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Cory-Slechta DA, Marvin E, Welle K, Goeke C, Chalupa D, Oberdörster G, Sobolewski M. Male-biased vulnerability of mouse brain tryptophan/kynurenine and glutamate systems to adolescent exposures to concentrated ambient ultrafine particle air pollution. Neurotoxicology 2024; 104:20-35. [PMID: 39002649 PMCID: PMC11377152 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution (AP) exposures have been associated with numerous neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, all male-biased disorders with onsets from early life to late adolescence/early adulthood. While prior experimental studies have focused on effects of AP exposures during early brain development, brain development actually extends well into early adulthood. The current study in mice sought to extend the understanding of developmental brain vulnerability during adolescence, a later but significant period of brain development and maturation to the ultrafine particulate (UFPs) component of AP, considered its most reactive component. Additionally, it examined adolescent response to UFPs when preceded by earlier developmental exposures, to ascertain the trajectory of effects and potential enhancement or mitigation of adverse consequences. Outcomes focused on shared features associated with multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. For this purpose, C57Bl/6 J mice of both sexes were exposed to ambient concentrated UFPs or filtered air from PND (postnatal day) 4-7 and PND10-13, and again at PND39-42 and 45-49, resulting in 3 exposure postnatal/adolescent treatment groups per sex: Air/Air, Air/UFP, and UFP/UFP. Features common to neurodevelopmental disorders were examined at PND50. Mass exposure concentration from postnatal exposure averaged 44.34 μg/m3 and the adolescent exposure averaged 49.18 μg/m3. Male brain showed particular vulnerability to UFP exposures in adolescence, with alterations in frontal cortical and striatal glutamatergic and tryptophan/serotonergic neurotransmitters and concurrent reductions in levels of astrocytes in corpus callosum and in serum cytokine levels, with combined exposures resulting in significant reductions in corpus callosum myelination and serum corticosterone. Reductions in serum corticosterone in males correlated with reductions in neurotransmitter levels, and reductions in striatal glutamatergic function specifically correlated with reductions in corpus callosum astrocytes. UFP-induced changes in neurotransmitter levels in males were mitigated by prior postnatal exposure, suggesting potential adaptation, whereas reductions in corticosterone and in corpus callosum neuropathological effects were further strengthened by combined postnatal and adolescent exposures. UFP-induced changes in females occurred primarily in striatal dopamine systems and as reductions in serum cytokines only in response to combined postnatal and adolescent exposures. Findings in males underscore the importance of more integrated physiological assessments of mechanisms of neurotoxicity. Further, these findings provide biological plausibility for an accumulating epidemiologic literature linking air pollution to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. As such, they support a need for consideration of the regulation of the UFP component of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
| | - E Marvin
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - K Welle
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - C Goeke
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - D Chalupa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - G Oberdörster
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - M Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Box EHSC, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
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Le Belle JE, Condro M, Cepeda C, Oikonomou KD, Tessema K, Dudley L, Schoenfield J, Kawaguchi R, Geschwind D, Silva AJ, Zhang Z, Shokat K, Harris NG, Kornblum HI. Acute rapamycin treatment reveals novel mechanisms of behavioral, physiological, and functional dysfunction in a maternal inflammation mouse model of autism and sensory over-responsivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.602602. [PMID: 39026891 PMCID: PMC11257517 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.602602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Maternal inflammatory response (MIR) during early gestation in mice induces a cascade of physiological and behavioral changes that have been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a prior study and the current one, we find that mild MIR results in chronic systemic and neuro-inflammation, mTOR pathway activation, mild brain overgrowth followed by regionally specific volumetric changes, sensory processing dysregulation, and social and repetitive behavior abnormalities. Prior studies of rapamycin treatment in autism models have focused on chronic treatments that might be expected to alter or prevent physical brain changes. Here, we have focused on the acute effects of rapamycin to uncover novel mechanisms of dysfunction and related to mTOR pathway signaling. We find that within 2 hours, rapamycin treatment could rapidly rescue neuronal hyper-excitability, seizure susceptibility, functional network connectivity and brain community structure, and repetitive behaviors and sensory over-responsivity in adult offspring with persistent brain overgrowth. These CNS-mediated effects are also associated with alteration of the expression of several ASD-,ion channel-, and epilepsy-associated genes, in the same time frame. Our findings suggest that mTOR dysregulation in MIR offspring is a key contributor to various levels of brain dysfunction, including neuronal excitability, altered gene expression in multiple cell types, sensory functional network connectivity, and modulation of information flow. However, we demonstrate that the adult MIR brain is also amenable to rapid normalization of these functional changes which results in the rescue of both core and comorbid ASD behaviors in adult animals without requiring long-term physical alterations to the brain. Thus, restoring excitatory/inhibitory imbalance and sensory functional network modularity may be important targets for therapeutically addressing both primary sensory and social behavior phenotypes, and compensatory repetitive behavior phenotypes.
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de Medeiros Marcos GVT, Feitosa DDM, Paiva KM, Oliveira RF, da Rocha GS, de Medeiros Guerra LM, de Araújo DP, Goes HM, Costa S, de Oliveira LC, Guzen FP, de Souza Júnior JE, de Moura Freire MA, de Aquino ACQ, de Gois Morais PLA, de Paiva Cavalcanti JRL. Volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia in autism Spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:163-176. [PMID: 38488315 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent research indicates that some brain structures show alterations in conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Among them, are the basal ganglia that are involved in motor, cognitive and behavioral neural circuits. OBJECTIVE Review the literature that describes possible volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia of individuals with ASD and the impacts that these changes have on the severity of the condition. METHODOLOGY This systematic review was registered in the design and reported according to the PRISMA Items and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023394787). The study analyzed data from published clinical, case-contemplate, and cohort trials. The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using the Medical Subject Titles (MeSH) "Autism Spectrum Disorder" and "Basal Ganglia". The last search was carried out on February 28, 2023. RESULTS Thirty-five eligible articles were collected, analyzed, and grouped according to the levels of alterations. CONCLUSION The present study showed important volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia in ASD. However, the examined studies have methodological weaknesses that do not allow generalization and correlation with ASD manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karina Maia Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Freire Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sousa da Rocha
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Luís Marcos de Medeiros Guerra
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Dayane Pessoa de Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Silva Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Lucidio Clebeson de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Fausto Pierdoná Guzen
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - José Edvan de Souza Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio de Moura Freire
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Queiroz de Aquino
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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Wilkes BJ, Archer DB, Farmer AL, Bass C, Korah H, Vaillancourt DE, Lewis MH. Cortico-basal ganglia white matter microstructure is linked to restricted repetitive behavior in autism spectrum disorder. Mol Autism 2024; 15:6. [PMID: 38254158 PMCID: PMC10804694 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restricted repetitive behavior (RRB) is one of two behavioral domains required for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroimaging is widely used to study brain alterations associated with ASD and the domain of social and communication deficits, but there has been less work regarding brain alterations linked to RRB. METHODS We utilized neuroimaging data from the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive to assess basal ganglia and cerebellum structure in a cohort of children and adolescents with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) controls. We evaluated regional gray matter volumes from T1-weighted anatomical scans and assessed diffusion-weighted scans to quantify white matter microstructure with free-water imaging. We also investigated the interaction of biological sex and ASD diagnosis on these measures, and their correlation with clinical scales of RRB. RESULTS Individuals with ASD had significantly lower free-water corrected fractional anisotropy (FAT) and higher free-water (FW) in cortico-basal ganglia white matter tracts. These microstructural differences did not interact with biological sex. Moreover, both FAT and FW in basal ganglia white matter tracts significantly correlated with measures of RRB. In contrast, we found no significant difference in basal ganglia or cerebellar gray matter volumes. LIMITATIONS The basal ganglia and cerebellar regions in this study were selected due to their hypothesized relevance to RRB. Differences between ASD and TD individuals that may occur outside the basal ganglia and cerebellum, and their potential relationship to RRB, were not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS These new findings demonstrate that cortico-basal ganglia white matter microstructure is altered in ASD and linked to RRB. FW in cortico-basal ganglia and intra-basal ganglia white matter was more sensitive to group differences in ASD, whereas cortico-basal ganglia FAT was more closely linked to RRB. In contrast, basal ganglia and cerebellar volumes did not differ in ASD. There was no interaction between ASD diagnosis and sex-related differences in brain structure. Future diffusion imaging investigations in ASD may benefit from free-water estimation and correction in order to better understand how white matter is affected in ASD, and how such measures are linked to RRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Wilkes
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118205, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Derek B Archer
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna L Farmer
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carly Bass
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hannah Korah
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David E Vaillancourt
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118205, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Fixel Center for Neurological Diseases, Program in Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark H Lewis
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Bedford SA, Ortiz-Rosa A, Schabdach JM, Costantino M, Tullo S, Piercy T, Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Di Martino A, Devenyi GA, Chakravarty MM, Alexander-Bloch AF, Seidlitz J, Baron-Cohen S, Bethlehem RA. The impact of quality control on cortical morphometry comparisons in autism. IMAGING NEUROSCIENCE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 1:1-21. [PMID: 38495338 PMCID: PMC10938341 DOI: 10.1162/imag_a_00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quality is known to impact and bias neuroanatomical estimates and downstream analysis, including case-control comparisons, and a growing body of work has demonstrated the importance of careful quality control (QC) and evaluated the impact of image and image-processing quality. However, the growing size of typical neuroimaging datasets presents an additional challenge to QC, which is typically extremely time and labour intensive. One of the most important aspects of MRI quality is the accuracy of processed outputs, which have been shown to impact estimated neurodevelopmental trajectories. Here, we evaluate whether the quality of surface reconstructions by FreeSurfer (one of the most widely used MRI processing pipelines) interacts with clinical and demographic factors. We present a tool, FSQC, that enables quick and efficient yet thorough assessment of outputs of the FreeSurfer processing pipeline. We validate our method against other existing QC metrics, including the automated FreeSurfer Euler number, two other manual ratings of raw image quality, and two popular automated QC methods. We show strikingly similar spatial patterns in the relationship between each QC measure and cortical thickness; relationships for cortical volume and surface area are largely consistent across metrics, though with some notable differences. We next demonstrate that thresholding by QC score attenuates but does not eliminate the impact of quality on cortical estimates. Finally, we explore different ways of controlling for quality when examining differences between autistic individuals and neurotypical controls in the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset, demonstrating that inadequate control for quality can alter results of case-control comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saashi A. Bedford
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Ortiz-Rosa
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jenna M. Schabdach
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Manuela Costantino
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tullo
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tom Piercy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | | | - Gabriel A. Devenyi
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Aaron F. Alexander-Bloch
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Service (CLASS), Cambridgeshire and Peterborough, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A.I. Bethlehem
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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MacDonald DN, Bedford SA, Olafson E, Park MTM, Devenyi GA, Tullo S, Patel R, Anagnostou E, Baron-Cohen S, Bullmore ET, Chura LR, Craig MC, Ecker C, Floris DL, Holt RJ, Lenroot R, Lerch JP, Lombardo MV, Murphy DGM, Raznahan A, Ruigrok ANV, Smith E, Shinohara RT, Spencer MD, Suckling J, Taylor MJ, Thurm A, Lai MC, Chakravarty MM. Characterizing Subcortical Structural Heterogeneity in Autism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.28.554882. [PMID: 37693556 PMCID: PMC10491091 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.28.554882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Autism presents with significant phenotypic and neuroanatomical heterogeneity, and neuroimaging studies of the thalamus, globus pallidus and striatum in autism have produced inconsistent and contradictory results. These structures are critical mediators of functions known to be atypical in autism, including sensory gating and motor function. We examined both volumetric and fine-grained localized shape differences in autism using a large (n=3145, 1045-1318 after strict quality control), cross-sectional dataset of T1-weighted structural MRI scans from 32 sites, including both males and females (assigned-at-birth). We investigated three potentially important sources of neuroanatomical heterogeneity: sex, age, and intelligence quotient (IQ), using a meta-analytic technique after strict quality control to minimize non-biological sources of variation. We observed no volumetric differences in the thalamus, globus pallidus, or striatum in autism. Rather, we identified a variety of localized shape differences in all three structures. Including age, but not sex or IQ, in the statistical model improved the fit for both the pallidum and striatum, but not for the thalamus. Age-centered shape analysis indicated a variety of age-dependent regional differences. Overall, our findings help confirm that the neurodevelopment of the striatum, globus pallidus and thalamus are atypical in autism, in a subtle location-dependent manner that is not reflected in overall structure volumes, and that is highly non-uniform across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N. MacDonald
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
| | - Saashi A. Bedford
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - Emily Olafson
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
- Department of Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Min Tae M. Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Gabriel A. Devenyi
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University
| | - Stephanie Tullo
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
| | - Raihaan Patel
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University
| | | | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | | | - Lindsay R. Chura
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - Michael C. Craig
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London
- National Autism Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christine Ecker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, GoetheUniversity
| | - Dorothea L. Floris
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rosemary J. Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- Dept.of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
| | | | - Armin Raznahan
- Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of MentalHealth
| | - Amber N. V. Ruigrok
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
| | - Elizabeth Smith
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital
| | - Russell T. Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Michael D. Spencer
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - Margot J. Taylor
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children
- Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Section on Behavioral Pediatrics, National Institute of Mental Health
| | | | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children
- The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine
| | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University
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Kilpatrick S, Irwin C, Singh KK. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) and organoid models of autism: opportunities and limitations. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:217. [PMID: 37344450 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder caused by genetic or environmental perturbations during early development. Diagnoses are dependent on the identification of behavioral abnormalities that likely emerge well after the disorder is established, leaving critical developmental windows uncharacterized. This is further complicated by the incredible clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disorder that is not captured in most mammalian models. In recent years, advancements in stem cell technology have created the opportunity to model ASD in a human context through the use of pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which can be used to generate 2D cellular models as well as 3D unguided- and region-specific neural organoids. These models produce profoundly intricate systems, capable of modeling the developing brain spatiotemporally to reproduce key developmental milestones throughout early development. When complemented with multi-omics, genome editing, and electrophysiology analysis, they can be used as a powerful tool to profile the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this complex disorder. In this review, we will explore the recent advancements in hPSC-based modeling, discuss present and future applications of the model to ASD research, and finally consider the limitations and future directions within the field to make this system more robust and broadly applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah Kilpatrick
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Courtney Irwin
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karun K Singh
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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8
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Stott J, Wright T, Holmes J, Wilson J, Griffiths-Jones S, Foster D, Wright B. A systematic review of non-coding RNA genes with differential expression profiles associated with autism spectrum disorders. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287131. [PMID: 37319303 PMCID: PMC10270643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify differential expression of shorter non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). BACKGROUND ncRNA are functional molecules that derive from non-translated DNA sequence. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) have approved ncRNA gene classes with alignment to the reference human genome. One subset is microRNA (miRNA), which are highly conserved, short RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by direct post-transcriptional repression of messenger RNA. Several miRNA genes are implicated in the development and regulation of the nervous system. Expression of miRNA genes in ASD cohorts have been examined by multiple research groups. Other shorter classes of ncRNA have been examined less. A comprehensive systematic review examining expression of shorter ncRNA gene classes in ASD is timely to inform the direction of research. METHODS We extracted data from studies examining ncRNA gene expression in ASD compared with non-ASD controls. We included studies on miRNA, piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), small NF90 (ILF3) associated RNA (snaR), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), vault RNA (vtRNA) and Y RNA. The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, AMED and CINAHL for papers published from January 2000 to May 2022. Studies were screened by two independent investigators with a third resolving discrepancies. Data was extracted from eligible papers. RESULTS Forty-eight eligible studies were included in our systematic review with the majority examining miRNA gene expression alone. Sixty-four miRNA genes had differential expression in ASD compared to controls as reported in two or more studies, but often in opposing directions. Four miRNA genes had differential expression in the same direction in the same tissue type in at least 3 separate studies. Increased expression was reported in miR-106b-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-146a-5p in blood, post-mortem brain, and across several tissue types, respectively. Decreased expression was reported in miR-328-3p in bloods samples. Seven studies examined differential expression from other classes of ncRNA, including piRNA, snRNA, snoRNA and Y RNA. No individual ncRNA genes were reported in more than one study. Six studies reported differentially expressed snoRNA genes in ASD. A meta-analysis was not possible because of inconsistent methodologies, disparate tissue types examined, and varying forms of data presented. CONCLUSION There is limited but promising evidence associating the expression of certain miRNA genes and ASD, although the studies are of variable methodological quality and the results are largely inconsistent. There is emerging evidence associating differential expression of snoRNA genes in ASD. It is not currently possible to say whether the reports of differential expression in ncRNA may relate to ASD aetiology, a response to shared environmental factors linked to ASD such as sleep and nutrition, other molecular functions, human diversity, or chance findings. To improve our understanding of any potential association, we recommend improved and standardised methodologies and reporting of raw data. Further high-quality research is required to shine a light on possible associations, which may yet yield important information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Stott
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Foss Park Hospital, York, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Wright
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Clinical Genetics Service, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jannah Holmes
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Wilson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Griffiths-Jones
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Foster
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Foss Park Hospital, York, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Wright
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
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9
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Li Q, Ju XW, Xu J, Jiang J, Lu C, Ju XD. Maternal blood inflammatory marker levels increased in fetuses with ventriculomegaly. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:998206. [PMID: 36545352 PMCID: PMC9760835 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.998206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is one of the most common abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS), which can be significantly identified by brain anomalies prenatally by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Aberrant white blood cells (WBCs) levels indicate that the maternal is suffering from the infection. Previous studies have confirmed that prenatal infection can affect fetal brain structure, but there is no research revealed the association between maternal blood parameters with fetal VM until now. Methods We measured the width of the lateral ventricle of 142 fetuses, which were divided into the fetal VM group (n = 70) and the normal lateral ventricle group (n = 72). We compared maternal blood cell levels between the two groups and investigate potential biomarkers of fetal VM. Result High levels of maternal WBC and neutrophil (NE#) levels were observed in fetuses with VM (p < 0.001), while lymphocyte percentage, monocytes (MO#), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet were also increased in the fetal VM group (p = 0.033, 0.027, 0.034, and 0.025, respectively). receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis suggested that WBC and NE# counts might be useful to distinguish fetuses with enlarged lateral ventricles (AUC = 0.688, 0.678, respectively). Conclusion The current study emphasizes the importance of maternal infection for fetal brain growth, which could provide important information for prenatal diagnosis of CNS anomalies. Future research needs longitudinal analysis and exploration of the influence of maternal blood inflammatory marker levels on fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin-Wei Ju
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiuhong Jiang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Lu
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Development, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Chang Lu,
| | - Xing-Da Ju
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Autism Centre of Excellence, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,Xing-Da Ju,
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10
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Warren EB, Briano JA, Ellegood J, DeYoung T, Lerch JP, Morrow EM. 17q12 deletion syndrome mouse model shows defects in craniofacial, brain and kidney development, and glucose homeostasis. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049752. [PMID: 36373506 PMCID: PMC10655816 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
17q12 deletion (17q12Del) syndrome is a copy number variant (CNV) disorder associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD). Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated a mouse model of 17q12Del syndrome on both inbred (C57BL/6N) and outbred (CD-1) genetic backgrounds. On C57BL/6N, the 17q12Del mice had severe head development defects, potentially mediated by haploinsufficiency of Lhx1, a gene within the interval that controls head development. Phenotypes included brain malformations, particularly disruption of the telencephalon and craniofacial defects. On the CD-1 background, the 17q12Del mice survived to adulthood and showed milder craniofacial and brain abnormalities. We report postnatal brain defects using automated magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometry. In addition, we demonstrate renal and blood glucose abnormalities relevant to RCAD. On both genetic backgrounds, we found sex-specific presentations, with male 17q12Del mice exhibiting higher penetrance and more severe phenotypes. Results from these experiments pinpoint specific developmental defects and pathways that guide clinical studies and a mechanistic understanding of the human 17q12Del syndrome. This mouse mutant represents the first and only experimental model to date for the 17q12 CNV disorder. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Warren
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Juan A. Briano
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Taylor DeYoung
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eric M. Morrow
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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11
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Hwang IS, Hong SB. Association between body mass index and subcortical volume in pre-adolescent children with autism spectrum disorder: An exploratory study. Autism Res 2022; 15:2238-2249. [PMID: 36256577 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Conflicting associations exist between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and subcortical brain volumes. This study assessed whether obesity might have a confounding influence on associations between ASD and brain subcortical volumes. A comprehensive investigation evaluating the relationship between ASD, obesity, and subcortical structure volumes was conducted. Data obtained included body mass index (BMI) and T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images for children with and without ASD diagnoses from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database. Brain subcortical volumes were calculated using vol2Brain software. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the subcortical volumes similarly or differentially associated with BMI in children with or without ASD and examine association and interaction effects regarding ASD and subcortical volume impact on the Social Responsiveness Scale and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) scores. Bilateral caudate nuclei were smaller in children with ASD than in control participants. Significant interactions were observed between ASD diagnosis and BMI regarding the left caudate, right and left putamen, and right and left ventral diencephalon (DC) volumes (β = -0.384, p = 0.010; β = -0.336, p = 0.030; β = -0.317, p = 0.040; β = 0.322, p = 0.010; β = 0.295, p = 0.021, respectively) and between ASD diagnosis and right and left ventral DC volumes regarding the VABS scores (β = 0.434, p = 0.014; β = 0.495, p = 0.007, respectively). However, each subcortical structure volume included in the ventral DC area could not be measured separately. The results identified subcortical volumes differentially associated with obesity in children with ASD compared with typically developing peers. BMI may need to be considered an important confounder in future research examining brain subcortical volumes within ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Seong Hwang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Beom Hong
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Khadem-Reza ZK, Zare H. Evaluation of brain structure abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using structural magnetic resonance imaging. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disorders of the nervous system. Since the core cause of many of the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder is due to changes in the structure of the brain, the importance of examining the structural abnormalities of the brain in these disorder becomes apparent. The aim of this study is evaluation of brain structure abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). sMRI images of 26 autistic and 26 Healthy control subjects in the range of 5–10 years are selected from the ABIDE database. For a better assessment of structural abnormalities, the surface and volume features are extracted together from this images. Then, the extracted features from both groups were compared with the sample t test and the features with significant differences between the two groups were identified.
Results
The results of volume-based features indicate an increase in total brain volume and white matter and a change in white and gray matter volume in brain regions of Hammers atlas in the autism group. In addition, the results of surface-based features indicate an increase in mean and standard deviation of cerebral cortex thickness and changes in cerebral cortex thickness, sulcus depth, surface complexity and gyrification index in the brain regions of the Desikan–Killany cortical atlas.
Conclusions
Identifying structurally abnormal areas of the brain and examining their relationship to the clinical features of Autism Spectrum Disorder can pave the way for the correct and early detection of this disorder using structural magnetic resonance imaging. It is also possible to design treatment for autistic people based on the abnormal areas of the brain, and to see the effectiveness of the treatment using imaging.
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13
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Sobolewski M, Conrad K, Marvin E, Eckard M, Goeke CM, Merrill AK, Welle K, Jackson BP, Gelein R, Chalupa D, Oberdörster G, Cory-Slechta DA. The potential involvement of inhaled iron (Fe) in the neurotoxic effects of ultrafine particulate matter air pollution exposure on brain development in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:56. [PMID: 35945578 PMCID: PMC9364598 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in epidemiological studies. In our studies in mice, developmental exposures to ambient ultrafine particulate (UFP) matter either postnatally or gestationally results in neurotoxic consequences that include brain metal dyshomeostasis, including significant increases in brain Fe. Since Fe is redox active and neurotoxic to brain in excess, this study examined the extent to which postnatal Fe inhalation exposure, might contribute to the observed neurotoxicity of UFPs. Mice were exposed to 1 µg/m3 Fe oxide nanoparticles alone, or in conjunction with sulfur dioxide (Fe (1 µg/m3) + SO2 (SO2 at 1.31 mg/m3, 500 ppb) from postnatal days 4-7 and 10-13 for 4 h/day. RESULTS Overarching results included the observations that Fe + SO2 produced greater neurotoxicity than did Fe alone, that females appeared to show greater vulnerability to these exposures than did males, and that profiles of effects differed by sex. Consistent with metal dyshomeostasis, both Fe only and Fe + SO2 exposures altered correlations of Fe and of sulfur (S) with other metals in a sex and tissue-specific manner. Specifically, altered metal levels in lung, but particularly in frontal cortex were found, with reductions produced by Fe in females, but increases produced by Fe + SO2 in males. At PND14, marked changes in brain frontal cortex and striatal neurotransmitter systems were observed, particularly in response to combined Fe + SO2 as compared to Fe only, in glutamatergic and dopaminergic functions that were of opposite directions by sex. Changes in markers of trans-sulfuration in frontal cortex likewise differed in females as compared to males. Residual neurotransmitter changes were limited at PND60. Increases in serum glutathione and Il-1a were female-specific effects of combined Fe + SO2. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings suggest a role for the Fe contamination in air pollution in the observed neurotoxicity of ambient UFPs and that such involvement may be different by chemical mixture. Translation of such results to humans requires verification, and, if found, would suggest a need for regulation of Fe in air for public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Sobolewski
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Katherine Conrad
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Elena Marvin
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Matthew Eckard
- grid.262333.50000000098205004Department of Psychology, Radford University, Radford, VA 24142 USA
| | - Calla M. Goeke
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Alyssa K. Merrill
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Kevin Welle
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Proteomics Core, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Brian P. Jackson
- grid.254880.30000 0001 2179 2404Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Robert Gelein
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - David Chalupa
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Deborah A. Cory-Slechta
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
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14
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Borsani E, Bonomini F, Bonini SA, Premoli M, Maccarinelli G, Giugno L, Mastinu A, Aria F, Memo M, Rezzani R. Role of melatonin in autism spectrum disorders in a male murine transgenic model: Study in the prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:780-797. [PMID: 35043490 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders sharing common features related to impaired social and communication abilities in addition to stereotyped behaviors. ASD patients present encephalic morphological, physiological, and biomolecular alterations with low levels of melatonin due to alterations in its pathways. Therefore, even if ASDs have traditionally been framed as behavioral disorders, several lines of evidence are accumulating that ASDs are characterized by certain anatomical and physiological abnormalities, including oxidative stress and inflammation in peripheral biomarkers, but likewise present in human brain tissue also characterized by alterations in synaptic remodeling and neuromodulation. Melatonin has also protective and antioxidant properties, so we can therefore hypothesize that alterations in melatonin's pathways may be one of the causes of the symptomatology of autism. The aim of the present study was to analyze the beneficial effect induced by melatonin administration and its possible mechanism of action in a transgenic mouse model of autism, immediately after weaning. The male mice were daily treated per os with melatonin (10 mg/Kg/day) or vehicle for 8 weeks starting from the sixth week of life. The antioxidant modulation, the GABAergic/glutamatergic impairment, and the synaptic remodeling in the prefrontal cortex have been evaluated. Social and repetitive behaviors were also evaluated. The behavioral results showed no statistical evidences, instead the immunohistochemical results indicated the ability of melatonin to promote the activity of antioxidant system, the GABAergic/glutamatergic equilibrium, and the synaptic remodeling. The results show that melatonin may be a possible adjuvant therapeutic strategy in ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Borsani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bonomini
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Anna Bonini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marika Premoli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Maccarinelli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lorena Giugno
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Aria
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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15
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Ma D, Peng L, Gao X. Adaptive noise depression for functional brain network estimation. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1100266. [PMID: 36704736 PMCID: PMC9871598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one common psychiatric illness that manifests in neurological and developmental disorders, which can last throughout a person's life and cause challenges in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Since the standard ASD diagnosis is highly based on the symptoms of the disease, it is difficult to make an early diagnosis to take the best cure opportunity. Compared to the standard methods, functional brain network (FBN) could reveal the statistical dependence among neural architectures in brains and provide potential biomarkers for the early neuro-disease diagnosis and treatment of some neurological disorders. However, there are few FBN estimation methods that take into account the noise during the data acquiring process, resulting in poor quality of FBN and thus poor diagnosis results. To address such issues, we provide a brand-new approach for estimating FBNs under a noise modeling framework. In particular, we introduce a noise term to model the representation errors and impose a regularizer to incorporate noise prior into FBNs estimation. More importantly, the proposed method can be formulated as conducting traditional FBN estimation based on transformed fMRI data, which means the traditional methods can be elegantly modified to support noise modeling. That is, we provide a plug-and-play noise module capable of being embedded into different methods and adjusted according to different noise priors. In the end, we conduct abundant experiments to identify ASD from normal controls (NCs) based on the constructed FBNs to illustrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed method. Consequently, we achieved up to 13.04% classification accuracy improvement compared with the baseline methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ma
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liling Peng
- Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China
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16
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Hoogman M, van Rooij D, Klein M, Boedhoe P, Ilioska I, Li T, Patel Y, Postema MC, Zhang‐James Y, Anagnostou E, Arango C, Auzias G, Banaschewski T, Bau CHD, Behrmann M, Bellgrove MA, Brandeis D, Brem S, Busatto GF, Calderoni S, Calvo R, Castellanos FX, Coghill D, Conzelmann A, Daly E, Deruelle C, Dinstein I, Durston S, Ecker C, Ehrlich S, Epstein JN, Fair DA, Fitzgerald J, Freitag CM, Frodl T, Gallagher L, Grevet EH, Haavik J, Hoekstra PJ, Janssen J, Karkashadze G, King JA, Konrad K, Kuntsi J, Lazaro L, Lerch JP, Lesch K, Louza MR, Luna B, Mattos P, McGrath J, Muratori F, Murphy C, Nigg JT, Oberwelland‐Weiss E, O'Gorman Tuura RL, O'Hearn K, Oosterlaan J, Parellada M, Pauli P, Plessen KJ, Ramos‐Quiroga JA, Reif A, Reneman L, Retico A, Rosa PGP, Rubia K, Shaw P, Silk TJ, Tamm L, Vilarroya O, Walitza S, Jahanshad N, Faraone SV, Francks C, van den Heuvel OA, Paus T, Thompson PM, Buitelaar JK, Franke B. Consortium neuroscience of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: The ENIGMA adventure. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:37-55. [PMID: 32420680 PMCID: PMC8675410 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging has been extensively used to study brain structure and function in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) over the past decades. Two of the main shortcomings of the neuroimaging literature of these disorders are the small sample sizes employed and the heterogeneity of methods used. In 2013 and 2014, the ENIGMA-ADHD and ENIGMA-ASD working groups were respectively, founded with a common goal to address these limitations. Here, we provide a narrative review of the thus far completed and still ongoing projects of these working groups. Due to an implicitly hierarchical psychiatric diagnostic classification system, the fields of ADHD and ASD have developed largely in isolation, despite the considerable overlap in the occurrence of the disorders. The collaboration between the ENIGMA-ADHD and -ASD working groups seeks to bring the neuroimaging efforts of the two disorders closer together. The outcomes of case-control studies of subcortical and cortical structures showed that subcortical volumes are similarly affected in ASD and ADHD, albeit with small effect sizes. Cortical analyses identified unique differences in each disorder, but also considerable overlap between the two, specifically in cortical thickness. Ongoing work is examining alternative research questions, such as brain laterality, prediction of case-control status, and anatomical heterogeneity. In brief, great strides have been made toward fulfilling the aims of the ENIGMA collaborations, while new ideas and follow-up analyses continue that include more imaging modalities (diffusion MRI and resting-state functional MRI), collaborations with other large databases, and samples with dual diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Premika Boedhoe
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & NeurosciencesAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Iva Ilioska
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Yash Patel
- Bloorview Research InstituteHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Merel C. Postema
- Department of Language & GeneticsMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Yanli Zhang‐James
- Department of Psychiatry and behavioral sciencesSUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Department of Pediatrics University of TorontoHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAMMadridSpain
- School of Medicine, Universidad ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | | | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCentral Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Claiton H. D. Bau
- Department of Genetics, Institute of BiosciencesUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research CenterHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
- Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research CenterHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Marlene Behrmann
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience InstituteCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Mark A. Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCentral Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPsychiatric Hospital, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- The Neuroscience Center ZurichUniversity of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Silvia Brem
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPsychiatric Hospital, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- The Neuroscience Center ZurichUniversity of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Geraldo F. Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de PsiquiatriaHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental NeuroscienceIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisaItaly
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyHospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
| | - Rosa Calvo
- IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of MedicineUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryHassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU LangoneNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Francisco X. Castellanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryHassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU LangoneNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric ResearchOrangeburgNew YorkUSA
| | - David Coghill
- Department of Paediatrics and PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyTübingenGermany
- PFH – Private University of Applied Sciences, Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology II)GöttingenGermany
| | - Eileen Daly
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental ScienceInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Ilan Dinstein
- Department of PsychologyBen Gurion UniversityBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Sarah Durston
- NICHE lab, Deptartment of PsychiatryUMC Utrecht Brain CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental ScienceInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and PsychotherapyAutism Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of MedicineTechnischen Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center at the Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTechnischen Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jeffery N. Epstein
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical PsychologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
- Department of PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Damien A. Fair
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | | | - Christine M. Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and PsychotherapyAutism Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyOtto von Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Louise Gallagher
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Eugenio H. Grevet
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research CenterHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
- Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research CenterHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical ScienceUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Jan Haavik
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Division of PsychiatryHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAMMadridSpain
| | - Georgii Karkashadze
- Scientific research institute of Pediatrics and child health of Central clinical Hospital RAoSMoscowRussia
| | - Joseph A. King
- Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of MedicineTechnischen Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology SectionUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany
- JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (INM‐11), Institute for Neuroscience and MedicineResearch Center JülichJulichGermany
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyHospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of MedicineUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department for Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordUK
- The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Klaus‐Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental HealthUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Laboratory of Psychiatric NeurobiologyInstitute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
- Department of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Mario R. Louza
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paulo Mattos
- D'Or Institute for Research and EducationRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Jane McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental NeuroscienceIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisaItaly
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Clodagh Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental ScienceInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Joel T. Nigg
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Eileen Oberwelland‐Weiss
- JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (INM‐11), Institute for Neuroscience and MedicineResearch Center JülichJulichGermany
- Translational Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent PsychiatryUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany
| | - Ruth L. O'Gorman Tuura
- Center for MR ResearchUniversity Children's HospitalZurichSwitzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP)ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Kirsten O'Hearn
- Department of physiology and pharmacologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mara Parellada
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAMMadridSpain
- School of MedicineUniversidad ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Biological PsychologyClinical Psychology and PsychotherapyWürzburgGermany
| | - Kerstin J. Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health CentreCopenhagenDenmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital LausanneSwitzerland
| | - J. Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of PsychiatryHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronBarcelonaSpain
- Group of Psychiatry, Addictions and Mental HealthVall d'Hebron Research InstituteBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Brain Imaging CenterAmsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Pedro G. P. Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de PsiquiatriaHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Philip Shaw
- National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA
- National Institute of Mental HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Tim J. Silk
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Deakin UniversitySchool of PsychologyGeelongAustralia
| | - Leanne Tamm
- Department of PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Oscar Vilarroya
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPsychiatric Hospital, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- The Neuroscience Center ZurichUniversity of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics CenterStevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USCMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Department of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and PhysiologySUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Clyde Francks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Language & GeneticsMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Odile A. van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & NeurosciencesAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research InstituteHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- Departments of Psychology & PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics CenterStevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USCMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Karakter child and adolescent psychiatry University CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
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17
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Romero C, Uddin LQ. Bilingualism, Executive Function, and the Brain: Implications for Autism. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2021; 2:513-531. [PMID: 37214624 PMCID: PMC10158561 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with marked heterogeneity with respect to the development of executive function abilities. The bilingual advantage refers to the observation that individuals who speak two languages perform better on executive function tasks than monolinguals under some circumstances. There is not yet consensus, however, as to whether this advantage can be reliably demonstrated, nor is there consensus regarding under which conditions it emerges. Bilingual and monolingual children with ASD have comparable developmental outcomes, particularly in the areas of core ASD symptoms, cognitive function, and language. Still, despite the potential advantages that bilingualism may confer, clinicians commonly advise against providing a bilingual environment for children with ASD. The purpose of the present review is to provide an up-to-date assessment of the limited literature on bilingualism in children with ASD in order to inform evidence-based practice. Studies suggest a potential bilingual advantage in ASD in the areas of nonverbal intelligence quotient, adaptive functioning, and expressive vocabulary. A limited yet growing literature provides preliminary evidence for enhanced executive function ability in some children with ASD. Taken together, current evidence suggests that although a bilingual advantage may not be universally present in typical development, it may manifest under specific circumstances, conferring advantage for populations in which executive function is compromised. Further work is needed to develop consistent, evidence-based guidelines around language recommendations for families of children with ASD and to better understand the cognitive and brain mechanisms giving rise to the bilingual advantage in clinical developmental populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Romero
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Lucina Q. Uddin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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McPartland JC, Lerner MD, Bhat A, Clarkson T, Jack A, Koohsari S, Matuskey D, McQuaid GA, Su WC, Trevisan DA. Looking Back at the Next 40 Years of ASD Neuroscience Research. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 51:4333-4353. [PMID: 34043128 PMCID: PMC8542594 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last 40 years, neuroscience has become one of the most central and most productive approaches to investigating autism. In this commentary, we assemble a group of established investigators and trainees to review key advances and anticipated developments in neuroscience research across five modalities most commonly employed in autism research: magnetic resonance imaging, functional near infrared spectroscopy, positron emission tomography, electroencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Broadly, neuroscience research has provided important insights into brain systems involved in autism but not yet mechanistic understanding. Methodological advancements are expected to proffer deeper understanding of neural circuitry associated with function and dysfunction during the next 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew D Lerner
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Anjana Bhat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Tessa Clarkson
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allison Jack
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Sheida Koohsari
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Goldie A McQuaid
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Wan-Chun Su
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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19
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Wang Z, Peng D, Shang Y, Gao J. Autistic Spectrum Disorder Detection and Structural Biomarker Identification Using Self-Attention Model and Individual-Level Morphological Covariance Brain Networks. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:756868. [PMID: 34712116 PMCID: PMC8547518 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.756868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, which brings enormous burdens to the families of patients and society. However, due to the lack of representation of variance for diseases and the absence of biomarkers for diagnosis, the early detection and intervention of ASD are remarkably challenging. In this study, we proposed a self-attention deep learning framework based on the transformer model on structural MR images from the ABIDE consortium to classify ASD patients from normal controls and simultaneously identify the structural biomarkers. In our work, the individual structural covariance networks are used to perform ASD/NC classification via a self-attention deep learning framework, instead of the original structural MR data, to take full advantage of the coordination patterns of morphological features between brain regions. The self-attention deep learning framework based on the transformer model can extract both local and global information from the input data, making it more suitable for the brain network data than the CNN- structural model. Meanwhile, the potential diagnosis structural biomarkers are identified by the self-attention coefficients map. The experimental results showed that our proposed method outperforms most of the current methods for classifying ASD patients with the ABIDE data and achieves a classification accuracy of 72.5% across different sites. Furthermore, the potential diagnosis biomarkers were found mainly located in the prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, and cerebellum, which may be treated as the early biomarkers for the ASD diagnosis. Our study demonstrated that the self-attention deep learning framework is an effective way to diagnose ASD and establish the potential biomarkers for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengning Wang
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dawei Peng
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongbin Shang
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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20
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Yang C, Wang P, Tan J, Liu Q, Li X. Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using graph attention network based on spatial-constrained sparse functional brain networks. Comput Biol Med 2021; 139:104963. [PMID: 34700253 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a common mental disease in children, has always been an important task in clinical practice. In recent years, the use of graph neural network (GNN) based on functional brain network (FBN) has shown powerful performance for disease diagnosis. The challenge to construct "ideal" FBN from resting-state fMRI data remained. Moreover, it remains unclear whether and to what extent the non-Euclidean structure of different FBNs affect the performance of GNN-based disease classification. In this paper, we proposed a new method named Pearson's correlation-based Spatial Constraints Representation (PSCR) to estimate the FBN structures that were transformed to brain graphs and then fed into a graph attention network (GAT) to diagnose ASD. Extensive experiments on comparing different FBN construction methods and classification frameworks were conducted on the ABIDE I dataset (n = 871). The results demonstrated the superiority of our PSCR method and the influence of different FBNs on the GNN-based classification results. The proposed PSCR and GAT framework achieved promising classification results for ASD (accuracy: 72.40%), which significantly outperformed competing methods. This will help facilitate patient-control separation, and provide a promising solution for future disease diagnosis based on the FBN and GNN framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunde Yang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China; School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Panyu Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Tan
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingshui Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
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21
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PTEN mutations in autism spectrum disorder and congenital hydrocephalus: developmental pleiotropy and therapeutic targets. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:961-976. [PMID: 34625286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lack of effective treatments for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital hydrocephalus (CH) reflects the limited understanding of the biology underlying these common neurodevelopmental disorders. Although ASD and CH have been extensively studied as independent entities, recent human genomic and preclinical animal studies have uncovered shared molecular pathophysiology. Here, we review and discuss phenotypic, genomic, and molecular similarities between ASD and CH, and identify the PTEN-PI3K-mTOR (phosphatase and tensin homolog-phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway as a common underlying mechanism that holds diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic promise for individuals with ASD and CH.
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22
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Ji J, Yao Y. A novel CNN framework to extract multi-level modular features for the classification of brain networks. APPL INTELL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10489-021-02668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Prigge MBD, Lange N, Bigler ED, King JB, Dean DC, Adluru N, Alexander AL, Lainhart JE, Zielinski BA. A 16-year study of longitudinal volumetric brain development in males with autism. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118067. [PMID: 33878377 PMCID: PMC8489006 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with unknown brain etiology. Our knowledge to date about structural brain development across the lifespan in ASD comes mainly from cross-sectional studies, thereby limiting our understanding of true age effects within individuals with the disorder that can only be gained through longitudinal research. The present study describes FreeSurfer-derived volumetric findings from a longitudinal dataset consisting of 607 T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans collected from 105 male individuals with ASD (349 MRIs) and 125 typically developing male controls (258 MRIs). Participants were six to forty-five years of age at their first scan, and were scanned up to 5 times over a period of 16 years (average inter-scan interval of 3.7 years). Atypical age-related volumetric trajectories in ASD included enlarged gray matter volume in early childhood that approached levels of the control group by late childhood, an age-related increase in ventricle volume resulting in enlarged ventricles by early adulthood and reduced corpus callosum age-related volumetric increase resulting in smaller corpus callosum volume in adulthood. Larger corpus callosum volume was related to a lower (better) ADOS score at the most recent study visit for the participants with ASD. These longitudinal findings expand our knowledge of volumetric brain-based abnormalities in males with ASD, and highlight the need to continue to examine brain structure across the lifespan and well into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly B D Prigge
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Nicholas Lange
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin D Bigler
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA; Department of Neurology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Jace B King
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Douglas C Dean
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nagesh Adluru
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew L Alexander
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Janet E Lainhart
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brandon A Zielinski
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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24
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Volumetric magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging of C58/J mice: neural correlates of repetitive behavior. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:2084-2096. [PMID: 31342238 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Restricted, repetitive behavior (RRB) involves sequences of responding with little variability and no obvious function. RRB is diagnostic for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and a significant feature in several neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite its clinical importance, relatively little is known about how RRB is mediated by broader neural circuits. In this study, we employed ultra-high field (17.6 Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the C58/J mouse model of RRB. We determined alterations in brain morphology and connectivity of C58/J mice and their relationship to repetitive motor behavior using structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Compared to the genetically similar C57BL/6 control mouse strain, C58/J mice showed evidence of structural alterations in basal ganglia and cerebellar networks. In particular, C58/J mice exhibited reduced volumes of key cortical and basal ganglia regions that have been implicated in repetitive behavior, including motor cortex, striatum, globus pallidus, and subthalamic nucleus, as well as volume differences in the cerebellum. Moreover, DTI revealed differences in fractional anisotropy and axial diffusivity in cerebellar white matter of C58/J mice. Importantly, we found that RRB exhibited by C58/J mice was correlated with volume of the striatum, subthalamic nucleus, and crus II of the cerebellum. These regions are key nodes in circuits connecting the basal ganglia and cerebellum and our findings implicate their role in RRB, particularly the indirect pathway.
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25
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Mei T, Llera A, Floris DL, Forde NJ, Tillmann J, Durston S, Moessnang C, Banaschewski T, Holt RJ, Baron-Cohen S, Rausch A, Loth E, Dell'Acqua F, Charman T, Murphy DGM, Ecker C, Beckmann CF, Buitelaar JK. Gray matter covariations and core symptoms of autism: the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project. Mol Autism 2020; 11:86. [PMID: 33126911 PMCID: PMC7596954 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-020-00389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies in autism spectrum disorder (autism) have yielded diverging results. This might partly be attributed to structural alterations being associating with the combined influence of several regions rather than with a single region. Further, these structural covariation differences may relate to continuous measures of autism rather than with categorical case-control contrasts. The current study aimed to identify structural covariation alterations in autism, and assessed canonical correlations between brain covariation patterns and core autism symptoms. METHODS We studied 347 individuals with autism and 252 typically developing individuals, aged between 6 and 30 years, who have been deeply phenotyped in the Longitudinal European Autism Project. All participants' VBM maps were decomposed into spatially independent components using independent component analysis. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to examine case-control differences. Next, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed to separately explore the integrated effects between all the brain sources of gray matter variation and two sets of core autism symptoms. RESULTS GLM analyses showed significant case-control differences for two independent components. The first component was primarily associated with decreased density of bilateral insula, inferior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, and increased density of caudate nucleus in the autism group relative to typically developing individuals. The second component was related to decreased densities of the bilateral amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus in the autism group relative to typically developing individuals. The CCA results showed significant correlations between components that involved variation of thalamus, putamen, precentral gyrus, frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes, and the cerebellum, and repetitive, rigid and stereotyped behaviors and abnormal sensory behaviors in autism individuals. LIMITATIONS Only 55.9% of the participants with autism had complete questionnaire data on continuous parent-reported symptom measures. CONCLUSIONS Covaried areas associated with autism diagnosis and/or symptoms are scattered across the whole brain and include the limbic system, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, precentral gyrus, and parts of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Some of these areas potentially subserve social-communicative behavior, whereas others may underpin sensory processing and integration, and motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Mei
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Alberto Llera
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothea L Floris
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie J Forde
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julian Tillmann
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Durston
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rosemary J Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Annika Rausch
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Loth
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Navas-Pérez E, Vicente-García C, Mirra S, Burguera D, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Ferrán JL, López-Mayorga M, Alaiz-Noya M, Suárez-Pereira I, Antón-Galindo E, Ulloa F, Herrera-Úbeda C, Cuscó P, Falcón-Moya R, Rodríguez-Moreno A, D'Aniello S, Cormand B, Marfany G, Soriano E, Carrión ÁM, Carvajal JJ, Garcia-Fernàndez J. Characterization of an eutherian gene cluster generated after transposon domestication identifies Bex3 as relevant for advanced neurological functions. Genome Biol 2020; 21:267. [PMID: 33100228 PMCID: PMC7586669 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most unusual sources of phylogenetically restricted genes is the molecular domestication of transposable elements into a host genome as functional genes. Although these kinds of events are sometimes at the core of key macroevolutionary changes, their origin and organismal function are generally poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we identify several previously unreported transposable element domestication events in the human and mouse genomes. Among them, we find a remarkable molecular domestication that gave rise to a multigenic family in placental mammals, the Bex/Tceal gene cluster. These genes, which act as hub proteins within diverse signaling pathways, have been associated with neurological features of human patients carrying genomic microdeletions in chromosome X. The Bex/Tceal genes display neural-enriched patterns and are differentially expressed in human neurological disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia. Two different murine alleles of the cluster member Bex3 display morphological and physiopathological brain modifications, such as reduced interneuron number and hippocampal electrophysiological imbalance, alterations that translate into distinct behavioral phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS We provide an in-depth understanding of the emergence of a gene cluster that originated by transposon domestication and gene duplication at the origin of placental mammals, an evolutionary process that transformed a non-functional transposon sequence into novel components of the eutherian genome. These genes were integrated into existing signaling pathways involved in the development, maintenance, and function of the CNS in eutherians. At least one of its members, Bex3, is relevant for higher brain functions in placental mammals and may be involved in human neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Navas-Pérez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Vicente-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC-UPO-JA, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Serena Mirra
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Demian Burguera
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Zoology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Ferrán
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca Institute, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Macarena López-Mayorga
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC-UPO-JA, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marta Alaiz-Noya
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.,Present Address: Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante (Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Alicante, Spain
| | - Irene Suárez-Pereira
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.,Present Address: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Neuropsychopharmacology and psychobiology research group, UCA, INiBICA, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ester Antón-Galindo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fausto Ulloa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Herrera-Úbeda
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pol Cuscó
- Genome Architecture, Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Falcón-Moya
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Bru Cormand
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel M Carrión
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jaime J Carvajal
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC-UPO-JA, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Brain Magnetic Resonance Findings in 117 Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder under 5 Years Old. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10100741. [PMID: 33081247 PMCID: PMC7602717 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the potential benefits of neuroimaging measurements across the first 5 years of life in detecting early comorbid or etiological signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In particular, we analyzed the prevalence of neuroradiologic findings in routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of a group of 117 ASD children younger than 5 years old. These data were compared to those reported in typically developing (TD) children. MRI findings in children with ASD were analyzed in relation to their cognitive level, severity of autistic symptoms, and the presence of electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities. The MRI was rated abnormal in 55% of children with ASD with a significant prevalence in the high-functioning subgroup compared to TD children. We report significant incidental findings of mega cisterna magna, ventricular anomalies and abnormal white matter signal intensity in ASD without significant associations between these MRI findings and EEG features. Based on these results we discuss the role that brain MRI may play in the diagnostic procedure of ASD.
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Air Pollution-Related Brain Metal Dyshomeostasis as a Potential Risk Factor for Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links air pollution (AP) exposure to effects on the central nervous system structure and function. Particulate matter AP, especially the ultrafine (nanoparticle) components, can carry numerous metal and trace element contaminants that can reach the brain in utero and after birth. Excess brain exposure to either essential or non-essential elements can result in brain dyshomeostasis, which has been implicated in both neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs; autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDGDs; Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). This review summarizes the current understanding of the extent to which the inhalational or intranasal instillation of metals reproduces in vivo the shared features of NDDs and NDGDs, including enlarged lateral ventricles, alterations in myelination, glutamatergic dysfunction, neuronal cell death, inflammation, microglial activation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered social behaviors, cognitive dysfunction, and impulsivity. Although evidence is limited to date, neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are reproduced by numerous metals. Understanding the specific contribution of metals/trace elements to this neurotoxicity can guide the development of more realistic animal exposure models of human AP exposure and consequently lead to a more meaningful approach to mechanistic studies, potential intervention strategies, and regulatory requirements.
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May KE, Kana RK. Frontoparietal Network in Executive Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2020; 13:1762-1777. [PMID: 33016005 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Higher cognitive functions in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized by impairments in executive functions (EF). While some research attributes this to an overreliance of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), others demonstrate poor recruitment of the PFC in individuals with ASD. In order to assess the emerging consensus across neuroimaging studies of EF in ASD, the current study used a coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis of 16 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, resulting in a meta-analysis of data from 739 participants (356 ASD, 383 typically developing [TD] individuals) ranging from 7 to 52 years of age. Within-group analysis of EF tasks revealed that both TD and ASD participants had significant activity in PFC regions. Analysis of group differences indicated greater activation in ASD, relative to TD participants, in the right middle frontal gyrus and the anterior cingulate cortex, and lesser activation in the bilateral middle frontal, left inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, and precuneus. Although both ASD and TD participants showed similar PFC activation, there was differential recruitment of wider network of EF regions such as the IPL in ASD participants. The under-recruitment of parietal regions may be due to poor connectivity of the frontoparietal networks with other regions during EF tasks or a restricted executive network in ASD participants which is limited primarily to the PFC. These results support the executive dysfunction hypothesis of ASD and suggests that poor frontoparietal recruitment may underlie some of the EF difficulties individuals with ASD experience. LAY SUMMARY: This study reports a meta-analysis of 16 brain imaging studies of executive functions (EF) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While parts of the brain's EF network is activated in both ASD and control participants, the ASD group does not activate a wider network of EF regions such as the parietal cortex. This may be due to poor EF network connectivity, or a constrained EF network in ASD participants. These results may underlie some of the EF difficulties individuals with ASD experience. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1762-1777. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E May
- Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Rajesh K Kana
- Department of Psychology, Center for Innovative Research in Autism, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
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30
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Zhang L, Wang XH, Li L. Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder using brain entropy: A fast entropy method. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 190:105240. [PMID: 31806393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Previous resting-state fMRI-based diagnostic models for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were based on traditional linear features. The complexity of the ASD brain remains unexplored. METHODS To increase our understanding of the nonlinear neural mechanisms in ASD, entropy (i.e., approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn)) method was used to analyze the resting-state fMRI datasets collected from 21 ASD patients and 26 typically developing (TD) individuals. Here, a fast entropy algorithm was proposed through matrix computation. We combined entropy with a support-vector machine and selected "important entropy" as features to diagnose ASD. The classification performance of the fast entropy method was compared to the state-of-the-art functional connectivity (FC) method. RESULTS The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve based on FC was 0.62. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves based on ApEn and SampEn were 0.79 and 0.89, respectively. The results showed that the proposed fast entropy method was more efficacious than the FC method. In addition, lower entropy was found in the ASD patients. The ApEn of the left postcentral gyrus (rs = -0.556, p = 0.009) and the SampEn of the right lingual gyrus (rs = -0.526, p = 0.014) were both significantly negatively related to Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule total scores in the ASD patients. The proposed algorithm for entropy computation was faster than the traditional entropy method. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a new perspective to better understand the neural mechanisms of ASD. Brain entropy based on a fast algorithm was applied to distinguish ASD patients from TD individuals. ApEn and SampEn could be potential biomarkers in ASD investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xun-Heng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lihua Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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31
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Non-Invasive MRI of Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Function. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2081. [PMID: 32350278 PMCID: PMC7190825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) is a highly dynamic transport interface that serves brain homeostasis. To date, however, understanding of its role in brain development and pathology has been hindered by the absence of a non-invasive technique for functional assessment. Here we describe a method for non-invasive measurement of BSCFB function by using tracer-free MRI to quantify rates of water delivery from arterial blood to ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Using this method, we record a 36% decrease in BCSFB function in aged mice, compared to a 13% decrease in parenchymal blood flow, itself a leading candidate biomarker of early neurodegenerative processes. We then apply the method to explore the relationship between BCSFB function and ventricular morphology. Finally, we provide proof of application to the human brain. Our findings position the BCSFB as a promising new diagnostic and therapeutic target, the function of which can now be safely quantified using non-invasive MRI. The blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) is an important interface for brain homeostasis. Here the authors describe a non-invasive MRI technique for the quantitative assessment of BCSFB function.
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32
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Duan X, Wang R, Xiao J, Li Y, Huang X, Guo X, Cao J, He L, He C, Ling Z, Shan X, Chen H, Kang X, Chen H. Subcortical structural covariance in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 99:109874. [PMID: 31981719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in the structure of subcortical regions are central to numerous behaviors affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and these regions may undergo atypical coordinated neurodevelopment. However, relatively little is known about morphological correlations among subcortical structures in young children with ASD. In this study, using volumetric-based methodology and structural covariance approach, we investigated structural covariance of subcortical brain volume in 40 young children with ASD (<7.5 years old) and 38 age-, gender-, and handedness-matched typically developing (TD) children. Results showed that compared with TD children, children with ASD exhibited decreased structural covariation between the left and right cerebral hemispheres, specifically between the left and right thalami, right globus pallidus and left nucleus accumbens, and left globus pallidus and right nucleus accumbens. Compared with TD children, children with ASD exhibited increased structural covariation between adjacent regions, such as between the right globus pallidus and right putamen. Additionally, abnormalities in subcortical structural covariance can predict social communication and repetitive and stereotypic behavior in young children with ASD. Overall, these results suggest decreased long-range structural covariation and enhanced local covariation in subcortical structures in children with ASD, highlighting aberrant developmental coordination or synchronized maturation between subcortical regions that play crucial roles in social cognition and behavior in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Runshi Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jinming Xiao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Ya Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaonan Guo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Liyao He
- Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Changchun He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zihan Ling
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaolong Shan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Kang
- Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu 611135, China.
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
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Jackson TW, Bendfeldt GA, Beam KA, Rock KD, Belcher SM. Heterozygous mutation of sonic hedgehog receptor (Ptch1) drives cerebellar overgrowth and sex-specifically alters hippocampal and cortical layer structure, activity, and social behavior in female mice. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 78:106866. [PMID: 32113901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling is essential for the differentiation and migration of early stem cell populations during cerebellar development. Dysregulation of SHH-signaling can result in cerebellar overgrowth and the formation of the brain tumor medulloblastoma. Treatment for medulloblastoma is extremely aggressive and patients suffer life-long side effects including behavioral deficits. Considering that other behavioral disorders including autism spectrum disorders, holoprosencephaly, and basal cell nevus syndrome are known to present with cerebellar abnormalities, it is proposed that some behavioral abnormalities could be inherent to the medulloblastoma sequalae rather than treatment. Using a haploinsufficient SHH receptor knockout mouse model (Ptch1+/-), a partner preference task was used to explore activity, social behavior and neuroanatomical changes resulting from dysregulated SHH signaling. Compared to wild-type, Ptch1+/- females displayed increased activity by traveling a greater distance in both open-field and partner preference tasks. Social behavior was also sex-specifically modified in Ptch1+/- females that interacted more with both novel and familiar animals in the partner preference task compared to same-sex wild-type controls. Haploinsufficiency of PTCH1 resulted in cerebellar overgrowth in lobules IV/V and IX of both sexes, and female-specific decreases in hippocampal size and isocortical layer thickness. Taken together, neuroanatomical changes related to deficient SHH signaling may alter social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Jackson
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NS, USA.
| | - Gabriel A Bendfeldt
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NS, USA.
| | - Kelby A Beam
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NS, USA.
| | - Kylie D Rock
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NS, USA.
| | - Scott M Belcher
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NS, USA.
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Richards R, Greimel E, Kliemann D, Koerte IK, Schulte-Körne G, Reuter M, Wachinger C. Increased hippocampal shape asymmetry and volumetric ventricular asymmetry in autism spectrum disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 26:102207. [PMID: 32092683 PMCID: PMC7037573 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Found increased subcortical asymmetry associated with autism. Utilized a new measure of shape asymmetry for analysis of structural differences. Observed significantly increased shape asymmetry of the hippocampus. Observed significantly increased volumetric asymmetry in the lateral ventricles. Focalized abnormalities may result in detectable shape (but not volume) differences.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent and fast-growing pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide. Despite the increasing prevalence of ASD and the breadth of research conducted on the disorder, a conclusive etiology has yet to be established and controversy still exists surrounding the anatomical abnormalities in ASD. In particular, structural asymmetries have seldom been investigated in ASD, especially in subcortical regions. Additionally, the majority of studies for identifying structural biomarkers associated with ASD have focused on small sample sizes. Therefore, the present study utilizes a large-scale, multi-site database to investigate asymmetries in the amygdala, hippocampus, and lateral ventricles, given the potential involvement of these regions in ASD. Contrary to prior work, we are not only computing volumetric asymmetries, but also shape asymmetries, using a new measure of asymmetry based on spectral shape descriptors. This measure represents the magnitude of the asymmetry and therefore captures both directional and undirectional asymmetry. The asymmetry analysis is conducted on 437 individuals with ASD and 511 healthy controls using T1-weighted MRI scans from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) database. Results reveal significant asymmetries in the hippocampus and the ventricles, but not in the amygdala, in individuals with ASD. We observe a significant increase in shape asymmetry in the hippocampus, as well as increased volumetric asymmetry in the lateral ventricles in individuals with ASD. Asymmetries in these regions have not previously been reported, likely due to the different characterization of neuroanatomical asymmetry and smaller sample sizes used in previous studies. Given that these results were demonstrated in a large cohort, such asymmetries may be worthy of consideration in the development of neurodiagnostic classification tools for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Richards
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Dorit Kliemann
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Inga K Koerte
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Image Analysis, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Wachinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Cory-Slechta DA, Sobolewski M, Marvin E, Conrad K, Merrill A, Anderson T, Jackson BP, Oberdorster G. The Impact of Inhaled Ambient Ultrafine Particulate Matter on Developing Brain: Potential Importance of Elemental Contaminants. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 47:976-992. [PMID: 31610749 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319878400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies report associations between air pollution (AP) exposures and several neurodevelopmental disorders including autism, attention deficit disorder, and cognitive delays. Our studies in mice of postnatal (human third trimester brain equivalent) exposures to concentrated ambient ultrafine particles (CAPs) provide biological plausibility for these associations, producing numerous neuropathological and behavioral features of these disorders, including male-biased vulnerability. These findings raise questions about the specific components of AP that underlie its neurotoxicity, which our studies suggest could involve trace elements as candidate neurotoxicants. X-ray fluorescence analyses of CAP chamber filters confirm contamination of AP exposures by multiple elements, including iron (Fe) and sulfur (S). Correspondingly, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of brains of male mice indicates marked postexposure elevations of Fe and S and other elements. Elevations of brain Fe and S in particular are consistent with potential ferroptotic, oxidative stress, and altered antioxidant capacity-based mechanisms of CAPs-induced neurotoxicity, supported by observations of increased serum oxidized glutathione and increased neuronal cell death in nucleus accumbens with no corresponding significant increase in caspase-3, in male brains following postnatal CAP exposures. Understanding the role of trace element contaminants of particulate matter AP as a source of neurotoxicity is critical for public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Elena Marvin
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Conrad
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Alyssa Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Tim Anderson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Gunter Oberdorster
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
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[Abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21. [PMID: 31416497 PMCID: PMC7389909 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and type of abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS A total of 74 252 preschool and school-aged children aged 3-12 years in Shanghai were enrolled as subjects. A questionnaire survey was performed to collect basic information, and their parents and teachers completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) based on the children's conditions. ASD was diagnosed by specialist physicians according to the DSM-5 criteria. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed according to their parents' desires. RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of ASD was 2.59‰ (192/74 252) in the preschool and school-aged children. Brain MRI data were collected from 73 children with ASD and 185 healthy children. Among the 73 children with ASD, 40 (55%) had abnormal brain structure, and the most common types were unilateral or bilateral ventriculomegaly in 32 children (80%) and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci in 12 children (30%). Children with ASD showed lower white matter signal in bilateral ventricular and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci, compared to their normal peers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence rate of abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with ASD, with major types of unilateral or bilateral ventriculomegaly and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci. It is speculated that abnormal brain structure might be associated with the pathogenesis of ASD, and further studies are needed to clarify the association between abnormal brain structure and symptoms in children with ASD.
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Zhang AY, Jin XM, Ma J. [Abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:749-753. [PMID: 31416497 PMCID: PMC7389909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 08/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and type of abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS A total of 74 252 preschool and school-aged children aged 3-12 years in Shanghai were enrolled as subjects. A questionnaire survey was performed to collect basic information, and their parents and teachers completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) based on the children's conditions. ASD was diagnosed by specialist physicians according to the DSM-5 criteria. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed according to their parents' desires. RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of ASD was 2.59‰ (192/74 252) in the preschool and school-aged children. Brain MRI data were collected from 73 children with ASD and 185 healthy children. Among the 73 children with ASD, 40 (55%) had abnormal brain structure, and the most common types were unilateral or bilateral ventriculomegaly in 32 children (80%) and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci in 12 children (30%). Children with ASD showed lower white matter signal in bilateral ventricular and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci, compared to their normal peers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence rate of abnormal brain structure in preschool and school-aged children with ASD, with major types of unilateral or bilateral ventriculomegaly and unilateral or bilateral deep frontotemporal sulci. It is speculated that abnormal brain structure might be associated with the pathogenesis of ASD, and further studies are needed to clarify the association between abnormal brain structure and symptoms in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Braden BB, Riecken C. Thinning Faster? Age-Related Cortical Thickness Differences in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2019; 64:31-38. [PMID: 32565887 PMCID: PMC7304569 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the course of the last 30 years, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses have increased, thus identifying a large group of aging individuals with ASD. Currently, little is known regarding how aging will affect these individual's neuroanatomy, compared to the neurotypical (NT) population. Because of the anatomical overlap of ASD-related cortical pathology and age-related cortical thinning, both following an anterior-to-posterior severity gradient, we hypothesize adults with ASD will show larger age-related cortical thinning than NT adults. METHODS We analyzed cortical measurements using available data from the multi-site Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I (ABIDE I; n=282) and our own cohort of middle-age to older adults with and without ASD (n=47) mostly available in ABIDE II (n=35). We compared correlations between cortical measures and age in right-handed adults with ASD (n=157) and similar NT adults (n = 172), controlling for IQ and site. Participants were 18 to 64 years of age (mean=29.8 years; median=26 years). RESULTS We found significant differences between diagnosis groups in the relationship between age and cortical thickness for areas of left frontal lobe (pars opercularis), temporal lobe (inferior gyrus, middle gyrus, banks of the superior temporal sulcus, and entorhinal cortex), parietal lobe (inferior gyrus), and lateral occipital lobe. For all areas, adults with ASD showed a greater negative correlation between age and cortical thickness than NT adults. CONCLUSION As hypothesized, adults with ASD demonstrated exacerbated age-related cortical thinning, compared to NT adults. These differences were the largest and most extensive in the left temporal lobe. Future longitudinal work is warranted to investigate whether differences in brain age trajectories will translate to unique behavioral needs in older adults with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Blair Braden
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Arizona State University, 976 S Forest Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Cory Riecken
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Arizona State University, 976 S Forest Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281
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Wade BSC, Valcour VG, Puthanakit T, Saremi A, Gutman BA, Nir TM, Watson C, Aurpibul L, Kosalaraksa P, Ounchanum P, Kerr S, Dumrongpisutikul N, Visrutaratna P, Srinakarin J, Pothisri M, Narr KL, Thompson PM, Ananworanich J, Paul RH, Jahanshad N. Mapping abnormal subcortical neurodevelopment in a cohort of Thai children with HIV. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101810. [PMID: 31029050 PMCID: PMC6482384 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in subcortical brain structures have been reported in adults with HIV and, to a lesser extent, pediatric cohorts. The extent of longitudinal structural abnormalities in children with perinatal HIV infection (PaHIV) remains unclear. We modeled subcortical morphometry from whole brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) scans of 43 Thai children with PaHIV (baseline age = 11.09±2.36 years) and 50 HIV- children (11.26±2.80 years) using volumetric and surface-based shape analyses. The PaHIV sample were randomized to initiate combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) when CD4 counts were 15-24% (immediate: n = 22) or when CD4 < 15% (deferred: n = 21). Follow-up scans were acquired approximately 52 weeks after baseline. Volumetric and shape descriptors capturing local thickness and surface area dilation were defined for the bilateral accumbens, amygdala, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, caudate, and hippocampus. Regression models adjusting for clinical and demographic variables examined between and within group differences in morphometry associated with HIV. We assessed whether baseline CD4 count and cART status or timing associated with brain maturation within the PaHIV group. All models were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate. A pallidal subregion was significantly thinner in children with PaHIV. Regional thickness, surface area, and volume of the pallidum was associated with CD4 count in children with PaHIV. Longitudinal morphometry was not associated with HIV or cART status or timing, however, the trajectory of the left pallidum volume was positively associated with baseline CD4 count. Our findings corroborate reports in adult cohorts demonstrating a high predilection for HIV-mediated abnormalities in the basal ganglia, but suggest the effect of stable PaHIV infection on morphological aspects of brain development may be subtle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S C Wade
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA; Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Victor G Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Arvin Saremi
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Boris A Gutman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Talia M Nir
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Christa Watson
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Pope Kosalaraksa
- Department of Pediatrics, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Stephen Kerr
- HIV-NAT, the Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Jiraporn Srinakarin
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Monthana Pothisri
- Department of Radiology, Chulalongkorn University Medical Center, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- HIV-NAT, the Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, MD, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, MD, USA
| | - Robert H Paul
- Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
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Pote I, Wang S, Sethna V, Blasi A, Daly E, Kuklisova‐Murgasova M, Lloyd‐Fox S, Mercure E, Busuulwa P, Stoencheva V, Charman T, Williams SCR, Johnson MH, Murphy DGM, McAlonan GM. Familial risk of autism alters subcortical and cerebellar brain anatomy in infants and predicts the emergence of repetitive behaviors in early childhood. Autism Res 2019; 12:614-627. [PMID: 30801993 PMCID: PMC6519039 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition, and infant siblings of children with ASD are at a higher risk of developing autistic traits or an ASD diagnosis, when compared to those with typically developing siblings. Reports of differences in brain anatomy and function in high-risk infants which predict later autistic behaviors are emerging, but although cerebellar and subcortical brain regions have been frequently implicated in ASD, no high-risk study has examined these regions. Therefore, in this study, we compared regional MRI volumes across the whole brain in 4-6-month-old infants with (high-risk, n = 24) and without (low-risk, n = 26) a sibling with ASD. Within the high-risk group, we also examined whether any regional differences observed were associated with autistic behaviors at 36 months. We found that high-risk infants had significantly larger cerebellar and subcortical volumes at 4-6-months of age, relative to low-risk infants; and that larger volumes in high-risk infants were linked to more repetitive behaviors at 36 months. Our preliminary observations require replication in longitudinal studies of larger samples. If correct, they suggest that the early subcortex and cerebellum volumes may be predictive biomarkers for childhood repetitive behaviors. Autism Res 2019, 12: 614-627. © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with a family history of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk of ASD and related developmental difficulties. This study revealed that 4-6-month-old infants at high-risk of ASD have larger cerebellum and subcortical volumes than low-risk infants, and that larger volumes in high-risk infants are associated with more repetitive behaviors in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pote
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Siying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Vaheshta Sethna
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anna Blasi
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK
| | - Eileen Daly
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Maria Kuklisova‐Murgasova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sarah Lloyd‐Fox
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK
| | - Evelyne Mercure
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paula Busuulwa
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- GKT School of Medical EducationKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Vladimira Stoencheva
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Steven C. R. Williams
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Mark H. Johnson
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK
| | - Declan G. M. Murphy
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Grainne M. McAlonan
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College LondonLondonUK
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Kilroy E, Aziz-Zadeh L, Cermak S. Ayres Theories of Autism and Sensory Integration Revisited: What Contemporary Neuroscience Has to Say. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9030068. [PMID: 30901886 PMCID: PMC6468444 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9030068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal sensory-based behaviors are a defining feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Dr. A. Jean Ayres was the first occupational therapist to conceptualize Sensory Integration (SI) theories and therapies to address these deficits. Her work was based on neurological knowledge of the 1970’s. Since then, advancements in neuroimaging techniques make it possible to better understand the brain areas that may underlie sensory processing deficits in ASD. In this article, we explore the postulates proposed by Ayres (i.e., registration, modulation, motivation) through current neuroimaging literature. To this end, we review the neural underpinnings of sensory processing and integration in ASD by examining the literature on neurophysiological responses to sensory stimuli in individuals with ASD as well as structural and network organization using a variety of neuroimaging techniques. Many aspects of Ayres’ hypotheses about the nature of the disorder were found to be highly consistent with current literature on sensory processing in children with ASD but there are some discrepancies across various methodological techniques and ASD development. With additional characterization, neurophysiological profiles of sensory processing in ASD may serve as valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of therapeutic interventions, such as SI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kilroy
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Sharon Cermak
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Moffat JJ, Jung EM, Ka M, Smith AL, Jeon BT, Santen GWE, Kim WY. The role of ARID1B, a BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit, in neural development and behavior. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:30-38. [PMID: 30149092 PMCID: PMC6249083 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the chromatin remodeling factor ARID1B leads to autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Several independent research groups, including our own, recently examined the effects of heterozygous deletion of Arid1b in mice and reported severe behavioral abnormalities reminiscent of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability as well as marked changes in gene expression and decreased body size. Arid1b heterozygous mice also display significant cortical excitatory/inhibitory imbalance due to altered GABAergic neuron numbers and impaired inhibitory synaptic transmission. Abnormal epigenetic modifications, including histone acetylation and methylation, are additionally associated with Arid1b haploinsufficiency in the brain. Treating adult Arid1b mutant mice with a positive GABA allosteric modulator, however, rescues multiple behavioral abnormalities, such as cognitive and social impairments, as well as elevated anxiety. While treating Arid1b haploinsufficient mice with recombinant mouse growth hormone successfully increases body size, it has no effect on aberrant behavior. Here we summarize the recent findings regarding the role of ARID1B in brain development and behavior and discuss the utility of the Arid1b heterozygous mouse model in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric research. We also discuss some of the opportunities and potential challenges in developing translational applications for humans and possible avenues for further research into the mechanisms of ARID1B pathology in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Minhan Ka
- Research Center for Substance Abuse Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
| | | | - Byeong Tak Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Gijs W. E. Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
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Lee S, Kang S, Ang MJ, Kim J, Kim JC, Kim SH, Jeon TI, Jung C, Im SS, Moon C. Deficiency of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c induces schizophrenia-like behavior in mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 18:e12540. [PMID: 30430717 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a hereditary disease that approximately 1% of the worldwide population develops. Many studies have investigated possible underlying genes related to schizophrenia. Recently, clinical studies suggested sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) as a susceptibility gene in patients with schizophrenia. SREBP controls cellular lipid homeostasis by three isoforms: SREBP-1a, SREBP-1c and SREBP-2. This study used SREBP-1c knockout (KO) mice to examine whether a deficiency in SREBP-1c would affect their emotional and psychiatric behaviors. Altered mRNA expression in genes downstream from SREBP-1c was confirmed in the brains of SREBP-1c KO mice. Schizophrenia-like behavior, including hyperactivity during the dark phase, depressive-like behavior, aggressive behavior and deficits in social interaction and prepulse inhibition, was observed in SREBP-1c KO mice. Furthermore, increased volume of the lateral ventricle was detected in SREBP-1c KO mice. The mRNA levels of several γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-receptor subtypes and/or glutamic acid decarboxylase 65/67 decreased in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex of SREBP-1c KO mice. Thus, SREBP-1c deficiency may contribute to enlargement of the lateral ventricle and development of schizophrenia-like behaviors and be associated with altered GABAergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sohi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mary Jasmin Ang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Juhwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jong Choon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chaeyong Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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A systematic review of structural MRI biomarkers in autism spectrum disorder: A machine learning perspective. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:68-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Levman J, Vasung L, MacDonald P, Rowley S, Stewart N, Lim A, Ewenson B, Galaburda A, Takahashi E. Regional volumetric abnormalities in pediatric autism revealed by structural magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:34-45. [PMID: 30110650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction, restricted and repetitive behavior. We performed a large-scale retrospective analysis of 1,996 structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of the brain from 1,769 autistic and neurologically typically developing patients (aged 0-32 years), and extracted regional volumetric measurements distributed across 463 brain regions of each patient. The youngest autistic patients (<2.5 years) were diagnosed after imaging and identified retrospectively. Our study demonstrates corpus callosum volumetric abnormalities among autistic patients that are associated with brain overgrowth in early childhood (0-5 years old), followed by a shift towards known decreased volumes in later ages. Results confirm known increases in ventricular volumes among autistic populations and extends those findings to increased volumes of the choroid plexus. Our study also demonstrates distributed volumetric abnormalities among autistic patients that affect a variety of key regional white and grey matter areas of the brain potentially associated with known symptoms of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Levman
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA; Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Lana Vasung
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Patrick MacDonald
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sean Rowley
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Natalie Stewart
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ashley Lim
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bryan Ewenson
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Albert Galaburda
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave FD-225, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Emi Takahashi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr., Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
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Fluegge K. Structural brain alterations in autism and environmental exposure to nitrous oxide. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 83:247-248. [PMID: 29661644 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Fluegge
- Institute of Health and Environmental Research, Cleveland, OH 44118, USA.
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The neural circuitry of restricted repetitive behavior: Magnetic resonance imaging in neurodevelopmental disorders and animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:152-171. [PMID: 29802854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are patterns of behavior that exhibit little variation in form and have no obvious function. RRBs although transdiagonstic are a particularly prominent feature of certain neurodevelopmental disorders, yet relatively little is known about the neural circuitry of RRBs. Past work in this area has focused on isolated brain regions and neurotransmitter systems, but implementing a neural circuit approach has the potential to greatly improve understanding of RRBs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is well-suited to studying the structural and functional connectivity of the nervous system, and is a highly translational research tool. In this review, we synthesize MRI research from both neurodevelopmental disorders and relevant animal models that informs the neural circuitry of RRB. Together, these studies implicate distributed neural circuits between the cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Despite progress in neuroimaging of RRB, there are many opportunities for conceptual and methodological improvement. We conclude by suggesting future directions for MRI research in RRB, and how such studies can benefit from complementary approaches in neuroscience.
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Bi XA, Zhao J, Xu Q, Sun Q, Wang Z. Abnormal Functional Connectivity of Resting State Network Detection Based on Linear ICA Analysis in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Physiol 2018; 9:475. [PMID: 29867534 PMCID: PMC5952255 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) researches in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients have shown that ASD patients have significant impairment in brain response. However, few researchers have studied the functional structure changes of the eight resting state networks (RSNs) in ASD patients. Therefore, research on statistical differences of RSNs between 42 healthy controls (HC) and 50 ASD patients has been studied using linear independent component analysis (ICA) in this paper. Our researches showed that there was abnormal functional connectivity (FC) of RSNs in ASD patients. The RSNs with the decreased FC and increased FC in ASD patients included default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), core network (CN), visual network (VN), self-referential network (SRN) compared to HC. The RSNs with the increased FC in ASD patients included auditory network (AN), somato-motor network (SMN). The dorsal attention network (DAN) in ASD patients showed the decreased FC. Our findings indicate that the abnormal FC in RSNs extensively exists in ASD patients. Our results have important contribution for the study of neuro-pathophysiological mechanisms in ASD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-An Bi
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Junxia Zhao
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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van Rooij D, Anagnostou E, Arango C, Auzias G, Behrmann M, Busatto GF, Calderoni S, Daly E, Deruelle C, Di Martino A, Dinstein I, Duran FLS, Durston S, Ecker C, Fair D, Fedor J, Fitzgerald J, Freitag CM, Gallagher L, Gori I, Haar S, Hoekstra L, Jahanshad N, Jalbrzikowski M, Janssen J, Lerch J, Luna B, Martinho MM, McGrath J, Muratori F, Murphy CM, Murphy DG, O’Hearn K, Oranje B, Parellada M, Retico A, Rosa P, Rubia K, Shook D, Taylor M, Thompson PM, Tosetti M, Wallace GL, Zhou F, Buitelaar JK. Cortical and Subcortical Brain Morphometry Differences Between Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Individuals Across the Lifespan: Results From the ENIGMA ASD Working Group. Am J Psychiatry 2018; 175:359-369. [PMID: 29145754 PMCID: PMC6546164 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuroimaging studies show structural differences in both cortical and subcortical brain regions in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with healthy subjects. Findings are inconsistent, however, and it is unclear how differences develop across the lifespan. The authors investigated brain morphometry differences between individuals with ASD and healthy subjects, cross-sectionally across the lifespan, in a large multinational sample from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics Through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) ASD working group. METHOD The sample comprised 1,571 patients with ASD and 1,651 healthy control subjects (age range, 2-64 years) from 49 participating sites. MRI scans were preprocessed at individual sites with a harmonized protocol based on a validated automated-segmentation software program. Mega-analyses were used to test for case-control differences in subcortical volumes, cortical thickness, and surface area. Development of brain morphometry over the lifespan was modeled using a fractional polynomial approach. RESULTS The case-control mega-analysis demonstrated that ASD was associated with smaller subcortical volumes of the pallidum, putamen, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens (effect sizes [Cohen's d], 0.13 to -0.13), as well as increased cortical thickness in the frontal cortex and decreased thickness in the temporal cortex (effect sizes, -0.21 to 0.20). Analyses of age effects indicate that the development of cortical thickness is altered in ASD, with the largest differences occurring around adolescence. No age-by-ASD interactions were observed in the subcortical partitions. CONCLUSIONS The ENIGMA ASD working group provides the largest study of brain morphometry differences in ASD to date, using a well-established, validated, publicly available analysis pipeline. ASD patients showed altered morphometry in the cognitive and affective parts of the striatum, frontal cortex, and temporal cortex. Complex developmental trajectories were observed for the different regions, with a developmental peak around adolescence. These findings suggest an interplay in the abnormal development of the striatal, frontal, and temporal regions in ASD across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan van Rooij
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Celso Arango
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Marlene Behrmann
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Geraldo F. Busatto
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Sara Calderoni
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Eileen Daly
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Christine Deruelle
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Adriana Di Martino
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Ilan Dinstein
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Fabio Luis Souza Duran
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Sarah Durston
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Christine Ecker
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Damien Fair
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Jennifer Fedor
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Jackie Fitzgerald
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Christine M. Freitag
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Louise Gallagher
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Ilaria Gori
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Shlomi Haar
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Liesbeth Hoekstra
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Joost Janssen
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Jason Lerch
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Beatriz Luna
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Mauricio Moller Martinho
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Jane McGrath
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Filippo Muratori
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Clodagh M. Murphy
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Declan G.M. Murphy
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Kirsten O’Hearn
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Bob Oranje
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Mara Parellada
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Alessandra Retico
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Pedro Rosa
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Katya Rubia
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Devon Shook
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Margot Taylor
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Michela Tosetti
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Gregory L. Wallace
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Fengfeng Zhou
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- From the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; the Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen; the Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid
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Shibutani M, Horii T, Shoji H, Morita S, Kimura M, Terawaki N, Miyakawa T, Hatada I. Arid1b Haploinsufficiency Causes Abnormal Brain Gene Expression and Autism-Related Behaviors in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1872. [PMID: 28867767 PMCID: PMC5618521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with core symptoms that include poor social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Several ASD mouse models exhibit impaired social interaction, anxiety-like behavior, and elevated perseveration. Large-scale whole exome sequencing studies identified many genes putatively associated with ASD. Like chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8 (CHD8), the most frequently mutated gene in individuals with ASD, the candidate gene AT-rich interaction domain 1B (ARID1B) encodes a chromatin remodeling factor. Arid1b heterozygous knockout (hKO) mice exhibited ASD-like traits related to social behavior, anxiety, and perseveration, in addition to associated features reported in some cases of ASD, such as reduced weight, impaired motor coordination, and hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was present in 5 of 91 hKO mice, while it was not observed in wild-type littermates (0 of 188). Genome-wide gene expression patterns in Arid1b hKO mice were similar to those in ASD patients and Chd8-haploinsufficient mice, an ASD model, and to developmental changes in gene expression in fast-spiking cells in the mouse brain. Our results suggest that Arid1b haploinsufficiency causes ASD-like phenotypes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihiro Shibutani
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
| | - Takuro Horii
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Sumiyo Morita
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
| | - Mika Kimura
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
| | - Naomi Terawaki
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Izuho Hatada
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan.
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