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López-Otín C, Maier AB, Kroemer G. Gerogenes and gerosuppression: the pillars of precision geromedicine. Cell Res 2024; 34:463-466. [PMID: 38802575 PMCID: PMC11217286 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Institut, Villejuif, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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2
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Liu QQ, Wu GH, Wang XC, Xiong XW, Rui-Wang, Yao BL. The role of Foxo3a in neuron-mediated cognitive impairment. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1424561. [PMID: 38962803 PMCID: PMC11220205 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1424561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (COI) is a prevalent complication across a spectrum of brain disorders, underpinned by intricate mechanisms yet to be fully elucidated. Neurons, the principal cell population of the nervous system, orchestrate cognitive processes and govern cognitive balance. Extensive inquiry has spotlighted the involvement of Foxo3a in COI. The regulatory cascade of Foxo3a transactivation implicates multiple downstream signaling pathways encompassing mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis, collectively affecting neuronal activity. Notably, the expression and activity profile of neuronal Foxo3a are subject to modulation via various modalities, including methylation of promoter, phosphorylation and acetylation of protein. Furthermore, upstream pathways such as PI3K/AKT, the SIRT family, and diverse micro-RNAs intricately interface with Foxo3a, engendering alterations in neuronal function. Through several downstream routes, Foxo3a regulates neuronal dynamics, thereby modulating the onset or amelioration of COI in Alzheimer's disease, stroke, ischemic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. Foxo3a is a potential therapeutic cognitive target, and clinical drugs or multiple small molecules have been preliminarily shown to have cognitive-enhancing effects that indirectly affect Foxo3a. Particularly noteworthy are multiple randomized, controlled, placebo clinical trials illustrating the significant cognitive enhancement achievable through autophagy modulation. Here, we discussed the role of Foxo3a in neuron-mediated COI and common cognitively impaired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bao-Le Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
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3
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Huang B, Chen A, Sun Y, He Q. The Role of Aging in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Brain Sci 2024; 14:613. [PMID: 38928613 PMCID: PMC11201415 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the cerebrovascular disease with the highest disability and mortality rates, causing severe damage to the health of patients and imposing a significant socioeconomic burden. Aging stands as a foremost risk factor for ICH, with a significant escalation in ICH incidence within the elderly demographic, highlighting a close association between ICH and aging. In recent years, with the acceleration of the "aging society" trend, exploring the intricate relationship between aging and ICH has become increasingly urgent and worthy of in-depth attention. We have summarized the characteristics of ICH in the elderly, reviewing how aging influences the onset and development of ICH by examining its etiology and the mechanisms of damage via ICH. Additionally, we explored the potential impacts of ICH on accelerated aging, including its effects on cognitive abilities, quality of life, and lifespan. This review aims to reveal the connection between aging and ICH, providing new ideas and insights for future ICH research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quanwei He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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4
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de Cavanagh EMV, Inserra F, Ferder L. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors positively impact on multiple aging regulatory pathways: Could they be used to protect against human aging? Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16094. [PMID: 38924381 PMCID: PMC11200104 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-a classical blood pressure regulator-largely contributes to healthy organ development and function. Besides, RAS activation promotes age-related changes and age-associated diseases, which are attenuated/abolished by RAS-blockade in several mammalian species. RAS-blockers also increase rodent lifespan. In previous work, we discussed how RAS-blockade downregulates mTOR and growth hormone/IGF-1 signaling, and stimulates AMPK activity (together with klotho, sirtuin, and vitamin D-receptor upregulation), and proposed that at least some of RAS-blockade's aging benefits are mediated through regulation of these intermediaries and their signaling to mitochondria. Here, we included RAS-blockade's impact on other aging regulatory pathways, that is, TGF-ß, NF-kB, PI3K, MAPK, PKC, Notch, and Wnt, all of which affect mitochondria. No direct evidence is available on RAS/RAS-blockade-aging regulatory pathway-mitochondria interactions. However, existing results allow to conjecture that RAS-blockers neutralize mitochondrial dysfunction by acting on the discussed pathways. The reviewed evidence led us to propose that the foundation is laid for conducting clinical trials aimed at testing whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)-even at subclinical doses-offer the possibility to live longer and in better health. As ACEi and ARB are low cost and well-tolerated anti-hypertension therapies in use for over 35 years, investigating their administration to attenuate/prevent aging effects seems simple to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Inserra
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
- Master of Vascular Mechanics and Arterial Hypertension, Postgraduate DepartmentAustral UniversityPilarArgentina
| | - León Ferder
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
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5
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Šetinc M, Celinšćak Ž, Bočkor L, Zajc Petranović M, Stojanović Marković A, Peričić Salihović M, Deelen J, Škarić-Jurić T. The role of longevity-related genetic variant interactions as predictors of survival after 85 years of age. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111926. [PMID: 38484896 PMCID: PMC11166054 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies have identified several genetic variants that might play a role in achieving longevity. This study investigates interactions between pairs of those single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their effect on survival above the age of 85 in a sample of 327 Croatian individuals. Although none of the SNPs individually showed a significant effect on survival in this sample, 14 of the 359 interactions tested (between SNPs not in LD) reached the level of nominal significance (p<0.05), showing a potential effect on late-life survival. Notably, SH2B3 rs3184504 interacted with different SNPs near TERC, TP53 rs1042522 with different SNPs located near the CDKN2B gene, and CDKN2B rs1333049 with different SNPs in FOXO3, as well as with LINC02227 rs2149954. The other interaction pairs with a possible effect on survival were FOXO3 rs2802292 and ERCC2 rs50871, IL6 rs1800795 and GHRHR rs2267723, LINC02227 rs2149954 and PARK7 rs225119, as well as PARK7 rs225119 and PTPN1 rs6067484. These interactions remained significant when tested together with a set of health-related variables that also had a significant effect on survival above 85 years. In conclusion, our results confirm the central role of genetic regulation of insulin signalling and cell cycle control in longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Šetinc
- Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | | | - Luka Bočkor
- Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | | | | | | | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany.
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6
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Smulders L, Deelen J. Genetics of human longevity: From variants to genes to pathways. J Intern Med 2024; 295:416-435. [PMID: 37941149 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The current increase in lifespan without an equivalent increase in healthspan poses a grave challenge to the healthcare system and a severe burden on society. However, some individuals seem to be able to live a long and healthy life without the occurrence of major debilitating chronic diseases, and part of this trait seems to be hidden in their genome. In this review, we discuss the findings from studies on the genetic component of human longevity and the main challenges accompanying these studies. We subsequently focus on results from genetic studies in model organisms and comparative genomic approaches to highlight the most important conserved longevity-associated pathways. By combining the results from studies using these different approaches, we conclude that only five main pathways have been consistently linked to longevity, namely (1) insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling, (2) DNA-damage response and repair, (3) immune function, (4) cholesterol metabolism and (5) telomere maintenance. As our current approaches to study the relevance of these pathways in humans are limited, we suggest that future studies on the genetics of human longevity should focus on the identification and functional characterization of rare genetic variants in genes involved in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Smulders
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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7
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Egan BM, Pohl F, Anderson X, Williams SC, Gregory Adodo I, Hunt P, Wang Z, Chiu CH, Scharf A, Mosley M, Kumar S, Schneider DL, Fujiwara H, Hsu FF, Kornfeld K. The ACE inhibitor captopril inhibits ACN-1 to control dauer formation and aging. Development 2024; 151:dev202146. [PMID: 38284547 PMCID: PMC10911126 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a well-characterized role regulating blood pressure in mammals. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the RAAS has been shown to extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila and rodents, but its mechanism is not well defined. Here, we investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug captopril, which extends lifespan in worms and mice. To investigate the mechanism, we performed a forward genetic screen for captopril-hypersensitive mutants. We identified a missense mutation that causes a partial loss of function of the daf-2 receptor tyrosine kinase gene, a powerful regulator of aging. The homologous mutation in the human insulin receptor causes Donohue syndrome, establishing these mutant worms as an invertebrate model of this disease. Captopril functions in C. elegans by inhibiting ACN-1, the worm homolog of ACE. Reducing the activity of acn-1 via captopril or RNA interference promoted dauer larvae formation, suggesting that acn-1 is a daf gene. Captopril-mediated lifespan extension was abrogated by daf-16(lf) and daf-12(lf) mutations. Our results indicate that captopril and acn-1 influence lifespan by modulating dauer formation pathways. We speculate that this represents a conserved mechanism of lifespan control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Egan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Franziska Pohl
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xavier Anderson
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shoshana C. Williams
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Patrick Hunt
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zuoxu Wang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chen-Hao Chiu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrea Scharf
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Matthew Mosley
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel L. Schneider
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hideji Fujiwara
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kerry Kornfeld
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Accardi G, Aiello A, Aprile S, Calabrò A, Caldarella R, Caruso C, Ciaccio M, Dieli F, Ligotti ME, Meraviglia S, Candore G. The Phenotypic Characterization of the Oldest Italian Man from December 28, 2020, to September 23, 2021, A.T., Strengthens the Idea That the Immune System can Play a Key Role in the Attainment of Extreme Longevity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7591. [PMID: 38137660 PMCID: PMC10744028 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present demographic, clinical, anamnestic, cognitive, and functional data, as well as haematological, haematochemical, immunological, and genetic parameters of an exceptional individual: A.T., a semi-supercentenarian who held the title of the oldest living Italian male centenarian from 28 December 2020, to 23 September 2021. The purpose of this study is to provide fresh insights into extreme phenotypes, with a particular focus on immune-inflammatory parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first phenotypic investigation of a semi-supercentenarian, illustrating both INFLA-score, a metric designed to assess the cumulative impact of inflammatory markers and indicators of age-related immune phenotype (ARIP), recognized as significant gauges of biological ageing. The aim of this study was, indeed, to advance our understanding of the role of immune-inflammatory responses in achieving extreme longevity. The results of laboratory tests, as well as clinical history and interview data, when compared to the results of our recent study on Sicilian centenarians, demonstrate an excellent state of health considering his age. Consistent with previous studies, we observed increased IL-6 inflammatory markers and INFLA score in A.T. More interestingly, the semi-supercentenarian showed values of ARIP indicators such as naïve CD4+ cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and CD4+TN/TM ratio in the range of young adult individuals, suggesting that his immune system's biological age was younger than the chronological one. The results support the notion that the immune system can play a role in promoting extreme longevity. However, this does not rule out the involvement of other body systems or organs in achieving extreme longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Aprile
- Unit of Transfusion Medicine, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 92100 Agrigento, Italy;
| | - Anna Calabrò
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Department of Laboratory medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Laboratory medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (M.C.)
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.); (S.M.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Serena Meraviglia
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.D.); (S.M.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.A.); (A.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.C.)
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Ajnakina O, Shamsutdinova D, Stahl D, Steptoe A. Polygenic Propensity for Longevity, APOE-ε4 Status, Dementia Diagnosis, and Risk for Cause-Specific Mortality: A Large Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1973-1982. [PMID: 37434484 PMCID: PMC10613005 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To deepen the understanding of genetic mechanisms influencing mortality risk, we investigated the impact of genetic predisposition to longevity and APOE-ε4, on all-cause mortality and specific causes of mortality. We further investigated the mediating effects of dementia on these relationships. Using data on 7 131 adults aged ≥50 years (mean = 64.7 years, standard deviation [SD] = 9.5) from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging, genetic predisposition to longevity was calculated using the polygenic score approach (PGSlongevity). APOE-ε4 status was defined according to the absence or presence of ε4 alleles. The causes of death were ascertained from the National Health Service central register, which was classified into cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory illness, and all other causes of mortality. Of the entire sample, 1 234 (17.3%) died during an average 10-year follow-up. One-SD increase in PGSlongevity was associated with a reduced risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.98, p = .010) and mortalities due to other causes (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.93, p = .002) in the following 10 years. In gender-stratified analyses, APOE-ε4 status was associated with a reduced risk for all-cause mortality and mortalities related to cancers in women. Mediation analyses estimated that the percent excess risk of APOE-ε4 on other causes of mortality risk explained by the dementia diagnosis was 24%, which increased to 34% when the sample was restricted to adults who were aged ≤75 years old. To reduce the mortality rate in adults who are aged ≥50 years old, it is essential to prevent dementia onset in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Ajnakina
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Shamsutdinova
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
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Navarro C, Salazar J, Díaz MP, Chacin M, Santeliz R, Vera I, D′Marco L, Parra H, Bernal MC, Castro A, Escalona D, García-Pacheco H, Bermúdez V. Intrinsic and environmental basis of aging: A narrative review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18239. [PMID: 37576279 PMCID: PMC10415626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Longevity has been a topic of interest since the beginnings of humanity, yet its aetiology and precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Aging is currently viewed as a physiological phenomenon characterized by the gradual degeneration of organic physiology and morphology due to the passage of time where both external and internal stimuli intervene. The influence of intrinsic factors, such as progressive telomere shortening, genome instability due to mutation buildup, the direct or indirect actions of age-related genes, and marked changes in epigenetic, metabolic, and mitochondrial patterns constitute a big part of its underlying endogenous mechanisms. On the other hand, several psychosocial and demographic factors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits, may have an even more significant impact on shaping the aging process. Consequentially, implementing dietary and exercise patterns has been proposed as the most viable alternative strategy for attenuating the most typical degenerative aging changes, thus increasing the likelihood of prolonging lifespan and achieving successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Navarro
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacin
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | - Raquel Santeliz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Ivana Vera
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Luis D′Marco
- Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU Medicine Department, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Heliana Parra
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | | | - Ana Castro
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Daniel Escalona
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Henry García-Pacheco
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía. Hospital General del Sur “Dr. Pedro Iturbe”. Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Unidad de Cirugía para la Obesidad y Metabolismo (UCOM). Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
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Egan BM, Pohl F, Anderson X, Williams SC, Adodo IG, Hunt P, Wang Z, Chiu CH, Scharf A, Mosley M, Kumar S, Schneider DL, Fujiwara H, Hsu FF, Kornfeld K. The ACE-inhibitor drug captopril inhibits ACN-1 to control dauer formation and aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.17.549402. [PMID: 37502959 PMCID: PMC10370070 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.17.549402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a well-characterized role regulating blood pressure in mammals. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the RAAS has been shown to extend lifespan in C. elegans , Drosophila , and rodents, but its mechanism is not well defined. Here we investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug captopril, which extends lifespan in worms and mice. To investigate the mechanism, we performed a forward genetic screen for captopril hypersensitive mutants. We identified a missense mutation that causes a partial loss-of-function of the daf-2 receptor tyrosine kinase gene, a powerful regulator of aging. The homologous mutation in the human insulin receptor causes Donohue syndrome, establishing these mutant worms as an invertebrate model of this disease. Captopril functions in C. elegans by inhibiting ACN-1, the worm homolog of ACE. Reducing the activity of acn-1 via captopril or RNAi promoted dauer larvae formation, suggesting acn-1 is a daf gene. Captopril-mediated lifespan extension xwas abrogated by daf-16(lf) and daf-12(lf) mutations. Our results indicate that captopril and acn-1 control aging by modulating dauer formation pathways. We speculate that this represents a conserved mechanism of lifespan control. Summary Statement Captopril and acn-1 control aging. By demonstrating they regulate dauer formation and interact with daf genes, including a new DAF-2(A261V) mutant corresponding to a human disease variant, we clarified the mechanism.
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Bafei SEC, Shen C. Biomarkers selection and mathematical modeling in biological age estimation. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 37393295 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological age (BA) is important for clinical monitoring and preventing aging-related disorders and disabilities. Clinical and/or cellular biomarkers are measured and integrated in years using mathematical models to display an individual's BA. To date, there is not yet a single or set of biomarker(s) and technique(s) that is validated as providing the BA that reflects the best real aging status of individuals. Herein, a comprehensive overview of aging biomarkers is provided and the potential of genetic variations as proxy indicators of the aging state is highlighted. A comprehensive overview of BA estimation methods is also provided as well as a discussion of their performances, advantages, limitations, and potential approaches to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solim Essomandan Clémence Bafei
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Lathe R, St Clair D. Programmed ageing: decline of stem cell renewal, immunosenescence, and Alzheimer's disease. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023. [PMID: 37068798 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic maximum lifespan varies enormously across animal species from a few hours to hundreds of years. This argues that maximum lifespan, and the ageing process that itself dictates lifespan, are to a large extent genetically determined. Although controversial, this is supported by firm evidence that semelparous species display evolutionarily programmed ageing in response to reproductive and environmental cues. Parabiosis experiments reveal that ageing is orchestrated systemically through the circulation, accompanied by programmed changes in hormone levels across a lifetime. This implies that, like the circadian and circannual clocks, there is a master 'clock of age' (circavital clock) located in the limbic brain of mammals that modulates systemic changes in growth factor and hormone secretion over the lifespan, as well as systemic alterations in gene expression as revealed by genomic methylation analysis. Studies on accelerated ageing in mice, as well as human longevity genes, converge on evolutionarily conserved fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors, including KLOTHO, as well as insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and steroid hormones, as key players mediating the systemic effects of ageing. Age-related changes in these and multiple other factors are inferred to cause a progressive decline in tissue maintenance through failure of stem cell replenishment. This most severely affects the immune system, which requires constant renewal from bone marrow stem cells. Age-related immune decline increases risk of infection whereas lifespan can be extended in germfree animals. This and other evidence suggests that infection is the major cause of death in higher organisms. Immune decline is also associated with age-related diseases. Taking the example of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we assess the evidence that AD is caused by immunosenescence and infection. The signature protein of AD brain, Aβ, is now known to be an antimicrobial peptide, and Aβ deposits in AD brain may be a response to infection rather than a cause of disease. Because some cognitively normal elderly individuals show extensive neuropathology, we argue that the location of the pathology is crucial - specifically, lesions to limbic brain are likely to accentuate immunosenescence, and could thus underlie a vicious cycle of accelerated immune decline and microbial proliferation that culminates in AD. This general model may extend to other age-related diseases, and we propose a general paradigm of organismal senescence in which declining stem cell proliferation leads to programmed immunosenescence and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lathe
- Division of Infection Medicine, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Little France, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - David St Clair
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
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Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Meta-Analysis of the Frequency of ACE I/D Polymorphisms in Centenarians and Other Long-Lived Individuals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043411. [PMID: 36834822 PMCID: PMC9966830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research on the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene has yielded controversial results on whether different ACE polymorphisms are linked with human longevity. ACE polymorphisms are a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and age-onset diseases that may contribute to the mortality of older people. Our goal is to consolidate existing studies, using artificial intelligence-assisted software to come to a more precise understanding of the role of the ACE gene in human longevity. The I (insertion) and D (deletion) polymorphisms in the intron are correlated with the levels of circulating ACE; homozygous D (DD) is high, and homozygous I (II) is low. Here, we performed a detailed meta-analysis of the I and D polymorphisms using centenarians (100+ years old), long-lived subjects (85+ years old), and control groups. ACE genotype distribution was analyzed across a total of 2054 centenarians and 12,074 controls, as well as 1367 long-lived subjects between the ages of 85-99, using the inverse variance and random effects methods. The ACE DD genotype was found to be favored in centenarians (OR: 1.41 (95% CI: 1.19-1.67), p < 0.0001) with a heterogeneity of 32%, and the II genotype slightly favored the control groups (OR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.98), p = 0.03) with a heterogeneity of 28%, corroborating results from previous meta-analyses. Novel to our meta-analysis, the ID genotype was found to be favored in control groups (OR: 0.86 (95% CI: 0.76-0.97), p = 0.01) with a heterogeneity of 0%. The long-lived group showed a similar positive association between the DD genotype and longevity (OR: 1.34 (95% CI: 1.21-1.48), p < 0.0001) and a negative association between the II genotype and longevity (OR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.70-0.88), p < 0.0001). The long-lived ID genotype did not show significant findings (OR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.84-1.02), p = 0.79). In conclusion, the results suggest a significant positive association of the DD genotype with human longevity. However, despite the previous study, the results do not confirm a positive association of the ID genotype with human longevity. We suggest a few important paradoxical implications: (1) inhibition of ACE can increase longevity in model systems from nematodes to mammals, seemingly opposite to the finding in humans; (2) exceptional longevity associated with homozygous DD is also associated with age-related diseases with higher mortality risks in homozygous DD. We discuss ACE, longevity, and age-related diseases.
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Revelas M, Thalamuthu A, Zettergren A, Oldmeadow C, Najar J, Seidu NM, Armstrong NJ, Riveros C, Kwok JB, Schofield PR, Trollor JN, Waern M, Wright MJ, Zetterberg H, Ames D, Belnnow K, Brodaty H, Scott RJ, Skoog I, Attia JR, Sachdev PS, Mather KA. High polygenic risk score for exceptional longevity is associated with a healthy metabolic profile. GeroScience 2023; 45:399-413. [PMID: 35972662 PMCID: PMC9886704 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy metabolic measures in humans are associated with longevity. Dysregulation leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and negative health outcomes. Recent exceptional longevity (EL) genome wide association studies have facilitated estimation of an individual's polygenic risk score (PRS) for EL. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with high ELPRS have a low prevalence of MetS. Participants were from five cohorts of middle-aged to older adults. The primary analyses were performed in the UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 407,800, 40-69 years). Replication analyses were undertaken using three Australian studies: Hunter Community Study (n = 2122, 55-85 years), Older Australian Twins Study (n = 539, 65-90 years) and Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (n = 925, 70-90 years), as well as the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (n = 2273, 70-93 years). MetS was defined using established criteria. Regressions and meta-analyses were performed with the ELPRS and MetS and its components. Generally, MetS prevalence (22-30%) was higher in the older cohorts. In the UKBB, high EL polygenic risk was associated with lower MetS prevalence (OR = 0.94, p = 1.84 × 10-42) and its components (p < 2.30 × 10-8). Meta-analyses of the replication cohorts showed nominal associations with MetS (p = 0.028) and 3 MetS components (p < 0.05). This work suggests individuals with a high polygenic risk for EL have a healthy metabolic profile promoting longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Revelas
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Jenna Najar
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nazib M Seidu
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Carlos Riveros
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margda Waern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Hong Kong Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - David Ames
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George's Hospital, Kew, VIC, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaj Belnnow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John R Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Driscoll I, Ma Y, Lose SR, Gallagher CL, Johnson SC, Asthana S, Hermann BP, Sager MA, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Carlsson CM, Engelman CD, Dubal DB, Okonkwo OC. AD-associated CSF biomolecular changes are attenuated in KL-VS heterozygotes. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 14:e12383. [PMID: 36505396 PMCID: PMC9728548 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Dementia as an inevitable aging consequence has been challenged and underscores the need for investigations of the factors that confer resilience. We examine whether the functionally advantageous KL-VS variant of the putative aging suppressor KLOTHO gene attenuates age-related cognitive decline and deleterious biomolecular changes. Methods Trajectories of change in memory and executive function (N = 360; 2-12 visits) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers-amyloid beta (Aβ)42, total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau) (N = 112; 2-4 samplings)-were compared between KL-VS non-carriers and heterozygotes in middle-aged and older adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center studies. Results Memory and executive function declined (p's≤ 0.001) and CSF t-tau, p-tau, t-tau/Aβ42, and p-tau/Aβ42 levels increased (all p's≤ 0.004) with age. The rate of p-tau accumulation was attenuated for KL-VS heterozygotes (p = 0.03). Discussion KL-VS heterozygosity may confer resilience to AD-associated biomolecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Driscoll
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Yue Ma
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Sarah R. Lose
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Catherine L. Gallagher
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical CenterWilliam S. Middleton VA HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical CenterWilliam S. Middleton VA HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical CenterWilliam S. Middleton VA HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Bruce P. Hermann
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mark A. Sager
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyQueen SquareLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
| | - Cynthia M. Carlsson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical CenterWilliam S. Middleton VA HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Corinne D. Engelman
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Departments of Population Health SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Dena B. Dubal
- Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for NeurosciencesUniversity of CaliforniaCaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA
| | - Ozioma C. Okonkwo
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical CenterWilliam S. Middleton VA HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
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Egan BM, Scharf A, Pohl F, Kornfeld K. Control of aging by the renin–angiotensin system: a review of C. elegans, Drosophila, and mammals. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:938650. [PMID: 36188619 PMCID: PMC9518657 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.938650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The free-living, non-parasitic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a premier model organism for the study of aging and longevity due to its short lifespan, powerful genetic tools, and conservation of fundamental mechanisms with mammals. Approximately 70 percent of human genes have homologs in C. elegans, including many that encode proteins in pathways that influence aging. Numerous genetic pathways have been identified in C. elegans that affect lifespan, including the dietary restriction pathway, the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway, and the disruption of components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. C. elegans is also a powerful system for performing drug screens, and many lifespan-extending compounds have been reported; notably, several FDA-approved medications extend the lifespan in C. elegans, raising the possibility that they can also extend the lifespan in humans. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in mammals is an endocrine system that regulates blood pressure and a paracrine system that acts in a wide range of tissues to control physiological processes; it is a popular target for drugs that reduce blood pressure, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). Emerging evidence indicates that this system influences aging. In C. elegans, decreasing the activity of the ACE homolog acn-1 or treatment with the ACE-inhibitor Captopril significantly extends the lifespan. In Drosophila, treatment with ACE inhibitors extends the lifespan. In rodents, manipulating the RAS with genetic or pharmacological interventions can extend the lifespan. In humans, polymorphisms in the ACE gene are associated with extreme longevity. These results suggest the RAS plays a conserved role in controlling longevity. Here, we review studies of the RAS and aging, emphasizing the potential of C. elegans as a model for understanding the mechanism of lifespan control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Egan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrea Scharf
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
| | - Franziska Pohl
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kerry Kornfeld
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Kerry Kornfeld,
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Okuzono SS, Shiba K, Lee HH, Shirai K, Koga HK, Kondo N, Fujiwara T, Kondo K, Grodstein F, Kubzansky LD, Trudel-Fitzgerald C. Optimism and Longevity Among Japanese Older Adults. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2022; 23:2581-2595. [PMID: 36919080 PMCID: PMC10010677 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-022-00511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimism has been linked to better physical health across various outcomes, including greater longevity. However, most evidence is from Western populations, leaving it unclear whether these relationships may generalize to other cultural backgrounds. Using secondary data analysis, we evaluated the associations of optimism among older Japanese adults. METHODS Data were from a nationwide cohort study of Japanese older adults aged ≥65 years (Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study; n = 10,472). In 2010, optimism and relevant covariates (i.e., sociodemographic factors, physical health conditions, depressive symptoms, and health behaviors) were self-reported. Optimism was measured using the Japanese version of the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Lifespan was determined using mortality information from the public long-term care insurance database through 2017 (7-year follow-up). Accelerated failure time models examined optimism (quintiles or standardized continuous scores) in relation to percent differences in lifespan. Potential effect modification by gender, income, and education was also investigated. RESULTS Overall, 733 individuals (7%) died during the follow-up period. Neither continuous nor categorical levels of optimism were associated with lifespan after progressive adjustment for covariates (e.g., in fully-adjusted models: percent differences in lifespan per 1-SD increase in continuous optimism scores= -1.2%, 95%CI: -3.4, 1.1 higher versus lower optimism quintiles= -4.1%, 95%CI: -11.2, 3.6). The association between optimism and lifespan was null across all sociodemographic strata as well. CONCLUSION Contrary to the existing evidence from Western populations, optimism was unrelated to longevity among Japanese older adults. The association between optimism, as evaluated by the LOT-R, and longevity may differ across cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakurako S. Okuzono
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, MA, USA
| | - Harold H. Lee
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Hayami K. Koga
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fran Grodstein
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MA, USA
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How Important Are Genes to Achieve Longevity? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105635. [PMID: 35628444 PMCID: PMC9145989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies on the genetics of longevity have been reviewed in this paper. The results show that, despite efforts and new technologies, only two genes, APOE and FOXO3A, involved in the protection of cardiovascular diseases, have been shown to be associated with longevity in nearly all studies. This happens because the genetic determinants of longevity are dynamic and depend on the environmental history of a given population. In fact, population-specific genes are thought to play a greater role in the attainment of longevity than those shared between different populations. Hence, it is not surprising that GWAS replicated associations of common variants with longevity have been few, if any, as these studies pool together different populations. An alternative way might be the study of long-life families. This type of approach is proving to be an ideal resource for uncovering protective alleles and associated biological signatures for healthy aging phenotypes and exceptional longevity.
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20
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Rea JNM, Broczek KM, Cevenini E, Celani L, Rea SAJ, Sikora E, Franceschi C, Fortunati V, Rea IM. Insights Into Sibling Relationships and Longevity From Genetics of Healthy Ageing Nonagenarians: The Importance of Optimisation, Resilience and Social Networks. Front Psychol 2022; 13:722286. [PMID: 35602748 PMCID: PMC9121911 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.722286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how to “Age Longer and Age Well” is a priority for people personally, for populations and for government policy. Approximately ten percent of nonagenarians reach 90 years and beyond in good condition and seem to have a combination of both age-span and health-span. However, the factors which contribute to human longevity remain challenging. Culture is a shared system of learning ideas, feelings, and survival strategies. It has a strong influence on each person’s psychological development, behavior, values and beliefs. Nonagenarians have rich life experiences that can teach us much about aging well; they are rich reservoirs of genetic, lifestyle and psychological information which can help understanding about how to live longer and better. Sibling or trio nonagenarians are important sources of family beliefs and behaviors upon which individual personalities may have been built. Their personal family histories and narratives are powerful tools that help to determine familial traits, beliefs and social behaviors which may help establish factors important in the siblings’ longevity. Using purposefully selected subjects, recruited to the Genetics of Healthy Ageing (GeHA) project in four European countries, this research used the simple life story and qualitative research methods to analyze contrasting and distinctive questions about the interface between the psychological and social worlds as presented in the nonagenarian siblings’ insights about their longevity. Their stories aimed to give better understanding about which psychological aspects of their common life journey and the degree of emotional support in their sibling relationships may have supported their paths to longevity. The most universal finding in each of the four European countries was that nonagenarians demonstrated high positivity, resilience and coping skills and were supported in social networks. Around this theme, nonagenarians reported “being happy,” “always cheerful,” “never melancholy” and having a contentment with a “rich life” and family relationships which fits with accumulating evidence that life satisfaction comes from a perceived self-efficacy and optimism. Most sibling relationships in this study, when analyzed according to the Gold classification, fit the “congenial” or “loyal” relationship type – demonstrating a healthy respect for the others’ opinion without overt dependence, which may help individual coping and survival mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nicola M. Rea
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisa Cevenini
- CIG-Interdepartmental Centre ‘L. Galvani’, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Celani
- CIG-Interdepartmental Centre ‘L. Galvani’, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Ewa Sikora
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- CIG-Interdepartmental Centre ‘L. Galvani’, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vita Fortunati
- CIG-Interdepartmental Centre ‘L. Galvani’, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Maeve Rea
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Irene Maeve Rea,
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21
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Guarneri M, Scola L, Giarratana RM, Bova M, Carollo C, Vaccarino L, Calandra L, Lio D, Balistreri CR, Cottone S. MIF rs755622 and IL6 rs1800795 Are Implied in Genetic Susceptibility to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020226. [PMID: 35205271 PMCID: PMC8872268 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by an increased risk of kidney failure and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aging and comorbidities as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, or tumors, might increase the risk of dialysis. In addition, genetic susceptibility factors might modulate kidney damage evolution. We have analyzed, in a group of ESRD patients and matched controls, a set of SNPs of genes (Klotho rs577912, rs564481, rs9536314; FGF23 rs7955866; IGF1 rs35767; TNFA rs1800629; IL6 rs1800795; MIF rs755622, rs1007888) chosen in relation to their possible involvement with renal disease and concomitant pathologies. Analysis of the raw data did indicate that IL6 rs180795 and MIF rs755622 SNPs might be markers of genetic susceptibility to ESRD. In particular, the C positive genotypes of MIF rs755622, (dominant model) seem to be an independent risk factor for ESDR patients (data adjusted for age, gender, and associated pathologies). Stratifying results according to age MIF rs755622 C positive genotype frequencies are increased in both the two age classes considered (<59 and ≥59-year-old subjects). Analyses of data according to gender allowed us to observe that ESRD women shoved a significantly reduced frequency of genotypes bearing IL6 rs180795 C allele. In addition, MIF rs755622 might interact with diabetes or hypercholesterolemia in increasing susceptibility to ESRD. In conclusion, our data indicate that some polymorphisms involved in the regulation of both renal function and inflammatory response can influence the evolution of chronic kidney disease and suggest that the modulation of the activities of these and other genes should also be considered as therapeutic targets on to intervene with innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Guarneri
- Unit of Nephrology & Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension Excellence Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal & Infant Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, “Paolo Giaccone” University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Letizia Scola
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
| | - Rosa Maria Giarratana
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
| | - Manuela Bova
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
| | - Caterina Carollo
- Unit of Nephrology & Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension Excellence Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal & Infant Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, “Paolo Giaccone” University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Loredana Vaccarino
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
| | - Leonardo Calandra
- Unit of Nephrology & Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension Excellence Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal & Infant Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, “Paolo Giaccone” University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Domenico Lio
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (L.S.); (R.M.G.); (M.B.); (L.V.); (C.R.B.)
| | - Santina Cottone
- Unit of Nephrology & Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension Excellence Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal & Infant Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, “Paolo Giaccone” University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.)
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22
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Cahill S, Chandola T, Hager R. Genetic Variants Associated With Resilience in Human and Animal Studies. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:840120. [PMID: 35669264 PMCID: PMC9163442 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.840120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience is broadly defined as the ability to maintain or regain functioning in the face of adversity and is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The identification of specific genetic factors and their biological pathways underpinning resilient functioning can help in the identification of common key factors, but heterogeneities in the operationalisation of resilience have hampered advances. We conducted a systematic review of genetic variants associated with resilience to enable the identification of general resilience mechanisms. We adopted broad inclusion criteria for the definition of resilience to capture both human and animal model studies, which use a wide range of resilience definitions and measure very different outcomes. Analyzing 158 studies, we found 71 candidate genes associated with resilience. OPRM1 (Opioid receptor mu 1), NPY (neuropeptide Y), CACNA1C (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C), DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma), and FKBP5 (FKBP prolyl isomerase 5) had both animal and human variants associated with resilience, supporting the idea of shared biological pathways. Further, for OPRM1, OXTR (oxytocin receptor), CRHR1 (corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1), COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase), BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), APOE (apolipoprotein E), and SLC6A4 (solute carrier family 6 member 4), the same allele was associated with resilience across divergent resilience definitions, which suggests these genes may therefore provide a starting point for further research examining commonality in resilience pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cahill
- Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Humanities, Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tarani Chandola
- Faculty of Humanities, Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Methods Hub, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Reinmar Hager
- Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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23
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Ni X, Bai C, Nie C, Qi L, Liu Y, Yuan H, Zhu X, Sun L, Zhou Q, Li Y, Zhen H, Su H, Li R, Lan R, Pang G, Lv Y, Zhang W, Yang F, Yao Y, Chen C, Wang Z, Gao D, Zhang N, Zhang S, Zhang L, Wu Z, Hu C, Zeng Y, Yang Z. Identification and replication of novel genetic variants of ABO gene to reduce the incidence of diseases and promote longevity by modulating lipid homeostasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24655-24674. [PMID: 34812738 PMCID: PMC8660604 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Genes related to human longevity have not been studied so far, and need to be investigated thoroughly. This study aims to explore the relationship among ABO gene variants, lipid levels, and longevity phenotype in individuals (≥90yrs old) without adverse outcomes. A genotype-phenotype study was performed based on 5803 longevity subjects and 7026 younger controls from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Four ABO gene variants associated with healthy longevity (rs8176719 C, rs687621 G, rs643434 A, and rs505922 C) were identified and replicated in the CLHLS GWAS data analysis and found significantly higher in longevity individuals than controls. The Bonferroni adjusted p-value and OR range were 0.013-0.020 and 1.126-1.151, respectively. According to the results of linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, the above four variants formed a block on the ABO gene (D’=1, r2range = 0.585-0.995). The carriers with genotypes rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, or rs505922 CX (prange = 2.728 x 10-107-5.940 x 10-14; ORrange = 1.004-4.354) and haplotype CGAC/XGXX (p = 2.557 x 10-27; OR = 2.255) had a substantial connection with longevity, according to the results of genetic model analysis. Following the genotype and metabolic phenotype analysis, it has been shown that the longevity individuals with rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, and rs505922 CX had a positive association with HDL-c, LDL-c, TC, TG (prange = 2.200 x 10-5-0.036, ORrange = 1.546-1.709), and BMI normal level (prange = 2.690 x 10-4-0.026, ORrange = 1.530-1.997). Finally, two pathways involving vWF/ADAMTS13 and the inflammatory markers (sE-selectin/ICAM1) that co-regulated lipid levels by glycosylation and effects on each other were speculated. In conclusion, the association between the identified longevity-associated ABO variants and better health lipid profile was elucidated, thus the findings can help in maintaining normal lipid metabolic phenotypes in the longevity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chen Bai
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Liping Qi
- College of Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Cangzhou 061100, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Hefu Zhen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Huabing Su
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rongqiao Li
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rushu Lan
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Pang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Danni Gao
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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24
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Dong C, Thalamuthu A, Jiang J, Mather KA, Brodaty H, Sachdev PS, Wen W. Parental lifespan and polygenic risk score of longevity are associated with white matter hyperintensities. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:689-696. [PMID: 34687304 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human longevity is moderately heritable and is hence influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. However, there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its relationship with brain ageing. Here, we used a discovery sample (N=19136, aged 45-81 years) from the UK Biobank and a replication sample (N=809, aged 66-93 years) from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study and the Older Australian Twins Study to investigate the associations between both parental lifespan (parental age at death) and polygenic risk score for longevity (longevity-PRS) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain metrics which are considered to reflect the brain ageing process, namely white matter hyperintensities (WMH), total grey matter and cortical volumes. We found lower volumes of WMH to be significantly associated with longer parental lifespan in the discovery (whole WMH, β=-0.0323, Padj=0.0002) and replication samples (whole WMH, β=-0.0871, Padj=0.0208) and higher longevity-PRS in the discovery sample (whole WMH, β=-0.0331, Padj=0.0015) and a similar trend in the replication sample (significant before multiple comparison adjustment). The association of longevity-PRS with WMH remained significant after removing the influence of the apolipoprotein E locus (whole WMH, β=-0.0297, Padj=0.0048). While total grey matter and cortical volumes were related to parental lifespan in the discovery sample, they were not significantly associated with longevity-PRS. Additionally, the effects of longevity-PRS on the association were more prominent in males. Our findings suggest that enrichment of longevity related alleles (PRS) may provide some protection against WMH burden and highlight the important aspect of genetic relationship between longevity and WMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia.,Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration (DCRC), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Academic Department for Old Age Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute (NPI), Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New Sout, Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute (NPI), Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Sydney, Australia
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25
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Secci R, Hartmann A, Walter M, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera-Palitschka S, Kowald A, Palmer D, Rimbach G, Fuellen G, Barrantes I. Biomarkers of geroprotection and cardiovascular health: An overview of omics studies and established clinical biomarkers in the context of diet. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2426-2446. [PMID: 34648415 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1975638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The slowdown, inhibition, or reversal of age-related decline (as a composite of disease, dysfunction, and, ultimately, death) by diet or natural compounds can be defined as dietary geroprotection. While there is no single reliable biomarker to judge the effects of dietary geroprotection, biomarker signatures based on omics (epigenetics, gene expression, microbiome composition) are promising candidates. Recently, omic biomarkers started to supplement established clinical ones such as lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines. In this review, we focus on human data. We first summarize the current take on genetic biomarkers based on epidemiological studies. However, most of the remaining biomarkers that we describe, whether omics-based or clinical, are related to intervention studies. Then, because of their promising potential in the context of dietary geroprotection, we focus on the effects of berry-based interventions, which up to now have been mostly described employing clinical markers. We provide an aggregation and tabulation of all the recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses that we could find related to this topic. Finally, we present evidence for the importance of the "nutribiography," that is, the influence that an individual's history of diet and natural compound consumption can have on the effects of dietary geroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Secci
- Junior Research Group Translational Bioinformatics, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Pathobiochemistry, Charite University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera-Palitschka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kowald
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Israel Barrantes
- Junior Research Group Translational Bioinformatics, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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26
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Ukraintseva S, Duan M, Arbeev K, Wu D, Bagley O, Yashkin AP, Gorbunova G, Akushevich I, Kulminski A, Yashin A. Interactions Between Genes From Aging Pathways May Influence Human Lifespan and Improve Animal to Human Translation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692020. [PMID: 34490245 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of aging research is identifying genetic targets that could be used to slow or reverse aging - changes in the body and extend limits of human lifespan. However, majority of genes that showed the anti-aging and pro-survival effects in animal models were not replicated in humans, with few exceptions. Potential reasons for this lack of translation include a highly conditional character of genetic influence on lifespan, and its heterogeneity, meaning that better survival may be result of not only activity of individual genes, but also gene-environment and gene-gene interactions, among other factors. In this paper, we explored associations of genetic interactions with human lifespan. We selected candidate genes from well-known aging pathways (IGF1/FOXO growth signaling, P53/P16 apoptosis/senescence, and mTOR/SK6 autophagy and survival) that jointly decide on outcomes of cell responses to stress and damage, and so could be prone to interactions. We estimated associations of pairwise statistical epistasis between SNPs in these genes with survival to age 85+ in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, and found significant (FDR < 0.05) effects of interactions between SNPs in IGF1R, TGFBR2, and BCL2 on survival 85+. We validated these findings in the Cardiovascular Health Study sample, with P < 0.05, using survival to age 85+, and to the 90th percentile, as outcomes. Our results show that interactions between SNPs in genes from the aging pathways influence survival more significantly than individual SNPs in the same genes, which may contribute to heterogeneity of lifespan, and to lack of animal to human translation in aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ukraintseva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Matt Duan
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Konstantin Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Deqing Wu
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Olivia Bagley
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Arseniy P Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Galina Gorbunova
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Igor Akushevich
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexander Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anatoliy Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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27
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Sohn HY, Kim SI, Park JY, Park SH, Koh YH, Kim J, Jo C. ApoE4 attenuates autophagy via FoxO3a repression in the brain. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17604. [PMID: 34475505 PMCID: PMC8413297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays multiple roles in lipid transport, neuronal signaling, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, and inflammation in the brain. It is also associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and its influence differs depending on the isoform. In particular, the ε4 allele of APOE is the highest genetic risk factor for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism by which ApoE4 contributes to the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. We investigated the effect of ApoE4 on autophagy in the human brains of ApoE4 carriers. Compared to non-carriers, the expression of FoxO3a regulating autophagy-related genes was significantly reduced in ApoE4 carriers, and the phosphorylation level of FoxO3a at Ser253 increased in ApoE4 carriers, indicating that FoxO3a is considerably repressed in ApoE4 carriers. As a result, the protein expression of FoxO3a downstream genes, such as Atg12, Beclin-1, BNIP3, and PINK1, was significantly decreased, likely leading to dysfunction of both autophagy and mitophagy in ApoE4 carriers. In addition, phosphorylated tau accumulated more in ApoE4 carriers than in non-carriers. Taken together, our results suggest that ApoE4 might attenuate autophagy via the repression of FoxO3a in AD pathogenesis. The regulation of the ApoE4-FoxO3a axis may provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AD with the APOE4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Sohn
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ik Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yun Park
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Koh
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Chulman Jo
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
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28
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Lin CW, Chang LC, Ma T, Oh H, French B, Puralewski R, Mathews F, Fang Y, Lewis DA, Kennedy JL, Mueller D, Marshe VS, Jaffe A, Chen Q, Ursini G, Weinberger D, Newman AB, Lenze EJ, Nikolova YS, Tseng GC, Sibille E. Older molecular brain age in severe mental illness. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3646-3656. [PMID: 32632206 PMCID: PMC7785531 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are associated with accelerated aging and enhanced risk for neurodegenerative disorders. Brain aging is associated with molecular, cellular, and structural changes that are robust on the group level, yet show substantial inter-individual variability. Here we assessed deviations in gene expression from normal age-dependent trajectories, and tested their validity as predictors of risk for major mental illnesses and neurodegenerative disorders. We performed large-scale gene expression and genotype analyses in postmortem samples of two frontal cortical brain regions from 214 control subjects aged 20-90 years. Individual estimates of "molecular age" were derived from age-dependent genes, identified by robust regression analysis. Deviation from chronological age was defined as "delta age". Genetic variants associated with deviations from normal gene expression patterns were identified by expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) of age-dependent genes or genome-wide association study (GWAS) on delta age, combined into distinct polygenic risk scores (PRScis-eQTL and PRSGWAS), and tested for predicting brain disorders or pathology in independent postmortem expression datasets and clinical cohorts. In these validation datasets, molecular ages, defined by 68 and 76 age-related genes for two brain regions respectively, were positively correlated with chronological ages (r = 0.88/0.91), elevated in bipolar disorder (BP) and schizophrenia (SCZ), and unchanged in major depressive disorder (MDD). Exploratory analyses in independent clinical datasets show that PRSs were associated with SCZ and MDD diagnostics, and with cognition in SCZ and pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). These results suggest that older molecular brain aging is a common feature of severe mental illnesses and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate school of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Lun-Ching Chang
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate school of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Tianzhou Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate school of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Hyunjung Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada
| | - Beverly French
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA
| | - Rachel Puralewski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA
| | - Fasil Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA
| | - Yusi Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate school of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - David A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Mueller
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria S Marshe
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Jaffe
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Gianluca Ursini
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Daniel Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate school of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15312, USA.
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1R8, ON, Canada.
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29
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Fernández-Blázquez MA, del Ser T, Frades-Payo B, Ávila-Villanueva M, Valentí-Soler M, Benítez-Robredo MT, Bermejo-Aguña A, Pedrero-Pérez EJ, Quilis-Sancho J, Pastor AB, Fernández-Garrido C, Morales-Alonso S, Diaz-Olalla JM, Santos NC, Maestú F, Gómez-Ramírez J. MADRID+90 study on factors associated with longevity: Study design and preliminary data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251796. [PMID: 33999936 PMCID: PMC8128242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive aging of the population represents a challenge for society. In particular, a strong increase in the number of people over 90 is expected in the next two decades. As this phenomenon will lead to an increase in illness and age-related dependency, the study of long-lived people represents an opportunity to explore which lifestyle factors are associated with healthy aging and which with the emergence of age-related diseases, especially Alzheimer's type dementia. The project "Factors associated with healthy and pathologically aging in a sample of elderly people over 90 in the city of Madrid" (MADRID+90) brings together a multidisciplinary research team in neurodegenerative diseases that includes experts in epidemiology, neurology, neuropsychology, neuroimaging and computational neuroscience. In the first phase of the project, a stratified random sampling was carried out according to the census of the city of Madrid followed by a survey conducted on 191 people aged 90 and over. This survey gathered information on demographics, clinical data, lifestyles and cognitive status. Here, the main results of that survey are showed. The second phase of the project aims to characterize individual trajectories in the course of either healthy and pathological aging, from a group of 50 subjects over 90 who will undergo a comprehensive clinical examination comprised of neurological and cognitive testing, MRI and EEG. The ultimate goal of the project is to characterize the biophysical and clinical profiles of a population that tends to receive little attention in the literature. A better understanding of the rapidly increasing group of nonagenarians will also help to design new policies that minimize the impact and future social and economic consequences of rapidly aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Fernández-Blázquez
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Teodoro del Ser
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Frades-Payo
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Ávila-Villanueva
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meritxell Valentí-Soler
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Bermejo-Aguña
- Municipal Statistics Service, S.D.G. for Statistics, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Quilis-Sancho
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Pastor
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara Morales-Alonso
- Evaluation and Quality Department, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Diaz-Olalla
- Evaluation and Quality Department, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadine Correia Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Ramírez
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofía Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Guest PC. New Therapeutic Approaches and Biomarkers for Increased Healthspan. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1286:1-13. [PMID: 33725342 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare costs have increased in developing countries over the last few decades, mostly due to the escalation in average life expectancy and the concomitant increase in age-related disorders. To address this issue, widespread research is now being undertaken across the globe with the aim of finding a way of increasing healthy aging. A number of potential interventions have already shown promise, including lifestyle changes and the use of natural products or pharmaceuticals that may delay the onset of diseases associated with the aging process. In parallel, a number of potential biomarkers have already been identified that can be used for assessing risk of developing age-associated disorders and for monitoring response to therapeutic interventions. This review describes the most recent advances towards the goal of achieving healthier aging with fewer disabilities that may lead to enhanced quality of life and reduced healthcare costs around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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31
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Zhang J, Burnaevskiy N, Annis J, Han W, Hou D, Ladd P, Lee L, Mendenhall AR, Oshima J, Martin GM. Cell-to-Cell Variation in Gene Expression for Cultured Human Cells Is Controlled in Trans by Diverse Genes: Implications for the Pathobiology of Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:2295-2298. [PMID: 31957802 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell variation in gene expression increases among homologous cells within multiple tissues during aging. We call this phenomenon variegated gene expression (VGE). Long, healthy life requires robust and coordinated gene expression. We posit that nature may have evolved VGE as a bet-hedging mechanism to protect reproductively active populations. The price we may pay is accelerated aging. That hypothesis will require the demonstration that genetic loci are capable of modulating degrees of VGE. While loci controlling VGE in yeast and genes controlling interindividual variation in gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans have been identified, there has been no compelling evidence for the role of specific genetic loci in modulations of VGE of specific targets in humans. With the assistance of a core facility, we used a customized library of siRNA constructs to screen 1,195 human genes to identify loci contributing to the control of VGE of a gene with relevance to the biology of aging. We identified approximately 50 loci controlling VGE of the prolongevity gene, SIRT1. Because of its partial homology to FOXO3A, a variant of which is enriched in centenarians, our laboratory independently confirmed that the knockdown of FOXF2 greatly diminished VGE of SIRT1 but had little impact upon the VGE of WRN. While the role of these VGE-altering genes on aging in vivo remains to be determined, we hypothesize that some of these genes can be targeted to increase functionality during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - James Annis
- Quellos High-throughput Screening Core, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Wenyan Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Deyin Hou
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Paula Ladd
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lin Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
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32
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Driscoll I, Ma Y, Gallagher CL, Johnson SC, Asthana S, Hermann BP, Sager MA, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Carlsson CM, Engelman CD, Dubal DB, Okonkwo OC. Age-Related Tau Burden and Cognitive Deficits Are Attenuated in KLOTHO KL-VS Heterozygotes. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1297-1305. [PMID: 33427737 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of new genetic variants that modify Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk will elucidate novel targets for curbing the disease progression or delaying symptom onset. OBJECTIVE To examine whether the functionally advantageous KLOTHO gene KL-VS variant attenuates age-related alteration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers or cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults enriched for AD risk. METHODS Sample included non-demented adults (N = 225, mean age = 63±8, 68% women) from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center who were genotyped for KL-VS, underwent CSF sampling and had neuropsychological testing data available proximal to CSF draw. Covariate-adjusted multivariate regression examined relationships between age group (Younger versus Older; mean split at 63 years), AD biomarkers, and neuropsychological performance tapping memory and executive function, and whether these relationships differed between KL-VS non-carriers (KL-VSNC) and heterozygote (KL-VSHET). RESULTS In the pooled analyses, older age was associated with higher levels of total tau (tTau), phosphorylated tau (pTau), and their respective ratios to amyloid-β (Aβ)42 (ps ≤ 0.002), and with poorer performance on neuropsychological tests (ps ≤ 0.001). In the stratified analyses, KL-VSNC exhibited this age-related pattern of associations with CSF biomarkers (all ps ≤ 0.001), and memory and executive function (ps ≤ 0.003), which were attenuated in KL-VSHET (ps ≥ 0.14). CONCLUSION Worse memory and executive function, and higher tau burden with age were attenuated in carriers of a functionally advantageous KLOTHO variant. KL-VS heterozygosity seems to be protective against age-related cognitive and biomolecular alterations that confer risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Driscoll
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yue Ma
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Catherine L Gallagher
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bruce P Hermann
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark A Sager
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Corinne D Engelman
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Departments of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dena B Dubal
- Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ozioma C Okonkwo
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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33
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Brandts L, van Tilburg TG, Bosma H, Huisman M, van den Brandt PA. Loneliness in Later Life and Reaching Longevity: Findings From the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:415-424. [PMID: 32880641 PMCID: PMC7813181 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is an increasing research interest in factors that characterize those who reach exceptionally old ages. Although loneliness is often associated with an increased risk for premature mortality, its relationship with reaching longevity is still unclear. We aimed to quantify the association between (social/emotional) loneliness and the likelihood of reaching the age of 90 years in men and women separately. Methods For these analyses, data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were used. Loneliness, social loneliness, and emotional loneliness were assessed at baseline using the 11-item De Jong-Gierveld scale in 1992–1993 (at age 64–85 years). Follow-up for vital status information until the age of 90 years was 99.5% completed. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses with a fixed follow-up time were based on 1,032 men and 1,078 women to calculate risk ratios (RR) of reaching 90 years. Results No significant associations were observed between loneliness and reaching 90 years in both men (RR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70–1.14) and women (RR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.83–1.14). Social loneliness was significantly associated with a reduced chance of reaching 90 years in women (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67–0.99). Discussion The current analyses did not show support for the existence of a meaningful effect of loneliness on reaching longevity in both sexes. When investigating specific dimensions of loneliness, we observed that reporting social loneliness was associated with reaching 90 years in women. This indicates that, for women, a large and diverse personal network at an older age could increase the probability of reaching longevity. However, replication of our findings in other cohorts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Brandts
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Bosma
- Department of Social Medicine, CAPHRI - School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI - School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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34
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Khalid S, Rasheed U, Qamar U. GenF: A longevity predicting framework to aid public health sectors. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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35
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Brandts L, van Poppel FW, van den Brandt PA. Parental lifespan and the likelihood of reaching the age of 90 years in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 21:215-221. [PMID: 33368897 PMCID: PMC7898670 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim Growing evidence suggests an association between parental longevity and lifespan of subsequent generations. We aimed to reproduce earlier findings, showing a positive association between parental longevity and offspring's longevity. Additionally, we investigated whether this is mainly driven by the maternal or paternal germline in male and female offspring. Methods For these analyses, data from the oldest birth cohort (1916–17) of the Netherlands Cohort Study was used. Participants filled in a baseline questionnaire in 1986 (at age 68–70 years). Follow up for vital status information until the age of 90 years (2006–07) was >99.9% complete. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression analyses with a fixed follow‐up time were based on 2368 men and 2657 women with complete parental survival data and relevant confounders to calculate risk ratios (RR) of reaching longevity. Results In age‐adjusted models, paternal and maternal age at death were significantly positively associated with reaching 90 years in both male and female offspring. In male offspring, paternal age at death (≥90 years vs <80 years) showed the strongest association with survival to 90 years (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07–1.89), after confounder correction. In female offspring, maternal age at death (≥90 years vs <80 years) showed the strongest association with survival to 90 years (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04–1.40). Discussion After confounder adjustment, stronger and significant associations were observed between paternal lifespan and male offspring longevity, and maternal lifespan and female offspring longevity. Future research should investigate through which pathways a longer lifespan of parents is transmitted to their offspring. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 215–221.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Brandts
- GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Wa van Poppel
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI)/Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CAPHRI - School for Public Health and Primary Care, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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36
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Trudel-Fitzgerald C, Zevon ES, Kawachi I, Tucker-Seeley RD, Grodstein F, Kubzansky LD. The Prospective Association of Social Integration With Life Span and Exceptional Longevity in Women. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 75:2132-2141. [PMID: 31495897 PMCID: PMC7664314 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although stronger social relationships have been associated with reduced mortality risk in prior research, their associations with favorable health outcomes are understudied. We evaluated whether higher social integration levels were associated with longer life span and greater likelihood of achieving exceptional longevity. METHOD Women from the Nurses' Health Study completed the Berkman-Syme Social Network Index in 1992 (N = 72,322; average age = 58.80 years), and were followed through 2014 with biennial questionnaires. Deaths were ascertained from participants' families, postal authorities, and death registries. Accelerated failure time models adjusting for relevant covariates estimated percent changes in life span associated with social integration levels; logistic regressions evaluated likelihood of surviving to age 85 years or older among women who could reach that age during follow-up (N = 16,818). RESULTS After controlling for baseline demographics and chronic diseases, socially integrated versus isolated women had 10% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.80-11.42) longer life span and 41% (95% CI = 1.28-1.54) higher odds of surviving to age 85 years. All findings remained statistically significant after further adjusting for health behaviors and depression. DISCUSSION Better social integration is related to longer life span and greater likelihood of achieving exceptional longevity among midlife women. Findings suggest social integration may be an important psychosocial asset to evaluate for promoting longer, healthier lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily S Zevon
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Francine Grodstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Czajkowska K, Walewska A, Ishikawa T, Szczepańska K, Ajduk A. Age-related alterations in fertilization-induced Ca2+ oscillations depend on the genetic background of mouse oocytes†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:986-999. [PMID: 32761132 PMCID: PMC7609943 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal aging affects various aspects of oocytes' physiology, including the functionality of their nuclear apparatus and mitochondria. In the present paper, we wished to investigate whether advanced reproductive age impacts oocytes' ability to generate proper Ca2+ oscillations in response to monospermic fertilization. We examined three different mouse strains/crosses: inbred C57BL/6Tar, outbred Tar:SWISS, and hybrid F1 (C57BL/6Tar × CBA/Tar). The females were either 2-4 months old (young) or 13-16 months old (aged). We observed that the Ca2+ oscillatory pattern is altered in a strain-dependent manner and changes were more profound in aged C57BL/6Tar and F1 than in aged Tar:SWISS oocytes. We also showed that maternal aging differently affects the size of Ca2+ store and expression of Itpr1, Atp2a2, Erp44, and Pdia3 genes involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in oocytes of C57BL/6Tar, Tar:SWISS, and F1 genetic background, which may explain partially the differences in the extent of age-dependent changes in the Ca2+ oscillations in those oocytes. Maternal aging did not have any visible impact on the distribution of the ER cisterns in oocytes of all three genetic types. Finally, we showed that maternal aging alters the timing of the first embryonic interphase onset and that this timing correlates in C57BL/6Tar and Tar:SWISS oocytes with the frequency of fertilization-induced Ca2+ oscillations. Our results indicate that extreme caution is required when conclusions about oocyte/embryo physiological response to aging are made and complement an increasing amount of evidence that mammalian (including human) susceptibility to aging differs greatly depending on the genetic background of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czajkowska
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walewska
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Takao Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Ajduk
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Osborne B, Bakula D, Ben Ezra M, Dresen C, Hartmann E, Kristensen SM, Mkrtchyan GV, Nielsen MH, Petr MA, Scheibye-Knudsen M. New methodologies in ageing research. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101094. [PMID: 32512174 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is arguably the most complex phenotype that occurs in humans. To understand and treat ageing as well as associated diseases, highly specialised technologies are emerging that reveal critical insight into the underlying mechanisms and provide new hope for previously untreated diseases. Herein, we describe the latest developments in cutting edge technologies applied across the field of ageing research. We cover emerging model organisms, high-throughput methodologies and machine-driven approaches. In all, this review will give you a glimpse of what will be pushing the field onwards and upwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Osborne
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniela Bakula
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Ben Ezra
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Dresen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esben Hartmann
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stella M Kristensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Garik V Mkrtchyan
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malte H Nielsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael A Petr
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Robinson AC, Davidson YS, Roncaroli F, Minshull J, Tinkler P, Horan MA, Payton A, Pendleton N, Mann DM. Influence of APOE Genotype on Mortality and Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:281-286. [PMID: 32904716 PMCID: PMC7458549 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
While many studies have examined the associations between APOE genotype and mortality, findings have often been conflicting and it remains unclear whether APOE genotype affects longevity. Using selected individuals from the Manchester arm of the Brains for Dementia Research programme and University of Manchester Longitudinal Study of Cognition in Normal Healthy Old Age, we investigated relationships between APOE genotype and age at death in both cognitively normal and cognitively impaired individuals. Results indicated that carrying the APOE ɛ4 allele led to a reduced chance in an individual reaching 80+ years and remaining cognitively healthy. Conversely, APOE ɛ2 carriers tended to live longer and remain cognitively normal. These findings add to the evidence that APOE genotype influences longevity, especially in cognitively impaired individuals who carry the APOE ɛ4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Robinson
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Yvonne S. Davidson
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - James Minshull
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Phillip Tinkler
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Michael A. Horan
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Antony Payton
- Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - David M.A. Mann
- Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
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Wolf EJ, Logue MW, Zhao X, Daskalakis NP, Morrison FG, Escarfulleri S, Stone A, Schichman SA, McGlinchey RE, Milberg WP, Chen C, Abraham CR, Miller MW. PTSD and the klotho longevity gene: Evaluation of longitudinal effects on inflammation via DNA methylation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 117:104656. [PMID: 32438247 PMCID: PMC7293549 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longevity gene klotho (KL) is associated with age-related phenotypes including lifespan, cardiometabolic disorders, cognition, and brain morphology, in part, by conferring protection against inflammation. We hypothesized that the KL/inflammation association might be altered in the presence of psychiatric stress and operate via epigenetic pathways. We examined KL polymorphisms, and their interaction with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, in association with KL DNA methylation in blood. We further examined KL DNA methylation as a predictor of longitudinal changes in a peripheral biomarker of inflammation (C-reactive protein; CRP). METHODS The sample comprised 309 white non-Hispanic military veterans (93.5 % male; mean age: 32 years, range: 19-65; 30 % PTSD per structured diagnostic interview); 111 were reassessed approximately two years later. RESULTS Analyses revealed a methylation quantitative trait locus at rs9527025 (C370S, previously implicated in numerous studies of aging) in association with a Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine site (cg00129557; B = -.65, p = 1.29 X 10-20), located within a DNase hypersensitivity site in the body of KL. There was also a rs9527025 x PTSD severity interaction (B = .004, p = .035) on methylation at this locus such that the minor allele was associated with reduced cg00129557 methylation in individuals with few or no PTSD symptoms while this effect was attenuated in those with elevated levels of PTSD. Path models revealed that methylation at cg00129557 was inversely associated with CRP over time (B = -.14, p = .005), controlling for baseline CRP. There was also an indirect effect of rs9527025 X PTSD on subsequent CRP via cg00129557 methylation (indirect B = -.002, p = .033). CONCLUSIONS Results contribute to our understanding of the epigenetic correlates of inflammation in PTSD and suggest that KL methylation may be a mechanism by which KL genotype confers risk vs. resilience to accelerated aging in those experiencing traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine,Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Xiang Zhao
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | | | - Filomene G. Morrison
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | | | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System
| | - Steven A. Schichman
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System
| | - Regina E. McGlinchey
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center and Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
| | - William P. Milberg
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center and Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
| | - Cidi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Carmela R. Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
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The association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Klotho Gene and Mortality in Elderly Men: The MrOS Sweden Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10243. [PMID: 32581247 PMCID: PMC7314825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Klotho (KL) gene is involved in phosphate homeostasis. Polymorphisms in this gene have been reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Here we used computational tools to predict the damage-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human KL gene. We further investigated the association of SNPs in the KL gene and mortality in the Swedish multicenter prospective Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort. This study included 2921 men (aged 69-81 years) with mean 4.49 ± 1.03 years follow-up. 18 SNPs in the KL gene were genotyped using Sequenom. These SNPs were identified by in silico tools for the coding and noncoding genome to predict the damaging SNPs. After quality analyses, SNPs were analyzed for mortality risk using two steps approach on logistic regression model screening and then Cox regression model confirmation. Two non-synonymous SNPs rs9536314 and rs9527025 were found to be potentially damaging SNPs that affect KL protein stability and expression. However, these two SNPs were not statistically significantly associated with all-cause mortality (crude Hazard ratio [HR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-3.07 in rs9536314; crude HR 1.82, 95% CI 0.998-3.33 in rs9527025) or cardiovascular mortality (crude HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.56-4.14 in rs9536314; crude HR 1.54, 95% CI 0.55-4.33 in rs9527025) in additive model using Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, these two potentially damaging SNPs (rs9536314 and rs9527025) in the KL gene were not associated with all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality in MrOs cohort. Larger scales studies and meta-analysis are needed to confirm the correlation between polymorphisms of the KL gene and mortality.
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KLOTHO polymorphisms and age-related outcomes in community-dwelling older subjects: The São Paulo Ageing & Health (SPAH) Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8574. [PMID: 32444684 PMCID: PMC7244540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective KLOTHO gene expression in mice led to a syndrome resembling human ageing. This study evaluated three KLOTHO polymorphisms, namely G395A, C1818T, and C370S, in an elderly population (mean age of 73 years) and their associations with ageing-related outcomes (cardiovascular events, kidney function, osteoporosis, sarcopenia) and mortality. Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) was lower in subjects with 1818TT (P = 0.047) and 370SS (P = 0.046) genotypes. The 1818TT genotype (P = 0.006) and 1818T allele were associated with higher frequency of myocardial infarction (MI) (CC:1.7% vs. CT + TT:7.0%; P = 0.002). The 370SS genotype was associated with lower stroke frequency (P = 0.001). MI (OR 3.35 [95% CI: 1.29–8.74]) and stroke (OR 3.64 [95% CI: 1.48–8.97]) were associated with mortality. Regarding MI, logistic regression showed 1818T allele was a risk factor for death-related MI (OR 4.29 [95% CI: 1.60–11.52]; P = 0.003), while 370C was protective (OR 0.03 [95% CI: 0.01–0.08]; P < 0.001). Regarding stroke, the 395A and 370C alleles were protective factors (respectively: OR 0.28 [95% CI: 0.20–0.80]; P = 0.018; OR 0.10 [95% CI: 0.05–0.18]; P < 0.001). This is the first study to determine potential associations between common ageing-related outcomes/mortality and KLOTHO polymorphisms. The 1818T allele was a risk factor for MI-related death. The 395A and 370C alleles were protective factors for stroke-related death in elderly from community.
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Salas-Pérez F, Ramos-Lopez O, Mansego ML, Milagro FI, Santos JL, Riezu-Boj JI, Martínez JA. DNA methylation in genes of longevity-regulating pathways: association with obesity and metabolic complications. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1874-1899. [PMID: 30926763 PMCID: PMC6461164 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of physiological responses that can vary along lifespan. The aim of this research was to analyze the association between leukocyte DNAm in genes involved in longevity and the occurrence of obesity and related metabolic alterations in an adult population. Subjects from the MENA cohort (n=474) were categorized according to age (<45 vs 45>) and the presence of metabolic alterations: increased waist circumference, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. The methylation levels of 58 CpG sites located at genes involved in longevity-regulating pathways were strongly correlated (FDR-adjusted< 0.0001) with BMI. Fifteen of them were differentially methylated (p<0.05) between younger and older subjects that exhibited at least one metabolic alteration. Six of these CpG sites, located at MTOR (cg08862778), ULK1 (cg07199894), ADCY6 (cg11658986), IGF1R (cg01284192), CREB5 (cg11301281), and RELA (cg08128650), were common to the metabolic traits, and CREB5, RELA, and ULK1 were statistically associated with age. In summary, leukocyte DNAm levels of several CpG sites located at genes involved in longevity-regulating pathways were associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome traits, suggesting a role of DNAm in aging-related metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Salas-Pérez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - María L Mansego
- Department of Bioinformatics, Making Genetics S.L, Pamplona, 31002, Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - José L Santos
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - José I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile.,Institute IMDEA Food, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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Accardi G, Aiello A, Aprile S, Caldarella R, Cammarata G, Carru C, Caruso C, Ciaccio M, Colomba P, Galimberti D, Gambino CM, Davinelli S, De Vivo I, Ligotti ME, Vasto S, Zinellu A, Candore G. The Phenotypic Characterization of the Cammalleri Sisters, an Example of Exceptional Longevity. Rejuvenation Res 2020; 23:476-484. [PMID: 32242495 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This article shows demographic, clinical, anamnestic, cognitive, and functional data as well as biochemical, genetic, and epigenetic parameters of two exceptional siblings: Diega (supercentenarian) and Filippa (semisupercentenarian) Cammalleri. The purpose of this study is to provide new insights into the extreme phenotypes represented by semisupercentenarians and supercentenarians. Different studies have been published on supercentenarians, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the only concerning two sisters and the most detailed from a phenotypic point of view. Our findings agree with the suggestion that supercentenarians have an increasing relative resistance to age-related diseases, approximating the limits of the functional human reserve to address successfully the acute causes of death. More interestingly, our data agree with, and extend, the suggestion that inflammation and oxidative stress predict centenarian mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Aprile
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cammarata
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari. Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Italian Association of Anti-Ageing Physicians, Milano, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, Palermo, Italy.,Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Colomba
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio," University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari. Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Desarrollo evolutivo humano y longevidad. Un análisis bio-psicosocial. REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE PSICOLOGÍA 2020. [DOI: 10.33881/2027-1786.rip.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
En este trabajo se hace una revisión bibliográfica sobre el desarrollo evolutivo humano y longevidad, desde un enfoque biopsicosocial (Engel, 1977; Gliedt et al., 2017; Lehman et al., 2017). Tras aplicar el método de análisis PRISMA, se obtuvieron diversos resultados relacionados con un desarrollo evolutivo más longevo; así, en el área biológica, 3 factores: los SNPs, los telómeros y la química del estrés; en el área psicológica, 5 factores: la metacognición, la resiliencia, la espiritualidad, las relaciones personales y la depresión; y en el área social, 8 factores: la pseudo-heredabilidad, las relaciones conyugales, la maternidad, el nivel educativo, estilos de vida, dieta y restricción calórica, actividad física y mental y tecnología sanitaria. Ante los datos obtenidos en las tres áreas, de este enfoque biopsicosocial, y el repetido solapamiento entre factores del área psicológica y del área social, se plantea que pudieran considerarse estas dos como una conjunta, proponiéndose un enfoque explicativo con dos áreas: bio-psicosocial que, por factores encontrados en este trabajo, quedarían un 18,7% de biológica y un 81,3% psicosocial. Actualmente, hay suficiente información sobre desarrollo evolutivo humano y longevidad, pero una ausencia de investigaciones que estudien esos factores desde una perspectiva integrada. Mucha de esa información privilegiada se podría aplicar ya, psicológica y socialmente, a la población en general, para una mejora de su salud, en cualquier fase del desarrollo evolutivo humano.
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Khaltourina D, Matveyev Y, Alekseev A, Cortese F, Ioviţă A. Aging Fits the Disease Criteria of the International Classification of Diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 189:111230. [PMID: 32251691 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The disease criteria used by the World Health Organization (WHO) were applied to human biological aging in order to assess whether aging can be classified as a disease. These criteria were developed for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and included disease diagnostics, mechanisms, course and outcomes, known interventions, and linkage to genetic and environmental factors. RESULTS: Biological aging can be diagnosed with frailty indices, functional, blood-based biomarkers. A number of major causal mechanisms of human aging involved in various organs have been described, such as inflammation, replicative cellular senescence, immune senescence, proteostasis failures, mitochondrial dysfunctions, fibrotic propensity, hormonal aging, body composition changes, etc. We identified a number of clinically proven interventions, as well as genetic and environmental factors of aging. Therefore, aging fits the ICD-11 criteria and can be considered a disease. Our proposal was submitted to the ICD-11 Joint Task force, and this led to the inclusion of the extension code for "Ageing-related" (XT9T) into the "Causality" section of the ICD-11. This might lead to greater focus on biological aging in global health policy and might provide for more opportunities for the new therapy developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Khaltourina
- Department of Risk Factor Prevention, Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Dobrolyubova St. 11, Moscow, 127254, Russia; International Longevity Alliance, 19 avenue Jean Jaurès, Sceaux, 92330, France.
| | - Yuri Matveyev
- Research Lab, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2 k.1, Moscow, 129110, Russia
| | - Aleksey Alekseev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Franco Cortese
- Biogerontology Research Foundation, Apt 2354 Chynoweth House, Trevissome Park, Truro, London, TR4 8UN, UK
| | - Anca Ioviţă
- International Longevity Alliance, 19 avenue Jean Jaurès, Sceaux, 92330, France
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Oscanoa TJ, Cieza EC, Lizaraso-Soto FA, Guevara ML, Fujita RM, Romero-Ortuño R. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) genetic variation and longevity in Peruvian older people: a cross-sectional study. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:309-312. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1748227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro J. Oscanoa
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, ESSALUD, Lima, Perú
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - Edwin C. Cieza
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, ESSALUD, Lima, Perú
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - Frank A. Lizaraso-Soto
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú
| | - María L. Guevara
- Centro de Investigación de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, FMH-USMP, Lima, Perú
| | - Ricardo M. Fujita
- Centro de Investigación de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, FMH-USMP, Lima, Perú
| | - Román Romero-Ortuño
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Accardi G, Aprile S, Candore G, Caruso C, Cusimano R, Cristaldi L, Di Bona D, Duro G, Galimberti D, Gambino CM, Ligotti ME, Mazzucco W, Vasto S, Aiello A. Genotypic and Phenotypic Aspects of Longevity: Results from a Sicilian Survey and Implication for the Prevention and Treatment of Age-related Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:228-235. [PMID: 30864497 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190313115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that long living individuals are a model of successful ageing and that the identification of both genetic variants and environmental factors that predispose to a long and healthy life is of tremendous interest for translational medicine. METHODS We present the preliminary findings obtained from an ongoing study on longevity conducted on a sample of Sicilian long-lived individuals. RESULTS We review the characteristics of longevity in Sicily, taking into account lifestyle, environment, genetics, hematochemical values, body composition and immunophenotype. In addition, we discuss the possible implications of our data for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases. CONCLUSION As widely discussed in this review, the explanation of the role of genetics and lifestyle in longevity can provide important information on how to develop drugs and/or behaviours that can slow down or delay ageing. Thus, it will be possible to understand, through a "positive biology" approach, how to prevent and/or reduce elderly frailty and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Accardi
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
| | - Stefano Aprile
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy.,Italian Association of Anti-Ageing Physicians, Via Monte Cristallo, 1, 20159 Milano, Italy
| | - Rosanna Cusimano
- Local Health Unit 6, via Giacomo Cusmano, 24, 90141 Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Cristaldi
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy.,Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Duro
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Damiano Galimberti
- Italian Association of Anti-Ageing Physicians, Via Monte Cristallo, 1, 20159 Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother to Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, via del Vespro, 133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans, Edificio 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, Palermo 90134, Italy
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Romero-Blanco C, Artiga-González MJ, Gómez-Cabello A, Vila-Maldonado S, Casajús JA, Ara I, Aznar S. Strength and Endurance Training in Older Women in Relation to ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D Polymorphisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041236. [PMID: 32075076 PMCID: PMC7068405 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of two genetic polymorphisms, ACTN3R577X, and ACE I/D, on physical condition in a sample of active older women after a two-year training period. The sample was composed of 300 healthy women over the age of 60 who underwent a two-year training program. Adapted tests from the Senior Fitness Test were used. The genotyping of the polymorphisms was obtained from the participants’ DNA via buccal swabs. The analysis of the ACE polymorphism did not reveal differences between genotypes. The analysis of the R577X polymorphism showed a favorable effect for the ACTN3 XX genotype in tests for leg strength (p: 0.001) after training, compared to the other genotypes, and also in the analysis of the combined effect of the polymorphism (ACE II + ACTN3 RX/XX). The intragroup effect revealed an improvement in arm strength for carriers of the X allele after 24 months of training (p < 0.05). The endurance values significantly worsened in all study groups. Conclusions: The R577X polymorphism of ACTN3 may have an important role in capacities related to muscle strength, providing a beneficial effect for carriers of the X allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Romero-Blanco
- Physical Activity and Health Promotion Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain;
| | | | - Alba Gómez-Cabello
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Sara Vila-Maldonado
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (S.V.-M.); (I.A.)
- CIBERFES Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Health Aging, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajús
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Ignacio Ara
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (S.V.-M.); (I.A.)
- CIBERFES Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Health Aging, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Aznar
- Physical Activity and Health Promotion Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain;
- CIBERFES Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Health Aging, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-925-268-800 (ext. 5545)
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Abstract
The past two centuries have witnessed an unprecedented rise in human life expectancy. Sustaining longer lives with reduced periods of disability will require an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ageing, and genetics is a powerful tool for identifying these mechanisms. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have recently identified many loci that influence key human ageing traits, including lifespan. Multi-trait loci have been linked with several age-related diseases, suggesting shared ageing influences. Mutations that drive accelerated ageing in prototypical progeria syndromes in humans point to an important role for genome maintenance and stability. Together, these different strands of genetic research are highlighting pathways for the discovery of anti-ageing interventions that may be applicable in humans.
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