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Käyhkö J, Malmström Nee Jurgilevich A, Räsänen A, Pörsti S, Juhola S. Policy impact pathways of climate-related urban health vulnerability - A retrospective analysis. Health Place 2024; 88:103266. [PMID: 38761638 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Climate change-related health risks are likely to become more prevalent in cities. Cities are also key actors in adaptation to these risks. Adaptation can take place through intentional measures to reduce vulnerability or exposure and unintentionally through other urban policy processes and outcomes. However, complex and dynamic relations between urban policy impacts and vulnerability development are an understudied phenomena. This limits the understanding of how urban climate-related health risks emerge and evolve. We examine urban policy pathways that influence vulnerability to climate-related health impacts with a most similar - most different case study. With a qualitative retrospective analysis of four urban areas in Finland we unveil the mechanism of how urban policy affects urban environment over time and how these impacts and changes shape vulnerability. Contrasting the most different cases, we show that urban policy impacts set differing preconditions to adaptation between local districts. We conclude by suggesting that to adapt to future challenges in cities with respect to social and ecological justice, it is necessary to mainstream adaptation into urban policies with continuous cross-sector and multi-level dialogue about the development of vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Käyhkö
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, 00014, Finland.
| | - Alexandra Malmström Nee Jurgilevich
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, 00014, Finland.
| | - Aleksi Räsänen
- Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Paavo Havaksen tie 3, 90570, Oulu, Finland; Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - Saara Pörsti
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, 00014, Finland.
| | - Sirkku Juhola
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, 00014, Finland.
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2
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Cordiner R, Wan K, Hajat S, Macintyre HL. Accounting for adaptation when projecting climate change impacts on health: A review of temperature-related health impacts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108761. [PMID: 38788417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to high and low ambient temperatures can cause harm to human health. Due to global warming, heat-related health effects are likely to increase substantially in future unless populations adapt to living in a warmer world. Adaptation to temperature may occur through physiological acclimatisation, behavioural mechanisms, and planned adaptation. A fundamental step in informing responses to climate change is understanding how adaptation can be appropriately accounted for when estimating future health burdens. Previous studies modelling adaptation have used a variety of methods, and it is often unclear how underlying assumptions of adaptation are made and if they are based on evidence. Consequently, the most appropriate way to quantitatively model adaptation in projections of health impacts is currently unknown. With increasing interest from decisionmakers around implementation of adaptation strategies, it is important to consider the role of adaptation in anticipating future health burdens of climate change. To address this, a literature review using systematic scoping methods was conducted to document the quantitative methods employed by studies projecting future temperature-related health impacts under climate change that also consider adaptation. Approaches employed in studies were coded into methodological categories. Categories were discussed and refined between reviewers during synthesis. Fifty-nine studies were included and grouped into eight methodological categories. Methods of including adaptation in projections have changed over time with more recent studies using a combination of approaches or modelling adaptation based on specific adaptation strategies or socioeconomic conditions. The most common approaches to model adaptation are heat threshold shifts and reductions in the exposure-response slope. Just under 20% of studies were identified as using an intervention-based empirical basis for statistical assumptions. Including adaptation in projections considerably reduced the projected temperature-mortality burden in the future. Researchers should ensure that all future impact assessments include adaptation uncertainty in projections and assumptions are based on empirical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Cordiner
- Centre for Climate and Health Security, UK Health Security Agency, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London E14 4PU, England.
| | - Kai Wan
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, England.
| | - Shakoor Hajat
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, England.
| | - Helen L Macintyre
- Centre for Climate and Health Security, UK Health Security Agency, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London E14 4PU, England; School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, England.
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3
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Zhou E, Zhang L, He L, Xiao Y, Zhang K, Luo B. Cold exposure, gut microbiota and health implications: A narrative review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170060. [PMID: 38242473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Temperature has been recognized as an important environmental factor affecting the composition and function of gut microbiota (GM). Although research on high-temperature impacts has been well studied, knowledge about the effect of cold exposure on GM remains limited. This narrative review aims to synthesize the latest scientific findings on the impact of cold exposure on mammalian GM, and its potential health implications. Chronic cold exposure could disrupt the α-diversity and the composition of GM in both experimental animals and wild-living hosts. Meanwhile, cold exposure could impact gut microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. We also discussed plausible biological pathways and mechanisms by which cold-induced changes may impact host health, including metabolic homeostasis, fitness and thermogenesis, through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Intriguingly, alterations in GM may provide a tool for favorably modulating the host response to the cold temperature. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed, emphasizing the need for translational research in humans. GM could be manipulated by utilizing nutritional strategies, such as probiotics and prebiotics, to deal with cold-related health issues and enhance well-being in populations living or working in cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkai Zhou
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Li He
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ya Xiao
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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4
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Zhang S, Zhang C, Cai W, Bai Y, Callaghan M, Chang N, Chen B, Chen H, Cheng L, Dai H, Dai X, Fan W, Fang X, Gao T, Geng Y, Guan D, Hu Y, Hua J, Huang C, Huang H, Huang J, Huang X, Ji JS, Jiang Q, Jiang X, Kiesewetter G, Li T, Liang L, Lin B, Lin H, Liu H, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Z, Liu Z, Liu Y, Lu B, Lu C, Luo Z, Ma W, Mi Z, Ren C, Romanello M, Shen J, Su J, Sun Y, Sun X, Tang X, Walawender M, Wang C, Wang Q, Wang R, Warnecke L, Wei W, Wen S, Xie Y, Xiong H, Xu B, Yan Y, Yang X, Yao F, Yu L, Yuan J, Zeng Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang R, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhao M, Zheng D, Zhou H, Zhou J, Zhou Z, Luo Y, Gong P. The 2023 China report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: taking stock for a thriving future. Lancet Public Health 2023; 8:e978-e995. [PMID: 37989307 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Zhang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Cai
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Bai
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Max Callaghan
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany; Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nan Chang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqi Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Cheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hancheng Dai
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Dai
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weicheng Fan
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Meteorological Impact and Risk Research Center, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Gao
- School of Management, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, China
| | - Yang Geng
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dabo Guan
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junyi Hua
- School of International Affairs and Public Administration, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Huang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaolei Jiang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Jiang
- Office of the WHO Representative, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Kiesewetter
- Pollution Management Research Group, Energy, Climate, and Environment Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Tiantian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liang
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Borong Lin
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- School of Airport Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Economics and Management, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufu Liu
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Lu
- National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Climate Change and Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhifu Mi
- Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chao Ren
- Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Marina Romanello
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jianxiang Shen
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Humanities, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuze Sun
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlu Sun
- Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London, UK
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Centre of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maria Walawender
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Laura Warnecke
- Pollution Management Research Group, Energy, Climate, and Environment Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Wangyu Wei
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sanmei Wen
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xie
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Artificial Intelligence Thrust Area and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanghong Yao
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiacan Yuan
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Centre of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Zeng
- Schwarzman Scholars, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangchen Zhang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohui Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, China; Pollution Management Research Group, Energy, Climate, and Environment Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Mengzhen Zhao
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dashan Zheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Institute for Urban Governance and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Zhou
- Business Intelligence Lab, Baidu Research, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqiao Zhou
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gong
- Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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5
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Lin Z, Chin DCW, Fung HH, Lay JC, Tse DCK. Hot Instantaneous Temperature and Affect: Meaningful Activities as a Buffer for Older Adults With Low Socioeconomic Status. Innov Aging 2023; 7:igad057. [PMID: 37497341 PMCID: PMC10368314 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Extremely hot temperature affects psychological well-being negatively, especially for older adults with lower socioeconomic status (SES). The objectives of this study are to examine: (a) the impact of hot instantaneous temperature on older adults' emotional well-being and (b) whether meaningful engagement could reduce the above impact, particularly for those of lower SES. Research Design and Methods We conducted a quantitative time-sampling study during hot-weather months (May-September) in 2021 and 2022. The sample comprises 344 participants aged 60 years or older (Mage = 67.15, SDage = 5.26) living in urban areas of Hong Kong, where hot days (daily maximum temperature ≥33°C) accounted for 23% of the study days. Participants reported positive and negative affect, and engagement in meaningful activities, three times a day over a 10-day period, and wore sensors that tracked the instantaneous temperature of their immediate environment. Multilevel modeling was employed to examine the impacts on affect from temperature, SES, and meaningful activity engagement. Results Hotter instantaneous temperature predicted greater momentary negative affect and less positive affect immediately afterwards. Meaningful engagement significantly buffered against the affective impacts of hotter temperature, and this buffering effect was more salient among older adults of lower SES. Discussion and implications This study highlights the role of meaningful engagement in reducing the impact of hotter instantaneous temperature on older adults' emotional well-being, particularly for those of lower SES. Meaningful activity engagement may be capitalized on, as a strategy, to reduce climate-related social inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Lin
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David C W Chin
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Helene H Fung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jennifer C Lay
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Dwight C K Tse
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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6
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Stone B, Gronlund CJ, Mallen E, Hondula D, O’Neill MS, Rajput M, Grijalva S, Lanza K, Harlan S, Larsen L, Augenbroe G, Krayenhoff ES, Broadbent A, Georgescu M. How Blackouts during Heat Waves Amplify Mortality and Morbidity Risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:8245-8255. [PMID: 37219950 PMCID: PMC10249403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The recent concurrence of electrical grid failure events in time with extreme temperatures is compounding the population health risks of extreme weather episodes. Here, we combine simulated heat exposure data during historical heat wave events in three large U.S. cities to assess the degree to which heat-related mortality and morbidity change in response to a concurrent electrical grid failure event. We develop a novel approach to estimating individually experienced temperature to approximate how personal-level heat exposure changes on an hourly basis, accounting for both outdoor and building-interior exposures. We find the concurrence of a multiday blackout event with heat wave conditions to more than double the estimated rate of heat-related mortality across all three cities, and to require medical attention for between 3% (Atlanta) and more than 50% (Phoenix) of the total urban population in present and future time periods. Our results highlight the need for enhanced electrical grid resilience and support a more spatially expansive use of tree canopy and high albedo roofing materials to lessen heat exposures during compound climate and infrastructure failure events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Stone
- School
of City & Regional Planning, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carina J. Gronlund
- University
of Michigan Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, United States
- University
of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Evan Mallen
- School
of City & Regional Planning, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - David Hondula
- School
of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Marie S. O’Neill
- University
of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mayuri Rajput
- School
of Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 United States
| | - Santiago Grijalva
- School
of
Electrical and Computing Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kevin Lanza
- University
of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Austin, Texas 78701, United States
| | - Sharon Harlan
- Department
of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- School
of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona
State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Larissa Larsen
- Taubman
College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Godfried Augenbroe
- School
of Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 United States
| | - E. Scott Krayenhoff
- School of
Environmental Sciences, University
of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Ashley Broadbent
- School
of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Matei Georgescu
- School
of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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7
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Li Y, Varghese BM, Liu J, Bi P, Tong M. Association between High Ambient Temperatures and Road Crashes in an Australian City with Temperate Climate: A Time-Series Study, 2012-2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6000. [PMID: 37297604 PMCID: PMC10252869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: High ambient temperatures are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, and some evidence suggests that high temperatures increase the risk of road crashes. However, little is known regarding the burden of road crashes attributable to no-optimal high temperatures in Australia. Therefore, this study examined the effects of high temperatures on road crashes using Adelaide in South Australia as a case study. (2) Methods: Ten-year daily time-series data on road crashes (n = 64,597) and weather during the warm season (October-March) were obtained between 2012 and 2021. A quasi-Poisson distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to quantify the cumulative effect of high temperatures over the previous five days. The associations and attributable burden at moderate and extreme temperature ranges were computed as relative risk (RR) and attributable fraction. (3) Results: There was a J-shaped association between high ambient temperature and the risk of road crashes during the warm season in Adelaide, and pronounced effects were observed for minimum temperatures. The highest risk was observed at a 1 day lag and lasting for 5 days. High temperatures were responsible for 0.79% (95% CI: 0.15-1.33%) of road crashes, with moderately high temperatures accounting for most of the burden compared with extreme temperatures (0.55% vs. 0.32%). (4) Conclusions: In the face of a warming climate, the finding draws the attention of road transport, policy, and public health planners to design preventive plans to reduce the risk of road crashes attributable to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Li
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | | | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Michael Tong
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, ANU College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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8
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Errett NA, Hartwell C, Randazza JM, Nori-Sarma A, Weinberger KR, Spangler KR, Sun Y, Adams QH, Wellenius GA, Hess JJ. Survey of extreme heat public health preparedness plans and response activities in the most populous jurisdictions in the United States. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:811. [PMID: 37138325 PMCID: PMC10154751 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasingly frequent and intense extreme heat events (EHEs) are indicative of climate change impacts, and urban areas' social and built environments increase their risk for health consequences. Heat action plans (HAPs) are a strategy to bolster municipal EHE preparedness. The objective of this research is to characterize municipal interventions to EHEs and compare U.S. jurisdictions with and without formal heat action plans. METHODS An online survey was sent to 99 U.S. jurisdictions with populations > 200,000 between September 2021 and January 2022. Summary statistics were calculated to describe the proportion of total jurisdictions, as well as jurisdictions with and without HAPs and in different geographies that reported engagement in extreme heat preparedness and response activities. RESULTS Thirty-eight (38.4%) jurisdictions responded to the survey. Of those respondents, twenty-three (60.5%) reported the development of a HAP, of which 22 (95.7%) reported plans for opening cooling centers. All respondents reported conducting heat-related risk communications; however, communication approaches focused on passive, technology-dependent mechanisms. While 75.7% of jurisdictions reported having developed a definition for an EHE, less than two-thirds of responding jurisdictions reported any of the following activities: conducting heat-related surveillance (61.1%), implementing provisions for power outages (53.1%), increasing access to fans or air conditioners (48.4%), developing heat vulnerability maps (43.2%), or evaluating activities (34.2%). There were only two statistically significant (p ≥ .05) differences in the prevalence of heat-related activities between jurisdictions with and without a written HAP, possibly attributable to a relatively small sample size: surveillance and having a definition of extreme heat. CONCLUSIONS Jurisdictions can strengthen their extreme heat preparedness by expanding their consideration of at-risk populations to include communities of color, conducting formal evaluations of their responses, and by bridging the gap between the populations determined to be most at-risk and the channels of communication designed to reach them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Errett
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Cat Hartwell
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Juliette M Randazza
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Amruta Nori-Sarma
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Keith R Spangler
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuantong Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quinn H Adams
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy J Hess
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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9
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Madronich S, Sulzberger B, Longstreth JD, Schikowski T, Andersen MPS, Solomon KR, Wilson SR. Changes in tropospheric air quality related to the protection of stratospheric ozone in a changing climate. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1129-1176. [PMID: 37310641 PMCID: PMC10262938 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation drives the net production of tropospheric ozone (O3) and a large fraction of particulate matter (PM) including sulfate, nitrate, and secondary organic aerosols. Ground-level O3 and PM are detrimental to human health, leading to several million premature deaths per year globally, and have adverse effects on plants and the yields of crops. The Montreal Protocol has prevented large increases in UV radiation that would have had major impacts on air quality. Future scenarios in which stratospheric O3 returns to 1980 values or even exceeds them (the so-called super-recovery) will tend to ameliorate urban ground-level O3 slightly but worsen it in rural areas. Furthermore, recovery of stratospheric O3 is expected to increase the amount of O3 transported into the troposphere by meteorological processes that are sensitive to climate change. UV radiation also generates hydroxyl radicals (OH) that control the amounts of many environmentally important chemicals in the atmosphere including some greenhouse gases, e.g., methane (CH4), and some short-lived ozone-depleting substances (ODSs). Recent modeling studies have shown that the increases in UV radiation associated with the depletion of stratospheric ozone over 1980-2020 have contributed a small increase (~ 3%) to the globally averaged concentrations of OH. Replacements for ODSs include chemicals that react with OH radicals, hence preventing the transport of these chemicals to the stratosphere. Some of these chemicals, e.g., hydrofluorocarbons that are currently being phased out, and hydrofluoroolefins now used increasingly, decompose into products whose fate in the environment warrants further investigation. One such product, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), has no obvious pathway of degradation and might accumulate in some water bodies, but is unlikely to cause adverse effects out to 2100.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Madronich
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA.
- USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA.
| | - B Sulzberger
- Academic Guest after retirement from Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - J D Longstreth
- The Institute for Global Risk Research, LLC, Bethesda, USA
| | - T Schikowski
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - M P Sulbæk Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Northridge, USA
| | - K R Solomon
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - S R Wilson
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
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10
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Jurgilevich A, Käyhkö J, Räsänen A, Pörsti S, Lagström H, Käyhkö J, Juhola S. Factors influencing vulnerability to climate change-related health impacts in cities - A conceptual framework. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107837. [PMID: 36921561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will have adverse impacts on human health, which are amplified in cities. For these impacts, there are direct, indirect, and deferred pathways. The first category is well-studied, while indirect and deferred impacts are not well-understood. Moreover, the factors moderating the impacts have received little attention, although understanding these factors is critical for adaptation. We developed a conceptual framework that shows the pathways of climate impacts on human health, focusing specifically on the factors of urban environment moderating the emergence and severity of these health impacts. Based on the framework and literature review, we illustrate the mechanisms of direct, indirect, and deferred health impact occurrence and the factors that exacerbate or alleviate the severity of these impacts, thus presenting valuable insights for anticipatory adaptation. We conclude that an integrated systemic approach to preventing health risks from climate change can provide co-benefits for adaptation and address multiple health risks. Such an approach should be mainstreamed horizontally to all sectors of urban planning and should account for the spatiotemporal aspects of policy and planning decisions and city complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janina Käyhkö
- University of Helsinki, Environment and Ecosystems Research Programme, Finland
| | | | | | - Hanna Lagström
- University of Turku, Centre for Population Health Research and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jukka Käyhkö
- University of Turku, Department of Geography and Geology, Finland
| | - Sirkku Juhola
- University of Helsinki, Environment and Ecosystems Research Programme, Finland
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11
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Howe PD, Wilhelmi OV, Hayden MH, O'Lenick C. Geographic and demographic variation in worry about extreme heat and COVID-19 risk in summer 2020. APPLIED GEOGRAPHY (SEVENOAKS, ENGLAND) 2023; 152:102876. [PMID: 36686332 PMCID: PMC9841085 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme heat is a major health hazard that is exacerbated by ongoing human-caused climate change. However, how populations perceive the risks of heat in the context of other hazards like COVID-19, and how perceptions vary geographically, are not well understood. Here we present spatially explicit estimates of worry among the U.S. public about the risks of heat and COVID-19 during the summer of 2020, using nationally representative survey data and a multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) model. Worry about extreme heat and COVID-19 varies both across states and across demographic groups, in ways that reflect disparities in the impact of each risk. Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino populations, who face greater health impacts from both COVID-19 and extreme heat due to institutional and societal inequalities, also tend to be much more worried about both risks than white, non-Hispanic populations. Worry about heat and COVID-19 were correlated at the individual and population level, and patterns tended to be related to underlying external factors associated with the risk environment. In the face of a changing climate there is an urgent need to address disparities in heat risk and develop responses that ensure the most at-risk populations are protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Howe
- Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University, 5215 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
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12
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Ip VHY, Shelton CL, Zimmermann GL. Promoting practice change towards environmentally sustainable health care: more than meets the eye. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:295-300. [PMID: 36765013 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H Y Ip
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, 2-150 Clinical Sciences Building (CSB), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada.
| | - Clifford L Shelton
- Department of Anaesthesia, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Gabrielle L Zimmermann
- Alberta SPOR SUPPORT Unit - Learning Health System Team, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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13
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Nikolaou N, Dallavalle M, Stafoggia M, Bouwer LM, Peters A, Chen K, Wolf K, Schneider A. High-resolution spatiotemporal modeling of daily near-surface air temperature in Germany over the period 2000-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115062. [PMID: 36535393 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The commonly used weather stations cannot fully capture the spatiotemporal variability of near-surface air temperature (Tair), leading to exposure misclassification and biased health effect estimates. We aimed to improve the spatiotemporal coverage of Tair data in Germany by using multi-stage modeling to estimate daily 1 × 1 km minimum (Tmin), mean (Tmean), maximum (Tmax) Tair and diurnal Tair range during 2000-2020. We used weather station Tair observations, satellite-based land surface temperature (LST), elevation, vegetation and various land use predictors. In the first stage, we built a linear mixed model with daily random intercepts and slopes for LST adjusted for several spatial predictors to estimate Tair from cells with both Tair and LST available. In the second stage, we used this model to predict Tair for cells with only LST available. In the third stage, we regressed the second stage predictions against interpolated Tair values to obtain Tair countrywide. All models achieved high accuracy (0.91 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.98) and low errors (1.03 °C ≤ Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) ≤ 2.02 °C). Validation with external data confirmed the good performance, locally, i.e., in Augsburg for all models (0.74 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99, 0.87 °C ≤ RMSE ≤ 2.05 °C) and countrywide, for the Tmean model (0.71 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99, 0.79 °C ≤ RMSE ≤ 1.19 °C). Annual Tmean averages ranged from 8.56 °C to 10.42 °C with the years beyond 2016 being constantly hotter than the 21-year average. The spatial variability within Germany exceeded 15 °C annually on average following patterns including mountains, rivers and urbanization. Using a case study, we showed that modeling leads to broader Tair variability representation for exposure assessment of participants in health cohorts. Our results indicate the proposed models as suitable for estimating nationwide Tair at high resolution. Our product is critical for temperature-based epidemiological studies and is also available for other research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Nikolaou
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marco Dallavalle
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Laurens M Bouwer
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Rothschild J, Haase E. Women's mental health and climate change Part II: Socioeconomic stresses of climate change and eco-anxiety for women and their children. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160:414-420. [PMID: 36254375 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a significant public health crisis that is both rooted in pre-existing inequitable socioeconomic and racial systems and will further worsen these social injustices. In the face of acute and slow-moving natural disasters, women, and particularly women of color, will be more susceptible to gender-based violence, displacement, and other socioeconomic stressors, all of which have adverse mental health outcomes. Among the social consequences of climate change, eco-anxiety resulting from these negative impacts is also increasingly a significant factor in family planning and reproductive justice, as well as disruptions of the feminine connection to nature that numerous cultures historically and currently honor. This narrative review will discuss these sociologic factors and also touch on ways that practitioners can become involved in climate-related advocacy for the physical and mental well-being of their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rothschild
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Haase
- Department of Psychiatry, Carson Tahoe Regional Medical Center, Nevada, Carson City, USA.,University of Nevada School of Medicine at Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
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15
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He F, Wei J, Dong Y, Liu C, Zhao K, Peng W, Lu Z, Zhang B, Xue F, Guo X, Jia X. Associations of ambient temperature with mortality for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and the modification effects of greenness in Shandong Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158046. [PMID: 35987239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is scant on the relative and attributable contributions of ambient temperature on stroke subtypes mortality. Few studies have examined modification effects of multiple greenness indicators on such contributions, especially in China. We quantified the associations between ambient temperature and overall, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke mortality; further examined whether the associations were modified by greenness. METHODS We conducted a multicenter time-series analysis from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2019. we adopted a distributed lag non-linear model to evaluate county-specific temperature-stroke mortality associations. We then applied a random-effects meta-analysis to pool county-specific effects. Attributable mortality was calculated for cold and heat, defined as temperatures below and above the minimum mortality temperature (MMT). Finally, We conducted a multivariate meta-regression to determine associations between greenness and stroke mortality risks for cold and heat, using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) as quantitative indicators of greenness exposure. RESULTS In the study period, 138,749 deaths from total stroke were reported: 86,873 ischemic and 51,876 hemorrhagic stroke. We observed significant W-shaped relationships between temperature and stroke mortality, with substantial differences among counties and regions. With MMT as the temperature threshold, 17.16 % (95 % empirical CI, 13.38 %-19.75 %) of overall, 20.05 % (95 % eCI, 16.46 %-22.70 %) of ischemic, and 12.55 % (95 % eCI, 5.59 %-16.24 %) of hemorrhagic stroke mortality were attributable to non-optimum temperature (combining cold and heat), more mortality was caused by cold (14.94 %; 95 % eCI, 11.57 %-17.34 %) than by heat (2.22 %; 95 % eCI, 1.54 %-2.72 %). Higher levels of NDVI, SAVI and EVI were related to mitigated effects of non-optimum temperatures-especially heat. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to non-optimum temperatures aggravated stroke mortality risks; increasing greenness could alleviate that risks. This evidence has important implications for local communities in developing adaptive strategies to minimize the health consequences of adverse temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen He
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yilin Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Lu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Bingyin Zhang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Healthcare Big Data Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
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16
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Guo YT, Bernard Goggins W, Chan EYY, Ho KF. Individual socioeconomic status as a modifier of the association between high ambient temperature and hospital admissions: a time series study in Hong Kong, 2010-2019. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:67353-67361. [PMID: 35524101 PMCID: PMC9492594 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined individual socioeconomic status (SES) as a potential modifier of ambient temperature-health associations, especially for temperature-related hospitalizations. We fit penalized distributed lag non-linear models within generalized additive models to study the short-term associations (0-3 days) between temperature and hospital admissions stratified by common causes, age, and individual SES, as determined by whether patients received public assistance (PA) to cover their medical fee at the time of hospitalizations, during the hot season (May 15 to October 15) in Hong Kong for the years 2010-2019. We calculated the ratio of relative risk (RRR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) to statistically test the difference of the associations between PA groups. For 75 + patients, the PA group had significantly increased risks of hospitalizations at higher temperature for most causes, with relative risks (RR, 99th %ile vs. 25%ile) and 95% CIs of 1.138 (1.099, 1.179), 1.057 (1.008, 1.109), and 1.163 (1.094, 1.236) estimated for all non-cancer non-external, circulatory, and respiratory admissions, respectively. There were slight decreases of RRs with higher temperature for 75 + patients without PA. The strengths of temperature-hospitalization associations were strongly and significantly different between PA groups for all examined causes for 75 + patients, with the most considerable discrepancy found for ischemic heart disease (RRR = 1.266; 95% CI, 1.137, 1.410). Hospitalizations for patients aged 15-74 were less affected by heat, and the difference of the associations between groups was small. Individual SES is a significant modifier of high temperature-hospitalization associations in Hong Kong among the elderly. Public health interventions are needed to better protect this subpopulation from adverse health impacts of high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tong Guo
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - William Bernard Goggins
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Emily Ying Yang Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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17
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Davis RE, Driskill EK, Novicoff WM. The Association between Weather and Emergency Department Visitation for Diabetes in Roanoke, Virginia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:1589-1597. [PMID: 35583606 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus imposes a significant and increasing health burden on the US population. Our objective is to determine if weather is related to daily variations in emergency department (ED) visits for diabetes mellitus in Roanoke, Virginia. A time series of daily ED visits for diabetes mellitus at the Carilion Clinic in southwestern Virginia is associated with daily minimum temperature from 2010-2017. Associations between ED visits (through a 14-day lag period) and temperature are examined using generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models. Heat and cold waves are identified at low and high thresholds, and ED visitation during these events is compared to prior control periods using a time-stratified case crossover approach. ED visits for diabetes exhibit a U-shaped relationship with temperature, with a higher relative risk (RR) during cold events (RR = 1.05) vs. warm events (RR = 1.02). When minimum temperatures are below freezing, ED visitation peaks starting 2 days afterward, with RRs approaching 1.04. The RR on warm days (minimum temperature > 10 °C) approaches 1.02 but peaks on the day of or the day following the elevated temperatures. Cold waves increase the odds of ED visits by up to 11% (p = 0.01), whereas heat waves exhibit no significant effect (p = 0.07). The increasing health burden linked to diabetes requires new research on environmental factors that might exacerbate related illness. When examined in the context of climate change impacts on local weather variations, these kinds of linkages between environment and disease can aid in facility staffing and public health messaging during extreme weather events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Davis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4123, USA.
| | - Elizabeth K Driskill
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800159HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Wendy M Novicoff
- Departments of Public Health and Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800159HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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Cadet MJ. Integrating Climate Change Concepts into Advanced Practice Registered Nurses Curricula with the Application of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties Competencies. J Prof Nurs 2022; 41:157-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The effect of ambient temperature on in-hospital mortality: a study in Nanjing, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6304. [PMID: 35428808 PMCID: PMC9012784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce the inpatient mortality and improve the quality of hospital management, we explore the relationship between temperatures and in-hospital mortality in a large sample across 10 years in Nanjing, Jiangsu. We collected 10 years’ data on patient deaths from a large research hospital. Distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to find the association between daily mean temperatures and in-hospital mortality. A total of 6160 in-hospital deaths were documented. Overall, peak RR appeared at 8 °C, with the range of 1 to 20 °C having a significantly high mortality risk. In the elderly (age ≥ 65 years), peak RR appeared at 5 °C, with range − 3 to 21 °C having a significantly high mortality risk. In males, peak RR appeared at 8 °C, with the range 0 to 24 °C having a significantly high mortality risk. Moderate cold (define as 2.5th percentile of daily mean temperatures to the MT), not extreme temperatures (≤ 2.5th percentile or ≥ 97.5th percentile of daily mean temperatures), increased the risk of death in hospital patients, especially in elderly and male in-hospital patients.
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20
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Wondmagegn BY, Xiang J, Dear K, Williams S, Hansen A, Pisaniello D, Nitschke M, Nairn J, Scalley B, Xiao A, Jian L, Tong M, Bambrick H, Karnon J, Bi P. Understanding current and projected emergency department presentations and associated healthcare costs in a changing thermal climate in Adelaide, South Australia. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:421-426. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundExposure to extreme temperatures is associated with increased emergency department (ED) presentations. The resulting burden on health service costs and the potential impact of climate change is largely unknown. This study examines the temperature-EDs/cost relationships in Adelaide, South Australia and how this may be impacted by increasing temperatures.MethodsA time series analysis using a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to explore the exposure–response relationships. The net-attributable, cold-attributable and heat-attributable ED presentations for temperature-related diseases and costs were calculated for the baseline (2014–2017) and future periods (2034–2037 and 2054–2057) under three climate representative concentration pathways (RCPs).ResultsThe baseline heat-attributable ED presentations were estimated to be 3600 (95% empirical CI (eCI) 700 to 6500) with associated cost of $A4.7 million (95% eCI 1.8 to 7.5). Heat-attributable ED presentations and costs were projected to increase during 2030s and 2050s with no change in the cold-attributable burden. Under RCP8.5 and population growth, the increase in heat-attributable burden would be 1.9% (95% eCI 0.8% to 3.0%) for ED presentations and 2.5% (95% eCI 1.3% to 3.7%) for ED costs during 2030s. Under the same conditions, the heat effect is expected to increase by 3.7% (95% eCI 1.7% to 5.6%) for ED presentations and 5.0% (95% eCI 2.6% to 7.1%) for ED costs during 2050s.ConclusionsProjected climate change is likely to increase heat-attributable emergency presentations and the associated costs in Adelaide. Planning health service resources to meet these changes will be necessary as part of broader risk mitigation strategies and public health adaptation actions.
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21
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Climate Change Impact on Energy Poverty and Energy Efficiency in the Public Housing Building Stock of Bari, Italy. CLIMATE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cli10040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The public housing stock across the European Union is generally constituted of old buildings (built prior to 1980) with high energy demand and indoor thermal comfort issues, which could be exacerbated by climate change. The aim of this paper was to quantify the impact of climate change on the energy demand of the public housing building stock. A neighbourhood located in Bari (south Italy) is considered as representative of a common construction typology of late 1970s in Italy. Energy models were created and calibrated with real-time data collected from utilities’ bills. The results showed a medium to strong correlation between age and energy consumption (r = 0.358), but no evident correlation between the number of tenants and energy consumption, although a significantly low energy consumption was found in apartments occupied by more than five tenants. An energy penalty of about 7 kWh/m2 of heating energy consumption for every 10 years of increase in the average age of tenants was calculated. Moreover, the impact of future weather scenarios on energy consumptions was analysed and an average annual energy penalty of 0.3 kWh/m2 was found.
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Sabah ZU, Alarim RAO, Alarim MAO. The Role of Cold Exposure on Ischemic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. PHARMACOPHORE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/z8kswsnevd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Tapia-Muñoz T, González-Santa Cruz A, Clarke H, Morris W, Palmeiro-Silva Y, Allel K. COVID-19 attributed mortality and ambient temperature: a global ecological study using a two-stage regression model. Pathog Glob Health 2021; 116:319-329. [PMID: 34842049 PMCID: PMC9248943 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2021.2007336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A negative correlation between ambient temperature and COVID-19 mortality has been observed. However, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has reinforced the importance of government interventions and warned countries against relaxing control measures due to warmer temperatures. Further understanding of this relationship is needed to help plan vaccination campaigns opportunely. Using a two-stage regression model, we conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to evaluate the association between monthly ambient temperature lagged by one month with the COVID-19 number of deaths and the probability of high-level of COVID-19 mortality in 150 countries during time t = 60, 90, and 120 days since the onset. First, we computed a log-linear regression to predict the pre-COVID-19 respiratory disease mortality to homogenize the baseline disease burden within countries. Second, we employed negative binomial and logistic regressions to analyze the linkage between the ambient temperature and our outcomes, adjusting by pre-COVID-19 respiratory disease mortality rate, among other factors. The increase of one Celsius degree in ambient temperature decreases the incidence of COVID-19 deaths (IRR = 0.93; SE: 0.026, p-value<0.001) and the probability of high-level COVID-19 mortality (OR = 0.96; SE: 0.019; p-value<0.001) over time. High-income countries from the northern hemisphere had lower temperatures and were most affected by pre-COVID respiratory disease mortality and COVID-19 mortality. This study provides a global perspective corroborating the negative association between COVID-19 mortality and ambient temperature. Our longitudinal findings support the statement made by the WMO. Effective, opportune, and sustained reaction from countries can help capitalize on higher temperatures’ protective role including the timely rollout of vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamara Tapia-Muñoz
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Harrison Clarke
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Walter Morris
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kasim Allel
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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Grammatikopoulou MG, Gkiouras K, Pepa A, Persynaki A, Taousani E, Milapidou M, Smyrnakis E, Goulis DG. Health status of women affected by homelessness: A cluster of in concreto human rights violations and a time for action. Maturitas 2021; 154:31-45. [PMID: 34736578 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Health problems of women experiencing homelessness are driven either from the usual background characteristics of this population, or from the homeless lifestyle. Apart from poverty and unemployment, transition to homelessness is often associated with substance abuse, history of victimization, stress, poor mental health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Water insecurity can undermine bodily hygiene and dental health, posing a greater risk of dehydration and opportunistic infections. Exposure to extreme environmental conditions like heat waves and natural disasters increases morbidity, accelerates aging, and reduces life expectancy. Nutrition-wise, a high prevalence of food insecurity, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies are apparent due to low diet quality and food waste. Poor hygiene, violence, and overcrowding increase the susceptibility of these women to communicable diseases, including sexually transmitted ones and COVID-19. Furthermore, established cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus are often either undertreated or neglected, and their complications are more widespread than in the general population. In addition, lack of medical screening and contraception non-use induce a variety of reproductive health issues. All these health conditions are tightly related to violations of human rights in this population, including the rights to housing, water, food, reproduction, health, work, and no discrimination. Thus, the care provided to women experiencing homelessness should be optimized at a multidimensional level, spanning beyond the provision of a warm bed, to include access to clean water and sanitation, psychological support and stress-coping strategies, disease management and acute health care, food of adequate quality, opportunities for employment and support for any minor dependants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Grammatikopoulou
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alexander Campus, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gkiouras
- Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aleks Pepa
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleftheria Taousani
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Milapidou
- Dr. Juris, Post Doc Researcher, Faculty of Law, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Smyrnakis
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Extreme Weather Conditions and Cardiovascular Hospitalizations in Southern Brazil. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132112194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This research concerns the identification of a pattern between the occurrence of extreme weather conditions, such as cold waves and heat waves, and hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), in the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) in southern Brazil between 2012 and 2017. The research employed the field experiment method to measure the biometeorological parameters associated with hospital admissions in different seasons, such as during extreme weather conditions such as a cold wave (CW) or a heat wave (HW), using five thermal comfort indices: physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), new standard effective temperature (SET), predicted mean vote (PMV), effective temperatures (ET), and effective temperature with wind (ETW). The hospitalizations were recorded as 0.775 and 0.726 admissions per day for the winter and entire study periods, respectively. The records for extreme events showed higher admission rates than those on average days. The results also suggest that emergency hospitalizations for heart diseases during extreme weather events occurred predominantly on days with thermal discomfort. Furthermore, there was a particularly high risk of hospitalization for up to seven days after the end of the CW. Further analyses showed that cardiovascular hospitalizations were higher in winter than in summer, suggesting that CWs are more life threatening in wintertime.
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Yang D, Chen L, Yang Y, Shi J, Xu J, Li C, Wu Y, Ji X. Influence of ambient temperature and diurnal temperature variation on the premature rupture of membranes in East China: A distributed lag nonlinear time series analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111145. [PMID: 33844967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme ambient temperature has an adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes, but the conclusions have been inconsistent. The influence of ambient temperature and diurnal temperature variation on the premature rupture of membranes (PROM) needs further study. METHODS AND FINDINGS The daily data of PROMs, daily meteorological and air pollutant were obtained. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) combined with the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to analyze the association between temperature or diurnal temperature variation and PROM, including preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and term premature rupture of membranes (term PROM). Compared with the median temperature(18.7 °C), the mean temperature of 5-7 days lagging beyond 31.5 °C and below -1.5 °C was positively correlated with PROM; the mean temperature had more sensitive effect on the term PROM. Exposure to extremely high temperatures (97.5th percentile, 32 °C) had a 6-day lagging relative risk (RR) (95% CI: 1.005-1.160) of 1.08 for PROM and a 6-day lagging RR of 1.079 (95% CI: 1.005-1.159) for term PROM; Exposure to a high diurnal temperature variation (diurnal temperature variation greater than 16 °C) was positively correlated with the term PROM. Compared with the 2.5th percentile diurnal temperature variation (2 °C), exposure to the 95th percentile diurnal temperature variation (17 °C) significantly increased the risk of term PROM (RR: 1.229, 95% CI: 1.029-1.467). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to a high-temperature and a high diurnal temperature variation environment will increase the relative risks of PROM. For pregnant women in the 3rd trimester, it is important to reduce exposure to extremely high-temperatures and greater diurnal temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Infection control, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjin Shi
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinhua Ji
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Song X, Jiang L, Zhang D, Wang X, Ma Y, Hu Y, Tang J, Li X, Huang W, Meng Y, Shi A, Feng Y, Zhang Y. Impact of short-term exposure to extreme temperatures on diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58035-58049. [PMID: 34105073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between diabetes mellitus and short-term exposure to extreme temperatures remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the association between extreme temperatures and diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched since inception to January 1, 2019, and updated on November 17, 2020. The results were combined using random effects model and reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). In total, 32 studies met the inclusion criteria. (1) Both heat and cold exposures have impact on diabetes. (2) For heat exposure, the subgroup analysis revealed that the effect on diabetes mortality (RR=1.139, 95% CI: 1.089-1.192) was higher than morbidity (RR=1.012, 95% CI: 1.004-1.019). (3) With the increase of definition threshold, the impact of heat exposure on diabetes rose. (4) A stronger association between heat exposure and diabetes was observed in the elderly (≥ 60 years old) (RR=1.040, 95% CI: 1.017-1.064). In conclusion, short-term exposure to both heat and cold temperatures has impact on diabetes. The elderly is the vulnerable population of diabetes exposure to heat temperature. Developing definitions of heatwaves at the regional level are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Song
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liangzhen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Second Clinical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiayang Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenqiang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Anchen Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Gansu Province Hospital Rehabilitation Center, 53 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Wondmagegn BY, Xiang J, Dear K, Williams S, Hansen A, Pisaniello D, Nitschke M, Nairn J, Scalley B, Xiao A, Jian L, Tong M, Bambrick H, Karnon J, Bi P. Increasing impacts of temperature on hospital admissions, length of stay, and related healthcare costs in the context of climate change in Adelaide, South Australia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145656. [PMID: 33592481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of studies have investigated the effect of increasing temperatures on morbidity and health service use. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the temperature-attributable cost burden. OBJECTIVES This study examines the relationship of daily mean temperature with hospital admissions, length of hospital stay (LoS), and costs; and estimates the baseline temperature-attributable hospital admissions, and costs and in relation to warmer climate scenarios in Adelaide, South Australia. METHOD A daily time series analysis using distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) was used to explore exposure-response relationships and to estimate the aggregated burden of hospital admissions for conditions associated with temperatures (i.e. renal diseases, mental health, diabetes, ischaemic heart diseases and heat-related illnesses) as well as the associated LoS and costs, for the baseline period (2010-2015) and different future climate scenarios in Adelaide, South Australia. RESULTS During the six-year baseline period, the overall temperature-attributable hospital admissions, LoS, and associated costs were estimated to be 3915 cases (95% empirical confidence interval (eCI): 235, 7295), 99,766 days (95% eCI: 14,484, 168,457), and AU$159 million (95% eCI: 18.8, 269.0), respectively. A climate scenario consistent with RCP8.5 emissions, and including projected demographic change, is estimated to lead to increases in heat-attributable hospital admissions, LoS, and costs of 2.2% (95% eCI: 0.5, 3.9), 8.4% (95% eCI: 1.1, 14.3), and 7.7% (95% eCI: 0.3, 13.3), respectively by mid-century. CONCLUSIONS There is already a substantial temperature-attributable impact on hospital admissions, LoS, and costs which are estimated to increase due to climate change and an increasing aged population. Unless effective climate and public health interventions are put into action, the costs of treating temperature-related admissions will be high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhanu Y Wondmagegn
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Alana Hansen
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Monika Nitschke
- South Australian Department of Health and Wellbeing, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - John Nairn
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Ben Scalley
- Metropolitan Communicable Disease Control, Department of Health WA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Alex Xiao
- Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health WA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Le Jian
- Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health WA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Michael Tong
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jonathan Karnon
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Abstract
Homelessness is a persistent global challenge with significant health impacts on those affected. Homeless people are by definition the most exposed to weather conditions and the social and economic problems caused by extreme weather and climate change and variability. This systematic review was designed to synthesize the academic literature that addresses the health and social implications of global climate change for homelessness. The question examined in this systematic scoping review is the following: What is the current state of knowledge in the scientific literature on the health and social implications of global climate change for homelessness? A systematic scoping review method was used to identify and synthesize the peer-reviewed literature relevant to this question. The databases searched were PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Of the 26 papers identified in this review, 20 employed original data analyses with conclusions largely inferred from cross-sectional associations. Themes included the potential influence of climate change on homelessness prevalence, climate impacts that exacerbate specific vulnerabilities of homeless populations (e.g., chronic illness, exposure, stigmatization), and health and social outcomes. Service use and design implications were also addressed. Given the scale of the impacts of climate change on homelessness, the literature on this topic poses promising directions but is under-developed in its current state to adequately inform risk mitigation and response planning. A systems framework is proposed here to inform future research and service design.
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Climate Change, Weather, Housing Precarity, and Homelessness: A Systematic Review of Reviews. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115812. [PMID: 34071641 PMCID: PMC8199223 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review of reviews was conducted to examine housing precarity and homelessness in relation to climate change and weather extremes internationally. In a thematic analysis of 15 reviews (5 systematic and 10 non-systematic), the following themes emerged: risk factors for homelessness/housing precarity, temperature extremes, health concerns, structural factors, natural disasters, and housing. First, an increased risk of homelessness has been found for people who are vulnerably housed and populations in lower socio-economic positions due to energy insecurity and climate change-induced natural hazards. Second, homeless/vulnerably-housed populations are disproportionately exposed to climatic events (temperature extremes and natural disasters). Third, the physical and mental health of homeless/vulnerably-housed populations is projected to be impacted by weather extremes and climate change. Fourth, while green infrastructure may have positive effects for homeless/vulnerably-housed populations, housing remains a major concern in urban environments. Finally, structural changes must be implemented. Recommendations for addressing the impact of climate change on homelessness and housing precarity were generated, including interventions focusing on homelessness/housing precarity and reducing the effects of weather extremes, improved housing and urban planning, and further research on homelessness/housing precarity and climate change. To further enhance the impact of these initiatives, we suggest employing the Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA).
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Liu X, He Y, Tang C, Wei Q, Xu Z, Yi W, Pan R, Gao J, Duan J, Su H. Association between cold spells and childhood asthma in Hefei, an analysis based on different definitions and characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110738. [PMID: 33485910 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the global climate continues to warm, there is an increased focus on heat, but the role of low temperatures on health has been overlooked, especially for developing countries. Methods We collected the admission data of childhood asthma in 2013-2016 from Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, as well as meteorological data from the Meteorological Bureau for the study period and collected data of pollutants from 10 monitoring stations around Hefei city. Poisson's generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the short-term effects of cold spell on childhood asthma in cold seasons (November to March). 16 definitions of cold spells were clearly compared, which combining 4 temperature indexes (daily minimum and mean temperature; daily minimum and mean apparent temperature), 2 temperature thresholds (2.5th and 5th) and 3 durations of at least 2-4 days. We then have an analysis of the modifying effect of characteristics of cold spells and individuals(gender and age), with a view to discovering the susceptible population to cold spell. Results There was significant association between cold spells and admission risk for childhood asthma. And the definition, in which daily minimum apparent temperature falls below 5th percentile for at least 3 consecutive days, produced the optimum model fit performance. Based on this optimal fit we found that, for the total population, the effect of cold spell lasted approximately five days (lag1-lag5), with the largest effect occurring in lag 3 (RR = 1.110; 95% CI: 1.052-1.170). In subgroup analysis, the cumulative effect of lag0-7 was higher in males and school-age children than in females and other age groups, respectively. In addition, we found that the effect of is higher as the duration increases. Conclusion This study suggests an association between cold spell and childhood asthma, and minimum AT may be a better indicator to define the cold spells. Boys and school-age children are more vulnerable to cold spell. And one of our very interesting findings is that if a cold spell lasts for several days, the impact of the cold spell on those later days is likely to be greater than that of the previous days. In conclusion, we should pay more attention to the protection of boys and school-aged children in our future public health protection and give more attention to those cold spells that last longer. Therefore, we recommend that schools and health authorities need to take targeted measures to reduce the risk of asthma in children during the cold spell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yangyang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China.
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Qi X, Wang Z, Xia X, Xue J, Gu Y, Han S, Yao Q, Cai Z, Wang X, Wang L, Leng SX, Li X. The effects of heatwaves and cold spells on patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:309. [PMID: 33708936 PMCID: PMC7944308 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the effects of heatwaves and cold spells on blood pressure, thrombus formation, and systemic inflammation at admission in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Data of patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2014 and March 2019 were reviewed, along with meteorological data from the same time period. A total of 806 clinically confirmed patients with ischemic stroke (34–97 years old) were included in the final analysis. Heatwaves and cold spells were defined as ≥2 consecutive days with average temperature >95th percentile (May–August) and <5th percentile (November–March), respectively. Coagulation parameters, inflammation indices, blood pressure, and neurological impairment were evaluated within 24 hours of admission. General linear and logistic regression models were created to investigate the relationships of heatwaves and cold spells with the examination results of patients with ischemic stroke at admission. Results After adjustment for potential environmental confounders, heatwaves were positively associated with high systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β=8.693, P=0.019), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β=3.665, P=0.040), reduced thrombin time (TT) (β=−0.642, P=0.027), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (β=−1.572, P=0.027) in ischemic stroke patients at admission. Cold spells were positively associated with high SBP (β=5.277, P=0.028), DBP (β=4.672, P=0.012), fibrinogen (β=0.315, P=0.011), globulin (β=1.523, P=0.011), and reduced TT (β=−0.784, P<0.001) and APTT (β=−1.062, P=0.024). Cold spells were also associated with a higher risk of respiratory infection [odds ratio (OR) =2.677, P=0.001]. Conclusions Exposure to heatwaves or cold spells was associated with blood pressure and coagulation at admission in patients with ischemic stroke. Cold spells also resulted in higher levels of inflammation. These findings suggest that changes in coagulation, blood pressure, and inflammation may be the potential biological mechanisms underlying the cerebrovascular effects of exposure to extreme temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juanjuan Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumeng Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Suqin Han
- Tianjin Environmental Meteorology Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Tianjin Environmental Meteorology Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziying Cai
- Tianjin Environmental Meteorology Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Tianjin Environmental Meteorology Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Liu S, Chan EYY, Goggins WB, Huang Z. The Mortality Risk and Socioeconomic Vulnerability Associated with High and Low Temperature in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197326. [PMID: 33036459 PMCID: PMC7579344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The adverse health effect associated with extreme temperature has been extensively reported in the current literature. Some also found that temperature effect may vary among the population with different socioeconomic status (SES), but found inconsistent results. Previous studies on the socioeconomic vulnerability of temperature effect were mainly achieved by multi-city or country analysis, but the large heterogeneity between cities may introduce additional bias to the estimation. The linkage between death registry and census in Hong Kong allows us to perform a city-wide analysis in which the study population shares virtually the same cultural, lifestyle and policy environment. This study aims to examine and compare the high and low temperature on morality in Hong Kong, a city with a subtropical climate and address a key research question of whether the extreme high and low temperature disproportionally affects population with lower SES. (2) Methods: Poisson-generalized additive models and distributed-lagged nonlinear models were used to examine the association between daily mortality and daily mean temperature between 2007–2015 with other meteorological and confounding factors controlled. Death registry was linked with small area census and area-level median household income was used as the proxy for socioeconomic status. (3) Results: 362,957 deaths during the study period were included in the analysis. The minimum mortality temperature was found to be 28.9 °C (82nd percentile). With a subtropical climate, the low temperature has a stronger effect than the high temperature on non-accidental, cardiovascular, respiratory and cancer deaths in Hong Kong. The hot effect was more pronounced in the first few days, while cold effect tended to last up to three weeks. Significant heat effect was only observed in the lower SES groups, whilst the extreme low temperature was associated with significantly higher mortality risk across all SES groups. The older population were susceptible to extreme temperature, especially for cold. (4) Conclusions: This study raised the concern of cold-related health impact in the subtropical region. Compared with high temperature, low temperature may be considered a universal hazard to the entire population in Hong Kong rather than only disproportionally affecting people with lower SES. Future public health policy should reconsider the strategy at both individual and community levels to reduce temperature-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Liu
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (S.L.); (Z.H.)
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Emily Yang Ying Chan
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (S.L.); (Z.H.)
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - William Bernard Goggins
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Zhe Huang
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (S.L.); (Z.H.)
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
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Gronlund CJ, Berrocal VJ. Modeling and comparing central and room air conditioning ownership and cold-season in-home thermal comfort using the American Housing Survey. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2020; 30:814-823. [PMID: 32203058 PMCID: PMC7483423 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Household-level information on central air conditioning (cenAC) and room air conditioning (rmAC) air conditioning and cold-weather thermal comfort are often missing from publicly available housing databases hindering research and action on climate adaptation and air pollution exposure reduction. We modeled these using information from the American Housing Survey for 2003-2013 and 140 US core-based statistical areas employing variables that would be present in publicly available parcel records. We present random-intercept logistic regression models with either cenAC, rmAC or "home was uncomfortably cold for 24 h or more" (tooCold) as outcome variables and housing value, rented vs. owned, age, and multi- vs. single-family, each interacted with cooling- or heating-degree days as predictors. The out-of-sample predicted probabilities for years 2015-2017 were compared with corresponding American Housing Survey values (0 or 1). Using a 0.5 probability threshold, the model had 63% specificity (true negative rate), and 91% sensitivity (true positive rate) for cenAC, while specificity and sensitivity for rmAC were 94% and 34%, respectively. Area-specific sensitivities and specificities varied widely. For tooCold, the overall sensitivity was effectively 0%. Future epidemiologic studies, heat vulnerability maps, and intervention screenings may reliably use these or similar AC models with parcel-level data to improve understanding of health risk and the spatial patterning of homes without AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina J Gronlund
- Social Environment and Health Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Su Y, Cheng L, Cai W, Lee JKW, Zhong S, Chen S, Li T, Huang X, Huang C. Evaluating the effectiveness of labor protection policy on occupational injuries caused by extreme heat in a large subtropical city of China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109532. [PMID: 32334170 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On March 1, 2012, the Chinese government implemented the Administrative Measures on Heatstroke Prevention (AMHP2012) to combat the occupational health impacts of extreme heat, and reducing occupational injury was one of the main purposes. This study aimed at quantifying the intervention effects of the AMHP2012 on extreme heat-related occupational injuries and subsequent insurance payouts in Guangzhou, China. Data on occupational injuries and insurance payouts were collected from March 1, 2011, to February 28, 2013, from the occupational injury insurance system of Guangzhou. A quasi-experimental design with before-after control was adopted. Interrupted time series analysis was performed to quantify the change of occupational injuries and insurance payouts after policy implementation. The distributed lag non-linear model was used to explore whether injury claims and insurance payouts due to extreme heat decreased. A total of 9851 injury claims were included in the analysis. After policy implementation, the risk of occupational injuries and insurance payouts decreased by 13% (RR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.75, 0.99) and 24% (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.94), respectively. The attributable fraction of extreme heat-related occupational injuries decreased from 3.17% (95%eCI: 1.35, 4.69) to 1.52% (95%eCI: -0.36, 3.15), which contributed to 0.86 million USD reduction of insurance payouts. Both males and females, low-educated, young and middle-aged workers, workers at small or medium-sized enterprises, engaging in manufacturing, and with both minor and severe injuries were apparently associated with decreased rates of extreme heat-related occupational injuries. The AMHP2012 policy contributed to the reduction of extreme heat-related occupational injuries and insurance payouts in Guangzhou, China, and this research provided novel evidence for decision-makers to better understand the necessity of implementing health protection policies among laborers under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Su
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Liangliang Cheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjia Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jason Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Global Asia Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuang Zhong
- Center for Chinese Public Administration Research, School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Institute for Economic and Social Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Teng Li
- International School of Business and Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xinfei Huang
- International School of Business and Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Cunrui Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, 200030, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Lin YK, Sung FC, Honda Y, Chen YJ, Wang YC. Comparative assessments of mortality from and morbidity of circulatory diseases in association with extreme temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:138012. [PMID: 32217384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated vulnerable subpopulation on mortality, emergency room visits (ERVs) and outpatient visits associated with ambient daily temperature from 2000 to 2014 using vital statistics and insurance claims of Taiwan. METHODS We used the distributed lag non-linear model to assess circulatory disease-specific deaths, ERVs, and outpatient visits by mean temperature after controlling particulate matter (PM10) and other covariates. Lag effect of temperature changes on health risks accumulated for 0-10 days associated with low temperature and for 0-5 days for high temperature were evaluated. Cause-specific pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the whole population of Taiwan using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS We used reference temperatures of 60th percentiles for mortality from circulatory diseases, 99th percentile for ERVs of circulatory diseases, 2nd percentile for ERVs of heart diseases and ischemic heart disease, 53th percentile for ERVs of cerebrovascular disease, and 12-16th percentiles for outpatient visits of circulatory diseases. The lag effects peaked at lag 4-5 day for low temperature exposure and at lag 0 for high temperature exposure. Pooled cold related health risk was the highest for mortality from and ERV of circulatory diseases with RR of 1.41 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.49) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.35, 1.48), respectively, as daily mean temperatures was at 1st percentile (12.8 °C). Heat related health risk was significant for mortality from heart diseases [RR = 1.12 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.18)] and ischemic heart diseases [RR = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.20)] as daily mean temperatures was at 99th percentile (29.9 °C). CONCLUSIONS Health authority should evaluate the effectiveness of adaptive policy, strategy, and actions responding to extreme temperatures to prevent mortality from circulatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Lin
- Department of Health and Welfare, University of Taipei College of City Management, 101 Zhongcheng Road Sec. 2, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Yasushi Honda
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yi-Jhih Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli 320, Taiwan.
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Qi X, Wang Z, Xia X, Xue J, Gu Y, Han S, Wang L, Li X, Leng SX. Potential Impacts of Meteorological Variables on Acute Ischemic Stroke Onset. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:615-621. [PMID: 32607029 PMCID: PMC7311092 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s253559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The effects of meteorological parameters on stroke occurrence remain debated. The aim of the study was to assess the association between meteorological parameters and ischemic stroke onset in cold seasons in Tianjin. Patients and Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke (946) were identified by standard sampling from one stroke unit in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, from 10/1/2014 to 4/30/2019. Generalized linear Poisson regression models were used to explore the effect of meteorological parameters (air temperature, barometric pressure, and relative humidity) on daily ischemic stroke onset after adjusting for air pollutants, day of week, and public holiday. Results The results showed that ischemic stroke onset was positively associated with the diurnal variation of temperature (β coefficient: 0.020, 95% CI [0.001, 0.038] p<0.05). Significant positive correlation between ischemic stroke onset and barometric pressure (mean, minimum) was found (β coefficient: 0.010, 95% CI [0.001,0.019] p<0.05; 0.010, 95% CI [0.001,0.019] p<0.05). The subgroup analysis considering age and gender difference showed that the older and the female were more vulnerable to weather conditions. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that there was a measurable effect of weather parameters on daily ischemic stroke onset in colder seasons, suggesting that meteorological variables may, at least in part, play as risk factors for ischemic stroke onset, especially for the aging and female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Han
- Tianjin Environmental Meteorology Center, Tianjin 300074, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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The Association between Air Temperature and Mortality in Two Brazilian Health Regions. CLIMATE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cli8010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Air temperature, both cold and hot, has impacts on mortality and morbidities, which are exacerbated by poor health service and protection responses, particularly in under-developed countries. This study was designed to analyze the effects of air temperature on the risk of deaths for all and specific causes in two regions of Brazil (Florianopolis and Recife), between 2005 and 2014. The association between temperature and mortality was performed through the fitting of a quasi-Poisson non-linear lag distributed model. The association between air temperature and mortality was identified for both regions. The results showed that temperature exerted influence on both general mortality indicators and specific causes, with hot and cold temperatures bringing different impacts to the studied regions. Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular deaths were more sensitive to cold temperatures for Florianopolis and Recife, respectively. Based on the application of the very-well documented state-of-the-art methodology, it was possible to conclude that there was evidence that extreme air temperature influenced general and specific deaths. These results highlighted the importance of consolidating evidence and research in tropical countries such as Brazil as a way of understanding climate change and its impacts on health indicators.
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Is There a Need to Integrate Human Thermal Models with Weather Forecasts to Predict Thermal Stress? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224586. [PMID: 31752444 PMCID: PMC6888075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
More and more people will experience thermal stress in the future as the global temperature is increasing at an alarming rate and the risk for extreme weather events is growing. The increased exposure to extreme weather events poses a challenge for societies around the world. This literature review investigates the feasibility of making advanced human thermal models in connection with meteorological data publicly available for more versatile practices and a wider population. By providing society and individuals with personalized heat and cold stress warnings, coping advice and educational purposes, the risks of thermal stress can effectively be reduced. One interesting approach is to use weather station data as input for the wet bulb globe temperature heat stress index, human heat balance models, and wind chill index to assess heat and cold stress. This review explores the advantages and challenges of this approach for the ongoing EU project ClimApp where more advanced models may provide society with warnings on an individual basis for different thermal environments such as tropical heat or polar cold. The biggest challenges identified are properly assessing mean radiant temperature, microclimate weather data availability, integration and continuity of different thermal models, and further model validation for vulnerable groups.
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Song J, Lu J, Wang E, Lu M, An Z, Liu Y, Zeng X, Li W, Li H, Xu D, Yao S, Wu W. Short-term effects of ambient temperature on the risk of premature rupture of membranes in Xinxiang, China: A time-series analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:1329-1335. [PMID: 31466169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the effects of extreme ambient temperature on the risk of adverse birth outcomes are limited, and the results are inconsistent. In this study, we evaluated the short-term effects of daily mean temperature on the risk of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in Xinxiang, China. METHODS Daily hospitalization data for PROM, daily meteorological data, and ambient pollution data in Xinxiang from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017 were collected. A quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to assess the short-term impact of temperature on PROM. The model was adjusted for relative humidity, air pollution, time trend, day of the week, and public holidays. RESULTS The number of daily hospitalizations for PROM during the study period was 3255. With a reference median temperature of 17 °C, there were significant associations between the temperature deviation from the threshold temperature (2 °C, 12th percentile; 29 °C, 91st percentile) and PROM hospitalization at lag 0-2 days. Exposure to extreme cold (-2 °C, 1st percentile) or extreme heat (32 °C, 99th percentile) were associated with 0.528 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.278-0.986) and 2.161 (95% CI: 1.240-3.764) increased risks of PROM, respectively. Younger mothers with age <35 years were more sensitive to the impact of extreme temperature. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that heat temperature is associated with higher PROM risk, while cold temperature might be a protective factor against PROM in Xinxiang, China. Given the adverse consequences of PROM and concerns over global climate change, pregnant women should take special precautions in summer when there are sudden increases in temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Jianguo Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Erhui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Mengxue Lu
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhen An
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Huijun Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Dongqun Xu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Air Pollution Health Effects and Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Mortality Related to Cold Temperatures in Two Capitals of the Baltics: Tallinn and Riga. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55080429. [PMID: 31382432 PMCID: PMC6723676 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55080429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Despite global warming, the climate in Northern Europe is generally cold, and the large number of deaths due to non-optimal temperatures is likely due to cold temperatures. The aim of the current study is to investigate the association between cold temperatures and all-cause mortality, as well as cause-specific mortality, in Tallinn and Riga in North-Eastern Europe. Materials and Methods: We used daily information on deaths from state death registries and minimum temperatures from November to March over the period 1997-2015 in Tallinn and 2009-2015 in Riga. The relationship between the daily minimum temperature and mortality was investigated using the Poisson regression, combined with a distributed lag non-linear model considering lag times of up to 21 days. Results: We found significantly higher all-cause mortality owing to cold temperatures both in Tallinn (Relative Risk (RR) = 1.28, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.01-1.62) and in Riga (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.11-1.79). In addition, significantly increased mortality due to cold temperatures was observed in the 75+ age group (RR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.17-2.31) and in cardiovascular mortality (RR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.31-2.55) in Tallinn and in the under 75 age group in Riga (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.12-2.22). In this study, we found no statistically significant relationship between mortality due to respiratory or external causes and cold days. The cold-related attributable fraction (AF) was 7.4% (95% CI -3.7-17.5) in Tallinn and 8.3% (95% CI -0.5-16.3) in Riga. This indicates that a relatively large proportion of deaths in cold periods can be related to cold in North-Eastern Europe, where winters are relatively harsh.
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Luo Q, Li S, Guo Y, Han X, Jaakkola JJK. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between daily mean temperature and mortality in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 173:281-299. [PMID: 30928859 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We summarized the evidence on the effects of heat and cold exposures on mortality in China. We included studies published on this topic in both Chinese and English, thereby filling a gap in knowledge using data from a country that consists of one-fifth of the world's population. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed studies on the association between daily mean temperature and mortality published from 2001 up to July 2018. We searched one Chinese database (China National Knowledge infrastructure, http://www.cnki.net) and three English databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). We converted the effect estimates of heat/cold to rate ratios (RRs) associated with 1° increase/decrease beyond the heat/cold reference temperatures. For studies that provided lag-specific estimates, we used both the maximum and minimum of RR estimates. We calculated summary effect estimates for all-cause and cause-specific mortalities, as well as RRs stratified by sex, age, and socioeconomic status. We also investigated patterns of heat and cold adaptation at different latitudes, and at different reference temperatures. RESULTS In total, 45 articles were included in this systematic review. For every 1° temperature increase/decrease beyond reference points, the rate of non-accidental mortality increased by 2% (RR, 1.02; 95% confidence interval (95% CI [1.01-1.02]) for heat and 4% (RR, 1.04; 95% CI [1.03-1.04]) for cold, respectively; the rate of cardiovascular mortality increased 3% (RR, 1.03; 95% CI [1.03-1.04]) for heat and 6% (RR, 1.06; 95% CI [1.04-1.07]) for cold; the rate of respiratory mortality increased 2% (RR, 1.02; 95% CI [1.01-1.03]) for heat and 2% (RR, 1.02; 95% CI [1.00-1.04]) for cold; the rate of cerebrovascular mortality increased 2% (RR, 1.02; 95% CI [1.02-1.03]) for heat and 3% (RR, 1.03; 95% CI [1.02-1.04]) for cold. We identified a variation in optimal temperature range related to latitude of the residential area, and differences in people's capability to adapt to heat versus cold. CONCLUSION We found consistent evidence of the association between temperature and mortality, as well as evidence of patterns in human adaptation, and we discussed the implications of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlai Luo
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Shanshan Li
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuemei Han
- NatureServe, 4600 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia, 22203, USA
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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