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Qing Y, Zheng J, Luo Y, Li S, Liu X, Yang S, Du J, Li Y. The impact of metals on cognitive impairment in the elderly and the mediating role of oxidative stress: A cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 286:117152. [PMID: 39383823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI) is a prodrome of many neurodegenerative diseases with complex and unclear pathogenesis. Metal exposure has been found to be associated with CI, but existing population studies are scarce and have the limitations of single outcome and ignoring mixed exposures. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai, China, enrolling 836 seniors aged over 60 years to investigate the relationship between combined metal exposure (Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)) and CI in the elderly and the mediating effect of oxidative stress. It was found that there were significant differences in urinary Pb, Cd, Hg and blood Pb levels between the CI and normal groups. Urinary Pb and Cd levels were significantly negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, amyloid β42 (Aβ42), and Aβ42/40, while urinary Cd, Hg and blood Hg were significantly positively correlated with phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression indicated that combined metal exposure had a more significant effect on CI than individual exposure. Mediation modeling revealed that plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) was involved in the effects of urinary Cd on Aβ42/40 and P-tau, with mediation effects accounting for 20 % of the total effect. This study emphasized the combined exposure to metals, and the results can help to properly understand the association between mixed metals exposure and CI in the elderly, as well as provide population data and theoretical basis for identifying early environmental risk factors and discovering potential mechanisms of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qing
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201300, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | | | - Yingyi Luo
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Shichun Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yanfei Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201300, China.
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2
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Bello MO, Mammino KM, Vernon MA, Wakeman DG, Denmon CA, Krishnamurthy LC, Krishnamurthy V, McGregor KM, Novak TS, Nocera JR. Graded Intensity Aerobic Exercise to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Performance in Older Veterans: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e58316. [PMID: 39326042 PMCID: PMC11467598 DOI: 10.2196/58316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing health care challenges resulting from a rapidly expanding aging population necessitate examining effective rehabilitation techniques that mitigate age-related comorbidity and improve quality of life. To date, exercise is one of a few proven interventions known to attenuate age-related declines in cognitive and sensorimotor functions critical to sustained independence. OBJECTIVE This work aims to implement a multimodal imaging approach to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of the beneficial exercise-induced adaptations to sedentary older adults' brains and behaviors. Due to the complex cerebral and vascular dynamics that encompass neuroplastic change with aging and exercise, we propose an imaging protocol that will model exercise-induced changes to cerebral perfusion, cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR), and cognitive and sensorimotor task-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) after prescribed exercise. METHODS Sedentary older adults (aged 65-80 years) were randomly assigned to either a 12-week aerobic-based interval-based cycling intervention or a 12-week balance and stretching intervention. Assessments of cardiovascular fitness used the YMCA submaximal VO2 test, basal cerebral perfusion using arterial spin labeling (ASL), CVR using hypercapnic fMRI, and cortical activation using fMRI during verbal fluency and motor tapping tasks. A battery of cognitive-executive and motor function tasks outside the scanning environment will be performed before and after the interventions. RESULTS Our studies and others show that improved cardiovascular fitness in older adults results in improved outcomes related to physical and cognitive health as well as quality of life. A consistent but unexplained finding in many of these studies is a change in cortical activation patterns during task-based fMRI, which corresponds with improved task performance (cognitive-executive and motor). We hypothesize that the 12-week aerobic exercise intervention will increase basal perfusion and improve CVR through a greater magnitude of reactivity in brain areas susceptible to neural and vascular decline (inferior frontal and motor cortices) in previously sedentary older adults. To differentiate between neural and vascular adaptations in these regions, we will map changes in basal perfusion and CVR over the inferior frontal and the motor cortices-regions we have previously shown to be beneficially altered during fMRI BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent), such as verbal fluency and motor tapping, through improved cardiovascular fitness. CONCLUSIONS Exercise is one of the most impactful interventions for improving physical and cognitive health in aging. This study aims to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of improved health and function of the cerebrovascular system. If our hypothesis of improved perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity following a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention is supported, it would add critically important insights into the potential of exercise to improve brain health in aging and could inform exercise prescription for older adults at risk for neurodegenerative disease brought on by cerebrovascular dysfunction. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05932069; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05932069. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/58316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medina Oneyi Bello
- Joseph Maxwell Cleland Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Kevin Michael Mammino
- Joseph Maxwell Cleland Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | | | - Daniel G Wakeman
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA, United States
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Akgun B, Feliciano-Astacio BE, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Scott K, Rivero J, Adams LD, Sanchez JJ, Valladares GS, Tejada S, Bussies PL, Silva-Vergara C, Rodriguez VC, Mena PR, Celis K, Whitehead PG, Prough M, Kosanovic C, Van Booven DJ, Schmidt MA, Acosta H, Griswold AJ, Dalgard CL, McInerney KF, Beecham GW, Cuccaro ML, Vance JM, Pericak-Vance MA, Rajabli F. Genome-wide association analysis and admixture mapping in a Puerto Rican cohort supports an Alzheimer disease risk locus on chromosome 12. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1459796. [PMID: 39295643 PMCID: PMC11408238 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1459796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hispanic/Latino populations are underrepresented in Alzheimer Disease (AD) genetic studies. Puerto Ricans (PR), a three-way admixed (European, African, and Amerindian) population is the second-largest Hispanic group in the continental US. We aimed to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and comprehensive analyses to identify novel AD susceptibility loci and characterize known AD genetic risk loci in the PR population. Materials and methods Our study included Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and phenotype data from 648 PR individuals (345 AD, 303 cognitively unimpaired). We used a generalized linear-mixed model adjusting for sex, age, population substructure, and genetic relationship matrix. To infer local ancestry, we merged the dataset with the HGDP/1000G reference panel. Subsequently, we conducted univariate admixture mapping (AM) analysis. Results We identified suggestive signals within the SLC38A1 and SCN8A genes on chromosome 12q13. This region overlaps with an area of linkage of AD in previous studies (12q13) in independent data sets further supporting. Univariate African AM analysis identified one suggestive ancestral block (p = 7.2×10-6) located in the same region. The ancestry-aware approach showed that this region has both European and African ancestral backgrounds and both contributing to the risk in this region. We also replicated 11 different known AD loci -including APOE- identified in mostly European studies, which is likely due to the high European background of the PR population. Conclusion PR GWAS and AM analysis identified a suggestive AD risk locus on chromosome 12, which includes the SLC38A1 and SCN8A genes. Our findings demonstrate the importance of designing GWAS and ancestry-aware approaches and including underrepresented populations in genetic studies of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilcag Akgun
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Kara L Hamilton-Nelson
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kyle Scott
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Joe Rivero
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Larry D Adams
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jose J Sanchez
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Glenies S Valladares
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sergio Tejada
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Parker L Bussies
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Concepcion Silva-Vergara
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Vanessa C Rodriguez
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Pedro R Mena
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Katrina Celis
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Patrice G Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Michael Prough
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Christina Kosanovic
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Derek J Van Booven
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Michael A Schmidt
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Anthony J Griswold
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Katalina F McInerney
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Michael L Cuccaro
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jeffery M Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Farid Rajabli
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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4
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Kuhn MK, Proctor EA. Microglial Drivers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology: An Evolution of Diverse Participating States. Proteins 2024. [PMID: 39219300 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Microglia, the resident immune-competent cells of the brain, become dysfunctional in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their aberrant immune responses contribute to the accumulation of pathological proteins and neuronal injury. Genetic studies implicate microglia in the development of AD, prompting interest in developing immunomodulatory therapies to prevent or ameliorate disease. However, microglia take on diverse functional states in disease, playing both protective and detrimental roles in AD, which largely overlap and may shift over the disease course, complicating the identification of effective therapeutic targets. Extensive evidence gathered using transgenic mouse models supports an active role of microglia in pathology progression, though results vary and can be contradictory between different types of models and the degree of pathology at the time of study. Here, we review microglial immune signaling and responses that contribute to the accumulation and spread of pathological proteins or directly affect neuronal health. We additionally explore the use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models to study living human microglia and how they have contributed to our knowledge of AD and may begin to fill in the gaps left by mouse models. Ultimately, mouse and iPSC-derived models have their own limitations, and a comprehensive understanding of microglial dysfunction in AD will only be established by an integrated view across models and an appreciation for their complementary viewpoints and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison K Kuhn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Engineering Science & Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn State Neuroscience Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Tsintzas E, Niccoli T. Using Drosophila amyloid toxicity models to study Alzheimer's disease. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:349-363. [PMID: 38517001 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterised by a progressive loss of neurons, which manifests as gradual memory decline, followed by cognitive loss. Despite the significant progress in identifying novel biomarkers and understanding the prodromal pathology and symptomatology, AD remains a significant unmet clinical need. Lecanemab and aducanumab, the only Food and Drug Administration approved drugs to exhibit some disease-modifying clinical efficacy, target Aβ amyloid, underscoring the importance of this protein in disease aetiology. Nevertheless, in the absence of a definitive cure, the utilisation of preclinical models remains imperative for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the evaluation of potential therapeutic agents. Drosophila melanogaster is a model system that can be used as a research tool to investigate neurodegeneration and therapeutic interventions. The short lifespan, low price and ease of husbandry/rearing make Drosophila an advantageous model organism from a practical perspective. However, it is the highly conserved genome and similarity of Drosophila and human neurobiology which make flies a powerful tool to investigate neurodegenerative mechanisms. In addition, the ease of transgenic modifications allows for early proof of principle studies for future therapeutic approaches in neurodegenerative research. This mini review will specifically focus on utilising Drosophila as an in vivo model of amyloid toxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Tsintzas
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
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Lah JJ, Tian G, Risk BB, Hanfelt JJ, Wang L, Zhao L, Hales CM, Johnson ECB, Elmor MB, Malakauskas SJ, Heilman C, Wingo TS, Dorbin CD, Davis CP, Thomas TI, Hajjar IM, Levey AI, Parker MW. Lower Prevalence of Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Among Healthy African Americans. Ann Neurol 2024; 96:463-475. [PMID: 38924596 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is believed to be more common in African Americans (AA), but biomarker studies in AA populations are limited. This report represents the largest study to date examining cerebrospinal fluid AD biomarkers in AA individuals. METHODS We analyzed 3,006 cerebrospinal fluid samples from controls, AD cases, and non-AD cases, including 495 (16.5%) self-identified black/AA and 2,456 (81.7%) white/European individuals using cutoffs derived from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, and using a data-driven multivariate Gaussian mixture of regressions. RESULTS Distinct effects of race were found in different groups. Total Tauand phospho181-Tau were lower among AA individuals in all groups (p < 0.0001), and Aβ42 was markedly lower in AA controls compared with white controls (p < 0.0001). Gaussian mixture of regressions modeling of cerebrospinal fluid distributions incorporating adjustments for covariates revealed coefficient estimates for AA race comparable with 2-decade change in age. Using Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cutoffs, fewer AA controls were classified as biomarker-positive asymptomatic AD (8.0% vs 13.4%). After adjusting for covariates, our Gaussian mixture of regressions model reduced this difference, but continued to predict lower prevalence of asymptomatic AD among AA controls (9.3% vs 13.5%). INTERPRETATION Although the risk of dementia is higher, data-driven modeling indicates lower frequency of asymptomatic AD in AA controls, suggesting that dementia among AA populations may not be driven by higher rates of AD. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:463-475.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ganzhong Tian
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin B Risk
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John J Hanfelt
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liangkang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chadwick M Hales
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erik C B Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Morgan B Elmor
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah J Malakauskas
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Craig Heilman
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cornelya D Dorbin
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Crystal P Davis
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tiffany I Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ihab M Hajjar
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Monica W Parker
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Brain Health Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Jang H, Dai R, Mashour GA, Hudetz AG, Huang Z. Classifying Unconscious, Psychedelic, and Neuropsychiatric Brain States with Functional Connectivity, Graph Theory, and Cortical Gradient Analysis. Brain Sci 2024; 14:880. [PMID: 39335376 PMCID: PMC11430472 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14090880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate and generalizable classification of brain states is essential for understanding their neural underpinnings and improving clinical diagnostics. Traditionally, functional connectivity patterns and graph-theoretic metrics have been utilized. However, cortical gradient features, which reflect global brain organization, offer a complementary approach. We hypothesized that a machine learning model integrating these three feature sets would effectively discriminate between baseline and atypical brain states across a wide spectrum of conditions, even though the underlying neural mechanisms vary. To test this, we extracted features from brain states associated with three meta-conditions including unconsciousness (NREM2 sleep, propofol deep sedation, and propofol general anesthesia), psychedelic states induced by hallucinogens (subanesthetic ketamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and nitrous oxide), and neuropsychiatric disorders (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia). We used support vector machine with nested cross-validation to construct our models. The soft voting ensemble model marked the average balanced accuracy (average of specificity and sensitivity) of 79% (62-98% across all conditions), outperforming individual base models (70-76%). Notably, our models exhibited varying degrees of transferability across different datasets, with performance being dependent on the specific brain states and feature sets used. Feature importance analysis across meta-conditions suggests that the underlying neural mechanisms vary significantly, necessitating tailored approaches for accurate classification of specific brain states. This finding underscores the value of our feature-integrated ensemble models, which leverage the strengths of multiple feature types to achieve robust performance across a broader range of brain states. While our approach offers valuable insights into the neural signatures of different brain states, future work is needed to develop and validate even more generalizable models that can accurately classify brain states across a wider array of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Jang
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.J.); (G.A.M.); (A.G.H.)
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Rui Dai
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - George A. Mashour
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.J.); (G.A.M.); (A.G.H.)
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anthony G. Hudetz
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.J.); (G.A.M.); (A.G.H.)
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zirui Huang
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.J.); (G.A.M.); (A.G.H.)
- Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Heuer SE, Bloss EB, Howell GR. Strategies to dissect microglia-synaptic interactions during aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2024; 254:109987. [PMID: 38705570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Age is the largest risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that causes a progressive and severe dementia. The underlying cause of cognitive deficits seen in AD is thought to be the disconnection of neural circuits that control memory and executive functions. Insight into the mechanisms by which AD diverges from normal aging will require identifying precisely which cellular events are driven by aging and which are impacted by AD-related pathologies. Since microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, are known to have critical roles in the formation and maintenance of neural circuits through synaptic pruning, they are well-positioned to modulate synaptic connectivity in circuits sensitive to aging or AD. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of the field and on emerging technologies being employed to elucidate microglia-synaptic interactions in aging and AD. We also discuss the importance of leveraging genetic diversity to study how these interactions are shaped across more realistic contexts. We propose that these approaches will be essential to define specific aging- and disease-relevant trajectories for more personalized therapeutics aimed at reducing the effects of age or AD pathologies on the brain. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Heuer
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Erik B Bloss
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
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9
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Kolahchi Z, Henkel N, Eladawi MA, Villarreal EC, Kandimalla P, Lundh A, McCullumsmith RE, Cuevas E. Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic, Hormonal, and Inflammation Impacts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8485. [PMID: 39126053 PMCID: PMC11313277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-thirds of Americans with Alzheimer's disease are women, indicating a profound variance between the sexes. Variances exist between the sexes in the age and intensity of the presentation, cognitive deficits, neuroinflammatory factors, structural and functional brain changes, as well as psychosocial and cultural circumstances. Herein, we summarize the existing evidence for sexual dimorphism and present the available evidence for these distinctions. Understanding these complexities is critical to developing personalized interventions for the prevention, care, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kolahchi
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (Z.K.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Nicholas Henkel
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (N.H.); (M.A.E.); (P.K.); (A.L.); (R.E.M.)
| | - Mahmoud A. Eladawi
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (N.H.); (M.A.E.); (P.K.); (A.L.); (R.E.M.)
| | - Emma C. Villarreal
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (Z.K.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Prathik Kandimalla
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (N.H.); (M.A.E.); (P.K.); (A.L.); (R.E.M.)
| | - Anna Lundh
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (N.H.); (M.A.E.); (P.K.); (A.L.); (R.E.M.)
| | - Robert E. McCullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (N.H.); (M.A.E.); (P.K.); (A.L.); (R.E.M.)
- ProMedica Neurosciences Center, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Elvis Cuevas
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (Z.K.); (E.C.V.)
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10
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Groot C, Smith R, Collij LE, Mastenbroek SE, Stomrud E, Binette AP, Leuzy A, Palmqvist S, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Strandberg O, Cho H, Lyoo CH, Frisoni GB, Peretti DE, Garibotto V, La Joie R, Soleimani-Meigooni DN, Rabinovici G, Ossenkoppele R, Hansson O. Tau Positron Emission Tomography for Predicting Dementia in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment. JAMA Neurol 2024; 81:845-856. [PMID: 38857029 PMCID: PMC11165418 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Importance An accurate prognosis is especially pertinent in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), when individuals experience considerable uncertainty about future progression. Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of tau positron emission tomography (PET) to predict clinical progression from MCI to dementia. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a multicenter cohort study with external validation and a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.0 (1.1) years. Data were collected from centers in South Korea, Sweden, the US, and Switzerland from June 2014 to January 2024. Participant data were retrospectively collected and inclusion criteria were a baseline clinical diagnosis of MCI; longitudinal clinical follow-up; a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score greater than 22; and available tau PET, amyloid-β (Aβ) PET, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan less than 1 year from diagnosis. A total of 448 eligible individuals with MCI were included (331 in the discovery cohort and 117 in the validation cohort). None of these participants were excluded over the course of the study. Exposures Tau PET, Aβ PET, and MRI. Main Outcomes and Measures Positive results on tau PET (temporal meta-region of interest), Aβ PET (global; expressed in the standardized metric Centiloids), and MRI (Alzheimer disease [AD] signature region) was assessed using quantitative thresholds and visual reads. Clinical progression from MCI to all-cause dementia (regardless of suspected etiology) or to AD dementia (AD as suspected etiology) served as the primary outcomes. The primary analyses were receiver operating characteristics. Results In the discovery cohort, the mean (SD) age was 70.9 (8.5) years, 191 (58%) were male, the mean (SD) MMSE score was 27.1 (1.9), and 110 individuals with MCI (33%) converted to dementia (71 to AD dementia). Only the model with tau PET predicted all-cause dementia (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.70-0.80) better than a base model including age, sex, education, and MMSE score (AUC, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.77; P = .02), while the models assessing the other neuroimaging markers did not improve prediction. In the validation cohort, tau PET replicated in predicting all-cause dementia. Compared to the base model (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69-0.82), prediction of AD dementia in the discovery cohort was significantly improved by including tau PET (AUC, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.79-0.89; P < .001), tau PET visual read (AUC, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.78-0.88; P = .001), and Aβ PET Centiloids (AUC, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.78-0.88; P = .03). In the validation cohort, only the tau PET and the tau PET visual reads replicated in predicting AD dementia. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, tau-PET showed the best performance as a stand-alone marker to predict progression to dementia among individuals with MCI. This suggests that, for prognostic purposes in MCI, a tau PET scan may be the best currently available neuroimaging marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Groot
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Smith
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lyduine E. Collij
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie E. Mastenbroek
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexa Pichet Binette
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Antoine Leuzy
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Giovanni B. Frisoni
- Memory Clinic, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University and University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Debora E. Peretti
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University Neurocenter and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Garibotto
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University Neurocenter and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Renaud La Joie
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco
| | - David N. Soleimani-Meigooni
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Gil Rabinovici
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
- Associate Editor, JAMA Neurology
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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11
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Engels-Domínguez N, Riphagen JM, Van Egroo M, Koops EA, Smegal LF, Becker JA, Prokopiou PC, Bueichekú E, Kwong KK, Rentz DM, Salat DH, Sperling RA, Johnson KA, Jacobs HIL. Lower Locus Coeruleus Integrity Signals Elevated Entorhinal Tau and Clinical Progression in Asymptomatic Older Individuals. Ann Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39007398 DOI: 10.1002/ana.27022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated entorhinal cortex (EC) tau in low beta-amyloid individuals can predict accumulation of pathology and cognitive decline. We compared the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived locus coeruleus integrity, neocortical beta-amyloid burden by positron emission tomography (PET), and hippocampal volume in identifying elevated entorhinal tau signal in asymptomatic individuals who are considered beta-amyloid PET-negative. METHODS We included 188 asymptomatic individuals (70.78 ± 11.51 years, 58% female) who underwent 3T-MRI of the locus coeruleus, Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB), and Flortaucipir (FTP) PET. Associations between elevated EC tau and neocortical PiB, hippocampal volume, or locus coeruleus integrity were evaluated and compared using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses in the PiB- sample with a clinical dementia rating (CDR) of 0. Associations with clinical progression (CDR-sum-of-boxes) over a time span of 6 years were evaluated with Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS We identified 26 (21%) individuals with high EC FTP in the CDR = 0/PiB- sample. Locus coeruleus integrity was a significantly more sensitive and specific predictor of elevated EC FTP (area under the curve [AUC] = 85%) compared with PiB (AUC = 77%) or hippocampal volume (AUC = 76%). Based on the Youden-index, locus coeruleus integrity obtained a sensitivity of 77% and 85% specificity. Using the resulting locus coeruleus Youden cut-off, lower locus coeruleus integrity was associated with a two-fold increase in clinical progression, including mild cognitive impairment. INTERPRETATION Locus coeruleus integrity has promise as a low-cost, non-invasive screening instrument to detect early cortical tau deposition and associated clinical progression in asymptomatic, low beta-amyloid individuals. ANN NEUROL 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Engels-Domínguez
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joost M Riphagen
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxime Van Egroo
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elouise A Koops
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lindsay F Smegal
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Alex Becker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prokopis C Prokopiou
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisenda Bueichekú
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth K Kwong
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dorene M Rentz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H Salat
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Kim S, Wang SM, Kang DW, Um YH, Han EJ, Park SY, Ha S, Choe YS, Kim HW, Kim REY, Kim D, Lee CU, Lim HK. A Comparative Analysis of Two Automated Quantification Methods for Regional Cerebral Amyloid Retention: PET-Only and PET-and-MRI-Based Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7649. [PMID: 39062892 PMCID: PMC11276670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate quantification of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) is essential for early detection of and intervention in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but there is still a lack of studies comparing the performance of various automated methods. This study compared the PET-only method and PET-and-MRI-based method with a pre-trained deep learning segmentation model. A large sample of 1180 participants in the Catholic Aging Brain Imaging (CABI) database was analyzed to calculate the regional standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) using both methods. The logistic regression models were employed to assess the discriminability of amyloid-positive and negative groups through 10-fold cross-validation and area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) metrics. The two methods showed a high correlation in calculating SUVRs but the PET-MRI method, incorporating MRI data for anatomical accuracy, demonstrated superior performance in predicting amyloid-positivity. The parietal, frontal, and cingulate importantly contributed to the prediction. The PET-MRI method with a pre-trained deep learning model approach provides an efficient and precise method for earlier diagnosis and intervention in the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Han
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonya Youngju Park
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggyun Ha
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Sim Choe
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea (R.E.K.)
| | - Hye Weon Kim
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea (R.E.K.)
| | - Regina EY Kim
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea (R.E.K.)
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 06234, Republic of Korea (R.E.K.)
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- CMC Institute for Basic Medical Science, The Catholic Medical Center of The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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13
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Diamond BR, Sridhar J, Maier J, Martersteck AC, Rogalski EJ. SuperAging functional connectomics from resting-state functional MRI. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae205. [PMID: 38978723 PMCID: PMC11228547 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between functional connectivity (FC) of higher-order neurocognitive networks and age-related cognitive decline is a complex and evolving field of research. Decreases in FC have been associated with cognitive decline in persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, the contributions of FC have been less straightforward in typical cognitive aging. Some investigations suggest relatively robust FC within neurocognitive networks differentiates unusually successful cognitive aging from average aging, while others do not. Methodologic limitations in data processing and varying definitions of 'successful aging' may have contributed to the inconsistent results to date. The current study seeks to address previous limitations by optimized MRI methods to examine FC in the well-established SuperAging phenotype, defined by age and cognitive performance as individuals 80 and older with episodic memory performance equal to or better than 50-to-60-year-olds. Within- and between-network FC of large-scale neurocognitive networks were compared between 24 SuperAgers and 16 cognitively average older-aged control (OACs) with stable cognitive profiles using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) from a single visit. Group classification was determined based on measures of episodic memory, executive functioning, verbal fluency and picture naming. Inclusion criteria required stable cognitive status across two visits. First, we investigated the FC within and between seven resting-state networks from a common atlas parcellation. A separate index of network segregation was also compared between groups. Second, we investigated the FC between six subcomponents of the default mode network (DMN), the neurocognitive network commonly associated with memory performance and disrupted in persons with ADRD. For each analysis, FCs were compared across groups using two-sample independent t-tests and corrected for multiple comparisons. There were no significant between-group differences in demographic characteristics including age, sex and education. At the group-level, within-network FC, between-network FC, and segregation measurements of seven large-scale networks, including subcomponents of the DMN, were not a primary differentiator between cognitively average aging and SuperAging phenotypes. Thus, FC within or between large-scale networks does not appear to be a primary driver of the exceptional memory performance observed in SuperAgers. These results have relevance for differentiating the role of FC changes associated with cognitive aging from those associated with ADRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram R Diamond
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Healthy Aging & Alzheimer’s Research Care (HAARC) Center, Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jaiashre Sridhar
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jessica Maier
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Adam C Martersteck
- Healthy Aging & Alzheimer’s Research Care (HAARC) Center, Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Emily J Rogalski
- Healthy Aging & Alzheimer’s Research Care (HAARC) Center, Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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14
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Yang HS, Yau WYW, Carlyle BC, Trombetta BA, Zhang C, Shirzadi Z, Schultz AP, Pruzin JJ, Fitzpatrick CD, Kirn DR, Rabin JS, Buckley RF, Hohman TJ, Rentz DM, Tanzi RE, Johnson KA, Sperling RA, Arnold SE, Chhatwal JP. Plasma VEGFA and PGF impact longitudinal tau and cognition in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2024; 147:2158-2168. [PMID: 38315899 PMCID: PMC11146430 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Alterations in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have been implicated as potential mechanisms. However, the specific impact of VEGF proteins in preclinical Alzheimer's disease and their relationships with other Alzheimer's disease and vascular pathologies during this critical early period remain to be elucidated. We included 317 older adults from the Harvard Aging Brain Study, a cohort of individuals who were cognitively unimpaired at baseline and followed longitudinally for up to 12 years. Baseline VEGF family protein levels (VEGFA, VEGFC, VEGFD, PGF and FLT1) were measured in fasting plasma using high-sensitivity immunoassays. Using linear mixed effects models, we examined the interactive effects of baseline plasma VEGF proteins and amyloid PET burden (Pittsburgh Compound-B) on longitudinal cognition (Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite-5). We further investigated if effects on cognition were mediated by early neocortical tau accumulation (flortaucipir PET burden in the inferior temporal cortex) or hippocampal atrophy. Lastly, we examined the impact of adjusting for baseline cardiovascular risk score or white matter hyperintensity volume. Baseline plasma VEGFA and PGF each showed a significant interaction with amyloid burden on prospective cognitive decline. Specifically, low VEGFA and high PGF were associated with greater cognitive decline in individuals with elevated amyloid, i.e. those on the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Concordantly, low VEGFA and high PGF were associated with accelerated longitudinal tau accumulation in those with elevated amyloid. Moderated mediation analyses confirmed that accelerated tau accumulation fully mediated the effects of low VEGFA and partially mediated (31%) the effects of high PGF on faster amyloid-related cognitive decline. The effects of VEGFA and PGF on tau and cognition remained significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk score or white matter hyperintensity volume. There were concordant but non-significant associations with longitudinal hippocampal atrophy. Together, our findings implicate low VEGFA and high PGF in accelerating early neocortical tau pathology and cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, our results underscore the potential of these minimally-invasive plasma biomarkers to inform the risk of Alzheimer's disease progression in the preclinical population. Importantly, VEGFA and PGF appear to capture distinct effects from vascular risks and cerebrovascular injury. This highlights their potential as new therapeutic targets, in combination with anti-amyloid and traditional vascular risk reduction therapies, to slow the trajectory of preclinical Alzheimer's disease and delay or prevent the onset of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sik Yang
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wai-Ying Wendy Yau
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky C Carlyle
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Bianca A Trombetta
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Zahra Shirzadi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron P Schultz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jeremy J Pruzin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Banner Alzheimer’s Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
| | | | - Dylan R Kirn
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation and Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Rachel F Buckley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Dorene M Rentz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jasmeer P Chhatwal
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Park KW. Anti-amyloid Antibody Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 58:227-236. [PMID: 38932758 PMCID: PMC11196435 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-024-00848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, which is characterized by a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is extremely difficult to treat and severely reduces quality of life. Amyloid beta (Aβ) has been the primary target of experimental therapies owing to the neurotoxicity of Aβ and the brain Aβ load detected in humans by amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Recently completed phase 2 and 3 trials of third-generation anti-amyloid immunotherapies indicated clinical efficacy in significantly reducing brain Aβ load and inhibiting the progression of cognitive decline. Anti-amyloid immunotherapies are the first effective disease-modifying therapies for AD, and aducanumab and lecanemab were recently approved through the US Food and Drug Administration's accelerated approval pathway. However, these therapies still exhibit insufficient clinical efficacy and are associated with amyloid-related imaging abnormalities. Further advances in the field of AD therapeutics are required to revolutionize clinical AD treatment, dementia care, and preventive cognitive healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-Ro, Seo-Gu, Busan, 49201 Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, 26 Daesingongwon-Ro, Seo-Gu, Busan, 49201 Korea
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16
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Rahman MS. Overrepresentation of APOE ε4 carriers in genome-wide association studies of memory function and memory decline. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4342. [PMID: 38648376 PMCID: PMC11180855 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafiqur Rahman
- MRC Biostatistics UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUK
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUK
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17
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Jagust WJ, Mattay VS, Krainak DM, Wang SJ, Weidner LD, Hofling AA, Koo H, Hsieh P, Kuo PH, Farrar G, Marzella L. Quantitative Brain Amyloid PET. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:670-678. [PMID: 38514082 PMCID: PMC11064834 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.265766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the development of amyloid tracers for PET imaging, there has been interest in quantifying amyloid burden in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease. Quantitative amyloid PET imaging is poised to become a valuable approach in disease staging, theranostics, monitoring, and as an outcome measure for interventional studies. Yet, there are significant challenges and hurdles to overcome before it can be implemented into widespread clinical practice. On November 17, 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, and Medical Imaging and Technology Alliance cosponsored a public workshop comprising experts from academia, industry, and government agencies to discuss the role of quantitative brain amyloid PET imaging in staging, prognosis, and longitudinal assessment of Alzheimer disease. The workshop discussed a range of topics, including available radiopharmaceuticals for amyloid imaging; the methodology, metrics, and analytic validity of quantitative amyloid PET imaging; its use in disease staging, prognosis, and monitoring of progression; and challenges facing the field. This report provides a high-level summary of the presentations and the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Venkata S Mattay
- Division of Imaging and Radiation Medicine, Office of Specialty Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland;
| | - Daniel M Krainak
- Division of Radiological Imaging and Radiation Therapy Devices, Office of Radiological Health, Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Centers for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sue-Jane Wang
- Division of Biometrics I, Office of Biostatistics, Office of Translational Sciences, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Lora D Weidner
- Division of Radiological Imaging and Radiation Therapy Devices, Office of Radiological Health, Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Centers for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - A Alex Hofling
- Division of Imaging and Radiation Medicine, Office of Specialty Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Hayoung Koo
- Division of Imaging and Radiation Medicine, Office of Specialty Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Libero Marzella
- Division of Imaging and Radiation Medicine, Office of Specialty Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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18
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Frank C, Albertazzi A, Murphy C. The effect of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and olfactory function on odor identification networks. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3524. [PMID: 38702902 PMCID: PMC11069025 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) status, odor identification, and odor familiarity predicts conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS To further understand olfactory disturbances and AD risk, ApoE ε4 carrier (mean age 76.38 ± 5.21) and ε4 non-carrier (mean age 76.8 ± 3.35) adults were given odor familiarity and identification tests and performed an odor identification task during fMRI scanning. Five task-related functional networks were detected using independent components analysis. Main and interaction effects of mean odor familiarity ratings, odor identification scores, and ε4 status on network activation and task-modulation of network functional connectivity (FC) during correct and incorrect odor identification (hits and misses), controlling for age and sex, were explored using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Findings suggested that sensory-olfactory network activation was positively associated with odor identification scores in ε4 carriers with intact odor familiarity. The FC of sensory-olfactory, multisensory-semantic integration, and occipitoparietal networks was altered in ε4 carriers with poorer odor familiarity and identification. In ε4 carriers with poorer familiarity, connectivity between superior frontal areas and the sensory-olfactory network was negatively associated with odor identification scores. CONCLUSIONS The results contribute to the clarification of the neurocognitive structure of odor identification processing and suggest that poorer odor familiarity and identification in ε4 carriers may signal multi-network dysfunction. Odor familiarity and identification assessment in ε4 carriers may contribute to the predictive value of risk for MCI and AD due to the breakdown of sensory-cognitive network integration. Additional research on olfactory processing in those at risk for AD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conner Frank
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical PsychologySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Abigail Albertazzi
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Claire Murphy
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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19
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Davoody S, Asgari Taei A, Khodabakhsh P, Dargahi L. mTOR signaling and Alzheimer's disease: What we know and where we are? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14463. [PMID: 37721413 PMCID: PMC11017461 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the great body of research done on Alzheimer's disease, the underlying mechanisms have not been vividly investigated. To date, the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles constitutes the hallmark of the disease; however, dysregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) seems to be significantly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease as well. mTOR, as a serine-threonine protein kinase, was previously known for controlling many cellular functions such as cell size, autophagy, and metabolism. In this regard, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) may leave anti-aging impacts by robustly inhibiting autophagy, a mechanism that inhibits the accumulation of damaged protein aggregate and dysfunctional organelles. Formation and aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-beta plaques seem to be significantly regulated by mTOR signaling. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and connection between mTOR signaling and AD may suggest conducting clinical trials assessing the efficacy of rapamycin, as an mTOR inhibitor drug, in managing AD or may help develop other medications. In this literature review, we aim to elaborate mTOR signaling network mainly in the brain, point to gaps of knowledge, and define how and in which ways mTOR signaling can be connected with AD pathogenesis and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Davoody
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Afsaneh Asgari Taei
- Neuroscience Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Pariya Khodabakhsh
- Department of NeurophysiologyInstitute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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20
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Fonseca CS, Baker SL, Dobyns L, Janabi M, Jagust WJ, Harrison TM. Tau accumulation and atrophy predict amyloid independent cognitive decline in aging. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2526-2537. [PMID: 38334195 PMCID: PMC11032527 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology are cross-sectionally associated with atrophy and cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We investigated relationships between concurrent longitudinal measures of Aβ (Pittsburgh compound B [PiB] positron emission tomography [PET]), tau (flortaucipir [FTP] PET), atrophy (structural magnetic resonance imaging), episodic memory (EM), and non-memory (NM) in 78 cognitively healthy older adults (OA). RESULTS Entorhinal FTP change was correlated with EM decline regardless of Aβ, but meta-temporal FTP and global PiB change were only associated with EM and NM decline in Aβ+ OA. Voxel-wise analyses revealed significant associations between temporal lobe FTP change and EM decline in all groups. PiB and FTP change were not associated with structural change, suggesting a functional or microstructural mechanism linking these measures to cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Our results show that longitudinal Aβ is linked to cognitive decline only in the presence of elevated Aβ, but longitudinal temporal lobe tau is associated with memory decline regardless of Aβ status. HIGHLIGHTS Entorhinal tau change was associated with memory decline in older adults (OA), regardless of amyloid beta (Aβ). Greater meta-region of interest (ROI) tau change correlated with memory decline in Aβ+ OA. Voxel-wise temporal tau change correlated with memory decline, regardless of Aβ. Meta-ROI tau and global amyloid change correlated with non-memory change in Aβ+ OA. Tau and amyloid accumulation were not associated with structural change in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrina S. Fonseca
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Lindsey Dobyns
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mustafa Janabi
- Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - William J. Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Theresa M. Harrison
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
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21
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Sepulveda‐Falla D, Vélez JI, Acosta‐Baena N, Baena A, Moreno S, Krasemann S, Lopera F, Mastronardi CA, Arcos‐Burgos M. Genetic modifiers of cognitive decline in PSEN1 E280A Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2873-2885. [PMID: 38450831 PMCID: PMC11032577 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rate of cognitive decline (RCD) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) determines the degree of impairment for patients and of burden for caretakers. We studied the association of RCD with genetic variants in AD. METHODS RCD was evaluated in 62 familial AD (FAD) and 53 sporadic AD (SAD) cases, and analyzed by whole-exome sequencing for association with common exonic functional variants. Findings were validated in post mortem brain tissue. RESULTS One hundred seventy-two gene variants in FAD, and 227 gene variants in SAD associated with RCD. In FAD, performance decline of the immediate recall of the Rey-Osterrieth figure test associated with 122 genetic variants. Olfactory receptor OR51B6 showed the highest number of associated variants. Its expression was detected in temporal cortex neurons. DISCUSSION Impaired olfactory function has been associated with cognitive impairment in AD. Genetic variants in these or other genes could help to identify risk of faster memory decline in FAD and SAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sepulveda‐Falla
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | - Jorge I. Vélez
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
- Universidad del NorteBarranquillaColombia
| | | | - Ana Baena
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | - Sonia Moreno
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | - Claudio A. Mastronardi
- Genomics and Predictive Medicine GroupDepartment of Genome SciencesJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
- INPAC Research Group, Fundación Universitaria SanitasBogotáColombia
| | - Mauricio Arcos‐Burgos
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI)Departamento de PsiquiatríaFacultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigaciones MédicasUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
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22
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Kudo K, Ranasinghe KG, Morise H, Syed F, Sekihara K, Rankin KP, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Rabinovici GD, Vossel K, Kirsch HE, Nagarajan SS. Neurophysiological trajectories in Alzheimer's disease progression. eLife 2024; 12:RP91044. [PMID: 38546337 PMCID: PMC10977971 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β and misfolded tau proteins causing synaptic dysfunction, and progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Altered neural oscillations have been consistently demonstrated in AD. However, the trajectories of abnormal neural oscillations in AD progression and their relationship to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline are unknown. Here, we deployed robust event-based sequencing models (EBMs) to investigate the trajectories of long-range and local neural synchrony across AD stages, estimated from resting-state magnetoencephalography. The increases in neural synchrony in the delta-theta band and the decreases in the alpha and beta bands showed progressive changes throughout the stages of the EBM. Decreases in alpha and beta band synchrony preceded both neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, indicating that frequency-specific neuronal synchrony abnormalities are early manifestations of AD pathophysiology. The long-range synchrony effects were greater than the local synchrony, indicating a greater sensitivity of connectivity metrics involving multiple regions of the brain. These results demonstrate the evolution of functional neuronal deficits along the sequence of AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Kudo
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Medical Imaging Business Center, Ricoh Company LtdKanazawaJapan
| | - Kamalini G Ranasinghe
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Hirofumi Morise
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Medical Imaging Business Center, Ricoh Company LtdKanazawaJapan
| | - Faatimah Syed
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Katherine P Rankin
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Keith Vossel
- Memory and Aging Center,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Heidi E Kirsch
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Srikantan S Nagarajan
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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23
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Kudo K, Ranasinghe KG, Morise H, Syed F, Sekihara K, Rankin KP, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Rabinovici GD, Vossel K, Kirsch HE, Nagarajan SS. Neurophysiological trajectories in Alzheimer's disease progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.18.541379. [PMID: 37293044 PMCID: PMC10245777 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.541379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β and misfolded tau proteins causing synaptic dysfunction, and progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Altered neural oscillations have been consistently demonstrated in AD. However, the trajectories of abnormal neural oscillations in AD progression and their relationship to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline are unknown. Here, we deployed robust event-based sequencing models (EBMs) to investigate the trajectories of long-range and local neural synchrony across AD stages, estimated from resting-state magnetoencephalography. The increases in neural synchrony in the delta-theta band and the decreases in the alpha and beta bands showed progressive changes throughout the stages of the EBM. Decreases in alpha and beta band synchrony preceded both neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, indicating that frequency-specific neuronal synchrony abnormalities are early manifestations of AD pathophysiology. The long-range synchrony effects were greater than the local synchrony, indicating a greater sensitivity of connectivity metrics involving multiple regions of the brain. These results demonstrate the evolution of functional neuronal deficits along the sequence of AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Kudo
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Medical Imaging Business Center, Ricoh Company, Ltd., Kanazawa, 920-0177, Japan
| | - Kamalini G Ranasinghe
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Hirofumi Morise
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Medical Imaging Business Center, Ricoh Company, Ltd., Kanazawa, 920-0177, Japan
| | - Faatimah Syed
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Katherine P Rankin
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Keith Vossel
- Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Heidi E Kirsch
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Srikantan S Nagarajan
- Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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24
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Yook Y, Lee KY, Kim E, Lizarazo S, Yu X, Tsai NP. Hyperfunction of post-synaptic density protein 95 promotes seizure response in early-stage aβ pathology. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1233-1255. [PMID: 38413732 PMCID: PMC10933348 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) can lead to the formation of aggregates that contribute to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite globally reduced neural activity during AD onset, recent studies have suggested that Aβ induces hyperexcitability and seizure-like activity during the early stages of the disease that ultimately exacerbate cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, we reveal an Aβ-induced elevation of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) in cultured neurons in vitro and in an in vivo AD model using APP/PS1 mice at 8 weeks of age. Elevation of PSD-95 occurs as a result of reduced ubiquitination caused by Akt-dependent phosphorylation of E3 ubiquitin ligase murine-double-minute 2 (Mdm2). The elevation of PSD-95 is consistent with the facilitation of excitatory synapses and the surface expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors induced by Aβ. Inhibition of PSD-95 corrects these Aβ-induced synaptic defects and reduces seizure activity in APP/PS1 mice. Our results demonstrate a mechanism underlying elevated seizure activity during early-stage Aβ pathology and suggest that PSD-95 could be an early biomarker and novel therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeeun Yook
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kwan Young Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Simon Lizarazo
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xinzhu Yu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Nien-Pei Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Abiose O, Rutledge J, Moran‐Losada P, Belloy ME, Wilson EN, He Z, Trelle AN, Channappa D, Romero A, Park J, Yutsis MV, Sha SJ, Andreasson KI, Poston KL, Henderson VW, Wagner AD, Wyss‐Coray T, Mormino EC. Post-translational modifications linked to preclinical Alzheimer's disease-related pathological and cognitive changes. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1851-1867. [PMID: 38146099 PMCID: PMC10984434 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we leverage proteomic techniques to identify communities of proteins underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk among clinically unimpaired (CU) older adults. METHODS We constructed a protein co-expression network using 3869 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins quantified by SomaLogic, Inc., in a cohort of participants along the AD clinical spectrum. We then replicated this network in an independent cohort of CU older adults and related these modules to clinically-relevant outcomes. RESULTS We discovered modules enriched for phosphorylation and ubiquitination that were associated with abnormal amyloid status, as well as p-tau181 (M4: β = 2.44, p < 0.001, M7: β = 2.57, p < 0.001) and executive function performance (M4: β = -2.00, p = 0.005, M7: β = -2.39, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION In leveraging CSF proteomic data from individuals spanning the clinical spectrum of AD, we highlight the importance of post-translational modifications for early cognitive and pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olamide Abiose
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jarod Rutledge
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain ResilienceStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Patricia Moran‐Losada
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain ResilienceStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael E. Belloy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Edward N. Wilson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zihuai He
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Biomedical Informatics ResearchStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexandra N. Trelle
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Divya Channappa
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - America Romero
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jennifer Park
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maya V. Yutsis
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sharon J. Sha
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Katrin I. Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kathleen L. Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain ResilienceStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Victor W. Henderson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony D. Wagner
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tony Wyss‐Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain ResilienceStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elizabeth C. Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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Sánchez-Escudero JP, Galvis-Herrera AM, Sánchez-Trujillo D, Torres-López LC, Kennedy CJ, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Garcia-Barrera MA, Trujillo N. Virtual Reality and Serious Videogame-Based Instruments for Assessing Spatial Navigation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09633-7. [PMID: 38403731 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, research using virtual reality and serious game-based instruments for assessing spatial navigation and spatial memory in at-risk and AD populations has risen. We systematically reviewed the literature since 2012 to identify and evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias in the analyses of the psychometric properties of VRSG-based instruments. The search was conducted primarily in July-December 2022 and updated in November 2023 in eight major databases. The quality of instrument development and study design were analyzed in all studies. Measurement properties were defined and analyzed according to COSMIN guidelines. A total of 1078 unique records were screened, and following selection criteria, thirty-seven studies were analyzed. From these studies, 30 instruments were identified. Construct and criterion validity were the most reported measurement properties, while structural validity and internal consistency evidence were the least reported. Nineteen studies were deemed very good in construct validity, whereas 11 studies reporting diagnostic accuracy were deemed very good in quality. Limitations regarding theoretical framework and research design requirements were found in most of the studies. VRSG-based instruments are valuable additions to the current diagnostic toolkit for AD. Further research is required to establish the psychometric performance and clinical utility of VRSG-based instruments, particularly the instrument development, content validity, and diagnostic accuracy for preclinical AD screening scenarios. This review provides a straightforward synthesis of the state of the art of VRSG-based instruments and suggests future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cole J Kennedy
- Department of Psychology & Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Mauricio A Garcia-Barrera
- Department of Psychology & Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Natalia Trujillo
- National College of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia
- Atlantic Fellowship in Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Giorgio J, Adams JN, Maass A, Jagust WJ, Breakspear M. Amyloid induced hyperexcitability in default mode network drives medial temporal hyperactivity and early tau accumulation. Neuron 2024; 112:676-686.e4. [PMID: 38096815 PMCID: PMC10922797 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In early Alzheimer's disease (AD) β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits throughout association cortex and tau appears in the entorhinal cortex (EC). Why these initially appear in disparate locations is not understood. Using task-based fMRI and multimodal PET imaging, we assess the impact of local AD pathology on network-to-network interactions. We show that AD pathologies flip interactions between the default mode network (DMN) and the medial temporal lobe (MTL) from inhibitory to excitatory. The DMN is hyperexcited with increasing levels of Aβ, which drives hyperexcitability within the MTL and this directed hyperexcitation of the MTL by the DMN predicts the rate of tau accumulation within the EC. Our results support a model whereby Aβ induces disruptions to local excitatory-inhibitory balance in the DMN, driving hyperexcitability in the MTL, leading to tau accumulation. We propose that Aβ-induced disruptions to excitatory-inhibitory balance is a candidate causal route between Aβ and remote EC-tau accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Giorgio
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science, and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia.
| | - Jenna N Adams
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - William J Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael Breakspear
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science, and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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Kehrer-Dunlap AL, Keleman AA, Bollinger RM, Stark SL. Falls and Alzheimer Disease. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2024; 6:e240001. [PMID: 38549879 PMCID: PMC10977097 DOI: 10.20900/agmr.20240001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Falls are the leading cause of injury, disability, and injury-related mortality in the older adult population. Older adults with Alzheimer disease (AD) are over twice as likely to experience a fall compared to cognitively normal older adults. Intrinsic and extrinsic fall risk factors may influence falls during symptomatic AD; intrinsic factors include changes in cognition and impaired functional mobility, and extrinsic factors include polypharmacy and environmental fall hazards. Despite many known fall risk factors, the high prevalence of falls, and the presence of effective fall prevention interventions for older adults without cognitive impairment, effective fall prevention interventions for older adults with AD to date are limited and inconclusive. Falls may precede AD-related cognitive impairment during the preclinical phase of AD, though a narrow understanding of fall risk factors and fall prevention interventions for older adults with preclinical AD limits clinical treatment of falls among cognitively normal older adults with preclinical AD. This mini review explores fall risk factors in symptomatic AD, evidence for effective fall prevention interventions in symptomatic AD, and preclinical AD as an avenue for future falls research, including recommendations for future research directions to improve our understanding of falls and fall risk during preclinical AD. Early detection and tailored interventions to address these functional changes are needed to reduce the risk of falls for those at risk for developing AD. Concerted efforts should be dedicated to understanding falls to inform precision fall prevention strategies for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L. Kehrer-Dunlap
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave., Box 8505, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Audrey A. Keleman
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave., Box 8505, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rebecca M. Bollinger
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave., Box 8505, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Susan L. Stark
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave., Box 8505, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Niu X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Shao W, Chen L, Yang Z, Peng D. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG), apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I), and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE ɛ4) alleles for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:547-556. [PMID: 37673807 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a pre-dementia stage is an important stage for early diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of qEEG, APOA-I, and APOE ɛ4 allele in aMCI and AD patients and found the correlation between qEEG (Delta + Theta)/(Alpha + Beta) ratio (DTABR) and different cognitive domains. METHODS All participants were divided into three groups: normal controls (NCs), aMCI, and AD, and all received quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG), neuropsychological scale assessment, apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE ɛ4) alleles, and various blood lipid indicators. Different statistical methods were used for different data. RESULTS The cognitive domains except executive ability were all negatively correlated with DTABR in different brain regions while executive ability was positively correlated with DTABR in several brain regions, although without statistical significance. The consequences confirmed that the DTABR of each brain area were related to MMSE, MoCA, instantaneous memory, and the language ability (p < 0.05), and the DTABR in the occipital area was relevant to all cognitive domains (p < 0.01) except executive function (p = 0.272). Also, occipital DTABR was most correlated with language domain when tested by VFT with a moderate level (r = 0.596, p < 0.001). There were significant differences in T3, T5, and P3 DTABR between both AD and NC and aMCI and NCs. As for aMCI diagnosis, the maximum AUC was achieved when using T3 combined with APOA-I and APOE ε4 (0.855) and the maximum AUC was achieved when using T5 combined with APOA-I and APOE ε4 (0.889) for AD diagnosis. CONCLUSION These findings highlight that APOA-I, APOE ɛ4, and qEEG play an important role in aMCI and AD diagnosis. During AD continuum, qEEG DTABR should be taken into consideration for the early detection of AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Niu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuye Wang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Shao
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Leian Chen
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dantao Peng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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30
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Tang R, Elman JA, Dale AM, Dorros SM, Eyler LT, Fennema-Notestine C, Gustavson DE, Hagler DJ, Lyons MJ, Panizzon MS, Puckett OK, Reynolds CA, Franz CE, Kremen WS. Childhood Disadvantage Moderates Late Midlife Default Mode Network Cortical Microstructure and Visual Memory Association. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad114. [PMID: 37096346 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood disadvantage is a prominent risk factor for cognitive and brain aging. Childhood disadvantage is associated with poorer episodic memory in late midlife and functional and structural brain abnormalities in the default mode network (DMN). Although age-related changes in DMN are associated with episodic memory declines in older adults, it remains unclear if childhood disadvantage has an enduring impact on this later-life brain-cognition relationship earlier in the aging process. Here, within the DMN, we examined whether its cortical microstructural integrity-an early marker of structural vulnerability that increases the risk for future cognitive decline and neurodegeneration-is associated with episodic memory in adults at ages 56-66, and whether childhood disadvantage moderates this association. METHODS Cortical mean diffusivity (MD) obtained from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure microstructural integrity in 350 community-dwelling men. We examined both visual and verbal episodic memory in relation to DMN MD and divided participants into disadvantaged and nondisadvantaged groups based on parental education and occupation. RESULTS Higher DMN MD was associated with poorer visual memory but not verbal memory (β = -0.11, p = .040 vs β = -0.04, p = .535). This association was moderated by childhood disadvantage and was significant only in the disadvantaged group (β = -0.26, p = .002 vs β = -0.00, p = .957). CONCLUSIONS Lower DMN cortical microstructural integrity may reflect visual memory vulnerability in cognitively normal adults earlier in the aging process. Individuals who experienced childhood disadvantage manifested greater vulnerability to cortical microstructure-related visual memory dysfunction than their nondisadvantaged counterparts who exhibited resilience in the face of low cortical microstructural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeremy A Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephen M Dorros
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel E Gustavson
- Institute for Behavior Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Donald J Hagler
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Olivia K Puckett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chandra A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Rodriguez-Vieitez E, Kumar A, Malarte ML, Ioannou K, Rocha FM, Chiotis K. Imaging Neuroinflammation: Quantification of Astrocytosis in a Multitracer PET Approach. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2785:195-218. [PMID: 38427196 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3774-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The recent progress in the development of in vivo biomarkers is rapidly changing how neurodegenerative diseases are conceptualized and diagnosed and how clinical trials are designed today. Alzheimer's disease (AD) - the most common neurodegenerative disorder - is characterized by a complex neuropathology involving the deposition of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, accompanied by the activation of glial cells, i.e., astrocytes and microglia, and neuroinflammatory response, leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction. An increasing diversity of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging radiotracers is available to selectively target the different pathophysiological processes of AD. Along with the success of Aβ PET and the more recent tau PET imaging, there is a great interest to develop PET tracers to image glial reactivity and neuroinflammation. While most research to date has focused on imaging microgliosis, there is an upsurge of interest in imaging reactive astrocytes in the AD continuum. There is increasing evidence that reactive astrocytes are morphologically and functionally heterogeneous, with different subtypes that express different markers and display various homeostatic or detrimental roles across disease stages. Therefore, multiple biomarkers are desirable to unravel the complex phenomenon of reactive astrocytosis. In the field of in vivo PET imaging in AD, the research concerning reactive astrocytes has predominantly focused on targeting monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), most often using either 11C-deuterium-L-deprenyl (11C-DED) or 18F-SMBT-1 PET tracers. Additionally, imidazoline2 binding (I2BS) sites have been imaged using 11C-BU99008 PET. Recent studies in our group using 11C-DED PET imaging suggest that astrocytosis may be present from the early stages of disease development in AD. This chapter provides a detailed description of the practical approach used for the analysis of 11C-DED PET imaging data in a multitracer PET paradigm including 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). The multitracer PET approach allows investigating the comparative regional and temporal patterns of in vivo brain astrocytosis, fibrillar Aβ deposition, glucose metabolism, and brain structural changes. It may also contribute to understanding the potential role of novel plasma biomarkers of reactive astrocytes, in particular the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), at different stages of disease progression. This chapter attempts to stimulate further research in the field, including the development of novel PET tracers that may allow visualizing different aspects of the complex astrocytic and microglial response in neurodegenerative diseases. Progress in the field will contribute to the incorporation of PET imaging of glial reactivity and neuroinflammation as biomarkers with clinical application and motivate further investigation on glial cells as therapeutic targets in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mona-Lisa Malarte
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Ioannou
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filipa M Rocha
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ndukwe K, Serrano PA, Rockwell P, Xie L, Figueiredo-Pereira M. Histone deacetylase inhibitor RG2833 has therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease in females. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573348. [PMID: 38234827 PMCID: PMC10793399 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Nearly two-thirds of patients with Alzheimer's are women. Identifying therapeutics specific for women is critical to lowering their elevated risk for developing this major cause of adult dementia. Moreover, targeting epigenetic processes that regulate multiple cellular pathways is advantageous given Alzheimer's multifactorial nature. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic process heavily involved in memory consolidation. Its disruption is linked to Alzheimer's. Through our computational studies, we predicted that the investigational drug RG2833 (N-[6-(2-aminoanilino)-6-oxohexyl]-4-methylbenzamide) has repurposing potential for Alzheimer's. RG2833 is a histone deacetylase HDAC1/3 inhibitor that is orally bioavailable and permeates the blood-brain-barrier. We investigated the RG2833 therapeutic potential in TgF344-AD rats, which are a model of Alzheimer's that exhibits age-dependent progression, thus mimicking this aspect of Alzheimer's patients that is difficult to establish in animal models. We investigated the RG2833 effects on cognitive performance, gene expression, and AD-like pathology in 11-month TgF344-AD female and male rats. A total of 89 rats were used: wild type n = 45 (17 females, 28 males), and TgF344-AD n = 44 (24 females, 20 males)] across multiple cohorts. No obvious toxicity was detected in the TgF344-AD rats up to 6 months of RG2833-treatment starting at 5 months of age administering the drug in rodent chow at ∼30mg/kg of body weight. We started treatment early in the course of pathology when therapeutic intervention is predicted to be more effective than in later stages of the disease. The drug-treatment significantly mitigated hippocampal-dependent spatial memory deficits in 11-month TgF344-AD females but not in males, compared to wild type littermates. This female sex-specific drug effect has not been previously reported. RG2833-treatment failed to ameliorate amyloid beta accumulation and microgliosis in female and male TgF344-AD rats. However, RNAseq analysis of hippocampal tissue from TgF344-AD rats showed that drug-treatment in females upregulated the expression of immediate early genes, such as Arc, Egr1 and c-Fos, and other genes involved in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Remarkably, out of 17,168 genes analyzed for each sex, no significant changes in gene expression were detected in males at P < 0.05, false discovery rate < 0.05, and fold-change ≥ 1.5. Our data suggest that histone modifying therapeutics such as RG2833 improve cognitive behavior by modulating the expression of immediate early, neuroprotective and synaptic plasticity genes. Our preclinical study supports that RG2833 has therapeutic potential specifically for female Alzheimer's patients. RG2833 evaluations using other AD-related models is necessary to confirm our findings.
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Li K, Luo X, Zeng Q, Liu X, Li J, Zhong S, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang S, Hong H, Jiaerken Y, Liu Z, Zhao S, Huang P, Zhang M, Chen Y. Gray matter structural covariance networks patterns associated with autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC compared to Alzheimer's disease pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 189:106354. [PMID: 37977431 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cases with the limbic-predominant age-related TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and mixed AD+TDP-43 pathology (AD+LATE-NC) share similar symptoms, which makes it a challenge for accurate diagnosis. Exploring the patterns of gray matter structural covariance networks (SCNs) in these three types may help to clarify the underlying mechanism and provide a basis for clinical interventions. METHODS We included ante-mortem MRI data of 10 LATE-NC, 39 AD, and 25 AD+LATE-NC from the ADNI autopsy sample. We used four regions of interest (left posterior cingulate cortex, right entorhinal cortex, frontoinsular and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) to anchor the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and executive control network (ECN). Finally, we assessed the SCN alternations using a multi-regression model-based linear-interaction analysis. RESULTS Cases with autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC and AD showed increased structural associations involving DMN, ECN, and SN. Cases with AD+LATE-NC showed increased structural association within DMN while decreased structural association between DMN and ECN. The volume of peak clusters showed significant associations with cognition and AD pathology. CONCLUSIONS This study showed different SCN patterns in the cases with LATE-NC, AD, and AD+LATE-NC, and indicated the network disconnection mechanism underlying these three neuropathological progressions. Further, SCN may serve as an effective biomarker to distinguish between different types of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Li
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jixuan Li
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyan Zhong
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yerfan Jiaerken
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanxing Chen
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Dybing KM, Vetter CJ, Dempsey DA, Chaudhuri S, Saykin AJ, Risacher SL. Traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's Disease biomarkers: A systematic review of findings from amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.30.23298528. [PMID: 38077068 PMCID: PMC10705648 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.30.23298528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been discussed as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its association with dementia risk and earlier cognitive symptom onset. However, the mechanisms behind this relationship are unclear. Some studies have suggested TBI may increase pathological protein deposition in an AD-like pattern; others have failed to find such associations. This review covers literature that uses positron emission tomography (PET) of amyloid-β and/or tau to examine subjects with history of TBI who are at risk for AD due to advanced age. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on January 9, 2023, and 24 resulting citations met inclusion criteria. Common methodological concerns included small samples, limited clinical detail about subjects' TBI, recall bias due to reliance on self-reported TBI, and an inability to establish causation. For both amyloid and tau, results were widespread but inconsistent. The regions which showed the most compelling evidence for increased amyloid deposition were the cingulate gyrus, cuneus/precuneus, and parietal lobe. Evidence for increased tau was strongest in the medial temporal lobe, entorhinal cortex, precuneus, and frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. However, conflicting findings across most regions of interest in both amyloid- and tau-PET studies indicate the critical need for future work in expanded samples and with greater clinical detail to offer a clearer picture of the relationship between TBI and protein deposition in older subjects at risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M. Dybing
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Cecelia J. Vetter
- Ruth Lilly Medical Library, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Desarae A. Dempsey
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Soumilee Chaudhuri
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Keramidis I, McAllister BB, Bourbonnais J, Wang F, Isabel D, Rezaei E, Sansonetti R, Degagne P, Hamel JP, Nazari M, Inayat S, Dudley JC, Barbeau A, Froux L, Paquet ME, Godin AG, Mohajerani MH, De Koninck Y. Restoring neuronal chloride extrusion reverses cognitive decline linked to Alzheimer's disease mutations. Brain 2023; 146:4903-4915. [PMID: 37551444 PMCID: PMC10690023 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disinhibition during early stages of Alzheimer's disease is postulated to cause network dysfunction and hyperexcitability leading to cognitive deficits. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here we show that, in mouse lines carrying Alzheimer's disease-related mutations, a loss of neuronal membrane potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2, responsible for maintaining the robustness of GABAA-mediated inhibition, occurs pre-symptomatically in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. KCC2 downregulation was inversely correlated with the age-dependent increase in amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42). Acute administration of Aβ42 caused a downregulation of membrane KCC2. Loss of KCC2 resulted in impaired chloride homeostasis. Preventing the decrease in KCC2 using long term treatment with CLP290 protected against deterioration of learning and cortical hyperactivity. In addition, restoring KCC2, using short term CLP290 treatment, following the transporter reduction effectively reversed spatial memory deficits and social dysfunction, linking chloride dysregulation with Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive decline. These results reveal KCC2 hypofunction as a viable target for treatment of Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive decline; they confirm target engagement, where the therapeutic intervention takes place, and its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iason Keramidis
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Brendan B McAllister
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Julien Bourbonnais
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Feng Wang
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominique Isabel
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Edris Rezaei
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Romain Sansonetti
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Phil Degagne
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Justin P Hamel
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Mojtaba Nazari
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Samsoon Inayat
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Jordan C Dudley
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Annie Barbeau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Lionel Froux
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Paquet
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Bio-informatics, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Antoine G Godin
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Li J, Wu X, Tan X, Wang S, Qu R, Wu X, Chen Z, Wang Z, Chen G. The efficacy and safety of anti-Aβ agents for delaying cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1257973. [PMID: 38020763 PMCID: PMC10661413 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1257973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of amyloid-β (Aβ) targeted therapies for delaying cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched to identify relevant studies published before January 18, 2023. Results We pooled 33,689 participants from 42 studies. The meta-analysis showed no difference between anti-Aβ drugs and placebo in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), and anti-Aβ drugs were associated with a high risk of adverse events [ADAS-Cog: MDs = -0.08 (-0.32 to 0.15), p = 0.4785; AEs: RR = 1.07 (1.02 to 1.11), p = 0.0014]. Monoclonal antibodies outperformed the placebo in delaying cognitive deterioration as measured by ADAS-Cog, Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), without increasing the risk of adverse events [ADAS-Cog: MDs = -0.55 (-0.89 to 0.21), p = 0.001; CDR-SB: MDs = -0.19 (-0.29 to -0.10), p < 0.0001; MMSE: MDs = 0.19 (0.00 to 0.39), p = 0.05; ADCS-ADL: MDs = 1.26 (0.84 to 1.68), p < 0.00001]. Intravenous immunoglobulin and γ-secretase modulators (GSM) increased cognitive decline in CDR-SB [MDs = 0.45 (0.17 to 0.74), p = 0.002], but had acceptable safety profiles in AD patients. γ-secretase inhibitors (GSI) increased cognitive decline in ADAS-Cog, and also in MMSE and ADCS-ADL. BACE-1 inhibitors aggravated cognitive deterioration in the outcome of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). GSI and BACE-1 inhibitors caused safety concerns. No evidence indicates active Aβ immunotherapy, MPAC, or tramiprosate have effects on cognitive function and tramiprosate is associated with serious adverse events. Conclusion Current evidence does not show that anti-Aβ drugs have an effect on cognitive performance in AD patients. However, monoclonal antibodies can delay cognitive decline in AD. Development of other types of anti-Aβ drugs should be cautious. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), identifier CRD42023391596.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shixin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruisi Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhouqing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yang Z, Sreenivasan K, Toledano Strom EN, Osse AML, Pasia LG, Cosme CG, Mugosa MRN, Chevalier EL, Ritter A, Miller JB, Cordes D, Cummings JL, Kinney JW. Clinical and biological relevance of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:190. [PMID: 37924152 PMCID: PMC10623866 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a tremendous need for identifying reliable blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) that are tied to the biological ATN (amyloid, tau and neurodegeneration) framework as well as clinical assessment and progression. METHODS One hundred forty-four elderly participants underwent 18F-AV45 positron emission tomography (PET) scan, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and blood sample collection. The composite standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was derived from 18F-AV45 PET to assess brain amyloid burden, and the hippocampal volume was determined from structural MRI scans. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), phosphorylated tau-181 (ptau-181), and neurofilament light (NfL) measured by single molecular array (SIMOA) technology were assessed with respect to ATN framework, genetic risk factor, age, clinical assessment, and future functional decline among the participants. RESULTS Among the three plasma markers, GFAP best discriminated participants stratified by clinical diagnosis and brain amyloid status. Age was strongly associated with NfL, followed by GFAP and ptau-181 at much weaker extent. Brain amyloid was strongly associated with plasma GFAP and ptau-181 and to a lesser extent with plasma NfL. Moderate association was observed between plasma markers. Hippocampal volume was weakly associated with all three markers. Elevated GFAP and ptau-181 were associated with worse cognition, and plasma GFAP was the most predictive of future functional decline. Combining GFAP and ptau-181 together was the best model to predict brain amyloid status across all participants (AUC = 0.86) or within cognitively impaired participants (AUC = 0.93); adding NfL as an additional predictor only had a marginal improvement. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that GFAP is of potential clinical utility in screening amyloid pathology and predicting future cognitive decline. GFAP, NfL, and ptau-181 were moderately associated with each other, with discrepant relevance to age, sex, and AD genetic risk, suggesting their relevant but differential roles for AD assessment. The combination of GFAP with ptau-181 provides an accurate model to predict brain amyloid status, with the superior performance of GFAP over ptau-181 when the prediction is limited to cognitively impaired participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshi Yang
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - Karthik Sreenivasan
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | | | | | - Celica Glenn Cosme
- Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Maya Rae N Mugosa
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Emma Léa Chevalier
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Aaron Ritter
- Hoag's Pickup Family Neurosciences Institute, Newport Beach, CA, USA
| | - Justin B Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Dietmar Cordes
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Cummings
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Pam Quirk Brain Health and Biomarker Laboratory, Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jefferson W Kinney
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Pam Quirk Brain Health and Biomarker Laboratory, Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Aron L, Qiu C, Ngian ZK, Liang M, Drake D, Choi J, Fernandez MA, Roche P, Bunting EL, Lacey EK, Hamplova SE, Yuan M, Wolfe MS, Bennett DA, Lee EA, Yankner BA. A neurodegeneration checkpoint mediated by REST protects against the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7030. [PMID: 37919281 PMCID: PMC10622455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many aging individuals accumulate the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) without evidence of cognitive decline. Here we describe an integrated neurodegeneration checkpoint response to early pathological changes that restricts further disease progression and preserves cognitive function. Checkpoint activation is mediated by the REST transcriptional repressor, which is induced in cognitively-intact aging humans and AD mouse models at the onset of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposition and tau accumulation. REST induction is mediated by the unfolded protein response together with β-catenin signaling. A consequence of this response is the targeting of REST to genes involved in key pathogenic pathways, resulting in downregulation of gamma secretase, tau kinases, and pro-apoptotic proteins. Deletion of REST in the 3xTg and J20 AD mouse models accelerates Aβ deposition and the accumulation of misfolded and phosphorylated tau, leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Conversely, viral-mediated overexpression of REST in the hippocampus suppresses Aβ and tau pathology. Thus, REST mediates a neurodegeneration checkpoint response with multiple molecular targets that may protect against the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liviu Aron
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chenxi Qiu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhen Kai Ngian
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marianna Liang
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Derek Drake
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jaejoon Choi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marty A Fernandez
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Perle Roche
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Emma L Bunting
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ella K Lacey
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sara E Hamplova
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Monlan Yuan
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael S Wolfe
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL60612, USA
| | - Eunjung A Lee
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bruce A Yankner
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Pagán CR, Arrotta K, Cunnignham Chilton R, Schmitter-Edgecombe M. Error monitoring in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: Cognitive correlates and relationship to measures of everyday function. Neuropsychology 2023; 37:933-942. [PMID: 36689394 PMCID: PMC10363240 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate error monitoring is important for successful completion of everyday tasks and compensatory strategy use. This study examined how error awareness is impacted in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) compared to cognitively healthy older adults (HOA). Cognitive correlates of error monitoring and relation to objective and self-reported measurement of everyday function were also evaluated. METHOD Twenty-four individuals with aMCI and 24 cognitively HOAs completed standardized cognitive measures (domains: attention, working memory, executive functioning, memory, language, visuospatial abilities); a computerized go-no-go paradigm task that evaluated error monitoring; a naturalistic, performance-based measure of everyday functioning (day-out-task; DOT); and self- and informant-report measures of everyday dysexecutive difficulties (DEX). RESULTS Participants with aMCI demonstrated significantly poorer error monitoring as compared to the HOA group (Cohen's d = 1.02). Working memory and executive functioning were significantly related to error monitoring for both groups. After accounting for age and global cognitive status, hierarchical regressions revealed error monitoring significantly predicted DOT total time (but not accuracy) as well as both self- and informant-report DEX scores. CONCLUSIONS Compared to HOAs, individuals with aMCI exhibited poorer conscious error awareness. Better error monitoring was associated with higher working memory and executive functioning abilities and predicted better everyday functioning. If individuals with aMCI experience difficulties recognizing performance inaccuracies, they will be unable to correct their errors, leading to mistakes in everyday task completion and difficulty implementing appropriate compensatory strategies. Findings suggest that error monitoring may be a potential target for intervention with individuals with aMCI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R. Pagán
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Kayela Arrotta
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Nemes S, Logan PE, Manchella MK, Mundada NS, Joie RL, Polsinelli AJ, Hammers DB, Koeppe RA, Foroud TM, Nudelman KN, Eloyan A, Iaccarino L, Dorsant-Ardón V, Taurone A, Maryanne Thangarajah, Dage JL, Aisen P, Grinberg LT, Jack CR, Kramer J, Kukull WA, Murray ME, Rumbaugh M, Soleimani-Meigooni DN, Toga A, Touroutoglou A, Vemuri P, Atri A, Day GS, Duara R, Graff-Radford NR, Honig LS, Jones DT, Masdeu J, Mendez MF, Musiek E, Onyike CU, Riddle M, Rogalski E, Salloway S, Sha SJ, Turner RS, Wingo TS, Womack KB, Wolk DA, Rabinovici GD, Carrillo MC, Dickerson BC, Apostolova LG. Sex and APOE ε4 carrier effects on atrophy, amyloid PET, and tau PET burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19 Suppl 9:S49-S63. [PMID: 37496307 PMCID: PMC10811272 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We used sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status as predictors of pathologic burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). METHODS We included baseline data from 77 cognitively normal (CN), 230 EOAD, and 70 EO non-Alzheimer's disease (EOnonAD) participants from the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS). We stratified each diagnostic group by males and females, then further subdivided each sex by APOE ε4 carrier status and compared imaging biomarkers in each stratification. Voxel-wise multiple linear regressions yielded statistical brain maps of gray matter density, amyloid, and tau PET burden. RESULTS EOAD females had greater amyloid and tau PET burdens than males. EOAD female APOE ε4 non-carriers had greater amyloid PET burdens and greater gray matter atrophy than female ε4 carriers. EOnonAD female ε4 non-carriers also had greater gray matter atrophy than female ε4 carriers. DISCUSSION The effects of sex and APOE ε4 must be considered when studying these populations. HIGHLIGHTS Novel analysis examining the effects of biological sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status on neuroimaging biomarkers among early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), early-onset non-AD (EOnonAD), and cognitively normal (CN) participants. Female sex is associated with greater pathology burden in the EOAD cohort compared to male sex. The effect of APOE ε4 carrier status on pathology burden was the most impactful in females across all cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Nemes
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Paige E. Logan
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Mohit K. Manchella
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, 47712, USA
| | - Nidhi S. Mundada
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Renaud La Joie
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Angelina J. Polsinelli
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202 USA
| | - Dustin B. Hammers
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Robert A. Koeppe
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Tatiana M. Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Kelly N. Nudelman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Ani Eloyan
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Leonardo Iaccarino
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Valérie Dorsant-Ardón
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Alexander Taurone
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Maryanne Thangarajah
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jeffery L. Dage
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Paul Aisen
- Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Clifford R. Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - Joel Kramer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Walter A. Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195, USA
| | - Melissa E. Murray
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Malia Rumbaugh
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | | | - Arthur Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Alexandra Touroutoglou
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Prashanthi Vemuri
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - Alireza Atri
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, 85315, USA
| | - Gregory S. Day
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mind/Brain Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Wein Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL, 33140, USA
| | | | - Lawrence S. Honig
- Taub Institute and Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - David T. Jones
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 559095, USA
| | - Joseph Masdeu
- Nantz National Alzheimer Center, Houston Methodist and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Mario F. Mendez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Erik Musiek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Chiadi U. Onyike
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Meghan Riddle
- Department of Neurology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02906, USA
| | - Emily Rogalski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
| | - Stephen Salloway
- Department of Neurology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02906, USA
| | - Sharon J. Sha
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Raymond S. Turner
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown Universit, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Thomas S. Wingo
- Department of Neurology and Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kyle B. Womack
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - David A. Wolk
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,19104, USA
| | - Gil D. Rabinovici
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Maria C. Carrillo
- Medical & Scientific Relations Division, Alzheimer’s Association, Chicago, Illinois, 60603, USA
| | - Bradford C. Dickerson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Liana G. Apostolova
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202 USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
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Narasimhan R, Gopalan M, Sikkandar MY, Alassaf A, AlMohimeed I, Alhussaini K, Aleid A, Sheik SB. Employing Deep-Learning Approach for the Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment Transitions through the Analysis of Digital Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8867. [PMID: 37960568 PMCID: PMC10647614 DOI: 10.3390/s23218867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the precursor to the advanced stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it is important to detect the transition to the MCI condition as early as possible. Trends in daily routines/activities provide a measurement of cognitive/functional status, particularly in older adults. In this study, activity data from longitudinal monitoring through in-home ambient sensors are leveraged in predicting the transition to the MCI stage at a future time point. The activity dataset from the Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH) includes measures representing various domains such as walk, sleep, etc. Each sensor-captured activity measure is constructed as a time series, and a variety of summary statistics is computed. The similarity between one individual's activity time series and that of the remaining individuals is also computed as distance measures. The long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network is trained with time series statistics and distance measures for the prediction modeling, and performance is evaluated by classification accuracy. The model outcomes are explained using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework. LSTM model trained using the time series statistics and distance measures outperforms other modeling scenarios, including baseline classifiers, with an overall prediction accuracy of 83.84%. SHAP values reveal that sleep-related features contribute the most to the prediction of the cognitive stage at the future time point, and this aligns with the findings in the literature. Findings from this study not only demonstrate that a practical, less expensive, longitudinal monitoring of older adults' activity routines can benefit immensely in modeling AD progression but also unveil the most contributing features that are medically applicable and meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaram Narasimhan
- Centre for Sensors and Process Control, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai 603103, India;
| | - Muthukumaran Gopalan
- Centre for Sensors and Process Control, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai 603103, India;
| | - Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ahmad Alassaf
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ibrahim AlMohimeed
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Khalid Alhussaini
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Adham Aleid
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (A.A.)
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Bitra VR, Challa SR, Adiukwu PC, Rapaka D. Tau trajectory in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from the connectome-based computational models. Brain Res Bull 2023; 203:110777. [PMID: 37813312 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an impairment of cognition and memory. Current research on connectomics have now related changes in the network organization in AD to the patterns of accumulation and spread of amyloid and tau, providing insights into the neurobiological mechanisms of the disease. In addition, network analysis and modeling focus on particular use of graphs to provide intuition into key organizational principles of brain structure, that stipulate how neural activity propagates along structural connections. The utility of connectome-based computational models aids in early predicting, tracking the progression of biomarker-directed AD neuropathology. In this article, we present a short review of tau trajectory, the connectome changes in tau pathology, and the dependent recent connectome-based computational modelling approaches for tau spreading, reproducing pragmatic findings, and developing significant novel tau targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veera Raghavulu Bitra
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, P/Bag-0022, Gaborone, Botswana.
| | - Siva Reddy Challa
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL 61614, USA; KVSR Siddartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Paul C Adiukwu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, P/Bag-0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Deepthi Rapaka
- Pharmacology Division, D.D.T. College of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
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Huang LK, Kuan YC, Lin HW, Hu CJ. Clinical trials of new drugs for Alzheimer disease: a 2020-2023 update. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:83. [PMID: 37784171 PMCID: PMC10544555 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, presenting a significant unmet medical need worldwide. The pathogenesis of AD involves various pathophysiological events, including the accumulation of amyloid and tau, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal injury. Clinical trials focusing on new drugs for AD were documented in 2020, but subsequent developments have emerged since then. Notably, the US-FDA has approved Aducanumab and Lecanemab, both antibodies targeting amyloid, marking the end of a nearly two-decade period without new AD drugs. In this comprehensive report, we review all trials listed in clinicaltrials.gov, elucidating their underlying mechanisms and study designs. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating numerous promising new drugs for AD. The main trends in these trials involve pathophysiology-based, disease-modifying therapies and the recruitment of participants in earlier stages of the disease. These trends underscore the significance of conducting fundamental research on pathophysiology, prevention, and intervention prior to the occurrence of brain damage caused by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kai Huang
- PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 291, Zhong Zheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Dementia Center and Department of Neurology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Kuan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Dementia Center and Department of Neurology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Wei Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 291, Zhong Zheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Dementia Center and Department of Neurology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Gicas KM, Honer WG, Petyuk VA, Wilson RS, Boyle PA, Leurgans SE, Schneider JA, De Jager PL, Bennett DA. Primacy and recency effects in verbal memory are differentially associated with post-mortem frontal cortex p-tau 217 and 202 levels in a mixed sample of community-dwelling older adults. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2023; 45:770-785. [PMID: 37440260 PMCID: PMC10787031 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2023.2232583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serial position effects in verbal memory are associated with in vivo fluid biomarkers and neuropathological outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To extend the biomarker literature, associations between serial position scores and postmortem levels of brain phosphorylated tau (p-tau) were examined, in the context of Braak stage of neurofibrillary tangle progression. METHOD Participants were 1091 community-dwelling adults (Mage = 80.2, 68.9% female) from the Rush University Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project who were non-demented at enrollment and followed for a mean of 9.2 years until death. The CERAD Word List Memory test administered at baseline and within 1 year of death was used to calculate serial position (primacy, recency) and total recall scores. Proteomic analyses quantified p-tau 217 and 202 from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex samples. Linear regressions assessed associations between cognitive scores and p-tau with Braak stage as a moderator. RESULTS Cognitive status proximal to death indicated 34.7% were unimpaired, 26.2% met criteria for MCI, and 39.0% for dementia. Better baseline primacy recall, but not recency recall, was associated with lower p-tau 217 levels across Braak stages. Delayed recall showed a similar pattern as primacy. There was no main effect of immediate recall, but an interaction with Braak stages indicated a negative association with p-tau 217 level only in Braak V-VI. Within 1 year of death, there were no main effects for cognitive scores; however, recency, immediate and delayed recall scores interacted with Braak stage showing better recall was associated with lower p-tau 217 only in Braak V-VI. No associations were observed with p-tau 202. CONCLUSIONS Primacy recall measured in non-demented adults may be sensitive to emergent tau phosphorylation that occurs in the earliest stages of AD. Serial position scores may complement the routinely used delayed recall score and p-tau biomarkers to detect preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Vladislav A Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Robert S Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Patricia A Boyle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sue E Leurgans
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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Hrybouski S, Das SR, Xie L, Wisse LEM, Kelley M, Lane J, Sherin M, DiCalogero M, Nasrallah I, Detre J, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Aging and Alzheimer's disease have dissociable effects on local and regional medial temporal lobe connectivity. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad245. [PMID: 37767219 PMCID: PMC10521906 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional disruption of the medial temporal lobe-dependent networks is thought to underlie episodic memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies revealed that the anterior medial temporal lobe is more vulnerable to pathological and neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, cognitive and structural imaging literature indicates posterior, as opposed to anterior, medial temporal lobe vulnerability in normal aging. However, the extent to which Alzheimer's and aging-related pathological processes relate to functional disruption of the medial temporal lobe-dependent brain networks is poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we examined functional connectivity alterations in the medial temporal lobe and its immediate functional neighbourhood-the Anterior-Temporal and Posterior-Medial brain networks-in normal agers, individuals with preclinical Alzheimer's disease and patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. In the Anterior-Temporal network and in the perirhinal cortex, in particular, we observed an inverted 'U-shaped' relationship between functional connectivity and Alzheimer's stage. According to our results, the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by increased functional connectivity between the perirhinal cortex and other regions of the medial temporal lobe, as well as between the anterior medial temporal lobe and its one-hop neighbours in the Anterior-Temporal system. This effect is no longer present in symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. Instead, patients with symptomatic Alzheimer's disease displayed reduced hippocampal connectivity within the medial temporal lobe as well as hypoconnectivity within the Posterior-Medial system. For normal aging, our results led to three main conclusions: (i) intra-network connectivity of both the Anterior-Temporal and Posterior-Medial networks declines with age; (ii) the anterior and posterior segments of the medial temporal lobe become increasingly decoupled from each other with advancing age; and (iii) the posterior subregions of the medial temporal lobe, especially the parahippocampal cortex, are more vulnerable to age-associated loss of function than their anterior counterparts. Together, the current results highlight evolving medial temporal lobe dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and indicate different neurobiological mechanisms of the medial temporal lobe network disruption in aging versus Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislau Hrybouski
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandhitsu R Das
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Melissa Kelley
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lane
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Monica Sherin
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael DiCalogero
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ilya Nasrallah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Detre
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Chen KT, Tesfay R, Koran MEI, Ouyang J, Shams S, Young CB, Davidzon G, Liang T, Khalighi M, Mormino E, Zaharchuk G. Generative Adversarial Network-Enhanced Ultra-Low-Dose [ 18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MRI in Aging and Neurodegenerative Populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1012-1019. [PMID: 37591771 PMCID: PMC10494955 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE With the utility of hybrid τ PET/MR imaging in the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, we investigated whether deep learning techniques can be used in enhancing ultra-low-dose [18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MR images to produce diagnostic-quality images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-four healthy aging participants and patients with neurodegenerative diseases were recruited for this study, and [18F]-PI-2620 τ PET/MR data were simultaneously acquired. A generative adversarial network was trained to enhance ultra-low-dose τ images, which were reconstructed from a random sampling of 1/20 (approximately 5% of original count level) of the original full-dose data. MR images were also used as additional input channels. Region-based analyses as well as a reader study were conducted to assess the image quality of the enhanced images compared with their full-dose counterparts. RESULTS The enhanced ultra-low-dose τ images showed apparent noise reduction compared with the ultra-low-dose images. The regional standard uptake value ratios showed that while, in general, there is an underestimation for both image types, especially in regions with higher uptake, when focusing on the healthy-but-amyloid-positive population (with relatively lower τ uptake), this bias was reduced in the enhanced ultra-low-dose images. The radiotracer uptake patterns in the enhanced images were read accurately compared with their full-dose counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The clinical readings of deep learning-enhanced ultra-low-dose τ PET images were consistent with those performed with full-dose imaging, suggesting the possibility of reducing the dose and enabling more frequent examinations for dementia monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Chen
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering (K.T.C.), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - R Tesfay
- Meharry Medical College (R.T.), Nashville, Tennessee
| | - M E I Koran
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - J Ouyang
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - S Shams
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - C B Young
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (C.B.Y., E.M.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Davidzon
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - T Liang
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - M Khalighi
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - E Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (C.B.Y., E.M.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - G Zaharchuk
- Department of Radiology (K.T.C., M.E.I.K., J.O., S.S., G.D., T.L., M.K., G.Z.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Khaled Y, Abdelhamid AA, Al-Mazroey H, Almannai AK, Fetais S, Al-Srami AS, Ahmed S, Al-Hajri N, Mustafa A, Chivese T, Djouhri L. Higher serum uric acid is associated with poorer cognitive performance in healthy middle-aged people: a cross-sectional study. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1701-1709. [PMID: 37330420 PMCID: PMC10504193 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Age-related cognitive impairment can occur many years before the onset of the clinical symptoms of dementia. Uric acid (UA), a metabolite of purine-rich foods, has been shown to be positively associated with improved cognitive function, but such association remains controversial. Moreover, most of the previous studies investigating the association included elderly participants with memory-related diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating whether serum UA (sUA) is associated with cognitive performance in healthy middle-aged individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a cohort of middle-aged individuals (40-60 years old) who participated in the Qatar Biobank. The participants had no memory-related diseases, schizophrenia, stroke, or brain damage. They were divided according to sUA level into a normal group (< 360 μmol/L) and a high group (≥ 360 μmol/L), and underwent an assessment of cognitive function using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Two cognitive function domains were assessed: (a) speed of reaction/reaction time and (b) short-term visual memory. The median age of the 931 participants included in the study was 48.0 years (IQR: 44.0, 53.0), of which 47.6% were male. Adjusted multivariable linear regression analyses showed that higher sUA is associated with poorer performance on the visual memory domain of cognitive function (β = - 6.87, 95% CI - 11.65 to - 2.10, P = 0.005), but not on the speed of reaction domain (β = - 55.16, 95% CI - 190.63 to 80.30, P = 0.424). Our findings support previous studies suggesting an inverse association between high sUA levels and cognitive function in elderly and extend the evidence for such a role to middle-aged participants. Further prospective studies are warranted to investigate the relationship between UA and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Khaled
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aya A Abdelhamid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hissa Al-Mazroey
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulrahman K Almannai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Fetais
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aisha S Al-Srami
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaima Ahmed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora Al-Hajri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman Mustafa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawanda Chivese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laiche Djouhri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Kamal F, Morrison C, Maranzano J, Zeighami Y, Dadar M. White Matter Hyperintensity Trajectories in Patients With Progressive and Stable Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neurology 2023; 101:e815-e824. [PMID: 37407262 PMCID: PMC10449435 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are pathologic brain changes that are associated with increased age and cognitive decline. However, the association of WMH burden with amyloid positivity and conversion to dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is unclear. The aim of this study was to expand on this research by examining whether change in WMH burden over time differs in amyloid-negative (Aβ-) and amyloid-positive (Aβ+) people with MCI who either remain stable or convert to dementia. To examine this question, we compared regional WMH burden in 4 groups: Aβ+ progressor, Aβ- progressor, Aβ+ stable, and Aβ- stable. METHODS Participants with MCI from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were included if they had APOE ɛ4 status and if amyloid measures were available to determine amyloid status (i.e., Aβ+, or Aβ-). Participants with a baseline diagnosis of MCI and who had APOE ɛ4 information and amyloid measures were included. An average of 5.7 follow-up time points per participant were included, with a total of 5,054 follow-up time points with a maximum follow-up duration of 13 years. Differences in total and regional WMH burden were examined using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS A total of 820 participants (55-90 years of age) were included in the study (Aβ+ progressor, n = 239; Aβ- progressor, n = 22; Aβ+ stable, n = 343; Aβ- stable, n = 216). People who were Aβ- stable exhibited reduced baseline WMH compared with Aβ+ progressors and people who were Aβ+ stable at all regions of interest (β belongs to 0.20-0.33, CI belongs to 0.03-0.49, p < 0.02), except deep WMH. When examining longitudinal results, compared with people who were Aβ- stable, all groups had steeper accumulation in WMH burden with Aβ+ progressors (β belongs to -0.03 to 0.06, CI belongs to -0.05 to 0.09, p < 0.01) having the largest increase (i.e., largest increase in WMH accumulation over time). DISCUSSION These results indicate that WMH accumulation contributes to conversion to dementia in older adults with MCI who are Aβ+ and Aβ-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Kamal
- From the Department of Psychiatry (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.), McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.); Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.M., J.M.), Faculty of Medicine, and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (C.M.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University; and Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada.
| | - Cassandra Morrison
- From the Department of Psychiatry (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.), McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.); Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.M., J.M.), Faculty of Medicine, and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (C.M.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University; and Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Josefina Maranzano
- From the Department of Psychiatry (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.), McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.); Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.M., J.M.), Faculty of Medicine, and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (C.M.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University; and Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Yashar Zeighami
- From the Department of Psychiatry (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.), McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.); Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.M., J.M.), Faculty of Medicine, and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (C.M.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University; and Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- From the Department of Psychiatry (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.), McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (F.K., Y.Z., M.D.); Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.M., J.M.), Faculty of Medicine, and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (C.M.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University; and Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada
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Ferreira NV, Bertola L, Santos IS, Goulart AC, Bittencourt MS, Barreto SM, Giatti L, Caramelli P, Pereira A, Lotufo PA, Bensenor IM, Suemoto CK. Association between carotid intima-media thickness and cognitive decline differs by race. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3528-3536. [PMID: 36825689 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and is associated with cognitive decline. Although carotid atherosclerosis is more frequent in White than in Black participants, little is known whether race modifies the association between cIMT and cognitive decline. METHODS In this longitudinal analysis of the ELSA-Brasil, we assessed cIMT using ultrasound and cognitive performance using different domain tests. We used linear mixed models, interaction analysis, and race stratified analyses. RESULTS Baseline high IMT values were associated with memory (p < 0.001), verbal fluency (p < 0.001), TMT-B (p < 0.001)), and global cognitive decline (p < 0.001). Race was an effect modifier in the association between IMT and global cognitive decline (0.043), with stronger association in White (p < 0.001) than in Black (p = 0.009) participants. DISCUSSION Baseline IMT was associated with global and domain-specific cognitive decline and race modified this relationship, with stronger associations in White participants. HIGHLIGHTS Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was associated with cognitive decline. cIMT and cognitive decline association was stronger in White than in Black participants. We used inverse probability weighting to address attrition bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Vidal Ferreira
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Adventist University of Sao Paulo, Engenheiro Coelho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Amazonia Adventist College, Benevides, Pará, Brazil
| | - Laiss Bertola
- Department of Psychiatry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Itamar S Santos
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio S Bittencourt
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luana Giatti
- School of Medicine and Clinical Hospital, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Behavioral and Cognitive Research Group, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pereira
- Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Andrade Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitario, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Division of Geriatrics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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50
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Cai W, Li L, Sang S, Pan X, Zhong C. Physiological Roles of β-amyloid in Regulating Synaptic Function: Implications for AD Pathophysiology. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1289-1308. [PMID: 36443453 PMCID: PMC10387033 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of endogenous amyloid-β (Aβ), which plays important role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), have not been paid enough attention. Here, we review the multiple physiological effects of Aβ, particularly in regulating synaptic transmission, and the possible mechanisms, in order to decipher the real characters of Aβ under both physiological and pathological conditions. Some worthy studies have shown that the deprivation of endogenous Aβ gives rise to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficiency, while the moderate elevation of this peptide enhances long term potentiation and leads to neuronal hyperexcitability. In this review, we provide a new view for understanding the role of Aβ in AD pathophysiology from the perspective of physiological meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Linxi Li
- Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shaoming Sang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chunjiu Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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