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Anwar MM, Pérez-Martínez L, Pedraza-Alva G. Exploring the Significance of Microglial Phenotypes and Morphological Diversity in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Targets. Immunol Invest 2024:1-56. [PMID: 38836373 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2358446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Studying various microglial phenotypes and their functions in neurodegenerative diseases is crucial due to the intricate nature of their phenomics and their vital immunological role. Microglia undergo substantial phenomic changes, encompassing morphological, transcriptional, and functional aspects, resulting in distinct cell types with diverse structures, functions, properties, and implications. The traditional classification of microglia as ramified, M1 (proinflammatory), or M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes is overly simplistic, failing to capture the wide range of recently identified microglial phenotypes in various brain regions affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Altered and activated microglial phenotypes deviating from the typical ramified structure are significant features of many neurodegenerative conditions. Understanding the precise role of each microglial phenotype is intricate and sometimes contradictory. This review specifically focuses on elucidating recent modifications in microglial phenotypes within neurodegenerative diseases. Recognizing the heterogeneity of microglial phenotypes in diseased states can unveil novel therapeutic strategies for targeting microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the exploration of the use of healthy isolated microglia to mitigate disease progression has provided an innovative perspective. In conclusion, this review discusses the dynamic landscape of mysterious microglial phenotypes, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding to pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
- Neuroimmunobiology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Bioprocesses, Institute of Biotechnology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Neuroimmunobiology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Bioprocesses, Institute of Biotechnology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Costa SK, Antosca K, Beekman CN, Peterson RL, Penumutchu S, Belenky P. Short-Term Dietary Intervention with Whole Oats Protects from Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0237623. [PMID: 37439681 PMCID: PMC10434222 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02376-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis (AID) is known to be influenced by host dietary composition. However, how and when diet modulates gut dysbiosis remains poorly characterized. Thus, here, we utilize a multi-omics approach to characterize how a diet supplemented with oats, a rich source of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates, or dextrose impacts amoxicillin-induced changes to gut microbiome structure and transcriptional activity. We demonstrate that oat administration during amoxicillin challenge provides greater protection from AID than the always oats or recovery oats diet groups. In particular, the group in which oats were provided at the time of antibiotic exposure induced the greatest protection against AID while the other oat diets saw greater effects after amoxicillin challenge. The oat diets likewise reduced amoxicillin-driven elimination of Firmicutes compared to the dextrose diet. Functionally, gut communities fed dextrose were carbohydrate starved and favored respiratory metabolism and consequent metabolic stress management while oat-fed communities shifted their transcriptomic profile and emphasized antibiotic stress management. The metabolic trends were exemplified when assessing transcriptional activity of the following two common gut commensal bacteria: Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. These findings demonstrate that while host diet is important in shaping how antibiotics effect the gut microbiome composition and function, diet timing may play an even greater role in dietary intervention-based therapeutics. IMPORTANCE We utilize a multi-omics approach to demonstrate that diets supplemented with oats, a rich source of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates, are able to confer protection against antibiotic-induced dysbiosis (AID). Our findings affirm that not only is host diet important in shaping antibiotics effects on gut microbiome composition and function but also that the timing of these diets may play an even greater role in managing AID. This work provides a nuanced perspective on dietary intervention against AID and may be informative on preventing AID during routine antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K. Costa
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Katherine Antosca
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Chapman N. Beekman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Rachel L. Peterson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Swathi Penumutchu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Santa K, Watanabe K, Kumazawa Y, Nagaoka I. Phytochemicals and Vitamin D for a Healthy Life and Prevention of Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12167. [PMID: 37569540 PMCID: PMC10419318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of phytocompounds contained in medical plants have been used as medication, including Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine. Phytochemicals are one category of the chemical compounds mainly known as antioxidants, and recently, their anti-inflammatory effects in preventing chronic inflammation have received much attention. Here, we present a narrative review of the health-promotion and disease-prevention effects of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, the latter of which are abundant in onions, oranges, tea, soybeans, turmeric, cacao, and grapes, along with the synergetic effects of vitamin D. A phenomenon currently gaining popularity in Japan is finding non-disease conditions, so-called ME-BYO (mibyou) and treating them before they develop into illnesses. In addition to lifestyle-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, dementia and frailty, commonly found in the elderly, are included as underlying conditions. These conditions are typically induced by chronic inflammation and might result in multiple organ failure or cancer if left untreated. Maintaining gut microbiota is important for suppressing (recently increasing) intestinal disorders and for upregulating immunity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the interest in phytochemicals and vitamin D for disease prevention increased, as viral and bacterial infection to the lung causes fatal inflammation, and chronic inflammation induces pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, sepsis is a disorder inducing severe organ failure by the infection of microbes, with a high mortality ratio in non-coronary ICUs. However, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) working using natural immunity suppress sepsis at the early stage. The intake of phytochemicals and vitamin D enhances anti-inflammatory effects, upregulates immunity, and reduces the risk of chronic disorders by means of keeping healthy gut microbiota. Evidence acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that daily improvement and prevention of underlying conditions, in terms of lifestyle-related diseases, is very important because they increase the risk of infectious diseases. This narrative review discusses the importance of the intake of phytochemicals and vitamin D for a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of ME-BYO, non-disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Santa
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo College of Biotechnology, Ota-ku, Tokyo 114-0032, Japan;
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kumazawa
- Vino Science Japan Inc., Kawasaki 210-0855, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Isao Nagaoka
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Science, Juntendo University, Urayasu 279-0013, Japan
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Yu K, Liao S, Li C, Song Y, Mei Z, Lv L. Establishment of a lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation model of human fetal colon cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08465-7. [PMID: 37155012 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health problem and there are few cell models for IBD at present. To culture a human fetal colon (FHC) cell line in vitro and establish an FHC cell inflammation model that meets the requirements for high expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). METHODS AND RESULTS FHC cells were cultured with various concentrations of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in appropriate media for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h to stimulate an inflammatory reaction. The viability of FHC cells was detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The transcriptional levels and protein expression changes of IL-6 and TNF-α in FHC cells were detected by Quantitative Real‑Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Enzyme‑Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), respectively. Appropriate stimulation conditions were selected (i.e., LPS concentration and treatment time), based on changes in cell survival rate, and IL-6 and TNF-α expression levels. An LPS concentration higher than 100 µg/mL or a treatment time longer than 24 h resulted in morphological changes and decreased cell survival. By contrast, expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α significantly increased within 24 h when LPS concentration lower than 100 µg/mL and peaked at 2 h, whilst maintaining cell morphology and viability in FHC cells. CONCLUSION The treatment of FHC cells with 100 µg/mL LPS within 24 h was optimal in terms of stimulating IL-6 and TNF-α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Shengtao Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Chuanfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Ya Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China.
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China.
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de Oliveira ECS, Dalmau LM, de Almeida Costa CAR, de Almeida Junior LD, Ballard CR, Maróstica Junior MR, Stahl MA, Grimaldi R, Witaicenis A, Di Stasi LC. Dietary intervention with avocado (Persea americana Mill.) ameliorates intestinal inflammation induced by TNBS in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:485-498. [PMID: 36586042 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional interventions have been shown to be an interesting approach for the treatment of chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Persea americana Mill. (avocado), is a potential food to be used for the prevention or treatment of intestinal inflammation, due to its nutritional value and pharmacological effects. In this study we evaluated if the dietary intervention with avocado fruit pulp could as an intestinal anti-inflammatory diet using a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model of intestinal inflammation in rats. For this purpose, 5, 10 or 20% of avocado fruit pulp was incorporated in the diet of rats, for 21 days before and 7 days after TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation. Dietary intervention with avocado fruit pulp (20%) decreased the extension of colonic lesions (1.38 ± 0.99 vs. 2.67 ± 0.76 cm), weight/length colon ratio (151.03 ± 31.45 vs. 197.39 ± 49.48 cm), inhibited myeloperoxidase activity (891.2 ± 243.2 vs 1603 ± 158.2 U/g), reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (53.94 ± 6.45 vs. 114.9 ± 6.21 pg/mg), interleukin-1β (583.6 ± 106.2 vs. 1259 ± 81.68 pg/mg) and interferon gamma (27.95 ± 2.97 vs. 47.79 ± 3.51 pg/mg) levels and prevented colonic glutathione depletion (2585 ± 77.2 vs 1778 ± 167.2 nmol/g). The consumption of enriched diet with 20% avocado pulp by 28 days did not promote any alterations in the biochemical or behavioral parameters evaluated. Avocado showed intestinal anti-inflammatory activity, modulating immune response, and acting as antioxidant. The dietary intervention with avocado was safe, suggesting its potential as a complementary treatment in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Lesvi Moya Dalmau
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Celso Acácio Rodrigues de Almeida Costa
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Luiz Domingues de Almeida Junior
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Reis Ballard
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marcella Aparecida Stahl
- Fats and Oils Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-861, Brazil
| | - Renato Grimaldi
- Fats and Oils Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-861, Brazil
| | - Aline Witaicenis
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
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The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102053. [PMID: 36296329 PMCID: PMC9608860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
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Noubissi PA, Njilifac Q, Fokam Tagne MA, Dongmo Nguepi MS, Foyet Fondjo A, Kouémou Emégam N, Ngakou Mukam J, Zintchem R, Wambe H, Fankem GO, Fotio Tonfack A, Toukala JP, Taiwe Sotoing G, Kamgamg R. Anxiolytic and anti-colitis effects of Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113652. [PMID: 36067569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera decoction is believed to alleviate gastrointestinal tract diseases. This study investigated antioxidant and anxiolytic activities of its leaves aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Rats (36) were randomly divided into six groups and received (20 days) distilled water, 10 mL/kg; Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or Loperamide (5 mg/kg). On days 1, 8, 17, and 20, behavioral parameters were evaluated. Colitis was induced (day 15, except in normal group) through acetic acid (4%, 1 mL) intra-rectal administration. After sacrifice (day 21), lesion number, weight/length ratio of the colon were recorded. Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. On day 20, Moringa oleifera (100 mg/kg) reduced the number of head dipping and the duration in opened arms, respectively 2.00 ± 0.37 and 5.00 ± 0.37 s against 14.50 ± 0.72 and 2.17 ± 0.48 s in the control. It decreased colon weight/length ratio: 112.29 ± 9.46 against 185.93 ± 5.28 mg/cm in the control; malondialdehyde level (P < 0.01) and nitric oxide concentration (P < 0.001), in the brain: respectively 25.60 ± 0.60 and 36.34 ± 1.19 against 34.00 ± 0.33 and 46.17 ± 3.25 µmol/mg of tissue in the control. In the serum, the extract (50 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the catalase activity (0.10 ± 0.00 against 0.03 ± 0.00 µmol/mg of protein in the negative control group). At 100 mg/kg, it increased (P < 0.001) reduced glutathione concentration to 5.07 ± 0.31 against 3.26 ± 0.08 µmol/mg of protein in the negative control group. The improvement on colitis pathophysiology, the antioxidant and the anxiolytic effects noted therefore suggest that Moringa oleifera can be a potential source of drugs alleviating anxiety and oxidative stress associated to ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Aimé Noubissi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Queendoline Njilifac
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Michel Archange Fokam Tagne
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
| | | | - Angèle Foyet Fondjo
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
| | - Nadège Kouémou Emégam
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Joseph Ngakou Mukam
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Roger Zintchem
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Henri Wambe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Gaétan Olivier Fankem
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Agathe Fotio Tonfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Jean Paul Toukala
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Germain Taiwe Sotoing
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - René Kamgamg
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Dietary polyphenols in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.1060925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, caused by chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, are inflammatory bowel diseases and have similar symptoms. Abnormal immune responses play a pretty important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Proinflammatory mediators trigger inflammation, stimulate cell signaling molecules, and induce disease onset. Corticosteroids, anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibodies, and immunosuppressants are some drugs used to treat the disease. However, these drugs have some side effects. In addition, surgical methods might be used in the treatment, but these methods may have some complications. Due to the negative impact on treatment options, alternative methods for reliable, inexpensive, and effective treatment are being sought. Secondary plant compounds with an aromatic or phenolic ring structure, so-called polyphenols or phenolic compounds, may modulate cellular signaling pathways and reduce intestinal inflammation due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Polyphenols may be evaluated as alternative methods for inflammatory bowel disease based on these properties. This review aims to investigate the effect of some polyphenols on inflammatory bowel disease.
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Arnone D, Chabot C, Heba AC, Kökten T, Caron B, Hansmannel F, Dreumont N, Ananthakrishnan AN, Quilliot D, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Sugars and Gastrointestinal Health. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:1912-1924.e7. [PMID: 34902573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sugar overconsumption is linked to a rise in the incidence of noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This increased incidence is becoming a real public health problem that is more severe than infectious diseases, contributing to 35 million deaths annually. Excessive intake of free sugars can cause many of the same health problems as excessive alcohol consumption. Many recent international recommendations have expressed concerns about sugar consumption in Westernized societies, as current consumption levels represent quantities with no precedent during hominin evolution. In both adults and children, the World Health Organization strongly recommends reducing free sugar intake to <10% of total energy intake and suggests a further reduction to below 5%. Most studies have focused on the deleterious effects of Western dietary patterns on global health and the intestine. Whereas excessive dietary fat consumption is well studied, the specific impact of sugar is poorly described, while refined sugars represent up to 40% of caloric intake within industrialized countries. However, high sugar intake is associated with multiple tissue and organ dysfunctions. Both hyperglycemia and excessive sugar intake disrupt the intestinal barrier, thus increasing gut permeability and causing profound gut microbiota dysbiosis, which results in a disturbance in mucosal immunity that enhances infection susceptibility. This review aims to highlight the roles of different types of dietary carbohydrates and the consequences of their excessive intake for intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djésia Arnone
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France; Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Caroline Chabot
- Inserm U1256, Pediatric Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Department of Child Medicine and Clinical Genetics, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Heba
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Tunay Kökten
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Bénédicte Caron
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Franck Hansmannel
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Natacha Dreumont
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Didier Quilliot
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Inserm U1256 "Nutrition - Genetics and exposure to environmental risks," Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
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10
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Zhang P. Influence of Foods and Nutrition on the Gut Microbiome and Implications for Intestinal Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179588. [PMID: 36076980 PMCID: PMC9455721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food components in our diet provide not only necessary nutrients to our body but also substrates for the mutualistic microbial flora in our gastrointestinal tract, termed the gut microbiome. Undigested food components are metabolized to a diverse array of metabolites. Thus, what we eat shapes the structure, composition, and function of the gut microbiome, which interacts with the gut epithelium and mucosal immune system and maintains intestinal homeostasis in a healthy state. Alterations of the gut microbiome are implicated in many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is growing interest in nutritional therapy to target the gut microbiome in IBD. Investigations into dietary effects on the composition changes in the gut microbiome flourished in recent years, but few focused on gut physiology. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the impacts of major food components and their metabolites on the gut and health consequences, specifically within the GI tract. Additionally, the influence of the diet on the gut microbiome-host immune system interaction in IBD is also discussed. Understanding the influence of the diet on the interaction of the gut microbiome and the host immune system will be useful in developing nutritional strategies to maintain gut health and restore a healthy microbiome in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China
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11
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The microbiome modulating potential of superheated steam (SHS) treatment of dietary fibres. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Zangara MT, Ponti AK, Miller ND, Engelhart MJ, Ahern PP, Sangwan N, McDonald C. Maltodextrin Consumption Impairs the Intestinal Mucus Barrier and Accelerates Colitis Through Direct Actions on the Epithelium. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841188. [PMID: 35359925 PMCID: PMC8963984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Food additives are common components of processed foods consumed in a Western diet. In inflammatory bowel disease patients, some diets that exclude food additives improved clinical disease parameters, suggesting a link between food additives and disease pathogenesis. Food additives also enhanced disease severity in mouse colitis models through incompletely described mechanisms. This study examined the mechanisms by which the food additive maltodextrin (MDX) alters the development of colitis in a murine model. Interleukin-10 knockout (IL10KO) mice were fed diets supplemented with MDX or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to determine their impact on colitis onset and severity; microbiome composition, function, and location; colonic immune cell infiltrates; and mucus layer integrity. Primary IL10KO colonic epithelial monolayers were used to dissect the impact of MDX directly on epithelial differentiation and mucus production. MDX or CMC consumption increased the incidence and severity of colitis, as well as decreased microbiome diversity, altered microbial composition, and decreased fecal acetic acid levels. The number of mucus producing cells were decreased in food additive fed mice and resulted in increased microbial proximity to the intestinal epithelium. Additionally, MDX supplementation resulted in crypt hyperplasia and expansion of the HopX+ injury renewal stem cell niche. In primary intestinal epithelial-derived monolayers devoid of microbes and immune cells, MDX exposure decreased goblet cell number and mucus production in association with downregulated expression of the transcription factor Klf4, a marker of terminally differentiated goblet cells. These results suggest MDX disrupts the balance of epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation to contribute to disease pathogenesis through direct and indirect actions on the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan T. Zangara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - András K. Ponti
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Noah D. Miller
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH, United States
| | - Morgan J. Engelhart
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Philip P. Ahern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Microbiome Composition and Analytics Cores, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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13
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Mattioli LB, Frosini M, Amoroso R, Maccallini C, Chiano E, Aldini R, Urso F, Corazza I, Micucci M, Budriesi R. Olea europea L. Leaves and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Petals Extracts: Herbal Mix from Cardiovascular Network Target to Gut Motility Dysfunction Application. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030463. [PMID: 35276825 PMCID: PMC8838644 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that diet and nutrition play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of many disorders. On the other hand, nutrients or bioactive compounds can specifically target and control various aspects of the mechanism underlying the pathology itself, and, in this context, diseases related to intestinal motility disorders stand out. The Herbal Mix (HM) consisting of Olea europea L. leaf (OEE) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HSE) extracts (13:2) has been proven to be a promising nutraceutical option for many diseases, but its potential in inflammatory-driven gastrointestinal disorders is still unexplored. In this study, HM effects on guinea-pig ileum and colon contractility (induced or spontaneous) and on human iNOS activity, as well as on human colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells, were studied. Results showed that the HM can control the ileum and colon contractility without blocking the progression of the food bolus, can selectively inhibit iNOS and possesses a strong pro-apoptotic activity towards Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, the present results suggest that, in some diseases, such as those related to motility disorders, an appropriate nutritional approach can be accompanied by a correct use of nutraceuticals that could help not only in ameliorating the symptoms but also in preventing more severe, cancer-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Beatrice Mattioli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.M.); (R.A.); (F.U.)
| | - Maria Frosini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.F.); (E.C.)
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (R.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (R.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Elda Chiano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.F.); (E.C.)
| | - Rita Aldini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.M.); (R.A.); (F.U.)
| | - Francesco Urso
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.M.); (R.A.); (F.U.)
| | - Ivan Corazza
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Matteo Micucci
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro, 800131 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.M.); (R.A.); (F.U.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Yu H, Yang X, Xiao X, Xu M, Yang Y, Xue C, Li X, Wang S, Zhao RC. Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Protect Mice from DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Promoting Intestinal-stem-cell and Epithelial Regeneration. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1423-1437. [PMID: 34527419 PMCID: PMC8407880 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains a severe disease for most patients, with its incidence and prevalence increasingly globally. Currently, there is no effective treatments for IBD, and traditional treatments have multiple side effects. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies or alternative drugs are urgently needed. Previous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have exhibited promising therapeutic effects on inflammatory disease. Here, we performed intravenous injection of human adipose mesenchymal stem cell (hADSC)-derived exosomes (hADSC-Exo) in a DSS-induced IBD mouse model and found that hADSC-Exo promoted functional recovery, downregulated inflammatory responses, reduced intestine cell apoptosis, increased epithelial regeneration and maintained intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, we established a colon organoid, hADSC-Exo and TNF-α co-cultured system to explore the protective effect of hADSC-Exo on integrity of intestine mucosa and epithelial regeneration. We showed that hADSC-Exo not only can promote the proliferation and regeneration of Lgr5+ ISCs and epithelial cells but also ameliorate the inflammation damage in TNF-α induced inflammatory damaged mice colon organoids. Taken together, our findings indicate that hADSC-Exo protects intestine integrity, activates intestine epithelial cell and ISCs proliferation, suggesting that hADSC-Exo might be a potential effective treatment approach for IBD. We also provide a theoretical basis for new therapeutic strategies for cell-free therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Yu
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqian Xu
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlei Yang
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunling Xue
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- 1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,2Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Wang H, Ye C, Wu Y, Yang P, Chen C, Liu Z, Wang X. Exosomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Have We Learned So Far? Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:1448-1455. [PMID: 32342815 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200428102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease. Although the etiology is uncertain, there is marked disbalance of mucosal immune responses in part shaped by genetic susceptibility and intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Suppressing inflammatory activity adequately and maintaining this suppression are the main goals of current therapies. However, corticosteroids are only suitable for therapy of active disease, and the effects of immunosuppressive agents are mainly limited to maintenance of remission. Biologics have become widely available and provide therapeutic benefits to IBD patients. However, only a part of patients benefits from them. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of new substances in the therapy of IBD. Exosomes are nanosized lipid vesicles identified recently. They are secreted from all living cells and then distributed in various human body fluids. The components, such as microRNAs and functional proteins, secreted by exosomes in different cells have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Therefore, exosomes have the potential to become appealing particles in treating IBD as a cell-free therapeutic approach as well as biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring disease status. Further studies are needed to investigate the practicality, safety and desirable effects of exosomes in clinical applications in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Yaling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Pengyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chunqiu Chen
- Center for Difficult and Complicated Abdominal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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16
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Biological Treatments in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Complex Mix of Mechanisms and Actions. BIOLOGICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that requires lifelong medication and whose incidence is increasing over the world. There is currently no cure for IBD, and the current therapeutic objective is to control the inflammatory process. Approximately one third of treated patients do not respond to treatment and refractoriness to treatment is common. Therefore, pharmacological treatments, such as monoclonal antibodies, are urgently needed, and new treatment guidelines are regularly published. Due to the extremely important current role of biologics in the therapy of IBD, herein we have briefly reviewed the main biological treatments currently available. In addition, we have focused on the mechanisms of action of the most relevant groups of biological agents in IBD therapy, which are not completely clear but are undoubtfully important for understanding both their therapeutic efficacy and the adverse side effects they may have. Further studies are necessary to better understand the action mechanism of these drugs, which will in turn help us to understand how to improve their efficacy and safety. These studies will hopefully pave the path for a personalized medicine.
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17
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Jacenik D, Bagüés A, López-Gómez L, López-Tofiño Y, Iriondo-DeHond A, Serra C, Banovcanová L, Gálvez-Robleño C, Fichna J, del Castillo MD, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Changes in Fatty Acid Dietary Profile Affect the Brain-Gut Axis Functions of Healthy Young Adult Rats in a Sex-Dependent Manner. Nutrients 2021; 13:1864. [PMID: 34070787 PMCID: PMC8228732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary modifications, including those affecting dietary fat and its fatty acid (FA) composition, may be involved in the development of brain-gut axis disorders, with different manifestations in males and females. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of three purified diets with different FA composition on the brain-gut axis in rats of both sexes. Male and female Wistar rats fed a cereal-based standard diet from weaning were used. At young adult age (2-3 months old), animals were divided into three groups and treated each with a different refined diet for 6 weeks: a control group fed on AIN-93G diet containing 7% soy oil (SOY), and two groups fed on AIN-93G modified diets with 3.5% soy oil replaced by 3.5% coconut oil (COCO) or 3.5% evening primrose oil (EP). Different brain-gut axis parameters were evaluated during 4-6 weeks of dietary intervention. Compared with SOY diet (14% saturated FAs, and 58% polyunsaturated FAs), COCO diet (52.2% saturated FAs and 30% polyunsaturated FAs) produced no changes in brain functions and minor gastrointestinal modifications, whereas EP diet (11.1% saturated FAs and 70.56% polyunsaturated FAs) tended to decrease self-care behavior and colonic propulsion in males, and significantly increased exploratory behavior, accelerated gastrointestinal transit, and decreased cecum and fecal pellet density in females. Changes in FA composition, particularly an increase in ω-6 polyunsaturated FAs, seem to facilitate the development of brain-gut axis alterations in a sex-dependent manner, with a relatively higher risk in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ana Bagüés
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Amaia Iriondo-DeHond
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.-D.); (M.D.d.C.)
| | - Cristina Serra
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
| | - Laura Banovcanová
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
| | - Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Maria Dolores del Castillo
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.-D.); (M.D.d.C.)
| | - José Antonio Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Protective effects of Antarctic krill oil in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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19
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Uncovering Prospective Role and Applications of Existing and New Nutraceuticals from Bacterial, Fungal, Algal and Cyanobacterial, and Plant Sources. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13073671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are a category of products more often associated with food but having pharmaceuticals property and characteristics. However, there is still no internationally accepted concept of these food-pharmaceutical properties, and their interpretation can differ from country to country. Nutraceuticals are used as part of dietary supplements in most countries. They can be phytochemicals which are biologically active and have health benefits. These can be supplied as a supplement and/or as a functional food to the customer. For human health and longevity, these materials are likely to play a vital role. Consumption of these items is typical without a therapeutic prescription and/or supervision by the vast majority of the public. The development of nutraceuticals can be achieved through many bioresources and organisms. This review article will discuss the current research on nutraceuticals from different biological sources and their potential use as an agent for improving human health and well-being, as well as the gaps and future perspective of research related to nutraceutical development.
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20
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Nishiguchi R, Basu S, Staab HA, Ito N, Zhou XK, Wang H, Ha T, Johncilla M, Yantiss RK, Montrose DC, Dannenberg AJ. Dietary interventions to prevent high-fructose diet-associated worsening of colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:842-852. [PMID: 33513602 PMCID: PMC8215596 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is believed to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. High consumption of dietary fructose has been shown to exacerbate experimental colitis, an effect mediated through the gut microbiota. This study evaluated whether dietary alterations could attenuate the detrimental effects of a high-fructose diet (HFrD) in experimental colitis. First, we determined whether the procolitic effects of a HFrD could be reversed by switching mice from a HFrD to a control diet. This diet change completely prevented HFrD-induced worsening of acute colitis, in association with a rapid normalization of the microbiota. Second, we tested the effects of dietary fiber, which demonstrated that psyllium was the most effective type of fiber for protecting against HFrD-induced worsening of acute colitis, compared with pectin, inulin, or cellulose. In fact, supplemental psyllium nearly completely prevented the detrimental effects of the HFrD, an effect associated with a shift in the gut microbiota. We next determined whether the protective effects of these interventions could be extended to chronic colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model, we first demonstrated that HFrD feeding exacerbated chronic colitis and increased colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using the same dietary changes tested in the acute colitis setting, we also showed that mice were protected from HFrD-mediated enhanced chronic colitis and tumorigenesis, upon either diet switching or psyllium supplementation. Taken together, these findings suggest that high consumption of fructose may enhance colon tumorigenesis associated with long-standing colitis, an effect that could be reduced by dietary alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srijani Basu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah A Staab
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naotake Ito
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanhan Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taehoon Ha
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melanie Johncilla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rhonda K Yantiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David C Montrose
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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21
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Jin QW, Wang XD. Progress in research of vedolizumab in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:248-255. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i5.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology. At present, its main therapeutic drugs include aminosalicylates, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents, and biological agents. With the deepening study of the disease and the progress of science and technology, there have been more and more studies on the targets for biological agents, including tumor necrosis factor-α, Janus kinase, interleukin, intestinal integrin, etc. As a humanized integrin antagonist, vedolizumab can selectively inhibit the interaction between integrin α4β7 and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1, and block the migration of lymphocytes to the intestinal tract to alleviate the intestinal inflammation, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect. This article reviews the mechanism, clinical efficacy, and application of vedolizumab in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wen Jin
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Di Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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22
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Naseer M, Hadi S, Syed A, Safdari A, Tahan V. Exosomes: A new frontier under the spotlight for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. World J Meta-Anal 2021; 9:12-28. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small plasma membrane-bound multivesicular bodies ranging in size from 20-100 nm. Exosomes are degraded fragments of mRNA, microRNA, and enriched in proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid. They are produced in the endosomes of most eukaryotic cells and once secreted, exosomes are involved in cell to cell communication and remodeling of the matrix in the extracellular compartment. Exosome biogenesis plays a crucial role in cellular development, inflammation, immunity, hemostasis, carcinogenesis, and degeneration. Due to their unique biochemical and biophysical properties, exosomes serve a variety of functions including biomarkers of diagnostic and prognostic significance. Besides, there is an increasing level of evidence to expand our understanding of the exosomes as novel therapeutic agents. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, hepatic fibrosis, and gastrointestinal malignancies such as colorectal cancer are the potential avenues where exosomes can be applied as cell therapy and immunotherapy and have shown promising results in several in-vitro and animal models. The purpose of this review article is to highlight the emerging role of exosomes as the diagnostic and therapeutic tool in various diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract like IBD, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colon cancer. A thorough literature search was performed on databases such as PubMed, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE to achieve the objectives of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Naseer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Syeda Hadi
- Rawalpindi Medical University, School of Medicine, Rawalpindi 46000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ali Syed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Amer Safdari
- Illinois College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Veysel Tahan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
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Lacerda JF, Lagos AC, Carolino E, Silva-Herdade AS, Silva M, Sousa Guerreiro C. Functional Food Components, Intestinal Permeability and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:642. [PMID: 33669400 PMCID: PMC7920414 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that affects the intestinal barrier structure. Recent evidence suggests that some food components can influence the integrity of the intestinal barrier and thus its permeability. We aimed at assessing the effect of food components on the intestinal permeability (IP) and on inflammatory markers in individuals with IBD by a single-blind randomized clinical study. Of the 53 individuals included, 47% (n = 25) had been diagnosed with IBD. The participants were divided into 4 groups. IBD patients were allocated to intervention group (n = 14) vs. no intervention group (n = 11), and the same happened with 28 control participants without disease (n = 14 in intervention group vs. n = 14 without intervention). Symptomatology, nutritional status, biochemical parameters (specifically serum zonulin (ZO) to measure IP) were evaluated on all individuals on an eight week period following a diet plan with/without potentially beneficial foods for the IP. At the beginning of the study, there were no significant differences in ZO values between individuals with and without IBD (p > 0.05). The effect of specific food components was inconclusive; however, a trend in the reduction of inflammatory parameters and on the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptomatology was observed. More controlled intervention studies with diet plans, including food components potentially beneficial for the integrity of the intestinal barrier, are of the utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Franco Lacerda
- Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-045 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Hospital of Armed Forces Lisbon Pole, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Ana Catarina Lagos
- Hospital of Armed Forces Lisbon Pole, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Elisabete Carolino
- H&TRC—Health & Technology Research Center, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, School of Health Technology, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ana Santos Silva-Herdade
- Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-045 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Manuel Silva
- Hospital of Armed Forces Lisbon Pole, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
- Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-045 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Environmental Health, University of Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
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Erdman KA, Jones KW, Madden RF, Gammack N, Parnell JA. Dietary Patterns in Runners with Gastrointestinal Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020448. [PMID: 33572891 PMCID: PMC7912258 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and reflux frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), potentially enhanced by high-intensity running. Food avoidances, food choices, and GIS in runners with IBS/IBD (n = 53) and reflux (n = 37) were evaluated using a reliability and validity tested questionnaire. Comparisons to a control group of runners (n = 375) were made using a Fisher’s Exact test. Runners with IBS/IBD experienced the greatest amount of exercise-induced GIS followed by those with reflux. Commonly reported GIS were stomach pain/cramps (77%; 53%), bloating (52%; 50%), intestinal pain/cramps (58%; 33%), and diarrhea (58%; 39%) in IBS/IBD and reflux groups respectively. In the pre-race meal, those with IBS/IBD frequently avoided milk products (53%), legumes (37%), and meat (31%); whereas, runners with reflux avoided milk (38%), meat (36%), and high-fibre foods (33%). When considering food choices pre-race, runners with IBS/IBD chose grains containing gluten (40%), high fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAP) fruits (38%), and water (38%). Runners with reflux chose water (51%), grains containing gluten (37%), and eggs (31%). In conclusion, while many runners with IBS/IBD and reflux are avoiding trigger foods in their pre-race meals, they are also consuming potentially aggravating foods, suggesting nutrition advice may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robyn F. Madden
- Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada; (R.F.M.); (N.G.); (J.A.P.)
| | - Nancy Gammack
- Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada; (R.F.M.); (N.G.); (J.A.P.)
| | - Jill A. Parnell
- Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada; (R.F.M.); (N.G.); (J.A.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Sharma JR, Mabhida SE, Myers B, Apalata T, Nicol E, Benjeddou M, Muller C, Johnson R. Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors in a Rural Black Population of Mthatha Town, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1215. [PMID: 33572921 PMCID: PMC7908535 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The occurrence of hypertension has been increasing alarmingly in both low and middle-income countries. Despite acknowledging hypertension as the most common life-threatening risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), a dearth of data is available on the prevalence, awareness, and determinants of hypertension in rural parts of South Africa. The principal aim of the current study is to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension among a black rural African population from the Mtatha town of Eastern Cape Province. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and individuals over 18 years of age were randomly screened using a World Health Organization stepwise questionnaire. Sociodemographic information, anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose levels, and three independent blood pressure (BP) readings were measured. Blood pressure measurements were classified according to the American Heart Association guidelines. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the significant predictors of hypertension. Results: Of the total participants (n = 556), 71% of individuals had BP scores in the hypertensive range. In univariate analysis, age, westernized diet, education, income, and diabetic status, as well as overweight/obese status were positively associated with the prevalence of hypertension. However, in a multivariate logistic regression analysis only, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetic status, and westernized diet were significantly associated with a higher risk of developing hypertension. Gender, age, and BMI were potential factors having a significant association with the treatment of hypertension. Individuals who did not consider the importance of medicine had higher chances of having their hypertension being untreated. Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was high among the black rural African population of Mthatha town. Gender, age, westernized diet, education level, income status, diabetic as well as overweight/obese status were the most significant predictors of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rajan Sharma
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (J.R.S.); (S.E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Sihle E. Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (J.R.S.); (S.E.M.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Bronwyn Myers
- Division of Alcohol Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Teke Apalata
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory-Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa;
| | - Edward Nicol
- Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Mongi Benjeddou
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Christo Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (J.R.S.); (S.E.M.); (C.M.)
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (J.R.S.); (S.E.M.); (C.M.)
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
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The Dark Side of the Force: When the Immune System Is the Fuel of Tumor Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031224. [PMID: 33513730 PMCID: PMC7865698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is well accepted that inflammation is a critical player in cancer, being, in most cases, the main character of the process. Different types of tumor arise from sites of infection or chronic inflammation. This non-resolving inflammation is responsible for tumor development at different levels: it promotes tumor initiation, as well as tumor progression, stimulating both tumor growth and metastasis. Environmental factors, lifestyle and infections are the three main triggers of chronic immune activation that promote or increase the risk of many different cancers. In this review, we focus our attention on tumor onset; in particular, we summarize the knowledge about the cause and the mechanisms behind the inflammation-driven cancer development.
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Krams IA, Jõers P, Luoto S, Trakimas G, Lietuvietis V, Krams R, Kaminska I, Rantala MJ, Krama T. The Obesity Paradox Predicts the Second Wave of COVID-19 to Be Severe in Western Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031029. [PMID: 33503828 PMCID: PMC7908102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
While COVID-19 infection and mortality rates are soaring in Western countries, Southeast Asian countries have successfully avoided the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic despite high population density. We provide a biochemical hypothesis for the connection between low COVID-19 incidence, mortality rates, and high visceral adiposity in Southeast Asian populations. The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a gateway into the human body. Although the highest expression levels of ACE2 are found in people’s visceral adipose tissue in Southeast Asia, this does not necessarily make them vulnerable to COVID-19. Hypothetically, high levels of visceral adiposity cause systemic inflammation, thus decreasing the ACE2 amount on the surface of both visceral adipocytes and alveolar epithelial type 2 cells in the lungs. Extra weight gained during the pandemic is expected to increase visceral adipose tissue in Southeast Asians, further decreasing the ACE2 pool. In contrast, weight gain can increase local inflammation in fat depots in Western people, leading to worse COVID-related outcomes. Because of the biological mechanisms associated with fat accumulation, inflammation, and their differential expression in Southeast Asian and Western populations, the second wave of the pandemic may be more severe in Western countries, while Southeast Asians may benefit from their higher visceral fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrikis A. Krams
- Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, LV5401 Daugavpils, Latvia; (R.K.); (T.K.)
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, EE51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Priit Jõers
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, EE51010 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Severi Luoto
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand;
| | - Giedrius Trakimas
- Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Vilnis Lietuvietis
- Department of Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, LV1010 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ronalds Krams
- Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, LV5401 Daugavpils, Latvia; (R.K.); (T.K.)
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Daugavpils University, LV5401 Daugavpils, Latvia;
| | - Irena Kaminska
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Daugavpils University, LV5401 Daugavpils, Latvia;
| | - Markus J. Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, LV5401 Daugavpils, Latvia; (R.K.); (T.K.)
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de Castro MM, Pascoal LB, Steigleder KM, Siqueira BP, Corona LP, Ayrizono MDLS, Milanski M, Leal RF. Role of diet and nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Exp Med 2021; 11:1-16. [PMID: 33585174 PMCID: PMC7852575 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v11.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are closely linked to nutrition. The latest research indicates that diet and nutrition are significantly involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, although their specific role throughout its clinical course still remains unclear. This study reviewed how diet and nutrition are associated with IBD development and management. Even though specific diets have been shown to bring about positive outcomes, there is currently no scientific consensus regarding an appropriate diet that would benefit all IBD patients. We suggest that individualized dietary recommendations are of the greatest importance and that diets should be planned to provide individual IBD patients with specific nutrient requirements while keeping all the clinical aspects of the patients in mind. Further research is clearly necessary to investigate nutritional factors involved in IBD development and, especially, to evaluate the applications of the diets during the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Moreira de Castro
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bitencourt Pascoal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Mariane Steigleder
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Piatezzi Siqueira
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligiana Pires Corona
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Franco Leal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhou L, Hao N, Li X, Chen J, Yang R, Song C, Sun Y, Zhang Q. Nattokinase mitigated dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis by regulating microbiota and suppressing tryptophan metabolism via inhibiting IDO-1. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Couderc M, Pereira B, Schaeverbeke T, Thomas T, Chapurlat R, Gaudin P, Morel J, Dougados M, Soubrier M. GlutenSpA trial: protocol for a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the impact of a gluten-free diet on quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038715. [PMID: 33444189 PMCID: PMC7682451 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subclinical intestinal inflammation and gut dysbiosis have been reported in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). In common practice, rheumatologists are increasingly confronted with patients with inflammatory rheumatism who are on gluten-free diets (GFDs), despite the lack of reliable data from controlled studies. This study aims to determine the impact of a GFD on the quality of life of patients with axial SpA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The GlutenSpA study is a 24-week, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Patients with axial SpA (n=200) will follow a 16-week GFD and be randomly assigned (1:1) to an experimental or control arm. In the experimental arm with receive at least 6 gluten-free breads per day + 200 g of gluten-free penne pasta per week + 6 rice flavour capsules per day. The control arm will receive at least 6 gluten-containing breads per day + 200 g of gluten-containing penne pasta per week + 6 vital gluten-containing capsules per day. The primary end-point is the variation in Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society-Health Index (ASAS-HI) questionnaire between week 16 and baseline. A second open-label period of 8 weeks will follow the intervention period, during which the patient will be free to decide whether they will follow the GFD. The secondary outcomes comprise several patient-reported outcomes (SpA activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index)), fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy), depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), functional disability index (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index)), variations in body mass index and Homeostasis Model Assessment Index and variations in the abundance and type of bacterial species found in the gut microbiota for a subgroup of patients (n=40). The data will be analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.The regional ethics committee (CPP Nord-ouest IV) has approved the study (IDRCB 2018-A00309-46). The results of the trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. The authors have no relationship that may have influenced the submitted work. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04274374.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Couderc
- Rheumatology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistical Unit, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Gaudin
- Rheumatology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Maxime Dougados
- Rheumatology, Cochin Institute, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Martin Soubrier
- Rheumatology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Zangara MT, Bhesania N, Liu W, Cresci GAM, Kurowski JA, McDonald C. Impact of Diet on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms: An Adolescent Viewpoint. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2020; 2:otaa084. [PMID: 36777758 PMCID: PMC9802055 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary modification shows promise as therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, it is unknown whether adolescents are interested in a dietary approach. Methods Cross-sectional survey of adolescents with IBD ages 14-21 on disease knowledge, dietary habits, and perceptions of diet therapy. Results A total of 132 subjects (48.5% female), mean age of 17.8 years and median disease length of 5 years (range 0, 16), completed the survey. Diet was perceived as a symptom trigger by 59.8% of subjects, and 45.4% had tried using diet as a treatment for symptom resolution, often without physician supervision and with limited success. Subjects experiencing active disease symptoms as determined by Manitoba IBD Index were more likely to be currently modifying their diet compared to subjects without active disease symptoms (odds ratio = 4.11, confidence interval = 1.58, 10.73, P = 0.003). Conclusions Adolescents with IBD perceive a relationship between diet and disease symptoms and are interested in dietary modification as a symptom management option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan T Zangara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Natalie Bhesania
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gail A M Cresci
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob A Kurowski
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Address correspondence to: Christine McDonald, PhD, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195 ()
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Serreli G, Melis MP, Zodio S, Naitza MR, Casula E, Peñalver P, Lucas R, Loi R, Morales JC, Deiana M. Altered paracellular permeability in intestinal cell monolayer challenged with lipopolysaccharide: Modulatory effects of pterostilbene metabolites. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111729. [PMID: 32898597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial barrier alteration is a central event in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Lipopolysaccharide, correlated to the pathogenesis of such pathologies, has been demonstrated to cause altered membrane permeability, through the disruption and/or relocation of tight junction proteins, following redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) modulation. Pterostilbene and its metabolite pinostilbene are natural stilbenoids which may reach relevant concentrations at intestinal level, together with their glucuronide and sulfate metabolites. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of these compounds to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced toxic effects on intestinal cell monolayer integrity and to explore the mechanism of action. Caco-2 cells, differentiated as enterocytes, were treated with lipopolysaccharide following pretreatment with the phenolic compounds at 1 μM physiological concentration. Caco-2 monolayer's permeability was monitored with time, measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance. Tight junction proteins were assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence in lipopolysaccharide-treated cells, in relation to MAPK p38 and ERK1/2 activation. Pretreatment with all the phenolic compounds significantly slowed lipopolysaccharide-induced transepithelial electrical resistance decrease, preserved tight junction proteins levels and reduced MAPKs phosphorylation. The reported findings indicate that pterostilbene and its metabolites may counteract lipopolysaccharide-induced alteration of epithelial permeability, one of the initial events in the intestinal inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Rita Naitza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Casula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lucas
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Roberto Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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Salamon D, Gosiewski T, Krawczyk A, Sroka-Oleksiak A, Duplaga M, Fyderek K, Kowalska-Duplaga K. Quantitative changes in selected bacteria in the stool during the treatment of Crohn's disease. Adv Med Sci 2020; 65:348-353. [PMID: 32590155 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine quantitative changes in selected species of bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Serratia marcescens) in the stool of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in the course of induction treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) or anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (Infliximab, IFX) vs. healthy controls (HC). MATERIALS/METHODS DNA was isolated from stool samples of CD (n = 122) and HC (n = 17), and quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was applied. In both treatment groups, the first stool sample was taken before the start of treatment, and the second 4 weeks after its end: in EEN (n = 48; age (mean; SD) 13.35 ± 3.09 years) and IFX groups (n = 13; age (mean; SD) 13.09 ± 3.76 years). RESULTS The only species that showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients before any therapeutic intervention was L. fermentum. Moreover, its number increased after completion of EEN and differed significantly when compared with the HC. In the IFX group the number of L. fermentum decreased during the therapy but was significantly higher than in the HC. The number of S. marcescens in the EEN group was significantly lower than in the controls both before and after EEN. CONCLUSION The implemented treatment (EEN or IFX) modifies the microbiome in CD patients, but does not make it become the same as in HC.
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Li Y, Xu Y, Pan C, Ren Z, Yang X. TRIF is essential for the anti-inflammatory effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on LPS-infected Caco2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:832-838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhang Y, Wu Z, Liu J, Zheng Z, Li Q, Wang H, Chen Z, Wang K. Identification of the core active structure of a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide and its protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109641. [PMID: 33233220 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has been claimed that Dendrobium officinale applied as a functional food in China for centuries derived from the excellent anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, we aim to investigate the core structure of a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) based on the linear structural features by a specific endo-β-1,4-mannanase which was required for the protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Structure characterization revealed that enzymatic fragment contained the core domain (EDOP) which was composed of glucose and mannose in the molar ratio of 1.00:4.76, and consisted of (1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp and (1 → 4)-β-D-Manp with some attached 2-O-acetylated groups. In colitis mice, both DOP and EDOP could dramatically attenuate the clinical signs via blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and their related mRNA), restoring the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), activating the G-protein coupled receptors (GPRs) and modulating the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is currently considered to be an important factor affecting colitis. The treatment of DOP and EDOP could recall the diversity of gut microbiota and modulate the abundance of the gut microbiota, including increasing the abundance of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae and reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria. Our findings have suggested that EDOP, as a core domain of DOP, retained similar structural features together with anti-inflammatory activity with DOP, and they could be potentially applied as natural candidates in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Junxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Ziming Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - HongJing Wang
- Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Zehong Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China.
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Bilski J, Wojcik D, Danielak A, Mazur-Bialy A, Magierowski M, Tønnesen K, Brzozowski B, Surmiak M, Magierowska K, Pajdo R, Ptak-Belowska A, Brzozowski T. Alternative Therapy in the Prevention of Experimental and Clinical Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Impact of Regular Physical Activity, Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase and Herbal Products. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2936-2950. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200427090127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are multifactorial, chronic, disabling, and progressive diseases characterised by cyclical nature, alternating between active and quiescent states. While the aetiology of IBD is not fully understood, this complex of diseases involve a combination of factors including the genetic predisposition and changes in microbiome as well as environmental risk factors such as high-fat and low-fibre diets, reduced physical activity, air pollution and exposure to various toxins and drugs such as antibiotics. The prevalence of both IBD and obesity is increasing in parallel, undoubtedly proving the existing interactions between these risk factors common to both disorders to unravel poorly recognized cell signaling and molecular alterations leading to human IBD. Therefore, there is still a significant and unmet need for supportive and adjunctive therapy for IBD patients directed against the negative consequences of visceral obesity and bacterial dysbiosis. Among the alternative therapies, a moderate-intensity exercise can benefit the health and well-being of IBD patients and improve both the healing of human IBD and experimental animal colitis. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis intestinal and the mechanism of mucosal defence. The administration of exogenous IAP could be recommended as a therapeutic strategy for the cure of diseases resulting from the intestinal barrier dysfunction such as IBD. Curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory agent, which is capable of stimulating the synthesis of endogenous IAP, represents another alternative approach in the treatment of IBD. This review was designed to discuss potential “nonpharmacological” alternative and supplementary therapeutic approaches taking into account epidemiological and pathophysiological links between obesity and IBD, including changes in the functional parameters of the intestinal mucosa and alterations in the intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bilski
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dagmara Wojcik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Danielak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katherine Tønnesen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Brzozowski
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Robert Pajdo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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McClements DJ. Nano-enabled personalized nutrition: Developing multicomponent-bioactive colloidal delivery systems. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 282:102211. [PMID: 32721626 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the production of foods and beverages with nutrient and nutraceutical profiles tailored to an individual's specific nutritional requirements. In principle, these personalized nutrition products are formulated based on the genetics, epigenetics, metabolism, microbiome, phenotype, lifestyle, age, gender, and health status of a person. A challenge in this area is to create customized functional food and beverage products that contain the required combination of bioactive agents, such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, nutraceuticals, prebiotics and probiotics. Nanotechnology may facilitate the development of these kind of products since it can be used to encapsulate one or more bioactive agent in a single colloidal delivery system. This delivery system may contain one or more different kinds of colloidal particle, specifically designed to protect each nutrient in the food, but then deliver it in a bioavailable form after ingestion. This review article provides an overview of the different kinds of bioactives that need to be delivered, as well as some of the challenges associated with incorporating them into functional foods and beverages. It then highlights how nanotech-enabled colloidal delivery systems can be developed to encapsulate multiple bioactive agents in a form suitable for functional food applications, particularly in the personalized nutrition field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Nascimento RDPD, Machado APDF, Galvez J, Cazarin CBB, Maróstica Junior MR. Ulcerative colitis: Gut microbiota, immunopathogenesis and application of natural products in animal models. Life Sci 2020; 258:118129. [PMID: 32717271 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease with increasing incidence in the world, especially in developing countries. Although knowledge of its pathogenesis has progressed over the last years, some details require clarification. Studies have highlighted the role of microbial dysbiosis and immune dysfunction as essential factors that may initiate the typical high-grade inflammatory outcome. In order to better understand the immunopathophysiological aspects of UC, experimental murine models are valuable tools. Some of the most commonly used chemicals to induce colitis are trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, oxazolone and dextran sodium sulfate. These may also be used to investigate new ways of preventing or treating UC and therefore improving targeting in human studies. The use of functional foods or bioactive compounds from plants may constitute an innovative direction towards the future of alternative medicine. Considering the above, this review focused on updated information regarding the 1. gut microbiota and immunopathogenesis of UC; 2. the most utilized animal models of the disease and their relevance; and 3. experimental application of natural products, not yet tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto de Paula do Nascimento
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Monteiro Lobato street, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula da Fonseca Machado
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Monteiro Lobato street, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Galvez
- Universidad de Granada (UGR), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Farmacología, 18071 Andaluzia, Granada, Spain.
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Monteiro Lobato street, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mario Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Monteiro Lobato street, 80, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Intestinal Macrophages at the Crossroad between Diet, Inflammation, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144825. [PMID: 32650452 PMCID: PMC7404402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages are key players in the regulation of the oral tolerance, controlling gut homeostasis by discriminating innocuous antigens from harmful pathogens. Diet exerts a significant impact on human health, influencing the composition of gut microbiota and the developing of several non-communicable diseases, including cancer. Nutrients and microbiota are able to modify the profile of intestinal macrophages, shaping their key function in the maintenance of the gut homeostasis. Intestinal disease often occurs as a breakdown of this balance: defects in monocyte-macrophage differentiation, wrong dietary habits, alteration of microbiota composition, and impairment in the resolution of inflammation may contribute to the development of intestinal chronic inflammation and colorectal cancer. Accordingly, dietary interventions and macrophage-targeted therapies are emerging as innovative tools for the treatment of several intestinal pathologies. In this review, we will describe the delicate balance between diet, microbiota and intestinal macrophages in homeostasis and how the perturbation of this equilibrium may lead to the occurrence of inflammatory conditions in the gut. The understanding of the molecular pathways and dietary factors regulating the activity of intestinal macrophages might result in the identification of innovative targets for the treatments of intestinal pathologies.
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Wang G, Yuan J, Cai X, Xu Z, Wang J, Ocansey DKW, Yan Y, Qian H, Zhang X, Xu W, Mao F. HucMSC-exosomes carrying miR-326 inhibit neddylation to relieve inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e113. [PMID: 32564521 PMCID: PMC7403704 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic intestinal inflammation that is a risk factor for many gastrointestinal cancers. Exosomes are gradually gaining attention as an emerging treatment method for IBD due to their important biological characteristics. NF‐κB is an important pro‐inflammatory transcription factor kept inactive by IκB protein in the cytoplasm by masking the nuclear localization signal of NF‐κB. The deterioration of IκB is mainly ubiquitination, and this depends on neddylation. Methods In this study, we established a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced IBD model in BABL/C mice to evaluate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes (hucMSC‐exosomes, hucMSC‐Ex) on the repair of IBD. At the same time, human colorectal mucosa cells (FHC) were stimulated by LPS (lipopolysaccharide) in vitro to activate the inflammatory environment to study the mechanism of hucMSC‐Ex regulating neddylation. The microRNA (miRNA) obtained by sequencing and transfection with hucMSC‐Ex was used to verify the role of miR‐326/neddylation/IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway in IBD repair. Results HucMSC‐Ex inhibited the process of neddylation in relieving DSS‐induced IBD in mice. The binding of NEDD8 (neural precursor cell‐expressed, developmentally downregulated gene 8) to cullin 1 and the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway were suppressed along with reduced expression levels of neddylation‐related enzyme molecules. The same phenomenon was observed in FHC cells. The miRNA comparison results showed that miR‐326 was highly expressed in hucMSC‐Ex and played an important role in inhibiting the neddylation process. The therapeutic effect of hucMSC‐Ex with high expression of miR‐326 on IBD mice was significantly stronger than that of ordinary hucMSC‐Ex. Conclusions HucMSC‐Ex relieves DSS‐induced IBD in a mouse model by inhibiting neddylation through miR‐326.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Yuan
- The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Dickson K W Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Integrated omics profiling of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitic mice supplemented with Wolfberry ( Lycium barbarum). NPJ Sci Food 2020; 4:5. [PMID: 32258419 PMCID: PMC7109062 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-020-0065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a multi-omics profiling approach to investigate the suppressive effects of 2% Wolfberry (WOL)-enriched diets on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. It was observed that in mice fed the WOL diet, the disease activity index, colon shortening, plasma concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and relative mesenteric fat weight were significantly improved as compared to the DSS group. Results from colon transcriptome and proteome profiles showed that WOL supplementation significantly ameliorated the expression of genes and proteins associated with the integrity of the colonic mucosal wall and colonic inflammation. Based on the hepatic transcriptome, proteome and metabolome data, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, proteins involved in inflammation and metabolites related to glycolysis were downregulated in WOL mice, leading to lowered inflammation and changes in these molecules may have led to improvement in body weight loss. The integrated nutrigenomic approach thus revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the ameliorative effect of whole WOL fruit consumption on inflammatory bowel disease.
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A Brief Review of Nutraceutical Ingredients in Gastrointestinal Disorders: Evidence and Suggestions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051822. [PMID: 32155799 PMCID: PMC7084955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary effect on gut health has long been recognized through the empirical practice of soothing gastric discomfort with certain types of food, and recently the correlation between specific diets with lower incidences of several gastrointestinal diseases has been revealed. Ingredients from those considered beneficial foods have been isolated and studied, and some of them have already been put into the supplement market. In this review, we focus on latest studies of these food-derived ingredients for their proposed preventive and therapeutic roles in gastrointestinal disorders, with the attempt of drawing evidence-based suggestions on consuming these products.
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Fang A, Wu K, Chen X, Wang G, Mao F. Resveratrol Attenuates Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice by Regulating SUMO1. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:450-457. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University
| | | | - Anning Fang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical College
| | - Kehan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University
| | - Xiang Chen
- Zhenjiang Institute for Drug and Food Control
| | - Gaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University
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Zhang QS, Tian FW, Zhao JX, Zhang H, Zhai QX, Chen W. The influence of dietary patterns on gut microbiome and its consequences for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhang L, Gao X, Zhou J, Chen S, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen B, Yang J. Increased risks of dental caries and periodontal disease in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Int Dent J 2020; 70:227-236. [PMID: 31998967 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be associated with oral diseases, but few relevant studies have been reported in China. This study aimed to compare the prevalence, severity and extent of dental caries and periodontal disease in Chinese IBD patients and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires and oral examinations were completed for 389 IBD patients [265 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 124 with ulcerative colitis (UC)] and 265 healthy controls based on the established criteria of the World Health Organization. Tobit regression, multiple linear regression and logistic regression were performed to analyse the data. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, the decayed, missing and filled surfaces indices were significantly increased in the CD and UC patients compared with those in the controls (P < 0.001). Patients with CD [odds ratio (OR) = 4.27, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.63-6.95, P < 0.001] and UC (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.24-3.94, P = 0.007) had significantly higher risks of dental caries than controls. Significantly higher percentages of sites with probing pocket depth ≥ 5 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥ 4 mm were observed in CD and UC patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). A fully adjusted model revealed that CD and UC were risk indicators for periodontitis (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 2.50-7.95, P < 0.001; OR = 4.66, 95% CI: 2.49-8.71, P < 0.001, respectively). No significant differences in dental caries and periodontal disease were observed between the CD and UC patients. CONCLUSIONS Chinese IBD patients have a higher prevalence, severity and extent of dental caries and/or periodontal disease than controls, and require oral health education and multidisciplinary treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamin Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingfan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baili Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junying Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang G, Joel MDM, Yuan J, Wang J, Cai X, Ocansey DKW, Yan Y, Qian H, Zhang X, Xu W, Mao F. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate inflammatory bowel disease by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation in neutrophils. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:603-616. [PMID: 31938969 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be caused by a variety of factors, including hereditary and environmental influences, that lead to dysfunction of the intestinal immune system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit important regulatory roles in relieving inflammation and repairing damaged tissues. Although neutrophils are important participants in the development of inflammatory reactions, they are also essential for maintaining intestinal balance during the process of mitigation of IBD by MSCs. Here, we constructed a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse IBD model and evaluated the effects of treatment with human umbilical cord MSCs. Mouse body weight, faecal traits, colon/spleen gross morphology, tissue histology and immunohistochemical staining, and inflammatory factors were analysed. Magnetic beads were used to sort infiltrating neutrophils from intestinal tissues, and their phenotypes were identified. The neutrophil inflammatory environment was also simulated in vitro, and signalling pathways involved in MSC regulation of neutrophil phenotype were analysed. Human umbilical cord MSCs effectively alleviated DSS-induced weight loss, colon shortening, and intestinal mucosal injury, and reduced clinical disease activity index. The number of neutrophils that infiltrated the intestines of mice treated with human umbilical cord MSCs were decreased and polarised toward the N2 phenotype; at the same time, ERK phosphorylation was inhibited. In vitro experiments showed that addition of the ERK phosphorylation inhibitor, PD98059, down-regulated the expression of N1 neutrophils, while up-regulating that of N2 neutrophils. The colon tissues from patients with IBD were infiltrated with neutrophils. Further, relative to healthy controls, the markers of N1 neutrophils (ICAM-1, FAS, and CCL3) were highly expressed in colon tissues from patients with IBD, whereas the markers of N2 neutrophils (VEGF, CCL2, and CXCR4) were almost undetectable. In conclusion, during alleviation of IBD, human umbilical cord MSCs polarise neutrophils toward the "N2" phenotype by inhibiting activation of ERK signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mbobda Defo Marius Joel
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Yuan
- The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang, 212300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Microglia, Lifestyle Stress, and Neurodegeneration. Immunity 2020; 52:222-240. [PMID: 31924476 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia biology, including their major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Technological advances have enabled the identification of microglial signatures in health and disease, including the development of new models to investigate and manipulate human microglia in vivo in the context of disease. In parallel, genetic association studies have identified several gene risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease that are specifically or highly expressed by microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we discuss evidence for the effect of stress, diet, sleep patterns, physical activity, and microbiota composition on microglia biology and consider how lifestyle might influence an individual's predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how different lifestyles and environmental factors might regulate microglia, potentially leading to increased susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease, and we highlight the need to investigate the contribution of modern environmental factors on microglia modulation in neurodegeneration.
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Marrone MC, Coccurello R. Dietary Fatty Acids and Microbiota-Brain Communication in Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Biomolecules 2019; 10:E12. [PMID: 31861745 PMCID: PMC7022659 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a multimodal communication system along which immune, metabolic, autonomic, endocrine and enteric nervous signals can shape host physiology and determine liability, development and progression of a vast number of human diseases. Here, we broadly discussed the current knowledge about the either beneficial or deleterious impact of dietary fatty acids on microbiota-brain communication (MBC), and the multiple mechanisms by which different types of lipids can modify gut microbial ecosystem and contribute to the pathophysiology of major neuropsychiatric diseases (NPDs), such as schizophrenia (SCZ), depression and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Marrone
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Complex System (ISC), 00185 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS–S. Lucia Foundation (FSL), 00143 Rome, Italy
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50
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da Silva-Maia JK, Batista ÂG, Cazarin CBB, Soares ES, Bogusz Junior S, Leal RF, da Cruz-Höfling MA, Maróstica Junior MR. Aqueous Extract of Brazilian Berry ( Myrciaria jaboticaba) Peel Improves Inflammatory Parameters and Modulates Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in Rats with Induced-Colitis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112776. [PMID: 31731626 PMCID: PMC6893622 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds could be a complementary alternative to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. This study determined the effects of an aqueous extract of Myrciaria jaboticaba peel (EJP) (50 g L-1) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis. Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: HC-healthy control, CC-colitis control, DC-drug control, SJ-short-term treatment with EJP, and LJ-long-term treatment with EJP. The EJP treatments reduced body weight loss, stool consistency score, and spleen enlargement. Gut microbiota was modulated through increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts after EJP treatment. Short-chain fatty acids were also higher in the EJP treatment groups. The antioxidant enzyme activities were greater than CC or DC controls. Myeloperoxidase activity (LJ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (LJ/SJ), and intercellular adhesion molecule (SJ) levels were lower than in the CC group. EJP decreased histological scoring, mucosal thickness, and preserved the crypts and histological structure. Therefore, EJP showed beneficial effects and could be potentially used as an adjuvant in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Kelly da Silva-Maia
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Rua das Artes—Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59075-000, Brazil
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.K.d.S.-M.); (M.R.M.J.); Tel.: +55-8432153135 (J.K.d.S.-M.); +55-19-35214078 (M.R.M.J.)
| | - Ângela Giovana Batista
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Maria—UFSM—Campus Palmeira das Missões, Av. Independência, nº 3751, Palmeira das Missões, RS CEP 98300-000, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Edilene Siqueira Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Stanislau Bogusz Junior
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Raquel Franco Leal
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.K.d.S.-M.); (M.R.M.J.); Tel.: +55-8432153135 (J.K.d.S.-M.); +55-19-35214078 (M.R.M.J.)
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