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Bilgin A, Morales-Muñoz I, Winsper C, Wolke D. Associations between bed-sharing in infancy and childhood internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Attach Hum Dev 2024; 26:403-422. [PMID: 39033345 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2024.2380427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Bed-sharing is a controversial but common parenting practice with claimed benefits for emotional and behavioral development. Using data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N = 16,599), this prospective study investigated whether bed-sharing at 9 months is associated with childhood internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories. Children were grouped by their patterns of co-developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms from 3 to 11 years of age using a parallel process latent class growth analysis. There were no associations between bed-sharing at 9 months of age and internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories across childhood. This finding suggests that bed-sharing at 9 months has no positive or negative influence on the development of internalizing and externalizing symptoms across childhood. Clinicians should inform parents that bed-sharing during the second half of the first year is unlikely to have an impact on the later emotional and behavioral development of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Bilgin
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Isabel Morales-Muñoz
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Catherine Winsper
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Research and Innovation, Coventry, UK
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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2
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Leistikow N, Smith MH. The role of sleep protection in preventing and treating postpartum depression. Semin Perinatol 2024; 48:151947. [PMID: 39048415 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2024.151947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Postpartum sleep disruption is a risk factor for postpartum depression (PPD) as well as a potential treatment target. In the first 6 months after delivery, when the risk of PPD is greatest, fragmented maternal sleep is most often related to necessary infant night feedings. Clinicians' conversations about planning for and navigating postpartum sleep should include questions about patient expectations, cultural traditions, and available support. For women at high risk of PPD, or with moderate to severe PPD or other symptoms of mental illness, protecting one 4-5 hour period of consolidated nighttime sleep may be necessary and effective. This can be achieved by having another adult step in for 1-2 infant night feedings or by employing other strategies. OBs can encourage high-risk patients to develop a postpartum plan for sleep protection by initiating this conversation during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Leistikow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Milena H Smith
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Barry ES, D'Souza L. Maternal depressive symptoms and mother-infant cosleeping (including room sharing and bedsharing): a systematic review. J Clin Sleep Med 2024; 20:1517-1533. [PMID: 38648117 PMCID: PMC11367717 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) affect most women during the first year postpartum. Mothers provide most of the nighttime care for infants, so studying the relationship between MDS and infant sleep location (ISL) is highly relevant to understanding maternal mental health over the first year of life and beyond. Infant sleep is studied by anthropologists, health care providers, and psychologists, with very little communication across disciplines. This review aimed to determine whether there is a predictive relationship between MDS and ISL. METHODS This systematic review searched 6 databases with terms related to maternal mood and ISL. Final analysis included 14 published studies, analyzed with narrative synthesis and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Included studies directly compared ISL and MDS. RESULTS Five studies showed no relationship between ISL and MDS, and 1 study found bedsharing reduced MDS. Five studies found cosleeping was related to higher MDS although directionality is mixed or missing, and 3 studies found an association at some ages or for some populations only. Examining studies according to type of infant sleep assessment, study design, age of infant, or breastfeeding status failed to detect consistent patterns. CONCLUSIONS A variety of study designs, types and definitions of variable measures, sample recruitment, and study outcomes prevent detection of a consistent relationship between MDS and ISL. We explore reasons for the elusive nature of a relationship and make recommendations for future research in MDS and ISL, including crossdisciplinary collaborations. CITATION Barry ES, D'Souza L. Maternal depressive symptoms and mother-infant cosleeping (including room sharing and bedsharing): a systematic review. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(9):1517-1533.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S Barry
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Fayette, Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania
| | - Levita D'Souza
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Segre G, Clavenna A, Roberti E, Campi R, Rapisardi G, Bonati M. Children's nocturnal awakenings and sleep duration during the first two years of life in the NASCITA cohort study. Sleep Med 2024; 121:127-134. [PMID: 38964278 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have analyzed the characteristics and prevalence of sleep disturbances among Italian children. Less attention has been paid, however, to the factors involved in sleep disturbances in the first two years of life. The goals of the present study were, therefore: 1) to provide a developmental trajectory of Italian infants' night awakenings and duration during the first two years of life and 2) to analyze which factors affect night awakenings the most over time. METHODS Data for this study were collected in the NASCITA cohort. During the well-child visits conducted at 6, 12, and 24 months, pediatricians asked parents to report if the child had any sleep disturbances, especially frequent night awakenings. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to test the association between child and family variables and the likelihood of frequent awakenings. RESULTS 2973 toddlers, out of 5054 initially enrolled newborns, were included in this study; 875 (29.4 %) of whom presented frequent awakenings in at least one visit (peak of prevalence of 19.8 % at 12 months). Bed-sharing (adjusted OR 2.53; 95%CI:2.05-3.12) and living in the northern Italy (aOR 2.25; 95%CI:1.80-2.81) were the variables more strongly associated with an increased likelihood of frequent awakenings in the binomial logistic regression, while sleeping alone was associated with a decreased chance (aOR 0.62; 95%CI 0.45-0.89). A short sleep duration (<11 h/day) was reported for 801 (26.9 %) at 12 months, for 743 (25.0 %) at 24 months of age; in 383 cases, the short sleep duration was reported at both time points. An association was observed between frequent awakenings at 12 or 24 months and short sleep duration (OR 1.23; 95%CI 1.05-1.44 -ꭓ2 6.25, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS The current study identified some early predictors of frequent awakenings during the first two years of life. Since optimal sleep practices in children are essential for their development, effective, early interventions must be defined and integrated into pediatric care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Segre
- Medical Epidemiology Department¸ Laboratory of Child Health and Development Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Clavenna
- Medical Epidemiology Department¸ Laboratory of Child Health and Development Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa Roberti
- Medical Epidemiology Department¸ Laboratory of Child Health and Development Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Campi
- Medical Epidemiology Department¸ Laboratory of Child Health and Development Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Bonati
- Medical Epidemiology Department¸ Laboratory of Child Health and Development Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Cook G, Carter B, Wiggs L, Southam S. Parental sleep-related practices and sleep in children aged 1-3 years: a systematic review. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14120. [PMID: 38131158 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The current systematic review sought to identify the relationship between the range of different parental sleep-related practices that had been explored in relations to child sleep outcomes in children aged 1-3 years. A systematic literature review was carried out in CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, PsycArticles, PsycInfo, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as relevant grey literature in August 2022 using the terms; population (children, aged 1-3 years), exposure (parental sleep-related practice) and outcome (child sleep). Any quantitative study published between 2010 and 2022 that explored the relationship between parental sleep-related practices and the sleep of children aged 1-3 years were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was employed to quality appraise included studies and results were narratively synthesised. In all, 16 longitudinal and cross-sectional quantitative studies met inclusion criteria. Parental presence or physical involvement, as well as broader parental practices including using screens or devices at bedtime and night-time breastfeeding were all related to poorer child sleep outcomes. Consistent and relaxing routines, sleeping in a cot, and spending all night in their own sleep location were associated with better child sleep outcomes. Acknowledging the plethora of diverse parental sleep-related practices, which may have varying relationships with child sleep outcomes, could be usefully considered in theoretical models and to inform clinical practice. Issues of definitional and measurement ambiguity are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Cook
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernie Carter
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Lancashire, UK
| | - Luci Wiggs
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Shannon Southam
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Kruse SP, D'Souza L, Tuncer HGG, Stewart SE. Sources of attitudes towards parent-child co-sleeping and their effects: A systematic scoping review. FAMILY PROCESS 2024. [PMID: 38837802 DOI: 10.1111/famp.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Parent-child co-sleeping is a common practice in many cultures, although in Western countries, families who engage in parent-child co-sleeping can encounter attitudes about co-sleeping that feel critical from the people around them, as it is not commonly accepted and often stigmatized. This systematic scoping review examined and synthesized the available literature on the attitudes about parent-child co-sleeping that people encounter, their origins, and their effect on parents' own attitudes and behaviors. A total of 9796 abstracts were screened, and 33 studies were included. While the scope of the literature on this topic was narrow, this review demonstrated that parents/caregivers mostly encounter encouraging attitudes about co-sleeping from their extended family members and within their culture and discouraging attitudes from healthcare professionals. Findings suggest that encouraging attitudes enhance the likelihood of parents engaging and continuing with co-sleeping behavior, while discouraging attitudes can lead to the avoidance of parents discussing sleep with their healthcare professionals and can cause conflicts with other family members, including partners. Based on these findings, we conclude that further research is needed in several areas related to co-sleeping in Western culture, most specifically in how external attitudes influence the decision to co-sleep, as well as other behaviors and cognitions such as engagement with healthcare professionals, family satisfaction, parental self-efficacy, and overall mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P Kruse
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Levita D'Souza
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah G G Tuncer
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra E Stewart
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Inoue M, Nakajima S, Inada N, Oi H, Sato N, Miyazaki Y, Takashina H, Tagaya H, Adachi Y, Kuga H. Development of the Parenting Behavior Checklist to Promote Preschoolers' Sleep (PCPP). Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:275-284. [PMID: 37545146 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2241590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop the Parenting Behavior Checklist to Promote Preschoolers' sleep (PCPP), quantify sleep-promoting parenting behaviors for children, and examine the scale's reliability and validity. METHODS The PCPP was developed based on the recommendations of the ABCs of SLEEPING for children's sleep, which is strongly supported by research evidence. Its validity and reliability were evaluated using data from 140 participants. Structural validity was estimated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's α. Hypothesis testing was evaluated by analyzing the correlations between each factor of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P) and the PCPP. RESULTS Regarding structural validity, EFA was conducted because CFA showed a poor model fit. The PCPP comprised one factor and six items. The JSQ-P subfactors of insomnia or circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, undesirable morning symptoms and behaviors, and insufficient sleep were moderately negatively correlated with the PCPP; the subfactor of undesirable daytime behaviors related to sleep problems was weakly negatively correlated with the PCPP. Thus, the sleep-promoting parenting behaviors listed in the PCPP were associated with better sleep in children. CONCLUSIONS The PCPP showed sufficient reliability and validity. Future studies should use the scale to examine more effective interventions regarding sleep-promoting parental behaviors for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Inoue
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shun Nakajima
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Inada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Psychology and Sociology, Taisho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Oi
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Sato
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Miyazaki
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikari Takashina
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokuni Tagaya
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Pretorius K, Kang S, Choi E. Photos Shared on Facebook in the Context of Safe Sleep Recommendations: Content Analysis of Images. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e54610. [PMID: 38659146 PMCID: PMC11063578 DOI: 10.2196/54610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) remains a leading cause of infant mortality; therefore, understanding parental practices of infant sleep at home is essential. Since social media analyses yield invaluable patient perspectives, understanding sleep practices in the context of safe sleep recommendations via a Facebook mothers' group is instrumental for policy makers, health care providers, and researchers. Objective This study aimed to identify photos shared by mothers discussing SUID and safe sleep online and assess their consistency with infant sleep guidelines per the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). We hypothesized the photos would not be consistent with guidelines based on prior research and increasing rates of accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. Methods Data were extracted from a Facebook mothers' group in May 2019. After trialing various search terms, searching for the term "SIDS" on the selected Facebook group resulted in the most relevant discussions on SUID and safe sleep. The resulting data, including 20 posts and 912 comments among 512 mothers, were extracted and underwent qualitative descriptive content analysis. In completing the extraction and subsequent analysis, 24 shared personal photos were identified among the discussions. Of the photos, 14 pertained to the infant sleep environment. Photos of the infant sleep environment were then assessed for consistency with safe sleep guidelines per the AAP standards by 2 separate reviewers. Results Of the shared photos relating to the infant sleep environment, 86% (12/14) were not consistent with AAP safe sleep guidelines. Specific inconsistencies included prone sleeping, foreign objects in the sleeping environment, and use of infant sleeping devices. Use of infant monitoring devices was also identified. Conclusions This study is unique because the photos originated from the home setting, were in the context of SUID and safe sleep, and were obtained without researcher interference. Despite study limitations, the commonality of prone sleeping, foreign objects, and the use of both infant sleep and monitoring devices (ie, overall inconsistency regarding AAP safe sleep guidelines) sets the stage for future investigation regarding parental barriers to practicing safe infant sleep and has implications for policy makers, clinicians, and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Pretorius
- School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sookja Kang
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Eunju Choi
- School of Nursing, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
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Boedker I, Ball HL, Richter M, South TL, Roberts SGB. Construction of the Views oN Infant Sleep (VNIS) Questionnaire. Early Hum Dev 2024; 191:105989. [PMID: 38513547 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.105989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Parents' beliefs about infant sleep behaviour vary over time and across cultures. No validated instrument exists to understand parents' pre- and postnatal views on infant sleep behaviours, which may influence their caregiving decisions. The Views oN Infant Sleep Questionnaire (VNIS) will be a tool to assess parents' beliefs in order to facilitate tailored perinatal care, increase the reliability of postnatal self-report measures, allow for cross-cultural comparisons, and provide a baseline for researchers to use in longitudinal studies. We recruited an online sample of 971 female participants who were resident in the United Kingdom, at least 28 weeks pregnant, and at least 18 years of age. The initial questionnaire consisted of 31 questions about infant independence, night-waking, infant feeding, touch, and safety, and items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The item pool was reduced to 12 using principal component analysis and a structure was found for the three components "Closeness", "Independence", and "Night-waking". Overall, these results suggest that the VNIS can provide a brief scale to measure different aspects of individuals' beliefs about infant sleep. In further research the VNIS needs to be validated with a confirmatory factor analysis in another sample, and to be tested as a cross-cultural instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Boedker
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Helen L Ball
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Richter
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Tina L South
- School of Nursing and Allied Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sam G B Roberts
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Yoshida M, Ikeda A, Adachi H. Contributions of the light environment and co-sleeping to sleep consolidation into nighttime in early infants: A pilot study. Early Hum Dev 2024; 189:105923. [PMID: 38218083 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep consolidation into nighttime is considered the primary goal of sleep development in early infants. However, factors contributing to sleep consolidation into nighttime remain unclear. AIM To clarify the influences of the light environment and nighttime co-sleeping on sleep consolidation into nighttime in early infants. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sleep-wake time and light stimulation were measured in infants for 4 consecutive days using actigraphy. The infants' mothers were asked to complete a sleep events diary and a questionnaire about childcare, including "co-sleeping", defined as when the infant and mother slept on the same surface throughout the night. OUTCOME MEASURES The data were analyzed with a focus on daytime and nighttime sleep parameters. RESULTS Daytime light stimulation reduced daytime "active sleep", tended to reduce daytime sleep, and increased daytime waking. Nighttime light stimulation reduced nighttime "quiet sleep" and nighttime sleep and increased nighttime waking. Co-sleeping reduced nighttime waking, and, as a result, nighttime sleep time and sleep efficiency increased. Co-sleeping reduced daytime sleep and tended to increase daytime waking. Consequently, co-sleeping tended to increase the ratio of nighttime sleep to daytime sleep. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that an appropriate light environment promotes daytime waking and nighttime sleep in early infants, but it does not contribute to sleep consolidation into nighttime by itself. On the other hand, co-sleeping may promote sleep consolidation into nighttime. Therefore, further methods for safe co-sleeping need to be established while avoiding risk factors for sudden unexpected death in infancy/sudden infant death syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yoshida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Maternity Child Nursing, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Science, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Atsuko Ikeda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
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Ricciardo BM, Kessaris HL, Nannup N, Tilbrook D, Farrant B, Michie C, Hansen L, Douglas R, Walton J, Poore A, Whelan A, Barnett TC, Kumarasinghe PS, Carapetis JR, Bowen AC. Describing skin health and disease in urban-living Aboriginal children: co-design, development and feasibility testing of the Koolungar Moorditj Healthy Skin pilot project. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:6. [PMID: 38200545 PMCID: PMC10782716 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous children in colonised nations experience high rates of health disparities linked to historical trauma resulting from displacement and dispossession, as well as ongoing systemic racism. Skin infections and their complications are one such health inequity, with the highest global burden described in remote-living Australian Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (hereafter respectfully referred to as Aboriginal) children. Yet despite increasing urbanisation, little is known about the skin infection burden for urban-living Aboriginal children. More knowledge is needed to inform service provision, treatment guidelines and community-wide healthy skin strategies. In this pilot study, we aimed to test the feasibility and design of larger multi-site observational studies, provide initial descriptions of skin disease frequency and generate preliminary hypotheses of association. METHODS This project has been co-designed with local (Noongar) Elders to provide an Australian-first description of skin health and disease in urban-living Aboriginal children. In collaboration with an urban Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (Derbarl Yerrigan Health Service), we conducted a week-long cross-sectional observational cohort study of Aboriginal children (0-18 years) recruited from the waiting room. Participants completed a questionnaire, skin examination, clinical photos, and swabs and received appropriate treatment. We assessed the feasibility and impact of the pilot study. RESULTS From 4 to 8 October 2021, we recruited 84 Aboriginal children of whom 80 (95%) were urban-living. With a trusted Aboriginal Health Practitioner leading recruitment, most parents (or caregivers) who were approached consented to participate. Among urban-living children, over half (45/80, 56%) of parents described a current concern with their child's skin, hair and/or nails; and one-third (26/80, 33%) reported current itchy skin. Using a research-service model, 27% (21/79) of examined urban-living participants received opportunistic same-day treatment and 18% (14/79) were referred for later review. CONCLUSIONS This co-designed pilot study to understand skin health in urban-living Aboriginal children was feasible and acceptable, with high study participation and subsequent engagement in clinical care observed. Co-design and the strong involvement of Aboriginal people to lead and deliver the project was crucial. The successful pilot has informed larger, multi-site observational studies to more accurately answer questions of disease burden and inform the development of healthy skin messages for urban-living Aboriginal children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette M Ricciardo
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
- Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Heather-Lynn Kessaris
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Noel Nannup
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Dale Tilbrook
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Maalingup Aboriginal Gallery, Caversham, WA, Australia
| | - Brad Farrant
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Carol Michie
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Lorraine Hansen
- Derbarl Yerrigan Health Services Aboriginal Corporation, East Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richelle Douglas
- Derbarl Yerrigan Health Services Aboriginal Corporation, East Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jacinta Walton
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ainslie Poore
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Alexandra Whelan
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Timothy C Barnett
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan R Carapetis
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Asha C Bowen
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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12
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Pal E, Blackwell JE, Ball HL, Collings PJ. Sociodemographic, temporal and bedtime routine correlates of sleep timing and duration in South Asian and white children: A Born in Bradford study. Sleep Med X 2023; 5:100068. [PMID: 37033692 PMCID: PMC10074244 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to examine sociodemographic, temporal and bedtime routine correlates of parent-reported sleep duration and timing in a biethnic sample of 18 month and 36 month old children from a disadvantaged location. Methods Between October 2010 and September 2012, parents completed a bespoke three day sleep diary when their child was approximately 18 months (n = 276) and 36 months of age (n = 262) (45.1% South Asian; 54.9% white). Parents reported their child's overnight sleep duration (h/day), the time their child fell asleep, their wake time and their child's bedtime and napping routines. Data were available at both time points for 135 children. Results In line with previous literature, South Asian children had shorter overnight sleep duration and later sleep and wake times than white children. In both ethnic groups, children slept and woke up later on weekends, and children went to bed earlier and slept longer in winter. In white children only, napping duration was associated with overnight sleep period. No significant associations were found between napping frequency and overnight sleep duration. Based on parent-reported data, children who consistently adhered to regular bedtimes and had set times for sleeping tended to go to sleep earlier, wake earlier and have longer overnight sleep. Conclusions The data showed parent-reported variation in sleep patterns between two ethnic groups within a single geographical and deprived area. It is important that researchers, clinicians and early years workers are considerate of cultural norms in sleep practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Pal
- Better Start Bradford, Bradford Trident, Mayfield Centre, Broadway Ave, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Helen L. Ball
- Durham Infancy & Sleep Centre, Department of Anthropology, Durham University, UK
| | - Paul J. Collings
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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13
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Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Imkamp NLE, van Houtum L, Vrijkotte TGM, Ben Haddi-Toutouh Y, Chinapaw MJM. Parental Discontent with Infant Sleep During the First Two Years of Life. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:727-740. [PMID: 36625550 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2022.2156867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic sleep in infants can have a high impact on families. We examined parental discontent with infant sleep in the first six months of life and parent-perceived problematic sleep during the second year of life. METHODS We used Sarphati Cohort data of 1471 children. During periodic youth health care visits in the first six months of life, professionals registered parental discontent with infant sleep. In the second year of life, parents filled out the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ), from which we defined parent-perceived problematic sleep and BISQ-defined problematic sleep. We examined the association of parental discontent with infant sleep during the first six months with both BISQ-derived outcomes up to age two, using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 26% of parents were discontented with infant sleep during the first six months of life. During the second year of life, 27% of the parents perceived their child's sleep as problematic, and 9% of the infants had BISQ-defined problematic sleep. Early parental discontent with infant sleep was associated with parent-perceived problematic sleep [adjusted OR 2.50 (95% CI 1.91-3.28)], and BISQ-defined problematic sleep [adjusted OR 1.88 (1.11-3.17)]. CONCLUSIONS Early registered parental discontent with infant sleep was a predictor of parent-perceived problematic sleep in early toddlerhood. Registering parental discontent during infancy might enable professionals to identify a group of infants at risk for later problematic sleep. We recommend screening and parental support for sleep difficulties in an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margreet W Harskamp-van Ginkel
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola L E Imkamp
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Houtum
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mai J M Chinapaw
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan The Netherlands
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14
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Mazandarani AA, Zare Bahramabadi M. What is the Sleep Pattern of Infants and Toddlers in the Iranian Population? An Epidemiological Study. Sleep Sci 2023; 16:e284-e293. [PMID: 38196762 PMCID: PMC10773510 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify sleep patterns and sleep behaviors in a group of infants and toddlers (0 to 36 months) in Iran. Methods Parents and caregivers of 602 infants and toddlers in Iran completed a Persian translation of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. To assess the differences among the age groups, non-parametric statistical approaches such as the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were employed. Results The infants and toddlers went to bed relatively late (22:30), and the median night awakening was 2 times (20 min). They most likely slept in the same room with their parents (55.5%), and commonly in the same bed (18.9%). They slept a median of 11.50 hours per day. A significant percentage of the parents felt that their child had moderate or severe sleep problems (22.4%). These children's sleep patterns had significant developmental changes, including decreased daytime sleep, reduced overall sleep, and increased sleep consolidation (reduced number and duration of night awakenings and increased overall sleep duration). The parents commonly used holding-and-rocking and bottle/breastfeeding to initiate infants' sleep and bottle/breastfeeding to resume their infants' sleep. Discussion These findings provide reference data for professionals to assess sleep in children under 3 years of age and also supply knowledge about common parenting practices related to a child's sleep. Cross-cultural comparisons using the findings can offer new insights into the practices and behaviors of parents concerning infant and toddler sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ali Mazandarani
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The Institute for Research and Development in the Humanities (SAMT), Behavioral Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Williamson AA, Amin RS, Meltzer LJ, Laposky A, Fiks AG, Tapia IE. Defining and Promoting Pediatric Pulmonary Health: Understanding Sleep and Ventilatory Health. Pediatrics 2023; 152:e2023062292D. [PMID: 37656027 PMCID: PMC10484307 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062292d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy sleep and optimal ventilatory control begin in early development and are crucial for positive child outcomes. This paper summarizes information presented at the Sleep and Ventilatory Control sessions of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood-sponsored 2021 Defining and Promoting Pediatric Pulmonary Health workshop. These sessions focused on pediatric sleep health, screening for sleep health and sleep disorders in primary care using the electronic health record, infant sleep and ventilatory control, and home sleep testing. Throughout this summary, we discuss key gaps in and barriers to promoting sleep and ventilatory health that were identified during the workshop sessions. We conclude with strategies to address these gaps and barriers and directions for future multidisciplinary research, patient care, and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A. Williamson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raouf S. Amin
- Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Aaron Laposky
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander G. Fiks
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ignacio E. Tapia
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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16
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Li Y, Lin S, Cheslack-Postava K, Tang H, Fan F, Hoven CW. Racial and ethnic disparities in insufficient sleep among US in infants and preschoolers. Sleep Health 2023; 9:268-276. [PMID: 36813679 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine racial and ethnic disparities and associated factors of insufficient sleep among children from infancy to preschool-aged. METHODS We analyzed parent-reported data on US children ages 4 months-5 years (n = 13,975) from the 2018 and 2019 National Survey of Children's Health. Children who slept less than the age-specific minimum hours recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine were classified as having insufficient sleep. Logistic regression was used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (AOR). RESULTS An estimated 34.3% of children from infancy to preschool-aged experienced insufficient sleep. Socioeconomic factors (poverty [AOR] = 1.5, parents' education level [AORs] from 1.3 to 1.5); parent-child interaction variables (AORs from 1.4 to 1.6); breast feeding status (AOR = 1.5); family structure (AORs from 1.5 to 4.4); and weeknight bedtime regularity (AORs from 1.3 to 3.0) were significantly associated with having insufficient sleep. Non-Hispanic Black (OR = 3.2) and Hispanic children (OR = 1.6) had significantly higher odds of insufficient sleep compared to non-Hispanic White children. Racial and ethnic disparities in insufficient sleep between non-Hispanic White children and Hispanic children were largely attenuated by adjusting for social economic factors. However, the difference in insufficient sleep between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White children remains (AOR = 1.6) after adjusting socioeconomic and other factors. CONCLUSIONS More than one-third of the sample reported insufficient sleep. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables, racial disparities in insufficient sleep decreased but persistent disparities existed. Further research is warranted to examine other factors and develop interventions to address multilevel factors and improve sleep health among racial and ethnic minority group children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, China; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- Center for Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Keely Cheslack-Postava
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Huilan Tang
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia Univresity, USA.
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17
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Abstract
This article reviews disparities in pediatric sleep health and sleep disorders from early childhood through adolescence (birth to age 18 years). Sleep health is a multidimensional construct including sleep duration, consolidation, and other domains, whereas sleep disorders reflect both behaviorally (eg, insomnia) and medically based (eg, sleep disordered breathing) sleep diagnoses. Using a socioecological framework, we review multilevel (ie, child, family, school, health-care system, neighborhood, and sociocultural) factors linked to sleep health disparities. Mechanistic research and studies using an intersectional lens to understand overlapping marginalized identities are needed to inform multilevel interventions to promote sleep health equity in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lupini
- Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, 6 Floor CTR Suite, Room M7658, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Ariel A Williamson
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South Street Boulevard, Room 8202, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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18
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Marakovitz SE, Sheldrick RC, Copeland WE, Restrepo B, Hastedt I, Carpenter KLH, McGinnis EW, Egger HL. Associations of preschool reactive bed-sharing with sociodemographic factors, sleep disturbance, and psychopathology. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:62. [PMID: 37198711 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To advance understanding of early childhood bed-sharing and its clinical significance, we examined reactive bed-sharing rates, sociodemographic correlates, persistence, and concurrent and longitudinal associations with sleep disturbances and psychopathology. METHODS Data from a representative cohort of 917 children (mean age 3.8 years) recruited from primary pediatric clinics in a Southeastern city for a preschool anxiety study were used. Sociodemographics and diagnostic classifications for sleep disturbances and psychopathology were obtained using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA), a structured diagnostic interview administered to caregivers. A subsample of 187 children was re-assessed approximately 24.7 months after the initial PAPA interview. RESULTS Reactive bed-sharing was reported by 38.4% of parents, 22.9% nightly and 15.5% weekly, and declined with age. At follow-up, 48.9% of nightly bed-sharers and 88.7% of weekly bed-sharers were no longer bed-sharing. Sociodemographics associated with nightly bed-sharing were Black and (combined) American Indian, Alaska Native and Asian race and ethnicity, low income and parent education less than high school. Concurrently, bed-sharing nightly was associated with separation anxiety and sleep terrors; bed-sharing weekly was associated with sleep terrors and difficulty staying asleep. No longitudinal associations were found between reactive bed-sharing and sleep disturbances or psychopathology after controlling for sociodemographics, baseline status of the outcome and time between interviews. CONCLUSIONS Reactive bed-sharing is relatively common among preschoolers, varies significantly by sociodemographic factors, declines during the preschool years and is more persistent among nightly than weekly bed-sharers. Reactive bed-sharing may be an indicator of sleep disturbances and/or anxiety but there is no evidence that bed-sharing is an antecedent or consequence of sleep disturbances or psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Marakovitz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Christopher Sheldrick
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William E Copeland
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth and Families, University of Vermont, 1 S. Prospect Street, Burlington, VT, 05401, USA.
| | | | - Ingrid Hastedt
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly L H Carpenter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ellen W McGinnis
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth and Families, University of Vermont, 1 S. Prospect Street, Burlington, VT, 05401, USA
| | - Helen L Egger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hassenfeld Children's Hopsital at NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Murata Y, Sakakibara H. Neck Hair-Thread Tourniquet Syndrome by Co-sleeping With Family: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e39620. [PMID: 37256166 PMCID: PMC10226386 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neck hair-thread tourniquet syndrome (NHTTS) is a rare condition that can be a pediatric emergency, occurring when a hair or thread becomes tightly wrapped around a body part, leading to vascular or tissue damage. NHTTS commonly affects infants and young children and can result in severe complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. The unusual nature of this event, the diffuse petechial hemorrhage on the face, and the presentation of ligature marks extending around the neck led us to admit the child to the general pediatric ward for follow-up and further investigation of the possibility of non-accidental trauma. Co-sleeping is a common cultural practice in Japan where parents sleep in close proximity to their infants. This case report aims to raise awareness among pediatricians and parents about the possibility of NHTTS occurring in infants who co-sleep, particularly when a strand of hair becomes entangled around their neck, about the early detection and appropriate management of NHTTS. And we also summarize the reported NHTTS cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Murata
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Hiroshi Sakakibara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, JPN
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20
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Yamaguchi M, Ishibashi M, Moriguchi Y, Mitsuishi H, Itakura S. Exploring role of sleep aids in sleep problems in preschool children. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6612. [PMID: 37095165 PMCID: PMC10125968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that children use sleep aids, such as blankets or soft toys, at bedtime. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors associated with their use and role in addressing sleep problems. This study investigated 96 Japanese children aged 40 to 47 months to examine these associations. We measured children's stress (through a questionnaire and salivary cortisol [cortisol awakening response]), anxiety symptoms, behavioral problems, and temperament, and created a model to predict the status of sleep aid use. Furthermore, we explored the association between sleep aid use and children's sleep problems as evaluated by their caregivers. We found that children who used sleep aids were more likely to experience anxiety symptoms. Moreover, most children used sleep aids even when they co-slept with their caregivers and/or siblings. Their use was not uniquely associated with sleep problems. These findings suggest that sleep aid serves as a defense against anxiety, including that caused by the absence of a caregiver, rather than as a substitute for a caregiver. Our study sheds light on their role and emphasizes the importance of viewing development within the complex interactive processes of humans and objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yamaguchi
- Center for Baby Science, Doshisha University, Kizugawadai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto, 619-0225, Japan.
| | - Mikako Ishibashi
- Department of Psychology and Humanities, Edogawa University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Mitsuishi
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoji Itakura
- Center for Baby Science, Doshisha University, Kizugawadai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto, 619-0225, Japan
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21
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Breda M, Belli A, Esposito D, Di Pilla A, Melegari MG, DelRosso L, Malorgio E, Doria M, Ferri R, Bruni O. Sleep habits and sleep disorders in Italian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:659-672. [PMID: 36661089 PMCID: PMC10071380 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim was to describe sleep habits and epidemiology of the most common sleep disorders in Italian children and adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in which parents of typically developing children and adolescents (1-18 years) completed an online survey available in Italy, gathering retrospective information focusing on sleep habits and disorders. RESULTS Respondents were 4,321 typically developing individuals (48.6% females). Most of our sample did not meet the age-specific National Sleep Foundation recommendations for total sleep duration (31.9% of toddlers, 71.5% of preschoolers, 61.6% of school-age children, and 41.3% of adolescents). Napping was described in 92.6% of toddlers and in 35.2% of preschoolers. Regarding geographical differences, children and adolescents of northern Italy showed more frequent earlier bedtimes and rise times than their peers of central and southern Italy. The most frequently reported sleep disorder in our sample was restless sleep (35.6%), followed by difficulties falling asleep (16.8%), > 2 night awakenings (9.9%), and bruxism (9.6%). Data also suggest that longer screen time is associated with later bedtimes on weekdays in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS The current study shows that Italian children are at risk of sleep disorders, particularly insufficient sleep, restless sleep, and difficulty falling asleep. The study also provides normative sleep data by age group in a large cohort of typically developing Italian children, emphasizing the importance of the developmentally, ecologically, and culturally based evaluation of sleep habits and disorders. CITATION Breda M, Belli A, Esposito D, et al. Sleep habits and sleep disorders in Italian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(4):659-672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Breda
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Belli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Esposito
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Pilla
- Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Hygiene Section, Medicine and Surgery “A. Gemelli”—Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Melegari
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Lourdes DelRosso
- Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Emanuela Malorgio
- Italian Federation of Primary Care Pediatricians (Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri [FIMP]), Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia Doria
- Italian Federation of Primary Care Pediatricians (Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri [FIMP]), Venice, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
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22
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Leung MHB, Ngan STJ, Cheng PWC, Chan FCG, Chang WC, Cheung HK, Ho C, Lee CKK, Tang YCV, Wong SMC, Chan KLP. Sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1088209. [PMID: 37139314 PMCID: PMC10149766 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1088209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a growing prevalence of sleep problems associated with significant behavioral problems and more severe autism clinical presentation. Little is known about the relationships between autism traits and sleep problems in Hong Kong. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether children with autism have increased sleep problems than non-autistic children in Hong Kong. The secondary objective was to examine the factors associated with sleep problems in an autism clinical sample. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 135 children with autism and 102 with the same age range of non-autistic children, aged between 6 and 12 years. Both groups were screened and compared on their sleep behaviors using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Results Children with autism had significantly more sleep problems than non-autistic children [t (226.73) = 6.20, p < 0.001]. Bed -sharing [beta = 0.25, t (165) = 2.75, p = 0.07] and maternal age at birth [beta = 0.15, t (165) = 2.05, p = 0.043] were significant factors associated with CSHQ score on the top of autism traits. Stepwise linear regression modeling identified that only separation anxiety disorder (beta = 4.83, t = 2.40, p = 0.019) best-predicted CSHQ. Conclusion In summary, autistic children suffered from significantly more sleep problems and co-occurring separation anxiety disorder brings greater sleep problems as compared to non-autistic children. Clinicians should be more aware of sleep problems to provide more effective treatments to children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Ho Brian Leung
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Pak Wing Calvin Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Pak Wing Calvin Cheng
| | | | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Kei Cheung
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chung Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Kei Krystal Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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23
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Chen X, Xu P, Chen Y, Chen S, Yao Y, Lin X. Validation of the sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) in infants and toddlers from mainland China. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:987304. [PMID: 36440431 PMCID: PMC9693761 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.987304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) has been validated in the population of Chinese children (aged 5-16 years) and has good psychometric properties. However, valid assessment tools for sleep problems in the population of infants and young children from mainland China are relatively scarce, and rates of screening and management for pediatric sleep problems are low. Objective This study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of SDSC among infants (aged 6-36 months), and to provide a reference for expanding the application of the SDSC for Chinese infants (SDSC-I). Materials and methods From April to November 2021, parents of infants from Fuzhou, Quanzhou, Longyan, Sanming, and Nanping cities in Fujian Province, China completed the SDSC-I. Several factor analyses were performed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results Of note, 432 out of 469 samples were valid. After item selections and exploratory factor analyses, the SDSC-I concluded six dimensions (disorders of initiating sleep, disorders of maintaining sleep, sleep hyperhidrosis, sleep breathing disorders, parasomnias, and non-restorative sleep and excessive somnolence) with 23 items. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.863, and those for the six dimensions were within 0.576-0.835. The values of parameters for content validity of the scale were: IR = 0.87, I-CVI > 0.78, Kappa value > 0.74, S-CVI/UA = 0.87, S-CVI/Ave = 0.98. Principal component analysis revealed that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was 0.84, and the factor loading of items ranged from 0.328 to 0.849, with six factors of eigenvalue more than one, which could explain 58.274% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that χ2/DF was 3.556, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.077, comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.809, and standardized RMR (SRMR) was 0.070. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that the SDSC-I is reliable and valid, and it is effective for the screening and management of sleep disturbances among infants (aged 6-36 months). Compared with other questionnaires such as the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ), it is worthy of popularization and application in pediatric primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrui Chen
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Xiamen Rehabilitation Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Fujian Family Planning Association, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Yao
- Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Landsem IP, Cheetham NB. Infant sleep as a topic in healthcare guidance of parents, prenatally and the first 6 months after birth: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1135. [PMID: 36076290 PMCID: PMC9454198 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This scoping review focuses on infant sleep-related factors and themes that are relevant when health practitioners provide preventive health services to expectant and new parents. Methods A systematic literature search in CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO, published in 2010 or later, identified 1661 records. The search was further narrowed to focus on sleep in healthy term-born infants until the second half of the first year of life. A blinded review by both authors covered 136 papers, of which 43 papers were reviewed in the full text. Finally, 38 articles were included in the data extraction. Results The analysis process showed that the selected studies formed three main information categories: 11 studies thematised safe infant sleep issues, 10 studies described design and findings from sleep-related intervention studies, and 17 studies focused on different parent-child interactive aspects that may influence the quality and duration of infant sleep in the first six months of life. The main finding is that knowledge about early infant sleep is very complex, and includes both child, parent, and environmental factors. Several studies have shown that the concepts and factors related to safe infant sleep also influence the development of healthy infant sleep patterns. Thus, these aspects are interwoven with each other and should be addressed together in communication with parents. Conclusions Health practitioners with different professional backgrounds need to search for an agreement on when and how different aspects of sleep-related knowledge should be communicated to new and expectant parents to enable the design of national follow-up programs. Parents want coherent and personalized services regarding infant sleep issues that may allow them to choose sleeping arrangements, routines, and behaviors that fit in with their sociocultural attitudes and traditions. Many different sources and formats may be used to empower parents regarding infant sleep issues. Studies have described the use of group or individual meetings, videos, and written materials. The key issue is the importance of consistent and seamless knowledge-based services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Pauline Landsem
- The Arctic University of Norway, The Health Research Faculty, Institute of Health and Caring Science, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019, Tromsø, Norway. .,Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusvegen 38, 9019, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Nina Bøhle Cheetham
- The Arctic University of Norway, The Health Research Faculty, Institute of Health and Caring Science, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
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Namageyo-Funa A, Ruffin JD, Killerby ME, Jalloh MF, Scott C, Lindell K, Silver M, Matanock A, Soto RA, Donnelly MAP, Schwartz NG, Chuey MR, Chu VT, Beatty ME, Totten SE, Hudziec MM, Tate JE, Kirking HL, Hsu CH. Behaviors Associated With Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in California and Colorado, January 2021-April 2021. AJPM FOCUS 2022; 1:100004. [PMID: 36942013 PMCID: PMC9069230 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2022.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Mitigation behaviors are key to preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We identified the behaviors associated with secondary transmission from confirmed SARS-CoV-2 primary cases to household contacts and described the characteristics associated with reporting these behaviors. Methods Households with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections were recruited in California and Colorado from January to April 2021. Self-reported behaviors and demographics were collected through interviews. We investigated behaviors associated with transmission and individual and household characteristics associated with behaviors using univariable and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for household clustering. Results Among household contacts of primary cases, 43.3% (133 of 307) became infected with SARS-CoV-2. When an adjusted analysis was conducted, household contacts who slept in the same bedroom with the primary case (AOR=2.19; 95% CI=1.25, 3.84) and ate food prepared by the primary case (AOR=1.98; 95% CI=1.02, 3.87) had increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Household contacts in homes ≤2,000 square feet had increased odds of sleeping in the same bedroom as the primary case compared with those in homes >2,000 square feet (AOR=3.97; 95% CI=1.73, 9.10). Parents, siblings, and other relationships (extended family, friends, or roommates) of the primary case had decreased odds of eating food prepared by the primary case compared with partners. Conclusions Sleeping in the same bedroom as the primary case and eating food prepared by the primary case were associated with secondary transmission. Household dimension and relationship to the primary case were associated with these behaviors. Our findings encourage innovative means to promote adherence to mitigation measures that reduce household transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apophia Namageyo-Funa
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jasmine D Ruffin
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Abt Associates, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marie E Killerby
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mohamed F Jalloh
- Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Colleen Scott
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kristine Lindell
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Margaret Silver
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Almea Matanock
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Raymond A Soto
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marisa A P Donnelly
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Noah G Schwartz
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Meagan R Chuey
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- County of San Diego Health & Human Services Agency, San Diego, California
| | - Victoria T Chu
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mark E Beatty
- County of San Diego Health & Human Services Agency, San Diego, California
| | | | - Meghan M Hudziec
- Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment, Denver, Colorado
| | - Jacqueline E Tate
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hannah L Kirking
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Christopher H Hsu
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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26
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Adaptive Solutions to the Problem of Vulnerability During Sleep. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSleep is a behavioral state whose quantity and quality represent a trade-off between the costs and benefits this state provides versus the costs and benefits of wakefulness. Like many species, we humans are particularly vulnerable during sleep because of our reduced ability to monitor the external environment for nighttime predators and other environmental dangers. A number of variations in sleep characteristics may have evolved over the course of human history to reduce this vulnerability, at both the individual and group level. The goals of this interdisciplinary review paper are (1) to explore a number of biological/instinctual features of sleep that may have adaptive utility in terms of enhancing the detection of external threats, and (2) to consider relatively recent cultural developments that improve vigilance and reduce vulnerability during sleep and the nighttime. This paper will also discuss possible benefits of the proposed adaptations beyond vigilance, as well as the potential costs associated with each of these proposed adaptations. Finally, testable hypotheses will be presented to evaluate the validity of these proposed adaptations.
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Teti DM, Fronberg KM, Fanton H, Crosby B. Infant sleep arrangements, infant-parent sleep, and parenting during the first six months post-partum. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 69:101756. [PMID: 36027627 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study of 124 families examined linkages between patterns of sleep arrangement use across the first 6 months post-partum and (a) family socio-demographics, (b) nighttime sleep of infants, mothers, and fathers, and (c) coparenting distress, and mothers' emotional availability with infants and bedtime. Families were recruited when infants were 1-month-old, and infants were classified, from video data available at 3 and 6 months post-partum, into one of three sleep arrangement pattern groups: Solitary sleep, cosleeping, and cosleeping (at 3 months)-to-solitary sleep (at 6 months). Mothers in cosleeping arrangements were more likely to be at higher socioeconomic risk, non-White, unemployed, and to have completed fewer years of education. Controlling for these variables and for duration of breast feeding and parental depressive and anxiety symptoms, subsequent 3 (sleep arrangement pattern) X 2 (infant age: 3 and 6 months) mixed-model analyses of covariance revealed that sleep arrangement patterns were more robustly linked with maternal sleep than with infant and father sleep. Mothers in cosleeping arrangements experienced more fragmented sleep and greater variability in fragmented sleep relative to mothers of infants in solitary sleep, and fathers in cosleeping arrangements showed greater variability across the week in the number of minutes of nighttime sleep. Cosleeping was associated with mother reports of less positive and more negative coparenting, and mothers in cosleeping arrangements were independently observed to be less emotionally available with their infants at bedtime compared to mothers in the other two sleep arrangement groups. These linkages were largely upheld after statistically controlling for mothers' stated preference for sleep arrangements they were using.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Teti
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
| | - Kaitlin M Fronberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Heidi Fanton
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Brian Crosby
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
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Lyu J, Groeger JA, Barnett AL, Li H, Wang L, Zhang J, Du W, Hua J. Associations between gestational age and childhood sleep: a national retrospective cohort study. BMC Med 2022; 20:253. [PMID: 35934710 PMCID: PMC9358861 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both sleep quality and quantity are essential for normal brain development throughout childhood; however, the association between preterm birth and sleep problems in preschoolers is not yet clear, and the effects of gestational age across the full range from preterm to post-term have not been examined. Our study investigated the sleep outcomes of children born at very-preterm (<31 weeks), moderate-preterm (32-33 weeks), late-preterm (34-36 weeks), early-term (37-38 weeks), full-term (39-40 weeks), late-term (41 weeks) and post-term (>41 weeks). METHODS A national retrospective cohort study was conducted with 114,311 children aged 3-5 years old in China. Children's daily sleep hours and pediatric sleep disorders defined by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were reported by parents. Linear regressions and logistic regression models were applied to examine gestational age at birth with the sleep outcomes of children. RESULTS Compared with full-term children, a significantly higher CSHQ score, and hence worse sleep, was observed in very-preterm (β = 1.827), moderate-preterm (β = 1.409), late-preterm (β = 0.832), early-term (β = 0.233) and post-term (β = 0.831) children, all p<0.001. The association of pediatric sleep disorder (i.e. CSHQ scores>41) was also seen in very-preterm (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.287 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.157, 1.433)), moderate-preterm (AOR = 1.249 95% CI (1.110, 1.405)), late-preterm (AOR = 1.111 95% CI (1.052, 1.174)) and post-term (AOR = 1.139 95% CI (1.061, 1.222)), all p<0.001. Shorter sleep duration was also found in very-preterm (β = -0.303), moderate-preterm (β = -0.282), late-preterm (β = -0.201), early-term (β = -0.068) and post-term (β = -0.110) compared with full-term children, all p<0.01. Preterm and post-term-born children had different sleep profiles as suggested by subscales of the CSHQ. CONCLUSIONS Every degree of premature, early-term and post-term birth, compared to full-term, has an association with sleep disorders and shortened daily sleep duration. Preterm, early-term, and post-term should therefore all be monitored with an increased threat of sleep disorder that requires long-term monitoring for adverse sleep outcomes in preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Lyu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke Road, Shanghai, China
| | - John A Groeger
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU, UK
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Yangzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU, UK.
| | - Jing Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2699 Gaoke Road, Shanghai, China.
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Negayama K, Trevarthen C. A comparative study of mother-infant co-regulation of distance at home in Japan and Scotland. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 68:101741. [PMID: 35779387 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mothers and infants co-regulate their distance from one another at home. Continuous, naturalistic home observations of the changes in mother-infant distance were carried out in Japan and Scotland during infant ages of 0-1, 6-7, and 12-13 months. This study examined mutual distance-increasing and distance-reducing behaviours, referred to as parent-infant 'centrifugalism' and 'centripetalism'. Cultural differences emerged in the modes of mother-infant distance co-regulation. Scottish mothers were more active in initiating contact and leaving infants alone to sleep, whereas Japanese mothers showed stronger infant-centredness by maintaining physical contact with infants when they fell asleep and reacting to their crying when they woke up. Age differences were found relating to decrease in sleep and increase in object play in the middle of the first year, which resulted in more separation within a 0.5 m distance at 6-7 months, a compromise between closeness and distancing between mothers and awake infants. Cultural and age differences in the co-regulation of mother-infant distance were discussed in relation to the development of locomotion, object play, and intention-reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Negayama
- Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
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30
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Using complexity science to understand the role of co-sleeping (bedsharing) in mother-infant co-regulatory processes. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101723. [PMID: 35594598 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human infants spend most of their time sleeping, but over the first few years of life their sleep becomes regulated to coincide more closely with adult sleep (Galland et al., 2012; Paavonen et al., 2020). Evidence shows that co-sleeping played a role in the evolution of infant sleep regulation, as it is part of an ancient behavioral complex representing the biopsychosocial microenvironment in which human infants co-evolved with their mothers through millions of years of human history (Ball, 2003; McKenna 1986, 1990). This paper is a conceptual, interdisciplinary, integration of the literature on mother-infant co-sleeping and other mother-infant co-regulatory processes from an evolutionary (biological) perspective, using complexity science. Viewing the mother-infant dyad as a "complex adaptive system" (CAS) shows how the CAS fits assumptions of regulatory processes and reveals the role of the CAS in the ontogeny of mother-infant co-regulation of physiological (thermoregulation, breathing, circadian rhythm coordination, nighttime synchrony, and heart rate variability) and socioemotional (attachment and cortisol activity) development.
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Frankenhuis WE, Amir D. What is the expected human childhood? Insights from evolutionary anthropology. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:473-497. [PMID: 34924077 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In psychological research, there are often assumptions about the conditions that children expect to encounter during their development. These assumptions shape prevailing ideas about the experiences that children are capable of adjusting to, and whether their responses are viewed as impairments or adaptations. Specifically, the expected childhood is often depicted as nurturing and safe, and characterized by high levels of caregiver investment. Here, we synthesize evidence from history, anthropology, and primatology to challenge this view. We integrate the findings of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cross-cultural investigations on three forms of threat (infanticide, violent conflict, and predation) and three forms of deprivation (social, cognitive, and nutritional) that children have faced throughout human evolution. Our results show that mean levels of threat and deprivation were higher than is typical in industrialized societies, and that our species has experienced much variation in the levels of these adversities across space and time. These conditions likely favored a high degree of phenotypic plasticity, or the ability to tailor development to different conditions. This body of evidence has implications for recognizing developmental adaptations to adversity, for cultural variation in responses to adverse experiences, and for definitions of adversity and deprivation as deviation from the expected human childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem E Frankenhuis
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law, Germany
| | - Dorsa Amir
- Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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Abstract
Objective: Studies have shown that mothers sleeping with their babies have longer breastfeeding duration. Bedsharing (BS) is thought to be a risk factor for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The aim was to investigate the frequency of BS and roomsharing (RS) and the effect of those on breastfeeding during the first 2 years of life. Also to evaluate risk-bearing situations regarding sleep environment. Methods and Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study, with retrospective cohort features for the evaluation of some data. The setting was a Well-Child Clinic at Bakırköy Research and Training Hospital. The children were followed from the first month until survey. Feeding history was collected retrospectively from child health records. Parents were surveyed concerning sleeping location and sleeping arrangements with a questionnaire. The study encompassed 351 children and their families. Results: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was found to be 50.2% for the first 6 months of life and BS increased in exclusively breastfed infants. When breastfeeding continued after 6 months, the trend of increased BS through months was observed. RS, BS, and breastsleeping rates were 80.6%, 22.8%, 56.1%, respectively, in the whole cohort. Working mothers and mothers >35 years of age were significantly more likely to bedshare. Cigarette smoking in BS parents was identified as a child health risk. Unsafe sleep environment was found in 72.4% of the group. Conclusions: BS increases breastfeeding for the first 6 months. Families need guidance on safe sleeping practices and should be advised regarding avoidable risks and unsafe situations in BS. Parents should be counseled to make informed decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Kural
- Department of Pediatrics, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülbin Gökçay
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Istanbul University Institute of Child Health, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical School, İstanbul, Turkey
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刘 卓, 郭 玉, 宋 娟, 邹 丽, 马 丽. Sleep initiation patterns and their influence on sleep quality in infants and young children. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:297-302. [PMID: 35351261 PMCID: PMC8974649 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2111004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the current status of sleep initiation patterns, influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns, and the influence of sleep initiation patterns on sleep quality in infants and young children. METHODS A total of 521 infants and young children, aged 0-35 months, who underwent physical examination at the outpatient service of the Department of Growth and Development in Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University were enrolled as subjects. A self-designed questionnaire and Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect the information on family background, parenting behaviors, and sleep quality in the past one week. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of sleep initiation patterns on the number of nighttime awakenings. RESULTS Among the 521 infants and young children, 258 (49.5%) were breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep, 62 (11.9%) were rocked/held to initiate sleep, 39 (7.5%) slept independently, and 162 (31.1%) initiated sleep accompanied by parents. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the children with breastfeeding and a younger age were more likely to be breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep (P<0.05) and that the children with a younger age were also more likely to be rocked/held to initiate sleep (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding significantly increased the number of nighttime awakenings (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most infants and young children initiate sleep by being breastfed/bottle fed, rocked/held, or accompanied. The sleep initiation pattern is associated with the age of children and whether they are still breastfeeding. Sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding can increase the number of nighttime awakenings. io.
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Gettler LT, Kuo PX, Sarma MS, Lefever JEB, Cummings EM, McKenna JJ, Braungart-Rieker JM. US fathers' reports of bonding, infant temperament and psychosocial stress based on family sleep arrangements. Evol Med Public Health 2022; 9:460-469. [PMID: 35154780 PMCID: PMC8830308 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoab038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Evolutionary-grounded sleep research has been critical to establishing the mutual dependence of breastfeeding and nighttime sleep proximity for mothers and infants. Evolutionary perspectives on cosleeping also often emphasize the emotional motivations for and potential benefits of sleep proximity, including for parent-infant bonding. However, this potential link between infant sleep location and bonding remains understudied for both mothers and fathers. Moreover, in Euro-American contexts bedsharing has been linked to family stress and difficult child temperament, primarily via maternal reports. We know relatively little about whether paternal psychosocial dynamics differ based on family sleep arrangements, despite fathers and other kin often being present in the cosleeping environment across cultures. Here, we aim to help address some of these gaps in knowledge pertaining to fathers and family sleep arrangements. Methodology Drawing on a sample of Midwestern U.S. fathers (N=195), we collected sociodemographic and survey data to analyze links between infant nighttime sleep location, paternal psychosocial well-being, father-infant bonding, and infant temperament. From fathers’ reports, families were characterized as routinely solitary sleeping, bedsharing, or roomsharing (without bedsharing). Results We found that routinely roomsharing or bedsharing fathers, respectively, reported stronger bonding than solitary sleepers. Bedsharing fathers also reported that their infants had more negative temperaments and also tended to report greater parenting-related stress due to difficulties with their children. Conclusions These cross-sectional results help to highlight how a practice with deep phylogenetic and evolutionary history, such as cosleeping, can be variably expressed within communities with the potential for family-dependent benefits or strains. Evolutionary-grounded cosleeping research has elucidated the intimate connections between mother-infant sleep proximity and breastfeeding. However, some Euro-American research indicates that bedsharing can coincide with family strain and stress. Here, U.S. fathers who routinely roomshared or bedshared, respectively, reported stronger bonds to their babies than solitary sleeping fathers, but bedsharing fathers also reported more negative infant temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee T Gettler
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,William J. Shaw Center for Children and Families, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Patty X Kuo
- Department of Child, Youth and Family Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Mallika S Sarma
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - E Mark Cummings
- William J. Shaw Center for Children and Families, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - James J McKenna
- Department of Anthropology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Julia M Braungart-Rieker
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Landa-Rivera JL, Pérez-Pérez J, González-Núñez MDP, Gil-Miralles RA, Jover-Escolano Y, Fernández-Pan Astacio V. Population-Based Survey Showing That Breastfed Babies Have a Lower Frequency of Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Than Nonbreastfed Babies. Breastfeed Med 2022; 17:182-188. [PMID: 34919408 PMCID: PMC8867097 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Justification: Breastfeeding provides the best infant food, and closeness to the mother is crucial for successful breastfeeding. However, sharing parents' beds and sleeping on the stomach poses a high risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). There is little information on these practices regarding the Spanish population. Objective: To explore breastfeeding and bed-sharing practices in the study population Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted through an anonymous telephone survey with a representative random sample of babies born in the Health Area of La Marina Baixa, Alicante, between 2018 and 2019. A previous-day strategy was implemented to determine the feeding and bed-sharing variables. Results: The total breastfeeding and formula-feeding rates were 47.0% and 52.9%, respectively. The overall bed-sharing rate was 66.5%. The breastfeeding rate was 86.4% with bed-sharing and 13.6% without bed-sharing. The rate of prone sleeping position in children younger than 6 months of age was 9.3-3.5% with breastfeeding and 5.8% with formula feeding. Lower frequencies of tobacco, alcohol, and nonsupine sleeping positions were observed among mothers who practiced breastfeeding and bed-sharing. Conclusions: We found a close relationship between breastfeeding and bed-sharing and a lower frequency of SIDS risk factors associated with both practices. Families should be informed about the risk factors associated with SIDS to encourage safe bed-sharing while avoiding recommendations that discourage breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Leonardo Landa-Rivera
- Marina Baixa Hospital, Association for the Promotion of and Scientific and Cultural Research into Breastfeeding (APILAM), Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Pérez-Pérez
- Pediatric Service, Marina Baixa Hospital, Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain
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Liang X, Zhang X, Wang Y, van IJzendoorn MH, Wang Z. Sleep problems and infant motor and cognitive development across the first two years of life: The Beijing Longitudinal Study. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 66:101686. [PMID: 35007866 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined bidirectional effects between sleep problems (nocturnal awakenings and insufficient nocturnal sleep) and infant development (gross motor, fine motor, and cognition) in a sample of 182 infants (89 girls) and their parents living in Beijing (China). Using 3 waves of longitudinal data (at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of age), this study (a) explored the differences in sleep patterns and developmental outcomes between infants in the current sample and infants from other cultures; and primarily examined (b) whether nocturnal awakenings and insufficient nocturnal sleep prospectively predicted infant development; (c) or whether infant development predicted sleep problems. Mothers reported their children's sleep problems, and infant development was assessed with Bayley III. Sleep patterns of Beijing infants were slightly different from those from Finland and Singapore, and most scores on Bayley III in this Beijing sample were higher than those in Danish, Dutch and Sri Lankan samples. Sleep problems and developmental measures were stable across the 3 times of assessments, but cross-lagged associations were limited in number and strength. High scores on the Bayley at 6 months predicted less nocturnal awakenings at 1 year of age. Insufficient nocturnal sleep at 1 year predicted poor fine motor development at 2 years. Thus, findings suggest some bidirectional associations between infant development and sleep problems and further highlight the need to understand these relations within specific cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liang
- Research Center for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Research Center for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Research Center for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Research Center for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Research Center for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Bilgin A, Wolke D. Bed-Sharing in the First 6 Months: Associations with Infant-Mother Attachment, Infant Attention, Maternal Bonding, and Sensitivity at 18 Months. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022; 43:e9-e19. [PMID: 34117203 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate whether bed-sharing during the first 6 months of life is associated with infant's attachment and behavioral outcomes and mother's bonding and sensitive parenting at 18 months of age. METHODS The sample with complete longitudinal data comprised 178 infants and their caretakers. Bed-sharing was assessed with maternal report at term, 3, 6, and 18 months. Infant attachment was measured at 18 months using the strange situation procedure. Infant behavioral outcomes (i.e., poor attention/hyperactivity and task persistence) were assessed with 2 observational measures at 18 months. Maternal sensitivity was observed at 3 and 18 months, and mothers reported on bonding to their infant at term, 3, and 18 months. RESULTS Bed-sharing was common at term (41.2%), which decreased at 3 months (22.6%) followed by a slight increase at 6 (27.5%) and 18 months of age (31.3%). No associations between bed-sharing during the first 6 months and infant-mother attachment and infant behavioral outcomes at 18 months were found. Similarly, there were no associations between bed-sharing during the first 6 months and maternal bonding and sensitivity at consequent assessment points (i.e., 3 and 18 months). CONCLUSION Bed-sharing during the first 6 months is not associated with positive or negative outcomes about infant-mother attachment, infant behavior, maternal bonding, or sensitive parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Bilgin
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Kalmbach DA, O’Brien LM, Pitts DS, Sagong C, Arnett LK, Harb NC, Cheng P, Drake CL. Mother-to-Infant Bonding is Associated with Maternal Insomnia, Snoring, Cognitive Arousal, and Infant Sleep Problems and Colic. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:393-409. [PMID: 34047659 PMCID: PMC8627527 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1926249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence links maternal and infant sleep problems to impairments in the mother-to-infant bond, but the independence and directionality of these associations remain unclear. The present study characterized concurrent and prospective effects of maternal sleep disturbances and poor infant sleep on the mother-infant relationship. As common sequalae of problematic sleep, nocturnal cognitive hyperarousal and daytime sleepiness were investigated as facilitating mechanisms. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-seven pregnant women enrolled in a prospective study on maternal sleep. METHODS Sociodemographic information and clinical symptoms were measured prenatally then weekly across the first two postpartum months. Women reported insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, snoring, daytime sleepiness, nocturnal cognitive arousal (broadly focused and perinatal-specific), perseverative thinking, depression, infant colic, infant sleep quality, and mother-infant relationship quality. Mixed effects models were conducted to test hypotheses. RESULTS Prenatal snoring and weak maternal-fetal attachment augured poorer postpartum bonding. Poor infant sleep was associated with increased odds for maternal insomnia and short sleep. Impairments in the mother-to-infant bond were linked to maternal insomnia, nocturnal perinatal-focused rumination, daytime sleepiness, depression, and poor infant sleep. Postnatal insomnia predicted future decreases in mother-infant relationship quality, and nocturnal cognitive hyperarousal partially mediated this association. CONCLUSIONS Both maternal and infant sleep problems were associated with poorer mother-to-infant bonding, independent of the effects of maternal depression and infant colic. Perseverative thinking at night, particularly on infant-related concerns, was linked to impaired bonding, rejection and anger, and infant-focused anxiety. Improving maternal and infant sleep, and reducing maternal cognitive arousal, may improve the maternal-to-infant bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Kalmbach
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.,Pulmonary & Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Louise M O’Brien
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - D’Angela S Pitts
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Chaewon Sagong
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lily K Arnett
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nicholas C Harb
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Philip Cheng
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Christopher L Drake
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
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Barry ES, McKenna JJ. Reasons mothers bedshare: A review of its effects on infant behavior and development. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 66:101684. [PMID: 34929477 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bedsharing is controversial for nighttime caregiving in the U.S. today, as in most of the West. However, from the standpoint of evolutionary pediatrics, anthropology, and cultural psychology, bedsharing is not controversial at all, representing the context for human infant evolution and conferring a host of physiological benefits to the infant as well as the mother. In an effort to understand the rise in Western bedsharing in recent decades (and following Ball, 2002; McKenna & Volpe, 2007), Salm Ward (2015) systematically reviewed the literature on mother-infant bedsharing and identified ten reasons why mothers choose to bedshare: (1) breastfeeding, (2) comforting for mother or infant, (3) better/more sleep for infant or parent, (4) monitoring, (5) bonding/ attachment, (6) environmental reasons, (7) crying, (8) cultural or familial traditions, (9) disagree with danger, and (10) maternal instinct. The current paper offers the "review behind the review," highlighting the scientific evidence behind the reasons mothers give for their decision to bedshare, focusing on how mothers' decisions about infant sleep location influence infant behavior and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S Barry
- Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Fayette, The Eberly Campus, USA.
| | - James J McKenna
- Mother-Baby Sleep Lab, Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA; Department of Anthropology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
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Javakhishvili M, Spatz Widom C. Childhood Maltreatment, Sleep Disturbances, and Anxiety and Depression: A Prospective Longitudinal Investigation. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 77:101351. [PMID: 34898778 PMCID: PMC8654238 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research sought to determine whether inadequate sleep conditions in childhood and sleep problems in young adulthood in part explain the relationship between childhood abuse and neglect and anxiety and depression later in life. Children with documented histories of abuse and neglect and matched controls were followed up and assessed in young and middle adulthood. Abused and neglected children were more likely to report experiencing inadequate sleep conditions in childhood, sleep problems in young adulthood, and higher levels of depression and anxiety later in middle adulthood. Results revealed significant indirect paths from childhood maltreatment to anxiety and depression in middle adulthood through inadequate sleep conditions in childhood and sleep problems in young adulthood. This longitudinal follow-up of children with documented cases of maltreatment reveals the important role of sleep disturbances in the lives of maltreated children and adults and sleep disturbances in the development of subsequent anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Javakhishvili
- Psychology Department, John Jay College, City University of New York, 524 West 59 Street, New York City, NY
| | - Cathy Spatz Widom
- Psychology Department, John Jay College, City University of New York, 524 West 59 Street, New York City, NY
- Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016
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Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life and Cosleeping: The Role of Nocturnal Breastfeeding. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8110969. [PMID: 34828682 PMCID: PMC8621601 DOI: 10.3390/children8110969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the association between cosleeping and the number of breastfeeding sessions in infants, OHRQoL of the child and the family, and the DMFT Child’s index. The sample comprised 273 children (2–4 years old). In addition to the clinical examination of the child to assess the DMFT Index, the mother was requested to complete a questionnaire to collect data about the breastfeeding practice, diet, dental hygiene, dental check-ups, quality of the child’s oral life, and family impact (ECOHIS Scale). The children’s OHRQoL is positively correlated with number of night-time breastfeeding sessions at 12 months (r2 = 0.40 **), DMFT index (r2 = 0.60 **), impact family (r2 = 0.65 **), and duration of cosleeping (r2 = 0.36 **). The moderating effect explained 41% of OHRQoL; the interaction between the number of breastfeeding sessions at 18 months and the DMFT index significantly increased the coefficient of determination. A longer practice time for cosleeping was associated with an increase in breastfeeding sessions, a higher impact on OHRQoL, a higher family impact, and a higher DMFT index. More than three night-time breastfeeding sessions moderate the relationship between the DMFT index and the child’s OHRQoL.
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Witte AM, de Moor MHM, Szepsenwol O, van IJzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Shai D. Developmental trajectories of infant nighttime awakenings are associated with infant-mother and infant-father attachment security. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 65:101653. [PMID: 34655886 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined developmental trajectories of infant sleep problems from 3 to 24 months old and investigated associations with infant-parent attachment security and dependency. In a sample of 107 Israeli families, number and duration of infant nighttime awakenings were measured at 3, 6, 9, and 24 months old, using mothers' and fathers' reports on the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). Infant-parent attachment security and infant-parent dependency was assessed at 24 months old, using the observer Attachment Q-Sort procedure (AQS) with both parents. Latent growth curve models showed a non-linear decline in number and duration of infant nighttime awakenings over time. A higher number and longer duration of infant nighttime awakenings at 3 months were associated with higher infant-father attachment security at 24 months. In contrast, longer infant nighttime awakenings at 3 months were predictive of lower infant-mother attachment security at 24 months. A steeper decrease in duration of infant nighttime awakenings was associated with higher infant-father attachment security and lower infant-mother attachment security. As a potential mechanism, paternal involvement in nighttime caregiving was explored in relation to infant-father attachment security. Results of our post-hoc analyses revealed no significant associations between paternal involvement in nighttime caregiving and infant-father attachment security. Our results highlight the need to examine potential mechanisms explaining the divergent associations of infant sleep problems with infant-mother and infant-father attachment security in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemieke M Witte
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marleen H M de Moor
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ohad Szepsenwol
- Department of Education, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Israel
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dana Shai
- SEED Center, School of Behavior Sciences, Academic College Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Israel
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43
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Does Bed Sharing with an Infant Influence Parents’ Sexual Life? A Scoping Review in Western Countries. SEXES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sexes2040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bed sharing—the sharing of a sleeping surface by parents and children—is a common, yet controversial, practice. While most research has focused on the public health aspect of this practice, much less is known regarding its effect on the marital relationship. The aim of the present study was to conduct a scoping review on the impact of parent–infant bed sharing sleeping practices on the sexual and marital relationship of couples. The qualitative synthesis of six studies on this topic suggests that overall, bed sharing does not exert a significant negative impact on family functioning; when it does, it appears to be related to incongruent parental beliefs and expectations, especially when bed sharing is not an intentional choice of sleep arrangement, and there are other confounding factors such as fatigue and psychological distress. Suggestions for future studies and clinical implications are discussed.
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Chen Z, Dai Y, Liu X, Liu J. Early Childhood Co-Sleeping Predicts Behavior Problems in Preadolescence: A Prospective Cohort Study. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:563-576. [PMID: 32946284 PMCID: PMC10117418 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1818564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Co-sleeping is common practice around the globe. The relationship between early childhood co-sleeping and adolescent behavior problems remains uncertain. We aim to identify whether early childhood co-sleeping can predict behavior problems in preadolescence. PARTICIPANTS A cohort of 1,656 Chinese preschool children were followed up in adolescence. METHODS Prospective cohort study design involving two waves of data collection from the China Jintan Cohort (1,656 children aged 3-5 years). Co-sleeping history was collected at 3-5-years-old via parent-reported questionnaire at wave I data collection. Behavior problems were measured twice in childhood and preadolescence, respectively. Adolescent behavior problems were measured by integrating data from self-report, parent-report and teacher-report using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment. Predictions were assessed using the general linear model with mixed effects on the inverse probability weight propensity-matched sample. RESULTS 1,656 children comprising 55.6% boys aged 4.9 ± 0.6 were initially enrolled in the first wave of data collection. In the second wave of data collection, 1,274 children were 10.99 ± 0.74 (76.9%) aged 10-13 years were retained. Early childhood co-sleeping is significantly associated with increased behavior problems in childhood (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.22-2.06, ps<0.03) and preadolescence (OR 1.40-2.27, ps<0.02). Moreover, co-sleeping history significantly predicted multiscale increase in internal (OR 1.63-2.61, ps<0.02) and external behavior problems in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS Early childhood co-sleeping is associated with multiple behavioral problems reported by parents, teachers, and children themselves. Early childhood co-sleeping predicts preadolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior after controlling for baseline behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehang Chen
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Kelin Health Research, Montgomery, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Osberg S, Kalstad TG, Stray‐Pedersen A. Norwegian parents avoid placing infants in prone sleeping positions but frequently share beds in hazardous ways. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:2119-2125. [PMID: 33544951 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Campaigns to prevent prone sleeping and other modifiable risk factors have greatly reduced the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome in Norway. Sleep-related infant deaths still occur sporadically and may be preventable. We studied infants' sleeping environments and whether parents followed safe sleep recommendations. METHODS Parents with infants up to 12 months of age were invited to complete an online questionnaire from May to December 2018. It was publicised by health centres and on websites and social media. RESULTS We received 4886 responses and 4150 met the age criteria and were included. Just under two-thirds (62.7%) reported routine bed-sharing, and this practice was associated with increased nocturnal breastfeeding, single parents and having more than one child. A small number of infants under six months were occasionally placed prone when they were laid down to sleep (2.1%) and 29.7% were placed on their side. Nearly three-quarters (72.6%) of the 2330 parents with infants under six months of age reported previous high-risk behaviour, such as sleeping together on a sofa or bed-sharing after smoking or drinking. CONCLUSION Norwegian parents rarely used prone sleeping positions for infants. However, bed-sharing was common, including high-risk scenarios such as smoking, alcohol use and sofas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Osberg
- Department of Forensic Sciences Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Trine Giving Kalstad
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- The Norwegian SIDS and Stillbirth Society Oslo Norway
| | - Arne Stray‐Pedersen
- Department of Forensic Sciences Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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46
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Andre CJ, Lovallo V, Spencer RMC. The effects of bed sharing on sleep: From partners to pets. Sleep Health 2021; 7:314-323. [PMID: 33436343 PMCID: PMC8205933 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bed sharing is common practice across the global population. However, the vast majority of research on bed sharing has focused solely on mother-infant bed sharing. METHODS Here, we provide a holistic review of research on bed sharing. Articles investigating the relationship between bed sharing and sleep were identified in 4 dyad categories: (1) parent and child, (2) couples, (3) siblings, and (4) pet owners and pets. Of interest was whether sleep-promoting factors such as psychological comfort were generalizable across bed-sharing dyads; alternatively, sleep-demoting factors such as movement or heat may be commonalities. RESULTS We found that, across dyad types, in general, subjective reports of sleep quality were better when bed sharing despite generally worse objective measures of sleep. CONCLUSIONS Understanding bed sharing is important to treating sleep disturbances, given the prevalence of shared beds. This scoping review points to critical gaps in our understanding of bed sharing that motivate future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J Andre
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Victoria Lovallo
- Commonwealth Honors College, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca M C Spencer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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47
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Mason GM, Holmes JF, Andre C, Spencer RMC. Bedsharing in Early Childhood: Frequency, Partner Characteristics, and Relations to Sleep. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2021; 182:269-288. [PMID: 33988085 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1916732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bedsharing (sharing a bed with others during sleep) in early childhood (3-5 years old) is common across Western and non-Western societies alike. Though prior work indicates that bedsharing may relate to impairments in child sleep quantity or quality, the majority of studies conducted in young children are limited to parent-child bedsharing and rely almost exclusively on caregiver reports to measure child sleep. Here, the authors endeavored to gain further insights into the diversity of bedsharing practices among children in the United States, including how different bedsharing partners (caregivers, siblings) might impact actigraphy-derived measures of children's sleep. Using a sample of 631 children ages 2:9 to 5:11 years, we found that over 36% of children bedshared in some form overnight, with approximately 22% bedsharing habitually. In a subset of children for whom actigraphy measures were collected (n = 337), children who bedshared habitually (n = 80) had significantly shorter overnight sleep, later sleep and wake times, and longer naps than solitary sleepers (n = 257), even when controlling for socioeconomic status. Despite supplementing their shorter overnight sleep with longer naps, habitually bedsharing children had significantly shorter 24-hr sleep time than did solitary sleepers, though differences in sleep efficiency were nonsignificant for all sleep periods. Additionally, sleep efficiency, onset latency, and duration did not differ between children who habitually bedshared with siblings versus those who habitually bedshared with parents. The present results add to prior work examining family contextual correlates of sleep differences in early childhood and provide a more objective account of relations between bedsharing and child sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Mason
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.,Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer F Holmes
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chloe Andre
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca M C Spencer
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.,Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.,Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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48
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Grandparental care and sleep disturbances in preschool children: a population-based prospective cohort study. Sleep Med 2021; 82:165-171. [PMID: 33933721 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep disturbances are common in preschoolers, and profoundly affected by parenting. Grandparents are increasingly involved in childcare and have attracted worldwide attention for their potential impacts on child well-being. However, no studies have explored child sleep health within the context of grandparental care. We aimed to explore the association between grandparents as primary caregivers and children's sleep disturbances. METHODS Participants included 20,324 preschoolers from the Shanghai Children's Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation-Preschool (SCHEDULE-P) in Shanghai, China. They were initially assessed in November 2016 and were reassessed in April 2018 and April 2019. Children's primary caregivers were collected at each survey. Sleep disturbances were assessed by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). RESULTS At baseline, 84.4% of children had global sleep disturbances (CSHQ total score >41). Compared with parents, random-effects model indicated that grandparents as primary caregivers increased the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for children's global sleep disturbances by 30% (OR [95%CI]: 1.30 [1.21, 1.40]). To the specific domains of CSHQ, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant "caregiver transition" group × wave interaction in the behavioral sleep disturbances, such as "Bedtime Resistance" (p < 0.001). At each survey, children with grandparents as primary caregivers demonstrated significant higher behavioral sleep disturbances than their counterparts with parental care. CONCLUSIONS Grandparental care is associated with increased sleep disturbances, particularly behavioral sleep disturbances, in preschoolers. Future studies should explore the underlying mechanisms and whether sleep programs targeting grandparents can decrease children's sleep disturbances.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is great global variation in the sleeping arrangements for healthy newborn infants. Bed sharing is a type of sleeping practice in which the sleeping surface (e.g. bed, couch or armchair, or some other sleeping surface) is shared between the infant and another person. The possible physiological benefits include better oxygen and cardiopulmonary stability, fewer crying episodes, less risk of hypothermia, and a longer duration of breastfeeding. On the other hand, the most important harmful effect of bed sharing is that it may increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Studies have found conflicting evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of bed sharing during infancy. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bed sharing, started during the neonatal period, on breastfeeding status (exclusive and total duration of breastfeeding), incidence of SIDS, rates of hypothermia, neonatal and infant mortality, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. SEARCH METHODS We used the standard search strategy of Cochrane Neonatal to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2020, Issue 7) in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE via PubMed (1966 to 23 July 2020), CINAHL (1982 to 23 July 2020), and LILACS (1980 to 23 July 2020). We also searched clinical trials databases, and the reference lists of retrieved articles, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTS. SELECTION CRITERIA We planned to include RCTs or quasi-RCTs (including cluster-randomised trials) that included term neonates initiated on bed sharing within 24 hours of birth (and continuing to bed share with the mother in the first four weeks of life, followed by a variable time period thereafter), and compared them to a 'no bed sharing' group. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures as recommended by Cochrane. We planned to use the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of evidence. MAIN RESULTS Our search strategy yielded 6231 records. After removal of duplicate records, we screened 2745 records by title and abstract. We excluded 2739 records that did not match our inclusion criteria. We obtained six full-text studies for assessment. These six studies did not meet the eligibility criteria and were excluded. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We did not find any studies that met our inclusion criteria. There is a need for RCTs on bed sharing in healthy term neonates that directly assess efficacy (i.e. studies in a controlled setting, like hospital) or effectiveness (i.e. studies conducted in community or home settings) and safety. Future studies should assess outcomes such as breastfeeding status and risk of SIDS. They should also include neonates from high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries, especially those countries where bed sharing is more prevalent because of cultural practices (e.g. Asian countries).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Das
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mari Jeeva Sankar
- Newborn Health Knowledge Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Newborn Care, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Agarwal
- Newborn Health Knowledge Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Newborn Care, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
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Bellagamba F, Presaghi F, Di Marco M, D'Abundo E, Blanchfield O, Barr R. How Infant and Toddlers' Media Use Is Related to Sleeping Habits in Everyday Life in Italy. Front Psychol 2021; 12:589664. [PMID: 33828502 PMCID: PMC8020901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.589664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy media use has been linked to sleep problems in children, which may also extend to the infancy period. While international parent-advisory agencies, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (2016), advise no screen time before 18 months, parents often do not follow this recommendation. Research on Italian infants’ early access to media is sparse, and only very few studies have investigated links with sleeping habits. Method To address this gap, we examined concurrent associations between parent-reported surveys of child technology use and sleeping patterns. The Italian version of the 60 item Comprehensive Assessment of Family Media Exposure (CAFE) Survey, developed as part of a larger international study, (Barr et al., 2020), the Brief Screening Questionnaire for Infant Sleep Problems (BISQ) Sadeh, 2004) were completed online by 264 Italian parents of 8- to 36-month-olds and a subset (n = 134) completed the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) Abidin, 1995) between April 2017 and April 2018. Results More devices located in the child’s room and the more time spent watching TV or using an iPad were associated with less hours of sleep at night. Furthermore, more time spent watching TV or using a smartphone, as well as the number of devices in the room was associated with going to sleep later at night. Instrumental media use was associated with less sleep. Conclusion Like other countries, Italian infants have high levels of exposure to media, and differences in media patterns were associated with sleep patterns. Cultural factors influence both instrumental reasons for media use and sleep practices. Further research should explore how media use may serve to regulate emotion as a function of both contextual factors and individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bellagamba
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Presaghi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Di Marco
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia D'Abundo
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Olivia Blanchfield
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown College, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Rachel Barr
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown College, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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