of sulfamethoxazole(SMX) degradation. The morphology, structure, elemental composition and metal valence distribution of Fe-Co/γ-Al2O3 were found to be relatively stable before and after the reaction. The highest SMX degradation efficiency and mineralization (The ratio of organic matter being oxidized to carbon dioxide and water) were obtained under the conditions of 15% Fe-Co loading rate, 1:1 mass ratio of Fe and Co, 1 g/L catalyst dosage, 1.5 mL 30% H2O2 dosage, 18 W UV lamp power and 60 min reaction time, which were 98% and 66%, respectively. Radical quenching experiments and electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization revealed that ·OH played an important role in the degradation and mineralization SMX in the Fe-Co/γ-Al2O3 heterogeneous photo-Fenton system. Combined with the analysis of N, S and intermediate products, there may be three degradation pathways of SMX in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton system. This work provides a technical reference for realizing the efficient degradation and mineralization of SMX in a heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peize Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanyu Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxiu Shen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jining Liu
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbin Gong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwen Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Khan H. In situ nitrogen-doped graphene-TiO 2 nano-hybrid as an efficient photocatalyst for pollutant degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45383-45398. [PMID: 38963620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
To solve environmental-related issues (wastewater remediation, energy conservation and air purification) caused by rapid urbanization and industrialization, synthesis of novel and modified nanostructured photocatalyst has received increasing attention in recent years. We herein report the facile synthesis of in situ nitrogen-doped chemically anchored TiO2 with graphene through sol-gel method. The structural analysis using X-ray diffraction showed that the crystalline nitrogen-doped graphene-titanium dioxide (N-GT) nanocomposite is mainly composed of anatase with minor brookite phase. Raman spectroscopy revealed the graphene characteristic band presence at low intensity level in addition to the main bands of anatase TiO2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis disclosed the chemical bonding of TiO2 with graphene via Ti-O-C linkage, also the substitution of nitrogen dopant in both TiO2 lattice and into the skeleton of graphene nanoflakes. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy analysis established that the modified material can efficiently absorb the longer wavelength range photons due to its narrowed band gap. The N0.06-GT material showed the highest degradation efficiency over methylene blue (MB, ∼98%) under UV and sulfamethoxazole (SMX, ∼ 90.0%) under visible light irradiation. The increased activity of the composite is credited to the synergistic effect of high surface area via greater adsorption capacity, narrowed band gap via increased photon absorption, and reduced e-/h+ recombination via good electron acceptability of graphene nanoflakes and defect sites (Ti3+ and oxygen vacancy (Vo)). The ROS experiments further depict that primarily hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and superoxide anions (O2•-) are responsible for the pollutant degradation in the process redox reactions. In summary, our findings specify new insight into the fabrication of this new material whose efficiency can be further tested in applications like H2 production, CO2 conversion to value-added products, and in energy conservation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada.
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3
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Barros de Souza A, Ali I, van de Goor T, Dewil R, Cabooter D. Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the photoelectrochemical degradation of environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals and their degradation products in water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:120023. [PMID: 38181683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of organic micropollutants in the environment reflects the inability of traditional wastewater treatment plants to remove them. In this context, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as promising quaternary wastewater treatment technologies since they efficiently degrade recalcitrant components by generating highly reactive free radicals. Nonetheless, the chemical characterization of potentially harmful byproducts is essential to avoid the contamination of natural water bodies with hazardous substances. Given the complexity of wastewater matrices, the implementation of comprehensive analytical methodologies is required. In this work, the simultaneous photoelectrochemical degradation of seven environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals and one metabolite from the EU Watch List 2020/1161 was examined in ultrapure water and simulated wastewater, achieving excellent removal efficiencies (overall >95%) after 180 min treatment. The reactor unit was linked to an online LC sample manager, allowing for automated sampling every 15 min and near real-time process monitoring. Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was subsequently used to tentatively identify degradation products after photoelectrochemical degradation. Two reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) columns were used: an SB-C18 column operated with 5 mM ammonium formate at pH 5.8 (1A) and methanol (1B) as the mobile phases in the first dimension and an SB-Aq column using acidified water at pH 3.1 (2A) and acetonitrile (2B) as the mobile phases in the second dimension. This resulted in a five-fold increase in peak capacity compared to one-dimensional LC while maintaining the same total analysis time of 50 min. The LC x LC method allowed the tentative identification of 12 venlafaxine, 7 trimethoprim and 10 ciprofloxacin intermediates. Subsequent toxicity predictions suggested that some of these byproducts were potentially harmful. This study presents an effective hybrid technology for the simultaneous removal of pharmaceuticals from contaminated wastewater matrices and demonstrates how multidimensional liquid chromatography techniques can be applied to better understand the degradation mechanisms after the treatment of micropollutants with AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allisson Barros de Souza
- Agilent Technologies Deutschland, Hewlett-Packard-Strasse 8, 76337, Waldbronn, Germany; KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Izba Ali
- InOpSys - Mobiele Waterzuivering voor Chemie en Farma, Maanstraat 9b, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Tom van de Goor
- Agilent Technologies Deutschland, Hewlett-Packard-Strasse 8, 76337, Waldbronn, Germany
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium; University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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4
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Boonprakob N, Channei D, Zhao C. High-performance photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) using a retrievable Fe-doped WO 3/SiO 2 heterostructure. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:22. [PMID: 38294564 PMCID: PMC10831000 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of pristine WO3 was systematically adjusted due to its fast recombination rate and low reduction potential. A designed heterostructure photocatalyst was necessarily synthesised by Fe3+ metal ions doping into WO3 structure with and composition modification. In this study, we synthesised a retrievable Fe-doped WO3/SiO2 heterostructure using a surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. This heterostructure was then employed as an effective photocatalyst for the removal of Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation. Enlarged photocatalytic reduction was observed over a synergetic 7.5 mol% Fe-doped WO3/SiO2-20 nanocomposite, resulting in dramatically increased activity compared with undoped WO3 and SiO2 nanomaterials under visible light illumination within 90 min. The presence of 7.5 mol% Fe3+ ion dopant in WO3 optimised electron-hole recombination, consequently reducing WO3 photocorrosion. After adding SiO2 nanoparticles, the binary WO3-SiO2 nanocomposite played roles as both adsorbent and photocatalyst to increase specific surface area. Thus, the 7.5 mol% Fe-doped WO3/SiO2-20 nanocomposite catalyst had more active sites on the surface of catalyst, and enhanced photocatalytic reduction was significantly achieved. The results showed 91.1% photocatalytic reduction over the optimum photocatalyst, with a photoreduction kinetic rate of 21.1 × 10-3 min-1, which was approximately four times faster than pristine WO3. Therefore, the superior optimal photocatalyst demonstrated reusability, with activities decreasing by only 9.8% after five cycles. The high photocatalytic performance and excellent stability of our photocatalyst indicate great potential for water pollution treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natkritta Boonprakob
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit, 53000, Thailand.
| | - Duangdao Channei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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5
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Willis D, Sheets EC, Worbington MR, Kamat M, Glass SK, Caso MJ, Ofoegbuna T, Diaz LM, Osei-Appau C, Snow SD, McPeak KM. Efficient Chemical-Free Degradation of Waterborne Micropollutants with an Immobilized Dual-Porous TiO 2 Photocatalyst. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2023; 3:1694-1705. [PMID: 37969427 PMCID: PMC10644339 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) promise a chemical-free route to energy-efficient degradation of waterborne micropollutants if long-standing mass transfer and light management issues can be overcome. Herein, we developed a dual-porous photocatalytic system consisting of a mesoporous (i.e., 2-50 nm pores) TiO2 (P25) photocatalyst supported on macroporous (i.e., >50 nm pores) fused quartz fibers (P25/QF). Our reusable photocatalytic AOP reduces chemical consumption and exhibits excellent energy efficiency, demonstrated by degrading various pharmaceutical compounds (acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, and carbamazepine) in natural waters with electrical energy per order (EEO) values of 4.07, 0.96, and 1.35 kWh/m3, respectively. Compared to the conventional H2O2/UVC AOP, our photocatalytic AOP can treat water without chemical additives while reducing energy consumption by over 2800%. We examine these improvements based on mass transport and optical (UVA and UVC) transmittance and demonstrate that the enhancements scale with increasing flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
E. Willis
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Ella C. Sheets
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Mary R. Worbington
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Madhusudan Kamat
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sarah K. Glass
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - MaCayla J. Caso
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tochukwu Ofoegbuna
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Liz M. Diaz
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Caleb Osei-Appau
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Samuel D. Snow
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kevin M. McPeak
- Gordon
and Mary Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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6
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Yu Z, Wu J, Zhang J, Chen X, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Li D, Chen J, Liu H, Chen P, Lv W, Liu G. Carbon nitride nanotubes anchored with Cu(I) triggers peracetic acid activation with visible light for removal of antibiotic contaminants: Probing mechanisms of non-radical pathways and identifying active sites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132401. [PMID: 37639786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The peracetic acid (PAA)-activation process has attracted much attention in wastewater treatment. However, the low electron efficiency at the interface between heterogeneous catalysts and PAA has affected its practical application. For this study, we developed a carbon nitride hollow-nanotube catalysts with dispersed Cu(I) sites (Cu(I)-TCN) for the photocatalytic activation of PAA for antibiotics degradation. The obtained Cu(I)-TCN catalyst demonstrated an enhanced capacity for visible light harvesting along with increased charge transfer rates. Specifically, the developed Cu(I)-TCN/visible light/PAA system was able to completely remove antibiotics within 20 min, with a kinetic constant that was 25 times higher than a Cu(I)-TCN/visible light system, and 83 times higher than Cu(I)-TCN/PAA systems. Scavenging experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that singlet oxygen was dominant reactive specie for sulfisoxazole (SIZ) removal. Besides, electrochemical tests and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy verified that the electron transfer efficiency of PAA activation was promoted due to the formation of inner-sphere interactions between PAA and Cu(I)-TCN, resulting in the quick removal of antibiotics. Further, after exposure to visible light, the Cu(I)-TCN excited photogenerated electrons which supplemented the electrons consumed in the reaction and drove the valence cycle of Cu ions. Overall, this research offered novel insights into the non-radical pathway for heterogeneous visible light-driven advanced oxidation processes and their potential for practical wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshun Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianqing Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinfan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongquan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Daguang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaqiang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenying Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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7
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Zhang J, Li Y, Gong Y, Zhu C, Zhang L, Tang H, He W, Wang B. Bi(Ⅲ) and Ce(Ⅳ) functionalized carbon nitride photocatalyst for antibiotic degradation: Synthesis, toxicity, and mechanism investigations. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138888. [PMID: 37209849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has shown great potential for antibiotic wastewater treatment due to its unique electronic structure and corresponding to visible light. In this study, a series of Bi/Ce/g-C3N4 photocatalysts with different doping amount were developed by direct calcination method for Rhodamine B and sulfamethoxazole photocatalytic degradation. The experiment result shows that the photocatalytic performance of Bi/Ce/g-C3N4 catalysts were better than that of single component samples. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the degradation rates of RhB (20 min) and SMX (120 min) by 3Bi/Ce/g-C3N4 reached 98.3% and 70.5%, respectively. The theoretical calculation results of DFT show that after Bi and Ce doping modification, the band-gap width of g-C3N4 is reduced to 1.215 eV and carrier migration rate is greatly improved. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to the capture of electrons after doping modification, which inhibition of photogenerated carriers recombination and reduced the gap width. The cyclic treatment experiment of sulfamethoxazole showed that Bi/Ce/g-C3N4 catalysts had good stability. Ecosar evaluation and leaching toxicity test showed that Bi/Ce/g-C3N4 can be safely used for wastewater treatment. This study provides a perfect strategy for modifying g-C3N4 and a new way to improve the photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2).
| | - Yuanchun Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
| | - Yuanyi Gong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
| | - Chuntao Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
| | - Lanhe Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
| | - Hong Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
| | - Weihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China(2).
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, PR China(2)
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8
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Sheikhmohammadi A, Asgari E, Alinejad N, Hashemzadeh B. Photocatalytic oxidation of ciprofloxacin by UV/ α-Fe2O3/sulfite: mechanism, kinetic, degradation pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:192-205. [PMID: 34878341 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.2013453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of sulfite reducing agent on the UV/hematite (α-Fe2O3) photocatalytic process performance in the removal of ciprofloxacin from the aqueous solutions. For this purpose, influence of the operation parameters including initial antibiotic concentration, pH, sulfite to hematite molar ratio and the reaction time on the UV/hematite/sulfite (UHS) performance was evaluated. UV alone, UV/hematite (α-Fe2O3) (UH) and UV/sulfite (US) processes indicated to have little influence on the ciprofloxacin degradation. The simultaneous presence of hematite and sulfite in the reaction environment was significantly improved the degradation efficiency, as UHS process indicated an increase of 89%, 64% and 59% in the removal performance than that of UV alone, UH and US processes, respectively. Under the selected condition (pH of 7.0 and sulfite/hematite molar ratio of 1:3), 94% of ciprofloxacin (CFX) was degraded after 5 min of reaction. In addition, robs (mg L-1 min) value for UHS process was 25.26, 6 and 4.8 times that of UV alone, UH and US processes, respectively. The EEO and TCS values for UV alone, US, UH and UHS processes were (44.21 kWh/m-3 and 2.08 $ m-3), (10.5 kWh/m-3 and 1.1 $ m-3), (4.8 kWh/m-3 and 1.04 $ m-3) and (1.75 kWh/m-3 and 0.85 $ m-3), respectively. In addition, the study of the reaction mechanism showed hydroxyl and sulfate radicals play a vital role in the degradation of CFX by UHS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sheikhmohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Esrafil Asgari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Navid Alinejad
- Department of Public Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Bayram Hashemzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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9
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Akbarzadeh A, Ghomi HR, Rafiee M, Hosseini O, Jahangiri-Rad M. Clindamycin removal from aqueous solution by non-thermal air plasma treatment: performance, degradation pathway and ensuing antimicrobial activity. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:2593-2610. [PMID: 36450675 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study set out to investigate clindamycin (CLN) removal from aqueous solution using non-thermal plasma (NTP) under atmospheric air conditions and to address the effects of some variables including pH, initial concentration of CLN, and working voltage on CLN degradation. The result showed that the NTP system exhibited excellent degradation rate and mineralization efficiency on CLN in 15 min under neutral conditions, which exceeded 90 and 45%, respectively, demonstrating its conversion to other organic by-products. Furthermore, CLN degradation was largely dependent upon the initial pH of solution, applied voltage, and reaction time. Specifically, under acidic conditions (pH = 3), working voltage of 24 kV and after 15 min of reaction, almost 100% of CLN was degraded. NTP-initiated CLN degradation products through LC-MS/MS analysis, determined within 10 min of reaction, inferred that the complex structure of CLN has undergone deterioration by active radical species which subsequently generated small molecular organic compounds. Chemical processes involved in CLN degradation were found to be demethylation, desulfonylation, dechlorination, hydroxylation and deamination. Lastly, antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that the activity of CLN was reduced following NTP treatment, which is also in good agreement with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values obtained from microdilution analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Akbarzadeh
- Water and Wastewater Research Center (WWRC), Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghomi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafiee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Hosseini
- Central Research Laboratories, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Jahangiri-Rad
- Water Purification Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran E-mail:
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10
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Noroozi R, Gholami M, Farzadkia M, Rezaei Kalantary R. Synthesis of new hybrid composite based on TiO 2 for photo-catalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole and pharmaceutical wastewater, optimization, performance, and reaction mechanism studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56403-56418. [PMID: 35334054 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study photo-catalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from aqueous solutions using carbon quantum dot (CQD)-decorated Cu-TiO2 was investigated. The as-prepared photo-catalyst samples were characterized by various FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, BET, and DRS techniques. The investigation of effective photo-catalytic operational parameters confirmed that the complete removal of SMX (20 mg/L) can be accomplished at pH: 6.0 and light intensity: 75 mW/cm2 over a 30-min reaction time. DRS analysis demonstrated adding CQD to the Cu-TiO2 reduced its bandgap energy from 2.97 to 2.90 eV. The photo-catalytic degradation kinetics of SMX fit well with the pseudo-first-order model. The radical trapping experiment indicates that HO• and O2•- active species were more effective species for SMX degradation, and the higher inhibition effect on the SMX degradation efficiency was assigned to O2•- ions. The water matrix species-inhibited effect in SMX removal was as follows: SO42- > Cl- > NO3- > CO3- > no ions. The synthesized photo-catalyst could be recycled after six consecutive cycles of SMX degradation with an insignificant decrease in performance. The total organic carbon (TOC) analysis suggested the mineralization of SMZ by composite photo-catalysts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Escherichia coli remained at 12.5 mg L-1 SMX. A possible mechanism and pathway of SMX degradation in the photo-catalytic system was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Noroozi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Liu H, Li H, Qiu L, Chen B, Wang H, Fang C, Long Y, Hu L. The panorama of antibiotics and the related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in landfill leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 144:19-28. [PMID: 35303504 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is an important source and sink of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which poses a potential threat to human health and ecological environment. Ten antibiotics and 8 ARGs in leachates collected from Zhejiang Province, China, were systematically investigated. The effects of multiple factors were considered: leachate age, season when the leachate was sampled (dry or rainy), heavy metal concentrations, and leachate quality parameters. Leachate age was crucial to the profile of the detectable antibiotics and ARGs. The total concentration of antibiotics were in the order of macrolides > sulfonamides > tetracyclines and they decreased significantly with leachate age. Similarly, fewer ARGs were harbored in aged leachate; the order of abundance of the ARGs was mexF (11.92 ± 0.22 log10 gene copies/L) > sul2 > Intl1 > sul1 > ermB > mefA > tetM > tetQ (9.57 ± 1.32 log10 gene copies/L). The extreme abundances (i.e., the maxima and minima) of ARGs relating to the same class of antibiotic were always surprisingly similar and appeared in leachate of the same age. Seasonal variation greatly affected the concentrations of antibiotics in the leachate-the concentration difference between the dry and rainy seasons could reach two orders of magnitude. Heavy metal concentrations and leachate quality parameters also had important effects on the distribution of antibiotics and ARGs. Overall, the profile of antibiotics and ARGs in leachates was influenced by numerous factors, and the pollution of antibiotics and ARGs may be reduced and controlled by adjusting the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Libo Qiu
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Binhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chengran Fang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, Institution of Industrial Carbon Metrology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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12
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Zhang H, Luo M, Zhou P, Liu Y, Du Y, He C, Yao G, Lai B. Enhanced ferrate(VI)) oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in water by CaO 2: The role of Fe(IV) and Fe(V). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128045. [PMID: 34986573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the enhancing role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a self-decay product of ferrate (Fe(VI)), on Fe(VI) reactivity has received increasing attention. In this study, we found that calcium peroxide (CaO2) as a slow-releasing reagent of H2O2 could also enhance the Fe(VI) performance for removing sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Compared with sole Fe(VI), sole CaO2 and Fe(VI)-H2O2 systems, the Fe(VI)-CaO2 system showed higher reactivity to remove SMX. The radical scavenger and chemical probe test results indicated that the better oxidation performance of Fe(VI)-CaO2 system than Fe(VI) alone was ascribed to the generation of Fe(Ⅳ) and Fe(Ⅴ) rather than •OH. In addition, the performance of Fe(VI)-CaO2 system for degradation of contaminants was also superior to Fe(VI)-Na2SO3, Fe(VI)-NaHSO3 and Fe(VI)-Na2S2O3 systems under the same experimental conditions. Moreover, the effects of critical operating parameters, inorganic anions, inorganic cations, and humic acid on the degradation of SMX by Fe(VI)-CaO2 system were revealed. The Fe(VI)-CaO2 system exhibited good applicability in authentic water. Finally, the underlying degradation intermediates of SMX by Fe(VI)-CaO2 system and their toxicity were confirmed. In conclusion, this study provides a new strategy for enhancing the oxidation capacity of Fe(VI) and comprehensively reveals the oxidation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mengfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chuanshu He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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13
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Xu D, Xie Y, Li J. Toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of sulfamethoxazole on Scenedesmus obliquus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113258. [PMID: 35104774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a pollutant that is widely distributed in the global water environment.This substance has toxic effects on various aquatic organisms. Previous studies on SMX have focused on its acute toxicity towards algae and the changes induced at biological and cellular levels, rather than its biotoxicity and mechanisms at the molecular level. In this study, we investigated the effects of SMX on Scenedesmus obliquus as the model organism by performing transmission electron microscopy and transcriptome sequencing analyses. Exposure to SMX promoted gene expression, resulting in changes to algal cell ultrastructure. The cell walls became blurred, the chloroplast structure was seriously damaged, and the number and volume of mitochondria per cell increased. These changes were related to the inhibition of cell growth, decrease in chlorophyll content, increase in cell membrane permeability, and increased production of reactive oxygen species, which led to increased amounts of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes. Our results suggest that SMX affects gene expression by influencing non-coding RNA metabolic processes, leading to changes in nuclear structures. Abnormally expressed long non-coding RNAs extensively regulate downstream gene expression through various mechanisms, such as chromatin recombination, thereby promoting tumor occurrence, invasion, and metastasis. This abnormal expression may be an important mechanism underlying the carcinogenic effects of SMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Yeting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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14
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Bertagna Silva D, Buttiglieri G, Babić B, Ašperger D, Babić S. Performance of TiO 2/UV-LED-Based Processes for Degradation of Pharmaceuticals: Effect of Matrix Composition and Process Variables. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:295. [PMID: 35055312 PMCID: PMC8780436 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-violet light-emitting diode (UV-LED)-based processes for water treatment have shown the potential to surpass the hurdles that prevent the adoption of photocatalysis at a large scale due to UV-LEDs' unique features and design flexibility. In this work, the degradation of five EU Watch List 2020/1161 pharmaceutical compounds was comprehensively investigated. Initially, the UV-A and UV-C photolytic and photocatalytic degradation of individual compounds and their mixtures were explored. A design of experiments (DoE) approach was used to quantify the effects of numerous variables on the compounds' degradation rate constant, total organic carbon abatement, and toxicity. The reaction mechanisms of UV-A photocatalysis were investigated by adding different radical scavengers to the mix. The influence of the initial pH was tested and a second DoE helped evaluate the impact of matrix constituents on degradation rates during UV-A photocatalysis. The results showed that each compound had widely different responses to each treatment/scenario, meaning that the optimized design will depend on matrix composition, target pollutant reactivity, and required effluent standards. Each situation should be analyzed individually with care. The levels of the electrical energy per order are still unfeasible for practical applications, but LEDs of lower wavelengths (UV-C) are now approaching UV-A performance levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Bertagna Silva
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.B.S.); (B.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Gianluigi Buttiglieri
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C. Emili Grahit, 101, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Bruna Babić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.B.S.); (B.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Danijela Ašperger
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.B.S.); (B.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Sandra Babić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.B.S.); (B.B.); (D.A.)
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15
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Liu S, Fu Y, Wang G, Liu Y. Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV/sulfite in presence of oxygen: Efficiency, influence factors and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Application of TiO2-Based Photocatalysts to Antibiotics Degradation: Cases of Sulfamethoxazole, Trimethoprim and Ciprofloxacin. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensive application of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine has led to their widespread occurrence in a natural aquatic environment. Global health crisis is associated with the fast development of antimicrobial resistance, as more and more infectious diseases cannot be treated more than once. Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin are the most commonly detected antibiotics in water systems worldwide. The persistent and toxic nature of these antibiotics makes their elimination by conventional treatment methods at wastewater treatment plants almost impossible. The application of advanced oxidation processes and heterogeneous photocatalysis over TiO2-based materials is a promising solution. This highly efficient technology has the potential to be sustainable, cost-efficient and energy-efficient. A comprehensive review on the application of various TiO2-based photocatalysts for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin is focused on highlighting their photocatalytic performance under various reaction conditions (different amounts of pollutant and photocatalyst, pH, light source, reaction media, presence of inorganic ions, natural organic matter, oxidants). Mineralization efficiency and ecotoxicity of final products have been also considered. Further research needs have been presented based on the literature findings. Among them, design and development of highly efficient under sunlight, stable, recyclable and cost-effective TiO2-based materials; usage of real wastewaters for photocatalytic tests; and compulsory assessment of products ecotoxicity are the most important research tasks in order to meet requirements for industrial application.
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17
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A review on the development of visible light-responsive WO3-based photocatalysts for environmental applications. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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18
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Kar P, Shukla K, Jain P, Sathiyan G, Gupta RK. Semiconductor based photocatalysts for detoxification of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants from aquatic systems: A critical review. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Xu J, Liu X, Lv Y, Guo X, Lu S. Response of Cyperus involucratus to sulfamethoxazole and ofloxacin-contaminated environments: Growth physiology, transportation, and microbial community. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111332. [PMID: 32980655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant-microbe is a complementary coupling system for antibiotics removing in constructed wetlands (CWs), but how plant and rhizosphere microbiomes respond to antibiotics exposure and the occurrence of ARGs in this microenvironment have seldom been researched. Thus, the response of the plant-microbe coupling system to different levels of antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and ofloxacin (OFL)) was investigated. The results showed that two antibiotic stressors have hormetic effects on plant growth, physiology, and microbial community evolution, and the antibiotic toxic effects presented as SMZ + OFL > SMZ > OFL. Antibiotic accumulation in the plants was in the order of roots > stems > leaves. Notably, the root attachments affected antibiotic transportation. The accumulation of antibiotics in the under-ground parts affected the rhizosphere microbial community structure, and the microorganisms were more sensitive to SMZ + OFL than the plants, with inflection points of 0.5 mg L-1 and 1 mg L-1, respectively. Pseudomonas was highly resistant to antibiotics, while Acidovorax and Devosia may play a role in antibiotic degradation. Correlation analysis and network analysis showed that antibiotic enrichment and the bacterial community contributed significantly to the abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), further revealing the co-occurrence of int1, ARGs, and the potential bacterial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Lv
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xiaochun Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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20
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Jahdi M, Mishra SB, Nxumalo EN, Mhlanga SD, Mishra AK. Mechanistic pathways for the degradation of SMX drug and floatation of degraded products using F-Pt co-doped TiO 2 photocatalysts. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27662-27675. [PMID: 35516913 PMCID: PMC9055604 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents smart pathways to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 via co-doping with fluorine (F) and platinum (Pt) to form F-Pt co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts and investigates the unique and unusual fluorination of the floated products. Our investigations indicate that the crystalline structure of the photocatalysts was a mixture of anatase and brookite phases and that the nanoparticles of the synthesized nanocomposites had nanometric sizes (4-25 nm). The F-Pt co-doped TiO2 nano-photocatalysts demonstrated degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) drug of >93% within 90 min under direct solar light and 58% degradation within 360 min under a solar simulator. Thus, co-doping TiO2 with F and Pt atoms to form F-Pt co-doped TiO2 nanocomposite is an efficient pathway to achieve high photocatalytic performance escorted with the formation of floating metal-fluoropolymer, unlike pristine TiO2 which has less photocatalytic degradation and no generation of a floating polymer. Our photocatalytic protocol demonstrates that the degradation of SMX started with redox reactions of oxygen and water absorbed on the surface of the prepared nanocomposites to form superoxide anions (O2˙-) and hydroxy radicals (˙OH) which have oxidation superpower. The resultant products were subsequently fluorinated by fluoride radical ions and floated as metal-fluoropolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Jahdi
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa Johannesburg Florida 1709 South Africa +2711 670 9199
| | - Shivani B Mishra
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa Johannesburg Florida 1709 South Africa +2711 670 9199
| | - Edward N Nxumalo
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa Johannesburg Florida 1709 South Africa +2711 670 9199
| | - Sabelo D Mhlanga
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Mineral Technology (MINTEK) Private Bag X3015 Randburg 2125 South Africa
| | - Ajay K Mishra
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa Johannesburg Florida 1709 South Africa +2711 670 9199
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21
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Hasani K, Peyghami A, Moharrami A, Vosoughi M, Dargahi A. The efficacy of sono-electro-Fenton process for removal of Cefixime antibiotic from aqueous solutions by response surface methodology (RSM) and evaluation of toxicity of effluent by microorganisms. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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22
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Liu Y, Feng M, Wang B, Zhao X, Guo R, Bu Y, Zhang S, Chen J. Distribution and potential risk assessment of antibiotic pollution in the main drinking water sources of Nanjing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:21429-21441. [PMID: 32274694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The distribution character of 41 antibiotics belonging to 6 groups, sulfonamides (SAs), quinolones (QUs), tetracyclines (TCs), macrolides (MLs), penicillins (PLs), and chloramphenicol (CHL), was investigated in drinking water sources of Nanjing during 2017-2019. MLs (42.98%) were the most abundant category, followed by SAs (25.94%) and QUs (22.52%). The dominant antibiotic was ofloxacin (OFX) in Dec. 2017 (average concentration, 3.14 ng/L; range, ND-35.20 ng/L) and Nov. 2018 (2.16 ng/L, ND-12.26 ng/L), and sulfadiazine (SDZ) in Mar. 2019 (16.37 ng/L, ND-25.90 ng/L). For Dec. 2017, the total concentrations in Zhongshan Waterworks (S15) and Jinniushan Reservoir (S16) were significantly higher than the other sampling sites, which may be attributed to point source pollution. The ecological and human risk of the main antibiotics was assessed by risk quotients (RQs) and target hazard quotient (THQ), respectively. Most of the RQ values were below 0.1, except enrofloxacin (ERX, 0.11) and enoxacin (ENX, 0.62) in Dec. 2017, lomefloxacin (LOM, 0.14) in Nov. 2018, and LOM (0.28) and ERX (0.10) in Mar. 2019. This indicated that the risk of the target antibiotics to aquatic organisms in the 3 years was moderate or low level. Meanwhile, results of the THQ values showed that antibiotic exposure caused no risk to human health. This research provides scientific information for antibiotic pollution control and enriches environmental monitoring data in the drinking water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Mengjuan Feng
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuanqing Bu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Shenghu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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23
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Mourid EH, El Mouchtari EM, El Mersly L, Benaziz L, Rafqah S, Lakraimi M. Development of a new recyclable nanocomoposite LDH-TiO2 for the degradation of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole under UVA radiation: An approach towards sunlight. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Kråkström M, Saeid S, Tolvanen P, Salmi T, Eklund P, Kronberg L. Catalytic ozonation of the antibiotic sulfadiazine: Reaction kinetics and transformation mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125853. [PMID: 31931316 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, ozone has been used to study the transformation of the antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ). SDZ and its transformation products was investigated using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and using NMR. The results revealed that 6% of SDZ is transformed into 2-aminopyrimidine. A significant amount of SDZ undergoes a rearrangement reaction followed by ring-closing reactions. One of these products, SDZ-P15, is the main product after 240 min of ozonation. Almost 30% of SDZ transforms into SDZ-P15. SDZ was also transformed via the addition of one or more hydroxyl groups, via the oxidation of an amine group to a nitro group as well as via a bond cleavage reaction. Most of the intermediate products presented in this study have not previously been reported as SDZ transformation products formed using ozonation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Kråkström
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Soudabeh Saeid
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Pasi Tolvanen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrik Eklund
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Leif Kronberg
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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25
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Cao Y, Fang Y, Lei X, Tan B, Hu X, Liu B, Chen Q. Fabrication of novel CuFe 2O 4/MXene hierarchical heterostructures for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfonamides under visible light. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:122021. [PMID: 31927254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of sulfonamides, causing serious pollution of water bodies, has drawn great attention from society. To address these problems, a novel CuFe2O4/MXene (CFO/Ti3C2) heterojunction photocatalyst was used to photodegrade the antibiotic sulfamethazine (SMZ, a typical pollutant) under visible light, and the synergy and coupling function of the two components in the heterojunction system were analyzed. With the aid of time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and transient surface photovoltage (TPV) spectra, the carrier lifetimes and kinetic behaviors were studied, revealing that the lifetime of photoinduced carriers was prolonged by loading Ti3C2, inhibiting the reorganization of photogenerated electron holes. More importantly, the organic intermediates and mineralization degree were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and total organic carbon (TOC) techniques. The results show that the breaking of SN bonds, the oxidation of aniline and deamination were dominated by the attack of •OH. This work shows a new model for the degradation mechanism of SMZ over CFO/MXene heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yu Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xianyu Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bihui Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xia Hu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Baojun Liu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard of Ministry of Land and Resources, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qianlin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Photodegradation performance and transformation mechanisms of sulfamethoxazole by porous g-C3N4 modified with ammonia bicarbonate. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chollom MN, Rathilal S, Swalaha FM, Bakare BF. Adsorptive removal of veterinary antibiotics from water using an integrated photocatalyst (IPCA). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2020.1723952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha N. Chollom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sudesh Rathilal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Feroz M. Swalaha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Babatunde F Bakare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Chen M, Xu J, Dai R, Wu Z, Liu M, Wang Z. Development of a moving-bed electrochemical membrane bioreactor to enhance removal of low-concentration antibiotic from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122022. [PMID: 31470228 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Removal of low-concentration (ng/L ~ μg/L) antibiotics from water calls for the development of cost-effective treatment technologies. In this study, a novel moving-bed electrochemical membrane bioreactor (MEMBR) was developed for removing sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Results showed that the introduction of external electric field and carbon felt particles could efficiently eliminate SMX (removal efficiency of 88.9%). In contrast, the moving-bed membrane bioreactor (MMBR) took a long time to acclimate microorganism, reaching a removal efficiency of 43.9%. Transmembrane pressure increase rate was much lower in MEMBR (1.06 kPa/d) compared to MMBR (1.72 kPa/d). The presence of carriers increased the generation of reactive oxygen species, contributing to SMX removal. Microbial community analysis revealed that the introduction of electric field could increase microbial community richness/diversity and enrich the phyla of Actinobacteria and Gemmatimonadete, potentially capable of mineralizing SMX. These results clearly demonstrated the potential of this novel MEMBR to be used for enhanced micropollutants removal from water/wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruobin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhichao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Majumder A, Gupta B, Gupta AK. Pharmaceutically active compounds in aqueous environment: A status, toxicity and insights of remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108542. [PMID: 31387068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have pernicious effects on all kinds of life forms because of their toxicological effects and are found profoundly in various wastewater treatment plant influents, hospital effluents, and surface waters. The concentrations of different pharmaceuticals were found in alarmingly high concentrations in various parts of the globe, and it was also observed that the concentration of PhACs present in the water could be eventually related to the socio-economic conditions and climate of the region. Drinking water equivalent limit for each PhAC has been calculated and compared with the occurrence data from various continents. Since these compounds are recalcitrant towards conventional treatment methods, while advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have shown better efficiency in degrading these PhACs. The performance of the AOPs have been evaluated based on percentage removal, time, and electrical energy consumed to degrade different classes of PhACs. Ozone based AOPs were found to be favorable because of their low treatment time, low cost, and high efficiency. However, complete degradation cannot be achieved by these processes, and various transformation products are formed, which may be more toxic than the parent compounds. The various transformation products formed from various PhACs during treatment have been highlighted. Significant stress has been given on the role of various process parameters, water matrix, oxidizing radicals, and the mechanism of degradation. Presence of organic compounds, nitrate, and phosphate usually hinders the degradation process, while chlorine and sulfate showed a positive effect. The role of individual oxidizing radicals, interfering ions, and pH demonstrated dissimilar effects on different groups of PhACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhradeep Majumder
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Bramha Gupta
- School of Water Resources, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Gupta
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Zhu G, Sun Q, Wang C, Yang Z, Xue Q. Removal of Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfathiazole and Sulfamethazine in their Mixed Solution by UV/H 2O 2 Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101797. [PMID: 31117187 PMCID: PMC6572640 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), sulfathiazole (STZ) and sulfamethazine (SMT) are typical sulfonamides, which are widespread in aqueous environments and have aroused great concern in recent years. In this study, the photochemical oxidation of SMZ, STZ and SMT in their mixed solution using UV/H2O2 process was innovatively investigated. The result showed that the sulfonamides could be completely decomposed in the UV/H2O2 system, and each contaminant in the co-existence system fitted the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The removal of sulfonamides was influenced by the initial concentration of the mixed solution, the intensity of UV light irradiation, the dosage of H2O2 and the initial pH of the solution. The increase of UV light intensity and H2O2 dosage substantially enhanced the decomposition efficiency, while a higher initial concentration of mixed solution heavily suppressed the decomposition rate. The decomposition of SMZ and SMT during the UV/H2O2 process was favorable under neutral and acidic conditions. Moreover, the generated intermediates of SMZ, STZ and SMT during the UV/H2O2 process were identified in depth, and a corresponding degradation pathway was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcan Zhu
- School of Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- School of Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chuya Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhonglian Yang
- School of Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Xue
- School of Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
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Asha RC, Yadav MSP, Kumar M. Sulfamethoxazole removal in membrane-photocatalytic reactor system - experimentation and modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1697-1704. [PMID: 29336216 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1428227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the efficacy of membrane-photocatalytic reactor (MPR) in sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal was explored at a fixed initial SMX concentration, i.e. 100 mg/L. A supported catalyst, i.e. TiO2 on granular activated carbon (GAC-TiO2), was used for MPR experiments. The SMX removal efficiency of the MPR was investigated under a range of hydraulic retention time (i.e. HRT from 51 to 152.5 min) and TiO2 catalyst dosage (55-50 mg/L). A maximum SMX removal efficiency of 83.6% was observed under 220 mg/L catalyst dosage and 80 min HRT. The increase in catalyst dosage from 55 to 550 mg/L has increased the transmembrane pressure of the reactor from 9.8 to 22.2 kPa. A multiple non-linear regression model was developed based on the experimental data and its significance was analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Based on the model, the optimal HRT and catalyst dosage for complete SMX removal (100%) were found out. The comparison of photocatalytic degradation experiments with sorption experiments conducted earlier revealed that SMX removal in the MPR was mainly by photocatalytic degradation and not by adsorption onto GAC-TiO2 catalyst. However, the performance of MPR in removing other emerging pollutants from real-time wastewaters could be explored before its field-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju C Asha
- a Department of Civil Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Calicut , Kerala , India
| | - M S Priyanka Yadav
- a Department of Civil Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Calicut , Kerala , India
| | - Mathava Kumar
- b Department of Civil Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai , India
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Paragas LKB, de Luna MDG, Doong RA. Rapid removal of sulfamethoxazole from simulated water matrix by visible-light responsive iodine and potassium co-doped graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:1099-1107. [PMID: 30208535 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An environment-friendly iodine and potassium co-doped g-C3N4 (IKC3N4) photocatalyst was synthesized via the co-pyrolysis of urea and potassium iodate. Various characterization techniques were employed to evaluate the physical, thermal and chemical characteristics of the as-synthesized photocatalyst. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was used as a representative antibiotic pollutant. SMX removal by IK-C3N4 photocatalysts exceeded 99% (∼23 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4) within 45 min of visible light irradiation. The kinetics of SMX removal was analyzed with respect to solution pH, photocatalyst dosage and initial SMX concentration. Experimental data was found to fit the pseudo-first order kinetics and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics. The reuse of the photocatalyst up to 3 consecutive photodegradation cycles gave a minimal decline in SMX removal while the structure and the crystallinity of the nanomaterials remained unchanged. Overall, morphology engineering of conventional bulk graphitic carbon nitride can produce highly efficient photocatalysts for the decontamination of antibiotics in the aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larah Kriselle B Paragas
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Mark Daniel G de Luna
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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Mirzaei A, Yerushalmi L, Chen Z, Haghighat F. Photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by hierarchical magnetic ZnO@g-C 3N 4: RSM optimization, kinetic study, reaction pathway and toxicity evaluation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 359:516-526. [PMID: 30086522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by a synthesized hierarchical magnetic zinc oxide based composite ZnO@g-C3N4 (FZG) was examined. Hierarchical FZG was synthesized by using Fe3O4 nanoparticle as the magnetic core and urea as the precursor for in situ growth of g-C3N4 on the surface of petal-like ZnO. The effect of catalyst dosage (0.4-0.8 g/L), solution pH (3-11) and airflow rate (0.5-2.5 L/min) on the SMX removal efficiency and the optimization of process was studied by response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The obtained RSM model with R2 = 0.9896 showed a satisfactory correlation between the predicted values and experimental results of SMX removal. Under the optimum conditions, i.e. 0.65 g/L photocatalyst concentration, pH = 5.6 and airflow rate = 1.89 L/min, 90.4% SMX removal was achieved after 60 min reaction. The first-order kinetic rate constant for SMX removal by using FZG was 0.0384 min-1 while the rate constant by commercial ZnO was 0.0165 min-1. Moreover, under the optimum conditions, about 64% COD removal and 45% TOC removal and a considerable reduction in toxicity were observed. The analysis of generated intermediates during the photocatalytic degradation of SMX was conducted by LC-HR-MS/MS method and a degradation pathway was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mirzaei
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laleh Yerushalmi
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Fariborz Haghighat
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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Wang WL, Wu QY, Huang N, Xu ZB, Lee MY, Hu HY. Potential risks from UV/H 2O 2 oxidation and UV photocatalysis: A review of toxic, assimilable, and sensory-unpleasant transformation products. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 141:109-125. [PMID: 29783164 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UV based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) that efficiently eliminate organic pollutants during water treatment have been the subject of numerous investigations. Most organic pollutants are not completely mineralized during UV-AOPs but are partially oxidized into transformation products (TPs), thereby adding complexity to the treated water and posing risks to humans, ecological systems, and the environment. While the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of pollutants have been widely documented, there is little information about the risks associated with TPs. In this review, we have collated recent knowledge about the harmful TPs that are generated in UV/H2O2 and UV photocatalysis, two UV-AOPs that have been studied extensively. Toxic and assimilable TPs were ubiquitously observed in more than 80% of UV-AOPs of organic pollutants, of which the toxicity and assimilability levels changed with variations in the reaction conditions, such as the UV fluence and oxidant dosage. Previous studies and modeling assessments showed that toxic and assimilable TPs may be generated during hydroxylation, dealkylation, decarboxylation, and deamination. Among various reactions, TPs generated from dealkylation and decarboxylation were generally less and more toxic than the parent pollutants, respectively; TPs generated from decarboxylation and deamination were generally less and more assimilable than the parent pollutants, respectively. There is also potential concern about the sensory-unpleasant TPs generated by oxidations and subsequent metabolism of microorganisms. In this overview, we stress the need to include both the concentrations of organic pollutants and the evaluations of the risks from TPs for the quality assessments of the water treated by UV-AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Nan Huang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zi-Bin Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Min-Yong Lee
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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Zanella R, Avella E, Ramírez-Zamora RM, Castillón-Barraza F, Durán-Álvarez JC. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by deposition of Au, Ag and Cu metallic nanoparticles on TiO 2. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:2353-2364. [PMID: 28697649 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1354926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mono- (Au, Ag and Cu) and bi-metallic (Au-Ag and Au-Cu) nanoparticles were deposited on TiO2 and tested for the photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole using either UV-C or simulated sunlight. The optimal loading of metallic nanoparticles was determined as 1.5 wt% for Au and Ag, and 1.0 wt% for Cu. In the case of bi-metallic nanoparticles, only the ratio 1:0.5 wt% for both Au-Ag and Au-Cu was tested. In experiments using UV-C light, the highest degradation performance was found for Ag/TiO2, while bi-metallic nanoparticles supported on TiO2 also showed increased photocatalytic activity compared with unmodified TiO2. In simulated sunlight irradiation tests, Au/TiO2 showed to be the most efficient material. Complete mineralization of sulfamethoxazole was achieved when surface-modified materials were tested in both UV-C and simulated sunlight experiments. Photolysis was efficient to fully degrade sulfamethoxazole, although mineralization was lower than 10% for both luminic sources. The main by-products of sulfamethoxazole were determined in photolysis and photocatalysis tests using UV-C light, and degradation paths were proposed. By-products showed non-toxicity and low antibiotic activity. Reuse of the catalysts upon three reaction cycles did not result in the loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Zanella
- a Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico , Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacan , Mexico
| | - Edwin Avella
- a Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico , Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacan , Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Castillón-Barraza
- c Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ensenada , México
| | - Juan C Durán-Álvarez
- a Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico , Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacan , Mexico
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37
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Li Y, Rashid A, Wang H, Hu A, Lin L, Yu CP, Chen M, Sun Q. Contribution of biotic and abiotic factors in the natural attenuation of sulfamethoxazole: A path analysis approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1217-1226. [PMID: 29758874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a sulfonamide antibiotic, widely used as curative and preventive drug for human, animal, and aquaculture bacterial infections. Its residues have been ubiquitously detected in the surface waters and sediments. In the present study, SMX dissipation and kinetics was studied in the natural water samples from Jiulong River under simulated complex natural conditions as well as conditions to mimic various biotic and abiotic environmental conditions in isolation. Structural equation modeling (SEM) by employing partial least square technique in path coefficient analysis was used to investigate the direct and indirect contributions of different environmental factors in the natural attenuation of SMX. The model explained 81% of the variability in natural attenuation as a dependent variable under the influence of sole effects of direct photo-degradation, indirect photo-degradation, hydrolysis, microbial degradation and bacterial degradation. The results of SEM suggested that the direct and indirect photo-degradation were the major pathways in the SMX natural attenuation. However, other biotic and abiotic factors also play a mediatory role during the natural attenuation and other processes. Furthermore, the potential transformation products of SMX were identified and their toxicity was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Azhar Rashid
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Hongjie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Lifeng Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Meng Chen
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
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Liu X, Lu S, Guo W, Xi B, Wang W. Antibiotics in the aquatic environments: A review of lakes, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:1195-1208. [PMID: 30857084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential threat of antibiotics to the environment and human health has raised significant concerns in recent years. The consumption and production of antibiotics in China are the highest in the world due to its rapid economic development and huge population, possibly resulting in the high detection frequencies and concentrations of antibiotics in aquatic environments of China. As a water resource, lakes in China play an important role in sustainable economic and social development. Understanding the current state of antibiotics in lakes in China is important. Closed and semi-closed lakes provide an ideal medium for the accumulation of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This review summarizes the current levels of antibiotic exposure in relevant environmental compartments in lakes. The ecological and health risks of antibiotics are also evaluated. This review concludes that 39 antibiotics have been detected in the aquatic environments of lakes in China. The levels of antibiotic contamination in lakes in China is relatively high on the global scale. Antibiotic contamination is higher in sediment than water and aquatic organisms. Quinolone antibiotics (QNs) pose the greatest risks. The contents of antibiotics in aquatic organisms are far lower than their maximum residual limits (MRLs), with the exception of the organisms in Honghu Lake. The lakes experience high levels of ARG contamination. A greater assessment of ARG presence and antibiotic exposure are urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 1002206, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250358, China
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Mirzaei A, Yerushalmi L, Chen Z, Haghighat F, Guo J. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by zinc oxide photocatalyst in the presence of fluoride ions: Optimization of parameters and toxicological evaluation. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:241-251. [PMID: 29331911 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antibiotics in water bodies has received increasing attention since they are continuously introduced and detected in the environment and may cause unpredictable environmental hazards and risks. The photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by ZnO in the presence of fluoride ions (F-ZnO) was evaluated. The effects of operating parameters on the efficiency of SMX removal were investigated by using response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimum condition, i.e. photocatalyst dosage = 1.48 g/L, pH 4.7, airflow rate = 2.5 L/min and the concentration of fluoride ions = 2.505 mM, about 97% SMX removal was achieved by F-ZnO after 30 min of reaction. The mechanism of reactions, COD removal efficiency and reaction kinetics were also investigated under optimum operating conditions. In addition, about 85% COD reduction was obtained after 90 min photocatalytic reaction. The pseudo-first-order kinetics rate constants for the photodegradation of SMX were found to be 0.099, 0.058 and 0.048 min-1 by F-ZnO, ZnO and TiO2 (P25), respectively. The figure-of-merit electrical energy per order (EEO) was used for estimating the electrical energy efficiency, which was shown to be considerably lower than the energy consumption for the reported research on removal of SMX by photocatalytic degradation under UV irradiation. Toxicity assays were conducted by measuring the inhibition percentage (PI) towards E. coli bacteria strain and by agar well diffusion method. The results showed that after 30 min of reaction, the toxicity of the treated solutions by all photocatalysts fell within the non-toxic range; however, the reduction in toxicity by F-ZnO was faster than those by ZnO and P25. Despite the positive effects of surface fluorination of ZnO on the SMX and COD removal and reaction kinetics, its lower stability compared to ZnO and P25 in the repeated experiments gave rise to some doubts about its performance from a practical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mirzaei
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laleh Yerushalmi
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Fariborz Haghighat
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Tianjin Chengjian University, 26 Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
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Białk-Bielińska A, Matzke M, Caban M, Stolte S, Kumirska J, Stepnowski P. Effects of five sulphonamides on duckweed (Lemna minor) after prolonged exposure time and their dependency on photoradiation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:952-960. [PMID: 29079087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulphonamides (SAs) are one of the most commonly used veterinary drugs and therefore their residues are regularly found in the environment. So far scientific attention has mostly been paid to the evaluation of their acute ecotoxicological effects with data on long-term effects for non-target organisms still largely missing. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the potential toxicities of five sulphonamides to duckweed (Lemna minor) after prolonged exposure time (14days). To elucidate whether their phytotoxic effects result from potential photodegradation products, the toxicity of standard solutions of selected sulphonamides was also investigated in a standard 7-day test but after irradiation (by keeping them under the test conditions) for the selected time (after 7 and 14days). The ecotoxicological tests were accompanied by chemical analyses to be able to link the observed effects to the concentrations and nature of the exposed compounds. The results showed a shift in the toxicity of SAs: a strong decrease in toxicity for the two most toxic sulphonamides (sulphamethoxazole and sulphadimethoxine) and a slight increase in toxicity for three other SAs (sulphadimidine, sulphathiazole, sulphamerazine) in the prolonged test. However, a decrease in the toxicity and concentration of all the SAs was observed when stock solutions were irradiated prior to the toxicity experiment, which suggests that the observed effects towards L. minor of five SAs in the prolonged test cannot be directly associated with the degradation of these compounds under the test conditions but with their different mode of toxic action towards these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Białk-Bielińska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; UFT - Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Marianne Matzke
- NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Caban
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Stefan Stolte
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; UFT - Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jolanta Kumirska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Synthesis of anatase/brookite TiO2–Bi2WO6 multiheterojunction and its photocatalytic properties under visible-light irradiation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Du J, Guo W, Li X, Li Q, Wang B, Huang Y, Ren N. Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by a heterogeneous Fenton-like system with microscale zero-valent iron: Kinetics, effect factors, and pathways. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Białk-Bielińska A, Caban M, Pieczyńska A, Stepnowski P, Stolte S. Mixture toxicity of six sulfonamides and their two transformation products to green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus and duckweed Lemna minor. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:542-550. [PMID: 28135683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Since humans and ecosystems are continually exposed to a very complex and permanently changing mixture of chemicals, there is increasing concern in the general public about the potential adverse effects they may cause. Among all "emerging pollutants", pharmaceuticals in particular have raised great environmental concern. For these reasons the aim of our study was to evaluate the mixture toxicity of six antimicrobial sulfonamides (SAs) and their two most commonly identified degradation products - sulfanilic acid (SNA) and sulfanilamide (SN) - to limnic green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus and duckweed Lemna minor. The ecotoxicological data for the single toxicity of SNA and SN towards selected organisms are presented. The concept of Concentration Addition (CA) was applied to estimate the effects, and less than additive effects were observed. In general terms, it seems sufficiently precautionary for the aquatic environment to consider the toxicity of a sulfonamide mixture as additive. The Concentration Addition model proves to be a reasonable worst-case estimation. Such a comparative study on the mixture toxicity of sulfonamides and their transformation products has been presented for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Białk-Bielińska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; UFT - Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Magda Caban
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pieczyńska
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Stefan Stolte
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; UFT - Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
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Souza BM, Marinho BA, Moreira FC, Dezotti MWC, Boaventura RAR, Vilar VJP. Photo-Fenton oxidation of 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole: a by-product from biological breakdown of some pharmaceutical compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6195-6204. [PMID: 26555882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the removal of 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole (AMI), a recalcitrant by-product resulting from the biological breakdown of some pharmaceuticals, applying a solar photo-Fenton process assisted by ferrioxalate complexes (SPFF) (Fe3+/H2O2/oxalic acid/UVA-Vis) and classical solar photo-Fenton process (SPF) (Fe2+/H2O2/UVA-Vis). The oxidation ability of SPFF was evaluated at different iron/oxalate molar ratios (1:3, 1:6, and 1:9, with [total iron] = 3.58 × 10-2 mM and [oxalic acid] = 1.07 × 10-1, 2.14 × 10-1 and 3.22 × 10-1 mM, respectively) and pH values (3.5-6.5), using low iron contents (2.0 mg Fe3+ L-1). Additionally, the use of other organic ligands such as citrate and ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) was tested. The oxidation power of the classical SPF was assessed at different pH values (2.8-4.0) using 2.0 mg Fe2+ per liter. Furthermore, the effect of AMI concentration (2-20 mg L-1), presence of inorganic ions (Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, HCO3-, NH4+), and radical scavengers (sodium azide and D-mannitol) on the SPF method at pH 3.5 was also assessed. Experiments were done using a lab-scale photoreactor with a compound parabolic collector (CPC) under simulated solar radiation. A pilot-scale assay was conducted using the best operation conditions. While at near neutral pH, an iron/oxalate molar ratio of 1:9 led to the removal of 72 % of AMI after 90 min of SPFF, at pH 3.5, an iron/oxalate molar ratio of 1:3 was enough to achieve complete AMI degradation (below the detection limit) after 30 min of reaction. The SPF process at pH 3.5 underwent a slower AMI degradation, reaching total AMI degradation after 40 min of reaction. The scale up of SPF process showed a good reproducibility. Oxalic and oxamic acids were identified as the main low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids detected during the pilot-scale SPF reaction. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M Souza
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Chemical Engineering Program-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Belisa A Marinho
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca C Moreira
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Márcia W C Dezotti
- Chemical Engineering Program-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor J P Vilar
- LSRE-Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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Cai Q, Hu J. Decomposition of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim by continuous UVA/LED/TiO 2 photocatalysis: Decomposition pathways, residual antibacterial activity and toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 323:527-536. [PMID: 27324695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, continuous LED/UVA/TiO2 photocatalytic decomposition of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) was investigated. More than 90% of SMX and TMP were removed within 20min by the continuous photoreactor (with the initial concentration of 400ppb for each). The removal rates of SMX and TMP decreased with higher initial antibiotics loadings. SMX was much easier decomposed in acidic condition, while pH affected little on TMP's decomposition. 0.003% was found to be the optimum H2O2 dosage to enhance SMX photocatalytic decomposition. Decomposition pathways of SMX and TMP were proposed based on the intermediates identified by using LC-MS-MS and GC-MS. Aniline was identified as a new intermediate generated during SMX photocatalytic decomposition. Antibacterial activity study with a reference Escherichia coli strain was also conducted during the photocatalytic process. Results indicated that with every portion of TMP removed, the residual antibacterial activity decreased by one portion. However, the synergistic effect between SMX and TMP tended to slow down the antibacterial activity removal of SMX and TMP mixture. Chronic toxicity studies conducted with Vibrio fischeri exhibited 13-20% bioluminescence inhibition during the decomposition of 1ppm SMX and 1ppm TMP, no acute toxicity to V. fischeri was observed during the photocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqing Cai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Cresent, 119260, Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Cresent, 119260, Singapore.
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Lu N, Yeh YP, Wang GB, Feng TY, Shih YH, Chen D. Dye-sensitized TiO 2-catalyzed photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole under blue or yellow light. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:489-499. [PMID: 27730507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Visible light-induced photocatalysis is potentially advantageous and could be an efficient approach to degrade contaminants because it can be used to selectively target specific wavelength for decomposition of organic contaminants in water and wastewater. This study demonstrates the photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using [Pt(3,3'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bpy)(1,2-benzenedithiolate)] (Complex 1)-sensitized and [Pt(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bpy)(1,2-benzenedithiolate)] (Complex 2)-sensitized titanium dioxide (TiO2) under blue or yellow light (420 or 580 nm, respectively) irradiation in water. The Complex 1-sensitized TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation of SMX reached almost 100 % removal under 420 nm irradiation for 3 h in water. In addition, the formation of hydroxyl radicals can be facilitated by bubbling O2 during the photodegradation in which an effective decomposition of SMX was observed. Based on HPLC and UV-Vis studies of the decomposed products, it was found that SMX underwent cleavage of aromatic rings during the photodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Lu
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Peng Yeh
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Bo Wang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yao Feng
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, 2101 E Coliseum Blvd, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA.
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Hanamoto S, Hasegawa E, Nakada N, Yamashita N, Tanaka H. Modeling the fate of a photoproduct of ketoprofen in urban rivers receiving wastewater treatment plant effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 573:810-816. [PMID: 27592468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoproducts of pharmaceuticals have been studied in order not to overlook their potential risks to aquatic organisms. However, no studies have verified an equation for predicting the fate of photoproducts in aquatic environment (Poiger equation) by field measurements, leaving uncertainties in its practical utility. Therefore, we conducted this study to test the applicability of the Poiger equation to 3-ethylbenzophenone (EBP), a photoproduct of ketoprofen (KTP). Photolysis experiments determined the fraction of KTP transformed into EBP as 0.744±0.074 and the quantum yield of EBP degradation as 0.000418±0.000090. Field studies in urban rivers and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) revealed that EBP was produced by sunlight, mainly in the rivers, but also appreciably in outdoor primary and secondary clarifiers in the WWTPs. We developed a model in the secondary clarifiers, disinfection tanks, and rivers by incorporating the Poiger equation, which was effective at predicting the concentrations of EBP in the river waters and wastewaters. Thus, our first trial of verification by field measurements enhanced the practical utility of the Poiger equation, though further study including several photoproducts should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Hanamoto
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
| | - Eisuke Hasegawa
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Norihide Nakada
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamashita
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
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Rodríguez-Nava O, Ramírez-Saad H, Loera O, González I. Evaluation of the simultaneous removal of recalcitrant drugs (bezafibrate, gemfibrozil, indomethacin and sulfamethoxazole) and biodegradable organic matter from synthetic wastewater by electro-oxidation coupled with a biological system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2964-2974. [PMID: 27043245 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1172669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical degradation in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) represents a challenge since municipal wastewater and hospital effluents contain pharmaceuticals in low concentrations (recalcitrant and persistent in WWTP) and biodegradable organic matter (BOM) is the main pollutant. This work shows the feasibility of coupling electro-oxidation with a biological system for the simultaneous removal of recalcitrant drugs (bezafibrate, gemfibrozil, indomethacin and sulfamethoxazole (BGIS)) and BOM from wastewater. High removal efficiencies were attained without affecting the performance of activated sludge. BGIS degradation was performed by advanced electrochemical oxidation and the activated sludge process for BOM degradation in a continuous reactor. The selected electrochemical parameters from microelectrolysis tests (1.2 L s(-1) and 1.56 mA cm(-2)) were maintained to operate a filter press laboratory reactor FM01-LC using boron-doped diamond as the anode. The low current density was chosen in order to remove drugs without decreasing BOM and chlorine concentration control, so as to avoid bulking formation in the biological process. The wastewater previously treated by FM01-LC was fed directly (without chemical modification) to the activated sludge reactor to remove 100% of BGIS and 83% of BOM; conversely, the BGIS contained in wastewater without electrochemical pre-treatment were persistent in the biological process and promoted bulking formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odín Rodríguez-Nava
- a Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Gustavo A. Madero , México
- b Departamento de Biotecnología , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa , Iztapalapa , México
| | - Hugo Ramírez-Saad
- c Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Xochimilco , Coyoacán , México
| | - Octavio Loera
- b Departamento de Biotecnología , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa , Iztapalapa , México
| | - Ignacio González
- d Departamento de Química , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa , Iztapalapa , México
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Vasquez MI, Tarapoulouzi M, Lambrianides N, Hapeshi E, Felekkis K, Saile M, Sticht C, Gretz N, Fatta-Kassinos D. Assessing the potential of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products to cause mutagenic effects: Implications for gene expression profiling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:2753-2764. [PMID: 27043355 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The selection and prioritization of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products for evaluating effects on the environment and human health is a challenging task. One common approach is based on compounds (e.g., mixture composition, concentrations), and another on biology (e.g., relevant endpoint, biological organizational level). Both of these approaches often resemble a Lernaean Hydra-they can create more questions than answers. The present study embraces this complexity, providing an integrated approach toward assessing the potential effects of transformation products of pharmaceuticals by means of mutagenicity, estrogenicity, and differences in the gene expression profiles. Mutagenicity using the tk kinase assay was applied to assess a list of 11 priority pharmaceuticals, namely, atenolol, azithromycin, carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, erythromycin, metoprolol, ofloxacin, propranolol, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim. The most mutagenic compounds were found to be β-blockers. In parallel, the photolabile pharmaceuticals were assessed for their mixture effects on mutagenicity (tk assay), estrogenicity (T47D- KBluc assay), and gene expression (microarrays). Interestingly, the mixtures were mutagenic at the µg/L level, indicating a synergistic effect. None of the photolysed mixtures were statistically significantly estrogenic. Gene expression profiling revealed effects related mainly to certain pathways, those of the p53 gene, mitogen-activated protein kinase, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and translation-related (spliceosome). Fourteen phototransformation products are proposed based on the m/z values found through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The transformation routes of the photolysed mixtures indicate a strong similarity with those obtained for each pharmaceutical separately. This finding reinforces the view that transformation products are to be expected in naturally occurring mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2753-2764. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen I Vasquez
- Nireas-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Tarapoulouzi
- Nireas-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nancy Lambrianides
- Nireas-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Evroula Hapeshi
- Nireas-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyriakos Felekkis
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Saile
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Despo Fatta-Kassinos
- Nireas-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Kim JR, Kan E. Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole in water using a biochar-supported TiO2 photocatalyst. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 180:94-101. [PMID: 27213862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports an effective heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in water using a biochar-supported TiO2 (biochar/TiO2). The biochar was used as a low cost and effective support for TiO2 to lower the recombination rate of electrons and electron holes during photocatalysis, allow efficient attachment of TiO2, increase adsorption capacity and help easy separation of the photocatalyst after use. The biochar/TiO2 showed much higher adsorption of SMX than the commercial TiO2 powder due to the hydrophobic interaction between the biochar and SMX. Particularly this study focused on the effects of water quality and operating conditions on the photocatalytic oxidation of SMX. The addition of low concentration of bicarbonate made drastic enhancement in SMX removal and mineralization while the final effluent showed high biotoxicity. On the contrary, the presence of nitrate exhibited slight enhancement in SMX removal efficiency. The photocatalyst loading and UV irradiation time also played their important roles in enhancement of SMX removal and mineralization. In overall the photocatalytic oxidation of SMX using the biochar/TiO2 at the selected catalyst loading and irradiation time (5 g biochar-supported TiO2 L(-1), 6 h) resulted in the high removal and mineralization of SMX and negligible toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun R Kim
- Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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