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Okyere J, Ayebeng C, Dickson KS. Burden of non-communicable diseases among women of reproductive age in Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078666. [PMID: 39002967 PMCID: PMC11253757 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among women of reproductive age in Kenya, highlighting the prevalence and risk factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional design based on the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey. SETTING Kenya. PRIMARY OUTCOMES Predict the burden of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, arthritis, depression, anxiety, breast and cervical cancer. RESULTS Overall, 15.9% of Kenyan women aged 15-49 years were living with at least one NCD. The most prevalent NCD among this cohort was hypertension (8.7%) followed by arthritis (2.9%) and depression (2.8%). Our findings revealed that increasing age, increasing wealth, being married or formerly married, being overweight or obese, consuming alcohol and some occupations were risk factors of NCDs among women of reproductive age in Kenya. CONCLUSION We conclude that hypertension is the most prevalent NCD among women of reproductive age in Kenya. The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of NCD risk factors in Kenya, emphasising the importance of targeted interventions that consider age, economic status, education, marital status, occupation and lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Okyere
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Castro Ayebeng
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Eileen L, Peterson M. High-Fat Diets Fed during Pregnancy Cause Changes to Pancreatic Tissue DNA Methylation and Protein Expression in the Offspring: A Multi-Omics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7317. [PMID: 39000422 PMCID: PMC11242410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity, caused by diets rich in fats and sugars during pregnancy, can predispose offspring to metabolic diseases such as diabetes. We hypothesized that obesity during pregnancy leads to increased DNA methylation and reduced protein expression in factors regulating β-cell function and apoptosis. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 42% fat content; n = 3) or a control diet (CON; 16% fat content; n = 3) for fourteen weeks before and during pregnancy. Offspring were euthanized at 8 weeks and pancreatic tissue was collected. Isolated DNA was analyzed using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. Protein expression was quantified using LC-MS. No significant differences in body weight were observed between HFD and control pups (p = 0.10). Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing identified 91,703 and 88,415 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in CON vs. HFD male and female offspring. A total of 34 and 4 proteins were determined to have changes in expression that correlated with changes in DNA methylation in CON vs. HFD males and females, respectively. The majority of these factors were grouped into the metabolic function category via pathway analyses. This study illustrates the complex relationship between epigenetics, diet, and sex-specific responses, therefore offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Peterson
- Department of Fisheries, Veterinary, and Animal Science, University of Rhode Island, 45 Upper College Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
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Budds K, Eldred L, Murphy C. Promoting empowerment or intensifying reproductive burden? Accounts of preconception health adjustments among women trying to conceive. Psychol Health 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38829650 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2359454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women's preconception health is increasingly viewed as playing a critical role in pregnancy and birth outcomes and is becoming an increasing focus of public health messages within the UK and internationally. However, little is known about how women respond to and are impacted by preconception health messages as they try to conceive a baby. METHODS Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to analyse 193 responses from women in the UK to a qualitative survey on experiences of trying to conceive. As part of the survey women were asked to reflect on their engagement with preconception health practices. RESULTS Three themes were generated: 1) Being fit for conception; 2) Preconception health and emotional labour, and 3) Interrogating preconception health expectations. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that whilst engagement with preconception health changes was empowering for some, more troubling implications included: heightened self-surveillance, stress, risks to wellbeing, and feelings of responsibility for poor outcomes. This demonstrates the importance of considering the unintended consequences of preconception health messaging in the shape of increased 'reproductive burden'. Furthermore, future development of preconception health policy and practice must also consider women's access to psychological support when trying to conceive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Budds
- School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Lucy Eldred
- School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
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Zachariah JP, Jone PN, Agbaje AO, Ryan HH, Trasande L, Perng W, Farzan SF. Environmental Exposures and Pediatric Cardiology: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e1165-e1175. [PMID: 38618723 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Environmental toxicants and pollutants are causes of adverse health consequences, including well-established associations between environmental exposures and cardiovascular diseases. Environmental degradation is widely prevalent and has a long latency period between exposure and health outcome, potentially placing a large number of individuals at risk of these health consequences. Emerging evidence suggests that environmental exposures in early life may be key risk factors for cardiovascular conditions across the life span. Children are a particularly sensitive population for the detrimental effects of environmental toxicants and pollutants given the long-term cumulative effects of early-life exposures on health outcomes, including congenital heart disease, acquired cardiac diseases, and accumulation of cardiovascular disease risk factors. This scientific statement highlights representative examples for each of these cardiovascular disease subtypes and their determinants, focusing specifically on the associations between climate change and congenital heart disease, airborne particulate matter and Kawasaki disease, blood lead levels and blood pressure, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals with cardiometabolic risk factors. Because children are particularly dependent on their caregivers to address their health concerns, this scientific statement highlights the need for clinicians, research scientists, and policymakers to focus more on the linkages of environmental exposures with cardiovascular conditions in children and adolescents.
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Souza LL, Moura EG, Lisboa PC. Can mothers consume caffeine? The issue of early life exposure and metabolic changes in offspring. Toxicol Lett 2024; 393:96-106. [PMID: 38387763 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine is a substance with central and metabolic effects. Although it is recommended that its use be limited during pregnancy, many women continue to consume caffeine. Direct and indirect actions of caffeine in fetuses and newborns promote adaptive changes, according to the Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases (DOHaD) concept. In fact, epidemiological and experimental evidence reveals the impact of early caffeine exposure. Here, we reviewed these findings with an emphasis on experimental models with rodents. The similarity of human and rodent caffeine metabolism allows the comprehension of molecular mechanisms affected by prenatal caffeine exposure. Maternal caffeine intake affects the body weight and endocrine system of offspring at birth and has long-term effects on the endocrine system, liver function, glucose and lipid metabolism, the cardiac system, the reproductive system, and behavior. Interestingly, some of these effects are sex dependent. Thus, the dose of caffeine considered safe for pregnant women may not be adequate for the prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana L Souza
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Egberto G Moura
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Lisboa
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Nyarko SH, Addo IY, Ayebeng C, Dickson KS, Acquah E. Mediating effects of hypertension in association between household wealth disparities and diabetes among women of reproductive age: analysis of eight countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Int Health 2024:ihae013. [PMID: 38321706 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes prevalence appears to be increasing in low- and middle-income countries, yet little is known about how hypertension status mediates the association between household wealth and diabetes. This study examined the mediation effects of hypertension in associations between household wealth and diabetes in eight sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 71 577 women from recent Demographic and Health Surveys for eight SSA countries. Sample-weighted logistic regression and causal mediation analyses were conducted. RESULTS Of the 71 577 women, 1.1% (782) reported ever being diagnosed with diabetes. Women with diabetes were more likely to have hypertension compared with those without diabetes (54.9% vs 9.9%). The odds of diabetes were significantly higher among women with hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.71 [95% confidence interval {CI} 4.62 to 7.05]) and women from rich households (adjusted OR 1.65 [95% CI 1.23 to 2.22]) compared with their respective counterparts. Hypertension status mediated 27.4% of the association between household wealth and diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension status partly contributes to the associations between household wealth disparities and diabetes status among women in the selected countries. Further research and targeted interventions are needed to explore specific mechanisms and confounding factors related to household wealth disparities, hypertension status and diabetes prevalence in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Nyarko
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Isaac Y Addo
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Castro Ayebeng
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Research and Advocacy, Challenging Heights, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Kwamena S Dickson
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Acquah
- Centre for Health Policy and Implementation Research, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
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Brammall BR, Garad RM, Teede HJ, Harrison CL. Evaluating Preconception Health and Behaviour Change in Australian Women Planning a Pregnancy: The OptimalMe Program, a Digital Healthy Lifestyle Intervention with Remotely Delivered Coaching. Nutrients 2024; 16:155. [PMID: 38201984 PMCID: PMC10780803 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OptimalMe is a digital healthy lifestyle intervention for women planning a pregnancy, with remotely delivered coaching. This follow-up study of Australian women, stratified by coaching delivery mode (phone vs. videoconferencing), assessed alignment to preconception care guidelines and self-reported behaviour change. Overall, 298 women enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 31.8 (4.3) years and mean BMI of 25.7 (6.1) kg/m2. Suboptimal preconception behaviours were reported at baseline, including alcohol consumption (57.2%), infrequent weighing (37.2%) and incomplete cervical cancer screening (15.8%) and prenatal supplementation (38.5). At follow-up (4.5 months) (n = 217), a statistically significant shift towards desired behaviours was reported for alcohol consumption (z = -2.6045, p = 0.00932), preconception supplementation (z = -2.7288, p = 0.00634) and frequent weight monitoring (z = -5.2911, p < 0.00001). An insignificant shift towards adherence to cervical cancer screening (z = -1.8679, p = 0.06148) was observed, with a positive trend towards adherence. Results indicate that women who are actively planning a pregnancy require support to optimise health and lifestyle in preparation for pregnancy and general health and lifestyle improvement. Women demonstrated improvement in lifestyle behaviours and self-monitoring, indicating the uptake of low-intensity, non-prescriptive information provision. Supporting the provision of knowledge-enhancing tools and general healthy lifestyle information combines with skilled health coaching as an effective method for behaviour change and self-management. OptimalMe also shows significant improvements in rates of healthcare engagement, which suggests coaching-based digital health interventions may decrease women's barriers for preconception care and improve engagement in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cheryce L. Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University and Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; (B.R.B.); (R.M.G.); (H.J.T.)
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Lecoutre S, Maqdasy S, Lambert M, Breton C. The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Adipose Progenitor Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3252. [PMID: 38137473 PMCID: PMC10741630 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) postulates that adult-onset metabolic disorders may originate from suboptimal conditions during critical embryonic and fetal programming windows. In particular, nutritional disturbance during key developmental stages may program the set point of adiposity and its associated metabolic diseases later in life. Numerous studies in mammals have reported that maternal obesity and the resulting accelerated growth in neonates may affect adipocyte development, resulting in persistent alterations in adipose tissue plasticity (i.e., adipocyte proliferation and storage) and adipocyte function (i.e., insulin resistance, impaired adipokine secretion, reduced thermogenesis, and higher inflammation) in a sex- and depot-specific manner. Over recent years, adipose progenitor cells (APCs) have been shown to play a crucial role in adipose tissue plasticity, essential for its development, maintenance, and expansion. In this review, we aim to provide insights into the developmental timeline of lineage commitment and differentiation of APCs and their role in predisposing individuals to obesity and metabolic diseases. We present data supporting the possible implication of dysregulated APCs and aberrant perinatal adipogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms as a primary mechanism responsible for long-lasting adipose tissue dysfunction in offspring born to obese mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lecoutre
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approach Research Group, Nutriomics, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Salwan Maqdasy
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet Hospital, C2-94, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- U978 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, F-93022 Bobigny, France;
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Alliance Sorbonne Paris Cité, Labex Inflamex, F-93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Christophe Breton
- Maternal Malnutrition and Programming of Metabolic Diseases, Université de Lille, EA4489, F-59000 Lille, France
- U1283-UMR8199-EGID, Université de Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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Madlala HP, Bengtson AM, Hannan L, Malaba TR, Kalk E, Nyemba D, Boulle A, Myer L. Maternal weight trajectories and associations with infant growth in South African women. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2055. [PMID: 37858163 PMCID: PMC10588171 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the close relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight (PPW), these factors are often studied separately. There are no data characterising longitudinal weight trajectories among pregnant and postpartum women in urban African populations. We examined maternal weight trajectories from pregnancy through to 12 months postpartum, factors associated with higher weight trajectory class membership and associations of weight trajectories with infant growth at 12 months. METHODS Data from 989 women were examined for weight trajectories from first antenatal care visit in pregnancy to 12 months postpartum using latent-class growth models. Baseline factors associated with class membership were assessed using multinomial logistic regression. Of the enrolled women, 613 of their infants were assessed for growth at 12 months. Anthropometry measurements for mothers and infants were conducted by a trained study nurse. Associations between maternal weight trajectory class and infant weight-for-age (WAZ), length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-length (WLZ) at 12 months of age were analysed using linear regression. RESULTS Four distinct classes of maternal weight trajectories were identified. The classes included consistent low (29%), consistent medium (37%), medium-high (24%) and consistent high (10%) trajectories. Similar to trends observed with medium-high trajectory, baseline factors positively associated with consistent high class membership included age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09), pre-pregnancy BMI (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.97-2.56), stage 1 hypertension (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.68-6.41), haemoglobin levels (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11-1.74) and parity (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.15-1.67); living with HIV (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.74) was inversely associated. In adjusted analyses, compared to consistent medium weight trajectory, consistent low weight trajectory (mean difference -0.41, 95% CI -0.71;-0.12) was associated with decreased, and consistent high weight trajectory (mean difference 1.21, 95% CI 0.59-1.83) with increased infant WAZ at 12 months of age. CONCLUSION Identification of unique longitudinal weight trajectory groupings might inform comprehensive efforts targeted at improving healthy maternal weight and infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlengiwe P Madlala
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Angela M Bengtson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Luke Hannan
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thokozile R Malaba
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Emma Kalk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dorothy Nyemba
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew Boulle
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
- Health Impact Assessment Unit, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Landon Myer
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Abruzzese GA, Ferreira SR, Ferrer MJ, Silva AF, Motta AB. Prenatal Androgen Excess Induces Multigenerational Effects on Female and Male Descendants. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231196461. [PMID: 37705939 PMCID: PMC10496475 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231196461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is still unelucidated how hormonal alterations affect developing organisms and their descendants. Particularly, the effects of androgen levels are of clinical relevance as they are usually high in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Moreover, it is still unknown how androgens may affect males' health and their descendants. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the multigenerational effect of prenatal androgen excess until a second generation at early developmental stages considering both maternal and paternal effects. Design And Methods This is an animal model study. Female rats (F0) were exposed to androgens during pregnancy by injections of 1 mg of testosterone to obtain prenatally hyperandrogenized (PH) animals (F1), leading to a well-known animal model that resembles PCOS features. A control (C) group was obtained by vehicle injections. The PH-F1 animals were crossed with C males (m) or females (f) and C animals were also mated, thus obtaining 3 different mating groups: Cf × Cm, PHf × Cm, Cf × PHm and their offspring (F2). Results F1-PHf presented altered glucose metabolism and lipid profile compared to F1-C females. In addition, F1-PHf showed an increased time to mating with control males compared to the C group. At gestational day 14, we found alterations in glucose and total cholesterol serum levels and in the placental size of the pregnant F1-PHf and Cf mated to F1-PHm. The F2 offspring resulting from F1-PH mothers or fathers showed alterations in their growth, size, and glucose metabolism up to early post-natal development in a sex-dependent manner, being the females born to F1-PHf the most affected ones. Conclusion androgen exposure during intrauterine life leads to programing effects in females and males that affect offspring health in a sex-dependent manner, at least up-to a second generation. In addition, this study suggests paternally mediated effects on the F2 offspring development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Adriana Abruzzese
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvana Rocio Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maria José Ferrer
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aimé Florencia Silva
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Beatriz Motta
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Parchem JG, Fan H, Mann LK, Chen Q, Won JH, Gross SS, Zhao Z, Taegtmeyer H, Papanna R. Fetal metabolic adaptations to cardiovascular stress in twin-twin transfusion syndrome. iScience 2023; 26:107424. [PMID: 37575192 PMCID: PMC10415929 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancies are susceptible to unique complications arising from a single placenta shared by two fetuses. Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a constellation of disturbances caused by unequal blood flow within the shared placenta giving rise to a major hemodynamic imbalance between the twins. Here, we applied TTTS as a model to uncover fetal metabolic adaptations to cardiovascular stress. We compared untargeted metabolomic analyses of amniotic fluid samples from severe TTTS cases vs. singleton controls. Amniotic fluid metabolites demonstrated alterations in fatty acid, glucose, and steroid hormone metabolism in TTTS. Among TTTS cases, unsupervised principal component analysis revealed two distinct clusters of disease defined by levels of glucose metabolites, amino acids, urea, and redox status. Our results suggest that the human fetal heart can adapt to hemodynamic stress by modulating its glucose metabolism and identify potential differences in the ability of individual fetuses to respond to cardiovascular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline G. Parchem
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huihui Fan
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lovepreet K. Mann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jong H. Won
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven S. Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramesha Papanna
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Jorge BC, Stein J, Reis ACC, Bueno JN, Paschoalini BR, da Silva Moreira S, de Matos Manoel B, Arena AC. Paternal low-dose benzo(a)pyrene exposure in rats impairs sexual development and fertility of the paternal lineage in F2 generation: A transgenerational study. Toxicology 2023:153585. [PMID: 37369342 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The field of Paternal Origins of Health and Disease (POHaD) is highly relevant but remains under-explored. The F2 generation from males indirectly exposed (F1 - via germ cells) to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), named PF2, was investigated in this study under parameters of sexual development and reproductive performance of male and female rats. Male Wistar rats (F0) were exposed to BaP (0.1µg/kg/day) for 31 consecutive days (gavage) during prepuberty. The F0 rats were mated with untreated females to produce male offspring (F1), which were exposed to BaP via germ cells. The F1 males were later mated with untreated females to obtain the PF2 generation, which was the focus of our investigation. Our findings showed that PF2 males exhibited a decrease in anogenital distance, fertility potential, testosterone levels, and type A sperm. Meanwhile, PF2 females had an earlier vaginal opening, lower lordosis scores, and decreased fertility. Furthermore, changes in the histomorphology of the testis/epididymis and ovary/uterus were observed. The repercussions of the PF2 generation indicate that these animals showed losses in both sexual development and fertility potential, and we can conclude that this damage remained due to paternal transgenerational inheritance caused by a low dose of BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Campos Jorge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Julia Stein
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Casali Reis
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Nogueira Bueno
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Rizzo Paschoalini
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Suyane da Silva Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz de Matos Manoel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Arielle Cristina Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil; Information and Toxicological Assistance Center (CIATOX), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo State, Brazil.
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13
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Mehri K, Hamidian G, Zavvari Oskuye Z, Nayebirad S, Farajdokht F. The role of apelinergic system in metabolism and reproductive system in normal and pathological conditions: an overview. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1193150. [PMID: 37424869 PMCID: PMC10324965 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1193150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle changes have made metabolic disorders as one of the major threats to life. Growing evidence demonstrates that obesity and diabetes disrupt the reproductive system by affecting the gonads and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Apelin, an adipocytokine, and its receptor (APJ) are broadly expressed in the hypothalamus nuclei, such as paraventricular and supraoptic, where gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released, and all three lobes of the pituitary, indicating that apelin is involved in the control of reproductive function. Moreover, apelin affects food intake, insulin sensitivity, fluid homeostasis, and glucose and lipid metabolisms. This review outlined the physiological effects of the apelinergic system, the relationship between apelin and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity, as well as the effect of apelin on the reproductive system in both gender. The apelin-APJ system can be considered a potential therapeutic target in the management of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Mehri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sepehr Nayebirad
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Effects of early-life voluntary exercise and fructose on adult activity levels, body composition, aerobic capacity, and organ masses in mice bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:249-260. [PMID: 36193024 DOI: 10.1017/s204017442200054x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fructose (C6H12O6) is acutely obesogenic and is a risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the possible long-lasting effects of early-life fructose consumption have not been studied. We tested for effects of early-life fructose and/or wheel access (voluntary exercise) in a line of selectively bred High Runner (HR) mice and a non-selected Control (C) line. Exposures began at weaning and continued for 3 weeks to sexual maturity, followed by a 23-week "washout" period (equivalent to ∼17 human years). Fructose increased total caloric intake, body mass, and body fat during juvenile exposure, but had no effect on juvenile wheel running and no important lasting effects on adult physical activity or body weight/composition. Interestingly, adult maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) was reduced in mice that had early-life fructose and wheel access. Consistent with previous studies, early-life exercise promoted adult wheel running. In a 3-way interaction, C mice that had early-life fructose and no wheel access gained body mass in response to 2 weeks of adult wheel access, while all other groups lost mass. Overall, we found some long-lasting positive effects of early-life exercise, but minimal effects of early-life fructose, regardless of the mouse line.
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Klepper C, Crimmins NA, Orkin S, Sun Q, Fei L, Xanthakos S, Mouzaki M. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Young Children with Obesity. Child Obes 2023; 19:179-185. [PMID: 35639419 PMCID: PMC10122212 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the prevalence of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in young children with obesity and determine associated risk factors. Methods: Retrospective single-center study of children with obesity, ages 2-6 years. Suspected NAFLD was defined as an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >30 U/L. Multivariable analyses were performed to determine predictors of elevated ALT. Results: Among 237 children 2-6 years old, 35% had elevated ALT. Multivariable analysis showed that higher BMI z score [odds ratio (OR): 1.5 confidence interval (95% CI: 1.04-1.92)] and higher gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) [OR: 21.3 (95% CI: 3.7-121.1)] predicted elevated ALT. Of those with ≥2 ALT levels, 38% (n = 33/86) had a persistently elevated ALT (median ALT >30 U/L). Only 7% of patients with ALT >30 U/L underwent further testing to evaluate for alternative causes of liver disease. Conclusion: Suspected NAFLD is common in young children with obesity and predicted by obesity severity and GGT. Other cardiometabolic markers were equivalent between those with normal vs. elevated ALT, suggesting NAFLD onset may precede development of comorbidities. Earlier screening will enable prompt diagnosis and intervention, which may prevent or delay the onset of cardiometabolic diseases commonly associated with NAFLD in adolescence and adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corie Klepper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nancy A. Crimmins
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Orkin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lin Fei
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stavra Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marialena Mouzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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16
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Xin Y, Sun X, Ren L, Chen G, Chen Y, Ni Y, He B. Maternal preconceptional inflammation transgenerationally alters metabolic and behavioral phenotypes in offspring. Life Sci 2023; 321:121577. [PMID: 36933826 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Evidence is accumulating that maternal inflammation induces phenotypic changes in the next generation. However, whether maternal preconceptional inflammation alters metabolic and behavioral phenotypes in offspring remains poorly understood. MAIN METHODS Female mice were injected with either lipopolysaccharide or saline to establish the inflammatory model and then allowed to mate with normal males. Offspring from both control and inflammatory dams were subsequently given chow diet and water ad libitum, without any challenge, for metabolic and behavioral tests. KEY FINDINGS Male offspring derived from inflammatory mothers (Inf-F1) maintained on the chow diet developed impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic ectopic fat deposition. Hepatic transcriptome sequencing showed the largest gene changes related to the metabolic pathway. Moreover, Inf-F1 mice exhibited anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and were accompanied by higher serum corticosterone concentration and lower glucocorticoid receptor abundance in the hippocampus. SIGNIFICANCE The results expand the current knowledge of developmental programming of health and disease to include maternal preconceptional health and provide a basis for understanding metabolic and behavioral alterations in offspring linked to maternal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Li Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yingdong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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17
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Svanes C, Holloway JW, Krauss-Etschmann S. Preconception origins of asthma, allergies and lung function: The influence of previous generations on the respiratory health of our children. J Intern Med 2023; 293:531-549. [PMID: 36861185 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that exposures occurring years before conception are important determinants of the health of future offspring and subsequent generations. Environmental exposures of both the father and mother, or exposure to disease processes such as obesity or infections, may influence germline cells and thereby cause a cascade of health outcomes in multiple subsequent generations. There is now increasing evidence that respiratory health is influenced by parental exposures that occur long before conception. The strongest evidence relates adolescent tobacco smoking and overweight in future fathers to increased asthma and lower lung function in their offspring, supported by evidence on parental preconception occupational exposures and air pollution. Although this literature is still sparse, the epidemiological analyses reveal strong effects that are consistent across studies with different designs and methodologies. The results are strengthened by mechanistic research from animal models and (scarce) human studies that have identified molecular mechanisms that can explain the epidemiological findings, suggesting transfer of epigenetic signals through germline cells, with susceptibility windows in utero (both male and female line) and prepuberty (male line). The concept that our lifestyles and behaviours may influence the health of our future children represents a new paradigm. This raises concerns for future health in decades to come with respect to harmful exposures but may also open for radical rethinking of preventive strategies that may improve health in multiple generations, reverse the imprint of our parents and forefathers, and underpin strategies that can break the vicious circle of propagation of health inequalities across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- Division of Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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18
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Bastos-Amador P, Duarte EL, Torres J, Caldeira AT, Silva I, Salvador C, Assunção R, Alvito P, Ferreira M. Maternal dietary exposure to mycotoxin aflatoxin B 1 promotes intestinal immune alterations and microbiota modifications increasing infection susceptibility in mouse offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113596. [PMID: 36603704 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi occurring in food that are toxic to animals and humans. Early-life mycotoxins exposure has been linked to diverse pathologies. However, how maternal exposure to mycotoxins impacts on the intestinal barrier function of progeny has not been explored. Here, exposure of pregnant and lactating C57Bl/6J female mice to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1; 400 μg/kg body weight/day; 3 times a week) in gelatine pellets, from embryonic day (E)11.5 until weaning (postnatal day 21), led to gut immunological changes in progeny. The results showed an overall increase of lymphocyte number in intestine, a reduction of expression of epithelial genes related to microbial defence, as well as a decrease in cytokine production by intestinal type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). While susceptibility to chemically induced colitis was not worsened, immune alterations were associated with changes in gut microbiota and with a higher vulnerability to infection by the protozoan Eimeria vermiformis at early-life. Together these results show that maternal dietary exposure to AFB1 can dampen intestinal barrier homeostasis in offspring decreasing their capability to tackle intestinal pathogens. These data provide insights to understand AFB1 potential harmfulness in early-life health in the context of intestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bastos-Amador
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa Leclerc Duarte
- University of Évora, School of Science and Technology, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal; MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Júlio Torres
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Silva
- University of Évora, School of Science and Technology, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal; MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; HERCULES Laboratory, Universidade de Évora, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Cátia Salvador
- HERCULES Laboratory, Universidade de Évora, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Assunção
- IUEM, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829 - 511, Caparica, Portugal; University of Aveiro, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Alvito
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; University of Aveiro, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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19
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Rosa MJ, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Alcala C, Colicino E, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Mercado-Garcia A, Kloog I, Just AC, Bush D, Carroll KN, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Gennings C, Wright RJ. Associations between early-life exposure to PM 2.5 and reductions in childhood lung function in two North American longitudinal pregnancy cohort studies. Environ Epidemiol 2023; 7:e234. [PMID: 36777528 PMCID: PMC9915957 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data integration of epidemiologic studies across different geographic regions can provide enhanced exposure contrast and statistical power to examine adverse respiratory effects of early-life exposure to particulate matter <2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5). Methodological tools improve our ability to combine data while more fully accounting for study heterogeneity. Methods Analyses included children enrolled in two longitudinal birth cohorts in Boston, Massachusetts, and Mexico City. Propensity score matching using the 1:3 nearest neighbor with caliper method was used. Residential PM2.5 exposure was estimated from 2 months before birth to age 6 years using a validated satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Lung function was tested at ages 6-11 years and age, height, race, and sex adjusted z scores were estimated for FEV1, FVC, FEF25-75%, and FEV1/FVC. Using distributed lag nonlinear models, we examined associations between monthly averaged PM2.5 levels and lung function outcomes adjusted for covariates, in unmatched and matched pooled samples. Results In the matched pooled sample, PM2.5 exposure between postnatal months 35-44 and 35-52 was associated with lower FEV1 and FVC z scores, respectively. A 5 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a reduction in FEV1 z score of 0.13 (95% CI = -0.26, -0.01) and a reduction in FVC z score of 0.13 (95% CI = -0.25, -0.01). Additionally PM2.5 during postnatal months 23-39 was associated with a reduction in FEF25-75% z score of 0.31 (95% CI = -0.57, -0.05). Conclusions Methodological tools enhanced our ability to combine multisite data while accounting for study heterogeneity. Ambient PM2.5 exposure in early childhood was associated with lung function reductions in middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa
- Department of Perinatal Health, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Alcala
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz
- Occupational Health Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Mercado-Garcia
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Douglas Bush
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kecia N. Carroll
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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20
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Egan KA, Lo BK, Haneuse S, Davison KK, Redline S, Taveras EM. Associations of Maternal Consumption of Sugary Beverages in Pregnancy With Infant Weight Status. Acad Pediatr 2023; 23:109-116. [PMID: 35577285 PMCID: PMC9653508 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine associations of maternal consumption of 100% juice and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the third trimester of pregnancy with infant weight status at 6 and 12 months. METHODS We studied 379 mother-infant dyads from Rise & SHINE, a prospective cohort study. Exposures were maternal consumption of 100% juice and SSBs in the third trimester. Outcome measures were infant weight-for-length (WFL) z-scores at 6 and 12 months and rapid infant weight gain (RIWG; change in weight-for-age z-score ≥0.67) from birth to 6 and 12 months. RESULTS Mean (SD) maternal age was 32.8 (5.1) years; 71.7% reported household income ≥$50,000. In the third trimester, nearly daily or daily consumption of 100% juice and SSBs was 25.9% and 16.6%, respectively. Mean (SD) WFL z-scores at 6 and 12 months were 0.35 (0.96) and 0.50 (0.98). RIWG was present in 30.2% and 36.6% of infants from birth to 6 months and birth to 12 months, respectively. In multivariable models, 100% juice consumption was associated with higher WFL z-score at 6 months (β = 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03, 0.49) and higher odds of RIWG from birth to 6 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.23, 3.56) and birth to 12 months (aOR = 1.85; 95%CI: 1.04, 3.28). 100% juice consumption was not associated with WFL z-score at 12 months and SSB consumption was not associated with any of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of 100% juice, but not SSBs, in the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with infant weight status at 6 months and RIWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Egan
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center (KA Egan), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass; Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics (KA Egan and EM Taveras), MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Mass.
| | - Brian K Lo
- Boston College School of Social Work (BK Lo and KK Davison), Chestnut Hill, Mass
| | - Sebastien Haneuse
- Department of Biostatistics (S Haneuse), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Kirsten K Davison
- Boston College School of Social Work (BK Lo and KK Davison), Chestnut Hill, Mass
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine (S Redline), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Elsie M Taveras
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics (KA Egan and EM Taveras), MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Mass; Department of Nutrition (EM Taveras), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
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21
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van der Windt M, Schoenmakers S, van der Kleij RM, van Rossem L, Steegers-Theunissen RP. Implementation of effective blended periconception lifestyle care in a tertiary hospital in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study on determinants and patient satisfaction. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061088. [PMID: 36523223 PMCID: PMC9748931 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify implementation determinants of blended periconception lifestyle care, and to evaluate patient satisfaction. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The outpatient clinic of the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Erasmus MC. PARTICIPANTS Implementation part: counsellors providing blended periconception lifestyle care. Patient satisfaction part: women who received blended periconception lifestyle care. METHODS Blended periconception lifestyle care, including face-to-face counselling and 26 weeks of lifestyle coaching via the online platform 'Smarter Pregnancy', was implemented between June-December 2018. The Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations questionnaire was used as input for the consolidated framework for implementation research to assess determinants of implementation. To evaluate patient satisfaction, patients receiving lifestyle care filled out an evaluation questionnaire, including questions on the needs for lifestyle counselling, information provision during counselling, and motivation and lifestyle change after counselling. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Identification of implementation determinants and the level of patient satisfaction. RESULTS Facilitators were reported in the implementation domains 'characteristics of the intervention' and 'characteristics of the individuals'. Barriers were in the implementation domains 'inner setting' and 'implementation process'. Regarding patient satisfaction on nutrition counselling, 31% of the respondents wanted information prior to the counselling session, 22% received new information after consultation, 51% got motivated to change and 40% changed their nutritional behaviour. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of patients improved lifestyle after counselling, although, a relatively small number wanted lifestyle counselling prior to consultation.This study underlines the importance of implementation science and the information it provides for improving the implementation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa van der Windt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Schoenmakers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Mjj van der Kleij
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lenie van Rossem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Régine Pm Steegers-Theunissen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Habeos GI, Filippopoulou F, Habeos EE, Kalaitzopoulou E, Skipitari M, Papadea P, Lagoumintzis G, Niarchos A, Georgiou CD, Chartoumpekis DV. Maternal Calorie Restriction Induces a Transcriptional Cytoprotective Response in Embryonic Liver Partially Dependent on Nrf2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2274. [PMID: 36421460 PMCID: PMC9687455 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calorie restriction is known to enhance Nrf2 signaling and longevity in adult mice, partially by reducing reactive oxygen species, but calorie restriction during pregnancy leads to intrauterine growth retardation. The latter is associated with fetal reprogramming leading to increased incidence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes in adult life. Transcription factor Nrf2 is a central regulator of the antioxidant response and its crosstalk with metabolic pathways is emerging. We hypothesized that the Nrf2 pathway is induced in embryos during calorie restriction in pregnant mothers. METHODS From gestational day 10 up to day 16, 50% of the necessary mouse diet was provided to Nrf2 heterozygous pregnant females with fathers being of the same genotype. Embryos were harvested at the end of gestational day 16 and fetal liver was used for qRT-PCR and assessment of oxidative stress (OS). RESULTS Intrauterine calorie restriction led to upregulation of mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (Nqo1, Gsta1, Gsta4) and of genes related to integrated stress response (Chac1, Ddit3) in WT embryos. The expression of a key gluconeogenic (G6pase) and two lipogenic genes (Acacb, Fasn) was repressed in calorie-restricted embryos. In Nrf2 knockout embryos, the induction of Nqo1 and Gsta1 genes was abrogated while that of Gsta4 was preserved, indicating an at least partially Nrf2-dependent induction of antioxidant genes after in utero calorie restriction. Measures of OS showed no difference (superoxide radical and malondialdehyde) or a small decrease (thiobarbituric reactive substances) in calorie-restricted WT embryos. CONCLUSIONS Calorie restriction during pregnancy elicits the transcriptional induction of cytoprotective/antioxidant genes in the fetal liver, which is at least partially Nrf2-dependent, with a physiological significance that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George I. Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Fotini Filippopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Evagelia E. Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Electra Kalaitzopoulou
- Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Marianna Skipitari
- Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Papadea
- Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - George Lagoumintzis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasios Niarchos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos D. Georgiou
- Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios V. Chartoumpekis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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23
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Cechinel LR, Batabyal RA, Freishtat RJ, Zohn IE. Parental obesity-induced changes in developmental programming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:918080. [PMID: 36274855 PMCID: PMC9585252 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.918080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies support the link between parental obesity and the predisposition to develop adult-onset metabolic syndromes that include obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes in the offspring. As the prevalence of obesity increases in persons of childbearing age, so does metabolic syndrome in their descendants. Understanding how parental obesity alters metabolic programs in the progeny, predisposing them to adult-onset metabolic syndrome, is key to breaking this cycle. This review explores the basis for altered metabolism of offspring exposed to overnutrition by focusing on critical developmental processes influenced by parental obesity. We draw from human and animal model studies, highlighting the adaptations in metabolism that occur during normal pregnancy that become maladaptive with obesity. We describe essential phases of development impacted by parental obesity that contribute to long-term alterations in metabolism in the offspring. These encompass gamete formation, placentation, adipogenesis, pancreas development, and development of brain appetite control circuits. Parental obesity alters the developmental programming of these organs in part by inducing epigenetic changes with long-term consequences on metabolism. While exposure to parental obesity during any of these phases is sufficient to alter long-term metabolism, offspring often experience multiple exposures throughout their development. These insults accumulate to increase further the susceptibility of the offspring to the obesogenic environments of modern society.
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24
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Batra V, Norman E, Morgan HL, Watkins AJ. Parental Programming of Offspring Health: The Intricate Interplay between Diet, Environment, Reproduction and Development. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091289. [PMID: 36139133 PMCID: PMC9496505 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As adults, our health can be influenced by a range of lifestyle and environmental factors, increasing the risk for developing a series of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and obesity. Over the past few decades, our understanding of how our adult health can be shaped by events occurring before birth has developed into a well-supported concept, the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Supported by epidemiological data and experimental studies, specific mechanisms have been defined linking environmental perturbations, disrupted fetal and neonatal development and adult ill-health. Originally, such studies focused on the significance of poor maternal health during pregnancy. However, the role of the father in directing the development and well-being of his offspring has come into recent focus. Whereas these studies identify the individual role of each parent in shaping the long-term health of their offspring, few studies have explored the combined influences of both parents on offspring well-being. Such understanding is necessary as parental influences on offspring development extend beyond the direct genetic contributions from the sperm and oocyte. This article reviews our current understanding of the parental contribution to offspring health, exploring some of the mechanisms linking parental well-being with gamete quality, embryo development and offspring health.
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25
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Ormazabal V, Nair S, Carrión F, Mcintyre HD, Salomon C. The link between gestational diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: potential role of extracellular vesicles. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:174. [PMID: 36057662 PMCID: PMC9441052 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are critical mediators of cell communication. They encapsulate a variety of molecular cargo such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids including miRNAs, lncRNAs, circular RNAs, and mRNAs, and through transfer of these molecular signals can alter the metabolic phenotype in recipient cells. Emerging studies show the important role of extracellular vesicle signaling in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is hyperglycemia that develops during pregnancy and increases the future risk of developing obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and cardiovascular disease in both the mother and infant. Available evidence shows that changes in maternal metabolism and exposure to the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment can reprogram the fetal genome, leaving metabolic imprints that define life-long health and disease susceptibility. Understanding the factors that contribute to the increased susceptibility to metabolic disorders of children born to GDM mothers is critical for implementation of preventive strategies in GDM. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the fetal programming of cardiovascular diseases in GDM and the impact of extracellular vesicle (EV) signaling in epigenetic programming in cardiovascular disease, to determine the potential link between EV signaling in GDM and the development of cardiovascular disease in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeska Ormazabal
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine + Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine + Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Flavio Carrión
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile
| | - H David Mcintyre
- Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine + Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia. .,Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile.
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26
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Martín-Rodríguez A, Bustamante-Sánchez Á, Martínez-Guardado I, Navarro-Jiménez E, Plata-SanJuan E, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Infancy Dietary Patterns, Development, and Health: An Extensive Narrative Review. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9071072. [PMID: 35884056 PMCID: PMC9319947 DOI: 10.3390/children9071072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Correct dietary patterns are important for a child’s health from birth to adulthood. Understanding a child’s health as a state of entire physical, mental, and social well-being is essential. However, reaching adulthood in a complete health proper state is determined by feeding and dietary habits during preconception, pregnancy, or children infancy. Different factors, such as the mother’s lifestyle, culture, or socioeconomic status, are crucial during all these phases. In this review, we aimed to assess the long-term associations between infancy dietary patterns and health and their influence on development and growth. To reach this objective, a consensus critical review was carried out using primary sources such as scientific articles, and secondary bibliographic indexes, databases, and web pages. PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar were the tools used to complete this research. We found that high-income countries promote high-calorie foods and, consequently, obesity problems among children are rising. However, undernutrition is a global health issue concerning children in low- and middle-income countries; thus, parental socioeconomic status in early life is essential to children’s health and development, showing that biological, social, and environmental influences are increased risk factors for chronic diseases. This narrative review is aimed to collect evidence for early nutritional intervention and future disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Álvaro Bustamante-Sánchez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Correspondence: (Á.B.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.); Fax: +34-911-413-585 (J.F.T.-A.)
| | | | | | | | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Correspondence: (Á.B.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.); Fax: +34-911-413-585 (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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27
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Laubach ZM, Holekamp KE, Aris IM, Slopen N, Perng W. Applications of conceptual models from lifecourse epidemiology in ecology and evolutionary biology. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20220194. [PMID: 35855609 PMCID: PMC9297019 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In ecology and evolutionary biology (EEB), the study of developmental plasticity seeks to understand ontogenetic processes underlying the phenotypes upon which natural selection acts. A central challenge to this inquiry is ascertaining a causal effect of the exposure on the manifestation of later-life phenotype due to the time elapsed between the two events. The exposure is a potential cause of the outcome-i.e. an environmental stimulus or experience. The later phenotype might be a behaviour, physiological condition, morphology or life-history trait. The latency period between the exposure and outcome complicates causal inference due to the inevitable occurrence of additional events that may affect the relationship of interest. Here, we describe six distinct but non-mutually exclusive conceptual models from the field of lifecourse epidemiology and discuss their applications to EEB research. The models include Critical Period with No Later Modifiers, Critical Period with Later Modifiers, Accumulation of Risk with Independent Risk Exposures, Accumulation of Risk with Risk Clustering, Accumulation of Risk with Chains of Risk and Accumulation of Risk with Trigger Effect. These models, which have been widely used to test causal hypotheses regarding the early origins of adult-onset disease in humans, are directly relevant to research on developmental plasticity in EEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Laubach
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (EEB), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kay E. Holekamp
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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28
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Chen B, Du YR, Zhu H, Sun ML, Wang C, Cheng Y, Pang H, Ding G, Gao J, Tan Y, Tong X, Lv P, Zhou F, Zhan Q, Xu ZM, Wang L, Luo D, Ye Y, Jin L, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Lin X, Wu Y, Jin L, Zhou Y, Yan C, Sheng J, Flatt PR, Xu GL, Huang H. Maternal inheritance of glucose intolerance via oocyte TET3 insufficiency. Nature 2022; 605:761-766. [PMID: 35585240 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is prevalent among women of reproductive age, and many women are left undiagnosed or untreated1. Gestational diabetes has profound and enduring effects on the long-term health of the offspring2,3. However, the link between pregestational diabetes and disease risk into adulthood in the next generation has not been sufficiently investigated. Here we show that pregestational hyperglycaemia renders the offspring more vulnerable to glucose intolerance. The expression of TET3 dioxygenase, responsible for 5-methylcytosine oxidation and DNA demethylation in the zygote4, is reduced in oocytes from a mouse model of hyperglycaemia (HG mice) and humans with diabetes. Insufficient demethylation by oocyte TET3 contributes to hypermethylation at the paternal alleles of several insulin secretion genes, including the glucokinase gene (Gck), that persists from zygote to adult, promoting impaired glucose homeostasis largely owing to the defect in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Consistent with these findings, mouse progenies derived from the oocytes of maternal heterozygous and homozygous Tet3 deletion display glucose intolerance and epigenetic abnormalities similar to those from the oocytes of HG mice. Moreover, the expression of exogenous Tet3 mRNA in oocytes from HG mice ameliorates the maternal effect in offspring. Thus, our observations suggest an environment-sensitive window in oocyte development that confers predisposition to glucose intolerance in the next generation through TET3 insufficiency rather than through a direct perturbation of the oocyte epigenome. This finding suggests a potential benefit of pre-conception interventions in mothers to protect the health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Rui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Pang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Tan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Lv
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qitao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghao Luo
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caochong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peter R Flatt
- Centre for Diabetes Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Medical College of Fudan University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (RU069), Shanghai, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Tohi M, Bay JL, Tu’akoi S, Vickers MH. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Adolescence as a Critical Lifecourse Period to Break the Transgenerational Cycle of NCDs-A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106024. [PMID: 35627561 PMCID: PMC9141771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, represent a significant and growing global health burden. To date, a primary focus has been on treatment approaches to NCDs once manifested rather than strategies aimed at prevention. In this context, there is clear evidence that a range of adverse early life exposures can predispose individuals towards a greater risk of developing NCDs across the lifecourse. These risk factors can be passed to future generations, thus perpetuating a cycle of disease. This concept, preferentially termed “developmental programming”, forms the basis of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. To date, DOHaD has focused on preconception, pregnancy, lactation and, more recently, paternal health at the time of conception. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that investment in the window of adolescence is perhaps the most critical developmental window. Adolescence is a period where lifestyle behaviours become entrained. Therefore, a focus on adolescent behaviours, health literacy and emotional development may afford the best opportunity to break the cycle of NCDs. As the next generation of parents, adolescents should therefore be considered a priority group in advancing appropriate and informed actions aimed at reducing NCD risk factors across the lifecourse. This advancement requires a more comprehensive community understanding and uptake of DOHaD knowledge and concepts. NCD prevention strategies have typically entailed siloed (and often disease-specific) approaches with limited efficacy in curbing NCD prevalence and breaking the transgenerational transmission of disease traits. Recent findings across various disciplines have highlighted that a lifecourse systems approach is required to establish a comprehensive and sustainable framework for NCD intervention. A whole community approach with a particular focus on adolescents as potential agents of change is necessary to break the disease cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melenaite Tohi
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Jacquie Lindsay Bay
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Siobhan Tu’akoi
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Mark Hedley Vickers
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-99-236-687
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30
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Tsai MS, Newman C, Macdonald DW, Buesching CD. Adverse weather during in utero development is linked to higher rates of later-life herpesvirus reactivation in adult European badgers, Meles meles. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211749. [PMID: 35582658 PMCID: PMC9091846 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Maternal immune and/or metabolic conditions relating to stress or nutritional status can affect in utero development among offspring with subsequent implications for later-life responses to infections. We used free-ranging European badgers as a host-pathogen model to investigate how prenatal weather conditions affect later-life herpesvirus genital tract reactivation. We applied a sliding window analysis of weather conditions to 164 samples collected in 2018 from 95 individuals born between 2005-2016. We test if the monthly mean and variation in rainfall and temperature experienced by their mother during the 12 months of delayed implantation and gestation prior to parturition subsequently affected individual herpes reactivation rates among these offspring. We identified four influential prenatal seasonal weather windows that corresponded with previously identified critical climatic conditions affecting badger survival, fecundity and body condition. These all occurred during the pre-implantation rather than the post-implantation period. We conclude that environmental cues during the in utero period of delayed implantation may result in changes that affect an individual's developmental programming against infection or viral reactivation later in life. This illustrates how prenatal adversity caused by environmental factors, such as climate change, can impact wildlife health and population dynamics-an interaction largely overlooked in wildlife management and conservation programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-shan Tsai
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Abingdon Road, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxfordshire OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Chris Newman
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Abingdon Road, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxfordshire OX13 5QL, UK
- Cook's Lake Farming Forestry and Wildlife Inc (Ecological Consultancy), Queens County, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David W. Macdonald
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Abingdon Road, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxfordshire OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Christina D. Buesching
- Cook's Lake Farming Forestry and Wildlife Inc (Ecological Consultancy), Queens County, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Irving K. Barber Faculty of Science, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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31
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Mishra VK, Srivastava S, Muhammad T, Murthy PV. Relationship between tobacco use, alcohol consumption and non-communicable diseases among women in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey-2015-16. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:713. [PMID: 35410193 PMCID: PMC8996590 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on an increased prevalence of diabetes, asthma and hypertension among women in reproductive age, understanding the risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is crucial to inform policy and program interventions to address the problem. In this study, we empirically assessed the associations of behavioural factors such as alcohol consumption and tobacco use and a variety of socioeconomic characteristics with prevalence of NCDs in adult women. METHODS The data were derived from the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015-16. The effective sample size for the present paper was 699,686 women aged 15-49 years in India. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate analysis were conducted to find the preliminary results. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to find the relationship between NCDs and behavioural factors such as alcohol consumption and tobacco use. Moreover, population attributable risk was estimated in the present study. RESULTS It was revealed that 15.9% of women had any of the NCDs. A proportion of 0.8% of women smoked tobacco whereas 5.5% of women consumed smokeless tobacco. Also, a proportion of 1.2% of women consumed alcohol in the current study. The odds of having NCDs among women who smoked tobacco, consumed smokeless tobacco and consume alcohol were 16, 8 and 20% significantly higher than the odds of having NCDs among women who did not smoke tobacco, consume smokeless tobacco and consume alcohol respectively. The population attributable risk of having NCDs was 1.8% (p < 0.001) for women who smoked, 0.8% (p < 0.001) for women who consumed smokeless tobacco and 2.2% (p < 0.001) for women who consumed alcohol. Besides, the odds of having NCDs among overweight and obese women were 2.25 and 3.60 times greater than the odds of having NCDs among women who were underweight. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that smoking and using smokeless tobacco and alcohol consumption were risk factors of NCDs in women. The findings also alarm the focus of maternal and child health programs on NCDs' risk factors like maternal obesity, due to their adverse health consequences on their children too. Also, the coexistence of higher levels of tobacco use and alcohol consumption requires different strategies to address the vulnerability of women towards NCDs, including screening and early detection of NCDs especially among those who smoke or chew tobacco and consume alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Mishra
- Department of Population Studies, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517 502 India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - T. Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - P. V. Murthy
- Department of Population Studies and Social Work, College of Arts, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502 India
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Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang J, Guan Y, Xing Y. Early supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 improves insulin resistance in intrauterine growth retardation rats. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:466-473. [PMID: 35558981 PMCID: PMC9085949 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin sensitivity is changed during the neonatal period in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Yet, the interventional strategies are still limited. We aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with high folate and vitamin B12 diets in the early postnatal period on the changes in insulin sensitivity in an intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) rat model. METHODS IUGR rat model was established by both low-protein diet feeding and daily diet restriction. High folate and vitamin B12 diet was supplied in IUGR as nutritional interventional group (IUGR-I), otherwise, the non-intervened IUGR group (IUGR-NI). In this study, male rats were studied in order to avoid hormonal and gender influence. At 21, 60 and 120 days, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and homocysteine levels were measured among the control, IUGR-I, and IUGR-NI groups. Pearson analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between homocysteine and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS We established IUGR rat model by both low protein and restricted diet feeding during pregnancy and the incidence of IUGR pups was 93.33%. There was no difference in fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride and cholesterol levels between the control, the IUGR-NI and the IUGR-I group at day 21. At day 60, insulin, HOMA-IR and triglyceride levels in the IUGR-I group were remarkably lower than those in the IUGR-NI group, but still higher than those in the control group (F=38.34, P=0.02; F=49.48, P=0.02; F=17.93, P<0.001, respectively). At day 120, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and Hcy levels in the IUGR-I group were obviously lower than those in the IUGR-NI group, although still higher than those in the control group (F=21.60, P<0.001; F=164.46, P<0.001; F=75.15, P<0.001; F=35.46, P<0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in triglyceride and cholesterol levels between the IUGR-I group and the control group at day 120. At 120-day, homocysteine in IUGR-I group was highly positively correlated with fasting glucose and HOMA-IR (r=0.863, P=0.006; r=0.725, P=0.042, respectively); Only homocysteine was positively correlated with fasting glucose in IUGR-NI group (r=0.721, P=0.044). CONCLUSIONS Early supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 improved insulin resistance and lipid levels in IUGR rats to some extent, along with decreasing homocysteine levels, but not enough to completely repair glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Guan
- Department of Pulmonary, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Rodriguez A, Korzeniowska K, Szarejko K, Borowski H, Brzeziński M, Myśliwiec M, Czupryniak L, Berggren PO, Radziwiłł M, Soszyński P. Fitness, Food, and Biomarkers: Characterizing Body Composition in 19,634 Early Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071369. [PMID: 35405987 PMCID: PMC9003290 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent obesity persists as a major concern, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, yet evidence gaps exist regarding the pivotal early adolescent years. Our objective was to provide a comprehensive picture using a holistic approach of measured anthropometry in early adolescence, including body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and reported lifestyle characteristics. We aimed to elucidate potential sex/gender differences throughout and associations to biomarkers of disease risk for obese adolescents. Methods: Trained nurses measured 19,634 early adolescents (12−14-year-olds), we collected parental reports, and, for obese adolescents, fasting blood samples in four major Polish cities using a cross-sectional developmental design. Results: 24.7% boys and 18.6% girls were overweight/obese, and 2886 had BMI ≥ 90th percentile. With increasing age, there was greater risk of obesity among boys (p for trend = 0.001) and a decreasing risk of thinness for girls (p for trend = 0.01). Contrary to debate, we found BMI (continuous) was a useful indicator of measured fat mass (FM). There were 38.6% with CRF in the range of poor/very poor and was accounted for primarily by FM in boys, rather than BMI, and systolic blood pressure in girls. Boys, in comparison to girls, engaged more in sports (t = 127.26, p < 0.0001) and consumed more fast food (t = 188.57, p < 0.0001) and sugar-sweetened beverages (167.46, p < 0.0001). Uric acid, a potential marker for prediabetes, was strongly related to BMI in the obese subsample for both boys and girls. Obese girls showed signs of undernutrition. Conclusion: these findings show that overweight/obesity is by far a larger public health problem than thinness in early adolescence and is characterized differentially by sex/gender. Moreover, poor CRF in this age, which may contribute to life course obesity and disease, highlights the need for integrated and personalized intervention strategies taking sex/gender into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Rodriguez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Korzeniowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Kamila Szarejko
- PoZdro! Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland; (K.S.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Hubert Borowski
- PoZdro! Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland; (K.S.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Michał Brzeziński
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Leszek Czupryniak
- Department of Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Warsaw Medical University, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Marcin Radziwiłł
- PoZdro! Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland; (K.S.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Piotr Soszyński
- PoZdro! Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland; (K.S.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (P.S.)
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34
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Meloni M, Moll T, Issaka A, Kuzawa CW. A biosocial return to race? A cautionary view for the postgenomic era. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23742. [PMID: 35275433 PMCID: PMC9286859 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrating epigenetic and developmental sensitivity to early environments, as exemplified by fields like the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) and environmental epigenetics, are bringing new data and models to bear on debates about race, genetics, and society. Here, we first survey the historical prominence of models of environmental determinism in early formulations of racial thinking to illustrate how notions of direct environmental effects on bodies have been used to naturalize racial hierarchy and inequalities in the past. Next, we conduct a scoping review of postgenomic work in environmental epigenetics and DOHaD that looks at the role of race/ethnicity in human health (2000–2021). Although there is substantial heterogeneity in how race is conceptualized and interpreted across studies, we observe practices that may unwittingly encourage typological thinking, including: using DNA methylation as a novel marker of racial classification; neglect of variation and reversibility within supposedly homogenous racial groups; and a tendency to label and reify whole groups as pathologized or impaired. Even in the very different politico‐economic and epistemic context of contemporary postgenomic science, these trends echo deeply held beliefs in Western thinking which claimed that different environments shape different bodies and then used this logic to argue for essential differences between Europeans and non‐Europeans. We conclude with a series of suggestions on interpreting and reporting findings in these fields that we feel will help researchers harness this work to benefit disadvantaged groups while avoiding the inadvertent dissemination of new and old forms of stigma or prejudice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Meloni
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tessa Moll
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.,Department School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ayuba Issaka
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher W Kuzawa
- Department of Anthropology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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35
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Jochum F, Abdellatif M, Adel A, Alhammadi A, Alnemri A, Alohali E, AlSarraf K, Al Said K, Elzalabany M, Isa HMA, Kalyanasundaram S, Reheim NA, Saadah O. Burden of Early Life Obesity and Its Relationship with Protein Intake in Infancy: The Middle East Expert Consensus. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2022; 25:93-108. [PMID: 35360379 PMCID: PMC8958054 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2022.25.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate nutrition in early life is proposed to shape a child's future health by launching the growth trajectory in the proper direction, which helps to avoid negative metabolic programming effects. Protein intake during infancy and early childhood is of great importance, as it plays a key role in infant metabolic programming and the future risk of obesity. Breastfeeding provides the best nutrition in early life, with many benefits tailored for the baby, including the appropriate quantity and quality of proteins. Considering the high prevalence of childhood, and subsequent adult, obesity in the region, a virtual Middle East expert consensus meeting was held to discuss an effective approach for managing childhood obesity. Leading pediatric experts from Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates participated in the meeting. The experts discussed, debated, and agreed on certain directions, including the importance of educating parents, endorsing breastfeeding, and ensuring optimum quantity and quality intake of proteins in early life. This expert consensus may serve as the starting point for healthcare professionals in the region who are interested in shaping a healthy future for the generations to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Jochum
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Berlin, Germany.,Pediatric Medicine, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | | | - Ashraf Adel
- Department of General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Alhammadi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Eman Alohali
- Dietetics Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled AlSarraf
- Department of Pediatrics-Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait
| | - Khoula Al Said
- Department of Child Health, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mahmoud Elzalabany
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hasan M A Isa
- Pediatric Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex/Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | | | - Omar Saadah
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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36
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Saldanha-Gomes C, Hallimat Cissé A, Descarpentrie A, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Forhan A, Charles MA, Heude B, Lioret S, Dargent-Molina P. Prospective associations between dietary patterns, screen and outdoor play times at 2 years and age at adiposity rebound: The EDEN mother-child cohort. Prev Med Rep 2022; 25:101666. [PMID: 35127350 PMCID: PMC8800050 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although an early adiposity rebound (AR) is an established risk factor for later obesity, little is known regarding its determinants, especially modifiable ones. Using data from the French EDEN mother–child cohort (1903 children born in 2003–2006), we aimed to examine the association between diet and activity-related behaviors at 2 years of age and the timing of the AR. Two-year-old children (n = 1138) with parent-reported data on their foods/drinks intake, TV/DVD watching time, outdoor playtime, and with an estimated (via growth modelling) age at AR were included in the present study. Two dietary patterns, labelled 'Nutrient-dense foods' and 'Processed and fast foods', were identified in a previous study. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary patterns and activity-related behaviors and, respectively, the age at AR (continuous) and the likelihood of having a very early AR (before 3.6 years for girls and 3.8 years for boys, i.e., below the 10th percentile of sex-specific distribution). A higher score on the ‘Processed and fast foods’ dietary pattern was associated with a higher likelihood of having a very early AR (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.50). No significant association was observed between the ‘Nutrient-dense foods’ dietary pattern, TV/DVD watching and outdoor playing times and the timing of the AR. This finding emphasizes the importance of reducing nutrient-dense and processed foods from the early years of life, and provides further support for early interventions aimed at helping parents establish healthy eating habits for their growing child from the complementary period.
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37
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Deierlein AL, Litvak J, Stein CR. Preconception Health and Disability Status Among Women of Reproductive Age Participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2013-2018. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:1320-1333. [PMID: 35041530 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preconception health is a critical determinant of health outcomes for women and their offspring. Given higher rates of prenatal and postpartum complications among women with disabilities, it is important to investigate a range of preconception health indicators in this population. Materials and Methods: Data were from women of reproductive age (18-44 years) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2013-2018. Disability was self-reported as serious difficulty hearing, seeing, concentrating, walking, dressing, and/or running errands due to physical, mental, or emotional conditions. Preconception health indicators were adapted from those developed by the Core State Preconception Health Indicators Working Group. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals of preconception health indicators among women with disabilities compared with those without disabilities. Results: Of 4055 women, 601 (15%, weighted) reported having any disabilities, and of these women, 220 (6%) reported having 2 or more types of disabilities. Women with any disabilities were more likely to have suboptimal preconception health indicators compared with women without disabilities, including low education and household income, no recent dental visit, difficulty getting pregnant, current smoking, binge drinking, drug use, obesity, no multivitamin use, physical inactivity, long sleep durations, asthma, hypertension, and sexually transmitted infections (aPRs from 1.1 to 2.0). The greatest disparities between women with and without disabilities were for indicators of self-rated poor or fair general health, depression, and diabetes, with aPRs ranging from 2.4 to 3.8. Conclusions: Disparities in preconception health indicators are modifiable and may be addressed through adequate access to health care, interventions targeting lifestyle and health behaviors, and education and training for all health practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Deierlein
- Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaqueline Litvak
- Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cheryl R Stein
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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38
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Melby PS, Elsborg P, Bentsen P, Nielsen G. Cross-sectional associations between adolescents' physical literacy, sport and exercise participation, and wellbeing. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1054482. [PMID: 36926143 PMCID: PMC10011712 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1054482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is a significant period in one's development of positive emotional and social wellbeing. Physical literacy (PL) is considered a determinant of physical health and wellbeing and is thought to be the foundation for an individual's engagement in physical activities. Yet, limited evidence exists on PL's association with adolescents' health and physical activity behavior. This study aims to (1) explore the associations between Danish adolescents' PL and their emotional and social wellbeing, (2) examine whether these associations are mediated by sport and exercise participation (SEP), and (3) consider if the associations differ across sex. Methods Cross-sectional data from a national population survey were collected in 2020. The sample consisted of 1,518 Danish adolescents aged 13-15 years. PL was assessed with the validated MyPL questionnaire. The weekly time engaged in sports and exercise was self-reported. Self-esteem, life satisfaction, body satisfaction, and loneliness were measured with items from the standardized HBSC questionnaire, and a wellbeing composite score was calculated from these four measures. We constructed structural equation models with PL and sports and exercise participation as independent variables and the five aspects of wellbeing as dependent variables. Results Positive associations were observed between PL and SEP (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and between PL and the five aspects of wellbeing with β-values between 0.19 and 0.30 (p < 0.001). These associations were greater among girls. The association between PL and four of the five wellbeing outcomes were partly mediated by SEP with indirect effects (β) between 0.03 and 0.05. Conclusions Results from this study support the hypotheses that PL is important for children and adolescents' wellbeing and physical activity behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina S Melby
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Centre Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Gentofte, Denmark.,Danish School Sports, Nyborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Elsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Centre Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Gentofte, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Peter Bentsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Glen Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Monaco-Brown M, Lawrence DA. Obesity and Maternal-Placental-Fetal Immunology and Health. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:859885. [PMID: 35573953 PMCID: PMC9100592 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.859885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates in women of childbearing age is now at 29%, according to recent CDC reports. It is known that obesity is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, including disruptions in cellular function and cytokine levels. In pregnant women who are obese, associated placental dysfunction can lead to small for gestational age (SGA) infants. More frequently, however, maternal obesity is associated with large for gestational age (LGA) newborns, who also have higher incidence of metabolic disease and asthma due to elevated levels of inflammation. In addition, anthropogenic environmental exposures to "endocrine disrupting" and "forever" chemicals affect obesity, as well as maternal physiology, the placenta, and fetal development. Placental function is intimately associated with the control of inflammation during pregnancy. There is a large amount of literature examining the relationship of placental immunology, both cellular and humoral, with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Cells such as placental macrophages and NK cells have been implicated in spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia, preterm birth, perinatal neuroinflammation, and other post-natal conditions. Differing levels of placental cytokines and molecular inflammatory mediators also have known associations with preeclampsia and developmental outcomes. In this review, we will specifically examine the literature regarding maternal, placental, and fetal immunology and how it is altered by maternal obesity and environmental chemicals. We will additionally describe the relationship between placental immune function and clinical outcomes, including neonatal conditions, autoimmune disease, allergies, immunodeficiency, metabolic and endocrine conditions, neurodevelopment, and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Monaco-Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Bernard and Millie Duker Children's Hospital at Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - David A Lawrence
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, United States.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, United States
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Exposure to maternal hyperglycemia and high-fat diet consumption after weaning in rats: repercussions on periovarian adipose tissue. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:634-641. [PMID: 34859760 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological studies show that maternal hyperglycemia can change the programming of offspring leading to transgenerational effects. These changes may be related to environmental factors, such as high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, and contribute to the comorbidity onset at the adulthood of the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment, associated or not with an HFD administered from weaning to adult life on the periovarian adipose tissue of rat offspring Maternal diabetes was chemically induced by Streptozotocin. Female offsprings were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (n = 5 animals/group): Female offspring from control or diabetic mothers and fed an HFD or standard diet. HFD was prepared with lard enrichment and given from weaning to adulthood. On day 120 of life, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed to obtain adipose tissue samples. Then, the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment and HFD fed after weaning caused a higher body weight, total fat, and periovarian fat in adult offspring, which could compromise the future reproductive function of these females. These rats showed higher adiposity index and adipocyte area, contributing to hypertrophied adipose tissue. Therefore, maternal diabetes itself causes intergenerational changes and, in association with the HFD consumption after weaning, exacerbated the changes in the adipose tissue of adult female offspring.
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41
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Association of increased abdominal adiposity at birth with altered ventral caudate microstructure. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2396-2403. [PMID: 34282269 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal adiposity is associated with a higher risk of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in later life. It is however unknown if central food intake regulating networks in the ventral striatum are altered with in-utero abdominal growth, indexed by neonatal adiposity in our current study. We aim to examine the relationship between striatal microstructure and abdominal adipose tissue compartments (AATCs) in Asian neonates from the Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes mother-offspring cohort. STUDY DESIGN About 109 neonates were included in this study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for the brain and abdominal regions between 5 to 17 days of life. Diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain was performed for the derivation of caudate and putamen fractional anisotropy (FA). Abdominal imaging was performed to quantify AATCs namely superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (sSAT), deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT), and internal adipose tissue (IAT). Absolute and percentage adipose tissue of total abdominal volume (TAV) were calculated. RESULTS We showed that AATCs at birth were significantly associated with increased FA in bilateral ventral caudate heads which are part of the ventral striatum (sSAT: βleft = 0.56, p < 0.001; βright = 0.65, p < 0.001, dSAT: βleft = 0.43, p < 0.001; βright = 0.52, p < 0.001, IAT: βleft = 0.30, p = 0.005; βright = 0.32, p = 0.002) in neonates with low birth weights adjusted for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides preliminary evidence of a potential relationship between neonatal adiposity and in-utero programming of the ventral striatum, a brain structure that governs feeding behavior.
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Vrijheid M, Basagaña X, Gonzalez JR, Jaddoe VWV, Jensen G, Keun HC, McEachan RRC, Porcel J, Siroux V, Swertz MA, Thomsen C, Aasvang GM, Andrušaitytė S, Angeli K, Avraam D, Ballester F, Burton P, Bustamante M, Casas M, Chatzi L, Chevrier C, Cingotti N, Conti D, Crépet A, Dadvand P, Duijts L, van Enckevort E, Esplugues A, Fossati S, Garlantezec R, Gómez Roig MD, Grazuleviciene R, Gützkow KB, Guxens M, Haakma S, Hessel EVS, Hoyles L, Hyde E, Klanova J, van Klaveren JD, Kortenkamp A, Le Brusquet L, Leenen I, Lertxundi A, Lertxundi N, Lionis C, Llop S, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Lyon-Caen S, Maitre L, Mason D, Mathy S, Mazarico E, Nawrot T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Ortiz R, Pedersen M, Perelló J, Pérez-Cruz M, Philippat C, Piler P, Pizzi C, Quentin J, Richiardi L, Rodriguez A, Roumeliotaki T, Sabin Capote JM, Santiago L, Santos S, Siskos AP, Strandberg-Larsen K, Stratakis N, Sunyer J, Tenenhaus A, Vafeiadi M, Wilson RC, Wright J, Yang T, Slama R. Advancing tools for human early lifecourse exposome research and translation (ATHLETE): Project overview. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e166. [PMID: 34934888 PMCID: PMC8683140 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stages are vulnerable to environmental hazards and present important windows of opportunity for lifelong disease prevention. This makes early life a relevant starting point for exposome studies. The Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project aims to develop a toolbox of exposome tools and a Europe-wide exposome cohort that will be used to systematically quantify the effects of a wide range of community- and individual-level environmental risk factors on mental, cardiometabolic, and respiratory health outcomes and associated biological pathways, longitudinally from early pregnancy through to adolescence. Exposome tool and data development include as follows: (1) a findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data infrastructure for early life exposome cohort data, including 16 prospective birth cohorts in 11 European countries; (2) targeted and nontargeted approaches to measure a wide range of environmental exposures (urban, chemical, physical, behavioral, social); (3) advanced statistical and toxicological strategies to analyze complex multidimensional exposome data; (4) estimation of associations between the exposome and early organ development, health trajectories, and biological (metagenomic, metabolomic, epigenetic, aging, and stress) pathways; (5) intervention strategies to improve early life urban and chemical exposomes, co-produced with local communities; and (6) child health impacts and associated costs related to the exposome. Data, tools, and results will be assembled in an openly accessible toolbox, which will provide great opportunities for researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders, beyond the duration of the project. ATHLETE's results will help to better understand and prevent health damage from environmental exposures and their mixtures from the earliest parts of the life course onward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding Author. Address: ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, C. Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: (M. Vrijheid)
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan R. Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Genon Jensen
- Health & Environment Alliance (HEAL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hector C. Keun
- Department of Surgery & Cancer and Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary R. C. McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford,United Kingdom
| | - Joana Porcel
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valerie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB (Institute for Advanced Biosciences) Joint Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Morris A. Swertz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Genomics Coordination Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Andrušaitytė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Karine Angeli
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paul Burton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cécile Chevrier
- University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)—UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | | | - David Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amélie Crépet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther van Enckevort
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Genomics Coordination Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Esplugues
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ronan Garlantezec
- CHU de Rennes, University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)—UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - María Dolores Gómez Roig
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kristine B. Gützkow
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescence Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sido Haakma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Genomics Coordination Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen V. S. Hessel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Hyde
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Genomics Coordination Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jacob D. van Klaveren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- Brunel University London, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Le Brusquet
- University Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ivonne Leenen
- Health & Environment Alliance (HEAL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
- Biodonostia, Research Health Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nerea Lertxundi
- University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
- Biodonostia, Research Health Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Christos Lionis
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB (Institute for Advanced Biosciences) Joint Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dan Mason
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford,United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Mathy
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, Grenoble INP, GAEL, Grenoble, France
| | - Edurne Mazarico
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Centre for Health and Environment, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodney Ortiz
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Pedersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Míriam Pérez-Cruz
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB (Institute for Advanced Biosciences) Joint Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Joane Quentin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB (Institute for Advanced Biosciences) Joint Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandros P. Siskos
- Department of Surgery & Cancer and Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nikos Stratakis
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arthur Tenenhaus
- University Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Rebecca C. Wilson
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford,United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford,United Kingdom
| | - Remy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB (Institute for Advanced Biosciences) Joint Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
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Tørslev MK, Andersen PT, Nielsen AV, Petri M, Termansen T, Vardinghus-Nielsen H, Varming A, Bloch P. Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes: a protocol for a long-term Supersetting initiative to promote health and prevent type 2 diabetes among people living in an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse neighbourhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048846. [PMID: 34580094 PMCID: PMC8477325 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is an escalating public health problem closely related to socioeconomic position. There is increased risk of type 2 diabetes in disadvantaged neighbourhoods where education, occupation and income levels are low. Meanwhile, studies show positive health outcomes of participatory community interventions pointing towards the need for increased health promotion and prevention of type 2 diabetes in local communities. This study protocol describes Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes (TCD), a community-based health promotion and type 2 diabetes prevention initiative in Tingbjerg, a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. METHODS AND ANALYSIS TCD is a long-term, complex intervention, implemented in three phases from 2014 to 2032, focusing on partnership formation (phase 1, 2014-2019), developing and implementing action for health (phase 2, 2019-2030) and diffusion of knowledge (phase 3, 2022-2032). The Supersetting principles act as guidelines for development and implementation of all intervention activities of TCD, involving several population groups in a variety of everyday life settings. The implementation of TCD draws on Community Action Research design and methodologies. TCD's evaluation and research strategy is interdisciplinary, pragmatic and multimethod, unfolding at three levels of operation: (A) evaluating activities, (B) researching cross-cutting topics, and (C) researching methods and approaches. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION TCD has been approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency. Accordingly, the initiative is carried out in adherence to rules and regulations of the Danish Data Protection Agency. As data contain no personal identifiable or sensitive data, no clearance from the Danish National Ethical Review Board can be obtained according to Danish regulations. Citizen, local agents and stakeholders are engaged in the design and execution of TCD to ensure usefulness, reflexive interpretation of data, relevance and iterative progression of interventions. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals, presented at conferences and through public media including TCD home page, podcasts and videos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Asser Vittrup Nielsen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Health Promotion, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Marie Petri
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tina Termansen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vardinghus-Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Annemarie Varming
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Paul Bloch
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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44
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Gaytán-Pacheco N, Lima-Rogel V, Méndez-Mancilla A, Escalante-Padrón F, Toro-Ortíz JC, Jiménez-Capdeville ME, Zaga-Clavellina V, Portales-Pérez DP, Noyola DE, Salgado-Bustamante M. Changes in PPAR-γ Expression Are Associated with microRNA Profiles during Fetal Programming due to Maternal Overweight and Obesity. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021; 86:415-426. [PMID: 34547756 DOI: 10.1159/000517116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a global increase in the prevalence of obesity in pregnant women in recent years. Animal studies have shown that intrauterine environment associated with maternal obesity leads to epigenetic changes. However, the effects of epigenetic changes occurring before birth in response to maternal conditions have not been clearly characterized in humans. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ expression in cell cultures from newborns from mothers with overweight and obesity, in response to in vitro metabolic challenges and their relationship with microRNA profile and cytokine expression. Methods/Study design: The profile of circulating microRNAs from 72 mother-child pairs (including healthy infants born to normal weight [n = 35], overweight [n = 25], and obese [n = 12] mothers) was determined through real-time PCR, and the PPAR-γ expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from offspring was analyzed after in vitro challenges. RESULTS miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-378a were upregulated in overweight mothers, while miR-378a was upregulated in obese mothers compared to normal weight mothers. In children from overweight mothers, miR-155 and miR-221 were downregulated and miR-146a was upregulated, while offspring of mothers with obesity showed downregulation of miR-155, miR-221, and miR-1301. These microRNAs have direct or indirect relation with PPAR-γ expression. In vitro exposure to high triglyceride and exposure to miR-378a induced a higher expression of PPAR-γ in cells from offspring of mothers with overweight and obesity. In contrast, cells from offspring of mothers with obesity cultured with high glucose concentrations showed PPAR-γ downregulation. IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α expression in cells of offspring of overweight and obese mothers differed from that of offspring of normal weight mothers. Limitation of our study is the small sample size. CONCLUSION The blood microRNA profile, and in vitro PPAR-γ and inflammatory cytokine expression in cells of newborn infants are associated with maternal obesity indicating that epigenetic marks may be established during intrauterine development. Key Message: Neonatal microRNA profile is associated with maternal weight. Neonatal microRNA profile is independent of maternal microRNA profile. PPAR-γ expression in newborn cell cultures is affected by maternal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Gaytán-Pacheco
- Biochemistry Department, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Victoria Lima-Rogel
- Pediatrics Division, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto,", San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Mancilla
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Chemistry Faculty, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Toro-Ortíz
- Ginecology and Obstetrics Division, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto,", San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | | | - Diana P Portales-Pérez
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Chemistry Faculty, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Daniel E Noyola
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
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45
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Svanes C, Bertelsen RJ, Accordini S, Holloway JW, Júlíusson P, Boateng E, Krauss-Etchmann S, Schlünssen V, Gómez-Real F, Skulstad SM. Exposures during the prepuberty period and future offspring's health: evidence from human cohort studies†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:667-680. [PMID: 34416759 PMCID: PMC8444705 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that exposures in prepuberty, particularly in fathers-to-be, may impact the phenotype of future offspring. Analyses of the RHINESSA cohort find that offspring of father’s exposed to tobacco smoking or overweight that started in prepuberty demonstrate poorer respiratory health in terms of more asthma and lower lung function. A role of prepuberty onset smoking for offspring fat mass is suggested in the RHINESSA and ALSPAC cohorts, and historic studies suggest that ancestral nutrition during prepuberty plays a role for grand-offspring’s health and morbidity. Support for causal relationships between ancestral exposures and (grand-)offspring’s health in humans has been enhanced by advancements in statistical analyses that optimize the gain while accounting for the many complexities and deficiencies in human multigeneration data. The biological mechanisms underlying such observations have been explored in experimental models. A role of sperm small RNA in the transmission of paternal exposures to offspring phenotypes has been established, and chemical exposures and overweight have been shown to influence epigenetic programming in germ cells. For example, exposure of adolescent male mice to smoking led to differences in offspring weight and alterations in small RNAs in the spermatozoa of the exposed fathers. It is plausible that male prepuberty may be a time window of particular susceptibility, given the extensive epigenetic reprogramming taking place in the spermatocyte precursors at this age. In conclusion, epidemiological studies in humans, mechanistic research, and biological plausibility, all support the notion that exposures in the prepuberty of males may influence the phenotype of future offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi J Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Centre of Expertise Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - John W Holloway
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, UK.,Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pétur Júlíusson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Register Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eistine Boateng
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etchmann
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health-Work, Environment and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francisco Gómez-Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Svein Magne Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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46
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Grøndahl MFG, Johannesen J, Kristensen K, Knop FK. Treatment of type 2 diabetes in children: what are the specific considerations? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:2127-2141. [PMID: 34420454 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1954160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The number of individuals under 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. These patients are often characterized by obesity and they often experience a more rapid disease progression than adults with type 2 diabetes. Thus, focus on prevention and management of complications and comorbidities is imperative. With emphasis on weight loss and optimal glycemic control, treatment includes lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy, which in this patient group is limited to metformin, liraglutide and insulin. In selected cases, bariatric surgery is indicated.Areas covered: This perspective article provides an overview of the literature covering pathophysiology, diagnosis, characteristics and treatment of pediatric type 2 diabetes, and outlines the gaps in our knowledge where further research is needed. The paper draws on both mechanistic studies, large scale intervention trials, epidemiological studies and international consensus statements.Expert opinion: Type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients is an increasing health care problem, and the current treatment strategies do not successfully meet the many challenges and obstacles in this patient group. Treatments must be early, intensive, multifaceted and durable. Also, prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes in at-risk children should be addressed and prioritized on all levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus F G Grøndahl
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Johannesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Kurt Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus - Children and Adolescence, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hardy I, Lloyd A, Morisset AS, Camirand Lemyre F, Baillargeon JP, Fraser WD. Healthy for My Baby Research Protocol- a Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing a Preconception Intervention to Improve the Lifestyle of Overweight Women and Their Partners. Front Public Health 2021; 9:670304. [PMID: 34414154 PMCID: PMC8369366 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.670304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Preconception lifestyle interventions appear promising to reduce pregnancy complications, prevent adult cardiometabolic diseases, and prevent childhood obesity. These interventions have almost exclusively been studied in populations of obese infertile women. The development of preconception lifestyle interventions targeting a broader population of overweight and obese women without a history infertility and their partners is needed. Methods: This study is a multicenter open label parallel group randomized controlled trial. Sixty-eight non-infertile women with overweight or obesity in the preconception period and their partners will be recruited from the Sherbrooke and Quebec City regions. The couples will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive the Healthy for my Baby intervention or standard care in the preconception period and pregnancy. Women and their partners will be invited to take part in this lifestyle intervention which includes motivational interviews and daily self-monitoring of lifestyle goals through a mobile phone application. The primary endpoint of this study is the diet quality of women during the preconception period, which will be evaluated using the C-HEI 2007 score at baseline, 2, 4- and 6-months following study enrolment. Women's dietary quality will also be evaluated through the measure of urinary biomarkers of habitual dietary intake at baseline and 2 months in preconception, and 24–26 weeks in pregnancy. Additional indicators of women's lifestyle as well as anthropometric measures will be documented in preconception and pregnancy. For the pregnancy period, the main secondary endpoint is the pattern of gestational weight gain. Pregnancy and neonatal complications will also be evaluated. For partners, diet quality, other lifestyle habits, and anthropometric measures will be documented in the preconception and pregnancy periods. Discussion: This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost intervention designed to improve diet and other lifestyle characteristics of women in the preconception period who are overweight or obese. If the Healthy for my Baby intervention is efficacious regarding dietary measures, larger trials will be needed to evaluate the impact of this intervention on the rates of pregnancy complications, childhood obesity, and adult cardiometabolic disease. Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04242069).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Hardy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Amanda Lloyd
- Institute of Biological, Environmental, and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, Laval University, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Felix Camirand Lemyre
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sherbrooke and CRCHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Patrice Baillargeon
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke and CRCHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Melby PS, Elsborg P, Nielsen G, Lima RA, Bentsen P, Andersen LB. Exploring the importance of diversified physical activities in early childhood for later motor competence and physical activity level: a seven-year longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1492. [PMID: 34340663 PMCID: PMC8330057 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research indicates that childhood motor competence (MC) can predict physical activity (PA) levels later in life and it has been argued that frequently engaging in a wide diversity of physical activities will eventually improve children's MC. However, no longitudinal or experimental studies have confirmed this theoretical rationale. The aims of this study are to explore the longitudinal associations between diversified physical activities at age six and later MC and PA (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA) (age nine and 13). Furthermore, we explore to what extent the longitudinal association between diversified physical activity and PA is mediated by MC. METHODS Longitudinal data from the Copenhagen School Intervention Study were used for this analysis, where 704 participated (69% response rate). Diversified physical activity (self-reported), MC (The Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder battery of postural stability and locomotor skills) and PA (accelerometer) were assessed in the children at age six, age nine and age 13. A total of 654 participated in at least two of the measures and, therefore, were included in the analysis. Two structural equation models were constructed, with diversified physical activity at age six and MC and PA at age nine as predictors of PA and MC at age 13. RESULTS The data from both models demonstrated good model fit. Diversified physical activity at 6 years of age was significantly associated with physical activity and MC at age 13, when adjusting for sex, age, intervention, weight, height, and previous levels of PA and MC. Diversified physical activity at age six was also positively associated with PA and MC at age nine, which were, in turn, positively related to PA at age 13 but to a lesser degree than diversified PA at age six. The association between diversified physical activity at age six and PA at age 13 was not mediated by MC at age nine. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that diversified physical activity at age six is important for the development of MC and PA in adolescence. Increasing the diversity of children's daily physical activities, not only the amount and intensity, seems important for future PA behavior and thereby health promotion in a life course perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina S. Melby
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Gentofte, 2820 Danmark
| | - Peter Elsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Gentofte, 2820 Danmark
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Glen Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rodrigo A. Lima
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Bentsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars B. Andersen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Sogndal, Bergen, 5020 Norway
- Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, 5020 Norway
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Effect of perinatal administration of flavonoid-rich extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa to feed-restricted rats, on offspring postnatal growth and reproductive development. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Developmental programming is a process where stimulus or insult acting during critical periods of growth and development might permanently alter tissue anatomy and physiology so as to produce adverse effects in adult life. Most forms of exposure include maternal nutrient deprivation, nutrient excess, exogenous glucocorticoid excess and endogenous glucocorticoid due to maternal stress. Hibiscus sabdariffa (Hs) are highly rich in phenolic compounds with marked physiological activities, the sweetened aqueous extract of Hs, commonly known as “Zobo’ in Nigeria, is consumed by humans including pregnant and lactating mothers. This study aimed at determining effects of perinatal administration of flavonoid-rich extract from Hs to feed-restricted rats, on offspring postnatal growth and reproductive development. Twenty-five pregnant female rats were used. Rats were randomly placed into five groups of five rats per group (one animal per cage): Group I (Normal control); Group II (feed-restricted control); Group III (5 mg/kg extract + 70% feed-restricted diet); Group IV (10 mg/kg extract + 70% feed-restricted diet); Group V (20 mg/kg extract + 70% feed-restricted diet). Dams were allowed to nurse only 8 pups. Pups were weaned to ad libitum feed and water and were observed daily for puberty onset. Weights, lengths and body mass index (BMI) of pups were measured at delivery, weaning and puberty onset. At onset of puberty in each of the rats, blood samples were collected for determination of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol and testosterone. Reproductive organs were excised and weighed for histology. The extract caused significant increase in postnatal weight, length and BMI of offspring at birth, weaning and puberty onset and significantly delayed puberty onset in both sexes. There was significant increase in absolute and relative weights of testes and ovaries with alterations in histology. This study has shown that maternal consumption of flavonoid-rich extract of Hs during pregnancy and lactation may accelerate offspring postnatal growth with delay in onset of puberty.
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McNamara R, Quinn R, Murrin C, Bel-Serrat S. Teachers' perspectives on the barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescent girls of disadvantaged backgrounds in Ireland: A qualitative study. Appetite 2021; 167:105585. [PMID: 34246715 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Though adolescence is a particularly sensitive period regarding the development of long-lasting health-related attitudes and behaviors, little research has examined the factors which influence their engagement in such behaviors. Adolescent females are particularly sensitive to suffer from overweight and obesity. It is also a time that can impact the health patterns of future generations due to the influence of preconception maternal factors on the health of their offspring. Furthermore, much research has identified a strong socioeconomic gradient in obesity in Ireland, with individuals from low socioeconomic backgrounds being particularly likely to develop unhealthy habits. The current study aimed to develop an understanding of the factors which influence the health-related behaviors of adolescent girls of low-socioeconomic status in Ireland, an underrepresented yet particularly sensitive cohort. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine teachers from disadvantaged schools in Dublin and were examined using a thematic analytic approach. Nine themes were identified: lack of interest and knowledge, lack of self-confidence, the dual role of modern technology, behaviors of significant others, need for good role models, availability of convenience foods, inadequate existing approaches and initiatives, lack of resources to promote a healthy lifestyle, and living difficulties at home and in the community. Findings suggested ways for intervening at personal, interpersonal, organizational and community levels. In conclusion, a range of practical changes are required in the home, school, and community environments in order to improve the health of these individuals, and ultimately to improve the health of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin McNamara
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin Quinn
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Celine Murrin
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvia Bel-Serrat
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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