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Aydin S, Kilinc F, Ugur K, Aydin MA, Yalcin MH, Kuloglu T, Kaya Tektemur N, Albayrak S, Emre E, Yardim M, Akkoc RF, Hancer S, Sahin İ, Cinar V, Akbulut T, Demircan S, Evren B, Gencer BT, Aksoy A, Yilmaz Bozoglan M, Aydemir İ, Aydin S. Effects of irisin and exercise on adropin and betatrophin in a new metabolic syndrome model. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:21-32. [PMID: 37933453 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2276205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent public health problem. Uric acid (UA) is increased by MetS. We investigated whether administration of UA and 10% fructose (F) would accelerate MetS formation and we also determined the effects of irisin and exercise. We used seven groups of rats. Group 1 (control); group 2 (sham); group 3 (10% F); group 4 (1% UA); group 5 (2% UA); group 6 (10% F + 1% UA); and Group 7, (10% F + 2% UA). After induction of MetS (groups 3 -7), Group 3 was divided into three subgroups: 3A, no further treatment; 3B, irisin treatment; 3C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 4, 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 4A, no further treatment; 4B, irisin treatment; 4C, Irisin treatment + exercise. Group 5, 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 5A, no further treatment; 5B, irisin treatment; 5C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 6, 10% F + 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 6A, no further treatment; 6B, irisin treatment; 6C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 7, 10% F + 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 7A, no further treatment; 7B, irisin treatment; 7C, irisin treatment + exercise., İrisin was administered 10 ng/kg irisin intraperitoneally on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The exercise animals (in addition to irisin treatment) also were run on a treadmill for 45 min on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The rats were sacrificed and samples of liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscles and blood were obtained. The amounts of adropin (ADR) and betatrophin in the tissue supernatant and blood were measured using an ELISA method. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ADR and betatrophin expression in situ in tissue samples. The duration of these experiments varied from 3 and 10 weeks. The order of development of MetS was: group 7, 3 weeks; group 6, 4 weeks; group 5, 6 weeks; group 4, 7 weeks; group 3, 10 weeks. Kidney, liver, heart, pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues are sources of adropin and betatrophin. In these tissues and in the circulation, adropin was decreased significantly, while betatrophin was increased significantly due to MetS; irisin + exercise reversed this situation. We found that the best method for creating a MetS model was F + UA2 supplementation. Our method is rapid and simple. Irisin + exercise was best for preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Aydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Faruk Kilinc
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Kader Ugur
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | | | - Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serdal Albayrak
- Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Elif Emre
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Meltem Yardim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Yerkoy State Hospital, Yozgat, Turkiye
| | - Ramazan Fazil Akkoc
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serhat Hancer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İbrahim Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkiye
| | - Vedat Cinar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Taner Akbulut
- Department of Sports and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Selcuk Demircan
- Department of Intensive Care, Inonu University Hospital, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Bahri Evren
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Berrin Tarakci Gencer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Aziz Aksoy
- Nature and Engineering Faculty, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Merve Yilmaz Bozoglan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İsa Aydemir
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
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Chen L, Lu J, Hu J, Gong X. Unveiling the multifaceted role of adropin in various diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:90. [PMID: 39155866 PMCID: PMC11335353 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Adropin is a secreted peptide encoded by the energy homeostasis‑associated gene, which also functions as a membrane‑bound protein facilitating intercellular communication. This peptide has been detected in various tissues and body fluids, including the brain, liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, small intestine, endothelial cells and colostrum. Notably, the amino acid sequences of adropin are identical in humans, mice and rats. Previous studies have demonstrated that adropin levels fluctuate under different physiological and pathological conditions. Adropin plays a role in regulating carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism and intercellular molecular signaling pathways, implicating its involvement in the progression of numerous diseases, such as acute myocardial infarction, lung injury, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease/non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis, kidney disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, and diabetes, atherosclerosis, systemic sclerosis and cancer. Despite its significance, the precise role and mechanism of this protein remain inadequately understood and studied. To elucidate the function of adropin and its clinical research status, a systematic review of recent studies on adropin across various diseases was conducted. Additionally, several challenges and limitations associated with adropin research in both animal and clinical contexts were identified, aiming to offer valuable insights for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Jianrao Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Xuezhong Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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Rooban S, Arul Senghor K, Vinodhini V, Kumar J. Adropin: A crucial regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Metabol Open 2024; 23:100299. [PMID: 39045137 PMCID: PMC11263719 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adropin, a peptide discovered in 2008, has gained recognition as a key regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Initially identified for its roles in energy balance, lipid metabolism, and glucose regulation, adropin has also been found to improve cardiovascular health by enhancing endothelial function, modulating lipid profiles, and reducing oxidative stress. These protective mechanisms suggest that adropin may be able to help prevent conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Research has established connections between adropin and cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, positioning it as a valuable biomarker for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk. New studies highlight adropin's diagnostic and prognostic significance, showing that higher levels are linked to better cardiovascular outcomes, while lower levels are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on adropin, emphasizing its significance as a promising focus in the intersection of cardiovascular health and metabolic health. By summarizing the latest research findings, this review aims to offer insights into the potential applications of adropin in both clinical practice and research, leading to a deeper understanding of its role in maintaining cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rooban
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K.A. Arul Senghor
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V.M. Vinodhini
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J.S. Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Miao X, Alidadipour A, Saed V, Sayyadi F, Jadidi Y, Davoudi M, Amraee F, Jadidi N, Afrisham R. Hepatokines: unveiling the molecular and cellular mechanisms connecting hepatic tissue to insulin resistance and inflammation. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02335-9. [PMID: 39031190 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance arising from Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) stands as a prevalent global ailment, a manifestation within societies stemming from individuals' suboptimal dietary habits and lifestyles. This form of insulin resistance emerges as a pivotal factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence underscores the significant role of hepatokines, as hepatic-secreted hormone-like entities, in the genesis of insulin resistance and eventual onset of type 2 diabetes. Hepatokines exert influence over extrahepatic metabolism regulation. Their principal functions encompass impacting adipocytes, pancreatic cells, muscles, and the brain, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping body metabolism through signaling to target tissues. This review explores the most important hepatokines, each with distinct influences. Our review shows that Fetuin-A promotes lipid-induced insulin resistance by acting as an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). FGF21 reduces inflammation in diabetes by blocking the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in adipocytes and adipose tissue, while also improving glucose metabolism. ANGPTL6 enhances AMPK and insulin signaling in muscle, and suppresses gluconeogenesis. Follistatin can influence insulin resistance and inflammation by interacting with members of the TGF-β family. Adropin show a positive correlation with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key regulator of gluconeogenesis. This article delves into hepatokines' impact on NAFLD, inflammation, and T2DM, with a specific focus on insulin resistance. The aim is to comprehend the influence of these recently identified hormones on disease development and their underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Arian Alidadipour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vian Saed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firooze Sayyadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Jadidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Davoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amraee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Jadidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Majeed AA, Al-Qaisi AHJ, Ahmed WA. The Comparison of Irisin, Subfatin, and Adropin in Normal-Weight and Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:350-358. [PMID: 38952638 PMCID: PMC11214678 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.99130.3117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Background A combination of genetic and environmental factors contribute to the highly common, complex, and varied endocrine condition known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. PCOS primarily affects women between the ages of 15 and 35 who are in the early to late stages of pregnancy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of irisin, subfatin, and adropin in PCOS with and without obesity compared to the control group. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 at Al-Nahrain University/Department of Chemistry (Baghdad, Iraq). The serum levels of irisin, subfatin, and adropin were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Body mass index, lipid profile, insulin, fasting glucose, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels were also evaluated. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) by GraphPad Prism software version 8.0.2. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The study population comprised PCOS patients (n=90, divided into 45 obese and 45 normal weight) and healthy women (n=30). According to the results, the serum levels of irisin were significantly higher (P<0.001) in obese and normal-weight PCOS patients than controls. While adropin and subfatin were significantly lower in PCOS than controls (P<0.001). Moreover, there are higher levels of serum insulin, fasting glucose, and luteinizing hormone in PCOS women than in healthy women. Conclusion According to the findings, PCOS patients had a higher level of irisin than the controls. In addition, decreased subfatin and adropin levels were observed in PCOS patients compared with healthy women. Further research is required to confirm these results in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alabbas Abdulkareem Majeed
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad,Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Waled Abdo Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
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Chen C, Xie L, Zhang M, Shama, Cheng KKY, Jia W. The interplay between the muscle and liver in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad073. [PMID: 38095440 PMCID: PMC11078061 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shama
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth King Yip Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Liang M, Dickel N, Györfi AH, SafakTümerdem B, Li YN, Rigau AR, Liang C, Hong X, Shen L, Matei AE, Trinh-Minh T, Tran-Manh C, Zhou X, Zehender A, Kreuter A, Zou H, Schett G, Kunz M, Distler JHW. Attenuation of fibroblast activation and fibrosis by adropin in systemic sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadd6570. [PMID: 38536934 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add6570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases impose a major socioeconomic challenge on modern societies and have limited treatment options. Adropin, a peptide hormone encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated (ENHO) gene, is implicated in metabolism and vascular homeostasis, but its role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis remains enigmatic. Here, we used machine learning approaches in combination with functional in vitro and in vivo experiments to characterize adropin as a potential regulator involved in fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We demonstrated consistent down-regulation of adropin/ENHO in skin across multiple cohorts of patients with SSc. The prototypical profibrotic cytokine TGFβ reduced adropin/ENHO expression in a JNK-dependent manner. Restoration of adropin signaling by therapeutic application of bioactive adropin34-76 peptides in turn inhibited TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation and fibrotic tissue remodeling in primary human dermal fibroblasts, three-dimensional full-thickness skin equivalents, mouse models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host-disease (sclGvHD), and precision-cut human skin slices. Knockdown of GPR19, an adropin receptor, abrogated the antifibrotic effects of adropin in fibroblasts. RNA-seq demonstrated that the antifibrotic effects of adropin34-76 were functionally linked to deactivation of GLI1-dependent profibrotic transcriptional networks, which was experimentally confirmed in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo using cultured human dermal fibroblasts, a sclGvHD mouse model, and precision-cut human skin slices. ChIP-seq confirmed adropin34-76-induced changes in TGFβ/GLI1 signaling. Our study characterizes the TGFβ-induced down-regulation of adropin/ENHO expression as a potential pathomechanism of SSc as a prototypical systemic fibrotic disease that unleashes uncontrolled activation of profibrotic GLI1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, P. R. China
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicholas Dickel
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea-Hermina Györfi
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bilgesu SafakTümerdem
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yi-Nan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aleix Rius Rigau
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chunguang Liang
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xuezhi Hong
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lichong Shen
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200001 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Alexandru-Emil Matei
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thuong Trinh-Minh
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cuong Tran-Manh
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ariella Zehender
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, HELIOS Sankt Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen, 46045 Oberhausen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Hejian Zou
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Georg Schett
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meik Kunz
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Saeedi-Maleki Z, Javadzadeh A, Brumandpur F, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Khanzadeh S, Mousavi F. Serum adropin level in wet-type age-related macular degeneration. Int J Retina Vitreous 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38475838 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our objective was to compare the serum Adropin levels between patients with wet-type Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and otherwise healthy individuals. METHOD The study included 45 patients with wet-type AMD and 45 individuals without age-related macular degeneration. Patients with co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases, and a previous history of visual impairment; were excluded. FBS, Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), lipid profile, and serum Adropin level were checked. RESULTS The mean serum Adropin level of patients with wet-type AMD was significantly lower than the control group (P-value < 0.001). Also, the mean High-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hsCRP) level and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly higher in wet-type AMD patients (P-value = 0.031 and < 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS In our study, wet-type AMD was associated with a lower level of serum Adropin. Because of Adropin involvement in glucose metabolism and age-related changes, it may have a role in the pathogenesis of AMD, but it requires more investigations at the molecular level to elucidate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saeedi-Maleki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Javadzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariborz Brumandpur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ghorbanihaghjo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farideh Mousavi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Aggarwal G, Morley JE, Vellas B, Nguyen AD, Butler AA. Low circulating adropin concentrations predict increased risk of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. GeroScience 2024; 46:897-911. [PMID: 37233882 PMCID: PMC10828274 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The secreted peptide adropin is highly expressed in human brain tissues and correlates with RNA and proteomic risk indicators for dementia. Here we report that plasma adropin concentrations predict risk for cognitive decline in the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT00672685; mean age 75.8y, SD = 4.5 years, 60.2% female, n = 452). Cognitive ability was evaluated using a composite cognitive score (CCS) that assessed four domains: memory, language, executive function, and orientation. Relationships between plasma adropin concentrations and changes in CCS (∆CCS) were examined using Cox Proportional Hazards Regression, or by grouping into tertiles ranked low to high by adropin values and controlling for age, time between baseline and final visits, baseline CCS, and other risk factors (e.g., education, medication, APOE4 status). Risk of cognitive decline (defined as a ∆CCS of - 0.3 or more) decreased with increasing plasma adropin concentrations (hazard ratio = 0.873, 95% CI 0.780-0.977, P = 0.018). Between adropin tertiles, ∆CCS was significantly different (P = 0.01; estimated marginal mean ± SE for the 1st to 3rd tertile, - 0.317 ± 0.064; - 0.275 ± 0.063; - 0.042 ± 0.071; n = 133,146, and 130, respectively; P < 0.05 for 1st vs. 2nd and 3rd adropin tertiles). Normalized plasma Aß42/40 ratio and plasma neurofilament light chain, indicators of neurodegeneration, were significantly different between adropin tertile. These differences were consistent with reduced risk of cognitive decline with higher plasma adropin levels. Overall, these results suggest cognitive decline is reduced in community-dwelling older adults with higher circulating adropin levels. Further studies are needed to determine the underlying causes of the relationship and whether increasing adropin levels can delay cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Aggarwal
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, 37 Allées Jules Guesdes, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrew D Nguyen
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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10
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Tripathi S, Maurya S, Singh A. Adropin, a novel hepatokine: localization and expression during postnatal development and its impact on testicular functions of pre-pubertal mice. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:171-187. [PMID: 38087073 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Adropin, a multifaceted peptide, was identified as a new metabolic hormone responsible for regulating gluco-lipid homeostasis. However, its role in the testicular function is not yet understood. We aimed to investigate the localization and expression of adropin and GPR19 during different phases of postnatal development. Immunohistochemical study revealed the intense reactivity of adropin in the Leydig cells during all phases of postnatal development, while GPR19 showed intense immunoreactivity in the pachytene spermatocytes and mild immunoreactivity in Leydig cells as well as primary and secondary spermatocytes. Western blot study revealed maximum expression of GPR19 in pre-pubertal mouse testis that clearly indicates maximum responsiveness of adropin during that period. So, we hypothesized that adropin may act as an autocrine/paracrine factor that regulates pubertal changes in mouse testis. To examine the effect of adropin on pubertal onset, we gave bilateral intra-testicular doses (0.5 and 1.5 µg/testis) to pre-pubertal mice. Adropin treatment promoted testicular testosterone synthesis by increasing the expression of StAR, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD. Adropin also promoted germ cell survival and proliferation by upregulating the expression of PCNA and downregulating the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and Caspase 3 expression resulting in fewer TUNEL-positive cells in adropin-treated groups. FACS analysis demonstrated that adropin treatment not only increases 1C to 4C ratio but also significantly increases the 1C (spermatid) and 1C to 2C ratio which demarcates accelerated germ cell differentiation and turnover of testicular cells. In conclusion, adropin promotes steroidogenesis, germ cell survival, as well as the proliferation in the pre-pubertal mouse testis that may hasten the pubertal transition in an autocrine/paracrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Shweta Maurya
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ajit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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11
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Tripathi S, Maurya S, Singh A. Adropin may promote insulin stimulated steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in adult mice testes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:86-98. [PMID: 37902254 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Adropin is a versatile peptide which was discovered as a novel metabolic hormone that is involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose homeostasis. However, its possible role in the testicular function is not yet understood. The aim of our study was to explore the distribution pattern of adropin and GPR19 in various cell types and its possible role in testicular functions of adult mice. Immunohistochemical study revealed the intense immunoreactivity of adropin in the Leydig cells, while GPR19 showed intense immunoreactivity in the pachytene spermatocytes and mild immunoreactivity in Leydig cells and primary as well as secondary spermatocytes in mouse testis. Enho mRNA was also found to be expressed in the mouse testis. These findings suggested that adropin-GPR19 signaling may act in autocrine/paracrine manner to modulate testicular functions. Furthermore, to find out the direct role of adropin in the testicular function, in vitro study was performed in which testicular slices were cultured with adropin alone (10 and 100 ng/mL) and in combination with insulin (5 μg/mL). Adropin alone inhibited testicular testosterone synthesis by inhibiting the expression of P450-SCC, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD while along with insulin stimulated the testicular testosterone synthesis by increasing the expression of GPR19, IR, StAR, P450-SCC, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD. Adropin alone or in combination with insulin promoted germ cell survival and proliferation by upregulating the expression of PCNA, Bcl2, and pERK1/2. Thus, it can be concluded that adropin-GPR19 signaling promotes insulin stimulated steroidogenesis and germ cell survival as well as proliferation in the mice testes in an autocrine/paracrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shweta Maurya
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ajit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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12
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Zhu Q, Ren S, Sun Z, Qin J, Sheng X. Identification of biomarkers of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by bioinformatics analysis and single-cell sequencing analysis combined with in vivo validation. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101928. [PMID: 37704087 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a serious clinical complication of kidney injury. This research dealt with investigating the hub genes and pathways associated with renal IRI. METHODS The transcriptome expression dataset of mouse renal ischemia samples (GSE39548) was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered by R software for key genes utilized for gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and gene enrichment analysis (GSEA). The gene co-expression network was developed by WGCNA analysis to screen important modules. Hub genes from the intersection of DEGs and WGCNA were subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The biomarkers obtained by SVM-REF and LASSO algorithm were validated by other datasets and subjected to GSEA analysis. The expression of biomarkers in renal IRI was detected by qRT-PCR and subjected to single-cell analysis. RESULTS A total of 157 DEGs were discovered. Biological function analysis depicted that the DEGs were primarily involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, as well as the signaling pathways IL-17, MAPK, and TNF. The intersection of DEGs and the genes obtained by WGCNA analysis yielded 149 hubs genes. Based on SVM-REF and LASSO algorithm, cyp1a1 and pdk4 were determined as potential biomarkers in individuals with renal ischemia and showed good diagnostic value. qRT-PCR results depicted that cyp1a1 and pdk4 were significantly up-regulated in renal ischemia mice (P < 0.05). Finally, the single-cell analysis identified the expression of Cyp1a1 and Pdk4 in mice kidney tissue. CONCLUSION cyp1a1 and pdk4 were identified to play important roles in renal IRI. This research provides a new perspective and basis for studying the pathogenesis of renal IRI and developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shiqi Ren
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Trauma Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Xiaoming Sheng
- Department of Trauma Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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13
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Maurya S, Tripathi S, Arora T, Singh A. Adropin may regulate corpus luteum formation and its function in adult mouse ovary. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:725-739. [PMID: 37597158 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adropin, a unique peptide hormone, has been associated with the regulation of several physiological processes, including glucose homeostasis, fatty acid metabolism, and neovascularization. However, its possible role in ovarian function is not understood. Our objective was to examine the expression of adropin and its putative receptor, GPR19, in the ovaries of mice at various phases of the estrous cycle. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were performed to explore the localization and changes in expression of adropin and GPR19 in the ovaries during different phases of the estrous cycle in mice. Hormonal assays were performed with ELISA. An in vitro study was performed to examine the direct effect of adropin (10, 100 ng/ml) on ovarian function. RESULTS A western blot study showed that adropin and GPR19 proteins were maximum during the estrus phase of the estrous cycle. Interestingly, adropin and GPR19 displayed intense immunoreactivity in granulosa cells of large antral follicles and corpus luteum. This suggested the possible involvement of adropin in corpus luteum formation. Adropin treatment stimulated progesterone synthesis by increasing GPR19, StAR, CYP11A1, and 3β-HSD expressions, while it decreased estrogen synthesis by inhibiting 17β-HSD and aromatase protein expressions. Moreover, adropin treatment upregulated the cell cycle arrest-CDK inhibitor 1B (p27kip1), pERK1/2, and angiogenic protein (EG VEGF) that are involved in the process of luteinization. CONCLUSIONS Adropin GPR19 signaling promotes the synthesis of progesterone and upregulates the expression of p27kip1, EG VEGF, and erk1/2, resulting in cell cycle arrest and neovascularization, which ultimately leads to corpus luteum formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Maurya
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, -221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Shashank Tripathi
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, -221005, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Ajit Singh
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, -221005, Varanasi, India.
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14
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Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu G, Zhou H, Guo Y, Gao F, Weng S. Adropin deficiency worsens TNBS-induced colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110891. [PMID: 37688913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the effects of adropin deficiency on the distribution, phenotype and pathological phenotype of macrophages in colonic and mesenteric tissues of AdrKO (Enho-/-) mice, so as to explore the mechanism of adropin deficiency in spontaneous and experimental colitis. In this study, RNA-seq and metabonomics were used to screen the regulatory mechanism of adropin on the phenotypic transformation of macrophages. We found that adropin levels in active UC patients were significantly lower than those in normal subjects and remission UC patients, and at the same time, a large number of proinflammatory M1-type macrophages were infiltrated in the mesenteric tissue of colonic tissues from UC and CD patients. At the same time, spontaneous colitis occurred in Enho-/- (adropin-deficient)C57BL/6 mice, and there was an imbalance of M2 → M1 polarization of macrophages in colon and mesentery of Enho-/- mice. In vivo, it has showed that adropin deficiency could exacerbate the pathological phenotype of colitis induced by TNBS. In vitro, adropin was used to intervene RAW264.7 macrophages, and then combined analysis of RNA-seq and metabolomics demonstrated that adropin regulated lipid metabolism of macrophages through PPARγ, thus promoting the repolarization of macrophages from M1 to M2. Adropin deficiency led to an imbalance in the phenotypic distribution of macrophages infiltrating the colon and mesenteric tissues, namely, an increase in M1 type, which led to the occurrence and development of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Guozhong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350028, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
| | - Shangeng Weng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
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15
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Ying T, Wu L, Lan T, Wei Z, Hu D, Ke Y, Jiang Q, Fang J. Adropin inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE -/-/Enho -/- mice by regulating endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:402. [PMID: 37903785 PMCID: PMC10616072 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adropin, a secreted protein, coded by energy homeostasis-associated gene (Enho), is recently reported to modulate atherogenesis, with endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) involved in the early process. We explored whether adropin may alleviate atherosclerosis by regulating EndMT. We found that an intraperitoneal injection of adropin [105 μg/(kg·d) for 13 weeks] inhibited the progression of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced aortic atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE-/-) and those with double gene deletion (ApoE-/-/Enho-/-), as detected by Oil Red O and haematoxylin-eosin staining. In the aortas of ApoE-/- mouse, adropin treatment ameliorated the decrease in the mRNA expression of endothelial cell markers (leukocyte differentiation antigen 31, CD31, and vascular endothelial cadherin, VE-cadherin), but increased that of EndMT markers (alpha smooth muscle actin, α-SMA, and fibroblasts specific protein-1). In vitro, an adropin treatment (30 ng/ml) arrested the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), attenuated the morphological changes of HUVECs, reduced the number of immunofluorescence-positive α-SMA, increased the mRNA and protein expressions of CD31 and VE-cadherin, and decreased those of α-SMA. Furthermore, the adropin treatment decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and TGF-β2, and suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream signal protein Smad2/3 in HUVECs. These mitigative effects of adropin on H2O2-induced EndMT were reversed by the transfection of TGF-β plasmid. The findings signify that adropin treatment may alleviate the atherosclerosis in ApoE-/-/Enho-/- mice by inhibiting EndMT via the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ying
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, PR China
| | - LingZhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - TingXiang Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
- Department of Ultrasound, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, PR China
| | - ZhiXiong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - DanQing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - YiLang Ke
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Cardiovascular Medical Center; Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease; Fujian Cardiovascular Research Center, Fuzhou, PR China.
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Ding F, Liu G, Gao F, Zheng Z, Hong Y, Chen Y, Weng S. Adropin attenuates pancreatitis‑associated lung injury through PPARγ phosphorylation‑related macrophage polarization. Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:95. [PMID: 37654184 PMCID: PMC10483921 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP)‑associated lung injury (ALI) is a critical complication of AP. Adropin is a regulatory protein of immune metabolism. The present study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory effects of adropin on AP‑ALI. For this purpose, serum samples of patients with AP were collected and the expression levels of serum adropin were detected using ELISA. Animal models of AP and adropin knockout (Adro‑KO) were constructed, and adropin expression in serum and lung tissues was investigated. The levels of fibrosis and apoptosis were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's staining and immunohistochemistry of in lung tissue. M1/M2 type macrophages in the lungs were detected using immunofluorescence staining, western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. As shown by the results, adropin expression was decreased in AP. In the Adro‑KO + L‑arginine (L‑Arg) group, macrophage infiltration, fibrosis and apoptosis were increased. The expression of peroxisome proliferator‑ activated receptor γ (PPARγ) was downregulated, and the macrophages exhibited a trend towards M1 polarization in the Adro‑KO + L‑Arg group. Adropin exogenous supplement attenuated the levels of fibrosis and apoptosis in the model of AP. Adropin exogenous supplement also increased PPARγ expression by the regulation of the phosphorylation levels, which was associated with M2 macrophage polarization. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that adropin promotes the M2 polarization of lung macrophages and reduces the severity of AP‑ALI by regulating the function of PPARγ through the regulation of its phosphorylation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadian Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Guozhong Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Zheng
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Yupu Hong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Youting Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Shangeng Weng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
- Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
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Rizk FH, El-Saka MH, Ibrahim RR, El-Deeb OS, Ibrahim HA, El Saadany AA, Mashal SS, Ammar L, Abdelsattar AM, Barhoma RA. Possible mitigating effect of adropin on lung injury in diabetic rats: Targeting the role of Rho A/Rho-associated kinase pathway. Biofactors 2023; 49:928-939. [PMID: 37103121 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated possible mitigating effect of adropin on lung injury in diabetic rats, targeting role of Rho A/Rho-associated kinase pathway. Rats were allocated into four groups: control, adropin, diabetic, and diabetic+adropin groups. At the termination of the experiment, serum fasting glucose, insulin and adropin levels and insulin resistance were calculated. Wet/dry ratio, histopathological, immunohistochemical analyses, and relative real time gene expression of lung tissue was determined. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, malondialdehyde, 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, BAX, myeloperoxidase, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and transforming growth factor-β were determined in lung tissue. Adropin treatment in diabetic rats notably attenuated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Also, it mitigated diabetic lung injury via suppressing effect on Rho A/ROCK pathway, apoptosis, inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and fibrosis of lung tissue. Adropin can be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for treating diabetic lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H Rizk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mervat H El-Saka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Rowida Raafat Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Amira A El Saadany
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa S Mashal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Leila Ammar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | | | - Ramez A Barhoma
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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18
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Chang X, Jin F, Wang L, Jiang Y, Wang P, Liu J, Zhao L. Adropin - A new player in energy regulation predicts long-term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17803. [PMID: 37455994 PMCID: PMC10344749 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a novel energy homeostasis regulator, Adropin not only plays a vital part in meditating energy metabolism, but also has a certain correlation with atherosclerotic diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Adropin on the long-term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods 162 recruited patients with AMI were divided into low Adropin group (Adropin<166.3 pg/mL, n = 82) and high Adropin group (Adropin≥166.3 pg/mL, n = 80), according to the mean value of serum Adropin level. Patients were followed up and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the survival of patients and the related factors of cardiac events. Results Diabetes was more common in low Adropin group than that in high Adropin group (P < 0.05). Patients were followed up for an average of 50.3 ± 19.2 months. MACEs occurred in 37 patients (22.8%), including 6 cardiac deaths (3.7%), 14 recurrent myocardial infarction (8.6%) and 17 rehospitalization of heart failure (10.5%). The incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction in low Adropin group was higher than that in high Adropin group (13.4% vs 3.8%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of MACE, cardiac death and rehospitalization of heart failure between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier method (log rank test) analysis results showed that patients with low Adropin had lower survival rate without recurrent myocardial infarction (log rank P = 0.035). Conclusion Low Adropin level was associated with an increased risk of long-term recurrent myocardial infarction in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiansong Chang
- Emergency Department of Xuguan District, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Fulu Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Li Wang
- Emergency Department of Xuguan District, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- High-tech Zone (Huqiu District) Hushuguan Town Community Health Service Center of Suzhou, China
| | - Liangping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, China
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19
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Mushala BAS, Xie B, Sipula IJ, Stoner MW, Thapa D, Manning JR, Bugga P, Vandevender AM, Jurczak MJ, Scott I. G-protein coupled receptor 19 (GPR19) knockout mice display sex-dependent metabolic dysfunction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6134. [PMID: 37061564 PMCID: PMC10105709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate signal transduction from the cellular surface to intracellular metabolic pathways. While the function of many GPCRs has been delineated previously, a significant number require further characterization to elucidate their cellular function. G-protein coupled receptor 19 (GPR19) is a poorly characterized class A GPCR which has been implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythm, tumor metastasis, and mitochondrial homeostasis. In this report, we use a novel knockout (KO) mouse model to examine the role of GPR19 in whole-body metabolic regulation. We show that loss of GPR19 promotes increased energy expenditure and decreased activity in both male and female mice. However, only male GPR19 KO mice display glucose intolerance in response to a high fat diet. Loss of GPR19 expression in male mice, but not female mice, resulted in diet-induced hepatomegaly, which was associated with decreased expression of key fatty acid oxidation genes in male GPR19 KO livers. Overall, our data suggest that loss of GPR19 impacts whole-body energy metabolism in diet-induced obese mice in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bellina A S Mushala
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Bingxian Xie
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Ian J Sipula
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Michael W Stoner
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Janet R Manning
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Paramesha Bugga
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Amber M Vandevender
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Michael J Jurczak
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Iain Scott
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, BST E1259, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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20
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Soltani S, Beigrezaei S, Malekahmadi M, Clark CCT, Abdollahi S. Circulating levels of adropin and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:73. [PMID: 37029398 PMCID: PMC10080945 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adropin, a newly identified regulatory protein has garnered attention given its potential role in metabolism regulation, especially glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. However, studies on the association between adropin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are equivocal. The aim of this study is to assess the association between serum adropin levels and T2DM using a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of science, and Google Scholar were searched, up to August 2022, for studies that reported the association between serum levels of adropin in adults with T2DM compared to a control group without diabetes. A random-effect model was used to compute the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Meta-analysis of 15 studies (n = 2813 participants) revealed that the serum adropin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with T2DM compared with the control group (WMD= -0.60 ng/mL, 95% CI: -0.70 to -0.49; I2 = 99.5%). Subgroup analysis also found lower concentration of adropin in patients with T2DM who were otherwise healthy compared to a control group (n = 9; WMD=-0.04 ng/ml, 95% CI= -0.06 to -0.01, p = 0.002; I2 = 96.4). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed adropin levels are lower in patients with diabetes compared to a control group without diabetes. However, the limitations of observational studies challenge the validity of the results, and further investigations are needed to confirm the veracity of these findings and additionally explore possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sara Beigrezaei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
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21
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Chen RB, Wang QY, Wang YY, Wang YD, Liu JH, Liao ZZ, Xiao XH. Feeding-induced hepatokines and crosstalk with multi-organ: A novel therapeutic target for Type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1094458. [PMID: 36936164 PMCID: PMC10020511 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1094458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, which can be caused by either an insulin deficit and/or insulin resistance, is the main symptom of Type 2 diabetes, a significant endocrine metabolic illness. Conventional medications, including insulin and oral antidiabetic medicines, can alleviate the signs of diabetes but cannot restore insulin release in a physiologically normal amount. The liver detects and reacts to shifts in the nutritional condition that occur under a wide variety of metabolic situations, making it an essential organ for maintaining energy homeostasis. It also performs a crucial function in glucolipid metabolism through the secretion of hepatokines. Emerging research shows that feeding induces hepatokines release, which regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. Notably, these feeding-induced hepatokines act on multiple organs to regulate glucolipotoxicity and thus influence the development of T2DM. In this review, we focus on describing how feeding-induced cross-talk between hepatokines, including Adropin, Manf, Leap2 and Pcsk9, and metabolic organs (e.g.brain, heart, pancreas, and adipose tissue) affects metabolic disorders, thus revealing a novel approach for both controlling and managing of Type 2 diabetes as a promising medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Bin Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qi-Yu Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Di Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhen Liao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Hua Xiao, ; Zhe-Zhen Liao,
| | - Xin-Hua Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Hua Xiao, ; Zhe-Zhen Liao,
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22
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Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype of Cardiovascular System Cells and Inflammaging: Perspectives of Peptide Regulation. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010106. [PMID: 36611900 PMCID: PMC9818427 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and a mild inflammatory response characteristic of senescent cells (inflammaging) form the conditions for the development of cardiovascular diseases: atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. The purpose of the review is to analyze the pool of signaling molecules that form SASP and inflammaging in cells of the cardiovascular system and to search for targets for the action of vasoprotective peptides. The SASP of cells of the cardiovascular system is characterized by a change in the synthesis of anti-proliferative proteins (p16, p19, p21, p38, p53), cytokines characteristic of inflammaging (IL-1α,β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNFα, TGFβ1, NF-κB, MCP), matrix metalloproteinases, adhesion molecules, and sirtuins. It has been established that peptides are physiological regulators of body functions. Vasoprotective polypeptides (liraglutide, atrial natriuretic peptide, mimetics of relaxin, Ucn1, and adropin), KED tripeptide, and AEDR tetrapeptide regulate the synthesis of molecules involved in inflammaging and SASP-forming cells of the cardiovascular system. This indicates the prospects for the development of drugs based on peptides for the treatment of age-associated cardiovascular pathology.
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23
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Antidiabetic Properties of Chitosan and Its Derivatives. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120784. [PMID: 36547931 PMCID: PMC9782916 DOI: 10.3390/md20120784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder. In addition to taking medication, adjusting the composition of the diet is also considered one of the effective methods to control the levels of blood glucose. Chitosan and its derivatives are natural and versatile biomaterials with health benefits. Chitosan has the potential to alleviate diabetic hyperglycemia by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and increasing skeletal muscle glucose uptake and utility. Scientists also focus on the glucose-lowering effect of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS). COS supplementation has the potential to alleviate abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic rats by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Both high and low molecular weight chitosan feeding reduced insulin resistance by inhibiting lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue and ameliorating chronic inflammation in diabetic rats. COS can reduce insulin resistance but has less ability to reduce hepatic lipids in diabetic rats. A clinical trial showed that a 3-month administration of chitosan increased insulin sensitivity and decreased body weight and triglycerides in obese patients. Chitosan and COS are considered Generally Recognized as Safe; however, they are still considered to be of safety concerns. This review highlights recent advances of chitosan and its derivatives in the glucose-lowering/antidiabetic effects and the safety.
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24
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Wang Q, An Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang G, Liu J. Regulation of Adropin by Sitagliptin monotherapy in participants with newly diagnosed type 2 Diabetes. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:306. [PMID: 36476135 PMCID: PMC9727947 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adropin is a potent metabolic regulator of insulin sensitivity and glycolipid metabolism. The present study investigated the effects of sitagliptin on adropin and metabolic parameters in participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Thirty-five participants newly-diagnosed with T2D were prescribed sitagliptin 100 mg once daily for 17 weeks. Twenty-eight age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy subjects were included as the control group. Adropin and clinical parameters were assessed at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS At baseline, serum adropin levels were lower in T2D participants than in the healthy individuals (3.12 ± 0.73 vs. 5.90 ± 1.22 ng/ml, P < 0.01). Serum adropin levels were significantly higher in T2D patients after sitagliptin treatment (4.97 ± 1.01 vs. 3.12 ± 0.73 ng/ml, P < 0.01). The changes in serum adropin levels after sitagliptin treatment were associated with the improvements of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (β = - 0.71, P < 0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (β = - 0.44, P < 0.01) and homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) (β = 9.02, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Sitagliptin treatment could significantly increase serum adropin levels in participants with newly diagnosed T2D. The increase in serum adropin levels could be associated with the amelioration of glucose metabolism, which might be involved in beneficial glucose-lowering mechanisms of sitagliptin. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov , NCT04495881 . Retrospectively registered on 03/08/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yuanying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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25
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Ke Y, Hu J, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Liu S. Correlation Between Circulating Adropin Levels and Patients with PCOS: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3295-3310. [PMID: 35015289 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of young women suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Reasonable diagnosis and monitoring are important steps in the treatment of PCOS. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis between adropin levels and PCOS to identify their relationship. We searched 8 databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, clinicaltrials.gov, OpenGrey) for relevant studies using the following search items: 'PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome or Stein-Leventhal syndrome' AND 'adropin'. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were used as the outcomes. Data were analyzed using Revman 5.3, Stata 16, and MetaXL. Nineteen articles were include in this meta-analysis. The PCOS group had significantly lower adropin levels than the healthy groups (SMD = -2.79 ng/ml, 95%CI (-3.42, -2.16), p < 0.00001). Significant publication bias (p < 0.05) was observed; additionally, the results were robust based on metatrim and fail-safe number (Nfs). Meta-regression analysis showed that age, glucose ratio and luteinizing hormone (LH) may be sources of heterogeneity (univariate meta-regression analysis: P = 0.058 vs P = 0.026 vs P = 0.091). Furthermore, BMI, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may be closely related to adropin levels (p < 0.05) owing to meta-analysis of correlation coefficient. We found there was a correlation between adropin levels and PCOS: circulating adropin levels were significantly lower in patients with PCOS than healthy controls, which may be helpful for clinical diagnosis and detection of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Ke
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No. 54, Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuaihang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Clinical Evaluation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54, Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
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26
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Maudsley S, Walter D, Schrauwen C, Van Loon N, Harputluoğlu İ, Lenaerts J, McDonald P. Intersection of the Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor, GPR19, with the Aging Process. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113598. [PMID: 36362387 PMCID: PMC9653598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the most functionally diverse classes of transmembrane proteins. GPCRs and their associated signaling systems have been linked to nearly every physiological process. They also constitute nearly 40% of the current pharmacopeia as direct targets of remedial therapies. Hence, their place as a functional nexus in the interface between physiological and pathophysiological processes suggests that GPCRs may play a central role in the generation of nearly all types of human disease. Perhaps one mechanism through which GPCRs can mediate this pivotal function is through the control of the molecular aging process. It is now appreciated that, indeed, many human disorders/diseases are induced by GPCR signaling processes linked to pathological aging. Here we discuss one such novel member of the GPCR family, GPR19, that may represent an important new target for novel remedial strategies for the aging process. The molecular signaling pathways (metabolic control, circadian rhythm regulation and stress responsiveness) associated with this recently characterized receptor suggest an important role in aging-related disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Deborah Walter
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Claudia Schrauwen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Nore Van Loon
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - İrem Harputluoğlu
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Julia Lenaerts
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
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27
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Zhang H, Chen N. Adropin as an indicator of T2DM and its complications. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Daiber A, Frenis K, Kuntic M, Li H, Wolf E, Kilgallen AB, Lecour S, Van Laake LW, Schulz R, Hahad O, Münzel T. Redox Regulatory Changes of Circadian Rhythm by the Environmental Risk Factors Traffic Noise and Air Pollution. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:679-703. [PMID: 35088601 PMCID: PMC9618394 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and traffic noise contribute to the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Recent Advances: Epidemiological data suggest that air pollution and traffic noise are associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental disease, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, neurodegeneration, depression, and anxiety disorders, mainly by activation of stress hormone signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Critical Issues: We here provide an in-depth review on the impact of the environmental risk factors air pollution and traffic noise exposure (components of the external exposome) on cardiovascular health, with special emphasis on the role of environmentally triggered oxidative stress and dysregulation of the circadian clock. Also, a general introduction on the contribution of circadian rhythms to cardiovascular health and disease as well as a detailed mechanistic discussion of redox regulatory pathways of the circadian clock system is provided. Future Directions: Finally, we discuss the potential of preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 679-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B. Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Linda W. Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Effect of Adropin on Pancreas Exocrine Function in a Rat Model: A Preliminary Study. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192547. [PMID: 36230288 PMCID: PMC9558541 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the potential effect of adropin (ADR) on pancreatic−biliary juice (PBJ) secretion (volume, protein content, trypsin activity) in a rat model. The animals were divided into control and five experimental groups: adropin, CCK-8 (CCK-8 stimulation), capsaicin (capsaicin deactivation of afferents), vagotomy (vagotomy procedure), and vagal stimulation (vagal nerve stimulation). The experiment consisted of four phases, during which vehicle (0.9% NaCl) and three ADR boluses (5, 10, and 20 µg/kg BW) were administered i.v. every 30 min. PBJ samples were collected from each rat at 15 min intervals after boluses. Exogenous ADR failed to affect the pancreatic responses after vagotomy and the capsaicin pretreatment and reduced the PBJ volume, protein outputs, and trypsin activity in the adropin, CCK-8, and vagal stimulation groups in a dose-dependent manner. In all these groups, volume of PBJ was reduced only by the highest dose of ADR (p < 0.001 for adropin group and p < 0.01 for CCK-8 and vagal stimulation groups), and the protein outputs were reduced by the administration of ADR 10 µg/kg BW (adropin and CCK-8 groups, p < 0.01 in both cases) and 20 µg/kg BW (p < 0.001 for adropin and CCK-8 groups, p < 0.01 for vagal stimulation group). The 10 µg/kg BW dose of ADR reduced the trypsin output in the CCK-8 group (p < 0.01), and the highest ADR dose reduced the trypsin output in the CCK-8 (p < 0.001) and vagal stimulation (p < 0.01) groups. In conclusion, adropin in the analyzed doses exhibits the negative feedback pathway. This mechanism seems to participate in the regulation of pancreatic juice secretion via an indirect vagal mechanism.
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Daily Treatment of Mice with Type 2 Diabetes with Adropin for Four Weeks Improves Glucolipid Profile, Reduces Hepatic Lipid Content and Restores Elevated Hepatic Enzymes in Serum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179807. [PMID: 36077198 PMCID: PMC9456344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adropin is a peptide hormone encoded by Energy Homeostasis Associated gene. Adropin modulates energy homeostasis and metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. There is growing evidence demonstrating that adropin enhances insulin sensitivity and lowers hyperlipidemia in obese mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of daily administration of adropin for four weeks in mice with experimentally induced type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adropin improved glucose control without modulating insulin sensitivity. Adropin reduced body weight, size of adipocytes, blood levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol in T2D mice. T2D mice treated with adropin had lower liver mass, reduced hepatic content of triacylglycerol and cholesterol. Furthermore, adropin attenuated elevated blood levels of hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT and ALP) in T2D mice. In T2D mice, adropin increased the circulating adiponectin level. Adropin had no effects on circulating insulin and glucagon levels and did not alter pancreatic islets morphology. These results suggest that adropin improves glucose control, lipid metabolism and liver functions in T2D. In conjunction with reduced lipid content in hepatocytes, these results render adropin as an interesting candidate in therapy of T2D.
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Lee MJ, Zhu J, An JH, Lee SE, Kim TY, Oh E, Kang YE, Chung W, Heo JY. A transcriptomic analysis of cerebral microvessels reveals the involvement of Notch1 signaling in endothelial mitochondrial-dysfunction-dependent BBB disruption. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:64. [PMID: 36028880 PMCID: PMC9414148 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells (ECs) in cerebral vessels are considered the primary targets in acute hemorrhagic brain injuries. EC dysfunction can aggravate neuronal injuries by causing secondary inflammatory responses and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Previous studies have reported that enhancement of mitochondrial function within ECs may reduce BBB disruption and decrease the severity of acute brain injuries. However, the molecular signaling pathways through which enhanced EC mitochondrial function is enhanced to exert this BBB protective effect have not been fully elucidated. Methods To identify signaling pathways involved in linking EC-specific mitochondrial dysfunction and BBB disruption, we first performed RNA sequencing using isolated cerebral vessels from TEKCRIF1 KO mice, a mouse strain that displays EC-specific mitochondrial dysfunction. After identification, we assessed the significance of candidate signaling pathways using an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mouse model. BBB integrity was assessed using an IgG leakage assay, and symptomatic changes were evaluated using behavioral assays. Results Transcriptome analyses of the TEKCRIF1 KO mouse revealed significant changes in Notch1 signaling, a pathway intimately involved in BBB maintenance. We also observed a decrease in Notch1 signaling and expression of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) complex in the ICH mouse model, which also exhibits BBB disruption. To further assess the function of Notch1 signaling in relation to BBB disruption, we injected ICH model mice with adropin, a protein that interacts with the Notch1 ligand NB-3 and activates Notch1 signaling. We found that adropin prevented BBB disruption and reduced the extent (area) of the injury compared with that in vehicle controls, in association with alteration of mitochondrial function. Conclusion These results suggest that the Notch1 signaling pathway acts as an upstream regulator of DEGs and can be a target to regulate the changes involved with endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction-dependent BBB disruption. Thus, treatment methods that activate Notch1 may be beneficial in acute brain injuries by protecting BBB integrity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-022-00363-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiebo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun An
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Deajeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yeon Kim
- Bio-Synergy Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Deajeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Adropin’s Role in Energy Homeostasis and Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158318. [PMID: 35955453 PMCID: PMC9369016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adropin is a novel 76-amino acid-peptide that is expressed in different tissues and cells including the liver, pancreas, heart and vascular tissues, kidney, milk, serum, plasma and many parts of the brain. Adropin, encoded by the Enho gene, plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis. The literature review indicates that adropin alleviates the degree of insulin resistance by reducing endogenous hepatic glucose production. Adropin improves glucose metabolism by enhancing glucose utilization in mice, including the sensitization of insulin signaling pathways such as Akt phosphorylation and the activation of the glucose transporter 4 receptor. Several studies have also demonstrated that adropin improves cardiac function, cardiac efficiency and coronary blood flow in mice. Adropin can also reduce the levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In contrast, it increases the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, often referred to as the beneficial cholesterol. Adropin inhibits inflammation by reducing the tissue level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6. The protective effect of adropin on the vascular endothelium is through an increase in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. This article provides an overview of the existing literature about the role of adropin in different pathological conditions.
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Adropin Improves Radiation-Induced Myocardial Injury via VEGFR2/PI3K/Akt Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8230214. [PMID: 35923860 PMCID: PMC9339421 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8230214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mediastinal cancer radiotherapy exposes the heart and causes myocardial injury. It is of utmost importance to identify effective prevention and treatment targets. In this study, the regulatory role of adropin (Ad) in radiation-induced myocardial injury (RIMI) was explored in mice. After C57BL/6 mice were administered E0771 cells and received radiotherapy, the effects of exogenous Ad intervention on myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis, microvessel density, oxidative stress, and protein expression levels were observed. The results showed that exogenous Ad effectively improved cardiac function, suppressed oxidative stress, inhibited myocardial fibrosis, reduced myocardial apoptosis, and promoted microangiogenesis in RIMI mice. Ad also downregulated the expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), and cleaved caspase 3 and upregulated the expression of phosphor-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS). However, the above-mentioned effects of Ad were significantly reversed in Ad−/− mice. Radiotherapy resulted in the downregulation of phosphor-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (p-VEGFR2) and p-Akt in myocardial tissue, which were upregulated by Ad. However, after targeted inhibition of VEGFR2 with apatinib, the effect of Ad on improving RIMI was significantly reversed. Taken together, exogenous Ad significantly ameliorated RIMI by reducing oxidative stress, promoting microangiogenesis, and inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis. The underlying molecular mechanism involved may be elucidated by activation of the VEGFR2/PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Shen Y, Chen L, Zhou J, Wang C, Gao F, Zhu W, Hu G, Ma X, Xia H, Bao Y. Low total osteocalcin levels are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:98. [PMID: 35681236 PMCID: PMC9185881 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between osteocalcin and mortality has been scantly studied. We aimed to investigate the association between osteocalcin along with its trajectories and mortality based on long-term longitudinal data. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 9413 type 2 diabetic patients with at least three measurements of total serum osteocalcin within 3 years since their first inpatient diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Baseline, mean values of osteocalcin levels and their trajectories were used as exposures. A multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the association of osteocalcin levels and their trajectories with mortality. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 5.37 years, 1638 patients died, of whom 588 were due to cardiovascular events. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) across quintiles of baseline osteocalcin levels were 2.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.42-3.42), 1.65 (95% CI 1.37-1.99), 1.17 (95% CI 0.96-1.42), 1.00, and 1.92 (95% CI 1.60-2.30) for all-cause mortality, and 3.52 (95% CI 2.63-4.71), 2.00 (95% CI 1.46-2.73), 1.03 (95% CI 0.72-1.47), 1.00, 1.67 (95% CI 1.21-2.31) for CVD mortality, respectively. When we used the mean values of osteocalcin as the exposure, U-shaped associations were also found. These U-shaped associations were consistent among patients of different baseline characteristics. Patients with a stable or even increasing trajectory of osteocalcin may have a lower risk of both all-cause and CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS A U-shape association between baseline osteocalcin and mortality was observed among patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with lower levels of serum osteocalcin during follow-ups had higher risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Han Xia
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Rezaeinezhad N, Alizadeh R, Ghanbari-Niaki A. Short-term circuit resistance training improves insulin resistance probably via increasing circulating Adropin. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:583-588. [PMID: 35673513 PMCID: PMC9167342 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim and background The underlying mechanism of exercise-induced insulin resistance (IR) improvement is unclear. Adropin is a multifunctional peptide has a significant role in the regulation of physical activity and insulin sensitivity. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various circuit resistance (CRT) intensities on circulating adropin levels and IR and their relation. Method Forty-five voluntarily male men randomly were divided into 5 groups; control and 4 groups of CRT (20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of one-repetition maximum (1-RM)). Training groups performed CRT protocol 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Blood samples were drawn before and 48 h after the last training session and used for analyzing serum levels of adropin, glucose and insulin. Results The results showed that varying CRT intensities were associated with adropin elevation in comparison to the control group. Further analysis revealed that plasma adropin is higher in the 20% 1-RM group compared to the 40% 1-RM group. Furthermore, fasting insulin and glucose, as well as IR, were decreased in response to different CRT intensities. In addition, these reductions were significantly correlated with adropin level. Conclusion It can be speculated that different CRT intensities improve IR probably via increasing adropin level, and should be considered as an effective training method for diminishing glucose metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Rezaeinezhad
- Department of Sports Science, School of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, I.R Iran
| | - Rostam Alizadeh
- Department of Sports Science, School of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, I.R Iran
| | - Abbas Ghanbari-Niaki
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R Iran
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Коteliukh M. Predictive Model for Acute Heart Failure in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Energy and Adipokine Metabolism Indicators. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the early complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in diabetic patients. Evaluation of biomarkers of energy and adipokine metabolism can help in the early identification of diabetic patients at risk of AHF.
AIM: The present study is aimed to predict the development of AHF in diabetic patients with AMI based on energy and adipokine metabolism parameters.
METHODS: A total of 74 diabetic patients with AMI were examined between September 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020. Serum adropin, irisin, and C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To predict AHF development in AMI patients, generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was applied.
RESULTS: The serum concentrations of adropin, irisin, and CTRP3 have been found to be reduced in diabetic patients with AMI and AHF. The accuracy of predicting AHF Killip Class 1 was 96.7%, and the accuracy of prediction for AHF Killip Class 2 was 57.1%, that is, the model was poorly sensitive to this level of complications. The prediction accuracy for AHF Killip Class 3 was 80%, that is, the model was highly sensitive to complications of this level, and for AHF Killip Class 4 – 100% being the maximum level of the model sensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS: Low serum concentrations of adropin, irisin, and CTRP3 indicate an imbalance in energy and adipokine homeostasis. The constructed model predicts the probability of AHF development with high accuracy of 91.9% in diabetic patients with AMI.
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Berthou F, Sobolewski C, Abegg D, Fournier M, Maeder C, Dolicka D, Correia de Sousa M, Adibekian A, Foti M. Hepatic PTEN Signaling Regulates Systemic Metabolic Homeostasis through Hepatokines-Mediated Liver-to-Peripheral Organs Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073959. [PMID: 35409319 PMCID: PMC8999584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-derived circulating factors deeply affect the metabolism of distal organs. Herein, we took advantage of the hepatocyte-specific PTEN knockout mice (LPTENKO), a model of hepatic steatosis associated with increased muscle insulin sensitivity and decreased adiposity, to identify potential secreted hepatic factors improving metabolic homeostasis. Our results indicated that protein factors, rather than specific metabolites, released by PTEN-deficient hepatocytes trigger an improved muscle insulin sensitivity and a decreased adiposity in LPTENKO. In this regard, a proteomic analysis of conditioned media from PTEN-deficient primary hepatocytes identified seven hepatokines whose expression/secretion was deregulated. Distinct expression patterns of these hepatokines were observed in hepatic tissues from human/mouse with NAFLD. The expression of specific factors was regulated by the PTEN/PI3K, PPAR or AMPK signaling pathways and/or modulated by classical antidiabetic drugs. Finally, loss-of-function studies identified FGF21 and the triad AHSG, ANGPTL4 and LECT2 as key regulators of insulin sensitivity in muscle cells and in adipocytes biogenesis, respectively. These data indicate that hepatic PTEN deficiency and steatosis alter the expression/secretion of hepatokines regulating insulin sensitivity in muscles and the lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. These hepatokines could represent potential therapeutic targets to treat obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Berthou
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Margot Fournier
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Christine Maeder
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Dobrochna Dolicka
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Marta Correia de Sousa
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-(22)-379-52-04
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Stokar J, Gurt I, Cohen-Kfir E, Yakubovsky O, Hallak N, Benyamini H, Lishinsky N, Offir N, Tam J, Dresner-Pollak R. Hepatic Adropin is Regulated by Estrogen and Contributes to Adverse Metabolic Phenotypes in Ovariectomized Mice. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101482. [PMID: 35364299 PMCID: PMC9044006 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Menopause is associated with visceral adiposity, hepatic steatosis and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. As estrogen replacement therapy is not suitable for all postmenopausal women, a need for alternative therapeutics and biomarkers has emerged. Methods 9-week-old C57BL/6 J female mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or SHAM surgery (n = 10 per group), fed a standard diet and sacrificed 6- & 12 weeks post-surgery. Results Increased weight gain, hepatic triglyceride content and changes in hepatic gene expression of Cyp17a1, Rgs16, Fitm1 as well as Il18, Rares2, Retn, Rbp4 in mesenteric visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were observed in OVX vs. SHAM. Liver RNA-sequencing 6-weeks post-surgery revealed changes in genes and microRNAs involved in fat metabolism in OVX vs. SHAM mice. Energy Homeostasis Associated gene (Enho) coding for the hepatokine adropin was significantly reduced in OVX mice livers and strongly inversely correlated with weight gain (r = −0.7 p < 0.001) and liver triglyceride content (r = −0.4, p = 0.04), with a similar trend for serum adropin. In vitro, Enho expression was tripled by 17β-estradiol in BNL 1 ME liver cells with increased adropin in supernatant. Analysis of open-access datasets revealed increased hepatic Enho expression in estrogen treated OVX mice and estrogen dependent ERα binding to Enho. Treatment of 5-month-old OVX mice with Adropin (i.p. 450 nmol/kg/twice daily, n = 4,5 per group) for 6-weeks reversed adverse adipokine gene expression signature in VAT, with a trended increase in lean body mass and decreased liver TG content with upregulation of Rgs16. Conclusions OVX is sufficient to induce deranged metabolism in adult female mice. Hepatic adropin is regulated by estrogen, negatively correlated with adverse OVX-induced metabolic phenotypes, which were partially reversed with adropin treatment. Adropin should be further explored as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for menopause-related metabolic derangement. OVX increased body weight, liver fat & adverse visceral fat adipokine signature. OVX altered liver transcriptome & miRNA profile including fat metabolism pathways. Enho was downregulated by OVX & inversely correlated with weight gain & liver fat. Hepatic adropin expression was upregulated by estrogen in-vitro & in-vivo. Adropin treatment partially reversed OVX induced adverse metabolic phenotypes.
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Wei W, Liu H, Qiu X, Zhang J, Huang J, Chen H, Qiu S, Lin R, Li S, Tu M. The association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross‑sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:27. [PMID: 35135590 PMCID: PMC8822734 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adropin, a newly‑identified energy homeostasis protein, has been implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. This study attempts to measure the association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This cross‑sectional study was performed in 503 hospitalized patients with T2DM.Serum adropin level was measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by color Doppler sonography. The association between adropin and carotid atherosclerotic plaque was tested by logistic regression model. The effect of adropin on carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT) was estimated using linear regression model. RESULTS Overall, 280 (55.7%) patients had carotid atherosclerotic plaque. The risk of carotid atherosclerotic plaque decreased with the increment of serum adropin level (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.90; 95%CI: 0.81-0.99) in patients with T2DM. Serum adropin (Standardized β = - 0.006, p = 0.028) was also independently protective factor for CIMT in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION In patients with T2DM, high serum adropin level was correlated with a decreased risk of carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM patients. Low circulating level of adropin may promote carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Xiuping Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Jushun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Jianqing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Hangju Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Shuilin Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Ruiyu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Shihai Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China.
| | - Mei Tu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China.
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Friend or foe for obesity: how hepatokines remodel adipose tissues and translational perspective. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Serum Adropin Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020169. [PMID: 35207457 PMCID: PMC8875108 DOI: 10.3390/life12020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adropin is a secretory protein that mainly modulates metabolic homeostasis and endothelial function. There is growing evidence supporting association of adropin with various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to compare serum adropin levels between 70 patients with RA and 70 matched healthy controls. Furthermore, we explored adropin correlations with RA disease activity, glucose metabolism parameters and inflammatory biomarkers. Serum adropin levels were determined by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum adropin levels were significantly lower in RA patients than in the control group (2.85 ± 0.91 vs. 4.02 ± 0.99 ng/mL, p < 0.001). In the RA group, serum adropin levels had a significant negative correlation with total cholesterol (r = −0.172, p = 0.043), HbA1c (r = −0.406, p < 0.001), fasting glucose (r = −0.377, p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; (r = −0.315, p = 0.008)). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum adropin levels retained a significant association with levels of fasting glucose (β ± SE, −0.450 ± 0.140, p = 0.002) and HbA1c (−0.528 ± 0.223, p = 0.021) after model adjustments. These findings imply that adropin could have an impact on metabolic homeostasis in RA, although further well-designed studies are warranted in order to establish this.
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Močnik M, Marčun Varda N. Current Knowledge of Selected Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Pediatrics: Kidney Injury Molecule-1, Salusin-α and -β, Uromodulin, and Adropin. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9010102. [PMID: 35053727 PMCID: PMC8774650 DOI: 10.3390/children9010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern world. Their common denominator is atherosclerosis, a process beginning in childhood. In pediatrics, the aim of preventive measures is to recognize children and adolescents at risk for accelerated atherosclerosis and possible premature cardiovascular events in adulthood. Several diagnostic procedures and biomarkers are available for cardiovascular risk assessment in adults. However, reliable markers in pediatrics are still insufficiently studied. In this contribution, we discuss five potential biomarkers of particular interest: kidney injury molecule-1, salusin-α and -β, uromodulin, and adropin. Studies regarding the pediatric population are scarce, but they support the evidence from studies in the adult population. These markers might entail both a prognostic and a therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Močnik
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataša Marčun Varda
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Thapa D, Xie B, Mushala BA, Zhang M, Manning JR, Bugga P, Stoner MW, Jurczak MJ, Scott I. Diet-induced obese mice are resistant to improvements in cardiac function resulting from short-term adropin treatment. Curr Res Physiol 2022; 5:55-62. [PMID: 35128468 PMCID: PMC8803554 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that treatment with recombinant adropin, a circulating peptide secreted by the liver and brain, restores glucose utilization in the hearts of diet-induced obese mice. This restoration of fuel substrate flexibility, which is lost in obese and diabetic animals, has the potential to improve contractile function in the diabetic heart. Using an ex vivo approach, we examined whether short-term adropin treatment could enhance cardiac function in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Our study showed that acute adropin treatment reduces inhibitory phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in primary neonatal cardiomyocytes, and leads to moderate improvements in ex vivo cardiac function in mice fed a low fat diet. Conversely, short-term exposure to adropin led to a small decrease in cardiac function in mice fed a long-term high fat diet. Insulin treatment did not significantly alter cardiac function in adropin treated hearts from either low or high fat diet mice, however acute adropin treatment did moderately restore some aspects of downstream insulin signaling in high fat diet fed mice. Overall, these data suggest that in an ex vivo setting, acute adropin treatment alone is not sufficient to promote improved cardiac function in obese animals. Adropin promotes cardiac glucose utilization in hearts from diet-induced obese mice. In this study, we examined whether adropin treatment improves ex vivo cardiac function in obesity. While adropin improves contractile function in lean mice, its impact is lost after exposure to a long-term high fat diet. Adropin fails to fully restore cardiac insulin signaling in obese mouse hearts.
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Ghoshal S, Banerjee S, Zhang J, Niehoff ML, Farr SA, Butler AA. Adropin transgenesis improves recognition memory in diet-induced obese LDLR-deficient C57BL/6J mice. Peptides 2021; 146:170678. [PMID: 34695512 PMCID: PMC8649943 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic dysregulation causes mild cognitive impairment and increased risk for dementia. We used an LDLR-deficient C57BL/6J mouse model (LDLRKO) to investigate whether adropin, a neuropeptide linked to neurodegenerative diseases, improves cognitive function in situations of metabolic dysregulation. Adropin transgenic mice (AdrTG) were crossed with LDLRKO; male and female progeny were fed a high fat diet for 3-months. Male chow-fed wild type (WT) mice were used as controls. Diet-induced obesity and LDLR-deficiency caused severe dyslipidemia, irrespective of sex. The AdrTG prevented reduced adropin protein levels in LDLRKO cortex. In males, metabolic dysregulation and AdrTG genotype significantly and bi-directionally affected performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) test, a declarative hippocampal memory task (discrimination index mean ± SE for WT, 0.02 ± 0.088; LDLRKO, -0.115 ± 0.077; AdrTG;LDLRKO, 0.265 ± 0.078; genotype effect, p = 0.009; LDLRKO vs. AdrTG;LDLRKO, P < 0.05). A 2-way ANOVA (fixed variables: sex, AdrTG genotype) indicated a highly significant effect of AdrTG (P = 0.003). The impact of the diet-genotype interaction on the male mouse brain was investigated using RNA-seq. Gene-ontology analysis of transcripts showing fold-changes of>1.3 or <-1.3 (P < 0.05) indicated metabolic dysregulation affected gene networks involved in intercellular/neuronal signaling, immune processes, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix organization. The AdrTG selectively attenuated the impact of metabolic dysregulation on intercellular/neuronal signaling pathways. Intercellular/neuronal signaling pathways were also the predominant processes overrepresented when directly comparing AdrTG;LDLRKO with LDRKO. In summary, adropin overexpression improves cognitive function in severe metabolic dysregulation through pathways related to cell-cell communication and neuronal processes, and independently of preventing inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbani Ghoshal
- Department of Biological Science and Geology, QCC-CUNY, Bayside, NY, USA
| | - Subhashis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael L Niehoff
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine and Saint Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service, John Cochran Division, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan A Farr
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine and Saint Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service, John Cochran Division, St. Louis, MO, USA; Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Butler AA, Havel PJ. Adropin and insulin resistance: Integration of endocrine, circadian, and stress signals regulating glucose metabolism. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1799-1801. [PMID: 34549523 PMCID: PMC8570992 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of hepatic glucose production (HGP) and glucose disposal leads to hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia results from the declining ability of insulin to reduce HGP and increase glucose disposal, as well as inadequate ß-cell compensation for insulin resistance. Hyperglucagonemia resulting from reduced suppression of glucagon secretion by insulin contributes to hyperglycemia by stimulating HGP. The actions of pancreatic hormones are normally complemented by peptides secreted by cells distributed throughout the body. This regulatory network has provided new therapeutics for obesity and type 2 diabetes (e.g., glucagon-like peptide 1). Other peptide hormones under investigation show promise in preclinical studies. Recent experiments using mice and nonhuman primates indicate the small secreted peptide hormone adropin regulates glucose metabolism. Here, recent expression profiling data indicating hepatic adropin expression increases with oxidative stress and declines with fasting or in the presence of hepatic insulin resistance and how adropin interacts with the pancreatic hormones, insulin, and glucagon to modulate glycemic control are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Butler
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Peter J. Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Es-Haghi A, Al-Abyadh T, Mehrad-Majd H. The Clinical Value of Serum Adropin Level in Early Detection of Diabetic Nephropathy. Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 46:734-740. [PMID: 34644709 DOI: 10.1159/000519173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Adropin is a metabolic hormone secreted by the liver, brain, and many peripheral tissues and is involved in energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Some reports have indicated a significant decrease in serum adropin levels in type 2 diabetic patients. However, the significance of a decline in adropin level in early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of adropin in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without nephropathy. METHODS A total of 135 unrelated subjects (including 45 diabetic patients with nephropathy, 45 without nephropathy, and 45 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected from all patients. Serum adropin levels of all cases were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The correlations of serum adropin levels with anthropometric and biochemistry variables were determined. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of adropin with odds of nephropathy. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained to explore the optimum serum adropin concentration in distinguishing diabetic patients with and without nephropathy. RESULTS Diabetic patients with nephropathy showed lower serum adropin levels than those in patients without nephropathy and healthy controls (p < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that serum adropin was negatively correlated with BMI, FBS, HbA1c, blood urea, creatinine, LDL, and ACR and positively correlated with HDL and albumin. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum adropin was correlated with decreased risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, in ROC analysis, at cutoff value 3.20 (mg/dL) with an AUC = 0.830, adropin had 80% sensitivity and 60% specificity for distinguishing the diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that decreased level of adropin is associated with renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum adropin concentrations may be used as a biomarker for early detection of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Es-Haghi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tuqa Al-Abyadh
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrad-Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Role of Adropin in Cardiometabolic Disorders: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Target. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101407. [PMID: 34680524 PMCID: PMC8533182 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a large amount of data supports the crucial role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there is a large bench-to-bedside chasm between basic and clinical research of ED, limiting the implementation of these findings in everyday clinical settings. Hence, it is important to further investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ED and find modalities that will alleviate its clinical implementation. Adropin, a highly conserved peptide hormone secreted primarily by the liver, recently emerged as an important regulatory component of the vascular endothelium. Specifically, the vasoprotective role of adropin is achieved mainly by affecting endothelial NO synthesis. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of adropin in physiological processes and address the protective role of adropin in endothelium with consequent implications to CV pathologies. We focused on data regarding the role of adropin in the clinical setting, with concurrent implications to future clinical use of adropin. Studies suggest that plasma levels of adropin correlate with indices of ED in various pathologies and enhanced disease progression, implying that adropin may serve as a useful biomarker of ED in the upcoming future. On the other hand, despite notable results with respect to therapeutic potential of adropin in preliminary experiments, further well-designed studies are warranted in order to establish if adropin might be beneficial in this setting.
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Akbaba E, Sezgin B, Edgünlü T. The role of adropin, salusin-α, netrin-1, and nesfatin-1 in endometriosis and their association with insulin resistance. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 18:175-180. [PMID: 34580399 PMCID: PMC8480212 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2021.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The pathogenesis of endometriosis has not been clearly explained. Inflammatory factors of ectopic implantation and the growth of ectopic endometrial cells have been subjects of major interest. The number of studies evaluating salusin-α and nesfatin-1 markers in patients with endometriosis is limited. No studies have evaluated the levels of anti-inflammatory markers for adropin and netrin-1 in patients with endometriosis. This study investigates how some important inflammatory regulatory markers in the inflammatory process affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis and determines whether any relationship exists between serum levels of these parameters and endometriosis and insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 73 patients with endometriosis diagnosed histopathologically after laparoscopic surgery and 75 healthy controls. Serum adropin, salusin-α, netrin-1, and nesfatin-1 levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values of the participants were measured. Results: The endometriosis group had significantly lower nesfatin-1 levels than the control group (3.0±0.53 vs 9.5±0.94, p=0.005). Between the patient and control groups, there was no difference regarding serum adropin, salusin-α, and netrin-1 levels (p=0.36, p=0.34, p=0.75, respectively). Nesfatin-1 had a significant positive correlation with adropin, salusin-α, and netrin-1 (r=0.563, p<0.01; r=0.738, p<0.01; r=0.700, p<0.01, respectively), but had a negative correlation with fasting blood glucose (r=−0.343, p<0.05). HOMA-IR values were comparable between both groups. Conclusion: The lower nesfatin-1 levels leading to increased inflammatory pathway activity in patients with endometriosis might play a role in endometriosis pathogenesis. Without causing systemic insulin resistance, decreased nesfatin-1 might contribute to endometriosis pathogenesis locally by leading to the reduced insulin susceptibility of endometriosis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Akbaba
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Burak Sezgin
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Tuba Edgünlü
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Muğla, Turkey
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Cinkir U, Bir LS, Topsakal S, Avci Cicek E, Tekin S. Investigation of blood leptin and adropin levels in patients with multiple sclerosis: A CONSORT-clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27247. [PMID: 34664869 PMCID: PMC8448068 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of adipokines have been investigated in multiple sclerosis (MS) in the literature. Results are uncertain, and subgroups like adropin have not been previously studied. We primarily aimed to determine leptin and adropin levels in MS and their potential use as a biomarker. METHODS This study was an experimental research. While 44 MS patients diagnosed according to McDonald criteria were included in the patient group, 40 people without MS diagnosis and risk factors took part in the control group. Demographic data, height, weight, body mass index, blood glucose, thyroid-stimulating hormone, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, adropin levels, presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease were recorded. Expanded disability status scale and disease duration were also evaluated in the patient group. Our data were presented as mean ± standard deviations. RESULTS The mean blood leptin value of the patient group (6.12 ± 5.34 ng/mL) was significantly lower than the value of the control group (13.02 ± 8.25 ng/mL) (P < .001). The patient group had a mean adropin level of 504.12 ± 311.17 ng/mL, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (747.0 ± 309.42 ng/mL) (P < .001). Statistically insignificant differences were found between their body mass index, glucose, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, thyroid-stimulating hormone, low-density lipoprotein levels (P > .001). CONCLUSION This is the first study that has evaluated adropin levels in patients with MS. The relationship between MS and leptin levels is still unclear. Therefore, our study might be helpful to elucidate MS pathogenesis and provide supportive criteria for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Cinkir
- Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Senay Topsakal
- Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Selma Tekin
- Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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Chen TC, Huang TH, Tseng WC, Tseng KW, Hsieh CC, Chen MY, Chou TY, Huang YC, Chen HL, Nosaka K. Changes in plasma C1q, apelin and adropin concentrations in older adults after descending and ascending stair walking intervention. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17644. [PMID: 34480035 PMCID: PMC8417101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared changes in plasma complement component 1q (C1q), apelin and adropin concentrations in older obese women after descending (DSW) and ascending stair walking (ASW) training (n = 15/group) performed twice a week for 12 weeks, with gradual increases in exercise time from 5 to 60 min. Fasting blood samples were collected 3 days before the first and 4 days after the last training session. The improvements in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) strength of the knee extensors, functional physical fitness [e.g., 30-s chair stand (CS) performance], resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), insulin sensitivity [e.g., oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)] and blood lipid profiles [e.g., total cholesterol (TC)] were greater (p < 0.05) in the DSW than ASW group. Plasma C1q decreased (− 51 ± 30%), and apelin (23 ± 15%) and adropin (127 ± 106%) increased (p ≤ .0.05) only after DSW. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) partial correlations were found between the pre- to post-DSW changes in C1q, apelin or adropin and changes in outcome measures [e.g., C1q and MVIC (r = − 0.837), apelin and SBP (r = − 0.854), and andropin and OGTT (r = − 0.729)]. These results showed that greater decreases in plasma C1q and greater increases in apelin and adropin concentrations were associated with greater improvements in outcome measures after DSW than after ASW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor C Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, P.O. Box 97-71, Wenshan Wansheng, Taipei City, 11699, Taiwan.
| | - Tsang-Hai Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Tseng
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Tseng
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chan Hsieh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, P.O. Box 97-71, Wenshan Wansheng, Taipei City, 11699, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ying Chou
- Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chuan Huang
- Physical Education Office, Ming Chuan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lian Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, National Chiayi University, Chaiyi County, Taiwan
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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