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Yao X, Wang Z, Li D, Sun H, Ren C, Yu Y, Pei F, Li Y. Distribution, mobilization, risk assessment and source identification of heavy metals and nutrients in surface sediments of three urban-rural rivers after long-term water pollution treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172894. [PMID: 38697538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Sediments are critical pollution carriers in urban-rural rivers, which can threaten the water quality of the river and downstream lakes for a long time. However, it is still not clear whether conventional water pollution treatments could abate sediment pollution or not. In this study, heavy metals (HMs) and nutrient salts in the surface sediments and overlying water were investigated after decades' water pollution treatment in three urban-rural rivers. HM speciation was determined by the sequential extraction; diffusion fluxes were estimated using Fick's first law; HM ecological risk and nutrient pollution were evaluated; and pollution sources were identified by statistical analysis and GIS. The results showed that the HMs and nutrients were extremely serious in the urban regions. The accumulation level of Pb, Cu and Cd in the sediments of the three rivers were all much higher than the soil background value, and the labile fractions accounted for high proportions (57 % for Pb, 55 % for Cu and 43 % for Cd), which could be easily eluate from the sediments and caused hazards to the aquatic environment. The sediment diffusion fluxes of HMs and ammonia nitrogen were mostly positive, which indicated these sites currently released these pollutants from sediment to overlying water. Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr may mainly originate from industrial discharge and domestic sewage, while Cr was also greatly affected by crustal weathering; nutrient pollution may originate from agricultural activities and domestic sewage. Our study demonstrated that after decades' conventional water treatment in these rivers, the sediment pollution was still in a serious level with high ecological risk, and Cd was the dominant pollutant. At present, the external point source pollution has been effectively controlled, thus, the in-depth understanding of the sediment pollution characteristics after long-term water treatment could provide a scientific basis for the accurate elimination of river pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yao
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China; Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China; Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China; Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hejia Sun
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chong Ren
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yilei Yu
- Institute of Xiong'an Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiong'an, Hebei Province, China
| | - Feifei Pei
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yuling Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China.
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Xiao W, Zhang Y, Chen X, Sha A, Xiong Z, Luo Y, Peng L, Zou L, Zhao C, Li Q. The Easily Overlooked Effect of Global Warming: Diffusion of Heavy Metals. TOXICS 2024; 12:400. [PMID: 38922080 PMCID: PMC11209588 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12060400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Since industrialization, global temperatures have continued to rise. Human activities have resulted in heavy metals being freed from their original, fixed locations. Because of global warming, glaciers are melting, carbon dioxide concentrations are increasing, weather patterns are shifting, and various environmental forces are at play, resulting in the movement of heavy metals and alteration of their forms. In this general context, the impact of heavy metals on ecosystems and organisms has changed accordingly. For most ecosystems, the levels of heavy metals are on the rise, and this rise can have a negative impact on the ecosystem as a whole. Numerous studies have been conducted to analyze the combined impacts of climate change and heavy metals. However, the summary of the current studies is not perfect. Therefore, this review discusses how heavy metals affect ecosystems during the process of climate change from multiple perspectives, providing some references for addressing the impact of climate warming on environmental heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaodie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ajia Sha
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhuang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yingyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Changsong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (A.S.); (Z.X.); (Y.L.); (L.P.); (L.Z.)
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Santhosh K, Kamala K, Ramasamy P, Musthafa MS, Almujri SS, Asdaq SMB, Sivaperumal P. Unveiling the silent threat: Heavy metal toxicity devastating impact on aquatic organisms and DNA damage. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116139. [PMID: 38367585 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has significant impacts on aquatic fauna and flora. It accumulates in marine organisms, both plants and animals, which are then consumed by humans. This can lead to various health problems, such as organ damage and the development of cancer. Additionally, this pollution causes biological magnification, where the toxicity concentration gradually increases as aquatic organisms continuously accumulate metals. This process results in apoptotic mechanisms, antioxidant defence, and inflammation, which are reflected at the gene expression level. However, there is limited research on specific heavy metals and their effects on fish organs. The concentration of metal contamination and accumulation in different tropical environments is a concern due to their toxicity to living organisms. Therefore, this review focuses on determining the influences of metals on fish and their effects on specific organs, including DNA alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Santhosh
- Marine Biomedical Research Lab & Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannan Kamala
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India; Centre for Marine Research and Conservation, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Pasiyappazham Ramasamy
- Marine Biomedical Research Lab & Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Marine Research and Conservation, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 014, India
| | - Salem Salman Almujri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Pitchiah Sivaperumal
- Marine Biomedical Research Lab & Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Marine Research and Conservation, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India.
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Anyanwu IN, Beggel S, Sikoki FD, Okuku EO, Unyimadu JP, Geist J. Pollution of the Niger Delta with total petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and nutrients in relation to seasonal dynamics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14079. [PMID: 37640786 PMCID: PMC10462702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The African Niger Delta is among the world's most important wetlands in which the ecological effects of intensive oil exploitation and global change are not well documented. We characterized the seasonal dynamics and pollution with total-petroleum-hydrocarbons (TPHs), heavy-metals (HMs) and nutrient-loads in relation to climate-driven variables. High TPH concentrations up to 889 mg/L and HMs up to 13.119 mg/L were found in water samples, with pronounced spatio-temporal variation throughout the year. HM pollution index and contamination factor indicate serious ecological and human health hazards, especially for Cd, Cu, Hg, and Ni. Significant differences in TPHs/HMs were observed between sites and seasons, with correlations between TPHs-HMs, and climate-variables and TPHs-HMs. Nutrient levels, turbidity, salinity, temperature, and SO42- were high and interlinked with the variability of TPHs/HMs being greatest during wet season. These findings suggest an urgent need for improved pollution control in the Niger Delta taking into account the observed spatio-temporal variation and the exacerbation of effects in light of climate change. Given the high levels of contamination, further assessments of exposure effects and bioaccumulation in biota should include future climate change scenarios and effects on humans who intensively depend on the system for drinking water, food supply and livelihood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihuoma N Anyanwu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
| | - Sebastian Beggel
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Muehlenweg 22, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Francis D Sikoki
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B.1023, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Eric O Okuku
- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 81651, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - John-Paul Unyimadu
- Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Victoria Island, P.O. Box 74304, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Muehlenweg 22, 85354, Freising, Germany
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5
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Fiedler M. Long-Term Changes in the Pollution of Warta River Bottom Sediments with Heavy Metals, Poland-Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105869. [PMID: 37239595 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Variability in the heavy metal concentrations in aquatic environments may be influenced by a number of factors that may occur naturally or due to anthropopressure. This article presents the risk of contaminating Warta River bottom sediments with heavy metals such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Samples collected from 35 sites located along the river course were analysed over the period of 2010-2021. The calculated pollution indices are characterised by significant spatial variability that was additionally subject to changes in subsequent years. The analysis may have also been influenced by individual measurement results that, in extreme cases, may strongly deviate from the concentration values determined in the same site during the remaining years. The highest median concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and Pb were in samples collected from sites that are surrounded by areas of anthropogenic land use. Samples from adjacent sites to agricultural areas showed the highest median concentrations of Co, Mn, and Ni, and Zn for those adjacent to forest areas. The research results indicate that, when analysing the degree of the risk of contaminating river bottom sediments with heavy metals, it is necessary to take into account long-term variability in metal concentrations. Taking into consideration data from only one year may lead to inappropriate conclusions and hinder planning protective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Fiedler
- Department of Soil Science, Land Reclamation and Geodesy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
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6
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Liu Y, Zhou Z, Gong W, Xu Y, Ding Q, Cui L. Distribution, risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments, and their potential risk on water supply safety of a drinking water reservoir, middle China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-26917-2. [PMID: 37195608 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in reservoir sediments were analyzed to assess the pollution level and to understand the potential risk on water supply safety. Heavy metals in sediments will enter the biological chain through bio-enrichment and bio-amplification in water and eventually pose a threat to the safety of drinking water supply. Analysis of eight sampling sites in JG (Jian gang) drinking water reservoir of the sediments showed that from Feb 2018 to Aug 2019 heavy metals including Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cr increased by 1.09-17.2%. Vertical distributions of heavy metals indicated that the concentrations increased gradually by 9.6-35.8%. Risk assessment code analysis indicated that Pb, Zn, and Mo were of high risk in the main reservoir area. What is more, enrichment factors of Ni and Mo were 2.76-3.81 and 5.86-9.41, respectively, showing the characteristics of exogenous input. The continuous monitoring results of the bottom water showed that the concentration of heavy metals in the bottom water exceeded the environmental quality standard value of surface water in China, and exceeded the standard by 1.76 times (Pb), 1.43 times (Zn), and 2.04 times (Mo), respectively. Heavy metals in the sediments of JG Reservoir, especially in the main reservoir area, have a potential risk of release from the sediment to the overlying water. Water supply reservoir as a source of drinking water, its quality is directly related to human health and production activities. Therefore, this first study on JG Reservoir is of great significance for the protection of drinking water safety and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Zizhen Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China.
| | - Weijin Gong
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Qian Ding
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Lu Cui
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
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Li Q, Dai J, Zhang H, Wan Z, Xu J. Potentially toxic elements in lake sediments in China: Spatial distribution, ecological risks, and influencing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161596. [PMID: 36646219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in lake sediments is a serious threat to the ecological safety of lake water and human health, owing to anthropogenic activities. Studies on the distribution of pollution, the differences in lake types, and the influencing factors in China as a whole are lacking. This study collected data on PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in Chinese lake sediments published from 2005 to 2021, and aimed to evaluate pollution levels and spatial distribution characteristics of PTEs in lake sediments, differences in pollution in different types of lakes, and influencing factors. The results showed that (1) All metals in the lake sediments accumulated to different degrees, when compared to the background values. (2) The lake type pollution levels were ranked: urban lakes > reservoirs > plateau lakes > natural lakes. (3) The geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk indexes both indicated that Cd and Hg are the main pollutants, and that the overall ecological risk level of lake sediments in China is high. (4) The degree of economic and population growth is highly correlated with the concentrations of eight PTEs; the amount of fertilizer and pesticide used in agricultural activities are the main factors affecting As and Hg; industrial activities and traffic pollution emissions are the predominant factors affecting Cu and Ni. (5) In the interaction detection analysis, the Cr content was mainly influenced by natural factors; Cd, Pb, and Zn contents were affected more by human activities. This study provides a reference for understanding the current status and influencing factors of PTE pollution in Chinese lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Junfeng Dai
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zupeng Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jingxuan Xu
- Guilin Water and Resources Bureau, Guilin 541199, China
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Ma Y, Li Y, Fang T, He Y, Wang J, Liu X, Wang Z, Guo G. Analysis of driving factors of spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil of non-ferrous metal smelting sites: Screening the geodetector calculation results combined with correlation analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130614. [PMID: 37056003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) discharged from smelting production may pose a major threat to human health and soil ecosystems. In this study, the spatial distribution characteristics of HMs in the soil of a non-ferrous metal smelting site were assessed. This study employed the geodetector (GD) by optimizing the classification condition and supplementing the correlation analysis (CA). The contribution of driving factors, such as production workshop distributions, hydrogeological conditions, and soil physicochemical properties, to the distribution of HMs in soil in the horizontal and vertical dimensions was assessed. The results showed that the main factors underlying the spatial distribution of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, and Zn in the horizontal direction were the distance from the sintering workshop (the maximum q value of that factor, q=0.28), raw material yard (q=0.14), and electrolyzer (q=0.29), while those in the vertical direction were the soil moisture content (q=0.17), formation lithology (q=0.12), and soil pH (q=0.06). The findings revealed that the CA is a simple and effective method to supplement the GD analysis underlying the spatial distribution characteristics of HMs at site scale. This study provides useful suggestions for environmental management to prevent HMs pollution and control HMs in the soil of non-ferrous metal smelting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tingting Fang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yinhai He
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanlin Guo
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China.
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9
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Yang X, Dai Z, Yuan R, Guo Z, Xi H, He Z, Wei M. Effects of Salinity on Assembly Characteristics and Function of Microbial Communities in the Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere of Salt-Tolerant Avicennia marina Mangrove Species. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0300022. [PMID: 36744884 PMCID: PMC10101020 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03000-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is of great significance to explore the structure and salinity response of microbial communities in salt-tolerant plants to understand the mechanisms of plant-microbe interactions. Herein, we investigated the phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities of Avicennia marina, a pioneer salt-tolerant plant, at three sites with different salinities in the coastal intertidal zone. The results showed that salinity had different effects on phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities and had a greater impact on bacterial communities and bacterial network interactions. The rhizosphere bacterial community alpha diversity significantly increased with increasing salinity. Moreover, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased significantly, while that of Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota, with stronger salt tolerance and nutrient utilization capacity, increased significantly. Functional prediction indicated that the microbial communities could produce catalase, peroxidase, 3-phytase, and tryptophan synthase, which may exert potential antistress and growth-promoting functions. Among them, catalase, 3-phytase, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase increased significantly in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities and the phyllosphere fungal community with increasing salinity. Importantly, the dominant taxa Kushneria and Bacillus, which are salt tolerant and growth promoting, were isolated from the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, respectively, and verified to have the ability to alleviate salt stress and promote the growth of rice. IMPORTANCE Avicennia marina is a pioneer salt-tolerant plant in coastal intertidal mangroves, an efficient blue carbon ecosystem. It is of great importance to explore how salinity affects the phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities of A. marina. This study showed that the microbial communities in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of A. marina had different constitutive properties, adaptive network interactions, and potential stress-promoting functions. Furthermore, the dominant bacteria Kushneria and Bacillus were obtained from the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, respectively, and their coculture with rice could effectively alleviate salt stress and promote rice growth. Additionally, the effects of salinity changes on microbial community structure, associations, and functional potential in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of A. marina were observed. This study has enriched our understanding of the microbial community structure, function, and ecological stability of mangrove species in coastal intertidal zones and has practical significance for improving crop yield by using salt-tolerant plant microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxia Yang
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhian Dai
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongwei Yuan
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Guo
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanxiao Xi
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mi Wei
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Sojka M, Ptak M, Jaskuła J, Krasniqi V. Ecological and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals Contained in Sediments of Polish Dam Reservoirs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:324. [PMID: 36612645 PMCID: PMC9819632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the distribution of heavy metals (HMs: Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, and Cu) in the bottom sediments of 28 reservoirs covered area of Poland. The paper evaluates the pollution of sediments with HMs and their potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms and human health on the basis of results provided by the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Poland. The average concentrations of HMs in the bottom sediments of the reservoirs were as follows: Cd < Ni < Cr < Cu < Pb < Zn. (0.187, 7.30, 7.74, 10.62, 12.47, and 52.67 mg∙dm−3). The pollution load index values were from 0.05 to 2.45. They indicate contamination of the bottom sediments in seven reservoirs. The contamination-factor values suggest pollution with individual HMs in 19 reservoirs, primarily Cr, Ni, Cu, and Pb. The analysis showed that only two reservoirs had the potential for toxic effects on aquatic organisms due to high concentrations of Cd and Pb. The hazard index values for all the analyzed HMs were less than one. Therefore, there was no non-carcinogenic risk for dredging workers. The reservoirs were divided into two groups in terms of composition and concentration values. Reservoirs with higher concentrations of HMs in bottom sediments are dispersed, suggesting local pollution sources. For the second group of reservoirs, HMs’ concentrations may be determined by regional pollution sources. The analysis showed that Pb, Zn, and Cd concentrations are higher in older reservoirs and those with higher proportions of artificial areas in their catchments. Concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Cr are higher in reservoirs in south Poland and those with higher Schindler’s ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Sojka
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94E, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariusz Ptak
- Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Adam Mickiewicz University, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaskuła
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94E, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
| | - Vlerë Krasniqi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Agim Ramadani St., 10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
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11
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Dugan I, Pereira P, Barcelo D, Telak LJ, Filipovic V, Filipovic L, Kisic I, Bogunovic I. Agriculture management and seasonal impact on soil properties, water, sediment and chemicals transport in a hazelnut orchard (Croatia). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156346. [PMID: 35640745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil and water conservation practices are key to agroecosystems sustainability and avoiding diffuse pollution. Here, we compare the impacts of different types of mulch, barley straw (Straw), wooden chips (Chip) and tillage (Till) on vegetation mulch cover (VMC); soil properties, bulk density (BD), mean weight diameter (MWD), water stable aggregates (WSA), soil water content (SWC), soil organic matter (SOM), pH and total phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb). We also assessed the ponding time (PT), runoff time (RT), runoff, sediment concentration (SC), sediment loss (SL) and chemicals transport (the same studied in soil). A set of rainfall simulation experiments (90 in total) was applied in the different Spring, Summer, and Fall treatments. The results showed that mulch increased VMC in all the seasons, while other properties (BD; MWD, WSA SOM, pH) were not affected, especially in Spring. The biggest impact was observed in Fall, especially in the Till plot, due to the tillage practices applied in Summer. Mulch increased PT, RT and reduced runoff, SL and chemicals transport. Chemical losses were very much associated with SL, and the concentration of P and metals in soil depended on soil Ca and pH. SWC, MWD and runoff were inversely related to PT, RT and SC. Finally, BD, VMC and SOM were highly associated. Overall, tillage practices dramatically impact SL, and diffuse pollution and urgent measures are needed to reverse this. Mulching is excellent and cost-effective to mitigate the impacts of agriculture on land degradation and diffuse pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dugan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paulo Pereira
- Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Damia Barcelo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEACSIC), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Leon Josip Telak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vilim Filipovic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Filipovic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Kisic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Bogunovic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Zhang H, Liang P, Liu Y, Wang X, Bai Y, Xing Y, Wei C, Li Y, Liu Y, Hu Y. Spatial Distributions and Intrinsic Influence Analysis of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in Sediments from the Wuliangsuhai Wetland, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10843. [PMID: 36078560 PMCID: PMC9518466 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distributions of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb (potentially toxic elements, PTEs) in sediments and intrinsic influence factors from the Wuliangsuhai wetland of the Hetao Irrigation District, China were studied in this work. The results showed that excluding Zn, the total contents of other PTEs were higher than the background values, of which As (39.26 mg·kg-1) and Cd (0.44 mg·kg-1) were six-fold and seven-fold higher, respectively. Especially, the high levels of Cd (70.17%), Pb (66.53%), and Zn (57.20%) in the non-residual fraction showed high bioavailability and mobility. It indicated that PTEs can enter the food chain more easily and produce much toxicity. Based on Igeo, ICF, and MRI, the contamination of As was the most serious in the middle areas (MDP) of the wetland, and its risk was up to moderately strong. Cd and Pb posed moderate and considerate risk, respectively. Furthermore, 29.50% and 55.54% risk contribution ratio of As and Cd, respectively, showed that they were the dominant contaminants. In addition, the positive correlation between sand, OM, and total contents and chemical fractions of PTEs by using PCM, RDA, and DHCA indicated that physicochemical properties could significantly influence the spatial distributions of PTEs. The work was useful for assessing the level of pollution in the study area and acquiring information for future and possible monitoring and remediation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Piaopiao Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinglei Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yahong Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunxin Xing
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunli Wei
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
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Chang X, Jia Z, Feng J, Duan T, Li YX. Refining the diagnostics of non-point source metals pollution to urban lakes based on interaction normalized PMF coupled with Bayesian network. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119194. [PMID: 35331799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal variability complicates source apportionment of metals in urban lakes, especially when rainfall drives urban non-point source pollution. As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ag, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sb, Sr and Zn concentrations in 648 water samples collected before and after rain in 6 urban lakes of Beijing, China were determined during 2013-2015. The response of metals concentrations after rain to the interaction between rainfall and antecedent dry days was significant. Metals concentrations were normalized pursuant to the interaction effect as the input of positive matrix factorization (PMF) to develop the interaction normalized-PMF (IN-PMF). Four primary pollution sources were diagnosed. Sediment release was considered to be the main source of Fe, Co and Ni independent of rainfall. Hg, As and some Cr associated with pesticides and fertilizers were likely to come from soil erosion and runoff from green space. It is probable that road runoff was the dominant source for heavy metals related to traffic emissions, including Pb, Cd, Cu, Sb, Mn and Zn. Cr, Sr and some Cu and Zn as key elements of rooftops can be regarded as from roof runoff. The IN-PMF lowered roof and road runoff contributions and raised the contribution of soil erosion from green space, with Pb, Sb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Mn increasing by 15.9%, 10.7%, 13.1%, 12.2%, 13.3% and 16.8%. The results shed more light on the stormwater runoff pollution mitigation on impervious surfaces and metals enrichment problems in infiltration soil on green space in the low impact development (LID) setting. The Bayesian network revealed the spatial variability of transport and fate of metal elements from land surfaces to urban lakes, supplementing the secondary pollution sources from different land use. This study will provide new insights for source apportionment of non-point source pollution under the background of sponge city construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ziliang Jia
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiashen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Tingting Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ying-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China.
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14
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Lee MC, Libatique MJH, Yeh HY, Chloe Lung WQ. Increasing arsenic accumulation as an implication of climate change: a case study using red algae. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:839-847. [PMID: 35362746 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change due to an increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a global issue. It can impact aquatic environments by affecting water flow, pollutant transformation and migration, and other toxicant-related effects. We assessed the interactive effects of temperature warming and pH changes on variations in accumulation of total arsenic (AsT) in the red alga Sarcodia suae at different levels of arsenite (AsIII). Result showed that AsT variations in the alga were moderated by significant joint effects of warming temperature and/or increasing pH levels and their interactions with increasing AsIII concentrations. Our study suggests possible deleterious impacts on macroalgal populations due to toxicological effects associated with prevailing environmental conditions. Therefore, improved pollution management, climate change adaptation, and mitigation strategies are needed to deal with current environmental issues and As aggravation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chou Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan.
| | - Mary Joy Halog Libatique
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan
- Provincial Institute of Fisheries, Isabela State University-Roxas Campus, 3320, Roxas, Isabela, Philippines
| | - Han-Yang Yeh
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Qing Chloe Lung
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung City, Taiwan
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15
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Ulaganathan A, Robinson JS, Rajendran S, Geevaretnam J, Shanmugam S, Natarajan A, Abdulrahman I A, Karthikeyan P. Potentially toxic elements contamination and its removal by aquatic weeds in the riverine system: A comparative approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112613. [PMID: 34968432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thamirabarani river acquires large untreated sewage effluents from the Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of South Tamil Nadu. This study examined the concentration of trace elements in water, sediment, and phytoaccumulation potential of aquatic weeds viz., A. cristata, E. crassipes, S. natans, and P. stratiotes, growing along Srivaikundam dam of Thamirabarani river. The Pb, As, Hg, Cd, and Ni concentrations in water were slightly higher than the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) drinking water guidelines; however, their accumulation in sediment was below WHO's sediment quality guideline. This study concludes that the phytoaccumulation factor (PAF) and translocation factor (TF) was >1 in E. crassipes and A. cristata, representing them as hyperaccumulators, suitable for phytoremediation in polluted localities. E. crassipes, A. cristata, and S. natans accumulated (100-500 fold) higher trace elements concentrations than that present in the water. Also, the concentrations of trace elements found in the aquatic weeds were below the recommended levels for the critical plant range (CRP). These selected aquatic weeds are more suitable for plant hybridization to be modified as superbug plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisekar Ulaganathan
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jeya Shakila Robinson
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shalini Rajendran
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sundhar Shanmugam
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almansour Abdulrahman I
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Perumal Karthikeyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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16
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Iordache AM, Nechita C, Zgavarogea R, Voica C, Varlam M, Ionete RE. Accumulation and ecotoxicological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Olt River, Romania. Sci Rep 2022; 12:880. [PMID: 35042928 PMCID: PMC8766583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of river freshwater environments currently raises significant concerns due to the toxic effects and the fact that heavy metal behavior is not fully understood. This study assessed the contamination level of eight heavy metals and trace elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the surface sediments of 19 sites in 2018 during four periods (March, May, June, and October) in Olt River sediments. Multivariate statistical techniques were used, namely, one-way ANOVA, person product-moment correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and sediment quality indicators such as the contamination factor and pollution load index. The results demonstrated higher contents of Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg, with values that were over 2.46, 4.40, 1.15, 8.28, 1.10, 1.53, and 3.71 times more, respectively, compared with the national quality standards for sediments. We observed a positive significant statistical correlation (p < 0.001) in March between elevation and Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Zn and a negative correlation between Pb and elevation (p = 0.08). Intermetal associations were observed only in March, indicating a relationship with river discharge from spring. The PCA sustained mainly anthropogenic sources of heavy metals, which were also identified through correlation and cluster analyses. We noted significant differences between the Cr and Pb population means and variances (p < 0.001) for the data measured in March, May, June, and October. The contamination factor indicated that the pollution level of heavy metals was high and significant for As at 15 of the 19 sites. The pollution load index showed that over 89% of the sites were polluted by metals to various degrees during the four periods investigated. Our results improve the knowledge of anthropogenic versus natural origins of heavy metals in river surface sediments, which is extremely important in assessing environmental and human health risks and beneficial for decision-maker outcomes for national freshwater management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Maria Iordache
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Rm. Valcea, Valcea, Romania.
| | - Constantin Nechita
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry "Marin Drăcea" Calea Bucovinei, 73 bis, 725100, Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Romania.
| | - Ramona Zgavarogea
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Rm. Valcea, Valcea, Romania
| | - Cezara Voica
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat St, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Varlam
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Rm. Valcea, Valcea, Romania
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Rm. Valcea, Valcea, Romania
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17
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Raza A, Tabassum J, Zahid Z, Charagh S, Bashir S, Barmukh R, Khan RSA, Barbosa F, Zhang C, Chen H, Zhuang W, Varshney RK. Advances in "Omics" Approaches for Improving Toxic Metals/Metalloids Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:794373. [PMID: 35058954 PMCID: PMC8764127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.794373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has emerged as a high-urgency matter for sustainable agricultural production. Toxic metal contamination of soil and water significantly affects agricultural productivity, which is further aggravated by extreme anthropogenic activities and modern agricultural practices, leaving food safety and human health at risk. In addition to reducing crop production, increased metals/metalloids toxicity also disturbs plants' demand and supply equilibrium. Counterbalancing toxic metals/metalloids toxicity demands a better understanding of the complex mechanisms at physiological, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and plant level that may result in increased crop productivity. Consequently, plants have established different internal defense mechanisms to cope with the adverse effects of toxic metals/metalloids. Nevertheless, these internal defense mechanisms are not adequate to overwhelm the metals/metalloids toxicity. Plants produce several secondary messengers to trigger cell signaling, activating the numerous transcriptional responses correlated with plant defense. Therefore, the recent advances in omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics, miRNAomics, and phenomics have enabled the characterization of molecular regulators associated with toxic metal tolerance, which can be deployed for developing toxic metal tolerant plants. This review highlights various response strategies adopted by plants to tolerate toxic metals/metalloids toxicity, including physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. A seven-(omics)-based design is summarized with scientific clues to reveal the stress-responsive genes, proteins, metabolites, miRNAs, trace elements, stress-inducible phenotypes, and metabolic pathways that could potentially help plants to cope up with metals/metalloids toxicity in the face of fluctuating environmental conditions. Finally, some bottlenecks and future directions have also been highlighted, which could enable sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Javaria Tabassum
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zainab Zahid
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanza Bashir
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Weijian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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18
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Niu L, Cai H, Jia L, Luo X, Tao W, Dong Y, Yang Q. Metal pollution in the Pearl River Estuary and implications for estuary management: The influence of hydrological connectivity associated with estuarine mixing. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112747. [PMID: 34488146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the metal pollution can help governments and estuary management groups manage metal inputs. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the behaviors of seven metals Cd, Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cr, and Hg in water and the responses of these metals to hydrological connectivity in the Pearl River Estuary. The analyses were based on the field measurements of August-2016 in the estuary and January-2016 in the upper river mouth. We also assessed the ecosystem health of these metals. Overall, this estuary had an overall moderate pollution level, with occasional severe perturbations. The mean concentration of individual metal was in the order of Zn > As > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd > Hg. The eastern estuary was more heavily polluted by metals (notably, Zn, Cd, and Cu) than the western estuary; this condition was attributable to sewage and industrial effluent discharges from the eastern urban cities of Dongguan and Shenzhen. Longitudinally, high levels of Cd and Zn appeared in the upper estuary, while elevated levels of Cu, As, Pb, Cr, and Hg were found in the middle and lower estuaries. The riverine inputs and estuarine mixing significantly influenced the distribution and movement of trace metals in the estuary, and have contributed to phytoplankton productivity (chlorophyll-a > 10 μg/L). River inflow inhibited the vertical diffusion of metals, and tidal currents facilitated surface-to-bottom mixing. Cu and Cd posed ecological risks. We determined the source contributions and transport routes of the metals using principal component analysis combining with multiple linear regression. The results of this study suggest that the source apportionment of metals can help to manage the source input entering into the estuary. Further, identified hydrological connectivity of metals can inform water quality managers in the highly anthropogenically influenced estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Niu
- School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou)/Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), China; Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huayang Cai
- School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou)/Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), China; Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangwen Jia
- School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou)/Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), China; Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxin Luo
- School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou)/Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), China; Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tao
- South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshu Yang
- School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou)/Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), China; Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Williams PC, Bartlett AW, Howard-Jones A, McMullan B, Khatami A, Britton PN, Marais BJ. Impact of climate change and biodiversity collapse on the global emergence and spread of infectious diseases. J Paediatr Child Health 2021; 57:1811-1818. [PMID: 34792238 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The reality of climate change and biodiversity collapse is irrefutable in the 21st century, with urgent action required not only to conserve threatened species but also to protect human life and wellbeing. This existential threat forces us to recognise that our existence is completely dependent upon well-functioning ecosystems that sustain the diversity of life on our planet, including that required for human health. By synthesising data on the ecology, epidemiology and evolutionary biology of various pathogens, we are gaining a better understanding of factors that underlie disease emergence and spread. However, our knowledge remains rudimentary with limited insight into the complex feedback loops that underlie ecological stability, which are at risk of rapidly unravelling once certain tipping points are breached. In this paper, we consider the impact of climate change and biodiversity collapse on the ever-present risk of infectious disease emergence and spread. We review historical and contemporaneous infectious diseases that have been influenced by human environmental manipulation, including zoonoses and vector- and water-borne diseases, alongside an evaluation of the impact of migration, urbanisation and human density on transmissible diseases. The current lack of urgency in political commitment to address climate change warrants enhanced understanding and action from paediatricians - to ensure that we safeguard the health and wellbeing of children in our care today, as well as those of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Cm Williams
- The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The School of Women's and Children's Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam W Bartlett
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The School of Women's and Children's Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annaleise Howard-Jones
- The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brendan McMullan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The School of Women's and Children's Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ameneh Khatami
- The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip N Britton
- The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben J Marais
- The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132112020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the unique geographical location and rapid development in the agricultural industry, heavy metals’ risk of soil contamination in the Qaidam Basin is gradually increasing. The following study was conducted to determine the soil heavy metal contents under different types of land use, contamination levels, and the physicochemical properties of soil. Soil samples were collected from facility lands, orchards, farmlands, and grasslands at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers. Heavy metals including copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and the soil was evaluated with different methods. Overall, the average Cu (25.07 mg/kg), Cr (45.67 mg/kg), Ni (25.56 mg/kg), Zn (71.24 mg/kg), Pb (14.19 mg/kg), Cd (0.17 mg/kg), As (12.54 mg/kg), and Hg (0.05 mg/kg) were lower than the environmental quality standard. However, the Cu, Cr, Ni, and As were highest in farmland, and Zn and Hg were highest in the facility land. The Pb content was highest in orchards, and the Cd content was the same in facility land, orchards, and farmland. Among the different land-use types, the soil heavy metal concentrations decreased in the order of facility land > farmland > grassland > orchards. The pH was alkaline, the content of SOC (soil organic carbon) 15.76 g/kg in grassland, TN (total nitrogen) 1.43 g/kg, and TP (total phosphorus) 0.97 g/kg in facility land showed the highest result. The soil BD (bulk density) had a significant positive correlation with Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, and the TP positively correlated with Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg. The soil evaluation results of the comprehensive pollution index indicated that the soil was in a clean condition. The index of potential environmental risk indicates that heavy metals are slightly harmful to the soil.
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21
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Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Levels in Sediments and of Ecological Risk by Quality Indices, Applying a Case Study: The Lower Danube River, Romania. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is a well–known fact that heavy metal pollution in sediments causes serious problems not only in the Danube basin, but also in the large and small adjacent river streams. A suitable method for assessing the level of heavy metals and their toxicity in sediments is the calculation of pollution indices. The present research aims to assess heavy metal pollution in the Lower Danube surface sediments collected along the Danube course (between 180 and 60 km) up to the point where the Danube River flows into the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization—UNESCO, protected area). In addition, this monitored area is one of the largest European hydrographic basins. Five heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) were analyzed in two different seasons, i.e., the autumn of 2018 and the spring of 2019, using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP– MS) technique. Our assessment of heavy metal pollution revealed two correlated aspects: 1. a determination of the potential risks of heavy metals in sediments by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and 2. an evaluation of the influence of anthropogenic activities on the level of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments, using three specific pollution indices, namely, the Geo–Accumulation Index (Igeo), the Contamination Factor (CF), and the Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results of this pioneering research activity in the region highlighted the presence of moderate metal (Ni and Cd) pollution and a low potential ecological risk for the aquatic environment.
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22
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Wang M, Liu X, Yang B, Fei Y, Yu J, An R, Duan L. Heavy metal contamination in surface sediments from lakes and their surrounding topsoils of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:29118-29130. [PMID: 33550521 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization, industrialization, agricultural development, and mining activities, soil heavy metal pollution has become a severe issue in China. To explore the regional heavy metal ecological risk of lake sediment and surrounding topsoil, we analyzed 237 lakes, with 1797 lake sediment sampling points and 1164 surrounding topsoil sampling points. Lower mean concentrations were detected for most heavy metals in soils than sediment (except for Hg). Cd and Hg in sediments and soils showed a more significant variation, with the coefficient of variation exceeding 110%. Linear regressions and Pearson's correlation analyses demonstrated that sediments and soils exhibited significant positive correlations. The principal heavy metals exceeding the Agricultural Soil Control Standard (ASCS) in sediments and soils were As and Cd, respectively. The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Lake Region (YGPLR) was the most seriously affected, exceeding the ASCS for Cd. The lakes with the most severe pollution were located in YGPLR impacted by the high background concentration of heavy metals in soil and mineral development activities. The Eastern Plain Lake Region, the Southeast Lake Region, and the Northeast Plain and Mountain Lake Region showed a clear anthropogenic impact. Lakes in the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Lake Region and the Tibetan Plateau Lake Region were estimated to have relatively low ecological risks due to their sparse population and slight environmental disturbance. The impact of geochemical factors on the ecological risk of heavy metals in lake sediments is more substantial than that of human activities at the regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Soil and Solid Waste Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Water Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Soil and Solid Waste Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing Yang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Fei
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Institute of Soil and Solid Waste Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran An
- Institute of Soil and Solid Waste Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Duan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Water Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
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23
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Identification Sources and High-Risk Areas of Sediment Heavy Metals in the Yellow River by Geographical Detector Method. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the key influencing factors, risk areas, and source pathways of heavy metals in the sediment of the Yellow River, 37 samples were collected in the surface sediment (0–5 cm) of the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River main stream for the determination of heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Based on the geographical detector model (GDM) and ArcGIS 10.2 software, this paper selected 6 heavy metals and 15 influencing factors, including 8 natural factors and 7 anthropogenic factors, to detect key influencing factors, risk areas, and sources of heavy metals. The results showed that: (1) The average contents of heavy metals Cr and Cd in the sediments exceeded the average value in soil, the world average concentration in the shales, and the first-level standard of soil environmental quality in China, and they were the main risk metals; (2) Vegetation coverage (VC) was the largest influencing factor for the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the sediment, followed by per capita income (PI), and land use type (LUT) and road network density (RD) were smaller influencing factors. The interactions of the factors were enhanced; (3) The Wuhai section for a risk area was mainly polluted by Cd and Pb, which were caused by atmospheric deposition and industrial emission. The Baotou section for a risk area was mainly polluted by Cr, which mainly originated from river transportation and industrial discharge. The conclusions can provide a scientific basis for the environmental protection and management of the different areas in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River.
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24
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Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines can lead to serious environmental problems due to its low pH and high concentrations of potentially toxic elements. In this study, soil pH, sulfur (S) content, and arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in 27 surface soil samples from areas in which coal-mining activities ceased nine years previously in Youyu Catchment, Guizhou Province, China. The soil was acidic, with a mean pH of 5.28. Cadmium was the only element with a mean concentration higher than the national soil quality standard. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe concentrations were all higher than the background values in Guizhou Province. This was especially true for the Cd, Cu, and Fe concentrations, which were 1.69, 1.95, and 12.18 times their respective background values. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Fe was present at unpolluted to moderately polluted and heavily polluted levels, respectively, indicating higher pollution levels than for the other elements in the study area. Spatially, significantly high Fe and S concentrations, as well as extremely low pH values, were found in the soils of the AMD sites; however, sites where tributaries merged with the Youyu River (TM) had the highest Cd pollution level. Iron originated mainly from non-point sources (e.g., AMD and coal gangues), while AMD and agricultural activity were the predominant sources of Cd. The results of an eco-risk assessment indicated that Cd levels presented a moderate potential ecological risk, while the other elements all posed a low risk. For the TM sites, the highest eco-risk was for Cd, with levels that could be harmful for aquatic organisms in the wet season, and may endanger human health via the food chain.
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Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.
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26
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Simionov IA, Cristea DS, Petrea SM, Mogodan A, Nicoara M, Plavan G, Baltag ES, Jijie R, Strungaru SA. Preliminary investigation of lower Danube pollution caused by potentially toxic metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128496. [PMID: 33032219 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study aims to assess the pollution status of the European river-sea system lower Danube River-Danube Delta-North West Black Sea, through an integrated analysis of metal concentrations in water, sediments and fish community. The Danube flows through numerous industrial cities and receives a significant amount of pollutants due to the reception of urban and industrial emissaries, as well as agricultural land runoff. Samples of water, sediments and fish (10 species) were collected from 7 representative sites along Danube River, Danube Delta and Black Sea shore. For the analysed fish species, potentially toxic and essential elements (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Na, K) from muscle and liver samples were measured and discussed. Measurement of elements and other environmental quality parameters were determined for water and sediments. The Black Sea area, represented by S6 and S7, received sediments from Danube with the lowest concentrations of Cd (0.05 ± 0.01 μg g-1, respectively 0.01 ± 0.001 μg g-1), Pb (3 ± 0.03 μg g-1, respectively 2 ± 0.03 μg g-1), As (2 ± 0.02 μg g-1, respectively 1.4 ± 0.3 μg g-1), Ni (8.9 ± 0.1 μg g-1, respectively 5.2 ± 0.2 μg g-1), Cr (8 ± 0.7 μg g-1, respectively 5 ± 0.2 μg g-1), Cu (3 ± 0.1 μg g-1, respectively 2 ± 0.04 μg g-1), Fe(6 ± 0.3 μg g-1, respectively 3 ± 0.1 μg g-1) and Zn (0.03 ± 0.003 μg g-1, respectively 0.017 ± 0.001 μg g-1). These results suggest that the Danube Delta system plays an important role in filtering the pollutants. Based on the biota and water analysis, there was no correlation observed between Cd, respectively Pb concentration in the environment and fish body (Person Coef. = -0.02 in muscle tissue and -0.01 in liver tissue, respectively Pearson Coeff. = -0.06 in muscle tissue and 0.1 in liver tissue). Cadmium remained an active element in the pollution of the Danube area (S1 and S2), with high concentration in the water matrix (0.14 ± 0.02 μg L-1, respectively 0.05 ± 0.01 μg L-1) and fish muscle (0.15 ± 0.03 μg g-1f.w. in C. carpio - S2). This fact was confirmed by several other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira-Adeline Simionov
- "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi, MoRAS Research Center, 47 Domnească Street, 800008, Galați, Romania
| | - Dragos Sebastian Cristea
- "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Nicolae Bălcescu Street 59-61, 800001, Galaţi, Romania
| | - Stefan-Mihai Petrea
- "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, 47 Domnească Street, 800008, Galați, Romania
| | - Alina Mogodan
- "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, 47 Domnească Street, 800008, Galați, Romania
| | - Mircea Nicoara
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology, 700505, Iasi, Romania; "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography-Geology, B-dul Carol I, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriel Plavan
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology, 700505, Iasi, Romania
| | - Emanuel Stefan Baltag
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Marine Biological Research Station "Prof. dr. I. Borcea", Nicolae Titulescu Street, No. 163, 907018 Agigea, Constanta, Romania
| | - Roxana Jijie
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Marine Biological Research Station "Prof. dr. I. Borcea", Nicolae Titulescu Street, No. 163, 907018 Agigea, Constanta, Romania
| | - Stefan-Adrian Strungaru
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Science Research Department, Lascar Catargi Str. 54, 700107, Iasi, Romania.
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Peng J, Li F, Zhang J, Chen Y, Cao T, Tong Z, Liu X, Liang X, Zhao X. Comprehensive assessment of heavy metals pollution of farmland soil and crops in Jilin Province. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:4369-4383. [PMID: 31535260 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a major agricultural province in China, it is necessary to study the content of heavy metals in farmland soil and crop in Jilin Province and to evaluate the risks to ecology and human health. This study presented the work completed on 79 soil samples, 10 rice samples, 66 maize samples and 15 soybean samples collected from Jilin Province farmland and evaluated six heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As) concentrations. The results showed that the concentrations of the six heavy metals in farmland soil and crop samples from Jilin Province basically met the soil standards and food health standards of China. The agricultural soil pollution spatial distribution was the most serious in the south of Jilin Province and the lightest in the west. The non-carcinogenic risks faced by children eating crops were higher than those of adults, but the carcinogenic risks were lower than those of adults. Both of the two health risks to adults and children from eating crops were very limited. The results would help determine the heavy metals pollution in farmland soil in Jilin Province efficiently and accurately and helped decision makers to achieve a balance between production and environmental regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Peng
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxu Li
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiehua Cao
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130017, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Tong
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanhe Liang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130017, People's Republic of China
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28
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Cao L, Lin C, Gao Y, Sun C, Xu L, Zheng L, Zhang Z. Health risk assessment of trace elements exposure through the soil-plant (maize)-human contamination pathway near a petrochemical industry complex, Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114414. [PMID: 32244158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The trace elements contamination of agricultural soils near petrochemical industry complexes is a concern due to the risk of accumulating in food systems and subsequently affecting human health. We measured representative trace elements (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, Pb, Hg and As) through the soil-plant (maize)-human contamination pathway near a petrochemical industry complexes in an agricultural region from September 20 to 28, 2016. We found that the soil was mildly to moderately polluted by multiple trace elements, which was also confirmed by the contamination factor and enrichment factor values. Cd (enrichment factor = 2.28), Cu (2.75), Zn (1.85) and Pb (1.70) should be given more attention and prioritized over the other trace elements due to their higher potential risks. Furthermore, the trace elements contamination in maize grains was lower than the corresponding limits. The sequence of the transfer coefficient values was Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > Ni > As > Cr > Pb. Maize grain safety was threatened mainly by Zn, Cd and Cu. There was no risk to humans through soil ingestion, while a potential health risk from maize grain consumption existed. Children were more sensitive than adults to the non-carcinogenic risks of maize grain consumption. Trace element As was found to be the priority metal for risk control. For carcinogenic risk, adults were more sensitive than children; As, Cr and Cd were the priority metals for risk control, with CRmaize values exceeding the risk threshold (1 × 10-4). Overall, strict, intensive monitoring, especially of Cr and Cd, and soil protection measures are needed to prevent any furthertrace elements contamination and to ensure food safety. This study also provides a reference for similar studies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Chenlu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yufu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Liang Zheng
- Jilin Institute of Forestry Investigation and Planning, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Zhou J, Zhang M, Ji M, Wang Z, Hou H, Zhang J, Huang X, Hursthouse A, Qian G. Evaluation of heavy metals stability and phosphate mobility in the remediation of sediment by calcium nitrate. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1017-1026. [PMID: 31975564 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The injection of oxidants is one of the useful remediation technologies for eliminating hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and ammonia (NH3 / NH 4 + ) in aquatic sediments. In the current work, the impact of calcium nitrate injection on the release of heavy metals associated with phosphate was evaluated in a column test of sediment with overlying water at a volume ratio of 1:1 for 131 days. Sulfide was significantly oxidized by calcium nitrate, as its amount was reduced substantially by 85% from the 20th to the 30th day, with a decrease in the oxidation-reduction potential to -68 mV and a simultaneous increase in pH to 9.83. Over 50% of the mobile Zn, Pb, and Cu were reprecipitated in the sediment when the phosphate was partially released. It is proposed that the heavy metal immobilization was related to the phosphate content in the pore water due to the precipitation of heavy metals and phosphorus on the surface of Fe hydroxide particles after oxidation. This is supported by chemical fraction analysis of the heavy metals in the sediment, which indicated increased residual fractions of heavy metals. Our results provide an insight into the remediation of sediment by oxidation with a self-stabilization of heavy metals and phosphate. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Effective removal of sulfide after calcium nitrate injection was achieved. Metal immobilization was related to the phosphate content in pore water. Over 50% of mobile Zn, Pb, and Cu might be reprecipitated in sediment. Oxidizable fraction of heavy metal predominantly transformed to its residual fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhi Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Economics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqi Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiting Ji
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghua Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Resource Exploitation, Hunan University of Science &Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Hao Hou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew Hursthouse
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Resource Exploitation, Hunan University of Science &Technology, Xiangtan, China
- School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12061798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to understand the spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, surface sediment samples in six typical tributaries and estuaries were analyzed. The heavy metal content in sediment was detected by ICP-MS (PE Elan DRC Ⅱ, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) after digestion by mixed acid. The data were evaluated and analyzed using multiple methods, including the potential ecological risk index, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and cluster analysis. The results show that the tributary surface sediments were polluted by heavy metals to a certain extent. Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr have been enriched in sediments in recent years. The results of Igeo show that the pollution degree is as follows: Pb > Cu > Zn > Cr > Cd > Ni > As > Hg. According to the potential ecological risk index, the grades of Yunyang, Xiaojiang, and Xinjin are all medium risk, and Cd has the highest contribution rate. Combined with field investigation data, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis, we conclude that Cu, Zn, and Cr are likely to come from agricultural chemical fertilizers and industrial sewage, while Pb mainly comes from the discharge of ship fuel.
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31
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Fielding JJ, Croudace IW, Kemp AES, Pearce RB, Cotterill CJ, Langdon P, Avery R. Tracing lake pollution, eutrophication and partial recovery from the sediments of Windermere, UK, using geochemistry and sediment microfabrics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137745. [PMID: 32199357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many lakes undergo anthropogenically driven eutrophication and pollution leading to decreased water and sediment quality. These effects can enhance seasonally changing lake redox conditions that may concentrate potentially toxic elements. Here we report the results of a multi-method geochemical and sediment microfabric analysis applied to reconstruct the history of cultural eutrophication and pollution of the North and South Basins of Windermere, UK. Eutrophication developed from the mid-19th to the earliest 20th centuries. Enhanced lake productivity is indicated by increased sedimentary δ13C, and increased pollution by a higher concentration of metals (Pb, Hg, and As) in the sediment, likely enhanced by incorporation and adsorption to settling diatom aggregates, preserved as sedimentary laminae. In the South Basin, increasing sediment δ15N values occur in step with Zn, Hg, and Cu, linking metal enrichment to isotopically heavy nitrate (N) from anthropogenic sources. From around 1930, decreases in Mn and Fe-rich laminae indicate reduced deep-water ventilation, whereas periods of sediment anoxia increased, being most severe in the deeper North Basin. Strongly reducing sediment conditions promoted Fe and Mn reduction and Pb-bearing barite formation, hitherto only described from toxic mine wastes and contaminated soils. From 1980 there was an increase in indicators of bottom water oxygenation, although not to before 1930. But in the South Basin, the continued impacts of sewage are indicated by elevated sediment δ15N. Imaging and X-ray microanalysis using scanning electron microscopy has shown seasonal-scale redox mineralisation of Mn, Fe, and Ba related to intermittent sediment anoxia. Elevated concentrations of these metals and As also occur in the surficial sediment and provide evidence for dynamic redox mobilisation of potentially toxic elements to the lake water. Concentrations of As (up to 80 ppm), exceed international Sediment Quality Standards. This process may become more prevalent in the future with climate change driving lengthened summer stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J James Fielding
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian W Croudace
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | - Alan E S Kemp
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B Pearce
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | - Carol J Cotterill
- British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Research Avenue South, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Langdon
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Avery
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Assessment of the Chemical State of Bottom Sediments in the Eutrophied Dam Reservoir in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103424. [PMID: 32423036 PMCID: PMC7277092 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the presented research was to examine the concentration of biogenic compounds and heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Sulejów Reservoir (Central Poland) from October 2018. Based on the obtained research results, maps of the spatial distribution were prepared. The following parameters were analyzed: total phosphorus (TP), total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total organic carbon (TOC), ratio of total organic carbon to nitrogen (C:N), organic matter content as well as Cd, Cr and Pb concentrations. The sediments were collected at 28 sampling sites, covering the whole area of the reservoir. The differences in the content of individual biogenic compounds result from the composition of the debris applied by the supplying rivers, as well as the content of this elements in the water, long retention time (40 days) and depth from which the tested sediments were taken. The distribution of examined compounds was largely influenced by the agricultural activity in the studied area, as well as the presence of ports and recreational points. Based on the measurements, the highest amounts of biogenic components deposit in sediments of deep parts in slow-flowing waters, in stagnation zones, areas adjacent to arable land, and the sites where fine-size fractions prevail in the deposited material. Biogenic compounds in sediments of the Sulejów Reservoir showed a pattern of gradual increase along the reservoir from lower values in the back-water part. A similar relationship is visible for heavy metals. Referring to the ecotoxicological criteria, it can be stated that bottom sediments from the Sulejów Reservoir collected in 2018 are not toxicologically contaminated in terms of cadmium, lead and chromium content.
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Li Y, Gao B, Xu D, Peng W, Liu X, Qu X, Zhang M. Hydrodynamic impact on trace metals in sediments in the cascade reservoirs, North China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:136914. [PMID: 32045762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cascade reservoirs facilitate the effective use of water resources and help to alleviate existing problems of water shortage in drought-prone regions. However, the geochemical behavior and controlling mechanisms of trace metals in response to the operation of cascade reservoirs are relatively unknown. Here, trace metals (As, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Pb and Zn) from thirty sediment cores from cascade reservoirs (Panjiakou and Daheiting Reservoirs) in China were evaluated. Multiple methods including geochemical baseline, geostatistical analysis, factor analysis (FA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF), were combined to assess pollution status, identify and quantify potential anthropogenic sources, and determine the influence of hydrodynamic conditions on trace metals distribution. The results indicate that minor enrichment of trace metals appeared in both cascade reservoirs. However, trace metal concentrations exhibited spatial heterogeneity between two cascade reservoirs, and diverse hotspots of different metals were unexpectedly observed. This can be explained by the following three aspects: (1) Metal hotspots were detected upstream of the cascade dams via geostatistical analysis and FA, particularly for naturally sourced metals (As and Li) where dam interception resulted in higher concentrations in the upstream reservoir. (2) PMF analysis identified agricultural, industrial, and natural sources to account for 23.44%, 41.61%, and 34.95%, respectively, to the metal concentrations in the downstream reservoir. Anthropogenic emissions were the dominant factors influencing the spatial variability of Cu, Pb, and Zn between the cascade reservoirs, with higher concentrations observed in the downstream reservoir. (3) The hydrological regime also influenced the redistribution of human-derived metals, where slower flow velocities at river bends resulted in higher deposition of metal-bearing particles. This study shed light on the spatial distribution of trace metals in response to the construction and operation of cascade reservoirs, and it suggests that trace metal hotspots should be monitored to prevent potential contamination in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Dongyu Xu
- Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Wenqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaodong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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34
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Yan B, Xu DM, Chen T, Yan Z, Li LL. Geochemical features and potential environmental implications of heavy metals in mining-impacted sediments, south China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18672-18684. [PMID: 32207013 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was initiated to investigate the geochemical features and associated pollution risks of selected heavy metals in sediments near an active copper sulfide mines, south China. These results indicated that legacy contamination in sediments were mainly Cd (11.9 mg/kg), Cu (0.106%), Pb (0.189%), Zn (0.0958%), and As (0.158%). Furthermore, the geochemical variability of most elements, ranging from 5.66% for K2O to 24.99% for Cd, was relatively lower. On the spatial scale, the variation patterns of multi-elements did not show a decreasing trend. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the significant enrichment of the studied elements was mostly related to the geochemical background and anthropogenic sources. Besides that, the stable climate might have positive influences on the leachability patterns of heavy metals in sediment profiles. According to the results of the potential ecological risk index (PERI), Cd, Cu, Pb, and As were identified as the riskiest elements due to their rather higher contribution ratios to pollution risk. In response to continuous exposure risks, the significant enrichment of these mining-derived elements should be preferentially concerned. Finally, some reasonable action is proposed for aquatic environment protection. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da-Mao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100082, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - ZiAng Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
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Ji Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Chen T, Long Z, Li M, Pei Y. Distribution, ecological risk and source identification of heavy metals in sediments from the Baiyangdian Lake, Northern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124425. [PMID: 31352101 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Baiyangdian Lake (BYDL) is the largest plant-dominated freshwater wetland in the North China Plain. It plays an important role in supporting the construction of Xiongan New Area. Heavy metals contents (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the sediments from BYDL are investigated to determine their spatial distribution and potential ecological risk in this study. Then the relationship and sources of contaminants were analyzed using a multivariate visual statistical analysis. The risk assessment results reveal that the surface sediments of BYDL are moderately to highly polluted by heavy metals, and the primary contaminants are Cd, Pb, and Zn. The spatial distribution of high potential risk regions mainly concentrate in the stream corridor between the east and west of the lake, and the distribution of high potential risk level of Cd, Pb, and Zn occur in a similar region. Additionally, exogenetic heavy metals are accumulated in the sediment cores within a depth of 16 cm, and their contents and risk decreased sharply with the increasing of depth. Furthermore, the results of statistical analysis implied that the Cd, Pb, and Zn in sediments are derived from industrial sources, the As and Cr from the geological process and the nutrients are from the nonpoint agricultural pollution. Overall, this study gives more information about the ecological risk distribution and pollution sources of BYDL, which is essential for the strategic design of future pollution control and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ziwei Long
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China.
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36
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Zhang H, Huo S, Yeager KM, Li C, Xi B, Zhang J, He Z, Ma C. Apparent relationships between anthropogenic factors and climate change indicators and POPs deposition in a lacustrine system. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 83:174-182. [PMID: 31221380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are expected to impact the environmental behaviors and fates of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), however, quantitative studies on these combined factors are scarce. In this study, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used as examples to identify how and when those factors may be related to the deposition of POPs in the sediment of Lake Chaohu, China, using generalized additive models (GAMs). Three historical trends of DDT, PAH, and PCB deposition were delineated in a dated sediment core encompassing ~100 years of historical record: a steady state or gradually increasing stage, a rapidly increasing stage, and a declining stage. The GAM results showed that aquatic total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and regional GDP (anthropogenic factors) were dominant contributors to POP accumulation rates in the lake sediment. The fitted relationships between air temperature and sedimentary DDT and PAH concentrations were linear and negative, while a positive linear relationship was found for PCBs, suggesting that Lake Chaohu may have become a net source for DDTs and PAHs, and a sink for PCBs, under a progressively warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shouliang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Kevin M Yeager
- Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Chaocan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhuoshi He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chunzi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
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Ji Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Huang C, Pei Y. Fraction spatial distributions and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Baiyangdian Lake. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:417-428. [PMID: 30851539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Baiyangdian Lake has been the ecological foundation of the Xiongan New Area, a newly developing economic zone in northern China since 2017, meaning that it is increasingly significant to recognize the contamination of the lake. In this work, the spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in the lake sediments were examined based on field investigation, multivariate statistical analyses and X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD). The results showed that the heavy metals in sediments pose moderate to high risks in most of the sample sites. The heavily contaminated sites presented more unstable chemical (exchangeable and reducible) fractions, and the ecological risk is highly sensitive to the exchangeable fraction in highly contaminative sites. The results of statistical analyses demonstrated that metal fractions were significantly correlated with physicochemical properties, and TP, TN and TOC exhibited a strong correlation with the exchangeable fraction of As, Cd, Pb and Zn. In contrast, Fe and Mn were weakly correlated with the fractions, which due to the high proportion of the nutrient elements in the sediment. Furthermore, the results from the XRD patterns demonstrated that the mineralogy phases of the various heavy metals contributed to the different chemical fractions. Those results demonstrated that further research on metal fraction distribution and influencing factors in the sediment should be implemented to ascertain the degree of toxicity to carry out effective strategies to remediate the lake sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Changxing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
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38
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Zhu H, Bing H, Wu Y, Zhou J, Sun H, Wang J, Wang X. The spatial and vertical distribution of heavy metal contamination in sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir determined by anti-seasonal flow regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:79-88. [PMID: 30743133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of heavy metals in sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) is increasingly concerned as a major issue for water quality since the full impoundment. In this study, the sediment profiles in the riparian and submerged areas from Fuling to Zigui in the middle-low TGR mainstream were collected to investigate the stratified distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) and assess their contamination and potential eco-risk. The results showed that the concentrations of these metals in the riparian sediments did not present a marked spatial trend except the concentrations of Cd that increased towards the dam. However, the metal concentrations (except Cd) in the submerged sediments were generally higher near the dam. The concentrations of heavy metals in the riparian sediments did not show marked vertical variation, while in the submerged sediments they fluctuated dramatically with depth, indicating the metal accumulation processes in last few years. Sediment grain sizes as an indicator of hydrodynamic regimes dominated the vertical distribution of heavy metals over organic matters and Fe/Mn oxide/hydroxides. The sediments from both riparian and submerged areas of the TGR were contaminated by anthropogenic metals of Cd, Cu and Pb that were mainly from the ore mining, fossil fuel combustion, agricultural pollution and atmospheric deposition. Cadmium was a major metal pollutant in the sediments with a high contamination and potential eco-risk level. The results of this study indicate that the sorting of sediments with the anti-seasonal flow regulation determines the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metal contamination in the sediments, and the impoundment stages of the TGR in history regulate the accumulation processes of the metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yanhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jipeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Luo L, Mei K, Qu L, Zhang C, Chen H, Wang S, Di D, Huang H, Wang Z, Xia F, Dahlgren RA, Zhang M. Assessment of the Geographical Detector Method for investigating heavy metal source apportionment in an urban watershed of Eastern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:714-722. [PMID: 30759597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Assessing heavy metal pollution in river sediments and identifying the key factors contributing to metal pollution are critical components for devising river environmental protection and remediation strategies to protect human and ecological health. This is especially important in urban areas where metals from a wide range of sources contribute to sediment pollution. In this study, the metal enrichment factor (EF) was used to measure the watershed distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in sediments in the Wen-Rui Tang urban river system in Wenzhou, Eastern China. The Geographical Detector Method (GDM) was specifically evaluated for its ability to analyze spatial relationships between metal EFs and their anthropogenic and natural control factors, including densities of industry (DI), livestock (DL), service industries (DS), population (DP), and roads (DR), along with agricultural area (AG), sediment total organic carbon (TOC), and soil types (ST). Results showed that the watershed was highly contaminated by all metals with an EF trend of Cd ≫ Zn > Cu > Pb. The spatial distribution of EFs demonstrated high contamination of all metals in the southwestern region of the watershed where industrial activities were concentrated, and higher Cu and Zn concentrations in the northeastern region having a high density of livestock production. GDM results identified DI as the dominant determinant for all metals, while TOC and ST were determined to have a moderate secondary influence for Zn, Pb and Cd. Additionally, GDM revealed several additive and nonlinear interactions between anthropogenic and natural factors influencing metal concentrations. Compared to other correlation, multiple linear regression and geographically weighted regression, GDM demonstrated distinct advantages of being able to assess both categorical and continuous variables and determine both single and multiple factor interactions. These attributes provide a more comprehensive understanding of metal spatial distributions while avoiding multicollinearity issues when identifying significant contributing factors at the watershed scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Kun Mei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Liyin Qu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Han Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Di Di
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Hong Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Fang Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Minghua Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute (iWATER), China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, USA.
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Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w11010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in six retention reservoirs located in the lowland area of western Poland. The objectives of this study were to analyze the Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations, assess contamination and ecological risk, analyze the spatial variability of HM concentrations and identify potential sources and factors determining the concentration and spatial distribution. The bottom sediment pollution by HMs was assessed on the basis of the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), pollution load index (PLI) and metal pollution index (MPI). To assess the ecological risk associated with multiple HMs, the mean probable effect concentration (PEC) quotient (Qm-PEC) and the toxic risk index (TRI) were used. In order to determine the similarities and differences between sampling sites in regard to the HM concentration, cluster analysis (CA) was applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to assess the impact of grain size, total organic matter (TOM) content and sampling site location on HM spatial distribution. Additionally, PCA was used to assess the impact of catchment, reservoir characteristics and hydrological conditions. The values of Igeo, EF, MPI and PLI show that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb mainly originate from geogenic sources. In contrast, Zn concentrations come from point sources related to agriculture. The mean PEC quotient (Qm-PEC) and TRI value show that the greatest ecological risk occurred at the inlet to the reservoir and near the dam. The analysis showed that the HMs concentration depends on silt and sand content. However, the Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn concentrations are associated with TOM as well. The relationship between individual HMs and silt was stronger than with TOM. The PCA results indicate that HMs with the exception of Zn originate from geogenic sources—weathering of rock material. However, the Ni concentration may additionally depend on road traffic. The results show that a reservoir with more frequent water exchange has higher HMs concentrations, whereas the Zn concentration in bottom sediments is associated with agricultural point sources.
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Challenges Regarding Water Quality of Eutrophic Reservoirs in Urban Landscapes: A Mapping Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:ijerph16010040. [PMID: 30586945 PMCID: PMC6339212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Urbanized river basins usually suffer from anthropogenic pressure, compromising the quality of water. Unsafe water is a risk to public health, especially when there are occurrences of HABs (Harmful Algae Blooms) as in the case of cyanobacteria, which cause different human health problems. In this paper, we aimed to review the scientific literature documenting what has been studied in the scope of the stratified reservoirs of urbanized basins. The mapping review method was used to categorize existing literature on urbanized watersheds and eutrophic reservoirs. Using the keywords “Eutrophic Reservoir” and “Urban” and selecting all the years of open publication on the Science web page, we obtained 69 results, 53 of them meeting the requirements established for the search. Many of the studies mention as the most important determinant for eutrophication of reservoirs and the proliferation of algae, the anthropogenic influence through the diffuse load of streets, domestic and industrial sewage, and even drainage water from agricultural areas in the basin. The results of this study reinforce that informal settlements without sanitary infrastructure are aggravating the deterioration of water quality in urban water sources and therefore posing many risks to public health.
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Yuan W, Xu W, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Wang L, Bai J, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Zhang C, Wang J. Mechanochemical treatment of Cr(VI) contaminated soil using a sodium sulfide coupled solidification/stabilization process. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:540-547. [PMID: 30165280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this research, mechanochemical reduction was carried out to remediate Cr(VI) contaminated soil, and the reduction effectiveness was evaluated by analyzing the corresponding leachable fraction obtained through the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) proposed by the EPA. The results indicated that mechanochemical reduction can efficiently reduce the Cr(VI) concentration in the leachate. Under a milling time of 2 h, milling speed of 500 rpm, ball-to-powder weight ratio of 14 and Na2S dosage of 5%, the Cr(VI) leaching concentration significantly decreased from 663.98 mg L-1 to 0.84 mg L-1, much lower than the regulatory limit of 5 mg L-1. In addition, the significant decrease in Cr(VI) was mainly due to the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), as supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanochemical reduction with mechanism proposed in this experiment may involve two major processes: solidification and reduction (stabilization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Yuan
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China.
| | - Weitong Xu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Zebing Wu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Lincai Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Jianfeng Bai
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Chenglong Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
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Liu R, Bao K, Yao S, Yang F, Wang X. Ecological risk assessment and distribution of potentially harmful trace elements in lake sediments of Songnen Plain, NE China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:117-124. [PMID: 30048874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the distribution and the ecological risk of the potentially harmful trace elements (PHTEs) in lake sediments of Songnen Plain, northeast (NE) China, an integrated survey of PHTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Ti) was conducted in July 2015 in 11 shallow lakes adjacent to Qiqihar and Daqing. The enrichment factor (EF) and Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) results showed that Cd was obviously enriched in all lakes and reached the moderate pollution level. A comparison of PHTE concentrations in the lake sediments from 2005 to 2015 found the PHTEs pollution status doubled. Multivariate statistical analysis identified the heavy industries of petroleum and steel in the cities close to lakes and excessive agricultural fertilizing in the region as possible pollution sources of the PHTEs. The Håkanson index method (RI) and the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) were used to assess the potential risk of PHTEs in sediments. The risk degree of 11 lakes had reached a medium level of potential ecological risk except for one lake which had a low potential ecological risk status. The Songnen Plain has been significantly affected by anthropogenic activities and this study provides an effective reference for the environmental protection and management of lakes (heavy metal pollution and control) around the heavy industrial cities of China and the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqin Liu
- College of Wildlife Resource, Center of Conservation Medicine & Ecological Safety, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Kunshan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shuchun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Wildlife Resource, Center of Conservation Medicine & Ecological Safety, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Hua C, Zhou G, Yin X, Wang C, Chi B, Cao Y, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Cheng Z, Li R. Assessment of heavy metal in coal gangue: distribution, leaching characteristic and potential ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32321-32331. [PMID: 30229490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the process of excavation and utilization of the coal gangue hill, gangue at different weathering degree was exposed to the environment, which can be harmful to the surroundings. In order to find the law of heavy metal release and to evaluate the potential ecological risk, five kinds of coal gangue at different weathering degrees were collected from a coal mine named Suncun, an over 100-year-old mine of Xinwen coal mining field located in Tai'an city, Shandong Province of China. Samples were processed with microwave digestion for total content determination of heavy metals, and another part of samples was processed by Tessier sequential extraction for chemical forms analysis. Leaching tests at various pH were carried out to investigate the release of heavy metal. The laws of transformation and release of heavy metals were discussed and potential ecological risk was evaluated. The results indicated that the weathering degree had a significant impact on the content of heavy metal. Exchangeable and carbonate fractions of Cr and Pb were a large proportion of the total and should attract great attention. Potential ecological risk was at strong level (light black) and was up to very strong level (deep black) because of Cd. But Cr had contributed the most for gray gangue, which was 71% of the total. The species of heavy metal in gangue changed due to weathering and lead to the difference of the leaching characteristic and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Hua
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Guangzhu Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Xin Yin
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Cuizhen Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Baorong Chi
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Yiyun Cao
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Zirui Cheng
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Ruyue Li
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
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Pan L, Fang G, Wang Y, Wang L, Su B, Li D, Xiang B. Potentially Toxic Element Pollution Levels and Risk Assessment of Soils and Sediments in the Upstream River, Miyun Reservoir, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112364. [PMID: 30366451 PMCID: PMC6267611 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the Chao River and Baimaguan River located upstream of the Miyun Reservoir in Miyun District (Beijing, China). Soil and sediment samples were collected from the river and drainage basin. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and six potentially toxic elements including cadmium, zinc, lead, chromium, arsenic, and copper, were analyzed in terms of concentration, potential ecological risk, and human health risk. The average concentrations of the six potentially toxic elements were all below the soil environmental quality standards for China. Cadmium was the most serious pollutant in both soils and sediments, at 2.58 and 3.40 times its background values. The contents of Cd and Pb were very closely related (p < 0.01) to total nitrogen concentrations in both soil and sediment samples. The potential ecological risks posed by Cd in the Chao and Baimaguan River soils were considerable and moderate, respectively. The historical iron ore mining and agricultural activity were identified as the primary sources of potentially toxic element pollution of soil and sediment in the Chao-Bai River in Miyun District. Human health risk assessment indicated that non-carcinogenic risks all fell below threshold values. The total carcinogenic risks due to Cr and As were within the acceptable range for both adults and children. This conclusion provides a scientific basis for the control of potentially toxic element pollution and environmental protection of the Miyun Reservoir in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Pan
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Guangling Fang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Benying Su
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Bao Xiang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Environmental Research Center, Beijing 100012, China.
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China.
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Ouyang W, Wang Y, Lin C, He M, Hao F, Liu H, Zhu W. Heavy metal loss from agricultural watershed to aquatic system: A scientometrics review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:208-220. [PMID: 29751304 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil and aquatic environments has attracted widespread attention due to its persistence, accumulation in the food chain and negative effects on ecological and human health. However, analyses of the watershed-scale migration mechanisms of heavy metal loss from agricultural systems to aquatic systems have seldom been studied systematically. Therefore, this review summarizes the available data in the literature (2003-2017) using CiteSpace software to provide insights into the specific characteristics of heavy metal loss from agricultural watersheds to aquatic systems and consequently shows global development trends that scientists can use for establishing future research directions. As opposed to traditional review articles by experts, this study provides a new method for quantitatively visualizing information about the development of this field over the past decade. The results indicate that among all countries, China was the most active contributor with the most publications and cooperated the most with other countries. In addition, most articles were classified as environmental sciences and ecology, environmental sciences or agricultural studies. Furthermore, based on a keyword co-word analysis by CiteSpace, it was concluded that erosion-linked transport of heavy metals was the most influencing factor of mitigation mechanism. Additionally, the migration characteristics of heavy metals in farmland soils and water under the complex environment impacts of various factors such as climate change and land-use changes were of great significance that future studies should focus on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ouyang
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation College of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Yidi Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation College of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Chunye Lin
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation College of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Mengchang He
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation College of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Fanghua Hao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Weihong Zhu
- College of Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, PR China; Changbai Mountain Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Functional Molecules, Yanji 133003, Jilin, PR China
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Xu Q, Gao L, Peng W, Gao B, Xu D, Sun K. Assessment of labile Zn in reservoir riparian soils using DGT, DIFS, and sequential extraction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:184-190. [PMID: 29804015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion project alleviates drought in northern China, especially reducing water shortage pressure in Beijing. However, after submersion, the potential release risk of metals in newly submerged soils into the water in the receiving reservoir remains unclear. Here, we assess the labile Zn in the riparian soils of Miyun Reservoir (MYR) using the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), DGT-induced fluxes in soils (DIFS) model, and Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction. The results showed that the average Zn concentrations at three sampling sites (S2, S3, and S5) exceeded soil background value (74.8 mg/kg), indicative of Zn accumulation in the MYR. The concentrations of DGT-labile Zn varied within 39.7-62.4 μg/L (average: 56.7 μg/L), with the greatest value observed at 145 m at sampling site S3, attributed to anthropogenic activities in recreational areas. The DGT-labile Zn showed no correlation with classes of land, elevations, or soil properties. Sequential extraction results demonstrated that Zn predominantly existed in the residual fraction, but still showed a strong capability for resupply from the solid phase (R >1). The DIFS model simulation results showed that Zn underwent irreversible diffusion of intra-particle metals from the solid phase to the soil solution. Therefore, the potential release risk of labile Zn in riparian soils in MYR cannot be ignored, especially for areas experiencing human disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Dongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Wang X, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Cai Y. Heavy metal pollution in reservoirs in the hilly area of southern China: Distribution, source apportionment and health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:158-169. [PMID: 29627538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs play more and more important role in providing potable water in many developing countries, including the China. In the present study, pollution characteristics, source and health risk of dissolved heavy metals in 19 representative reservoirs in the hilly area of southern China were investigated. The results presented great spatial heterogeneity in heavy metal concentrations among the studied reservoirs due to the disturbances by different anthropogenic activities. Several reservoirs had significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals compared with others, FengTan (FT) reservoir (0.34μg/L in dry season), Cr in reservoirs of HuangShi (HS) and ZheLin (ZL) with values of 4.16μg/L and 3.45μg/L in dry season respectively, and Al in reservoirs of JiaoKou (JK), GuTian (GT) and DouShui (DS) with values of 1011μg/L, 1036μg/L and 1001μg/L in wet season, respectively. Furthermore, there was a great difference in the seasonal variation of heavy metals, especially for Al and Pb in wet season characterized with relatively high values of 643μg/L and 0.67μg/L, respectively. Accordingly, Al was identified with a great health risk to living beings in view of its mean value in wet season, which greatly exceeded the criteria for drinking water of China, WHO and US EPA. Furthermore, As might be the greatest concern of health risk in this region considering its high carcinogenic risk to the local residents around the reservoirs of OuYangHai (OYH), DS, ZhiXi (ZX) and HS. Multivariate statistical analysis suggested that there was great heterogeneity in the sources of these heavy metals in the hilly area of southern China. Therefore, specific measures, such as controls on point source pollution control and tailings, should be taken for maintaining drinking water safety and aquatic ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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