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Alessie RJM, Angelini V, van den Berg GJ, Mierau JO, Niccodemi G. Using data on biomarkers and siblings to study early-life economic determinants of type-2 diabetes. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 33:1266-1283. [PMID: 38402587 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
We study the effect of economic conditions early in life on the occurrence of type-2 diabetes in adulthood using contextual economic indicators and within-sibling pair variation. We use data from Lifelines: a longitudinal cohort study and biobank including 51,270 siblings born in the Netherlands from 1950 onward. Sibling fixed-effects account for selective fertility. To identify type-2 diabetes we use biomarkers on the hemoglobin A1c concentration and fasting glucose in the blood. We find that adverse economic conditions around birth increase the probability of type-2 diabetes later in life both in males and in females. Inference based on self-reported diabetes leads to biased results, incorrectly suggesting the absence of an effect. The same applies to inference that does not account for selective fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob J M Alessie
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Netspar, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Viola Angelini
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Netspar, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J van den Berg
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
- ZEW, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen O Mierau
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Lifelines, Roden, The Netherlands
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Zhao W, Kelly AC, Luna-Ramirez RI, Bidwell CA, Anderson MJ, Limesand SW. Decreased Pyruvate but Not Fatty Acid Driven Mitochondrial Respiration in Skeletal Muscle of Growth Restricted Fetal Sheep. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15760. [PMID: 37958743 PMCID: PMC10648961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (FGR) have impaired oxidative and energy metabolism, with persistent consequences on their postnatal development. In this study, we test the hypothesis that FGR skeletal muscle has lower mitochondrial respiration rate and alters the transcriptomic profiles associated with energy metabolism in an ovine model. At late gestation, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) and transcriptome profiles were evaluated in the skeletal muscle collected from FGR and control fetuses. The ex vivo mitochondrial OCRs were reduced (p < 0.01) in permeabilized FGR soleus muscle compared to the control muscle but only with pyruvate as the metabolic substrate. Mitochondrial OCRs were similar between the FGR and control groups for palmitoyl-carnitine (fatty acid-driven) or pyruvate plus palmitoyl-carnitine metabolic substrates. A total of 2284 genes were differentially expressed in the semitendinosus muscle from growth restricted fetuses (false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05). A pathway analysis showed that the upregulated genes (FGR compared to control) were overrepresented for autophagy, HIF-1, AMPK, and FOXO signaling pathways (all with an FDR < 0.05). In addition, the expression of genes modulating pyruvate's entry into the TCA cycle was downregulated, whereas the genes encoding key fatty acid oxidation enzymes were upregulated in the FGR muscle. These findings show that FGR skeletal muscle had attenuated mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation, possibly associated with the inability of pyruvate to enter into the TCA cycle, and that fatty acid oxidation might compensate for the attenuated energy metabolism. The current study provided phenotypic and molecular evidence for adaptive deficiencies in FGR skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Zhao
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (W.Z.); (A.C.K.); (R.I.L.-R.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Amy C. Kelly
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (W.Z.); (A.C.K.); (R.I.L.-R.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Rosa I. Luna-Ramirez
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (W.Z.); (A.C.K.); (R.I.L.-R.); (M.J.A.)
| | | | - Miranda J. Anderson
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (W.Z.); (A.C.K.); (R.I.L.-R.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Sean W. Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (W.Z.); (A.C.K.); (R.I.L.-R.); (M.J.A.)
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Veit W, Browning H. Developmental Programming, Evolution, and Animal Welfare: A Case for Evolutionary Veterinary Science. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2023; 26:552-564. [PMID: 34913795 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2021.2014838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The conditions animals experience during the early developmental stages of their lives can have critical ongoing effects on their future health, welfare, and proper development. In this paper we draw on evolutionary theory to improve our understanding of the processes of developmental programming, particularly Predictive Adaptive Responses (PAR) that serve to match offspring phenotype with predicted future environmental conditions. When these predictions fail, a mismatch occurs between offspring phenotype and the environment, which can have long-lasting health and welfare effects. Examples include metabolic diseases resulting from maternal nutrition and behavioral changes from maternal stress. An understanding of these processes and their evolutionary origins will help in identifying and providing appropriate developmental conditions to optimize offspring welfare. This serves as an example of the benefits of using evolutionary thinking within veterinary science and we suggest that in the same way that evolutionary medicine has helped our understanding of human health, the implementation of evolutionary veterinary science (EvoVetSci) could be a useful way forward for research in animal health and welfare.
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Lis-Kuberka J, Pupek M, Orczyk-Pawiłowicz M. The Mother-Child Dyad Adipokine Pattern: A Review of Current Knowledge. Nutrients 2023; 15:4059. [PMID: 37764842 PMCID: PMC10535905 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An important role in the network of interconnections between the mother and child is played by adipokines, which are adipose tissue hormones engaged in the regulation of metabolism. Alternations of maternal adipokines translate to the worsening of maternal insulin resistance as well as metabolic stress, altered placenta functions, and fetal development, which finally contribute to long-term metabolic unfavorable conditions. This paper is the first to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the concentrations of individual adipokines in different biological fluids of maternal and cord plasma, newborn/infant plasma, milk, and the placenta, where it highlights the impact of adverse perinatal risk factors, including gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, and maternal obesity on the adipokine patterns in maternal-infant dyads. The importance of adipokine measurement and relationships in biological fluids during pregnancy and lactation is crucial for public health in the area of prevention of most diet-related metabolic diseases. The review highlights the huge knowledge gap in the field of hormones participating in the energy homeostasis and metabolic pathways during perinatal and postnatal periods in the mother-child dyad. An in-depth characterization is needed to confirm if the adverse outcomes of early developmental programming might be modulated via maternal lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Lis-Kuberka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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Fetal growth restriction followed by early catch-up growth impairs pancreatic islet morphology in male rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2732. [PMID: 36792668 PMCID: PMC9932152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR), followed by postnatal early catch-up growth, is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes in humans. This study aims to determine the effects of FGR and early catch-up growth after birth on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, with particular attention to glucose tolerance, pancreatic islet morphology, and fibrosis, and to elucidate its mechanism using proteomics analysis. The FGR rat model was made by inducing mild intrauterine hypoperfusion using ameroid constrictors (ACs). On day 17 of pregnancy, ACs were affixed to the uterine and ovarian arteries bilaterally, causing a 20.9% reduction in birth weight compared to sham pups. On postnatal day 4 (P4), the pups were assigned to either the good nutrition (GN) groups with 5 pups per dam to ensure postnatal catch-up growth or poor nutrition groups with 15 pups per dam to maintain lower body weight. After weaning, all pups were fed regular chow food ad libitum (P21). Rats in both FGR groups developed glucose intolerance; however, male rats in the FGR good nutrition (FGR-GN) group also developed hypertriglyceridemia and dysmorphic pancreatic islets with fibrosis. A comprehensive and functional analysis of proteins expressed in the pancreas showed that FGR, followed by early catch-up growth, severely aggravated cell adhesion-related protein expression in male offspring. Thus, FGR and early catch-up growth caused pancreatic islet morphological abnormalities and fibrosis associated with the disturbance of cell adhesion-related protein expressions. These changes likely induce glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia in male rats.
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Altered Liver Metabolism, Mitochondrial Function, Oxidative Status, and Inflammatory Response in Intrauterine Growth Restriction Piglets with Different Growth Patterns before Weaning. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111053. [PMID: 36355136 PMCID: PMC9696915 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent occurrence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) causes huge economic losses in the pig industry. Accelerated catch-up growth (CUG) in the early stage of life could restore multiple adverse outcomes of IUGR offspring; however, there is little knowledge about this beneficial phenomenon. We previously found that nutrient absorption related to intestinal function was globally promoted in CUG-IUGR piglets before weaning, which might be the dominant reason for CUG, but what this alteration could lead to in subsequent liver metabolism is still unknown. Firstly, a Normal, CUG, and non-catch-up growth (NCUG) piglet model before weaning was established by dividing eighty litters of newborn piglets into normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR groups according to birth weight, and those piglets with IUGR but above-average weanling body weight were considered CUG, and the piglets with IUGR still below average body weight were considered NCUG at weaning day (d 26). Liver samples were collected and then systematically compared in glycolipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, antioxidant status, and inflammatory status among these three different growth models. Enhanced hepatic uptake of fatty acids, diminished de novo synthesis of fatty acids, and increased oxidation of fatty acids were observed in CUG livers compared to Normal and NCUG. In contrast, the NCUG liver showed enhanced glucose uptake and gluconeogenesis compared to Normal and CUG. We also observed deteriorating hepatic vacuolation in NCUG piglets, while increasing hepatic lipid deposition in CUG piglets. Besides, the expression of genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism and biogenesis was reduced in CUG piglets and the phosphorylation level of AMPK was significantly higher compared to Normal (p < 0.05). Moreover, NCUG liver showed decreased T-AOC (p < 0.01) and GSH-PX (p < 0.05), increased MDA concentrations (p < 0.01), upregulated phosphorylation levels of ERK and NF-κB (p < 0.05), and elevated pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05) compared to Normal. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between glucose metabolism and inflammatory factors, while a negative correlation between mitochondrial function-related genes and fatty acid transport. NGUG piglets showed simultaneous enhancement of glucose uptake and gluconeogenesis, as well as reduced antioxidant capacity and increased inflammatory status, whereas CUG comes at the expense of impaired hepatic mitochondrial function and pathological fat accumulation.
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Hogervorst J, Virgolino A, Halldorsson TI, Vinceti M, Åkesson A, Leander K, Nawrot T, Filippini T, Laguzzi F. Maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113705. [PMID: 35724727 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide is a food contaminant linked to developmental toxicity in animals and possibly in humans. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies evaluating the relationship between maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy and the risk of being small for gestational age (SGA) and birth weight, birth head circumference and birth length. METHODS We performed the literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, until June 6th, 2022. Studies carried out in mother-newborn pairs, assessing maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy, either via dietary assessments or biomarkers i.e., hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (AA-Hb) and glycidamide (GA-Hb), and evaluating birth outcomes were included. We employed a random-effects model to assess the pooled effect estimates and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between acrylamide exposure and birth outcomes. Risk of Bias for Nutrition Observational Studies tool was used for bias assessment. RESULTS Out of 169 records identified, five original studies were eligible, including 53,870 mother-newborn pairs in total. Means were 21.9 μg/day for estimated dietary acrylamide exposure (3 studies), and 18.4 and 14.9 pmol/g for AA-Hb and GA-Hb, respectively (2 studies). Higher risk of SGA and lower birth weight and head circumference were observed in the highest quartile of AA-Hb [odds ratio (OR): 1.20 (95% CI: 1.08; 1.33); mean difference (MD): -131 g (95% CI: -204; -58) and -0.31 cm (95% CI: -0.58; -0.04), respectively], and GA-Hb [OR: 1.36 (95% CI: 1.13; 1.64), MD: -161 g (95% CI: -271; -52); and MD: -0.38 cm (95% CI: -0.66; -0.10), respectively], whereas a lower birth length was observed only in the highest quartile of GA-Hb (MD: -0.85 cm (95% CI: -1.38; -0.33). Results from the dose-response meta-analysis between increasing maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy and birth weight showed no clear evidence of a deviation from linearity. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings strengthen the evidence of an adverse effect of maternal acrylamide exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth. These results encourage to increase preventive actions towards lowering acrylamide exposure in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ana Virgolino
- EnviHeB Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thorhallur I Halldorsson
- Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN) - Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN) - Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Eberle C, Stichling S. Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1572. [PMID: 35982427 PMCID: PMC9389831 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications globally. Environmental risk factors may lead to increased glucose levels and GDM, which in turn may affect not only the health of the mother but assuming hypotheses of "fetal programming", also the health of the offspring. In addition to traditional GDM risk factors, the evidence is growing that environmental influences might affect the development of GDM. We conducted a systematic review analyzing the association between several environmental health risk factors in pregnancy, including climate factors, chemicals and metals, and GDM. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science Core Collection databases for research articles published until March 2021. Epidemiological human and animal model studies that examined GDM as an outcome and / or glycemic outcomes and at least one environmental risk factor for GDM were included. Results Of n = 91 studies, we classified n = 28 air pollution, n = 18 persistent organic pollutants (POP), n = 11 arsenic, n = 9 phthalate n = 8 bisphenol A (BPA), n = 8 seasonality, n = 6 cadmium and n = 5 ambient temperature studies. In total, we identified two animal model studies. Whilst we found clear evidence for an association between GDM and air pollution, ambient temperature, season, cadmium, arsenic, POPs and phthalates, the findings regarding phenols were rather inconsistent. There were clear associations between adverse glycemic outcomes and air pollution, ambient temperature, season, POPs, phenols, and phthalates. Findings regarding cadmium and arsenic were heterogeneous (n = 2 publications in each case). Conclusions Environmental risk factors are important to consider in the management and prevention of GDM. In view of mechanisms of fetal programming, the environmental risk factors investigated may impair the health of mother and offspring in the short and long term. Further research is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13965-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Eberle
- Medicine With Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda, University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Strasse 123, 36037, Fulda, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Stichling
- Medicine With Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda, University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Strasse 123, 36037, Fulda, Germany
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Sun N, Li W, Osibogun O, Kalan ME, Jebai R, Gautam P, Taskin T, Yin W, Jones JA, Gamber M, Sun W. Adolescence exposure to China's great famine period and the association of metabolic syndrome in adulthood: a retrospective study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:688. [PMID: 35395755 PMCID: PMC8991788 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to famine during early life is related to several adverse health outcomes in adulthood, but the effect of famine exposure during adolescence is unclear. This study aims to examine whether exposure to famine in adolescence is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood. METHODS This study included 4130 Chinese adults (2059 males and 2071 females) aged 59-71 from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). All the selected participants were exposed to the three-year time period (1959-1961) of China's Great Famine. Participants were categorized into an adolescent-exposed group (born 01/01/1944-12/31/1948) and a non-adolescent-exposed group (born 01/01/1940-12/31/1941 and 01/01/1951-12/31/1952). Sex-stratified multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between exposure to famine in adolescence and MetS. RESULTS Participants exposed to famine during adolescence were more likely to report MetS (aOR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.01-1.78) compared to the non-adolescent-exposed group. Further, males were 45% less likely to report MetS than females (aOR = 0.55; 95%CI 0.36-0.83). After stratification by sex, the effects of famine exposure during adolescence on MetS were detected among males only (aOR = 1.97; 95%CI 1.20-3.24). Additionally, males with a history of drinking were more likely to report MetS compared to those with no history of drinking (aOR = 2.63; 95%CI 1.41-4.90). CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that exposure to famine during adolescence is associated with higher odds of MetS in adulthood overall, and this association is only pronounced among males. This study emphasizes that undernutrition in early life, including adolescence, may have a long-term effect and be associated with adverse health events in middle-to-late life. Targeting those elderly people who suffered famine during adolescence may help prevent the development of MetS in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan
- School of Medicine, Linberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rime Jebai
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Prem Gautam
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tanjila Taskin
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wupeng Yin
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffery A Jones
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Michelle Gamber
- School of Health Professions, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Suite 220 B, Winchester, VA, 22601, USA.
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Center for Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 1111 W. 17th Street, Tulsa, OK, 74017, USA.
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Zhou R, Zhang X, Huang L, Wang S, Li L, Dong M, Zhu X, Liu F. The impact of different cycle regimens on birthweight of singletons in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of ovulatory women. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:573-582. [PMID: 35120746 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether different endometrial preparation regimens affect neonatal outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care academic medical center. PATIENTS A total of 3,639 patients with live-born singletons were categorized into three groups on the basis of the type of endometrial preparation regimens. Of these, 1,225, 2,136, and 278 live-born singletons were conceived through natural cycle FET, artificial cycle FET, and stimulated cycle FET, respectively. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcomes were the measures of birthweight including the absolute mean birthweight, Z-score, low birthweight, high birthweight (HBW), small for gestational age, and large for gestational age (LGA). RESULTS After controlling for a variety of covariates, singletons from the artificial cycle FET group had a higher mean birthweight and Z-score than those from the natural cycle FET group and stimulated cycle FET group. The risk of LGA infants significantly increased in the artificial cycle group (14.0%) than that in the natural cycle group (10.3%) and stimulated cycle group (7.6%). The risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the artificial cycle group (4.4%) was significantly higher than that in the natural cycle group (2.5%). The stimulated cycle FET singletons had a higher risk of low birthweight than the natural cycle FET singletons. The other perinatal outcomes, including the incidence of preterm birth, small for gestational age, and gestational diabetes mellitus, were comparable between the groups before or after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Singletons from artificial cycle FET were associated with a higher risk of LGA infants, and natural cycle FET may be a better regimen for ovulatory women. Our results indicate a link between the absence of the corpus luteum and adverse perinatal outcomes, and further studies are needed to detect the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiong Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlu Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Differential and Synergistic Effects of Low Birth Weight and Western Diet on Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Signaling in Male Guinea Pigs. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124315. [PMID: 34959870 PMCID: PMC8704817 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low birth weight (LBW) offspring are at increased risk for developing insulin resistance, a key precursor in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered skeletal muscle vasculature, extracellular matrix, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling are implicated in this pathogenesis. Using uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) to induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and LBW in the guinea pig, we investigated the relationship between UPI-induced IUGR/LBW and later life skeletal muscle arteriole density, fibrosis, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, markers of insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and how a postnatal high-fat, high-sugar “Western” diet (WD) modulates these changes. Muscle of 145-day-old male LBW glucose-tolerant offspring displayed diminished vessel density and altered acylcarnitine levels. Disrupted muscle insulin signaling despite maintained whole-body glucose homeostasis also occurred in both LBW and WD-fed male “lean” offspring. Additionally, postnatal WD unmasked LBW-induced impairment of mitochondrial lipid metabolism, as reflected by increased acylcarnitine accumulation. This study provides evidence that early markers of skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction appear to be influenced by the in utero environment and interact with a high-fat/high-sugar postnatal environment to exacerbate altered mitochondrial lipid metabolism, promoting mitochondrial overload.
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Cocucci SE, Di Carlo MB, Touzón MS, Santacruz MG, Payalef SN, Reyes AP, Ruda Vega H, Vazquez Blanco M, Perazzi BE. Biochemical profiling study in umbilical cord blood in mothers with metabolic disorders. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:8317-8326. [PMID: 34496692 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1973994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy metabolic disorders that affect differently the fetus, are known. These could be early or late disorders. OBJECTIVES To analyze different biochemical parameters in umbilical cord blood (UCB) of healthy and pathological newborns from mothers with metabolic disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from UCB (121) were analyzed of newborn from mothers with metabolic disorders who attended at Obstetrics Division. Patients were consecutive, prospective and transversally studied. Newborn were classified as healthy (n = 65) and pathological (n = 56). The maternal metabolic disorders were gestational or non-gestational diabetes, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and/or obesity).The disorders of the pathological newborns were intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and/or fetal distress. Glucose (Glu), urea, creatinine, uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TB), total proteins (TP), albumin (Alb), transaminases (ALT/AST), alkaline-phosphatase (ALP), gammaglutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), creatinkinasa (CK), lactatedehydrogenase, amylase (amy), pseudocholinesterase, iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), sodium, potassium, chlorine, cholesterol (Chol), HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, triglycerides (TG), high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined by recommended methods. T-Student's and Mann Withney tests were applied, p < .05. RESULTS Pathological neonates (n: 56) showed a significant decrease in maternal gestation weeks (GW) and in newborn weight (NW) with respect to healthy newborns (n: 65) from mothers with metabolic disorders (p < .0001). Pathological neonates from mothers with metabolic pathologies (n: 56) showed significant increases in Chol, TG, TB (p < .01), LDL-Chol, UA, Mg, hsCRP, ALP levels (p < .05) and significant decreases in TP, Alb (p < .0001) and Glu, ALT, CK, GGT, amy (p < .05) in UCB with respect to healthy newborns. CONCLUSIONS In pathological newborn, the decrease in GW and NW would be related to IUGR that accompany these metabolic disorders. The increases observed of the analyzed parameters would be related to cellular destruction associated to maternal pathology and decreases of the parameters to IUGR with hepatic immaturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Ema Cocucci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Di Carlo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Sol Touzón
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirtha Gabriela Santacruz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Noemi Payalef
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Reyes
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hilda Ruda Vega
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División Obstetricia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Vazquez Blanco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División Cardiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Elizabeth Perazzi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Martins MG, Cruz AGD, Oliveira GPD, Woodside B, Horta-Júnior JDADCE, Kiss ACI. Effects of snack intake during pregnancy and lactation on reproductive outcome in mild hyperglycemic rats. Physiol Behav 2021; 240:113544. [PMID: 34332976 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders, like diabetes, as well as maternal diet, alter nutrient availability in utero, inducing adaptations in the offspring. Whether the effects of maternal hyperglycemia are modulated by diet, however, has yet to be explored. In the current study, we examined this issue by giving females rats, treated neonatally with STZ to induce mild hyperglycemia, and control littermates either ad libitum access to standard chow (Control n = 17; STZ n = 16) or standard chow and snacks (Control-snack n = 18; STZ-snack n = 19) (potato chips and a red fruit-flavored sucrose syrup solution 1.5%) throughout pregnancy and lactation. We hypothesized that the maternal glucose intolerance typically seen in female rats treated neonatally with STZ would be exacerbated by snack intake, and that the combination of snack intake and STZ treatment would lead to alterations in maternal behavior and offspring development. Maternal body weight and food intake were measured daily through pregnancy and lactation and litter weight throughout lactation. At birth, litter size, offspring weight, body length, and anogenital distance were obtained and offspring were classified according to their weight. Measures of nursing and retrieval behavior, as well as exploration in the open field and the elevated plus-maze were also recorded. As predicted, snack intake tended to aggravate the glucose intolerance of STZ-treated rats during pregnancy. Both Control and STZ-treated females that had access to snacks ate more calories and fat, but less carbohydrate and protein than females having access to chow alone. Overall, STZ-treated dams gave birth to fewer pups. Chow-fed STZ females gave birth to a greater proportion of large for pregnancy age pups, whereas dams in the Control-snack group gave birth to a greater proportion of small pups. The birth weight classification of pups born to STZ-snack rats, however, resembled that of the Control chow-fed females. Although all litters gained weight during lactation, litters from snack-fed dams gained less weight regardless of maternal hyperglycemia and did not show catch-up growth by weaning. Overall, STZ rats spent more time nest building, whereas the average inter milk ejection interval was higher in snack-fed females. STZ-snack dams retrieved the complete litter faster than dams in the other groups. Together, these data suggest that when mild hyperglycemic females are given access to snacks throughout pregnancy and lactation their intake is similar to that of Control females given snack access. The combination of hyperglycemia and snack access tended to decrease glucose tolerance in pregnancy, and normalized birth weight classification, but produced few other effects that were not seen as a function of snack intake or hyperglycemia alone. Since birth weight is a strong predictor of health issues, future studies will further investigate offspring behavioral and metabolic outcomes later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Galleazzo Martins
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Gonçalves da Cruz
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Giovana Pereira de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Barbara Woodside
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Psychology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4B 1R6
| | - José de Anchieta de Castro E Horta-Júnior
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Inhasz Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences of the University of São Paulo (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
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Wang B, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Yang X, Wang Y. Effects of different cycle regimens for frozen embryo transfer on perinatal outcomes of singletons. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1612-1622. [PMID: 32681726 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the endometrial preparation protocol for frozen embryo transfer (FET) have an impact on perinatal outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Singleton newborns from conceptions after an artificial FET cycle had a higher risk of being large for gestational age (LGA). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Most previous studies have concentrated on the clinical pregnancy, miscarriage and live birth rates of different endometrial preparation protocols for FET. However, the impacts of these cycle regimens on perinatal outcomes including birthweight, gestational age (GA) and related outcomes require more investigation. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We retrospectively analysed all singletons conceived by women who underwent non-donor FET cycles between July 2014 and July 2017. The propensity score matching (PSM) method using nearest neighbour matching at a proportion of 1:1 was established to adjust for factors that influence the probability of receiving different FET cycle regimens. The main outcomes of the study included birthweight and its related outcomes, Z-score, low birthweight (LBW, <2500 g), small for gestational age (SGA, ≤10th percentile of referential birthweight), LGA (≥90th percentile of referential birthweight) and macrosomia (birthweight >4000 g). The study outcomes also included GA at birth, preterm delivery (<37 weeks), very preterm delivery (<32 weeks), very low birthweight (VLBW, <1500 g), term LBW (at 37 weeks of gestation or greater) and preterm LBW (at <37 weeks of gestation). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 9267 cycles with live-born singletons were included in the analysis in our centre between July 2014 and July 2017. Of these, 2224, 4299 and 2744 live-born singletons were conceived by natural cycle FET, stimulated cycle FET and artificial cycle FET, respectively. After PSM, 1947 cycles of natural cycle FET versus stimulated cycle FET, 1682 cycles of stimulated cycle FET versus artificial cycle FET and 2333 cycles of natural cycle FET versus artificial cycle FET were included in the analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A higher mean birthweight and Z-score were observed in the artificial cycle FET group than in the stimulated cycle FET group (P = 0.005; P = 0.004, respectively). Singleton newborns conceived after artificial cycle FET were more likely to be LGA than those born after natural cycle FET or stimulated cycle FET (19.92% versus 16.94% and 19.29% versus 16.12%, respectively). The adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 1.25 (1.05, 1.49) for artificial cycle FET compared with natural cycle FET (P = 0.014) and 1.26 (1.08, 1.46) for artificial cycle FET compared with stimulated cycle FET (P = 0.003). Newborns conceived after stimulated cycle FET had a lower mean GA at birth and a lower mean birthweight than those born after natural cycle FET or artificial cycle FET. The stimulated cycle FET group had lower adjusted odds of being macrosomia than the natural cycle FET group. No significant differences between natural cycle FET and stimulated cycle FET were found for any of the other outcomes. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study had the disadvantage of being retrospective, and some cases were excluded due to missing data. The original allocation process was not randomized, which may have introduced bias. We have chosen not to account for multiple comparisons in our statistical analysis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS LGA can have long-term consequences in terms of risk for disease, which means that the influences of artificial cycle FET are of clinical significance and deserve more attention. Furthermore, these findings are critical for clinicians to be able to make an informed decision when choosing an endometrial preparation method. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31770989 to Y.W.) and the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Foundation of China (JYLJ030 to Y.W.). None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to evaluate short- and long-term consequences in children born to women after different bariatric surgery (BS) procedures. METHODS A questionnaire survey was given to the mothers referred from 1994 to 2019 to our center for pregnancy and delivery management after BS procedures: (a) malabsorptive surgery, (b) restrictive procedures, and (c) combined restrictive-malabsorptive procedures. RESULTS Data from 74 children born after BS, aged 0 month to 12 years, were analyzed. The prevalence of children with underweight was 5.4%, normal weight 59.5%, overweight 16.2%, and obesity 18.9%. The prevalence of obesity was higher in children pre-school aged than that in school-aged ones. Neurodevelopmental disorders were more frequent if maternal BMI before bariatric surgery was ≥ 41 kg/m2 (p = 0.008), as well as if the pregnancy occurred less than 18 months after BS (p = 0.028). In school-aged children conceived within 18 months after BS, the highest risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (p = 0.028) and overweight (p = 0.018) was observed. The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders was much higher for small for gestational age babies (p = 0.048). Children born after biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) showed less maternal breastfeeding, shorter breastfeeding duration, more overweight, and more occurrence of atopic dermatitis in comparison with children born after other bariatric procedures. CONCLUSIONS Postnatal health in children born to women after BS was impaired by long-term consequences and by other diseases later in life. Children born after BPD were particularly at higher risk for short and long term consequences when compared to children born after other BS procedures.
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16
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Hogervorst J, Vesper HW, Madhloum N, Gyselaers W, Nawrot T. Cord blood acrylamide levels and birth size, and interactions with genetic variants in acrylamide-metabolising genes. Environ Health 2021; 20:35. [PMID: 33794901 PMCID: PMC8015021 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to now, 3 epidemiological studies have shown clear inverse associations between prenatal acrylamide exposure and birth size. In addition to studying the association between acrylamide and birth size, we investigated the interaction between acrylamide and polymorphisms in acrylamide-metabolising genes, with the aim of probing the causality of the inverse relationship between acrylamide and fetal growth. METHODS We investigated the association between prenatal acrylamide exposure (acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adduct levels (AA-Hb and GA-Hb) in cord blood) and birth weight, length and head circumference in 443 newborns of the ENVIRONAGE (ENVIRonmental influence ON AGEing in early life) birth cohort. In addition, we studied interaction with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2E1, EPHX1 and GSTP1, using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Among all neonates, the body weight, length and head circumference of neonates in the highest quartile was - 101 g (95% CI: - 208, 7; p for trend = 0.12), - 0.13 cm (95% CI: - 0.62, 0.36; p for trend = 0.69) and - 0.41 cm (- 0.80, - 0.01; p for trend = 0.06) lower, respectively, compared to neonates in the lowest quartile of AA-Hb in cord blood, For GA-Hb, the corresponding effect estimates were - 222 g (95% CI: - 337, - 108; p for trend = 0.001), - 0.85 (95% CI: - 1.38, - 0.33; p for trend = 0.02) and - 0.55 (95% CI: - 0.98, - 0.11; p for trend = 0.01), respectively. The associations for GA-Hb were similar or stronger in newborns of non-smoking mothers. There was no statistically significant interaction between acrylamide exposure and the studied genetic variations but there was a trend of stronger inverse associations with birth weight and head circumference among newborns with homozygous wildtypes alleles for the CYP2E1 SNPS and with variant alleles for a GSTP1 SNP (rs1138272). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal dietary acrylamide exposure, specifically in the form of its metabolite glycidamide, was inversely associated with birth weight, length and head circumference. The interaction pattern with SNPs in CYP2E1, although not statistically significant, is an indication for the causality of this association. Other studies are needed to corroborate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Hubert W Vesper
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Narjes Madhloum
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
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Read SH, Rosella LC, Berger H, Feig DS, Fleming K, Ray JG, Shah BR, Lipscombe LL. BMI and risk of gestational diabetes among women of South Asian and Chinese ethnicity: a population-based study. Diabetologia 2021; 64:805-813. [PMID: 33486538 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to examine how BMI influences the association between Asian ethnicity and risk of gestational diabetes (GDM). METHODS This population-based cohort study included pregnant women without pre-existing diabetes mellitus in Ontario, Canada between 2012 and 2014. Women of Chinese and South Asian ethnicity were identified using a validated surname algorithm. GDM was ascertained using hospitalisation codes. The relationship between ethnicity and GDM was modelled using modified Poisson regression, adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, previous GDM, long-term residency status, income quintile and smoking status. An interaction term between ethnicity and pre-pregnancy BMI was tested. RESULTS Of 231,618 pregnant women, 9289 (4.0%) were of South Asian ethnicity and 12,240 (5.3%) were of Chinese ethnicity. Relative to women from the general population, in whom prevalence of GDM was 4.3%, the adjusted RR of GDM was higher among those of South Asian ethnicity (1.81 [95% CI 1.64, 1.99]) and Chinese ethnicity (1.66 [95% CI 1.53, 1.80]). The association between GDM and Asian ethnicity remained significant across BMI categories but differed according to BMI. The prevalence of GDM exceeded 5% at an estimated BMI of 21.5 kg/m2 among South Asian women, 23.0 kg/m2 among Chinese women and 29.5 kg/m2 among the general population. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The risk of GDM is significantly higher in South Asian and Chinese women, whose BMI is lower than that of women in the general population. Accordingly, targeted GDM prevention strategies may need to consider lower BMI cut-points for Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie H Read
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura C Rosella
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Berger
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Denice S Feig
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Fleming
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel G Ray
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Baiju R Shah
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lorraine L Lipscombe
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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May CM, Van den Akker EB, Zwaan BJ. The Transcriptome in Transition: Global Gene Expression Profiles of Young Adult Fruit Flies Depend More Strongly on Developmental Than Adult Diet. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.624306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental diet is known to exert long-term effects on adult phenotypes in many animal species as well as disease risk in humans, purportedly mediated through long-term changes in gene expression. However, there are few studies linking developmental diet to adult gene expression. Here, we use a full-factorial design to address how three different larval and adult diets interact to affect gene expression in 1-day-old adult fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) of both sexes. We found that the largest contributor to transcriptional variation in young adult flies is larval, and not adult diet, particularly in females. We further characterized gene expression variation by applying weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify modules of co-expressed genes. In adult female flies, the caloric content of the larval diet associated with two strongly negatively correlated modules, one of which was highly enriched for reproduction-related processes. This suggests that gene expression in young adult female flies is in large part related to investment into reproduction-related processes, and that the level of expression is affected by dietary conditions during development. In males, most modules had expression patterns independent of developmental or adult diet. However, the modules that did correlate with larval and/or adult dietary regimes related primarily to nutrient sensing and metabolic functions, and contained genes highly expressed in the gut and fat body. The gut and fat body are among the most important nutrient sensing tissues, and are also the only tissues known to avoid histolysis during pupation. This suggests that correlations between larval diet and gene expression in male flies may be mediated by the carry-over of these tissues into young adulthood. Our results show that developmental diet can have profound effects on gene expression in early life and warrant future research into how they correlate with actual fitness related traits in early adulthood.
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Sandoval C, Askelson K, Lambo CA, Dunlap KA, Satterfield MC. Effect of maternal nutrient restriction on expression of glucose transporters (SLC2A4 and SLC2A1) and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle of SGA and Non-SGA sheep fetuses. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106556. [PMID: 33120168 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal nutrient restriction (NR) causes small for gestational age (SGA) offspring, which are at higher risk for accelerated postnatal growth and developing insulin resistance in adulthood. Skeletal muscle is essential for whole-body glucose metabolism, as 80% of insulin-mediated glucose uptake occurs in this tissue. Maternal NR can alter fetal skeletal muscle mass, expression of glucose transporters, insulin signaling, and myofiber type composition. It also leads to accumulation of intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG), which correlates to insulin resistance. Using a 50% NR treatment from gestational day (GD) 35 to GD 135 in sheep, we routinely observe a spectral phenotype of fetal weights within the NR group. Thus, we classified those fetuses into NR(Non-SGA; n = 11) and NR(SGA; n = 11). The control group (n = 12) received 100% of nutrient requirements throughout pregnancy. At GD 135, fetal plasma and gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were collected. In fetal plasma, total insulin was lower in NR(SGA) fetuses compared NR(Non-SGA) and control fetuses (P < 0.01), whereas total IGF-1 was lower in NR(SGA) fetuses compared with control fetuses (P < 0.05). Within gastrocnemius, protein expression of insulin receptor (INSRB; P < 0.05) and the glucose transporters, solute carrier family 2 member 1 and solute carrier family 2 member 4, was higher (P < 0.05) in NR(SGA) fetuses compared with NR(Non-SGA) fetuses; IGF-1 receptor protein was increased (P < 0.01) in NR(SGA) fetuses compared with control fetuses, and a lower (P < 0.01) proportion of type I myofibers (insulin sensitive and oxidative) was observed in SGA fetuses. For gastrocnemius muscle, the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) messenger RNA (mRNA) was upregulated (P < 0.05) in both NR(SGA) and NR(Non-SGA) fetuses compared with control fetuses, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) mRNA was higher (P < 0.05) in NR(Non-SGA) fetuses compared with control fetuses, but there were no differences (P > 0.05) for protein levels of LPL or CPT1B. Within soleus, there were no differences (P > 0.05) for any characteristic except for the proportion of type I myofibers, which was lower (P < 0.05) in NR(SGA) fetuses compared with control fetuses. Accumulation of IMTG did not differ (P > 0.05) in gastrocnemius or soleus muscles. Collectively, the results indicate molecular differences between SGA and Non-SGA fetuses for most characteristics, suggesting that maternal NR induces a spectral phenotype for the metabolic programming of those fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sandoval
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA; Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Región de Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile
| | - K Askelson
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - C A Lambo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - K A Dunlap
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - M C Satterfield
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
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Guo Y, Wang QJ, Zhang KH, Yao CY, Huang J, Li Q, Liu ZY, Zhang Y, Shan CH, Liu P, Wang MZ, An L, Tian JH, Wu ZH. Night-restricted feeding improves locomotor activity rhythm and modulates nutrient utilization to accelerate growth in rabbits. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21166. [PMID: 33184921 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001265rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An unfavorable lifestyle disrupts the circadian rhythm, leading to metabolic dysfunction in adult humans and animals. Increasing evidence suggests that night-restricted feeding (NRF) can effectively prevent ectopic fat deposition caused by circadian rhythm disruption, and reduce the risk of metabolic diseases. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the prevention of obesity in adults by regulating dietary patterns, whereas limited attention has been paid to the effect of NRF on metabolism during growth and development. Here, we used weaning rabbits as models and found that NRF increased body weight gain without increasing feed intake, and promoted insulin-mediated protein synthesis through the mTOR/S6K pathway and muscle formation by upregulating MYOG. NRF improved the circadian clock, promoted PDH-regulated glycolysis and CPT1B-regulated fatty-acid β-oxidation, and reduced fat content in the serum and muscles. In addition, NRF-induced body temperature oscillation might be partly responsible for the improvement in the circadian clock and insulin sensitivity. Time-restricted feeding could be used as a nondrug intervention to prevent obesity and accelerate growth in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei An
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hui Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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21
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Greene MA, Klotz JL, Goodman JP, May JB, Harlow BE, Baldwin WS, Strickland JR, Britt JL, Schrick FN, Duckett SK. Evaluation of oral citrulline administration as a mitigation strategy for fescue toxicosis in sheep. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa197. [PMID: 33269340 PMCID: PMC7684870 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestating ewes consuming ergot alkaloids, from endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue seed, suffer from intrauterine growth restriction and produce smaller lambs. Arginine (Arg) supplementation has been shown to increase birth weight and oral citrulline (Cit) administration is reported to increase arginine concentrations. Two experiments were conducted to: 1) evaluate if oral supplementation with Cit or water, to ewes consuming E+ fescue seed, increases lamb birth weight and 2) determine the effectiveness of Cit and citrulline:malate as an oral drench and elevating circulating levels of Cit to determine levels and dose frequency. In experiment 1, gestating Suffolk ewes (n = 10) were assigned to one of two treatments [oral drench of citrulline-malate 2:1 (CITM; 81 mg/kg/d of citrulline) or water (TOX)] to start on d 86 of gestation and continued until parturition. Ewes on CITM treatment had decreased (P < 0.05) plasma Arg and Cit concentrations during gestation. At birth, lambs from CITM ewes had reduced (P < 0.05) crude fat and total fat but did not differ (P > 0.05) in birth weight from lambs born to TOX ewes. In experiment 2, nonpregnant Suffolk ewes (n = 3) were assigned to either oral citrulline (CIT; 81 mg/kg/d), citrulline-malate 2:1 (CITM; 81 mg/kg/d of citrulline), or water (CON) drench in a Latin Square design for a treatment period of 4 d with a washout period of 3 d. On d 4, blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 18 h post drench. Oral drenching of CIT and CITM increased (P < 0.0001) Cit concentrations within 2 h and levels remained elevated for 6 h. Apparent half-life of elimination for CIT and CITM were 8.484 and 10.392 h, respectively. Our results show that lamb birth weight was not altered with a single oral drench of citrulline-malate; however, lamb body composition was altered. The level and frequency of citrulline dosing may need to be greater in order to observe consistent elevation of Cit/Arg concentrations to determine its effectiveness in mitigating fescue toxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maslyn A Greene
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
| | - James L Klotz
- USDA-ARS, Forage Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY
| | - Jack P Goodman
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - John B May
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | | | - James R Strickland
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
| | - Jessica L Britt
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
| | - F Neal Schrick
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Susan K Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
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22
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Qi KK, Wu J, Wen Jun Z, Bo D, Xu ZW. Catch-up growth in intrauterine growth-restricted piglets associated with the restore of pancreatic and intestinal functions via porcine glucagon-like peptide-2 microspheres. Arch Anim Nutr 2020; 74:462-475. [PMID: 33076701 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2020.1833598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal morphology and gastrointestinal function, such as reduced villi height and crypt depth, thinner mucosa and muscle layers, and reduced brush border enzyme activities, delayed gastric emptying, increased stress response. As a gastrointestinal growth factor, the manner by which the porcine glucagon-like peptide-2 (pGLP-2) microsphere administration restored the gastrointestinal function and growth performance of IUGR piglets was investigated. Fourteen newborn Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace) IUGR piglets (0.92 ± 0.113 kg) were assigned into the IUGR (negative control group) and pGLP-2 microsphere groups. The piglets in group pGLP-2 were intraperitoneally administered with 100 mg pGLP-2 microspheres on day 1 after birth. From days 15 to 26 of trial, the body weight of the pGLP-2 group was significantly higher than that of the control. IUGR piglets of group pGLP-2 showed a significantly increased pancreas weight, serum insulin content and activity of lipase and amylase. Injection of pGLP-2 microspheres restored the intestinal absorptive capacity by significantly increasing the mRNA expression of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 in the jejunum and the peptide transporter 1 in the jejunum. It also restored the redox balance by increasing the catalase mRNA expression and decreasing the heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression. In addition, this improvement was associated with the significant increase in gut diameter, length and weight. Therefore, it was concluded that the injection of pGLP-2 microspheres was a suitable therapeutic strategy for compensatory growth in low birth weight IUGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ke Qi
- Institute of Animal Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Wen Jun
- Institute of Animal Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou, China
| | - Deng Bo
- Institute of Animal Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Wei Xu
- Institute of Animal Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou, China
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23
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Bahado-Singh RO, Turkoglu O, Yilmaz A, Kumar P, Zeb A, Konda S, Sherman E, Kirma J, Allos M, Odibo A, Maulik D, Graham SF. Metabolomic identification of placental alterations in fetal growth restriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:447-456. [PMID: 32041426 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1722632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Fetal growth restriction (FGR), viz., birth weight <10th percentile is a common pregnancy complication which increases the risk of adverse fetal and newborn outcomes. The placenta is the key organ for fetal growth as it controls oxygen and nutrient availability. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms of and identify putative placental biomarkers for FGR using high-resolution metabolomics.Methods: Placenta samples from 19 FGR cases and 30 controls were analyzed using proton magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and direct flow injection mass spectrometry with reverse-phase liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (DI-LC-MS/MS). Significant concentration differences (p-value <.05) in 179 of the 220 metabolites were measured.Results: Of the 179 metabolites, 176 (98.3%) had reduced placental levels in FGR cases. The best performing metabolite model: 3-hydroxybutyrate, glycine and PCaaC42:0 achieved an AUC (95% CI) = 0.912 (0.814-1.000) with a sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 84.2% for FGR detection. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) revealed significant (p < .05) perturbation of multiple placental metabolite pathways including urea metabolism, ammonia recycling, porphyrin metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, galactose metabolism and perturbed protein biosynthesis.Conclusion: The placental metabolic pathway analysis revealed abnormalities that are consistent with fetal hepatic dysfunction in FGR. Near global reduction of metabolite concentrations was found in the placenta from FGR cases and metabolites demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy for FGR detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray O Bahado-Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Onur Turkoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Ali Yilmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Amna Zeb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Shruti Konda
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Sherman
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joseph Kirma
- Oakland University, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Mathew Allos
- Oakland University, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Anthony Odibo
- Morsani College of Medicine, USF Health, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Dev Maulik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Stewart F Graham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
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24
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Sandoval C, Wu G, Smith SB, Dunlap KA, Satterfield MC. Maternal Nutrient Restriction and Skeletal Muscle Development: Consequences for Postnatal Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1265:153-165. [PMID: 32761575 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe undernutrition and famine continue to be a worldwide concern, as cases have been increasing in the past 5 years, particularly in developing countries. The occurrence of nutrient restriction (NR) during pregnancy affects fetal growth, leading to small for gestational age (SGA) or intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) offspring. During adulthood, SGA and IUGR offspring are at a higher risk for the development of metabolic syndrome. Skeletal muscle is particularly sensitive to prenatal NR. This tissue plays an essential role in oxidation and glucose metabolism because roughly 80% of insulin-mediated glucose uptake occurs in muscle, and it represents around 40% of body weight. Alterations in myofiber number, hypertrophy and myofiber type composition, decreased protein synthesis, lower mitochondrial content and activity of oxidative enzymes, and increased accumulation of intramuscular triglycerides are among the described programming effects of maternal NR on skeletal muscle. Together, these features would add to a phenotype that is prone to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Insights from diverse animal models (i.e. ovine, swine, and rodent) have provided valuable information regarding the molecular mechanisms behind those altered developmental pathways. Understanding those molecular signatures supports the development of efficient treatments to counteract the effects of maternal NR on skeletal muscle, and its negative implications for postnatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Sandoval
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Stephen B Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kathrin A Dunlap
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - M Carey Satterfield
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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25
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Lecoutre S, Montel V, Vallez E, Pourpe C, Delmont A, Eury E, Verbanck M, Dickes-Coopman A, Daubersies P, Lesage J, Laborie C, Tailleux A, Staels B, Froguel P, Breton C, Vieau D. Transcription profiling in the liver of undernourished male rat offspring reveals altered lipid metabolism pathways and predisposition to hepatic steatosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1094-E1107. [PMID: 31638854 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00291.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and animal studies have reported an association between low birth weight and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in offspring. Using a model of prenatal maternal 70% food restriction diet (FR30) in the rat, we previously showed that maternal undernutrition predisposes offspring to altered lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, especially on a high-fat (HF) diet. Here, using microarray-based expression profiling combined with metabolic, endocrine, biochemical, histological, and lipidomic approaches, we assessed whether FR30 procedure sensitizes adult male offspring to impaired lipid metabolism in the liver. No obvious differences were noted in the concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and bile acids in the liver of 4-mo-old FR30 rats whichever postweaning diet was used. However, several clues suggest that offspring's lipid metabolism and steatosis are modified by maternal undernutrition. First, lipid composition was changed (i.e., higher total saturated fatty acids and lower elaidic acid) in the liver, whereas larger triglyceride droplets were observed in hepatocytes of undernourished rats. Second, FR30 offspring exhibited long-term impact on hepatic gene expression and lipid metabolism pathways on a chow diet. Although the transcriptome profile was globally modified by maternal undernutrition, cholesterol and bile acid biosynthesis pathways appear to be key targets, indicating that FR30 animals were predisposed to impaired hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Third, the FR30 protocol markedly modifies hepatic gene transcription profiles in undernourished offspring in response to postweaning HF. Overall, FR30 offspring may exhibit impaired metabolic flexibility, which does not enable them to properly cope with postweaning nutritional challenges influencing the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lecoutre
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | - Valérie Montel
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vallez
- Université Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Charlène Pourpe
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | | | - Elodie Eury
- Université Lille, UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Marie Verbanck
- Université Lille, UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Anne Dickes-Coopman
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | | | - Jean Lesage
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | - Christine Laborie
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Université Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Université Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Université Lille, UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Breton
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
| | - Didier Vieau
- Université Lille, EA4489, Equipe Malnutrition Maternelle et Programmation des Maladies Métaboliques, Lille, France
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26
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Safi-Stibler S, Gabory A. Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Parental environment signalling to the epigenome, critical time windows and sculpting the adult phenotype. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 97:172-180. [PMID: 31587964 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The literature about Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) studies is considerably growing. Maternal and paternal environment, during all the development of the individual from gametogenesis to weaning and beyond, as well as the psychosocial environment in childhood and teenage, can shape the adult and the elderly person's susceptibility to her/his own environment and diseases. This non-conventional, non-genetic, inheritance is underlain by several mechanisms among which epigenetics is obviously central, due to the notion of memory of early decisional events during development even when this stimulus is gone, that is implied in Waddington's developmental concept. This review first summarizes the different mechanisms by which the environment can model the epigenome: receptor signalling, energy metabolism and signal mechanotransduction from extracellular matrix to chromatin. Then an overview of the epigenetic changes in response to maternal environment during the vulnerability time windows, gametogenesis, early development, placentation and foetal growth, and postnatal period, is described, with the specific example of overnutrition and food deprivation. The implication of epigenetics in DOHaD is obvious, however the precise causal chain from early environment to the epigenome modifications to the phenotype still needs to be deciphered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Safi-Stibler
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Gabory
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Kwong W, Ray JG, Wu W, Feig DS, Lowe J, Lipscombe LL. Perinatal Outcomes Among Different Asian Groups With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Ontario: A Cohort Study. Can J Diabetes 2019; 43:606-612. [PMID: 31492620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether perinatal outcomes differ between Caucasian and Asian subgroups of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) through use of standard vs ethnicity-specific birthweight curves. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 537 women with GDM, within the ethnically diverse province of Ontario, Canada. Study outcomes included large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birthweights in newborns of women from prevalent Asian ethnic groups compared with newborns of Caucasian women. Odds ratios were adjusted for maternal age, parity, prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and insulin use in pregnancy. RESULTS Of the 537 women participing in the study, 228 (35.8%) were Caucasian, 109 (17.1%) South Asian, 141 (22.1%) East Asian and 59 (9.3%) Filipino. Using standard birthweight curves, compared with Caucasian women, the risk of LGA was lower among South Asian (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.065; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01 to 0.49) and East Asian (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.95) women. The aOR for SGA was notably higher among South Asian women (aOR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.24 to 7.09). Significant effects were not seen among Filipino women. Use of ethnicity-specific birthweight curves largely attenuated these associations, except for LGA in South Asian mothers (aOR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.81). CONCLUSION South Asian women with GDM are at lower risk of having an LGA newborn, even after accounting for maternal risk factors or the use of an ethnicity-specific birthweight curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Kwong
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joel G Ray
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Wu
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denice S Feig
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lorraine L Lipscombe
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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28
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Matsumoto Y, Yamada H, Yoshida M, Suzuki D, Saikawa R, Amamoto M, Funazaki S, Horiuchi I, Takagi K, Hara K. Background Factors Determining the Introduction and Dosage of Insulin in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med Res 2019; 11:447-451. [PMID: 31143312 PMCID: PMC6522231 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk for perinatal complication, and appropriate diagnosis of and intervention in this condition are important. This study aimed to identify patient factors associated with introduction and dosage of insulin, which is the main drug for treatment of GDM. Methods In total, 114 patients who had been diagnosed with GDM at our hospital were included in this study. We retrospectively collected clinical parameters of GDM patients, including how many times positive glucose tolerance test results were obtained, whether insulin was introduced, dosage of insulin, body weight, and infant weight. Background factors differing between the insulin introduction and non-introduction groups of GDM patients and parameters associated with the insulin dosage were analyzed. Results Insulin was introduced in 51 GDM patients (45%). In the insulin introduction group, the six-divided diet was less common and the 75-g glucose tolerance test result was positive a significantly greater number of times compared with the non-introduction group. The factor associated with the insulin introduction status was the number of positive 75-g glucose tolerance test results (odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09 - 3.81, P value = 0.025). In addition, the insulin dosage was found to positively correlate with body weight in the non-pregnant state (P value = 0.005). Conclusions The six-divided diet was effective for blood glucose control in GDM women. A positive correlation found between the insulin dosage and body weight in the non-pregnant state suggests the importance of proper pre-pregnancy body weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Matsumoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Hodaka Yamada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Rika Saikawa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Misato Amamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funazaki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Isao Horiuchi
- Perinatal and Maternal Center of Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takagi
- Perinatal and Maternal Center of Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
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29
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Tapia-Martínez J, Franco-Colín M, Ortiz-Butron R, Pineda-Reynoso M, Cano-Europa E. Hypothyroid offspring replacement with euthyroid wet nurses during lactation improves thyroid programming without modifying metabolic programming. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:199-207. [PMID: 31066757 PMCID: PMC10522202 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the milk quality effect during lactation on the metabolic and thyroid programming of hypothyroid offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: euthyroid and thyroidectomy-caused hypothyroidism. The rats were matted and, one day after birth, the pups were divided into three groups: euthyroid offspring (EO), hypothyroid offspring (HO) and hypothyroid with a euthyroid replacement wet nurse (HRO). During lactation, the milk quality and offspring body length were evaluated. The body weight and energy intake were determined on a weekly basis, as well as the metabolic profile at the prepubertal (P35-36) and postpubertal (P55-56) ages. At P56, the animals were sacrificed, the adipose tissues were weighed and the thyroid glands were dissected for histological processing. RESULTS The milk of the hypothyroid wet nurse decreases proteins (16-26%), lipids (22-29%) and lactate (22-37%) with respect to euthyroid. The HO has a lower body weight gain (23-33%), length (11-13%) and energy intake (15-21%). In addition, HO presents impaired fasting glucose and dyslipidemia, as well as a reduction in seric thyroid hormone (18-34%), adipose reserves (26-68%) and thyroid gland weight (25-34%). The HO present thyroid gland cytoarchitecture alteration. The HRO develop the same metabolic alterations as the HO. However, the thyroid gland dysfunction was partially prevented because the HRO improved under about 10% of the serum thyroid hormone concentration, the thyroid gland weight although histological glandular changes presented. CONCLUSIONS The replacement of hypothyroid offspring with a euthyroid wet nurse during lactation can improve the thyroid programming without modifying metabolic programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Tapia-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de FisiologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoDepartamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de FisiologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoDepartamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Margarita Franco-Colín
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de FisiologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoDepartamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rocio Ortiz-Butron
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de FisiologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoDepartamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marisol Pineda-Reynoso
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de Formación Básica DisciplinariaEscuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoAcademía de Histología, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edgar Cano-Europa
- Instituto Politécnico NacionalDepartamento de FisiologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoDepartamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Falcone V, Stopp T, Feichtinger M, Kiss H, Eppel W, Husslein PW, Prager G, Göbl CS. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: a narrative literature review and discussion of impact on pregnancy management and outcome. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:507. [PMID: 30587161 PMCID: PMC6307154 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-2124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery (BS) is regarded to be the most effective treatment of obesity with long lasting beneficial effects including weight loss and improvement of metabolic disorders. A considerable number of women undergoing BS are at childbearing age.Although the surgery mediated weight loss has a positive effect on pregnancy outcome, the procedures might be associated with adverse outcomes as well, for example micronutrient deficiencies, iron or B12 deficiency anemia, dumping syndrome, surgical complications such as internal hernias, and small for gestational age (SGA) offspring, possibly due to maternal undernutrition. Also, there is no international consensus concerning the ideal time to conception after BS. Hence, the present narrative review intents to summarize the available literature concerning the most common challenges which arise before and during pregnancy after BS, such as fertility related considerations, vitamin and nutritional deficiencies and their adequate compensation through supplementation, altered glucose metabolism and its implications for gestational diabetes screening, the symptoms and treatment of dumping syndrome, surgical complications and the impact of BS on pregnancy outcome. The impact of different bariatric procedures on pregnancy and fetal outcome will also be discussed, as well as general considerations concerning the monitoring and management of pregnancies after BS.Whereas BS leads to the mitigation of many obesity-related pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal macrosomia; those procedures pose new risks which might lead to adverse outcomes for mothers and offspring, for example nutritional deficiencies, anemia, altered maternal glucose metabolism and small for gestational age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Falcone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tina Stopp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Feichtinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Wunschbaby Institut Feichtinger, Lainzerstrasse 6, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Kiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eppel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Wolf Husslein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Prager
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Bariatric Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian S Göbl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Stopp T, Falcone V, Feichtinger M, Göbl C. Fertility, Pregnancy and Lactation After Bariatric Surgery - a Consensus Statement from the OEGGG. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018; 78:1207-1211. [PMID: 30655646 PMCID: PMC6294640 DOI: 10.1055/a-0706-7578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is recommended when other weight loss interventions, such as lifestyle modification or medications, have failed. A considerable number of women undergoing bariatric surgery are of childbearing age; hence, it is necessary to be aware of the effects of bariatric surgery on pregnancy for managing these patients. Although bariatric surgery is associated with positive effects on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters, side effects such as anaemia, the risk of developing internal hernia, altered glucose metabolism and the risk of small for gestational age offspring have to be considered. Pregnant women with a history of gastric bypass should not undergo the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) due to the high risk of hypoglycaemia. There are no contraindications for vaginal delivery and breastfeeding. This paper has been published as a consensus statement by the Austrian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Stopp
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Klinische Abteilung für Geburtshilfe und feto-maternale Medizin, Medizinische Universität, Wien, Austria
| | - Veronica Falcone
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Klinische Abteilung für Geburtshilfe und feto-maternale Medizin, Medizinische Universität, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Christian Göbl
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Klinische Abteilung für Geburtshilfe und feto-maternale Medizin, Medizinische Universität, Wien, Austria
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Cocucci SE, Santacruz Silvero MG, Losada MO, Touzón MS, RudaVega H, Vazquez Blanco M, Provenzano SL, Vay CA, Famiglietti ÁMR, Perazzi BE. [Microbiological analysis of the maternal genital tract and umbilical cord blood and its association with neonatal damage]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2018; 51:157-163. [PMID: 30541666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology leading to neonatal damage is multifactorial, being genital infections one of the causes. The objective of the study was to identify microorganisms of the maternal genital tract that are associated with neonatal damage, in order to prevent future perinatal complications. Seven hundred and eleven pregnant patients attended their prenatal control during the period January 2010-July 2013. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis presence was investigated in umbilical cord blood by metabolic substrates (Micofast-Biomerieux) and that of T.vaginalis, by PCR using specific primers. The microbiological study of the vaginal contents of 288 pregnant patients at weeks 35 to 37 was performed by conventional methods, adding the modified thioglycolate culture for T.vaginalis. GroupB streptococcus (GBS) was investigated in anorectal and vaginal introitus swabs, using selective broth enrichment and subsequent isolation in chromogenic medium. The χ2 Yates test and Fisher's test were used for independent samples. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The pathogens significantly related to neonatal damage were M.hominis (p=0.03), T.vaginalis (p=0.03), and BV (p=0.02). Main complications were preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes (PRM), low weight and Apgar score ≤7. U.urealyticum (p=0.35), Candidaspp. (p=0.94) and GBS (p=0.18) were not related to neonatal damage. Since different microorganisms of the maternal genital tract were related to neonatal damage, it is very important to perform the microbiological study of vaginal contents during pregnancy to prevent possible maternal and perinatal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina E Cocucci
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Mirtha G Santacruz Silvero
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Mirta O Losada
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - María S Touzón
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Hilda RudaVega
- División de Obstetricia, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Manuel Vazquez Blanco
- División de Cardiología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Sergio L Provenzano
- División de Neonatología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Vay
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Ángela M R Famiglietti
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina
| | - Beatriz E Perazzi
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, CABA, Argentina.
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Reid BM, Harbin MM, Arend JL, Kelly AS, Dengel DR, Gunnar MR. Early Life Adversity with Height Stunting Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents Independent of Body Mass Index. J Pediatr 2018; 202:143-149. [PMID: 30146113 PMCID: PMC6268204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate cardiovascular and metabolic function in youths adopted internationally from orphanages/institutions (postinstitutionalized) who were height-stunted at adoption. STUDY DESIGN A total of 30 postinstitutionalized youths (age, 9-18 years; body mass index [BMI] percentile, 7.2-90.4) who were height-stunted at adoption were compared with age- and BMI percentile-matched youths (n = 90). Measurements included total body fat and visceral adipose tissue (dual radiograph absorptiometry), arterial stiffness (augmentation index and pulse wave velocity), cardiac autonomic function (heart rate variability), blood pressure, and fasting lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. Linear regression analyses were computed controlling for parent education, age, trunk tissue fat, height-for-age, sex, and race. RESULTS Compared with controls of the same age, sex, and BMI, the postinstitutionalized children had higher systolic blood pressure (P = .018), augmentation index (P= .033), total cholesterol (P= .047), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P= .03), triglycerides (P= .048), insulin (P= .005), and HOMA-IR (P= .01) values. The postinstitutionalized children had a lower low-frequency to high-frequency ratio (P = .008), indicating lower sympathetic tone, as well as a lower total lean mass (P = .016), a lower gynoid lean mass (P = .039), and a higher proportion of trunk tissue fat (P = .017). The postinstitutionalized and control children did not differ in any other body composition measures. CONCLUSIONS Early life stress, as represented by height-stunted growth in institutional care, may be associated with early pathways to cardiovascular and metabolic risk in youths even after moving into well-resourced homes early in life and in the absence of increased adiposity. These findings suggest that postinstitutionalized youths with a history of height stunting may need to be closely monitored for emergent cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brie M. Reid
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Jessica L. Arend
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Aaron S. Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Donald R. Dengel
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Megan R. Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Zamstein O, Biderman A, Sherf M, David RB, Dreiher J. Cardiovascular Morbidity and Risk Factors in Holocaust Survivors in Israel. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66:1684-1691. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omri Zamstein
- Goldman School of Medicine; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Aya Biderman
- Siaal Research Center for Primary Care, Division of Health in the Community, Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Michael Sherf
- Siaal Research Center for Primary Care, Division of Health in the Community, Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
- Hospital Division, Clalit Health Services; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Ran Ben David
- Goldman School of Medicine; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Jacob Dreiher
- Siaal Research Center for Primary Care, Division of Health in the Community, Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
- Soroka University Medical Center; Beer Sheva Israel
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Crujeiras AB, Pissios P, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Diaz-Lagares A, Sandoval J, Gomez A, Ricart W, Esteller M, Casanueva FF, Fernandez-Real JM. An Epigenetic Signature in Adipose Tissue Is Linked to Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase Gene Expression. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700933. [PMID: 29688621 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a major methyltransferase in adipose tissue. We hypothesized an epigenetic signature in association with NNMT gene expression in adipose tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS The global human methylome was analyzed in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from morbidly obese patients using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip array (discovery cohort: n = 11). The findings were confirmed in two additional independent cohorts (cohort 1: n = 60; BMI 20-60 kg m-2 and cohort 2: n = 40; BMI > 40 kg m-2 ) and validated after weight loss (using microarray data). Among the genes associated with the largest methylation fold change were genes related to metabolic processes, proliferation, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling, such as COL23A1, PLEC1, FBXO21, STEAP3, RGS12, IGDCC3, FOXK2, and ORAI2. In fact, the results showed 577 differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCpGs) associated with the NNMT expression levels, with low methylation levels paralleling high NNMT expression. The expression of FBXO21 and FOXK2 was specifically modified after weight loss concomitantly with a decrease in NNMT expression and inflammation-related genes. Interestingly, the adipose tissue NNMT gene expression correlated with markers of adipose tissue inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The expression of NNMT in VAT is associated with a specific methylome signature involving genes linked to adipose tissue metabolic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Crujeiras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Pavlos Pissios
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jose M Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona, Girona, 77190 Spain, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS) and CIBERonc, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Epigenomics Unit, Medical Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, 46026, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Catalonia, 08908, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona, Girona, 77190 Spain, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Catalonia 08908, Spain, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Jose M Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona, Girona, 77190 Spain, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Huang XT, Yue SJ, Li C, Guo J, Huang YH, Han JZ, Feng DD, Luo ZQ. Antenatal blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by Memantine reduces the susceptibility to diabetes induced by a high-fat diet in rats with intrauterine growth restriction. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:960-970. [PMID: 28486599 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.145011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is closely related to the later development of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Excessive activation of N-methly-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) causes excitatory neurotoxicity, resulting in neuronal injury or death. Inhibition of NMDARs enhances the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and survival of islet cells in type 2 diabetic mouse and human islets. Here, we examined whether antenatal blockade of NMDARs by Memantine could decrease the risk of diabetes induced by a high-fat (HF) diet at adulthood in IUGR rats. Pregnant SD rats were assigned to four groups: control, IUGR, Memantine, and Memantine + IUGR. The pregnant rats were exposed to hypoxic conditions (FiO2 = 0.105) for 8 h/day (IUGR group) or given a daily Memantine injection (5 mg/kg, i.p.) before hypoxia exposure from embryonic day (E) 14.5 to E 20.5 (Memantine + IUGR). The offspring were fed an HF diet with 60% of the calories from age 4 to 12 weeks. We found that NMDAR mRNAs were expressed in the fetal rat pancreas. An HF diet resulted in a high rate of diabetes at adulthood in the IUGR group. Antenatal Memantine treatment decreased the risk of diabetes at adulthood of rats with IUGR, which was associated with rescued glucose tolerance, increased insulin release, improved the insulin sensitivity, and increased expression of genes related to beta-cell function in the pancreas. Together, our results suggest that antenatal blockade of NMDARs by Memantine in pregnant rats improves fetal development and reduces the susceptibility to diabetes at adulthood in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shao-Jie Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Han
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Corvino SB, Damasceno DC, Sinzato YK, Netto AO, Macedo NCD, Zambrano E, Volpato GT. Comparative analysis of two different models of swimming applied to pregnant rats born small for pregnant age. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 89:223-230. [PMID: 28423082 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare two models of swimming applied to pregnant rats born small for pregnancy age (SPA). Diabetes was chemically induced in adult female rats to develop an inadequate intrauterine environment, leading to birth of a SPA offspring. In adulthood, the female SPA rats were mated and submitted to different swimming programs. The exercise program 1 (Ex1) consisted of swimming for 15 minutes, followed by 15 minutes of rest and another 15 minutes of swimming, 3 days a week before and during pregnancy. Another program (Ex2) was applied during 60 minutes uninterrupted a day, 6 days/week during pregnancy. The pregnant rats presented no interference on body weight and glycemia. The rats submitted to Ex2 model showed decreased insulin and blood glucose levels by oral glucose tolerance test, and reduction in area under curve values. The offspring from dams submitted to both exercise protocols presented an increased rate of newborns SPA. However, the offspring from Ex2 dams showed percentage twice higher of newborns SPA than Ex1 offspring. Our data suggests that continuous exercise of 60 min/day ameliorated the enhanced peripheral insulin sensitivity in growth-restricted females. However, this protocol employed at pregnancy leads to intrauterine growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana B Corvino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Yuri K Sinzato
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline O Netto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathália C D Macedo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Cidade do México, 14080 México
| | - Gustavo T Volpato
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Experimental de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,Laboratório de Fisiologia de Sistemas e Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso/UFMT, Av. Valdon Varjão, 6390, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
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Itoh H, Kanayama N. Developmental Origins of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1012:29-39. [PMID: 29956192 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5526-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Its prevalence is currently increasing not only in developed obese countries but also in developing countries. Recent findings from human cohorts and animal studies suggest that a nutritional imbalance in the early critical period is causatively associated with the incidence of NAFLD in later life. Based on the current theory of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), undernourishment and overnourishment in utero are both hypothesized to prime the predisposition for hepatic fat storage. Current knowledge on the developmental origins of NAFLD is introduced in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Itoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | - Naohiro Kanayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Santos CDS, Balbo SL, Guimarães ATB, Sagae SC, Negretti F, Grassiolli S. Life-long Maternal Cafeteria Diet Promotes Tissue-Specific Morphological Changes in Male Offspring Adult Rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2887-2900. [PMID: 29267799 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluated whether the exposure of rats to a cafeteria diet pre- and/or post-weaning, alters histological characteristics in the White Adipose Tissue (WAT), Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT), and liver of adult male offspring. Female Wistar rats were divided into Control (CTL; fed on standard rodent chow) and Cafeteria (CAF; fed with the cafeteria diet throughout life, including pregnancy and lactation). After birth, only male offspring (F1) were maintained and received the CTL or CAF diets; originating four experimental groups: CTL-CTLF1; CTL-CAFF1; CAF-CTLF1; CAF-CAFF1. Data of biometrics, metabolic parameters, liver, BAT and WAT histology were assessed and integrated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). According to PCA analysis worse metabolic and biometric characteristics in adulthood are associated with the post-weaning CAF diet compared to pre and post weaning CAF diet. Thus, the CTL-CAFF1 group showed obesity, higher deposition of fat in the liver and BAT and high fasting plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Interestingly, the association between pre and post-weaning CAF diet attenuated the obesity and improved the plasma levels of glucose and triglycerides compared to CTL-CAFF1 without avoiding the higher lipid accumulation in BAT and in liver, suggesting that the impact of maternal CAF diet is tissue-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne D S Santos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Balbo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana T B Guimarães
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sara C Sagae
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio Negretti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas/CCMF, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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Tuyet LT, Nhung BT, Dao DTA, Hanh NTH, Tuyen LD, Binh TQ, Thuc VTM. The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism, Delivery Method, Birth Weight, and Night Sleep Duration as Determinants of Obesity in Vietnamese Children of Primary School Age. Child Obes 2017; 13:392-399. [PMID: 28471701 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a complex disease that involves both environmental and genetic factors in its pathogenesis. Several studies have identified multiple obesity-associated loci in many populations. However, their contribution to obesity in the Vietnamese population is not fully described, especially in children. The study aimed to investigate the association of obesity with Val66Met polymorphism in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, delivery method, birth weight, and lifestyle factors in Vietnamese primary school children. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on 559 children aged 6-11 years (278 obese cases and 281 normal controls). The obesity of the children was classified using both criteria of International Obesity Task Force (IOTF, 2000) and World Health Organization (WHO, 2007). Lifestyle factors, birth delivery, and birth weight of the children were self-reported by parents. The BDNF genotype was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Association was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression and cross-validated by the Bayesian model averaging method. RESULTS The most significantly independent factors for obesity were delivery method (cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery, β = 0.56, p = 0.007), birth weight (>3500 to <4000 g vs. 2500-3500 g, β = 0.52, p = 0.035; ≥4000 g vs. 2500-3500 g, β = 1.06, p = 0.015), night sleep duration (<8 h/day vs. ≥8 h/day, β = 0.99, p < 0.0001), and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (AA and GG vs. AG, β = 0.38, p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS The study suggested the significant association of delivery method, birth weight, night sleep duration, and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, with obesity in Vietnamese primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Tuyet
- 1 Department of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education , Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Duong Thi Anh Dao
- 1 Department of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education , Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh
- 1 Department of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education , Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Quang Binh
- 2 National Institute of Nutrition , Hanoi, Vietnam .,3 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology , Hanoi, Vietnam .,4 Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine , Hanoi, Vietnam
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Prats-Puig A, Carreras-Badosa G, Bassols J, Cavelier P, Magret A, Sabench C, de Zegher F, Ibáñez L, Feil R, López-Bermejo A. The placental imprinted DLK1-DIO3 domain: a new link to prenatal and postnatal growth in humans. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:350.e1-350.e13. [PMID: 28502757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The developmentally important DLK1-DIO3 imprinted domain on human chromosome 14 is regulated by 2 differentially methylated regions, the intergenic differentially methylated region and the MEG3 differentially methylated region. OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the natural variation in DNA methylation at these differentially methylated regions in human placentas, and to determine its link to gene expression levels at the domain. The second goal was to explore whether the domain's methylation and gene expression correlate with prenatal and early postnatal growth of the conceptus. STUDY DESIGN Using pyrosequencing, we determined methylation levels at CpG dinucleotides across the 2 regulatory differentially methylated regions in placentas from 91 healthy mothers. At birth, placentas and infants were weighed (gestational age 39 ± 1 weeks; birthweight SD score 0.1 ± 0.8) and placental biopsies were collected. RNA expression was quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Infants' weights and lengths were followed up monthly during the first year. RESULTS Methylation levels at the 2 regulatory differentially methylated regions were linked and varied considerably between placentas. MEG3 promoter differentially methylated region methylation correlated negatively with weight increase (β = -0.406, P = .001, R2 = 0.206) and length increase (β = -0.363, P = .002, R2 = 0.230) during the first postnatal year. The methylation level of the intergenic differentially methylated region correlated with DIO3 expression (β = 0.313, P = .032, R2 = 0.152). Furthermore, the expression of both DIO3 and RTL1 (both imprinted genes within the DLK1-DIO3 domain) was negatively associated with birthweight (β = -0.331, P = .002, R2 = 0.165; and β = -0.307, P = .005, R2 = 0.159, respectively). RTL1 expression, in addition, was negatively linked to birth length (β = -0.306, P = .007, R2 = 0.162). CONCLUSION Our combined findings strongly suggest that placental DNA methylation at the DLK1-DIO3 domain's intergenic differentially methylated region and MEG3 promoter differentially methylated region relates to measures of early human growth, and may thus contribute to its control.
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Ravlić S, Škrobot Vidaček N, Nanić L, Laganović M, Slade N, Jelaković B, Rubelj I. Mechanisms of fetal epigenetics that determine telomere dynamics and health span in adulthood. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 174:55-62. [PMID: 28847485 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Advances in epigenetics now enable us to better understand environmental influences on the genetic background of human diseases. This refers especially to fetal development where an adverse intrauterine environment impacts oxygen and nutrient supply to the fetus. Recently, differences in telomere length and telomere loss dynamics among individuals born with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal controls have been described. In this paper we propose possible molecular mechanisms that (pre)program telomere epigenetics during pregnancy. This programming sets differences in telomere lengths and dynamics of telomere shortening in adulthood and therefore dictates the dynamics of aging and morbidity in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Ravlić
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, RBI, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nikolina Škrobot Vidaček
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, RBI, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lucia Nanić
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, RBI, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Mario Laganović
- Department for Nephrology, Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Neda Slade
- Laboratory for Protein Dynamics, Division of Molecular Medicine, RBI, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Bojan Jelaković
- Department for Nephrology, Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivica Rubelj
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, RBI, Zagreb, Croatia.
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May CM, Zwaan BJ. Relating past and present diet to phenotypic and transcriptomic variation in the fruit fly. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:640. [PMID: 28830340 PMCID: PMC5568309 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sub-optimal developmental diets often have adverse effects on long-term fitness and health. One hypothesis is that such effects are caused by mismatches between the developmental and adult environment, and may be mediated by persistent changes in gene expression. However, there are few experimental tests of this hypothesis. Here we address this using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We vary diet during development and adulthood in a fully factorial design and assess the consequences for both adult life history traits and gene expression at middle and old age. Results We find no evidence that mismatches between developmental and adult diet are detrimental to either lifespan or fecundity. Rather, developmental and adult diet exert largely independent effects on both lifespan and gene expression, with adult diet having considerably more influence on both traits. Furthermore, we find effects of developmental diet on the transcriptome that persist into middle and old-age. Most of the genes affected show no correlation with the observed phenotypic effects of larval diet on lifespan. However, in each sex we identify a cluster of ribosome, transcription, and translation-related genes whose expression is altered across the lifespan and negatively correlated with lifespan. Conclusions As several recent studies have linked decreased expression of ribosomal and transcription related proteins to increased lifespan, these provide promising candidates for mediating the effects of larval diet on lifespan. We place our findings in the context of theories linking developmental conditions to late-life phenotypes and discuss the likelihood that gene expression differences caused by developmental exposure causally relate to adult ageing phenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3968-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M May
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708, PB, the Netherlands.
| | - Bas J Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708, PB, the Netherlands
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Tuersunjiang N, Odhiambo JF, Shasa DR, Smith AM, Nathanielsz PW, Ford SP. Maternal obesity programs reduced leptin signaling in the pituitary and altered GH/IGF1 axis function leading to increased adiposity in adult sheep offspring. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181795. [PMID: 28771488 PMCID: PMC5542597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in rodents highlight a role for leptin in stimulation of pituitary growth hormone (GH) secretion, with an impact on body composition regulation. We have reported that maternal obesity (MO) during ovine pregnancy results in hyperphagia, glucose-insulin dysregulation, increased adiposity, hypercortisolemia and hyperleptinemia in mature offspring subjected to a bout of ad libitum feeding. We hypothesized that MO reduces leptin signaling in the pituitary and down regulates the GH/IGF1 axis and increases circulating cortisol leading to increased adiposity in their adult offspring. Male lambs born to MO (n = 6) or control (CON, n = 6) ewes were fed only to requirements until placed on a 12 week ad libitum feeding trial at maturity. The pituitary, hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, and liver were collected at necropsy and mRNA and protein expression determined. Plasma cortisol concentrations were increased (P<0.05) in MO vs. CON offspring at the end of the feeding trial. Further, serum concentrations of IGF1 decreased (P<0.01) and GH tended to decrease (P<0.08) in MO vs. CON offspring. Pituitary mRNA and leptin receptor protein expression were decreased in MO vs. CON offspring in association with decreased GH mRNA expression, and decreased IGF1 mRNA and protein expression in liver. Liver 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) expression was increased (P<0.01) and its cofactor hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase tended to increase (P<0.06) in MO vs. CON offspring. 11βHSD2 expression remained unchanged. These data indicate that MO induced an increase in liver conversion of cortisone to cortisol in adult offspring and support a role for leptin signaling in the pituitary in mediating offspring adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuermaimaiti Tuersunjiang
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - John F. Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Desiree R. Shasa
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Ashley M. Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Stephen P. Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
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Limesand SW, Rozance PJ. Fetal adaptations in insulin secretion result from high catecholamines during placental insufficiency. J Physiol 2017; 595:5103-5113. [PMID: 28194805 DOI: 10.1113/jp273324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of the fetus affects approximately 8% of all pregnancies and is associated with short- and long-term disturbances in metabolism. In pregnant sheep, experimental models with a small, defective placenta that restricts delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus result in IUGR. Low blood oxygen concentrations increase fetal plasma catecholamine concentrations, which lower fetal insulin concentrations. All of these observations in sheep models with placental insufficiency are consistent with cases of human IUGR. We propose that sustained high catecholamine concentrations observed in the IUGR fetus produce developmental adaptations in pancreatic β-cells that impair fetal insulin secretion. Experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis shows that chronic elevation in circulating catecholamines in IUGR fetuses persistently inhibits insulin concentrations and secretion. Elevated catecholamines also allow for maintenance of a normal fetal basal metabolic rate despite low fetal insulin and glucose concentrations while suppressing fetal growth. Importantly, a compensatory augmentation in insulin secretion occurs following inhibition or cessation of catecholamine signalling in IUGR fetuses. This finding has been replicated in normally grown sheep fetuses following a 7-day noradrenaline (norepinephrine) infusion. Together, these programmed effects will potentially create an imbalance between insulin secretion and insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in the neonate which probably explains the transient hyperinsulinism and hypoglycaemia in some IUGR infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paul J Rozance
- Perinatal Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Camacho LE, Chen X, Hay WW, Limesand SW. Enhanced insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in young lambs with placental insufficiency-induced intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R101-R109. [PMID: 28490449 PMCID: PMC5582953 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00068.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with persistent metabolic complications, but information is limited for IUGR infants. We determined glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and insulin sensitivity in young lambs with placental insufficiency-induced IUGR. Lambs with hyperthermia-induced IUGR (n = 7) were compared with control lambs (n = 8). GSIS was measured at 8 ± 1 days of age, and at 15 ± 1 days, body weight-specific glucose utilization rates were measured with radiolabeled d-glucose during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC). IUGR lambs weighed 23% less (P < 0.05) than controls at birth. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were not different between IUGR and controls for either study. First-phase insulin secretion was enhanced 2.3-fold in IUGR lambs compared with controls. However, second-phase insulin concentrations, glucose-potentiated arginine-stimulated insulin secretion, and β-cell mass were not different, indicating that IUGR β-cells have an intrinsic enhancement in acute GSIS. Compared with controls, IUGR lambs had higher body weight-specific glucose utilization rates and greater insulin sensitivity at fasting (1.6-fold) and hyperinsulinemic periods (2.4-fold). Improved insulin sensitivity for glucose utilization was not due to differences in skeletal muscle insulin receptor and glucose transporters 1 and 4 concentrations. Plasma lactate concentrations during HEC were elevated in IUGR lambs compared with controls, but no differences were found for glycogen content or citrate synthase activity in liver and muscle. Greater insulin sensitivity for glucose utilization and enhanced acute GSIS in young lambs are predicted from fetal studies but may promote conditions that exaggerate glucose disposal and lead to episodes of hypoglycemia in IUGR infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia E Camacho
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaochuan Chen
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - William W Hay
- Perinatal Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sean W Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona;
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Villanueva-Ortega E, Garcés-Hernández M, Garibay Nieto G. Pre- and post-natal nutritional factors in the metabolic regulation of obesity. REVISTA MÉDICA DEL HOSPITAL GENERAL DE MÉXICO 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Elghazi L, Blandino-Rosano M, Alejandro E, Cras-Méneur C, Bernal-Mizrachi E. Role of nutrients and mTOR signaling in the regulation of pancreatic progenitors development. Mol Metab 2017; 6:560-573. [PMID: 28580286 PMCID: PMC5444096 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor fetal nutrition increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring at least in part by reduced embryonic β-cell growth and impaired function. However, it is not entirely clear how fetal nutrients and growth factors impact β-cells during development to alter glucose homeostasis and metabolism later in life. The current experiments aimed to test the impact of fetal nutrients and growth factors on endocrine development and how these signals acting on mTOR signaling regulate β-cell mass and glucose homeostasis. METHOD Pancreatic rudiments in culture were used to study the role of glucose, growth factors, and amino acids on β-cell development. The number and proliferation of pancreatic and endocrine progenitor were assessed in the presence or absence of rapamycin. The impact of mTOR signaling in vivo on pancreas development and glucose homeostasis was assessed in models deficient for mTOR or Raptor in Pdx1 expressing pancreatic progenitors. RESULTS We found that amino acid concentrations, and leucine in particular, enhance the number of pancreatic and endocrine progenitors and are essential for growth factor induced proliferation. Rapamycin, an mTORC1 complex inhibitor, reduced the number and proliferation of pancreatic and endocrine progenitors. Mice lacking mTOR in pancreatic progenitors exhibited hyperglycemia in neonates, hypoinsulinemia and pancreatic agenesis/hypoplasia with pancreas rudiments containing ductal structures lacking differentiated acinar and endocrine cells. In addition, loss of mTORC1 by deletion of raptor in pancreatic progenitors reduced pancreas size with reduced number of β-cells. CONCLUSION Together, these results suggest that amino acids concentrations and in particular leucine modulates growth responses of pancreatic and endocrine progenitors and that mTOR signaling is critical for these responses. Inactivation of mTOR and raptor in pancreatic progenitors suggested that alterations in some of the components of this pathway during development could be a cause of pancreatic agenesis/hypoplasia and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Elghazi
- University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Internal Medicine Department, MEND Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Miami VA Health Care System, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emilyn Alejandro
- University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Internal Medicine Department, MEND Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Minnesota, Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Corentin Cras-Méneur
- University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Internal Medicine Department, MEND Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Miami VA Health Care System, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miami, FL, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Miami VA Health Care System, USA. Fax: +1 (305) 243 4039.Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Miami VA Health Care SystemUSA
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Luecken LJ, Jewell SL, MacKinnon DP. Maternal acculturation and the growth of impoverished Mexican American infants. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:445-451. [PMID: 28063217 PMCID: PMC5269468 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of early life risk factors that predispose low-income Hispanic children to obesity is critical. For low-income Mexican American mothers, the cultural context may influence maternal experience and behaviors relevant to infant weight and growth. METHODS In a longitudinal study of 322 low-income Mexican American mother-infant dyads, linear growth modeling examined the relation of maternal acculturation to infant weight gain across the first year and evaluated birth outcomes, breastfeeding, and maternal BMI as mediators. RESULTS There was a high prevalence (36% >95th percentile) of infants with obesity at 1 year. Higher maternal acculturation was associated with lower birth weight, higher infant weight at 6 weeks, and a lower prevalence of breastfeeding. Mediation analyses supported formula-feeding as a mediator of the relation between higher maternal acculturation and an increasing slope of infant weight gain across the first year. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding may have measurable benefits for Mexican American child obesity status in this high-risk population, particularly among those with more acculturated mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Luecken
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Shannon L Jewell
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - David P MacKinnon
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Ofori-Asenso R, Agyeman AA, Laar A, Boateng D. Overweight and obesity epidemic in Ghana-a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1239. [PMID: 27938360 PMCID: PMC5148846 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3901-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In many low and middle income countries (LMICs), the distribution of adulthood nutritional imbalance is shifting from a predominance of undernutrition to overnutrition. This complex problem poses a huge challenge to governments, non-state actors, and individuals desirous of addressing the problem of malnutrition in LMICs. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature towards providing an estimate of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult Ghanaians. Methods This study followed the recommendations outlined in the PRISMA statement. Searches were performed in PubMed, Science Direct, google scholar, Africa Journals Online (AJOL) and the WHO African Index Medicus database. This retrieved studies (published up to 31st March 2016) that reported overweight and obesity prevalence among Ghanaians. All online searches were supplemented by reference screening of retrieved papers to identify additional studies. Results Forty-three (43) studies involving a total population of 48,966 sampled across all the ten (10) regions of Ghana were selected for the review. Our analysis indicates that nearly 43% of Ghanaian adults are either overweight or obese. The national prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated as 25.4% (95% CI 22.2–28.7%) and 17.1% (95% CI = 14.7–19.5%), respectively. Higher prevalence of overweight (27.2% vs 16.7%) and obesity (20.6% vs 8.0%) were estimated for urban than rural dwellers. Prevalence of overweight (27.8% vs 21.8%) and obesity (21.9% vs 6.0%) were also significantly higher in women than men. About 45.6% of adult diabetes patients in Ghana are either overweight or obese. At the regional level, about 43.4%, 36.9%, 32.4% and 55.2% of residents in Ashanti, Central, Northern and Greater Accra region, respectively are overweight or obese. These patterns generally mimic the levels of urbanization. Per studies’ publication years, consistent increases in overweight and obesity prevalence were observed in Ghana in the period 1998–2016. Conclusions There is a high and rising prevalence of overweight and obesity among Ghanaian adults. The possible implications on current and future population health, burden of chronic diseases, health care spending and broader economy could be enormous for a country still battling many infectious and parasitic diseases. Public health preventive measures that are appropriate for the Ghanaian context, culturally sensitive, cost-effective and sustainable are urgently needed to tackle this epidemic. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3901-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ofori-Asenso
- Research Unit, Health Policy Consult, P. O. Box WJ 537, Weija, Greater-Accra, Ghana.
| | - Akosua Adom Agyeman
- Research Unit, Health Policy Consult, P. O. Box WJ 537, Weija, Greater-Accra, Ghana
| | - Amos Laar
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Daniel Boateng
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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