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Jing X, Zhou G, Zhu A, Jin C, Li M, Ding K. RG-I pectin-like polysaccharide from Rosa chinensis inhibits inflammation and fibrosis associated to HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122139. [PMID: 38710550 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A novel RG-I pectin-like polysaccharide, YJ3A1, was purified from the flowers of Rosa chinensis and its structure and hepatoprotective effect in vivo and in vitro were investigated. The backbone of this polysaccharide is mainly composed of 1, 4-galactan, 1, 4-linked α-GalpA and 1, 2-linked α-Rhap disaccharide repeating unit attached by 1, 6-linked β-Galp or 1, 5-linked α-Araf on C-4 of the Rhap. Interestingly, oral administration of YJ3A1 significantly ameliorates NASH-associated inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis and does not affect the liver morphology of normal mice at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The mechanism study suggests that the biological activity may associate to inactivating of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)/TLR4/NF-κB and Akt signaling pathways by restraining the expression and release of HMGB1, thereby impeding the effect of NASH. The current findings outline a novel leading polysaccharide for new drug candidate development against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Jing
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Guangqin Zhou
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Anming Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, PR China
| | - Can Jin
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, PR China
| | - Meixia Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Kan Ding
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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2
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Chen C, Tang D, Xu S, Xiang L, Wang B, Yao Y, Li Z, Lin S, Li S, Shi X, Gu C, Gao W. The promotion of non-small cell lung cancer progression by collagen and calcium binding EGF domain 1 is mediated through the regulation of ERK/JNK/P38 phosphorylation by reactive oxygen species. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1467-1485. [PMID: 38726928 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic by-products of cells, and abnormal changes in their levels are often associated with tumor development. Our aim was to determine the role of collagen and calcium binding EGF domain 1 (CCBE1) in oxidative stress and tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). We investigated the tumorigenic potential of CCBE1 in NSCLC using in vitro and in vivo models of CCBE1 overexpression and knockdown. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that the expression of CCBE1 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. Cell counting Kit 8, clonal formation, wound healing, and transwell experiments showed that CCBE1 gene knockdown significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, and proliferation of NSCLC cell lines. In terms of mechanism, the silencing of CCBE1 can significantly promote the morphological abnormalities of mitochondria, significantly increase the intracellular ROS level, and promote cell apoptosis. This change of oxidative stress can affect cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating the phosphorylation level of ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK. Specifically, the downregulation of CCBE1 inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK/P38 and promotes the phosphorylation of JNK in NSCLC, and this regulation can be reversed by the antioxidant NAC. In vivo experiments confirmed that downregulating CCBE1 gene could inhibit the growth of NSCLC in BALB/c nude mice. Taken together, our results confirm the tumorigenic role of CCBE1 in promoting tumor invasion and migration in NSCLC, and reveal the molecular mechanism by which CCBE1 regulates oxidative stress and the ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongfang Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangwei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujie Xiang
- Nursing Department of Xinhong Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanshan Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyun Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saitian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Gu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Akl MG, Li L, Widenmaier SB. Protective Effects of Hepatocyte Stress Defenders, Nrf1 and Nrf2, against MASLD Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8046. [PMID: 39125617 PMCID: PMC11312428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatites liver disease (MASLD) to steatohepatitis (MASH) is driven by stress-inducing lipids that promote liver inflammation and fibrosis, and MASH can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Previously, we showed coordinated defenses regulated by transcription factors, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-1 (Nrf1) and -2 (Nrf2), protect against hepatic lipid stress. Here, we investigated protective effects of hepatocyte Nrf1 and Nrf2 against MASH-linked liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Male and female mice with flox alleles for genes encoding Nrf1 (Nfe2l1), Nrf2 (Nfe2l2), or both were fed a MASH-inducing diet enriched with high fat, fructose, and cholesterol (HFFC) or a control diet for 24-52 weeks. During this period, hepatocyte Nrf1, Nrf2, or combined deficiency for ~7 days, ~7 weeks, and ~35 weeks was induced by administering mice hepatocyte-targeting adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing Cre recombinase. The effects on MASH, markers of liver fibrosis and proliferation, and liver tumorigenesis were compared to control mice receiving AAV-expressing green fluorescent protein. Also, to assess the impact of Nrf1 and Nrf2 induction on liver fibrosis, HFFC diet-fed C57bl/6J mice received weekly injections of carbon tetrachloride, and from week 16 to 24, mice were treated with the Nrf2-activating drug bardoxolone, hepatocyte overexpression of human NRF1 (hNRF1), or both, and these groups were compared to control. Compared to the control diet, 24-week feeding with the HFFC diet increased bodyweight as well as liver weight, steatosis, and inflammation. It also increased hepatocyte proliferation and a marker of liver damage, p62. Hepatocyte Nrf1 and combined deficiency increased liver steatosis in control diet-fed but not HFFC diet-fed mice, and increased liver inflammation under both diet conditions. Hepatocyte Nrf1 deficiency also increased hepatocyte proliferation, whereas combined deficiency did not, and this also occurred for p62 level in control diet-fed conditions. In 52-week HFFC diet-fed mice, 35 weeks of hepatocyte Nrf1 deficiency, but not combined deficiency, resulted in more liver tumors in male mice, but not in female mice. In contrast, hepatocyte Nrf2 deficiency had no effect on any of these parameters. However, in the 15-week CCL4-exposed and 24-week HFFC diet-fed mice, Nrf2 induction with bardoxolone reduced liver steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation. Induction of hepatic Nrf1 activity with hNRF1 enhanced the effect of bardoxolone on steatosis and may have stimulated liver progenitor cells. Physiologic Nrf1 delays MASLD progression, Nrf2 induction alleviates MASH, and combined enhancement synergistically protects against steatosis and may facilitate liver repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Scott B. Widenmaier
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (M.G.A.)
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Wang J, Fang Y, Luo Z, Wang J, Zhao Y. Emerging mRNA Technology for Liver Disease Therapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17378-17406. [PMID: 38916747 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Liver diseases have consistently posed substantial challenges to global health. It is crucial to find innovative methods to effectively prevent and treat these diseases. In recent times, there has been an increasing interest in the use of mRNA formulations that accumulate in liver tissue for the treatment of hepatic diseases. In this review, we start by providing a detailed introduction to the mRNA technology. Afterward, we highlight types of liver diseases, discussing their causes, risks, and common therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we summarize the latest advancements in mRNA technology for the treatment of liver diseases. This includes systems based on hepatocyte growth factor, hepatitis B virus antibody, left-right determination factor 1, human hepatocyte nuclear factor α, interleukin-12, methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase, etc. Lastly, we provide an outlook on the potential of mRNA technology for the treatment of liver diseases, while also highlighting the various technical challenges that need to be addressed. Despite these difficulties, mRNA-based therapeutic strategies may change traditional treatment methods, bringing hope to patients with liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yile Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Li Z, Mo RL, Gong JF, Han L, Wang WF, Huang DK, Xu JG, Sun YJ, Chen S, Han GC, Sun DQ. Dihydrotanshinone I inhibits gallbladder cancer growth by targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and Nrf2 phosphorylation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155661. [PMID: 38677269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) poses a significant risk to human health. Its development is influenced by numerous factors, particularly the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells. This homeostasis is crucial for tumor cell survival, and abnormal regulation of ROS is associated with the occurrence and progression of many cancers. Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT I), a biologically effective ingredient isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has exhibited cytotoxic properties against various tumor cells by inducing apoptosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which dht I exerts its cytotoxic effects remain unclear. PURPOSE To explore the anti-tumor impact of dht I on GBC and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS The proliferation of GBC cells, NOZ and SGC-996, was assessed using various assays, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and EdU staining. We also examined cell apoptosis, cell cycle progression, ROS levels, and alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential to delve into the intricate molecular mechanism. Quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting were performed to evaluate target gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. The correlation between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were examined using co-immunoprecipitation. Finally, the in vivo effect of dht I was investigated using a xenograft model of gallbladder cancer in mice. RESULTS Our research findings indicated that dht I exerted cytotoxic effects on GBC cells, including inhibiting proliferation, disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential, inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our in vivo studies substantiated the inhibition of dht I on tumor growth in xenograft nude mice. Mechanistically, dht I primarily targeted Nrf2 by promoting Keap1 mediated Nrf2 degradation and inhibiting protein kinase C (PKC) induced Nrf2 phosphorylation. This leads to the suppression of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and reduction of its target gene expression. Moreover, Nrf2 overexpression effectively counteracted the anti-tumor effects of dht I, while Nrf2 knockdown significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of dht I on GBC. Meanwhile, PKC inhibitors and nuclear import inhibitors increased the sensitivity of GBC cells to dht I treatment. Conversely, Nrf2 activators, proteasome inhibitors, antioxidants and PKC activators all antagonized dht I induced apoptosis and ROS generation in NOZ and SGC-996 cells. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that dht I inhibited the growth of GBC cells by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and Nrf2 phosphorylation. These insights provide a strong rationale for further investigation of dht I as a potential therapeutic agent for GBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China; Research Technology Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Rong-Liang Mo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun-Feng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Wen-Fei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Da-Ke Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jie-Gou Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan-Jun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Research Technology Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Gen-Cheng Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Deng-Qun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital, Hefei 230041, China.
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Xu Y, Zhang Y, Tian H, Zhong Q, Yi K, Li F, Xue T, Wang H, Lao YH, Xu Y, Li Y, Long L, Li K, Tao Y, Li M. Smart Microneedle Arrays Integrating Cell-Free Therapy and Nanocatalysis to Treat Liver Fibrosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309940. [PMID: 38874114 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a chronic pathological condition lacking specific clinical treatments. Stem cells, with notable potential in regenerative medicine, offer promise in treating liver fibrosis. However, stem cell therapy is hindered by potential immunological rejection, carcinogenesis risk, efficacy variation, and high cost. Stem cell secretome-based cell-free therapy offers potential solutions to address these challenges, but it is limited by low delivery efficiency and rapid clearance. Herein, an innovative approach for in situ implantation of smart microneedle (MN) arrays enabling precisely controlled delivery of multiple therapeutic agents directly into fibrotic liver tissues is developed. By integrating cell-free and platinum-based nanocatalytic combination therapy, the MN arrays can deactivate hepatic stellate cells. Moreover, they promote excessive extracellular matrix degradation by more than 75%, approaching normal levels. Additionally, the smart MN arrays can provide hepatocyte protection while reducing inflammation levels by ≈70-90%. They can also exhibit remarkable capability in scavenging almost 100% of reactive oxygen species and alleviating hypoxia. Ultimately, this treatment strategy can effectively restrain fibrosis progression. The comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments, supplemented by proteome and transcriptome analyses, substantiate the effectiveness of the approach in treating liver fibrosis, holding immense promise for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanteng Xu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qingguo Zhong
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fenfang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tiantian Xue
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Yingying Xu
- Center for Health Research, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinxiong Li
- Center for Health Research, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ling Long
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Kai Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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Cai J, Zhu Z, Li Y, Li Q, Tian T, Meng Q, Wang T, Ma Y, Wu J. Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Polysaccharide alleviates cholestatic liver injury through gut microbiota modulation and Nrf2 signaling pathway activation in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118009. [PMID: 38447617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, cholestasis belongs to category of jaundice. Artemisia capillaris Thunb. has been widely used for the treatment of jaundice in TCM. The polysaccharides are the one of main active components of the herb, but its effects on cholestasis remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. polysaccharide (APS) on cholestasis and liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The amelioration of APS on cholestasis was evaluated in an alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced mice model. Then nuclear Nrf2 knockout mice, mass spectrometry, 16s rDNA sequencing, metabolomics, and molecular biotechnology methods were used to elucidate the associated mechanisms of APS against cholestatic liver injury. RESULTS Treatment with low and high doses of APS markedly decreased cholestatic liver injury of mice. Mechanistically, APS promoted nuclear translocation of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), upregulated downstream bile acid (BA) efflux transporters and detoxifying enzymes expression, improved BA homeostasis, and attenuated oxidative liver injury; however, these effects were annulled in Nrf2 knock-out mice. Furthermore, APS ameliorated the microbiota dysbiosis of cholestatic mice and selectively increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria growth. Fecal microbiota transplantation of APS also promoted hepatic Nrf2 activation, increased BA efflux transporters and detoxifying enzymes expression, ameliorated intrahepatic BA accumulation and cholestatic liver injury. Non-targeted metabolomics and in vitro microbiota culture confirmed that APS significantly increased the production of a microbiota-derived SCFA (butyric acid), which is also able to upregulate Nrf2 expression. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that APS can ameliorate cholestasis by modulating gut microbiota and activating the Nrf2 pathway, representing a novel therapeutic approach for cholestatic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenyun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tianming Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yueming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Liao W, Li Y, Liu J, Mou Y, Zhao M, Liu J, Zhang T, Sun Q, Tang J, Wang Z. Homotherapy for heteropathy: therapeutic effect of Butein in NLRP3-driven diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:315. [PMID: 38849890 PMCID: PMC11158000 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant inflammatory responses drive the initiation and progression of various diseases, and hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome is a key pathogenetic mechanism. Pharmacological inhibitors of NLRP3 represent a potential therapy for treating these diseases but are not yet clinically available. The natural product butein has excellent anti-inflammatory activity, but its potential mechanisms remain to be investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of butein to block NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the ameliorative effects of butein on NLRP3-driven diseases. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed bone-marrow-derived macrophages were pretreated with butein and various inflammasome stimuli. Intracellular potassium levels, ASC oligomerization and reactive oxygen species production were also detected to evaluate the regulatory mechanisms of butein. Moreover, mouse models of LPS-induced peritonitis, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, and high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis were used to test whether butein has protective effects on these NLRP3-driven diseases. RESULTS Butein blocks NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse macrophages by inhibiting ASC oligomerization, suppressing reactive oxygen species production, and upregulating the expression of the antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Importantly, in vivo experiments demonstrated that butein administration has a significant protective effect on the mouse models of LPS-induced peritonitis, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, and high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. CONCLUSION Our study illustrates the connotation of homotherapy for heteropathy, i.e., the application of butein to broaden therapeutic approaches and treat multiple inflammatory diseases driven by NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Juan Liu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Tianxin Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
| | - Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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9
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Deja S, Fletcher JA, Kim CW, Kucejova B, Fu X, Mizerska M, Villegas M, Pudelko-Malik N, Browder N, Inigo-Vollmer M, Menezes CJ, Mishra P, Berglund ED, Browning JD, Thyfault JP, Young JD, Horton JD, Burgess SC. Hepatic malonyl-CoA synthesis restrains gluconeogenesis by suppressing fat oxidation, pyruvate carboxylation, and amino acid availability. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1088-1104.e12. [PMID: 38447582 PMCID: PMC11081827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) promotes prandial liver metabolism by producing malonyl-CoA, a substrate for de novo lipogenesis and an inhibitor of CPT-1-mediated fat oxidation. We report that inhibition of ACC also produces unexpected secondary effects on metabolism. Liver-specific double ACC1/2 knockout (LDKO) or pharmacologic inhibition of ACC increased anaplerosis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, and gluconeogenesis by activating hepatic CPT-1 and pyruvate carboxylase flux in the fed state. Fasting should have marginalized the role of ACC, but LDKO mice maintained elevated TCA cycle intermediates and preserved glycemia during fasting. These effects were accompanied by a compensatory induction of proteolysis and increased amino acid supply for gluconeogenesis, which was offset by increased protein synthesis during feeding. Such adaptations may be related to Nrf2 activity, which was induced by ACC inhibition and correlated with fasting amino acids. The findings reveal unexpected roles for malonyl-CoA synthesis in liver and provide insight into the broader effects of pharmacologic ACC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislaw Deja
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Justin A Fletcher
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Chai-Wan Kim
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Blanka Kucejova
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Xiaorong Fu
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Monika Mizerska
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Morgan Villegas
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Natalia Pudelko-Malik
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nicholas Browder
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Melissa Inigo-Vollmer
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Cameron J Menezes
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Eric D Berglund
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Browning
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA
| | - John P Thyfault
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, Internal Medicine and KU Diabetes Institute, Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jamey D Young
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jay D Horton
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA.
| | - Shawn C Burgess
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA.
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10
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Huang W, Wu D, Cai C, Yao H, Tian Z, Yang Y, Pang M, Rong L, Liu B. Inhibition of MST1 ameliorates neuronal apoptosis via GSK3β/β-TrCP/NRF2 pathway in spinal cord injury accompanied by diabetes. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103104. [PMID: 38430683 PMCID: PMC10914584 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disease that often results in tremendous loss of motor function. Increasing evidence demonstrates that diabetes worsens outcomes for patients with SCI due to the higher levels of neuronal oxidative stress. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST1) is a key mediator of oxidative stress in the central nervous system; however, the mechanism of its action in SCI is still not clear. Here, we investigated the role of MST1 activation in induced neuronal oxidative stress in patients with both SCI and diabetes. METHODS Diabetes was established in mice by diet induction combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). SCI was performed at T10 level through weight dropping. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were applied to mimic diabetic conditions in PC12 cell line in vitro. We employed HE, Nissl staining, footprint assessment and Basso mouse scale to evaluate functional recovery after SCI. Moreover, immunoblotting, qPCR, immunofluorescence and protein-protein docking analysis were used to detect the mechanism. RESULTS Regarding in vivo experiments, diabetes resulted in up-regulation of MST1, excessive neuronal apoptosis and weakened motor function in SCI mice. Furthermore, diabetes impeded NRF2-mediated antioxidant defense of neurons in the damaged spinal cord. Treatment with AAV-siMST1 could restore antioxidant properties of neurons to facilitate reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, which subsequently promoted neuronal survival to improve locomotor function recovery. In vitro model found that AGEs worsened mitochondrial dysfunction and increased cellular oxidative stress. While MST1 inhibition through the chemical inhibitor XMU-MP-1 or MST1-shRNA infection restored NRF2 nuclear accumulation and its transcription of downstream antioxidant enzymes, therefore preventing ROS generation. However, these antioxidant effects were reversed by NRF2 knockdown. Our in-depth studies showed that over-activation of MST1 in diabetes directly hindered the neuroprotective AKT1, and subsequently fostered NRF2 ubiquitination and degradation via the GSK3β/β-TrCP pathway. CONCLUSION MST1 inhibition significantly restores neurological function in SCI mice with preexisting diabetes, which is largely attributed to the activation of antioxidant properties via the GSK3β(Ser 9)/β-TrCP/NRF2 pathway. MST1 may be a promising pharmacological target for the effective treatment of spinal cord injury patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Depeng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Cai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenming Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mao Pang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China.
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11
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Xu W, Mo W, Han D, Dai W, Xu X, Li J, Xu X. Hepatocyte-derived exosomes deliver the lncRNA CYTOR to hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18234. [PMID: 38520214 PMCID: PMC10960169 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation and transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by various injury factors. The degree of liver fibrosis can be significantly improved, but persistent injury factors present a significant therapeutic challenge. Hepatocytes are the most important parenchymal cell type in the liver. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms by which damaged liver cells activate HSCs through extracellular vesicles. We established a coculture model of LO2 and LX2 and validated its exosomal transmission activity. Subsequently, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened through RNA sequencing and their mechanisms of action as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) further confirmed using biological methods, such as FISH and luciferase assays. Damaged liver cells induced activation of LX2 and upregulation of liver fibrosis-related markers. Exosomes extracted and identified from the supernatant fraction contained differentially expressed lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) that competed with microRNA-125 (miR-125) for binding to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in HSCs, in turn, promoting LX2 activation. MiR-125 could target and regulate both CYTOR and GDNF and vice versa, as verified using the luciferase assay. In an in vivo model, damaged liver extracellular vesicles induced the formation of liver fibrosis. Notably, downregulation of CYTOR within extracellular vesicles effectively inhibited liver fibrosis. The lncRNA CYTOR in exosomes of damaged liver cells is upregulated and modulates the expression of downstream GDNF through activity as a ceRNA, providing an effective mechanism for activation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Wenhui Mo
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Dengyu Han
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaorong Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xuanfu Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyShidong Hospital of Shanghai, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
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12
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Li J, Zhang Y, Ma X, Liu R, Xu C, He Q, Dong M. Identification and validation of cuproptosis-related genes for diagnosis and therapy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04957-7. [PMID: 38512536 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a more serious public health issue worldwide. This study strived to investigate the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of NAFLD and explore promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for NAFLD. Raw data from GSE130970 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We used the dataset to analyze the expression levels of cuproptosis-related genes in NAFLD patients and healthy controls to identify the differentially expressed cuproptosis-related genes (DECRGs). The relationship and potential mechanism between DECRGs and clinicopathological factors were examined by enrichment analysis and two consensus clustering methods. We screened key DECRGs based on Random Forest (RF), and then verified the key DECRGs in NAFLD patients, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, and palmitic acid-induced AML12 cells. ROC analysis showed good diagnostic function of DECRGs in normal and NAFLD liver tissue. Two consensus clusters indicated the important role of cuproptosis in the development of NAFLD. We screened for key DECRGs (DLD, DLAT) based on RF and found a close relationship between the DECRGs and clinicopathological factors. We collected clinical blood samples to verify the differences in gene expression levels by qPCR. In addition, we further verified the expression levels of DLD and DLAT in HFD mice and AML12 cells, which showed the same results. This study provides a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We identified two cuproptosis-related genes that are closely related to NAFLD. These genes may play a significant role in the molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD, which may be useful to make progress in the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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13
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Liang J, Chen T, Xu H, Wang T, Gong Q, Li T, Liu X, Wang J, Wang Y, Xiong L. Echinacoside Exerts Antihepatic Fibrosis Effects in High-Fat Mice Model by Modulating the ACVR2A-Smad Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300553. [PMID: 38366962 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an increasingly common chronic liver disease in which hepatic fibrosis is the major pathological change. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/mall mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling is the main effector of fibrosis. Although the antifibrotic effect of echinacoside (Ech) on the liver has been indicated previously, the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate both in vivo and in vitro antifibrotic properties of Ech. METHODS AND RESULTS Cell viability and scratch/wound assays show that Ech significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and activation of human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells. In mice with high-fat diet-induced hepatic fibrosis, Ech treatment attenuates the progression of liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis and subsequent functional validation demonstrate that Ech achieves antifibrotic effects by the activin receptor type-2A (ACVR2A)-mediated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway; ultimately, ACVR2A is demonstrated to be an important target for hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting and inducing the expression of ACVR2A in LX-2 cells. CONCLUSION Ech exerts potent antifibrotic effects by inhibiting the ACVR2A-mediated TGF-β1/Smad signaling axis and may serve as an alternative treatment for hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Department of Medicine, Linfen Vocational and Technical College, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, China
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Honglei Xu
- Medical Security Center, The No. 983th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of Chinese PLA, Tianjin, 300142, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qi Gong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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14
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Fan G, Huang L, Wang M, Kuang H, Li Y, Yang X. GPAT3 deficiency attenuates corticosterone-caused hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress through GSK3β/Nrf2 signals. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167007. [PMID: 38185063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.167007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may worsen due to chronic stress or prolonged use of glucocorticoids. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 (GPAT3), has a function in obesity and serves as a key rate-limiting enzyme that regulates triglyceride synthesis. However, the precise impact of GPAT3 on corticosterone (CORT)-induced NAFLD and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. For our in vivo experiments, we utilized male and female mice that were GPAT3-/- and wild type (WT) and treated them with CORT for a duration of 4 weeks. In our in vitro experiments, we transfected AML12 cells with GPAT3 siRNA and subsequently treated them with CORT. Under CORT-treated conditions, the absence of GPAT3 greatly improved obesity and hepatic steatosis while enhancing the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, as evidenced by our findings. In addition, the deletion of GPAT3 significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the expression of antioxidant genes, and recovered the mitochondrial membrane potential in AML12 cells treated with CORT. In terms of mechanism, the absence of GPAT3 encouraged the activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which served as a defense mechanism against liver fat accumulation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, GPAT3 expression was directly controlled at the transcriptional level by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Collectively, our findings suggest that GPAT3 deletion significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress through promoting GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lingling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haoran Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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15
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Yan T, Zhang Y, Lu H, Zhao J, Wen C, Song S, Ai C, Yang J. The protective effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide on alcoholic liver injury in C57BL/6 mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129908. [PMID: 38320642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
An alcohol-induced liver injury model was induced in C57BL/6 mice to assess the protective efficacy of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides (EP) against liver damage. Histological alterations in the liver were examined following hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Biochemical assay kits and ELISA kits were employed to analyze serum and liver biochemical parameters, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes and alcohol metabolism-related enzymes. The presence of oxidative stress-related proteins in the liver was detected using western blotting. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to profile serum metabolites in mice. The findings demonstrated that EP-H (100 mg/Kg) reduced serum ALT and AST activity by 2.31-fold and 2.32-fold, respectively, when compared to the alcohol-induced liver injury group. H&E staining revealed a significant attenuation of microvesicular steatosis and ballooning pathology in the EP-H group compared to the model group. EP administration was found to enhance alcohol metabolism by regulating metabolite-related enzymes (ADH and ALDH) and decreasing CYP2E1 expression. EP also modulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to bolster hepatic antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, EP restored the levels of lipid metabolites (Glycine, Butanoyl-CoA, and Acetyl-CoA) to normalcy. In summary, EP confers protection to the liver through the regulation of antioxidant activity and lipid metabolites in the murine liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hengyu Lu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chengrong Wen
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuang Song
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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16
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Du H, Yu H, Zhou M, Hui Q, Hou Y, Jiang Y. The effect of STAT1, miR-99b, and MAP2K1 in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mouse model and hepatocyte. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4224-4235. [PMID: 38431286 PMCID: PMC10968706 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) serves as the leading cause of chronic liver diseases-related morbidity and mortality, which threatens the life of millions of patients in the world. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ALD progression remain unclear. Here, we applied microarray analysis and experimental approaches to identify miRNAs and related regulatory signaling that associated with ALD. Microarray analysis identified that the expression of miR-99b was elevated in the ALD mouse model. The AML-12 cells were treated with EtOH and the expression of miR-99b was enhanced in the cells. The expression of miR-99b was positively correlated with ALT levels in the ALD mice. The microarray analysis identified the abnormally expressed mRNAs in ALD mice and the overlap analysis was performed with based on the differently expressed mRNAs and the transcriptional factors of miR-99b, in which STAT1 was identified. The elevated expression of STAT1 was validated in ALD mice. Meanwhile, the treatment of EtOH induced the expression of STAT1 in the AML-12 cells. The expression of STAT1 was positively correlated with ALT levels in the ALD mice. The positive correlation of STAT1 and miR-99b expression was identified in bioinformatics analysis and ALD mice. The expression of miR-99b and pri-miR-99b was promoted by the overexpression of STAT1 in AML-12 cells. ChIP analysis confirmed the enrichment of STAT1 on miR-99b promoter in AML-12 cells. Next, we found that the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) was negatively associated with miR-99b. The expression of MAP2K1 was downregulated in ALD mice. Consistently, the expression of MAP2K1 was reduced by the treatment of EtOH in AML-12 cells. The expression of MAP2K1 was negative correlated with ALT levels in the ALD mice. We identified the binding site of MAP2K1 and miR-99b. Meanwhile, the treatment of miR-99b mimic repressed the luciferase activity of MAP2K1 in AML-12 cells. The expression of MAP2K1 was suppressed by miR-99b in the cells. We observed that the expression of MAP2K1 was inhibited by the overexpression of STAT1 in AML-12 cells. Meanwhile, the apoptosis of AML-12 cells was induced by the treatment of EtOH, while miR-99b mimic promoted but the overexpression of MAP2K1 attenuated the effect of EtOH in the cells. In conclusion, we identified the correlation and effect of STAT1, miR-99b, and MAP2K1 in ALD mouse model and hepatocyte. STAT1, miR-99b, and MAP2K1 may serve as potential therapeutic target of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Du
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Meiyue Zhou
- Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Quan Hui
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yixin Hou
- Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yuyong Jiang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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17
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Gaucher J, Montellier E, Vial G, Chuffart F, Guellerin M, Bouyon S, Lemarie E, Yamaryo-Botté Y, Dirani A, Ben Messaoud R, Faure MJ, Ribuot DG, Costentin C, Tamisier R, Botté CY, Khochbin S, Rousseaux S, Pépin JL. Long-term intermittent hypoxia in mice induces inflammatory pathways implicated in sleep apnea and steatohepatitis in humans. iScience 2024; 27:108837. [PMID: 38303705 PMCID: PMC10830848 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) induces intermittent hypoxia (IH), an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). While the molecular links between IH and NAFLD progression are unclear, immune cell-driven inflammation plays a crucial role in NAFLD pathogenesis. Using lean mice exposed to long-term IH and a cohort of lean OSA patients (n = 71), we conducted comprehensive hepatic transcriptomics, lipidomics, and targeted serum proteomics. Significantly, we demonstrated that long-term IH alone can induce NASH molecular signatures found in human steatohepatitis transcriptomic data. Biomarkers (PPARs, NRFs, arachidonic acid, IL16, IL20, IFNB, TNF-α) associated with early hepatic and systemic inflammation were identified. This molecular link between IH, sleep apnea, and steatohepatitis merits further exploration in clinical trials, advocating for integrating sleep apnea diagnosis in liver disease phenotyping. Our unique signatures offer potential diagnostic and treatment response markers, highlighting therapeutic targets in the comorbidity of NAFLD and OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Gaucher
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie Montellier
- Cancers and Biomarkers Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Vial
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Florent Chuffart
- Epigenetics Regulation Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Maëlle Guellerin
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Bouyon
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Emeline Lemarie
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Yoshiki Yamaryo-Botté
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Aya Dirani
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Raoua Ben Messaoud
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Joyeux Faure
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Diane Godin Ribuot
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Charlotte Costentin
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Tamisier
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Cyrille Y. Botté
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Saadi Khochbin
- Epigenetics Regulation Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- Epigenetics Regulation Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pépin
- Hypoxia and Physio-Pathology Laboratory (HP2) INSERM U1300, University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1300, and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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18
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Zhu Y, Hu Z, Liu Y, Yan T, Liu L, Wang Y, Bai B. AChE activity self-breathing control mechanisms regulated by H 2S n and GSH: Persulfidation and glutathionylation on sulfhydryl after disulfide bonds cleavage. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129117. [PMID: 38211930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), or dihydrogen sulfane (H2Sn), acts as a signal molecule through the beneficial mechanism of persulfidation, known as the post-translational transformation of cysteine residues to persulfides. We previously reported that Glutathione (GSH) could regulate enzyme activity through S-desulfurization or glutathionylation of residues to generate protein-SG or protein-SSG, releasing H2S. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which H2Sn and GSH affect the disulfide bonds. In this study, we provide direct evidences that H2Sn and GSH modify the sulfhydryl group on Cys272, which forms disulfide bonds in acetylcholinesterase (AChE), to generate Cys-SSH and Cys-SSG, respectively. Glutathionylation of disulfide is a two-step reaction based on nucleophilic substitution, in which the first CS bond is broken, then the SS bond is broken to release H2S. H2Sn and GSH controlled self-breathing motion in enzyme catalysis by disconnecting specific disulfide bonds and modifying cysteine residues, thereby regulating AChE activity. Here, we elucidated H2Sn and GSH mechanisms on disulfide in the AChE system and proposed a self-breathing control theory induced by H2Sn and GSH. These theoretical findings shed light on the biological functions of H2Sn and GSH on sulfhydryl and disulfide bonds and enrich the theory of enzyme activity regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhaoliang Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Tingcai Yan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bing Bai
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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19
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Wang Y, Zheng J, Long Y, Wu W, Zhu Y. Direct degradation and stabilization of proteins: New horizons in treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115989. [PMID: 38122854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is featured with excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and its global prevalence is soaring. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the severe systemic inflammatory subtype of NAFLD, is tightly associated with metabolic comorbidities, and the hepatocytes manifest severe inflammation and ballooning. Currently the therapeutic options for treating NASH are limited. Potent small molecules specifically intervene with the signaling pathways that promote pathogenesis of NASH. Nevertheless they have obvious adverse effects and show long-term ineffectiveness in clinical trials. It poses the fundamental question to efficiently and safely inhibit the pathogenic processes. Targeted protein degradation (TPD) belongs to the direct degradation strategies and is a burgeoning strategy. It utilizes the small molecules to bind to the target proteins and recruit the endogenous proteasome, lysosome and autophagosome-mediated degradation machineries. They effectively and specifically degrade the target proteins. It has exhibited promising therapeutic effects in treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and other diseases in a catalytic manner at low doses. We critically discuss the principles of multiple direct degradation strategies, especially PROTAC and ATTEC. We extensively analyze their emerging application in degradation of excessive pathogenic proteins and lipid droplets, which promote the progression of NASH. Moreover, we discuss the opposite strategy that utilizes the small molecules to recruit deubiquinases to stabilize the NASH/MASH-suppressing proteins. Their advantages, limitations, as well as the solutions to address the limitations have been analyzed. In summary, the innovative direct degradation strategies provide new insights into design of next-generation therapeutics to combat NASH with optimal safety paradigm and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, PR China.
| | - Jianan Zheng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Yun Long
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Yutong Zhu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
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20
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Kawara RS, Moawed FS, Elsenosi Y, Elmaksoud HA, Ahmed ESA, Abo-Zaid OA. Melissa officinalis extract palliates redox imbalance and inflammation associated with hyperthyroidism-induced liver damage by regulating Nrf-2/ Keap-1 gene expression in γ-irradiated rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38303002 PMCID: PMC10832092 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melissa officinalis (MO) is a well-known medicinal plant species used in the treatment of several diseases; it is widely used as a vegetable, adding flavour to dishes. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MO Extract against hyperthyroidism induced by Eltroxin and γ-radiation. METHODS Hyperthyroidism was induced by injecting rats with Eltroxin (100 µg/kg/ day) for 14 days and exposure to γ-radiation (IR) (5 Gy single dose). The hyperthyroid rats were orally treated with MO extract (75 mg/kg/day) at the beginning of the second week of the Eltroxin injection and continued for another week. The levels of thyroid hormones, liver enzymes and proteins besides the impaired hepatic redox status and antioxidant parameters were measured using commercial kits. The hepatic gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1(Keap-1) in addition to hepatic inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fibrogenic markers such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) were determined. RESULTS MO Extract reversed the effect of Eltroxin + IR on rats and attenuated the thyroid hormones. Moreover, it alleviated hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic damage by inhibiting the hepatic enzymes' activities as well as enhancing the production of proteins concomitant with improving cellular redox homeostasis by attenuating the deranged redox balance and modulating the Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway. Additionally, MO Extract alleviated the inflammatory response by suppressing the TNF- α and MCP-1 and prevented hepatic fibrosis via Nrf2-mediated inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway. CONCLUSION Accordingly, these results might strengthen the hepatoprotective effect of MO Extract in a rat model of hyperthyroidism by regulating the Nrf-2/ Keap-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragaa Sm Kawara
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Fatma Sm Moawed
- Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, 11787, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yakout Elsenosi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Hussein Abd Elmaksoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Esraa S A Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, 11787, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Omayma Ar Abo-Zaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
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21
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You M, Tian M, Song Z, Liu Z, Yang B, Zhang S. Selection of GalNAc-Conjugated si Keap1 as Disease-Specific Delivery System for Chemotherapy-Induced Liver Injury and Chronic Liver Disease. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1096-1105. [PMID: 38251670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced liver injury (CILI) is a pressing concern in cancer patients. One promising approach involves activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to mitigate CILI. However, selectively activating liver Nrf2 without compromising chemotherapy's efficacy has remained elusive. Herein, two RNAi delivery strategies were explored: lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) delivery systems loaded with siRNA designed to silence Kelch-like-ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) by aiming for liver-specific Nrf2 activation. Remarkably, siKeap1-LNP exhibited unintended tumor targeting alongside liver effects, thereby potentially promoting tumor progression. Conversely, siKeap1-GalNAc did not compromise chemotherapy efficacy and outperformed the conventional Nrf2 activator, bardoxolone, in mitigating CILI. This study proposes siKeap1-GalNAc as a promising therapeutic avenue for liver injury. Importantly, our study bridges a crucial gap concerning the delivery system for liver targeting but not tumor targeting and underscores the importance of selecting nucleic acid delivery systems tailored to specific diseases, not just to specific organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng You
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Meng Tian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhiling Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bingxue Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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22
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Yang CJ, Chang HC, Sung PC, Ge MC, Tang HY, Cheng ML, Cheng HT, Chou HH, Lin CY, Lin WR, Lee YS, Hsieh SY. Oral fecal transplantation enriches Lachnospiraceae and butyrate to mitigate acute liver injury. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113591. [PMID: 38153838 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
While fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promise in treating human diseases, oral capsule FMT is more accepted and accessible to patients. However, microbe selection in the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) through oral administration remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that short-term oral fecal gavage (OFG) alleviates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury (AILI) in mice, regardless of the divergent effects of commensal gut microbes. Pasteurized fecal gavage yields similar therapeutic effects. OFG enriches gut Lachnospiraceae and butyrate compared to donor feces. Butyrate mitigates AILI-induced ferroptosis via AMPK-ULK1-p62 signaling to simultaneously induce mitophagy and Nrf2 antioxidant responses. Combined N-acetylcysteine and butyrate administration significantly improves AILI mouse survival rates. These observations indicate the significance of the UGIT in modulating the implanted fecal microbes through oral administration and its potential biological and clinical impacts. Our findings also highlight a possible strategy for applying microbial metabolites to treat acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ju Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chun Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Cheng Sung
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Cheng Ge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Tsai Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan; Devision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan; Grandulate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Hsue Chou
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Wey-Ran Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou 333, Taiwan; Grandulate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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23
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Theys C, Vanderhaeghen T, Van Dijck E, Peleman C, Scheepers A, Ibrahim J, Mateiu L, Timmermans S, Vanden Berghe T, Francque SM, Van Hul W, Libert C, Vanden Berghe W. Loss of PPARα function promotes epigenetic dysregulation of lipid homeostasis driving ferroptosis and pyroptosis lipotoxicity in metabolic dysfunction associated Steatotic liver disease (MASLD). FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2024; 3:1283170. [PMID: 39086681 PMCID: PMC11285560 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1283170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a growing epidemic with an estimated prevalence of 20%-30% in Europe and the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The onset and progression of MASLD are orchestrated by an interplay of the metabolic environment with genetic and epigenetic factors. Emerging evidence suggests altered DNA methylation pattern as a major determinant of MASLD pathogenesis coinciding with progressive DNA hypermethylation and gene silencing of the liver-specific nuclear receptor PPARα, a key regulator of lipid metabolism. To investigate how PPARα loss of function contributes to epigenetic dysregulation in MASLD pathology, we studied DNA methylation changes in liver biopsies of WT and hepatocyte-specific PPARα KO mice, following a 6-week CDAHFD (choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet) or chow diet. Interestingly, genetic loss of PPARα function in hepatocyte-specific KO mice could be phenocopied by a 6-week CDAHFD diet in WT mice which promotes epigenetic silencing of PPARα function via DNA hypermethylation, similar to MASLD pathology. Remarkably, genetic and lipid diet-induced loss of PPARα function triggers compensatory activation of multiple lipid sensing transcription factors and epigenetic writer-eraser-reader proteins, which promotes the epigenetic transition from lipid metabolic stress towards ferroptosis and pyroptosis lipid hepatoxicity pathways associated with advanced MASLD. In conclusion, we show that PPARα function is essential to support lipid homeostasis and to suppress the epigenetic progression of ferroptosis-pyroptosis lipid damage associated pathways towards MASLD fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Theys
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Cedric Peleman
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Pathophysiology Lab, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne Scheepers
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joe Ibrahim
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ligia Mateiu
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Timmermans
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Pathophysiology Lab, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sven M. Francque
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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24
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Bellanti F, Mangieri D, Vendemiale G. Redox Biology and Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:410. [PMID: 38203581 PMCID: PMC10778611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a complex process that develops in chronic liver diseases. Even though the initiation and progression of fibrosis rely on the underlying etiology, mutual mechanisms can be recognized and targeted for therapeutic purposes. Irrespective of the primary cause of liver disease, persistent damage to parenchymal cells triggers the overproduction of reactive species, with the consequent disruption of redox balance. Reactive species are important mediators for the homeostasis of both hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells. Indeed, other than acting as cytotoxic agents, reactive species are able to modulate specific signaling pathways that may be relevant to hepatic fibrogenesis. After a brief introduction to redox biology and the mechanisms of fibrogenesis, this review aims to summarize the current evidence of the involvement of redox-dependent pathways in liver fibrosis and focuses on possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Fan C, Ling-Hu A, Sun D, Gao W, Zhang C, Duan X, Li H, Tian W, Yu Q, Ke Z. Nobiletin Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Deposition, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation by Mechanisms That Involve the Nrf2/NF-κB Axis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20105-20117. [PMID: 38073108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Nobiletin (NOB), a flavonoid with significant antioxidant potential, holds promise for treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this work, we aim to assess the effects and investigate the molecular mechanisms of NOB on NAFLD. After using a methionine choline-deficient diet to induce C57BL/6J mice, as well as oleic acid to induce HepG2 and L02 cells, we administered NOB as an intervention. The results indicated that the NOB significantly ameliorated lipid deposition, oxidative stress, and inflammation in NAFLD in both models. Its mechanism may involve the Nrf2, SREBP-1c, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, Nrf2 is not only a direct target for NOB to improve oxidative damage but also indirectly involved in lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory processes in NAFLD. By inhibiting Nrf2, we found that the regulatory role of Nrf2 in lipid metabolism is not related to SREBP-1c but is closely associated with NF-κB in terms of inflammation. Our results suggest that Nrf2 is one of the most critical targets for NOB against NAFLD in multiple aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Fan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Anli Ling-Hu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Dali Sun
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Weiman Gao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chenfang Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xueqing Duan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Zunli Ke
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Iannone V, Babu AF, Lok J, Gómez-Gallego C, D'Auria G, Vazquez-Uribe R, Vaaben TH, Bongers M, Mikkonen S, Vaittinen M, Tikkanen I, Kettunen M, Klåvus A, Sehgal R, Kaminska D, Pihlajamaki J, Hanhineva K, El-Nezami H, Sommer MOA, Kolehmainen M. Changes in liver metabolic pathways demonstrate efficacy of the combined dietary and microbial therapeutic intervention in MASLD mouse model. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101823. [PMID: 37839774 PMCID: PMC10618820 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the most prevalent liver disease globally, yet no therapies are approved. The effects of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 expressing aldafermin, an engineered analog of the intestinal hormone FGF19, in combination with dietary change were investigated as a potential treatment for MASLD. METHODS MASLD was induced in C57BL/6J male mice by American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome diet and then switched to a standard chow diet for seven weeks. In addition to the dietary change, the intervention group received genetically engineered E. coli Nissle expressing aldafermin, while control groups received either E. coli Nissle vehicle or no treatment. MASLD-related plasma biomarkers were measured using an automated clinical chemistry analyzer. The liver steatosis was assessed by histology and bioimaging analysis using Fiji (ImageJ) software. The effects of the intervention in the liver were also evaluated by RNA sequencing and liquid-chromatography-based non-targeted metabolomics analysis. Pathway enrichment studies were conducted by integrating the differentially expressed genes from the transcriptomics findings with the metabolites from the metabolomics results using Ingenuity pathway analysis. RESULTS After the intervention, E. coli Nissle expressing aldafermin along with dietary changes reduced body weight, liver steatosis, plasma aspartate aminotransferase, and plasma cholesterol levels compared to the two control groups. The integration of transcriptomics with non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed the downregulation of amino acid metabolism and related receptor signaling pathways potentially implicated in the reduction of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Moreover, the downregulation of pathways linked to lipid metabolism and changes in amino acid-related pathways suggested an overall reduction of oxidative stress in the liver. CONCLUSIONS These data support the potential for using engineered microbial therapeutics in combination with dietary changes for managing MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Iannone
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ambrin Farizah Babu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland; Afekta Technologies Ltd., Microkatu 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johnson Lok
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carlos Gómez-Gallego
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Giuseppe D'Auria
- Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region, FISABIO, 46020 Valencia, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Vazquez-Uribe
- Technical University of Denmark, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Troels Holger Vaaben
- Technical University of Denmark, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mareike Bongers
- Technical University of Denmark, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Santtu Mikkonen
- University Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Vaittinen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ida Tikkanen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kettunen
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anton Klåvus
- Afekta Technologies Ltd., Microkatu 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ratika Sehgal
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jussi Pihlajamaki
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland; Afekta Technologies Ltd., Microkatu 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, Food Sciences Unit, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland; University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Area, School of Biological Sciences, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Morten Otto Alexander Sommer
- Technical University of Denmark, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
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Ramos-Tovar E, Muriel P. NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatic diseases: A pharmacological target. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115861. [PMID: 37863329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway is mainly responsible for the activation and release of a cascade of proinflammatory mediators that contribute to the development of hepatic diseases. During alcoholic liver disease development, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the maturation of caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, which induce a robust inflammatory response, leading to fibrosis by inducing profibrogenic hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Substantial evidence demonstrates that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) via NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ultimately leading to fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in NASH can be attributed to several factors, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), gut dysbiosis, leaky gut, which allow triggers such as cardiolipin, cholesterol crystals, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and uric acid to reach the liver. Because inflammation triggers HSC activation, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway performs a central function in fibrogenesis regardless of the etiology. Chronic hepatic activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can ultimately lead to HCC; however, inflammation also plays a role in decreasing tumor growth. Some data indicate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays an important role in autoimmune hepatitis, but the evidence is scarce. Most researchers have reported that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is essential in liver injury induced by a variety of drugs and hepatotropic virus infection; however, few reports indicate that this pathway can play a beneficial role by inducing liver regeneration. Modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome appears to be a suitable strategy to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina-IPN, Apartado Postal 11340, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratorio de Hepatología Experimental, Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav-IPN, Apartado Postal 14-740, Ciudad de México, México.
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28
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Jie P, Wu Y, Song C, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Chen K. Mechanism of Nrf2/miR338-3p/TRAP-1 pathway involved in hyperactivation of synovial fibroblasts in patients with osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21412. [PMID: 37920489 PMCID: PMC10618819 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has confirmed that miR338-3p/TRAP-1 axis was involved in regulation of hyperactivation in human synovial fibroblasts (HFLS) of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we aim to further investigate the underlying causes of the abnormal activation miR338-3p/TRAP-1 at the molecular level. Our results showed that the decrease of NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) was the direct cause of downregulation of miR338-3p and upregulation of TRAP-1 protein expression in HFLS of OA patients. Furthermore, we also found that the phosphorylation and nuclear entry of Nrf2 protein were significantly reduced in HFLS of OA patients than that of normal individuals, and both of them were positively correlated with miR338-3p levels. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, and CHIP experiment together indicated that Nrf2 could positively regulate the transcription of miR338-3p by binding to the Transcription Factor Binding Sites (TFBS) on its promoter. It was confirmed by in vitro assays that oltipraz (agonists of Nrf2) treatment effectively inhibited the hyperactivation of HFLS induced by TGF-β1, and the effects of oltipraz could be reversed by the exogenous TRAP-1. In short, our research has revealed for the first time that Nrf2/miR338-3p/TRAP-1 pathway was involved in hyperactivation of HFLS in OA patients, Nrf2 has the potential to be used as therapy and new drug target of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jie
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Ya Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Changzhi Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (The First people's Hospital of Yancheng), Yancheng 224006, China
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29
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Li S, Zhou X, Chen R, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Chen H. Effect of natural polysaccharides on alcoholic liver disease: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126317. [PMID: 37595705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we systematically collected relevant literature in the past five years on the intervention of natural polysaccharides in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and reviewed the pharmacological activities and potential mechanisms of action. Natural polysaccharides are effective in preventing liver tissue degeneration, inhibiting the alcohol-induced expression of inflammatory factors, inactivation of antioxidant enzymes, and abnormal hepatic lipid deposition. Natural polysaccharides regulate the expression of proteins, such as tight junction proteins, production of small molecule metabolites, and balance of intestinal flora in the intestinal tract to alleviate ALD. Natural polysaccharides also exert therapeutic effects by modulating inflammatory, oxidative, lipid metabolism, and other pathways in the liver. Natural polysaccharides also inhibit alcohol-induced intestinal abnormalities by regulating intestinal flora and feeding back into the liver via the gut-liver axis. However, existing research on natural polysaccharides has many shortcomings: for example, most of the natural polysaccharides for testing are total polysaccharides or crude polysaccharides, progress in research on in vivo metabolic processes and mechanisms is slow, and the degree of industrialisation is insufficient. Finally, we discuss the difficulties in studying natural polysaccharides and future directions to provide a theoretical basis for their development and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Ruhai Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Qiurong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control&Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
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30
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Zhang C, Sui Y, Liu S, Yang M. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. EXPLORATION OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES 2023:246-275. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.37349/edd.2023.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/NASH is a comorbidity of many metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These metabolic diseases are often accompanied by systemic or extrahepatic inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD or NASH. Metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, impact the function, inflammation, and death of hepatocytes, the primary parenchymal cells in the liver tissue. Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts, can differentiate into proliferative hepatocytes in chronic liver injury. In addition, hepatic non-parenchymal cells, including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and innate and adaptive immune cells, are involved in liver inflammation. Proteins such as fibroblast growth factors, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylases, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 are involved in liver metabolism and inflammation, which are potential targets for NASH treatment. This review focuses on the effects of metabolic disease-induced extrahepatic inflammation, liver inflammation, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver metabolism on the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH, as well as the associated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sui
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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31
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Baird L, Taguchi K, Zhang A, Takahashi Y, Suzuki T, Kensler TW, Yamamoto M. A NRF2-induced secretory phenotype activates immune surveillance to remove irreparably damaged cells. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102845. [PMID: 37597423 PMCID: PMC10458321 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is well established that the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway regulates the main inducible cellular response to oxidative stress, this cytoprotective function of NRF2 could become deleterious to the host if it confers survival onto irreparably damaged cells. In this regard, we have found that in diseased states, NRF2 promotes the transcriptional activation of a specific subset of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) gene program, which we have named the NRF2-induced secretory phenotype (NISP). In two models of hepatic disease using Pten::Keap1 and Keap1::Atg7 double knockout mice, we found that the NISP functions in the liver to recruit CCR2 expressing monocytes, which function as immune system effector cells to directly remove the damaged cells. Through activation of this immune surveillance pathway, in non-transformed cells, NRF2 functions as a tumour suppressor to mitigate the long-term survival of damaged cells which otherwise would be detrimental for host survival. This pathway represents the final stage of the oxidative stress response, as it allows cells to be safely removed if the macromolecular damage caused by the original stressor is so extensive that it is beyond the repair capacity of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Baird
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Yushi Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
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32
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To K, Okada K, Watahiki T, Suzuki H, Tsuchiya K, Tokushige K, Yamamoto M, Ariizumi S, Shoda J. Immunohistochemical expression of NRF2 is correlated with the magnitude of inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19423-19437. [PMID: 37732511 PMCID: PMC10587934 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-Kelch-like Ech-associated protein (NRF2-KEAP1) pathway is a major cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress. However, the role of NRF2-KEAP1 signaling in the development of chronic liver disease remains unclear. METHODS Clinical liver specimens from 50 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 49 HCCs developed from chronic viral hepatitis C (CHc), and 48 liver metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) from both tumorous and non-tumorous areas were collected during hepatic resection surgery. They were evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, NRF2, and KEAP1, and compared with clinicopathological information. RESULTS Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were more severe in the low-intensity NRF2 group than in the high-intensity NRF2 group both between CRC and NASH (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.003, fibrosis; p = 0.014), and between CRC and CHc (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.031, fibrosis; p = 0.011), which could indicate that NRF2 expression in cytosol of hepatocytes was inversely correlated with liver inflammation and fibrosis in non-tumorous areas. The dense staining of NRF2 in the nuclei of non-tumor hepatocytes positively correlated with liver inflammation (CRC and NASH; R = 0.451, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.502, p < 0.001) and fibrosis (CRC and NASH; R = 0.566, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.548, p < 0.001) in both NASH and CHc, and was inversely correlated with hepatic spare ability features such as platelet count (R = -0.253, p = 0.002) and prothrombin time (R = -0.206, p = 0.012). However, KEAP1 expression was not correlated with NRF2 expression levels and nuclear staining intensity. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear translocation of NRF2 was correlated with the magnitude of liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. These results suggest that NRF2 plays a protective role in the development of chronic liver diseases such as NASH and CHc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keii To
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Takahisa Watahiki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Katsutoshi Tokushige
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Internal MedicineTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of GastroenterologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Shun‐ichi Ariizumi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of GastroenterologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
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Hammoutene A, Laouirem S, Albuquerque M, Colnot N, Brzustowski A, Valla D, Provost N, Delerive P, Paradis V. A new NRF2 activator for the treatment of human metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100845. [PMID: 37663119 PMCID: PMC10472315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Oxidative stress triggers metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and fibrosis. Previous animal studies demonstrated that the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of antioxidant response, protects against MAFLD and fibrosis. S217879, a next generation NRF2 activator has been recently shown to trigger diet-induced steatohepatitis resolution and to reduce established fibrosis in rodents. Our aim was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of S217879 in human MAFLD and its underlying mechanisms using the relevant experimental 3D model of patient-derived precision cut liver slices (PCLS). Methods We treated PCLS from 12 patients with varying stages of MAFLD with S217879 or elafibranor (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR]α/δ agonist used as a referent molecule) for 2 days. Safety and efficacy profiles, steatosis, liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis were assessed as well as mechanisms involved in MAFLD pathophysiology, namely antioxidant response, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum-stress. Results Neither elafibranor nor S217879 had toxic effects at the tested concentrations on human PCLS with MAFLD. PPARα/δ and NRF2 target genes (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 [PDK4], fibroblast growth factor 21 [FGF21], and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 [NQO1], heme oxygenase 1 [HMOX1], respectively) were strongly upregulated in PCLS in response to elafibranor and S217879, respectively. Compared with untreated PCLS, elafibranor and S217879-treated slices displayed lower triglycerides and reduced inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 [CCL2]). Additional inflammatory markers (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 [CCL5], stimulator of interferon genes [STING], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1]) were downregulated by S217879. S217879 but not elafibranor lowered DNA damage (phospho-Histone H2A.X [p-H2A.X], RAD51, X-ray repair cross complementing 1 [XRCC1]) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3), and inhibited fibrogenesis markers expression (alpha smooth muscle actin [α-SMA], collagen 1 alpha 1 [COL1A1], collagen 1 alpha 2 [COL1A2]). Such effects were mediated through an improvement of lipid metabolism, activated antioxidant response and enhanced autophagy, without effect on endoplasmic reticulum-stress. Conclusions This study highlights the therapeutic potential of a new NRF2 activator for MAFLD using patient-derived PCLS supporting the evaluation of NRF2 activating strategies in clinical trials. Impact and implications Oxidative stress is a major driver of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) development and progression. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, the master regulator of the antioxidative stress response, is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of MAFLD. This study demonstrates that S217879, a new potent and selective nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 activator, displays antisteatotic effects, lowers DNA damage, apoptosis, and inflammation and inhibits fibrogenesis in human PCLS in patients with MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Hammoutene
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Samira Laouirem
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Albuquerque
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Nathalie Colnot
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Angélique Brzustowski
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Valla
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Provost
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Delerive
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - the QUID-NASH Research Group
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
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Cao S, Zhang Y, Bao R, Wang T, Zhu L, Zhang Q. Helicobacter hepaticus promotes liver fibrosis through oxidative stress induced by hydrogenase in BALB/c mice. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e13001. [PMID: 37334992 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been documented that Helicobacter hepaticus produces a nickel-containing hydrogen-oxidizing hydrogenase enzyme, which is necessary for hydrogen-supported amino acid uptake. Although H. hepaticus infection has been shown to promote liver inflammation and fibrosis in BALB/c mice, the impact of hydrogenase on the progression of liver fibrosis induced by H. hepaticus has not been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were inoculated with hydrogenase mutant (ΔHyaB) or wild type (WT) H. hepaticus 3B1 for 12 and 24 weeks. H. hepaticus colonization, hepatic histopathology, serum biochemistry, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress signaling pathways were detected. RESULTS We found that ΔHyaB had no influence on the colonization of H. hepaticus in the liver of mice at 12 and 24 weeks post infection (WPI). However, mice infected by ΔHyaB strains developed significantly alleviated liver inflammation and fibrosis compared with WT infection. Moreover, ΔHyaB infection remarkably increased the expression of hepatic GSH, SOD, and GSH-Px, and decreased the liver levels of MDA, ALT, and AST compared to WT H. hepaticus infected group from 12 to 24 WPI. Furthermore, mRNA levels of Il-6, Tnf-α, iNos, Hmox-1, and α-SMA were significantly decreased with an increase of Nfe2l2 in the liver of mice infected by ΔHyaB strains. In addition, ΔHyaB H. hepaticus restored the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which is inhibited by H. hepaticus infection. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated that H. hepaticus hydrogenase promoted liver inflammation and fibrosis development mediated by oxidative stress in male BALB/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Cao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruoyu Bao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liqi Zhu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Ma Y, Wang Z, Hu Y. Insight into Nrf2: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2000 to 2022. Front Genet 2023; 14:1266680. [PMID: 37779908 PMCID: PMC10540848 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1266680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in governing the antioxidant defense system, triggering the transcription of diverse genes involved in cellular protection. Its role in mitigating oxidative damage and modulating inflammatory processes has made Nrf2 an attractive target for therapeutic interventions. Despite the growing interest in Nrf2 research, a bibliometric analysis is relatively rare. This study aimed to clarify Nrf2's role in multiple diseases, identify emerging trends and hotspots using bibliometric analysis, and provide valuable insights and potential directions for future therapeutic interventions. Methods: The Science Citation Index of Web of Science Core library from 2000 to 2022 was searched on 22 October 2022. Use Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, Bibliometrix, and VOS viewers for data collection and visualization of research focus and trends. Results: A vast collection of 22,040 research studies on Nrf2 published between 2000 and 2022 were identified. Nrf2 research has seen significant growth globally from 2000 to 2022. China leaded in publication numbers (9,623, 43.66%), while the United States dominated in citation frequency with 261,776 citations. China Medical University was the most productive institutions (459, 2.08%). Masayuki Yamamoto topped in publications (307), while Itoh K. ranked first in citations with 3669. Free Radical Biology and Medicine was the journal with the most studies and citations on Nrf2 (613, 29,687 citations). The analysis of keyword clustering enhanced the categorization of topics and can be summarized as oxidative stress, cancer, disorders in glycolipid metabolism, inflammation, and neurological conditions. Conclusion: China and the United States are the pioneers in Nrf2 research. Recently, there has been a comprehensive exploration of Nrf2 involving both experimental and clinical aspects, as well as mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Investigating novel molecular mechanisms, including NF-κB, Ho1, and Keap1, and developing enhanced, targeted Nrf2 activators or inhibitors to uncover the interplay among cancer, glycolipid metabolic disorder, inflammation, and neurological disorders will be upcoming trends and hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongqing Wang
- Department of Information Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuedong Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Gao R, Tang H, Mao J. Programmed Cell Death in Liver Fibrosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3897-3910. [PMID: 37674533 PMCID: PMC10478980 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s427868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a comprehensive term that encompasses various forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. PCD facilitates the elimination of aberrant cells, particularly activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are the primary producers of extracellular matrix (ECM). The removal of HSCs may impede ECM synthesis, thereby mitigating liver fibrosis. As such, PCD has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the development of novel drugs to treat liver fibrosis. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of PCD in the elimination of activated HSCs and other aberrant liver cells in fibrotic liver tissue, including hepatocytes, hepatic sinusoid endothelial cells (LSECs), and Kupffer cells (KCs). The induction of PCD, the interplay between different forms of PCD, and the potential harm or benefit of PCD in liver fibrosis are topics of ongoing research. Evidences suggest that PCD is a complex process with dual effects on liver fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in PCD and liver fibrosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiying Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China
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Shi M, Zhang J, Li M, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Xu J, Liu R, Li Z, Ren D, Liu P. Liquiritigenin Confers Liver Protection by Enhancing NRF2 Signaling through Both Canonical and Non-canonical Signaling Pathways. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11324-11334. [PMID: 37534604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in drug-induced liver injury. In recent years, liquiritigenin (LQ), a natural flavonoid distributed in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan Cao), shows protective effects against oxidative hepatotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we mainly investigated the role of NRF2, a core transcription factor in oxidative stress, in LQ-induced hepatoprotection. Our results indicated that the function of LQ to eliminate reactive oxygen species in liver cells was dependent on NRF2 activation. Both a canonical signaling pathway and a non-canonical signaling pathway are involved in LQ-induced NRF2 activation. LQ induced NRF2 activation in a KEAP1-C151-dependent manner partially. Meanwhile, LQ led to the blockage of autophagic flux and upregulation of p62, which competitively bound with KEAP1 and conferred NRF2 activation in a KEAP1-C151-independent manner. Totally, our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism underlying the hepatoprotection of LQ, providing a new insight into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy of oxidative liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Shi
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Ying Guo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related To Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an 710061, China
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Chen L, Zhou M, Li H, Liu D, Liao P, Zong Y, Zhang C, Zou W, Gao J. Mitochondrial heterogeneity in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:311. [PMID: 37607925 PMCID: PMC10444818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As key organelles involved in cellular metabolism, mitochondria frequently undergo adaptive changes in morphology, components and functions in response to various environmental stresses and cellular demands. Previous studies of mitochondria research have gradually evolved, from focusing on morphological change analysis to systematic multiomics, thereby revealing the mitochondrial variation between cells or within the mitochondrial population within a single cell. The phenomenon of mitochondrial variation features is defined as mitochondrial heterogeneity. Moreover, mitochondrial heterogeneity has been reported to influence a variety of physiological processes, including tissue homeostasis, tissue repair, immunoregulation, and tumor progression. Here, we comprehensively review the mitochondrial heterogeneity in different tissues under pathological states, involving variant features of mitochondrial DNA, RNA, protein and lipid components. Then, the mechanisms that contribute to mitochondrial heterogeneity are also summarized, such as the mutation of the mitochondrial genome and the import of mitochondrial proteins that result in the heterogeneity of mitochondrial DNA and protein components. Additionally, multiple perspectives are investigated to better comprehend the mysteries of mitochondrial heterogeneity between cells. Finally, we summarize the prospective mitochondrial heterogeneity-targeting therapies in terms of alleviating mitochondrial oxidative damage, reducing mitochondrial carbon stress and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis to relieve various pathological conditions. The possibility of recent technological advances in targeted mitochondrial gene editing is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Mengnan Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
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Blas-García A, Apostolova N. Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Liver Fibrosis Based on Targeting Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1567. [PMID: 37627562 PMCID: PMC10451738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) constitutes a growing global health issue, with no effective treatments currently available. Oxidative stress closely interacts with other cellular and molecular processes to trigger stress pathways in different hepatic cells and fuel the development of liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated effects and modulation of major antioxidant responses to counteract oxidative stress-induced damage have emerged as interesting targets to prevent or ameliorate liver injury. Although many preclinical studies have shown that dietary supplements with antioxidant properties can significantly prevent CLD progression in animal models, this strategy has not proved effective to significantly reduce fibrosis when translated into clinical trials. Novel and more specific therapeutic approaches are thus required to alleviate oxidative stress and reduce liver fibrosis. We have reviewed the relevant literature concerning the crucial role of alterations in redox homeostasis in different hepatic cell types during the progression of CLD and discussed current pharmacological approaches to ameliorate fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress focusing on selective modulation of enzymatic oxidant sources, antioxidant systems and ROS-mediated pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Blas-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Yang M, Chen Y, Huang X, Shen F, Meng Y. ETS1 Ameliorates Hyperoxia-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Mice by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Mediated Ferroptosis. Lung 2023; 201:425-441. [PMID: 37490064 PMCID: PMC10444662 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress-associated ferroptosis. This study examined the effect of E26 oncogene homolog 1 (ETS1) on oxidative stress-associated ferroptosis in BPD. METHODS Hyperoxia-induced A549 cells and neonatal mice were used to establish BPD models. The effects of ETS1 on hyperoxia-induced ferroptosis-like changes in A549 cells were investigated by overexpression of ETS1 plasmid transfection and erastin treatment. Glucose consumption, lactate production, and NADPH levels were assessed by the glucose, lactate, and NADP+/NADPH assay kits, respectively. The potential regulatory relationship between ETS1 and Nrf2/HO-1 was examined by treating hyperoxia-induced A549 cells with the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. ETS1 effect on the Nrf2 promoter was explored by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The effect of ETS1 on the symptoms of BPD mice was examined by injecting an adenovirus overexpressing ETS1. RESULTS ETS1 overexpression increased hyperoxia-induced cell viability, glucose consumption, lactate production, and NADPH levels and reduced inflammation and apoptosis in A549 cells. In animal experiments, ETS1 overexpression prevented weight loss, airway enlargement, and reductions in radial alveolar counts in BPD mice, while reducing the mean linear intercept, mean alveolar diameter and inflammation. ETS1 overexpression suppressed PTGS2 and CHAC1 expression, reduced ROS, MDA and ferrous iron (Fe2+) production and increased GSH levels in hyperoxia-induced A549 cells and BPD mice. In addition, ETS1 can bind to the Nrf2 promoter region and thus promote Nrf2 transcription. ETS1 overexpression increased the mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, xCT, and GPX4 in hyperoxia-induced A549 cells and BPD mice. In hyperoxia-induced A549 cells, erastin and ML385 treatment abolished the effect of ETS1 overexpression. CONCLUSION ETS1 is important in oxidative stress-related ferroptosis in a hyperoxia-induced BPD model, and the effect is partially mediated by the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Respiratory Department, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Yanping Chen
- Respiratory Department, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | | | - Fang Shen
- Research Institute of Children, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Yanni Meng
- Respiratory Department, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
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Fan K, Chen K, Zan X, Zhi Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Qiu J, Liu G, Li L, Tang L, Hu K, Wan J, Gong X, Yang Y, Zhang L. Negative regulation of pro-apoptotic AMPK/JNK pathway by itaconate in mice with fulminant liver injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:486. [PMID: 37524706 PMCID: PMC10390640 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that metabolic responses are deeply integrated into signal transduction, which provides novel opportunities for the metabolic control of various disorders. Recent studies suggest that itaconate, a highly concerned bioactive metabolite catalyzed by immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1), is profoundly involved in the regulation of apoptosis, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the apoptosis-modulatory activities of IRG1/itaconate have been investigated in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-Gal)-induced apoptotic liver injury. The results indicated that LPS/D-Gal exposure upregulated the level of IRG1 and itaconate. Deletion of IRG1 resulted in exacerbated hepatocytes apoptosis and liver injury. The phospho-antibody microarray analysis and immunoblot analysis indicated that IRG1 deletion enhanced the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in LPS/D-Gal exposed mice. Mechanistically, IRG1 deficiency impaired the anti-oxidative nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and then enhanced the activation of the redox-sensitive AMPK/JNK pathway that promotes hepatocytes apoptosis. Importantly, post-insult supplementation with 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable derivate of itaconate, resulted in beneficial outcomes in fulminant liver injury. Therefore, IRG1/itaconate might function as a negative regulator that controls AMPK-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in LPS/D-Gal-induced fulminant liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyan Zan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghuan Qiu
- Department of Emergency, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Fuertes-Agudo M, Luque-Tévar M, Cucarella C, Martín-Sanz P, Casado M. Advances in Understanding the Role of NRF2 in Liver Pathophysiology and Its Relationship with Hepatic-Specific Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1491. [PMID: 37627486 PMCID: PMC10451723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiological changes of liver diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that positively regulates the basal and inducible expression of a large battery of cytoprotective genes, thus playing a key role in protecting against oxidative damage. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Its expression has always been associated with the induction of inflammation, but we have shown that, in addition to possessing other benefits, the constitutive expression of COX-2 in hepatocytes is beneficial in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in multiple liver diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of NRF2 as a main agent in the resolution of oxidative stress, the crucial role of NRF2 signaling pathways during the development of chronic liver diseases, and, finally we related its action to that of COX-2, where it appears to operate as its partner in providing a hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fuertes-Agudo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luque-Tévar
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carme Cucarella
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB) “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Schwertheim S, Alhardan M, Manka PP, Sowa JP, Canbay A, Schmidt HHJ, Baba HA, Kälsch J. Higher pNRF2, SOCS3, IRF3, and RIG1 Tissue Protein Expression in NASH Patients versus NAFL Patients: pNRF2 Expression Is Concomitantly Associated with Elevated Fasting Glucose Levels. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1152. [PMID: 37511764 PMCID: PMC10381647 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) embraces simple steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to advanced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. NAFLD patients often have metabolic syndrome and high risks of cardiovascular and liver-related mortality. Our aim was to clarify which proteins play a role in the progression of NAFL to NASH. The study investigates paraffin-embedded samples of 22 NAFL and 33 NASH patients. To detect potential candidates, samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the proteins involved in innate immune regulation, autophagy, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense: IRF3, RIG-1, SOCS3, pSTAT3, STX17, SGLT2, Ki67, M30, Caspase 3, and pNRF2. The expression of pNRF2 immunopositive nuclei and SOCS3 cytoplasmic staining were higher in NASH than in NAFL (p = 0.001); pNRF2 was associated with elevated fasting glucose levels. SOCS3 immunopositivity correlated positively with RIG1 (r = 0.765; p = 0.001). Further, in NASH bile ducts showed stronger IRF3 immunostaining than in NAFL (p = 0.002); immunopositive RIG1 tissue was higher in NASH than in NAFL (p = 0.01). Our results indicate that pNRF2, SOCS3, IRF3, and RIG1 are involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. We suggest that they may be suitable for further studies to assess their potential as therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Schwertheim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Malek Alhardan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Paul P Manka
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hartmut H-J Schmidt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hideo A Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Kälsch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
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Trites MJ, Stebbings BM, Aoki H, Phanse S, Akl MG, Li L, Babu M, Widenmaier SB. HDL functionality is dependent on hepatocyte stress defense factors Nrf1 and Nrf2. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1212785. [PMID: 37501930 PMCID: PMC10369849 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1212785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High density lipoproteins (HDL) promote homeostasis and counteract stressful tissue damage that underlie cardiovascular and other diseases by mediating reverse cholesterol transport, reducing inflammation, and abrogating oxidative damage. However, metabolically stressful conditions associated with atherosclerosis can impair these effects. Hepatocytes play a major role in the genesis and maturation of circulating HDL, and liver stress elicits marked regulatory changes to circulating HDL abundance and composition, which affect its functionality. The mechanisms linking liver stress to HDL function are incompletely understood. In this study, we sought to determine whether stress defending transcription factors nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-1 (Nrf1) and -2 (Nrf2) promote hepatocyte production of functional HDL. Using genetically engineered mice briefly fed a mild metabolically stressful diet, we investigated the effect of hepatocyte-specific deletion of Nrf1, Nrf2, or both on circulating HDL cholesterol, protein composition, and function. Combined deletion, but not single gene deletion, reduced HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 levels as well as the capacity of HDL to accept cholesterol undergoing efflux from cultured macrophages and to counteract tumor necrosis factor α-induced inflammatory effect on cultured endothelial cells. This coincided with substantial alteration to the HDL proteome, which correlated with liver gene expression profiles of corresponding proteins. Thus, our findings show complementary actions by hepatocyte Nrf1 and Nrf2 play a role in shaping HDL abundance and composition to promote production of functionally viable HDL. Consequently, our study illuminates the possibility that enhancing stress defense programming in the liver may improve atheroprotective and perhaps other health promoting actions of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Trites
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Brynne M. Stebbings
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Aoki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Sadhna Phanse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - May G. Akl
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Scott B. Widenmaier
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Ye Q, Jiang Y, Wu D, Cai J, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Liu L, Ling Q, Wang Q, Zhao G. Atractylodin alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18321. [PMID: 37539262 PMCID: PMC10395531 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Oxidative stress is one of the main inducers of NAFLD. Atractylodin (ART), a major active ingredient of Atractylodes lancea, possesses potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in many types of disease. In the current study, the underlying mechanism by which ART alleviates the progression of NAFLD was explored. The function of ART in facilitating NAFLD was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, ART attenuated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in mice and palmitic acid (PA)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, our data verified that ART attenuated HFD-induced NAFLD by inhibiting ferroptosis of hepatocyte cells, as evidenced by decreased Fe2+ concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and increased glutathione (GSH) content. The protective effect of ART on the cell viability of hepatocytes was blocked by a specific ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1). Mechanistically, ART treatment promoted the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) and thus increased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) expression. Taken together, ART alleviates NAFLD by regulating Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Ye
- Department of Paediatrics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhitian Jiang
- Department of Outpatient and Emergency Office, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qihua Ling
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Outpatient and Emergency Office, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zhong XQ, Li GD, Wang KY, Xu Y. Puerarin alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by upregulating the Nrf2 pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:352-360. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i9.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is on the rise, and inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in the progression of NASH. Puerarin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, but the effect and mechanism of action of puerarin on NASH need to be further explored.
AIM To explore the effect and mechanisms of action of puerarin in the treatment of NASH.
METHODS NASH was induced in C57BL/6 mice with a methionine and choline deficiency (MCD) diet. Mice were randomly divided into a normal diet group, a NASH model group, and a puerarin group. Each group were fed the corresponding diet for 4 wk. Serum and liver samples were collected to evaluate histological changes, inflammation, liver function, and oxidative stress.
RESULTS Compared with the normal diet group, hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol were significantly increased in the NASH model group. Histological analysis showed that there was more significant fatty changes, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver of mice in the NASH model group compared with those in the normal diet group. Compared with the normal diet group, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased, but malondialdehyde was significantly increased in the NASH model group. Compared with the NASH model group, serum triglycerides and cholesterol in the puerarin group were significantly reduced, and serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) were significantly decreased in the puerarin group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of fibrosis-related genes (αSMA, PAI-1, COL1A1, and TGFβ) in the liver of mice in the puerarin group were sharply decreased compared with those in the NASH model group. Compared with the NASH model group, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased in the puerarin group. Nuclear NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was significantly increased in the puerarin group compared with the NASH model group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Puerarin can significantly improve MCD diet-induced NASH. The mechanisms may be related to its anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis effects and up-regulation of the Nrf2 pathway. Our study offers novel insights into the pathogenesis of NASH and provides further evidence for the potential use of puerarin as an anti-NASH agent.
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Jiang JX. Macrophage Nrf2, an anti-inflammatory signal in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:427-428. [PMID: 36600051 PMCID: PMC10203325 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joy X Jiang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis, Rm. 3009, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., Davis, CA, 95616, US.
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Wang Z, Zhu S, Jia Y, Wang Y, Kubota N, Fujiwara N, Gordillo R, Lewis C, Zhu M, Sharma T, Li L, Zeng Q, Lin YH, Hsieh MH, Gopal P, Wang T, Hoare M, Campbell P, Hoshida Y, Zhu H. Positive selection of somatically mutated clones identifies adaptive pathways in metabolic liver disease. Cell 2023; 186:1968-1984.e20. [PMID: 37040760 PMCID: PMC10321862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in nonmalignant tissues accumulate with age and injury, but whether these mutations are adaptive on the cellular or organismal levels is unclear. To interrogate genes in human metabolic disease, we performed lineage tracing in mice harboring somatic mosaicism subjected to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Proof-of-concept studies with mosaic loss of Mboat7, a membrane lipid acyltransferase, showed that increased steatosis accelerated clonal disappearance. Next, we induced pooled mosaicism in 63 known NASH genes, allowing us to trace mutant clones side by side. This in vivo tracing platform, which we coined MOSAICS, selected for mutations that ameliorate lipotoxicity, including mutant genes identified in human NASH. To prioritize new genes, additional screening of 472 candidates identified 23 somatic perturbations that promoted clonal expansion. In validation studies, liver-wide deletion of Tbx3, Bcl6, or Smyd2 resulted in protection against hepatic steatosis. Selection for clonal fitness in mouse and human livers identifies pathways that regulate metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Wang
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shijia Zhu
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuemeng Jia
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cheryl Lewis
- Tissue Management Shared Resource, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Min Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tripti Sharma
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qiyu Zeng
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Meng-Hsiung Hsieh
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Purva Gopal
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matt Hoare
- University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; University of Cambridge Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Peter Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Chen C, Zhou B, Lin J, Gong Q, Xu F, Li Z, Huang Y. Liver Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Energy Regulation and Functional Impairment of Onychostoma sima During Starvation. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:247-258. [PMID: 36790593 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Releasing juvenile fish into resource-depleted waters is regarded as an effective way to restore fishery resources. However, during this stage, released fish are most vulnerable to long-term food deprivation due to environmental changes and low adaptability. Therefore, research regarding the energy regulation of fish under starvation stress is crucial to the optimization of release strategies. In this study, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the liver of Onychostoma sima subjected to starvation for 14 days. The results showed that, under long-term starvation, the liver regulated glucose homeostasis by activating the gluconeogenesis pathway. Meanwhile, the fatty acid metabolism pathway was activated to supply acetyl-coA to the TCA cycle, thus increasing mitochondrial ATP production and maintaining the balance of energy metabolism. Nevertheless, the activation of energy metabolism could not completely compensate for the role of exogenous nutrients, as evidenced by the downregulation of many genes involved in antioxidant defenses (e.g., cat, gpx3, mgst1, and mgst2) and immune response (e.g., c3, cd22, trnfrsf14, and a2ml). In summary, our data reveal the effects of long-term starvation on the energy metabolism and defensive regulation of starved juvenile fish, and these findings will provide important reference for the optimization of artificial release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunna Chen
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Jue Lin
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Zhengyi Li
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Fishery Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Wang Z, Zhu S, Jia Y, Wang Y, Kubota N, Fujiwara N, Gordillo R, Lewis C, Zhu M, Sharma T, Li L, Zeng Q, Lin YH, Hsieh MH, Gopal P, Wang T, Hoare M, Campbell P, Hoshida Y, Zhu H. Positive selection of somatically mutated clones identifies adaptive pathways in metabolic liver disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.20.533505. [PMID: 36993727 PMCID: PMC10055219 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in non-malignant tissues accumulate with age and insult, but whether these mutations are adaptive on the cellular or organismal levels is unclear. To interrogate mutations found in human metabolic disease, we performed lineage tracing in mice harboring somatic mosaicism subjected to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Proof-of-concept studies with mosaic loss of Mboat7 , a membrane lipid acyltransferase, showed that increased steatosis accelerated clonal disappearance. Next, we induced pooled mosaicism in 63 known NASH genes, allowing us to trace mutant clones side-by-side. This in vivo tracing platform, which we coined MOSAICS, selected for mutations that ameliorate lipotoxicity, including mutant genes identified in human NASH. To prioritize new genes, additional screening of 472 candidates identified 23 somatic perturbations that promoted clonal expansion. In validation studies, liver-wide deletion of Bcl6, Tbx3, or Smyd2 resulted in protection against NASH. Selection for clonal fitness in mouse and human livers identifies pathways that regulate metabolic disease. Highlights Mosaic Mboat7 mutations that increase lipotoxicity lead to clonal disappearance in NASH. In vivo screening can identify genes that alter hepatocyte fitness in NASH. Mosaic Gpam mutations are positively selected due to reduced lipogenesis. In vivo screening of transcription factors and epifactors identified new therapeutic targets in NASH.
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