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Hager-Mair FF, Bloch S, Schäffer C. Glycolanguage of the oral microbiota. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024; 39:291-320. [PMID: 38515284 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The oral cavity harbors a diverse and dynamic bacterial biofilm community which is pivotal to oral health maintenance and, if turning dysbiotic, can contribute to various diseases. Glycans as unsurpassed carriers of biological information are participating in underlying processes that shape oral health and disease. Bacterial glycoinfrastructure-encompassing compounds as diverse as glycoproteins, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), cell wall glycopolymers, and exopolysaccharides-is well known to influence bacterial fitness, with direct effects on bacterial physiology, immunogenicity, lifestyle, and interaction and colonization capabilities. Thus, understanding oral bacterias' glycoinfrastructure and encoded glycolanguage is key to elucidating their pathogenicity mechanisms and developing targeted strategies for therapeutic intervention. Driven by their known immunological role, most research in oral glycobiology has been directed onto LPSs, whereas, recently, glycoproteins have been gaining increased interest. This review draws a multifaceted picture of the glycolanguage, with a focus on glycoproteins, manifested in prominent oral bacteria, such as streptococci, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. We first define the characteristics of the different glycoconjugate classes and then summarize the current status of knowledge of the structural diversity of glycoconjugates produced by oral bacteria, describe governing biosynthetic pathways, and list biological roles of these energetically costly compounds. Additionally, we highlight emerging research on the unraveling impact of oral glycoinfrastructure on dental caries, periodontitis, and systemic conditions. By integrating current knowledge and identifying knowledge gaps, this review underscores the importance of studying the glycolanguage oral bacteria speak to advance our understanding of oral microbiology and develop novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona F Hager-Mair
- Department of Chemistry, NanoGlycobiology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, NanoGlycobiology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Schäffer
- Department of Chemistry, NanoGlycobiology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Parveen S, Alqahtani AS, Aljabri MY, Bajonaid A, Khan SS, Hassan AAHAA, Dawood T. Nationwide exploration: assessing oral microbiome knowledge among dental professionals in Saudi Arabia and its implications for oral health care. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1028. [PMID: 39217310 PMCID: PMC11366131 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the microbiome and oral health is intricate, yet there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the microbiome's impact on oral health. Integrating knowledge regarding the oral microbiome and its significance in oral and systemic diseases holds profound implications for dental professionals in patient care and professional development. This study assessed dental professionals' oral microbiome comprehension and knowledge levels in Saudi Arabia and its implications for oral healthcare. METHODS Data were gathered using a cross-sectional design by administering a comprehensive online questionnaire to 253 dental professionals from diverse demographic backgrounds. The questionnaire, administered in English, was divided into four sections: (1) Microbiome awareness and understanding, (2) Diet, nutrition, and microbiome relationship, (3) Microbiome and oral and systemic diseases, and (4) Counselling, education, and implications. Statistical analyses were used to identify and understand underlying patterns, including descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, ANOVA, and post hoc tests. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was applied to assess self-rated knowledge. RESULTS Of the 253 participants, 94.6% were familiar with the term "microbiome." Merely 13% of participants considered the oral microbiome to be the second most diverse, following the gut microbiome. About 39.9% of participants knew the connection between oral mucosal diseases and the oral microbiome. Furthermore, only 6.7% thought there was a connection between systemic diseases and the oral microbiome. Participant comprehension of oral microbiome questions averaged 9.19 out of 13, with 83.7% scoring "good". There were significant differences in knowledge scores among dental specializations (F = 7.082, P < 0.001) and years of professional experience (F = 4.755, P = 0.003). Significantly, 53.8% of participants had uncertain self-perceptions of their knowledge of the oral microbiome, while only 0.8% rated their understanding as 'very good'. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that dental professionals have varying levels of awareness and comprehension of the oral microbiome. Despite widespread awareness, understanding its diversity and implications for oral and systemic health remains limited. It is essential to address these gaps in knowledge through future research and educational interventions, considering the vital part that dental professionals play in promoting oral health through personalised dietary recommendations, lifestyle changes, and hygiene practices. These initiatives may promote a robust oral microbial community, enhance patient outcomes, and advance oral healthcare locally and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameena Parveen
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Shaher Alqahtani
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Aljabri
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Bajonaid
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Saeed Khan
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tazeen Dawood
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Tanwar H, Gnanasekaran JM, Allison D, Chuang LS, He X, Aimetti M, Baima G, Costalonga M, Cross RK, Sears C, Mehandru S, Cho J, Colombel JF, Raufman JP, Thumbigere-Math V. Unravelling the Oral-Gut Axis: Interconnection Between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Current Challenges, and Future Perspective. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:1319-1341. [PMID: 38417137 PMCID: PMC11324343 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
As the opposite ends of the orodigestive tract, the oral cavity and the intestine share anatomical, microbial, and immunological ties that have bidirectional health implications. A growing body of evidence suggests an interconnection between oral pathologies and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], implying a shift from the traditional concept of independent diseases to a complex, reciprocal cycle. This review outlines the evidence supporting an 'oral-gut' axis, marked by a higher prevalence of periodontitis and other oral conditions in IBD patients and vice versa. We present an in-depth examination of the interconnection between oral pathologies and IBD, highlighting the shared microbiological and immunological pathways, and proposing a 'multi-hit' hypothesis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-mediated intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical need for a collaborative approach between dentists and gastroenterologists to provide holistic oral-systemic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Tanwar
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Devon Allison
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ling-shiang Chuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Raymond K Cross
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Teles FRF, Chandrasekaran G, Martin L, Patel M, Kallan MJ, Furquim C, Hamza T, Cucchiara AJ, Kantarci A, Urquhart O, Sugai J, Giannobile WV. Salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers during periodontitis progression and after treatment. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39104016 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM To identify serum- and salivary-derived inflammatory biomarkers of periodontitis progression and determine their response to non-surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periodontally healthy (H; n = 113) and periodontitis patients (P; n = 302) were monitored bi-monthly for 1 year without therapy. Periodontitis patients were re-examined 6 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Participants were classified according to disease progression: P0 (no sites progressed; P1: 1-2 sites progressed; P2: 3 or more sites progressed). Ten salivary and five serum biomarkers were measured using Luminex. Log-transformed levels were compared over time according to baseline diagnosis, progression trajectory and after NSPT. Significant differences were sought using linear mixed models. RESULTS P2 presented higher levels (p < .05) of salivary IFNγ, IL-6, VEGF, IL-1β, MMP-8, IL-10 and OPG over time. Serum analytes were not associated with progression. NSPT led to clinical improvement and significant reduction of IFNγ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, MMP-8, IL-10, OPG and MMP-9 in saliva and of CRP, MMP-8, MMP-9 and MPO in serum. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis progression results from a sustained pro-inflammatory milieu that is reflected in salivary biomarkers, but less so in serum, likely because of the limited amount of progression per patient. NSPT can significantly decrease the levels of several salivary analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R F Teles
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry (CiPD), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ganesh Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lynn Martin
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michele Patel
- Multiplex Core, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Kallan
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CCEB), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Camila Furquim
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tahir Hamza
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Cucchiara
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CCEB), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Multiplex Core, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olivia Urquhart
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Integrative Global Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Sugai
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William V Giannobile
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Rocha CM, Kawamoto D, Martins FH, Bueno MR, Ishikawa KH, Ando-Suguimoto ES, Carlucci AR, Arroteia LS, Casarin RV, Saraiva L, Simionato MRL, Mayer MPA. Experimental Inoculation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus gordonii and Its Impact on Alveolar Bone Loss and Oral and Gut Microbiomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8090. [PMID: 39125663 PMCID: PMC11312116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral bacteria are implicated not only in oral diseases but also in gut dysbiosis and inflammatory conditions throughout the body. The periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) often occurs in complex oral biofilms with Streptococcus gordonii (Sg), and this interaction might influence the pathogenic potential of this pathogen. This study aims to assess the impact of oral inoculation with Aa, Sg, and their association (Aa+Sg) on alveolar bone loss, oral microbiome, and their potential effects on intestinal health in a murine model. Sg and/or Aa were orally administered to C57Bl/6 mice, three times per week, for 4 weeks. Aa was also injected into the gingiva three times during the initial experimental week. After 30 days, alveolar bone loss, expression of genes related to inflammation and mucosal permeability in the intestine, serum LPS levels, and the composition of oral and intestinal microbiomes were determined. Alveolar bone resorption was detected in Aa, Sg, and Aa+Sg groups, although Aa bone levels did not differ from that of the SHAM-inoculated group. Il-1β expression was upregulated in the Aa group relative to the other infected groups, while Il-6 expression was downregulated in infected groups. Aa or Sg downregulated the expression of tight junction genes Cldn 1, Cldn 2, Ocdn, and Zo-1 whereas infection with Aa+Sg led to their upregulation, except for Cldn 1. Aa was detected in the oral biofilm of the Aa+Sg group but not in the gut. Infections altered oral and gut microbiomes. The oral biofilm of the Aa group showed increased abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, and Alloprevotella, while Sg administration enhanced the abundance of Alloprevotella and Rothia. The gut microbiome of infected groups showed reduced abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae. Infection with Aa or Sg disrupts both oral and gut microbiomes, impacting oral and gut homeostasis. While the combination of Aa with Sg promotes Aa survival in the oral cavity, it mitigates the adverse effects of Aa in the gut, suggesting a beneficial role of Sg associations in gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Medeiros Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Dione Kawamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
| | - Fernando Henrique Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuela Rocha Bueno
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
- Division of Periodontics, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin H. Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
| | - Ellen Sayuri Ando-Suguimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
| | - Aline Ramos Carlucci
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
| | - Leticia Sandoli Arroteia
- Department of Prosthesis and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (R.V.C.)
| | - Renato V. Casarin
- Department of Prosthesis and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (R.V.C.)
| | - Luciana Saraiva
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Regina Lorenzetti Simionato
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
| | - Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (C.M.R.); (D.K.); (F.H.M.); (M.R.B.); (K.H.I.); (E.S.A.-S.); (A.R.C.); (M.R.L.S.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
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Milleman KR, Deener G, Milleman JL, Mish B, Schuller R, Mynarcik D. A proof of principle investigation of a novel enzyme formulation on dental calculus deposition: a 4-week randomized human clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:720. [PMID: 38909189 PMCID: PMC11193251 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dissolution of dental calculus, safely and at home, is among the more challenging issues facing the over-the-counter healthcare industry. Pontis Biologics, Inc. has developed novel model of calculus development and structure and has formulated a dentifrice (Tartarase™) using digestive enzymes as active ingredients that is shown to dissolve dental calculus in this Proof of Principle clinical trial. METHODS This investigation was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel enzyme formulation to remove existing calculus deposits in 4 weeks, measured using the Volpe-Manhold Index (V-MI) on lingual surfaces of 6 lower anterior teeth. The test formulation was compared to Crest Cavity Protection, as a control dentifrice. A total of 40 randomized test subjects began the study with 20 assigned to the control dentifrice and 20 assigned to the Tartarase groups (ten each, one brushing with Tartarase twice daily and one brushed with Tartarase and wore a dental tray filled with Tartarase for 30 min then brushed again with Tartarase, once daily). RESULTS The Crest group experienced a 12% increase in calculus, in contrast to the results of both Tartarase groups that experienced a 40% reduction in calculus in 4 weeks of unsupervised at home use of the Tartarase toothpaste formulation. CONCLUSIONS This proof of principle study demonstrates that a dentifrice, formulated along the lines of the Tartarase material, is capable of combating calculus accumulation using the same oral hygiene habits that are common worldwide. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered retrospectively at clinicaltrials.gov and has the Unique Identification Number: NCT06139835, 14/11/2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greg Deener
- Pontis Biologics, Inc., Long Island High Technology Incubator, 25 Health Sciences Dr., Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Jeffery L Milleman
- Salus Research, Inc., 1220-4 Medical Park Dr., Fort Wayne, IN, 46825, USA
| | - Barbara Mish
- Pontis Biologics, Inc., Long Island High Technology Incubator, 25 Health Sciences Dr., Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Reinhard Schuller
- Reinhard Schuller Consulting, 37 Poplar Heights Dr., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennis Mynarcik
- Pontis Biologics, Inc., Long Island High Technology Incubator, 25 Health Sciences Dr., Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA.
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Schäffer C, Andrukhov O. The intriguing strategies of Tannerella forsythia's host interaction. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1434217. [PMID: 38872984 PMCID: PMC11169705 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1434217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tannerella forsythia, a member of the "red complex" bacteria implicated in severe periodontitis, employs various survival strategies and virulence factors to interact with the host. It thrives as a late colonizer in the oral biofilm, relying on its unique adaptation mechanisms for persistence. Essential to its survival are the type 9 protein secretion system and O-glycosylation of proteins, crucial for host interaction and immune evasion. Virulence factors of T. forsythia, including sialidase and proteases, facilitate its pathogenicity by degrading host glycoproteins and proteins, respectively. Moreover, cell surface glycoproteins like the S-layer and BspA modulate host responses and bacterial adherence, influencing colonization and tissue invasion. Outer membrane vesicles and lipopolysaccharides further induce inflammatory responses, contributing to periodontal tissue destruction. Interactions with specific host cell types, including epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes macrophages, and mesenchymal stromal cells, highlight the multifaceted nature of T. forsythia's pathogenicity. Notably, it can invade epithelial cells and impair PMN function, promoting dysregulated inflammation and bacterial survival. Comparative studies with periodontitis-associated Porphyromonas gingivalis reveal differences in protease activity and immune modulation, suggesting distinct roles in disease progression. T. forsythia's potential to influence oral antimicrobial defense through protease-mediated degradation and interactions with other bacteria underscores its significance in periodontal disease pathogenesis. However, understanding T. forsythia's precise role in host-microbiome interactions and its classification as a keystone pathogen requires further investigation. Challenges in translating research data stem from the complexity of the oral microbiome and biofilm dynamics, necessitating comprehensive studies to elucidate its clinical relevance and therapeutic implications in periodontitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schäffer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, NanoGlycobiology Research Group, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Wang J, Liu C, Cutler J, Ivanovski S, Lee RS, Han P. Microbial- and host immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis and therapy of periodontitis: A narrative review. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38758729 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dysbiotic biofilms and destructive host immune responses. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are circulating nanoparticles released by microbes and host cells involved in cell-to-cell communication, found in body biofluids, such as saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). EVs are mainly involved in cell-to-cell communication, and may hold promise for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Periodontal research has examined the potential involvement of bacterial- and host-cell-derived EVs in disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy, but data remains scarce on immune cell- or microbial-derived EVs. In this narrative review, we first provide an overview of the role of microbial and host-derived EVs on disease pathogenesis. Recent studies reveal that Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can activate inflammatory cytokine release in host cells, while M1 macrophage EVs may contribute to bone loss. Additionally, we summarised current in vitro and pre-clinical research on the utilisation of immune cell and microbial-derived EVs as potential therapeutic tools in the context of periodontal treatment. Studies indicate that EVs from M2 macrophages and dendritic cells promote bone regeneration in animal models. While bacterial EVs remain underexplored for periodontal therapy, preliminary research suggests that P. gingivalis OMVs hold promise as vaccine candidates. Finally, we acknowledge the current limitations present in the field of translating immune cell derived EVs and microbial derived EVs in periodontology. It is concluded that microbial and host immune cell-derived EVs have a role in periodontitis pathogenesis and hence may be useful for studying disease pathophysiology, and as diagnostic and treatment monitoring biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Wang
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason Cutler
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ryan Sb Lee
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pingping Han
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Zhao D, Li MH, Pan T, Guo J, Li J, Shi C, Wang N, Huang H, Wang C, Yang G. Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y. [PMID: 38607584 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the oral cavity caused by a mixed infection of various bacteria, which not only severely affects the alveolar bone and connective tissues but also displays potential correlations with distal intestinal inflammation. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 on experimental periodontitis in rats and its impact on intestinal morphology. The results demonstrate that CA119 is capable of colonizing the oral cavity and exerting antagonistic effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, thus leading to a significant reduction in the oral pathogen load. Following CA119 intervention, there was a significant alleviation of weight loss in rats induced by periodontitis (P < 0.001). CA119 also regulated the expression of IL-6 (P < 0.05), IL-1β (P < 0.001), IL-18 (P < 0.001), COX-2 (P < 0.001), iNOS (P < 0.001), and MCP-1 (P < 0.01) in the gingival tissue. Additionally, CA119 reduced oxidative stress levels in rats and enhanced their antioxidant capacity. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis revealed that CA119 significantly reduced alveolar bone loss and reversed the downregulation of OPG/RANKL (P < 0.001). Furthermore, CA119 exhibited a significant protective effect against intestinal inflammation induced by periodontal disease and improved the colonic morphology in rats. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the role of CA119 as a potential oral probiotic in the prevention and treatment of experimental periodontitis, underscoring the potential of probiotics as a complementary approach to traditional periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming-Han Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianxu Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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10
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Kim TS, Ikeuchi T, Theofilou VI, Williams DW, Greenwell-Wild T, June A, Adade EE, Li L, Abusleme L, Dutzan N, Yuan Y, Brenchley L, Bouladoux N, Sakamachi Y, Palmer RJ, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Trinchieri G, Garantziotis S, Belkaid Y, Valm AM, Diaz PI, Holland SM, Moutsopoulos NM. Epithelial-derived interleukin-23 promotes oral mucosal immunopathology. Immunity 2024; 57:859-875.e11. [PMID: 38513665 PMCID: PMC11058479 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
At mucosal surfaces, epithelial cells provide a structural barrier and an immune defense system. However, dysregulated epithelial responses can contribute to disease states. Here, we demonstrated that epithelial cell-intrinsic production of interleukin-23 (IL-23) triggers an inflammatory loop in the prevalent oral disease periodontitis. Epithelial IL-23 expression localized to areas proximal to the disease-associated microbiome and was evident in experimental models and patients with common and genetic forms of disease. Mechanistically, flagellated microbial species of the periodontitis microbiome triggered epithelial IL-23 induction in a TLR5 receptor-dependent manner. Therefore, unlike other Th17-driven diseases, non-hematopoietic-cell-derived IL-23 served as an initiator of pathogenic inflammation in periodontitis. Beyond periodontitis, analysis of publicly available datasets revealed the expression of epithelial IL-23 in settings of infection, malignancy, and autoimmunity, suggesting a broader role for epithelial-intrinsic IL-23 in human disease. Collectively, this work highlights an important role for the barrier epithelium in the induction of IL-23-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sung Kim
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vasileios Ionas Theofilou
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Drake Winslow Williams
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Teresa Greenwell-Wild
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Armond June
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Emmanuel E Adade
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12210, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Loreto Abusleme
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Dutzan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yao Yuan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laurie Brenchley
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yosuke Sakamachi
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Robert J Palmer
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex M Valm
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12210, USA
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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11
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Radu CM, Radu CC, Arbănaşi EM, Hogea T, Murvai VR, Chiș IA, Zaha DC. Exploring the Efficacy of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Periodontitis: A Literature Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38672739 PMCID: PMC11050937 DOI: 10.3390/life14040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent oral condition, is facing difficulties in therapeutic approaches, sometimes leading to failure. This literature review was conducted to investigate the diversity of other therapeutic approaches and their potential contributions to the successful management of the disease. This research scrutinized the alterations in microbial diversity and imbalances in crucial microbial species, which contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Within the limitations of this study, we highlight the importance of understanding the treatment plan's role in periodontitis disease, opening the way for further research and innovative treatment plans to mitigate the impact of periodontitis on oral health. This will aid both healthcare professionals and patients in preventing and effectively treating periodontitis, ultimately improving oral health outcomes and overall systemic health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra-Maria Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Corina Radu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Emil-Marian Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mureș County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timur Hogea
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Viorela Romina Murvai
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana-Andreea Chiș
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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12
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Pham C, Guo S, Han X, Coleman L, Sze CW, Wang H, Liu J, Li C. A pleiotropic role of sialidase in the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0034423. [PMID: 38376159 PMCID: PMC10929438 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00344-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the keystone pathogens of periodontitis, the oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis produces an array of virulence factors, including a recently identified sialidase (PG0352). Our previous report involving loss-of-function studies indicated that PG0352 plays an important role in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis. However, this report had not been corroborated by gain-of-function studies or substantiated in different P. gingivalis strains. To fill these gaps, herein we first confirm the role of PG0352 in cell surface structures (e.g., capsule) and serum resistance using P. gingivalis W83 strain through genetic complementation and then recapitulate these studies using P. gingivalis ATCC33277 strain. We further investigate the role of PG0352 and its counterpart (PGN1608) in ATCC33277 in cell growth, biofilm formation, neutrophil killing, cell invasion, and P. gingivalis-induced inflammation. Our results indicate that PG0352 and PGN1608 are implicated in P. gingivalis cell surface structures, hydrophobicity, biofilm formation, resistance to complement and neutrophil killing, and host immune responses. Possible molecular mechanisms involved are also discussed. In summary, this report underscores the importance of sialidases in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis and opens an avenue to elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Pham
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Laurynn Coleman
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ching Wooen Sze
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chunhao Li
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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13
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Ben Cheikh Y, Massol F, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Travers MA. Impact of epizootics on mussel farms: Insights into microbiota composition of Mytilus species. Microbiol Res 2024; 280:127593. [PMID: 38184970 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Outbreaks of marine mussel mortality on French farms could have different aetiologies. One of them implies Vibrio splendidus strains. Beyond the involvement of this pathogen, there is considerable evidence that diseases often result from interactions between several microbes and the host. In this study, we explored the bacterial communities associated with mussel species and the surrounding water collected from a mussel farm affected by mortalities. The microbiota of Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and their hybrids displayed an abnormal abundance of Proteobacteria, in particular the genera Vibrio, Cobetia and Arcobacter. Despite the dysbiosis, the Mediterranean mussel showed a different microbiota profile with a higher richness and presence of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Bipartite network analyses at the level of bacteria families confirmed this finding and showed that the microbiomes of M. edulis and the hybrids tended to cluster together. In addition, injection of mussels with the virulent V. splendidus induced less mortality rate in M. galloprovincialis compared to the other Mytilus sp. suggesting a better resistance of the Mediterranean mussel to infection. Our findings point to a probable aetiology of pathobiome-mediated disease in mussels. To fully understand this phenomenon, more knowledge is needed on the roles of pathobiotic systems and their development during disease establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Ben Cheikh
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, Cedex 76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - François Massol
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Giusti-Petrucciani
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, Cedex 76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Travers
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-34090 Montpellier, France
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14
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Parolina de Carvalho RD, de Andrade Moreno J, Roque SM, Chan DCH, Torrez WB, Stipp RN, Bueno-Silva B, de Lima PO, Cogo-Müller K. Statins and oral biofilm: Simvastatin as a promising drug to control periodontal dysbiosis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:669-680. [PMID: 36416468 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated antimicrobial activity of atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin against oral bacteria, and the interaction of simvastatin with standard antimicrobials (amoxicillin and metronidazole). METHODS Minimal inhibitory concentration assays were performed with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii; checkerboard microdilution assays between simvastatin and standard antimicrobials; monospecies and multispecies biofilms. RESULTS Simvastatin showed the best antimicrobial activity against most species (MIC range from 3.12 to 25 μg/ml), highlighting the sensitivity of P. gingivalis. In the checkerboard assay, synergistic interaction was found between simvastatin and amoxicillin against S. oralis and S. sanguinis. P. gingivalis biofilm was inhibited by simvastatin at 10 and 50× Minimal inhibitory concentration, with similar effects to metronidazole. For multispecies biofilm, SMV reduced the biofilm metabolic activity (79%) and total counts (87%), comparable to amoxicillin. Simvastatin also reduced bacterial counts of Veilonnella parvula, P. gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, P. intermedia, and Capnocytophaga ochracea in the multispecies biofilm. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against oral bacteria and may contribute to the control of dysbiosis, and may be considered in clinical studies as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sindy Magri Roque
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cheuk Hong Chan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Willy Bustillos Torrez
- Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos (UNG), Guarulhos, Brazil
- Research department, Universidad Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Rafael Nóbrega Stipp
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos (UNG), Guarulhos, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Cogo-Müller
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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15
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Shenker BJ, Korostoff J, Walker LP, Zekavat A, Dhingra A, Kim TJ, Boesze-Battaglia K. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cytolethal Distending Toxin Induces Cellugyrin-(Synaptogyrin 2) Dependent Cellular Senescence in Oral Keratinocytes. Pathogens 2024; 13:155. [PMID: 38392893 PMCID: PMC10892517 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that oral-epithelial cells (OE) are unique in their response to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) in that cell cycle arrest (G2/M) occurs without leading to apoptosis. We now demonstrate that Cdt-induced cell cycle arrest in OE has a duration of at least 7 days with no change in viability. Moreover, toxin-treated OE develops a new phenotype consistent with cellular senescence; this includes increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and accumulation of the lipopigment, lipofuscin. Moreover, the cells exhibit a secretory profile associated with cellular senescence known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which includes IL-6, IL-8 and RANKL. Another unique feature of Cdt-induced OE senescence is disruption of barrier function, as shown by loss of transepithelial electrical resistance and confocal microscopic assessment of primary gingival keratinocyte structure. Finally, we demonstrate that Cdt-induced senescence is dependent upon the host cell protein cellugyrin, a homologue of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptogyrin. Collectively, these observations point to a novel pathogenic outcome in oral epithelium that we propose contributes to both A. actinomycetemcomitans infection and periodontal disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J. Shenker
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.P.W.); (A.Z.); (A.D.); (K.B.-B.)
| | - Jonathan Korostoff
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.); (T.J.K.)
| | - Lisa P. Walker
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.P.W.); (A.Z.); (A.D.); (K.B.-B.)
| | - Ali Zekavat
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.P.W.); (A.Z.); (A.D.); (K.B.-B.)
| | - Anuradha Dhingra
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.P.W.); (A.Z.); (A.D.); (K.B.-B.)
| | - Taewan J. Kim
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.); (T.J.K.)
| | - Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.P.W.); (A.Z.); (A.D.); (K.B.-B.)
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16
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Mastellos DC, Hajishengallis G, Lambris JD. A guide to complement biology, pathology and therapeutic opportunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:118-141. [PMID: 37670180 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Complement has long been considered a key innate immune effector system that mediates host defence and tissue homeostasis. Yet, growing evidence has illuminated a broader involvement of complement in fundamental biological processes extending far beyond its traditional realm in innate immunity. Complement engages in intricate crosstalk with multiple pattern-recognition and signalling pathways both in the extracellular and intracellular space. Besides modulating host-pathogen interactions, this crosstalk guides early developmental processes and distinct cell trajectories, shaping tissue immunometabolic and regenerative programmes in different physiological systems. This Review provides a guide to the system-wide functions of complement. It highlights illustrative paradigm shifts that have reshaped our understanding of complement pathobiology, drawing examples from evolution, development of the central nervous system, tissue regeneration and cancer immunity. Despite its tight spatiotemporal regulation, complement activation can be derailed, fuelling inflammatory tissue pathology. The pervasive contribution of complement to disease pathophysiology has inspired a resurgence of complement therapeutics with major clinical developments, some of which have challenged long-held dogmas. We thus highlight major therapeutic concepts and milestones in clinical complement intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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17
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Arora A, Singh M, Saini V, Mehta D, Safwan SM, Pandey N, Verma V, Bajaj A. Cholic Acid-Derived Gemini Amphiphile Can Eradicate Interkingdom Polymicrobial Biofilms and Wound Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:138-154. [PMID: 38146853 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm infections are mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) like Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungi like Candida albicans. These infections are responsible for antimicrobial tolerance, and commensal interactions of these microbes pose a severe threat to chronic infections. Treatment therapies against biofilm infections are limited to eradicating only 20-30% of infections. Here, we present the synthesis of a series of bile acid-derived molecules using lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid where two bile acid molecules are tethered through 3'-hydroxyl or 24'-carboxyl terminals with varying spacer length (trimethylene, pentamethylene, octamethylene, and dodecamethylene). Our structure-activity relationship investigations revealed that G21, a cholic acid-derived gemini amphiphile having trimethylene spacer tethered through the C24 position, is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. Biochemical studies witnessed that G21 interacts with negatively charged lipoteichoic acid, lipopolysaccharide, and phosphatidylcholine moieties of GPB, GNB, and fungi and disrupts the microbial cell membranes. We further demonstrated that G21 can eradicate polymicrobial biofilms and wound infections and prevent bacteria and fungi from developing drug resistance. Therefore, our findings revealed the potential of G21 as a versatile antimicrobial agent capable of effectively targeting polymicrobial biofilms and wound infections, suggesting that it is a promising antimicrobial agent for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Mohit Singh
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Varsha Saini
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sayed M Safwan
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Nishant Pandey
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
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Li Z, Huang Q, Wang Z, Huang L, Gu L. Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on Modeling Subgingival Microbiome and Impairment of Oral Epithelial Barrier. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:262-272. [PMID: 37855446 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an exemplar of dysbiosis associated with the coordinated action of multiple members within the microbial consortium. The polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis hypothesis proposes a dynamic host-microbiome balance, with certain modulators capable of disrupting eubiosis and driving shifts towards dysbiosis within the community. However, these factors remain to be explored. We established a Porphyromonas gingivalis- or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-modified subgingival microbiome model and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans altered the microbiome structure and composition indicated by α and β diversity metrics. P. gingivalis increased the subgingival dysbiosis index (SDI), while A. actinomycetemcomitans resulted in a lower SDI. Furthermore, P. gingivalis-stimulated microbiomes compromised epithelium function and reduced expression of tight junction proteins, whereas A. actinomycetemcomitans yielded mild effects. In conclusion, by inoculating P. gingivalis, we created dysbiotic microcosm biofilms in vitro resembling periodontitis-related subgingival microbiota, exhibiting enhanced dysbiosis and impaired epithelium integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijia Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Gu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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Li QL, Wu YX, Zhang YX, Mao J, Zhang ZX. Enhancing osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells during inflammation using UPPE/β-TCP/TTC composites via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1527-1537. [PMID: 38179095 PMCID: PMC10763654 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis can lead to defects in the alveolar bone, thus increasing the demand for dependable biomaterials to repair these defects. This study aims to examine the pro-osteogenic and anti-bacterial properties of UPPE/β-TCP/TTC composites (composed of unsaturated polyphosphoester [UPPE], β-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP], and tetracycline [TTC]) under an inflammatory condition. The morphology of MC3T3-E1 cells on the composite was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The toxicity of the composite to MC3T3-E1 cells was assessed using the Alamar-blue assay. The pro-osteogenic potential of the composite was assessed through ALP staining, ARS staining, RT-PCR, and WB. The antimicrobial properties of the composite were assessed using the zone inhibition assay. The results suggest that: (1) MC3T3-E1 cells exhibited stable adhesion to the surfaces of all four composite groups; (2) the UPPE/β-TCP/TTC composite demonstrated significantly lower toxicity to MC3T3-E1 cells; and (3) the UPPE/β-TCP/TTC composite had the most pronounced pro-osteogenic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the WNT/β-catenin pathway and displaying superior antibacterial properties. UPPE/β-TCP/TTC, as a biocomposite, has been shown to possess antibacterial properties and exhibit excellent potential in facilitating osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Ya-Xin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Zhi-Xing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 China
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20
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Gonzalez OA, Kirakodu S, Nguyen L, Ebersole JL. Macrophage-related gingival transcriptomic patterns and microbiome alterations in experimental periodontitis in nonhuman primates. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1148-1170. [PMID: 37610132 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the microbiome features specifically related to host macrophage polarization in health, initiation and progression of periodontitis, and in resolution samples using a nonhuman primate model of ligature-induced periodontitis. BACKGROUND The oral microbiome is a complex of bacterial phyla, genera, and species acquired early in life into the individual autochthonous oral ecology. The microbiome changes overtime in response to both intrinsic and extrinsic stressors, and transitions to a dysbiotic ecology at sites of periodontal lesions. METHODS Comparisons were made between the microbial and host features in young (≤7 years) and adult (≥12 years) cohorts of animals. Footprints of macrophage-related genes in the gingival tissues were evaluated using expression profiles including M0, M1, and M2 related genes. RESULTS Within the gingival tissues, similar macrophage-related gene patterns were observed with significant increases with disease initiation and continued elevation throughout disease in both age groups. Approximately, 70% of the taxa were similar in relative abundance between the two groups; however, the adults showed a large number of OTUs that were significantly altered compared with the younger animals. Developing a correlation map identified three major node levels of interactions that comprised approximately ⅓ of the Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) that dominated the microbiomes across the samples. Also noted was a much greater frequency of significant correlations of individual OTUs with the macrophage phenotype markers, compared with disease and resolution samples in both age groups, with a greater frequency in the younger group. Moreover, these correlations were assigned to differentially expressed genes representing M0, M1, and M2-related phenotypes. A cluster analyses across the macrophage-related transcriptome and the OTUs demonstrated multiple somewhat distinct bacterial consortia, incorporating both commensal and putative pathogens, linked to the gene responses that differed in health, disease, and resolution samples. Finally, there were minimal alterations in the OTUs in individual clusters with specific macrophage-related responses in the younger group, while in the adult samples substantial variations were noted with genes from all macrophage phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed important features that could reflect macrophage polarization in periodontal lesions, and provided some initial data supporting specific members of the oral microbiome feature prominently related to specific gene response patterns consistent with macrophages in the gingival tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - S Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - L Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - J L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
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21
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Hernández Martínez CDJ, Felix Silva P, Salvador SL, Messora M, Palioto DB. Chronological analysis of periodontal bone loss in experimental periodontitis in mice. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:1009-1020. [PMID: 37997536 PMCID: PMC10728515 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontal disease is understood to be a result of dysbiotic interactions between the host and the biofilm, causing a unique reaction for each individual, which in turn characterizes their susceptibility. The objective of this study was to chronologically evaluate periodontal tissue destruction induced by systemic bacterial challenge in known susceptible (BALB/c) and resistant (C57BL/6) mouse lineages. MATERIAL AND METHODS Animals, 6-8 weeks old, were allocated into three experimental groups: Negative control (C), Gavage with sterile carboxymethyl cellulose 2%-without bacteria (Sham), and Gavage with carboxymethyl cellulose 2% + Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-W83). Before infection, all animals received antibiotic treatment (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 400/80 mg/5 mL) for 7 days, followed by 3 days of rest. Microbial challenge was performed 3 times per week for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. After that, the animals were kept until the completion of 42 days of experiments, when they were euthanized. The alveolar bone microarchitecture was assessed by computed microtomography. RESULTS Both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice exhibited significant bone volume loss and lower trabecular thickness as well as greater bone porosity compared to the (C) and (Sham) groups after 1 week of microbial challenge (p < .001). When comparing only the gavage groups regarding disease implantation, time and lineage, it was possible to observe that within 1 week of induction the disease was more established in BALB/c than in C57BL/6 (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our results reflected that after 1 week of microbial challenge, there was evidence of alveolar bone loss for both lineages, with the loss observed in BALB/c mice being more pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhiam de J. Hernández Martínez
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto Dental SchoolUniversity of Sao Paulo—USPRibeirão Preto SPBrazil
| | - Pedro Felix Silva
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto Dental SchoolUniversity of Sao Paulo—USPRibeirão Preto SPBrazil
| | - Sergio L. Salvador
- Department of Clinical Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao Paulo—USPRibeirão Preto SPBrazil
| | - Michel Messora
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto Dental SchoolUniversity of Sao Paulo—USPRibeirão Preto SPBrazil
| | - Daniela B. Palioto
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto Dental SchoolUniversity of Sao Paulo—USPRibeirão Preto SPBrazil
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22
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Hammad MI, Conrads G, Abdelbary MMH. Isolation, identification, and significance of salivary Veillonella spp., Prevotella spp., and Prevotella salivae in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1278582. [PMID: 38053528 PMCID: PMC10694262 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1278582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is on the rise, prompting significant attention from researchers worldwide. IBD entails chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestinal tract, characterized by alternating flares and remissions. Through high-throughput sequencing, numerous studies have unveiled a potential microbial signature for IBD patients showing intestinal enrichment of oral-associated bacteria. Simultaneously, the oral microbiome can be perturbed by intestinal inflammation. Our prior investigation, based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, underscored elevated abundance of Veillonella spp. and Prevotella spp. in the salivary microbiomes of IBD patients. Noteworthy, Prevotella salivae emerged as a distinct species significantly associated with IBD. P. salivae is an under-recognized pathogen that was found to play a role in both oral and systemic diseases. In this study, we delve deeper into the salivary microbiomes of both IBD patients and healthy controls. Employing diverse cultivation techniques and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR), we gauged the prevalence and abundance of Veillonella spp., Prevotella spp., and P. salivae. Our isolation efforts yielded 407 and 168 strains of Veillonella spp., as well as 173 and 90 strains of Prevotella spp., from the saliva samples of IBD patients and healthy controls, respectively. Veillonella-vancomycin agar emerged as the discerning choice for optimal Veillonella spp. cultivation, while Schaedler kanamycin-vancomycin agar proved to be the most suitable medium for cultivating Prevotella spp. strains. Comparing our RT-qPCR findings to the previous 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data, the results corroborated the higher abundance of Veillonella spp., Prevotella spp., and P. salivae in the saliva of IBD patients compared to healthy controls. However, it's worth noting that in contrast to RT-qPCR, the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data revealed greater absolute abundance of all three bacterial groups in both IBD patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshira I. Hammad
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Conrads
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohamed M. H. Abdelbary
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
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23
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Zhu L, Tang Z, Hu R, Gu M, Yang Y. Ageing and Inflammation: What Happens in Periodontium? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1274. [PMID: 38002398 PMCID: PMC10669535 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high incidence and severity in the elderly population, making it a significant public health concern. Ageing is a primary risk factor for the development of periodontitis, exacerbating alveolar bone loss and leading to tooth loss in the geriatric population. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between ageing and periodontitis remain elusive. Understanding the intricate mechanisms that connect ageing and inflammation may help reveal new therapeutic targets and provide valuable options to tackle the challenges encountered by the rapidly expanding global ageing population. In this review, we highlight the latest scientific breakthroughs in the pathways by which inflammaging mediates the decline in periodontal function and triggers the onset of periodontitis. We also provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings and discuss potential avenues for future research in this critical area of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanqi Yang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (L.Z.); (Z.T.); (R.H.); (M.G.)
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24
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Schorr L, Mathies M, Elinav E, Puschhof J. Intracellular bacteria in cancer-prospects and debates. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:76. [PMID: 37813921 PMCID: PMC10562400 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that some human cancers may harbor low-biomass microbial ecosystems, spanning bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacteria, the most-studied kingdom in this context, are suggested by these studies to localize within cancer cells, immune cells and other tumor microenvironment cell types, where they are postulated to impact multiple cancer-related functions. Herein, we provide an overview of intratumoral bacteria, while focusing on intracellular bacteria, their suggested molecular activities, communication networks, host invasion and evasion strategies, and long-term colonization capacity. We highlight how the integration of sequencing-based and spatial techniques may enable the recognition of bacterial tumor niches. We discuss pitfalls, debates and challenges in decisively proving the existence and function of intratumoral microbes, while reaching a mechanistic elucidation of their impacts on tumor behavior and treatment responses. Together, a causative understanding of possible roles played by intracellular bacteria in cancer may enable their future utilization in diagnosis, patient stratification, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schorr
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Mathies
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eran Elinav
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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25
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Metcalfe S, Panasiewicz M, Kay JG. Inflammatory macrophages exploited by oral streptococcus increase IL-1B release via NLRP6 inflammasome. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:347-357. [PMID: 37497744 PMCID: PMC10533225 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory periodontal disease develops in part from the infiltration of a large number of classically activated inflammatory macrophages that release inflammatory cytokines important for disease progression, including inflammasome-dependent interleukin (IL)-1β. Streptococcus gordonii is a normally commensal oral microorganism; while not causative, recent evidence indicates that commensal oral microbes are required for the full development of periodontal disease. We have recently reported that inflammatory macrophages counterintuitively allow for the increased survival of phagocytosed S. gordonii over nonactivated or alternatively activated macrophages. This survival is dependent on increased reactive oxygen species production within the phagosome of the inflammatory macrophages, and resistance by the bacterium and can result in S. gordonii damaging the phagolysosomes. Here, we show that activated macrophages infected with live S. gordonii release more IL-1β than non-activated macrophages infected with either live or dead S. gordonii, and that the survival of oral Streptococci are more dependent on macrophage activation than other Gram positive microbes, both classical pathogens and commensals. We also find that S. gordonii-dependent inflammatory macrophage inflammasome activation requires the cytoplasmic NLRP6. Overall, our results suggest S. gordonii is capable of evading immune destruction, increasing inflammatory mediators, and increasing inflammatory macrophage response, and that this ability is increased under conditions of inflammation. This work reveals additional mechanisms by which normally commensal oral streptococci-macrophage interactions can change, resulting in increased release of mature IL-1β, potentially contributing to an environment that perpetuates inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Metcalfe
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Michelle Panasiewicz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Jason G Kay
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
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26
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Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis G, Koo H. Social networking at the microbiome-host interface. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0012423. [PMID: 37594277 PMCID: PMC10501221 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00124-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial species colonizing host ecosystems in health or disease rarely do so alone. Organisms conglomerate into dynamic heterotypic communities or biofilms in which interspecies and interkingdom interactions drive functional specialization of constituent species and shape community properties, including nososymbiocity or pathogenic potential. Cell-to-cell binding, exchange of signaling molecules, and nutritional codependencies can all contribute to the emergent properties of these communities. Spatial constraints defined by community architecture also determine overall community function. Multilayered interactions thus occur between individual pairs of organisms, and the relative impact can be determined by contextual cues. Host responses to heterotypic communities and impact on host surfaces are also driven by the collective action of the community. Additionally, the range of interspecies interactions can be extended by bacteria utilizing host cells or host diet to indirectly or directly influence the properties of other organisms and the community microenvironment. In contexts where communities transition to a dysbiotic state, their quasi-organismal nature imparts adaptability to nutritional availability and facilitates resistance to immune effectors and, moreover, exploits inflammatory and acidic microenvironments for their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hyun Koo
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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27
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Clark ND, Pham C, Kurniyati K, Sze CW, Coleman L, Fu Q, Zhang S, Malkowski MG, Li C. Functional and structural analyses reveal that a dual domain sialidase protects bacteria from complement killing through desialylation of complement factors. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011674. [PMID: 37747935 PMCID: PMC10553830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is the first line of innate immune defense against microbial infections. To survive in humans and cause infections, bacterial pathogens have developed sophisticated mechanisms to subvert the complement-mediated bactericidal activity. There are reports that sialidases, also known as neuraminidases, are implicated in bacterial complement resistance; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Several complement proteins (e.g., C1q, C4, and C5) and regulators (e.g., factor H and C4bp) are modified by various sialoglycans (glycans with terminal sialic acids), which are essential for their functions. This report provides both functional and structural evidence that bacterial sialidases can disarm the complement system via desialylating key complement proteins and regulators. The oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis, a "keystone" pathogen of periodontitis, produces a dual domain sialidase (PG0352). Biochemical analyses reveal that PG0352 can desialylate human serum and complement factors and thus protect bacteria from serum killing. Structural analyses show that PG0352 contains a N-terminal carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) and a C-terminal sialidase domain that exhibits a canonical six-bladed β-propeller sialidase fold with each blade composed of 3-4 antiparallel β-strands. Follow-up functional studies show that PG0352 forms monomers and is active in a broad range of pH. While PG0352 can remove both N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), it has a higher affinity to Neu5Ac, the most abundant sialic acid in humans. Structural and functional analyses further demonstrate that the CBM binds to carbohydrates and serum glycoproteins. The results shown in this report provide new insights into understanding the role of sialidases in bacterial virulence and open a new avenue to investigate the molecular mechanisms of bacterial complement resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D. Clark
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher Pham
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kurni Kurniyati
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ching Wooen Sze
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Laurynn Coleman
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Qin Fu
- Proteomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael G. Malkowski
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Chunhao Li
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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Arredondo A, Àlvarez G, Isabal S, Teughels W, Laleman I, Contreras MJ, Isbej L, Huapaya E, Mendoza G, Mor C, Nart J, Blanc V, León R. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing study of subgingival microbiota of healthy subjects and patients with periodontitis from four different countries. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1176-1187. [PMID: 37246304 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the differences between the subgingival microbiota of healthy subjects (HS) and periodontitis patients (PP) from four different countries through a metagenomic approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subgingival samples were obtained from subjects from four different countries. Microbial composition was analysed through high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The country of origin, diagnosis and clinical and demographic variables of the subjects were used to analyse the microbial profiles. RESULTS In total, 506 subgingival samples were analysed: 196 from HS and 310 from patients with periodontitis. Differences in richness, diversity and microbial composition were observed when comparing samples pertaining to different countries of origin and different subject diagnoses. Clinical variables, such as bleeding on probing, did not significantly affect the bacterial composition of the samples. A highly conserved core of microbiota associated with periodontitis was detected, while the microbiota associated with periodontally HS was much more diverse. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal diagnosis of the subjects was the main variable explaining the composition of the microbiota in the subgingival niche. Nevertheless, the country of origin also had a significant impact on the microbiota and is therefore an important factor to consider when describing subgingival bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arredondo
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Àlvarez
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Isabal
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - W Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Laleman
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M J Contreras
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Isbej
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Huapaya
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - G Mendoza
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania, School of dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Mor
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Nart
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Blanc
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R León
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
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Arnett MC, Chanthavisouk P, Costalonga M, Blue CM, Evans MD, Paulson DR. Effect of scaling and root planing with and without minocycline HCl microspheres on periodontal pathogens and clinical outcomes: A randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1133-1145. [PMID: 37191955 PMCID: PMC10525010 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tests the effects of scaling and root planing (SRP) versus SRP plus minocycline hydrochloride microspheres (SRP+MM) on 11 periodontal pathogens and clinical outcomes in Stage II-IV Grade B periodontitis participants. METHODS Seventy participants were randomized to receive SRP (n = 35) or SRP+MM (n = 35). Saliva and clinical outcomes were collected for both groups at baseline before SRP, 1-month reevaluation, and at 3- and 6-month periodontal recall. MM were delivered to pockets ≥5 mm immediately after SRP and immediately after the 3-month periodontal maintenance in the SRP+MM group. A proprietary saliva test* was utilized to quantitate 11 putative periodontal pathogens. Microorganisms and clinical outcomes were compared between groups using generalized linear mixed-effects models with fixed effects and random effects terms. Mean changes from baseline were compared between groups via group-by-visit interaction tests. RESULTS Significant reduction in Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Parvimonas micra, and Eikenella corrodens were identified at the 1-month reevaluation after SRP+MM. Six months after SRP with a re-application of MM 3 months after SRP, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Eikenella corrodens were significantly reduced. SRP+MM participants had significant clinical outcome reductions in pockets ≥5 mm at the reevaluation, 3- and 6-month periodontal maintenance, and clinical attachment loss gains at the 6-month periodontal maintenance. CONCLUSION MM delivered immediately after SRP and reapplication at 3 months appeared to contribute to improved clinical outcomes and sustained decreased numbers of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Eikenella corrodens at 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Arnett
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Phonsuda Chanthavisouk
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Therapy, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christine M. Blue
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael D. Evans
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Danna R. Paulson
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Tanwar H, Gnanasekaran JM, Allison D, Chuang LS, He X, Aimetti M, Baima G, Costalonga M, Cross RK, Sears C, Mehandru S, Cho J, Colombel JF, Raufman JP, Thumbigere-Math V. Unraveling the Link between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Challenges and Outlook. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2308.10907v1. [PMID: 37645044 PMCID: PMC10462160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions, characterized by microbial dysbiosis and hyper-immunoinflammatory responses. Growing evidence suggest an interconnection between periodontitis and IBD, implying a shift from the traditional concept of independent diseases to a complex, reciprocal cycle. This review outlines the evidence supporting an "Oral-Gut" axis, marked by a higher prevalence of periodontitis in IBD patients and vice versa. The specific mechanisms linking periodontitis and IBD remain to be fully elucidated, but emerging evidence points to the ectopic colonization of the gut by oral bacteria, which promote intestinal inflammation by activating host immune responses. This review presents an in-depth examination of the interconnection between periodontitis and IBD, highlighting the shared microbiological and immunological pathways, and proposing a "multi-hit" hypothesis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-mediated intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical need for a collaborative approach between dentists and gastroenterologists to provide holistic oral-systemic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Tanwar
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Devon Allison
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ling-shiang Chuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Raymond K. Cross
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Chang JW, Bi J, Owen G, Shen Y, Haapasalo M, Wiebe C, Tarzemany R, Larjava H. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of adherent bacterial biofilms associated with peri-implantitis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:586-595. [PMID: 37157917 PMCID: PMC10441592 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peri-implantitis (PI) is caused by bacteria in the peri-implant space but the consensus on microbial profile is still lacking. Current microbial sampling of PI lesions has largely focused on analyzing bacterial species that have been shed from the implant surface and captured in the pocket fluid. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the morphotypes of bacteria in biofilm covering the implant threads and explore whether certain morphotypes were associated with PI. METHODS Fourteen failed implants were removed and instantly processed for scanning electron microscope analysis. The implants were imaged at three equally divided sub-crestal levels of the exposed area. Bacterial morphotypes were identified and quantified by three examiners. Mobility and years in function were correlated to the presence of different morphotypes. RESULTS The implants demonstrated the presence of variable bacterial morphotypes that did not correlate to disease progression in our study. Some implants were dominated by filaments and others showed the presence of combinations of cocci/rods or spirilles/spirochetes. In general, all implants showed variable morphologic biofilm composition. However, individual implants tended to have similar composition throughout the entire implant. Rods and filaments were dominant morphotypes throughout the surfaces and cocci showed increased presence toward the apical third. There were some differences in the biofilm morphology with mobility and time in function. CONCLUSIONS The profiles of bacterial biofilm morphotypes in failing implants with similar clinical presentations were highly variable. While there were significant differences between implants, similar morphotypes in individual implants were often found throughout the entire surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae W. Chang
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jiarui Bi
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Gethin Owen
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Colin Wiebe
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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Felemban BK. Enhancing attachment of human gingival fibroblasts to periodontally compromised teeth: A comparative analysis of hyaluronic acid, EDTA, enamel matrix derivatives. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:547-552. [PMID: 37520595 PMCID: PMC10373072 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gingival recession is a characteristic indicator of periodontitis and one of the factors that contributes to increased tooth clinical crown length. Patients with root exposure frequently undergo periodontal surgical procedures in addition to adjunctive therapy to increase root coverage area and soft tissue stability. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate fibroblast-root surface adhesion and determine whether periodontitis-damaged root surface microstructure can be restored using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and an enamel matrix derivative (EMD), individually or in combination. Material and methods Teeth extracted from patients with periodontal disease were used to create 60 samples, with each group containing six specimens. The test groups were provided root planing or root condition-specific materials (hyaluronic acid [HA], 24% EDTA, EMD, or EDTA/EMD) for varying treatment time periods. In contrast, the control group did not undergo any surface modifications. The samples and fibroblast cells were incubated for 72 h. The number of living cells on the root surface in each group was calculated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (cell viability assessment). Results The control, root planing, and EMD groups showed that the root surfaces treated with EDTA for 4 min had significantly better cell adhesion. Surface EDTA treatment for 2 min significantly promoted cell attachment compared to root planing treatment. The root surfaces modified with EDTA/EMD for 2 and 4 min showed significantly improved cellular migration and adhesion compared to the root surface treated with root planing. Conclusion EDTA and EDTA/EMD substantially affected the root surface, which was related to the length of the treatment process. This effect shifts the surface properties, alters fibroblast interactions with the root surface, and recruits more cells to cover a larger area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baher Khaled Felemban
- At: Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Reuss JM, Alonso-Gamo L, Garcia-Aranda M, Reuss D, Albi M, Albi B, Vilaboa D, Vilaboa B. Oral Mucosa in Cancer Patients-Putting the Pieces Together: A Narrative Review and New Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3295. [PMID: 37444405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa is a key player in cancer patients and during cancer treatment. The increasing prevalence of cancer and cancer-therapy-associated side effects are behind the major role that oral mucosa plays in oncological patients. Oral mucositis is a debilitating severe complication caused by the early toxicity of chemo and/or radiotherapy that can restrict treatment outcome possibilities, even challenging a patient's survival. It has been referred to as the most feared cancer treatment complication. Predictive variables as to who will be affected, and to what extent, are still unclear. Additionally, oral mucositis is one of the sources of the increasing economic burden of cancer, not only for patients and their families but also for institutions and governments. All efforts should be implemented in the search for new approaches to minimize the apparently ineluctable outburst of oral mucositis during cancer treatment. New perspectives derived from different approaches to explaining the interrelation between oral mucositis and the oral microbiome or the similarities with genitourinary mucosa may help elucidate the biomolecular pathways and mechanisms behind oral mucosa cancer-therapy-related toxicity, and what is more important is its management in order to minimize treatment side effects and provide enhanced cancer support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Reuss
- Department of Postgraduate Prosthodontics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Alonso-Gamo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infanta Cristina, 28981 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariola Garcia-Aranda
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Department of Oncologic Radiotherapy, Hospital Universitario Sanchinarro, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - Debora Reuss
- Lecturer Dental School, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Albi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Quironsalud Group Public Hospitals, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Albi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Debora Vilaboa
- Aesthetic Dentistry Department, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, Spain
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Abdalla HB, Alvarez C, Wu YC, Rojas P, Hammock BD, Maddipati KR, Trindade-da-Silva CA, Soares MQS, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Kantarci A, Napimoga MH, Van Dyke TE. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition enhances production of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator and promotes macrophage plasticity. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1597-1615. [PMID: 36508312 PMCID: PMC10175184 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids (EpFA) are lipid mediators that are rapidly inactivated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Uncontrolled and chronic inflammatory disorders fail to sufficiently activate endogenous regulatory pathways, including the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). Here, we addressed the relationship between SPMs and the EET/sEH axis and explored the effects of sEH inhibition on resolving macrophage phenotype. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were treated with a sEH inhibitor, EETs, or sEH inhibitor + EETs (combination) before ligature placement to induce experimental periodontitis. Using RT-qPCR, gingival samples were used to examine SPM receptors and osteolytic and inflammatory biomarkers. Maxillary alveolar bone loss was quantified by micro-CT and methylene blue staining. SPM levels were analysed by salivary metabolo-lipidomics. Gingival macrophage phenotype plasticity was determined by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. Effects of sEH inhibition on macrophage polarization and SPM production were assessed with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). KEY RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of sEH suppressed bone resorption and the inflammatory cytokine storm in experimental periodontitis. Lipidomic analysis revealed that sEH inhibition augmented levels of LXA4, RvE1, RvE2, and 4-HDoHE, concomitant with up-regulation of LTB4R1, CMKLR1/ChemR23, and ALX/FPR2 SPM receptors. Notably, there is an impact on gingival macrophage plasticity was affected suggesting an inflammation resolving phenotype with sEH inhibition. In BMDMs, sEH inhibition reduced inflammatory macrophage activation, and resolving macrophages were triggered to produce SPMs. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Pharmacological sEH inhibition increased SPM synthesis associated with resolving macrophages, suggesting a potential target to control osteolytic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique B Abdalla
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carla Alvarez
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu-Chiao Wu
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paola Rojas
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Carlos Antonio Trindade-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Q S Soares
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana T Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcelo H Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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You J, Wang Y, Chen H, Jin F. RIPK2: a promising target for cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1192970. [PMID: 37324457 PMCID: PMC10266216 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1192970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential mediator of inflammation and innate immunity, the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-2 (RIPK2) is responsible for transducing signaling downstream of the intracellular peptidoglycan sensors nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors 1 and 2 (NOD1/2), which will further activate nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, leading to the transcription activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and productive inflammatory response. Thus, the NOD2-RIPK2 signaling pathway has attracted extensive attention due to its significant role in numerous autoimmune diseases, making pharmacologic RIPK2 inhibition a promising strategy, but little is known about its role outside the immune system. Recently, RIPK2 has been related to tumorigenesis and malignant progression for which there is an urgent need for targeted therapies. Herein, we would like to evaluate the feasibility of RIPK2 being the anti-tumor drug target and summarize the research progress of RIPK2 inhibitors. More importantly, following the above contents, we will analyze the possibility of applying small molecule RIPK2 inhibitors to anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong You
- Shanghai Frontier Health Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Linnova Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Health Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Linnova Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Jin
- Shanghai Frontier Health Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Linnova Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
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Veras EL, Castro dos Santos N, Souza JGS, Figueiredo LC, Retamal-Valdes B, Barão VAR, Shibli J, Bertolini M, Faveri M, Teles F, Duarte P, Feres M. Newly identified pathogens in periodontitis: evidence from an association and an elimination study. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2213111. [PMID: 37261036 PMCID: PMC10228317 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2213111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the level of evidence for the presence of new periodontal pathogens by (i) comparing the occurrence of non-classical periodontal taxa between healthy vs. periodontitis patients (Association study); (ii) assessing the modifications in the prevalence and levels of these species after treatments (Elimination study). In the Association study, we compared the prevalence and levels of 39 novel bacterial species between periodontally healthy and periodontitis patients. In the Elimination study, we analyzed samples from periodontitis patients assigned to receive scaling and root planing alone or with metronidazole+ amoxicillin TID/ 14 days. Levels of 79 bacterial species (39 novel and 40 classic) were assessed at baseline, 3 and 12 months post-therapy. All samples were analyzed using Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Out of the 39 novel species evaluated, eight were categorized as having strong and four as having moderate association with periodontitis. Our findings suggest strong evidence supporting Lancefieldella rimae, Cronobacter sakazakii, Pluralibacter gergoviae, Enterococcus faecalis, Eubacterium limosum, Filifactor alocis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus warneri, and moderate evidence supporting Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Spiroplasma ixodetis, and Staphylococcus aureus as periodontal pathogens. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of periodontitis and may guide future diagnostic and interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Lobão Veras
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nídia Castro dos Santos
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - João Gabriel S. Souza
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Dental Research, Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Luciene C. Figueiredo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Belen Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Valentim A. R. Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Jamil Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marcelo Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia Teles
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Poliana Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Nakamura Y, Watanabe K, Yoshioka Y, Ariyoshi W, Yamasaki R. Persister Cell Formation and Elevated lsrA and lsrC Gene Expression upon Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure in a Periodontal Pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1402. [PMID: 37374903 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of hydrogen peroxide, an antiseptic dental treatment, on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, the main causative agent of localized invasive periodontitis, was investigated. Hydrogen peroxide treatment (0.06%, 4× minimum inhibitory concentration) resulted in the persistence and survival of approximately 0.5% of the bacterial population. The surviving bacteria did not genetically acquire hydrogen peroxide resistance but exhibited a known persister behavior. Sterilization with mitomycin C significantly reduced the number of A. actinomycetemcomitans persister survivors. RNA sequencing of hydrogen peroxide-treated A. actinomycetemcomitans showed elevated expression of Lsr family members, suggesting a strong involvement of autoinducer uptake. In this study, we found a risk of A. actinomycetemcomitans persister residual from hydrogen peroxide treatment and hypothesized associated genetic mechanisms of persister from RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Nakamura
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Watanabe
- Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshie Yoshioka
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamasaki
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Fukuoka, Japan
- Collaborative Research Centre for Green Materials on Environmental Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-chou, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Fukuoka, Japan
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Clerissi C, Luo X, Lucasson A, Mortaza S, de Lorgeril J, Toulza E, Petton B, Escoubas JM, Dégremont L, Gueguen Y, Destoumieux-Garzόn D, Jacq A, Mitta G. A core of functional complementary bacteria infects oysters in Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:26. [PMID: 37138356 PMCID: PMC10155333 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the main cultivated invertebrate species worldwide. Since 2008, oyster juveniles have been confronted with a lethal syndrome known as the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS). POMS is a polymicrobial disease initiated by a primary infection with the herpesvirus OsHV-1 µVar that creates an oyster immunocompromised state and evolves towards a secondary fatal bacteremia. RESULTS In the present article, we describe the implementation of an unprecedented combination of metabarcoding and metatranscriptomic approaches to show that the sequence of events in POMS pathogenesis is conserved across infectious environments. We also identified a core bacterial consortium which, together with OsHV-1 µVar, forms the POMS pathobiota. This bacterial consortium is characterized by high transcriptional activities and complementary metabolic functions to exploit host's resources. A significant metabolic specificity was highlighted at the bacterial genus level, suggesting low competition for nutrients between members of the core bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Lack of metabolic competition between the core bacteria might favor complementary colonization of host tissues and contribute to the conservation of the POMS pathobiota across distinct infectious environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Clerissi
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, UAR 3278 CRIOBE, CRIOBE, EPHE, Université PSL, UPVD, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan Cedex, France
| | - Xing Luo
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aude Lucasson
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Shogofa Mortaza
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Julien de Lorgeril
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
- Ifremer, IRD, Univ Nouvelle-Calédonie, Univ La Réunion, ENTROPIE, 98800, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
| | - Eve Toulza
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Bruno Petton
- Ifremer, LEMAR UMR 6539, UBO, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, 11 Presqu'île du Vivier, 29840, Argenton-en-Landunvez, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoubas
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Lionel Dégremont
- Ifremer, SG2M, LGPMM, Avenue du Mus de Loup, 17930, La Tremblade, France
| | - Yannick Gueguen
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Sète, France
| | - Delphine Destoumieux-Garzόn
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Annick Jacq
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Place E. Bataillon, CC080, 34095, Montpellier, France.
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France.
- Ifremer, IRD, ILM, Université de Polynésie Française, UMR 241, Vairao, French Polynesia.
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Kendlbacher FL, Bloch S, Hager‐Mair FF, Bacher J, Janesch B, Thurnheer T, Andrukhov O, Schäffer C. Multispecies biofilm behavior and host interaction support the association of Tannerella serpentiformis with periodontal health. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:115-133. [PMID: 35964247 PMCID: PMC10947601 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The recently identified bacterium Tannerella serpentiformis is the closest phylogenetic relative of Tannerella forsythia, whose presence in oral biofilms is associated with periodontitis. Conversely, T. serpentiformis is considered health-associated. This discrepancy was investigated in a comparative study of the two Tannerella species. The biofilm behavior was analyzed upon their addition and of Porphyromonas gingivalis-each bacterium separately or in combinations-to an in vitro five-species oral model biofilm. Biofilm composition and architecture was analyzed quantitatively using real-time PCR and qualitatively by fluorescence in situ hybridization/confocal laser scanning microscopy, and by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of T. serpentiformis led to a decrease of the total cell number of biofilm bacteria, while P. gingivalis was growth-promoting. This effect was mitigated by T. serpentiformis when added to the biofilm together with P. gingivalis. Notably, T. serpentiformis outcompeted T. forsythia numbers when the two species were simultaneously added to the biofilm compared to biofilms containing T. forsythia alone. Tannerella serpentiformis appeared evenly distributed throughout the multispecies biofilm, while T. forsythia was surface-located. Adhesion and invasion assays revealed that T. serpentiformis was significantly less effective in invading human gingival epithelial cells than T. forsythia. Furthermore, compared to T. forsythia, a higher immunostimulatory potential of human gingival fibroblasts and macrophages was revealed for T. serpentiformis, based on mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor α, and production of the corresponding proteins. Collectively, these data support the potential of T. serpentiformis to interfere with biological processes relevant to the establishment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian L. Kendlbacher
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
| | - Susanne Bloch
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
| | - Fiona F. Hager‐Mair
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
| | - Johanna Bacher
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
| | - Bettina Janesch
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Thurnheer
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive DentistryDivision of Clinical Oral Microbiology and ImmunologyCenter of Dental MedicineUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center for Periodontal ResearchUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christina Schäffer
- NanoGlycobiology Unit, Department of NanoBiotechnologyUniversität für Bodenkultur WienViennaAustria
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Chen S, Wu H, Chen C, Wang D, Yang Y, Zhou Z, Zhu R, He X, Pan Y, Li C. The prognostic prediction of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients based on surface-enhanced Raman measurements of pre-treatment saliva. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122150. [PMID: 36459721 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent dental diseases, and the patients with periodontitis often suffer from refractory periodontitis or recurrence of disease due to improper or inadequate treatment. In clinical practice, the early and accurate assessment of post-treatment prognosis in periodontitis patients is always very important in order to implement timely interventions. In this study, a pre-treatment saliva SERS based prognostic protocol was explored to predict the prognosis of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients. According to the biomolecular analysis, significant differences in the levels of ascorbic acid, uric acid and glutathione are observed between good prognosis group and poor prognosis group, which are expected to serve as potential prognostic markers. Furthermore, high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity can also be achieved by using the proposed prognostic model. The excellent performance of the proposed method has demonstrated its potential for fast, accurate, and non-invasive prognostic prediction of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients, even at the time before implementing treatment, thus is expected to benefit timely and rational guidance on clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Daheng Wang
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaru Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, China
| | - Ruochen Zhu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China.
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Wang W, Song Y, Tian Y, Chen B, Liang Y, Liang Y, Li C, Li Y. TCPP/MgO-loaded PLGA microspheres combining photodynamic antibacterial therapy with PBM-assisted fibroblast activation to treat periodontitis. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2828-2844. [PMID: 36857622 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01959k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria eradication and subsequent periodontal tissue reconstruction is the primary task for periodontitis treatment. Commonly used antibiotic therapy suffers from antibiotic resistance. Meanwhile, promoting fibroblast activity is crucial for re-establishing a damaged periodontal structure. In addition to the fibroblast activation property of Mg2+, photobiomodulation (PBM) has recently attracted increasing attention in wound healing. Using the same 635 nm laser resource, PBM could simultaneously work with antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to achieve antibacterial function and fibroblast activation effect. Herein, multifunctional microspheres were designed by employing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres to load tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, named as PMT, with sustained Mg2+ release for 20 days. PMT achieved excellent antibacterial photodynamic effect for periodontal pathogens F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis by generating reactive oxygen species, which increases cell membrane permeability and destroys bacteria integrity to cause bacteria death. Meanwhile, PMT itself exhibited improved fibroblast viability and adhesion, with the PMT + light group revealing further activation of fibroblast cells, suggesting the coordinated action of Mg2+ and PBM effects. The underlying molecular mechanism might be the elevated gene expressions of Fibronectin 1, Col1a1, and Vinculin. In addition, the in vivo rat periodontitis model proved the superior therapeutic effects of PMT with laser illumination using micro-computed tomography analysis and histological staining, which presented decreased inflammatory cells, increased collagen production, and higher alveolar bone level in the PMT group. Our study sheds light on a promising strategy to fight periodontitis using versatile microspheres, which combine aPDT and PBM-assisted fibroblast activation functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Wang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yunjia Song
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yunkai Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yu Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Changyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Kuraji R, Shiba T, Dong TS, Numabe Y, Kapila YL. Periodontal treatment and microbiome-targeted therapy in management of periodontitis-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with oral and gut dysbiosis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:967-996. [PMID: 36844143 PMCID: PMC9950865 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence from multiple areas proposes that periodontal disease, accompanied by oral inflammation and pathological changes in the microbiome, induces gut dysbiosis and is involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A subgroup of NAFLD patients have a severely progressive form, namely nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by histological findings that include inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. NASH has a high risk of further progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The oral microbiota may serve as an endogenous reservoir for gut microbiota, and transport of oral bacteria through the gastro-intestinal tract can set up a gut microbiome dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis increases the production of potential hepatotoxins, including lipopolysaccharide, ethanol, and other volatile organic compounds such as acetone, phenol and cyclopentane. Moreover, gut dysbiosis increases intestinal permeability by disrupting tight junctions in the intestinal wall, leading to enhanced translocation of these hepatotoxins and enteric bacteria into the liver through the portal circulation. In particular, many animal studies support that oral administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a typical periodontopathic bacterium, induces disturbances in glycolipid metabolism and inflammation in the liver with gut dysbiosis. NAFLD, also known as the hepatic phenotype of metabolic syndrome, is strongly associated with metabolic complications, such as obesity and diabetes. Periodontal disease also has a bidirectional relationship with metabolic syndrome, and both diseases may induce oral and gut microbiome dysbiosis with insulin resistance and systemic chronic inflammation cooperatively. In this review, we will describe the link between periodontal disease and NAFLD with a focus on basic, epidemiological, and clinical studies, and discuss potential mechanisms linking the two diseases and possible therapeutic approaches focused on the microbiome. In conclusion, it is presumed that the pathogenesis of NAFLD involves a complex crosstalk between periodontal disease, gut microbiota, and metabolic syndrome. Thus, the conventional periodontal treatment and novel microbiome-targeted therapies that include probiotics, prebiotics and bacteriocins would hold great promise for preventing the onset and progression of NAFLD and subsequent complications in patients with periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tien S Dong
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, University of California David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, Professor and Associate Dean of Research, Felix and Mildred Yip Endowed Chair in Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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Chen WA, Dou Y, Fletcher HM, Boskovic DS. Local and Systemic Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:470. [PMID: 36838435 PMCID: PMC9963840 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobe, is a leading etiological agent in periodontitis. This infectious pathogen can induce a dysbiotic, proinflammatory state within the oral cavity by disrupting commensal interactions between the host and oral microbiota. It is advantageous for P. gingivalis to avoid complete host immunosuppression, as inflammation-induced tissue damage provides essential nutrients necessary for robust bacterial proliferation. In this context, P. gingivalis can gain access to the systemic circulation, where it can promote a prothrombotic state. P. gingivalis expresses a number of virulence factors, which aid this pathogen toward infection of a variety of host cells, evasion of detection by the host immune system, subversion of the host immune responses, and activation of several humoral and cellular hemostatic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Chen
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuetan Dou
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hansel M Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Danilo S Boskovic
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Designing Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccine Construct against Prevotella intermedia-Interpain A: An Immunoinformatics Approach. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020302. [PMID: 36837503 PMCID: PMC9966096 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory infectious disease marked by continuous degradation of teeth and surrounding parts. One of the most important periodontal pathogens is P. intermedia, and with its interpain A proteinase, it leads to an increase in lethal infection. Materials and Methods: The current study was designed to create a multi-epitope vaccine using an immunoinformatics method that targets the interpain A of P. intermedia. For the development of vaccines, P. intermedia peptides InpA were found appropriate. To create a multi-epitope vaccination design, interpain A, B, and T-cell epitopes were found and assessed depending on the essential variables. The vaccine construct was evaluated based on its stability, antigenicity, and allergenicity. Results: The vaccine construct reached a more significant population and was able to bind to both the binding epitopes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and MHC-II. Through the C3 receptor complex route, P. intermedia InpA promotes an immunological subunit. Utilizing InpA-C3 and vaccination epitopes as the receptor and ligand, the molecular docking and dynamics were performed using the ClusPro 2.0 server. Conclusion: The developed vaccine had shown good antigenicity, solubility, and stability. Molecular docking indicated the vaccine's 3D structure interacts strongly with the complement C3. The current study describes the design for vaccine, and steady interaction with the C3 immunological receptor to induce a good memory and an adaptive immune response against Interpain A of P. intermedia.
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Martins O, Costa A, Silva D. The efficacy of air polishing devices in supportive periodontal therapy: Clinical, microbiological and patient-centred outcomes. A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:41-58. [PMID: 36300683 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review was to compare air polishing devices with conventional periodontal therapy (hand instrumentation and/or ultrasonic debridement), in terms of their clinical, microbiological and patient-related outcomes in patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy. METHODS An online database search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1987 and March 2021. Selection, data extraction and assessment risk of individual bias were conducted by two independent reviewers. The PICO method was employed to formulate the question: "In patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy/supportive periodontal therapy, do air polishing systems result in better clinical, microbiological and patient related outcomes than ultrasonic instrumentation or hand instrumentation?" Primary outcomes were bleeding on probing, gingival index and/or bleeding index. Secondary outcomes were probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, microbiological counts and/or patient tolerance. The risk of bias was evaluated and the systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. RESULTS The electronic search yielded 501 references of which 14 were included in this review. A meta-analysis was not performed due to great heterogeneity within the studies. Air polishing devices and conventional periodontal therapy presented identical results in the 14 studies analysed; however, air polishing devices presented better antimicrobial behaviour and better patient-related outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Both air polishing devices and conventional techniques demonstrated no difference in terms of clinical efficacy; however, air polishing devices seem to present improved antimicrobial results. In addition, they are also a safer, faster and more comfortable option for patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Martins
- Institute of Periodontology, Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Costa
- DDM, Private Practice, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniela Silva
- Institute of Periodontology, Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Abdalla HB, Van Dyke TE. The impact of the soluble epoxide hydrolase cascade on periodontal tissues. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2023.1129371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis. Uncontrolled inflammation is driven by the immune system in response to accumulation of oral biofilm that leads to alveolar bone loss, bleeding, increased periodontal probing depth with loss of attachment of the connective tissues to the tooth, and ultimately, tooth loss. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme that converts epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) produced by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) to an inactive diol. It has been shown that EpFAs display important features to counteract an exaggerated inflammatory process. Based upon this observation, inhibitors of sEH have been developed and are being proposed as a strategy to regulate proinflammatory inflammatory lipid mediator production and the chronicity of inflammation. This mini review focuses on the impact of sEH inhibition on periodontal tissues focusing on the mechanisms involved. The interaction between Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators and sEH inhibition emerges as a significant mechanism of action of sEH inhibitors that was not formerly appreciated and provides new insight into the role SPMs may play in prevention and treatment of periodontitis.
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Hao CP, Cao NJ, Zhu YH, Wang W. The impact of smoking on periodontitis patients' GCF/serum cytokine profile both before and after periodontal therapy: a meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:60. [PMID: 36726081 PMCID: PMC9893604 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is an established modifying factor for the host immune response of periodontitis patients. However, its exact influence remains unclear. We aimed to compare the cytokine profile of periodontitis patients with and without smoking habits both before and after periodontal therapy to preliminarily explore its influence on the host immune response to periodontitis. METHODS The protocol of the present meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the code CRD42021255656. Meta-analysis was performed for each cytokine if at least three studies were included. We synthesized the evidence to compare the cytokine profile of periodontitis with and without smoking both in gingival cervical fluid (GCF) and serum to explore the impact of smoking on periodontitis both locally and systemically. Moreover, we also compared the cytokine profile of the two groups of patients after periodontal therapy to explore the effect of smoking on the outcome of periodontal therapy. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. We found that there was no significant difference between the two groups of patients in the baseline cytokine profile. However, after periodontal therapy, smoking periodontitis patients showed significantly higher IL-1β levels in their GCF than nonsmoking patients. DISCUSSION There was no significant difference between smoking and nonsmoking periodontitis patients in the baseline cytokine profile. However, after periodontal therapy, smoking periodontitis patients showed significantly higher IL-1β levels in their GCF than nonsmoking patients, which indicates that smoking may impair the response of periodontitis to periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Hao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan-Jue Cao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-He Zhu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Książek M, Goulas T, Mizgalska D, Rodríguez-Banqueri A, Eckhard U, Veillard F, Waligórska I, Benedyk-Machaczka M, Sochaj-Gregorczyk AM, Madej M, Thøgersen IB, Enghild JJ, Cuppari A, Arolas JL, de Diego I, López-Pelegrín M, Garcia-Ferrer I, Guevara T, Dive V, Zani ML, Moreau T, Potempa J, Gomis-Rüth FX. A unique network of attack, defence and competence on the outer membrane of the periodontitis pathogen Tannerella forsythia. Chem Sci 2023; 14:869-888. [PMID: 36755705 PMCID: PMC9890683 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontopathogenic Tannerella forsythia uniquely secretes six peptidases of disparate catalytic classes and families that operate as virulence factors during infection of the gums, the KLIKK-peptidases. Their coding genes are immediately downstream of novel ORFs encoding the 98-132 residue potempins (Pot) A, B1, B2, C, D and E. These are outer-membrane-anchored lipoproteins that specifically and potently inhibit the respective downstream peptidase through stable complexes that protect the outer membrane of T. forsythia, as shown in vivo. Remarkably, PotA also contributes to bacterial fitness in vivo and specifically inhibits matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 12, a major defence component of oral macrophages, thus featuring a novel and highly-specific physiological MMP inhibitor. Information from 11 structures and high-confidence homology models showed that the potempins are distinct β-barrels with either a five-stranded OB-fold (PotA, PotC and PotD) or an eight-stranded up-and-down fold (PotE, PotB1 and PotB2), which are novel for peptidase inhibitors. Particular loops insert like wedges into the active-site cleft of the genetically-linked peptidases to specifically block them either via a new "bilobal" or the classic "standard" mechanism of inhibition. These results discover a unique, tightly-regulated proteolytic armamentarium for virulence and competence, the KLIKK-peptidase/potempin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Książek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - Theodoros Goulas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly Temponera str. Karditsa 43100 Greece
| | - Danuta Mizgalska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Ulrich Eckhard
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Florian Veillard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Irena Waligórska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Małgorzata Benedyk-Machaczka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Alicja M. Sochaj-Gregorczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7Kraków 30-387Poland
| | - Mariusz Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Ida B. Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Anna Cuppari
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan L. Arolas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
| | - Iñaki de Diego
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Sample Environment and Characterization Group, European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld 22869 Germany
| | - Mar López-Pelegrín
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Irene Garcia-Ferrer
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Tibisay Guevara
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), ERL CNRS 9004Gif-sur-Yvette 91191France
| | - Marie-Louise Zani
- Departement de Biochimie, Université de Tours10 Bd. TonelléTours Cedex 37032France
| | | | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
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49
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Van Holm W, Carvalho R, Delanghe L, Eilers T, Zayed N, Mermans F, Bernaerts K, Boon N, Claes I, Lebeer S, Teughels W. Antimicrobial potential of known and novel probiotics on in vitro periodontitis biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36681674 PMCID: PMC9867767 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several oral diseases are characterized by a shift within the oral microbiome towards a pathogenic, dysbiotic composition. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are often part of patient care. However, because of the rising antibiotic resistance, alternatives are increasingly desirable. Alternatively, supplying beneficial species through probiotics is increasingly showing favorable results. Unfortunately, these probiotics are rarely evaluated comparatively. In this study, the in vitro effects of three known and three novel Lactobacillus strains, together with four novel Streptococcus salivarius strains were comparatively evaluated for antagonistic effects on proximal agar growth, antimicrobial properties of probiotic supernatant and the probiotic's effects on in vitro periodontal biofilms. Strain-specific effects were observed as differences in efficacy between genera and differences within genera. While some of the Lactobacillus candidates were able to reduce the periodontal pathobiont A. actinomycetemcomitans, the S. salivarius strains were not. However, the S. salivarius strains were more effective against periodontal pathobionts P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum. Vexingly, most of the Lactobacillus strains also negatively affected the prevalence of commensal species within the biofilms, while this was lower for S. salivarius strains. Both within lactobacilli and streptococci, some strains showed significantly more inhibition of the pathobionts, indicating the importance of proper strain selection. Additionally, some species showed reductions in non-target species, which can result in unexpected and unexplored effects on the whole microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannes Van Holm
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Rita Carvalho
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Eilers
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Naiera Zayed
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium ,grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin el Kom, Egypt
| | - Fabian Mermans
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Bio- and Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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50
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ARAÚJO LL, LOURENÇO TGB, COLOMBO APV. Periodontal disease severity is associated to pathogenic consortia comprising putative and candidate periodontal pathogens. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220359. [PMID: 36629716 PMCID: PMC9828885 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on a holistic concept of polymicrobial etiology, we have hypothesized that putative and candidate periodontal pathogens are more frequently detected in consortia than alone in advanced forms of periodontal diseases (PD). OBJECTIVE To correlate specific consortia of periodontal pathogens with clinical periodontal status and severity of periodontitis. METHODOLOGY Subgingival biofilm was obtained from individuals with periodontal health (113, PH), gingivitis (91, G), and periodontitis (209, P). Genomic DNA was purified and the species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Aa JP2-like strain, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Dialister pneumosintes (Dp), and Filifactor alocis (Fa) were detected by PCR. Configural frequency and logistic regression analyses were performed to correlate microbial consortia and PD. RESULTS Aa + Pg in the presence of Dp (phi=0.240; χ2=11.9, p<0.01), as well as Aa JP2 + Dp + Fa (phi=0.186, χ2=4.6, p<0.05) were significantly more associated in advanced stages of P. The consortium Aa + Fa + Dp was strongly associated with deep pocketing and inflammation (p<0.001). The best predictors of disease severity (80% accuracy) included older age (OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.07 - 1.15], p<0.001), Black/African-American ancestry (OR 1.89 [95% CI 1.19 - 2.99], p=0.007), and high frequency of Aa + Pg + Dp (OR 3.04 [95% CI 1.49 - 6.22], p=0.002). CONCLUSION Specific microbial consortia of putative and novel periodontal pathogens, associated with demographic parameters, correlate with severe periodontitis, supporting the multifactorial nature of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lélia Lima ARAÚJO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de OdontologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em OdontologiaRio de JaneiroBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia (Periodontia), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de MicrobiologiaDepartamento de Microbiologia MédicaRio de JaneiroBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Talita Gomes Baêta LOURENÇO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de MicrobiologiaDepartamento de Microbiologia MédicaRio de JaneiroBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de OdontologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em OdontologiaRio de JaneiroBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia (Periodontia), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de MicrobiologiaDepartamento de Microbiologia MédicaRio de JaneiroBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
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