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Soares MP, Silva LM, De Angelis CF, Cardoso IL, Taylor EW, da Costa Souza I, Bendhack F, de Souza Vieira N, Monferrán MV, Wunderlin DA, Fernandes MN, Leite CAC. Effect of acute exposure to settleable atmospheric particulate matter emitted by the steel industry on hematology and innate immunity of fat snook (Centropomus parallelus). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116428. [PMID: 38735170 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The steel industry is a significant worldwide source of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). Part of PM may settle (SePM) and deposit metal/metalloid and metallic nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems. However, such an air-to-water cross-contamination is not observed by most monitoring agencies. The region of Vitoria City is the main location of iron processing for exports in Brazil, and it has rivers, estuaries, and coastal areas affected by SePM. We have evaluated the effects of SePM on a local representative fish species, the fat snook, Centropomus parallelus. After acclimation, 48 fishes (61.67 ± 27.83 g) were individually exposed for 96 h to diverse levels of SePM (0.0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 g/L-1). The presence of metals in the blood and several blood biomarkers were analyzed to evaluate the impact of SePM on stress signaling, blood oxygen transport capacity, and innate immune activity. Metal bioaccumulation was measured from blood in two separately analyzed compartments: intracellular (erythrocytes plus white blood cells) and extracellular (plasma). The major metals present at all contamination levels in both compartments were Fe and Zn, followed by Al and Cu, plus traces of 'Emerging metals': Ba, Ce, La, Rb, Se, Sr, and Ti. Emerging metals refer to those that have recently been identified in water as contaminants, encompassing rare earth elements and critical technology elements, as documented in previous studies (See REEs and TCEs in Cobelo-García et al., 2015; Batley et al., 2022). Multivariate analysis revealed that SePM had strong, dose-dependent correlations with all biomarker groups and indicated that blood oxygen-carrying capacity had the highest contamination responsiveness. Metal contamination also increased cortisol and blood glucose levels, attesting to increased stress signaling, and had a negative effect on innate immune activity. Knowledge of the risks related to SePM contamination remains rudimentary. However, the fact that there was metal bioaccumulation, causing impairment of fundamental physiological and cellular processes in this ecologically relevant fish species, consumed by the local human population, highlights the pressing need for further monitoring and eventual control of SePM contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pereira Soares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ludmila Mendes Silva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Fernandes De Angelis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Israel Luz Cardoso
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edwin W Taylor
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Iara da Costa Souza
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Bendhack
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná - UFPR, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
| | - Nathan de Souza Vieira
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná - UFPR, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cléo Alcantara Costa Leite
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Čadková Z, Vořechovská L, Javorská D, Száková J, Tlustoš P. The oral bioavailability of soil-borne risk elements for small terrestrial mammals: Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) and Apodemus sylvaticus L. and its implication in environmental studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62397-62409. [PMID: 36943558 PMCID: PMC10167179 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were (i) to specify real risk elemetnt (RE) uptake by wild terresrial mammals (A. sylvaticus and M. arvalis), (ii) to describe RE distribution in critical organs such as the liver and kidney, and (iii) to determine potencial differences in RE toxicokinetics with regards to individual species or sex. Three groups of experimental animals were fed diets amended with soil and green biomass of hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri with different RE levels. The contents of As, Cd, and Pb in the liver and kidneys of the animals reflected the element contents in the diet. Higher Cd and Pb accumulation ability was observed in A. sylvaticus compared to M. arvalis tissues, and an opposite pattern was recorded for As. Zn contents in tissues of both species remained unchanged, and total contents of Zn in the exposed animals even tended to decrease compared to the controls. Results of this study indicate a generally similar response of both species to elevated RE contents in the diet, confirming these wild rodents as suitable models for RE biomonitoring in ecosystems. However, our data highlights some distinction in As toxicokinetics in wood mice compared to that of field voles and a significantly higher accumulation of Pb and Cd in females. Therefore, factors of species and sex should not be overlooked if relevant data are to be obtained in environmental studies conducted on small terrestrial rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Čadková
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Vořechovská
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Javorská
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Naderi M, Seyedabadi M, Amiri FT, Mohammadi E, Akbari S, Shaki F. Taurine protects against perfluorooctanoic acid-induced hepatotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:124-132. [PMID: 36866213 PMCID: PMC9972835 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We are constantly encountering with low doses of chemicals in everyday life rather than toxic doses at a time. So, ongoing low-dose exposures of environmental chemicals commonly encountered are very likely to cause an adverse health effects. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is frequently used for production of an array of consumer products and industrial processes. The present study evaluated the underlying mechanisms of PFOA-induced liver damage and also potential protection by taurine. Male Wistar rats were exposed to PFOA alone and in combination with taurine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 weeks. Liver function tests as well as histopathological examinations were studied. Also, oxidative stress markers, mitochondrial function, and nitric oxide (NO) production in liver tissues were measured. In addition, the expression of apoptosis-related genes (caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2), inflammation-associated genes (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-B), and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) were evaluated. Taurine significantly reversed serum biochemical and histopathological alterations in the liver tissue following exposure to PFOA (10 mg/kg/day). Similarly, taurine alleviated mitochondrial oxidative damage-induced by PFOA in the liver tissue. An increased Bcl2: Bax ratio with decrees in the expression level of caspase-3, and decreased expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6), NF-B, and JNK were also observed following the administration of taurine. These findings suggest a protective role of taurine against PFOA-induced hepatotoxicity via the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maloos Naderi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
| | - Mohammad Seyedabadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6618634683, Iran
| | - Sholeh Akbari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Deng H, Chen A, Chai L. Lead and copper led to the dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis by impairing intestinal absorption in Bufo gargarizans larvae: An integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:159031. [PMID: 36170915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids, as metabolic regulators and signaling molecules, play key roles in the regulation of host metabolism and immune responses. Heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are widespread environmental pollutants that threaten public health. However, the effects of heavy metals on bile acid metabolism and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, particularly for ecologically important amphibian species. In the present research, the effects of exposure to environmentally-relevant concentrations of Pb (250 μg/L), Cu (50 μg/L), and a mixture of both (Mix) on bile acid metabolism and the underlying molecular mechanisms in the intestines of Bufo gargarizans larvae were comprehensively investigated using histopathology, metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis. Our results suggested that Pb and/or Cu caused histopathological damage to the intestine and liver, such as decreased intestinal epithelial cell height and dilated hepatic sinusoid. The total bile acid level was decreased in the Pb and Mix exposure groups but elevated in the Cu treatment. A significant decrease in the ratio of conjugated to unconjugated bile acids was present in all treatment groups. Also, the level of GCA was increased while TCA and TCDCA were decreased in all exposure groups. In addition, exposure to Pb and Cu altered the expression levels of genes related to intestinal absorption. For example, mrp2, mrp3 and aqp4 had higher expression in the Pb and Mix treatment groups, and aqp1 and mrp4 were increased in the Cu treatment group. Overall, we speculated that the dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis induced by Pb and Cu exposure may be due to impaired intestinal absorption. These findings raise further concerns about the hazards of Pb and/or Cu in influencing bile acid metabolism that might lead to the development of metabolic diseases and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Siliang Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Aixia Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
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Baralić K, Stanivuk Đ, Javorac D, Marić Đ, Antonijević Miljaković E, Ćurčić M, Đukić-Ćosić D, Bulat Z, Buha Djordjevic A. Effects of toxic metal mixtures on hematologic parameters in male Wistar rats after the subchronic exposure. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2022. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.03.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Baralić
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Stanivuk
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Javorac
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Marić
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evica Antonijević Miljaković
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Ćurčić
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
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Cao P, Nie G, Luo J, Hu R, Li G, Hu G, Zhang C. Cadmium and molybdenum co-induce pyroptosis and apoptosis by PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis in the liver of ducks. Food Funct 2022; 13:2142-2154. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02855c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and excessive molybdenum (Mo) have adverse impacts on animals. However, the hepatotoxicity co-induced by Cd and Mo in ducks has not been fully elucidated. In order to explore...
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Arun KB, Madhavan A, Sindhu R, Emmanual S, Binod P, Pugazhendhi A, Sirohi R, Reshmy R, Awasthi MK, Gnansounou E, Pandey A. Probiotics and gut microbiome - Prospects and challenges in remediating heavy metal toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126676. [PMID: 34329091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, often referred to as "super organ", comprises up to a hundred trillion microorganisms, and the species diversity may vary from person to person. They perform a decisive role in diverse biological functions related to metabolism, immunity and neurological responses. However, the microbiome is sensitive to environmental pollutants, especially heavy metals. There is continuous interaction between heavy metals and the microbiome. Heavy metal exposure retards the growth and changes the structure of the phyla involved in the gut microbiome. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome tries to detoxify the heavy metals by altering the physiological conditions, intestinal permeability, enhancing enzymes for metabolizing heavy metals. This review summarizes the effect of heavy metals in altering the gut microbiome, the mechanism by which gut microbiota detoxifies heavy metals, diseases developed due to heavy metal-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, and the usage of probiotics along with advancements in developing improved recombinant probiotic strains for the remediation of heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Arun
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Shibitha Emmanual
- Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College, Thrissur 680121, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Reshmy
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara 690110, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, North West A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, ENAC GR-GN, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR, Indian Institute for Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lopes de Andrade V, Serrazina D, Mateus ML, Batoréu C, Aschner M, Marreilha Dos Santos AP. Multibiomarker approach to assess the magnitude of occupational exposure and effects induced by a mixture of metals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 429:115684. [PMID: 34437931 PMCID: PMC8449837 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Metals and metalloids including lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) can occur as mixtures in occupational contexts, such as mines. These chemicals are all known to be neurotoxic and provoke changes in heme metabolism also known to induce neurotoxicity. The objective of this work was to propose a multi-biomarker (BM) methodology to screen subjects exposed to the mixture of Pb, As and Mn and assess the severity of their exposure/effects, in an individual basis. The urinary levels of the metals, dela-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphyrins were determined in Portuguese miners and in a control group. The combination of Pb and As urinary levels had the highest capability to identify subjects occupationally exposed to this mixture in mines, as evaluated through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) (A = 98.2%; p < 0.05), allowing that 94.2% of 86 studied subjects were properly identified and the generation of an equation indicating the odd of a subject be considered as exposed to the metal mixture. The combination of urinary ALA and porphyrins revealed to be best one to be applied in the assessment of subjects with high, intermediate, and low magnitudes of exposure/effects, with 95.7% of 46 miners classified correctly according to their severity sub-group and allowing to generate equations, which can be applied in new subjects. The proposed methodology showed a satisfactory performance, evaluating in an integrated manner the magnitude of exposure/effects of the exposed workers, may contributing to improve the control of their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lopes de Andrade
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - D Serrazina
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M L Mateus
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Batoréu
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, United States of America
| | - A P Marreilha Dos Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Notariale R, Infantino R, Palazzo E, Manna C. Erythrocytes as a Model for Heavy Metal-Related Vascular Dysfunction: The Protective Effect of Dietary Components. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6604. [PMID: 34203038 PMCID: PMC8235350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are toxic environmental pollutants associated with severe ecological and human health risks. Among them is mercury (Hg), widespread in air, soil, and water, due to its peculiar geo-biochemical cycle. The clinical consequences of Hg exposure include neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, increased risk for cardiovascular diseases is also reported due to a direct effect on cardiovascular tissues, including endothelial cells, recently identified as important targets for the harmful action of heavy metals. In this review, we will discuss the rationale for the potential use of erythrocytes as a surrogate model to study Hg-related toxicity on the cardiovascular system. The toxic effects of Hg on erythrocytes have been amply investigated in the last few years. Among the observed alterations, phosphatidylserine exposure has been proposed as an underlying mechanism responsible for Hg-induced increased proatherogenic and prothrombotic activity of these cells. Furthermore, following Hg-exposure, a decrease in NOS activity has also been reported, with consequent lowering of NO bioavailability, thus impairing endothelial function. An additional mechanism that may induce a decrease in NO availability is the generation of an oxidative microenvironment. Finally, considering that chronic Hg exposure mainly occurs through contaminated foods, the protective effect of dietary components is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Notariale
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosmara Infantino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Enza Palazzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Caterina Manna
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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Kim H, Lee D, Kim K. Combined Exposure to Metals in Drinking Water Alters the Dopamine System in Mouse Striatum. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126558. [PMID: 34207128 PMCID: PMC8296366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) frequently occurs; however, data on the specific effects of combined exposure on neurotransmission, specifically dopaminergic neurotransmission, are lacking. In this study, motor coordination and dopamine content, along with the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), and dopamine receptors (DRs), were examined in the striatum of adult male mice following exposure to drinking water containing As, Pb, and/or Cd. We found that exposure to a metal mixture impaired motor coordination. After 4 weeks of treatment, a significant decrease in dopamine content and expression of TH, DAT, and VMAT2 was observed in the striatum of metal-mixture-treated mice, compared to the controls or single-metal-exposed groups. However, DRD1 and DRD2 expression did not significantly change with metal treatment. These results suggest that altered dopaminergic neurotransmission by the collective action of metals may contribute to metal-mixture-induced neurobehavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kisok Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-580-5932
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11
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Cabral M, Garçon G, Touré A, Bah F, Dewaele D, Bouhsina S, Cazier F, Faye A, Fall M, Courcot D, Verdin A. Renal impairment assessment on adults living nearby a landfill: Early kidney dysfunction biomarkers linked to the environmental exposure to heavy metals. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:386-394. [PMID: 33717991 PMCID: PMC7932908 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Health risk of the neighboring population of the Mbeubeuss landfill (Senegal). Assessment of the impact of Cd/Pb exposure through dysfunction renal biomarkers. Specific increases of a set of early dysfunction renal biomarkers in exposed subjects. Glomerular and tubular dysfunction in exposed subjects.
The aim of this study was to assess the integrity and kidney overall functional capacity of subjects exposed to landfill emissions. Urine and blood levels of Pb and Cd, and several of the newly biomarkers of nephrotoxicity (Kim Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1), alpha-1 Microglobulin (α1 M), beta-2 Microglobulin (β2 M), Cystatin-C (Cyst C), Clusterin, alpha-glutathione S-transferase (GSTα), pi-glutathione S-transferase (GSTπ), Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), Calbindin, Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Osteopontin (OPN), (Retinol Binding Protein(RBP), Liver-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (FABP-1), Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3), Collagen VI) were measured in order to assess glomerular and tubule damage in adults living near a landfill. Our results indicate glomerular dysfunction in exposed subjects, and supported evidence of necrosis of proximal and distal tubule epithelial cells as specific biomarkers began to appear in the urine. Positive correlation by Pearson test were obtained between : blood Pb and B-OPN, B-Cyst C, Calbindin, U-KIM-1, TIMP1, U-OPN, and U-Clusterin; and also, between urinary Cd and TIMP1, B-Clusterin, U-OPN, FABP-1, Albumin, and U-Clusterin. The relation between biomarkers of Cd/Pb exposure and early effect biomarkers in this study clearly predicts the future risk of severe kidney injury in subjects living close to the landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Cabral
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France.,Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France.,CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Université Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aminata Touré
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Fatoumata Bah
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dorothée Dewaele
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM, Centre Commun de Mesures, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Saâd Bouhsina
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM, Centre Commun de Mesures, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Adama Faye
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Fall
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
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12
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Lopes de Andrade V, Marreilha dos Santos AP, Aschner M. NEUROTOXICITY OF METAL MIXTURES. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2021; 5:329-364. [PMID: 34263093 PMCID: PMC8276944 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposures and/or alterations in the homeostasis of essential transition metals (ETM), such as Fe, Cu, Zn or Mn, are known to contribute to neurodegenerative diseases (ND), such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Aberrant ETM homeostasis leads to altered distributions, as significant amounts may accumulate in specific brain areas, while causing metal deficiency in others. The disruption of processes reliant on the interplay between these ETM, may lead to loss of metal balance and the ensuing neurotoxicity via shared mechanisms, such as the induction of oxidative stress (OS). Both ETM imbalance and OS may play a role, via complex positive loop processes, in primary neuropathological signatures of AD, such as the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NTF), and in PD, α-Syn aggregation and loss of dopamine(DA)rgic neurons. The association between ETM imbalance and ND is rarely approached under the view that metals such as Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, can act as dangerous endogenous neurotoxic mixtures when their control mechanisms became disrupted. In fact, their presence as mixtures implies intricacies, which should be kept in mind when developing therapies for complex disorders of metal dyshomeostasis, which commonly occur in ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Lopes de Andrade
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa. Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Marreilha dos Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa. Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michael Aschner
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Einstein Center of Toxicology.1300 Morris Park Avenue. Bronx, NY 10461
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13
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Risk Assessment of Trace Element Contamination in Drinking Water and Agricultural Soil: A Study in Selected Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) Endemic Areas in Sri Lanka. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6627254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Unexplained or unclear etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKDu) has been reported in Sri Lanka’s North Central Province (NCP) for more than two decades. Meanwhile, high exposure to heavy metals/metalloids and their accumulation are recognized as the origin of many acute and chronic diseases in certain vulnerable human tissues including kidneys. This study evaluates the contamination status of heavy metals/metalloids of the drinking water and agricultural soil in two CKDu endemic areas compared with a reference area in Sri Lanka based on common indexes and attribute of the commonly used fertilizers evaluated to identify the basic sources of toxic metals in the agricultural soil. Mean concentrations of heavy metals/metalloids such as Mn, Co, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe in drinking water of CKDu endemic areas were far below Sri Lankan water quality standards (permissible limits). In addition, all sampling locations dropped below the medium range of the heavy metal pollution index of water (HPI 15–40). Geoaccumulation indexes (Igeo) of soil reveal that paddy soil in CKDu endemic areas is being moderately polluted with toxic metals/metalloids such as As, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, and Cd. On the other hand, the application of fertilizers, which contained a high dose of toxic metals, could be the driving force for agricultural soil pollution, and limitless application of low-quality fertilizer would lead to more soil contamination with heavy metals. Hence, hazardous metals can be incorporated into the food chains via contaminated paddy soil.
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14
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Liu C, Luo Y, Wen H, Qi Y, Shi G, Deng J, Zhou T. Red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor integrated with smartphone for point-of-use analysis of cerebral AChE upon Cd 2+ exposure. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1283-1290. [PMID: 33406172 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07449g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, combined with a pervasive smartphone installed with a color recognition app, dual-responsive CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs were designed as a red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor for the point-of-use analysis of cerebral acetylcholinesterase (AChE) upon Cd2+ exposure. Blue-emitting CDs with multi-functional groups as guests were encapsulated into the network of Eu/GMP ICPs to obtain CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs with the sensitized red fluorescence of Eu3+. With the presence of thiocholine (TCh), derived from acetylthiocholine (ATCh) hydrolyzed by AChE, the coordination environment of the CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs was interrupted, leading to the collapse of the CDs@Eu/GMP ICP network and the corresponding release of guest CDs into the surrounding environment. Consequently, the sensitized red fluorescence of Eu3+ decreased and the blue fluorescence of the CDs increased. This obvious red-to-blue fluorescent color changes of CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs on test paper could then be integrated with the smartphone for point-of-use analysis of cerebral AChE upon Cd2+ exposure, which not only offers a new analytical platform for a better understanding of the environmental risk of Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), but also holds great potential in the early diagnosis of AD even at the asymptomatic stage with the decrease in CSF AChE as an early biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China and Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 20062, China.
| | - Yuxin Luo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China and Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 20062, China.
| | - Huijie Wen
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China and Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 20062, China.
| | - Yanxia Qi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guoyue Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China and Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 20062, China.
| | - Tianshu Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China and Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 20062, China.
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15
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De María M, Szteren D, García-Alonso J, de Rezende CE, Araújo Gonçalves R, Godoy JM, Barboza FR. Historic variation of trace elements in pinnipeds with spatially segregated trophic habits reveals differences in exposure to pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141296. [PMID: 33182202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine mammals and the ecological functions they provide to coastal and pelagic ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the intensification of anthropogenic impacts. The Uruguayan coastline throughout the 20th century, like other coastal environments worldwide, has been the sink of a variety of trace metals derived from the rapid urbanization and industrialization of related land areas. This coastline is inhabited by two species of pinnipeds trophically and spatially segregated. Otaria byronia feeds in coastal environments while Arctocephalus australis preys mainly offshore. The present study aimed to analyze historic changes in concentrations of trace elements in teeth of both species from 1941 to the present day. We analyzed the dentin of 94 canine teeth using stable isotope analysis (δ13C) and ICP-MS to determine their feeding areas and the concentration of 10 trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) respectively. The concentration of Cr was significantly higher during '70-'80s, in both species coinciding with tannery industry development. Both species of pinnipeds have been differentially exposed to trace elements depending on their feeding area. A pelagic diet, possibly based on squid, increased the concentration of Cd in A. australis, while O. byronia has been more exposed to anthropogenic Pb and Cu associated to a costal and more benthic diet. Our results highlight dentin as a reliable matrix for historic studies on the exposure to trace elements. In light of our results, the O. byronia's declining population could be the result of the synergistic effects of trace elements together with other ecological pressures faced in their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite De María
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Diana Szteren
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | | | - Carlos E de Rezende
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Araújo Gonçalves
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - José Marcus Godoy
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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16
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Reichstädter M, Divis P, Abdulbur-Alfakhoury E, Gao Y. Simultaneous determination of mercury, cadmium and lead in fish sauce using Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films technique. Talanta 2020; 217:121059. [PMID: 32498878 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fish sauce is a popular seasoning liquid originating from southeastern Asian cuisine, consisting of fermented fish, salt and additional ingredients. Fish can contain high amounts of metals, some of which are hazardous for human health. Therefore, authorities responsible for food safety and quality should monitor the levels of these contaminants in fish and fish deviated products. In this work, the passive sampling technique of Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) containing Chelex-100 and Purolite S924 resin gels, is used for the determination of dissolved mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in fish sauce. The DGT performance test showed linear accumulation of Hg, Cd and Pb on the binding gels versus deployment time. A wide range of pH and salt concentration did not affect the performance of the DGT. The effective diffusion coefficients of Hg, Cd and Pb in diffusive gels were determined by applying a series of deployments in fish sauce solution. Besides the direct sampling with the DGT technique, fish sauce samples were also digested using a microwave oven. Analyses of DGT and microwave oven digested samples were performed with Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS). Both methods were then used for the analysis of fish sauces from local retail stores. Due to the preconcentration ability of DGT, lower detection limits of Hg, Cd and Pb could be achieved compared to the microwave digestion method. The DGT technique offers a more sensitive method for trace element analysis in complex food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Reichstädter
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium; Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Purkynova 118, Brno, 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Divis
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Purkynova 118, Brno, 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Ehab Abdulbur-Alfakhoury
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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17
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Gökalp FD, Doğanlar O, Doğanlar ZB, Güner U. The genotoxic effects of mixture of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chromium on the gill tissue of adult zebrafish ( Danio rerio, Hamilton 1822). Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1158-1167. [PMID: 32847431 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1810260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the genotoxic effects of mixtures of five metals on zebrafish at two different concentrations; at the permissible maximum contamination levels in drinking water and irrigation waters. The drinking water limits are as follows: 300 µg/L for Aluminum (Al+3), 10 µg/L for Arsenic (As+3), 5 µg/L for Cadmium (Cd+2), 10 µg/L for Cobalt (Co+2), and 50 µg/L for Chromium (Cr+2). The irrigation water limits: 5000 µg/L for Al+3, 100 µg/L for As+3, 10 µg/L for Cd+2, 50 µg/L for Co+2, and 100 µg/L for Cr+2. The zebrafish underwent chronic exposure for periods of 5, 10, and 20 days. The gene expressions for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), stress-specific receptor protein NCCRP1, the heat shock proteins: Hsp9, Hsp14, Hsp60, Hsp70, DNA repair (XRCC1 and EXO1), and apoptosis (BOK and BAX) were evaluated. It was found that exposure to the low- and high-concentrations of the heavy metal mixtures caused cell stress, an increased expression of the antioxidant genes, and repair proteins. As the duration of exposure was increased, the cells progressed through the apoptotic pathway. This was more evident in the high-concentration exposure groups. The results demonstrated the necessity for a reevaluation of the maximum values of heavy metal and toxic element concentrations as prescribed by the Local Standing Rules of Water Pollution Control Regulation, as well as a reevaluation of the limitations of heavy metal mixture interactions with respect to ecological balance and environmental health.HighlightsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of a mixture of Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium on zebrafish, within drinking water, and irrigation water limits determining the concentration.The zebrafish were exposed to two different concentrations of each metal mixture for 5-, 10-, and 20-day periods. Following exposure, gene expressions of the zebrafish's gill tissues were examined.As a result of the exposure to the metal mixtures, the following occurred: cell stress, increased antioxidant gene activity, and attempts to protect cell viability. However, the cells progressed through the apoptotic pathway after prolonged exposure.The results demonstrated the necessity for a reevaluation of the maximum limits of metal and toxic element concentrations as stated in the Standing Rules of Water Pollution Control Regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Dilek Gökalp
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Doğanlar
- Medicine Faculty, Department of Medicine Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Banu Doğanlar
- Medicine Faculty, Department of Medicine Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Utku Güner
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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18
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Tripodi MA, Andrioli NB, Suárez OV. Genotoxicity evaluation using micronucleus test in Rattus norvegicus captured in urban ecosystems of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27626-27634. [PMID: 32394259 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The overall goal of the present study was to evaluate and compare the existence of genotoxic damage in Rattus norvegicus captured in sites with different levels of chemical mixtures along the Matanza-Riachuelo river basin (MRRB). For this, thirty-six wild rats (R. norvegicus) were captured from six different sites in the MRRB. Capture sites were characterized with concentrations of 20 parameters in surface water, including concentrations of metals and its soluble state and physicochemical parameters. To evaluate genotoxic damage in the rats, the bone marrow micronucleus test was performed. For this, the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) was calculated based on the observation of 2000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) per animal. Also, to detect possible cytotoxic effects, the PCE/TE (total erythrocytes) ratio in 1000 erythrocytes/animal was calculated. The frequency of MNPCE was positively associated with the highest concentration of chrome, lead, copper, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand. Also, the decrease on PCE/TE ratio in bone marrow was related with increase of practically all metals and physicochemical parameters in surface water. The results of this study reveal that rats that live in the MRRB were exposed to concentrations of pollutants that can cause genotoxic damage, even though the concentrations of these pollutants are mostly below the safety standards. Therefore, this work highlights the importance of using methods that allow to integrate all environmental parameters in risk assessment, such as sentinel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Alejandra Tripodi
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Ecología de Roedores Urbanos, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Núñez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nancy Beatriz Andrioli
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Grupo de investigación en Biología Evolutiva, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Núñez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Olga Virginia Suárez
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Ecología de Roedores Urbanos, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Núñez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Arab-Nozari M, Mohammadi E, Shokrzadeh M, Ahangar N, Amiri FT, Shaki F. Co-exposure to non-toxic levels of cadmium and fluoride induces hepatotoxicity in rats via triggering mitochondrial oxidative damage, apoptosis, and NF-kB pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:24048-24058. [PMID: 32304050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F) and cadmium (Cd) are two common water pollutants. There is low information about their co-exposure in low doses. So, in this study, we evaluated the combination effects of non-toxic doses of F and Cd and the possible mechanism of their combined interaction. Male rats were exposed to non-toxic doses of sodium fluoride (30 mg/l) and/or cadmium chloride (40 mg/l) in drinking water for 6 weeks. Then, liver tissues were separated and several factors including oxidative stress, mitochondrial toxicity, inflammation, apoptosis, and biochemical and histopathological changes were evaluated. Cd and F alone did not induce any significant changes in evaluated factors compared to control group, while significant elevation in liver enzymes as well as histopathological changes were observed in rats treated with F+Cd. Also, a remarkable increase in oxidative stress markers including reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl and also decreasing glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels were detected following co-exposure to F and Cd. Furthermore, a combination of F and Cd resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, swelling, as well as a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential in isolated liver mitochondria. On the other hand, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-kB inflammatory genes were upregulated in the liver after combined exposure to F and Cd compared to individual treatments. Also, F+Cd treatment increased the Bax expression but decreased the expression of Bcl-2 significantly. These findings suggest that Cd and F can potentiate their individual toxic effects on the liver tissue through disruption of the cellular redox status, inflammation, and apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Arab-Nozari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nematollah Ahangar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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20
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Daochalermwong A, Chanka N, Songsrirote K, Dittanet P, Niamnuy C, Seubsai A. Removal of Heavy Metal Ions Using Modified Celluloses Prepared from Pineapple Leaf Fiber. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5285-5296. [PMID: 32201817 PMCID: PMC7081430 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Since large amounts of pineapple leaves are abandoned after harvest in agricultural areas, the possibility of developing value-added products from them is of interest. In this work, cellulose fiber was extracted from pineapple leaves and modified with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and carboxymethyl (CM) groups to produce Cell-EDTA and Cell-CM, respectively, which were then used as heavy metal ion adsorbents. A solution of either lead ion (Pb2+) or cadmium ion (Cd2+) was used as wastewater for the purpose of studying adsorption efficiencies. The adsorption efficiencies of Cell-EDTA and Cell-CM were significantly higher than those of the unmodified cellulose in the pH range 1-7. Maximum adsorptions toward Pb2+ and Cd2+ were, for Cell-EDTA, 41.2 and 33.2 mg g-1, respectively, and, for Cell-CM, 63.4 and 23.0 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption behaviors of Cell-CM for Pb2+ and Cd2+ fitted well with a pseudo-first-order model, but those of Cell-EDTA for Pb2+ and Cd2+ fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model. All of the adsorption behaviors could be described using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Desorption studies of Pb2+ and Cd2+ on both adsorbents using 1 M HCl suggested that regenerability of Cell-EDTA was, for both adsorbates, better than that of Cell-CM. Moreover, adsorption measurements in a mixture of Pb2+ and Cd2+ at various ratios showed that for both adsorbents the adsorption of Pb2+ was higher than that of Cd2+, while the adsorption selectivity for Pb2+ of Cell-CM was greater than that of Cell-EDTA. This study showed that the modified cellulosic adsorbents made from pineapple leaves were able to efficiently adsorb metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amphol Daochalermwong
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Center of Excellence
on Petrochemical and Materials Technology; and Research Network of
NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy
and Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Napassorn Chanka
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Center of Excellence
on Petrochemical and Materials Technology; and Research Network of
NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy
and Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kriangsak Songsrirote
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Peerapan Dittanet
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Center of Excellence
on Petrochemical and Materials Technology; and Research Network of
NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy
and Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chalida Niamnuy
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Center of Excellence
on Petrochemical and Materials Technology; and Research Network of
NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy
and Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Seubsai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Center of Excellence
on Petrochemical and Materials Technology; and Research Network of
NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy
and Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Markosian C, Mirzoyan N. Wastewater-based epidemiology as a novel assessment approach for population-level metal exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:1125-1132. [PMID: 31466152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pollution by heavy metals and metalloids is detrimental to human health due to their toxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects. The traditional approach to assess the extent of environmental and occupational exposures of metals is human biomonitoring (HBM). This method has several limitations, including invasiveness, sampling bias, cost- and time-intensiveness, and ethical issues. This suggests the need for a more robust, non-invasive, epidemiological tool for assessment of exposure to metals and their public health effects. Recently, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been suggested and utilized as a novel approach to accurately determine the extent of exposure to multiple substances on the population level. We suggest the potential application of WBE to the study of metal exposure on the population level, including possible biomarkers for wastewater analysis of 10 metals belonging to three categories according to health effects and nutritional benefits, and its public health implications. Similar to previous studies of exposure to regulated or illegal drugs, unregulated legal substances, and pesticides, WBE can be applied to the study of metal exposure in a given community. Parental substance biomarkers (PSBs), metabolic substance biomarkers (MSBs), and non-substance biomarkers (NSBs) of 10 common metals are available for consideration in wastewater analysis. The use of WBE would allow for the interpretation of the relationship between metal exposure and population health, reveal synergistic effects of different health factors, and model public health risks under different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Markosian
- Acopian Center for the Environment, American University of Armenia, 40 Marshal Baghramyan Avenue, Yerevan 0019, Republic of Armenia
| | - Natella Mirzoyan
- Acopian Center for the Environment, American University of Armenia, 40 Marshal Baghramyan Avenue, Yerevan 0019, Republic of Armenia.
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Chen Y, Wu F, Liu X, Parvez F, LoIacono NJ, Gibson EA, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Levy D, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Lomax A, Saxena R, Sanchez T, Santiago D, Ellis T, Ahsan H, Wasserman GA, Graziano JH. Early life and adolescent arsenic exposure from drinking water and blood pressure in adolescence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108681. [PMID: 31520830 PMCID: PMC7010462 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence of the association between inorganic arsenic (As) exposure, especially early-life exposure, and blood pressure (BP) in adolescence is limited. We examined the association of As exposure during early childhood, childhood, and adolescence with BP in adolescence. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 726 adolescents aged 14-17 (mean 14.75) years whose mothers were participants in the Bangladesh Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS). Adolescents' BP was measured at the time of their recruitment between December 2012 and December 2016. We considered maternal urinary As (UAs), repeatedly measured during childhood, as proxy measures of early childhood (<5 years old, A1) and childhood (5-12 years old, A2) exposure. Adolescents' current UAs was collected at the time of recruitment (14-17 years of age, A3). RESULTS Every doubling of UAs at A3 and maternal UAs at A1 was positively associated with a difference of 0.7-mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1, 1.3) and a 0.7-mmHg (95% CI: 0.05, 1.4) in SBP, respectively. These associations were stronger in adolescents with a BMI above the median (17.7 kg/m2) than those with a BMI below the median (P for interaction = 0.03 and 0.03, respectively). There was no significant association between any of the exposure measures and DBP. The Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression confirmed that adolescents' UAs at A3 and maternal UAs at A1 contributed the most to the overall effect of As exposure at three life stages on SBP. Mixture analyses using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression identified UAs at A3 as a significant contributor to SBP and DBP independent of other concurrent blood levels of cadmium, lead, manganese, and selenium. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest an association of current exposure and early childhood exposure to As with higher BP in adolescents, which may be exacerbated by higher BMI at adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Departments of Population Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fen Wu
- Departments of Population Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy J LoIacono
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Diane Levy
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Taruqul Islam
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Angela Lomax
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany Sanchez
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Santiago
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tyler Ellis
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gail A Wasserman
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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A comparative assessment of metals and phthalates in commercial tea infusions: A starting point to evaluate their tolerance limits. Food Chem 2019; 288:193-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Ata SA, Abu-Dari KI, Tutunji MF, Mubarak MS. Reversing the adverse biochemical effects in lead-intoxicated rats by N,N`- bis[(1,2-didehydro-1-hydroxy-2-thioxopyrid-4-yl)-carbonyl]- L-lysine. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:93-99. [PMID: 30262322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
N,N`-Bis[(1,2-didehydro-1-hydroxy-2-thioxopyrid-4-yl)-carbonyl]- L-lysine (HTPL) is a novel newly synthesized compound intended to be used for the chelation of lead in intoxicated animals. Subchronic lead intoxication experiments were carried out on Wistar male rats; these rats were intoxicated with lead and then treated with HTPL. Results were compared with those obtained with known compounds used for lead chelation therapy, such as disodium ethylnediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccininc acid (DMSA), using different routes of administration. Biological samples of whole blood and urine were collected and analyzed for urinary proporphyrins, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, and zinc protoporphyrin. Results revealed that HTPL can remarkably reverse the toxic effects of lead intoxication at biochemical levels. Additionally, results showed that this agent is as good or even more potent than calcium disodium ethylnediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccininc acid (DMSA) in reversing the toxic effect of lead. More importantly, HTPL was found effective when administrated intraperitoneally and orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah A Ata
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman-Jordan, 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Kamal I Abu-Dari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Maha F Tutunji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
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25
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Anyanwu BO, Ezejiofor AN, Igweze ZN, Orisakwe OE. Heavy Metal Mixture Exposure and Effects in Developing Nations: An Update. TOXICS 2018; 6:E65. [PMID: 30400192 PMCID: PMC6316100 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The drive for development and modernization has come at great cost. Various human activities in developed and developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have given rise to environmental safety concerns. Increased artisanal mining activities, illegal refining, use of leaded petrol, airborne dust, arbitrary discarding and burning of toxic waste, absorption of production industries in inhabited areas, inadequate environmental legislation, and weak implementation of policies, have given rise to the incomparable contamination and pollution associated with heavy metals in recent decades. This review evaluates the public health effects of heavy metals and their mixtures in SSA. This shows the extent and size of the problem posed by exposure to heavy metal mixtures in regard to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brilliance Onyinyechi Anyanwu
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
| | - Anthonet Ndidiamaka Ezejiofor
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
| | - Zelinjo Nkeiruka Igweze
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University Elele, PMB, 5001 Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria.
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
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26
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Jankovská I, Sloup V, Száková J, Magdálek J, Nechybová S, Peřinková P, Langrová I. How tapeworm infection and consumption of a Cd and Zn hyperaccumulating plant may affect Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations in an animal-a plant consumer and tapeworm host. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:4190-4196. [PMID: 29177784 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of a hyperaccumulator plant (Arabidopsis halleri), containing surplus of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) and being an admixture to the rat feed, on concentrations of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) in the tissues of experimental rats infected/uninfected with the tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta). Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (00, P0, and PT); the P0 and PT animals were fed a standard mixture for rats (ST-1) supplemented with the plant A. halleri at a weekly Zn and Cd dosage of 123 and 1 mg, respectively. Moreover, rats from the group PT were infected with the tapeworm. The group 00 served as control animals fed only ST-1 having no tapeworm infection. Rats were euthanized after 6 weeks, and Cu, Fe, and Mn levels were determined in rat and tapeworm tissues. The results indicated that both the consumption of hyperaccumulator plant and/or presence of tapeworms did have significant effect on Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations in the host tissues. Concentrations of all the elements were higher in the rat liver and partially kidneys than in the tapeworms, and the concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Mn were affected by the consumption of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator plants. Particularly, Fe concentrations in all rat tissues were significantly increased by consumption of A. halleri while decreased by the presence of tapeworms. Overall, the consumption of a Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator plant and tapeworm infection cause an imbalance in Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations in the tissues of a consumer (experimental rats).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jankovská
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladislav Sloup
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Magdálek
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Nechybová
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Peřinková
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Langrová
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 957, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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27
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Bondy SC, Campbell A. Water Quality and Brain Function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 15:E2. [PMID: 29267198 PMCID: PMC5800103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the United States, regulations are in place to ensure the quality of drinking water. Such precautions are intended to safeguard the health of the population. However, regulatory guidelines may at times fail to achieve their purpose. This may be due to lack of sufficient data regarding the health hazards of chronic low dose exposure to contaminants or the introduction of new substances that pose a health hazard risk that has yet to be identified. In this review, examples of different sources of contaminants in drinking water will be discussed, followed by an evaluation of some select individual toxicants with known adverse neurological impact. The ability of mixtures to potentially cause additive, synergistic, or antagonistic neurotoxic responses will be briefly addressed. The last section of the review will provide examples of select mechanisms by which different classes of contaminants may lead to neurological impairments. The main objective of this review is to bring to light the importance of considering trace amounts of chemicals in the drinking water and potential brain abnormalities. There is continued need for toxicology studies to better understand negative consequences of trace amounts of toxins and although it is beyond the scope of this brief overview it is hoped that the review will underscore the paucity of studies focused on determining how long-term exposure to minute levels of contaminants in drinking water may pose a significant health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617-1830, USA.
| | - Arezoo Campbell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA.
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28
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Ljungvall K, Magnusson U, Korvela M, Norrby M, Bergquist J, Persson S. Heavy metal concentrations in female wild mink (Neovison vison) in Sweden: Sources of variation and associations with internal organ weights. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2030-2035. [PMID: 28000953 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The American mink is an invasive species in Sweden, and it is legally hunted all year. Therefore, the mink is well suited as a sentinel species for environmental monitoring. In the present study female mink (n = 91) from 6 different areas in Sweden were analyzed for the concentrations of silver, cadmium, mercury and lead in liver tissue using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The wet concentrations in liver tissue were 42.6 ± 52.7 ng/g for silver, 99.5 ± 100 ng/g for cadmium, 652 ± 537 ng/g for mercury, and 196 ± 401 ng/g for lead (expressed as mean ± standard deviation). There were associations between the sample area and the concentrations of silver, lead, and mercury. The concentrations of lead and cadmium varied with season of capture and lead, cadmium, and mercury were positively associated with increasing age. Relative liver weight was positively associated with concentrations of mercury and negatively associated with lead and cadmium. Relative kidney weight was negatively associated with lead concentrations. In summary, it is of importance to take age and season of capture into account when assessing levels of heavy metals in wild mink. Also, liver and kidneys seem to be potential targets for heavy metal toxicity in wild female mink in Sweden. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2030-2035. © 2016 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Ljungvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Korvela
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Norrby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Persson
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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29
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Fang GC, Xiao YF, Zhuang YJ, Cho MH, Huang CY, Tsai KH. PM 2.5 particulates and metallic elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) study in a mixed area of summer season in Shalu, Taiwan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:791-802. [PMID: 27372658 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has become an important environmental issue in Taiwan during the past few years. Moreover, electricity increased significantly during the summertime and TTPP generated by coal burning base is the main electricity provider in central Taiwan. Therefore, summer season has become the main research target in this study. The ambient air concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 collected by using VAPS at a mixed characteristic sampling site were studied in central Taiwan. The results indicated that the average daytime PM2.5 and PM10 particulate concentrations were occurred in May and they were 44.75 and 57.77 µg/m3 in this study. The results also indicated that the average nighttime PM2.5 and PM10 particulate concentrations were occurred in June and they were 38.19 and 45.79 µg/m3 in this study. The average PM2.5/PM10 ratios were 0.7 for daytime, nighttime and 24-h sampling periods in the summer for this study. This value was ranked as the lowest ratios when compared to the other seasons in previous study. Noteworthy, the results further indicated that the metallic element Pb has the mean highest concentrations for 24-h, daytime and nighttime sampling periods when compared to those of the other metallic elements (Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd). The average mean highest metallic Pb concentrations in PM10 were 110.7, 203.0 and 207.2 ng/m3 for 24-h, daytime and nighttime sampling periods in this study. And there were 59.53, 105.2 and 106.6 ng/m3 for Pb in PM2.5 for 24-h, daytime and nighttime sampling periods, respectively. Moreover, the results further indicated that mean metallic element Pb concentrations on PM2.5 and PM10 were all higher than those of the other elements for 24 h, day and nighttime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guor-Cheng Fang
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan.
| | - You-Fu Xiao
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Jie Zhuang
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsien Cho
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Huang
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsiang Tsai
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
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30
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Andrade VM, Aschner M, Marreilha dos Santos AP. Neurotoxicity of Metal Mixtures. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 18:227-265. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Liu X, Shen X, Lai Y, Ji K, Sun H, Wang Y, Hou C, Zou N, Wan J, Yu J. Toxicological proteomic responses of halophyte Suaeda salsa to lead and zinc. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134P1:163-171. [PMID: 27616546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The long term (30 days) toxicological effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Pb2+ (20μg/L) and Zn2+ (100μg/L) were characterized in Suaeda salsa using proteomics techniques. The responsive proteins were related to metabolism (Krebs cycle and Calvin cycle), protein biosynthesis, stress and defense, energy, signaling pathway and photosynthesis in Pb2+, Zn2+ and Pb2++ Zn2+ exposed groups in S. salsa after exposures for 30 days. The proteomic profiles also showed differential responses in S. salsa to metal exposures. In Pb2+-treated group, the proteins were categorized into cystein metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway. The responsive proteins were basically involved in glutathione metabolism, glycolysis, cystein and methane metabolism, and voltage-dependent anion channel in Zn2+-treated group. In Pb2++ Zn2+-treated group, the proecular mechanism at protein level remtein responses were devided into tyrosine metabolism and glycolysis. Our results showed that the two typical heavy metals, lead and zinc, could induce toxicological effects in halophyte S. salsa at protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China.
| | - Xuejiao Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Yongkai Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Kang Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Hushan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Chengzong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Ning Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Junli Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Junbao Yu
- The Coastal Resources and Environment Team for Blue-Yellow Area, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
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32
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Muthusamy S, Peng C, Ng JC. Effects of binary mixtures of benzo[a]pyrene, arsenic, cadmium, and lead on oxidative stress and toxicity in HepG2 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:41-51. [PMID: 27639076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mixed contamination of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) is a major environmental and human health concern. The mixture toxicity data on these co-contaminants are important for their risk assessment. In this study, we have determined the mixture toxicity of As, Cd and Pb, and B[a]P with As, Cd or Pb in HepG2 cells. The binary mixtures of Cd + As, Cd + Pb and As + Pb and B[a]P + metals (B[a]P + As, B[a]P + Cd and B[a]P + Pb) were evaluated for their interaction on the cytotoxicity using the MTS assay. A full factorial design (4 × 5) was used to determine the interaction toxicity and all the six mixtures showed significant interaction on the cytotoxicity. We further investigated the role of oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation) and antioxidant defense mechanism (total glutathione (GSH) level) with the observed cytotoxicity. The mixtures of metals reduced the total GSH level and increased the ROS generation, respectively. In the case of mixtures of B[a]P and metals, both total GSH level and ROS generation were increased. Overall, the binary mixtures of metals and B[a]P with metals caused a dose dependent toxicity to HepG2 cells. The results also showed a significant contribution of oxidative stress to the observed toxicity and the potential protective role of the total GSH level against this mixture toxicity. The findings of interaction between B[a]P and metals might have an impact on the potential human health risk of this mixtures at contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikumar Muthusamy
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Member of Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), Coopers Plains, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia; CRC CARE, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Cheng Peng
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Member of Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), Coopers Plains, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia; CRC CARE, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jack C Ng
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Member of Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), Coopers Plains, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia; CRC CARE, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Mortazavi S, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Levels of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, and manganese in serum and whole blood of resident adults from mining and non-mining communities in Ghana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22220-22221. [PMID: 27665462 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Smj Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Shiraz Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrodasht Street, Shiraz, 7144833586, Iran.
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l-Theanine attenuates cadmium-induced neurotoxicity through the inhibition of oxidative damage and tau hyperphosphorylation. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:95-103. [PMID: 27649883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has long been known to induce neurological degenerative disorders. We studied effects of l-theanine, one of the major amino acid components in green tea, on Cd-induced brain injury in mice. Male ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with l-theanine (100 or 200mg/kg/day) or saline and after one hour these mice were orally administrated with CdCl2 (3.75-6mg/kg). The treatment was conducted for 8 weeks. l-Theanine significantly reduced Cd level in the mouse brain and plasma. Cd-induced neuronal cell death in the mouse cortex and hippocampus were apparently inhibited by l-theanine treatment. l-Theanine also decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS, and obviously elevated the levels of glutathione (GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the mouse brain. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein is proposed to be an early event for the evolution of tau pathology, and may play an important role in Cd-induced neurodegeneration. Our results showed that l-theanine significantly suppressed Cd-induced tau protein hyperphosphorylation at Ser199, Ser202, and Ser396. Mechanism study showed that l-theanine inhibited the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) which contributed to the hyperphosphorylation of tau and Cd-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, l-theanine reduced Cd-induced cytotoxicity possibly by interfering with the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study indicated that l-theanine protected mice against Cd-induced neurotoxicity through reducing brain Cd level and relieved oxidative damage and tau hyperphosphorylation. Our foundings provide a novel insight into the potential use of l-theanine as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for Cd-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Wu X, Cobbina SJ, Mao G, Xu H, Zhang Z, Yang L. A review of toxicity and mechanisms of individual and mixtures of heavy metals in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8244-59. [PMID: 26965280 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The rational for the study was to review the literature on the toxicity and corresponding mechanisms associated with lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), individually and as mixtures, in the environment. Heavy metals are ubiquitous and generally persist in the environment, enabling them to biomagnify in the food chain. Living systems most often interact with a cocktail of heavy metals in the environment. Heavy metal exposure to biological systems may lead to oxidation stress which may induce DNA damage, protein modification, lipid peroxidation, and others. In this review, the major mechanism associated with toxicities of individual metals was the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, toxicities were expressed through depletion of glutathione and bonding to sulfhydryl groups of proteins. Interestingly, a metal like Pb becomes toxic to organisms through the depletion of antioxidants while Cd indirectly generates ROS by its ability to replace iron and copper. ROS generated through exposure to arsenic were associated with many modes of action, and heavy metal mixtures were found to have varied effects on organisms. Many models based on concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) have been introduced to help predict toxicities and mechanisms associated with metal mixtures. An integrated model which combines CA and IA was further proposed for evaluating toxicities of non-interactive mixtures. In cases where there are molecular interactions, the toxicogenomic approach was used to predict toxicities. The high-throughput toxicogenomics combines studies in genetics, genome-scale expression, cell and tissue expression, metabolite profiling, and bioinformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Samuel J Cobbina
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Abdel Aziz AM, Sh Hamed S, Gaballah MA. Possible Relationship between Chronic Telogen Effluvium and Changes in Lead, Cadmium, Zinc, and Iron Total Blood Levels in Females: A Case-Control Study. Int J Trichology 2015; 7:100-6. [PMID: 26622152 PMCID: PMC4639951 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7753.167465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hair loss is a common and distressing problem that can affect both males and females of all ages. Chronic telogen effluvium (CTE) is idiopathic diffuse scalp hair shedding of at least 6 months duration. Hair loss can be one of the symptoms of metal toxicity. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are highly toxic metals that can cause acute and chronic health problems in human. The aim of the present study is to determine if there is a relationship between these metals and CTE in women and if CTE is also associated with changes in zinc (Zn) or iron (Fe) blood levels. Materials and Methods: Pb, Cd, Fe and Zn total blood levels were determined in 40 female patients fulfilling the criteria of CTH and compared with total blood levels of same elements in 30 well-matched healthy women. Results: Quantitative analysis of total blood Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd revealed that there were no significant differences between patients and controls regarding Fe, Zn, and Pb. Yet, Cd level was significantly higher in patients than controls. In addition, Cd level showed significant positive correlation with the patient's body weight. Conclusion: Estimation of blood Pb and Cd levels can be important in cases of CTE as Cd toxicity can be the underlying hidden cause of such idiopathic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Abdel Aziz
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameera Sh Hamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Gaballah
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
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Cabral M, Toure A, Garçon G, Diop C, Bouhsina S, Dewaele D, Cazier F, Courcot D, Tall-Dia A, Shirali P, Diouf A, Fall M, Verdin A. Effects of environmental cadmium and lead exposure on adults neighboring a discharge: Evidences of adverse health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015. [PMID: 26196314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine Pb and Cd concentrations in humans and to assess the effect of co-exposure to these metals on biomarkers of oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity. Blood and urine levels of Pb and Cd, oxidative stress and urinary renal biomarkers were measured in 77 subjects neighboring a discharge and 52 in the control site. Exposed subjects showed significantly higher levels of lead and cadmium in blood and urine than the controls. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species induced by these metals in exposed subjects conducted to a decrease in antioxidant defense system (GPx, Selenium, GSH) and an increase in lipid peroxidation (MDA). Moreover, changes in markers of nephrotoxicity (high urinary concentrations of total protein, RBP and CC16, as well as GSTα and LDH increased activities) suggested the occurrence of discrete and early signs of impaired renal function for the discharge neighboring population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Cabral
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Aminata Toure
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; Département de Toxicologie, Santé publique et Environnement, EA 4483, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille 2, France
| | - Cheikh Diop
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Saâd Bouhsina
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Dorothée Dewaele
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 1, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 1, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anta Tall-Dia
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Pirouz Shirali
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Amadou Diouf
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Fall
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France.
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Cobbina SJ, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Wu X, Zhao T, Zhang Z, Feng W, Wang W, Li Q, Wu X, Yang L. Toxicity assessment due to sub-chronic exposure to individual and mixtures of four toxic heavy metals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 294:109-120. [PMID: 25863025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a cocktail of heavy metal toxicants in the environment. Though heavy metals are deleterious, there is a paucity of information on toxicity of low dose mixtures. In this study, lead (Pb) (0.01mg/L), mercury (Hg) (0.001mg/L), cadmium (Cd) (0.005mg/L) and arsenic (As) (0.01mg/L) were administered individually and as mixtures to 10 groups of 40 three-week old mice (20 males and 20 females), for 120 days. The study established that low dose exposures induced toxicity to the brain, liver, and kidney of mice. Metal mixtures showed higher toxicities compared to individual metals, as exposure to low dose Pb+Hg+Cd reduced brain weight and induced structural lesions, such as neuronal degeneration in 30-days. Pb+Hg+Cd and Pb+Hg+As+Cd exposure induced hepatocellular injury to mice evidenced by decreased antioxidant activities with marginal increases in MDA. These were accentuated by increases in ALT, AST and ALP. Interactions in metal mixtures were basically synergistic in nature and exposure to Pb+Hg+As+Cd induced renal tubular necrosis in kidneys of mice. This study underlines the importance of elucidating the toxicity of low dose metal mixtures so as to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Cobbina
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xueshan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Cobbina SJ, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Wu X, Feng W, Wang W, Mao G, Xu H, Zhang Z, Wu X, Yang L. Low concentration toxic metal mixture interactions: Effects on essential and non-essential metals in brain, liver, and kidneys of mice on sub-chronic exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 132:79-86. [PMID: 25828250 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of long term exposure to individual toxic metals in low doses are well documented. There is however, a paucity of information on interaction of low dose toxic metal mixtures with toxic and essential metals. This study reports on interactions between low dose mixtures of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) and toxic and essential metals. For 120d, six groups of forty mice each were exposed to metal mixtures, however, the control group was given distilled water. Exposure to Pb+Cd increased brain Pb by 479% in 30d, whiles Pb+Hg+As+Cd reduced liver Hg by 46.5%, but increased kidney As by 130% in 30d. Brain Cu, increased by 221% on Pb+Hg+As+Cd exposure, however, liver Ca reduced by 36.1% on Pb+Hg exposure in 60-d. Interactions within metal mixtures were largely synergistic. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that low dose metal exposures influenced greatly levels of Hg (in brain and liver) and As (brain). The influence exerted on essential metals was highest in liver (PC1) followed by kidney (PC2) and brain (PC3). Exposure to low dose metal mixtures affected homeostasis of toxic and essential metals in tissues of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Cobbina
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xueshan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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40
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Andrade VL, Mateus ML, Batoréu MC, Aschner M, Marreilha dos Santos AP. Lead, Arsenic, and Manganese Metal Mixture Exposures: Focus on Biomarkers of Effect. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 166:13-23. [PMID: 25693681 PMCID: PMC4470849 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The increasing exposure of human populations to excessive levels of metals continues to represent a matter of public health concern. Several biomarkers have been studied and proposed for the detection of adverse health effects induced by lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and manganese (Mn); however, these studies have relied on exposures to each single metal, which fails to replicate real-life exposure scenarios. These three metals are commonly detected in different environmental, occupational, and food contexts and they share common neurotoxic effects, which are progressive and once clinically apparent may be irreversible. Thus, chronic exposure to low levels of a mixture of these metals may represent an additive risk of toxicity. Building upon their shared mechanisms of toxicity, such as oxidative stress, interference with neurotransmitters, and effects on the hematopoietic system, we address putative biomarkers, which may assist in assessing the onset of neurological diseases associated with exposure to this metal mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- VL Andrade
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - ML Mateus
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - MC Batoréu
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461 NY, USA
| | - AP Marreilha dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Corresponding author – , Tel – 351217946400, Fax - 351217946470
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Schilz JR, Reddy KJ, Nair S, Johnson TE, Tjalkens RB, Krueger KP, Clark S. Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability. J Vis Exp 2015:e52715. [PMID: 26132311 DOI: 10.3791/52715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ recovery (ISR) is the predominant method of uranium extraction in the United States. During ISR, uranium is leached from an ore body and extracted through ion exchange. The resultant production bleed water (PBW) contains contaminants such as arsenic and other heavy metals. Samples of PBW from an active ISR uranium facility were treated with cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs). CuO-NP treatment of PBW reduced priority contaminants, including arsenic, selenium, uranium, and vanadium. Untreated and CuO-NP treated PBW was used as the liquid component of the cell growth media and changes in viability were determined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay in human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2) cells. CuO-NP treatment was associated with improved HEK and HEP cell viability. Limitations of this method include dilution of the PBW by growth media components and during osmolality adjustment as well as necessary pH adjustment. This method is limited in its wider context due to dilution effects and changes in the pH of the PBW which is traditionally slightly acidic however; this method could have a broader use assessing CuO-NP treatment in more neutral waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi R Schilz
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, University of New Mexico;
| | - K J Reddy
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming
| | | | - Thomas E Johnson
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University
| | | | | | - Suzanne Clark
- College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University
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Erdem O, Yazihan N, Kocak MK, Sayal A, Akcil E. Influence of chronic cadmium exposure on the tissue distribution of copper and zinc and oxidative stress parameters in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2015; 32:1505-1514. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233714566875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral cadmium (Cd) intoxication on the antioxidant response and its relationship with essential bioelements like copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). The experimental group was chronically exposed to Cd daily for 8 weeks via consumption of water containing 15 ppm cadmium chloride. Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed in liver, kidney, and heart tissues. Exposure to Cd led to a significant decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase in all considered samples while a significant increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase except for the kidney. We found a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration in the tissues except for heart. Also oral administration of Cd caused a significant reduction of Zn and Cu in the tissues. Our results allow us to hypothesize that higher Cd concentration in the tissues causes oxidative stress by increasing malondialdehyde as a means of altering antioxidant defense system and deterioration of bioelements in rat liver, kidney, and heart. In addition, further studies are needed to explain the effect of long-term, low-dose exposure to Cd on distribution of bioelements and its relationship with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Erdem
- Department of Toxicology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuray Yazihan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kacar Kocak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sayal
- Department of Toxicology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ethem Akcil
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Golasik M, Jawień W, Przybyłowicz A, Szyfter W, Herman M, Golusiński W, Florek E, Piekoszewski W. Classification models based on the level of metals in hair and nails of laryngeal cancer patients: diagnosis support or rather speculation? Metallomics 2015; 7:455-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several larynx cancer prediction models were built and each was weighted according to their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Golasik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in R. Kraków
- 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Jawień
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy
- Jagiellonian University School of Medicine
- 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Przybyłowicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in R. Kraków
- 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Witold Szyfter
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology
- University of Medical Sciences
- Przybyszewskiego 4960-355 Poznań, Poland
- Clinic of Phoniatrics and Audiology
- University of Medical Sciences
| | - Małgorzata Herman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in R. Kraków
- 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Golusiński
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology
- University of Medical Sciences
- Przybyszewskiego 4960-355 Poznań, Poland
- Greater Poland Cancer Center
- 61-866 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Florek
- Laboratory of Environmental Research
- Department of Toxicology
- University of Medical Sciences
- 60-631 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in R. Kraków
- 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Milnerowicz H, Ściskalska M, Dul M. Pro-inflammatory effects of metals in persons and animals exposed to tobacco smoke. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 29:1-10. [PMID: 24916792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metals present in tobacco smoke have the ability to cause a pro-oxidant/antioxidant imbalance through the direct generation of free radicals in accordance with the Fenton or Haber-Weiss reaction and redox properties. Metals can also interact with antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and small molecular antioxidants (glutathione) through binding to SH groups or by replacement of metals ions in the catalytic center of enzymes. Excessive free radicals production can induce an inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to review the information on the induction of inflammation by metals present in tobacco smoke such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg). In cellular immune response, it was demonstrated that radicals induced by metals can disrupt the transcription signaling pathway mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (induced by Pb), NLRP3-ASC-caspase 1 (induced by Ni), tyrosine kinase Src (induced by As) and the nuclear factor κB (induced by Pb, Ni, Hg). The result of this is a gene transcription for early inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukine 1β, Interleukine 6, and Tumor necrosis factor α). These cytokines can cause leukocytes recruitment and secretions of other pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which intensifies the inflammatory response. Some metals, such as cadmium (Cd), can activate an inflammatory response through tissue damage induction mediated by free radicals, which also results in leukocytes recruitment and cytokines secretions. Inflammation generated by metals can be reduced by metallothionein, which has the ability to scavenge free radicals and bind toxic metals through the release of Zn and oxidation of SH groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Milena Ściskalska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Dul
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Qayyum MA, Shah MH. Comparative assessment of selected metals in the scalp hair and nails of lung cancer patients and controls. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:305-22. [PMID: 24671620 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is seriously threatening human health and exposure to trace metals is the most important aetiology for lung cancer. Selected essential/toxic metals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Zn, Cu, Sr, Li, Co, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) are measured in the scalp hair and nails of lung cancer patients and controls by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method employing nitric acid-perchloric acid-based wet digestion. Average concentrations of Pb, Cd, Mn, Co and Cu are found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the scalp hair and nails of lung cancer patients compared with the controls, however, appreciably higher concentrations of Zn, Ca, Na, Mg and Cr are noted in the scalp hair of the controls. Most of the metal levels reveal higher dispersion and asymmetry in the scalp hair/nails of the patients compared with the controls. Average metal levels are also compared to investigate probable differences based on sex, abode, food and smoking habits. The correlation study shows significantly diverse mutual variations of the metals in the scalp hair and nails of the patients and controls. Considerable variations in the metal levels are also noted for various stages and types of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer). Multivariate apportionment of the metals in the scalp hair and nails of the patients and controls are also significantly diverse. The study reveals considerably divergent variations in the metal levels in lung cancer patients in comparison with healthy subjects.
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Neslund-Dudas C, Levin AM, Rundle A, Beebe-Dimmer J, Bock CH, Nock NL, Jankowski M, Datta I, Krajenta R, Dou QP, Mitra B, Tang D, Rybicki BA. Case-only gene-environment interaction between ALAD tagSNPs and occupational lead exposure in prostate cancer. Prostate 2014; 74:637-46. [PMID: 24500903 PMCID: PMC4112406 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black men have historically had higher blood lead levels than white men in the U.S. and have the highest incidence of prostate cancer in the world. Inorganic lead has been classified as a probable human carcinogen. Lead (Pb) inhibits delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), a gene recently implicated in other genitourinary cancers. The ALAD enzyme is involved in the second step of heme biosynthesis and is an endogenous inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, a master system for protein degradation and a current target of cancer therapy. METHODS Using a case-only study design, we assessed potential gene-environment (G × E) interactions between lifetime occupational Pb exposure and 11 tagSNPs within ALAD in black (N = 260) and white (N = 343) prostate cancer cases. RESULTS Two ALAD tagSNPs in high linkage disequilibrium showed significant interaction with high Pb exposure among black cases (rs818684 interaction odds ratio or IOR = 2.73, 95% CI 1.43-5.22, P = 0.002; rs818689 IOR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.15-4.21, P = 0.017) and an additional tagSNP, rs2761016, showed G × E interaction with low Pb exposure (IOR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.13-3.84, P = 0.019). Further, the variant allele of rs818684 was associated with a higher Gleason grade in those with high Pb exposure among both blacks (OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.01-15.46, P = 0.048) and whites (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.18-7.39, P = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation in ALAD may modify associations between Pb and prostate cancer. Additional studies of ALAD, Pb, and prostate cancer are warranted and should include black men. Prostate 74:637-646, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Neslund-Dudas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
- Population Studies and Prevention Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Albert M. Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
- Population Studies and Prevention Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Andrew Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer Beebe-Dimmer
- Population Studies and Prevention Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Cathryn H. Bock
- Population Studies and Prevention Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nora L. Nock
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michelle Jankowski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Indrani Datta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Richard Krajenta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Q. Ping Dou
- Developmental Therapeutics Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bharati Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Deliang Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NewYork, NewYork
| | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
- Population Studies and Prevention Programs, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
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Kumar BA, Reddy AG, Kumar PR, Reddy YR, Rao TM, Haritha C. Protective role of N-Acetyl L-Cysteine against reproductive toxicity due to interaction of lead and cadmium in male Wistar rats. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4:414-9. [PMID: 24082743 PMCID: PMC3783791 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.117021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: One of the target organs of heavy metals is testis and many authors proposed that oxidative stress could be responsible to induce their toxicity. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity, their toxicodynamic interaction and to evaluate therapeutic potential of N-Acetyl L-cysteine (NAC) against the reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Material and methods: rats were randomly divided into 8 groups comprising of 6 rats in each. Group 1 and 2 were syam and NAC control, Group 3, 4 and 5 were kept as toxic control groups such as lead, cadmium and lead + cadmium respectively, where as Group 6, 7 and 8 were therapeutic groups with NAC. The experiment scheduled for 3 months. Body weights, anti-oxidant profile (GSH, GST, TBARS and protein carbonyls) in testis, testis weight, testicular LDH, sperm count and histopathology were conducted. And also, interaction of Pb and Cd with zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in testis was assessed. Results: The present study revealed significant alterations in body weights, anti-oxidant profile, weights of testes, testicular LDH, sperm count, and concentration of Zn and Cu in toxic control groups 3, 4 and 5 as compared to control and NAC-treated groups. The toxic combination (Pb+Cd) group 5 showed significant alterations in protein carbonyls, GST levels and testicular LDH as compared to Pb and Cd alone administered groups and these results are substantiated with marked changes in the histopathology. All the NAC-treated groups revealed significant improvement in all the parameters. Conclusion: The results of the investigation revealed that Pb, Cd and their combination induces toxicity to the biological system due to the excess generation of free radicals and impairment of anti-oxidant defenses. Toxic effects were more pronounced in the group that received a combination of Pb and Cd, suggesting positive toxicodynamic interaction. Use of NAC countered the adverse effects of Pb and Cd induced toxicity to a major extent suggesting its anti-oxidant potential owing to replenishment of tissue pool of GSH. Further, NAC administration reduced the extent of accumulation of Pb and Cd in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banothu Anil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Korutla, Karimanagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Salińska A, Włostowski T, Oleńska E. Differential susceptibility to cadmium-induced liver and kidney injury in wild and laboratory-bred bank voles Myodes glareolus. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 65:324-31. [PMID: 23564442 PMCID: PMC3709087 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the sensitivity of wild and laboratory-bred bank voles to cadmium (Cd)-induced histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys. For 4 weeks, the male bank voles-both wild and laboratory-bred-were provided with diet containing Cd in quantities <0.1 (control), 30, and 60 μg/g dry weight. At the end of exposure period, histopathology and analyses of Cd, metallothionein (MT), glutathione (GSH), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and lipid peroxidation-all considered to be critical factors during the development of Cd toxicity in the liver and kidneys-were carried out. Histopathological changes (focal hepatocyte swelling, vacuolation and inflammation [leukocyte infiltration] in the liver, and focal proximal tubule degeneration [including epithelial cell swelling] in the kidneys) occurred only in the wild bank voles fed a diet containing 60 μg Cd/g. There were no differences in concentrations of Cd, MT, GSH, Zn, and Cu in liver and kidney between the respective groups of wild and laboratory-bred animals. However, a decrease of hepatic Fe and lipid peroxidation was observed in the wild voles exhibiting histopathological changes. These data indicate the following: (1) wild bank voles are more susceptible to Cd-induced liver and kidney injury than those bred and raised in the laboratory; (2) the difference in sensitivity may be associated with a distinct decrease of hepatic Fe in response to Cd exposure between the two groups of bank voles; and (3) dietary Cd may produce histopathological changes indirectly through decreasing the hepatic Fe and Fe-dependent oxidative processes. These results also suggest that histopathology in the liver and kidney of wild bank voles living in a contaminated environment may occur at relatively low levels of tissue Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Salińska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Włostowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Oleńska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
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Bernhoft RA. Cadmium toxicity and treatment. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:394652. [PMID: 23844395 PMCID: PMC3686085 DOI: 10.1155/2013/394652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal of considerable toxicity with destructive impact on most organ systems. It is widely distributed in humans, the chief sources of contamination being cigarette smoke, welding, and contaminated food and beverages. Toxic impacts are discussed and appear to be proportional to body burden of cadmium. Detoxification of cadmium with EDTA and other chelators is possible and has been shown to be therapeutically beneficial in humans and animals when done using established protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Bernhoft
- Bernhoft Centers for Advanced Medicine, 11677 San Vicente Blvd, Suite 208/211, Los Angeles, CA 93023, USA.
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Abbas S, Khan K, Khan MP, Nagar GK, Tewari D, Maurya SK, Dubey J, Ansari NG, Bandyopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay N. Developmental Exposure to As, Cd, and Pb Mixture Diminishes Skeletal Growth and Causes Osteopenia at Maturity via Osteoblast and Chondrocyte Malfunctioning in Female Rats. Toxicol Sci 2013; 134:207-20. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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