1
|
Niu Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chai L, Wang H. Impairment of bile acid metabolism and altered composition by lead and copper in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165901. [PMID: 37524187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are two common heavy metal contaminants in environments, and liver is recognized as one of the main target organs for toxicity of Pb and Cu in animal organisms. Bile acids play a critical role in regulating hepatic metabolic homeostasis by activating farnesoid X receptor (Fxr). However, there were few studies on the interactions between bile acids and liver pathology caused by heavy metals. In this work, the histopathological changes, targeted metabolome and transcriptome responses in the liver of Bufo gargarizans tadpoles to Pb and/or Cu were examined. We found that exposure to Pb and/or Cu altered the hepatic bile acid profile, resulting in increased hydrophobicity and toxicity of the bile acid pool. And the expression of genes involved in bile acid metabolism and their downstream signaling pathways in the liver were significantly altered by Pb and/or Cu exposure. The alteration of bile acid profiles and the expression of genes related to bile acid metabolism might induce oxidative stress and inflammation, ultimately inducing hepatocyte injury observed in the histological sections. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide histological, biochemical, and molecular evidence for establishing the link between Pb and Cu exposure, disturbances in hepatic bile acid metabolism, and liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Niu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yutian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Lira-Sánchez JA, Esparza-Perusquía M, Martínez F, Pardo JP, Flores-Herrera O. Heavy metals do not induce ROS production by mitochondrial respirasome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148999. [PMID: 37516232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A de Lira-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Federico Martínez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan P Pardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Oscar Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Korotkov SM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Is the General Reason for Apoptosis Induced by Different-Valence Heavy Metals in Cells and Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14459. [PMID: 37833908 PMCID: PMC10572412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the causes and consequences of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress that occurs in mitochondria and cells exposed to the toxic effects of different-valence heavy metals (Ag+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, As3+, Sb3+, Cr6+, and U6+). The problems of the relationship between the integration of these toxic metals into molecular mechanisms with the subsequent development of pathophysiological processes and the appearance of diseases caused by the accumulation of these metals in the body are also addressed in this review. Such apoptosis is characterized by a reduction in cell viability, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2), and the activation of protein kinases (ERK, JNK, p53, and p38) by mitogens. Moreover, the oxidative stress manifests as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, a decline in the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and reduced glutathione and oxygen consumption as well as cytoplasm and matrix calcium overload due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The apoptosis and respiratory dysfunction induced by these metals are discussed regarding their interaction with cellular and mitochondrial thiol groups and Fe2+ metabolism disturbance. Similarities and differences in the toxic effects of Tl+ from those of other heavy metals under review are discussed. Similarities may be due to the increase in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration induced by Tl+ and these metals. One difference discussed is the failure to decrease Tl+ toxicity through metallothionein-dependent mechanisms. Another difference could be the decrease in reduced glutathione in the matrix due to the reversible oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ near the centers of ROS generation in the respiratory chain. The latter may explain why thallium toxicity to humans turned out to be higher than the toxicity of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Belyaeva EA. Modulators of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel affect cytotoxicity of heavy metals: Action on isolated rat liver mitochondria and AS-30D ascites hepatoma cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114829. [PMID: 36989557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that are extremely dangerous for public health, but the molecular mechanisms of their cytotoxic action are still not fully understood. In the present work, the possible contribution of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mK(ATP)), which is usually considered protective for the cell, to hepatotoxicity caused by heavy metals was investigated using polarography and swelling techniques as well as flow cytometry. Using isolated liver mitochondria from adult male Wistar rats and various potassium media containing or not containing penetrating anions (KNO3, KSCN, KAcet, KCl), we studied the effect of mK(ATP) modulators, namely its blockers (5-hydroxydecanoate, glibenclamide, ATP, ADP) and activators (diazoxide, malonate), on respiration and/or membrane permeability in the presence of hepatotoxins such as Cd2+, Hg2+, and Cu2+. It has been shown for the first time that, contrary to Hg2+ and depending on media used, the mK(ATP) modulators affect Cd2+- and/or Cu2+-induced alterations in mitochondrial swelling and respiration rates, although differently, nevertheless, in the ways compatible with mK(ATP) participation in both these cases. On rat AS-30D ascites hepatoma cells, it was found that, unlike Cd2+, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species was observed with the simultaneous use of Cu2+ and diazoxide; in addition, there was no protective effect of diazoxide against cell death, which also occurred in the presence of Cu2+. In conclusion, the relationships (functional, structural and/or regulatory) between mK(ATP), components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (CI, CII-CIII and/or ATP synthase, CV) and mitochondrial permeability transition pores were discussed, as well as the role of these molecular structures in the mechanisms of the cytotoxic action of heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Belyaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, Thorez av. 44, 194223, St.-Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brix KV, De Boeck G, Baken S, Fort DJ. Adverse Outcome Pathways for Chronic Copper Toxicity to Fish and Amphibians. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:2911-2927. [PMID: 36148934 PMCID: PMC9828004 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present review, we synthesize information on the mechanisms of chronic copper (Cu) toxicity using an adverse outcome pathway framework and identify three primary pathways for chronic Cu toxicity: disruption of sodium homeostasis, effects on bioenergetics, and oxidative stress. Unlike acute Cu toxicity, disruption of sodium homeostasis is not a driving mechanism of chronic toxicity, but compensatory responses in this pathway contribute to effects on organism bioenergetics. Effects on bioenergetics clearly contribute to chronic Cu toxicity with impacts at multiple lower levels of biological organization. However, quantitatively translating these impacts into effects on apical endpoints such as growth, amphibian metamorphosis, and reproduction remains elusive and requires further study. Copper-induced oxidative stress occurs in most tissues of aquatic vertebrates and is clearly a significant driver of chronic Cu toxicity. Although antioxidant responses and capacities differ among tissues, there is no clear indication that specific tissues are more sensitive than others to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress leads to increased apoptosis and cellular damage in multiple tissues, including some that contribute to bioenergetic effects. This also includes oxidative damage to tissues involved in neuroendocrine axes and this damage likely alters the normal function of these tissues. Importantly, Cu-induced changes in hormone concentrations and gene expression in endocrine-mediated pathways such as reproductive steroidogenesis and amphibian metamorphosis are likely the result of oxidative stress-induced tissue damage and not endocrine disruption. Overall, we conclude that oxidative stress is likely the primary driver of chronic Cu toxicity in aquatic vertebrates, with bioenergetic effects and compensatory response to disruption of sodium homeostasis contributing to some degree to observed effects on apical endpoints. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2911-2927. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V. Brix
- EcoToxMiamiFloridaUSA
- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Sciences, Department of Marine Biology and EcologyUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan L, Wang WX. Bioimaging revealed contrasting organelle-specific transport of copper and zinc and implication for toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 299:118891. [PMID: 35077835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zn and Cu are two of the essential trace elements and it is important to understand the regulation of their distribution on cellular functions. Herein, we for the first time investigated the subcellular fate and behavior of Zn and Cu in zebrafish cells through bioimaging, and demonstrated the completely different behaviors of Zn and Cu. The distribution of Zn2+ was concentration-dependent, and Zn2+ at low concentration was predominantly located in the lysosomes (76.5%). A further increase of cellular Zn2+ resulted in a spillover and more diffusive distribution, with partitioning to mitochondria and other regions. In contrast, the subcellular distribution of Cu+ was time-dependent. Upon entering the cells, Cu2+ was reduced to Cu+, which was first concentrated in the mitochondria (71.4%) followed by transportation to lysosomes (58.6%), and finally removal from the cell. With such differential transportation, Cu2+ instead of Zn2+ had a negative effect on the mitochondrial membrane potential and glutathione. Correspondingly, the pH of lysosomes was more sensitive to Zn2+ exposure and decreased with increasing internalized Zn2+, whereas it increased upon Cu2+ exposure. The responses of cellular pH showed an opposite pattern from the lysosomal pH. Lysosome was the most critical organelle in response to incoming Zn2+ by increasing its number and size, whereas Cu2+ reduced the lysosome size. Our study showed that Zn2+ and Cu2+ had completely different cellular handlings and fates with important implications for understanding of their toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuliang Yuan
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun Q, Li Y, Shi L, Hussain R, Mehmood K, Tang Z, Zhang H. Heavy metals induced mitochondrial dysfunction in animals: Molecular mechanism of toxicity. Toxicology 2022; 469:153136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
8
|
Alshehri AS, El-Kott AF, El-Gerbed MSA, El-Kenawy AE, Albadrani GM, Khalifa HS. Kaempferol prevents cadmium chloride-induced liver damage by upregulating Nrf2 and suppressing NF-κB and keap1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:13917-13929. [PMID: 34599712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective effect of kaempferol, a natural flavonoid, against cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced liver damage and examined the possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms of protection. Adult male rats were divided into 4 groups (each of 8 rats) as control, kaempferol (50 mg/kg/day orally), CdCl2 (15 ppm/day), and CdCl2 (15 ppm/day) + kaempferol (50 mg/kg/day). All treatments were given for 30 days. With no effect on attenuating the reduced food intake, kaempferol significantly increased body weight and lowered serum levels of liver injury markers including bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 (γ-GTT1) in the CdCl2-treated rats. It also restored normal liver architectures, prevented hepatocyte, loss, and swelling and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. These effects were associated with a reduction in mitochondrial permeability transition pore, as well as in the expression of cytochrome-c and cleaved caspase-3, markers of mitochondrial damage, and intrinsic cell death. In both the control positive and CdCl2-treated rats, kaempferol significantly lowered the hepatic levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukine-6 (IL-6), and the nuclear activity and localization of NF-κB p65. Besides, kaempferol significantly increased the hepatic total and nuclear levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1, as well as levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) but reduced the cytoplasmic protein levels of keap1. In conclusion, the protective effect of kaempferol against CdCl2-induced hepatic damage is mediated by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects driven by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 axis and suppressing the NF-κB p65 and keap1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S A El-Gerbed
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Kenawy
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba S Khalifa
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Transport and Toxicity of Methylmercury-Cysteine in Cultured BeWo Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010394. [PMID: 35008820 PMCID: PMC8745507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is a heavy metal toxicant that is prevalent throughout the environment. Organic forms of mercury, such as methylmercury (MeHg), can cross the placenta and can lead to lasting detrimental effects in the fetus. The toxicological effects of MeHg on the placenta itself have not been clearly defined. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to assess the transport of MeHg into placental syncytiotrophoblasts and to characterize the mechanisms by which MeHg exerts its toxic effects. Cultured placental syncytiotrophoblasts (BeWo) were used for these studies. The transport of radioactive MeHg was measured to identify potential mechanisms involved in the uptake of this compound. The toxicological effects of MeHg on BeWo cells were determined by assessing visible pathological change, autophagy, mitochondrial viability, and oxidative stress. The findings of this study suggest that MeHg compounds are transported into BeWo cells primarily by sodium-independent amino acid carriers and organic anion transporters. The MeHg altered mitochondrial function and viability, decreased mitophagy and autophagy, and increased oxidative stress. Exposure to higher concentrations of MeHg inhibited the ability of cells to protect against MeHg-induced injury. The findings show that MeHg is directly toxic to syncytiotrophoblasts and may lead to disruptions in the fetal/maternal transfer of nutrients and wastes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuan L, Shi X, Tang BZ, Wang WX. Real-time in vitro monitoring of the subcellular toxicity of inorganic Hg and methylmercury in zebrafish cells. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105859. [PMID: 34004410 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a prominent environmental contaminant and can cause various subcellular effects. Elucidating the different subcellular toxicities of inorganic Hg (Hg2+) and methylmercury (MeHg) is critical for understanding their overall cytotoxicity. In this study, we employed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes to investigate the toxicity of Hg at the subcellular level using an aquatic embryonic zebrafish fibroblast cell line ZF4 as a model. The dynamic monitoring of lysosomal pH and the mapping of pH distribution during Hg2+ or MeHg exposure were successfully realized for the first time. We found that both Hg2+ and MeHg decreased the mean lysosomal pH, but with contrasting effects and mechanisms. Hg2+ had a greater impact on lysosomal pH than MeHg at a similar intracellular concentration. In addition, Hg2+ in comparison to MeHg exposure led to an increased number of lysosomes, probably because of their different effects on autophagy. We further showed that MeHg (200 nM) exposure had an inverse effect on mitochondrial respiratory function. A high dose (1000 nM) of Hg2+ increased the amount of intracellular lipid droplets by 13%, indicating that lipid droplets may potentially play a role in Hg2+detoxification. Our study suggested that, compared with other parameters, lysosome pH was most sensitive to Hg2+ and MeHg. Therefore, lysosomal pH can be used as a potential biomarker to assess the cellular toxicity of Hg in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuliang Yuan
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xue J, Xie L, Liu B, Zhou L, Hu Y, Ajuwon KM, Fang R. Dietary Supplementation of EGF Ameliorates the Negatively Effects of LPS on Early-Weaning Piglets: From Views of Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Microelement Absorption and Possible Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061598. [PMID: 34071588 PMCID: PMC8227379 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aims to investigate how epidermal growth factor (EGF) attenuates the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, microelement absorption of early-weaned pigs. A total of 48 early weaned piglets were randomly distributed to four groups consisting of a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors were the level of LPS (HLPS = high LPS: 100 μg/kg body weight; ZLPS = low LPS: 0 μg/kg body weight) and EGF (HEGF = high EGF: 2 mg/kg diet; ZEGF = low EGF: 0 mg/kg diet). Each group had four replicates and each replicate consisted of three piglets. The results showed that HLPS level decreased the growth performance and the apparent digestibility of crude fat, while HEGF level increased the average daily feed intake. The concentration of most microelements in the gastrointestinal tract chyme and feces were increased by HLPS level and decreased by HEGF level. The expression levels of most microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues were decreased by HLPS level and increased by HEGF level. In conclusion, dietary EGF could attenuate the negative effect of LPS exposure on the apparent digestibility of crude fat and microelement absorption through changing the expression levels of microelement transport-relative genes. EGF can be used as an additive to increase the essential trace elements absorption in the early weaning piglets. Abstract Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in nutrients absorption. However, whether it can be an effective additive to improve the growth performance and nutrients absorption in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged early weaning piglets is still unknown. A 14-days trial was conducted to investigate how EGF attenuates the effect of LPS on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, microelement absorption of early-weaned pigs, and study the underlying mechanism. A total of 48 early weaned piglets, aged 25 days, were randomly distributed to four groups (control, EGF, LPS and EGF + LPS groups) consisting of a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors were the level of LPS (HLPS = high LPS: 100 μg/kg body weight; ZLPS = low LPS: 0 μg/kg body weight) and EGF (HEGF = high EGF: 2 mg/kg diet; ZEGF = low EGF: 0 mg/kg diet). Each group had four replicates and each replicate consisted of three piglets. The results showed that piglets injected with HLPS level significantly decreased the average daily gain (ADG), and significantly increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level, while piglets fed HEGF level significantly increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with the piglets fed ZEGF level (p < 0.05). Piglets injected with HLPS level significantly decreased the apparent digestibility of crude fat compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level (p < 0.05). Piglets injected with HLPS level significantly increased the concentration of most microelements in the gastrointestinal tract chyme and feces, and significantly decreased the expression levels of most microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level (p < 0.05). Piglets fed HEGF level significantly decreased the concentration of microelement in the gastrointestinal tract chyme and feces, and significantly increased the expression levels of the microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues compared with the piglets fed ZEGF level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary EGF could attenuate the negative effect of LPS exposure on the apparent digestibility of crude fat and microelement absorption of early-weaning piglets. EGF and LPS influenced the absorption of essential trace element through changing the expression levels of microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues. In the early weaning piglets, EGF can be used as an additive to increase the essential trace elements absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjing Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liang Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yajun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Kolapo Matthew Ajuwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA;
| | - Rejun Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (J.X.); (L.X.); (B.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(0)731-8618177
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Everman ER, Cloud-Richardson KM, Macdonald SJ. Characterizing the genetic basis of copper toxicity in Drosophila reveals a complex pattern of allelic, regulatory, and behavioral variation. Genetics 2021; 217:1-20. [PMID: 33683361 PMCID: PMC8045719 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of heavy metals are required for normal cell function and homeostasis. However, the anthropogenic release of metal compounds into soil and water sources presents a pervasive health threat. Copper is one of many heavy metals that negatively impacts diverse organisms at a global scale. Using a combination of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and RNA sequencing in the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource, we demonstrate that resistance to the toxic effects of ingested copper in D. melanogaster is genetically complex and influenced by allelic and expression variation at multiple loci. QTL mapping identified several QTL that account for a substantial fraction of heritability. Additionally, we find that copper resistance is impacted by variation in behavioral avoidance of copper and may be subject to life-stage specific regulation. Gene expression analysis further demonstrated that resistant and sensitive strains are characterized by unique expression patterns. Several of the candidate genes identified via QTL mapping and RNAseq have known copper-specific functions (e.g., Ccs, Sod3, CG11825), and others are involved in the regulation of other heavy metals (e.g., Catsup, whd). We validated several of these candidate genes with RNAi suggesting they contribute to variation in adult copper resistance. Our study illuminates the interconnected roles that allelic and expression variation, organism life stage, and behavior play in copper resistance, allowing a deeper understanding of the diverse mechanisms through which metal pollution can negatively impact organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Everman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | | | - Stuart J Macdonald
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
da Silva Fonseca J, Zebral YD, Bianchini A. Metabolic status of the coral Mussismilia harttii in field conditions and the effects of copper exposure in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108924. [PMID: 33122134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is widely known that metals can alter enzyme functioning, however, little is known about the mechanisms of metal toxicity in energy metabolism enzymes of corals. Thus, the present study had two objectives: firstly, we evaluated the activity of eight metabolic enzymes of the coral Mussismilia harttii to clarify metabolic functioning under field conditions. After that, we investigated the in vitro effect of copper (Cu) exposure in the activity of an enzyme representative of each metabolism stage. We evaluated enzymes involved in glycolysis (hexokinase, HK; phosphofructokinase, PFK; pyruvate kinase, PK and lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), Krebs cycle (citrate synthase, CS and isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH), electron transport chain (electron transport system activity, ETS) and pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH). The in vitro tests were performed through contamination of the reaction medium using Cu concentrations of 0, 1.4, 3.7 and 14.2 μg L-1. The results showed that M. harttii has elevated activity of HK, PK and CS in field conditions compared to the activity of other energy metabolism enzymes evaluated. Moreover, lower activities of LDH and ETS in exposed samples were observed. In conclusion, in field conditions this species has elevated aerobic metabolism and glucose may be an important energetic fuel. Also, exposure to Cu in vitro caused inhibition of LDH and ETS by direct binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Al Doghaither H, Elmorsy E, Al-Ghafari A, Ghulam J. Roles of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in metal-induced dysfunction of beta pancreatic cells isolated from CD1 mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:651-663. [PMID: 33424352 PMCID: PMC7785459 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The diabetogenic effects of metals including lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and molybdenum (Mo) have been reported with poorly identified underlying mechanisms. The current study assessed the effect of metals on the roles of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in beta pancreatic cells isolated from CD-1 mice, via different biochemical assays. Data showed that the tested metals were cytotoxic to the isolated cells with impaired glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This was associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes activities, active proapoptotic caspase-3 (cas-3), inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the intoxicated cells. Furthermore, antioxidant-reduced glutathione (GSH-R), cas-3 inhibitor z-VAD-FMK, IL-6 inhibitor bazedoxifene (BZ), and TNF-α inhibitor etanercept (ET) were found to significantly decrease metal-induced cytotoxicity with improved GSIS in metals' intoxicated cells. In conclusion, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation can play roles in metals-induced diabetogenic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huda Al Doghaither
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekramy Elmorsy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat Al-Ghafari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetics Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jihan Ghulam
- General Education Department, Dar Al-Hekma University, Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
da Silva Fonseca J, Mies M, Paranhos A, Taniguchi S, Güth AZ, Bícego MC, Marques JA, Fernandes de Barros Marangoni L, Bianchini A. Isolated and combined effects of thermal stress and copper exposure on the trophic behavior and oxidative status of the reef-building coral Mussismilia harttii. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115892. [PMID: 33120157 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and local disturbances such as pollution cause several impacts on coral reefs. Among them is the breakdown of the symbiosis between host corals and photosynthetic symbionts, which is often a consequence of oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated if the combined effects of thermal stress and copper (Cu) exposure change the trophic behavior and oxidative status of the reef-building coral Mussismilia harttii. Coral fragments were exposed in a mesocosm system to three temperatures (25.0, 26.6 and 27.3 °C) and three Cu concentrations (2.9, 5.4 and 8.6 μg L-1). Samples were collected after 4 and 12 days of exposure. We then (i) performed fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify changes in stearidonic acid and docosapentaenoic acid (autotrophy markers) and cis-gondoic acid (heterotrophy marker), and (ii) assessed the oxidative status of both host and symbiont through analyses of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Our findings show that trophic behavior was predominantly autotrophic and remained unchanged under individual and combined stressors for both 4- and 12-day experiments; for the latter, however, there was an increase in the heterotrophy marker. Results also show that 4 days was not enough to trigger changes in LPO or TAC for both coral and symbiont. However, the 12-day experiment showed a reduction in symbiont LPO associated with thermal stress alone, and the combination of stressors increased their TAC. For the coral, the isolated effects of increase in Cu and temperature led to an increase in LPO. The effects of combined stressors on trophic behavior and oxidative status were not much different than those from the isolated effects of each stressor. These findings highlight that host and symbionts respond differently to stress and are relevant as they show the physiological response of individual holobiont compartments to both global and local stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Mies
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Alana Paranhos
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Z Güth
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande. Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Branca JJV, Pacini A, Gulisano M, Taddei N, Fiorillo C, Becatti M. Cadmium-Induced Cytotoxicity: Effects on Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:604377. [PMID: 33330504 PMCID: PMC7734342 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.604377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known heavy metal and environmental toxicant and pollutant worldwide, being largely present in every kind of item such as plastic (toys), battery, paints, ceramics, contaminated water, air, soil, food, fertilizers, and cigarette smoke. Nowadays, it represents an important research area for the scientific community mainly for its effects on public health. Due to a half-life ranging between 15 and 30 years, Cd owns the ability to accumulate in organs and tissues, exerting deleterious effects. Thus, even at low doses, a Cd prolonged exposure may cause a multiorgan toxicity. Mitochondria are key intracellular targets for Cd-induced cytotoxicity, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The present review is aimed to clarify the effects of Cd on mitochondria and, particularly, on the mitochondrial electron transport chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Junio Valerio Branca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Niccolò Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dai Z, Cheng J, Bao L, Zhu X, Li H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Chu W, Pan Y, Huang H. Exposure to waterborne cadmium induce oxidative stress, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver of Procypris merus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111051. [PMID: 32763565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the effect of waterborne cadmium (Cd) exposure on oxidative stress, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction, and to explore the mechanism of Cd-induced liver damage in freshwater teleost Procypris merus. To this end, P. merus were exposed to waterborne 0, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L Cd for 30 days (equal to 0, 2.22 and 4.45 μmol Cd/l). The waterborne Cd exposure significantly increased hepatic Cd accumulation and impaired histological structure of the liver of P. merus. both low and high-dose waterborne Cd exposure induced oxidative stress in the liver of P. merus, through increases Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxide species (ROS) accumulation in the liver. The Cd-induced oxidative stress in liver may result from reduction of enzyme activities (superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), GSH-S-transferases (GST)) and transcriptional expression of antioxidant related genes (gpx1, gpx2, cata, gsta1, sod1). Furthermore, the present study showed that waterborne Cd exposure decreased the transcriptional factor (nrf2) expression, which might lead to the down-regulation of antioxidant gene expression. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations demonstrated that waterborne Cd exposure induced autophagy in the liver of P. merus. Gene expression analysis showed that waterborne Cd exposure also induced mRNA expression of a set of genes (beclin1, ulk1, atg5, lc3a, atg4b, atg9a, and p62) involved in the autophagy process, indicating that the influence of Cd on autophagy involved transcription regulation of autophagy gene expression. Waterborne Cd exposure induced a sharp decrease in ATP content in the liver of P. merus. In addition, the expression of mitochondrial function genes (sdha, cox4i1, cox1, atp5f1, and mt-cyb) are significantly decreased in the liver of P. merus in Cd treated groups, manifesting the suppression of Cd on mitochondrial energy metabolism. Taken together, our experiments demonstrate that waterborne Cd exposure induced oxidative stress, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver of P. merus. These results may contribute to the understanding of mechanisms that hepatotoxicity of Cd in teleost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Dai
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Distinctive Aquatic Resource, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde, 415000, PR China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lingsheng Bao
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Honghui Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde, 415000, PR China
| | - Wuying Chu
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yaxiong Pan
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Huang Huang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zebral YD, da Silva Fonseca J, Roza M, Costa PG, Robaldo RB, Bianchini A. Combining elevated temperature with waterborne copper: Impacts on the energy metabolism of the killifish Poecilia vivipara. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126631. [PMID: 32302917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated in a companion work that acclimation to 28 °C potentiated waterborne copper (Cu) toxic effects in Poecilia vivipara through oxidative stress-related processes. In the present study, we hypothesized that these results were related to kinetic metabolic adjustments in enzymes from aerobic and anaerobic pathways. To test this, P. vivipara was acclimated to two temperatures (22 °C or 28 °C) for three weeks and then exposed to Cu (control, 9 or 20 μg/L) for 96 h. The activity of enzymes from glycolysis (pyruvate kinase [PK] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), Krebs cycle (citrate synthase [CS]) and the electron transport chain system (ETS) were assessed in gills, liver and muscle. Interactive effects were only seen for hepatic LDH activity, as both metal exposure and heat stress, combined or not, inhibited this enzyme, showing a suppression in anaerobic pathways. Conversely, a Cu main effect was present in the liver, expressed as an elevation in ETS activity, showing an enhancement in hepatic aerobic metabolism likely related with the very energy-demanding process of metal detoxification. Moreover, this study shows that P. vivipara has a remarkable ability to compensate heat stress in terms of energy metabolism, as we could not observe acclimation temperature effects for most of the cases. Nonetheless, a tissue-dependent effect of elevated temperature was observed, as we could observe an inhibition in muscular CS activity. Finally, it is concluded that kinetic adjustments in terms of the energy metabolism are not related with the temperature-dependent elevation of Cu toxicity in P. vivipara as we previously hypothesized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Roza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Berteaux Robaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-970, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mitigating effect of paxilline against injury produced by Cd 2+ in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 and ascites hepatoma AS-30D cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110519. [PMID: 32244116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
On two rat cell lines, pheochromocytoma PC12 and ascites hepatoma AS-30D, and on rat liver mitochondria we studied action of paxilline (lipophilic mycotoxin from fungus Penicillium paxilli which is blocker of large-conductance potassium channels) against harmful effects of Cd(II) - one of the most dangerous toxic metals and environmental pollutants. We investigated an influence of paxilline on cell viability and mitochondrial function in the presence and in the absence of Cd2+. As found, paxilline protected partially from the Cd2+-induced cytotoxicity, namely taken in concentration of 1 μM it decreased the Cd2+-induced cell necrosis in average by 10-14 or 13-23% for AS-30D and PC12 cells, respectively. Nevertheless, paxilline did not affect the Cd2+-induced apoptosis of AS-30D cells. The alleviating concentration of paxilline reduced an intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PC12 cells intoxicated by Cd2+ and enhanced the ROS production in control AS-30D cells; however, it weakly affected mitochondrial membrane potential of the cells in the absence and in the presence of Cd2+. The ameliorative concentration of paxilline decreased the maximal respiration rates of control cells of both types after short-term (3-5 h) treatment with it while the rates reached their control levels after long-term (24-48 h) incubation with the drug. Paxilline was not protective against the Cd2+-induced membrane permeability and respiration rate changes in isolated rat liver mitochondria. As result, the mitochondrial electron transport chain was concluded to contribute in the mitigating effect of paxilline against the Cd2+-produced cell injury.
Collapse
|
20
|
Samet JM, Chen H, Pennington ER, Bromberg PA. Non-redox cycling mechanisms of oxidative stress induced by PM metals. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 151:26-37. [PMID: 31877355 PMCID: PMC7803379 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metallic compounds contribute to the oxidative stress of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure. The toxicity of redox inert ions of cadmium, mercury, lead and zinc, as well as redox-active ions of vanadium and chromium is underlain by dysregulation of mitochondrial function and loss of signaling quiescence. Central to the initiation of these effects is the interaction of metal ions with cysteinyl thiols on glutathione and key regulatory proteins, which leads to impaired mitochondrial electron transport and persistent pan-activation of signal transduction pathways. The mitochondrial and signaling effects are linked by the production of H2O2, generated from mitochondrial superoxide anion or through the activation of NADPH oxidase, which extends the range and amplifies the magnitude of the oxidative effects of the metals. This oxidative burden can be further potentiated by inhibitory effects of the metals on the enzymes of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Along with the better-known Fenton-based mechanisms, the non-redox cycling mechanisms of oxidative stress induced by metals constitute significant pathways for cellular injury induced by PM inhalation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Samet
- Environmental Public Health Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - Philip A Bromberg
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wallace DR, Taalab YM, Heinze S, Tariba Lovaković B, Pizent A, Renieri E, Tsatsakis A, Farooqi AA, Javorac D, Andjelkovic M, Bulat Z, Antonijević B, Buha Djordjevic A. Toxic-Metal-Induced Alteration in miRNA Expression Profile as a Proposed Mechanism for Disease Development. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040901. [PMID: 32272672 PMCID: PMC7226740 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic metals are extensively found in the environment, households, and workplaces and contaminate food and drinking water. The crosstalk between environmental exposure to toxic metals and human diseases has been frequently described. The toxic mechanism of action was classically viewed as the ability to dysregulate the redox status, production of inflammatory mediators and alteration of mitochondrial function. Recently, growing evidence showed that heavy metals might exert their toxicity through microRNAs (miRNA)—short, single-stranded, noncoding molecules that function as positive/negative regulators of gene expression. Aberrant alteration of the endogenous miRNA has been directly implicated in various pathophysiological conditions and signaling pathways, consequently leading to different types of cancer and human diseases. Additionally, the gene-regulatory capacity of miRNAs is particularly valuable in the brain—a complex organ with neurons demonstrating a significant ability to adapt following environmental stimuli. Accordingly, dysregulated miRNAs identified in patients suffering from neurological diseases might serve as biomarkers for the earlier diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. This review will greatly emphasize the effect of the toxic metals on human miRNA activities and how this contributes to progression of diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R. Wallace
- School of Biomedical Science, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA;
| | - Yasmeen M. Taalab
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia Governate 35516, Egypt or
- Institute of Forensic and Traffic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Sarah Heinze
- Institute of Forensic and Traffic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.T.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Alica Pizent
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.T.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Elisavet Renieri
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, 71601 Heraklion, Greece; (E.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, 71601 Heraklion, Greece; (E.R.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Dragana Javorac
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.J.); (M.A.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Milena Andjelkovic
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.J.); (M.A.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.J.); (M.A.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Biljana Antonijević
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.J.); (M.A.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.J.); (M.A.); (Z.B.); (B.A.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zebral YD, Anni ISA, Junior ASV, Corcini CD, da Silva JC, Caldas JS, Acosta IB, Afonso SB, Bianchini A. Life-time exposure to waterborne copper IV: Sperm quality parameters are negatively affected in the killifish Poecilia vivipara. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124332. [PMID: 31323547 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown that copper (Cu) is significantly accumulated in various tissues of killifish Poecilia vivipara following chronic exposure. Also, we showed that chronic metal exposure disrupted energy production and growth in this species. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if chronic exposure to this metal could also affect reproductive parameters of P. vivipara males (sperm quality). In order to test that, newborn (<24 h-old) fish were exposed to two concentrations of waterborne Cu (5 and 9 μg/L) for 345 days. After exposure, fish were euthanized and the testes were collected for sperm analysis. We could observe that exposed animals had reduced sperm motility and period of motility. Also, the sperm of exposed fish had reduced plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial functionality and DNA integrity when compared to sperm of control animals. It is suggested that the well-known association of Cu with elevated oxidative damage, endocrine disruption and energetic disturbance are involved with the observed outcomes. The results obtained in the present study show that chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne Cu caused reductions in all parameters used to evaluate sperm quality. Therefore, it is concluded that life-time exposure to this metal may disrupt fish reproduction and negatively affect the maintenance of its populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Iuri Salim Abou Anni
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Varela Junior
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Dahl Corcini
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Capão Do Leão, Campus Universitário, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaina Camacho da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jôsie Shwartz Caldas
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Izani Bonel Acosta
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Braz Afonso
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
de Paula Ribeiro J, Kalb AC, de Bastos Maya S, Gioda A, Martinez PE, Monserrat JM, Jiménez-Vélez BD, Gioda CR. The impact of polar fraction of the fine particulate matter on redox responses in different rat tissues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32476-32487. [PMID: 31617135 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) contains different chemical substances that have been associated with health effects and an increased risk of mortality due to their toxicity. In this study, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected in a region with rural characteristics (Seropédica (Se)) and another with some industries (Duque de Caxias (DC)) (Brazil, RJ). Rats were exposed to PM2.5 extracts daily for 25 days at different dilutions: 10×, 5×, and a concentrated solution (CS). Biochemical analyses were investigated for total antioxidant capacity (ACAP), lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, activity of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), and activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST). The liver showed a significant increase in GCL (DC-5×, DC-CS and Se-CS) and GST activities (DC-CS and Se-CS) in both regions when compared to the control group. In the renal cortex, GCL activity decreased in most of the tested groups while GST activity increased only in the 5× groups of both regions (DC and Se). In the renal medulla, GCL activity decreased for Se-10× and DC-CS but increased for Se-5×, and GST activity increased in the Se-10×, DC-5×, and DC-CS groups. Lung GCL increased in all groups for both regions. Moreover, this organ also showed an increase in GST activity when higher metal concentrations were present (5× and CS). TBARS levels were increased for all tissues in most tested concentrations. These data indicate that soluble compounds (e.g., metals) from PM2.5 sampled in areas with different pollution indexes can change the redox status and cause damage to different tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim de Paula Ribeiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Kalb
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina de Bastos Maya
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marques de São Vicente 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22451-900, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Elias Martinez
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - José Maria Monserrat
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Braulio D Jiménez-Vélez
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Carolina Rosa Gioda
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abou Anni IS, Zebral YD, Afonso SB, Moreno Abril SI, Lauer MM, Bianchini A. Life-time exposure to waterborne copper III: Effects on the energy metabolism of the killifish Poecilia vivipara. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:580-588. [PMID: 31009864 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper ions (Cu) are essential to life maintenance, nonetheless, elevated concentrations can be hazardous. Acute and sub-chronic toxic effects of this metal are well known and are usually related to enzymatic inhibition, elevated ROS production and dysfunction of energy metabolism. Despite that, chronic studies are extremely rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of chronic exposure to 5, 9 and 20 μg/L Cu (28 ad 345 days) on the energy metabolism and survival of the killifish Poecilia vivipara. To accomplish that, we evaluated the activity of enzymes related to aerobic (pyruvate kinase (PK); citrate synthase (CS)) and anaerobic metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) in whole-body (28 days) or in gills, liver and muscle (345 days) of exposed fish. Additionally, whole-body oxygen consumption was evaluated in fish exposed for 28 days and hepatic and muscular expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism (cox I, II and III and atp5a1) was assessed in animals exposed for 345 days. Finally, final survival was evaluated. Following 28 days, Cu did not affect survival neither enzyme activities. However, increased whole-body oxygen consumption was observed in comparison to control condition. After 345 days, 76.8%, 63.9%, 60.9% and 0% survival were observed for control, 5, 9 and 20 μg/L groups, respectively. Animals exposed to 5 and 9 μg/L had a significant reduction in branchial and muscular LDH activity and in hepatic PK activity. Also, exposure to 9 μg/L significantly increased hepatic CS activity. For gene expression, Cu down-regulated muscular cox II (9 μg/L) and III (5 and 9 μg/L), and up-regulated hepatic atp5a1 (9 μg/L). Findings reported in the present study indicate that chronic exposure to Cu induces tissue-specific responses in key aspects of the energetic metabolism. In gills and muscle, Cu leads to reduced energy production through inhibition of anaerobic pathways and mitochondrial respiratory chain. This effect is paralleled by an increased ATP consumption in the liver, characterized by the augmented CS activity and atp5a1 expression. Finally, reduced PK activity indicate that oxidative stress may be involved with the observed outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Salim Abou Anni
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Braz Afonso
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra Isabel Moreno Abril
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Machado Lauer
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anni ISA, Zebral YD, Afonso SB, Jorge MB, Moreno Abril SI, Bianchini A. Life-time exposure to waterborne copper II: Patterns of tissue accumulation and gene expression of the metal-transport proteins ctr1 and atp7b in the killifish Poecilia vivipara. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:257-262. [PMID: 30784733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of transporting proteins on copper (Cu) bioaccumulation was evaluated in the killifish Poecilia vivipara chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne Cu. Fish (<24 h-old) were maintained under control condition or exposed to different waterborne Cu concentrations (5, 9 and 20 μg/L) for 28 and 345 days in saltwater. Following exposure periods, Cu accumulation and the expression of genes encoding for the high affinity Cu-transporter (ctr1) and the P-type Cu-ATPase (atp7b) were evaluated. Whole-body metal accumulation and gene expression were evaluated in fish exposed to 28 days. Similarly, in fish exposed to 345 days, liver, gills and gut were also evaluated. No fish survival was observed after exposure to 20 μg/L for 345 days. Whole-body Cu accumulation was significantly higher in fish exposed to 20 μg/L Cu for 28 days and in fish exposed to 9 μg/L for 345 days in comparison to control animals. Similarly, tissue Cu accumulation was significantly higher in fish exposed to 9 μg/L for 345 days in comparison to control animal. However, no significant accumulation was observed in fish muscle. Following exposure for 28 days, whole-body ctr1 expression was slightly induced in fish exposed to 9 μg/L. In turn, no significant change in ctr1 expression was observed following exposure to Cu for 345 days. Differently, whole-body atp7b expression was markedly up-regulated in the whole-body of fish exposed Cu for 28 days and in tissues of fish exposed to Cu for 345 days. These findings indicate the expression of atp7b is more responsive to Cu accumulation in P. vivipara than ctr1 expression and, therefore, more suitable to be used as a biomarker of exposure to this metal. Also, we argue that the expression of atp7b is sustained at elevated levels for as much time as fish are maintained in Cu contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Salim Abou Anni
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Braz Afonso
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marianna Basso Jorge
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra Isabel Moreno Abril
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pavón N, Buelna-Chontal M, Macías-López A, Correa F, Uribe-Álvarez C, Hernández-Esquivel L, Chávez E. On the oxidative damage by cadmium to kidney mitochondrial functions. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 97:187-192. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the kidney, the accumulation of heavy metals such as Cd2+ produces mitochondrial dysfunctions, i.e., uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of the electron transport through the respiratory chain, and collapse of the transmembrane electrical gradient. This derangement may be due to the fact that Cd2+ induces the transition of membrane permeability from selective to nonselective via the opening of a transmembrane pore. In fact, Cd2+ produces this injury through the stimulation of oxygen-derived radical generation, inducing oxidative stress. Several molecules have been used to avoid or even reverse Cd2+-induced mitochondrial injury, for instance, cyclosporin A, resveratrol, dithiocarbamates, and even EDTA. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility that the antioxidant tamoxifen could protect mitochondria from the deleterious effects of Cd2+. Our results indicate that the addition of 1 μmol/L Cd2+ to mitochondria collapsed the transmembrane electrical gradient, induced the release of cytochrome c, and increased both the generation of H2O2 and the oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (among other measured parameters). Of interest, these mitochondrial dysfunctions were ameliorated after the addition of tamoxifen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pavón
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mabel Buelna-Chontal
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Arturo Macías-López
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Correa
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Luz Hernández-Esquivel
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edmundo Chávez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Handl J, Čapek J, Majtnerová P, Petira F, Hauschke M, Roušarová E, Roušar T. Transient increase in cellular dehydrogenase activity after cadmium treatment precedes enhanced production of reactive oxygen species in human proximal tubular kidney cells. Physiol Res 2019; 68:481-490. [PMID: 30904015 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal causing toxicity especially in kidney cells. The toxicity is linked also with enhanced oxidative stress leading to cell death. On the other hand, our recent experiments have shown that an increase of total intracellular dehydrogenases activity can also occur in kidney cells before declining until cell death. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to evaluate this transient enhancement in cell viability after cadmium treatment. The human kidney HK-2 cell line was treated with CdCl(2) at concentrations 0-200 microM for 2-24 h and intracellular dehydrogenase activity was tested. In addition, we measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and C-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. We found that significantly increased dehydrogenase activity could occur in cells treated with 25, 100, and 200 microM CdCl(2). Moreover, the results showed an increase in ROS production linked with JNK activation following the enhancement of dehydrogenase activity. Other tests detected no relationship with the increased in intracellular dehydrogenase activity. Hence, the transient increase in dehydrogenase activity in HK-2 cells preceded the enhancement of ROS production and our finding provides new evidence in cadmium kidney toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Handl
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sokolova I. Mitochondrial Adaptations to Variable Environments and Their Role in Animals' Stress Tolerance. Integr Comp Biol 2019; 58:519-531. [PMID: 29701785 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles involved in energy and redox homeostasis, cellular signaling, and survival. Animal mitochondria are exquisitely sensitive to environmental stress, and stress-induced changes in the mitochondrial integrity and function have major consequences for the organismal performance and fitness. Studies in the model organisms such as terrestrial mammals and insects showed that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of injury during pathological conditions and environmental insults such as hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, and exposure to toxins. However, animals from highly stressful environments (such as the intertidal zone of the ocean) can maintain mitochondrial integrity and function despite intense and rapid fluctuations in abiotic conditions and associated changes in the intracellular milieu. Recent studies demonstrate that mitochondria of intertidal organisms (including mollusks, crustaceans, and fish) are capable of maintaining activity of mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS), ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial coupling in a broad range of temperature, osmolarity, and ion content. Mitochondria of intertidal organisms such as mollusks are also resistant to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury and show stability or even upregulation of the mitochondrial ETS activity and ATP synthesis capacity during intermittent hypoxia. In contrast, pH optima for mitochondrial ATP synthesis and respiration are relatively narrow in intertidal mollusks and may reflect adaptation to suppress metabolic rate during pH shifts caused by extreme stress. Sensitivity to anthropogenic pollutants (such as trace metals) in intertidal mollusks appears similar to that of other organisms (including mammals) and may reflect the lack of adaptation to these evolutionarily novel stressors. The mechanisms of the exceptional mitochondrial resilience to temperature, salinity, and hypoxic stress are not yet fully understood in intertidal organisms, yet recent studies demonstrate that they may involve rapid modulation of the ETS capacity (possibly due to post-translation modification of mitochondrial proteins), upregulation of antioxidant defenses in anticipation of oxidative stress, and high activity of mitochondrial proteases involved in degradation of damaged mitochondrial proteins. With rapidly developing molecular tools for non-model organisms, future studies of mitochondrial adaptations should pinpoint the molecular sites associated with the passive tolerance and/or active regulation of mitochondrial activity during stress exposures in intertidal organisms, investigate the roles of mitochondria in transduction of stress signals, and explore the interplay between bioenergetics and mitochondrial signaling in facilitating survival in these highly stressful environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inna Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, A.-Einstein Str., 3, Rostock 18055, Germany.,Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Belyaeva EA. Respiratory complex II in mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated cytotoxicity: Insight from cadmium. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:80-92. [PMID: 30262321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we studied action of several inhibitors of respiratory complex II (CII) of mitochondrial electron transport chain, namely malonate and thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) on Cd2+-induced toxicity and cell mortality, using two rat cell lines, pheochromocytoma PC12 and ascites hepatoma AS-30D and isolated rat liver mitochondria (RLM). It was shown that malonate, an endogenous competitive inhibitor of dicarboxylate-binding site of CII, restored in part RLM respiratory function disturbed by Cd2+. In particular, malonate increased both phosphorylating and maximally uncoupled respiration rates in KCl medium in the presence of CI substrates as well as palliated changes in basal and resting state respiration rates produced by the heavy metal on the mitochondria energized by CI or CII substrates. Notably, malonate enhanced Cd2+-induced swelling of the mitochondria energized by CI substrates in KCl and, in a much lesser extent and at higher [Cd2+], in sucrose media but did not influence on the Cd2+ effects in NaCl medium. Besides, malonate did not affect swelling in sucrose media of RLM energized by CIV substrates under using of Cd2+ or Ca2+ whereas it strongly increased the mitochondrial swelling produced by selenite. In addition, malonate produced some protection against Cd2+-promoted necrotic death of AS-30D and PC12 cells and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation evoked by Cd2+ in PC12 cells. Importantly, TTFA, an irreversible competitive inhibitor of Q-binding site of CII, per se induced apoptosis of AS-30D cells which was inhibited by co-treatment with Cd2+ as well as decreased the Cd2+-enhanced intracellular ROS formation. In turn, decylubiquinone (dUb) at low μM concentrations did not protect AS-30D cells against the Cd2+-induced necrosis and enhanced the Cd2+-induced apoptosis of the cells. High μM concentrations of dUb were highly toxic for the cells. As consequence, the findings give new evidence indicative of critical involvement of CII in mechanism(s) of Cd2+-produced cytotoxicity and support the notion on CII as a perspective pharmacological target in mitochondria dysfunction-mediated conditions and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Belyaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, Thorez pr. 44, 194223, St.-Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
de Queiroz JV, Vieira JCS, da Cunha Bataglioli I, Bittarello AC, Braga CP, de Oliveira G, do Carmo Federici Padilha C, de Magalhães Padilha P. Total Mercury Determination in Muscle and Liver Tissue Samples from Brazilian Amazon Fish Using Slurry Sampling. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:517-522. [PMID: 29196873 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a slurry sampling method for total mercury determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) in tissue of fish from the Amazon. The tissue samples were lyophilized and macerated, and then the slurry samples were prepared by putting 20 mg of tissue, added to a solution containing Triton X-100, Suprapur HNO3, and zirconium nitrate directly in sampling vials of a spectrometer. Mercury standard solutions were prepared under the same conditions as the slurry samples. The slurry samples and the mercury standard solutions were sonicated for 20 s. Twenty microliters of slurry samples were injected into the graphite tube, which contained an internal wall lined with tungsten carbide. Under these conditions, it was possible to thermally stabilize the mercury up to an atomization temperature of 1700 °C. The method was validated by mercury determination in reference materials DORM-4 and DOLT-4. The LOD and LOQ were 0.014 and 0.045 mg kg-1, respectively, and recovery percentages in relation to the concentration values were certified in the order of 98%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Vitor de Queiroz
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alis Correia Bittarello
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Overview of Cadmium Thyroid Disrupting Effects and Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051501. [PMID: 29772829 PMCID: PMC5983752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a significant number of chemicals that are suspected to produce disturbances in hormone homeostasis. Hence, in recent decades, there has been a growing interest in endocrine disruptive chemicals. One of the alleged thyroid disrupting substances is cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous toxic metal shown to act as a thyroid disruptor and carcinogen in both animals and humans. Multiple PubMed searches with core keywords were performed to identify and evaluate appropriate studies which revealed literature suggesting evidence for the link between exposure to Cd and histological and metabolic changes in the thyroid gland. Furthermore, Cd influence on thyroid homeostasis at the peripheral level has also been hypothesized. Both in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that a Cd exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations results in biphasic Cd dose-thyroid response relationships. Development of thyroid tumors following exposure to Cd has been studied mainly using in vitro methodologies. In the thyroid, Cd has been shown to activate or stimulate the activity of various factors, leading to increased cell proliferation and a reduction in normal apoptotic activity. Evidence establishing the association between Cd and thyroid disruption remains ambiguous, with further studies needed to elucidate the issue and improve our understanding of Cd-mediated effects on the thyroid gland.
Collapse
|
32
|
Vieira JCS, Braga CP, de Oliveira G, Padilha CDCF, de Moraes PM, Zara LF, Leite ADL, Buzalaf MAR, Padilha PDM. Mercury Exposure: Protein Biomarkers of Mercury Exposure in Jaraqui Fish from the Amazon Region. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 183:164-171. [PMID: 28828596 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study presents data on the extraction and characterization of proteins associated with mercury in the muscle and liver tissues of jaraqui (Semaprochilodus spp.) from the Madeira River in the Brazilian Amazon. Protein fractionation was carried out by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Mercury determination in tissues, pellets, and protein spots was performed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Proteins in the spots that showed mercury were characterized by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The highest mercury concentrations were found in liver tissues and pellets (426 ± 6 and 277 ± 4 μg kg-1), followed by muscle tissues and pellets (132 ± 4 and 86 ± 1 μg kg-1, respectively). Mercury quantification in the protein spots allowed us to propose stoichiometric ratios in the range of 1-4 mercury atoms per molecule of protein in the protein spots. The proteins characterized in the analysis by ESI-MS/MS were keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8, parvalbumin beta, parvalbumin-2, ubiquitin-40S ribosomal S27a, 39S ribosomal protein L36 mitochondrial, hemoglobin subunit beta, and hemoglobin subunit beta-A/B. The results suggest that proteins such as ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a, which have specific domains, possibly zinc finger, can be used as biomarkers of mercury, whereas mercury and zinc present characteristics of soft acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Cavalcante Souza Vieira
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Braga
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Martin de Moraes
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bhargava A, Tamrakar S, Aglawe A, Lad H, Srivastava RK, Mishra DK, Tiwari R, Chaudhury K, Goryacheva IY, Mishra PK. Ultrafine particulate matter impairs mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediated DNA damage responses in lymphocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:406-419. [PMID: 29202419 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), broadly defined as coarse (2.5-10 μm), fine (0.1-2.5 μm) and ultrafine particles (≤0.1 μm), is a major constituent of ambient air pollution. Recent studies have linked PM exposure (coarse and fine particles) with several human diseases including cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ultrafine PM exposure induced cellular and sub-cellular repercussions are ill-defined. Since mitochondria are one of the major targets of different environmental pollutants, we herein aimed to understand the molecular repercussion of ultrafine PM exposure on mitochondrial machinery in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Upon comparative analysis, a significantly higher DCF fluorescence was observed in ultrafine PM exposed cells that confirmed the strong pro-oxidant nature of these particles. In addition, the depleted activity of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase suggested the strong association of ultrafine PM with oxidative stress. These results further coincided with mitochondrial membrane depolarization, altered mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activity and decline in mtDNA copy number. Moreover, the higher accumulation of DNA damage response proteins (γH2AX, pATM, p-p53), suggested that exposure to ultrafine PM induces DNA damage and triggers phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated response pathway. Further, the alterations in mitochondrial machinery and redox balance among ultrafine PM exposed cells were accompanied by a considerably elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Interestingly, the lower apoptosis levels observed in ultrafine particle treated cells suggest the possibility that the marked alterations may lead to the impairment of mitochondrial-nuclear cross talk. Together, our results showed that ultrafine PM, because of their smaller size possesses significant ability to disturb mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated DNA damage response pathway, an unknown molecular paradigm of ultrafine PM exposure. Our findings also indicate that maneuvering through the mitochondrial function might be a viable, indirect method to modulate lymphocyte homeostasis in air pollution associated immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Shivani Tamrakar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Aniket Aglawe
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Harsha Lad
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Narsee Moonjee Institute of Management Studies, Shirpur, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yahyazedeh A, Altunkaynak BZ, Akgül N, Akgül HM. A histopathological and stereological study of liver damage in female rats caused by mercury vapor. Biotech Histochem 2017; 92:338-346. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1312527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Yahyazedeh
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun
| | - BZ Altunkaynak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun
| | - N Akgül
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry
| | - HM Akgül
- Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Song Y, Salbu B, Teien HC, Evensen Ø, Lind OC, Rosseland BO, Tollefsen KE. Hepatic transcriptional responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to gamma radiation and depleted uranium singly and in combination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:270-279. [PMID: 27100007 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides are a special group of substances posing both radiological and chemical hazards to organisms. As a preliminary approach to understand the combined effects of radionuclides, exposure studies were designed using gamma radiation (Gamma) and depleted uranium (DU) as stressors, representing a combination of radiological (radiation) and chemical (metal) exposure. Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were exposed to 70mGy external Gamma dose delivered over the first 5h of a 48h period (14mGy/h), 0.25mg/L DU were exposed continuously for 48h and the combination of the two stressors (Combi). Water and tissue concentrations of U were determined to assess the exposure quality and DU bioaccumulation. Hepatic gene expression changes were determined using microarrays in combination with quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Effects at the higher physiological levels were determined as plasma glucose (general stress) and hepatic histological changes. The results show that bioaccumulation of DU was observed after both single DU and the combined exposure. Global transcriptional analysis showed that 3122, 2303 and 3460 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly regulated by exposure to gamma, DU and Combi, respectively. Among these, 349 genes were commonly regulated by all treatments, while the majority was found to be treatment-specific. Functional analysis of DEGs revealed that the stressors displayed similar mode of action (MoA) across treatments such as induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and disturbance of oxidative phosphorylation, but also stressor-specific mechanisms such as cellular stress and injury, metabolic disorder, programmed cell death, immune response. No changes in plasma glucose level as an indicator of general stress and hepatic histological changes were observed. Although no direct linkage was successfully established between molecular responses and adverse effects at the organism level, the study has enhanced the understanding of the MoA of single radionuclides and mixtures of these.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Brit Salbu
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Hans-Christian Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Øystein Evensen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Rosseland
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management (INA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Frye RE, Casanova MF, Fatemi SH, Folsom TD, Reutiman TJ, Brown GL, Edelson SM, Slattery JC, Adams JB. Neuropathological Mechanisms of Seizures in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:192. [PMID: 27242398 PMCID: PMC4861974 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript reviews biological abnormalities shared by autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy. Two neuropathological findings are shared by ASD and epilepsy: abnormalities in minicolumn architecture and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission. The peripheral neuropil, which is the region that contains the inhibition circuits of the minicolumns, has been found to be decreased in the post-mortem ASD brain. ASD and epilepsy are associated with inhibitory GABA neurotransmission abnormalities including reduced GABAA and GABAB subunit expression. These abnormalities can elevate the excitation-to-inhibition balance, resulting in hyperexcitablity of the cortex and, in turn, increase the risk of seizures. Medical abnormalities associated with both epilepsy and ASD are discussed. These include specific genetic syndromes, specific metabolic disorders including disorders of energy metabolism and GABA and glutamate neurotransmission, mineral and vitamin deficiencies, heavy metal exposures and immune dysfunction. Many of these medical abnormalities can result in an elevation of the excitatory-to-inhibitory balance. Fragile X is linked to dysfunction of the mGluR5 receptor and Fragile X, Angelman and Rett syndromes are linked to a reduction in GABAA receptor expression. Defects in energy metabolism can reduce GABA interneuron function. Both pyridoxine dependent seizures and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency cause GABA deficiencies while urea cycle defects and phenylketonuria cause abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission. Mineral deficiencies can cause glutamate and GABA neurotransmission abnormalities and heavy metals can cause mitochondrial dysfunction which disrupts GABA metabolism. Thus, both ASD and epilepsy are associated with similar abnormalities that may alter the excitatory-to-inhibitory balance of the cortex. These parallels may explain the high prevalence of epilepsy in ASD and the elevated prevalence of ASD features in individuals with epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Frye
- Autism Research Program, Arkansas Children's Research InstituteLittle Rock, AR, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle Rock, AR, USA
| | - Manuel F Casanova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville Greenville, SC, USA
| | - S Hossein Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy D Folsom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Teri J Reutiman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - John C Slattery
- Autism Research Program, Arkansas Children's Research InstituteLittle Rock, AR, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle Rock, AR, USA
| | - James B Adams
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Altunkaynak BZ, Akgül N, Yahyazadeh A, Altunkaynak ME, Turkmen AP, Akgül HM, Ünal B. Effect of mercury vapor inhalation on rat ovary: Stereology and histopathology. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 42:410-6. [PMID: 26787318 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mercury, an environmental contaminant, is a risk factor for health in whole living organisms. In this study, we investigated whether mercury vapor (HgO) inhalation has an effect on rat ovary. METHODS Twelve Wistar albino rats were divided equally into experimental (Hg) and control groups (n = 6). Animals in the Hg group were exposed to HgO for 45 days at a dose 1 mg/m(3)/day, after which, histological and stereological assessment were carried out. RESULTS Ovaries exposed to HgO had histo-morphometric alterations. HgO inhalation resulted in reduction of the total number of primordial, primary and Graaf follicles. Also, mean volume of ovary, medulla and cortex, corpus luteum (c. luteum) and Graaf follicles was decreased in the Hg group. Moreover, there was a significant increase in total volume of the atretic follicles. On light microscopy, thickening of tunica albuginea, increase of fibrils within the connective tissue, congestion of the capillaries and venous vessels, thinned walls and fibrin deposition in some large blood vessels, and edema were seen. Also, irregular follicle and oocyte borders, and hydropic degeneration in follicular granulosa cells were detected. CONCLUSION Structural alterations could be attributed to the toxic influence of HgO on rat ovary. The use of Hg should therefore be more controlled to minimize its toxic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Akgül
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, and Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmad Yahyazadeh
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Eyup Altunkaynak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aysin Pinar Turkmen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hayati Murat Akgül
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, and Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Bunyami Ünal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hassani S, Yaghoubi H, Khosrokhavar R, Jafarian I, Mashayekhi V, Hosseini MJ, Shahraki J. Mechanistic view for toxic effects of arsenic on isolated rat kidney and brain mitochondria. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2015-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
39
|
Sappal R, Fast M, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Effects of copper, hypoxia and acute temperature shifts on mitochondrial oxidation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to warm temperature. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 169:46-57. [PMID: 26513222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Temperature fluctuations, hypoxia and metals pollution frequently occur simultaneously or sequentially in aquatic systems and their interactions may confound interpretation of their biological impacts. With a focus on energy homeostasis, the present study examined how warm acclimation influences the responses and interactions of acute temperature shift, hypoxia and copper (Cu) exposure in fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were acclimated to cold (11°C; control) and warm (20°C) temperature for 3 weeks followed by exposure to environmentally realistic levels of Cu and hypoxia for 24h. Subsequently, mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) respiratory activity supported by complexes I-IV (CI-IV), plasma metabolites and condition indices were measured. Warm acclimation reduced fish condition, induced aerobic metabolism and altered the responses of fish to acute temperature shift, hypoxia and Cu. Whereas warm acclimation decelerated the ETS and increased the sensitivity of maximal oxidation rates of the proximal (CI and II) complexes to acute temperature shift, it reduced the thermal sensitivity of state 4 (proton leak). Effects of Cu with and without hypoxia were variable depending on the acclimation status and functional index. Notably, Cu stimulated respiratory activity in the proximal ETS segments, while hypoxia was mostly inhibitory and minimized the stimulatory effect of Cu. The effects of Cu and hypoxia were modified by temperature and showed reciprocal antagonistic interaction on the ETS and plasma metabolites, with modest additive actions limited to CII and IV state 4. Overall, our results indicate that warm acclimation came at a cost of reduced ETS efficiency and increased sensitivity to added stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, British Columbia V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Carneiro MFH, Morais C, Small DM, Vesey DA, Barbosa F, Gobe GC. Thimerosal induces apoptotic and fibrotic changes to kidney epithelial cells in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1423-1433. [PMID: 24942245 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Thimerosal is an ethyl mercury-containing compound used mainly in vaccines as a bactericide. Although the kidney is a key target for mercury toxicity, thimerosal nephrotoxicity has not received the same attention as other mercury species. The aim of this study was to determine the potential cytotoxic mechanisms of thimerosal on human kidney cells. Human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK2) cells were exposed for 24 h to thimerosal (0-2 µM), and assessed for cell viability, apoptosis, and cell proliferation; expression of proteins Bax, nuclear factor-κB subunits, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1); mitochondrial health (JC-1, MitoTracker Red CMXRos); and fibronectin levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Thimerosal diminished HK2 cell viability and mitosis, promoted apoptosis, impaired the mitochondrial permeability transition, enhanced Bax and TGFβ1 expression, and augmented fibronectin secretion. This is the first report about kidney cell death and pro-fibrotic mechanisms promoted by thimerosal. Collectively, these in vitro results demonstrate that (1) thimerosal induces kidney epithelial cell apoptosis via upregulating Bax and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and (2) thimerosal is a potential pro-fibrotic agent in human kidney cells. We suggest that new evidence on toxicity as well as continuous surveillance in terms of fibrogenesis is required concerning thimerosal use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Do Café, s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christudas Morais
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David M Small
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Do Café, s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hosseini MJ, Shaki F, Ghazi-Khansari M, Pourahmad J. Toxicity of copper on isolated liver mitochondria: impairment at complexes I, II, and IV leads to increased ROS production. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 70:367-81. [PMID: 24691927 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage has been implicated in disorders associated with abnormal copper metabolism and also Cu(2+) overloading states. Besides, mitochondria are one of the most important targets for Cu(2+), an essential redox transition metal, induced hepatotoxicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mitochondrial toxicity mechanisms on isolated rat liver mitochondria. Rat liver mitochondria in both in vivo and in vitro experiments were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation and the isolated liver mitochondria were then incubated with different concentrations of Cu(2+). Our results showed that Cu(2+) induced a concentration and time-dependent rise in mitochondrial ROS formation, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse before mitochondrial swelling ensued. Increased disturbance in oxidative phosphorylation was also shown by decreased ATP concentration and decreased ATP/ADP ratio in Cu(2+)-treated isolated mitochondria. In addition, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial swelling, and release of cytochrome c following of Cu(2+) treatment were well inhibited by pretreatment of mitochondria with CsA and BHT. Our results showed that Cu(2+) could interact with respiratory complexes (I, II, and IV). This suggests that Cu(2+)-induced liver toxicity is the result of metal's disruptive effect on liver hepatocyte mitochondrial respiratory chain that is the obvious cause of Cu(2+)-induced ROS formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential decline, and cytochrome c expulsion which start cell death signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sappal R, MacDougald M, Fast M, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Alterations in mitochondrial electron transport system activity in response to warm acclimation, hypoxia-reoxygenation and copper in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:51-63. [PMID: 26022556 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fish expend significant amounts of energy to handle the numerous potentially stressful biotic and abiotic factors that they commonly encounter in aquatic environments. This universal requirement for energy singularizes mitochondria, the primary cellular energy transformers, as fundamental drivers of responses to environmental change. Our study probed the interacting effects of thermal stress, hypoxia-reoxygenation (HRO) and copper (Cu) exposure in rainbow trout to test the prediction that they act jointly to impair mitochondrial function. Rainbow trout were acclimated to 11 (controls) or 20°C for 2 months. Liver mitochondria were then isolated and their responses in vitro to Cu (0-20μM) without and with HRO were assessed. Sequential inhibition and activation of mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) enzyme complexes permitted the measurement of respiratory activities supported by complex I-IV (CI-IV) in one run. The results showed that warm acclimation reduced fish and liver weights but increased mitochondrial protein indicating impairment of energy metabolism, increased synthesis of defense proteins and/or reduced liver water content. Whereas acute rise (11→20°C) in temperature increased mitochondrial oxidation rates supported by CI-IV, warm acclimation reduced the maximal (state 3) and increased the basal (state 4) respiration leading to global uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). HRO profoundly inhibited both maximal and basal respiration rates supported by CI-IV, reduced RCR for all except CII and lowered CI:CII respiration ratio, an indication of decreased OXPHOS efficiency. The effects of Cu were less pronounced but more variable and included inhibition of CII-IV maximal respiration rates and stimulation of both CI and CIII basal respiration rates. Surprisingly, only CII and CIII indices exhibited significant 3-way interactions whereas 2-way interactions of acclimation either with Cu or HRO were portrayed mostly by CIV, and those of HRO and Cu were most common in CI and II respiratory indices. Our study suggests that warm acclimation blunts sensitivity of the ETS to temperature rise and that HRO and warm acclimation impose mitochondrial changes that sensitize the ETS to Cu. Overall, our study highlights the significance of the ETS in mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction caused by thermal stress, HRO and Cu exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Michelle MacDougald
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Health Sciences Centre, Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, BC, V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
García-Niño WR, Zazueta C. Ellagic acid: Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms involved in liver protection. Pharmacol Res 2015; 97:84-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
44
|
Korotkov SM, Emelyanova LV, Konovalova SA, Brailovskaya IV. Tl+ induces the permeability transition pore in Ca2+-loaded rat liver mitochondria energized by glutamate and malate. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1034-41. [PMID: 25910914 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is known that Ca2+ and heavy metals more actively induce MPTP opening in mitochondria, energized by the I complex substrates. Thus, a rise in a Tl+-induced MPTP was proposed in experiments on isolated rat liver mitochondria energized by the complex I substrate (glutamate and malate). Expose of the mitochondria to Ca2+ into a medium containing TlNO3, glutamate, and malate as well as sucrose or KNO3 resulted in a decrease in state 3, state 4, or DNP-stimulated respiration as well as an increase of both mitochondrial swelling and ΔΨmito dissipation. The MPTP inhibitors, CsA and ADP, almost completely eliminated the effect of Ca2+, which was more pronounced in the presence of the complex I substrates than the complex II substrate (succinate) and rotenone (Korotkov and Saris, 2011). The present study concludes that Tl+-induced MPTP opening is more appreciable in mitochondria energized by glutamate and malate but not succinate in the presence of rotenone. We assume that the Tl+-induced MPTP opening along with followed swelling and possible structural deformations of the complex I in Ca2+-loaded mitochondria may be a part of the thallium toxicity mechanism on mitochondria in living organisms. At the same time, oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ by mitochondrial oxygen reactive species is proposed for the mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St., Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Larisa V Emelyanova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St., Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Konovalova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St., Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V Brailovskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St., Petersburg, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Vergilio C, Carvalho C, Melo E. Mercury-induced dysfunctions in multiple organelles leading to cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
46
|
Martins M, Costa PM. The comet assay in Environmental Risk Assessment of marine pollutants: applications, assets and handicaps of surveying genotoxicity in non-model organisms. Mutagenesis 2014; 30:89-106. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
|
47
|
Sappal R, MacDonald N, Fast M, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Interactions of copper and thermal stress on mitochondrial bioenergetics in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 157:10-20. [PMID: 25310891 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress may influence how organisms respond to concurrent or subsequent chemical, physical and biotic stressors. To unveil the potential mechanisms via which thermal stress modulates metals-induced bioenergetic disturbances, the interacting effects of temperature and copper (Cu) were investigated in vitro. Mitochondria isolated from rainbow trout livers were exposed to a range of Cu concentrations at three temperatures (5, 15 and 25 °C) with measurement of mitochondrial complex I (mtCI)-driven respiratory flux indices and uncoupler-stimulated respiration. Additional studies assessed effects of temperature and Cu on mtCI enzyme activity, induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), swelling kinetics and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Maximal and basal respiration rates, as well as the proton leak, increased with temperature with the Q10 effects being higher at lower temperatures. The effect of Cu depended on the mitochondrial functional state in that the maximal respiration was monotonically inhibited by Cu exposure while low and high Cu concentrations stimulated and inhibited the basal respiration/proton leak, respectively. Importantly, temperature exacerbated the effects of Cu by lowering the concentration of the metal required for toxicity and causing loss of thermal dependence of mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial complex I activity was inhibited by Cu but was not affected by incubation temperature. Compared with the calcium (Ca) positive control, Cu-imposed mitochondrial swelling exhibited variable kinetics depending on the inducing conditions, and was highly temperature-sensitive. A partial reversal of the Cu-induced swelling by cyclosporine A was observed suggesting that it is in part mediated by MPTP. Interestingly, the combination of high Cu and high temperature not only completely inhibited mitochondrial swelling but also greatly increased the respiratory control ratio (RCR) relative to the controls. Copper exposure also caused marked MMP dissipation which was reversed by N-acetyl cysteine and vitamin E suggesting a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this response. Taken together, Cu impairs oxidative phosphorylation in part by inhibiting the electron transport chain (ETC), stimulating proton leak, inducing MPTP and dissipating MMP, with high temperature exacerbating these effects. Thus environmental temperature rise due to natural phenomenon or global climate change may sensitize fish to Cu toxicity by exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Nicole MacDonald
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, BC V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vernau K, Napoli E, Wong S, Ross-Inta C, Cameron J, Bannasch D, Bollen A, Dickinson P, Giulivi C. Thiamine Deficiency-Mediated Brain Mitochondrial Pathology in Alaskan Huskies with Mutation in SLC19A3.1. Brain Pathol 2014; 25:441-53. [PMID: 25117056 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alaskan Husky encephalopathy (AHE(1) ) is a fatal brain disease associated with a mutation in SLC19A3.1 (c.624insTTGC, c.625C>A). This gene encodes for a thiamine transporter 2 with a predominately (CNS) central nervous system distribution. Considering that brain is particularly vulnerable to thiamine deficiency because of its reliance on thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, we characterized the impact of this mutation on thiamine status, brain bioenergetics and the contribution of oxidative stress to this phenotype. In silico modeling of the mutated transporter indicated a significant loss of alpha-helices resulting in a more open protein structure suggesting an impaired thiamine transport ability. The cerebral cortex and thalamus of affected dogs were severely deficient in TPP-dependent enzymes accompanied by decreases in mitochondrial mass and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, and increases in oxidative stress. These results along with the behavioral and pathological findings indicate that the phenotype associated with AHE is consistent with a brain-specific thiamine deficiency, leading to brain mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. While some of the biochemical deficits, neurobehavior and affected brain areas in AHE were shared by Wernicke's and Korsakoff's syndromes, several differences were noted likely arising from a tissue-specific vs. that from a whole-body thiamine deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Wong
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Ross-Inta
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessie Cameron
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Andrew Bollen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, Sacramento, CA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
MA YONGJIANG, TIAN MIAO, LIU PIN, WANG ZILING, GUAN YUAN, LIU YAN, WANG YUTANG, SHAN ZHAOLIANG. Piperine effectively protects primary cultured atrial myocytes from oxidative damage in the infant rabbit model. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2627-32. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
50
|
Dutta M, Ghosh AK, Mishra P, Jain G, Rangari V, Chattopadhyay A, Das T, Bhowmick D, Bandyopadhyay D. Protective effects of piperine against copper-ascorbate induced toxic injury to goat cardiac mitochondria in vitro. Food Funct 2014; 5:2252-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|