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Kondracki B, Kłoda M, Jusiak-Kłoda A, Kondracka A, Waciński J, Waciński P. MicroRNA Expression in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6430. [PMID: 38928136 PMCID: PMC11204345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension significantly contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these conditions. This systematic review conducts a thorough analysis of the literature, with a specific focus on investigating miRNA expression patterns in patients with CAD and hypertension. This review encompasses an unspecified number of eligible studies that employed a variety of patient demographics and research methodologies, resulting in diverse miRNA expression profiles. This review highlights the complex involvement of miRNAs in CAD and hypertension and the potential for advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Future research endeavors are imperative to validate these findings and elucidate the precise roles of miRNAs in disease progression, offering promising avenues for innovative diagnostic tools and targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kondracki
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.K.); (M.K.); (A.J.-K.); (P.W.)
| | - Mateusz Kłoda
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.K.); (M.K.); (A.J.-K.); (P.W.)
| | - Anna Jusiak-Kłoda
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.K.); (M.K.); (A.J.-K.); (P.W.)
| | - Adrianna Kondracka
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Waciński
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Waciński
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.K.); (M.K.); (A.J.-K.); (P.W.)
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Liu Y, Sun X, Gou Z, Deng Z, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Sun W, Bai Y, Jing Y. Epigenetic modifications in abdominal aortic aneurysms: from basic to clinical. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1394889. [PMID: 38895538 PMCID: PMC11183338 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1394889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a disease characterized by localized dilation of the abdominal aorta, involving multiple factors in its occurrence and development, ultimately leading to vessel rupture and severe bleeding. AAA has a high mortality rate, and there is a lack of targeted therapeutic drugs. Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in AAA, and the treatment of AAA in the epigenetic field may involve a series of related genes and pathways. Abnormal expression of these genes may be a key factor in the occurrence of the disease and could potentially serve as promising therapeutic targets. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of AAA is of significant importance in revealing the mechanisms underlying the disease and identifying new therapeutic targets. This knowledge can contribute to offering AAA patients better clinical treatment options beyond surgery. This review systematically explores various aspects of epigenetic regulation in AAA, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA, and RNA modification. The analysis of the roles of these regulatory mechanisms, along with the identification of relevant genes and pathways associated with AAA, is discussed comprehensively. Additionally, a comprehensive discussion is provided on existing treatment strategies and prospects for epigenetics-based treatments, offering insights for future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuChen Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - XiaoYun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhen Gou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - ZhenKun Deng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - YunRui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - PingPing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - YuChen Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Pinto TS, Feltran GDS, Fernandes CJDC, de Camargo Andrade AF, Coque ADC, Silva SL, Abuderman AA, Zambuzzi WF, Foganholi da Silva RA. Epigenetic changes in shear-stressed endothelial cells. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:665-681. [PMID: 38420868 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes, particularly histone compaction modifications, have emerged as critical regulators in the epigenetic pathway driving endothelial cell phenotype under constant exposure to laminar forces induced by blood flow. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms governing endothelial cell behavior in this context remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted in vitro experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells subjected to various tensional forces simulating pathophysiological blood flow shear stress conditions, ranging from normotensive to hypertensive forces. Our study uncovers a noteworthy observation wherein endothelial cells exposed to high shear stress demonstrate a decrease in the epigenetic marks H3K4ac and H3K27ac, accompanied by significant alterations in the levels of HDAC (histone deacetylase) proteins. Moreover, we demonstrate a negative regulatory effect of increased shear stress on HOXA13 gene expression and a concomitant increase in the expression of the long noncoding RNA, HOTTIP, suggesting a direct association with the suppression of HOXA13. Collectively, these findings represent the first evidence of the role of histone-related epigenetic modifications in modulating chromatin compaction during mechanosignaling of endothelial cells in response to elevated shear stress forces. Additionally, our results highlight the importance of understanding the physiological role of HOXA13 in vascular biology and hypertensive patients, emphasizing the potential for developing small molecules to modulate its activity. These findings warrant further preclinical investigations and open new avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting epigenetic mechanisms in hypertensive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Silva Pinto
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geórgia da Silva Feltran
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célio Júnior da C Fernandes
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Fantini de Camargo Andrade
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex de Camargo Coque
- Epigenetic Study Center and Gene Regulation-CEEpiRG, Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone L Silva
- School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Abdulwahab A Abuderman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Willian F Zambuzzi
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Foganholi da Silva
- Epigenetic Study Center and Gene Regulation-CEEpiRG, Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Zhao B. MiRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Biomark Res 2024; 12:17. [PMID: 38308370 PMCID: PMC10835919 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke, most often occurring between the ages of 45 and 60. Hypertension is most often the cause of ICH. Less often, atherosclerosis, blood diseases, inflammatory changes in cerebral vessels, intoxication, vitamin deficiencies, and other reasons cause hemorrhages. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur by diapedesis or as a result of a ruptured vessel. This very dangerous disease is difficult to treat, requires surgery and can lead to disability or death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (about 18-22 nucleotides) that are involved in a variety of biological processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, etc., through gene repression. A growing number of studies have demonstrated miRNAs deregulation in various cardiovascular diseases, including ICH. In addition, given that computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are either not available or do not show clear signs of possible vessel rupture, accurate and reliable analysis of circulating miRNAs in biological fluids can help in early diagnosis for prevention of ICH and prognosis patient outcome after hemorrhage. In this review, we highlight the up-to-date findings on the deregulated miRNAs in ICH, and the potential use of miRNAs in clinical settings, such as therapeutic targets and non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Boxian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
- Harbin Medical University No, 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Banerjee S, Paradkar MU, Ponde CK, Rajani RM, Pillai S, Ashavaid TF. Does epigenetic markers of HLA gene show association with coronary artery disease in Indian subjects? Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:173. [PMID: 38252175 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation, one of the most stable forms of epigenetic modification is associated with the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Our previously reported study on epigenome-wide microarray analysis showed significantly methylated CpG sites. Top 5 significant CpGs from HLA gene were selected and analysed by Pyrosequencing (PSQ) to determine their association with severity of CAD. METHODS Blood samples of 50-age matched angiographically CAD positive male cases with 50 angiographically CAD negative male controls were subjected to lipid profile estimation and PSQ for methylation level analysis. Findings and subgroup analysis were evaluated by Mann-Whitney U; Kruskal-Wallis' rank test and two-way ANOVA by MedCalc (v19.6). RESULTS Methylation levels in HLA-DQA1 for cg10217052 was 78.5 (37-85) and 76.5 (24-84); cg09411910 was 81 (72.0 to 93.0) and 81.5 (50.0 to 89.0) in cases and controls respectively. Levels in HLA-DQB1-cg03344051, were 28.88 + 9.41 for cases and 30.36 + 9.37 in controls. For HLA-DRB1-cg07889003, levels in cases and controls were 15.5 (5.00-39.00) and 10.5 (5.00-29.0); while in cg08269402 were 52 (16-65) and 42.5 (17-61) respectively. No association was observed between methylation levels and lipid profile. cg03344051, cg07889003 and cg08269402 were significantly differentiated in double or triple vessel disease (DVD or TVD) as compared to single vessel disease (SVD) suggesting an increase in the extent of methylation with the increase in CAD severity. CONCLUSION The present study shows significant increase in the extent of methylation in 3 CpG sites in DVD/TVD cases as compared to SVD cases. Additionally, a novel site, cg07889003 identified in our discovery phase has shown association with the severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamashree Banerjee
- Research Laboratories, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Minal U Paradkar
- Research Laboratories, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Department of Biochemistry, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Rajesh M Rajani
- Department of Cardiology, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudhir Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Tester F Ashavaid
- Research Laboratories, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
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Cabiati M, Guiducci L, Randazzo E, Casieri V, Federico G, Del Ry S. Circulating and Exosomal microRNA-33 in Childhood Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2295. [PMID: 37626791 PMCID: PMC10452681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-33 may control a wide range of different metabolic functions. METHODS This study aims to assess the miR-33a circulating profile in normal-weight (N = 20) and obese (O = 30) adolescents and to correlate its expression levels to their metabolic parameters. In a subset of subjects, we compared circulating miR-33a with exosomal miR-33a. RESULTS Metabolic parameters were altered in O, with initial hyperinsulinemia. Circulating miR-33a was significantly higher in O than in N (p = 0.0002). Significant correlations between miR-33a and auxological and metabolic indices (Insulin p = 0.01; Cholesterol p = 0.01; LDL p = 0.01; HbA1c p = 0.01) were found. Splitting our population (O + N) into two groups, according to the median value of mRNA expression miR-33a levels (0.701), irrespective of the presence or absence of obesity, we observed that those having a higher expression of miR-33a were more frequently obese (87.5% vs. 12.5%; p < 0.0001) and had significantly increased values of auxological and metabolic parameters. Exosomes extracted from plasma of N and O carried miR-33a, and its expression was lower in O (p = 0.026). No correlations with metabolic parameters were observed. CONCLUSION While exosome miR-33a does not provide any advantage, circulating miR-33a can provide important indications in an initial phase of metabolic dysfunction, stratifying obese adolescents at higher cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Letizia Guiducci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Valentina Casieri
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (L.G.)
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
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Singh P, Zhou L, Shah DA, Cejas RB, Crossman DK, Jouni M, Magdy T, Wang X, Sharafeldin N, Hageman L, McKenna DE, Horvath S, Armenian SH, Balis FM, Hawkins DS, Keller FG, Hudson MM, Neglia JP, Ritchey AK, Ginsberg JP, Landier W, Burridge PW, Bhatia S. Identification of novel hypermethylated or hypomethylated CpG sites and genes associated with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12683. [PMID: 37542143 PMCID: PMC10403495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of late morbidity in childhood cancer survivors. Aberrant DNA methylation plays a role in de novo cardiovascular disease. Epigenetic processes could play a role in anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy but remain unstudied. We sought to examine if genome-wide differential methylation at 'CpG' sites in peripheral blood DNA is associated with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. This report used participants from a matched case-control study; 52 non-Hispanic White, anthracycline-exposed childhood cancer survivors with cardiomyopathy were matched 1:1 with 52 survivors with no cardiomyopathy. Paired ChAMP (Chip Analysis Methylation Pipeline) with integrated reference-based deconvolution of adult peripheral blood DNA methylation was used to analyze data from Illumina HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip arrays. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was performed, and the model was adjusted for GrimAge, sex, interaction terms of age at enrollment, chest radiation, age at diagnosis squared, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs: diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia). Prioritized genes were functionally validated by gene knockout in human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. DNA-methylation EPIC array analyses identified 32 differentially methylated probes (DMP: 15 hyper-methylated and 17 hypo-methylated probes) that overlap with 23 genes and 9 intergenic regions. Three hundred and fifty-four differential methylated regions (DMRs) were also identified. Several of these genes are associated with cardiac dysfunction. Knockout of genes EXO6CB, FCHSD2, NIPAL2, and SYNPO2 in hiPSC-CMs increased sensitivity to doxorubicin. In addition, EWAS analysis identified hypo-methylation of probe 'cg15939386' in gene RORA to be significantly associated with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. In this genome-wide DNA methylation profile study, we observed significant differences in DNA methylation at the CpG level between anthracycline-exposed childhood cancer survivors with and without cardiomyopathy, implicating differential DNA methylation of certain genes could play a role in pathogenesis of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Singh
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Liting Zhou
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Disheet A Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Romina B Cejas
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mariam Jouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology and Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noha Sharafeldin
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lindsey Hageman
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Donald E McKenna
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saro H Armenian
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Frank M Balis
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Frank G Keller
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - A Kim Ritchey
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Wendy Landier
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Piťha J, Vaněčková I, Zicha J. Hypertension after the Menopause: What Can We Learn from Experimental Studies? Physiol Res 2023; 72:S91-S112. [PMID: 37565415 PMCID: PMC10660576 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease of the adult population and is closely associated with serious cardiovascular events. The burden of hypertension with respect to vascular and other organ damage is greater in women. These sex differences are not fully understood. The unique feature in women is their transition to menopause accompanied by profound hormonal changes that affect the vasculature that are also associated with changes of blood pressure. Results from studies of hormone replacement therapy and its effects on the cardiovascular system are controversial, and the timing of treatment after menopause seems to be important. Therefore, revealing potential sex- and sex hormone-dependent pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension in experimental studies could provide valuable information for better treatment of hypertension and vascular impairment, especially in postmenopausal women. The experimental rat models subjected to ovariectomy mimicking menopause could be useful tools for studying the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation after menopause and during subsequent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Piťha
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Xu ZY, Jing X, Xiong XD. Emerging Role and Mechanism of the FTO Gene in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050850. [PMID: 37238719 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was the first obesity-susceptibility gene identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A growing number of studies have suggested that genetic variants of FTO are strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and acute coronary syndrome. In addition, FTO was also the first N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, suggesting the reversible nature of m6A modification. m6A is dynamically deposited, removed, and recognized by m6A methylases, demethylases, and m6A binding proteins, respectively. By catalyzing m6A demethylation on mRNA, FTO may participate in various biological processes by modulating RNA function. Recent studies demonstrated that FTO plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and atherosclerosis and may hold promise as a potential therapeutic target for treating or preventing a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the association between FTO genetic variants and cardiovascular disease risk, summarize the role of FTO as an m6A demethylase in cardiovascular disorders, and discuss future research directions and possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xia Jing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xing-Dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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10
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Genome Editing and Heart Failure. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:75-85. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Aitbaev KA, Murkamilov IT, Fomin VV, Rayimzhanov ZR, Yusupova TF, Yusupov FA. [New data on the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke: epigenetic mechanisms in focus]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:24-29. [PMID: 38148694 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is a branch of molecular biology that studies modifications able to change gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modulations include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. These heritable and modifiable gene changes can be caused by lifestyle and dietary factors. In recent years, epigenetic changes have been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, renal pathology and various types of cancer. They were also associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke. In this regard, it is important to note that since epigenetic modifications are reversible processes, they can help in the development of new therapeutic approaches to treat human diseases. This mini-review presents the latest data on the influence of epigenetic modifications on the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke obtained both in animal models and in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Aitbaev
- Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - I T Murkamilov
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Kyrgyz- Russian Slavic University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - V V Fomin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Z R Rayimzhanov
- Burdenko Military Clinical Hospital Ministry of Defense of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Inverse Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure Is Associated with an Increased Renin-Angiotensin System Activity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112811. [PMID: 36359330 PMCID: PMC9687845 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High and low sodium diets are associated with increased blood pressure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The paradoxical response of elevated BP in low salt diets, aka inverse salt sensitivity (ISS), is an understudied vulnerable 11% of the adult population with yet undiscovered etiology. A linear relationship between the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2, rs6276 and 6277), and the sodium myo-inositol cotransporter 2 (SLC5A11, rs11074656), as well as decreased expression of these two genes in urine-derived renal proximal tubule cells (uRPTCs) isolated from clinical study participants suggest involvement of these cells in ISS. Insight into this newly discovered paradoxical response to sodium is found by incubating cells in low sodium (LS) conditions that unveil cell physiologic differences that are then reversed by mir-485-5p miRNA blocker transfection and bypassing the genetic defect by DRD2 re-expression. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important counter-regulatory mechanism to prevent hyponatremia under LS conditions. Oversensitive RAS under LS conditions could partially explain the increased mortality in ISS. Angiotensin-II (AngII, 10 nmol/L) increased sodium transport in uRPTCs to a greater extent in individuals with ISS than SR. Downstream signaling of AngII is verified by identifying lowered expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), and manganese-dependent mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) only in ISS-derived uRPTCs and not SR-derived uRPTCs when incubated in LS conditions. We conclude that DRD2 and SLC5A11 variants in ISS may cause an increased low sodium sensitivity to AngII and renal sodium reabsorption which can contribute to inverse salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Peng J, Ghosh D, Zhang F, Yang L, Wu J, Pang J, Zhang L, Yin S, Jiang Y. Advancement of epigenetics in stroke. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:981726. [PMID: 36312038 PMCID: PMC9610114 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.981726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide plethora of intervention procedures, tissue plasminogen activators, mechanical thrombectomy, and several neuroprotective drugs were reported in stroke research over the last decennium. However, against this vivid background of newly emerging pieces of evidence, there is little to no advancement in the overall functional outcomes. With the advancement of epigenetic tools and technologies associated with intervention medicine, stroke research has entered a new fertile. The stroke involves an overabundance of inflammatory responses arising in part due to the body's immune response to brain injury. Neuroinflammation contributes to significant neuronal cell death and the development of functional impairment and even death in stroke patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that epigenetics plays a key role in post-stroke conditions, leading to inflammatory responses and alteration of the microenvironment within the injured tissue. In this review, we summarize the progress of epigenetics which provides an overview of recent advancements on the emerging key role of secondary brain injury in stroke. We also discuss potential epigenetic therapies related to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dipritu Ghosh
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shigang Yin
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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14
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RNA modifications in aging-associated cardiovascular diseases. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8110-8136. [PMID: 36178367 PMCID: PMC9596201 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide that bears an enormous healthcare burden and aging is a major contributing factor to CVDs. Functional gene expression network during aging is regulated by mRNAs transcriptionally and by non-coding RNAs epi-transcriptionally. RNA modifications alter the stability and function of both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs and are involved in differentiation, development, and diseases. Here we review major chemical RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, including N6-adenosine methylation, N1-adenosine methylation, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridylation, 2′ -O-ribose-methylation, and N7-methylguanosine, in the aging process with an emphasis on cardiovascular aging. We also summarize the currently available methods to detect RNA modifications and the bioinformatic tools to study RNA modifications. More importantly, we discussed the specific implication of the RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of aging-associated CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart diseases, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, venous insufficiency, and stroke.
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Liu Y, Shang G, Zhang X, Liu F, Zhang C, Li Z, Jia J, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Yang S, Zhou B, Luan Y, Huang Y, Peng Y, Han T, He Y, Zheng H. CAMTA1 gene affects the ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating CCND1. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:868291. [PMID: 36159397 PMCID: PMC9500443 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.868291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulations lead to changes in gene expression, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. In recent years, epigenetic modifications have been related to the pathogenesis of different types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that DNA methylation could be associated with ischemic stroke (IS) and plays a role in pathological progression, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully understood. In this study, we used human methylation 850K BeadChip to analyze the differences in gene methylation status in the peripheral blood samples from two groups (3 IS patients vs. 3 healthy controls). According to their bioinformatics profiling, we found 278 genes with significantly different methylation levels. Seven genes with the most significant methylation modifications were validated in two expanded groups (100 IS patients vs. 100 healthy controls). The CAMTA1 gene had significantly different methylation changes in patients compared to the controls. To understand the CAMTA1 function in stroke, we generated CAMTA1 knockout in SH-SY5Y cells. RNA seq results in CAMTA1 knockout cells revealed the pathways and gene set enrichments involved in cellular proliferation and cell cycle. Furthermore, a series of experiments demonstrated that in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model system, the expression of cyclin D1, an essential regulator of cell cycle progression, was increased in SH-SY5Y CAMTA1 KO cells. Increasing evidence demonstrated that ischemic stress could inappropriately raise cyclin D1 levels in mature neurons. However, the molecular signals leading to an increased cyclin D1 level are unclear. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that the CAMTA1 gene could regulate cyclin D1 expression and implicate their role in strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guohui Shang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuran Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuyong Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaojing Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shangdong Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baixue Zhou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingying Luan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyang Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Han
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Ying He
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Zheng
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The Role of DNA Methylation in Stroke Recovery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810373. [PMID: 36142283 PMCID: PMC9499691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations affect the onset of ischemic stroke, brain injury after stroke, and mechanisms of poststroke recovery. In particular, DNA methylation can be dynamically altered by maintaining normal brain function or inducing abnormal brain damage. DNA methylation is regulated by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), which promotes methylation, DNA demethylase, which removes methyl groups, and methyl-cytosine–phosphate–guanine-binding domain (MBD) protein, which binds methylated DNA and inhibits gene expression. Investigating the effects of modulating DNMT, TET, and MBD protein expression on neuronal cell death and neurorepair in ischemic stroke and elucidating the underlying mechanisms can facilitate the formulation of therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection and promotion of neuronal recovery after stroke. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation in neuroprotection and neuronal recovery after stroke according to the current knowledge regarding the effects of DNA methylation on excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and recovery after ischemic stroke. This review of the literature regarding the role of DNA methylation in neuroprotection and functional recovery after stroke may contribute to the development and application of novel therapeutic strategies for stroke.
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Histone Deacetylase 1 Depletion Alleviates Coronary Heart Disease Via the MicroRNA-182-Mediated Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad Signaling Pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:815-826. [PMID: 35289769 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Histone deacetylase (HDAC) determines the acetylation status of histones, thereby regulating gene expression. HDAC inhibitors have been demonstrated to suppress cardiomyocyte growth in vitro and in vivo. We assessed here whether HDAC1 exerts an aggravating effect on coronary heart disease (CHD). Epigenetic probe array revealed that HDAC1 was overexpressed in patients with CHD. HDAC1 was then downregulated in rat cardiomyocytes, and microRNA microarray analysis was performed to detect downstream targets of HDAC1, followed by chromatin immunoprecipitation validation. HDAC1 inhibited miR-182 expression through deacetylation. miR-182 was poorly expressed in patients with CHD. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, hematoxylin-eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling assay, and immunohistochemistry, we observed that HDAC1 downregulation promoted cardiac function, restored lipid levels, reduced myocardial injury markers and inflammatory factors, and alleviated myocardial tissue damage and apoptosis in CHD rats. By contrast, miR-182 downregulation exacerbated injury in rats in the presence of HDAC1 knockdown. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the target genes of miR-182 were mainly enriched in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad pathway. Western blot also validated that HDAC1/miR-182 modulated the TGF-β/Smad pathway activity. Our results demonstrated that HDAC1 repressed miR-182 and activated the TGF-β/Smad pathway to promote CHD.
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Stroke and Etiopathogenesis: What Is Known? Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060978. [PMID: 35741740 PMCID: PMC9222702 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A substantial portion of stroke risk remains unexplained, and a contribution from genetic factors is supported by recent findings. In most cases, genetic risk factors contribute to stroke risk as part of a multifactorial predisposition. A major challenge in identifying the genetic determinants of stroke is fully understanding the complexity of the phenotype. Aims: Our narrative review is needed to improve our understanding of the biological pathways underlying the disease and, through this understanding, to accelerate the identification of new drug targets. Methods: We report, the research in the literature until February 2022 in this narrative review. The keywords are stroke, causes, etiopathogenesis, genetic, epigenetic, ischemic stroke. Results: While better risk prediction also remains a long-term goal, its implementation is still complex given the small effect-size of genetic risk variants. Some authors encourage the use of stroke genetic panels for stroke risk assessment and further stroke research. In addition, new biomarkers for the genetic causes of stroke and new targets for gene therapy are on the horizon. Conclusion: We summarize the latest evidence and perspectives of ischemic stroke genetics that may be of interest to the physician and useful for day-to-day clinical work in terms of both prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Gentry AE, Robins J, Makowski M, Kliewer W. Differential DNA Methylation and Cardiometabolic Risk in African American Mother-Adolescent Dyads. Biol Res Nurs 2022; 24:75-84. [PMID: 34719281 PMCID: PMC9248288 DOI: 10.1177/10998004211039017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease disproportionately affects African Americans as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Among African Americans, compared to other racial groups, cardiovascular disease onset occurs at an earlier age due to a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, particularly obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that heritable epigenetic processes are related to increased cardiovascular disease risk, but this is largely unexplored in adolescents or across generations. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional descriptive pilot study in low-income African American mother-adolescent dyads, we examined associations between DNA methylation and the cardiometabolic indicators of body mass index, waist circumference, and insulin resistance. RESULTS Four adjacent cytosine and guanine nucleotides (CpG) sites were significantly differentially methylated and associated with C-reactive protein (CRP), 62 with waist circumference, and none to insulin resistance in models for both mothers and adolescents. CONCLUSION Further study of the relations among psychological and environmental stressors, indicators of cardiovascular disease, risk, and epigenetic factors will improve understanding of cardiovascular disease risk so that preventive measures can be instituted earlier and more effectively. To our knowledge this work is the first to examine DNA methylation and cardiometabolic risk outcomes in mother-adolescent dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Elswick Gentry
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia
Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA, USA,Amanda Elswick Gentry, PhD, Department of
Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia
Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Suite 100, Room 130-B, Richmond,
VA 23219, USA.
| | - Jo Robins
- School of Nursing, Virginia
Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Wendy Kliewer
- Department of Psychology, College of
Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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20
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Li Y, Liu B, Zhang L, Xiao D. Inhibition of DNA methylation in newborns reprograms ischemia-sensitive biomarkers resulting in development of a heart ischemia-sensitive phenotype late in life. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:198-210. [PMID: 34536542 PMCID: PMC8511209 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adverse environmental stress exposure at critical perinatal stages can alter cardiovascular development, which could persist into adulthood and develop a cardiovascular dysfunctional phenotype late in life. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The present study provided a direct evidence that DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism contributing to the developmental origins of adult cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that DNA hypomethylation at neonatal stage alters gene expression patterns in the heart, leading to development of a cardiac ischemia-sensitive phenotype late in life. To test this hypothesis, a DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) was administered in newborn rats from postnatal day 1-3. Cardiac function and related key genes were measured in 2-week- and 2-month-old animals, respectively. 5-Aza treatment induced an age- and sex-dependent inhibition of global and gene-specific DNA methylation levels in left ventricles, resulting in a long-lasting growth restriction but an asymmetry increase in the heart-to-body weight ratio. In addition, treatment with 5-Aza enhanced ischemia and reperfusion-induced cardiac dysfunction and injury in adults as compared with the saline controls, which was associated with up-regulations of miRNA-181a and angiotensin II receptor type 1 & 2 gene expressions, but down-regulations of PKCε, Atg5, and GSK3β gene expressions in left ventricles. In conclusion, our results provide compelling evidence that neonatal DNA methylation deficiency is a key mechanism contributing to differentially reprogram cardiac gene expression patterns, leading to development of a heart ischemia-sensitive phenotype late in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Meizi Yang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Bailin Liu
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.
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Bjørnestad EØ, Dhar I, Svingen GFT, Pedersen ER, Svenningsson MM, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Ørn S, Sulo G, Laaksonen R, Nygård O. Trimethyllysine predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling adults and patients with coronary heart disease. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2021; 1:oeab007. [PMID: 35919088 PMCID: PMC9242046 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aims Trimethyllysine (TML) is involved in carnitine synthesis, serves as a precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and is associated with cardiovascular events in patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD). We prospectively examined circulating TML as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling adults and patients with CHD. Methods and results By Cox regression modelling, risk associations were examined in 6393 subjects in the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). A replication study was conducted among 4117 patients with suspected stable angina pectoris in the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC). During a mean follow-up of 10.5 years in the HUSK-cohort, 884 (13.8%) subjects died, of whom 287 from cardiovascular causes. After multivariable adjustments for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] for all-cause mortality comparing the 4th vs. 1st TML-quartile was 1.66 (1.31–2.10, P < 0.001). Particularly strong associations were observed for cardiovascular mortality [HR (95% CI) 2.04 (1.32–3.15, P = 0.001)]. Corresponding risk-estimates in the WECAC (mean follow-up of 9.8 years) were 1.35 [1.10–1.66, P = 0.004] for all-cause and 1.45 [1.06–1.98, P = 0.02] for cardiovascular mortality. Significant correlations between plasma TML and TMAO were observed in both cohorts (rs ≥ 0.42, P < 0.001); however, additional adjustments for TMAO did not materially influence the risk associations, and no effect modification by TMAO was found. Conclusions Elevated TML-levels were associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality both in subjects with and without established CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Ø Bjørnestad
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital , Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Indu Dhar
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gard F T Svingen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva R Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804 NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mads M Svenningsson
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Årstadveien 17, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804 NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Ørn
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital , Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gerhard Sulo
- Centre for Disease Burden, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Zander Kaaesgate 7, 5015 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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22
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Rakshit S, Sunny JS, George M, Hanna LE, Sarkar K. R-loop modulated epigenetic regulation in T helper cells mechanistically associates coronary artery disease and non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101189. [PMID: 34343853 PMCID: PMC8348198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Some common epigenetic regulations exist between coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). VEGFA and AIMP1 both are up-regulated/ down-regulated in a similar pattern in both CAD and NSCLC. Several DNA damage-repair factors (e.g., BRCA1, ERCC1, XPF, RAD51 etc.) and R-loops are involved in CAD and NSCLC.
The effect of epigenetics in coronary artery disease and Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is presently developing as a significant vital participant at various levels from pathophysiology to therapeutics. We would like to find out the conjunction of some regular epigenetic regulations which decides the example of either acetylation/deacetylation or methylation/demethylation on various gene promoters associated with their pathogenesis. Expressions of some of the genes (e.g., VEGFA, AIMP1, etc.) are either up regulated or down regulated in a similar pattern where several DNA damage (e.g. H2A.X) and repair factors (e.g. BRCA1, RAD51, ERCC1, XPF), Transcription coupled DNA repair factor, Replication proteins are involved. Additionally, epigenetic changes, for example, histone methylation was found unusual in BRCA1 complex in CAD and in the NSCLC patients. Epigenetic therapies such as CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout/overexpression of specific gene (BRCA1) showed promising changes in diseased conditions, whereas it affected the R-loop formation which is vulnerable to DNA damage. Involvement of the common epigenetic mechanisms, their interactions and alterations observed in our study will contribute significantly in understanding the development of novel epigenetic therapies soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Rakshit
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Jithin S Sunny
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Melvin George
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Luke Elizabeth Hanna
- Department of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Tamil Nadu 600031, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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23
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Liu X, Khan A, Li H, Wang S, Chen X, Huang H. Ascorbic acid in epigenetic reprogramming. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:13-25. [PMID: 34264189 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210714152730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that ascorbic acid (vitamin C) enhances the reprogramming process by multiple mechanisms. This is primarily due to its cofactor role in Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including the DNA demethylases Ten Eleven Translocase (TET) and histone demethylases. Epigenetic variations have been shown to play a critical role in somatic cell reprogramming. DNA methylation and histone methylation are extensively recognized as barriers to somatic cell reprogramming. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), known as RNA methylation, is an epigenetic modification of mRNAs and has also been shown to play a role in regulating cellular reprogramming. Multiple cofactors are reported to promote the activity of demethylases, including vitamin C. This review focuses on examining the evidence and mechanism of vitamin C in DNA and histone demethylation and highlights its potential involvement in regulating m6A demethylation. It also shows the significant contribution of vitamin C in epigenetic regulation and the affiliation of demethylases with vitamin C-facilitated epigenetic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Aamir Khan
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shensen Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xuechai Chen
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hua Huang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Borges JB, Oliveira VFD, Ferreira GM, Los B, Barbosa TKAA, Marçal EDSR, Dagli-Hernandez C, de Freitas RCC, Bortolin RH, Mori AA, Hirata TDC, Nakaya HTI, Bastos GM, Thurow HS, Gonçalves RM, Araujo DBD, Zatz HP, Bertolami A, Faludi AA, Bertolami MC, Sousa AGDMR, França JÍD, Jannes CE, Pereira ADC, Nakazone MA, Souza DRS, Carmo TS, Sampaio MF, Gorjão R, Pithon-Curi TC, Moriel P, Silbiger VN, Luchessi AD, de Araújo JNG, Naslavsky MS, Wang JYT, Kronenberger T, Cerda A, Lin-Wang HT, Garofalo AR, Fajardo CM, Hirata RDC, Hirata MH. Genomics, epigenomics and pharmacogenomics of familial hypercholesterolemia (FHBGEP): A study protocol. Res Social Adm Pharm 2021; 17:1347-1355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Chronic exercise mediates epigenetic suppression of L-type Ca2+ channel and BKCa channel in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2021; 38:1763-1776. [PMID: 32384389 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular exercise is a lifestyle intervention for controlling hypertension and has an improving effect on vascular function. Voltage-gated L-type Ca (LTCC) and large-conductance Ca-activated K (BKCa) channels are two principal mediators of vascular smooth muscle cell contractility and arterial tone. The present study tested the hypothesis that DNA methylation dynamics plays a key role in exercise-induced reprogramming and downregulation of LTCC and BKCa channel in mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were subjected to exercise training or kept sedentary, and vascular molecular and functional properties were evaluated. RESULTS Exercise inhibited hypertension-induced upregulation of LTCC and BKCa channel function in mesenteric arteries by repressing LTCC α1c and BKCa β1 subunit expression. In accordance, exercise triggered hypermethylation of α1c and β1 gene in SHR, with concomitant decreasing TET1, increasing DNMT1 and DNMT3b expression in mesenteric arteries, as well as altering peripheral α-KG and S-adenosylmethionine/ S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio. Acting synergistically, these exercise-induced functional and molecular amelioration could allow for attenuating hypertension-induced elevation in arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that exercise suppresses LTCC and BKCa channel function via hypermethylation of α1c and β1 subunits, which contributes to the restoration of mesenteric arterial function and vasodilation during hypertension.
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26
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The Therapeutic Potential of Epigenome-Modifying Drugs in Cardiometabolic Disease. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-021-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Campbell KA, Colacino JA, Park SK, Bakulski KM. Cell Types in Environmental Epigenetic Studies: Biological and Epidemiological Frameworks. Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 7:185-197. [PMID: 32794033 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article introduces the roles of perinatal DNA methylation in human health and disease, highlights the challenges of tissue and cellular heterogeneity to studying DNA methylation, summarizes approaches to overcome these challenges, and offers recommendations in conducting research in environmental epigenetics. RECENT FINDINGS Epigenetic modifications are essential for human development and are labile to environmental influences, especially during gestation. Epigenetic dysregulation is also a hallmark of multiple diseases. Environmental epigenetic studies routinely measure DNA methylation in readily available tissues. However, tissues and cell types exhibit specific epigenetic patterning and heterogeneity between samples complicates epigenetic studies. Failure to account for cell-type heterogeneity limits identification of biological mechanisms and biases study results. Tissue-level epigenetic measures represent a convolution of epigenetic signals from individual cell types. Tissue-specific epigenetics is an evolving field and the use of disease-affected target, surrogate, or multiple tissues has inherent trade-offs and affects inference. Likewise, experimental and bioinformatic approaches to accommodate cell-type heterogeneity have varying assumptions and inherent trade-offs that affect inference. The relationships between exposure, disease, tissue-level DNA methylation, cell type-specific DNA methylation, and cell-type heterogeneity must be carefully considered in study design and analysis. Causal diagrams can inform study design and analytic strategies. Properly addressing cell-type heterogeneity limits sources of potential bias, avoids misinterpretation of study results, and allows investigators to distinguish shifts in cell-type proportions from direct changes to cellular epigenetic programming, both of which provide insights into environmental disease etiology and aid development of novel methods for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Khomtchouk BB, Tran DT, Vand KA, Might M, Gozani O, Assimes TL. Cardioinformatics: the nexus of bioinformatics and precision cardiology. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:2031-2051. [PMID: 31802103 PMCID: PMC7947182 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, causing over 17 million deaths per year, which outpaces global cancer mortality rates. Despite these sobering statistics, most bioinformatics and computational biology research and funding to date has been concentrated predominantly on cancer research, with a relatively modest footprint in CVD. In this paper, we review the existing literary landscape and critically assess the unmet need to further develop an emerging field at the multidisciplinary interface of bioinformatics and precision cardiovascular medicine, which we refer to as 'cardioinformatics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Diem-Trang Tran
- School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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29
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Rubattu S, Stanzione R, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Marchitti S, Forte M. Epigenetic control of natriuretic peptides: implications for health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5121-5130. [PMID: 32556416 PMCID: PMC11105024 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptides (NPs) family, including a class of hormones and their receptors, is largely known for its beneficial effects within the cardiovascular system to preserve regular functions and health. The concentration level of each component of the family is of crucial importance to guarantee a proper control of both systemic and local cardiovascular functions. A fine equilibrium between gene expression, protein secretion and clearance is needed to achieve the final optimal level of NPs. To this aim, the regulation of gene expression and translation plays a key role. In this regard, we know the existence of fine regulatory mechanisms, the so-called epigenetic mechanisms, which target many genes at either the promoter or the 3'UTR region to inhibit or activate their expression. The gene encoding ANP (NPPA) is regulated by histone modifications, DNA methylation, distinct microRNAs and a natural antisense transcript (NPPA-AS1) with consequent implications for both health and disease conditions. Notably, ANP modulates microRNAs on its own. Histone modifications of BNP gene (NPPB) are associated with several cardiomyopathies. The proBNP processing is regulated by miR30-GALNT1/2 axis. Among other components of the NPs family, CORIN, NPRA, NPRC and NEP may undergo epigenetic regulation. A better understanding of the epigenetic control of the NPs family will allow to gain more insights on the pathological basis of common cardiovascular diseases and to identify novel therapeutic targets. The present review article aims to discuss the major achievements obtained so far with studies on the epigenetic modulation of the NPs family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Zhang S, Huang J, Lu J, Liu M, Chen X, Su S, Mo F, Zheng J. Electrochemical and Optical Biosensing Strategies for DNA Methylation Analysis. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:6159-6187. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190903161750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is considered as a crucial part of epigenetic modifications and a popular
research topic in recent decades. It usually occurs with a methyl group adding to the fifth carbon
atom of cytosine while the base sequence of DNA remains unchanged. DNA methylation has significant
influences on maintaining cell functions, genetic imprinting, embryonic development and
tumorigenesis procedures and hence the analysis of DNA methylation is of great medical significance.
With the development of analytical techniques and further research on DNA methylation,
numerous DNA methylation detection strategies based on biosensing technology have been developed
to fulfill various study requirements. This article reviewed the development of electrochemistry
and optical biosensing analysis of DNA methylation in recent years; in addition, we also reviewed
some recent advances in the detection of DNA methylation using new techniques, such as
nanopore biosensors, and highlighted the key technical and biological challenges involved in these
methods. We hope this paper will provide useful information for the selection and establishment of
analysis of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jingrun Lu
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shasha Su
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
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31
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Lin X, Li F, Xu F, Cui RR, Xiong D, Zhong JY, Zhu T, Shan SK, Wu F, Xie XB, Liao XB, Yuan LQ. Aberration methylation of miR-34b was involved in regulating vascular calcification by targeting Notch1. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3182-3197. [PMID: 31129659 PMCID: PMC6555467 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is one of the most important factors for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal diseases (ESRD). The current study was aimed to investigate the function and mechanisms of miR-34b on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) both in vitro and in vivo. We found that the expression of miR-34b was significantly suppressed in VSMCs with high inorganic phosphate (Pi) treatment, as well as mouse arteries derived from 5/6 nephrectomy with a high-phosphate diet (0.9% Pi, 5/6 NTP) and human renal arteries from uraemia patients. Overexpression of miR-34b alleviated calcification of VSMCs, while VSMCs calcification was enhanced by inhibiting the expression of miR-34b. Bisulphite sequencing PCR (BSP) uncovered that CpG sites upstream of miR-34b DNA were hypermethylated in calcified VSMCs and calcified arteries due to 5/6 NTP, as well as calcified renal arterial tissues from uraemia patients. Meantime, increased DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) resulted in the hypermethylation of miR-34b in VSMCs, while 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza) reduced the methylation rate of miR-34b and restored the expression of miR-34b in VSMCs. When DNMT3a was knocked down using DNMT3a siRNA, the effect of 3.5 mM of Pi on calcification of VSMCs was abrogated. In addition, Notch1 was validated as the functional target of miR-34b and involved in the process of calcification of VSMCs. Taken together, our data showed a specific role for miR-34b in regulating calcification of VSMCs both in vitro and in vivo, which was regulated by upstream DNA methylation of miR-34b and modulated by the downstream target gene expression, Notch1. These results suggested that modulation of miR-34b may offer new insight into a novel therapeutic approach for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxingzi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Rong Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Yiyang, Yiyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Yiyang, Yiyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Biao Xie
- Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Integrated DNA methylation and gene expression analysis in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1486-1500. [PMID: 30844764 PMCID: PMC6428103 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate DNA methylation sites and gene expression associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the possible pathological mechanism involved, we performed (1) genome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiling in peripheral blood datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository of CAD samples and controls; (2) functional enrichment analysis and differential methylation gene regulatory network construction; (3) validation tests of 11 differential methylation positions of interest and the corresponding gene expression; and (4) correlation analysis for DNA methylation and mRNA expression data. A total of 669 differentially expressed mRNAs were matched to differentially methylated genes. After disease ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, gene ontology, protein-protein interaction and network construction and module analyses, 11 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) corresponding to 11 unique genes were observed: BDNF - cg26949694, BTRC - cg24381155, CDH5 - cg02223351, CXCL12 - cg11267527, EGFR - cg27637738, IL-6 - cg13104385, ITGB1 - cg20545410, PDGFRB - cg25613180, PIK3R1- cg00559992, PLCB1 - cg27178677 and PTPRC - cg09247619. After validation tests of 11 DMPs of interest and the corresponding gene expression, we found that CXCL12 was less hypomethylated in the CAD group, whereas the relative expression of ITGB1, PDGFRB and PIK3R1 was lower in CAD samples, and CXCL12 and ITGB1 methylation was negatively correlated with their expression. This study identified the correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression and highlighted the importance of CXCL12 in CAD pathogenesis.
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Zhao X, Li Y, Yan Y, Ma X, Guo C. Methylation of CpG sites in C1QTNF1 (C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 1) differs by gender in acute coronary syndrome in Han population: a case-control study. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:681-689. [PMID: 32383048 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00936-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ACS (acute coronary syndrome), a subgroup of coronary artery disease (CHD), is a leading cause of death worldwide. Reports shown the association between methylation and CHD, while the abnormal expression of C1QTNF1 (C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 1) in CHD patients, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. OBJECTIVE To analyze the methylation of CpG sites of C1QTNF1 in ACS patients. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from healthy controls and ACS patients. The methylation of total C1QTNF1, promoter sequence and CpG sites of C1QTNF1 were measured using methylation detection kits. The outcomes were compared between patients and controls based on gender, clinical classification and clinical stages. RESULTS The promoter sequences from 37 ACS patients and 20 controls indicate that the methylation rate of C1QTNF1 was significantly lower in male patients compared to healthy controls at + 63 CpG sites (p = 0.03). Whereas, the methylation rate of C1QTNF1 in female patients was significantly lower than female health controls at - 89, + 39 and + 167 CpG sites (p = 0.021, 0.042, 0.021). In addition, the methylation rate of C1QTNF1 was significantly higher in male patients than female patients at - 89, - 41 and + 39 CpG sites (p = 0.011, 0.043, 0.006). Moreover, the methylation rate significantly decreased at - 24 sites (p = 0.021), but it significantly increased at - 14 site (p = 0.048) in patients with UA, compared to patients with STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction). CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences in the methylation rate + 63 CpG sites between controls and male ACS patients. The - 14 site methylation increased in patients with UA, compared to patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizhe Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119# Nansihuanxilu, Fentai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,Department of Cardiology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Physical Examination, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelian Ma
- Department of Physical Examination, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119# Nansihuanxilu, Fentai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Carvajal CA, Tapia-Castillo A, Vecchiola A, Baudrand R, Fardella CE. Classic and Nonclassic Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5691192. [PMID: 31909799 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Arterial hypertension (AHT) is one of the most frequent pathologies in the general population. Subtypes of essential hypertension characterized by low renin levels allowed the identification of 2 different clinical entities: aldosterone-mediated mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation and cortisol-mediated MR activation. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION This review is based upon a search of Pubmed and Google Scholar databases, up to August 2019, for all publications relating to endocrine hypertension, apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) and cortisol (F) to cortisone (E) metabolism. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The spectrum of cortisol-mediated MR activation includes the classic AME syndrome to milder (nonclassic) forms of AME, the latter with a much higher prevalence (7.1%) than classic AME but different phenotype and genotype. Nonclassic AME (NC-AME) is mainly related to partial 11βHSD2 deficiency associated with genetic variations and epigenetic modifications (first hit) and potential additive actions of endogenous or exogenous inhibitors (ie, glycyrrhetinic acid-like factors [GALFS]) and other factors (ie, age, high sodium intake) (second hit). Subjects with NC-AME are characterized by a high F/E ratio, low E levels, normal to elevated blood pressure, low plasma renin and increased urinary potassium excretion. NC-AME condition should benefit from low-sodium and potassium diet recommendations and monotherapy with MR antagonists. CONCLUSION NC-AME has a higher prevalence and a milder phenotypical spectrum than AME. NC-AME etiology is associated to a first hit (gene and epigene level) and an additive second hit. NC-AME subjects are candidates to be treated with MR antagonists aimed to improve blood pressure, end-organ damage, and modulate the renin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A Carvajal
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII-ICM), Santiago, Chile
- Centro Traslacional de Endocrinología UC (CETREN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Tapia-Castillo
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII-ICM), Santiago, Chile
- Centro Traslacional de Endocrinología UC (CETREN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Vecchiola
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII-ICM), Santiago, Chile
- Centro Traslacional de Endocrinología UC (CETREN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rene Baudrand
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Traslacional de Endocrinología UC (CETREN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos E Fardella
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII-ICM), Santiago, Chile
- Centro Traslacional de Endocrinología UC (CETREN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Stanzione R, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Marchitti S, Forte M, Volpe M, Rubattu S. Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010089. [PMID: 31941075 PMCID: PMC7017187 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is the branch of molecular biology that studies modifications able to change gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modulations include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. These gene modifications are heritable and modifiable and can be triggered by lifestyle and nutritional factors. In recent years, epigenetic changes have been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases such as diabetes, obesity, renal pathology, and different types of cancer. They have also been related with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases including ischemic stroke. Importantly, since epigenetic modifications are reversible processes they could assist with the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of human diseases. In the present review article, we aim to collect the most recent evidence concerning the impact of epigenetic modifications on the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in both animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Stanzione
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-5915224
| | - Maria Cotugno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Franca Bianchi
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Simona Marchitti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Maurizio Forte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Massimo Volpe
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.C.); (F.B.); (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.V.); (S.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
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36
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Placek K, Schultze JL, Aschenbrenner AC. Epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells in injury, repair, and resolution. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2994-3005. [PMID: 31329166 DOI: 10.1172/jci124619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are pivotal in the reaction to injury, whereupon, under ideal conditions, repair and resolution phases restore homeostasis following initial acute inflammation. Immune cell activation and reprogramming require transcriptional changes that can only be initiated if epigenetic alterations occur. Recently, accelerated deciphering of epigenetic mechanisms has extended knowledge of epigenetic regulation, including long-distance chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications, and involvement of small and long noncoding RNAs. Epigenetic changes have been linked to aspects of immune cell development, activation, and differentiation. Furthermore, genome-wide epigenetic landscapes have been established for some immune cells, including tissue-resident macrophages, and blood-derived cells including T cells. The epigenetic mechanisms underlying developmental steps from hematopoietic stem cells to fully differentiated immune cells led to development of epigenetic technologies and insights into general rules of epigenetic regulation. Compared with more advanced research areas, epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells in injury remains in its infancy. While the early epigenetic mechanisms supporting activation of the immune response to injury have been studied, less is known about resolution and repair phases and cell type-specific changes. We review prominent recent findings concerning injury-mediated epigenetic reprogramming, particularly in stroke and myocardial infarction. Lastly, we illustrate how single-cell technologies will be crucial to understanding epigenetic reprogramming in the complex sequential processes following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Placek
- Immunology and Metabolism, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Cellular Effects of Butyrate on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells are Mediated through Disparate Actions on Dual Targets, Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Activity and PI3K/Akt Signaling Network. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122902. [PMID: 31197106 PMCID: PMC6628026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is a characteristic feature of cardiovascular diseases. Altered cellular processes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a crucial component in vascular remodeling. Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), butyrate, arrests VSMC proliferation and promotes cell growth. The objective of the study is to determine the mechanism of butyrate-induced VSMC growth. Using proliferating VSMCs exposed to 5 mM butyrate, immunoblotting studies are performed to determine whether PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates different cellular effects is a target of butyrate-induced VSMC growth. Butyrate inhibits phosphorylation-dependent activation of PI3K, PDK1, and Akt, eliciting differential effects on downstream targets of Akt. Along with previously reported Ser9 phosphorylation-mediated GSK3 inactivation leading to stability, increased expression and accumulation of cyclin D1, and epigenetic histone modifications, inactivation of Akt by butyrate results in: transcriptional activation of FOXO1 and FOXO3 promoting G1 arrest through p21Cip1/Waf1 and p15INK4B upregulation; inactivation of mTOR inhibiting activation of its targets p70S6K and 4E-BP1 impeding protein synthesis; inhibition of caspase 3 cleavage and downregulation of PARP preventing apoptosis. Our findings imply butyrate abrogates Akt activation, causing differential effects on Akt targets promoting convergence of cross-talk between their complimentary actions leading to VSMC growth by arresting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis through its effect on dual targets, HDAC activity and PI3K/Akt pathway network.
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Prasher D, Greenway SC, Singh RB. The impact of epigenetics on cardiovascular disease. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 98:12-22. [PMID: 31112654 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2019-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represents a huge burden to society. It is recognized that environmental factors and individual lifestyles play important roles in disease susceptibility, but the link between these external risk factors and our genetics has been unclear. However, the discovery of sequence-independent heritable DNA changes (epigenetics) have helped us to explain the link between genes and the environment. Multiple diverse epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and the expression of non-coding RNA molecules affect the expression of genes that produce important changes in cellular differentiation and function, influencing the health and adaptability of the organism. CVDs such as congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, cardiac fibrosis, hypertension, and atherosclerosis are now being viewed as much more complex and dynamic disorders. The role of epigenetics in these and other CVDs is currently under intense scrutiny, and we can expect important insights to emerge, including novel biomarkers and new approaches to enable precision medicine. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the role of epigenetics in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Prasher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Steven C Greenway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Department of Cardiac Sciences and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Raja B Singh
- Alberta Epigenetics Network, 3512-33 Street, NW, Suite 200, Calgary, AB, Canada.,University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T2L 2A6, Canada
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Mendizábal B, Urbina EM, Becker R, Daniels SR, Falkner BE, Hamdani G, Hanevold CD, Hooper SR, Ingelfinger JR, Lande M, Martin LJ, Meyers K, Mitsnefes M, Rosner B, Samuels JA, Flynn JT. SHIP-AHOY (Study of High Blood Pressure in Pediatrics: Adult Hypertension Onset in Youth). Hypertension 2019; 72:625-631. [PMID: 29987102 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although hypertension is identifiable in children and adolescents, there are many knowledge gaps on how to best define and manage high blood pressure in the young. SHIP-AHOY (Study of High Blood Pressure in Pediatrics: Adult Hypertension Onset in Youth) is being conducted to address these knowledge gaps. Five hundred adolescents will be recruited and will undergo ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiographic, vascular, and cognitive assessments, as well as epigenetic studies to identify mechanisms that underlie the development of hypertensive target organ damage. Details of the design and methods that will be utilized in SHIP-AHOY are presented here, as well as baseline characteristics of the first 264 study participants. The primary aim of the study is to develop a risk-based definition of hypertension in the young that will result in better understanding of the transition from blood pressure in youth to adult cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Becker
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (R.B.)
| | - Stephen R Daniels
- Department of Pediatrics, Denver Children's Hospital, Aurora, CO (S.R.D.)
| | - Bonita E Falkner
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (B.E.F.)
| | | | - Coral D Hanevold
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine (C.D.H., J.T.F.)
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill (S.R.H.)
| | - Julie R Ingelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Mass General Hospital for Children at Massachusetts General Hospital (J.R.I.)
| | - Marc Lande
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (M.L.)
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Human Genetics (L.J.M.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH
| | - Kevin Meyers
- Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (K.M.)
| | - Mark Mitsnefes
- From the Divisions of Preventive Cardiology (B.M., E.M.U.)
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (B.R.)
| | - Joshua A Samuels
- Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (J.A.S.)
| | - Joseph T Flynn
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine (C.D.H., J.T.F.)
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40
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Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM. Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1099-1113. [PMID: 30867575 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease of the cardiovascular system that is influenced by the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The molecular dynamics underlying EH etiopathogenesis is unknown; however, earlier studies have revealed EH-associated genetic variants. Nevertheless, this finding alone is not sufficient to explain the variability in blood pressure, suggesting that other risk factors are involved, such as epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the potential contribution of well-defined epigenetic mechanisms in EH, specifically, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize global and gene-specific DNA methylation as one of the most well-studied hallmarks among all epigenetic modifications in EH. In addition, post-translational histone modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are described as important epigenetic markers associated with EH. Finally, we discuss microRNAs that affect blood pressure by regulating master genes such as those implicated in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These epigenetic modifications, which appear to contribute to various cardiovascular diseases, including EH, may be a promising research area for the development of novel future strategies for EH prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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41
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Ferreira RG, Cardoso MV, de Souza Furtado KM, Espíndola KMM, Amorim RP, Monteiro MC. Epigenetic alterations caused by aflatoxin b1: a public health risk in the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Res 2019; 204:51-71. [PMID: 30304666 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is currently the most commonly studied mycotoxin due to its great toxicity, its distribution in a wide variety of foods such as grains and cereals and its involvement in the development of + (hepatocellular carcinoma; HCC). HCC is one of the main types of liver cancer, and has become a serious public health problem, due to its high incidence mainly in Southeast Asia and Africa. Studies show that AFB1 acts in synergy with other risk factors such as hepatitis B and C virus leading to the development of HCC through genetic and epigenetic modifications. The genetic modifications begin in the liver through the biomorphic AFB1, the AFB1-exo-8.9-Epoxy active, which interacts with DNA to form adducts of AFB1-DNA. These adducts induce mutation in codon 249, mediated by a transversion of G-T in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, causing HCC. Thus, this review provides an overview of the evidence for AFB1-induced epigenetic alterations and the potential mechanisms involved in the development of HCC, focusing on a critical analysis of the importance of severe legislation in the detection of aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane Guimarães Ferreira
- Neurosciences and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Magda Vieira Cardoso
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Neurosciences and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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42
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Aavik E, Babu M, Ylä-Herttuala S. DNA methylation processes in atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis 2019; 281:168-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Uli N, Michelen-Gomez E, Ramos EI, Druley TE. Age-specific changes in genome-wide methylation enrich for Foxa2 and estrogen receptor alpha binding sites. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203147. [PMID: 30256791 PMCID: PMC6157835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of DNA methylation patterns in complex phenotypes remains unclear. To explore this question, we adapted our methods for rare variant analysis to characterize genome-wide murine DNA hybridization array to investigate methylation at CpG islands, shores, and regulatory elements. We have applied this platform to compare age and tissue- specific methylation differences in the brain and spleen of young and aged mice. As expected from prior studies, there are clear global differences in organ-specific, but not age-specific, methylation due mostly to changes at repetitive elements. Surprisingly, out of 200,000 loci there were only 946 differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) between young and old samples (529 hypermethylated, 417 hypomethylated in aged mice) compared to thousands of tissue-specific DMCs. Hypermethylated loci were clustered around the promoter region of Sfi1, exon 2 of Slc11a2, Drg1, Esr1 and Foxa2 transcription factor binding sites. In particular, there were 75 hypermethylated Foxa2 binding sites across a 2.7 Mb region of chromosome 11. Hypomethylated loci were clustered around Mid1, Isoc2b and genome-wide loci with binding sites for Foxa2 and Esr1, which are known to play important roles in development and aging. These data suggest discreet tissue-independent methylation changes associated with aging processes such as cell division (Sfi1, Mid1), energy production (Drg1, Isoc2b) and cell death (Foxa2, Esr1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishanth Uli
- Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Michelen-Gomez
- Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Enrique I. Ramos
- Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Todd E. Druley
- Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shi Y, Xu L, Feng Q, Li A, Jia J, Xu Y, Yang D, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhao H, Wang J, He Y, Zheng H. Allele-specific methylation contributed by CpG-SNP is associated with regulation of ALOX5AP gene expression in ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:1717-1724. [PMID: 30003372 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that CpG-SNPs might have influence on gene function via allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM). However, association study between DNA methylation and the promoter CpG-SNPs in ALOX5AP gene with IS has not been reported. The present study aims to explore the relationship among CpG-SNPs, methylation levels, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of ALOX5AP gene. Firstly, we made a two-stage association study to identify a potential associated CpG-SNP (rs4073259) by SNaPshot genotyping approach (P = 0.015, OR = 0.672, 95% CI 0.487-0.927; P = 0.035, OR = 0.809, 95% CI 0.664-0.985, respectively). In addition, the methylation levels of 17 CpG sites located in the promoter of ALOX5AP were tested by MethylTarget sequencing. The methylation level of GG genotype carriers is significantly higher than those with the AG and AA genotypes (P < 0.05). And the GG genotype carriers with higher DNA methylation levels have a decreased mRNA expression levels of ALOX5AP (P < 0.05). Finally, we found that the G allele with higher methylation level has got a lower transcription activity than the A allele by luciferase assay (P = 0.000).The study provided evidence that IS-associated CpG-SNP rs4073259 may affect the expression level of ALOX5AP through allele-specific methylation and consequently the phenotype of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qingchuan Feng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Aifan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450004, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dongzhi Yang
- School of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Eugenic Genetics, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450004, China
| | - Xuran Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huiling Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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45
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Ng GYQ, Yun-An L, Sobey CG, Dheen T, Fann DYW, Arumugam TV. Epigenetic regulation of inflammation in stroke. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2018; 11:1756286418771815. [PMID: 29774056 PMCID: PMC5949939 DOI: 10.1177/1756286418771815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, treatments for clinical stroke are still limited only to the administration of tissue plasminogen activator and the recent introduction of mechanical thrombectomy, which can be used in only a limited proportion of patients due to time constraints. A plethora of inflammatory events occur during stroke, arising in part due to the body's immune response to brain injury. Neuroinflammation contributes significantly to neuronal cell death and the development of functional impairment and death in stroke patients. Therefore, elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying inflammatory damage following stroke injury will be essential for the development of useful therapies. Research findings increasingly point to the likelihood that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the pathophysiology of stroke. Epigenetics involves the differential regulation of gene expression, including those involved in brain inflammation and remodelling after stroke. Hence, it is conceivable that epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to differential interindividual vulnerability and injury responses to cerebral ischaemia. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the emerging role of epigenetics in the regulation of neuroinflammation in stroke. We also discuss potential epigenetic targets that may be assessed for the development of stroke therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong-Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lim Yun-An
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Yang-Wei Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Medical Drive, MD9, Singapore School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Gildea JJ, Xu P, Kemp BA, Carlson JM, Tran HT, Bigler Wang D, Langouët-Astrié CJ, McGrath HE, Carey RM, Jose PA, Felder RA. Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe2 gene variants increase sodium and bicarbonate transport in human renal proximal tubule cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189464. [PMID: 29642240 PMCID: PMC5895442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Salt sensitivity of blood pressure affects >30% of the hypertensive and >15% of the normotensive population. Variants of the electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe2 gene, SLC4A5, are associated with increased blood pressure in several ethnic groups. SLC4A5 variants are also highly associated with salt sensitivity, independent of hypertension. However, little is known about how NBCe2 contributes to salt sensitivity, although NBCe2 regulates renal tubular sodium bicarbonate transport. We hypothesized that SLC4A5 rs10177833 and rs7571842 increase NBCe2 expression and human renal proximal tubule cell (hRPTC) sodium transport and may be a cause of salt sensitivity of blood pressure. OBJECTIVE To characterize the hRPTC ion transport of wild-type (WT) and homozygous variants (HV) of SLC4A5. METHODS AND RESULTS The expressions of NBCe2 mRNA and protein were not different between hRPTCs carrying WT or HV SLC4A5 before or after dopaminergic or angiotensin (II and III) stimulation. However, luminal to basolateral sodium transport, NHE3 protein, and Cl-/HCO3- exchanger activity in hRPTCs were higher in HV than WT SLC4A5. Increasing intracellular sodium enhanced the apical location of NBCe2 in HV hRPTCs (4.24±0.35% to 11.06±1.72% (P<0.05, N = 3, 2-way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak test)) as determined by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (TIRFM). In hRPTCs isolated from kidney tissue, increasing intracellular sodium enhanced bicarbonate-dependent pH recovery rate and increased NBCe2 mRNA and protein expressions to a greater extent in HV than WT SLC4A5 (+38.00±6.23% vs HV normal salt (P<0.01, N = 4, 2-way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak test)). In hRPTCs isolated from freshly voided urine, bicarbonate-dependent pH recovery was also faster in those from salt-sensitive and carriers of HV SLC4A5 than from salt-resistant and carriers of WT SLC4A5. The faster NBCe2-specific bicarbonate-dependent pH recovery rate in HV SCL4A5 was normalized by SLC4A5- but not SLC4A4-shRNA. The binding of purified hepatocyte nuclear factor type 4A (HNF4A) to DNA was increased in hRPTCs carrying HV SLC4A5 rs7571842 but not rs10177833. The faster NBCe2-specific bicarbonate-dependent pH recovery rate in HV SCL4A5 was abolished by HNF4A antagonists. CONCLUSION NBCe2 activity is stimulated by an increase in intracellular sodium and is hyper-responsive in hRPTCs carrying HV SLC4A5 rs7571842 through an aberrant HNF4A-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. Gildea
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Peng Xu
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Brandon A. Kemp
- The University of Virginia Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Julia M. Carlson
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Hanh T. Tran
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Dora Bigler Wang
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | | | - Helen E. McGrath
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Carey
- The University of Virginia Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Disease and Hypertension and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Robin A. Felder
- The University of Virginia Department of Pathology, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
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Duan L, Hu J, Xiong X, Liu Y, Wang J. The role of DNA methylation in coronary artery disease. Gene 2018; 646:91-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Rask-Andersen M, Martinsson D, Ahsan M, Enroth S, Ek WE, Gyllensten U, Johansson Å. Epigenome-wide association study reveals differential DNA methylation in individuals with a history of myocardial infarction. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 25:4739-4748. [PMID: 28172975 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide and represent a substantial economic burden on public health care systems. Epigenetic markers have potential as diagnostic markers before clinical symptoms have emerged, and as prognostic markers to inform the choice of clinical intervention. In this study, we performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) for CVDs, to identify disease-specific alterations in DNA methylation. CpG methylation in blood samples from the northern Sweden population health study (NSPHS) (n = 729) was assayed on the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Individuals with a history of a CVD were identified in the cohort. It included individuals with hypertension (N = 147), myocardial infarction (MI) (N = 48), stroke (N = 27), thrombosis (N = 22) and cardiac arrhythmia (N = 5). Differential DNA methylation was observed at 211 CpG-sites in individuals with a history of MI (q <0.05). These sites represent 196 genes, of which 42 have been described in the scientific literature to be related to cardiac function, cardiovascular disease, cardiogenesis and recovery after ischemic injury. We have shown that individuals with a history of MI have a deviating pattern of DNA methylation at many genomic loci of which a large fraction has previously been linked to CVD. Our results highlight genes that might be important in the pathogenesis of MI or in recovery. In addition, the sites pointed out in this study can serve as candidates for further evaluation as potential biomarkers for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Rask-Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Martinsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Weronica E Ek
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Cullell N, Muiño E, Carrera C, Torres N, Krupinski J, Fernandez-Cadenas I. Role of TRAF3 in neurological and cardiovascular diseases: an overview of recent studies. Biomol Concepts 2018; 8:197-202. [PMID: 28753533 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is a member of the TRAF adaptor protein family, which exerts different effects on the cell depending on the receptor to which it binds and the cell type in which it is expressed. TRAF3 is a major regulator of the innate immune response. To perform its functions properly, TRAF3 is transcriptionally and epigenetically regulated. At the transcriptional level, TRAF3 expression has been associated with neurological and cardiovascular diseases including stroke, among other pathologies. Epigenetic modifications of TRAF3 have been observed at the histone and DNA levels. It has been observed that acetylation of TRAF3, as well as other NF-κβ target genes, is associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, TRAF3 methylation has been associated with vascular recurrence after ischemic stroke in patients treated with clopidogrel. In this overview, we summarise the most interesting studies related to transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of TRAF3 focusing on those studies performed in neurological and cardiovascular diseases.
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