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Helwig NJ, Schwager LE, Berry AC, Zucker AC, Venenga JS, Sterbenz SC, Jenkins ND. Acute, dose-response effects of guayusa leaf extract on mood, cognitive and motor-cognitive performance, and blood pressure, heart rate, and ventricular repolarization. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2379424. [PMID: 39014963 PMCID: PMC11257001 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2379424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in young adults to examine the dose-dependent (600 mg versus 1200 mg), acute effects of consumption of an Ilex guayusa tea extract (GLE) on mood, cognitive and motor-cognitive performance, as well as its acute cardiovascular effects. METHODS Twenty-five adults (mean ± SD, age = 28 ± 7 y; 9 M/16 F) completed familiarization and then three randomly ordered experimental visits where they consumed either 600 mg (GLE600) or 1200 mg (GLE1200) GLE or placebo (PLA). Following supplement consumption, participants completed a mood state survey, assessments of perceived jitteriness, energy, and focus, and neurocognitive and motor-cognitive testing. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and QT interval length were determined before and after supplementation. RESULTS GLE600 significantly improved total mood disturbance (mean ± SE difference = -6.9 ± 2.6 au, p = 0.034), fatigue-inertia (-2.84 ± 0.89 au, p = 0.008), perceived energy (+13.00 ± 4.49 au; p = 0.02), motor speed (+4.52 ± 1.42 au, p = 0.008), and psychomotor speed (+7.20 ± 2.16 au, p = 0.005) relative to PLA. GLE1200 also improved psychomotor speed (+5.08 ± 2.16 ms, p = 0.045) and uniquely increased motor-cognitive performance as reflected by a decrease in reaction time (-0.106 ± 0.04 ms, p = 0.026) during a neurocognitive hop test. The effect of GLE on jitteriness was both dose- and sex-dependent. Jitteriness increased with increasing GLE dose in women only (p < 0.001). Both GLE600 and GLE1200 similarly increased systolic and diastolic BP by 4-5 mmHg (p ≤ 0.022). Neither GLE600 nor GLE1200 acutely influenced QTc length (p = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS The goal of GLE supplementation should be considered when selecting a dosing strategy. Lower dosages of GLE (e.g. 600 mg) appear to optimize cognitive and mood-related outcomes while limiting side-effects such as jitteriness in women, and higher dosages may be necessary (e.g. 1200 mg) to promote improvements in motor-cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Helwig
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Laura E. Schwager
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alexander C. Berry
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anna C. Zucker
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jacob S. Venenga
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samantha C. Sterbenz
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
- University of Iowa, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Scapec B, Grgic J, Varovic D, Mikulic P. Caffeine, but not paracetamol (acetaminophen), enhances muscular endurance, strength, and power. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2400513. [PMID: 39246027 PMCID: PMC11385662 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2400513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeine is one of the most popular ergogenic aids consumed by athletes. Caffeine's ergogenic effect has been generally explained by its ability to bind to adenosine receptors, thus modulating pain and reducing perceived exertion. Another pharmacological agent that may improve performance due to its analgesic proprieties is paracetamol. This study aimed to explore the effects of caffeine, paracetamol, and caffeine + paracetamol consumption on muscular endurance, strength, power, anaerobic endurance, and jumping performance. METHODS In this randomized, crossover, double-blind study, 29 resistance-trained participants (11 men and 18 women) ingested either a placebo, caffeine (3 mg/kg), paracetamol (1500 mg) or caffeine + paracetamol 45 min before the testing sessions. The testing sessions included performing the bench press exercise with 75% of one-repetition maximum to momentary muscular failure, isokinetic knee extension and flexion at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec, Wingate, and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. RESULTS Compared to placebo, isolated caffeine ingestion increased the number of repetitions performed in the bench press (p = 0.005; d = 0.42). Compared to placebo, isolated caffeine ingestion and/or caffeine + paracetamol consumption was ergogenic for strength (torque), muscular endurance (total work), or power in the isokinetic assessment, particularly at slower angular velocities (p = 0.027 to 0.002; d = 0.16 to 0.26). No significant differences between the conditions were observed for outcomes related to the Wingate and CMJ tests. CONCLUSION This study provided novel evidence into the effectiveness of caffeine, paracetamol, and their combination on exercise performance. We found improvements in muscular endurance, strength, or power only when caffeine was consumed in isolation, or in combination with paracetamol. Isolated paracetamol consumption did not improve performance for any of the analyzed outcomes, thus calling into question its ergogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela Scapec
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jozo Grgic
- National University of Singapore, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- National University Health System, Centre for Healthy Longevity, Singapore
| | - Dorian Varovic
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pavle Mikulic
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
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Antonio J, Newmire DE, Stout JR, Antonio B, Gibbons M, Lowery LM, Harper J, Willoughby D, Evans C, Anderson D, Goldstein E, Rojas J, Monsalves-Álvarez M, Forbes SC, Gomez Lopez J, Ziegenfuss T, Moulding BD, Candow D, Sagner M, Arent SM. Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show? J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2323919. [PMID: 38466174 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2323919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is a popular ergogenic aid that has a plethora of evidence highlighting its positive effects. A Google Scholar search using the keywords "caffeine" and "exercise" yields over 200,000 results, emphasizing the extensive research on this topic. However, despite the vast amount of available data, it is intriguing that uncertainties persist regarding the effectiveness and safety of caffeine. These include but are not limited to: 1. Does caffeine dehydrate you at rest? 2. Does caffeine dehydrate you during exercise? 3. Does caffeine promote the loss of body fat? 4. Does habitual caffeine consumption influence the performance response to acute caffeine supplementation? 5. Does caffeine affect upper vs. lower body performance/strength differently? 6. Is there a relationship between caffeine and depression? 7. Can too much caffeine kill you? 8. Are there sex differences regarding caffeine's effects? 9. Does caffeine work for everyone? 10. Does caffeine cause heart problems? 11. Does caffeine promote the loss of bone mineral? 12. Should pregnant women avoid caffeine? 13. Is caffeine addictive? 14. Does waiting 1.5-2.0 hours after waking to consume caffeine help you avoid the afternoon "crash?" To answer these questions, we performed an evidence-based scientific evaluation of the literature regarding caffeine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio
- Nova Southeastern University, Department of Health and Human Performance, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Daniel E Newmire
- Texas Woman's University, Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- University of Central Florida, College of Health Professions and Sciences, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Brandi Antonio
- University of Central Florida, College of Health Professions and Sciences, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Lonnie M Lowery
- Nutrition, Exercise and Wellness Associates, Cuyahoga Falls, OH, USA
- Walsh University, Department of Exercise Science, North Canton, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Harper
- Walsh University, Department of Exercise Science, North Canton, OH, USA
| | - Darryn Willoughby
- School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX, USA
| | - Cassandra Evans
- Nova Southeastern University, Department of Health and Human Performance, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Dawn Anderson
- Indiana Tech, Exercise and Sport Performance Laboratory, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Erica Goldstein
- Stetson University, Department of Health Sciences, Deland, FL, USA
| | - Jose Rojas
- Keiser University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Matías Monsalves-Álvarez
- Universidad de O´Higgins, Exercise Metabolism and Nutrition Laboratory. Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Rancagua, Chile
- Motion Human Performance Laboratory, Lo Barnechea, Chile
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Brandon University, Department of Physical Education Studies, CBrandon, MB, Canada
| | | | - Tim Ziegenfuss
- The Center for Applied Health Sciences, Canfield, OH, USA
| | - Blake D Moulding
- University of Regina, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Darren Candow
- University of Regina, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, SK, Canada
| | | | - Shawn M Arent
- University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA
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4
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Wang L, Wen S, Li X, Maxwell A, Chi H, Fan S, Wang G, Guo Q, Lu P. Associations between soft drinks intake and primary dysmenorrhea among Chinese undergraduate female students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21210. [PMID: 39261539 PMCID: PMC11390748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common global health concern. However, limited studies explored the association between soft drinks intake and PD among female undergraduates in China. To determine the association between soft drinks (carbonated soft drinks, etc.) as well coffee intake and the incidence/severity of PD among female undergraduates in China. We performed a cross-sectional study among 1809 female undergraduates in China from September 29, 2020 to October 22, 2020. The demographic information and menstrual information of the participants were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire. Chi-square test, ANOVA test, and logistic regression test were used to investigate the association between soft drinks intake and the incidence/severity of PD. We also conducted stratification analysis among different locations (rural or urban). The prevalence of PD was 47.1% (n = 852). There were 221 (25.9%) participants suffered from severe pain. In the participants with PD, the OR of carbonated soft drinks intake was 1.244 (95% CI 1.010-1.533). Among the participants with PD from rural areas, the OR of carbonated soft drinks intake was 1.402 (95% CI 1.045-1.881), compared with the non-carbonated soft drink group. In the participants with moderate and severe PD, the OR of coffee intake was 0.451 (95% CI 0.228-0.892), compared with the non-coffee-drinking group. There was a significant association between carbonated soft drinks intake frequency and the severity of PD (P < 0.05). Our study showed that carbonated soft drinks intake is a risk factor for PD, especially in participants from rural areas. Coffee intake is a protective factor for the severity of PD. Periodical awareness programs about adverse effects of excessive soft drink consumption should be introduced to reduce the prevalence and exacerbation of PD. Coffee intake might be helpful to relieve the severity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Wang
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Wen
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ahiafor Maxwell
- Tsinghua Medicine - School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwei Chi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shijie Fan
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guanghe Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- College of Child Development and Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Lu
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, China.
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Kassim FM. Acute caffeine administration impaired spatial working memory in habitual coffee/tea drinkers: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 64:21-25. [PMID: 39244155 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although coffee consumption is widespread worldwide, a recent study showed that acute intake of caffeine negatively affects working memory (WM) performance on n-back tasks among habitual caffeine consumers. However, there is a scarcity of double-blind, placebo-controlled studies that assess the spatial WM (SWM) effects of caffeine using spatial span tasks. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effects of acute caffeine administration (200 mg, PO) on SWM and verbal WM (VWM) among habitual caffeine consumers. METHODS The effects of caffeine on working memory (WM) was evaluated through the administration of backward digit span and spatial span tasks under a delay-dependent condition (0, 4, 8, and 6 s) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 18 healthy participants. This data is derived from our previous published study. The total scores obtained and the maximum scores achieved were the primary outcome variables of the study. RESULTS Caffeine had a significant impact on SWM (maximum obtained, p = 0.013; for total scored, p = 0.007) in a delay-independent manner. However, there were no significant main effects of caffeine on VWM (p = 0.82 for maximum obtained, p = 0.56 for total scored). CONCLUSION Overall, the present findings contradict the commonly held belief that caffeine improves cognitive performance and suggest that acute administration of caffeine may impair SWM in habitual coffee/tea drinkers. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CT-2018-CTN-02561 (Therapeutic Goods Administration Clinical Trial Registry) and ACTRN12618001292268 (The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Mohammed Kassim
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Psychopharmacology Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Suenaga S, Kataoka H, Hasegawa K, Koga R, Tsunoda C, Kuwashima W, Tsuchida T, Goto S. How Does the Powder Mixture of Ibuprofen and Caffeine Attenuate the Solubility of Ibuprofen? Comparative Study for the Xanthine Derivatives to Recognize Their Intermolecular Interactions Using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectra, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray Powder Diffractometry (XRPD). Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4524-4540. [PMID: 39109552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Molecular interactions between active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and xanthine (XAT) derivatives were analyzed using singular value decomposition (SVD). XAT derivatives were mixed with equimolar amounts of ibuprofen (IBP) and diclofenac (DCF), and their dissolution behaviors were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The solubility of IBP decreased in mixtures with caffeine (CFN) and theophylline (TPH), whereas that of DCF increased in mixtures with CFN and TPH. No significant differences were observed between the mixtures of theobromine (TBR) or XAT with IBP and DCF. Mixtures with various molar ratios were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to further explore these interactions. The results were subjected to SVD. This analysis provides valuable insights into the differences in interaction strength and predicted interaction sites between XAT derivatives and APIs based on the combinations that form mixtures. The results also showed the impact of the XAT derivatives on the dissolution behavior of IBP and DCF. Although IBP and DCF were found to form intermolecular interactions with CFN and TPH, these effects resulted in a reduction of the solubility of IBP and an increase in the solubility of DCF. The current approach has the potential to predict various interactions that may occur in different combinations, thereby contributing to a better understanding of the impact of health supplements on pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoya Suenaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Hikaru Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Kanji Hasegawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Ryotaro Koga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Chihiro Tsunoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Wataru Kuwashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Tomohiro Tsuchida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
| | - Satoru Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510
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7
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Machado NJ, Ardais AP, Nunes A, Szabó EC, Silveirinha V, Silva HB, Kaster MP, Cunha RA. Impact of Coffee Intake on Measures of Wellbeing in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:2920. [PMID: 39275237 PMCID: PMC11396897 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Coffee intake is increasingly recognized as a life-style factor associated with the preservation of health, but there is still a debate on the relative effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. We now tested how the regular drinking of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee for 3 weeks impacted on the behavior of male and female adult mice. Males drinking caffeinated coffee displayed statistically significant lower weight gain, increased sensorimotor coordination, greater motivation in the splash test, more struggling in the forced swimming test, faster onset of nest building, more marble burying and greater sociability. Females drinking caffeinated coffee displayed statistically significant increased hierarchy fighting, greater self-care and motivation in the splash test and faster onset of nest building. A post-hoc two-way ANOVA revealed sex-differences in the effects of caffeinated coffee (p values for interaction between the effect of caffeinated coffee and sex) on the hierarchy in the tube test (p = 0.044; dominance), in the time socializing (p = 0.044) and in the latency to grooming (p = 0.048; selfcare), but not in the marble burying test (p = 0.089). Intake of decaffeinated coffee was devoid of effects in males and females. Since caffeine targets adenosine receptors, we verified that caffeinated but not decaffeinated coffee intake increased the density of adenosine A1 receptors (A1R) and increased A1R-mediated tonic inhibition of synaptic transmission in the dorsolateral striatum and ventral but not dorsal hippocampus, the effects being more evident in the ventral hippocampus of females and striatum of males. In contrast, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee both ameliorated the antioxidant status in the frontal cortex. It is concluded that caffeinated coffee increases A1R-mediated inhibition in mood-related areas bolstering wellbeing of both males and females, with increased sociability in males and hierarchy struggling and self-care in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno J Machado
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Ardais
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Nunes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eszter C Szabó
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vasco Silveirinha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuella P Kaster
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- MIA-Portugal, Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Eiró-Quirino L, Yoshino FK, de Amorim GC, de Araújo DB, Barbosa GB, de Souza LV, Dos Santos MF, Hamoy MKO, Dos Santos RG, Amóras LHB, Gurgel do Amaral AL, Hartcopff PFP, de Souza RV, da Silva Deiga Y, Hamoy M. Recording of hippocampal activity on the effect of convulsant doses of caffeine. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117148. [PMID: 39032287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Seizures occur when there is a hyper-excitation of the outer layer of the brain, with subsequent excessive synchrony in a group of neurons. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 50 million people are affected by this disease, a third of whom are resistant to the treatments available on the market. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), which belongs to the purine alkaloid family, is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. It is ingested by people through drinks containing this substance, such as coffee, and as an adjuvant in analgesic therapy with non-steroidal antiflammatory drugs. The present study evaluated the electrocorticographic changes observed in the hippocampus of Wistar rats subjected to acute doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p), which represents a toxic dose of caffeine corresponding to an estimated acute intake of more than 12 cups of coffee to record its convulsant activity. Our results showed, for the first time, that the administration of high doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p.) in rats caused an increase in the spectral distribution of power in all frequency bands and suggested the appearance of periods of ictal and interictal peaks in the electrocorticogram (ECog). We have also shown that the anticonvulsants phenytoin, diazepam and phenobarbital have a satisfactory response when associated with caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Eiró-Quirino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Kiyoshi Yoshino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Gloria Calandrini de Amorim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brito Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Luana Vasconcelos de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Murilo Farias Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Laís Helena Baptista Amóras
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Anthony Lucas Gurgel do Amaral
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Priscille Fidelis Pacheco Hartcopff
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Vieira de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Yris da Silva Deiga
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
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9
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Niknam A, Abdullahi MH, Hemmatinafar M, Alaeifar AH, Koushkie Jahromi M. Low and High Doses of Espresso Coffee Improve Repeated Sprint Performance and Eye-Hand Coordination Following Fatigue Status in Male Basketball Players. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:104427. [PMID: 39398497 PMCID: PMC11471136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although several studies have evaluated the effect of coffee on sports performance, the effect of caffeine on sports performance during fatigue status remains unclear. Objectives This study aimed to determine the effect of high and low doses of coffee on the repeated sprint test (RST), perceived fatigue (PF), and eye-hand coordination following physical fatigue status in male basketball players. Methods Twenty-four male basketball players were randomly placed in 4 conditions including 1) low-dose espresso coffee (LDEC); 2) high-dose espresso coffee (HDEC); 3) decaffeinated espresso coffee (PLA); and 4) no drinking (CON). PF and eye-hand coordination were measured using the soda pop test (SPT) at baseline, immediately after the RST, and 5 min after the 10 all-out sprints with a 30-s interval of RST. Results The time of the first to tenth sprints (RST1 to RST10), total time (RST-TT), mean time (RST-MT), best time (RST-BT), and percentage of performance decrement (PD) were recorded. Coffee dose-dependently significantly improved RST-TT, RST-MT, and RST-BT compared with PLA and CON. PF increased significantly in all conditions immediately after RST compared with baseline. Five minutes after RST, PF was reduced compared to immediately after RST. Immediately after RST, coffee reduced PF dose-dependently compared with PLA and CON. SPT decreased immediately after RST in PLA and CON compared with baseline, whereas no significant change was observed for LDEC and HDEC. At baseline and immediately after RST, coffee and placebo consumption increased SPT performance compared with CON. Immediately and 5 min after RST, coffee increased SPT performance compared to PLA dose-dependently. Conclusions HDEC and LDEC improved RST performance and eye-hand coordination in male basketball players. However, HDEC showed a more profound effect compared with LDEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Niknam
- Department of Sports Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Abdullahi
- Department of Sports Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hemmatinafar
- Department of Sports Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Alaeifar
- Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Karaj Payam Noor University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Koushkie Jahromi
- Department of Sports Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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10
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Soltani Rad MN, Behrouz S, Charbaghi M, Behrouz M, Zarenezhad E, Ghanbariasad A. Design, synthesis, anticancer and in silico assessment of 8-caffeinyl chalcone hybrid conjugates. RSC Adv 2024; 14:26674-26693. [PMID: 39175679 PMCID: PMC11340408 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04787g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of novel 8-caffeinyl chalcone hybrid conjugates, which were studied for their anticancer properties, toxicity, and in silico behavior. The synthesized compounds consist of 8-caffeinyl and chalcone structures with diverse substituents. The synthesis involved three main stages: bromination of caffeine to produce 8-BC, synthesis of chalcones, and subsequent coupling of these chalcones with 8-BC. The anticancer activity of the resulting compounds was evaluated in vitro against breast cancer MCF-7 and melanoma A-375 cell lines, revealing certain compounds to have significant efficacy compared to the reference drug methotrexate. Toxicity assessments using a healthy cell line indicated that most compounds displayed some level of toxicity, with only a few exceptions. Molecular docking studies indicated robust binding affinities of selected compounds to B-RAF kinase and hDHFR enzymes. In silico analyses of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties demonstrated that the majority of the compounds adhered to Lipinski's rule of five. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) studies were performed to gain deeper insights into the properties of the intermediates used throughout the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Navid Soltani Rad
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran +98-71-3735-4520 +98-71-3735-4500
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Novel Technology for Health Research Center, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran
| | - Somayeh Behrouz
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran +98-71-3735-4520 +98-71-3735-4500
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Novel Technology for Health Research Center, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran
| | - Maedeh Charbaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran +98-71-3735-4520 +98-71-3735-4500
| | - Marzieh Behrouz
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz 71555-313 Iran +98-71-3735-4520 +98-71-3735-4500
| | - Elham Zarenezhad
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbariasad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
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11
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Ghanem KZ, Ramadan MM, Mohammed AT, Mahmoud AE, Babintsev K, Elmessery WM, El-Messery TM. Enhancing the antioxidant properties of functional herbal beverages using Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction: Optimized formulation and synergistic combinations of taurine and vit. C. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35685. [PMID: 39170107 PMCID: PMC11336876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional herbal beverages are gaining popularity in the beverage industry due to their natural antioxidants. However, the high concentration of antioxidants in these beverages can lead to increased toxicity, limiting their use. Moreover, the composition of tap water, including mineral salts and hydrogen carbonate ions, hampers the extraction process of polyphenolic compounds, thereby reducing the antioxidant properties. This study aims to address these challenges by enhancing antioxidant properties, reducing toxic effects, and improving the extraction process. Low-dose herbal extracts of green tea, rosemary, milk thistle, and sage were extracted using 100 ml of boiling water as a solvent, with ultrasonication employed for 20 min. Taurine, vit. C, and their combination were added to the extracts. The antioxidant properties, polyphenol, and flavonoid content were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the low-dose herbal tea combined with taurine and vit. C exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to high-dose tea. Notably, the combination of taurine and vit. C showed the strongest synergistic effect. The addition of vit. C to these combinations eliminated any antagonism and resulted in a robust synergistic effect. The optimal conditions for enhancing antioxidant properties were determined as follows: an herbal type of 0.030 ≈ 0 (sage), vit. C concentration of 0.045 g/100 ml, and taurine concentration of 0.179 g/100 ml. The measured responses for reducing power, DPPH, and ABTS were 0.152 μg vit. C equivalent/ml, 67.778 %, and 87.630 %, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing the antioxidant properties of herbal beverages through the synergistic combinations of taurine and vit. C. By employing proper preparation techniques and including taurine and vit. C, the antioxidant capacity of these beverages can be significantly improved, potentially offering health benefits against degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadry Z. Ghanem
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Ramadan
- Chemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Member of National Committee for Nutritional Science in Egypt, Egypt
| | - Amira Taha Mohammed
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre. Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer E. Mahmoud
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre. Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kirill Babintsev
- International Research Centre “Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium”, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Wael M. Elmessery
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt
- Engineering Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Baja California Sur, 23201, Mexico
| | - Tamer M. El-Messery
- International Research Centre “Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium”, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 191002, Russia
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12
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Zhuang S, Li H, Lin Y, Huang M, Zhang W, Zhang X, Lin Y, Zhang C. The Effect of COVID-19 Infection on Orofacial Pain: A Cross-sectional Study. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00198-9. [PMID: 39098481 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 infection shows variant symptoms apart from respiratory symptoms, including the orofacial pain. We aim to research the morbidity, characteristics and potential risk factors of orofacial pain associated with COVID-19 pandemic in China from December 2022 to early 2023. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Fujian Province, China. The demographic and characteristic data of the subjects were collected and analysed. RESULTS A total of 1526 subjects responded to the survey. The morbidity of orofacial pain increased significantly before and after COVID-19 infection. (42.26% vs. 46.52%, P < .001) A total of 217 (14.22%) subjects with orofacial pain before COVID-19 infection reported the phenomenon of "COVID-19 infection with orofacial pain" (CIOP). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression showed that male (OR = 1.761, P < .001) and other symptoms of COVID-19 (OR = 1.494, P < .001) may be the risk factors for the aggravation of CIOP, while the time of first infection (OR = 0.580, P = .004) and preference for drinking tea or coffee (OR = 0.610, P = .003) may be the protective factors for the aggravation of CIOP. While, the subjects who did not concern about the spread of COVID-19 in oral treatment (OR = 0.639, P = .001), female (OR = 0.749, P = .03), education level (OR = 1.687, P < .001) and income level (OR = 1.796, P < .001), higher PSS-10 score (OR = 1.076, P < .001), and more drugs taken for infection (OR = 1.330, P < .001) were more willing to seek medical treatment. CONCLUSION The morbidity of orofacial pain appears to have increased significantly due to the COVID-19 epidemic; a number of factors can influence the CIOP including gender, infection period, and beverage preference' psychological factors, gender, education and income level can also influence the intent to seek a dentist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhuang
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Stomatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Orthopedic Bone and Joint Disease and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiming Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Orthopedic Bone and Joint Disease and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mei Huang
- School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Orthopedic Bone and Joint Disease and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yunzhi Lin
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Stomatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Orthopedic Bone and Joint Disease and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Fuzhou, China.
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Glaister M, Lythgoe D, Kamath S. The Effects of Caffeine on Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability at Rest and During Submaximal Cycling Exercise. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39008947 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2377303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine on heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during submaximal exercise. Using a balanced, double-blind, randomized, crossover design, 16 male cyclists (age: 37 ± 9 years; V ˙ O2max: 4.44 ± 0.67 L·min-1) completed three trials in an air-conditioned laboratory. In Trial 1, cyclists completed two incremental cycling tests to establish the V ˙ O2-power output relationship and V ˙ O2max. In trials 2 and 3, cyclists were evaluated for heart rate and HRV at rest, after which they ingested a capsule containing 5 mg·kg-1 of caffeine or placebo. Thirty-five minutes post-supplementation, additional resting heart rate and HRV readings were taken after which cyclists completed a submaximal incremental cycling test (6 min stages) at 40-80% of V ˙ O2max; with HR and HRV measurements taken in the last 5 min of each increment. HRV was determined from the root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals. There were significant supplement × exercise intensity interactions on heart rate (p = .019) and HRV (p = .023), with post hoc tests on the latter showing that caffeine increased HRV at 40%, 50%, and 60% of V ˙ O2max by 3.6 ± 4.9, 2.6 ± 2.8, and 0.6 ± 1.7 ms, respectively. There was a supplement × time interaction effect on resting HRV (p < .001), but not on heart rate (p = .351). The results of this study support the suggestion that caffeine increases the parasympathetic modulation of heart rate.Clinical trial registration number: NCT05521386.
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14
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Hassen HBH, Ammar A, Machfer A, Fkih N, Erriahi S, Hamdi S, Chtourou H, Bouzid MA. Acute Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Postural Balance, Functional Capacity and Cognitive Function in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease. Brain Sci 2024; 14:701. [PMID: 39061441 PMCID: PMC11274997 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) display many cognitive and physiological alterations resulting from renal failure and physical inactivity. Caffeine intake has been reported to improve cognitive/physical performance in several studies. However, whether the benefits of caffeine intake apply to patients with ESRD remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of caffeine intake on postural balance, cognitive function and functional capacity in patients with ESRD. In a randomized order, 12 patients with ESRD (age: 33.85 ± 8.57 years; Female: 45.5%) performed a battery of tests after either caffeine (CF) (400 mg) or placebo (PLA) ingestion. Postural balance was evaluated using a stabilometric platform. Functional capacity was assessed with the sit-to-stand and up-and-go tests, and for cognitive performances, reaction time test and a vigilance test were used. Results showed a significant improvement in up-and-go test (p = 0.01) and sit-to-stand test performances with CF compared to PLA (p < 0.01). Time of reaction test and vigilance test (p < 0.01) performances were significantly higher with CF. No significant difference was observed in postural balance between CF and PLA. The results of this study suggest that acute caffeine ingestion positively enhances cognitive function and functional capacity in patients with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayfa Ben Haj Hassen
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS (Faculty of Sport Sciences), Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Amal Machfer
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Nadia Fkih
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Siwar Erriahi
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Sirine Hamdi
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Bouzid
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.B.H.H.); (A.M.); (N.F.); (S.E.); (S.H.); (M.A.B.)
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Zajkowska I, Niczyporuk P, Urbaniak A, Tomaszek N, Modzelewski S, Waszkiewicz N. Investigating the Impacts of Diet, Supplementation, Microbiota, Gut-Brain Axis on Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2228. [PMID: 39064675 PMCID: PMC11279812 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a disease with a complex etiology that significantly impairs the functioning of patients. In recent years, there has been increasing focus on the importance of the gut microbiota in the context of the gut-brain axis. In our study, we analyzed data on the gut-brain axis in relation to schizophrenia, as well as the impacts of eating habits, the use of various supplements, and diets on schizophrenia. Additionally, the study investigated the impact of antipsychotics on the development of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. There may be significant clinical benefits to be gained from therapies supported by supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, B vitamins, and probiotics. The results suggest the need for a holistic approach to the treatment of schizophrenia, incorporating both drug therapy and dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stefan Modzelewski
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland; (I.Z.); (N.W.)
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16
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Rogers EJ, Trotter MG, Johnson D, Desbrow B, King N. Caffeine improves the shooting performance and reaction time of first-person shooter esports players: a dose-response study. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1437700. [PMID: 39055173 PMCID: PMC11270538 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1437700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is recognized as one of the most effective dietary ergogenic aids in sports, yet its evidence-based effectiveness in esports is unclear. This study investigated the effects of two different doses of caffeine on the shooting performance and reaction time of 24 first-person shooter (FPS) esports players (22 men, 2 women; age = 22.29 ± 2.91 years). Participants completed three experimental trials in which they consumed either a water control (CON), a 1 mg·kg-1 BM (CAF1) or a 3 mg·kg-1 BM (CAF3) dose of caffeine. Performance measures (e.g., score, accuracy (%), hit rate (hits/sec), and shots fired) were assessed in a static clicking and reactive tracking style task on the KovaaK's FPS aim trainer. Reaction time was used to assess vigilance on the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Performance was measured at four time points in each trial: pre-treatment (PRE), 60 min (POST1), 80 min (POST2), and 100 min (POST3) post-treatment. Significant differences were identified using repeated-measures analysis of variances. Caffeine, irrespective of dose, significantly improved performance compared to CON for static clicking score and hit rate, reactive tracking accuracy, and reaction time on the PVT. Significant interactions between treatment and time were identified and post hoc analyses showed that compared to CON, CAF1 significantly improved static clicking score at POST1 and POST3, static clicking hit rate at POST1, reactive tracking accuracy at POST1, POST2, and POST3, and reaction time on the PVT at POST1 and POST2. Post hoc analysis also showed that compared to CON, CAF3 significantly improved static clicking score, reactive tracking accuracy, and reaction time on the PVT at all time points, in addition to static clicking hit rate at POST1 and POST3. In summary, caffeine supplementation enhances the shooting performance and reaction time of FPS esports players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan J. Rogers
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Daniel Johnson
- School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Neil King
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Meamar M, Raise-Abdullahi P, Rashidy-Pour A, Raeis-Abdollahi E. Coffee and mental disorders: How caffeine affects anxiety and depression. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2024; 288:115-132. [PMID: 39168554 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine, the main psychoactive component in coffee, has garnered significant attention for its potential impact on the most prevalent mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. This chapter comprehensively examines the neurobiological effects of caffeine, its influence on anxiety and depression, and relevant clinical studies. Caffeine exerts its psychostimulant effects primarily through antagonizing adenosine receptors, modulating neurotransmitter systems, and influencing intracellular calcium signaling in the brain. Caffeine exhibits dose-dependent effects. While moderate caffeine consumption is safe in healthy adults and may offer benefits for mental health, excessive intake is linked to adverse effects on neurological and psychiatric health and can aggravate symptoms, highlighting the importance of adjusting consumption patterns. High caffeine intake correlates with elevated anxiety levels, especially in individuals predisposed to anxiety disorders. However, the relationship between caffeine consumption and the risk of depression is intricate, with some studies suggesting a potential protective effect of moderate intake, while others find no significant association. Individual variations in caffeine metabolism, sensitivity, and genetic factors considerably impact responses to caffeine. The chapter also explores the therapeutic potential of caffeine as an adjunct treatment and outlines challenges and future research directions in elucidating caffeine's multifaceted role in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Meamar
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Kowsar Educational Research and Therapeutic Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | | | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
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18
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Estrázulas JA, Pereira Dos Santos F, Taborda Machado AJ, Legnani E, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva AE. Effects of Acute Ingestion of Guarana ( Paullinia Cupana) on Soccer Player Performance: A Randomized, Cross-over, Placebo-Controlled Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38958672 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2373189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute effects of ingesting a beverage containing guarana (Paullinia cupana) seed powder on performance during field tests related to physical capacities that are determinants of soccer performance, such as lower limb power, sprint, agility, and the capacity to carry out intermittent exercise. METHODS The study was conducted using a randomized, crossover, and counterbalanced design, with a beverage containing guarana or placebo administered in a double-blind manner. Twenty-seven under-17 soccer players of a professional soccer club performed a battery of tests 60 min after the ingestion of guarana (3 g of the fruit seed powder) or placebo. Trials were performed with a 7-day washout period. The battery of tests included a countermovement jump test, sprints of 10 and 20 m, an Illinois agility test, and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIR1). RESULTS Guarana ingestion did not improve countermovement jump, sprints, or agility (p > 0.05). However, guarana ingestion increased the distance covered in the YYIR1, compared with placebo ingestion (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Acute ingestion of guarana improves the capacity to perform intermittent exercise in soccer players but seems to be ineffective to improve lower limb power, sprint, and agility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisson Agne Estrázulas
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Julia Taborda Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elto Legnani
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Technology, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Asuku AO, Ayinla MT, Olajide TS, Oyerinde TO, Yusuf JA, Bayo-Olugbami AA, Fajemidagba GA. Coffee and Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2024; 289:1-19. [PMID: 39168575 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease marked by dopaminergic neuronal loss and misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, which results in both motor and cognitive symptoms. Its occurrence grows with age, with a larger prevalence among males. Despite substantial study, effective medicines to reduce or stop the progression of diseases remain elusive. Interest has grown in examining dietary components, such as caffeine present in coffee, for potential medicinal effects. Epidemiological studies imply a lower incidence of PD with coffee drinking, attributable to caffeine's neuroprotective abilities. Beyond caffeine, coffee constituent like chlorogenic acid and cafestol have anti-Parkinsonian benefits. Moreover, coffee use has been related with variations in gut microbiota composition, which may reduce intestinal inflammation and prevent protein misfolding in enteric nerves, perhaps through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This review gives a summary of the neuroprotective effects of coffee, investigating both its motor and non-motor advantages in individuals with PD as well as in experimental models of PD. We reviewed some bioactive constituents of coffee, their respective interactions with misfolded α-syn accumulation, and its emerging mechanisms associated to the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Olufemi Asuku
- Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria.
| | - Maryam Tayo Ayinla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
| | - Tobiloba Samuel Olajide
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb O Oyerinde
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Neurobiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Ayodele Yusuf
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
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Kühne T, Wallace E, Herzig D, Helleputte S, Scott S, Pickles J, Melmer A, Stettler C. Combined intake of caffeine and low-dose glucose to reduce exercise-related hypoglycaemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes on ultra-long-acting insulin degludec: A randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:2645-2651. [PMID: 38558517 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate whether caffeine combined with a moderate amount of glucose reduces the risk for exercise-related hypoglycaemia compared with glucose alone or control in adult people with type 1 diabetes using ultra-long-acting insulin degludec. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen participants conducted three aerobic exercise sessions (maximum 75 min) in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. Thirty minutes before exercise, participants ingested a drink containing either 250 mg of caffeine + 10 g of glucose + aspartame (CAF), 10 g of glucose + aspartame (GLU), or aspartame alone (ASP). The primary outcome was time to hypoglycaemia. RESULTS There was a significant effect of the condition on time to hypoglycaemia (χ2 = 7.674, p = .0216). Pairwise comparisons revealed an 85.7% risk reduction of hypoglycaemia for CAF compared with ASP (p = .044). No difference was observed between GLU and ASP (p = .104) or between CAF and GLU (p = .77). While CAF increased glucose levels during exercise compared with GLU and ASP (8.3 ± 1.9 mmol/L vs. 7.7 ± 2.2 mmol/L vs. 5.8 ± 1.4 mmol/L; p < .001), peak plasma glucose levels during exercise did not differ between CAF and GLU (9.3 ± 1.4 mmol/L and 9.1 ± 1.6 mmol/L, p = .80), but were higher than in ASP (6.6 ± 1.1 mmol/L; p < .001). The difference in glucose levels between CAF and GLU was largest during the last 15 min of exercise (p = .002). Compared with GLU, CAF lowered perceived exertion (p = .023). CONCLUSIONS Pre-exercise caffeine ingestion combined with a low dose of glucose reduced exercise-related hypoglycaemia compared with control while avoiding hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kühne
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Esmè Wallace
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Herzig
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon Helleputte
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sam Scott
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Team Novo Nordisk Professional Cycling Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jordan Pickles
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Melmer
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Stettler
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Pereira-Alves E, Machado-Pereira J, Monteiro A, Costa-Cordeiro R, Chandran V, Jurisica I, Prado E, Cameron LC. Caffeine Boosts Weight-Lifting Performance in Rats: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2022. [PMID: 38999769 PMCID: PMC11243630 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is a well-described ergogenic aid used to enhance athletic performance. Using animal models can greatly increase our understanding of caffeine's mechanisms in performance. Here, we adapted an animal weight-lifting exercise model to demonstrate caffeine's ergogenic effect in rats. Male Wistar rats (315 ± 35 g) were randomly divided into two groups: one group received 5 mg·kg-1 of caffeine (0.5 mL; CEx; n = 5) and the other 0.9% NaCl (0.5 mL; PEx; n = 4) through an orogastric probe (gavage) one hour before exercise. Weight-lifting exercise sessions were performed over three subsequent days, and the number of complete squats performed was counted. Analyses of the area under the curve in all three experiments showed that the CEx group responded more to stimuli, performing more squats (1.7-, 2.0-, and 1.6-fold; p < 0.05) than the control group did. These three days' data were analyzed to better understand the cumulative effect of this exercise, and a hyperbolic curve was fitted to these data. Data fitting from the caffeine-supplemented group, CEx, also showed larger Smax and Kd (2.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively) than the PEx group did. Our study demonstrated an acute ergogenic effect of caffeine in an animal weight-lifting exercise model for the first time, suggesting potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Pereira-Alves
- Lorraine Protein Biochemistry Group, Graduate Program in Neurology, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro 20270-004, RJ, Brazil; (E.P.-A.); (J.M.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Julia Machado-Pereira
- Lorraine Protein Biochemistry Group, Graduate Program in Neurology, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro 20270-004, RJ, Brazil; (E.P.-A.); (J.M.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Anibal Monteiro
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, The Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20290-250, RJ, Brazil;
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto Costa-Cordeiro
- Lorraine Protein Biochemistry Group, Graduate Program in Neurology, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro 20270-004, RJ, Brazil; (E.P.-A.); (J.M.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Arthritis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada;
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada;
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G IL7, Canada
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eduardo Prado
- Lorraine Protein Biochemistry Group, Graduate Program in Neurology, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro 20270-004, RJ, Brazil; (E.P.-A.); (J.M.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
- Laboratory for Research in Physical Exercise and Metabolism, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil
| | - L. C. Cameron
- Lorraine Protein Biochemistry Group, Graduate Program in Neurology, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro 20270-004, RJ, Brazil; (E.P.-A.); (J.M.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
- Arthritis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada;
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Gómez S, Cappelli C. The Role of Hydrogen Bonding in the Raman Spectral Signals of Caffeine in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2024; 29:3035. [PMID: 38998986 PMCID: PMC11243038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification and quantification of caffeine is a common need in the food and pharmaceutical industries and lately also in the field of environmental science. For that purpose, Raman spectroscopy has been used as an analytical technique, but the interpretation of the spectra requires reliable and accurate computational protocols, especially as regards the Resonance Raman (RR) variant. Herein, caffeine solutions are sampled using Molecular Dynamics simulations. Upon quantification of the strength of the non-covalent intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding between caffeine and water, UV-Vis, Raman, and RR spectra are computed. The results provide general insights into the hydrogen bonding role in mediating the Raman spectral signals of caffeine in aqueous solution. Also, by analyzing the dependence of RR enhancement on the absorption spectrum of caffeine, it is proposed that the sensitivity of the RR technique could be exploited at excitation wavelengths moderately far from 266 nm, yet achieving very low detection limits in the quantification caffeine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Erez D, Lieberman HR, Baum I, Ketko I, Moran DS. Ad libitum caffeine consumption, cognitive performance, and sleep in special forces soldiers during a 96-h combat exercise. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1419181. [PMID: 38975243 PMCID: PMC11224469 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1419181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This observational study investigated the effects of sleep deprivation and ad libitum caffeine consumption on cognitive performance, risk behavior, and mood among 28 Israeli Special Forces (SF) soldiers (mean age: 20.57 ± 0.92 years) during a 96-hour combat exercise. Methods Actigraphy was used to monitor sleep and activity; cognitive function, risk-taking propensity, mood states, and self-reported sleepiness were assessed using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), Evaluation of Risks Scale (EVAR), Profile of Mood States (POMS), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS); and caffeine consumption by questionnaire at 0, 50, and 96 hours. For analyses, participants were divided into Low (<400 mg) and High (≥400 mg) caffeine consumption groups. Results The soldiers hiked 108.5 ± 0.52 km and slept for 12.7 ± 0.5 h, with a notable transition from multiple short sleep epochs in the initial 50 hours to a consolidated 5-hour sleep period subsequently. In the High caffeine group, PVT reaction time was faster (p = 0.024) compared to the Low caffeine group, with fewer premature response errors (p = 0.026). However, this group showed increased risk-taking (p = 0.037), particularly reduced Self-Control (p = 0.010). No significant impact of ad libitum caffeine intake on mood was observed. However, degradation over the course of the exercise in both groups in mood states, including anger, fatigue, tension, and vigor, was noted (p < 0.05). KSS scores increased significantly at 50 and 96 h (p < 0.001). Discussion These results suggest that while caffeine enhances cognitive function, its ad libitum consumption did not consistently improve these measures in this cohort of SF soldiers. The study highlights the complex relationship between sleep deprivation and caffeine intake and their combined effects on soldiers' cognitive and behavioral functions, indicating a need for evidence-based caffeine use guidelines for using caffeine in military settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Erez
- The Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Institute of Military Physiology, IDF Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Harris R. Lieberman
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ido Baum
- Institute of Military Physiology, IDF Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Itay Ketko
- Institute of Military Physiology, IDF Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Daniel S. Moran
- The Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Institute of Military Physiology, IDF Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Delleli S, Ouergui I, Messaoudi H, Bridge C, Ardigò LP, Chtourou H. Warm-up music and low-dose caffeine enhance the activity profile and psychophysiological responses during simulated combat in female taekwondo athletes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14302. [PMID: 38906894 PMCID: PMC11192912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
To assess the effects of warm-up music and low dose (3 mg·kg-1) of caffeine (CAF) on female taekwondo athlete's activity profile and psychophysiological responses during simulated combat. In a double-blinded, randomized, crossover study, 16 female athletes participated in simulated combats under one control and 5 experimental conditions [i.e., CAF alone (CAF), placebo alone (PL), CAF with music (CAF + M), PL with music (PL + M), and no supplement with music (M)]. After warming-up, athletes rated their felt arousal (FAS). Mean (HRmean) and peak (HRpeak) heart rate values were determined for each combat. After fighting, athletes rated their perceived exertion (RPE), feeling scale (FS), FAS, and physical enjoyment (PACES). Time-motion and technical-tactical variables were analyzed. CAF + M induced shorter skip and pause time, while attack time increased compared to other conditions (p < 0.05). Moreover, CAF + M increased single attacks, combined attacks, counter-attacks (p < 0.001), and defensive actions (p < 0.05) than other conditions. HRmean and HRpeak were lower under CAF + M than other conditions (p < 0.05). Additionally, higher FAS post-combat, FS, and PACES were observed under CAF + M, while RPE was lower (except CAF condition) compared to the other conditions (p < 0.05.Using CAF with warm-up music may increase combat cadence and improve the psychological state in female athletes more effectively than either strategy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaheddine Delleli
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ibrahim Ouergui
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, 7100, El Kef, Tunisia.
- Research Unit: Sports Science, Health and Movement, UR22JS01, University of Jendouba, 7100, El Kef, Tunisia.
| | - Hamdi Messaoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Craig Bridge
- Sports Performance Research Group, Edge Hill University, Wilson Centre, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Linstows Gate 3, 0166, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
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Gao L, Sun W, Zhang L, Liang C, Zhang D. Caffeine upregulates SIRT3 expression to ameliorate astrocytes-mediated HIV-1 Tat neurotoxicity via suppression of EGR1 signaling pathway. J Neurovirol 2024; 30:286-302. [PMID: 38926255 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine is one of the most popular consumed psychostimulants that mitigates several neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, the roles and molecular mechanisms of caffeine in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain largely unclear. Transactivator of transcription (Tat) is a major contributor to the neuropathogenesis of HAND in the central nervous system. In the present study, we determined that caffeine (100 µM) treatment significantly ameliorated Tat-induced decreased astrocytic viability, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and excessive glutamate and ATP release, thereby protecting neurons from apoptosis. Subsequently, SIRT3 was demonstrated to display neuroprotective effects against Tat during caffeine treatment. In addition, Tat downregulated SIRT3 expression via activation of EGR1 signaling, which was reversed by caffeine treatment in astrocytes. Overexpression of EGR1 entirely abolished the neuroprotective effects of caffeine against Tat. Furthermore, counteracting Tat or caffeine-induced differential expression of SIRT3 abrogated the neuroprotection of caffeine against Tat-triggered astrocytic dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. Taken together, our study establishes that caffeine ameliorates astrocytes-mediated Tat neurotoxicity by targeting EGR1/SIRT3 signaling pathway. Our findings highlight the beneficial effects of caffeine on Tat-induced astrocytic dysfunction and neuronal death and propose that caffeine might be a novel therapeutic drug for relief of HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No. 666, Shengli Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
- Nantong Municipal Medical Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
- Nantong Municipal Key Laboratory of Metabolic Immunology and Disease Microenvironment, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weixi Sun
- Disease Prevention and Control Center of Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226000, People's Republic of China
- Health Commission of Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Liang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No. 666, Shengli Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
- Nantong Municipal Medical Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
- Nantong Municipal Key Laboratory of Metabolic Immunology and Disease Microenvironment, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No. 666, Shengli Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
- Nantong Municipal Medical Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
- Nantong Municipal Key Laboratory of Metabolic Immunology and Disease Microenvironment, Medical Research Center, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
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Wingelaar-Jagt YQ, Wingelaar TT, Riedel WJ, Ramaekers JG. Modafinil Subjectively Does Not Impair Sleep in Aviators After a Period of Extended Wakefulness. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2024; 95:290-296. [PMID: 38790126 DOI: 10.3357/amhp.6390.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Modafinil is used as a countermeasure to limit the effects of fatigue in military aviation. However, literature is conflicting about its negative effects on subsequent sleep.METHODS: This randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted by the Center of Man in Aviation of the Royal Netherlands Airforce is part of a larger study. It included 32 subjects (mean age 35 yr old, 84% male) who followed a normal daily routine and stayed awake the subsequent night. At midnight, all subjects received either 300 mg caffeine, 200 mg modafinil, or placebo. At the end of the test night, subjects were awake for a median period of 26 h. Afterwards, sleep questionnaires containing qualitative (Groningen Sleep Quality Scale) and quantitative parameters of sleep for the subsequent day (recovery sleep) and consecutive night (post-test sleep) were completed and statistically analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.RESULTS: A statistically significant difference in the reported recovery sleep was observed. The modafinil group slept 30% shorter than placebo, but sleep efficiency was not statistically different. Quantitatively post-test sleep did not vary statistically significantly between the three groups. However, Groningen Sleep Quality Scale scores were lower post-test than pre-test in the modafinil group, while this was not the case in the caffeine and placebo group.DISCUSSION:This study found that modafinil subjectively does not negatively impact recovery sleep or subsequent nighttime sleep after an extended period of wakefulness and suggests it may decrease the need for recovery sleep compared to placebo or caffeine.Wingelaar-Jagt YQ, Wingelaar TT, Riedel WJ, Ramaekers JG. Modafinil subjectively does not impair sleep in aviators after a period of extended wakefulness. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(6):290-296.
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Ribeiro FJ, Poínhos R. Nootropic supplements for esports. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:275-295. [PMID: 37563907 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: esports, or organized video game competitions, have been expanding quickly. The use of dietary supplements by esports players appears vulgarized but lacks supporting evidence. Objectives: To outline studies that tested the effects of dietary supplements on video gaming, summarize their findings, highlight knowledge gaps, and recommend future research. Eligibility criteria: Clinical trials published in English between 1990 and 2023 that assessed the effects of dietary supplements on the cognitive performance of video gamers. Sources of evidence: The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Charting methods: PRISMA's (2020) flow diagram was used to create the data chart. Results: Sixteen studies were outlined. Thirteen were randomized, thirteen applied acute interventions, ten applied a crossover design and only three weren't placebo-controlled. Of the 10 studies that included caffeine (40-200 mg), four reported significant positive effects on cognition (attention, processing speed, working memory), two on first-person shooter video gaming performance (reaction time, hit accuracy, time to hit 60 targets), and one on Tetris game score. All 3 studies that included arginine silicate (1500 mg) reported significant improvements in one or more aspects of cognition (reaction time, attention, visual representation, and spatial planning). Two studies that tested sucrose (21 and 26.8 g) didn't report significant improvements, while one study that tested 26.1 g of glucose registered significant positive effects on processing speed and sustained attention. Conclusions: The published literature has focused on the effects of caffeine, which may exert both positive and negative effects on esports players. Additional, high-quality research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Ribeiro
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto (FCUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Poínhos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Porto, Portugal
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Nishikawa T, Hirono T, Holobar A, Kunugi S, Okudaira M, Ohya T, Watanabe K. Acute effects of caffeine or quercetin ingestion on motor unit firing pattern before and after resistance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1645-1658. [PMID: 38193908 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute effect of caffeine or quercetin ingestion on motor unit firing patterns and muscle contractile properties before and after resistance exercise. High-density surface electromyography (HDs-EMG) during submaximal contractions and electrically elicited torque in knee extensor muscles were measured before (PRE) and 60 min after (POST1) ingestion of caffeine, quercetin glycosides, or placebo, and after resistance exercise (POST2) in ten young males. The Convolution Kernel Compensation technique was used to identify individual motor units of the vastus lateralis muscle for the recorded HDs-EMG. Ingestion of caffeine or quercetin induced significantly greater decreases in recruitment thresholds (RTs) from PRE to POST1 compared with placebo (placebo: 94.8 ± 9.7%, caffeine: 84.5 ± 16.2%, quercetin: 91.9 ± 36.7%), and there were significant negative correlations between the change in RTs (POST1-PRE) and RT at PRE for caffeine (rs = - 0.448, p < 0.001) and quercetin (rs = - 0.415, p = 0.003), but not placebo (rs = - 0.109, p = 0.440). Significant positive correlations between the change in firing rates (POST2-POST1) and RT at PRE were noted with placebo (rs = 0.380, p = 0.005) and quercetin (rs = 0.382, p = 0.007), but not caffeine (rs = 0.069, p = 0.606). No significant differences were observed in electrically elicited torque among the three conditions. These results suggest that caffeine or quercetin ingestion alters motor unit firing patterns after resistance exercise in different threshold-dependent manners in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Kaizu-Cho, Tokodachi, Toyota, 470-0093, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirono
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Kaizu-Cho, Tokodachi, Toyota, 470-0093, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aleš Holobar
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Shun Kunugi
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Kaizu-Cho, Tokodachi, Toyota, 470-0093, Japan
- Center for General Education, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Japan
| | - Masamichi Okudaira
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Kaizu-Cho, Tokodachi, Toyota, 470-0093, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ohya
- Laboratory for Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Graduate School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan
| | - Kohei Watanabe
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Kaizu-Cho, Tokodachi, Toyota, 470-0093, Japan.
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Knapik JJ, Trone DW, Steelman RA, Lieberman HR. Longitudinal changes in adverse effects reporting in multiple dietary supplement classifications: The US military dietary supplement use study. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114635. [PMID: 38582347 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Over 70% of United States military service members (SMs) regularly use dietary supplements (DSs) and about 18% have reported adverse effects (AEs) associated with use. This investigation examined longitudinal changes in AEs reporting among DS users. On two separate occasions 1.3 ± 0.2 years apart (mean ± standard deviation), 5778 SMs completed identical questionnaires on DS use and associated AEs. Among SMs reporting DS use ≥1 time/week, ≥1 AE was reported by 19% and 15% in the baseline and follow-up phases, respectively. The risk of reporting DS use at follow-up was similar among those reporting and not reporting AEs at baseline for most DS categories including prohormones, proteins/amino acids, individual vitamins and minerals, multivitamin/multiminerals, herbals, fish oils, joint health products, and other DSs. An exception was combination products where those reporting AEs at baseline had an increased risk of use at follow-up (risk ratio = 1.13, 95% confidence interval = 1.06-1.09). Those reporting AEs at baseline and continuing DS use in the follow-up were more likely to report AEs at follow-up compared to those not reporting baseline AEs. In conclusion, AEs reported at baseline did not deter many participants from using DSs in the follow-up period, and many SMs reporting AEs at baseline continued reporting them at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Knapik
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
| | - Daniel W Trone
- Naval Health Research Center, Building 329, Ryne Rd, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA
| | - Ryan A Steelman
- Defense Centers for Public Health-Aberdeen, 8300 Ricketts Point Rd, Building E-2850, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Harris R Lieberman
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
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Guercia E, Berti F, De Zorzi R, Navarini L, Geremia S, Medagli B, De Conto M, Cassetta A, Forzato C. On the Cholesterol Raising Effect of Coffee Diterpenes Cafestol and 16- O-Methylcafestol: Interaction with Farnesoid X Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6096. [PMID: 38892285 PMCID: PMC11173301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The diterpene cafestol represents the most potent cholesterol-elevating compound known in the human diet, being responsible for more than 80% of the effect of coffee on serum lipids, with a mechanism still not fully clarified. In the present study, the interaction of cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol with the stabilized ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the Farnesoid X Receptor was evaluated by fluorescence and circular dichroism. Fluorescence quenching was observed with both cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol due to an interaction occurring in the close environment of the tryptophan W454 residue of the protein, as confirmed by docking and molecular dynamics. A conformational change of the protein was also observed by circular dichroism, particularly for cafestol. These results provide evidence at the molecular level of the interactions of FXR with the coffee diterpenes, confirming that cafestol can act as an agonist of FXR, causing an enhancement of the cholesterol level in blood serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Guercia
- Aromalab, illycaffè S.p.A., Area Science Park, Località Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Federico Berti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Rita De Zorzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Luciano Navarini
- Aromalab, illycaffè S.p.A., Area Science Park, Località Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Barbara Medagli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Marco De Conto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Alberto Cassetta
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Area Science Park, SS. 14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Cristina Forzato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (S.G.); (B.M.); (M.D.C.)
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31
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Chen X, Yin X, Gao Y, Chen X, Ye N, He X. From cup to clock: exploring coffee's role in slowing down biological aging. Food Funct 2024; 15:5655-5663. [PMID: 38726849 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Previous research has proposed that coffee consumption may have potential health benefits, yet the effect of coffee on one's biological age has not been determined to date. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of coffee drinking on biological aging. Methods: Participants were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and had to meet the selection criteria. Coffee consumption was evaluated through two 24-hour dietary questionnaires. Biological age was measured using both the PhenoAge and KDM-BA algorithms. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were adopted to analyze the association of coffee consumption with biological aging. Results: A total of 13 384 participants with an average daily coffee consumption of 1.73 cups were included. Participants with higher coffee consumption tended to be older, male, non-Hispanic white; had a higher educational level beyond high school; were more likely to be married; had better financial status; and were less likely to smoke or engage in excessive drinking. These individuals with higher coffee consumption exhibited a younger biological age in relation to their chronological age, as indicated by lower mean advancements in PhenoAge and KDM-BA scores. Furthermore, coffee intake was found to be inversely related to PhenoAge and KDM-BA progressions, as well as to the chances of accelerated biological aging, both in unadjusted and adjusted models. These associations remained consistent across all age and gender groups. Additionally, some heterogeneity was also observed among body mass index and physical activity categories. Conclusions: Coffee drinking was inversely related to biological age advancements and the likelihood of accelerated biological aging. Moderate coffee consumption may offer substantial benefits in reducing biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China.
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, PR China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China.
| | - Nan Ye
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China.
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Wu W, Chen Z, Zhou H, Wang L, Li X, Lv Y, Sun T, Yu L. Effects of Acute Ingestion of Caffeine Capsules on Muscle Strength and Muscle Endurance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1146. [PMID: 38674836 PMCID: PMC11054210 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of acute ingestion of caffeine capsules on muscle strength and muscle endurance. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and EBSCO databases. Data were pooled using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval. Fourteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The acute ingestion of caffeine capsules significantly improved muscle strength (WMD, 7.09, p < 0.00001) and muscle endurance (WMD, 1.37; p < 0.00001), especially in males (muscle strength, WMD, 7.59, p < 0.00001; muscle endurance, WMD, 1.40, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses showed that ≥ 6 mg/kg body weight of caffeine (WMD, 6.35, p < 0.00001) and ingesting caffeine 45 min pre-exercise (WMD, 8.61, p < 0.00001) were more effective in improving muscle strength, with the acute ingestion of caffeine capsules having a greater effect on lower body muscle strength (WMD, 10.19, p < 0.00001). In addition, the acute ingestion of caffeine capsules had a greater effect in moderate-intensity muscle endurance tests (WMD, 1.76, p < 0.00001). An acute ingestion of caffeine capsules significantly improved muscle strength and muscle endurance in the upper body and lower body of males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhizhou Chen
- Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Huixuan Zhou
- School of Sport Sciences, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Leiyuyang Wang
- Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Lv
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Tingting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Laikang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.)
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Reich N, Mannino M, Kotler S. Using caffeine as a chemical means to induce flow states. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105577. [PMID: 38331128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Flow is an intrinsically rewarding state characterised by positive affect and total task absorption. Because cognitive and physical performance are optimal in flow, chemical means to facilitate this state are appealing. Caffeine, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, has been emphasized as a potential flow-inducer. Thus, we review the psychological and biological effects of caffeine that, conceptually, enhance flow. Caffeine may facilitate flow through various effects, including: i) upregulation of dopamine D1/D2 receptor affinity in reward-associated brain areas, leading to greater energetic arousal and 'wanting'; ii) protection of dopaminergic neurons; iii) increases in norepinephrine release and alertness, which offset sleep-deprivation and hypoarousal; iv) heightening of parasympathetic high frequency heart rate variability, resulting in improved cortical stress appraisal, v) modification of striatal endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor-signalling, leading to enhanced stress tolerance; and vi) changes in brain network activity in favour of executive function and flow. We also discuss the application of caffeine to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and caveats. We hope to inspire studies assessing the use of caffeine to induce flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Reich
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Biomedical & Life Sciences Division, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; The ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK.
| | - Michael Mannino
- Flow Research Collective, USA; Miami Dade College, Miami, FL, USA
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34
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Alejandro Juárez RP, Celia AC. [Effects of coffee consumption on salivary cortisol and alpha amylase in young adults]. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2024; 12:e197. [PMID: 39119121 PMCID: PMC11304854 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1202-2024-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of coffee consumption on salivary cortisol (sCort) and alpha amylase (sAA) in young adults. Materials and methods Sixty healthy university students, habitual coffee consumers, participated in this descriptive observational study. Participants were divided into three groups: G1 low consumption (≤ 2 cups of coffee per day, n = 20), G2 moderate consumption (2-5 cups of coffee per day, n = 20), and G3 high consumption (>5 cups of coffee per day, n = 20). Saliva self-collection was in the morning (6:30-7:30 AM) and at night (08:00-09:00 PM). sCort was analyzed using chemiluminescence and sAA activity by kinetic method. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Student's t-test and analysis of variance. Results The sample consisted of 30 women and 30 men, aged between 20 and 35 years. In all groups, sCort values were higher in the morning (AM 0,29 ± 0,19 vs. PM 0,09 ± 0,05 µg/dl, p < 0.0001). In contrast, sAA levels were higher in the night (PM 160,16 ± 60,42 vs. AM 32,79 ± 12,98 U/ml, p < 0.0001). No significant differences were detected, in the contents of Corts and AAs, between the groups. Conclusion : Coffee consumption, in non-stressful conditions, did not alter levels and patterns of sCort and sAA in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Pablo Alejandro Juárez
- Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo: Saliva como Fluido Diagnóstico. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. República Argentina. , Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo: Saliva como Fluido Diagnóstico Facultad de Odontología Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Argentina
| | - Armando César Celia
- Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo: Saliva como Fluido Diagnóstico. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. República Argentina. , Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo: Saliva como Fluido Diagnóstico Facultad de Odontología Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Argentina
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35
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Chaudhary A, Mathur D, Gaba R, Pasricha R, Sharma K. Greening up organic reactions with caffeine: applications, recent developments, and future directions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8932-8962. [PMID: 38500612 PMCID: PMC10945742 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies in the field of alkaloid chemistry have provided researchers with valuable insights into their unique properties as catalysts. Among the diverse natural catalysts, caffeine has emerged as a green, expedient, and biodegradable catalyst with high efficiency and applicability. Interest in using caffeine as a catalyst has burgeoned over the past few years with its role in diverse multicomponent reactions. Preparation of its imidazolium salts and further conversion to Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) ligands and ionic liquids offers new paradigms. Caffeine has also played a multifaceted role as a support material in influencing the structural properties of nanoparticles. We hope that the chemistry of caffeine and its applications for sustainable organic transformations discussed in this review will stimulate new thinking and open new avenues in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi Delhi - 110 021 India
| | - Divya Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi Delhi - 110 007 India
| | - Ritu Gaba
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi Delhi - 110 021 India
| | - Raaina Pasricha
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi Delhi - 110 021 India
| | - Khyati Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi Delhi - 110 021 India
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36
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McAllister MJ, Martaindale MH, Dillard CC, Gonzalez DE. Stress response to virtual reality based active shooter training: Impact of caffeine consumption. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 161:106923. [PMID: 38142605 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Participation in a virtual reality based active shooter training drill (VR-ASD) has been shown to increase biomarkers of stress; however, the impact of caffeine consumption on this response has not been studied. Caffeine ingestion has been shown to have favorable effects on physical and cognitive performance among athletic and tactical occupations alike. This study examined the impact of caffeine ingestion on subjective and physiological markers of stress in response to a mental stress task (MST) which involved participation in a VR-ASD and cognitive challenge consisting of mental arithmetic and a Stroop challenge. Fifty-three subjects were randomly assigned either caffeine (n = 26) or placebo (n = 27) prior to being exposed to the MST. Saliva samples, heart rate (HR), and state-anxiety inventory (SAI) scales, were collected before and after exposure to the MST. Saliva was analyzed for α-amylase (sAA), secretory IgA (SIgA), and cortisol (sCORT) concentrations. The MST resulted in significant increases in sAA, SIgA, HR, and SAI. Immediately post MST, sAA concentrations were significantly higher following the caffeine treatment compared to placebo. These data demonstrate that caffeine consumption results in significantly greater sAA concentrations post MST. This study was pre-registered as a clinical trial ("Impact of supplements on stress markers": NCT05592561).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McAllister
- Metabolic & Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health & Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | | | - Courtney C Dillard
- Metabolic & Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health & Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Drew E Gonzalez
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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37
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Horiuchi M, Nagahara R. Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on kinematics and kinetics of sprinting. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14595. [PMID: 38458991 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the acute effects of caffeine supplementation (6 mg・kg-1 ) on 60-m sprint performance and underlying components with a step-to-step ground reaction force measurement in 13 male sprinters. After the first round sprint as a control, caffeine supplementation-induced improvement in 60-m sprint times (7.811 s at the first versus 7.648 s at the second round, 2.05%) were greater compared with the placebo condition (7.769 s at the first versus 7.768 s at the second round, 0.02%). Using average values for every four steps, in the caffeine condition, higher running speed (all six step groups), higher step frequency (5th-16th and 21st-24th step groups), shorter support time (all the step groups except for 13th-16th step) and shorter braking time (9th-24th step groups) were found. Regarding ground reaction forces variables, greater braking mean force (13th-19th step group), propulsive mean force (1st-12th and 17th-20th step groups), and effective vertical mean force (9th-12th step group) were found in the caffeine condition. For the block clearance phase at the sprint start, push-off and reaction times did not change, while higher total anteroposterior mean force, average horizontal external power, and ratio of force were found in the caffeine condition. These results indicate that, compared with placebo, acute caffeine supplementation improved sprint performance regardless of sprint sections during the entire acceleration phase from the start through increases in step frequency with decreases in support time. Moreover, acute caffeine supplementation promoted increases in the propulsive mean force, resulting in the improvement of sprint performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Horiuchi
- Faculty of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KANOYA, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryu Nagahara
- Faculty of Sport and Budo Coaching Studies, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KANOYA Shiromizu-1, Kagoshima, Japan
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38
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de Rijk MG, de Vries JHM, Mars M, Feskens EJM, Boesveldt S. Dietary taste patterns and diet quality of female nurses around the night shift. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:513-524. [PMID: 38057604 PMCID: PMC10899307 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Night shift workers are at risk of making poor food choices: e.g. sleep deprivation may lead to higher food intake with innate preferred tastes, such as sweet, savoury and fatty foods. Therefore, better insight in dietary taste patterns of night shift workers may improve the understanding of their food choices. METHODS This observational study assessed dietary taste patterns of 120 female night shift working nurses and compared them to 307 women of a reference population. Dietary intake, assessed with 24-h dietary recalls, was combined with a taste intensity database, including taste profiles of 557 foods. The contribution to the daily intake of 6 taste clusters was assessed: fat, neutral, sweet/fat, sweet/sour, salt/umami/fat and bitter. RESULTS During night shifts, nurses consumed a significantly higher energy percentage (en%) of 'neutral' (5.9 en%), 'sweet/sour' (8.1 en%) and 'sweet/fat' (6.5 en%) tasting foods and a lower en% of 'fat' (- 17.1 en%) and 'bitter' (- 2.1 en%) tasting foods than outside the night shift. They consumed a larger en% from foods with a 'sweet/sour' (1.9 en%) taste and a lower en% from foods with a 'bitter' (- 2.1 en%) taste than the reference population, irrespective of age, BMI and smoking status. A higher en% and gram% of 'fat' tasting foods and a higher gram% 'fat/salt/umami' tasting foods were associated with lower diet quality. CONCLUSION Our results only partly support our hypothesis that nurses would select foods with more innate taste preferences. In addition, fat and savoury tasting foods were negatively associated with their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëlle G de Rijk
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- TiFN, P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Mars
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Boesveldt
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Lv M, Zhi Y, Zhou L, Qiao Z, Di B, Liu W, Chen H. Development of new matrix reference materials for quantitative urine analysis in drug tests. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1427-1441. [PMID: 38270632 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Accurate quantitative analyses require standardized methods to control and improve the analytical process in the laboratory. The availability of urine reference materials (RMs) may offer a feasible option to improve the accuracy of urine analysis and to control matrix effects. This paper presents the complete process of the development of matrix RMs in urine, including sample preparation, homogeneity, and stability studies, as well as uncertainty assessment. A freeze-drying process was developed, and freeze-dried human and pig urine samples were prepared and verified to have comparable homogeneity to liquid samples and higher stability than liquid human, pig, and artificial urine samples at 4℃ or room temperature and under extreme conditions. A total of 21 authentic urine samples from August 2022 were measured with freeze-dried RMs and spiked urine samples, and the reliability of the quantification of the RMs was compared. The freeze-dried human urine matrix RM appeared to be an excellent tool for daily quality control, as it showed high stability and gave the most consistent results with spiked samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lv
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yujie Zhi
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Liying Zhou
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Bin Di
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China.
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Bougrine H, Ammar A, Salem A, Trabelsi K, Jahrami H, Chtourou H, Souissi N. Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes. Nutrients 2024; 16:640. [PMID: 38474768 PMCID: PMC10935148 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Caffeine (CAF) is among the most extensively researched dietary supplements worldwide. However, little is known about the relationship between dosage and performance enhancement, particularly in female athletes. This study aimed to explore the effects of three different CAF dosages (3 mg·kg-1, 6 mg·kg-1, and 9 mg·kg-1) on high-intensity exercise and the prevalence of undesirable side effects related to these doses among female team-sports athletes. All participants (n = 16; age: 16.9 ± 0.6 y; height: 1.64 ± 0.1 m; BMI: 21.6 ± 1.5 kg·m-2) were mild CAF consumers. This study had a randomized, crossover, double-blind design in which each athlete performed four experimental sessions after ingesting either a placebo (PLAC), 3 mg·kg-1 CAF (CAF-3), 6 mg·kg-1 CAF (CAF-6), or 9 mg·kg-1 of CAF (CAF-9), with an in-between washout period of at least 72 h. In each experimental session, 60 min after ingesting the capsules, participants underwent a countermovement jumps test (CMJ), modified agility t-test (MATT), repeated sprint ability (RSA) test, and a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and completed the CAF side effects questionnaire. Our findings revealed that in comparison to the PLAC condition, the MATT, RSAmean, and RSAbest performances were significantly greater only under the CAF-6 and CAF-9 conditions. Although the RPE scores remained unchanged, CMJ performance improved under all CAF conditions. All the performance outcomes were better for the CAF-6 and CAF-9 conditions than for the CAF-3 condition. Notably, no significant difference between the CAF-6 and CAF-9 conditions was observed for any of these parameters despite the highest incidence of side effects being noted for the CAF-9 condition. In summary, our findings highlight the recommendation for a moderate CAF dosage of 6 mg·kg-1 rather than 3 or 9 mg·kg-1 to enhance various aspects of short-term maximal performance in mild-CAF-consumer female team-sports athletes while mitigating the occurrence of adverse CAF side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Bougrine
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia;
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia (N.S.)
| | - Achraf Ammar
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS (Faculty of Sport Sciences), Université Paris Lumières (UPL), Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Atef Salem
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain;
- Ministry of Health, Manama 410, Bahrain
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Mannouba 2010, Tunisia
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Dadvar A, Jameie M, Azizmohammad Looha M, Parsaei M, Zeynali Bujani M, Amanollahi M, Babaei M, Khosravi A, Amirifard H. Potential efficacy of caffeine ingestion on balance and mobility in patients with multiple sclerosis: Preliminary evidence from a single-arm pilot clinical trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297235. [PMID: 38349929 PMCID: PMC10863863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caffeine's potential benefits on multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as on the ambulatory performance of non-MS populations, prompted us to evaluate its potential effects on balance, mobility, and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) of persons with MS (PwMS). METHODS This single-arm pilot clinical trial consisted of a 2-week placebo run-in and a 12-week caffeine treatment (200 mg/day) stage. The changes in outcome measures during the study period (weeks 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12) were evaluated using the Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE). The outcome measures were the 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) for self-reported ambulatory disability, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for static and dynamic balance, Timed Up and Go (TUG) for dynamic balance and functional mobility, Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) for patient's perspective on MS-related QoL (MS-QoL), and Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC) for subjective assessment of treatment efficacy. GEE was also used to evaluate age and sex effect on the outcome measures over time. (Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT2017012332142N1). RESULTS Thirty PwMS were included (age: 38.89 ± 9.85, female: 76.7%). Daily caffeine consumption significantly improved the objective measures of balance and functional mobility (BBS; P-value<0.001, and TUG; P-value = 0.002) at each study time point, and the subjective measure of MS-related QoL (MSIS-29; P-value = 0.005) two weeks after the intervention. Subjective measures of ambulatory disability (MSWS-12) and treatment efficacy (PGIC) did not significantly change. The effect of age and sex on the outcome measures were also assessed; significant sex-time interaction effects were found for MSWS-12 (P-value = 0.001) and PGIC (P-value<0.001). The impact of age on BBS scores increased as time progressed (P-value = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Caffeine may enhance balance, functional mobility, and QoL in PwMS. Being male was associated with a sharper increase in self-reported ambulatory disability over time. The effects of aging on balance get more pronounced over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Registration number: IRCT2017012332142N1), a Primary Registry in the WHO Registry Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Dadvar
- Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Melika Jameie
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mobina Amanollahi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khosravi
- Clinical Immunology Research Centre, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamed Amirifard
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tait JL, Aisbett B, Corrigan SL, Drain JR, Main LC. Recovery of Cognitive Performance Following Multi-Stressor Military Training. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:389-403. [PMID: 35549578 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221086686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This project aimed to assess the impact of an 8-day military training exercise on cognitive performance, and track its recovery in periods of reduced training load and partially restored sleep. BACKGROUND Military personnel often work in challenging multi-stressor environments, where sleep loss is inevitable. Sleep loss can impair multiple cognitive domains, which can have disastrous consequences in military contexts. METHOD A total of 57 male and female soldiers undergoing the Australian Army combat engineer Initial Employment Training course were recruited and tracked over a 16-day study period which included an 8-day field-based military training exercise. Cognitive performance was assessed via a computerised battery at seven time points across four sequential study periods; 1) baseline (PRE), 2) military field training exercise which included total sleep deprivation (EX-FIELD), 3) training exercise at simulated base with restricted sleep opportunities (EX-BASE), and 4) a 3-day recovery period (REC). Subjective load, fatigue, and sleep were evaluated continuously via questionnaire and actigraphy. RESULTS Psychomotor speed, reaction time, visual tracking and vigilance were impaired following the EX-FIELD period (p < 0.05). The majority of affected measures recovered 2 days following EX-FIELD, being no different in EX-BASE compared to PRE. CONCLUSION The sensitivity of the cognitive tests to sleep restriction, and recovery, indicates they can help assess operational readiness in military personnel. Future studies should explore other indicators of, and strategies to preserve, operational readiness in military personnel. APPLICATION This study highlights the impact of work-induced fatigue on cognitive performance, and would interest authorities seeking to preserve operational readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Tait
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Australia
| | - Brad Aisbett
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Australia
| | - Sean L Corrigan
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
| | - Jace R Drain
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Fisherman's Bend, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Luana C Main
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Australia
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Rosa F, Marigliano B, Mannucci S, Candelli M, Savioli G, Merra G, Gabrielli M, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Piccioni A. Coffee and Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:896-908. [PMID: 38275671 PMCID: PMC10814731 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, which has important repercussions on the health of the individual, mainly because of certain compounds it contains. Coffee consumption exerts significant influences on the entire body, including the gastrointestinal tract, where a central role is played by the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is implicated in the occurrence of numerous diseases, and knowledge of the microbiota has proven to be of fundamental importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this narrative review, we thoroughly investigated the link between coffee consumption and its effects on the gut microbiota and the ensuing consequences on human health. We have selected the most significant articles published on this very interesting link, with the aim of elucidating the latest evidence about the relationship between coffee consumption, its repercussions on the composition of the gut microbiota, and human health. Based on the various studies carried out in both humans and animal models, it has emerged that coffee consumption is associated with changes in the gut microbiota, although further research is needed to understand more about this link and the repercussions for the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rosa
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.M.); (S.M.); (A.G.); (F.F.)
| | - Benedetta Marigliano
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.M.); (S.M.); (A.G.); (F.F.)
| | - Sergio Mannucci
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.M.); (S.M.); (A.G.); (F.F.)
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Gabriele Savioli
- Emergency Department, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- PhD School in Experimental Medicine, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merra
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Gabrielli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.M.); (S.M.); (A.G.); (F.F.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.M.); (S.M.); (A.G.); (F.F.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.C.); (M.G.)
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Lester AB, Buckingham G, Bond B. The effects of partial sleep restriction and subsequent caffeine ingestion on neurovascular coupling. J Sleep Res 2024:e14145. [PMID: 38228309 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Habitual poor sleep is associated with cerebrovascular disease. Acute sleep deprivation alters the ability to match brain blood flow to metabolism (neurovascular coupling [NVC]) but it is not known how partial sleep restriction affects NVC. When rested, caffeine disrupts NVC, but its effects in the sleep-restricted state are unknown. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the effects of partial sleep restriction and subsequent caffeine ingestion on NVC. A total of 17 adults (mean [standard deviation] age 27 [5] years, nine females) completed three separate overnight conditions with morning supplementation: habitual sleep plus placebo (Norm_Pl), habitual sleep plus caffeine (Norm_Caf), and partial (50% habitual sleep) restriction plus caffeine (PSR_Caf). NVC responses were quantified as blood velocity through the posterior (PCAv) and middle (MCAv) cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler ultrasound during a visual search task and cognitive function tests, respectively. NVC was assessed the evening before and twice the morning after each sleep condition-before and 1-h after caffeine ingestion. NVC responses as a percentage increase in PCAv and MCAv from resting baseline were not different at any timepoint, across all conditions (p > 0.053). MCAv at baseline, and PCAv at baseline, peak, and total area under the curve were lower 1-h after caffeine in both Norm_Caf and PSR_Caf as compared to Norm_Pl (p < 0.05), with no difference between Norm_Caf and PSR_Caf (p > 0.14). In conclusion, NVC was unaltered after 50% sleep loss, and caffeine did not modify the magnitude of the response in the rested or sleep-deprived state. Future research should explore how habitual poor sleep affects cerebrovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice B Lester
- Exeter Head Impacts, Brain Injury and Trauma (ExHIBIT) Research Group, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Exeter Head Impacts, Brain Injury and Trauma (ExHIBIT) Research Group, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Bert Bond
- Exeter Head Impacts, Brain Injury and Trauma (ExHIBIT) Research Group, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Wingelaar-Jagt YQ, Wingelaar TT, Riedel WJ, Ramaekers JG. Comparison of effects of modafinil and caffeine on fatigue-vulnerable and fatigue-resistant aircrew after a limited period of sleep deprivation. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1303758. [PMID: 38260091 PMCID: PMC10800817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1303758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Literature suggests pilots experience fatigue differently. So-called fatigue-resistant or -vulnerable individuals might also respond differently to countermeasures or stimulants. This study, which is part of a larger randomized controlled clinical trial, aims to investigate the effect of caffeine and modafinil on fatigue-resistant and -vulnerable pilots. Methods: This study included 32 healthy employees of the Royal Netherlands Air Force, who completed three test days, separated by at least 7 days. After a regular work day, the subjects were randomly administered either 300 mg caffeine, 200 mg modafinil or placebo at midnight. Hereafter the subjects performed the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), vigilance and tracking test (VigTrack) and Stanford sleepiness scale (SSS) six times until 8 a.m. the next day. Subjects were ranked on the average number of lapses on the PVT during the placebo night and divided into three groups: fatigue-vulnerable (FVUL), -intermediate (FINT) and -resistant (FRES), with 11, 10 and 11 subjects in each group, respectively. Area under the curve (AUC) of the PVT, VigTrack and SSS during the test nights were calculated, which were used in univariate factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tukey's HSD post hoc tests were used to differentiate between the groups. Results: A significant effect of treatment was found in the ANOVA of both PVT parameters, VigTrack mean reaction time and SSS. There was a statistically significant effect of fatigue group on all PVT parameters and VigTrack mean percentage omissions, where FINT and FRES scored better than FVUL. There was a significant interaction effect between treatment and fatigue group for PVT number of lapses. This is congruent for the AUC analyses in which for all parameters (except for the SSS) the performance of the FVUL group was consistently worse than that of the FINT and FRES groups. Discussion: This study demonstrates that the performance of individuals with different fatigue tolerances are differently affected by simulants after a limited period of sleep deprivation. The classification of fatigue tolerance through PVT lapses when sleep deprived seems to be able to predict this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Q. Wingelaar-Jagt
- Center for Man in Aviation, Royal Netherlands Air Force, Soesterberg, Netherlands
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Wim J. Riedel
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Han Y, Jia Q, Tian Y, Yan Y, He K, Zhao X. Multi-omics reveals changed energy metabolism of liver and muscle by caffeine after mice swimming. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16677. [PMID: 38188177 PMCID: PMC10771084 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the effects of caffeine on exercise, and provide convincing evidence for its ergogenic effects on exercise performance. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these ergogenic effects remain unclear. In this study, an exercise swimming model was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered with caffeine before swimming on the alterations of proteome and energy metabolome of liver and muscle after swimming. We found proteins in liver, such as S100a8, S100a9, Gabpa, Igfbp1 and Sdc4, were significantly up-regulated, while Rbp4 and Tf decreased after swimming were further down-regulated in caffeine group. The glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways in liver and muscle were both significantly down-regulated in caffeine group. The pyruvate carboxylase and amino acid levels in liver, including cysteine, serine and tyrosine, were markedly up-regulated in caffeine group, exhibiting a strong correlation with the increased pyruvic acid and oxaloacetate levels in muscle. Moreover, caffeine significantly decreased the lactate levels in both liver and muscle after swimming, potentially benefiting exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jia
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Looby A, Piccorelli AV, Zimmerman L, Falco C, Livingston NR, Akin C, Benton S, Juliano LM. Expectancy for Adderall influences subjective mood and drug effects regardless of concurrent caffeine ingestion: A randomized controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:109-118. [PMID: 37740001 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPS; use without a prescription or in ways other than prescribed) is common among college students. Despite the potential for negative consequences, students continue engaging in NPS for cognitive enhancement purposes, which may be maintained by expectancy and placebo effects. OBJECTIVES This study examined if a placebo administered under the guise of Adderall influenced subjective mood/drug effects and cognitive performance. Furthermore, this study examined if concurrent caffeine ingestion incrementally enhanced Adderall-related placebo effects. METHODS Undergraduate students with features that put them at elevated risk for NPS (N = 121) completed measures of mood and drug effects and cognitive assessments on two separate laboratory visits in this parallel randomized controlled trial. Visit 1 was a baseline control visit, on which no drug was expected or received. On visit 2, subjects were randomized to: (1) expect/receive no drug (control); (2) expect Adderall/receive placebo; or (3) expect Adderall/receive 200 mg caffeine. RESULTS There were several significant condition × visit interactions for subjective effects, including amphetamine effects, energy and efficiency effects, and feeling high. In most cases, participants who expected Adderall reported greater positive subjective effects on visit 2 compared to controls; however, there were generally not incremental enhancements for those ingesting caffeine compared to placebo. There were no significant effects for any cognitive tests. CONCLUSIONS Expectation for prescription stimulant effects influenced subjective outcomes in a sample of high-risk college students. These findings may inform expectancy challenge interventions to reduce NPS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03648684.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Looby
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
| | - Annalisa V Piccorelli
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Biostatistics Division, 1730 Minor Avenue, Ste 1600, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Lauren Zimmerman
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Caitlin Falco
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Nicholas R Livingston
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Cody Akin
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Samuel Benton
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Department 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Laura M Juliano
- Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20016, USA
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Grgic J, Varovic D. Moderators of Caffeine's Effects on Jumping Performance in Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:92-100. [PMID: 37191618 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2212740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of caffeine's effects on vertical jumping performance in females, with subgroup analyses for potential moderators, including phase of the menstrual cycle, testing time of day, caffeine dose, and test type. Fifteen studies were included in the review (n = 197). Their data were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis of effect sizes (Hedges' g). In the main meta-analysis, we found an ergogenic effect of caffeine on jumping performance (g: 0.28). An ergogenic effect of caffeine on jumping performance was found when the testing was carried out in the luteal phase (g: 0.24), follicular phase (g: 0.52), luteal or follicular phase (g: 0.31), and when the phase was not specified (g: 0.21). The test for subgroup differences indicated that the ergogenic effects of caffeine were significantly greater in the follicular phase compared to all other conditions. An ergogenic effect of caffeine on jumping performance was found when the testing was carried out in the morning (g: 0.38), evening (g: 0.19), mixed morning or evening (g: 0.38), and when time was not specified (g: 0.32), with no subgroup differences. An ergogenic effect of caffeine on jumping performance was found when the dose was ≤3 mg/kg (g: 0.21), or >3 mg/kg (g: 0.37), with no subgroup differences. An ergogenic effect of caffeine on jumping performance was found in the countermovement jump test (g: 0.26) and squat jump test (g: 0.35), with no subgroup differences. In summary, caffeine ingestion is ergogenic for vertical jumping performance in females, and it seems that the magnitude of these effects is the largest in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozo Grgic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dorian Varovic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Siquier-Coll J, Delgado-García G, Soto-Méndez F, Liñán-González A, García R, González-Fernández FT. The Effect of Caffeine Supplementation on Female Volleyball Players' Performance and Wellness during a Regular Training Week. Nutrients 2023; 16:29. [PMID: 38201859 PMCID: PMC10780397 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND caffeine is an ergogenic aid that still needs to be investigated in women's sports performance. METHODS Eight semi-professional women's volleyball players (height = 1.63 ± 0.08 m; weight = 66.67 ± 4.74 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. A randomized crossover design was implemented where players underwent caffeine and placebo conditions. In the caffeine condition, participants consumed 5 mg/kg of caffeine based on their body weight before acute training. The evaluations were performed over two weeks of training. In both conditions, the countermovement jump, repeated jumps for 15 s, and handgrip tests were performed. The change of direction was assessed using the 505 test. Well-being was also assessed with a wellness questionnaire. A repeated measures ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS The repeated measures ANOVA revealed a main effect of supplementation (F (1.7) = 8.41, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.54) across the training week on physical performance. Additionally, there was a positive effect on perceived fatigue (F (1.7) = 7.29, p = 0.03, η2 = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS Caffeine improved performance and fatigue parameters over one week of training. Further research is needed on women, focusing on physical performance and wellbeing, especially during intense periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Siquier-Coll
- Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Dos Hermanas, Spain
| | - Gabriel Delgado-García
- SER Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Center of Higher Education Alberta Giménez, Affiliated to Pontifical University of Comillas, 07013 Palma, Spain; (G.D.-G.); (F.S.-M.)
| | - Fulgencio Soto-Méndez
- SER Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Center of Higher Education Alberta Giménez, Affiliated to Pontifical University of Comillas, 07013 Palma, Spain; (G.D.-G.); (F.S.-M.)
| | - Antonio Liñán-González
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain
| | - Raquel García
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
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Aljaadi AM, Turki A, Gazzaz AZ, Al-Qahtani FS, Althumiri NA, BinDhim NF. Soft and energy drinks consumption and associated factors in Saudi adults: a national cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1286633. [PMID: 38115880 PMCID: PMC10729318 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1286633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The consumption of soft and energy drinks poses a significant risk for non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. Studies in Saudi Arabia have reported elevated consumption of soft/energy drinks, but nation-wide data is not available. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence of soft and energy drinks consumption and its associated factors among a representative sample of Saudi adults. Methods The present research is a secondary data analysis of the 2021 Sharik Diet and Health National Survey (SDHNS). Current analysis used data on socio-demographics, anthropometrics, physical activity, and soft and energy drink consumption. The frequency of soft and energy drinks consumption is assessed on a weekly basis. Results Of the 5,194 Saudi adults, 3,928 were analyzed. Overall, 67% consumed soft drinks weekly, while 30% consumed energy drinks weekly. In multiple logistic regression, consumption of either soft drinks or energy drinks was associated with males, a younger age, lower income, and lower physical activity. Individuals with overweight or obesity were less likely to consume energy drinks [OR (95%CI): 0.83 (0.71, 0.99) and 0.73 (0.60, 0.90), respectively] than those with healthy weight. However, education level was not associated with either soft or energy drink consumption. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions designed to reduce soft and energy drinks consumption in Saudi adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Aljaadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Turki
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Z. Gazzaz
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. Althumiri
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F. BinDhim
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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