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Johnstad PG. Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1268339. [PMID: 38249418 PMCID: PMC10797041 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1268339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are well-established literatures documenting the associations between mental disorders and unhealthy behaviors such as poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use. Few studies have attempted to understand the respective findings in light of each other, however. Objective The purpose of this review was to assemble comparable data for each behavior-disorder association and assess the associations in terms of their overall strength. The review aimed to include a representative, but not exhaustive, range of studies that would allow for explorative comparisons. Methods Eligible studies were identified via Pubmed searches and citation searching, restricted to publications no older than 2015 written in English. To obtain comparable data, only studies that reported findings as odds ratios were included, and risk of bias related to study samples, behavioral measurement disparities, and control variables was assessed via sensitivity analyses. Findings for each disorder were compared on the basis of different measures of central tendency. Results From 3,682 records, 294 studies were included. The review found evidence of associations between each of the four unhealthy behaviors and psychosis, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while personality disorder was only investigated in relation to cannabis and tobacco use. In overall comparison, the associations were generally of similar strength, and only the association between cannabis use and personality disorder was exceptional in terms of being significantly stronger than its counterparts across disorders and across behaviors. Analyses of bias risk identified some influence from behavioral measurement disparities and lack of adequate statistical control, but findings were generally robust across a range of sensitivity analyses. Conclusion This explorative and comparative review found that poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use are about equally strongly associated with a range of different mental disorders. Given the general nature of these associations, we should probably understand them to reflect a general and shared etiology. However, the findings in this review should be regarded as tentative until confirmed by more comprehensive investigations.
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Sahril N, Adnan MAA, Khalil MKN, Chan YM, Yoga Ratnam KK, Lai WK, Ahmad NA. Association of dietary behaviour and depression among adolescents in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:133. [PMID: 38017532 PMCID: PMC10685555 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is on the rise and has become a significant concern for public health. Limited research has explored the connection between dietary patterns and depression. This investigation aimed to examine how dietary behaviours relate to depression among adolescents attending school in Malaysia. METHODS The study utilized data from the National School-Based Health Survey 2022, a nationwide survey involving school-going adolescents aged 13-17, with a total of 33,523 participants from 239 schools. To assess depression, the study employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), considering a score of 10 or higher as indicative of depression. Dietary behaviours were assessed using a validated self-administered questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization's Global School-based Student Health Survey. Descriptive analysis and complex sample logistic regression were carried out using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS The study revealed a 26.9% overall prevalence of depression, with higher risks among female adolescents (AOR 2.71, 95% CI 2.51, 2.92) and those in higher grades. Malays (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.41, 2.07), Other Bumiputeras (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.32, 2.17), and Others (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16, 2.30) had elevated odds of depression compared to Indians. Healthy dietary habits, like consuming less than two servings of fruits daily, correlated with depression (AOR 1.44 95% CI 1.35, 1.54). Additionally, unhealthy dietary behaviours such as fast food consumption (AOR 1.73 [95% CI 1.55, 1.93]) and carbonated soft drink intake (AOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.48, 1.70]) were positively associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS One out of every four Malaysian adolescents was identified to experience depression. Depression was linked to several factors, such as being female, belonging to higher grade levels, identifying as Malays, Other Bumiputeras, or belonging to other ethnicities, and participating in the consumption of fast food, carbonated soft drinks, and fruits. To address these observations, it is crucial to formulate effective public health programmes that prioritize adolescent mental health and encourage the adoption of healthy eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Khairul Nazrin Khalil
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yee Mang Chan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Wai Kent Lai
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Morales G, Balboa-Castillo T, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Garrido-Miguel M, Guidoni CM, Sirtoli R, Mesas AE, Rodrigues R. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00206722. [PMID: 37971096 PMCID: PMC10645059 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen206722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depressive symptoms in Chilean university students. The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 934 first-year students at a Chilean public university completed a self-report questionnaire. To assess adherence to Mediterranean diet, an index validated in Chile (Chilean-MDI) was used, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms adjusted for the main confounders. Students with moderate and high adherence to Mediterranean diet showed lower odds of depression [DASS-21 > 5, odds ratio (OR) = 0.64; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.47-0.88] than those with low adherence to Mediterranean diet. The consumption of 1-2 servings/day of vegetables (OR = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.43-0.92), > 2 servings/week of nuts (OR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.21-0.80), 1-2 servings/day of fruits (OR = 0.60; 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), 1-2 servings/week of fish and seafood (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.94), and 1/2-3 units/week of avocado (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.93) showed low odds of depressive symptoms. The consumption of whole grains and cereals (> 2 servings/day) (OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.02-2.61) showed the opposite association. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and consumption of fruits, vegetables, nuts, avocado, fish, and seafood are associated with a lower likelihood of depression in Chilean university students. New policies and educational strategies are recommended to improve diet quality and the mental health of the entire university community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Morales
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | | | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, España
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España
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Tian S, Wu L, Zheng H, Zhong X, Yu X, Wu W. Body mass index modifies the relationship between dietary iron intake and depressive symptoms among adults: A national population-based cohort. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:907-913. [PMID: 37619653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the effects of dietary iron intake on depression is limited and controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the association between iron intake and the prevalence of depressive symptoms. METHODS The present study used cross-sectional data from people who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2016. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to investigate the relationship between iron intake and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 16,098 adults aged 20 years or older were included in this study. Compared with individuals with lowest iron intake Q1 (≤8.31 mg/day), the adjusted OR values for dietary iron intake and depression in Q2 (8.32-11.47 mg/day), Q3 (11.48-15.02 mg/day), Q4 (15.03-20.28 mg/day), and Q5 (≥20.29 mg/day) were 0.69 (95 % CI: 0.52-0.91), 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.50-0.94,), 0.59 (95 % CI: 0.42-0.82,), and 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.40-0.98), respectively. The relationship between iron intake and depressive symptoms exhibited a non-linear. Our findings suggested an interaction between body mass index (BMI) and iron intake (P = 0.03). Additionally, the relationship between dietary iron intake and depressive symptoms in adults with a BMI <25 kg/m2 was U-shaped. And the OR of developing depressive symptoms was 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.87-0.99) in individuals with iron intake ≤19.72 mg/day. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional study and relevant data was based on self-reports. CONCLUSION A higher iron intake is significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms, and different levels of BMI can modify the association between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Lanxiang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Heqing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Xianhui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Xinping Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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Lim E, Kim BJ, Lee CS, Cha B, Lee SJ, Seo JY, Choi JW, Lee YJ, Kang N, Kim SC, Lee D. Dietary Carotene Intake and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Females: Analysis of Data From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012, 2013, and 2015). Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:897-903. [PMID: 37899212 PMCID: PMC10620338 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The suicide rate in Korea was the highest among countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 2019. In a previous study, higher intake of vegetables and fruits was associated with a lower risk of suicidal ideation, and carotene-rich fruits and vegetables lowered the risk of depression. This study aimed to examine the direct relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for the effect on depression. METHODS This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Carotene intake was assessed through a food intake frequency survey with a 24-hour recall. Suicidal ideation and depression were assessed using the mental health section of the KNHANES. We applied logistic regression to assess the relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 5,480 females aged 19-64 years were included in this study. Carotene intake was significantly lower in the suicidal ideation group (3,034.5±1,756.4 μg/day) than in the nonsuicidal ideation group (3,225.4±1,795.1 μg/day) (p=0.015). We found a significant inverse association between carotene intake and the risk of suicidal ideation after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio=0.934, 95% confidence interval=0.873-0.999). CONCLUSION These results suggest that carotene intake may be inversely associated with the risk of suicidal ideation. Our findings may inform the development of new nutritional interventions to prevent increases in the risk of suicide worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Soon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Boseok Cha
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ji Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuree Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chan Kim
- Biostatistics Cooperation Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Chen S, Liu J, Kang X, Cui K, Zhang D. Association of dietary mineral mixture with depressive symptoms: A combination of Bayesian approaches. Prev Med 2023; 175:107661. [PMID: 37573955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between mixtures of multiple minerals and depression have not been explored. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between the mixture of nine dietary minerals [calcium (Ca), phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc, copper (Cu), sodium, potassium (K), and selenium (Se)] and depressive symptoms in the general population. We screened 20,342 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. We fitted the general linear regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and Bayesian semiparametric regression models to explore associations and interactions. We obtained the relative importance of dietary minerals by calculating posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs). The dietary intakes of minerals were obtained using the 24-h dietary recall interview, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The linear analysis showed that nine minerals were negatively associated with PHQ-9 scores. The BKMR analysis showed a negative association between the dietary mineral mixture and PHQ-9 scores, with Se having the largest PIP at 1.0000, followed by K (0.7784). We also observed potential interactions between Ca and Fe, Se and Fe, and K and Mg. Among them, the interaction of Ca and Fe had the largest PIP of 0.986. In addition, the overall effect was more pronounced in females than males, and Cu's PIP (0.8376) was higher in females. Two sensitivity analyses showed that our results were robust. Our study provides a basis for formulating nutritional intervention programs for depression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China.
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Mazloomi SN, Talebi S, Mehrabani S, Bagheri R, Ghavami A, Zarpoosh M, Mohammadi H, Wong A, Nordvall M, Kermani MAH, Moradi S. The association of ultra-processed food consumption with adult mental health disorders: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 260,385 participants. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:913-931. [PMID: 36094005 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the risk of mental health disorders. METHODS The ISI Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were searched without date restriction until 28 December 2021. Data were extracted from 26 studies, including 260,385 participants from twelve countries. Risk ratios for mental health disorders were pooled by a random-effects model. RESULTS Meta-analyses suggested that UPF consumption was associated with an increased risk of depression (RR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.38; I2 = 61.8%; p = 0.022) but not anxiety (RR = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.86, 2.11; I2 = 77.8%; p = 0.198). However, when analyzed for the dietary assessment method, UPF consumption was significantly associated with an enhanced risk of depression among studies utilizing food frequency questionnaires (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.41; I2 = 60.0%; p < 0.001) as opposed to other forms of dietary recall approaches. Additionally, for every 10% increase in UPF consumption per daily calorie intake, 11% higher risk of depression (RR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.17; I2 = 88.9%; p < 0.001) was observed among adults. Dose-response analysis further emphasized a positive linear association between UPF consumption with depression risk (p-nonlinearity = 0.819, p-dose-response = p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that UPF consumption is related to an enhanced depressive mental health status risk. There may be different causes for this increased risk, and further studies are needed to investigate if there is a causal relationship between consumption of UPF and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyadeh Narges Mazloomi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Food and Drug Administration, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehrabani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abed Ghavami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zarpoosh
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Michael Nordvall
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Malmir H, Mahdavi FS, Ejtahed HS, Kazemian E, Chaharrahi A, Mohammadian Khonsari N, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Qorbani M. Junk food consumption and psychological distress in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:807-827. [PMID: 35816403 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2094856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Available evidence indicates that junk foods, defined as unhealthy foods with high-calorie and low-nutrient value, negatively affect mental and metabolic health of children. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the association between junk food consumption and psychological distress in children and adolescents.Methods: A systematic literature search of relevant documents published in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was conducted up to 2022. All observation studies which assessed association of junk foods and psychological distress in children and adolescents were included. Random-effect model was used to pool odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) from individual studies. Subgroup meta-analysis was performed based on junk foods categories (sweet drinks, sweet snacks and snacks).Results: Data of 17 included articles on junk foods consumption in relation to depression, stress, anxiety, sleep dissatisfaction and happiness in children and adolescents were included in this systematic review. According to random effect model, the pooled OR in the highest vs. the lowest category of junk foods was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.35-1.95) for depression, 1.34 (95% CI: 1.16-1.54) for stress, 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03-1.50) for anxiety, 1.17 (95% CI: 1.05-1.30) for sleep dissatisfaction and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75-0.92) for happiness. In subgroup meta-analysis, there were significant associations between different types of junk foods and psychological distress (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that junk foods consumption was associated with increased odds of psychological distress in children and adolescents. These findings support the current recommendation of decreasing junk foods intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Malmir
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Kazemian
- Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Chaharrahi
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Chen J, Song W, Zhang W. The emerging role of copper in depression. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1230404. [PMID: 37609453 PMCID: PMC10440608 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1230404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element in the brain and serves as an important cofactor for numerous enzymes involved in a wide range of biochemical processes including neurobehavioral, mitochondrial respiration, and antioxidant effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that copper dyshomeostasis is tightly associated with the development of depression by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, these findings have remained controversial so far. Cumulative studies have shown a positive association, while some other studies showed no association and even a negative association between serum/plasma copper level and depression. Based on these conflicted results, the association was speculated to be due to the clinical features of the population, stages of the disease, severity of copper excess, and types of specimens detected in these studies. In addition, there was an inverse association between dietary copper intake and depression. Furthermore, increasing copper intake could influence dietary zinc and iron intake to prevent and treat depression. Thus, copper supplementation may be a good measure to manage depression. This review provided a deeper understanding of the potential applicability of copper in the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
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Qian K, Wang D, Sun Y, Ye X, Wang D, Xu H. Association of dietary patterns with depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1180858. [PMID: 37497054 PMCID: PMC10366384 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1180858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression is highly prevalent in adolescents and may have adverse social and health consequences. To investigate the effect of diet on the occurrence of depression in adolescents, this study examined the correlation between dietary patterns and depression in adolescents. Methods A total of 853 participants were recruited in September to October 2022 in Taizhou, Zhejiang, China. The Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess the subjects' depressive symptoms in the past 2 weeks. Relevant dietary information was obtained through a food frequency questionnaire. The associations between dietary patterns and the risk of depression were assessed using a logistic regression model. Results Four dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, including the modern pattern, the snack-aquatic pattern, the traditional pattern, and the vegetarian pattern. The risk of mild depression among adolescents was higher in the Q2 and Q3 groups of the modern model than in the Q1 group of this type, and the risk of mild depression was higher in the Q4 group of the snack-aquatic model than in the Q1 group of this type; while the risk of moderate depressive symptoms was lower in the Q3 group of the vegetarian model compared with the Q1 group. Conclusion Modern and snack-aquatic patterns are associated with an increased risk of depression in Chinese adolescents, and vegetarian patterns are associated with a reduced risk of depression. The current findings emphasize the importance of adolescents consuming moderate amounts of rice flour, adequate vegetables and fruits, and reducing snack intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongjia Qian
- Nursing Department, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yongfang Sun
- Nursing Department, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ye
- Nursing Department, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Nursing Department, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhen Xu
- Nursing Department, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Wu H, Gu Y, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Zhang S, Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Chang H, Huang T, Niu K. Relationship between dietary pattern and depressive symptoms: an international multicohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:74. [PMID: 37340419 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several previous studies have shown that dietary patterns are associated with the incidence of depressive symptoms. However, the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of depressive symptoms in two large cohort studies. METHODS The Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort study included a total of 7,094 participants living in Tianjin, China from 2013 to 2019, and the UK Biobank cohort study includes 96,810 participants who were recruited from 22 assessment centers across the UK taken between 2006 and 2010. All participants were free of a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and depressive symptoms at baseline. Dietary patterns at baseline were identified with factor analysis based on responses to a validated food frequency questionnaire in TCLSIH or Oxford WebQ in UK Biobank. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) in TCLSIH or hospital inpatient records in UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 989, and 1,303 participants developed depressive symptoms during 17,410 and 709,931 person-years of follow-up. After adjusting for several potential confounders, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of the depressive symptoms were 0.71 (0.57, 0.88) for traditional Chinese dietary pattern, 1.29 (1.07, 1.55) for processed animal offal included animal food dietary pattern, and 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) for sugar rich dietary pattern in TCLSIH (all Q4 vs Q1). In the UK Biobank, the HRs (95% CIs) of depressive symptoms were 1.39 (1.16, 1.68) for processed food dietary pattern (Q4 vs Q1), 0.90 (0.77, 1.00) for healthy dietary pattern (Q3 vs Q1), and 0.89 (0.75, 1.05) for meat dietary pattern (Q4 vs Q1) in the final adjusted model. CONCLUSION Dietary patterns rich in processed foods were associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms, and following a traditional Chinese dietary pattern or healthy dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms, whereas meat dietary pattern was not associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Wu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaijun Niu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Tianjin, Jinghai District, 301617, China.
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.
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Jeong H, Oh JW, Son NH, Lee S. Age and Sex Differences in the Association between Serum Vitamin E Levels and Depressive Symptoms: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081915. [PMID: 37111134 PMCID: PMC10144124 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the relationship between serum vitamin E levels and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the potential modulating role of age and sex has been underexplored. We conduct an age- and sex-stratified investigation of the association between serological vitamin E status and depressive symptoms in a large nationwide sample. Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed (n = 4448). The participants were stratified into four groups according to age (<65 vs. ≥65 years) and sex. Each group was divided into tertiles of vitamin E/total lipid ratio, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores were compared among the tertiles via multivariable linear regression analyses. The relationship between dietary supplement use and the proportions of tertiles was assessed in each group. With the middle tertile as the reference group, the low tertile of vitamin E/total lipid ratio was associated with increased PHQ-9 scores in younger females and older males after adjusting for all covariates, while the high tertile showed no significant associations with PHQ-9 scores in any group. The low tertile was associated with increased adjusted mean PHQ-9 scores by 0.53 and 1.02 compared to the middle tertile in younger females and older males, respectively. Dietary supplement use was related to higher vitamin E/total lipid ratio in all four groups. In conclusion, younger females and older males with a low vitamin E status showed worse depressive symptoms. These individuals may benefit from dietary interventions to prevent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Jeong
- Geumsan-gun Public Health Center, Geumsan 32726, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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13
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Saghafian F, Hajishafiee M, Rouhani P, Saneei P. Dietary fiber intake, depression, and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:108-126. [PMID: 36692989 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.2020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings of previous studies on relationship between dietary fiber intake and depression were inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis on the association of dietary fiber intake with depression and anxiety in epidemiologic studies. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases, up to May 2021. Data from 18 publications (12 cross-sectional, five cohort and one case-control studies) on dietary fiber consumption in relation to depression or anxiety were included. For depression, fifteen studies were conducted on adults and three others on adolescents. Anxiety was not included in the analysis, due to insufficient eligible studies. RESULTS Total dietary fiber intake was associated with a 10% lower odds of depression (OR = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86, 0.95) in adults and a 57% lower odds (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.59) in adolescents. Dose-response meta-analysis revealed an inverse linear association between total dietary fiber intake and odd of depression in adults; such that each 5-g increase in total dietary fiber intake was associated with a 5% reduction in risk of depression (OR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.97). An inverse significant association was observed between intake of fiber from vegetables (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.82) and soluble fiber (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.91) and odds of depression. However, cereal fiber, fiber from fruits and insoluble fiber were marginally associated with a reduction in having depression. CONCLUSIONS High intake of dietary fiber was protectively associated with depression in adults, in a dose-response fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Saghafian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hajishafiee
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Parisa Rouhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Wang Y, Liu J, Compher C, Kral TV. Associations between dietary intake, diet quality and depressive symptoms in youth: A systematic review of observational studies. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 12:249-265. [PMID: 36686054 PMCID: PMC9808911 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2022.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is the third leading cause of worldwide disease burden among youth, and nutrition- and diet-related behaviors have been considered as an effective strategy for reducing the risk of depressive symptoms. This systematic review aims to examine associations between dietary intake and diet quality with depressive symptoms among youth. Methods: In this systematic review, a search of scientific articles published between 2000 and 2021 was performed in four databases (CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and PubMed) according to the PRISMA checklist. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, observational studies that focused on associations between micronutrient, macronutrient, food group intake, and diet quality and depressive symptoms among youth, ages 3 to 18, were selected for review. Results: Thirty-two articles met the review criteria. Dietary intake of magnesium, vitamin B12, fiber, fruits, vegetables, and fish were consistently inversely related to depressive symptoms. However, the evidence of associations between intake of vitamins B6, C, D, and E, iron, copper, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, carbohydrate, and dietary fat and depressive symptoms was mixed. Dietary effects on decreased depressive symptoms were more pronounced in children than adolescents. Additionally, most studies failed to adjust for potential confounding variables. Conclusion: This review provides preliminary and comprehensive evidence for a relationship between dietary intake, diet quality, and depressive symptoms in youth. Although the results are heterogeneous and more research is needed, our findings indicate the importance of nutrition interventions for youth for decreasing depressive symptoms or for preventing further symptom exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Wang
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding Author: Yiqi Wang,
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charlene Compher
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tanja V.E. Kral
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Dietary Intake of Carotenoids and Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112205. [PMID: 36358577 PMCID: PMC9686905 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of depression, the potential role of dietary antioxidant supplementation in the prevention of depression has attracted considerable attention. Most studies suggest that dietary carotenoids may play a role in maintaining depressive symptoms due to their antioxidant activity, but some studies concluded the contrary. This study conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to test the relationship between carotenoid supplements and depressive symptoms. After a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase Scopus, and Web of Science databases from their inception to 28 July 2022, 12 publications met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 8 were cross-sectional studies, 3 were case−control studies, and 1 was a cohort study, involving a total of 33,466 participants. Pooled meta-analysis found that intake of total carotenoids (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.53, 0.71], p < 0.01), beta-carotene (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.52, 0.70], p < 0.01), alpha-carotene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.60, 0.83], p < 0.01), lycopene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.55, 0.90], p < 0.01), lutein, and/or corn xanthin (OR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.43, 0.66], p < 0.01) was significantly inversely associated with depressive symptoms, while beta-cryptoxanthin (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.52, 2.21], p = 0.86) had no significance. At the same time, this meta-analysis was free of publication bias and heterogeneity. Although further studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between carotenoids and depressive symptoms, and to further reveal the mechanism of their association, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that carotenoids are protective factors for depressive symptoms, and dietary intake may help in reducing the risk of depressive symptoms.
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16
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Braza AE, Kim JJ, Kim SH. Disparity between Subjective Health Perception and Lifestyle Practices among Korean Adolescents: A National Representative Sample. J Lifestyle Med 2022; 12:153-163. [PMID: 36628176 PMCID: PMC9798883 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2022.12.3.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between subjective health perception (SHP) and lifestyle practices brings into question the future health status of an individual. Recognition of the disparity between one's health consciousness to the real practices encourages change and promotes development of better health programs. The adolescent stage is the best time to identify this disparity wherein lifestyle practices are still being developed. In Korea, adolescents experienced significant shifts in lifestyle due to the fast economic growth and the breakthrough of the digital era. Thus, determining the disparity between SHP and lifestyle practices among Korean adolescents poses a great deal of interest and importance. Methods Utilizing the 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), self-reported data with a national representative sample-57,303 respondents-of Korean adolescents in the 7-12th grades, was used from a multistage sampling, stratification, and clustering was obtained. SHP and lifestyle practices were collected and analyzed. Results The findings revealed that most respondents with poor diet, exercise, and sleep behaviors perceived themselves to be normal, healthy, or extremely healthy, which resulted in a negative correlation between SHP and lifestyle behaviors-except in the case of substance use. Conclusion There is a significant disparity between Korean adolescents' SHP and lifestyle practices. This highlights the need for lifestyle interventions and re-education among Korean adolescents. Their current lifestyle practices may extend into adulthood, thereby increasing the risks of cardiovascular and other lifestyle-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinsoo Jason Kim
- Department of Addiction Science, Sahmyook University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author: Jinsoo Jason Kim, Department of Addiction Science, Sahmyook University Graduate School, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of KoreaTel: 82-2-3399-1908, Fax: 82-2-3399-3009, E-mail:
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Department of Addiction Science, Sahmyook University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Dabravolskaj J, Marozoff S, Maximova K, Campbell S, Veugelers PJ. Relationship Between Fruit and Vegetables Intake and Common Mental Disorders in Youth: A Systematic Review. Public Health Rev 2022; 43:1604686. [PMID: 36204513 PMCID: PMC9530034 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent evidence suggests that adequate fruit and vegetables intake (FVI) might be associated with lower risk of common mental disorders (CMDs) in adults, but studies in youth are also beginning to emerge and are synthesized in this systematic review. Methods: Online databases were searched from inception to 30 October 2020 to locate cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on the FVI and CMDs in youth (i.e., 10–18 years old). The risk of bias of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results: Among 3,944 records identified, 12 studies (8 cross-sectional, 1 case-control, and 3 prospective cohort studies) were included in the final synthesis. None of the prospective cohort studies identified a statistically significant association between FVI and CMDs in youth, although inconsistent associations were reported in cross-sectional and case-control studies. Conclusion: The lack of associations between FVI and CMDs in youth, along with consistent associations in adults, might be explained by the accumulation of risk theoretical model and methodological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dabravolskaj
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Julia Dabravolskaj,
| | - Shelby Marozoff
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Campbell
- John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul J. Veugelers
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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18
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The Burden of Carbohydrates in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183809. [PMID: 36145184 PMCID: PMC9505863 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foods high in carbohydrates are an important part of a healthy diet, since they provide the body with glucose to support bodily functions and physical activity. However, the abusive consumption of refined, simple, and low-quality carbohydrates has a direct implication on the physical and mental pathophysiology. Then, carbohydrate consumption is postulated as a crucial factor in the development of the main Western diseases of the 21st century. We conducted this narrative critical review using MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, and CinAhl databases with the MeSH-compliant keywords: carbohydrates and evolution, development, phylogenetic, GUT, microbiota, stress, metabolic health, consumption behaviors, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, mental disease, anxiety, depression, cancer, chronic kidney failure, allergies, and asthma in order to analyze the impact of carbohydrates on health. Evidence suggests that carbohydrates, especially fiber, are beneficial for the well-being and growth of gut microorganisms and consequently for the host in this symbiotic relationship, producing microbial alterations a negative effect on mental health and different organic systems. In addition, evidence suggests a negative impact of simple carbohydrates and refined carbohydrates on mood categories, including alertness and tiredness, reinforcing a vicious circle. Regarding physical health, sugar intake can affect the development and prognosis of metabolic disease, as an uncontrolled intake of refined carbohydrates puts individuals at risk of developing metabolic syndrome and subsequently developing metabolic disease.
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Mao Y, Li X, Zhu S, Geng Y. Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Depression in Patients With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:920845. [PMID: 36389250 PMCID: PMC9642095 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.920845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both serious public health problems, with morbidity and mortality in people increasing year by year, resulting in a heavy economic burden. A correlation between dietary fiber and both has been reported. Nevertheless, few data are available concerning dietary fiber and the risk of depression with or without T2D, which deserve further attention. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the relationship between dietary fiber intake and risk of depression with or without T2D in the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population. A 24-h dietary review was used to assess fiber intake. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depression. Stability of the results was assessed using restricted cubic spline models and logistic regression, as well as sensitivity analyses. RESULTS A total of 17,866 adults aged 20 years and older with a mean age of 49.3 ± 17.7 years were included in this study, of whom 49.5% were male. After adjusting for covariates, the association of dietary fiber intake with the risk of depression appeared to differ between non-T2D group and T2D group (OR, 0.987; 95% CI, 0.979-0.995 vs. OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 0.988-1.017). Furthermore, when dietary fiber was converted to a categorical variable, there was evidence of interaction between T2D status and fiber intake on decreasing the prevalence of depression (P-value for interaction = 0.015). Sensitivity analysis showed stable results. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that whether a patient has T2D may affect the relationship between dietary fiber intake and the risk of depression, which still needs to be confirmed by further randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yulan Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Liang W, Fu J, Tian X, Tian J, Yang Y, Fan W, Du Z, Jin Z. Physical Fitness and Dietary Intake Improve Mental Health in Chinese Adolescence Aged 12-13. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:921605. [PMID: 35898442 PMCID: PMC9311423 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.921605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health has become a major public health issue worldwide. Biological and epidemiological studies have suggested that diet and physical fitness play a role in the prevention or cure of mental disorders. However, further research is required to elucidate the relationship between diet, physical fitness, and mental health. The study aims to provide a theoretical basis for promoting an adolescent healthy lifestyle and preventing mental problems by exploring the relationship between physical fitness, calcium intake, calorie intake, and adolescent mental health. Methods A cross-sectional study of a sample of adolescents (N = 253, 12-13 years) was conducted. The study involved adolescents from three middle schools in Central Jiangsu Province, including 136 boys and 117 girls. Weight, height, and body mass index were measured. Physical fitness was scored using the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard. Diet data were collected using a weighed 7-day food diary to estimate energy intake and dietary calcium intake. The mental health status of the participants was assessed using the Chinese Middle School Student Mental Health Scale. A T-test and analysis of variance were used to analyze the differences of variables between different genders and body mass index, and Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression were used to explore the relationship between physical fitness, dietary intake, and mental health. Results The height (165.13 ± 8.07), weight (55.24 ± 13.00), and strength quality (64.93 ± 21.66) of boys are higher than those of girls (161.67 ± 6.44,48.99 ± 8.97, 58.40 ± 23.75, P < 0.05), and the flexibility quality (74.59 ± 14.75) of girls is higher than that of boys (68.30 ± 20.84) (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the total scores of speed and physical fitness (F values were 4.02187.73, 3.07, 5.95, 10.33, and 9.52, respectively, P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between calcium intake, cardiopulmonary fitness, and mental health (r = 0.276, P < 0.01; r = 0.159, P < 0.05). Calcium intake and cardiopulmonary fitness could explain 8.4% of the changes in the mental health of adolescents aged 12-13(ΔR2 = 0.084, P < 0.05). Conclusion Adequate calcium intake and the improvement of cardiopulmonary fitness in adolescents aged 12-13 are essential for the good development of their mental health. Future research in this field should examine the prospective associations between multiple measures of physical fitness composition and other nutrients ingested and mental health outcomes, as well as intervention studies that seek to provide evidence of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian Fu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxue Tian
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wencui Fan
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Du
- Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheyu Jin
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Orlando L, Savel KA, Madigan S, Colasanto M, Korczak DJ. Dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:617-641. [PMID: 34313455 PMCID: PMC9131419 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211031486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Studies of child and adolescent internalizing symptoms and dietary pattern have produced mixed results. OBJECTIVES To quantify the association between dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms, including depression, in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane up to March 2021. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies and randomized controlled trials with mean age ⩽ 18 years, reporting associations between diet patterns and internalizing symptoms. DATA EXTRACTION Mean effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were determined under a random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were cross-sectional, 12 were prospective, and 1 used a case-control design. The total number of participants enrolled ranged from 73,726 to 116,546. Healthy dietary patterns were negatively associated with internalizing (r = -0.07, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [-0.12, 0.06]) and depressive symptoms (r = -0.10, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [-0.18, -0.08]). Effect sizes were larger for studies of healthy dietary patterns and internalizing and depressive symptoms using self-report versus parent-report measures, as well as in cross-sectional studies of healthy dietary patterns and depression compared to prospective studies. Unhealthy dietary patterns were positively associated with internalizing (r = 0.09, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [0.06, 0.14]) and depressive symptoms (r = 0.10, p < 0.01, 95% CI [0.05, 0.17]). Larger effect sizes were observed for studies of unhealthy dietary patterns and internalizing and depressive symptoms using self-report versus parent-report measures. LIMITATIONS A lack of studies including clinical samples and/or physician diagnosis, and a paucity of studies in which anxiety symptoms were the primary mental health outcome. CONCLUSION Greater depression and internalizing symptoms are associated with greater unhealthy dietary patterns and with lower healthy dietary intake among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orlando
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katarina A Savel
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marlena Colasanto
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Daphne J Korczak, Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, 1145 Burton Wing, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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22
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Zhang Y, Ding J, Liang J. Associations of Dietary Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene Intake With Depression. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:881139. [PMID: 35548582 PMCID: PMC9083456 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.881139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To clarify the associations of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake with depression based on a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods An extensive literature search on February 2022 (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) was employed to identify observational studies on the associations of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake with depression. The pooled relative risk (RR) of depression for the highest vs. lowest dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake category, and the standard mean difference (SMD) of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake for depression vs. control subjects, were calculated. Results A total of 25 observational studies (100,955 participants), which included 24 cross-sectional/case-control and 1 prospective cohort study, were included in this study. The overall multi-variable adjusted RR demonstrated that dietary vitamin A intake was inversely associated with depression (RR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.70–1.00; P = 0.05). In addition, the combined SMD showed that the dietary vitamin A intake in depression was also lower than that in control subjects (SMD = −0.13, 95%CI: −0.18 to −0.07; P < 0.001). On the other hand, the overall multi-variable adjusted RR indicated that dietary beta-carotene intake was negatively associated with depression (RR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.55–0.72; P < 0.001). The combined SMD showed that the dietary beta-carotene intake in depression was also lower than that in control subjects (SMD = −0.34, 95%CI: −0.48 to −0.20; P < 0.001). Conclusion Our results suggest that both dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake is inversely associated with depression. However, due to the limited evidence, further prospective cohort studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyu Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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Ding J, Zhang Y. Associations of Dietary Vitamin C and E Intake With Depression. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:857823. [PMID: 35464032 PMCID: PMC9021894 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.857823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The associations of dietary vitamin C and E intake with depression remains conflicting. This meta-analysis of observational study was therefore employed to clarify the issue further. Methods An extensive literature review (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) was performed in January 2022 to identify the observational studies on the associations of dietary vitamin C and E intake with depression. The pooled relative risk (RR) of depression for the highest versus lowest dietary vitamin C and E intake category, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) of dietary vitamin C and E intake for depression versus control subjects, were calculated. Results A total of 25 observational studies (91966 participants) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall multi-variable adjusted RR demonstrated that dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with depression (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.91; P = 0.005). In addition, the combined WMD showed that the dietary vitamin C intake in depression was lower than that in control subjects (WMD = −11.58, 95% CI: −14.88 to −8.29; P < 0.001). Similarly, the overall multi-variable adjusted RR demonstrated that dietary vitamin E intake was negatively associated with depression (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.98; P = 0.02). Moreover, the combined WMD showed that the dietary vitamin E intake in depression was also lower than that in control subjects (WMD = −0.71, 95% CI: −1.07 to −0.34; P < 0.001). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis suggest that both dietary vitamin C and E intake is inversely associated with depression. However, due to the limited evidence, more well-designed prospective cohort studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ding
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang,
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24
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Ding J, Zhang Y. Associations of Dietary Copper, Selenium, and Manganese Intake With Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:854774. [PMID: 35369103 PMCID: PMC8965358 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.854774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To comprehensively summarize the evidence on the associations of dietary copper, selenium, and manganese intake with depression based on a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods The electronic database of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to January 7, 2022, for observational studies on the associations of dietary copper, selenium and manganese intake with depression (no restriction was set for the initiate time). The pooled relative risk (RR) of depression for the highest vs. lowest dietary copper, selenium, and manganese intake category were calculated. Results A total of 11 observational studies (61,430 participants) were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. Specifically, five studies were related to the dietary copper intake. The overall multi-variable adjusted RR demonstrated that dietary copper intake was inversely associated with depression (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52–0.76; P < 0.001; I2 = 2.4%). With regard to the dietary selenium intake, six studies were identified for meta-analysis. The overall multi-variable adjusted RR showed that dietary selenium intake was also negatively associated with depression (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.54–0.74; P < 0.001; I2 = 37.8%). In addition, four studies were specified for the dietary manganese intake, and the overall multi-variable adjusted RR indicated a negative relationship between dietary manganese intake and depression (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58–0.86; P < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%). Conclusions Our results suggest a negative relationship between dietary copper, selenium and manganese intake and depression, respectively. However, due to the limited prospective evidence, our results are restricted to cross-sectional design that precludes causal relationships. More well-designed prospective cohort studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ding
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang
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25
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Jain R, Larsuphrom P, Degremont A, Latunde‐Dada GO, Philippou E. Association between vegetarian and vegan diets and depression: A systematic review. NUTR BULL 2022; 47:27-49. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Jain
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Phureephat Larsuphrom
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Alexia Degremont
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | | | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
- Department of Life and Health Sciences University of Nicosia Nicosia Cyprus
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26
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Li MC. Associations between adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide and psychiatric morbidity: A population-based study in Taiwan. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1022892. [PMID: 36386970 PMCID: PMC9664218 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1022892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health has become a public health concern worldwide, and the number of affected individuals is rising. Therefore, further research must be conducted to identify potential risk factors to develop optimal prevention strategies to mitigate mental health disorders. METHODS Using Taiwanese Nutrition and Health Survey data collected from 2013-2016, we conducted a cross-sectional study to examine whether adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide affects mental health conditions. Study participants were adults aged ≥19 years. The dietary assessment was conducted using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The presence of psychiatric morbidity was defined as a five-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) score of ≥10. Logistic regression models were used to determine whether Taiwan Daily Food Guide adherence was related to the presence of psychiatric morbidity. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed protective associations between adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide and psychiatric morbidity risk. CONCLUSION The Taiwan Daily Food Guide might reduce the risk associated with psychiatric morbidity and could be a reference for developing a national food guide for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chieh Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Wu Y, Li S, Wang W, Zhang D. Associations of dietary B vitamins intakes with depression in adults. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021; 93:142-153. [PMID: 34233510 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: The impact of the dietary B vitamins intakes on the development of depression has been scarcely investigated. Thus, this study aimed to examine the associations of dietary B vitamins intakes with the risk of depression in American adults. Methods: The data we used in this study were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2014. We used the Logistic regression models to analyze the associations of the dietary intakes of B vitamins with the risk of depression. Results: 17,732 individuals (8,623 males and 9,109 females) were enrolled in the study and they were all 18 or older. Compared to the lowest quartile of dietary intake, the ORs (95%CIs) of the highest quartile were 0.64 (0.50-0.82), 0.78 (0.62-0.97), 0.60 (0.47-0.78), 0.65 (0.50-0.84), and 0.71 (0.54-0.95) for vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, respectively. Compared to the people whose dietary intakes below the RDA in the model 2, those with intake meeting the RDA of vitamin B1 (OR: 0.68; 95%CI: 0.56-0.84), niacin (OR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.51-0.81), B6 (OR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.52-0.81), or B12 (OR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.48-0.88) had a lower risk of depression, severally. We also found a nonlinear negative association between dietary vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intakes and the risk of depression in the dose-response analyses, severally. Conclusions: Our results suggested that dietary vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intakes may be inversely associated with the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weihai, Shandong, Province China
| | - Suyun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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28
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Lee J, Allen J. Gender Differences in Healthy and Unhealthy Food Consumption and Its Relationship with Depression in Young Adulthood. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:898-909. [PMID: 32602082 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods and depression among young adults and the moderating effect of gender on these relationships. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 for Children and Young Adults (NLSY79 CY) was used. A total of 2983 young adults were selected for the final sample. Logistic Regression Analysis and Ordinary Linear Regression were conducted to examine the research questions. Young men were overall more likely than young women to engage in negative eating habits. The consumption of healthy foods, which included fruits and vegetables, had a significant inverse relationship with depression. An interaction effect was found, indicating that gender moderated the relationship between fruit consumption and depression among young adults. Young males need to be taught more about the importance of good eating habits. Eating more fruits and vegetables (healthy foods) is more important than avoiding fast food or soft drinks (unhealthy foods) for young adults' mental health. The gender differences in the effect of fruit consumption implies that increased fruit consumption may be critical to reduce young females' depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jennifer Allen
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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29
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Associations between different types and sources of dietary fibre intake and depressive symptoms in a general population of adults: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:1281-1290. [PMID: 32921321 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between dietary fibre (DF) intake and depressive symptoms in a general adult population in Tianjin, China. A total of 24 306 participants (mean age 41 years; range 18-91 years) were enrolled. DF intake was assessed using a validated self-administered FFQ. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Associations between DF intake and depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Socio-demographic, behavioural, health status and dietary factors were adjusted. In men, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles for total, soluble, vegetable and soya DF, OR for depressive symptoms in the highest were 0·83 (95 % CI 0·69, 0·99), 0·74 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·87), 0·79 (95 % CI 0·65, 0·96) and 0·69 (95 % CI 0·60, 0·81), respectively. In women, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles for vegetable and soya DF, the OR for depressive symptoms in the highest were 0·77 (95 % CI 0·64, 0·93) and 0·82 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·95), respectively. No association was found between total or soluble DF intake and depressive symptoms in women. No association was found between insoluble, cereal, fruit or tuber DF intake and depressive symptoms in men and women. Linear associations between DF intake and depressive symptoms were only detected for soya DF (men, β = -0·148, P < 0·0001; women, β = -0·069, P = 0·04). Results suggest that intake of soluble, vegetable and soya DF was inversely associated with depressive symptoms. These results should be confirmed through prospective and interventional studies.
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30
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Tsehay M, Girma S, Mamaru A, Abera M. Depression and association with diet diversity score among adolescent (14-19) students of Jimma town high school, Jimma, southwest Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jpmh-11-2020-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Dietary patterns are important for the physical and psychological development of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to determine magnitude and severity of depression and its relation with diet diversity score (DDS) among adolescent high school students.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 546 adolescents selected from schools using multistage sampling technique. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h dietary recall, and depression severity and prevalence were assessed by PHQ-9A. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Linear regression analysis was used, and unstandardized beta (ß) coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to determine the association of depression and its severity with dietary diversity score.
Findings
In all, 546 questionnaires were filled completely and consistently making a response rate of 97.3%. The dietary diversity score in 97 (17.8%) of the adolescents were between 1 and 3 (low dietary diversity score) but 259 (47.4%) scored greater than 6 (high dietary diversity score). Chi-square test revealed that with a decrease in DDS from highest to lowest level, the percentage of moderate to severe and severe depression slightly increased (3.4%). In addition, the percentage of moderate to severe and severe depression who consumed meat, fish and milk and dairy products slightly increased (3% and 3.2%). Multivariate adjusted regression analysis demonstrated that dietary diversity score was found to be inversely associated with depression severity and prevalence.
Originality/value
It was found that linear association between diet diversity and depression severity, and prevalence after adjustment for relevant con-founders. The study provided epidemiological evidence of a robust association of dietary pattern with depression symptoms' severity and prevalence in adolescents.
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31
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Dietary fibre intake and its associations with depressive symptoms in a prospective adolescent cohort. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:1166-1176. [PMID: 32878651 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a major cause of disability in adolescents. Higher dietary fibre intake has been associated with lower depressive symptoms in adults, but there is a lack of research in adolescents. We examined the association between dietary fibre intake (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) FFQ) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory for Youth) in adolescents with prospective data from the Raine Study Gen2 14- and 17-year follow-ups (n 1260 and 653). Odds of moderate/extreme (clinically relevant) depressive symptoms by quartile of fibre intake were calculated using mixed-effects logistic regression for all participants, in a paired sample without moderate/extreme depressive symptoms at 14 years and in a sub-sample of participants with available inflammatory data at the ages of 14 and 17 years (n 718 and 547). Odds of moderate/extreme depressive symptoms were lower in the fourth (highest) quartile of overall fibre intake (OR 0·273, 95 % CI 0·09, 0·81) compared with the first (lowest) quartile, adjusting for sex, age, energy intake, adiposity, and family and lifestyle factors. However, further adjustment for dietary patterns attenuated the results. Associations of depressive symptoms with cereal or fruit and vegetable fibre intake were not significant in the final model. Adjustment for inflammation had no effect on OR. The association between a higher dietary fibre intake and lower odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms may be more reflective of a high-fibre diet with all its accompanying nutrients than of an independent effect of fibre.
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32
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Wu Y, Zhang L, Li S, Zhang D. Associations of dietary vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 with the risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:351-366. [PMID: 33912967 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The results from epidemiologic studies on the intake of dietary vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12 and association with risk of developing depression have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the existing evidence and synthesize the results. DATA SOURCES The databases of Web of Science and PubMed were searched for relevant articles published in English until September 2020. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies that evaluated the associations between depression and dietary vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12 were included in this study. DATA EXTRACTION The job of data extraction was undertaken by 2 authors, and the pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model. RESULTS Thirteen articles related to 18 studies were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled RR (95% CI) of depression for the highest vs the lowest category of dietary vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12 was 0.69 (0.55-0.87), 0.77 (0.67-0.89), 0.81 (0.71-0.93), and 0.86 (0.75-0.99), respectively. The pooled RR (95% CI) of depression for the highest vs the lowest category of dietary vitamin B2 was 0.80 (0.64-0.99) in females and 0.83 (0.67-1.02) in males, for dietary vitamin B6 was 0.71 (0.59-0.86) in females and 0.92 (0.76-1.12) in males, and for dietary vitamin B12 was 0.79 (0.65-0.97) in females and 0.94 (0.77-1.15) in males. CONCLUSION This study suggested that the intake of dietary vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12 may be inversely associated with the risk of depression; the inverse associations observed between depression and intake of dietary vitamin B2, B6, and B12 were significant in females, but not in males. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wu
- Y. Wu, L. Zhang, S. Li, and D. Zhang are with the Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Y. Wu, L. Zhang, S. Li, and D. Zhang are with the Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Suyun Li
- Y. Wu, L. Zhang, S. Li, and D. Zhang are with the Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Y. Wu, L. Zhang, S. Li, and D. Zhang are with the Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the College of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Yuk Y, Han CR, Jang Y, Hong YC, Choi YJ. Association between weekly fruit and vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms: results from the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel study. Epidemiol Health 2021; 43:e2021029. [PMID: 33887820 PMCID: PMC8289474 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2021029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although previous studies have investigated the correlation between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression, the results remain inconclusive. The present study aimed to investigate the association between weekly fruit and vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms in elderly Koreans. METHODS A multiple covariate linear regression analysis was performed using the data of 1,226 elderly individuals ≥ 60 years of age who participated in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II study from 2012 to 2014. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Korean version of the Short form Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). Generalized linear mixed-effects models were constructed to analyze the repeated measurements of 305 people who participated in the survey every year. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, SGDS-K scores were negatively associated with the frequency of weekly fruit consumption as follows (β [95% confidence interval; CI]: -0.17 [-0.28 to -0.05], -0.17 [-0.27 to -0.07], -0.42 [-0.54 to 0.29], and -0.33 [-0.44 to -0.21]) for less than 1 time/wk, 1-3 times/wk, 4-6 times/wk, and daily, respectively, compared to no consumption. The SGDS-K scores were also negatively associated with the frequency of vegetable consumption (β [95% CI]: -0.86 [-1.18 to -0.55], -0.18 [-0.35 to -0.01], -0.36 [-0.53 to -0.18], and -0.15 [-0.29 to 0.00]) in the above order, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Fruit consumption was inversely associated with depression levels in a dose-dependent manner. Although there was no dose-response relationship between vegetable consumption and the level of depression, it was negatively associated with SGDS-K scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjeong Yuk
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae-Rin Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chen W, Faris MAIE, Bragazzi NL, AlGahtani HMS, Saif Z, Jahrami A, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Jahrami H. Diet-Related Inflammation is Associated with Major Depressive Disorder in Bahraini Adults: Results of a Case-Control Study Using the Dietary Inflammatory Index. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1437-1445. [PMID: 33883920 PMCID: PMC8055288 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s306315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This case-control study aimed to examine the association between the inflammation potential of the diet and depression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ninety-six patients with major depression disorder were matched with 96 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) scores were calculated based on the participants' responses to a detailed nutritional assessment using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive results were reported. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with E-DII scores and depression adjusting for covariates including age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, level of education, and employment. RESULTS The mean E-DII score of participants in the study was 1.32±1.08, indicating a generally pro-inflammatory diet. Patients with depression had elevated E-DII scores compared to age- and sex-matched controls with E-DII scores of 1.72± 1.09 vs 0.90±0.90, respectively (P=0.001). Results of logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with depression were nearly three times more likely to be in the extreme ends of pro-inflammatory diet (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.82-4.15). CONCLUSION Adult Bahraini patients with depression have higher dietary inflammation potential compared to the general population controls. Further research is needed to confirm these results and provide effective interventions to reduce the burden of this dietary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, 361000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mo’ez Al-Islam E Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haifa M S AlGahtani
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- Renewal and Reward Center, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Jahrami
- Bahraini Association for Intellectual Disabilities and Autism, Sanad, Bahrain
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
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35
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Rouhani P, Saghafian F, Hajishafiee M, Saneei P. Meta-analysis of dietary fiber intake and depression symptoms: Further analysis is required. Complement Ther Med 2021; 58:102686. [PMID: 33607216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Rouhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Saghafian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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36
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Dharmayani PNA, Juergens M, Allman-Farinelli M, Mihrshahi S. Association between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Depression Symptoms in Young People and Adults Aged 15-45: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E780. [PMID: 33477603 PMCID: PMC7831325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Higher consumption of fruit and vegetables has been associated with a lower risk of various chronic diseases including coronary heart disease, obesity, and certain cancers. Recently, fruit and vegetable intake has also been linked with mental health, including depression; however, this area is largely unexplored studies in young people and adults. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and depressive symptoms in young people and adults aged 15-45. The review used a predefined protocol registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (ID no: CRD42018091642). The systematic review focused on peer-reviewed cohort studies published from 1 January 2000 to 31 August 2020 using searches of six electronic databases. The exposure was fruit and vegetable consumption analysed both separately and/or together, and the outcome was depression or depressive symptoms. Data from eligible studies were extracted according to predefined criteria and the studies were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies to evaluate for study quality and risk of bias. A total of 12 studies from seven countries were deemed eligible and included in the qualitative synthesis, one study was categorised as "very good" quality, nine studies were "good" quality, and two studies were "moderate" quality by the quality assessment based on the total score for the NOS. The majority of cohort studies support the evidence that fruit consumption is associated with decreased risk of developing depression. However, the inconsistent results were observed when the effects of vegetable consumption were analysed independently, and the effects of fruit and vegetables combined were analysed. Despite this, the evidence seems to be building that a possible association exists, and this may have implications for addressing the burden of mental illness in young people and adults aged 15-45 years. More well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed to provide more robust evidence on the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
| | - Melissa Juergens
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (M.J.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Margaret Allman-Farinelli
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (M.J.); (M.A.-F.)
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney Medical School & Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney Medical School & Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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37
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Nouri Saeidlou S, Kiani A, Ayremlou P. Association between Dietary Patterns and Major Depression in Adult Females: A Case-Control Study. J Res Health Sci 2021; 21:e00506. [PMID: 34024764 PMCID: PMC8957692 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2021.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns and major depression in adult females.
Study design: A case-control study.
Methods: This study was conducted on adult females suffering from major depression within the age range from 19 to 65 years. The total participants of this study included 170 cases and 340 controls. Dietary intakes were collected using a 168-item validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Household food security was measured using a locally adapted Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Moreover, the depression status of the adult females was assessed through a validated "Beck" questionnaire. Logistic regression was utilized to assess the association between dietary pattern scores and depression.
Results: The mean ±SD ages of the participants were 36.97 ±11.28 and 36.07 ±10.58 years in the case and control groups, respectively (P=0.374), and five major dietary patterns were extracted in this study. The odds ratio (OR) in the last adjusted model was (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.81); therefore, the "Healthy pattern" was significantly inversely associated with the odds of depression. Adherence to the "Western pattern" significantly increased depression by 29% (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.59). Furthermore, the "Traditional pattern" was positively associated with depression (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.43). There was no significant association between "Sugar and fast food" and "red meat and oils" dietary pattern and depression.
Conclusions: Healthy dietary pattern reduces the risk of depression in adult females; however, the western and traditional dietary patterns increases this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Arezou Kiani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Parvin Ayremlou
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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38
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Chopra C, Mandalika S, Kinger N. Does diet play a role in the prevention and management of depression among adolescents? A narrative review. Nutr Health 2021; 27:243-263. [PMID: 33416032 DOI: 10.1177/0260106020980532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the major causes of illness and disability, while suicide is the second leading cause of death amongst adolescents. Although many factors determine the mental health of an individual, diet has been gaining popularity as a key modifiable factor in the prevention and management of depression. Nutritional Psychiatry is an emerging field where researchers suggest that the food we consume influences our mental well-being. AIM This review aims to explore the significance of diet, nutrient deficiencies, imbalances, and unhealthy dietary patterns in the prevention and management of unipolar depression or major depressive disorder among adolescents. METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and MEDLINE were searched using keywords such as "mental health," "depression," "adolescents," "diet," "dietary pattern," and pertinent articles (N = 68) were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS The Mediterranean and traditional diets rich in complex carbohydrates, omega-3 fatty acids, B-group vitamins and several amino acids have shown negative correlation with the incidence of depression. On the other hand, Western dietary patterns (sweetened beverages, processed/ junk food, and foods rich in saturated fatty acids), along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been linked to an increased risk of depression among adolescents. CONCLUSION Dietary modification can prove to be a cost-effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of depression among adolescents. Diet and nutrition need to be recognized as key modifiable targets for the prevention of mental disorders and nutritional medicine should be considered as an integral part of psychiatric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Chopra
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, 271467College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), New Marine Lines, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhadra Mandalika
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, 271467College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), New Marine Lines, Maharashtra, India
| | - Narendra Kinger
- 81727Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Girgaon, Maharashtra, India
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Saghafian F, Sharif N, Saneei P, Keshteli AH, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Consumption of Dietary Fiber in Relation to Psychological Disorders in Adults. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:587468. [PMID: 34248690 PMCID: PMC8264187 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.587468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous observational studies suggested a relationship between dietary fiber consumption and mental health, but the findings were conflicting. We evaluated the link between dietary fiber intake and prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among a large population of Iranian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 3,362 Iranian adults working in 50 health centers was done. Data of dietary intakes were collected through a validated semiquantitative dish-based 106-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were defined based on the Iranian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of total dietary fiber intake had a 33% and 29% lower risk of anxiety and high psychological distress [odds ratio (OR): 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.95 and OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.94, respectively] compared to the bottom quartile of intake. The highest total dietary fiber intake was also inversely related to a lower risk of depression in women (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88) but not in men. Among overweight or obese participants, higher intake of dietary fiber was related to a decreased risk of high psychological distress (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79). A high level of dietary fiber intake was related to a lower risk of anxiety in normal-weight individuals (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.80). Conclusion: Significant inverse associations between total dietary fiber intake with anxiety and high psychological distress were found in Iranian adults. More consumption of dietary fiber was also related to reduced odds of depression in women. More investigations with prospective nature are needed to affirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Saghafian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sharif
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Lu C, Chi X, Liang K, Chen ST, Huang L, Guo T, Jiao C, Yu Q, Veronese N, Soares FC, Grabovac I, Yeung A, Zou L. Moving More and Sitting Less as Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors are Protective Factors for Insomnia, Depression, and Anxiety Among Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 13:1223-1233. [PMID: 33364864 PMCID: PMC7751784 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s284103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate associations of physical activity time (PAT) and sitting time (ST) independently and jointly with insomnia, depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents in the context of COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional study including 965 adolescents (mean age = 15.26, SD = 0.46) was conducted in May 2020. PAT, ST and the symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, the Youth Self-Rating Insomnia Scales, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale via an online survey platform. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between COVID-19-related fear, PAT, ST and combinations of PAT and ST with insomnia, depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS COVID-19-related fear was associated with higher odds of insomnia, depressive and anxiety symptoms. PAT was associated with lower odds of insomnia and depressive symptoms, while ST was associated with higher odds of these three symptoms. After combining PAT and ST, the group with both low PAT and high ST was set as the referent. For insomnia, groups with low ST reported significantly lower odds of symptoms. For depression, groups with high PAT and/or low ST reported lower odds of symptoms. Regarding anxiety, only the group with both high PAT and low ST reported lower odds of symptoms. Generally, group with both high PAT and low ST reported lower odds of the three symptoms than the referent. CONCLUSION COVID-19-related fear was a risk factor for developing insomnia, depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Fortunately, moving more and sitting less were good for sleep and mental health in Chinese adolescents during the pandemic. Educators should help adolescents to be more physically active in their daily life in the primary prevention of adolescent insomnia, depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Lu
- The Greater Bay Area Institute of Educational Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinli Chi
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Liang
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne8001, Australia
| | - Liuyue Huang
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyou Guo
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Can Jiao
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Wien1090, Austria
| | - Albert Yeung
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA02114, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, People’s Republic of China
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Davison J, Stewart-Knox B, Connolly P, Lloyd K, Dunne L, Bunting B. Exploring the association between mental wellbeing, health-related quality of life, family affluence and food choice in adolescents. Appetite 2020; 158:105020. [PMID: 33171225 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Young people choose energy-dense, nutrient-poor diets, yet understanding of potential determinants is limited. Associations between food choices, mental wellbeing, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and family affluence were explored to identify targets for intervention to promote dietary health and wellbeing in young people. Adolescents were recruited via post-primary schools in the UK and surveyed at two time-points when aged 13-14 years and 15-16 years. The questionnaire enquired about mental wellbeing using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, HRQoL using the KIDSCREEN-10, socio-economic status using the Family Affluence Scale and food choice by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). With missing and anomalous cases excluded, the sample comprised 1208 cases. Factor analysis on the FFQ indicated five food choice factors: 'Junk Food'; 'Meat'; 'Healthy Protein'; 'Fruit/Vegetables'; 'Bread/Dairy'. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that frequent consumption of Junk Food was associated with being male and lower mental wellbeing. Frequent Meat intake was associated with being male and with lower HRQoL. Frequent choice of Bread/Dairy foods was more common among males and associated with higher wellbeing and greater affluence. Those who consumed Fruit/Vegetables frequently were more likely to be female, have higher HRQoL, higher mental wellbeing, and greater family affluence. These direct associations endured between time points. The dietary factors were not mutually exclusive. Those who frequently chose Junk Food were less likely to choose Fruit/Vegetables. Frequent choice of Meat was associated with more frequent choice of Junk Food and Healthy Protein. Intervention to improve dietary and psychological health in young people should target males, those in less affluent households, seek to reduce consumption of 'junk' food, and increase fruit and vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Davison
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Barbara Stewart-Knox
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Paul Connolly
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Lancaster University, FASS Building, Lancaster, LA1 4YL, UK
| | - Katrina Lloyd
- Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Laura Dunne
- Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Brendan Bunting
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
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Darooghegi Mofrad M, Mozaffari H, Sheikhi A, Zamani B, Azadbakht L. The association of red meat consumption and mental health in women: A cross-sectional study. Complement Ther Med 2020; 56:102588. [PMID: 33197663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that red meat consumption has beneficial effects on health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between red meat consumption and depression, anxiety and psychological distress in Tehrani women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 482 women aged 20-50 years old referred to the health centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The usual dietary intake was evaluated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire containing 168 items that its validity and reliability were approved previously. The red meat category was defined as the sum of red meats (beef, lamb), and organ meats (beef liver, kidney, and heart, ruminant meat). Psychological disorders were assessed using a validated Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaires with 21-items. In the logistic regression analysis, the results were adjusted to the confounding factors. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 31.87 ± 7.6 years. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety and psychological distress among participants was 34%, 40% and 42%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, women in the highest quartile of red meat had a highest prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.32-4.76; p = 0.002), anxiety (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.00-3.29; p = 0.034) and stress (OR: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.88-6.42; p < 0.001) compared with those in the lowest quartile. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant association between red meat intake and mental health in women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali Sheikhi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Zamani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran.
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Matta J, Hoertel N, Airagnes G, Czernichow S, Kesse-Guyot E, Limosin F, Goldberg M, Zins M, Lemogne C. Dietary Restrictions and Depressive Symptoms: Longitudinal Results from the Constances Cohort. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092700. [PMID: 32899666 PMCID: PMC7551036 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-sectional results have suggested a linear association between the number of dietary exclusions and depressive symptoms. This longitudinal study aimed to examine the direction of this association. Methods: In the population-based Constances cohort, depressive symptoms were defined by a score ≥19 on the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Diet was measured with a 24-item qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Both variables were available at inclusion (from 2012 to 2014) and on follow-up (2015 for the CES-D and 2017 for diet). Food exclusion was categorized into five different groups: No exclusion, exclusion of one, two, three, or ≥4 food groups according to the self-reported number of food groups rarely or never consumed. Logistic regressions were conducted, either taking depressive symptoms as the outcome on follow-up with dietary exclusions at baseline as predictor or with the opposite, adjusting for age, sex, education, income, alcohol intake, smoking, physical activity, and anemia. The path analysis included outcomes and covariates in one model. Results: The median follow-up was three years. A total of 29,337 participants (53.4% women, 48.15 ± 12.9 y.o.) had complete CES-D data and 25,356 (53.56% women, 49.05 ± 12.8 y.o.) FFQ data. Dietary exclusion at inclusion predicted depressive symptoms at follow-up (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.35 [1.62–3.40] for ≥4 excluded items compared to no exclusions). Depressive symptoms at inclusion predicted dietary exclusions at follow-up (3.45 [1.93–6.16] for ≥4 excluded items). In the path analysis, the standardized estimate of the association between dietary exclusions at inclusion and depressive symptoms at follow-up was by far higher than the opposite (0.1863 and 0.00189, respectively, both p < 0.05). Conclusions: The association of dietary exclusion with subsequent depression is stronger than the opposite association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joane Matta
- Inserm, Cohortes Epidémiologiques en Population, UMS 011, 94800 Villejuif, France; (G.A.); (M.G.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; (N.H.); (S.C.); (F.L.); (C.L.)
- Service de Psychiatrie et d’Addictologie de l’adulte et du sujet âgé, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR_S1266, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Airagnes
- Inserm, Cohortes Epidémiologiques en Population, UMS 011, 94800 Villejuif, France; (G.A.); (M.G.); (M.Z.)
- Centre Ambulatoire d’Addictologie, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Czernichow
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; (N.H.); (S.C.); (F.L.); (C.L.)
- Dép artement de Nutrition, Centre Spécialisé Obésité IdF, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord Université, Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center—Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France;
| | - Frederic Limosin
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; (N.H.); (S.C.); (F.L.); (C.L.)
- Service de Psychiatrie et d’Addictologie de l’adulte et du sujet âgé, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR_S1266, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- Inserm, Cohortes Epidémiologiques en Population, UMS 011, 94800 Villejuif, France; (G.A.); (M.G.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marie Zins
- Inserm, Cohortes Epidémiologiques en Population, UMS 011, 94800 Villejuif, France; (G.A.); (M.G.); (M.Z.)
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; (N.H.); (S.C.); (F.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; (N.H.); (S.C.); (F.L.); (C.L.)
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR_S1266, 75014 Paris, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’adulte, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France
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Rice J, Ramtekkar U. Integrative Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Youth Prescribed Second-Generation Antipsychotics. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:medsci8030034. [PMID: 32824428 PMCID: PMC7564042 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Weight gain and metabolic syndrome are common side effects of second-generation antipsychotics and carry significant health consequences both in childhood and into adulthood. This review highlights evidence-based, non-pharmacologic interventions to assist in the management of these side effects. Such intervention categories include dietary, physical activity, sleep, stress management, and nutritional supplementation. Interventions with the highest quality evidence include increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, increasing physical activity, improving sleep, and fish oil supplementation. We suggest that clinicians work with patients on managing metabolic side effects in a patient-centered way, incorporating principles of motivational interviewing, to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Ujjwal Ramtekkar
- Partners for Kids, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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45
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Swann OG, Kilpatrick M, Breslin M, Oddy WH. Dietary fiber and its associations with depression and inflammation. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:394-411. [PMID: 31750916 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber is a crucial component of a healthy diet, with benefits that can be attributed to processes in the gut microbiota and the resulting by-products. Observational studies support associations between dietary fiber intake and depression and inflammation, but the potential mechanisms are poorly understood. This review examines evidence of the effects of dietary fiber on depression and inflammation and considers plausible mechanisms linking dietary fiber and depression, including microbiota-driven modification of gene expression and increased production of neurotransmitters. Additionally, inflammation may mediate the relationship between dietary fiber intake and depression. A high-fiber diet potentially lowers inflammation by modifying both the pH and the permeability of the gut. The resultant reduction in inflammatory compounds may alter neurotransmitter concentrations to reduce symptoms of depression. Further research into the link between dietary fiber intake and inflammation and depression is essential, as findings could potentially provide guidance for improvement in or prevention of inflammatory and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia G Swann
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michelle Kilpatrick
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Monique Breslin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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46
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Campisi SC, Zasowski C, Shah S, Shah A, Bradley-Ridout G, Korczak DJ, Szatmari P. Assessing the Evidence of Micronutrients on Depression among Children and Adolescents: An Evidence Gap Map. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:908-927. [PMID: 32193537 PMCID: PMC7360446 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is some evidence indicating that nutrition may have the ability to prevent, treat, and/or influence the severity of depression. The aims of this evidence gap map (EGM) are to provide an overview and to determine evidence gaps in the existing research on micronutrients and their impact on depression among children and adolescents. We conducted a comprehensive search in multiple databases of primary and secondary literature assessing the impact of micronutrients on depression-related outcomes such as unipolar depression, major depressive disorders, dysthymia, acute depression, and mood disorders. Abstracts and full-text articles were dual-screened based on predefined eligibility criteria. A total of 30 primary research publications were included in the EGM. About 47% of included studies focused on late adolescents (15-19 y), ∼40% on early adolescents (10-14 y), and ∼13% on children aged 6-9 y. Among the included studies, 8 studies examined a single micronutrient intervention and 22 studies examined micronutrient concentrations (either intake or serum), and their impact on depression. The most frequently studied micronutrients were vitamin D (n = 8), zinc (n = 8), iron (n = 6), folate (n = 7), and vitamin B-12 (n = 5). More longitudinal studies and trials are needed to determine the role of micronutrients in the etiology and treatment of depression among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Campisi
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Clare Zasowski
- School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Faculty of Community Service, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shailja Shah
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, Canada
| | - Ashka Shah
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
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Szabo de Edelenyi F, Philippe C, Druesne-Pecollo N, Naudon L, Rabot S, Hercberg S, Latino-Martel P, Kesse-Guyot E, Galan P. Depressive symptoms, fruit and vegetables consumption and urinary 3-indoxylsulfate concentration: a nested case-control study in the French Nutrinet-Sante cohort. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1059-1069. [PMID: 32588216 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous epidemiologic studies have provided some evidence of an inverse association between fruit and vegetables consumption and risk of developing recurrent depressive symptoms. This association could possibly be explained by the role of such dietary factors on the gut microbiota. Especially, indole, a metabolite of tryptophan produced by gut bacteria, may be associated with the development of mood disorders. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between fruit and vegetables intake, recurrent depressive symptoms and indole, using measurement of its main urinary excretion form, i.e., 3-indoxylsulfate, as a biomarker. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted in 891 women (aged 45-65) participating to the web-based NutriNet-Santé cohort with available dietary data and biological samples. Cases (individuals with recurrent depressive symptoms, n = 297) were defined as having two Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) scores ≥ 16 during the follow-up and were matched with 2 controls having two CES-D scores < 16. Urinary 3-indoxylsulfate concentration was measured as a biomarker of indole production by the gut microbiota. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to test the association of both fruit and vegetables consumption and urine 3-indoxylsulfate measurements with recurrent depressive symptoms. We also tested the association between fruit and vegetables consumption and urinary 3-indoxylsulfate levels using multivariate analysis of variance models. RESULTS We found a significant inverse association between fruit and vegetables consumption and the risk of having recurrent depressive symptoms over a 2-year period. Fruit and vegetables consumption was inversely associated to urinary 3-indoxylsulfate concentration. However, no significant association was observed between urinary 3-indoxylsulfate levels and recurrent depressive symptoms within this sample. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that low fruit and vegetables consumption could be associated with recurrent depressive symptoms. We also found an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and urinary levels of 3-indoxylsulfate. However, it is not possible to conclude to a possible mediation role of the indole produced by the gut microbiota from tryptophan, since there was no relationship between 3-indoxylsulfate and recurrent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Szabo de Edelenyi
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France.
| | - Catherine Philippe
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Laurent Naudon
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inserm U1153, INRAE U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France
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Lee HS, Chao HH, Huang WT, Chen SCC, Yang HY. Psychiatric disorders risk in patients with iron deficiency anemia and association with iron supplementation medications: a nationwide database analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:216. [PMID: 32393355 PMCID: PMC7216322 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is associated with psychosocial consequences and psychiatric morbidity. However, the association between adults with IDA and psychiatric disorders has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychiatric disorder morbidity of an IDA group in comparison with a non-IDA group and to examine the risk of psychiatric disorders in IDA patients treated with iron supplementation. METHODS All study subjects were 20 years of age or over with newly diagnosed IDA enrolled in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database from 2000 to 2012. We matched IDA and non-IDA subjects according to age and gender in a 1:2 ratio. Our primary outcome was diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and the patients were monitored until the end of 2013. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore the risk of psychiatric disorders in patients with IDA after adjustment for confounders, including demographic characteristics and comorbidities. RESULTS The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of psychiatric disorders was 1.52 (95% CI = 1.45-1.59) in the IDA group compared with the non-IDA group. Among the different types of psychiatric disorders, the IDA group was associated with significantly higher incidence and risks of anxiety disorders, depression, sleep disorders, and psychotic disorders (p < 0.05). Furthermore, iron supplementation in IDA subjects was associated with a significantly lower risk of psychiatric disorders compared to non-iron supplementation in IDA patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that IDA subjects had an increased risk of psychiatric disorders, regardless of other confounders. In IDA patients, iron supplementation was associated with a decreased risk of psychiatric disorders. Moreover, IDA patients receiving iron supplementation also had a lower risk of sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herng-Sheng Lee
- grid.415011.00000 0004 0572 9992Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 813 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hao Chao
- grid.413878.10000 0004 0572 9327Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan Chia-Yi City, 600 Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- grid.413878.10000 0004 0572 9327Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, No. 539, Zhongxiao Rd., East District, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan 60002
| | - Solomon Chih-Cheng Chen
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, No. 539, Zhongxiao Rd., East District, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan, 60002.
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49
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Association between dietary protein intake and the risk of depressive symptoms in adults. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:1290-1301. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDepression is an important public health problem. The aim of the study is to explore the associations of total protein intake and protein sources with the risk of depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 2007–2014. Dietary protein intake was obtained from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were used to estimate the associations of total protein intake (g/kg per d) and protein sources with the risk of depressive symptoms. A total of 17 845 individuals aged 18 years and older were included in this study. Total protein intake was inversely associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. The full-adjusted OR of depressive symptoms was 0·34 (95 % CI 0·17, 0·68) for quartile (Q) 4 v. Q1 of total protein intake. For protein intake from milk and milk products, the association with depressive symptoms was significant both for Q2 v. Q1 (OR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·93) and Q3 v. Q1 (OR 0·37; 95 % CI 0·24, 0·59) in the full-adjusted model. In the dose–response analysis, the shape of the associations of total protein intake and protein intake from milk and milk products with the risk of depressive symptoms was approximately L-shaped and U-shaped, respectively. The present study demonstrated that total protein intake and protein intake from milk and milk products might reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in US adults.
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50
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Wu MN, He F, Tang QR, Chen J, Gu X, Zhai YJ, Li FD, Zhang T, Wang XY, Lin JF. Association between Depressive Symptoms and Supplemental intake of Calcium and Vitamin D in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:107-112. [PMID: 31886816 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We explored the associations between depressive symptoms and supplemental calcium and vitamin D intake in older adults. DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS 8,527 older adults aged ≥60 years from Zhejiang Major Public Health Surveillance Program (ZPHS) without depressive symptoms at baseline survey. MEASUREMENTS Participants were divided into non-supplementation, calcium (Ca), vitamin D, and calcium plus vitamin D (CaD) groups based on their supplemental intake during the past year. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and supplemental intake. RESULTS When compared to the non-supplementation group, the Ca group exhibited a significant odds ratio (OR) of 0.731 (95% CI: 0.552-0.967, P=0.028). After adjusting for age, sex, and Ca food sources, the OR was even smaller for the CaD group (OR: 0.326; 95% CI: 0.119-0.889, P=0.029). Additionally, our results indicated that taking Ca supplements ≥4 days/week yielded a significant OR of 0.690 (95% CI: 0.492-0.968) after full adjustment. Taking CaD supplements ≥4 days/week yielded a significant OR of 0.282 (95% CI: 0.089-0.898) after adjusting for age, sex, and Ca food sources. CONCLUSIONS Supplemental intake of Ca or CaD ≥4 days/week can decrease the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults, although CaD supplements may be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Wu
- Junfen Lin, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China, , Tel: +86 57187115131, Fax: +86 0571 87115278
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