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Tan E, Troller-Renfree SV, Morales S, Buzzell GA, McSweeney M, Antúnez M, Fox NA. Theta activity and cognitive functioning: Integrating evidence from resting-state and task-related developmental electroencephalography (EEG) research. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 67:101404. [PMID: 38852382 PMCID: PMC11214181 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The theta band is one of the most prominent frequency bands in the electroencephalography (EEG) power spectrum and presents an interesting paradox: while elevated theta power during resting state is linked to lower cognitive abilities in children and adolescents, increased theta power during cognitive tasks is associated with higher cognitive performance. Why does theta power, measured during resting state versus cognitive tasks, show differential correlations with cognitive functioning? This review provides an integrated account of the functional correlates of theta across different contexts. We first present evidence that higher theta power during resting state is correlated with lower executive functioning, attentional abilities, language skills, and IQ. Next, we review research showing that theta power increases during memory, attention, and cognitive control, and that higher theta power during these processes is correlated with better performance. Finally, we discuss potential explanations for the differential correlations between resting/task-related theta and cognitive functioning, and offer suggestions for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enda Tan
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
| | | | - Santiago Morales
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, CA 90007, USA
| | - George A Buzzell
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, FL 33199, USA
| | - Marco McSweeney
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Martín Antúnez
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA
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Xu X, Buzzell GA, Bowers ME, Shuffrey LC, Leach SC, McSweeney M, Yoder L, Fifer WP, Myers MM, Elliott AJ, Fox NA, Morales S. Electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control in children: Relations with prenatal maternal risk factors and child psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38654404 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory control plays an important role in children's cognitive and socioemotional development, including their psychopathology. It has been established that contextual factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) and parents' psychopathology are associated with children's inhibitory control. However, the relations between the neural correlates of inhibitory control and contextual factors have been rarely examined in longitudinal studies. In the present study, we used both event-related potential (ERP) components and time-frequency measures of inhibitory control to evaluate the neural pathways between contextual factors, including prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology, and children's behavioral and emotional problems in a large sample of children (N = 560; 51.75% females; Mage = 7.13 years; Rangeage = 4-11 years). Results showed that theta power, which was positively predicted by prenatal SES and was negatively related to children's externalizing problems, mediated the longitudinal and negative relation between them. ERP amplitudes and latencies did not mediate the longitudinal association between prenatal risk factors (i.e., prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology) and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. Our findings increase our understanding of the neural pathways linking early risk factors to children's psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Xu
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Cortland, Cortland, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George A Buzzell
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maureen E Bowers
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lauren C Shuffrey
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie C Leach
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Marco McSweeney
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lydia Yoder
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William P Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael M Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy J Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Santiago Morales
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Aydin Ü, Gyurkovics M, Ginestet C, Capp S, Greven CU, Palmer J, McLoughlin G. Genetic Overlap Between Midfrontal Theta Signals and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Longitudinal Twin Cohort. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:823-832. [PMID: 37187423 PMCID: PMC10769884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive control has been strongly linked to midfrontal theta (4-8 Hz) brain activity. Such control processes are known to be impaired in individuals with psychiatric conditions and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Temporal variability in theta, in particular, has been associated with ADHD, with shared genetic variance underlying the relationship. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and genetic relationships between theta phase variability, theta-related signals (the N2, error-related negativity, and error positivity), reaction time, and ADHD and ASD longitudinally in a large twin study of young adults to investigate the stability of the genetic relationships between these measures over time. METHODS Genetic multivariate liability threshold models were run on a longitudinal sample of 566 participants (283 twin pairs). Characteristics of ADHD and ASD were measured in childhood and young adulthood, while an electroencephalogram was recorded in young adulthood during an arrow flanker task. RESULTS Cross-trial theta phase variability in adulthood showed large positive phenotypic and genetic relationships with reaction time variability and both childhood and adult ADHD characteristics. Error positivity amplitude was negatively related phenotypically and genetically to ADHD and ASD at both time points. CONCLUSIONS We showed significant genetic associations between variability in theta signaling and ADHD. A novel finding from the current study is that these relationships were stable across time, indicating a core dysregulation of the temporal coordination of control processes in ADHD that persists in individuals with childhood symptoms. Error processing, indexed by the error positivity, was altered in both ADHD and ASD, with a strong genetic contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümit Aydin
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Máté Gyurkovics
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Ginestet
- Bioinformatics and Health Statistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Capp
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Corina U Greven
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jason Palmer
- School of Mathematical and Data Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Gráinne McLoughlin
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Cavanagh JF. Frontal Theta Helps to Explain Etiological Variability. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:767-768. [PMID: 37852704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James F Cavanagh
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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Balconi M, Acconito C, Allegretta RA, Crivelli D. What Is the Relationship between Metacognition and Mental Effort in Executive Functions? The Contribution of Neurophysiology. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:918. [PMID: 37998665 PMCID: PMC10669885 DOI: 10.3390/bs13110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged cognitive effort can be considered one of the core determinants of mental fatigue and may negatively affect the efficacy and efficiency of cognitive performance. Metacognition-understood as a multi-componential set of skills concerning awareness and control of one's own cognition-might reduce such negative outcomes. This study aimed to explore the relation between metacognitive skills, neurocognitive performance, and the level of mental effort as mirrored by electrophysiological (EEG) markers of cognitive load and task demand. A challenging cognitive task was used to prompt and collect metacognition reports, performance data (accuracy and response times-RTs), and physiological markers of mental effort (task-related changes of spectral power for standard EEG frequency bands) via wearable EEG. Data analysis highlighted that different aspects of metacognitive skills are associated with performance as measured by, respectively, accuracy and RTs. Furthermore, specific aspects of metacognitive skills were found to be consistently correlated with EEG markers of cognitive effort, regardless of increasing task demands. Finally, behavioral metrics mirroring the efficiency of information processing were found to be associated with different EEG markers of cognitive effort depending on the low or high demand imposed by the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Balconi
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Faculty of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (C.A.); (R.A.A.)
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Acconito
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Faculty of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (C.A.); (R.A.A.)
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta A. Allegretta
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Faculty of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (C.A.); (R.A.A.)
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Crivelli
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Faculty of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (C.A.); (R.A.A.)
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
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Gyulai A, Körmendi J, Issa MF, Juhasz Z, Nagy Z. Event-Related Spectral Perturbation, Inter Trial Coherence, and Functional Connectivity in motor execution: A comparative EEG study of old and young subjects. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3176. [PMID: 37624638 PMCID: PMC10454281 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The motor-related bioelectric brain activity of healthy young and old subjects was studied to understand the effect of aging on motor execution. A visually cued finger tapping movement paradigm and high-density EEG were used to examine the time and frequency characteristics. METHODS Twenty-two young and 22 healthy elderly adults participated in the study. Repeated trials of left and right index finger movements were recorded with a 128-channel EEG. Event-Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP), Inter Trial Coherence (ITC), and Functional Connectivity were computed and compared between the age groups. RESULTS An age-dependent theta and alpha band ERSP decrease was observed over the frontal-midline area. Decrease of beta band ERSP was found over the ipsilateral central-parietal regions. Significant ITC differences were found in the delta and theta bands between old and young subjects over the contralateral parietal-occipital areas. The spatial extent of increased ITC values was larger in old subjects. The movement execution of older subjects showed higher global efficiency in the delta and theta bands, and higher local efficiency and node strengths in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands. CONCLUSION As functional compensation of aging, elderly motor networks involve more nonmotor, parietal-occipital, and frontal areas, with higher global and local efficiency, node strength. ERSP and ITC changes seem to be sensitive and complementary biomarkers of age-related motor execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gyulai
- Szentagothai Doctoral SchoolSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of NeurologyUzsoki HospitalBudapestHungary
- Laboratory of Bioelectric Brain ImagingNational Mental, Neurological and Neurosurgical InstituteBudapestHungary
| | - Janos Körmendi
- Laboratory of Bioelectric Brain ImagingNational Mental, Neurological and Neurosurgical InstituteBudapestHungary
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information SystemsUniversity of PannoniaVeszpremHungary
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Institute of Health Promotion and Sport SciencesEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Mohamed F. Issa
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information SystemsUniversity of PannoniaVeszpremHungary
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Scientific ComputingBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt
| | - Zoltan Juhasz
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information SystemsUniversity of PannoniaVeszpremHungary
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- Laboratory of Bioelectric Brain ImagingNational Mental, Neurological and Neurosurgical InstituteBudapestHungary
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information SystemsUniversity of PannoniaVeszpremHungary
- Department of Vascular NeurologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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Wu X, Jia H, Wang E. The neurophysiological mechanism of valence-space congruency effect: evidence from spatial Stroop task and event-related EEG features. Cogn Neurodyn 2023; 17:855-867. [PMID: 37522040 PMCID: PMC10374502 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-022-09842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaphors commonly represent mental representations of abstract concepts. One example is the valence-space metaphor (i.e., positive word-up, negative word-down), which suggests that the vertical position of positive/negative words can modulate the evaluation of word valence. Here, the spatial Stroop task and electroencephalography (EEG) techniques were used to explore the neural mechanism of the valence-space congruency effect in valence-space metaphors. This study showed that the reaction time of the congruent condition (i.e., positive words at the top and negative words at the bottom of the screen) was significantly shorter than that of the incongruent condition (i.e., positive words at the bottom and negative words at the top of the screen), while the accuracy rate of the congruent condition was significantly larger than that of the incongruent condition. The analysis of the amplitudes of event-related potential components revealed that congruency between the vertical position and valence of Chinese words could significantly modulate the amplitude of attention allocation-related P2 component and semantic violations related N400 component. Moreover, statistical tests conducted on the post-stimulus inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) found that the ITPC value of an alpha band region of interest (8-12 Hz, 100-300 ms post-stimulus) in the time-frequency plane of the congruent condition was significantly larger than that of the incongruent condition. Above all, the current study proved the existence of the space-valence congruency effect in Chinese words and provided some interesting neurophysiological mechanisms regarding the valence-space metaphor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangci Wu
- Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
- School of Psychology, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
| | - Huibin Jia
- Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
- School of Psychology, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
| | - Enguo Wang
- Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
- School of Psychology, Henan University, 475004 Kaifeng, China
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Anguera JA, Rowe MA, Volponi JJ, Elkurdi M, Jurigova B, Simon AJ, Anguera-Singla R, Gallen CL, Gazzaley A, Marco EJ. Enhancing attention in children using an integrated cognitive-physical videogame: A pilot study. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:65. [PMID: 37046040 PMCID: PMC10097690 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inattention can negatively impact several aspects of a child's life, including at home and school. Cognitive and physical interventions are two promising non-pharmaceutical approaches used to enhance attention abilities, with combined approaches often being marketed to teachers, therapists, and parents typically without research validation. Here, we assessed the feasibility of incorporating an integrated, cognitive-physical, closed-loop video game (body-brain trainer or 'BBT') as an after-school program, and also evaluated if there were attention benefits following its use. Twenty-two children (7-12 years of age) with a range of attention abilities were recruited to participate in this proof of concept, single-arm, longitudinal study (24 sessions over 8 weeks, ~30 min/day). We interrogated attention abilities through a parent survey of their child's behaviors, in addition to objective performance-based and neural measures of attention. Here we observed 95% compliance as well as, significant improvements on the parent-based reports of inattention and on cognitive tests and neural measures of attention that were comparable in scale to previous work. Exploratory measures of other cognitive control abilities and physical fitness also showed similar improvement, with exploratory evaluation of retained benefits on the primary attention-related outcomes being present 1-year later. Lastly, there was no correlation between the baseline parent-rated inattention score and the improvement on the primary task-based measures of attention, suggesting that intervention-based benefits were not solely attained by those who stood the most to gain. These pilot findings warrant future research to replicate and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Anguera
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - M A Rowe
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Medicine, Cortica Healthcare, San Rafael, USA
| | - J J Volponi
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - M Elkurdi
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Medicine, Cortica Healthcare, San Rafael, USA
| | - B Jurigova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - A J Simon
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - R Anguera-Singla
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - C L Gallen
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - A Gazzaley
- Neuroscape Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - E J Marco
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Medicine, Cortica Healthcare, San Rafael, USA
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Li L, Zhang Y, Fan L, Zhao J, Guo J, Li C, Wang J, Liu T. Activation of the brain during motor imagination task with auditory stimulation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1130685. [PMID: 37008209 PMCID: PMC10050425 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1130685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAuditory stimulation is one of the most important influence factors in the cognitive process. It is an important guiding role in cognitive motor process. However, previous studies on auditory stimuli mainly focused on the cognitive effects of auditory stimuli on the cortex, while the role of auditory stimuli in motor imagery tasks is still unclear.MethodsIn order to explore the role of auditory stimuli in motor imagery tasks, we studied the EEG power spectrum distribution characteristics, frontal parietal mismatch negative (MMN) wave characteristics, and the Inter trial phase locking consistency (ITPC) characteristics of the prefrontal cognitive cortex and parietal motor cortex. In this study, 18 subjects were hired to complete the motor imagery tasks, induced by auditory stimuli of task related verbs and task independent nouns.ResultsEEG power spectrum analysis showed that the activity of the contralateral motor cortex was significantly increased under the stimulation of verbs, and the amplitude of mismatch negative wave was also significantly increased. ITPC is mainly concentrated in μ, α, and γ bands in the process of motor imagery task guided by the auditory stimulus of verbs, while it is mainly concentrated in the β band under the nouns stimulation. This difference may be due to the impact of auditory cognitive process on motor imagery.DiscussionWe speculate that there may be a more complex mechanism for the effect of auditory stimulation on the inter test phase lock consistency. When the stimulus sound has the corresponding meaning to the motor action, the parietal motor cortex may be more affected by the cognitive prefrontal cortex, thus changing its normal response mode. This mode change is due to the joint action of motor imagination, cognitive and auditory stimuli. This study provides new insight into the neural mechanism of motor imagery task guided by auditory stimuli, and provides more information on the activity characteristics of the brain network in motor imagery task by cognitive auditory stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liming Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jue Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Wang,
| | - Tian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Tian Liu,
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Schaefer S, Riediger M, Li SC, Lindenberger U. Too easy, too hard, or just right: Lifespan age differences and gender effects on task difficulty choices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/01650254231160126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In everyday life, individuals often need to make choices about the difficulty level of tasks they wish to perform. Here, we investigate age- and gender-related differences in the monitoring of discrepancies between the difficulty of a given task and one’s own performance level, and in the likelihood to select task difficulties that match one’s performance level. Male and female children, teenagers, younger adults, and older adults (total N = 160) were asked to play a modified version of the BINGO game. Task difficulty was operationalized as the number of cards played simultaneously. We expected that (a) discrepancies between individuals’ self-selected difficulty levels and their objectively assessed maximum manageable task difficulty (MMTD) would be lowest in early adulthood; (b) children and teenagers, on average, would select relatively difficult task difficulties; and (c) males would overestimate their performance levels, on average, to a greater extent than females. As predicted, younger adults selected task difficulties closest to their MMTD. All other age groups, including older adults, chose task difficulties above their MMTD. The expected gender differences were restricted to children, with boys showing more pronounced performance overestimations than girls. Children and teenagers fluctuated more in their difficulty choices than adults, and many of them, especially boys, occasionally chose difficulty levels far beyond their performance capabilities. We conclude that task-difficulty choices are an interesting topic for lifespan studies. Future research should systematically vary the physical risk involved in a task, and also include the presence of peers.
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11
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Li SC, Fitzek FHP. Digitally embodied lifespan neurocognitive development and Tactile Internet: Transdisciplinary challenges and opportunities. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1116501. [PMID: 36845878 PMCID: PMC9950571 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying perceptual processing and inference undergo substantial changes across the lifespan. If utilized properly, technologies could support and buffer the relatively more limited neurocognitive functions in the still developing or aging brains. Over the past decade, a new type of digital communication infrastructure, known as the "Tactile Internet (TI)," is emerging in the fields of telecommunication, sensor and actuator technologies and machine learning. A key aim of the TI is to enable humans to experience and interact with remote and virtual environments through digitalized multimodal sensory signals that also include the haptic (tactile and kinesthetic) sense. Besides their applied focus, such technologies may offer new opportunities for the research tapping into mechanisms of digitally embodied perception and cognition as well as how they may differ across age cohorts. However, there are challenges in translating empirical findings and theories about neurocognitive mechanisms of perception and lifespan development into the day-to-day practices of engineering research and technological development. On the one hand, the capacity and efficiency of digital communication are affected by signal transmission noise according to Shannon's (1949) Information Theory. On the other hand, neurotransmitters, which have been postulated as means that regulate the signal-to-noise ratio of neural information processing (e.g., Servan-Schreiber et al., 1990), decline substantially during aging. Thus, here we highlight neuronal gain control of perceptual processing and perceptual inference to illustrate potential interfaces for developing age-adjusted technologies to enable plausible multisensory digital embodiments for perceptual and cognitive interactions in remote or virtual environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,*Correspondence: Shu-Chen Li,
| | - Frank H. P. Fitzek
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Wootton O, Dalvie S, Susser E, Gur RC, Stein DJ. Within-individual variability in cognitive performance in schizophrenia: A narrative review of the key literature and proposed research agenda. Schizophr Res 2023; 252:329-334. [PMID: 36708623 PMCID: PMC9974859 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Deficits in cognitive function are characteristic of schizophrenia and are predictors of functional outcomes in the disorder. Within-individual variability (WIV) in cognitive performance is elevated in schizophrenia and has been suggested to provide additional insight into cognitive function over and above mean performance measures. Despite growing interest in WIV in schizophrenia, research on the clinical significance and neural correlates of WIV in the disorder remains sparse. The present narrative review summarizes the key literature linking WIV in schizophrenia to clinical, neural, and genetic correlates. Here, we aim to highlight key knowledge gaps and provide directions for future research into WIV in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Wootton
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa
| | - Ezra Susser
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, South Africa
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13
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Cubillo A, Hermes H, Berger E, Winkel K, Schunk D, Fehr E, Hare TA. Intra-individual variability in task performance after cognitive training is associated with long-term outcomes in children. Dev Sci 2023; 26:e13252. [PMID: 35184350 PMCID: PMC10078259 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The potential benefits and mechanistic effects of working memory training (WMT) in children are the subject of much research and debate. We show that after five weeks of school-based, adaptive WMT 6-9 year-old primary school children had greater activity in prefrontal and striatal brain regions, higher task accuracy, and reduced intra-individual variability in response times compared to controls. Using a sequential sampling decision model, we demonstrate that this reduction in intra-individual variability can be explained by changes to the evidence accumulation rates and thresholds. Critically, intra-individual variability is useful in quantifying the immediate impact of cognitive training interventions, being a better predictor of academic skills and well-being 6-12 months after the end of training than task accuracy. Taken together, our results suggest that attention control is the initial mechanism that leads to the long-run benefits from adaptive WMT. Selective and sustained attention abilities may serve as a scaffold for subsequent changes in higher cognitive processes, academic skills, and general well-being. Furthermore, these results highlight that the selection of outcome measures and the timing of the assessments play a crucial role in detecting training efficacy. Thus, evaluating intra-individual variability, during or directly after training could allow for the early tailoring of training interventions in terms of duration or content to maximise their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cubillo
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henning Hermes
- DICE, Heinrich Heine University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Berger
- Chair of Public and Behavioral Economics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kirsten Winkel
- Chair of Statistics and Econometrics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Schunk
- Chair of Public and Behavioral Economics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ernst Fehr
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Todd A Hare
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Integrated cognitive and physical fitness training enhances attention abilities in older adults. NPJ AGING 2022; 8:12. [PMID: 36042247 PMCID: PMC9427998 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-022-00093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Preserving attention abilities is of great concern to older adults who are motivated to maintain their quality of life. Both cognitive and physical fitness interventions have been utilized in intervention studies to assess maintenance and enhancement of attention abilities in seniors, and a coupling of these approaches is a compelling strategy to buttress both cognitive and physical health in a time- and resource-effective manner. With this perspective, we created a closed-loop, motion-capture video game (Body-Brain Trainer: BBT) that adapts a player’s cognitive and physical demands in an integrated approach, thus creating a personalized and cohesive experience across both domains. Older adults who engaged in two months of BBT improved on both physical fitness (measures of blood pressure and balance) and attention (behavioral and neural metrics of attention on a continuous performance task) outcome measures beyond that of an expectancy matched, active, placebo control group, with maintenance of improved attention performance evidenced 1 year later. Following training, the BBT group’s improvement on the attention outcome measure exceeded performance levels attained by an untrained group of 20-year olds, and showed age-equilibration of a neural signature of attention shown to decline with age: midline frontal theta power. These findings highlight the potential benefits of an integrated, cognitive-physical, closed-loop training platform as a powerful tool for both cognitive and physical enhancement in older adults.
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15
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Li L, Zhang Y, Huang L, Zhao J, Wang J, Liu T. Robot Assisted Treatment of Hand Functional Rehabilitation Based on Visual Motor Imagination. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:870871. [PMID: 35462690 PMCID: PMC9029075 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.870871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study implements a hybrid brain computer interface paradigm based on motor imagery (MI) and steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), in order to explore the neural mechanism and clinical effect of MI-SSVEP intervention paradigm on upper limb functional rehabilitation. In this study, EEG data of 12 healthy participants were collected, and the activation regions of MI-SSVEP paradigm were identified by power spectral density (PSD). By analyzing the inter trial phase consistency (ITPC) of characteristic regions and the causal relationship of brain network, the motor cognitive process including high-level somatosensory joint cortex in the intervention process of MI-SSVEP was studied. Subsequently, this study verified the clinical effect of MI-SSVEP intervention paradigm for 61 stroke patients. The results show that the robot assisted therapy using MI-SSVEP intervention paradigm can more effectively improve the rehabilitation effect of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics and Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics and Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics and Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an, China
| | - Jue Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics and Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Wang,
| | - Tian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics and Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Wang,
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van Noordt S, Desjardins JA, Elsabbagh M. Inter-trial theta phase consistency during face processing in infants is associated with later emerging autism. Autism Res 2022; 15:834-846. [PMID: 35348304 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of research suggests that consistency in cortical activity may be a promising neurophysiological marker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the current study we examined inter-trial coherence, a measure of phase consistency across trials, in the theta range (t-ITC: 3-6 Hz), as theta has been implicated in the processing of social and emotional stimuli in infants and adults. The sample included infants who had an older sibling with a confirmed ASD diagnosis and typically developing (TD) infants with no family history of ASD. The data were collected as part of the British Autism Study of Infant Siblings (BASIS) study. Infants between 6 and 10 months of age (Mage = 7.34, SDage = 1.21) performed a visual face processing task that included faces and scrambled, "face noise", stimuli. Follow-up assessments in higher likelihood infants were completed at 24 and again at 36 months to determine diagnostic outcomes. Analysis focused on posterior t-ITC during early (0-200 ms) and late (200-500 ms) visual processing stages commonly investigated in infant studies. t-ITC over posterior scalp regions during late stage face processing was significantly higher in TD and higher likelihood infants without ASD (HRA-), indicating reduced consistency in theta-band responses in higher likelihood infants who eventually receive a diagnosis of ASD (HRA+). These findings indicate that the temporal dynamics of theta during face processing relate to ASD outcomes. Reduced consistency of oscillatory dynamics at basic levels of infant sensory processing could have downstream effects on learning and social communication. LAY SUMMARY: We examined the consistency in brain responses to faces in infants at lower or higher familial likelihood for autism. Our results show that the consistency of EEG responses was lower during face processing in higher likelihood infants who eventually received a diagnosis of autism. These findings highlight that reduced consistency in brain activity during face processing in the first year of life is related to emerging autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefon van Noordt
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Canada
| | - James A Desjardins
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,SHARCNET, Compute Ontario, Compute Canada
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- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Senk S, Ulbricht M, Tsokalo I, Rischke J, Li SC, Speidel S, Nguyen GT, Seeling P, Fitzek FHP. Healing Hands: The Tactile Internet in Future Tele-Healthcare. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041404. [PMID: 35214306 PMCID: PMC8963047 DOI: 10.3390/s22041404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the early 2020s, the coronavirus pandemic brought the notion of remotely connected care to the general population across the globe. Oftentimes, the timely provisioning of access to and the implementation of affordable care are drivers behind tele-healthcare initiatives. Tele-healthcare has already garnered significant momentum in research and implementations in the years preceding the worldwide challenge of 2020, supported by the emerging capabilities of communication networks. The Tactile Internet (TI) with human-in-the-loop is one of those developments, leading to the democratization of skills and expertise that will significantly impact the long-term developments of the provisioning of care. However, significant challenges remain that require today’s communication networks to adapt to support the ultra-low latency required. The resulting latency challenge necessitates trans-disciplinary research efforts combining psychophysiological as well as technological solutions to achieve one millisecond and below round-trip times. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the benefits enabled by solving this network latency reduction challenge by employing state-of-the-art Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) devices in a testbed, realizing the service differentiation required for the multi-modal human-machine interface. With completely new types of services and use cases resulting from the TI, we describe the potential impacts on remote surgery and remote rehabilitation as examples, with a focus on the future of tele-healthcare in rural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senk
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.R.); (F.H.P.F.)
| | - Marian Ulbricht
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.R.); (F.H.P.F.)
| | | | - Justus Rischke
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.R.); (F.H.P.F.)
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Speidel
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), National Center for Tumor Diseases, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Giang T. Nguyen
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Chair of Haptic Communication Systems, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Patrick Seeling
- Department of Computer Science, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Frank H. P. Fitzek
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.R.); (F.H.P.F.)
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18
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Vainieri I, Michelini G, Adamo N, Cheung CHM, Asherson P, Kuntsi J. Event-related brain-oscillatory and ex-Gaussian markers of remission and persistence of ADHD. Psychol Med 2022; 52:352-361. [PMID: 32611469 PMCID: PMC8842193 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adolescence and adulthood, but the processes underlying persistence and remission remain poorly understood. We previously found that reaction time variability and event-related potentials of preparation-vigilance processes were impaired in ADHD persisters and represented markers of remission, as ADHD remitters were indistinguishable from controls but differed from persisters. Here, we aimed to further clarify the nature of the cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in ADHD and of markers of remission by examining the finer-grained ex-Gaussian reaction-time distribution and electroencephalographic (EEG) brain-oscillatory measures in ADHD persisters, remitters and controls. METHODS A total of 110 adolescents and young adults with childhood ADHD (87 persisters, 23 remitters) and 169 age-matched controls were compared on ex-Gaussian (mu, sigma, tau) indices and time-frequency EEG measures of power and phase consistency from a reaction-time task with slow-unrewarded baseline and fast-incentive conditions ('Fast task'). RESULTS Compared to controls, ADHD persisters showed significantly greater mu, sigma, tau, and lower theta power and phase consistency across conditions. Relative to ADHD persisters, remitters showed significantly lower tau and theta power and phase consistency across conditions, as well as lower mu in the fast-incentive condition, with no difference in the baseline condition. Remitters did not significantly differ from controls on any measure. CONCLUSIONS We found widespread impairments in ADHD persisters in reaction-time distribution and brain-oscillatory measures. Event-related theta power, theta phase consistency and tau across conditions, as well as mu in the more engaging fast-incentive condition, emerged as novel markers of ADHD remission, potentially representing compensatory mechanisms in individuals with remitted ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Vainieri
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicoletta Adamo
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Celeste H. M. Cheung
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Education Endowment Foundation, London, UK
| | - Philip Asherson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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19
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Faller J, Doose J, Sun X, Mclntosh JR, Saber GT, Lin Y, Teves JB, Blankenship A, Huffman S, Goldman RI, George MS, Brown TR, Sajda P. Daily prefrontal closed-loop repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) produces progressive EEG quasi-alpha phase entrainment in depressed adults. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:458-471. [PMID: 35231608 PMCID: PMC8979612 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation modality that can treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or help smoking cessation. Research suggests that timing the delivery of TMS relative to an endogenous brain state may affect efficacy and short-term brain dynamics. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether, for a multi-week daily treatment of repetitive TMS (rTMS), there is an effect on brain dynamics that depends on the timing of the TMS relative to individuals' prefrontal EEG quasi-alpha rhythm (between 6 and 13 Hz). METHOD We developed a novel closed-loop system that delivers personalized EEG-triggered rTMS to patients undergoing treatment for major depressive disorder. In a double blind study, patients received daily treatments of rTMS over a period of six weeks and were randomly assigned to either a synchronized or unsynchronized treatment group, where synchronization of rTMS was to their prefrontal EEG quasi-alpha rhythm. RESULTS When rTMS is applied over the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and synchronized to the patient's prefrontal quasi-alpha rhythm, patients develop strong phase entrainment over a period of weeks, both over the stimulation site as well as in a subset of areas distal to the stimulation site. In addition, at the end of the course of treatment, this group's entrainment phase shifts to be closer to the phase that optimally engages the distal target, namely the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). These entrainment effects are not observed in the group that is given rTMS without initial EEG synchronization of each TMS train. CONCLUSIONS The entrainment effects build over the course of days/weeks, suggesting that these effects engage neuroplastic changes which may have clinical consequences in depression or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Faller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jayce Doose
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA; US DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 20115, USA
| | - James R Mclntosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Golbarg T Saber
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yida Lin
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Joshua B Teves
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Aidan Blankenship
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Sarah Huffman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Robin I Goldman
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mark S George
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, 29401, USA
| | - Truman R Brown
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Paul Sajda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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20
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van Noordt S, Heffer T, Willoughby T. A developmental examination of medial frontal theta dynamics and inhibitory control. Neuroimage 2021; 246:118765. [PMID: 34875380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medial frontal theta-band oscillations are a robust marker of action-outcome monitoring. In a large developmental sample (n = 432, 9-16 years), we examined whether phase and non-phase locked medial frontal theta power were related to inhibitory control among children and adolescents. Our results showed that the well-established increase in medial frontal theta power during inhibitory control was captured largely by non-phase locked dynamics, which partially mediated the positive effect of age on task performance. A person-centered approach also revealed latent classes of individuals based on their multivariate theta power dynamics (phase locked/non-phase locked, GO/NOGO). The class of individuals showing low phase locked and high non-phase locked medial frontal theta were significantly older, had better inhibitory control, scored higher on measures of general cognitive function, and were more efficient in their behavioural responses. The functional significance of phase and non-phase locked theta dynamics, and their potential changes, could have important implications for action-outcome monitoring and cognitive function in both typical and atypical development, as well as related psychopathology .
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefon van Noordt
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Taylor Heffer
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teena Willoughby
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Chevalier N, Hadley LV, Balthrop K. Midfrontal theta oscillations and conflict monitoring in children and adults. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22216. [PMID: 34813101 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Conflict monitoring is central in cognitive control, as detection of conflict serves as a signal for the need to engage control. This study examined whether (1) midfrontal theta oscillations similarly support conflict monitoring in children and adults, and (2) performance monitoring difficulty influences conflict monitoring and resolution. Children (n = 25) and adults (n = 24) completed a flanker task with fair or rigged response feedback. Relative to adults, children showed a smaller congruency effect on midfrontal theta power, overall lower midfrontal theta power and coherence, and (unlike adults) no correlation between midfrontal theta power and N2 amplitude, suggesting that reduced neural communication efficiency contributes to less efficient conflict monitoring in children than adults. In both age groups, response feedback fairness affected response times and the P3, but neither midfrontal theta oscillations nor the N2, indicating that performance monitoring difficulty influenced conflict resolution but not conflict monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren V Hadley
- Hearing Sciences-Scottish Section, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Nottingham, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kullen Balthrop
- University Counseling Services, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky, USA
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22
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Korkki SM, Papenberg G, Karalija N, Garrett DD, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Nyberg L, Bäckman L. Fronto-striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability is associated with cognitive variability in older individuals with low dopamine integrity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21089. [PMID: 34702857 PMCID: PMC8548594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Within-person, moment-to-moment, variability in behavior increases with advancing adult age, potentially reflecting the influence of reduced structural and neurochemical brain integrity, especially that of the dopaminergic system. We examined the role of dopamine D2 receptor (D2DR) availability, grey-, and white-matter integrity, for between-person differences in cognitive variability in a large sample of healthy older adults (n = 181; 64-68 years) from the Cognition, Brain, and Aging (COBRA) study. Intra-individual variability (IIV) in cognition was measured as across-trial variability in participants' response times for tasks assessing perceptual speed and working memory, as well as for a control task of motor speed. Across the whole sample, no associations of D2DR availability, or grey- and white-matter integrity, to IIV were observed. However, within-person variability in cognition was increased in two subgroups of individuals displaying low mean-level cognitive performance, one of which was characterized by low subcortical and cortical D2DR availability. In this latter group, fronto-striatal D2DR availability correlated negatively with within-person variability in cognition. This finding suggests that the influence of D2DR availability on cognitive variability may be more easily disclosed among individuals with low dopamine-system integrity, highlighting the benefits of large-scale studies for delineating heterogeneity in brain-behavior associations in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saana M. Korkki
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Douglas D. Garrett
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrine Riklund
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Nyberg
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dilcher R, Beste C, Takacs A, Bluschke A, Tóth-Fáber E, Kleimaker M, Münchau A, Li SC. Perception-action integration in young age-A cross-sectional EEG study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 50:100977. [PMID: 34147987 PMCID: PMC8225655 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans differ in their capacity for integrating perceived events and related actions. The "Theory of event coding" (TEC) conceptualizes how stimuli and actions are cognitively bound into a common functional representation (or "code"), known as the "event file". To date, however, the neural processes underlying the development of event file coding mechanisms across age are largely unclear. We investigated age-related neural changes of event file coding from late childhood to early adulthood, using EEG signal decompositions methods. We included a group of healthy participants (n = 91) between 10 and 30 years, performing an event file paradigm. Results of this study revealed age-related effects on event file coding processes both at the behavioural and the neurophysiological level. Performance accuracy data showed that event file unbinding und rebinding processes become more efficient from late childhood to early adulthood. These behavioural effects are reflected by age-related effects in two neurophysiological subprocesses associated with the superior parietal cortex (BA7) as revealed in the analyses using EEG signal decomposition. The first process entails mapping and association processes between stimulus and response; whereas, the second comprises inhibitory control subprocesses subserving the selection of the relevant motor programme amongst competing response options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Dilcher
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany.
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Eszter Tóth-Fáber
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, TU Dresden, Germany.
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24
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Glöckner F, Schuck NW, Li SC. Differential prioritization of intramaze cue and boundary information during spatial navigation across the human lifespan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15257. [PMID: 34315933 PMCID: PMC8316315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial learning can be based on intramaze cues and environmental boundaries. These processes are predominantly subserved by striatal- and hippocampal-dependent circuitries, respectively. Maturation and aging processes in these brain regions may affect lifespan differences in their contributions to spatial learning. We independently manipulated an intramaze cue or the environment's boundary in a navigation task in 27 younger children (6-8 years), 30 older children (10-13 years), 29 adolescents (15-17 years), 29 younger adults (20-35 years) and 26 older adults (65-80 years) to investigate lifespan age differences in the relative prioritization of either information. Whereas learning based on an intramaze cue showed earlier maturation during the progression from younger to later childhood and remained relatively stable across adulthood, maturation of boundary-based learning was more protracted towards peri-adolescence and showed strong aging-related decline. Furthermore, individual differences in prioritizing intramaze cue- over computationally more demanding boundary-based learning was positively associated with cognitive processing fluctuations and this association was partially mediated by spatial working memory capacity during adult, but not during child development. This evidence reveals different age gradients of two modes of spatial learning across the lifespan, which seem further influenced by individual differences in cognitive processing fluctuations and working memory, particularly during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Glöckner
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas W. Schuck
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01069 Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257CeTI - Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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25
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Dilcher R, Jamous R, Takacs A, Tóth-Fáber E, Münchau A, Li SC, Beste C. Neurophysiology of embedded response plans: age effects in action execution but not in feature integration from preadolescence to adulthood. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:1382-1395. [PMID: 33689490 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00681.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing a goal-directed movement consists of a chain of complex preparatory mechanisms. Such planning especially requires integration (or binding) of various action features, a process that has been conceptualized in the "theory of event coding." Theoretical considerations and empirical research suggest that these processes are subject to developmental effects from adolescence to adulthood. The aim of the present study was to investigate age-related modulations in action feature binding processes and to shed light on underlying neurophysiological development from preadolescence to early adulthood. We examined a group of healthy participants (n = 61) between 10 and 30 yr of age, who performed a task that requires a series of bimanual response selections in an embedded paradigm. For an in-depth analysis of the underlying neural correlates, we applied EEG signal decomposition together with source localization analyses. Behavioral results across the whole group did not show binding effects in reaction times but in intraindividual response variability. From age 10 to 30 yr, there was a decrease in reaction times and reaction time variability but no age-related effect in action file binding. The latter were corroborated by Bayesian data analyses. On the brain level, the developmental effects on response selection were associated with activation modulations in the superior parietal cortex (BA7). The results show that mechanisms of action execution and speed, but not those of action feature binding, are subject to age-related changes between the age of 10 and 30 yr.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Different aspects of an action need to be integrated to allow smooth unfolding of behavior. We examine developmental effects in these processes and show that mechanisms of action execution and speed, but not those of action feature binding, are subject to age-related changes between the age of 10 and 30 yr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Dilcher
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roula Jamous
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eszter Tóth-Fáber
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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26
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Barth B, Rohe T, Deppermann S, Fallgatter AJ, Ehlis AC. Neural oscillatory responses to performance monitoring differ between high- and low-impulsive individuals, but are unaffected by TMS. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2416-2433. [PMID: 33605509 PMCID: PMC8090766 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher impulsivity may arise from neurophysiological deficits of cognitive control in the prefrontal cortex. Cognitive control can be assessed by time‐frequency decompositions of electrophysiological data. We aimed to clarify neuroelectric mechanisms of performance monitoring in connection with impulsiveness during a modified Eriksen flanker task in high‐ (n = 24) and low‐impulsive subjects (n = 21) and whether these are modulated by double‐blind, sham‐controlled intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS). We found a larger error‐specific peri‐response beta power decrease over fronto‐central sites in high‐impulsive compared to low‐impulsive participants, presumably indexing less effective motor execution processes. Lower parieto‐occipital theta intertrial phase coherence (ITPC) preceding correct responses predicted higher reaction time (RT) and higher RT variability, potentially reflecting efficacy of cognitive control or general attention. Single‐trial preresponse theta phase clustering was coupled to RT in correct trials (weighted ITPC), reflecting oscillatory dynamics that predict trial‐specific behavior. iTBS did not modulate behavior or EEG time‐frequency power. Performance monitoring was associated with time‐frequency patterns reflecting cognitive control (parieto‐occipital theta ITPC, theta weighted ITPC) as well as differential action planning/execution processes linked to trait impulsivity (frontal low beta power). Beyond that, results suggest no stimulation effect related to response‐locked time‐frequency dynamics with the current stimulation protocol. Neural oscillatory responses to performance monitoring differ between high‐ and low‐impulsive individuals, but are unaffected by iTBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Barth
- Psychophysiology and Optical Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tim Rohe
- Psychophysiology and Optical Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Saskia Deppermann
- Psychophysiology and Optical Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jochen Fallgatter
- Psychophysiology and Optical Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Psychophysiology and Optical Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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27
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Gyurkovics M, Levita L. Dynamic Adjustments of Midfrontal Control Signals in Adults and Adolescents. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:795-808. [PMID: 33026426 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During task performance, our level of cognitive control is dynamically adjusted to task demands as reflected, for example, by the congruency sequence effect (CSE) in conflict tasks. Although brain areas related to cognitive control show protracted maturation across adolescence, previous studies found that adolescents show similar behavioral CSEs to adults. In the present study, we investigated whether there are age-related changes in the neural underpinnings of dynamic control adjustments using electroencephalography. Early adolescents (ages 12-14, N = 30) and young adults (ages 25-27, N = 29) completed a confound-minimized flanker task optimized for the detection of sequential control adjustments. The CSE was observed in midfrontal theta power thought to capture anterior cingulate cortex-mediated monitoring processes but was not modulated significantly by age. Adolescents, however, showed a smaller congruency effect in the power and cross-trial temporal consistency of midfrontal theta oscillations than adults. No age differences were observed in phase-based connectivity between midfrontal and lateral frontal regions in the theta band. These findings provide strong support for the role of midfrontal theta oscillations in conflict monitoring and reactive control and suggest that the cognitive system of early adolescents initially responds less reliably to the occurrence of conflict than that of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mate Gyurkovics
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Liat Levita
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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28
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Güntekin B, Uzunlar H, Çalışoğlu P, Eroğlu-Ada F, Yıldırım E, Aktürk T, Atay E, Ceran Ö. Theta and alpha oscillatory responses differentiate between six-to seven-year-old children and adults during successful visual and auditory memory encoding. Brain Res 2020; 1747:147042. [PMID: 32758480 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The healthy maturation of the brain is one of the intriguing topics that need to be investigated to understand human brain and child development. The present study aimed to investigate the development of memory processes both for auditory and visual memory using electroencephalography (EEG)-Brain Dynamics methodologies. Sixteen healthy children between the ages of 6 and 7 years and eighteen healthy young adults (age: 21.32 ± 3.28 years) were included in the study. EEG was recorded from 18 channels during the visual and auditory memory paradigms. Two different subtests of the WISC-IV IQ test were applied to all children. Event-related theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz) power and phase-locking were analyzed. The young adults had higher memory performance than the children for both auditory and visual paradigms. The children had increased theta phase-locking and left alpha power in response to the remembered objects in comparison to the forgotten objects. The young adults had higher theta and alpha phase-locking than the children over the frontal and central locations (p < 0.05), and the children had higher parietal-occipital alpha phase-locking than the young adults. There was an increase in alpha power in children, whereas young adults had decreased post-stimulus alpha power in response to memory paradigms. The present study showed that frontocentral theta and alpha phase-locking had an essential role in brain maturation and successful memory performance. Event-related theta and alpha responses could be one of the important indicators of the mature and healthy brain, and these responses could change depending on the maturation state and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Güntekin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Uzunlar
- Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pervin Çalışoğlu
- Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Eroğlu-Ada
- Istanbul Medipol University, Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Aktürk
- Istanbul Medipol University, REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Enver Atay
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Ceran
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chidharom M, Krieg J, Bonnefond A. Impaired Frontal Midline Theta During Periods of High Reaction Time Variability in Schizophrenia. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:429-438. [PMID: 33431347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment in cognitive control is one of the most significant cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Although it has generally been associated with altered engagement of lateral and medial prefrontal cortices, how attention fluctuations affect this engagement is still not known. In this context, we explored sustained (or proactive) and transient (or reactive) control engagement by investigating frontal theta-band oscillations during periods of low- and high-performance instability, assumed to represent intraindividual attentional fluctuations. METHODS A total of 25 patients with schizophrenia (16 males) and 25 healthy matched control subjects (18 males) performed a long-sustained Go/NoGo task coupled with electroencephalographic recording. Proactive control was explored through frontal lateral theta during trial-by-trial conflict (Go N-1/Go N+1), whereas reactive control was explored through frontal midline theta and the N2 component during current-trial conflict (Go/NoGo). Variance in the time course of reaction time (RT) was computed to identify periods of low and high RT variability in each subject. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia exhibited no frontal lateral theta activity regardless of the RT variability periods, whereas in control subjects, this activity was preserved only during periods of low RT variability (less error prone). During these periods, patients exhibited preserved midline frontal theta activity and N2. However, during high RT variability periods (more error prone), the midline theta activity was impaired in patients but preserved in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that the efficient engagement of reactive control in patients with schizophrenia and of proactive control in control subjects was state dependent. The findings highlight the importance of accounting for attentional fluctuations when investigating cognitive control impairment in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Chidharom
- Unit 1114, French Institute of Health and Medical Research, and Psychiatry Department, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Julien Krieg
- Unit 1114, French Institute of Health and Medical Research, and Psychiatry Department, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Bonnefond
- Unit 1114, French Institute of Health and Medical Research, and Psychiatry Department, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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30
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Luque-Casado A, Ciria LF, Sanabria D, Perakakis P. Exercise practice associates with different brain rhythmic patterns during vigilance. Physiol Behav 2020; 224:113033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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Bozhilova N, Cooper R, Kuntsi J, Asherson P, Michelini G. Electrophysiological correlates of spontaneous mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behav Brain Res 2020; 391:112632. [PMID: 32361038 PMCID: PMC7303944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We recently hypothesised that increased spontaneous mind wandering (MW-S) reflects a core process underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies show that individuals with ADHD and neurotypical individuals with increased MW-S display similar cognitive-performance and electrophysiological (EEG) impairments in attentional processes. However, the cognitive-EEG markers associated with increased MW-S in ADHD remain poorly understood. We therefore investigated such markers in a sample of 69 sex- and age-matched adults with ADHD and 29 controls during the Sustained Attention to Response Task. We compared task performance and EEG measures (P3, time-frequency brain-oscillations) of attentional processes between groups, and examined their association with a validated self-report questionnaire of MW-S. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that MW-S and ADHD diagnosis relate to the same cognitive-EEG impairments using a hierarchical regression model. Compared to controls, adults with ADHD showed attenuations in P3, event-related alpha and beta suppression during response inhibition (No-Go trials), and theta power activations during response execution (Go trials), as well as increased reaction time variability and more commission/omission errors. MW-S was also continuously associated with most cognitive-EEG measures related to ADHD. The hierarchical regressions on measures associated with both ADHD diagnosis and MW-S showed that MW-S did not explain additional variance in the cognitive-EEG markers (except for beta suppression) beyond ADHD diagnosis, and vice versa. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis that ADHD diagnosis and MW-S share common neural deficits, and that MW-S may reflect a core symptom of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Bozhilova
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Ruth Cooper
- Newham Centre for Mental Health, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Asherson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 9002/4, United States.
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32
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Thurm F, Li SC, Hämmerer D. Maturation- and aging-related differences in electrophysiological correlates of error detection and error awareness. Neuropsychologia 2020; 143:107476. [PMID: 32360297 PMCID: PMC7322543 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The error-related negativity (ERN/Ne) as well as the early and late error positivity (Pe) are electrophysiological correlates known to reflect error detection and error awareness. Despite much evidence on age differences in mastering response conflicts, the development and the functional distinctiveness of these components across the lifespan is still unclear. Here we investigated maturation- and aging-related differences in the ERN/Ne, the early and late Pe during a response conflict task in a lifespan sample that included 45 children, 42 adolescents, 39 younger and 34 older adults. Lifespan age differences were characterized by marked declines of all three components in older age, whereas clear maturation effects from childhood to adolescence were only observed for error detection reflected in the ERN/Ne component. Furthermore, using regression analyses, we examined functional relationships of the error monitoring components to behavioral indicators of task performance. Across all age groups, both the ERN/Ne and the early Pe were related to response accuracy, but only the early Pe was further associated with performance in a covariate task indicative of perceptual processing and attention capacities. Our results suggest that the ERN/Ne, the early and late Pe reflect distinct but complementary processes of error monitoring across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Thurm
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dorothea Hämmerer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, UK
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33
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Increases in theta CSD power and coherence during a calibrated stop-signal task: implications for goal-conflict processing and the Behavioural Inhibition System. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 2:e10. [PMID: 32435745 PMCID: PMC7219682 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2019.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Psychologists have identified multiple different forms of conflict, such as information processing conflict and goal conflict. As such, there is a need to examine the similarities and differences in neurology between each form of conflict. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis of Shadli, Glue, McIntosh, and McNaughton’s calibrated stop-signal task (SST) goal-conflict task. Specifically, we examined changes in scalp-wide current source density (CSD) power and coherence across a wide range of frequency bands during the calibrated SST (n = 34). We assessed differences in EEG between the high and low goal-conflict conditions using hierarchical analyses of variance (ANOVAs). We also related goal-conflict EEG to trait anxiety, neuroticism, Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS)-anxiety and revised BIS (rBIS) using regression analyses. We found that changes in CSD power during goal conflict were limited to increased midfrontocentral theta. Conversely, coherence increased across 23 scalp-wide theta region pairs and one frontal delta region pair. Finally, scalp-wide theta significantly predicted trait neuroticism but not trait anxiety, BIS-anxiety or rBIS. We conclude that goal conflict involves increased midfrontocentral CSD theta power and scalp-wide theta-dominated coherence. Therefore, compared with information processing conflict, goal conflict displays a similar EEG power profile of midfrontocentral theta but a much wider coherence profile. Furthermore, the increases in theta during goal conflict are the characteristic of BIS-driven activity. Therefore, future research should confirm whether these goal-conflict effects are driven by the BIS by examining whether the effects are attenuated by anxiolytic drugs. Overall, we have identified a unique network of goal-conflict EEG during the calibrated SST.
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Significance of Beta-Band Oscillations in Autism Spectrum Disorders During Motor Response Inhibition Tasks: A MEG Study. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:355-374. [PMID: 32303950 PMCID: PMC7182638 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), impaired response inhibition and lack of adaptation are hypothesized to underlie core ASD symptoms, such as social communication and repetitive, stereotyped behavior. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare neural correlates of inhibition, post-error adaptation, and reaction time variability in ASD and neuro-typical control (NTC) participants by investigating possible differences in error-related changes of oscillatory MEG activity. Twelve male NTC (mean age 20.3 ± 3.7) and fourteen male patients with ASD (mean age 17.8 ± 2.9) were included in the analysis. Subjects with ASD showed increased error-related reaction time variability. MEG analysis revealed decreased beta power in the ASD group in comparison to the NTC group over the centro-parietal channels in both, the pre-stimulus and post-response interval. In the ASD group, mean centro-parietal beta power negatively correlated with dimensional autism symptoms. In both groups, false alarms were followed by an early increase in temporo-frontal theta to alpha power; and by a later decrease in alpha to beta power at central and posterior sensors. Single trial correlations were additionally studied in the ASD group, who showed a positive correlation of pre-stimulus beta power with post-response theta, alpha, and beta power, particularly after hit trials. On a broader scale, the results deliver important insights into top-down control deficits that may relate to core symptoms observed in ASD.
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35
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Adam N, Blaye A, Gulbinaite R, Delorme A, Farrer C. The role of midfrontal theta oscillations across the development of cognitive control in preschoolers and school‐age children. Dev Sci 2020; 23:e12936. [DOI: 10.1111/desc.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Adam
- Centre de recherche Cerveau et Cognition Université de Toulouse Toulouse France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Paris France
| | - Agnès Blaye
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Paris France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive Université Aix‐Marseille Marseille France
| | - Rasa Gulbinaite
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences Université de Lyon Lyon France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1028 Lyon France
| | - Arnaud Delorme
- Centre de recherche Cerveau et Cognition Université de Toulouse Toulouse France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Paris France
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Chloé Farrer
- Centre de recherche Cerveau et Cognition Université de Toulouse Toulouse France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Paris France
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36
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Wolff A, de la Salle S, Sorgini A, Lynn E, Blier P, Knott V, Northoff G. Atypical Temporal Dynamics of Resting State Shapes Stimulus-Evoked Activity in Depression-An EEG Study on Rest-Stimulus Interaction. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:719. [PMID: 31681034 PMCID: PMC6803442 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by changes in both resting state and stimulus-evoked activity. Whether resting state changes are carried over to stimulus-evoked activity, however, is unclear. We conducted a combined rest (3 min) and task (three-stimulus auditory oddball paradigm) EEG study in n=28 acute depressed MDD patients, comparing them with n=25 healthy participants. Our focus was on the temporal dynamics of both resting state and stimulus-evoked activity for which reason we measured peak frequency (PF), coefficient of variation (CV), Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC), and trial-to-trial variability (TTV). Our main findings are: i) atypical temporal dynamics in resting state, specifically in the alpha and theta bands as measured by peak frequency (PF), coefficient of variation (CV) and power; ii) decreased reactivity to external deviant stimuli as measured by decreased changes in stimulus-evoked variance and complexity-TTV, LZC, and power and frequency sliding (FS and PS); iii) correlation of stimulus related measures (TTV, LZC, PS, and FS) with resting state measures. Together, our findings show that resting state dynamics alone are atypical in MDD and, even more important, strongly shapes the dynamics of subsequent stimulus-evoked activity. We thus conclude that MDD can be characterized by an atypical temporal dynamic of its rest-stimulus interaction; that, in turn, makes it difficult for depressed patients to react to relevant stimuli such as the deviant tone in our paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemnarie Wolff
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sara de la Salle
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alana Sorgini
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Lynn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre Blier
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Georg Northoff
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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37
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Harper J, Malone SM, Iacono WG. Target-related parietal P3 and medial frontal theta index the genetic risk for problematic substance use. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13383. [PMID: 31012496 PMCID: PMC6697141 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical and empirical work suggests that problematic substance use (PSU) is associated with individual differences in prefrontal cortex activity. While research has strongly linked parietal P3 amplitude reduction (P3AR) to genetic risk for problematic substance use, few studies have tested whether prefrontal EEG measures are sensitive to this genetic liability. In addition to P3, oddball target detection tasks elicit medial frontal theta power, reflecting attentional allocation, and parietal delta, indexing decision making or stimulus-response link updating. Midfrontal theta and parietal delta may index neurocognitive processes relevant to PSU beyond P3AR. The present investigation examined the etiological relationship between PSU and P3, frontal theta, and parietal delta in a large twin sample (N = 754). EEG was recorded during a visual oddball task. Greater PSU was associated with reduced target P3 amplitude and midfrontal theta/parietal delta power, and increased mean reaction time and reaction time variability (RTV; indexing attentional fluctuations). P3, theta, and RTV, but not delta or mean RT, explained unique variance in PSU (R2 = 0.04). Twin biometric modeling indicated a genetic relationship between PSU and P3, theta, and RTV. Theta accounted for distinct genetic variance in PSU beyond P3 and RTV. Together, 23% of the total additive genetic variance in PSU was explained by the three endophenotypes. Results replicate P3AR as an endophenotype and provide support for additional behavioral (RTV) and neurophysiological (midfrontal theta) endophenotypes of PSU. Reduced theta and greater RTV may reflect variations in a prefrontal attentional network that confers genetic risk for substance use problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Harper
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen M Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - William G Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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38
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Ziegler DA, Simon AJ, Gallen CL, Skinner S, Janowich JR, Volponi JJ, Rolle CE, Mishra J, Kornfield J, Anguera JA, Gazzaley A. Closed-loop digital meditation improves sustained attention in young adults. Nat Hum Behav 2019; 3:746-757. [PMID: 31160812 PMCID: PMC7534732 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-019-0611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Attention is a fundamental cognitive process that is critical for essentially all aspects of higher-order cognition and real-world activities. Younger generations have deeply embraced information technology and multitasking in their personal lives, school and the workplace, creating myriad challenges to their attention. While improving sustained attention in healthy young adults would be beneficial, enhancing this ability has proven notoriously difficult in this age group. Here we show that 6 weeks of engagement with a meditation-inspired, closed-loop software program (MediTrain) delivered on mobile devices led to gains in both sustained attention and working memory in healthy young adults. These improvements were associated with positive changes in key neural signatures of attentional control (frontal theta inter-trial coherence and parietal P3b latency), as measured by electroencephalography. Our findings suggest the utility of delivering aspects of the ancient practice of focused-attention meditation in a modern, technology-based approach and its benefits on enhancing sustained attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Ziegler
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Alexander J Simon
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Courtney L Gallen
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sasha Skinner
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joshua J Volponi
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camarin E Rolle
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joaquin A Anguera
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Weill Institute for Neurosciences & Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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39
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Henz D, Schöllhorn WI. Dynamic Office Environments Improve Brain Activity and Attentional Performance Mediated by Increased Motor Activity. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:121. [PMID: 31031610 PMCID: PMC6473162 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research demonstrates beneficial effects of physical activity on brain functions and cognitive performance. To date, less is known on the effects of gross motor movements that do not fall into the category of sports-related aerobic or anaerobic exercise. In previous studies, we found beneficial effects of dynamic working environments, i.e., environments that encourage movements during cognitive task performance, on cognitive performance and corresponding brain activity. Aim of the present study was to examine the effects of working in a dynamic and a static office environment on attentional and vigilance performance, and on the corresponding electroencephalographic (EEG) brain oscillatory patterns. In a 2-week intervention study, participants worked either in a dynamic or a static office. In each intervention group, 12 subjects performed attentional and vigilance tasks. Spontaneous EEG was measured from 19 electrodes continuosly before, during, and immediately after each experimental condition at the first, and at the last intervention session. Results showed differences in EEG brain activity in the dynamic compared to the static office at the beginning as well as at the end of the intervention. EEG theta power increased in the vigilance task in anterior regions, alpha power in central and parietal regions in the dynamic compared to the static office. Further, increases in beta activity in the attention and vigilance task were shown in frontal and central regions in the dynamic office. Gamma power increased in the attention task in frontal and central regions. After 2 weeks, effects on brain activity increased in the attentional and vigilance task in the dynamic office. Increased theta and alpha oscillations were obtained in anterior areas with higher activity in the beta band in anterior and central areas in the dynamic compared to the static office. EEG oscillatory patterns indicate beneficial effects of dynamic office environments on attentional and vigilance performance that are mediated by increased motor activity. We discuss the obtained patterns of EEG oscillations in terms of the close interrelations between the attentional and the motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Henz
- Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Media and Sport, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang I Schöllhorn
- Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Media and Sport, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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40
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Thurm F, Zink N, Li SC. Comparing Effects of Reward Anticipation on Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2318. [PMID: 30546333 PMCID: PMC6279849 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal-directed behavior requires sufficient resource allocation of cognitive control processes, such as the ability to prioritize relevant over less relevant information in working memory. Findings from neural recordings in animals and human multimodal imaging studies suggest that reward incentive mechanisms could facilitate the encoding and updating of context representations, which can have beneficial effects on working memory performance in young adults. In order to investigate whether these performance enhancing effects of reward on working memory processes are still preserved in old age, the current study aimed to investigate whether aging alters the effects of reward anticipation on the encoding and updating mechanisms in working memory processing. Therefore, a reward modulated verbal n-back task with age-adjusted memory load manipulation was developed to investigate reward modulation of working memory in younger (age 20-27) and older (age 65-78) adults. Our results suggest that the mechanism of reward anticipation in enhancing the encoding and updating of stimulus representations in working memory is still preserved in old age. EZ-diffusion modeling showed age distinct patterns of reward modulation of model parameters that correspond to different processes of memory-dependent decision making. Whereas processes of memory evidence accumulation and sensorimotor speed benefited from reward modulation, responses did not become more cautious with incentive motivation for older adults as it was observed in younger adults. Furthermore, individual differences in reward-related enhancement of decision speed correlated with cognitive processing fluctuation and memory storage capacity in younger adults, but no such relations were observed in older adults. These findings indicate that although beneficial effects of reward modulation on working memory can still be observed in old age, not all performance aspects are facilitated. Whereas reward facilitation of content representations in working memory seems to be relatively preserved, aging seems to affect the updating of reward contexts. Future research is needed to elucidate potential mechanisms for motivational regulation of the plasticity of working memory in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Thurm
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas Zink
- Chair of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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41
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Wienke AS, Basar-Eroglu C, Schmiedt-Fehr C, Mathes B. Novelty N2-P3a Complex and Theta Oscillations Reflect Improving Neural Coordination Within Frontal Brain Networks During Adolescence. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:218. [PMID: 30319369 PMCID: PMC6170662 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents are easily distracted by novel items than adults. Maturation of the frontal cortex and its integration into widely distributed brain networks may result in diminishing distractibility with the transition into young adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate maturational changes of brain activity during novelty processing. We hypothesized that during adolescence, timing and task-relevant modulation of frontal cortex network activity elicited by novelty processing improves, concurrently with increasing cognitive control abilities. A visual novelty oddball task was utilized in combination with EEG measurements to investigate brain maturation between 8–28 years of age (n = 84). Developmental changes of the frontal N2-P3a complex and concurrent theta oscillations (4–7 Hz) elicited by rare and unexpected novel stimuli were analyzed using regression models. N2 amplitude decreased, P3a amplitude increased, and latency of both components decreased with age. Pre-stimulus amplitude of theta oscillations decreased, while inter-trial consistency, task-related amplitude modulation and inter-site connectivity of frontal theta oscillations increased with age. Targets, intertwined in a stimulus train with regular non-targets and novels, were detected faster with increasing age. These results indicate that neural processing of novel stimuli became faster and the neural activation pattern more precise in timing and amplitude modulation. Better inter-site connectivity further implicates that frontal brain maturation leads to global neural reorganization and better integration of frontal brain activity within widely distributed brain networks. Faster target detection indicated that these maturational changes in neural activation during novelty processing may result in diminished distractibility and increased cognitive control to pursue the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Susann Wienke
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Canan Basar-Eroglu
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Izmir University of Economy, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Christina Schmiedt-Fehr
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Mathes
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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42
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Bozhilova NS, Michelini G, Kuntsi J, Asherson P. Mind wandering perspective on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:464-476. [PMID: 30036553 PMCID: PMC6525148 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a range of mental health, neurocognitive and functional problems. Although the diagnosis is based on descriptions of behaviour, individuals with ADHD characteristically describe excessive spontaneous mind wandering (MW). MW in individuals with ADHD reflects constant mental activity which lacks topic stability and content consistency. Based on this review of the neural correlates of ADHD and MW, we outline a new perspective on ADHD: the MW hypothesis. We propose that altered deactivation of the default mode network, and dysfunctional interaction with the executive control network, leads to excessive and spontaneous MW, which underpins symptoms and impairments of ADHD. We highlight that processes linked to the normal neural regulation of MW (context regulation, sensory decoupling, salience thresholds) are deficient in ADHD. MW-related measures could serve as markers of the disease process, as MW can be experimentally manipulated, as well as measured using rating scales, and experience sampling during both cognitive tasks and daily life. MW may therefore be a potential endophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali S Bozhilova
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Asherson
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
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43
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Simor P, Steinbach E, Nagy T, Gilson M, Farthouat J, Schmitz R, Gombos F, Ujma PP, Pamula M, Bódizs R, Peigneux P. Lateralized rhythmic acoustic stimulation during daytime NREM sleep enhances slow waves. Sleep 2018; 41:5089129. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Simor
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emilie Steinbach
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN—Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tamás Nagy
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Médhi Gilson
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN—Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juliane Farthouat
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN—Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rémy Schmitz
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN—Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ferenc Gombos
- Department of General Psychology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-PPKE Adolescent Development Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter P Ujma
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Pamula
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Bódizs
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF—Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN—Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences and UNI—ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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44
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De Blasio FM, Barry RJ. Prestimulus delta and theta contributions to equiprobable Go/NoGo processing in healthy ageing. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 130:40-52. [PMID: 29775640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing EEG activity contributes to ERP outcomes of stimulus processing, and each of these measures is known to undergo (sometimes significant) age-related change. Variation in their relationship across the life-span may thus elucidate mechanisms of normal and pathological ageing. This study assessed the relationships between low-frequency EEG prestimulus brain states, the ERP, and behavioural outcomes in a simple equiprobable auditory Go/NoGo paradigm, comparing these for 20 young (Mage = 20.4 years) and 20 healthy older (Mage = 68.2 years) adults. Prestimulus delta and theta amplitudes were separately assessed; these were each dominant across the midline region, and reduced in the older adults. For each band, (within-subjects) trials were sorted into ten increasing prestimulus EEG levels for which separate ERPs were derived. The set of ten ERPs for each band-sort was then quantified by PCA, independently for each group (young, older adults). Four components were primarily assessed (P1, N1-1, P2/N2b complex, and P3), with each showing age-related change. Mean RT was comparable, but intra-individual RT variability increased in older adults. Prestimulus delta and theta each generally modulated component positivity, indicating broad influence on task processing. Prestimulus delta was primarily associated with the early sensory processes, and theta more with the later stimulus-specific processes; prestimulus theta also inversely modulated intra-individual RT variability across the groups. These prestimulus EEG-ERP dynamics were consistent between the young and older adults in each band for all components except the P2/N2b, suggesting that across the lifespan, Go/NoGo categorisation is differentially affected by prestimulus delta and theta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M De Blasio
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Robert J Barry
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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45
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Watts ATM, Tootell AV, Fix ST, Aviyente S, Bernat EM. Utilizing time-frequency amplitude and phase synchrony measure to assess feedback processing in a gambling task. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 132:203-212. [PMID: 29719202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The neurophysiological mechanisms involved in the evaluation of performance feedback have been widely studied in the ERP literature over the past twenty years, but understanding has been limited by the use of traditional time-domain amplitude analytic approaches. Gambling outcome valence has been identified as an important factor modulating event-related potential (ERP) components, most notably the feedback negativity (FN). Recent work employing time-frequency analysis has shown that processes indexed by the FN are confounded in the time-domain and can be better represented as separable feedback-related processes in the theta (3-7 Hz) and delta (0-3 Hz) frequency bands. In addition to time-frequency amplitude analysis, phase synchrony measures have begun to further our understanding of performance evaluation by revealing how feedback information is processed within and between various brain regions. The current study aimed to provide an integrative assessment of time-frequency amplitude, inter-trial phase synchrony, and inter-channel phase synchrony changes following monetary feedback in a gambling task. Results revealed that time-frequency amplitude activity explained separable loss and gain processes confounded in the time-domain. Furthermore, phase synchrony measures explained unique variance above and beyond amplitude measures and demonstrated enhanced functional integration between medial prefrontal and bilateral frontal, motor, and occipital regions for loss relative to gain feedback. These findings demonstrate the utility of assessing time-frequency amplitude, inter-trial phase synchrony, and inter-channel phase synchrony together to better elucidate the neurophysiology of feedback processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adreanna T M Watts
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
| | - Anne V Tootell
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
| | - Spencer T Fix
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Selin Aviyente
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Edward M Bernat
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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46
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Dave S, Brothers TA, Swaab TY. 1/f neural noise and electrophysiological indices of contextual prediction in aging. Brain Res 2018; 1691:34-43. [PMID: 29679544 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Prediction of upcoming words during reading has been suggested to enhance the efficiency of discourse processing. Emerging models have postulated that predictive mechanisms require synchronous firing of neural networks, but to date, this relationship has been investigated primarily through oscillatory activity in narrow frequency bands. A recently-developed measure proposed to reflect broadband neural activity - and thereby synchronous neuronal firing - is 1/f neural noise extracted from EEG spectral power. Previous research has indicated that this measure of 1/f neural noise changes across the lifespan, and these neural changes predict age-related behavioral impairments in visual working memory. Using a cross-sectional sample of young and older adults, we examined age-related changes in 1/f neural noise and whether this measure predicted ERP correlates of successful lexical prediction during discourse comprehension. 1/f neural noise across two different language tasks revealed high within-subject correlations, indicating that this measure can provide a reliable index of individualized patterns of neural activation. In addition to age, 1/f noise was a significant predictor of N400 effects of successful lexical prediction; however, noise did not mediate age-related declines in other ERP effects. We discuss broader implications of these findings for theories of predictive processing, as well as potential applications of 1/f noise across research populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dave
- Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, United States.
| | - T A Brothers
- Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Psychology, Tufts University, United States
| | - T Y Swaab
- Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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47
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Michelini G, Kitsune V, Vainieri I, Hosang GM, Brandeis D, Asherson P, Kuntsi J. Shared and Disorder-Specific Event-Related Brain Oscillatory Markers of Attentional Dysfunction in ADHD and Bipolar Disorder. Brain Topogr 2018; 31:672-689. [PMID: 29417321 PMCID: PMC5999167 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-018-0625-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often present with overlapping symptoms and cognitive impairments, such as increased fluctuations in attentional performance measured by increased reaction-time variability (RTV). We previously provided initial evidence of shared and distinct event-related potential (ERP) impairments in ADHD and BD in a direct electrophysiological comparison, but no study to date has compared neural mechanisms underlying attentional impairments with finer-grained brain oscillatory markers. Here, we aimed to compare the neural underpinnings of impaired attentional processes in ADHD and BD, by examining event-related brain oscillations during a reaction-time task under slow-unrewarded baseline and fast-incentive conditions. We measured cognitive performance, ERPs and brain-oscillatory modulations of power and phase variability in 20 women with ADHD, 20 women with BD (currently euthymic) and 20 control women. Compared to controls, both ADHD and BD groups showed increased RTV in the baseline condition and increased RTV, theta phase variability and lower contingent negative variation in the fast-incentive condition. Unlike controls, neither clinical group showed an improvement from the slow-unrewarded baseline to the fast-incentive condition in attentional P3 amplitude or alpha power suppression. Most impairments did not differ between the disorders, as only an adjustment in beta suppression between conditions (lower in the ADHD group) distinguished between the clinical groups. These findings suggest shared impairments in women with ADHD and BD in cognitive and neural variability, preparatory activity and inability to adjust attention allocation and activation. These overlapping impairments may represent shared neurobiological mechanisms of attentional dysfunction in ADHD and BD, and potentially underlie common symptoms in both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Michelini
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Viryanaga Kitsune
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Isabella Vainieri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Georgina M Hosang
- Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philip Asherson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
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48
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Petroni A, Cohen SS, Ai L, Langer N, Henin S, Vanderwal T, Milham MP, Parra LC. The Variability of Neural Responses to Naturalistic Videos Change with Age and Sex. eNeuro 2018; 5:ENEURO.0244-17.2017. [PMID: 29379880 PMCID: PMC5786826 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0244-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural development is generally marked by an increase in the efficiency and diversity of neural processes. In a large sample (n = 114) of human children and adults with ages ranging from 5 to 44 yr, we investigated the neural responses to naturalistic video stimuli. Videos from both real-life classroom settings and Hollywood feature films were used to probe different aspects of attention and engagement. For all stimuli, older ages were marked by more variable neural responses. Variability was assessed by the intersubject correlation of evoked electroencephalographic responses. Young males also had less-variable responses than young females. These results were replicated in an independent cohort (n = 303). When interpreted in the context of neural maturation, we conclude that neural function becomes more variable with maturity, at least during the passive viewing of real-world stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Petroni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
| | - Samantha S. Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
- Department of Psychology, the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016
| | - Lei Ai
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY 10022
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY 10022
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, 8050, Switzerland
| | - Simon Henin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
| | | | - Michael P. Milham
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY 10022
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
| | - Lucas C. Parra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
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49
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Mechanisms Underlying N-back Training: Response Consistency During Training Influences Training Outcome. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41465-017-0042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Cooper PS, Wong AS, McKewen M, Michie PT, Karayanidis F. Frontoparietal theta oscillations during proactive control are associated with goal-updating and reduced behavioral variability. Biol Psychol 2017; 129:253-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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