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Noels H, Jankowski V, Schunk SJ, Vanholder R, Kalim S, Jankowski J. Post-translational modifications in kidney diseases and associated cardiovascular risk. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:495-512. [PMID: 38664592 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased cardiovascular risk compared with the general population, which is driven, at least in part, by mechanisms that are uniquely associated with kidney disease. In CKD, increased levels of oxidative stress and uraemic retention solutes, including urea and advanced glycation end products, enhance non-enzymatic post-translational modification events, such as protein oxidation, glycation, carbamylation and guanidinylation. Alterations in enzymatic post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, ubiquitination, acetylation and methylation are also detected in CKD. Post-translational modifications can alter the structure and function of proteins and lipoprotein particles, thereby affecting cellular processes. In CKD, evidence suggests that post-translationally modified proteins can contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis, and induce vascular damage or prothrombotic effects, which might contribute to CKD progression and/or increase cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD. Consequently, post-translational protein modifications prevalent in CKD might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers and indicators of disease activity that could be used to guide and evaluate therapeutic interventions, in addition to providing potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan J Schunk
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sahir Kalim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
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2
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Cheng Q, Liu QQ, Lu CA. A state-of-the-science review of using mitochondrial DNA copy number as a biomarker for environmental exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123642. [PMID: 38402934 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles in eukaryotes, and contain their own genomes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), to supply energy to cells by generating ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the threat to mitochondria' integrity and health resulting from environmental exposure could induce adverse health effects in organisms. In this review, we summarized the association between mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and environmental exposures as reported in the literature. We conducted a literature search in the Web of Science using [Mitochondrial DNA copy number] and [Exposure] as two keywords and employed three selection criteria for the final inclusion of 97 papers for review. The consensus of data was that mtDNAcn could be used as a plausible biomarker for cumulative exposures to environmental chemical and physical agents. In order to furtherly expand the application of mtDNAcn in ecological and environmental health research, we suggested a series of algorithms aiming to standardize the calculation of mtDNAcn based on the PCR results in this review. We also discussed the pitfalls of using whole blood/plasma samples for mtDNAcn measurements and regard buccal cells a plausible and practical alternative. Finally, we recognized the importance of better understanding the mechanistic analysis and regulatory mechanism of mtDNAcn, in particular the signals release and regulation pathways. We believe that the development of using mtDNAcn as an exposure biomarker will revolutionize the evaluation of chronic sub-lethal toxicity of chemicals to organisms in ecological and environmental health research that has not yet been implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Qing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Chensheng Alex Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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3
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Du R, Liu JS, Huang H, Liu YX, Jin JY, Wang CY, Dong Y, Fan LL, Xiang R. RTN3 deficiency exacerbates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through the disruption of mitochondrial stability. Mitochondrion 2024; 75:101851. [PMID: 38336146 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Reticulum 3 (RTN3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that has been reported to act in neurodegenerative diseases and lipid metabolism. However, the role of RTN3 in acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been explored. Here, we employed public datasets, patient data, and animal models to explore the role of RTN3 in AKI. The underlying mechanisms were studied in primary renal tubular epithelial cells and in the HK2 cell line. We found reduced expression of RTN3 in AKI patients, cisplatin-induced mice, and cisplatin-treated HK2 cells. RTN3-null mice exhibit more severe AKI symptoms and kidney fibrosis after cisplatin treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also found in cells with RTN3 knockdown or knockout. A mechanistic study revealed that RTN3 can interact with HSPA9 in kidney cells. RTN3 deficiency may disrupt the RTN3-HSPA9-VDAC2 complex and affect MAMs during ER-mitochondrion contact, which further leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and exacerbates cisplatin-induced AKI. Our study indicated that RTN3 was important in the kidney and that a decrease in RTN3 in the kidney might be a risk factor for the aggravation of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Du
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ji-Shi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yu-Xing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jie-Yuan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liang-Liang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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4
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Koller A, Filosi M, Weissensteiner H, Fazzini F, Gorski M, Pattaro C, Schönherr S, Forer L, Herold JM, Stark KJ, Döttelmayer P, Hicks AA, Pramstaller PP, Würzner R, Eckardt KU, Heid IM, Fuchsberger C, Lamina C, Kronenberg F. Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic variants associated with mitochondrial DNA copy number. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2083. [PMID: 38267512 PMCID: PMC10808213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction associated with several diseases. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed to unravel underlying mechanisms of mtDNA-CN regulation. However, the identified gene regions explain only a small fraction of mtDNA-CN variability. Most of this data has been estimated from microarrays based on various pipelines. In the present study we aimed to (1) identify genetic loci for qPCR-measured mtDNA-CN from three studies (16,130 participants) using GWAS, (2) identify potential systematic differences between our qPCR derived mtDNA-CN measurements compared to the published microarray intensity-based estimates, and (3) disentangle the nuclear from mitochondrial regulation of the mtDNA-CN phenotype. We identified two genome-wide significant autosomal loci associated with qPCR-measured mtDNA-CN: at HBS1L (rs4895440, p = 3.39 × 10-13) and GSDMA (rs56030650, p = 4.85 × 10-08) genes. Moreover, 113/115 of the previously published SNPs identified by microarray-based analyses were significantly equivalent with our findings. In our study, the mitochondrial genome itself contributed only marginally to mtDNA-CN regulation as we only detected a single rare mitochondrial variant associated with mtDNA-CN. Furthermore, we incorporated mitochondrial haplogroups into our analyses to explore their potential impact on mtDNA-CN. However, our findings indicate that they do not exert any significant influence on our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Koller
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michele Filosi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federica Fazzini
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Janina M Herold
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus J Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Döttelmayer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Reinhard Würzner
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- German Chronic Kidney Disease Study, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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5
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Fukunaga H, Ikeda A. Mitochondrial DNA copy number variation across three generations: a possible biomarker for assessing perinatal outcomes. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:113. [PMID: 38098033 PMCID: PMC10722810 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria have their own circular multi-copy genome (mtDNA), and abnormalities in the copy number are implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, which contributes to a variety of aging-related pathologies. However, not much is known about the genetic correlation of mtDNA copy number across multiple generations and its physiological significance. METHODS We measured the mtDNA copy number in cord blood or peripheral blood from 149 three-generation families, specifically the newborns, parents, and grandparents, of 149 families, totaling 1041 individuals. All of the biological specimens and information were provided by the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project in Japan. We also analyzed their maternal factors during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS While the maternal peripheral blood mtDNA copy number was lower than that of other adult family members, it was negatively correlated with cord blood mtDNA copy number in male infants. Also, cord blood mtDNA copy numbers were negatively correlated with perinatal outcomes, such as gestation age, birth weight, and umbilical cord length, for both male and female neonates. Furthermore, the mtDNA copy number in the infants born to mothers who took folic acid supplements during pregnancy would be lower than in the infants born to mothers who did not take them. CONCLUSIONS This data-driven study offers the most comprehensive view to date on the genetic and physiological significance of mtDNA copy number in cord blood or peripheral blood taken from three generations, totaling more than 1000 individuals. Our findings indicate that mtDNA copy number would be one of the transgenerational biomarkers for assessing perinatal outcomes, as well as that appropriate medical interventions could improve the outcomes via quantitative changes in mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Fukunaga
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Atsuko Ikeda
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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6
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Liu J, Wang R, Luo N, Li Z, Mao H, Zhou Y. Mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood of IgA nephropathy: a cross-sectional study. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2182133. [PMID: 36880600 PMCID: PMC10013479 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2182133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (CN) is a biomarker of mitochondrial function and has been reported associated with kidney disease. However, its association with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common cause of glomerulonephritis (GN), has not been evaluated. We included 664 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN and measured mtDNA-CN in peripheral blood by multiplexed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We examined the associations between mtDNA-CN and clinical variables and found that patients with higher mtDNA-CN had higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = 0.1009, p = .0092) and lower serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid (UA) (r=-0.1101, -0.1023, -0.07806, respectively, all p values <.05). In terms of pathological injury, mtDNA-CN was higher in patients with less mesangial hypercellularity (p = .0385, M0 vs. M1 score by Oxford classification). Multivariable logistic regression analyses also showed that mtDNA-CN was lower for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (defined as eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) vs. mild renal impairment, with the odds ratio of 0.757 (95% confidence interval: 0.579-0.990, p = .042). In conclusion, mtDNA-CN was correlated with better renal function and less pathological injury in patients with IgAN, proposing that systemic mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in or reflect the development of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Epidemiology Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Cai X, Li X, Liang C, Zhang M, Xu Y, Dong Z, Weng Y, Yu W. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with Crohn's disease: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21016. [PMID: 38030696 PMCID: PMC10687096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA plays a critical role in the pathophysiological process of inflammation. However, the relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remains poorly understood. We conducted a comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) using three instrumental variables (IVs) to explore the causal associations between mtDNA-CN and IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC). MR-Egger regression, weighted median, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), and weighted mode methods were used to evaluate the potential causal associations. The robustness of the IVW estimates was determined using the leave-one-out sensitivity test. A meta-analysis was conducted to pool the results from the three sets of IVs. Upon analysis, the findings of the current study revealed that genetically predicted mtDNA-CN was not associated with IBD (CD + UC) and UC. The results of MR analyses between mtDNA-CN and CD risk were inconsistent by using three sets of IVs. After a meta-analysis, we found that genetically predicted mtDNA-CN was associated with CD risk (odds ratio = 2.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.37-3.18). This finding was also confirmed by multivariable MR analyses and remained robust when tested with the leave-one-out sensitivity test. In conclusion, genetically predicted mtDNA-CN was found to be associated with CD risk. Therefore, mtDNA levels in the blood could potentially be used as a marker for CD risk assessment. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and validate the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlei Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaozun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhebin Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihui Weng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiming Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Oda N, Sugihara K, Uebanso T, Ohminami H, Ohnishi K, Masuda M, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Taketani Y. Dietary phosphate disturbs of gut microbiome in mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:221-227. [PMID: 37970557 PMCID: PMC10636580 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorder of phosphate metabolism is a common pathological condition in chronic kidney disease patients. Excessive intake of dietary phosphate deteriorates chronic kidney disease and various complications including cardiovascular and infectious diseases. Recent reports have demonstrated that gut microbiome disturbance is associated with both the etiology and progression of chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between dietary phosphate and gut microbiome remains unknown. Here, we examined the effects of excessive intake of phosphate on gut microbiome. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either control diet or high phosphate diet for eight weeks. Analysis of the gut microbiota was carried out using MiSeq next generation sequencer, and short-chain fatty acids were determined with GC-MS. In analysis of gut microbiota, significantly increased in Erysipelotrichaceae and decreased in Ruminococcaceae were observed in high phosphate diet group. Furthermore, high phosphate diet induced reduction of microbial diversity and decreased mRNA levels of colonic tight junction markers. These results suggest that the excessive intake of dietary phosphate disturbs gut microbiota and affects intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Oda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kohei Sugihara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takashi Uebanso
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohminami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kohta Ohnishi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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9
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MtDNA copy number (CN), a putative noninvasive biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, is associated with renal disease. The purpose of this review is to describe studies which measured human blood mtDNA-CN in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to evaluate its potential as a clinical biomarker of kidney disease. RECENT FINDINGS Following on from small scale cross-sectional studies implicating mtDNA-CN changes in diabetic kidney disease, recent large scale population studies provide compelling evidence of the association of mtDNA-CN and risk of renal disease in the general population and poor outcomes in CKD patients. SUMMARY The kidney has high bioenergetic needs, renal cells are rich in mitochondrial content containing 100s to 1000s of mtDNA molecular per cell. MtDNA has emerged as both a potential mediator, and a putative biomarker of renal disease. Damage to mtDNA can result in bioenergetic deficit, and reduced MtDNA levels in the blood have been shown to correlate with CKD. Furthermore, leakage of mtDNA outside of mitochondria into the cytosol/periphery can directly cause inflammation and is implicated in acute kidney injury (AKI). Recent large-scale population studies show the association of mtDNA-CN and renal disease and provide a strong basis for the future evaluation of circulating DNA-CN in longitudinal studies to determine its utility as a clinical biomarker for monitoring renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan N Malik
- King's College London, Diabetes and Obesity, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Metabolic Sciences, Guy's Campus, London, UK
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10
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Liu X, Sun X, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Lai M, Wiggins KL, Raffield LM, Bielak LF, Zhao W, Pitsillides A, Haessler J, Zheng Y, Blackwell TW, Yao J, Guo X, Qian Y, Thyagarajan B, Pankratz N, Rich SS, Taylor KD, Peyser PA, Heckbert SR, Seshadri S, Boerwinkle E, Grove ML, Larson NB, Smith JA, Vasan RS, Fitzpatrick AL, Fornage M, Ding J, Carson AP, Abecasis G, Dupuis J, Reiner A, Kooperberg C, Hou L, Psaty BM, Wilson JG, Levy D, Rotter JI, Bis JC, Satizabal CL, Arking DE, Liu C. Association Between Whole Blood-Derived Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029090. [PMID: 37804200 PMCID: PMC10757530 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA CN) and cardiovascular disease remains elusive. Methods and Results We performed cross-sectional and prospective association analyses of blood-derived mtDNA CN and cardiovascular disease outcomes in 27 316 participants in 8 cohorts of multiple racial and ethnic groups with whole-genome sequencing. We also performed Mendelian randomization to explore causal relationships of mtDNA CN with coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiometabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia). P<0.01 was used for significance. We validated most of the previously reported associations between mtDNA CN and cardiovascular disease outcomes. For example, 1-SD unit lower level of mtDNA CN was associated with 1.08 (95% CI, 1.04-1.12; P<0.001) times the hazard for developing incident CHD, adjusting for covariates. Mendelian randomization analyses showed no causal effect from a lower level of mtDNA CN to a higher CHD risk (β=0.091; P=0.11) or in the reverse direction (β=-0.012; P=0.076). Additional bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses revealed that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had a causal effect on mtDNA CN (β=-0.084; P<0.001), but the reverse direction was not significant (P=0.059). No causal associations were observed between mtDNA CN and obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, in either direction. Multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses showed no causal effect of CHD on mtDNA CN, controlling for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P=0.52), whereas there was a strong direct causal effect of higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on lower mtDNA CN, adjusting for CHD status (β=-0.092; P<0.001). Conclusions Our findings indicate that high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may underlie the complex relationships between mtDNA CN and vascular atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Xianbang Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Yuankai Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Wenqing Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Meng Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Kerri L. Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social ResearchUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | | | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Division of Public Health ScienceSeattleWAUSA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | | | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA
| | - Yong Qian
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Computational PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health GenomicsUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFraminghamMAUSA
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Megan L. Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
| | - Nicholas B. Larson
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterMNUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social ResearchUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFraminghamMAUSA
- Sections of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, and Cardiovascular MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human GeneticsUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jun Ding
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - April P. Carson
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- TOPMed Informatics Research CenterUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global HealthMcGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Alexander Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Division of Public Health ScienceSeattleWAUSA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Division of Public Health ScienceSeattleWAUSA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - James G. Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFraminghamMAUSA
- Population Sciences BranchNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthMDBethesdaUSA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | | | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFraminghamMAUSA
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick‐Nathans InstituteDepartment of Genetic MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineMDBaltimoreUSA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFraminghamMAUSA
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11
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Liu Y, Pan Y, Tian Z, Wang J, Chen F, Geng Z, Li Q, Liu Z, Zhou X, Zhou K. Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with chronic kidney disease in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:514. [PMID: 37620817 PMCID: PMC10463711 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Estimation of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is considered a convenient method for representing mitochondrial function in large samples. However, no study has investigated the association between mtDNA-CN and CKD in older adults with the highest prevalence. The objective is to examine cross-sectional and prospective associations between mtDNA-CN values and CKD risk in older adults to determine whether mtDNA-CN represents a novel potential biomarker for the recognition of CKD risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a Chinese community-based cohort of over 65-year-olds, we included 14,467 participants (52.6% females). CKD was defined by eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or ICD-10 codes (patients = 3831 (26.5%)). Participants had peripheral blood levels of mtDNA-CN calculated from probe intensities of the Axiom CAS Array. RESULTS The risk of CKD prevalence decreased with mtDNA-CN per 1-SD increment, independent of established risk factors for older CKD (odds ratio [OR] per SD 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86, 0.93, P < 0.001), and has comparable strength of association with these established risk factors. Furthermore, the progression of kidney function was stratified according to the worsening of eGFR categories. The risk of kidney function progression to a more severe stage gradually decreased as the mtDNA-CN increased (P trend < 0.001). Non-CKD participants in the highest quartile of mtDNA-CN had a lower risk of developing CKD compared to the lowest quartile within 2 years of follow-up, reducing the risk of CKD by 36% (95% CI 0.42, 0.97; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Based on the analysis of the largest sample to date investigating the association between mtDNA-CN and CKD in older adults, higher levels of mtDNA-CN were found to be associated with a lower risk of CKD, suggesting that a reduced level of mtDNA-CN is a potential risk factor for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, 215300, Suzhou, China
| | - Zijian Tian
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhaoxu Geng
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixin Zhou
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510000, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Bhatia D, Choi ME. Autophagy and mitophagy: physiological implications in kidney inflammation and diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F1-F21. [PMID: 37167272 PMCID: PMC10292977 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00012.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous intracellular cytoprotective quality control program that maintains cellular homeostasis by recycling superfluous cytoplasmic components (lipid droplets, protein, or glycogen aggregates) and invading pathogens. Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy that by recycling damaged mitochondrial material, which can extracellularly act as damage-associated molecular patterns, prevents their release. Autophagy and mitophagy are indispensable for the maintenance of kidney homeostasis and exert crucial functions during both physiological and disease conditions. Impaired autophagy and mitophagy can negatively impact the pathophysiological state and promote its progression. Autophagy helps in maintaining structural integrity of the kidney. Mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial quality control is explicitly critical for regulating cellular homeostasis in the kidney. Both autophagy and mitophagy attenuate inflammatory responses in the kidney. An accumulating body of evidence highlights that persistent kidney injury-induced oxidative stress can contribute to dysregulated autophagic and mitophagic responses and cell death. Autophagy and mitophagy also communicate with programmed cell death pathways (apoptosis and necroptosis) and play important roles in cell survival by preventing nutrient deprivation and regulating oxidative stress. Autophagy and mitophagy are activated in the kidney after acute injury. However, their aberrant hyperactivation can be deleterious and cause tissue damage. The findings on the functions of autophagy and mitophagy in various models of chronic kidney disease are heterogeneous and cell type- and context-specific dependent. In this review, we discuss the roles of autophagy and mitophagy in the kidney in regulating inflammatory responses and during various pathological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatia
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Mary E Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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13
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Prem PN, Chellappan DR, Kurian GA. Impaired renal ischemia reperfusion recovery after bilateral renal artery ligation in rats treated with adenine: role of renal mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:219-232. [PMID: 37392294 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) and ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is characterised to have mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the impact of dysfunctional mitochondria associated with vascular calcified rat kidney challenged to IR is not explored and is addressed in the present study. Male Wistar rats were treated with adenine for 20 days to induce chronic kidney dysfunction and VC. After 63 days, renal IR protocol was performed with subsequent recovery for 24 h and 7 days. Various mitochondrial parameters and biochemical assays were performed to assess kidney function, IR injury and its recovery. Adenine-induced rats with VC, decreased creatinine clearance (CrCl), and severe tissue injury demonstrated an increase in renal tissue damage and decreased CrCl after 24 h of IR (CrCl in ml: IR-0.220.02, VC-IR-0.050.01). Incidentally, the 24 h IR pathology in kidney was similar in both VC-IR and normal rat IR. But, the magnitude of dysfunction was higher with VC-IR due to pre-existing basal tissue alterations. We found severed deterioration in mitochondrial quantity and quality supported by low bioenergetic function in both VC basal tissue and IR challenged sample. However, post 7 days of IR, unlike normal rat IR, VC rat IR did not improve CrCl and corresponding mitochondrial damage in terms of quantity and its function were observed. Based on the above findings, we conclude that IR in VC rat adversely affect the post-surgical recovery, mainly due to the ineffective renal mitochondrial functional restoration from the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka N Prem
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Vascular Biology lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - David Raj Chellappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Vascular Biology lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Zhang W, Lin S, Zeng B, Chen X, Chen L, Chen M, Guo W, Lin Y, Yu L, Hou J, Li Y, Li S, Jin X, Cai W, Zhang K, Nie Q, Chen H, Li J, He P, Cai Q, Qiu Y, Wang C, Fu F. High leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number contributes to poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:377. [PMID: 37098487 PMCID: PMC10131463 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence has indicated a significant association between leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and prognosis of several malignancies in a cancer-specific manner. However, whether leukocyte mtDNAcn can predict the clinical outcome of breast cancer (BC) patients has not been well investigated. METHODS The mtDNA copy number of peripheral blood leukocytes from 661 BC patients was measured using a Multiplex AccuCopy™Kit based on a multiplex fluorescence competitive PCR principle. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression model were applied to investigate the association of mtDNAcn with invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), breast cancer special survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS) of patients. The possible mtDNAcn-environment interactions were also evaluated by the Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS BC patients with higher leukocyte mtDNA-CN exhibited a significantly worse iDFS than those with lower leukocyte mtDNAcn (5-year iDFS: fully-adjusted model: HR = 1.433[95%CI 1.038-1.978], P = 0.028). Interaction analyses showed that mtDNAcn was significantly associated with hormone receptor status (adjusted p for interaction: 5-year BCSS: 0.028, 5-year OS: 0.022), so further analysis was mainly in the HR subgroup. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that mtDNAcn was an independent prognostic factor for both BCSS and OS in HR-positive patients (HR+: 5-year BCSS: adjusted HR (aHR) = 2.340[95% CI 1.163-4.708], P = 0.017 and 5-year OS: aHR = 2.446 [95% CI 1.218-4.913], P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our study demonstrated that leukocyte mtDNA copy number might influence the outcome of early-stage breast cancer patients depending on intrinsic tumor subtypes in Chinese women.
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Grants
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2018Y9055 Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2019-WJ-23 Joint Key Funds for the Health and Education of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- 2021J01737 Joint Key Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Songping Lin
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bangwei Zeng
- Nosocomial Infection Control Branch, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Minyan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yuxiang Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liuwen Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jialin Hou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shengmei Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xuan Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Weifeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qian Nie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hanxi Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qindong Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29, Xin Quan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
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15
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Su Y, Hou C, Wang M, Ren K, Zhou D, Liu X, Zhao S, Liu X. Metformin induces mitochondrial fission and reduces energy metabolism by targeting respiratory chain complex I in hepatic stellate cells to reverse liver fibrosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 157:106375. [PMID: 36716817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are critical processes for the treatment of liver fibrosis. It is necessary to identify effective drugs for the treatment of liver fibrosis and elucidate their mechanisms of action. Metformin can inhibit HSCs; however, no systematic studies demonstrating the effects of metformin on mitochondria in HSCs have been reported. This study demonstrated that metformin induces mitochondrial fission by phosphorylating AMPK/DRP1 (S616) in HSCs to decrease the expression of α-SMA and collagen. Additionally, metformin repressed the total ATP production rate, especially the production rate of ATP produced through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of complex I. Further analysis revealed that metformin strongly constrained the transcription of mitochondrial genes (ND1-ND6 and ND4L) that encode the core subunits of respiratory chain I. Upregulation of the mRNA expression of HK2 and GLUT1 slightly enhanced glycolysis. Additionally, metformin increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number to suppress the proliferation and activation of HSCs, indicating that mtDNA copy number can alter the fate of HSCs. In conclusion, metformin can induce mitochondrial fragmentation and low-level energy metabolism in HSCs, thereby suppressing HSCs activation and proliferation to reverse liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenjian Hou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meili Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kehan Ren
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Danmei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shanyu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiuping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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16
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The potential role of environmental factors in modulating mitochondrial DNA epigenetic marks. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 122:107-145. [PMID: 36863791 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Many studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of numerous chronic diseases. Mitochondria are responsible for most cellular energy production, and unlike other cytoplasmic organelles, mitochondria contain their own genome. Most research to date, through investigating mitochondrial DNA copy number, has focused on larger structural changes or alterations to the entire mitochondrial genome and their role in human disease. Using these methods, mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to cancers, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic health. However, like the nuclear genome, the mitochondrial genome may experience epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation that may partially explain some of the health effects of various exposures. Recently, there has been a movement to understand human health and disease within the context of the exposome, which aims to describe and quantify the entirety of all exposures people encounter throughout their lives. These include, among others, environmental pollutants, occupational exposures, heavy metals, and lifestyle and behavioral factors. In this chapter, we summarize the current research on mitochondria and human health, provide an overview of the current knowledge on mitochondrial epigenetics, and describe the experimental and epidemiologic studies that have investigated particular exposures and their relationships with mitochondrial epigenetic modifications. We conclude the chapter with suggestions for future directions in epidemiologic and experimental research that is needed to advance the growing field of mitochondrial epigenetics.
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17
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Wu IC, Liu CS, Cheng WL, Lin TT, Chen HL, Chen PF, Wu RC, Huang CW, Hsiung CA, Hsu CC. Association of leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number with longitudinal C-reactive protein levels and survival in older adults: a cohort study. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:62. [PMID: 36494677 PMCID: PMC9733307 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic chronic inflammation occurs with age. The association of the leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number, a measure of mitochondrial function in aging, with the temporal profile of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and mortality risk remains uncertain. The objectives of this study were to examine the association of the leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number with longitudinal high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and the association of the longitudinal high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels with mortality risk. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 3928 adults aged ≥ 55 years without systemic inflammation in the baseline examination of the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan, which started in 2009. Each participant received leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number measurement using a fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction at baseline, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements at baseline and the follow-up examination five years later, and the ascertainment of all-cause death (until November 30, 2021). The relationships among the leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number, longitudinal serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and time to all-cause mortality were examined using the joint longitudinal and survival modeling analysis. RESULTS Of the 3928 participants (mean age: 69 years; 2060 [52%] were women), 837 (21%) died during follow-up. In the adjusted analysis, one standard deviation lower natural log-transformed baseline leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number was associated with an increase of 0.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02 to 0.08) standard deviation in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in subsequent years. An increase of 1 standard deviation in instantaneous high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.30). Similar results were obtained after further adjusting for baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (HR [95% CI], 1.27 [1.16 to 1.38]) and after excluding those with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein above 10 mg/L (HR [95% CI], 1.21[1.11 to 1.31]) or 3 mg/L (HR [95% CI], 1.19 [1.06 to 1.31]) during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A lower leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number was associated with persistently higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Moreover, these higher time-varying high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were instantaneously associated with a higher risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chien Wu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- grid.413814.b0000 0004 0572 7372Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ,grid.413814.b0000 0004 0572 7372Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- grid.413814.b0000 0004 0572 7372Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- grid.413814.b0000 0004 0572 7372Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fen Chen
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Ray-Chin Wu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Huang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan
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18
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Lee H, Kim H, Jeon JS, Noh H, Park R, Byun DW, Kim HJ, Suh K, Park HK, Kwon SH. Empagliflozin suppresses urinary mitochondrial DNA copy numbers and interleukin-1β in type 2 diabetes patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19103. [PMID: 36351983 PMCID: PMC9646895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes remain elusive. We evaluated whether empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory milieu of the kidneys in T2DM patients. We prospectively measured copy numbers of urinary and serum mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-1 (mtND-1) and cytochrome-c oxidase 3 (mtCOX-3) and urinary interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in healthy volunteers (n = 22), in SGLT2 inhibitor-naïve T2DM patients (n = 21) at baseline, and in T2DM patients after 3 months of treatment with empagliflozin (10 mg, n = 17 or 25 mg, n = 4). Both urinary mtDNA copy numbers and IL-1β levels were higher in the T2DM group than in healthy volunteers. Baseline copy numbers of serum mtCOX-3 in the T2DM group were lower than those in healthy volunteers. Empagliflozin induced marked reduction in both urinary and serum mtND-1 and mtCOX-3 copy numbers, as well as in urinary IL-1β. Empagliflozin could attenuate mitochondrial damage and inhibit inflammatory response in T2DM patients. This would explain the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haekyung Lee
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungnae Kim
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Jeon
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Noh
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Rojin Park
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Byun
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Kim
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoil Suh
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Park
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyo Kwon
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
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19
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Ho JQ, Abramowitz MK. Clinical Consequences of Metabolic Acidosis-Muscle. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2022; 29:395-405. [PMID: 36175077 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis is common in people with chronic kidney disease and can contribute to functional decline, morbidity, and mortality. One avenue through which metabolic acidosis can result in these adverse clinical outcomes is by negatively impacting skeletal muscle; this can occur through several pathways. First, metabolic acidosis promotes protein degradation and impairs protein synthesis, which lead to muscle breakdown. Second, metabolic acidosis hinders mitochondrial function, which decreases oxidative phosphorylation and reduces energy production. Third, metabolic acidosis directly limits muscle contraction. The purpose of this review is to examine the specific mechanisms of each pathway through which metabolic acidosis affects muscle, the impact of metabolic acidosis on physical function, and the effect of treating metabolic acidosis on functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Q Ho
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Matthew K Abramowitz
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
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20
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He WJ, Li C, Huang Z, Geng S, Rao VS, Kelly TN, Hamm LL, Grams ME, Arking DE, Appel LJ, Rebholz CM. Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number with Risk of Progression of Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:966-975. [PMID: 35777833 PMCID: PMC9269623 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.15551121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial DNA copy number is a biomarker of mitochondrial function, which has been hypothesized to contribute to pathogenesis of CKD through podocyte injury, tubular epithelial cell damage, and endothelial dysfunction. The prospective association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with CKD progression has not been previously evaluated. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study participants had serum levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number calculated from probe intensities of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped on the Illumina HumanOmni 1-Quad Array. CKD progression was defined as kidney failure or halving of eGFR from baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios for mitochondrial DNA copy number and risk of CKD progression. RESULTS Among 2943 participants, mean age was 58 years, 45% were women, and 48% self-identified as Black. There were 1077 patients who experienced CKD progression over a median follow-up of 6.5 years. The incidence rate of CKD progression was highest for those in the lowest tertile of mitochondrial DNA copy number (tertile 1, 58.1; tertile 2, 50.8; tertile 3, 46.3 per 1000 person-years). Risk for CKD progression was higher for participants with lower levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number after adjustment for established risk factors (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.50]; for tertile 2 versus 3, hazard ratio, 0.99 [95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 1.16]; trend P=0.002). Similar results were seen among those with albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.47), but there were no statistically significant associations among individuals without albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 1.53; interaction P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest lower mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with higher risk of CKD progression, independent of established risk factors among patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. He
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Siyi Geng
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Varun S. Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tanika N. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - L. Lee Hamm
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dan E. Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence J. Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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21
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Kronenberg F, Eckardt KU. Mitochondrial DNA and Kidney Function. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:942-944. [PMID: 35777832 PMCID: PMC9269628 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.05820522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Solanky D, Fields JA, Iudicello JE, Ellis RJ, Franklin D, Clifford DB, Gelman BB, Marra CM, Morgello S, Rubin LH, Grant I, Heaton RK, Letendre SL, Mehta SR. Higher buccal mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial common deletion number are associated with markers of neurodegeneration and inflammation in cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurovirol 2022; 28:281-290. [PMID: 35157246 PMCID: PMC9352370 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-022-01052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is potentially associated with premature aging, but demonstrating this is difficult due to a lack of reliable biomarkers. The mitochondrial (mt) DNA "common deletion" mutation (mtCDM) is a 4977-bp deletion associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. We examined how mtDNA and mtCDM correlate with markers of neurodegeneration and inflammation in people with and without HIV (PWH and PWOH). Data from 149 adults were combined from two projects involving PWH (n = 124) and PWOH (n = 25). We measured buccal mtDNA and mtCDM by digital droplet PCR and compared them to disease and demographic characteristics and soluble biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood measured by immunoassay. Participants had a median age of 52 years, with 53% white and 81% men. Median mtDNA level was 1,332 copies/cell (IQR 1,201-1,493) and median mtCDM level was 0.36 copies × 102/cell (IQR 0.31-0.42); both were higher in PWH. In the best model adjusting for HIV status and demographics, higher mtDNA levels were associated with higher CSF amyloid-β 1-42 and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and higher mtCDM levels were associated with higher plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II. The differences in mtDNA markers between PWH and PWOH support potential premature aging in PWH. Our findings suggest mtDNA changes in oral tissues may reflect CNS processes, allowing the use of inexpensive and easily accessible buccal biospecimens as a screening tool for CSF inflammation and neurodegeneration. Confirmatory and mechanistic studies on mt genome alterations by HIV and ART may identify interventions to prevent or treat neurodegenerative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Solanky
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Jerel A Fields
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer E Iudicello
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Donald Franklin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David B Clifford
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Benjamin B Gelman
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Christina M Marra
- Deparment of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Susan Morgello
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt, Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert K Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Scott L Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sanjay R Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA.
- Infectious Diseases Division, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, 92161, USA.
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23
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Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Dysregulation Associate with Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine in Low-Birth-Weight Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060766. [PMID: 35327163 PMCID: PMC8944635 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) is a major concern in livestock production, resulting in poor postnatal growth, lowered efficiency of feed utilization, and impaired metabolic health in adult life. In the southwest region of China, birth weight of indigenous strains of goats varies seasonally with lower weights in summer and winter, but the metabolic regulation of the LBW offspring is still unknown. In this study, by comparing LBW goats to normal birth weight group, we examined hepatic lipid content in association with regulatory mechanisms. Histological studies showed higher microvesicular morphology in the liver of LBW goats in accompany with a significantly higher level of hepatic free fatty acids, total triglycerides, and cholesterols. Lipid metabolism impairment, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation were observed by transcriptome analysis. Meanwhile, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation further demonstrated lipid peroxidation, antioxidant pathway, and pro-inflammatory response involved in the hepatic lipid dysregulation from LBW group. Therefore, dysregulations of hepatic lipid metabolism, including fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation, lipid transportation, and oxidative stress, played important roles to contribute the lipid accumulation in LBW goats. Moreover, due to impaired antioxidant capacity, the oxidative damage could interact with persisting pro-inflammatory responses, leading to a higher risk of liver injury and metabolic syndromes in their adult life.
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Chong MR, Narula S, Morton R, Judge C, Akhabir L, Cawte N, Pathan N, Lali R, Mohammadi-Shemirani P, Shoamanesh A, O'Donnell M, Yusuf S, Langhorne P, Paré G. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number as a Marker and Mediator of Stroke Prognosis: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses. Neurology 2022; 98:e470-e482. [PMID: 34880091 PMCID: PMC8826461 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000013165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Low buffy coat mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with incident risk of stroke and poststroke mortality; however, its prognostic utility has not been extensively explored. Our goal was to investigate whether low buffy coat mtDNA-CN is a marker and causal determinant of poststroke outcomes using epidemiologic and genetic studies. METHODS First, we performed association testing between baseline buffy coat mtDNA-CN measurements and 1-month poststroke outcomes in 3,498 cases of acute, first stroke from 25 countries from the international, multicenter case-control study Importance of Conventional and Emerging Risk Factors of Stroke in Different Regions and Ethnic Groups of the World (INTERSTROKE). Then, we performed 2-sample mendelian randomization analyses to evaluate potential causative effects of low mtDNA-CN on 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Genetic variants associated with mtDNA-CN levels were derived from the UK Biobank study (N = 383,476), and corresponding effects on 3-month mRS score were ascertained from the Genetics of Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcome (GISCOME; N = 6,021) study. RESULTS A 1-SD lower mtDNA-CN at baseline was associated with stroke severity (baseline mRS score: odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.36; p = 4.7 × 10-12). Independently of baseline stroke severity, lower mtDNA-CN was associated with increased odds of greater 1-month disability (ordinal mRS score: OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08-1.24; p = 4.4 × 10-5), poor functional outcome status (mRS score 3-6 vs 0-2: OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08-1.34; p = 6.9 × 10-4), and mortality (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14-1.59; p = 3.9 × 10-4). Subgroup analyses demonstrated consistent effects across stroke type, sex, age, country income level, and education level. In addition, mtDNA-CN significantly improved reclassification of poor functional outcome status (net reclassification index [NRI] score 0.16, 95% CI 0.08-0.23; p = 3.6 × 10-5) and mortality (NRI score 0.31, 95% CI 0.19-0.43; p = 1.7 × 10-7) beyond known prognosticators. With the use of independent datasets, mendelian randomization revealed that a 1-SD decrease in genetically determined mtDNA-CN was associated with increased odds of greater 3-month disability quantified by ordinal mRS score (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.13-4.90; p = 0.02) and poor functional outcome status (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.05-6.86; p = 0.04). DISCUSSION Buffy coat mtDNA-CN is a novel and robust marker of poststroke prognosis that may also be a causal determinant of poststroke outcomes. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that low buffy coat mtDNA-CN (>1 SD) was associated with worse baseline severity and 1-month outcomes in patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Robert Chong
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Sukrit Narula
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert Morton
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Conor Judge
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Loubna Akhabir
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Nathan Cawte
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Nazia Pathan
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ricky Lali
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Pedrum Mohammadi-Shemirani
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ashkan Shoamanesh
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin O'Donnell
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Salim Yusuf
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter Langhorne
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Guillaume Paré
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., A.S., M.O., S.Y., G.P.), David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (M.R.C., S.N., R.M., C.J., L.A., N.C., N.P., R.L., P.M.-S., S.Y., G.P.); Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (M.R.C., G.P.), Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.C., R.M., P.M.-S., G.P.) and Medicine (L.A., A.S., S.Y., G.P.), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (S.N., R.L., S.Y., G.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; National University of Ireland Galway (C.J., M.O.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.L.), University of Glasgow, UK.
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Chong M, Mohammadi-Shemirani P, Perrot N, Nelson W, Morton R, Narula S, Lali R, Khan I, Khan M, Judge C, Machipisa T, Cawte N, O'Donnell M, Pigeyre M, Akhabir L, Paré G. GWAS and ExWAS of blood Mitochondrial DNA copy number identifies 71 loci and highlights a potential causal role in dementia. eLife 2022; 11:70382. [PMID: 35023831 PMCID: PMC8865845 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is an accessible blood-based measurement believed to capture underlying mitochondrial (MT) function. The specific biological processes underpinning its regulation, and whether those processes are causative for disease, is an area of active investigation. Methods: We developed a novel method for array-based mtDNA-CN estimation suitable for biobank-scale studies, called ‘automatic mitochondrial copy (AutoMitoC).’ We applied AutoMitoC to 395,781 UKBiobank study participants and performed genome- and exome-wide association studies, identifying novel common and rare genetic determinants. Finally, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization to assess whether genetically low mtDNA-CN influenced select MT phenotypes. Results: Overall, genetic analyses identified 71 loci for mtDNA-CN, which implicated several genes involved in rare mtDNA depletion disorders, deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) metabolism, and the MT central dogma. Rare variant analysis identified SAMHD1 mutation carriers as having higher mtDNA-CN (beta = 0.23 SDs; 95% CI, 0.18–0.29; p=2.6 × 10-19), a potential therapeutic target for patients with mtDNA depletion disorders, but at increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.52–2.40; p=2.7 × 10-8). Finally, Mendelian randomization analyses suggest a causal effect of low mtDNA-CN on dementia risk (OR = 1.94 per 1 SD decrease in mtDNA-CN; 95% CI, 1.55–2.32; p=7.5 × 10-4). Conclusions: Altogether, our genetic findings indicate that mtDNA-CN is a complex biomarker reflecting specific MT processes related to mtDNA regulation, and that these processes are causally related to human diseases. Funding: No funds supported this specific investigation. Awards and positions supporting authors include: Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarships Doctoral Award (MC, PM); CIHR Post-Doctoral Fellowship Award (RM); Wellcome Trust Grant number: 099313/B/12/A; Crasnow Travel Scholarship; Bongani Mayosi UCT-PHRI Scholarship 2019/2020 (TM); Wellcome Trust Health Research Board Irish Clinical Academic Training (ICAT) Programme Grant Number: 203930/B/16/Z (CJ); European Research Council COSIP Grant Number: 640580 (MO); E.J. Moran Campbell Internal Career Research Award (MP); CISCO Professorship in Integrated Health Systems and Canada Research Chair in Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology (GP) Our cells are powered by small internal compartments known as mitochondria, which host several copies of their own ‘mitochondrial’ genome. Defects in these semi-autonomous structures are associated with a range of severe, and sometimes fatal conditions: easily checking the health of mitochondria through cheap, quick and non-invasive methods can therefore help to improve human health. Measuring the concentration of mitochondrial DNA molecules in our blood cells can help to estimate the number of mitochondrial genome copies per cell, which in turn act as a proxy for the health of the compartment. In fact, having lower or higher concentration of mitochondrial DNA molecules is associated with diseases such as cancer, stroke, or cardiac conditions. However, current approaches to assess this biomarker are time and resource-intensive; they also do not work well across people with different ancestries, who have slightly different versions of mitochondrial genomes. In response, Chong et al. developed a new method for estimating mitochondrial DNA concentration in blood samples. Called AutoMitoC, the automated pipeline is fast, easy to use, and can be used across ethnicities. Applying this method to nearly 400,000 individuals highlighted 71 genetic regions for which slight sequence differences were associated with changes in mitochondrial DNA concentration. Further investigation revealed that these regions contained genes that help to build, maintain, and organize mitochondrial DNA. In addition, the analyses yield preliminary evidence showing that lower concentration of mitochondrial DNA may be linked to a higher risk of dementia. Overall, the work by Chong et al. demonstrates that AutoMitoC can be used to investigate how mitochondria are linked to health and disease in populations across the world, potentially paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Chong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | | | - Walter Nelson
- Centre for Data Science and Digital Health, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Robert Morton
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sukrit Narula
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ricky Lali
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Irfan Khan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khan
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Conor Judge
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tafadzwa Machipisa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nathan Cawte
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Marie Pigeyre
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Loubna Akhabir
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Gaetani S, Galzignati L, Marcati M, Durazzi P, Cianella A, Mocheggiani V, Monaco F, Bracci M, Neuzil J, Tomasetti M, Amati M, Santarelli L. Mitochondrial Function as Related to Psychological Distress in Health Care Professionals. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:40-49. [PMID: 34419997 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the association of psychological distress and radiation exposure as a work-related stressor with mitochondrial function in health care professionals. METHODS Health care professionals at a regional hospital in Italy were evaluated for physical health and psychological measures using self-report questionnaires (n = 41; mean age = 47.6 [13.1] years; 66% women). In a second sample, individuals exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation (IR; likely effective dose exceeding 6 mSv/y; n = 63, mean age = 45.8 [8.8] years; 62% women) were compared with health care workers with low IR (n = 57; mean age = 47.2 [9.5] years; 65% women) because exposure to a toxic agent might act as a (work-related) stressor. Associations were examined between psychological factors (12-item General Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale), work ability (Work Ability Index), and IR exposure at the workplace with markers of mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial redox activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, biogenesis, and mtDNA damage response measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS All participants were in good physical health. Individuals reporting high levels of psychological distress showed lower mitochondrial biogenesis as indicated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α and lower nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) expression (2.5 [1.0] versus 1.0 [0.9] relative expression [rel exp], p = .035, and 31.5 [5.0] versus 19.4 [6.9] rel exp, p = .013, respectively). However, exposure to toxic agents (IR) was primarily associated with mitochondrial metabolism and reduced mtDNA integrity. Participants with IR exposure displayed higher mitochondrial redox activity (4480 [1202] mean fluorescence intensity [MFI]/min versus 3376 [983] MFI/min, p < .001) and lower mitochondrial membrane potential (0.89 [0.09] MFI versus 0.95 [0.11] MFI, p = .001), and reduced mtDNA integrity (1.18 [0.21] rel exp versus 3.48 [1.57] rel exp, p < .001) compared with nonexposed individuals. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the notion that psychological distress and potential stressors related to toxic agents might influence various aspects of mitochondrial biology, and that chronic stress exposure can lead to molecular and functional recalibrations among mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gaetani
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine (Gaetani, Galzignati, Marcati, Durazzi, Cianella, Mocheggiani, Monaco, Bracci, Tomasetti, Amati, Santarelli), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; School of Medical Science (Neuzil), Griffith University, Southport, Australia; and Institute of Biotechnology (Neuzil), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kumar K, Venturas M, Needleman DJ, Racowsky C, Wells D. Extensive analysis of mitochondrial DNA quantity and sequence variation in human cumulus cells and assisted reproduction outcomes. Hum Reprod 2021; 37:66-79. [PMID: 34755183 PMCID: PMC8730313 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) variants in human cumulus cells (CCs) associated with oocyte reproductive potential and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Neither the CC mtDNA quantity nor the presence of specific mtDNA genetic variants was associated with ART outcomes, although associations with patient body mass index (BMI) were detected, and the total number of oocytes retrieved differed between major mitochondrial haplogroups. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY CCs fulfil a vital role in the support of oocyte developmental competence. As with other cell types, appropriate cellular function is likely to rely upon adequate energy production, which in turn depends on the quantity and genetic competence of the mitochondria. mtDNA mutations can be inherited or they can accumulate in somatic cells over time, potentially contributing to aging. Such mutations may be homoplasmic (affecting all mtDNA in a cell) or they may display varying levels of heteroplasmy (affecting a proportion of the mtDNA). Currently, little is known concerning variation in CC mitochondrial genetics and how this might influence the reproductive potential of the associated oocyte. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This was a prospective observational study involving human CCs collected with 541 oocytes from 177 IVF patients. mtDNA quantity was measured in all the samples with a validated quantitative PCR method and the entire mtGenome was sequenced in a subset of 138 samples using a high-depth massively parallel sequencing approach. Associations between relative mtDNA quantity and mtGenome variants in CCs and patient age, BMI (kg/m2), infertility diagnosis and ART outcomes were investigated. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Massively parallel sequencing permitted not only the accurate detection of mutations but also the precise quantification of levels of mutations in cases of heteroplasmy. Sequence variants in the mtDNA were evaluated using Mitomaster and HmtVar to predict their potential impact. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The relative mtDNA CC content was significantly associated with BMI. No significant associations were observed between CC mtDNA quantity and patient age, female infertility diagnosis or any ART outcome variable. mtGenome sequencing revealed 4181 genetic variants with respect to a reference genome. The COXI locus contained the least number of coding sequence variants, whereas ATPase8 had the most. The number of variants predicted to affect the ATP production differed significantly between mitochondrial macrohaplogroups. The total number of retrieved oocytes was different between the H-V and J-T as well as the U-K and J-T macrohaplogroups. There was a non-significant increase in mtDNA levels in CCs with heteroplasmic mitochondrial mutations. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although a large number of samples were analysed in this study, it was not possible to analyse all the CCs from every patient. Also, the results obtained with respect to specific clinical outcomes and macrohaplogroups should be interpreted with caution due to the smaller sample sizes when subdividing the dataset. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings suggest that the analysis of mtDNA in CCs is unlikely to provide an advantage in terms of improved embryo selection during assisted reproduction cycles. Nonetheless, our data raise interesting biological questions, particularly regarding the interplay of metabolism and BMI and the association of mtDNA haplogroup with oocyte yield in ovarian stimulation cycles. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by National Institutes of Health grant 5R01HD092550-02. D.J.N. and C.R. co-hold patent US20150346100A1 and D.J.N. holds US20170039415A1, both for metabolic imaging methods. D.W. receives support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishlay Kumar
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marta Venturas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Needleman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Racowsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Dagan Wells
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Juno Genetics Ltd, Oxford, UK
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Ebert T, Neytchev O, Witasp A, Kublickiene K, Stenvinkel P, Shiels PG. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1426-1448. [PMID: 34006115 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be regarded as a burden of lifestyle disease that shares common underpinning features and risk factors with the aging process; it is a complex constituted by several adverse components, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, early vascular aging, and cellular senescence. Recent Advances: A systemic approach to tackle CKD, based on mitigating the associated inflammatory, cell stress, and damage processes, has the potential to attenuate the effects of CKD, but it also preempts the development and progression of associated morbidities. In effect, this will enhance health span and compress the period of morbidity. Pharmacological, nutritional, and potentially lifestyle-based interventions are promising therapeutic avenues to achieve such a goal. Critical Issues: In the present review, currents concepts of inflammation and oxidative damage as key patho-mechanisms in CKD are addressed. In particular, potential beneficial but also adverse effects of different systemic interventions in patients with CKD are discussed. Future Directions: Senotherapeutics, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (NRF2-KEAP1) signaling pathway, the endocrine klotho axis, inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), and live bio-therapeutics have the potential to reduce the burden of CKD and improve quality of life, as well as morbidity and mortality, in this fragile high-risk patient group. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1426-1448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ebert
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ognian Neytchev
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Witasp
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Krishnan S, Nordqvist H, Ambikan AT, Gupta S, Sperk M, Svensson-Akusjärvi S, Mikaeloff F, Benfeitas R, Saccon E, Ponnan SM, Rodriguez JE, Nikouyan N, Odeh A, Ahlén G, Asghar M, Sällberg M, Vesterbacka J, Nowak P, Végvári Á, Sönnerborg A, Treutiger CJ, Neogi U. Metabolic Perturbation Associated With COVID-19 Disease Severity and SARS-CoV-2 Replication. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100159. [PMID: 34619366 PMCID: PMC8490130 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses hijack host metabolic pathways for their replicative advantage. In this study, using patient-derived multiomics data and in vitro infection assays, we aimed to understand the role of key metabolic pathways that can regulate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 reproduction and their association with disease severity. We used multiomics platforms (targeted and untargeted proteomics and untargeted metabolomics) on patient samples and cell-line models along with immune phenotyping of metabolite transporters in patient blood cells to understand viral-induced metabolic modulations. We also modulated key metabolic pathways that were identified using multiomics data to regulate the viral reproduction in vitro. Coronavirus disease 2019 disease severity was characterized by increased plasma glucose and mannose levels. Immune phenotyping identified altered expression patterns of carbohydrate transporter, glucose transporter 1, in CD8+ T cells, intermediate and nonclassical monocytes, and amino acid transporter, xCT, in classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes. In in vitro lung epithelial cell (Calu-3) infection model, we found that glycolysis and glutaminolysis are essential for virus replication, and blocking these metabolic pathways caused significant reduction in virus production. Taken together, we therefore hypothesized that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 utilizes and rewires pathways governing central carbon metabolism leading to the efflux of toxic metabolites and associated with disease severity. Thus, the host metabolic perturbation could be an attractive strategy to limit the viral replication and disease severity. COVID-19 disease severity was characterized by increased plasma glucose and mannose. Mannose is a strong biomarker of COVID-19 disease severity. Glycolysis and glutaminolysis are essential for virus replication. Blocking the metabolic pathways caused significant reduction in virus production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuba Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Anoop T Ambikan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Soham Gupta
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maike Sperk
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Svensson-Akusjärvi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Flora Mikaeloff
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Saccon
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jimmy Esneider Rodriguez
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Negin Nikouyan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amani Odeh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Ahlén
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Asghar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matti Sällberg
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Vesterbacka
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden MIMS, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Treutiger
- Södersjukhuset (The South General Hospital), Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden; Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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Emerging methods for and novel insights gained by absolute quantification of mitochondrial DNA copy number and its clinical applications. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107995. [PMID: 34592204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The past thirty years have seen a surge in interest in pathophysiological roles of mitochondria, and the accurate quantification of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mCN) in cells and tissue samples is a fundamental aspect of assessing changes in mitochondrial health and biogenesis. Quantification of mCN between studies is surprisingly variable due to a combination of physiological variability and diverse protocols being used to measure this endpoint. The advent of novel methods to quantify nucleic acids like digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) and high throughput sequencing offer the ability to measure absolute values of mCN. We conducted an in-depth survey of articles published between 1969 -- 2020 to create an overview of mCN values, to assess consensus values of tissue-specific mCN, and to evaluate consistency between methods of assessing mCN. We identify best practices for methods used to assess mCN, and we address the impact of using specific loci on the mitochondrial genome to determine mCN. Current data suggest that clinical measurement of mCN can provide diagnostic and prognostic value in a range of diseases and health conditions, with emphasis on cancer and cardiovascular disease, and the advent of means to measure absolute mCN should improve future clinical applications of mCN measurements.
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31
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Zhou Z, Goodrich JM, Strakovsky RS. Mitochondrial Epigenetics and Environmental Health: Making a Case for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Toxicol Sci 2021; 178:16-25. [PMID: 32777053 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of numerous chronic diseases, which may be partially due to modifications in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). There is also mounting evidence that epigenetic modifications to mtDNA may be an additional layer of regulation that controls mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Several environmental factors (eg, smoking, air pollution) have been associated with altered mtDNA methylation in a handful of mechanistic studies and in observational human studies. However, little is understood about other environmental contaminants that induce mtDNA epigenetic changes. Numerous environmental toxicants are classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Beyond their actions on hormonal pathways, EDC exposure is associated with elevated oxidative stress, which may occur through or result in mitochondrial dysfunction. Although only a few studies have assessed the impacts of EDCs on mtDNA methylation, the current review provides reasons to consider mtDNA epigenetic disruption as a mechanism of action of EDCs and reviews potential limitations related to currently available evidence. First, there is sufficient evidence that EDCs (including bisphenols and phthalates) directly target mitochondrial function, and more direct evidence is needed to connect this to mtDNA methylation. Second, these and other EDCs are potent modulators of nuclear DNA epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modifications. Finally, EDCs have been shown to disrupt several modulators of mtDNA methylation, including DNA methyltransferases and the mitochondrial transcription factor A/nuclear respiratory factor 1 pathway. Taken together, these studies highlight the need for future research evaluating mtDNA epigenetic disruption by EDCs and to detail specific mechanisms responsible for such disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Rita S Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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32
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Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Telomere Length with Prevalent and Incident Cancer and Cancer Mortality in Women: A Prospective Swedish Population-Based Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153842. [PMID: 34359743 PMCID: PMC8345403 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and telomere length have, separately, been proposed as risk factors for various cancer types. However, those results are conflicting. Here, mtDNA-CN and relative telomere length were measured in 3225 middle-aged women included in a large population-based prospective cohort. The baseline mtDNA-CN in patients with prevalent breast cancer was significantly higher (12.39 copies/µL) than cancer-free individuals. During an average of 15.2 years of follow-up, 520 patients were diagnosed with cancer. Lower mtDNA-CN was associated with decreased risk of genital organ cancer (hazard ratio (HR), 0.84), and shorter telomere length was associated with increased risk of urinary system cancer (HR, 1.79). Furthermore, mtDNA-CN was inversely associated with all-cause (HR, 1.20) and cancer-specific mortality (HR, 1.21) when considering all cancer types. Surprisingly, shorter telomere length was associated with decreased risk of cancer-specific mortality when considering all cancer types (HR, 0.85). Finally, lower mtDNA-CN and shorter telomere length were associated with increased risk of both all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in genital organ cancer patients. In this study population, we found that mtDNA-CN and telomere length were significantly associated with prevalent and incident cancer and cancer mortality. However, these associations were cancer type specific and need further investigation.
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33
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Saravanabavan S, Rangan GK. Possible role of the mitochondrial genome in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2021; 26:920-930. [PMID: 34331378 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenic renal disease in adults and is due to heterozygous germ line variants in either PKD1, PKD2 or rarely other genes. It is characterized by marked intra-familial disease variability suggesting that other genetic and/or environmental factors are involved in determining the lifetime course ADPKD. Recently, research indicates that polycystin-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic re-programming contributes to the progression of ADPKD. Although biochemical abnormalities have gained the most interest, variants in the mitochondrial genome could be one of the mechanisms underlying the phenotypic variability in ADPKD. This narrative review aims to evaluate the role of the mitochondrial genome in the pathogenesis of APDKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanthooran Saravanabavan
- Michael Stern Laboratory for Polycystic Kidney Disease, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gopala K Rangan
- Michael Stern Laboratory for Polycystic Kidney Disease, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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34
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Ding M, Tolbert E, Birkenbach M, Gohh R, Akhlaghi F, Ghonem NS. Treprostinil reduces mitochondrial injury during rat renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111912. [PMID: 34328097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major factor contributing to acute kidney injury and it is associated with a high morbidity and mortality if untreated. Renal IRI depletes cellular and tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which compromises mitochondrial function, further exacerbating renal tubular injury. Currently, no treatment for IRI is available. This study investigates the protective role of treprostinil in improving mitochondria biogenesis and recovery during rat renal IRI. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups: control, sham, IRI-placebo or IRI-treprostinil and subjected to 45 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by 1-72 h reperfusion. Placebo or treprostinil (100 ng/kg/min) was administered subcutaneously via an osmotic minipump. RESULTS Treprostinil significantly reduced peak elevated serum creatinine (SCr) levels and accelerated normalization relative to IRI-placebo (p < 0.0001). Treatment with treprostinil also inhibited IRI-mediated renal apoptosis, mitochondrial oxidative injury (p < 0.05), and the release of cytochrome c (p < 0.01) vs. IRI-placebo. In addition, treprostinil preserved renal mitochondrial DNA copy number (p < 0.0001) and renal ATP levels (p < 0.05) to nearly those of sham-operated animals. Non-targeted semi-quantitative proteomics showed reduced levels of ATP synthase subunits in the IRI-placebo group which were restored to sham levels by treprostinil treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, treprostinil reduced renal IRI-induced upregulated Drp1 and pErk protein levels, and restored Sirt3 and Pgc-1α levels to baseline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Treprostinil reduces mitochondrial-mediated renal apoptosis, inhibits mitochondria fission, and promotes mitochondria fusion, thereby accelerating mitochondrial recovery and protecting renal proximal tubules from renal IRI. These results support the clinical investigation of treprostinil as a viable therapy to reduce renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwen Ding
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA
| | - Evelyn Tolbert
- Division of Renal Disease, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Mark Birkenbach
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Reginald Gohh
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA
| | - Nisanne S Ghonem
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA.
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35
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Fazzini F, Lamina C, Raftopoulou A, Koller A, Fuchsberger C, Pattaro C, Del Greco FM, Döttelmayer P, Fendt L, Fritz J, Meiselbach H, Schönherr S, Forer L, Weissensteiner H, Pramstaller PP, Eckardt K, Hicks AA, Kronenberg F. Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in 14 176 individuals. J Intern Med 2021; 290:190-202. [PMID: 33453124 PMCID: PMC8359248 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play an important role in cellular metabolism, and their dysfunction is postulated to be involved in metabolic disturbances. Mitochondrial DNA is present in multiple copies per cell. The quantification of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) might be used to assess mitochondrial dysfunction. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association of mtDNA-CN with type 2 diabetes and the potential mediating role of metabolic syndrome. METHODS We examined 4812 patients from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study and 9364 individuals from the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study. MtDNA-CN was measured in whole blood using a plasmid-normalized qPCR-based assay. RESULTS In both studies, mtDNA-CN showed a significant correlation with most metabolic syndrome parameters: mtDNA-CN decreased with increasing number of metabolic syndrome components. Furthermore, individuals with low mtDNA-CN had significantly higher odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.025; 95% CI = 1.011-1.039, P = 3.19 × 10-4 , for each decrease of 10 mtDNA copies) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.027; 95% CI = 1.012-1.041; P = 2.84 × 10-4 ) in a model adjusted for age, sex, smoking and kidney function in the meta-analysis of both studies. Mediation analysis revealed that the association of mtDNA-CN with type 2 diabetes was mainly mediated by waist circumference in the GCKD study (66%) and by several metabolic syndrome parameters, especially body mass index and triglycerides, in the CHRIS study (41%). CONCLUSIONS Our data show an inverse association of mtDNA-CN with higher risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. A major part of the total effect of mtDNA-CN on type 2 diabetes is mediated by obesity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Fazzini
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - C. Lamina
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - A. Raftopoulou
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - A. Koller
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - C. Fuchsberger
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - C. Pattaro
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - F. M. Del Greco
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - P. Döttelmayer
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - L. Fendt
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - J. Fritz
- Department of Medical StatisticsInformatics and Health EconomicsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - H. Meiselbach
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - S. Schönherr
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - L. Forer
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - H. Weissensteiner
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - P. P. Pramstaller
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - K.‐U. Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive CareCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - A. A. Hicks
- Eurac ResearchInstitute for BiomedicineAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
| | - F. Kronenberg
- From theDepartment of Genetics and PharmacologyInstitute of Genetic EpidemiologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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Mitochondrial DNA-Mediated Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9985603. [PMID: 34306320 PMCID: PMC8263241 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9985603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrity and function of mitochondria are essential for normal kidney physiology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely a concern in recent years because its abnormalities may result in disruption of aerobic respiration, cellular dysfunction, and even cell death. Particularly, aberrant mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and urinary mtDNA-CN shows the potential to be a promising indicator for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of kidney function. Several lines of evidence suggest that mtDNA may also trigger innate immunity, leading to kidney inflammation and fibrosis. In mechanism, mtDNA can be released into the cytoplasm under cell stress and recognized by multiple DNA-sensing mechanisms, including Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), cytosolic cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, and inflammasome activation, which then mediate downstream inflammatory cascades. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of these mtDNA-sensing pathways mediating inflammatory responses and their role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury, nondiabetic chronic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease. In addition, we highlight targeting of mtDNA-mediated inflammatory pathways as a novel therapeutic target for these kidney diseases.
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Fukunaga H. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126634. [PMID: 34205712 PMCID: PMC8235559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to contribute to mitochondrial diseases, as well as to a variety of aging-based pathologies. Mitochondria have their own genomes (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)) and the abnormalities, such as point mutations, deletions, and copy number variations, are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent years, several epidemiological studies and animal experiments have supported the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, which states that the environment during fetal life influences the predisposition to disease and the risk of morbidity in adulthood. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production, as well as in various cellular functions, such as apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and calcium metabolism. In terms of the DOHaD theory, mtDNA copy number may be a mediator of health and disease. This paper summarizes the results of recent epidemiological studies on the relationship between environmental factors and mtDNA copy number during pregnancy from the perspective of DOHaD theory. The results of these studies suggest a hypothesis that mtDNA copy number may reflect environmental influences during fetal life and possibly serve as a surrogate marker of health risks in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Fukunaga
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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38
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New insights into muscle function in chronic kidney disease and metabolic acidosis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021; 30:369-376. [PMID: 33767065 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW : Sarcopenia, defined as decreased muscle mass or function, is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increasing the risk of mobility impairment and frailty. CKD leads to metabolic acidosis (MA) and retention of uremic toxins contributing to insulin resistance and impaired muscle mitochondrial energetics. Here we focus on the central role of muscle mitochondrial metabolism in muscle function. RECENT FINDINGS : Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies muscle wasting and poor physical endurance in CKD. Uremic toxins accumulate in muscle disrupting mitochondrial respiration and enzymes. Changes in mitochondrial quantity, quality, and oxidative capacity contribute to mobility impairment in CKD. Major determinants of muscle mitochondrial function are kidney function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In CKD, MA is the major determinant of muscle mitochondrial function. Metabolomics reveals defects in pathways linked to mitochondrial energy metabolism and acid-base homeostasis underlying insulin resistance in CKD. SUMMARY : Decreased mitochondrial capacity and quality control can impair muscle function contributing to decreased physical endurance. MA augments insulin resistance perpetuating the catabolic state underlying muscle wasting in CKD. Further studies are needed to investigate if targeting of MA improves muscle mitochondrial function and insulin resistance translating into meaningful improvements in physical endurance.
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Weissensteiner H, Forer L, Fendt L, Kheirkhah A, Salas A, Kronenberg F, Schoenherr S. Contamination detection in sequencing studies using the mitochondrial phylogeny. Genome Res 2021; 31:309-316. [PMID: 33452015 PMCID: PMC7849411 DOI: 10.1101/gr.256545.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Within-species contamination is a major issue in sequencing studies, especially for mitochondrial studies. Contamination can be detected by analyzing the nuclear genome or by inspecting polymorphic sites in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). Existing methods using the nuclear genome are computationally expensive, and no appropriate tool for detecting sample contamination in large-scale mtDNA data sets is available. Here we present haplocheck, a tool that requires only the mtDNA to detect contamination in both targeted mitochondrial and whole-genome sequencing studies. Our in silico simulations and amplicon mixture experiments indicate that haplocheck detects mtDNA contamination accurately and is independent of the phylogenetic distance within a sample mixture. By applying haplocheck to The 1000 Genomes Project Consortium data, we further evaluate the application of haplocheck as a fast proxy tool for nDNA-based contamination detection using the mtDNA and identify the mitochondrial copy number within a mixture as a critical component for the overall accuracy. The haplocheck tool is available both as a command-line tool and as a cloud web service producing interactive reports that facilitates the navigation through the phylogeny of contaminated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Liane Fendt
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Azin Kheirkhah
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Antonio Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses (INCIFOR), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), 15782, Galicia, Spain
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Schoenherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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40
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Govers LP, Toka HR, Hariri A, Walsh SB, Bockenhauer D. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in renal disease: an overview. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:9-17. [PMID: 31925537 PMCID: PMC7701126 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Kidneys have a high energy demand to facilitate the reabsorption of the glomerular filtrate. For this reason, renal cells have a high density of mitochondria. Mitochondrial cytopathies can be the result of a mutation in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to a variety of renal manifestations. Examples of tubular manifestations are renal Fanconi Syndrome, which is often found in patients diagnosed with Kearns-Sayre and Pearson's marrow-pancreas syndrome, and distal tubulopathies, which result in electrolyte disturbances such as hypomagnesemia. Nephrotic syndrome can be a glomerular manifestation of mitochondrial dysfunction and is typically associated with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis on histology. Tubulointerstitial nephritis can also be seen in mitochondrial cytopathies and may lead to end-stage renal disease. The underlying mechanisms of these cytopathies remain incompletely understood; therefore, current therapies focus mainly on symptom relief. A better understanding of the molecular disease mechanisms is critical in order to improve treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa P Govers
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hakan R Toka
- Manatee Kidney Diseases Consultants, Bradenton, USA
| | - Ali Hariri
- Clinical Development, Sanofi Rare Disease, Boston, USA
| | - Stephen B Walsh
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
- Renal Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, UK.
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Daiber A, Kuntic M, Hahad O, Delogu LG, Rohrbach S, Di Lisa F, Schulz R, Münzel T. Effects of air pollution particles (ultrafine and fine particulate matter) on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress - Implications for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108662. [PMID: 33159890 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major cause of global mortality and burden of disease. All chemical pollution forms together may be responsible for up to 12 million annual excess deaths as estimated by the Lancet Commission on pollution and health as well as the World Health Organization. Ambient air pollution by particulate matter (PM) and ozone was found to be associated with an all-cause mortality rate of up to 9 million in the year 2015, with the majority being of cerebro- and cardiovascular nature (e.g. stroke and ischemic heart disease). Recent evidence suggests that exposure to airborne particles and gases contributes to and accelerates neurodegenerative diseases. Especially, airborne toxic particles contribute to these adverse health effects. Whereas it is well established that air pollution in the form of PM may lead to dysregulation of neurohormonal stress pathways and may trigger inflammation as well as oxidative stress, leading to secondary damage of cardiovascular structures, the mechanistic impact of PM-induced mitochondrial damage and dysfunction is not well established. With the present review we will discuss similarities between mitochondrial damage and dysfunction observed in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration as well as those adverse mitochondrial pathomechanisms induced by airborne PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia G Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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42
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Leask MP, Sumpter NA, Lupi AS, Vazquez AI, Reynolds RJ, Mount DB, Merriman TR. The Shared Genetic Basis of Hyperuricemia, Gout, and Kidney Function. Semin Nephrol 2020; 40:586-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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43
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Wang X, Hart JE, Liu Q, Wu S, Nan H, Laden F. Association of particulate matter air pollution with leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 141:105761. [PMID: 32388147 PMCID: PMC7419671 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient particulate matter (PM) has been associated with mitochondrial damage and dysfunction caused by excessive oxidative stress, but the associations between long-term PM exposure and leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), a biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction due to oxidative stress, are less studied. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between short-, intermediate- and long-term exposure (1-, 3- and 12-months) to different size fractions of PM (PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10) and leukocyte mtDNAcn in a cross-sectional study. METHODS The associations between each of the PM exposure metrics with z scores of log-transformed mtDNAcn were examined using generalized linear regression models in 2758 female participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Monthly exposures to PM were estimated from spatio-temporal prediction models matched to each participants' address history. Potential effect modification by selected covariates was examined using multiplicative interaction terms and subgroup analyses. RESULTS In single-size fraction models, increases in all size fractions of PM were associated with decreases in mtDNAcn, although only models with longer averages of PM2.5 reached statistical significance. For example, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in 12-month average ambient PM2.5 (5.5 μg/m3) was associated with a 0.07 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.13, -0.01; p-value = 0.02] decrease in mtDNAcn z score in both basic- and multivariable-adjusted models. Associations for PM2.5 were stronger after controlling for PM2.5-10 in two size-fraction models. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 is associated with decreased mtDNAcn in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qisijing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice S Ryan
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland .,The Baltimore Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland
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Yen K, Mehta HH, Kim SJ, Lue Y, Hoang J, Guerrero N, Port J, Bi Q, Navarrete G, Brandhorst S, Lewis KN, Wan J, Swerdloff R, Mattison JA, Buffenstein R, Breton CV, Wang C, Longo V, Atzmon G, Wallace D, Barzilai N, Cohen P. The mitochondrial derived peptide humanin is a regulator of lifespan and healthspan. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11185-11199. [PMID: 32575074 PMCID: PMC7343442 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Humanin is a member of a new family of peptides that are encoded by short open reading frames within the mitochondrial genome. It is conserved in animals and is both neuroprotective and cytoprotective. Here we report that in C. elegans the overexpression of humanin is sufficient to increase lifespan, dependent on daf-16/Foxo. Humanin transgenic mice have many phenotypes that overlap with the worm phenotypes and, similar to exogenous humanin treatment, have increased protection against toxic insults. Treating middle-aged mice twice weekly with the potent humanin analogue HNG, humanin improves metabolic healthspan parameters and reduces inflammatory markers. In multiple species, humanin levels generally decline with age, but here we show that levels are surprisingly stable in the naked mole-rat, a model of negligible senescence. Furthermore, in children of centenarians, who are more likely to become centenarians themselves, circulating humanin levels are much greater than age-matched control subjects. Further linking humanin to healthspan, we observe that humanin levels are decreased in human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and MELAS (Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes). Together, these studies are the first to demonstrate that humanin is linked to improved healthspan and increased lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Yen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Hemal H. Mehta
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - YanHe Lue
- Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - James Hoang
- Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Noel Guerrero
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jenna Port
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Qiuli Bi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gerardo Navarrete
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sebastian Brandhorst
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Noel Lewis
- Department of Physiology, The Barshop Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ronald Swerdloff
- Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Julie A. Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Dickerson, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rochelle Buffenstein
- Department of Physiology, The Barshop Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Christina Wang
- Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Valter Longo
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Douglas Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Castellani CA, Longchamps RJ, Sun J, Guallar E, Arking DE. Thinking outside the nucleus: Mitochondrial DNA copy number in health and disease. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:214-223. [PMID: 32544465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a biomarker of mitochondrial function and levels of mtDNA-CN have been reproducibly associated with overall mortality and a number of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. Recent advancements in techniques for estimating mtDNA-CN, in particular the use of DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing data, have led to the comprehensive assessment of mtDNA-CN across these and other diseases and traits. The importance of mtDNA-CN measures to disease and these advancing technologies suggest the potential for mtDNA-CN to be a useful biomarker in the clinic. While the exact mechanism(s) underlying the association of mtDNA-CN with disease remain to be elucidated, we review the existing literature which supports roles for inflammatory dynamics, immune function and alterations to cell signaling as consequences of variation in mtDNA-CN. We propose that future studies should focus on characterizing longitudinal, cell-type and cross-tissue profiles of mtDNA-CN as well as improving methods for measuring mtDNA-CN which will expand the potential for its use as a clinical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Castellani
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ryan J Longchamps
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Koller A, Fazzini F, Lamina C, Rantner B, Kollerits B, Stadler M, Klein-Weigel P, Fraedrich G, Kronenberg F. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Intern Med 2020; 287:569-579. [PMID: 32037598 PMCID: PMC7318579 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctional mitochondria have an influence on inflammation and increased oxidative stress due to an excessive production of reactive oxygen species. The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a potential biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction and has been associated with various diseases. However, results were partially contrasting which might have been caused by methodological difficulties to quantify mtDNA-CN. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether mtDNA-CN is associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) as well as all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events during seven years of follow-up. METHODS A total of 236 male patients with PAD from the Cardiovascular Disease in Intermittent Claudication (CAVASIC) study were compared with 249 age- and diabetes-matched controls. MtDNA-CN was measured with a well-standardized plasmid-normalized quantitative PCR-based assay determining the ratio between mtDNA-CN and nuclear DNA. RESULTS Individuals in the lowest quartile of mtDNA-CN had a twofold increased risk for PAD which, however, was no longer significant after adjusting for leukocytes and platelets. About 67 of the 236 patients had already experienced a cardiovascular event at baseline and those in the lowest mtDNA-CN quartile had a 2.34-fold increased risk for these events (95% CI 1.08-5.13). During follow-up, 37 PAD patients died and 66 patients experienced a cardiovascular event. Patients in the lowest mtDNA-CN quartile had hazard ratios of 2.66 (95% CI 1.27-5.58) for all-cause-mortality and 1.82 (95% CI 1.02-3.27) for cardiovascular events compared with the combined quartile 2-4 (adjusted for age, smoking, CRP, diabetes, prevalent cardiovascular disease, leukocytes and platelets). CONCLUSION This investigation supports the hypothesis of mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral arterial disease and shows an association of low mtDNA-CNs with all-cause-mortality and prevalent and incident cardiovascular disease in PAD patients with intermittent claudication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koller
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Fazzini
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Lamina
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Rantner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Kollerits
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Stadler
- 3rd Medical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Nephrology, Hietzing Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Klein-Weigel
- Clinic of Angiology, Center of Vascular Medicine, Ernst von Bergmann Klinikum, Potsdam, Germany
| | - G Fraedrich
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Kronenberg
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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48
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Fazzini F, Lamina C, Raschenberger J, Schultheiss UT, Kotsis F, Schönherr S, Weissensteiner H, Forer L, Steinbrenner I, Meiselbach H, Bärthlein B, Wanner C, Eckardt KU, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F. Results from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study support association of relative telomere length with mortality in a large cohort of patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2020; 98:488-497. [PMID: 32641227 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length is known to be inversely associated with aging and has been proposed as a marker for aging-related diseases. Telomere attrition can be accelerated by oxidative stress and inflammation, both commonly present in patients with chronic kidney disease. Here, we investigated whether relative telomere length is associated with mortality in a large cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease stage G3 and A1-3 or G1-2 with overt proteinuria (A3) at enrollment. Relative telomere length was quantified in peripheral blood by a quantitative PCR method in 4,955 patients from the GCKD study, an ongoing prospective observational cohort. Complete four-year follow-up was available from 4,926 patients in whom we recorded 354 deaths. Relative telomere length was a strong and independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Each decrease of 0.1 relative telomere length unit was highly associated with a 14% increased risk of death (hazard ratio1.14 [95% confidence interval 1.06-1.22]) in a model adjusted for age, sex, baseline eGFR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, diabetes mellitus, prevalent cardiovascular disease, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, smoking, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein and serum albumin. This translated to a 75% higher risk for those in the lowest compared to the highest quartile of relative telomere length. The association was mainly driven by 117 cardiovascular deaths (1.20 [1.05-1.35]) as well as 67 deaths due to infections (1.27 [1.07-1.50]). Thus, our findings support an association of shorter telomere length with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and death due to infections in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fazzini
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Raschenberger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heike Meiselbach
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Bärthlein
- Medical Centre for Information and Communication Technology (MIK), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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49
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Zhang WZ, Rice MC, Hoffman KL, Oromendia C, Barjaktarevic IZ, Wells JM, Hastie AT, Labaki WW, Cooper CB, Comellas AP, Criner GJ, Krishnan JA, Paine R, Hansel NN, Bowler RP, Barr RG, Peters SP, Woodruff PG, Curtis JL, Han MK, Ballman KV, Martinez FJ, Choi AM, Nakahira K, Cloonan SM, Choi ME. Association of urine mitochondrial DNA with clinical measures of COPD in the SPIROMICS cohort. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133984. [PMID: 31895696 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDMitochondrial dysfunction, a proposed mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, is associated with the leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which may be detected extracellularly in various bodily fluids. Despite evidence for the increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease in COPD subjects and for mitochondrial dysfunction in the kidneys of murine COPD models, whether urine mtDNA (u-mtDNA) associates with measures of disease severity in COPD is unknown.METHODSCell-free u-mtDNA, defined as copy number of mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase-1 (MTND1) gene, was measured by quantitative PCR and normalized to urine creatinine in cell-free urine samples from participants in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS) cohort. Urine albumin/creatinine ratios (UACR) were measured in the same samples. Associations between u-mtDNA, UACR, and clinical disease parameters - including FEV1 % predicted, clinical measures of exercise tolerance, respiratory symptom burden, and chest CT measures of lung structure - were examined.RESULTSU-mtDNA and UACR levels were measured in never smokers (n = 64), smokers without airflow obstruction (n = 109), participants with mild/moderate COPD (n = 142), and participants with severe COPD (n = 168). U-mtDNA was associated with increased respiratory symptom burden, especially among smokers without COPD. Significant sex differences in u-mtDNA levels were observed, with females having higher u-mtDNA levels across all study subgroups. U-mtDNA associated with worse spirometry and CT emphysema in males only and with worse respiratory symptoms in females only. Similar associations were not found with UACR.CONCLUSIONU-mtDNA levels may help to identify distinct clinical phenotypes and underlying pathobiological differences in males versus females with COPD.TRIAL REGISTRATIONThis study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT01969344).FUNDINGUS NIH, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, supplemented by contributions made through the Foundation for the NIH and the COPD Foundation from AstraZeneca/MedImmune, Bayer, Bellerophon Therapeutics, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Forest Research Institute Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols Therapeutics Inc., Ikaria Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Nycomed GmbH, ProterixBio, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Sanofi, Sunovion, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, and Theravance Biopharma and Mylan.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Z Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michelle C Rice
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, and
| | - Katherine L Hoffman
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Clara Oromendia
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Igor Z Barjaktarevic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Michael Wells
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Annette T Hastie
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wassim W Labaki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher B Cooper
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alejandro P Comellas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jerry A Krishnan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert Paine
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Russell P Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen P Peters
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCSF, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Curtis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Meilan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Karla V Ballman
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Augustine Mk Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kiichi Nakahira
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suzanne M Cloonan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary E Choi
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, and
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50
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Minor Glomerular Abnormalities are Associated with Deterioration of Long-Term Kidney Function and Mitochondrial Injury. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010033. [PMID: 31877839 PMCID: PMC7019622 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Minor glomerular abnormalities (MGAs) are unclassified glomerular lesions indicated by the presence of minor structural abnormalities that are insufficient for a specific pathological diagnosis. The long-term clinical outcomes and pathogenesis have not been examined. We hypothesized that MGAs would be associated with the deterioration of long-term kidney function and increased urinary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers. We retrospectively enrolled patients with MGAs, age-/sex-/estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)-matched patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), and similarly matched healthy controls (MHCs; n = 49 each). We analyzed the time × group interaction effects of the eGFR and compared mean annual eGFR decline rates between the groups. We prospectively enrolled patients with MGAs, age- and sex-matched patients with IgAN, and MHCs (n = 15 each) and compared their urinary mtDNA copy numbers. Compared to the MHC group, the MGA and IgAN groups displayed differences in the time × group effects of eGFR, higher mean annual rates of eGFR decline, and higher urinary mtDNA copy numbers; however, these groups did not significantly differ from each other. The results indicate that MGAs are associated with deteriorating long-term kidney function, and mitochondrial injury, despite few additional pathological changes. We suggest that clinicians conduct close long-term follow-up of patients with MGAs.
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