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Marigómez I, Olivares M, Zaldibar B, Benito D, Soto M, Blanco-Rayón E, Lekube X, Izagirre U, Aguirre-Rubí J. Biomarker responsiveness in Norwegian Sea mussels, Mytilus edulis, exposed at low temperatures to aqueous fractions of crude oil alone and combined with dispersant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174186. [PMID: 38909801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Biological effects of aqueous fractions of a crude oil, alone or in combination with dispersant, were investigated in mussels, Mytilus edulis, exposed at three temperatures (5, 10 and 15 °C). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) tissue concentrations were determined, together with genotoxicity, oxidative stress and general stress biomarkers and the Integrated Biological Response (IBR) index. The bioaccumulation of individual PAHs varied depending on the exposure temperature, with relevant bioaccumulation of phenantrene and fluoranthene at 5 °C and heavier (e.g. 5-rings) PAHs at 15 °C. The values and response profiles of each particular biomarker varied with exposure time, concentration of the oil aqueous fraction and dispersant addition, as well as with exposure temperature. Indeed, PAH bioaccumulation and biomarker responsiveness exhibited specific recognizable patterns in mussels exposed at low temperatures. Thus, genotoxicity was recorded early and transient at 5 °C and delayed but unremitting at 10-15 °C. Catalase activity presented a temperature-dependent response profile similar to the genotoxicity biomarker; however, glutathione-S-transferase responsiveness was more intricate. Lysosomal membrane stability in digestive cells decreased more markedly at 5 °C than at higher temperatures and the histological appearance of the digestive gland tissue was temperature-specific, which was interpreted as the combined effects of PAH toxicity and cold stress. It can be concluded that the profile and level of the biological effects are definitely different at low temperatures naturally occurring in the Arctic/Subarctic region (e.g. 5 °C) than at higher temperatures closer to the thermal optimum of this species (10-15 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionan Marigómez
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Maitane Olivares
- IBeA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Beñat Zaldibar
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Denis Benito
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Manu Soto
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Esther Blanco-Rayón
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Xabier Lekube
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Javier Aguirre-Rubí
- BCTA Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain; BCTA Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
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Thirunavukkarasu S, Hwang JS. Genotoxic effects of marine pollutants on coastal meso-zooplankton populations - A mini-review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116548. [PMID: 38941804 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Meso-zooplankton plays a vital role in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems, and some of the taxa provide biological indications for the monitoring of environmental and climate change. Recently, several newly emerging stressors were shown to impact marine and coastal meso-zooplankton in some ways. Marine organisms' genomic core, tightly packed with high-level integrity, can be damaged by anthropogenic activities in coastal zones worldwide and impact their integrity. Genomic integrity loss leads to a cascade of effects on the destruction of the food chain sequences, from primary producers to higher invertebrates. Therefore, monitoring genomic integrity loss using ecotoxicological approaches that focus on genetic changes appears to be a suitable approach. A literature review shows that different stressors severely impact genomic integrity through DNA damage at different concentrations and exposure times. Contaminated sediments also strongly impact the genomic integrity of estuaries and adjacent coastal meso-zooplankton communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
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3
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Gao X, Liu Y, Cheng M, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Z. Investigating the addition of Fe for improving contaminant removal and regulating microbes in a simulated coastal wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42174-42184. [PMID: 38861066 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Contaminants from wastewater of aquaculture are increasing the risks of red tides in coastal areas. Such types of contaminants are difficult to remove by using conventional biological and ecological treatment methods because of the relatively low C/N ratios and the high salinity in coastal water ambience. Fe is considered a key element in natural chemical cycling and promotes the growth of animals and plants as well. The cycling of Fe ion combined with carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stimulates bacterial growth. As a result, it acts as a microbial carbon pump in coastal areas, such as natural wetlands, which have been activated and adapted to be salinity resistant and insufficient energy supply. Along these lines, in this work, constructed wetlands (CWs) with high ecological benefits and low cost of maintenance were used to treat aquaculture wastewater. The impact of Fe ion recycling on multiple contaminants was also systematically investigated. The two types of Fe dosage were pure ferrous ions and a mixture of iron powder and ferrous ions. After the application of a 3-day treatment, the dosage of iron powder/ferric ions (1:1 m/m) at a concentration of 15 mg L-1 showed a better effect, where the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand removal rates were increased by 2.95%, 2.16%, and 9.76%, respectively. From the microbial analysis, it was indicated that Fe ion affected the abundance and functions of the microbial communities in the CWs. The significant enrichment of Proteobacteria promoted the removal of multiple contaminants under saline stress and fixed carbon, and affected the whole microbe distribution and diversity in CWs. The implementation of such an environmentally friendly and economical approach arises as a promising candidate for the efficient removal of multiple contaminants from aquacultural wastewater in coastal zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Gao
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Environmental Science and Technology doctorate school, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhufang Wang
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China
- School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, England
| | - Yinjiang Zhang
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhimiao Zhao
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Conservation, Hengshui, 053000, Hebei, China.
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The influence of ocean acidification and warming on responses of Scylla serrata to oil pollution: An integrated biomarker approach. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 266:110847. [PMID: 36921914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities primarily combustion of fossil fuel is the prime cause behind the increased concentration of CO2 into the atmosphere. As a consequence, marine environments are anticipated to experience shift towards lower pH and elevated temperatures. Moreover, since the industrial revolution the growing demand for petroleum-based products has been mounting up worldwide leading to severe oil pollution. Sundarbans estuarine system (SES) is experiencing ocean warming, acidification as well as oil pollution from the last couple of decades. Scylla serrata is one of the most commercially significant species for aquaculture in coastal areas of Sundarbans. Thus, the prime objective of this study is to delineate whether exposure under ocean warming and acidification exacerbates effect of oil spill on oxidative stress of an estuarine crab S. serrata. Animals were separately exposed under current and projected climate change scenario for 30 days. After this half animals of each treatment were exposed to oil spill conditions for 24 h. Oxidative stress status superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), lipid peroxidation (LPO level) and DNA damage (Comet assay) were measured. Augmented antioxidant and detoxification enzyme activity was noted except for SOD but failed to counteract LPO and DNA damage. The present results clearly highlighted the detrimental combined effect of OWA and pollution on oxidative stress status of crabs that might potentially reduce its population and affect the coastal aquaculture in impending years.
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Baag S, Mandal S. Do global environmental drivers' ocean acidification and warming exacerbate the effects of oil pollution on the physiological energetics of Scylla serrata? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23213-23224. [PMID: 36318414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change-induced ocean warming and acidification have complex reverberations on the physiological functioning of marine ectotherms. The Sundarbans estuarine system has been under threat for the past few decades due to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. In recent years, petroleum products' transportation and their usage have increased manifold, which causes accidental oil spills. The mud crab (Scylla serrata) is one of the most commercially exploited species in the Sundarbans. The key objective of this study was to delineate whether rearing under global environmental drivers (ocean acidification and warming) exacerbates the effect of a local driver (oil pollution) on the physiological energetics of mud crab (Scylla serrata) from the Sundarbans estuarine system. Animals were reared separately for 30 days under (a) the current climatic scenario (pH 8.1, 28°C) and (b) the predicted climate change scenario (pH 7.7, 34°C). After rearing for 30 days, 50% of the animals from each treatment were exposed to 5 mg L-1 of marine diesel oil for the next 24 h. Physiological energetics (ingestion rate, absorption rate, respiration rate, excretion rate, and scope for growth), thermal performance, thermal critical maxima (CTmax), acclimation response ratio (ARR), Arrhenius activation energy (AAE), temperature coefficient (Q10), warming tolerance (WT), and thermal safety margin (TSM) were evaluated. Ingestion and absorption rates were significantly reduced, whereas respiration and ammonia excretion rates significantly increased in stressful treatments, resulting in a significantly lower scope for growth. A profound impact on thermal performance was also noticed, leading to a downward shift in CTmax value for stress-acclimated treatment. The present results clearly highlighted the detrimental combined effect of global climatic stressors and pollution on the physiological energetics of crabs that might potentially reduce their population and affect coastal aquaculture in forthcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sritama Baag
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Sumit Mandal
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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6
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Séguin JY, Mason J, Hanson ML, Hollebone BP, Orihel DM, Palace VP, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Blais JM. Bioaccumulation and toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic compounds and metals in giant floater mussels (Pyganodon grandis) exposed to a simulated diluted bitumen spill. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 252:106316. [PMID: 36206703 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills constitute a major risk to the environment and the bioaccumulation potential of the derived oil constituents will influence their impact on aquatic biota. Here we determined the bioaccumulation potential and toxicokinetic parameters of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and various selected metals in the giant floater mussels (Pyganodon grandis) following experimental oil spills in a freshwater lake. Specifically, these mussels were exposed ex situ for 25 days to water contaminated with naturally weathered diluted bitumen (dilbit), a form of oil commonly transported through pipelines. We detected greater concentrations of total PAC in mussels (∑PAC44) exposed to dilbit-contaminated water (25.92-27.79 μg g-1 lipid, n = 9, at day 25 of the uptake phase) compared to mussels from a control with no exposure to dilbit (average of 2.62 ± 1.95 μg g-1 lipid; ±SD, n = 17). This study demonstrates the importance of including alkylated PACs when assessing the impacts of an oil spill as the concentration of alkylated PACs in mussel tissue were an order of magnitude higher than their parent counterparts. However, metal accumulation in dilbit-exposed mussels did not exceed the unexposed controls, suggesting no excess metal accumulation by mussels from a 25-day dilbit exposure. From first-order one-compartment models, mean uptake rate constants (0.78-18.11 L g-1 day-1, n = 29) and bioconcentration factors (log values from 4.02 to 5.92 L kg-1, n = 87) for the 29 individual PACs that accumulated in mussels demonstrated that some alkylated PACs had greater bioaccumulation potential compared to their parent PAC counterpart but for the most part, alkylated and parent PACs had comparable BCF values. Results from this study also demonstrated that giant floater mussels could be used to biomonitor PAC contamination following oil spills as PACs accumulated in mussel tissue and some were still detectable following the 16-day depuration phase. This study provides the largest, most comprehensive set of toxicokinetic and bioaccumulation parameters for PACs and their alkylated counterparts (44 analytes) in freshwater mussels obtained to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna Mason
- School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mark L Hanson
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, Canada
| | | | - Diane M Orihel
- School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Vince P Palace
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, Canada; IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada.
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7
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Black TA, White MS, Blais JM, Hollebone B, Orihel DM, Palace VP, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Hanson ML. Surface oil is the primary driver of macroinvertebrate impacts following spills of diluted bitumen in freshwater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:117929. [PMID: 34416496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The response of freshwater invertebrates following accidental releases of oil is not well understood. This knowledge gap is more substantial for unconventional oils such as diluted bitumen (dilbit). We evaluated the effects of dilbit on insect emergence and benthic invertebrates by conducting experimental spills in limnocorrals (10-m diameter; ~100-m3) deployed in a boreal lake at the IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, Canada. The study included seven dilbit treatments (spill volumes ranged from 1.5 L [1:66,000, oil:water, v/v] to 180 L [1:590, oil:water, v/v]), two controls, and additional lake reference sites, monitored for 11 weeks. Invertebrate emergence declined at the community level following oil addition in a significantly volume-dependent manner, and by 93-100 % over the 11 weeks following the spill in the highest treatment. Dilbit altered community structure of benthic invertebrates, but not abundance. One-year post-spill and following oil removal using traditional skimming and absorption techniques, benthic richness and abundance were greater among all treatments than the previous year. These results indicate that recovery in community composition is possible following oil removal from a lake ecosystem. Research is needed concerning the mechanisms by which surface oil directly affect adult invertebrates, whether through limiting oviposition, limiting emergence, or both. The response of benthic communities to sediment tar mats is also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Black
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - M S White
- Ecometrix, 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
| | - J M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 9A7, Canada.
| | - B Hollebone
- Emergencies Science and Technology Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1V 1H2, Canada.
| | - D M Orihel
- School of Environmental Studies and Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - V P Palace
- International Institute for Sustainable Development - Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA), Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 0T4, Canada.
| | - J L Rodriguez-Gil
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 9A7, Canada; International Institute for Sustainable Development - Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA), Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 0T4, Canada.
| | - M L Hanson
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Keitel-Gröner F, Bamber S, Bechmann RK, Lyng E, Gomiero A, Tronci V, Gharbi N, Engen F, Taban IC, Baussant T. Effects of chronic exposure to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil and in situ burn residue of oil on egg-bearing Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113013. [PMID: 34839140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oil spill clean-up measures using in situ burning can potentially result in seafloor contamination affecting benthic organisms. To mimic realistic exposure and measure effects, ovigerous Northern shrimp were continuously exposed for two weeks to the water-soluble fraction of oil coated on gravel followed by two weeks in clean seawater. North Sea crude oil (NSC) and field generated in situ burn residue (ISBR) of NSC were used (Low: 3 g/kg gravel, Medium: 6 g/kg gravel and High: 12 g/kg gravel). The concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water resulting from NSC were higher compared to ISBR. No mortality was observed in any treatment and overall moderate sublethal effects were found, mostly after exposure to NSC. Feeding was temporarily reduced at higher concentrations of NSC. PAH levels in hepatopancreas tissue were significantly elevated following exposure and still significantly higher at the end of the experiment in NSCHigh and ISBRHigh compared to control. Mild inflammatory response reactions and tissue ultrastructural alterations in gill tissue were observed in both treatments. Signs of necrosis occurred in ISBRHigh. No change in shrimp locomotory activity was noted from NSC exposure. However, ISBR exposure increased activity temporarily. Larvae exposed as pleopod-attached embryos showed significant delay in development from stage I to stage II after exposure to NSCHigh. Based on this study, oil-contaminated seafloor resulting from in situ burning clean-up actions does not appear to cause serious effects on bottom-living shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaw Bamber
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway
| | - Renée K Bechmann
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway
| | - Emily Lyng
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway
| | - Alessio Gomiero
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway
| | - Valentina Tronci
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Naouel Gharbi
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Engen
- NOFO Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies, Vassbotnen 1, 4313 Sandnes, Norway
| | - Ingrid C Taban
- NOFO Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies, Vassbotnen 1, 4313 Sandnes, Norway
| | - Thierry Baussant
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway.
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9
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Keitel-Gröner F, Bechmann RK, Engen F, Lyng E, Taban IC, Baussant T. Effects of crude oil and field-generated burned oil residue on Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) larvae. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 168:105314. [PMID: 33839401 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In situ burning (ISB) is an oil spill clean-up option used by oil spill responders to mitigate impacts on the marine environment. Despite advantages such as high efficiency and potential applicability for challenging areas such as the Arctic, the actual environmental side effects are still uncertain. Acute and sublethal effects of the water accommodated fractions (WAFs from 25 g oil/L seawater) of a pre-weathered North Sea crude (Oseberg Blend 200 °C+) and field generated ISB residue were evaluated on Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) larvae. The larvae were first exposed for 96 h to a serial dilution of seven concentrations, and then maintained for two weeks in clean seawater post-exposure. No acute (mortality) or sublethal effects (feeding, development, or growth) were detected in any of the ISB residue concentrations. Significant larvae mortality was found in the three highest concentrations of crude oil (96-h LC50:469 μg/L total petroleum hydrocarbon) but no sublethal effects were found in the surviving larvae post-exposure. This study indicates that applying ISB could mitigate acute impacts of spilled oil on shrimp larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renée K Bechmann
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072, Randaberg, Norway
| | - Frode Engen
- NOFO Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies, Vassbotnen 1, 4313, Sandnes, Norway
| | - Emily Lyng
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072, Randaberg, Norway
| | - Ingrid C Taban
- NOFO Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies, Vassbotnen 1, 4313, Sandnes, Norway
| | - Thierry Baussant
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4072, Randaberg, Norway
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10
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Beyer J, Goksøyr A, Hjermann DØ, Klungsøyr J. Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105155. [PMID: 32992224 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW), a large byproduct of offshore oil and gas extraction, is reinjected to formations or discharged to the sea after treatment. The discharges contain dispersed crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), metals, and many other constituents of environmental relevance. Risk-based regulation, greener offshore chemicals and improved cleaning systems have reduced environmental risks of PW discharges, but PW is still the largest operational source of oil pollution to the sea from the offshore petroleum industry. Monitoring surveys find detectable exposures in caged mussel and fish several km downstream from PW outfalls, but biomarkers indicate only mild acute effects in these sentinels. On the other hand, increased concentrations of DNA adducts are found repeatedly in benthic fish populations, especially in haddock. It is uncertain whether increased adducts could be a long-term effect of sediment contamination due to ongoing PW discharges, or earlier discharges of oil-containing drilling waste. Another concern is uncertainty regarding the possible effect of PW discharges in the sub-Arctic Southern Barents Sea. So far, research suggests that sub-arctic species are largely comparable to temperate species in their sensitivity to PW exposure. Larval deformities and cardiac toxicity in fish early life stages are among the biomarkers and adverse outcome pathways that currently receive much attention in PW effect research. Herein, we summarize the accumulated ecotoxicological knowledge of offshore PW discharges and highlight some key remaining knowledge needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Beyer
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway; Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
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11
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Bytingsvik J, Parkerton TF, Guyomarch J, Tassara L, LeFloch S, Arnold WR, Brander SM, Volety A, Camus L. The sensitivity of the deepsea species northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and the cold-water coral (Lophelia pertusa) to oil-associated aromatic compounds, dispersant, and Alaskan North Slope crude oil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111202. [PMID: 32510422 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the sensitivity of two deepsea species using mortality of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and polyp activity of stony coral (Lophelia pertusa) to dispersant, Corexit 9500 and aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene) in 96-h tests. Resulting hydrocarbon toxicity data were fit to the Target Lipid Model to generate predictive models and determine species sensitivity. Toxicity of chemically enhanced water accommodated fractions of Alaskan North Slope crude oil (ANS-oil) was also investigated with shrimp using nominal loading, total petroleum hydrocarbons and biomimetic extraction (BE) as oil exposure metrics. Coral were more sensitive to dispersant than shrimp while similar sensitivity was observed for hydrocarbons. Study and literature findings indicate deepsea species exhibit acute sensitivities to dispersant, hydrocarbons and oil that are comparable to pelagic species. Results support use of passive sampling methods to quantify dissolved oil for interpreting oil toxicity tests and suggest models for predicting time-dependence of toxicity warrant re-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julien Guyomarch
- Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (Cedre), Brest, France
| | - Luca Tassara
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Troms, Norway
| | - Stephane LeFloch
- Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (Cedre), Brest, France
| | | | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Aswani Volety
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC, USA; Department of Biology, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Lionel Camus
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Troms, Norway
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12
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Vrinda S, Abdulaziz A, Abhilash KS, Jasmin C, Kripa V, Bright Singh IS. Neuroendocrine and immunotoxicity of polyaromatic hydrocarbon, chrysene in crustacean post larvae. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:964-972. [PMID: 31414340 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons are a group of chemical pollutants which cause a significant threat to the living organisms in estuaries and marine ecosystems. We report the effect of chrysene, a major PAH pollutant found in Cochin Estuary along the southwest coast of India, on the neuroendocrine and immune gene expression of the post larvae (PL-25) of Penaeus monodon. The PL- 25 of P. monodon were administered with feed coated with increasing concentrations of chrysene (1, 2 and 3 µg/g) for 10 days and the gene expression was studied on 7th, 11th and 15th day. The PL exposed to chrysene showed moulting stress and changes in the levels of moult-inhibiting hormone I (MIH I) indicated by irregular moulting in the experimental tanks. At the molecular level, the higher concentration of chrysene induced two-fold upregulation of neuroendocrine (MIH I) and downregulation of immune (ProPO and crustin) gene on the 7th day of exposure. The expression of MIH I gene reduced on withdrawing the experimental feed (on 11th day), while continued downregulation of ProPO and crustin were observed on the 11th day. The results of the present study indicate that the microgram levels of PAH can impinge the neuroendocrine and immune system of the P. monodon, which may induce morbidity and mortality to the larvae in polluted coastal ecosystems. Therefore, more attention may be given to avoid PAH pollution in the estuaries to maintain a healthy ecosystem and to protect the animals from extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vrinda
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre Cochin, Cochin, 682018, India
| | - Anas Abdulaziz
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre Cochin, Cochin, 682018, India.
| | - K S Abhilash
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Cochin, 682018, India
| | - C Jasmin
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre Cochin, Cochin, 682018, India
| | - Vasant Kripa
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Cochin, 682018, India
| | - I S Bright Singh
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682012, India
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Arnberg M, Keitel-Gröner F, Westerlund S, Ramanand S, Bechmann RK, Baussant T. Exposure to chemically-dispersed oil is more harmful to early developmental stages of the Northern shrimp Pandalus borealis than mechanically-dispersed oil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:409-417. [PMID: 31590804 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of key species sensitivity for oil spill response (OSR) options is needed to support decision-making and mitigate impact on sensitive life stages of keystone species. Here, Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) larvae were exposed for 24 h to a gradient (H-High, M-Medium: 10 times dilution and L-Low: 100 times dilution) of mechanically- (MDO) (H < 6 mg/L total hydrocarbon content) and chemically- (CDO) dispersed oil (Slickgone NS, H < 20 mg/L total hydrocarbon content), followed by a recovery period. Larval mortality, feeding rate and development were evaluated. Overall, the results show that 24 h exposure to field-realistic concentrations of CDO lead to lower survival, reduced feeding rate and slower larval development in P. borealis larvae compared to MDO. These effects persisted during recovery, indicating a higher vulnerability with dispersant use and the need for longer observation periods post-exposure to fully evaluate the consequences for sensitive life-stages from OSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj Arnberg
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
| | | | - Stig Westerlund
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
| | - Sreerekha Ramanand
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
| | - Renée K Bechmann
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
| | - Thierry Baussant
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
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14
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Øverjordet IB, Nepstad R, Hansen BH, Jager T, Farkas J, Altin D, Brönner U, Nordtug T. Toxicokinetics of Crude Oil Components in Arctic Copepods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:9899-9907. [PMID: 29897747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk of accidental oil spills in the Arctic is on the rise due to increased shipping and oil exploration activities, making it essential to calibrate parameters for risk assessment of oil spills to Arctic conditions. The toxicokinetics of crude oil components were assessed by exposing one lipid-poor (CIII) and one lipid-rich (CV) stage of the Arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus to crude oil WSF (water-soluble fraction). Water concentrations and total body residues (BR), as well as lipid volume fractions, were measured at regular intervals during exposure and recovery. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and elimination rates ( ke) for 26 petrogenic oil components were estimated from one-compartment models fitted to the BR data. Our parameters were compared to estimations made by the OMEGA bioaccumulation model, which uses the octanol-water partitioning coefficient ( KOW) in QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) predictions. Our parameters for the lipid-poor CIIIs generally agreed with the OMEGA predictions, while neither the BCFs nor the kes for the lipid-rich CVs fitted within the realistic range of the OMEGA parameters. Both the uptake and elimination rates for the CVs were in general half an order of magnitude lower than the OMEGA predictions, showing an overestimation of these parameters by the OMEGA model.
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15
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Skogland Enerstvedt K, Sydnes MO, Pampanin DM. Study of the plasma proteome of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): Effect of exposure to two PAHs and their corresponding diols. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 183:294-304. [PMID: 28551206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in the marine environment represents a risk to marine life and humans. In this study, plasma samples from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were analysed by shotgun mass spectrometry to investigate the plasma proteome in response to exposure to single PAHs (naphthalene or chrysene) and their corresponding metabolites (dihydrodiols). In total, 369 proteins were identified and ranked according to their relative abundance. The levels of 12 proteins were found significantly altered in PAH exposed fish and are proposed as new biomarker candidates. Eleven proteins were upregulated, primarily immunoglobulin components, and one protein was downregulated (antifreeze protein type IV.) The uniformity of the upregulated proteins suggests a triggered immune response in the exposed fish. Overall, the results provide valuable knowledge for future studies of the Atlantic cod plasma proteome and generate grounds for establishing new plasma protein biomarkers for environmental monitoring of PAH related exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karianne Skogland Enerstvedt
- International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) - Environmental Department, Mekjarvik 12, NO-4070 Randaberg, Norway; Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Magne O Sydnes
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) - Environmental Department, Mekjarvik 12, NO-4070 Randaberg, Norway; Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
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16
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Arnberg M, Moodley L, Dunaevskaya E, Ramanand S, Ingvarsdóttir A, Nilsen M, Ravagnan E, Westerlund S, Sanni S, Tarling GA, Bechmann RK. Effects of chronic crude oil exposure on early developmental stages of the Northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:916-931. [PMID: 28849995 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1352204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rising oil and gas activities in northern high latitudes have led to an increased risk of petroleum pollution in these ecosystems. Further, seasonal high UV radiation at high latitudes may elevate photo-enhanced toxicity of petroleum pollution to marine organisms. Zooplanktons are a key ecological component of northern ecosystems; therefore, it is important to assess their sensitivity to potential pollutants of oil and gas activity. As ontogenetic development may be particularly sensitive, the aim of this study was to examine the impact of chronic exposure to oil water dispersion (OWD) on development and feeding of early life stages of the Northern krill, Meganyctiphanes norvegica. In a range of experiments, embryonic, nonfeeding, and feeding larval stages were exposed to concentrations of between 0.01 and 0.1 mg/L of oil or photo-modified oil for 19 and 21 d. No significant effects on egg respiration, hatching success, development, length and larval survival were observed from these treatments. Similarly, evolution of fatty acid composition patterns during ontogenetic development was unaffected. The results indicates a high degree of resilience of these early developmental stages to such types and concentrations of pollutants. However, feeding and motility in later calyptopis-stage larvae were significantly impaired at exposure of 0.1 mg/L oil. Data indicate that feeding larval stage of krill was more sensitive to OWD than early nonfeeding life stages. This might be attributed to the narcotic effects of oil pollutants, their direct ingestion, or accumulated adverse effects over early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj Arnberg
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Leon Moodley
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | | | - Sreerekha Ramanand
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Anna Ingvarsdóttir
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Marianne Nilsen
- b Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (HVL) , Sogndal , Norway
| | - Elisa Ravagnan
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Stig Westerlund
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Steinar Sanni
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
- c University of Stavanger , Faculty of Science and Technology , Stavanger , Norway
| | - Geraint A Tarling
- d British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council , Cambridge , UK
| | - Renée K Bechmann
- a IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger , Randaberg , Norway
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17
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Sanni S, Lyng E, Pampanin DM, Smit MGD. II. Species sensitivity distributions based on biomarkers and whole organism responses for integrated impact and risk assessment criteria. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 127:11-23. [PMID: 28041674 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to bridge gaps between biomarker and whole organism responses related to oil based offshore discharges. These biomarker bridges will facilitate acceptance criteria for biomarker data linked to environmental risk assessment and translate biomarker results to higher order effects. Biomarker based species sensitivity distributions (SSDbiomarkers) have been constructed for relevant groups of biomarkers based on laboratory data from oil exposures. SSD curves express the fraction of species responding to different types of biomarkers. They have been connected to SSDs for whole organism responses (WORs) constructed in order to relate the SSDbiomarkers to animal fitness parameters that are commonly used in environmental risk assessment. The resulting SSD curves show that biomarkers and WORs can be linked through their potentially affected fraction of species (PAF) distributions, enhancing the capability to monitor field parameters with better correlation to impact and risk assessment criteria and providing improved chemical/biological integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steinar Sanni
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway; University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Emily Lyng
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway; University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mathijs G D Smit
- Shell Global Solutions International BV, PO Box 60, 2280 AB, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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Shirmohammadi M, Salamat N, Ronagh MT, Movahedinia A, Hamidian G. Assessment of immune status of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) during short term exposure to phenanthrene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 195:78-90. [PMID: 28257924 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to assess the immune status in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) exposed to different concentrations of phenanthrene (Phe) for 14days. In addition, the Phe accumulation in the fish muscle was measured during the experiment. Fish were injected with different concentrations (0, 2, 20 and 40mg/kg) of Phe and samples were taken from tissue and blood of fish 1, 4, 7 and 14days after injection. Exposure of fish to Phe caused a significant decrease in white blood cells, C3 and C4 levels, lysosomal membrane stability, lysozyme activity after 4days and antibacterial activity after 7days of the experiment. In contrast, cortisol level significantly increased after 4days. The concentration of Phe in fish muscle increased rapidly after 4days. The main tissue changes observed in the head kidney including increase in melanomacrophage centers (MMCs), empty spaces between cells and hemorrhage. The degree of tissue changes ranged from normal to moderate in Phe-treated fish. The size and number of MMCs in treated fish were significantly higher than control. In conclusion, Phe toxicity in yellowfin seabream can induce increased cortisol level, tissue changes and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Shirmohammadi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
| | - Negin Salamat
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Ronagh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Huang D, Hu C, Zeng G, Cheng M, Xu P, Gong X, Wang R, Xue W. Combination of Fenton processes and biotreatment for wastewater treatment and soil remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 574:1599-1610. [PMID: 27608610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a continuously increasing worldwide concern for the development of wastewater and contaminated soil treatment technologies. Fenton processes and biological treatments have long been used as common technologies for treating wastewater and polluted soil but they still need to be modified because of some defects (high costs of Fenton process and long remediation time of biotreatments). This work first briefly introduced the Fenton technology and biotreatment, and then discussed the main considerations in the construction of a combined system. This review shows a critical overview of recent researches combining Fenton processes (as pre-treatment or post-treatment) with bioremediation for treatment of wastewater or polluted soil. We concluded that the combined treatment can be regarded as a novel and competitive technology. Furthermore, the outlook for potential applications of this combination in different polluted soil and wastewater, as well as the mechanism of combination was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chanjuan Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongzhong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
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Larsen LH, Sagerup K, Ramsvatn S. The mussel path – Using the contaminant tracer, Ecotracer, in Ecopath to model the spread of pollutants in an Arctic marine food web. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Effects of Exposure of Pink Shrimp, Farfantepenaeus duorarum, Larvae to Macondo Canyon 252 Crude Oil and the Corexit Dispersant. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse4010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Taheri R, Salamat N, Movahedinia A. Using immune responses in Euryglossa orientalis and Acanthopagrus latus from Persian Gulf as indicators of environmental health. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 98:47-57. [PMID: 26169227 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and twenty sole (Euryglossa orientalis) and yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) fishes were captured from five stations at the Musa Creek (northwest of the Persian Gulf): petrochemical, Gaffari, Majidieh, Ghazaleh, and Zangi stations. Blood was collected from the caudal vein as samples. Tissue samples were also taken from the spleen and head kidney, and tissue sections were prepared according to routine histological methods. The concentrations of Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd in the water and sediment samples were measured. The most tissue changes, the maximum concentration of C3 and C4, and the minimum amount of serum antibacterial activity and lysosomal membrane stability in fish collected near a petrochemical station were determined. This station is adjacent to the Imam Khomeini Petrochemical Complex, and it receives highly contaminated effluents from this complex. The fish collected from the Zangi station exhibited the highest lysosomal membrane stability and antibacterial activity and the lowest amounts of C3 and C4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezven Taheri
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, P.O. Box 64199-669, Iran
| | - Negin Salamat
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, P.O. Box 64199-669, Iran.
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, P.O. Box 64199-669, Iran
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23
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Camus L, Brooks S, Geraudie P, Hjorth M, Nahrgang J, Olsen GH, Smit MGD. Comparison of produced water toxicity to Arctic and temperate species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 113:248-258. [PMID: 25521339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Produced water is the main discharge stream from oil and gas production. For offshore activities this water is usually discharged to the marine environment. Produced water contains traces of hydrocarbons such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as well as alkylphenols, which are relatively resistant to biodegradation and have been reported to cause adverse effects to marine organisms in laboratory studies. For management of produced water, risk-based tools have been developed using toxicity data for mainly non-Arctic species. Reliable risk assessment approaches for Arctic environments are requested to manage potential impacts of produced water associated with increased oil and gas activities in Arctic regions. In order to assess the applicability of existing risk tools for Arctic areas, basic knowledge on the sensitivity of Arctic species has to be developed. In the present study, acute and chronic toxicity of artificial produced water for 6 Arctic and 6 temperate species was experimentally tested and evaluated. The hazardous concentrations affecting 5% and 50% of the species were calculated from species sensitivity distribution curves. Hazardous concentrations were compared to elucidate whether temperate toxicity data used in risk assessment are sufficiently representative for Arctic species. From the study it can be concluded that hazardous concentration derived from individual species' toxicity data of temperate and Arctic species are comparable. However, the manner in which Arctic and non-Arctic populations and communities respond to exposure levels above established thresholds remains to be investigated. Hence, responses at higher levels of biological organization should be studied to reveal potential differences in sensitivities to produced water between Arctic and non-Arctic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Camus
- Akvaplan-niva, High North Research Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway; UiT- the Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering and Safety, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - S Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - P Geraudie
- Akvaplan-niva, High North Research Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - M Hjorth
- COWI, Parallelvej 2, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J Nahrgang
- Akvaplan-niva, High North Research Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway; UiT-the Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biosciences, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - G H Olsen
- Akvaplan-niva, High North Research Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - M G D Smit
- Statoil ASA, Rotvoll, 7005 Trondheim, Norway
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Sarkar A, Bhagat J, Ingole BS, Rao DP, Markad VL. Genotoxicity of cadmium chloride in the marine gastropod Nerita chamaeleon using comet assay and alkaline unwinding assay. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:177-187. [PMID: 23804459 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation of the genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) on marine gastropod, Nerita chamaeleon following the technique of comet assay and the DNA alkaline unwinding assay (DAUA). In this study, the extent of DNA damage in gill cells of N. chamaeleon was measured after in vivo exposure to four different concentrations (10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/L) of CdCl2 . In vitro exposure of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ; 1, 10, 25, and 50 µM) of the gill cells showed a significant increase in the percentage tail DNA, Olive tail moment, and tail length (TL). Significant changes in percentage tail DNA by CdCl2 exposure were observed in all exposed groups of snails with respect to those in control. Exposure to 75 µg/L of CdCl2 produced significant decrease in DNA integrity as measured by DAUA at all duration with respect to control. In vivo exposure to different concentrations of CdCl2 (10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/L) to N. chamaeleon showed considerable increase in DNA damage as observed by both alkaline comet assay and the DAUA. The extent of DNA damage in marine gastropods determined by the application of alkaline comet assay and DAUA clearly indicated the genotoxic responses of marine gastropod, N. chamaeleon to a wide range of cadmium concentration in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sarkar
- Chemical Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
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25
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Viaene KPJ, Janssen CR, de Hoop L, Hendriks AJ, De Laender F. Evaluating the contribution of ingested oil droplets to the bioaccumulation of oil components--a modeling approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 499:99-106. [PMID: 25173866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The dietary uptake of oil droplets by aquatic organisms has been suggested as a possible exposure pathway for oil-related chemicals. We confronted two bioaccumulation models, one including and one neglecting oil droplet uptake, with measured polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) body burdens of five marine species. The model without oil droplet uptake was able to predict 75% of the observations within one order of magnitude. Total PAH body burdens were predicted within a factor of five. For most species, inclusion of oil droplet uptake did not improve model accuracy, suggesting a negligible contribution of oil droplet uptake to PAH bioaccumulation. Only for Mytilus edulis, model accuracy improved (up to five times) after the inclusion of oil droplet uptake. Our findings suggest filter feeding as a determinant for the PAH uptake via oil droplets, but more research is needed to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel P J Viaene
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisette de Hoop
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik De Laender
- Namur University, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Ecology, Belgium
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26
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Lemos RTDO, de Carvalho PSM, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Petroleum hydrocarbons in water from a Brazilian tropical estuary facing industrial and port development. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 82:183-188. [PMID: 24680717 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A fast paced industrial and port development has occurred at Suape Estuary, Northeast Brazil, but no information about hydrocarbon concentrations in water is available to this area. Considering that, the contamination level of Suape was determined by UV-Fluorescence in terms of dissolved and/or dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons (DDPHs), during wet and dry seasons. DDPHs ranged between 0.05 and 4.59 μg L(-1) Carmópolis oil equivalents and 0.01-1.39 μg L(-1) chrysene equivalents, indicating DDPHs close to a baseline contamination level. Some relatively high concentrations (>1 μg L(-1)) were probably associated with shipyard operations (hull paintings and ship docking), pollutants remobilization by dredging operations, occasional industrial discharges and oil derivatives released by vessels. DDPHs concentrations were lower in the wet season suggesting that the increased dilution rates caused by rainfall dominated upon the wet deposition of atmospheric combustion-derived PAHs process. Results in this study may be used as baseline to further studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Thompson de Oliveira Lemos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio Martins de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática (LabEcotox), Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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De Hoop L, Huijbregts MAJ, Schipper AM, Veltman K, De Laender F, Viaene KPJ, Klok C, Hendriks AJ. Modelling bioaccumulation of oil constituents in aquatic species. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 76:178-186. [PMID: 24064372 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Crude oil poses a risk to marine ecosystems due to its toxicity and tendency to accumulate in biota. The present study evaluated the applicability of the OMEGA model for estimating oil accumulation in aquatic species by comparing model predictions of kinetic rates (absorption and elimination) and bioconcentration factors (BCF) with measured values. The model was a better predictor than the means of the measurements for absorption and elimination rate constants, but did not outperform the mean measured BCF. Model estimates and measurements differed less than one order of magnitude for 91%, 80% and 61% of the absorption and elimination rates and BCFs of all oil constituents, respectively. Of the "potentially modifying" factors: exposure duration, biotransformation, molecular mass, and water temperature, the last two tended to influence the performance of the model. Inclusion of more explanatory variables in the bioaccumulation model, like the molecular mass, is expected to improve model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette De Hoop
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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28
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Hansen BH, Altin D, Olsen AJ, Nordtug T. Acute toxicity of naturally and chemically dispersed oil on the filter-feeding copepod Calanus finmarchicus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 86:38-46. [PMID: 23063079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Following oil spills in the marine environment, natural dispersion (by breaking waves) will form micron-sized oil droplets that disperse into the pelagic environment. Enhancing the dispersion process chemically will increase the oil concentration temporarily and result in higher bioavailability for pelagic organisms exposed to oil-dispersant plume. The toxicity of dispersed oil to pelagic organisms is a critical component in evaluating the net environmental consequences of dispersant use or non-use in open waters. To assess the potential for environmental effects, numerical models are being used, and for these to reliably predict the toxicity of chemically dispersed oil, it is essential to know if the dispersant affects the specific toxicity of the oil itself. In order to test the potential changes in specific toxicity of the oil due to the presence of chemical dispersant, copepods (Calanus finmarchicus) were subjected to a continuous exposure of chemically (4 percent Dasic w/w dispersant) and naturally dispersed oil (same droplet size range and composition) for four days. On average the addition of dispersant decreased 96h LC(50)-values by a factor of 1.6, while for LC(10) and LC(90) these factors were 2.9 and 0.9, respectively. This indicates that after 96h of exposure the dispersant slightly increased the specific toxicity of the oil at median and low effect levels, but reduced the toxicity at high effect levels. Decreased filtrations for the exposed groups were confirmed using particle counting and fluorescence microscopy. However, no differences in these endpoints were found between chemically and naturally dispersed oil. The ultimate goal was to evaluate if models used for risk and damage assessment can use similar specific toxicity for both chemically and naturally dispersed oil. The slight differences in toxicity between chemically and naturally dispersed oil suggest that risk assessment should be based on the whole concentration response curve to ensure survival of C. finmarchicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Henrik Hansen
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Marine Environmental Technology, 7465 Trondheim, Norway.
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29
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Danion M, Le Floch S, Kanan R, Lamour F, Quentel C. Effects of in vivo chronic hydrocarbons pollution on sanitary status and immune system in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 105:300-311. [PMID: 21781655 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Following the development of an experimental system to expose adult fish to low and stable concentration of pollutant over a prolonged period, the in vivo effects of hydrocarbons on sanitary status, i.e. the health status of fish with regard to chemical pollution, and immune system in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax were assessed. A total of 90 fish were acclimated for 15 days, then 45 fish were exposed to the water soluble fraction (WSF) of Arabian crude oil, similar to a complex pollution by hydrocarbons chronically observed in situ in estuaries, while the 45 other control fish sustained the same experimental conditions in clean seawater. After 21 days of exposure, 30 contaminated and control fish were sampled, then 30 other fish were collected after a 15 day recovery period in clean sea water. PAH concentrations in crude oil, WSF, muscles and bile were measured by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. White blood cell counts and differential leucocyte counts were determined by classical haematology methods. Cell mortality and phagocytosis activity of leucocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Haemolytic alternative complement activity and stress parameters were analyzed in blood plasma by spectrophotometry. After a 21 day exposure period to a mixture of 41 parent/alkylated-PAHs (835 ± 52/85 ± 1 5 ng L(-1)). Fish flesh was contaminated by a bioconcentration of naphthalene very closed to the Reference Dose for Oral Exposure estimated by US-EPA's Integrated Risk Information System, causing a potential risk for human consumers. A leucopenia due to a lymphopenia, a rise in leucocyte mortality and a decrease in phagocytosis activity were noted in contaminated fish compared to controls. All these results may be explained by the damage to membrane cells integrity by uptake of PAHs and suggested an impairment of specific and nonspecific immune systems. After a 15 day recovery period, effects were reversible for sanitary status and an offset in immunity was noted by a significant increase in leucocytes in contaminated fish compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Danion
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
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Baussant T, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cajaraville MP, Bechmann RK, Taban IC, Sanni S. Effects of chronic exposure to dispersed oil on selected reproductive processes in adult blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and the consequences for the early life stages of their larvae. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:1437-1445. [PMID: 21570098 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mussels (Mytilus edulis) were continuously exposed to dispersed crude oil (0.015-0.25mg/l) for 7 months covering the whole gamete development cycle. After 1 month exposure to 0.25 mg oil/l, the level of alkali-labile phosphates (ALP) and the volume density of atretic oocytes in female gonads were higher than those in the gonads of control females, indicating that oil affected the level of vitellogenin-like proteins and gamete development. Spawning of mussels was induced after 7 months oil exposure. Parental oil exposure did not affect subsequent fertilization success in clean seawater but this was reduced in 0.25 mg oil/l. Parental exposure to 0.25 mg oil/l caused both slow development and a higher percentage of abnormalities in D-shell larvae 2 days post-fertilization; reduced growth 7 days post-fertilization. These effects were greatly enhanced when larval stages were maintained at 0.25 mg oil/l. Similar studies are warranted for risk assessment prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Baussant
- International Research Institute of Stavanger/IRIS, Mekjarvik 12, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
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