1
|
Shi R, Xiang S, Jia T, Robbins TW, Kang J, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Lin X, Sahakian BJ, Feng J. Investigating grey matter volumetric trajectories through the lifespan at the individual level. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5954. [PMID: 39009591 PMCID: PMC11251262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescents exhibit remarkable heterogeneity in the structural architecture of brain development. However, due to limited large-scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies, existing research has largely focused on population averages, and the neurobiological basis underlying individual heterogeneity remains poorly understood. Here we identify, using the IMAGEN adolescent cohort followed up over 9 years (14-23 y), three groups of adolescents characterized by distinct developmental patterns of whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV). Group 1 show continuously decreasing GMV associated with higher neurocognitive performances than the other two groups during adolescence. Group 2 exhibit a slower rate of GMV decrease and lower neurocognitive performances compared with Group 1, which was associated with epigenetic differences and greater environmental burden. Group 3 show increasing GMV and lower baseline neurocognitive performances due to a genetic variation. Using the UK Biobank, we show these differences may be attenuated in mid-to-late adulthood. Our study reveals clusters of adolescent neurodevelopment based on GMV and the potential long-term impact.
Collapse
Grants
- R01 DA049238 NIDA NIH HHS
- R01 MH085772 NIMH NIH HHS
- R56 AG058854 NIA NIH HHS
- U54 EB020403 NIBIB NIH HHS
- National Key R&D Program of China (No.2023YFE0199700 [to X.L.])
- the Medical Research Foundation and Medical Research Council (grants MR/R00465X/1 and MR/S020306/1 [to S.D.]), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded ENIGMA (grants 5U54EB020403-05 and 1R56AG058854-01 [to S.D.])
- NSFC grant 82150710554 and environMENTAL grant. Further support was provided by grants from: - the ANR (ANR-12-SAMA-0004, AAPG2019 - GeBra [to J.-L.M.]), the Eranet Neuron (AF12-NEUR0008-01 - WM2NA; and ANR-18-NEUR00002-01 - ADORe [to J.-L.M.]), the Fondation de France (00081242 [to J.-L.M.]), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (DPA20140629802 [to J.-L.M.]), the Mission Interministérielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA [to J.-L.M.]), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012 [to J.-L.M.]
- the Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant [to M.-L.P.M.]), the Fondation de l’Avenir (grant AP-RM-17-013 [to M.-L.P.M.])
- the Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau; the National Institutes of Health, Science Foundation Ireland (16/ERCD/3797 [to R.W.])
- the European Union-funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behaviour in normal brain function and psychopathology) (LSHM-CT- 2007-037286 [to G.S.]), the Horizon 2020 funded ERC Advanced Grant ‘STRATIFY’ (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) (695313 [to G.S.]), Human Brain Project (HBP SGA 2, 785907, and HBP SGA 3, 945539 [to G.S.]), the Medical Research Council Grant 'c-VEDA’ (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) (MR/N000390/1 [to G.S.]), the National Institute of Health (NIH) (R01DA049238 [to G.S.], A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the Bundesministeriumfür Bildung und Forschung (BMBF grants 01GS08152; 01EV0711 [to G.S.]; Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A, 01EE1406B; Forschungsnetz IMAC-Mind 01GL1745B [to G.S.]), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grants SM 80/7-2, SFB 940, TRR 265, NE 1383/14-1 [to G.S.])
- National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFA0709502 [to J.F.], No.2018YFC1312904 [to J.F.]),No.2019YFA0709502 [to J.F.], No.2018YFC1312904 [to J.F.]), Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (No.2018SHZDZX01 [to J.F.], ZJ Lab [to J.F.], and Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology [to J.F.]), the 111 Project (No.B18015 [to J.F.])
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runye Shi
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shitong Xiang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianye Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaolei Lin
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Huashan Institute of Medicine, Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duan X, Zheng Q, Liang L, Zhou L. Serum Exosomal miRNA-125b and miRNA-451a are Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Alzheimer's Diseases. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2024; 14:21-31. [PMID: 38618193 PMCID: PMC11012623 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s444567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the diagnostic value of serum-derived exosomal miRNAs and predict the roles of their target genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on the expression of miRNAs in AD patients. Methods We determined the relative concentration of exosomal miRNAs by High-throughput Second-generation Sequencing and real-time quantitative real-time PCR. Results 71 AD patients and 71 ND subjects were collected. The study demonstrated that hsa-miR-125b-1-3p, hsa-miR-193a-5p, hsa-miR-378a-3p, hsa-miR-378i and hsa-miR-451a are differentially expressed in the serum-derived exosomes of AD patients compared with healthy subjects. According to ROC analysis, hsa-miR-125b-1-3p has an AUC of 0.765 in the AD group compared to the healthy group with a sensitivity and specificity of 82.1-67.7%, respectively. Enrichment analysis of its target genes showed that they were related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway and nervous system-related pathways. And, hsa-miR-451a had an AUC of 0.728 that differentiated the AD group from the healthy group with a sensitivity and specificity of 67.9% and 72.6%, respectively. Enrichment analysis of its target genes showed a relationship with cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion The dysregulation of serum exosomal microRNAs in patients with AD may promote the diagnosis of AD. The target genes of miRNAs may be involved in the occurrence and development of AD through various pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihui Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Soares Martins T, Pelech S, Ferreira M, Pinho B, Leandro K, de Almeida LP, Breitling B, Hansen N, Esselmann H, Wiltfang J, da Cruz e Silva OAB, Henriques AG. Phosphoproteome Microarray Analysis of Extracellular Particles as a Tool to Explore Novel Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1584. [PMID: 38338863 PMCID: PMC10855802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation plays a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, impacting distinct processes such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide production and tau phosphorylation. Impaired phosphorylation events contribute to senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles' formation, two major histopathological hallmarks of AD. Blood-derived extracellular particles (bdEP) can represent a disease-related source of phosphobiomarker candidates, and hence, in this pilot study, bdEP of Control and AD cases were analyzed by a targeted phosphoproteomics approach using a high-density microarray that featured at least 1145 pan-specific and 913 phosphosite-specific antibodies. This approach, innovatively applied to bdEP, allowed the identification of 150 proteins whose expression levels and/or phosphorylation patterns were significantly altered across AD cases. Gene Ontology enrichment and Reactome pathway analysis unraveled potentially relevant molecular targets and disease-associated pathways, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed to highlight key targets. The discriminatory value of both the total proteome and the phosphoproteome was evaluated by univariate and multivariate approaches. This pilot experiment supports that bdEP are enriched in phosphotargets relevant in an AD context, holding value as peripheral biomarker candidates for disease diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Soares Martins
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
| | - Steven Pelech
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Kinexus Bioinformatics Corporation, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada
| | - Maria Ferreira
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
| | - Beatriz Pinho
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
| | - Kevin Leandro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- ViraVector–Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- ViraVector–Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Benedict Breitling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hermann Esselmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Odete A. B. da Cruz e Silva
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
| | - Ana Gabriela Henriques
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu M, Long S, Tao Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Z, Wang X, Chen W. The P38MAPK/ATF2 signaling pathway is involved in PND in mice. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:109-121. [PMID: 37973625 PMCID: PMC10786957 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the hippocampus contributes to the development of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). P38MAPK, a point of convergence for different signaling processes involved in inflammation, can be activated by various stresses. This study aims to investigate the role of the P38MAPK/ATF2 signaling pathway in the development of PND in mice. Aged C57BL/6 mice were subjected to tibial fracture surgery under isoflurane anesthesia to establish a PND animal model. The open field test was used to evaluate the locomotor activity of the mice. Neurocognitive function was assessed with the Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning test (FCT) on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7. The mice exhibited cognitive impairment accompanied by increased expression of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α), proapoptotic molecules (caspase-3, bax) and microglial activation in the hippocampus 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery. Treatment with SB239063 (a P38MAPK inhibitor) decreased the expression of proinflammatory factors, proapoptotic molecules and Iba-1 in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The number of surviving neurons was significantly increased. Inhibition of the P38MAPK/ATF2 signaling pathway attenuates hippocampal neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in aged mice with PND, thus improving the perioperative cognitive function of the mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Si Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yizhi Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhifa Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xueren Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang G, Hou P, Tu Y, Zheng J, Li P, Liu L. Activation of p38 MAPK hinders the reactivation of visual cortical plasticity in adult amblyopic mice. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109651. [PMID: 37748716 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling on reactivating visual cortical plasticity in adult amblyopic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reverse suture (RS), environment enrichment (EE), and combined with left intracerebroventricular injection of p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580, SB) or p38 MAPK agonist (dehydrocorydaline hydrochloride, DHC) were utilized to treat adult amblyopic mice with monocular deprivation (MD). The visual water task, visual cliff test, and Flash visual-evoked potential were used to measure the visual function. Then, Golgi staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess the reactivation of structural plasticity in adult amblyopic mice. Western blot and immunohistochemistry detected the expression of ATF2, PSD-95, p38 MAPK, and phospho-p38 MAPK in the left visual cortex. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was observed in the visual function in each pre-intervention group. Compared to pre-intervention, the visual acuity of deprived eyes was improved significantly, the impairment of visual depth perception was alleviated, and the P wave amplitude and C/I ratio were increased in the EE + RS, the EE + RS + SB, and the EE + RS + DMSO groups, but no significant difference was detected in the EE + RS + DHC group. Compared to EE + RS + DHC group, the density of dendritic spines was significantly higher, the synaptic density of the left visual cortex increased significantly, the length of the active synaptic zone increased, and the thickness of post-synaptic density (PSD) thickened in the left visual cortex of EE + RS, EE + RS + SB, and EE + RS + DMSO groups. And that, the protein expression of p-p38 MAPK increased while that of PSD-95 and ATF2 decreased significantly in the left visual cortex of the EE + RS + DHC group mice. CONCLUSION RS and EE intervention improved the visual function and synaptic plasticity of the visual cortex in adult amblyopic mice. However, activating p38 MAPK hinders the recovery of visual function by upregulating the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and decreasing the ATF2 protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Peixian Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanqiong Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinxiong Li
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shi R, Xiang S, Jia T, Robbins TW, Kang J, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Lin X, Sahakian BJ, Feng J. Structural neurodevelopment at the individual level - a life-course investigation using ABCD, IMAGEN and UK Biobank data. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.20.23295841. [PMID: 37790416 PMCID: PMC10543061 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.23295841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents exhibit remarkable heterogeneity in the structural architecture of brain development. However, due to the lack of large-scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies, existing research has largely focused on population averages and the neurobiological basis underlying individual heterogeneity remains poorly understood. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging from the IMAGEN cohort (n=1,543), we show that adolescents can be clustered into three groups defined by distinct developmental patterns of whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV). Genetic and epigenetic determinants of group clustering and long-term impacts of neurodevelopment in mid-to-late adulthood were investigated using data from the ABCD, IMAGEN and UK Biobank cohorts. Group 1, characterized by continuously decreasing GMV, showed generally the best neurocognitive performances during adolescence. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 exhibited a slower rate of GMV decrease and worsened neurocognitive development, which was associated with epigenetic changes and greater environmental burden. Further, Group 3 showed increasing GMV and delayed neurocognitive development during adolescence due to a genetic variation, while these disadvantages were attenuated in mid-to-late adulthood. In summary, our study revealed novel clusters of adolescent structural neurodevelopment and suggested that genetically-predicted delayed neurodevelopment has limited long-term effects on mental well-being and socio-economic outcomes later in life. Our results could inform future research on policy interventions aimed at reducing the financial and emotional burden of mental illness.
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang H, Kuang X, Zou Y, Zeng J, Du H, Tang H, Long C, Mao Y, Yu X, Wen C, Yan J, Shen H. MAP4K4 is involved in the neuronal development of retinal photoreceptors. Exp Eye Res 2023; 233:109524. [PMID: 37290629 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase-4 (MAP4K4) is a potential regulator of photoreceptor development. To investigate the mechanisms underlying MAP4K4 during the neuronal development of retinal photoreceptors, we generated knockout models of C57BL/6j mice in vivo and 661 W cells in vitro. Our findings revealed homozygous lethality and neural tube malformation in mice subjected to Map4k4 DNA ablation, providing evidence for the involvement of MAP4K4 in early stage embryonic neural formation. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the ablation of Map4k4 DNA led to the vulnerability of photoreceptor neurites during induced neuronal development. By monitoring transcriptional and protein variations in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related factors, we discovered an imbalance in neurogenesis-related factors in Map4k4 -/- cells. Specifically, MAP4K4 promotes jun proto-oncogene (c-JUN) phosphorylation and recruits other factors related to nerve growth, ultimately leading to the robust formation of photoreceptor neurites. These data suggest that MAP4K4 plays a decisive role in regulating the fate of retinal photoreceptors through molecular modulation and contributes to our understanding of vision formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412000, China
| | - Xielan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuxiu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jingshu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Han Du
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Han Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chongde Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chaojuan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang G, Tu Y, Hou P, Li P, Liu L. Regulatory role of the p38 MAPK/ATF2 signaling pathway in visual function and visual cortical plasticity in mice with monocular deprivation. Neurosci Lett 2023:137353. [PMID: 37393009 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) signaling in visual function impairment and visual cortical plasticity in mice with monocular deprivation (MD). METHODS Visual behavioral tests, including visual water task, visual cliff test, and flash visual evoked potential, were performed on each group. We studied the density of dendritic spines and the synaptic ultrastructure by Golgi staining and transmission electron microscope. We performed Western blot and immunohistochemistry and detected the expression of ATF2, PSD-95, p38 MAPK, and phosphor-p38 MAPK in the left visual cortex. RESULTS In the MD + SB group, the visual acuity in deprived eyes substantially improved, the impairment of visual depth perception was alleviated, and the P wave amplitude and C/I ratio increased. The density of dendritic spines and the numerical density of synapses increased significantly, the width of the synaptic cleft decreased significantly, and the length of the active synaptic zone and the thickness of post-synaptic density (PSD) increased substantially. The protein expression of phosphor-p38 MAPK decreased, whereas that of PSD-95 and ATF2 increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and negative feedback upregulated ATF2 expression, alleviated damage to visual function, and protected against synaptic plasticity in mice with MD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yanqiong Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peixian Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinxiong Li
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang T, Zhang Y, Chen L, Thomas ER, Yu W, Cheng B, Li X. The potential roles of ATF family in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114544. [PMID: 36934558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factors, ATFs, is a family of transcription factors that activate gene expression and transcription by recognizing and combining the cAMP response element binding proteins (CREB). It is present in various viruses as a cellular gene promoter. ATFs is involved in regulating the mammalian gene expression that is associated with various cell physiological processes. Therefore, ATFs play an important role in maintaining the intracellular homeostasis. ATF2 and ATF3 is mostly involved in mediating stress responses. ATF4 regulates the oxidative metabolism, which is associated with the survival of cells. ATF5 is presumed to regulate apoptosis, and ATF6 is involved in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). ATFs is actively studied in oncology. At present, there has been an increasing amount of research on ATFs for the treatment of neurological diseases. Here, we have focused on the different types of ATFs and their association with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The level of expression of different ATFs have a significant difference in AD patients when compared to healthy control. Recent studies have suggested that ATFs are implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, such as neuronal repair, maintenance of synaptic activity, maintenance of cell survival, inhibition of apoptosis, and regulation of stress responses. In this review, the potential role of ATFs for the treatment of AD has been highlighted. In addition, we have systematically reviewed the progress of research on ATFs in AD. This review will provide a basic and innovative understanding on the pathogenesis and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lixuan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | | | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen M, Liu Y, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Wang Z, Li X, Zhang W. Emerging roles of activating transcription factor (ATF) family members in tumourigenesis and immunity: Implications in cancer immunotherapy. Genes Dis 2022; 9:981-999. [PMID: 35685455 PMCID: PMC9170601 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factors, ATFs, are a group of bZIP transcription factors that act as homodimers or heterodimers with a range of other bZIP factors. In general, ATFs respond to extracellular signals, indicating their important roles in maintaining homeostasis. The ATF family includes ATF1, ATF2, ATF3, ATF4, ATF5, ATF6, and ATF7. Consistent with the diversity of cellular processes reported to be regulated by ATFs, the functions of ATFs are also diverse. ATFs play an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and inflammation-related pathological processes. The expression and phosphorylation status of ATFs are also related to neurodegenerative diseases and polycystic kidney disease. Various miRNAs target ATFs to regulate cancer proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, sensitivity and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Moreover, ATFs are necessary to maintain cell redox homeostasis. Therefore, deepening our understanding of the regulation and function of ATFs will provide insights into the basic regulatory mechanisms that influence how cells integrate extracellular and intracellular signals into genomic responses through transcription factors. Under pathological conditions, especially in cancer biology and response to treatment, the characterization of ATF dysfunction is important for understanding how to therapeutically utilize ATF2 or other pathways controlled by transcription factors. In this review, we will demonstrate how ATF1, ATF2, ATF3, ATF4, ATF5, ATF6, and ATF7 function in promoting or suppressing cancer development and identify their roles in tumour immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenling Zhang
- Corresponding author. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morejon-Garcia P, Keren B, Marcos-Alcalde I, Gomez-Puertas P, Mochel F, Lazo PA. Dysfunctional Homozygous VRK1-D263G Variant Impairs the Assembly of Cajal Bodies and DNA Damage Response in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2021; 7:e624. [PMID: 34504951 PMCID: PMC8422991 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives To conduct a genetic and molecular functional study of a family with members affected of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) of unknown origin and carrying a novel pathogenic vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) variant. Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 2 patients, and their parents diagnosed with HSP. The novel VRK1 variant was detected by whole-exome sequencing, molecularly modeled and biochemically characterized in kinase assays. Functionally, we studied the role of this VRK1 variant in DNA damage response and its effect on the assembly of Cajal bodies (CBs). Results We have identified a very rare homozygous variant VRK1-D263G with a neurologic phenotype associated with HSP and moderate intellectual disability. The molecular modeling of this VRK1 variant protein predicted an alteration in the folding of a loop that interferes with the access to the kinase catalytic site. The VRK1-D263G variant is kinase inactive and does not phosphorylate histones H2AX and H3, transcription factors activating transcription factor 2 and p53, coilin needed for assembly of CBs, and p53 binding protein 1, a DNA repair protein. Functionally, this VRK1 variant protein impairs CB formation and the DNA damage response. Discussion This report expands the neurologic spectrum of neuromotor syndromes associated with a new and rare VRK1 variant, representing a novel pathogenic participant in complicated HSP and demonstrates that CBs and the DNA damage response are impaired in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morejon-Garcia
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Iñigo Marcos-Alcalde
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Paulino Gomez-Puertas
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Pedro A Lazo
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) (P.M.-G., P.A.L.), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain; Genetics Department (B.K.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Molecular Modelling Group (I.M.-A.), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa". CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Research Institute (I.M.-A., P.G.-P.), School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain; and Sorbonne Université - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (F.M.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U-1127, CNRS-UMR 7225, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brown T, McElroy T, Simmons P, Walters H, Ntagwabira F, Wang J, Byrum SD, Allen AR. Cognitive impairment resulting from treatment with docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide. Brain Res 2021; 1760:147397. [PMID: 33705788 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and it is estimated that about 30% of newly diagnosed cancers in women will be breast cancers. While advancements in treating breast cancer have led to an average 5-year survival rate of 90%, many survivors experience cognitive impairments as a result of chemotherapy treatment. Doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and docetaxel (TAC) are commonly administered as breast cancer treatments; however, there are few studies that have tested the cognitive effects of TAC. In the current study, 12-week-old female C57BL/6 mice received 4 weekly intraperitoneal injections of either saline or a combination therapy of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by 4 weekly docetaxel injections. Four weeks after the last injection, mice were tested for hippocampus-dependent cognitive performance in the Y-maze and the Morris water maze. During Y-maze testing, mice exposed to TAC exhibited impairment. During the water maze assessment, all animals were able to locate the visible and hidden platform locations. However, mice that received the TAC presented with a significant impairment in spatial memory retention on the probe trial days. TAC treatment significantly decreases the dendritic complexity of arborization in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus. In addition, comparative proteomic analysis revealed downregulation of proteins within key metabolic and signaling pathways associated with cognitive dysfunction, such as oxidative phosphorylation, ephrin signaling, and calcium signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taurean Brown
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Pilar Simmons
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Huddoy Walters
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Fabio Ntagwabira
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States
| | - Antiño R Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States; Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hussain I, Raza RZ, Ali S, Abrar M, Abbasi AA. Molecular signatures of selection on the human GLI3 associated central nervous system specific enhancers. Dev Genes Evol 2021; 231:21-32. [PMID: 33655411 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-021-00672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The zinc finger-containing transcription factor Gli3 is a key mediator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. In vertebrates, Gli3 has widespread expression pattern during early embryonic development. Along the anteroposterior axes of the central nervous system (CNS), dorsoventral neural pattern elaboration is achieved through Hh mediated spatio-temporal deployment of Gli3 transcripts. Previously, we and others uncovered a set of enhancers that mediate many of the known aspects of Gli3 expression during neurogenesis. However, the potential role of Gli3 associated enhancers in trait evolution has not yet received any significant attention. Here, we investigate the evolutionary patterns of Gli3 associated CNS-specific enhancers that have been reported so far. A subset of these enhancers has undergone an accelerated rate of molecular evolution in the human lineage in comparison to other primates/mammals. These fast-evolving enhancers have acquired human-specific changes in transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs). These human-unique changes within subset of Gli3 associated CNS-specific enhancers were further validated as single nucleotide polymorphisms through 1000 Genome Project Phase 3 data. This work not only infers the molecular evolutionary patterns of Gli3 associated enhancers but also provides clues for putative genetic basis of the population-specificity of gene expression regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Hussain
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rabail Zehra Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abrar
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ali Abbasi
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hachiya N, Sochocka M, Brzecka A, Shimizu T, Gąsiorowski K, Szczechowiak K, Leszek J. Nuclear Envelope and Nuclear Pore Complexes in Neurodegenerative Diseases-New Perspectives for Therapeutic Interventions. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:983-995. [PMID: 33067781 PMCID: PMC7878205 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transport of proteins, transcription factors, and other signaling molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm is necessary for signal transduction. The study of these transport phenomena is particularly challenging in neurons because of their highly polarized structure. The bidirectional exchange of molecular cargoes across the nuclear envelope (NE) occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are aqueous channels embedded in the nuclear envelope. The NE and NPCs regulate nuclear transport but are also emerging as relevant regulators of chromatin organization and gene expression. The alterations in nuclear transport are regularly identified in affected neurons associated with human neurodegenerative diseases. This review presents insights into the roles played by nuclear transport defects in neurodegenerative disease, focusing primarily on NE proteins and NPCs. The subcellular mislocalization of proteins might be a very desirable means of therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Hachiya
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marta Sochocka
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Takuto Shimizu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | | | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże L. Pasteura 10, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Parkinson's Disease Master Regulators on Substantia Nigra and Frontal Cortex and Their Use for Drug Repositioning. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:1517-1534. [PMID: 33211252 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is among the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. Available evidences support the view of PD as a complex disease, being the outcome of interactions between genetic and environmental factors. In face of diagnosis and therapy challenges, and the elusive PD etiology, the use of alternative methodological approaches for the elucidation of the disease pathophysiological mechanisms and proposal of novel potential therapeutic interventions has become increasingly necessary. In the present study, we first reconstructed the transcriptional regulatory networks (TN), centered on transcription factors (TF), of two brain regions affected in PD, the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the frontal cortex (FCtx). Then, we used case-control studies data from these regions to identify TFs working as master regulators (MR) of the disease, based on region-specific TNs. Twenty-nine regulatory units enriched with differentially expressed genes were identified for the SNc, and twenty for the FCtx, all of which were considered MR candidates for PD. Three consensus MR candidates were found for SNc and FCtx, namely ATF2, SLC30A9, and ZFP69B. In order to search for novel potential therapeutic interventions, we used these consensus MR candidate signatures as input to the Connectivity Map (CMap), a computational drug repositioning webtool. This analysis resulted in the identification of four drugs that reverse the expression pattern of all three MR consensus simultaneously, benperidol, harmaline, tubocurarine chloride, and vorinostat, thus suggested as novel potential PD therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yu Y, Hasegawa D, Chambers JK, Kojima K, Asada R, Johnson GS, Uchida K. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histopathologic Findings From a Standard Poodle With Neonatal Encephalopathy With Seizures. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:578936. [PMID: 33244473 PMCID: PMC7683776 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.578936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal encephalopathy with seizures (NEwS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern found in Standard Poodle puppies. The causal genetic variant for NEwS has been identified as a homozygous missense mutation in ATF2 (c.152T>G, p.Met51Arg), and a pathological cerebellar change has been reported. Magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced whole-brain size, dilated ventricles, developmental abnormalities of the white matter of the cerebrum, white matter signal abnormalities in the occipital lobe, and abnormal morphology of the cerebellum. Histopathology included previously unrecognized irregular neuronal migration in the subventricular zone around the lateral ventricles in the frontal lobe and white matter rarefaction especially at the level of the occipital lobe in the cerebrum in addition to the cerebellar cortical dysplasia that has been previously described. The findings of this case may highlight the critical role of ATF2 in neurodevelopmental processes in the canine brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Animal Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kojima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikako Asada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gary S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Islam ABMMK, Mohammad E, Khan MAAK. Aberration of the modulatory functions of intronic microRNA hsa-miR-933 on its host gene ATF2 results in type II diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disease development. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:34. [PMID: 32993798 PMCID: PMC7526404 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-00285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are ~ 22-nucleotide-long biological modifiers that act as the post-transcriptional modulator of gene expression. Some of them are identified to be embedded within the introns of protein-coding genes, these miRNAs are called the intronic miRNAs. Previous findings state that these intronic miRNAs are co-expressed with their host genes. This co-expression is necessary to maintain the robustness of the biological system. Till to date, only a few experiments are performed discretely to elucidate the functional relationship between few co-expressed intronic miRNAs and their associated host genes. RESULTS In this study, we have interpreted the underlying modulatory mechanisms of intronic miRNA hsa-miR-933 on its target host gene ATF2 and found that aberration can lead to several disease conditions. A protein-protein interaction network-based approach was adopted, and functional enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the significantly over-represented biological functions and pathways of the common targets. Our approach delineated that hsa-miR-933 might control the hyperglycemic condition and hyperinsulinism by regulating ATF2 target genes MAP4K4, PRKCE, PEA15, BDNF, PRKACB, and GNAS which can otherwise lead to the development of type II diabetes mellitus. Moreover, we showed that hsa-miR-933 can regulate a target of ATF2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), to modulate the optimal expression of ATF2 in neuron cells to render neuroprotection for the inhibition of neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our in silico model provides interesting resources for experimentations in a model organism or cell line for further validation. These findings may extend the common perception of gene expression analysis with new regulatory functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eusra Mohammad
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Current Affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Md. Abdullah-Al-Kamran Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Current Affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Narayan P, Reid S, Scotter EL, McGregor AL, Mehrabi NF, Singh-Bains MK, Glass M, Faull RLM, Snell RG, Dragunow M. Inconsistencies in histone acetylation patterns among different HD model systems and HD post-mortem brains. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105092. [PMID: 32979507 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene. Emerging evidence shows that additional epigenetic factors can modify disease phenotypes. Harnessing the ability of the epigenome to modify the disease for therapeutic purposes is therefore of interest. Epigenome modifiers, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), have improved pathology in a range of HD models. Yet in clinical trials, HDACi have failed to alleviate HD symptoms in patients. This study investigated potential reasons for the lack of translation of the therapeutic benefits of HDACi from lab to clinic. We analysed histone acetylation patterns of immuno-positive nuclei from brain sections and tissue microarrays from post-mortem human control and HD cases alongside several well-established HD models (OVT73 transgenic HD sheep, YAC128 mice, and an in vitro cell model expressing 97Q mutant huntingtin). Significant increases in histone H4 acetylation were observed in post-mortem HD cases, OVT73 transgenic HD sheep and in vitro models; these changes were absent in YAC128 mice. In addition, nuclear labelling for acetyl-histone H4 levels were inversely proportional to mutant huntingtin aggregate load in HD human cortex. Our data raise concerns regarding the utility of HDACi for the treatment of HD when regions of pathology exhibit already elevated histone acetylation patterns and emphasize the importance of searching for alternative epigenetic targets in future therapeutic strategies aiming to rescue HD phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritika Narayan
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Suzanne Reid
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Emma L Scotter
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Ailsa L McGregor
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Nasim F Mehrabi
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | | | - Michelle Glass
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Russell G Snell
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Mike Dragunow
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Complex diseases involve dynamic perturbations of pathophysiological processes during disease progression. Transcriptional programs underlying such perturbations are unknown in many diseases. Here, we present core transcriptional regulatory circuits underlying early and late perturbations in prion disease. We first identified cellular processes perturbed early and late using time-course gene expression data from three prion-infected mouse strains. We then built a transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) describing regulation of early and late processes. We found over-represented feed-forward loops (FFLs) comprising transcription factor (TF) pairs and target genes in the TRN. Using gene expression data of brain cell types, we further selected active FFLs where TF pairs and target genes were expressed in the same cell type and showed correlated temporal expression changes in the brain. We finally determined core transcriptional regulatory circuits by combining these active FFLs. These circuits provide insights into transcriptional programs for early and late pathophysiological processes in prion disease.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The high prevalence of diseases leading to brain injury disability makes it extremely relevant to study the various mechanisms of neurorehabilitation, among which neurogenesis has recently received a great attention. Over the past 20 years, there has been ample evidence for neurogenesis in the adult animal brain. Despite the fact that the prenatal development of the human brain has been thoroughly studied, the number of works on the process by which new neurons form in the adult human brain is not so large. This review devoted to the investigations of neurogenesis in the adult human brain includes data on changes in neurogenesis with age in neurodegenerative diseases, strokes, epilepsy, various addictions, traumatic injuries, and natural and drug regulation. The conclusion lists the issues on which there is an agreement or conflicting views in the literature and indicates the unanswered aspects of the problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Perminova
- V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - V A Zinserling
- V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Song Q, Fan C, Wang P, Li Y, Yang M, Yu SY. Hippocampal CA1 βCaMKII mediates neuroinflammatory responses via COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathways in depression. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:338. [PMID: 30526621 PMCID: PMC6286788 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation has recently emerged as a critical risk factor in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic strategies as means to target these inflammatory pathways for use in the treatment of depression remain unresolved. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the molecular events of neuroinflammation as related to its induction of depression-like behaviors. Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce depression-like behaviors in rats. The inflammatory factors and related proteins were verified by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assay. In vivo intracerebral injection of adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) in rats was used to overexpress or block the function of the β form of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (βCaMKII). In vivo intracerebroventricular injection of SB203580 was used to block p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Finally, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was verified by using enzyme-linked assay kit. Results The expression of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, which is responsible for production of the pro-inflammatory factor PGE2 and thus glial activation, was increased in the CA1 hippocampus in a rat model of depression. Further, the βCaMKII in CA1 was significantly upregulated in depressed rats, while antidepressant treatment downregulated this kinase. Overexpression of βCaMKII via infusion of a constructed AAV-βCaMKII into the CA1 region resulted in phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK and the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). These effects were accompanied by an enhanced activity of the COX-2/PGE2 pathway and effectively induced core symptoms of depression. Conversely, knockdown of βCaMKII within the CA1 region reversed these inflammation-related biochemical parameters and significantly rescued depression symptoms. Conclusion These results demonstrate that βCaMKII can act as a critical regulator in depression via activating neuroinflammatory pathways within the CA1 region. Moreover, this study provides new perspectives on molecular targets and drug therapies for future investigation in the treatment of depression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1377-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqin Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar V, Weng YC, Wu YC, Huang YT, Chou WH. PKCε phosphorylation regulates the mitochondrial translocation of ATF2 in ischemia-induced neurodegeneration. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:76. [PMID: 30497386 PMCID: PMC6267029 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global cerebral ischemia triggers neurodegeneration in the hippocampal CA1 region, but the mechanism of neuronal death remains elusive. The epsilon isoform of protein kinase C (PKCε) has recently been identified as a master switch that controls the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of ATF2 and the survival of melanoma cells. It is of interest to assess the role of PKCε–ATF2 signaling in neurodegeneration. Results Phosphorylation of ATF2 at Thr-52 was reduced in the hippocampus of PKCε null mice, suggesting that ATF2 is a phosphorylation substrate of PKCε. PKCε protein concentrations were significantly reduced 4, 24, 48 and 72 h after transient global cerebral ischemia, resulting in translocation of nuclear ATF2 to the mitochondria. Degenerating neurons staining positively with Fluoro-Jade C exhibited cytoplasmic ATF2. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that PKCε regulates phosphorylation and nuclear sequestration of ATF2 in hippocampal neurons during ischemia-induced neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Yi-Chinn Weng
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chieh Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Hai Chou
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. .,Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kucharczyk M, Kurek A, Pomierny B, Detka J, Papp M, Tota K, Budziszewska B. The reduced level of growth factors in an animal model of depression is accompanied by regulated necrosis in the frontal cortex but not in the hippocampus. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 94:121-133. [PMID: 29775875 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we asked if the different types of stress alter neuronal plasticity markers distinctively in the frontal cortex (FCx) and in the hippocampus (Hp). To do so, we implemented various stress regimens to analyze changes evoked in these rat brain structures. We utilized several molecular techniques, including western blot, ELISA, quantitative RT-PCR, and various biochemical assays, to examine a range of proteins and subjected rats to behavioral tests to evaluate potential maladaptive alterations. A decrease in the level of growth factors in the FCx was accompanied by changes suggesting damage of this structure in the manner of regulated necrosis, while the Hp appeared to be protected. The observed changes in the brain region-specific alterations in neurotrophin processing may also depend on the period of life, in which an animal experiences stress and the duration of the stressful stimuli. We conclude that chronic stress during pregnancy can result in serious alterations in the functioning of the FCx of the progeny, facilitating the development of depressive behavior later in life. We also suggest that the altered energy metabolism may redirect pro-NGF/p75NTR/ATF2 signaling in the cortical neurons towards cellular death resembling regulated necrosis, rather than apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Kurek
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartosz Pomierny
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Detka
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Papp
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tota
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bogusława Budziszewska
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vargas DM, De Bastiani MA, Zimmer ER, Klamt F. Alzheimer's disease master regulators analysis: search for potential molecular targets and drug repositioning candidates. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2018; 10:59. [PMID: 29935546 PMCID: PMC6015462 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial and complex neuropathology that involves impairment of many intricate molecular mechanisms. Despite recent advances, AD pathophysiological characterization remains incomplete, which hampers the development of effective treatments. In fact, currently, there are no effective pharmacological treatments for AD. Integrative strategies such as transcription regulatory network and master regulator analyses exemplify promising new approaches to study complex diseases and may help in the identification of potential pharmacological targets. Methods In this study, we used transcription regulatory network and master regulator analyses on transcriptomic data of human hippocampus to identify transcription factors (TFs) that can potentially act as master regulators in AD. All expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database using the GEOquery package. A normal hippocampus transcription factor-centered regulatory network was reconstructed using the ARACNe algorithm. Master regulator analysis and two-tail gene set enrichment analysis were employed to evaluate the inferred regulatory units in AD case-control studies. Finally, we used a connectivity map adaptation to prospect new potential therapeutic interventions by drug repurposing. Results We identified TFs with already reported involvement in AD, such as ATF2 and PARK2, as well as possible new targets for future investigations, such as CNOT7, CSRNP2, SLC30A9, and TSC22D1. Furthermore, Connectivity Map Analysis adaptation suggested the repositioning of six FDA-approved drugs that can potentially modulate master regulator candidate regulatory units (Cefuroxime, Cyproterone, Dydrogesterone, Metrizamide, Trimethadione, and Vorinostat). Conclusions Using a transcription factor-centered regulatory network reconstruction we were able to identify several potential molecular targets and six drug candidates for repositioning in AD. Our study provides further support for the use of bioinformatics tools as exploratory strategies in neurodegenerative diseases research, and also provides new perspectives on molecular targets and drug therapies for future investigation and validation in AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13195-018-0394-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D M Vargas
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Institute of Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - M A De Bastiani
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Institute of Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - E R Zimmer
- Pharmacology Department, Institute of Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.,Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - F Klamt
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Institute of Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.,National Science Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nguyen T, Li GE, Chen H, Cranfield CG, McGrath KC, Gorrie CA. Maternal E-Cigarette Exposure Results in Cognitive and Epigenetic Alterations in Offspring in a Mouse Model. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:601-611. [PMID: 29863869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is on the rise worldwide and is particularly attractive to young people and as a smoking substitute by pregnant woman. There is a perception in pregnant women and women of child-bearing age that the use of e-cigarettes (vaping) is safer than smoking tobacco cigarettes during pregnancy. However, there is little evidence to support this perception. Here, we examined the offspring from mouse dams that had been exposed during and after pregnancy to ambient air (sham) ( n = 8), e-cigarette aerosols with nicotine ( n = 8), or e-cigarette aerosols without nicotine ( n = 8). Offspring underwent cognitive testing at 12 weeks of age and epigenetic testing of brain tissues at 1 day, 20 days, and 13 weeks after birth. The findings showed deficits in short-term memory, reduced anxiety, and hyperactivity in offspring following maternal e-cigarette exposure using the novel object recognition and elevated plus maze tests. In addition, global DNA methylation was increased in the brains of offspring soon after birth. Using a quantitative-PCR array specific to chromatin modification enzymes on genomic DNA and histones,13 key genes were identified to be significantly altered in the offspring brains from the e-cigarette groups compared to the nonexposed groups. The changes to genes Aurka, Aurkb, Aurkc, Kdm5c, Kdm6b, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Atf2, all associated with modulating neurological activity, were validated using RT-qPCR. In conclusion, in a mouse model, maternal exposure to e-cigarette aerosols resulted in both cognitive and epigenetic changes in offspring. This suggests that the use of e-cigarettes during pregnancy may have hitherto undetected neurological consequences on newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Nguyen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Gerard E Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Charles G Cranfield
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Kristine C McGrath
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Catherine A Gorrie
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Karyopherin α-3 is a key protein in the pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 controlling the nuclear localization of ataxin-3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2624-E2633. [PMID: 29476013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716071115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG expansion in the ATXN3 gene leading to a polyglutamine expansion in the ataxin-3 protein. The nuclear presence and aggregation of expanded ataxin-3 are critical steps in disease pathogenesis. To identify novel therapeutic targets, we investigated the nucleocytoplasmic transport system by screening a collection of importins and exportins that potentially modulate this nuclear localization. Using cell, Drosophila, and mouse models, we focused on three transport proteins, namely, CRM1, IPO13, KPNA3, and their respective Drosophila orthologs Emb, Cdm, and Kap-α3. While overexpression of CRM1/Emb demonstrated positive effects in Drosophila, KPNA3/Kap-α3 emerged as the most promising target, as knockdown via multiple RNAi lines demonstrated its ability to shuttle both truncated and full-length expanded ataxin-3, rescue neurodegeneration, restore photoreceptor formation, and reduce aggregation. Furthermore, KPNA3 knockout in SCA3 mice resulted in an amelioration of molecular and behavioral disturbances such as total activity, anxiety, and gait. Since KPNA3 is known to function as an import protein and recognize nuclear localization signals (NLSs), this work unites ataxin-3 structure to the nuclear pore machinery and provides a link between karyopherins, NLS signals, and polyglutamine disease, as well as demonstrates that KPNA3 is a key player in the pathogenesis of SCA3.
Collapse
|
27
|
Watson G, Ronai ZA, Lau E. ATF2, a paradigm of the multifaceted regulation of transcription factors in biology and disease. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:347-357. [PMID: 28212892 PMCID: PMC5457671 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Stringent transcriptional regulation is crucial for normal cellular biology and organismal development. Perturbations in the proper regulation of transcription factors can result in numerous pathologies, including cancer. Thus, understanding how transcription factors are regulated and how they are dysregulated in disease states is key to the therapeutic targeting of these factors and/or the pathways that they regulate. Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) has been studied in a number of developmental and pathological conditions. Recent findings have shed light on the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulatory mechanisms that influence ATF2 function, and thus, the transcriptional programs coordinated by ATF2. Given our current knowledge of its multiple levels of regulation and function, ATF2 represents a paradigm for the mechanistic complexity that can regulate transcription factor function. Thus, increasing our understanding of the regulation and function of ATF2 will provide insights into fundamental regulatory mechanisms that influence how cells integrate extracellular and intracellular signals into a genomic response through transcription factors. Characterization of ATF2 dysfunction in the context of pathological conditions, particularly in cancer biology and response to therapy, will be important in understanding how pathways controlled by ATF2 or other transcription factors might be therapeutically exploited. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently known upstream regulators and downstream targets of ATF2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Watson
- Department of Tumor Biology and Program in Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Eric Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology and Program in Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mitochondrial ATF2 translocation contributes to apoptosis induction and BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma through the interaction of Bim with VDAC1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:36338-53. [PMID: 26462148 PMCID: PMC4742181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitochondrial accumulation of ATF2 is involved in tumor suppressor activities via cytochrome c release in melanoma cells. However, the signaling pathways that connect mitochondrial ATF2 accumulation and cytochrome c release are not well documented. METHODS Several melanoma cell lines, B16F10, K1735M2, A375 and A375-R1, were treated with paclitaxel and vemurafenib to test the function of mitochondrial ATF2 and its connection to Bim and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). Immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to investigate the functional interaction between the involved proteins. VDAC1 oligomerization was evaluated using an EGS-based crosslinking assay. RESULTS The expression and migration of ATF2 to the mitochondria accounted for paclitaxel stimuli and acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Mitochondrial ATF2 facilitated Bim stabilization through the inhibition of its degradation by the proteasome, thereby promoting cytochrome c release and inducing apoptosis in B16F10 and A375 cells. Studies using B16F10 and A375 cells genetically modified for ATF2 indicated that mitochondrial ATF2 was able to dissociate Bim from the Mcl-1/Bim complex to trigger VDAC1 oligomerization. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that Bim interacts with VDAC1, and this interaction was remarkably enhanced during apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results reveal that mitochondrial ATF2 is associated with the induction of apoptosis and BRAF inhibitor resistance through Bim activation, which might suggest potential novel therapies for the targeted induction of apoptosis in melanoma therapy.
Collapse
|
29
|
Rauch AK, Rosskothen-Kuhl N, Illing RB. Counter-regulation of the AP-1 monomers pATF2 and Fos: Molecular readjustment of brainstem neurons in hearing and deaf adult rats after electrical intracochlear stimulation. Neuroscience 2016; 313:184-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
30
|
Bengoa-Vergniory N, Gorroño-Etxebarria I, González-Salazar I, Kypta RM. A switch from canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling mediates early differentiation of human neural stem cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:3196-208. [PMID: 25100239 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential for neurogenesis but less is known about β-catenin-independent Wnt signals. We show here that Wnt/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling drives differentiation of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells. Neuronal differentiation was accompanied by a reduction in β-catenin/Tcf-dependent transcription and target gene expression, increased levels and/or phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), cyclic AMP response element-binding protein, and c-Jun, and increased AP-1-dependent transcription. Inhibition of Wnt secretion using the porcupine inhibitors IWP-2 and Wnt-C59 blocked neuronal differentiation, while activation or inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling had no effect. Neuronal differentiation increased expression of several Wnt genes, including WNT3A, silencing of which reduced differentiation. Addition of recombinant Wnt-3a to cells treated with IWP-2 or Wnt-C59 increased AP-1 levels and restored neuronal differentiation. The effects of Wnt-3a could not be blocked by addition of Dkk-1 or IWR-1, suggesting the involvement of noncanonical signaling. Consistent with this, restoration of neuronal differentiation by Wnt-3a was reduced by inhibition of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and by gene silencing of ATF2. Together, these observations suggest that β-catenin-independent Wnt signals promote neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation in a signaling pathway involving Wnt-3a, JNK, and ATF2.
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang Q, Du X, He X, Yu Q, Hu K, Breitwieser W, Shen Q, Ma S, Li M. JNK-mediated activation of ATF2 contributes to dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2015; 277:296-304. [PMID: 26515688 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun pathway is a known critical regulator of dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is considered a potential target for neuroprotective therapy. However, whether JNK is activated within dopaminergic neurons remains controversial, and whether JNK acts through downstream effectors other than c-Jun to promote dopaminergic neuronal death remains unclear. In this study, we confirm that JNK but not p38 is activated in dopaminergic neurons after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxication. Furthermore, within the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in MPTP-treated mice, JNK2/3 phosphorylates threonine 69 (Thr69) of Activating transcription factor-2 (ATF2), a transcription factor of the ATF/CREB family, whereas the phosphorylation of Thr71 is constitutive and remains unchanged. The increased phosphorylation of ATF2 on Thr69 by JNK in the MPTP mouse model suggests a functional relationship between the transcriptional activation of ATF2 and dopaminergic neuron death. By using dopaminergic neuron-specific conditional ATF2 mutant mice, we found that either partial or complete deletion of the ATF2 DNA-binding domain in dopaminergic neurons markedly alleviates the MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration, indicating that the activation of ATF2 plays a detrimental role in neuropathogenesis in PD. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that JNK-mediated ATF2 activation contributes to dopaminergic neuronal death in an MPTP model of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wolfgang Breitwieser
- Cell Regulation Department, CRUK Manchester Institute, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Qingyu Shen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Mingtao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
The regulatory role of activating transcription factor 2 in inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:950472. [PMID: 25049453 PMCID: PMC4090481 DOI: 10.1155/2014/950472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins and is widely distributed in tissues including the liver, lung, spleen, and kidney. Like c-Jun and c-Fos, ATF2 responds to stress-related stimuli and may thereby influence cell proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, neurological development and function, and skeletal remodeling. Recent studies clarify the regulatory role of ATF2 in inflammation and describe potential inhibitors of this protein. In this paper, we summarize the properties and functions of ATF2 and explore potential applications of ATF2 inhibitors as tools for research and for the development of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
|
33
|
Li H, Chen L, Guo Z, Sang N, Li G. In vivo screening to determine neurological hazards of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 225-226:46-53. [PMID: 22621880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
NO(2) is a well-known indoor and outdoor pollutant that may cause adverse health problems. Recently, accumulating but extremely limited evidences show that NO(2) possibly express neurotoxicity and is responsible for various neurological disorders. In the present study, neurological hazard of NO(2) and possible mechanisms were determined in rat pallium following a repetitive inhalation exposure with various concentrations (5, 10 and 20mg/m(3)). After 7-day exposure (6h/day), observable adverse effects were induced encompassing decreased ratio of brain to body weight, mild brain pathology, increased neuronal apoptosis, altered antioxidants (Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GPx and NO) activity and increasing formation of PCO. NO(2) inhalation also induced augment of oncogenes (c-fos, c-jun) levels, and deregulation of apoptosis-related genes (p53, bax and bcl-2) expression. With all above data, the present report provided essential information for the characterization of the neurotoxic hazard of NO(2) and related mechanisms, which is required in response to the general concern about the vulnerability of the neurological system to it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lau E, Ronai ZA. ATF2 - at the crossroad of nuclear and cytosolic functions. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:2815-24. [PMID: 22685333 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.095000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of transcription factors have been shown to elicit oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities, depending on the tissue and cell context. Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2; also known as cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2) has oncogenic activities in melanoma and tumor suppressor activities in non-malignant skin tumors and breast cancer. Recent work has shown that the opposing functions of ATF2 are associated with its subcellular localization. In the nucleus, ATF2 contributes to global transcription and the DNA damage response, in addition to specific transcriptional activities that are related to cell development, proliferation and death. ATF2 can also translocate to the cytosol, primarily following exposure to severe genotoxic stress, where it impairs mitochondrial membrane potential and promotes mitochondrial-based cell death. Notably, phosphorylation of ATF2 by the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C (PKCε) is the master switch that controls its subcellular localization and function. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the regulation and function of ATF2 in both subcellular compartments. This mechanism of control of a non-genetically modified transcription factor represents a novel paradigm for 'oncogene addiction'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lau
- Signal Transduction Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kurz A, Double KL, Lastres-Becker I, Tozzi A, Tantucci M, Bockhart V, Bonin M, García-Arencibia M, Nuber S, Schlaudraff F, Liss B, Fernández-Ruiz J, Gerlach M, Wüllner U, Lüddens H, Calabresi P, Auburger G, Gispert S. A53T-alpha-synuclein overexpression impairs dopamine signaling and striatal synaptic plasticity in old mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11464. [PMID: 20628651 PMCID: PMC2898885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder at old age, can be caused by elevated expression or the A53T missense mutation of the presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (SNCA). PD is characterized pathologically by the preferential vulnerability of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal projection neurons. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we used two mouse lines overexpressing human A53T-SNCA and studied striatal dysfunction in the absence of neurodegeneration to understand early disease mechanisms. To characterize the progression, we employed young adult as well as old mice. Analysis of striatal neurotransmitter content demonstrated that dopamine (DA) levels correlated directly with the level of expression of SNCA, an observation also made in SNCA-deficient (knockout, KO) mice. However, the elevated DA levels in the striatum of old A53T-SNCA overexpressing mice may not be transmitted appropriately, in view of three observations. First, a transcriptional downregulation of the extraneural DA degradation enzyme catechol-ortho-methytransferase (COMT) was found. Second, an upregulation of DA receptors was detected by immunoblots and autoradiography. Third, extensive transcriptome studies via microarrays and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) of altered transcript levels of the DA-inducible genes Atf2, Cb1, Freq, Homer1 and Pde7b indicated a progressive and genotype-dependent reduction in the postsynaptic DA response. As a functional consequence, long term depression (LTD) was absent in corticostriatal slices from old transgenic mice. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, the dysfunctional neurotransmission and impaired synaptic plasticity seen in the A53T-SNCA overexpressing mice reflect early changes within the basal ganglia prior to frank neurodegeneration. As a model of preclinical stages of PD, such insights may help to develop neuroprotective therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kurz
- Department of Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kay L. Double
- Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Alessandro Tozzi
- Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
- Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S.-C.E.R.C., European Brain Research Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Tantucci
- Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vanessa Bockhart
- Molecular Psychopharmacology, Department of Psychiatry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Bonin
- Department Medical Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moisés García-Arencibia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)”, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silke Nuber
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falk Schlaudraff
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgit Liss
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Javier Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)”, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manfred Gerlach
- Laboratory for Clinical Neurochemistry, Department Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Bayerische Julius-Maximilian-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ullrich Wüllner
- Department of Neurology, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hartmut Lüddens
- Molecular Psychopharmacology, Department of Psychiatry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
- Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S.-C.E.R.C., European Brain Research Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Georg Auburger
- Department of Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Suzana Gispert
- Department of Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
High-content analysis (HCA) combines automated microscopy and automated image analysis to quantify complex cellular anatomy and biochemistry objectively, accurately and quickly. High-content assays that are applicable to neuroscience include those that can quantify various aspects of dendritic trees, protein aggregation, transcription factor translocation, neurotransmitter receptor internalization, neuron and synapse number, cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. The data that are generated by HCA are rich and multiplexed. HCA thus provides a powerful high-throughput tool for neuroscientists.
Collapse
|
37
|
Waldvogel HJ, Bullock JY, Synek BJ, Curtis MA, van Roon-Mom WMC, Faull RLM. The collection and processing of human brain tissue for research. Cell Tissue Bank 2008; 9:169-79. [PMID: 18357514 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-008-9068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To further understand the neuroanatomy, neurochemistry and neuropathology of the normal and diseased human brain, it is essential to have access to human brain tissue where the biological and chemical nature of the tissue is optimally preserved. We have established a human brain bank where brain tissue is optimally processed and stored in order to provide a resource to facilitate neuroscience research of the human brain in health and disease. A donor programme has been established in consultation with the community to provide for the post-mortem donation of brain tissue to the brain bank. We are using this resource of human brain tissue to further investigate the basis of normal neuronal functioning in the human brain as well as the mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases. We have established a protocol for the preservation of post-mortem adult human brain tissue firstly by snap-freezing unfixed brain tissue and secondly by chemical fixation and then storage of this tissue at -80 degrees C in a human brain bank. Several research techniques such as receptor autoradiography, DNA and RNA analysis, are carried out on the unfixed tissue and immunohistochemical and histological analysis is carried out on the fixed human tissue. Comparison of tissue from normal control cases and from cases with neurodegenerative disorders is carried out in order to document the changes that occur in the brain in these disorders and to further investigate the underlying pathogenesis of these devastating neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Waldvogel
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Curtis MA, Faull RLM, Eriksson PS. The effect of neurodegenerative diseases on the subventricular zone. Nat Rev Neurosci 2007; 8:712-23. [PMID: 17704813 DOI: 10.1038/nrn2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
During brain development, one of the most important structures is the subventricular zone (SVZ), from which most neurons are generated. In adulthood the SVZ maintains a pool of progenitor cells that continuously replace neurons in the olfactory bulb. Neurodegenerative diseases induce a substantial upregulation or downregulation of SVZ progenitor cell proliferation, depending on the type of disorder. Far from being a dormant layer, the SVZ responds to neurodegenerative disease in a way that makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurice A Curtis
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology at Sahlgrenska Academy, Medicinaregat 11, Box 432, s-40530 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chu CT, Plowey ED, Wang Y, Patel V, Jordan-Sciutto KL. Location, location, location: altered transcription factor trafficking in neurodegeneration. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2007; 66:873-83. [PMID: 17917581 PMCID: PMC2220049 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e318156a3d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons may be particularly sensitive to disruptions in transcription factor trafficking. Survival and injury signals must traverse dendrites or axons, in addition to soma, to affect nuclear transcriptional responses. Transcription factors exhibit continued nucleocytoplasmic shuttling; the predominant localization is regulated by binding to anchoring proteins that mask nuclear localization/export signals and/or target the factor for degradation. Two functional groups of karyopherins, importins and exportins, mediate RanGTPase-dependent transport through the nuclear pore. A growing number of recent studies, in Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Lewy body diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis, implicate aberrant cytoplasmic localization of transcription factors and their regulatory kinases in degenerating neurons. Potential mechanisms include impaired nuclear import, enhanced export, suppression of degradation, and sequestration in protein aggregates or organelles and may reflect unmasking of alternative cytoplasmic functions, both physiologic and pathologic. Some "nuclear" factors also function in mitochondria, and importins are also involved in axonal protein trafficking. Detrimental consequences of a decreased nuclear to cytoplasmic balance include suppression of neuroprotective transcription mediated by cAMP- and electrophile/antioxidant-response elements and gain of toxic cytoplasmic effects. Studying the pathophysiologic mechanisms regulating transcription factor localization should facilitate strategies to bypass deficits and restore adaptive neuroprotective transcriptional responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
1. In recent decades evidence has accumulated demonstrating the birth and functional integration of new neurons in specific regions of the adult mammalian brain, including the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. 2. Studies in a variety of models have revealed genetic, environmental and pharmacological factors that regulate adult neurogenesis. The present review examines some of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that could be mediating these regulatory effects in both the normal and dysfunctional brain. 3. The dysregulation of adult neurogenesis may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as psychiatric disorders such as depression. Recent evidence supports this idea and, furthermore, also indicates that factors promoting neurogenesis can modify the onset and progression of specific brain disorders, including Huntington's disease and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Grote
- University Laboratory of Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vogel J, Weigand MA, Behrens A, Wagner EF, Schorpp-Kistner M, Zimmermann M, Schenkel J. Infarct volume after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) can be reduced by attenuation but not by inactivation of c-Jun action. Brain Res 2007; 1151:12-9. [PMID: 17428453 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Stroke therapy aims to save penumbral tissue from apoptosis that is activated in response to the ischemic injury. Since the c-Jun transcription factor plays a crucial role in promoting apoptosis, inhibition of its activation might reduce the final infarct size and thus increase functional outcome. To test this hypothesis we made use of four genetically modified mouse lines influencing the c-Jun pathway at various steps. Upon transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 min and 24 h of reperfusion, infarct volume and number of ATF-2-, TUNEL- and cleaved Caspase-3-positive cells were determined in conditional c-Jun knock-out mice (cond. c-Jun), mice overexpressing JunB (JunBtg), mice lacking the phosphoacceptor serines 63 and 73 of c-Jun (JunAA) and in mice overexpressing Bcl-2 (Bcl-2tg). Cond. c-Jun as well as JunAA mice did not show significant differences in the infarct size when compared to their non-mutant controls. By contrast smaller infarct volumes were detected in transgenic mice merely attenuating c-Jun action (JunBtg and Bcl-2tg). ATF-2, TUNEL or cleaved Caspase-3 staining revealed no significant differences between the experimental groups. A complete lack of functional c-Jun might be compensated by other cellular mechanisms, in contrast to its reduced function. Thus, our data suggest that attenuation rather than a complete block of c-Jun action appears to be more promising for therapy of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Vogel
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
O'Sullivan NC, McGettigan PA, Sheridan GK, Pickering M, Conboy L, O'Connor JJ, Moynagh PN, Higgins DG, Regan CM, Murphy KJ. Temporal change in gene expression in the rat dentate gyrus following passive avoidance learning. J Neurochem 2007; 101:1085-98. [PMID: 17298388 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A learning event initiates a cascade of altered gene expression leading to synaptic remodelling within the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a structure vital to memory formation. To illuminate this transcriptional program of synaptic plasticity we used microarrays to quantify mRNA from the rat dentate gyrus at increasing times following passive avoidance learning. Approximately, 500 known genes were transcriptionally regulated across the 24 h post-training period. The 0-2 h period saw up-regulation of genes involved in transcription while genes with a role in synaptic/cytoskeletal structure increased 0-6 h, consistent with structural rearrangements known to occur at these times. The most striking feature was the profound down-regulation, across all functional groups, 12 h post-training. Bioinformatics analysis identified the likely transcription factors controlling gene expression in each post-training period. The role of NF kappa B, implicated in the early post-training period was subsequently confirmed with activation and nuclear translocation seen in dentate granule neurons following training. mRNA changes for four genes, LRP3 (0 h), alpha actin (3 h), SNAP25 and NSF (6-12 h), were validated at message and/or protein level and shown to be learning specific. Thus, the memory-associated transcriptional cascade supports the cardinal periods of synaptic loosening, reorganisation and selection thought to underpin the process of long-term memory consolidation in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh C O'Sullivan
- Applied Neurotherapeutics Research Group, UCD Schools of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Baer K, Eriksson PS, Faull RLM, Rees MI, Curtis MA. Sox-2 is expressed by glial and progenitor cells and Pax-6 is expressed by neuroblasts in the human subventricular zone. Exp Neurol 2006; 204:828-31. [PMID: 17291498 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are responsible for the specification and fate determination of cells as they develop from progenitor cells into specific types of cells in the brain. Sox-2 and Pax-6 are TFs with key functional roles in the developing brain, although less is known about TFs in the rudimentary germinal zones in the adult human brain. In this study we have investigated the distribution and characterization of Sox-2 and Pax-6 in the human subventricular zone (SVZ). Sox-2 immunoreactivity showed a nuclear labeling pattern and colocalised on GFAP immunoreactive cells as well as on bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells, whereas Pax-6 immunoreactivity was detectable in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of SVZ cells and colocalised with PSA-NCAM-positive progenitor cells. Thus, our data surprisingly reveal that these TFs are differentially expressed in the adult human SVZ where Sox-2 and Pax-6 specify a glial and neuronal fate, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Baer
- Molecular Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, West Glamorgan SA2 8PP, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kisby GE, Olivas A, Standley M, Lu X, Pattee P, O’Malley J, Li X, Muniz J, Nagalla SR. Genotoxicants target distinct molecular networks in neonatal neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2006; 114:1703-12. [PMID: 17107856 PMCID: PMC1665395 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure of the brain to environmental agents during critical periods of neuronal development is considered a key factor underlying many neurologic disorders. OBJECTIVES In this study we examined the influence of genotoxicants on cerebellar function during early development by measuring global gene expression changes. METHODS We measured global gene expression in immature cerebellar neurons (i.e., granule cells) after treatment with two distinct alkylating agents, methylazoxymethanol (MAM) and nitrogen mustard (HN2). Granule cell cultures were treated for 24 hr with MAM (10-1,000 microM) or HN2 (0.1-20 microM) and examined for cell viability, DNA damage, and markers of apoptosis. RESULTS Neuronal viability was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) at concentrations > 500 microM for MAM and > 1.0 microM for HN2; this correlated with an increase in both DNA damage and markers of apoptosis. Neuronal cultures treated with sublethal concentrations of MAM (100 microM) or HN2 (1.0 microM) were then examined for gene expression using large-scale mouse cDNA microarrays (27,648). Gene expression results revealed that a) global gene expression was predominantly up-regulated by both genotoxicants; b) the number of down-regulated genes was approximately 3-fold greater for HN2 than for MAM; and c) distinct classes of molecules were influenced by MAM (i.e, neuronal differentiation, the stress and immune response, and signal transduction) and HN2 (i.e, protein synthesis and apoptosis). CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate that individual genotoxicants induce distinct gene expression signatures. Further study of these molecular networks may explain the variable response of the developing brain to different types of environmental genotoxicants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glen E. Kisby
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Antoinette Olivas
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Melissa Standley
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Xinfang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Patrick Pattee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jean O’Malley
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Juan Muniz
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Srinavasa R. Nagalla
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Address correspondence to S. Nagalla, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239 USA. Telephone: (503) 494-1928. Fax: (503) 494-4821. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Phillips W, Michell AW, Barker RA. Neurogenesis in diseases of the central nervous system. Stem Cells Dev 2006; 15:359-79. [PMID: 16846374 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2006.15.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis is altered in ageing, and diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as neurodegenerative disorders. We discuss the process of neurogenesis, its relevance for disorders of the CNS, the dynamic nature of neurogenesis, how and why it may be abnormal in ageing, and disease, and possibilities to ameliorate abnormal neurogenesis in disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
Gueorguiev VD, Cheng SY, Sabban EL. Prolonged Activation of cAMP-response Element-binding Protein and ATF-2 Needed for Nicotine-triggered Elevation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Transcription in PC12 Cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:10188-95. [PMID: 16452470 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513806200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation (P-) of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) by protein kinase A or mitogen-activated protein kinases was implicated in mediating the increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression after prolonged exposure to nicotine in vivo and in cell culture. We examined the time course and signaling pathways for phosphorylation of CREB and possible involvement of ATF-2. Treatment of PC12 cells with 200 microm nicotine triggered rapid but transient elevation of P-CREB followed by a second sustained rise after 2-5 h of continuous nicotine. In contrast, ERK1/2 was only phosphorylated with short term nicotine exposure. MEK inhibitor U0126 abolished nicotine-induced rise in P-ERK1/2, but not P-CREB, nor did it inhibit nicotine-evoked elevation in TH promoter activity, indicating that ERK1/2 was not needed for induction of TH gene expression by nicotine. In contrast, protein kinase A inhibitor H-89 or Ca(2+)/calmodulin-activated protein kinase inhibitor KN-93 reduced the nicotine-triggered rise in P-CREB and TH promoter activity. There was a delayed elevation of P-ATF-2 after 1 h of nicotine treatment, accompanied by increased ATF-2 protein. Upstream kinase JNK, but not p38, was phosphorylated especially after 5 min to 2 h of nicotine exposure. To examine the requirement for CREB and ATF-2, cells were transfected with dominant negative forms of ATF-2 or CREB. Both reduced the basal TH promoter activity and the response to nicotine. Knockdown of ATF-2 or CREB with siRNA did not alter basal TH promoter activity or mRNA but greatly attenuated the response to nicotine. The results suggest that both ATF-2 and CREB mediate activation of TH gene transcription by nicotine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volodia D Gueorguiev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Parsadanian A, Pan Y, Li W, Myckatyn TM, Brakefield D. Astrocyte-derived transgene GDNF promotes complete and long-term survival of adult facial motoneurons following avulsion and differentially regulates the expression of transcription factors of AP-1 and ATF/CREB families. Exp Neurol 2006; 200:26-37. [PMID: 16497298 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2005] [Revised: 01/08/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a potent survival factor for motoneurons (MNs). We have previously demonstrated that overexpression of GDNF in astrocytes of GFAP-GDNF mice promotes long-term survival of neonatal MNs after facial nerve axotomy. In the present study, we investigated whether astrocyte-derived GDNF could also have a neuroprotective effect on adult MNs following facial nerve avulsion. We also examined avulsion- and GDNF-induced changes in the expression pattern of several members of the AP-1 and ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, which are involved in the fate determination of neurons following injury. We demonstrated that GDNF promotes complete rescue of avulsed MNs for at least 4 months post-injury. Transgene GDNF significantly upregulates c-Jun expression in naive MNs, further upregulates injury-induced c-Jun expression in facial MNs, and results in its activation in most surviving MNs. No significant changes were found in c-Fos expression. We found that GDNF has an opposing effect on ATF2 and ATF3 expression. It dramatically downregulates increased levels of ATF3 in response to injury, whereas the expression of ATF2, which is normally reduced after injury, is completely preserved in GFAP-GDNF mice. Our data suggest that maintenance of high levels of ATF2 in injured MNs could be crucial in modulating c-Jun function, and c-Jun/ATF2 signaling could be involved in GDNF-mediated survival of mature MNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Parsadanian
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pearson AG, Byrne UTE, MacGibbon GA, Faull RLM, Dragunow M. Activated c-Jun is present in neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease brains. Neurosci Lett 2006; 398:246-50. [PMID: 16481106 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is characterized by the presence of insoluble beta-amyoid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau. Increased expression of the immediate early gene product c-Jun has also been reported in post-mortem AD brains, and the presence of upstream regulators of c-Jun has been described in tangle formations. Here, we report the presence of c-Jun specifically phosphorylated on ser-63, but not ser-73, in tangle-bearing neurons and in 'late-stage' extracellular tangles in AD brains. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of c-Jun phosphorylated on ser-63 but not on ser-73 in AD brain tissue. The expression of differentially phosphorylated c-Jun in the AD brain may reflect the contradictory roles of these phosphorylation sites in neurons. Furthermore, the inappropriate sequestration of phosphorylated c-Jun in tangles in AD brains may contribute to AD pathology and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Pearson
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Waldvogel HJ, Curtis MA, Baer K, Rees MI, Faull RLM. Immunohistochemical staining of post-mortem adult human brain sections. Nat Protoc 2006; 1:2719-32. [PMID: 17406528 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2006.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One of the challenges for modern neuroscience is to understand the basis of coordinated neuronal function and networking in the human brain. Some of these questions can be addressed using low- and high-resolution imaging techniques on post-mortem human brain tissue. We have established a versatile protocol for fixation of post-mortem adult human brain tissue, storage of the tissue in a human brain bank, and immunohistochemical analysis in order to understand human brain functions in normal controls and in neuropathological conditions. The brains are fixed by perfusion through the internal carotid and basilar arteries to enhance the penetration of fixative throughout the brain, then blocked, postfixed, cryoprotected, snap-frozen and stored at -80 degrees C. Sections are processed for immunohistochemical single- or double-label staining and conventional-, electron- or confocal laser scanning-microscopy analysis. The results gained using this tissue and protocol are vital for determining the localization of neurochemicals throughout the human brain and to document the changes that occur in neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Waldvogel
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|