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Collins E, Shou H, Mao C, Whelan J, Jost R. Dynamic interactions between SPX proteins, the ubiquitination machinery, and signalling molecules for stress adaptation at a whole-plant level. Biochem J 2024; 481:363-385. [PMID: 38421035 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The plant macronutrient phosphorus is a scarce resource and plant-available phosphate is limiting in most soil types. Generally, a gene regulatory module called the phosphate starvation response (PSR) enables efficient phosphate acquisition by roots and translocation to other organs. Plants growing on moderate to nutrient-rich soils need to co-ordinate availability of different nutrients and repress the highly efficient PSR to adjust phosphate acquisition to the availability of other macro- and micronutrients, and in particular nitrogen. PSR repression is mediated by a small family of single SYG1/Pho81/XPR1 (SPX) domain proteins. The SPX domain binds higher order inositol pyrophosphates that signal cellular phosphorus status and modulate SPX protein interaction with PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1), the central transcriptional regulator of PSR. Sequestration by SPX repressors restricts PHR1 access to PSR gene promoters. Here we focus on SPX4 that primarily acts in shoots and sequesters many transcription factors other than PHR1 in the cytosol to control processes beyond the classical PSR, such as nitrate, auxin, and jasmonic acid signalling. Unlike SPX1 and SPX2, SPX4 is subject to proteasomal degradation not only by singular E3 ligases, but also by SCF-CRL complexes. Emerging models for these different layers of control and their consequences for plant acclimation to the environment will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Collins
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China
| | - Chuanzao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China
| | - Ricarda Jost
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
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Pramitha JL, Rana S, Aggarwal PR, Ravikesavan R, Joel AJ, Muthamilarasan M. Diverse role of phytic acid in plants and approaches to develop low-phytate grains to enhance bioavailability of micronutrients. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2020; 107:89-120. [PMID: 33641749 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the bioavailability of nutrients are called antinutrients. Phytic acid (PA) is one of the major antinutrients present in the grains and acts as a chelator of micronutrients. The presence of six reactive phosphate groups in PA hinders the absorption of micronutrients in the gut of non-ruminants. Consumption of PA-rich diet leads to deficiency of minerals such as iron and zinc among human population. On the contrary, PA is a natural antioxidant, and PA-derived molecules function in various signal transduction pathways. Therefore, optimal concentration of PA needs to be maintained in plants to avoid adverse pleiotropic effects, as well as to ensure micronutrient bioavailability in the diets. Given this, the chapter enumerates the structure, biosynthesis, and accumulation of PA in food grains followed by their roles in growth, development, and stress responses. Further, the chapter elaborates on the antinutritional properties of PA and explains the conventional breeding and transgene-based approaches deployed to develop low-PA varieties. Studies have shown that conventional breeding methods could develop low-PA lines; however, the pleiotropic effects of these methods viz. reduced yield, embryo abnormalities, and poor seed quality hinder the use of breeding strategies. Overexpression of phytase in the endosperm and RNAi-mediated silencing of genes involved in myo-inositol biosynthesis overcome these constraints. Next-generation genome editing approaches, including CRISPR-Cas9 enable the manipulation of more than one gene involved in PA biosynthesis pathway through multiplex editing, and scope exists to deploy such tools in developing varieties with optimal PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lydia Pramitha
- Department of Millets, Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajasekaran Ravikesavan
- Department of Millets, Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - A John Joel
- Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Sashidhar N, Harloff HJ, Potgieter L, Jung C. Gene editing of three BnITPK genes in tetraploid oilseed rape leads to significant reduction of phytic acid in seeds. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2241-2250. [PMID: 32191373 PMCID: PMC7589381 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Commercialization of Brassica napus. L (oilseed rape) meal as protein diet is gaining more attention due to its well-balanced amino acid and protein contents. Phytic acid (PA) is a major source of phosphorus in plants but is considered as anti-nutritive for monogastric animals including humans due to its adverse effects on essential mineral absorption. The undigested PA causes eutrophication, which potentially threatens aquatic life. PA accounts to 2-5% in mature seeds of oilseed rape and is synthesized by complex pathways involving multiple enzymes. Breeding polyploids for recessive traits is challenging as gene functions are encoded by several paralogs. Gene redundancy often requires to knock out several gene copies to study their underlying effects. Therefore, we adopted CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis to knock out three functional paralogs of BnITPK. We obtained low PA mutants with an increase of free phosphorus in the canola grade spring cultivar Haydn. These mutants could mark an important milestone in rapeseed breeding with an increase in protein value and no adverse effects on oil contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Sashidhar
- Plant Breeding InstituteChristian‐Albrechts‐University of KielKielGermany
| | - Hans J. Harloff
- Plant Breeding InstituteChristian‐Albrechts‐University of KielKielGermany
| | - Lizel Potgieter
- Environmental GenomicsBotanical InstituteChristian‐Albrechts‐University of KielKielGermany
- Environmental GenomicsMax‐Planck‐Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlönGermany
| | - Christian Jung
- Plant Breeding InstituteChristian‐Albrechts‐University of KielKielGermany
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Mutation of Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase6 Impairs Plant Growth and Phytic Acid Synthesis in Rice. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8050114. [PMID: 31035443 PMCID: PMC6572258 DOI: 10.3390/plants8050114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase (ITPK) is encoded by six genes in rice (OsITPK1-6). A previous study had shown that nucleotide substitutions of OsITPK6 could significantly lower the phytic acid content in rice grains. In the present study, the possibility of establishing a genome editing-based method for breeding low-phytic acid cultivars in rice was explored, in conjunction with the functional determination of OsITPK6. Four OsITPK6 mutant lines were generated by targeted mutagenesis of the gene’s first exon using the CRISPR/Cas9 method, one (ositpk6_1) with a 6-bp in-frame deletion, and other three with frameshift mutations (ositpk6_2, _3, and _4). The frameshift mutations severely impaired plant growth and reproduction, while the effect of ositpk6_1 was relatively limited. The mutant lines ositpk6_1 and _2 had significantly lower levels (−10.1% and −32.1%) of phytic acid and higher levels (4.12- and 5.18-fold) of inorganic phosphorus compared with the wild-type (WT) line. The line ositpk6_1 also showed less tolerance to osmotic stresses. Our research demonstrates that mutations of OsITPK6, while effectively reducing phytic acid biosynthesis in rice grain, could significantly impair plant growth and reproduction.
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Cominelli E, Confalonieri M, Carlessi M, Cortinovis G, Daminati MG, Porch TG, Losa A, Sparvoli F. Phytic acid transport in Phaseolus vulgaris: A new low phytic acid mutant in the PvMRP1 gene and study of the PvMRPs promoters in two different plant systems. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:1-12. [PMID: 29576062 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytic acid (InsP6) is the main storage form of phosphate in seeds. In the plant it plays an important role in response to environmental stress and hormonal changes. InsP6 is a strong chelator of cations, reducing the bioavailability of essential minerals in the diet. Only a common bean low phytic acid (lpa1) mutant, affected in the PvMRP1 gene, coding for a putative tonoplastic phytic acid transporter, was described so far. This mutant is devoid of negative pleiotropic effects normally characterising lpa mutants. With the aim of isolating new common bean lpa mutants, an ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenized population was screened, resulting in the identification of an additional lpa1 allele. Other putative lpa lines were also isolated. The PvMRP2 gene is probably able to complement the phenotype of mutants affected in the PvMRP1 gene in tissues other than the seed. Only the PvMRP1 gene is expressed at appreciable levels in cotyledons. Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula transgenic plants harbouring 1.5 kb portions of the intergenic 5' sequences of both PvMRP genes, fused upstream of the GUS reporter, were generated. GUS activity in different organs suggests a refined, species-specific mechanisms of regulation of gene expression for these two PvMRP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cominelli
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimo Confalonieri
- CREA Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture (CREA-ZA), Viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
| | - Martina Carlessi
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy; Present address: Plantlab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Guidiccioni, 8-10, 56010 Ghezzano (Pisa), Italy.
| | - Gaia Cortinovis
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Gloria Daminati
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Timothy G Porch
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Agriculture Research Station, 2200 P.A. Campos Avenue, Suite 201, Mayaguez, 00680, Puerto Rico.
| | - Alessia Losa
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy; CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA-GB), Via Paullese 28, 26836 Montanaso Lombardo, Lodi, Italy.
| | - Francesca Sparvoli
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA, CNR), Via E. Bassini, 15, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Sparvoli F, Cominelli E. Seed Biofortification and Phytic Acid Reduction: A Conflict of Interest for the Plant? PLANTS 2015; 4:728-55. [PMID: 27135349 PMCID: PMC4844270 DOI: 10.3390/plants4040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Most of the phosphorus in seeds is accumulated in the form of phytic acid (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, InsP6). This molecule is a strong chelator of cations important for nutrition, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and calcium. For this reason, InsP6 is considered an antinutritional factor. In recent years, efforts to biofortify seeds through the generation of low phytic acid (lpa) mutants have been noteworthy. Moreover, genes involved in the biosynthesis and accumulation of this molecule have been isolated and characterized in different species. Beyond its role in phosphorus storage, phytic acid is a very important signaling molecule involved in different regulatory processes during plant development and responses to different stimuli. Consequently, many lpa mutants show different negative pleitotropic effects. The strength of these pleiotropic effects depends on the specific mutated gene, possible functional redundancy, the nature of the mutation, and the spatio-temporal expression of the gene. Breeding programs or transgenic approaches aimed at development of new lpa mutants must take into consideration these different aspects in order to maximize the utility of these mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sparvoli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Cominelli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Oxley D, Ktistakis N, Farmaki T. Differential isolation and identification of PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P2 binding proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana using an agarose-phosphatidylinositol-phosphate affinity chromatography. J Proteomics 2013; 91:580-94. [PMID: 24007659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A phosphatidylinositol-phosphate affinity chromatographic approach combined with mass spectrometry was used in order to identify novel PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P2 binding proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cell extracts. Most of the phosphatidylinositol-phosphate interacting candidates identified from this differential screening are characterized by lysine/arginine rich patches. Direct phosphoinositide binding was identified for important membrane trafficking regulators as well as protein quality control proteins such as the ATG18p orthologue involved in autophagosome formation and the lipid Sec14p like transfer protein. A pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) containing protein was shown to directly bind to PI(3,5)P2 but not to PI(3)P. PIP chromatography performed using extracts obtained from high salt (0.4M and 1M NaCl) pretreated suspensions showed that the association of an S5-1 40S ribosomal protein with both PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P2 was abolished under salt stress whereas salinity stress induced an increase in the phosphoinositide association of the DUF538 domain containing protein SVB, associated with trichome size. Additional interacting candidates were co-purified with the phosphoinositide bound proteins. Binding of the COP9 signalosome, the heat shock proteins, and the identified 26S proteasomal subunits, is suggested as an indirect effect of their interaction with other proteins directly bound to the PI(3)P and the PI(3,5)P2 phosphoinositides. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE PI(3,5)P2 is of special interest because of its low abundance. Furthermore, no endogenous levels have yet been detected in A. thaliana (although there is evidence for its existence in plants). Therefore the isolation of novel interacting candidates in vitro would be of a particular importance since the future study and localization of the respective endogenous proteins may indicate possible targeted compartments or tissues where PI(3,5)P2 could be enriched and thereafter identified. In addition, PI(3,5)P2 is a phosphoinositide extensively studied in mammalian and yeast systems. However, our knowledge of its role in plants as well as a list of its effectors from plants is very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oxley
- The Mass Spectrometry Group, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB2 4AT, UK
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Tang Y, Tan S, Xue H. Arabidopsis inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6 kinase 2 is required for seed coat development. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013; 45:549-60. [PMID: 23595027 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6 kinase (ITPK) phosphorylates inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate to form inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate which can be finally transferred to inositol hexaphosphate (IP₆) and play important roles during plant growth and development. There are 4 putative ITPK members in Arabidopsis. Expression pattern analysis showed that ITPK2 is constitutively expressed in various tissues. A T-DNA knockout mutant of ITPK2 was identified and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the epidermis structure of seed coat was irregularly formed in seeds of itpk2-1 mutant, resulting in the increased permeability of seed coat to tetrazolium salts. Further analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry of lipid polyester monomers in cell wall confirmed a dramatic decrease in composition of suberin and cutin, which relate to the permeability of seed coat and the formation of which is accompanied with seed coat development. These results indicate that ITPK2 plays an essential role in seed coat development and lipid polyester barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Dieck CB, Boss WF, Perera IY. A role for phosphoinositides in regulating plant nuclear functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 3:50. [PMID: 22645589 PMCID: PMC3355785 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear localized inositol phospholipids and inositol phosphates are important for regulating many essential processes in animal and yeast cells such as DNA replication, recombination, RNA processing, mRNA export and cell cycle progression. An overview of the current literature indicates the presence of a plant nuclear phosphoinositide (PI) pathway. Inositol phospholipids, inositol phosphates, and enzymes of the PI pathway have been identified in plant nuclei and are implicated in DNA replication, chromatin remodeling, stress responses and hormone signaling. In this review, the potential functions of the nuclear PI pathway in plants are discussed within the context of the animal and yeast literature. It is anticipated that future research will help shed light on the functional significance of the nuclear PI pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy F. Boss
- Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC, USA
| | - Imara Y. Perera
- Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC, USA
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Du H, Liu L, You L, Yang M, He Y, Li X, Xiong L. Characterization of an inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase gene that is essential for drought and salt stress responses in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 77:547-63. [PMID: 22038091 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-011-9830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salt stresses are major limiting factors for crop production. To identify critical genes for stress resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.), we screened T-DNA mutants and identified a drought- and salt-hypersensitive mutant dsm3. The mutant phenotype was caused by a T-DNA insertion in a gene encoding a putative inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase previously named OsITPK2 with unknown function. Under drought stress conditions, the mutant had significantly less accumulation of osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugar and showed significantly reduced root volume, spikelet fertility, biomass, and grain yield; however, malondialdehyde level was increased in the mutant. Interestingly, overexpression of DSM3 (OsITPK2) in rice resulted in drought- and salt-hypersensitive phenotypes and physiological changes similar to those in the mutant. Inositol trisphosphate (IP3) level was decreased in the overexpressors under normal condition and drought stress. A few genes related to osmotic adjustment and reactive oxygen species scavenging were down-regulated in the mutant and overexpression lines. The expression level of DSM3 promoter-driven β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene in rice was induced by drought, salt and abscisic acid. Protoplast transient expression assay indicated that DSM3 is an endoplasmic reticulum protein. Sequence analysis revealed six putative ITPKs in rice. Transcript level analysis of OsITPK genes revealed that they had different tempo-spatial expression patterns, and the responses of DSM3 to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, cold, and high temperature, were distinct from the other five members in rice. These results together suggest that DSM3/OsITPK2 is an important member of the OsITPK family for stress responses, and an optimal expression level is essential for drought and salt tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
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12
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Tsui MM, York JD. Roles of inositol phosphates and inositol pyrophosphates in development, cell signaling and nuclear processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 50:324-37. [PMID: 20006638 DOI: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco M Tsui
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3813, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Abstract
As an important metabolic pathway, phosphatidylinositol metabolism generates both constitutive and signalling molecules that are crucial for plant growth and development. Recent studies using genetic and molecular approaches reveal the important roles of phospholipid molecules and signalling in multiple processes of higher plants, including root growth, pollen and vascular development, hormone effects and cell responses to environmental stimuli plants. The present review summarizes the current progress in our understanding of the functional mechanism of phospholipid signalling, with an emphasis on the regulation of Ins(1,4,5)P3-Ca2+ oscillation, the second messenger molecule phosphatidic acid and the cytoskeleton.
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Shears SB. Molecular basis for the integration of inositol phosphate signaling pathways via human ITPK1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 49:87-96. [PMID: 19200440 DOI: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Shears
- Inositol Signaling Section, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHSS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Chen X, Lin WH, Wang Y, Luan S, Xue HW. An inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase functions in PHOTOTROPIN1 signaling in Arabidopis by altering cytosolic Ca2+. THE PLANT CELL 2008; 20:353-66. [PMID: 18252844 PMCID: PMC2276452 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.107.052670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2007] [Revised: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (5PTase) is a key enzyme in the phosphatidylinositol metabolic pathway, which plays critical roles in a number of cellular processes in plants. Our previous work implicated the role of 5PTase13, which encodes a WD40-containing type II 5PTase, in hormone-mediated cotyledon vein development. Here, we show that 5PTase13 is also involved in blue light responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared with that in darkness, the expression of 5PTase13 was suppressed by blue light irradiation, and disruption of the gene resulted in shortened hypocotyls and expanded cotyledons. Genetic analysis showed that 5PTase13 acted independently from CRYPTOCHROME1 and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 but interacted functionally with PHOTOTROPIN1 (PHOT1). The expression level of 5PTase13 was significantly enhanced in phot1 single or phot1 phot2 double mutants under blue light, and suppression of 5PTase13 expression rescued the elongated hypocotyls in the phot1 or phot1 phot2 mutants. Further analysis showed that the blue light-induced elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ was inhibited in the phot1 mutant but enhanced in the 5pt13 mutant, suggesting that 5PTase13 antagonizes PHOT1-mediated effects on calcium signaling under blue light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science-University of California Berkeley Center of Molecular Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20032 Shanghai, China
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