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Xia Y, Luo D, Xu A, Zhao B, Lin H, Yao H, Li S. Insight into the mechanism of melatonin in attenuating PCB126-induced liver injury: Resistance to ROS-dependent NETs formation to alleviate inflammation and lipid metabolism dysfunction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115923. [PMID: 38171107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
3,3',4',4',5-Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB126) is classified as a persistent organic environmental pollutant that can cause liver damage by producing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS also can stimulate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, which cause damage to organism if NETs are produced in excess. Melatonin is generally considered to possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammation prosperities, but it is unclear whether it can alleviate PCB126-induced injury. To explore whether PCB126-induced liver injury is related to the formation of NETs and whether melatonin has a potent protective effect, we established PCB126 exposure/ PCB126 and melatonin co-treatment mouse models by gavage. To further clarify the specific mechanism, we also cultured neutrophils and AML12 cells to replicate in vivo model. Here, we found PCB126 exposure resulted in an elevation in the activities of MDA, LPO, PCO, and 8-OHdG, and a reduction in the activities of CAT, GSH-PX and SOD. We found that PCB126 exposure led to an elevation in the expression levels of chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL12, and CXCL8) and marker factors for NETs formation (MPO, NE, NOX2, PKCα, and PKCζ) in the PCB126 group. IF, SYTOX staining, and SEM results also revealed that PCB126 could stimulate NETs formation. In addition, results of a co-culture system of PBNs and AML12 cells revealed that the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) significantly decreased and the expression levels of metabolism factors (Fas, Acc, and Srebp) slightly decreased for scavenging NETs, indicating NETs formation aggravated PCB126-induced hepatic damages. Noteworthy, treatment with melatonin reversed these results. In summary, our findings revealed that melatonin alleviated hepatic damage aggravated by PCB126-induced ROS-dependent NETs formation through suppressing excessive ROS production. This finding not only enriches toxicological mechanism of PCB126, but more importantly extends biological effects of melatonin and its potential application values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Dongliu Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anqi Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongjin Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Haidong Yao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Miret NV, Pontillo CA, Buján S, Chiappini FA, Randi AS. Mechanisms of breast cancer progression induced by environment-polluting aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115773. [PMID: 37659737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive malignancy among women worldwide and constitutes a complex and heterogeneous disease. Interest has recently grown in the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in breast cancer and the contribution of environment-polluting AhR agonists. Here, we present a literature review addressing AhR ligands, including pesticides hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, parabens, and phthalates. The objectives of this review are a) to summarize recent original experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies on the biological mechanisms of AhR agonists which interfere with the regulation of breast endocrine functions, and b) to examine the biological effects of AhR ligands and their impact on breast cancer development and progression. We discuss biological mechanisms of action in cell viability, cell cycle, proliferation, epigenetic changes, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and cell migration and invasion. In addition, we examine the effects of AhR ligands on angiogenic processes, metastasis, chemoresistance, and stem cell renewal. We conclude that exposure to AhR agonists stimulates pathways that promote breast cancer development and may contribute to tumor progression. Given the massive use of industrial and agricultural chemicals, ongoing evaluation of their effects in laboratory assays and preclinical studies in breast cancer at environmentally relevant doses is deemed essential. Likewise, awareness should be raised in the population regarding the most harmful toxicants to eradicate or minimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia V Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Físico-Matemática, Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Junín 954, 1er subsuelo (CP1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carolina A Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sol Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia A Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Donat-Vargas C, Schillemans T, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, de Faire U, Arrebola JP, Wolk A, Leander K, Åkesson A. Blood Levels of Organochlorine Contaminants Mixtures and Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2333347. [PMID: 37698859 PMCID: PMC10498337 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Cardiovascular toxic effects derived from high exposures to individual organochlorine compounds are well documented. However, there is no evidence on low but continuous exposure to combined organochlorine compounds in the general population. Objective To evaluate the association of combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds, including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective nested case-control study included data from 2 cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical (SMC-C) and the Cohort of 60-Year-Olds (60YO), with matched case-control pairs based on age, sex, and sample date. Baseline blood sampling occurred from November 2003 to September 2009 (SMC-C) and from August 1997 to March 1999 (60YO), with follow-up through December 2017 (SMC-C) and December 2014 (60YO). Participants with myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke were matched with controls for composite CVD evaluation. Data were analyzed from September 2020 to May 2023. Exposures A total of 25 organochlorine compounds were measured in blood at baseline by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. For 7 compounds, more than 75% of the samples were lower than the limit of detection and not included. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident cases of primary myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were ascertained via linkage to the National Patient Register (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes I21 and I63). The quantile-based g-computation method was used to estimate the association between the combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds and composite CVD. Results Of 1528 included participants, 1024 (67.0%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 72 (7.0) years in the SMC-C and 61 (0.1) years in the 60YO. The odds ratio of composite CVD was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.11-2.64) per 1-quartile increment of total organochlorine compounds mixture. Organochlorinated pesticides were the largest contributors, and β-hexachlorocyclohexane and transnonachlor had the highest impact. Most of the outcome was not explained by disturbances in the main cardiometabolic risk factors, ie, high body mass index, hypertension, lipid alteration, or diabetes. Conclusions and Relevance In this prospective nested case-control study, participants with higher exposures to organochlorines had an increased probability of experiencing a cardiovascular event, the major cause of death worldwide. Measures may be required to reduce these exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tessa Schillemans
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Peinado FM, Iribarne-Durán LM, Artacho-Cordón F. Human Exposure to Bisphenols, Parabens, and Benzophenones, and Its Relationship with the Inflammatory Response: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087325. [PMID: 37108488 PMCID: PMC10139086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols, parabens (PBs), and benzophenones (BPs) are widely used environmental chemicals that have been linked to several adverse health effects due to their endocrine disrupting properties. However, the cellular pathways through which these chemicals lead to adverse outcomes in humans are still unclear, suggesting some evidence that inflammation might play a key role. Thus, the aim of this study was to summarize the current evidence on the relationship between human exposure to these chemicals and levels of inflammatory biomarkers. A systematic review of peer-reviewed original research studies published up to February 2023 was conducted using the MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Most of the reviewed studies reported significant associations between any of the selected chemicals (mainly bisphenol A) and some pro-inflammatory biomarkers (including C-reactive protein and interleukin 6, among others). Taken together, this systematic review has identified consistent positive associations between human exposure to some chemicals and levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, with very few studies exploring the associations between PBs and/or BPs and inflammation. Therefore, a larger number of studies are required to get a better understanding on the mechanisms of action underlying bisphenols, PBs, and BPs and the critical role that inflammation could play.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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Wu B, Guo X, Feng L, Gao J, Xia W, Xie P, Ma S, Liu H, Zhao D, Qu G, Sun C, Lowe S, Bentley R, Sun Y. Combined exposure to multiple dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls on hypertension among US adults in NHANES: a cross-sectional study under three statistical models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:28730-28744. [PMID: 36401011 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) are mainly released as by-products of human activities, often in the form of mixtures, and the potential harm on human health deserves attention. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the combined effect of dioxins and DL-PCB exposures on hypertension (HTN) among US adults. Data of eligible participants were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multiple logistic regression models with adjustment for covariates were applied to explore the associations between 13 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and HTN. Stratified analyses and interaction analyses were then conducted by age and gender. Finally, the combined effects of dioxins and DL-PCBs on HTN were assessed by the weighted quantile sum (WQS) model and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model. A total of 976 adults were included in our study, of whom 397 had HTN. Spearman correlations indicated positive correlations among 13 POPs. And most of them (except PCB28, PCB66, and 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-hpcdf) had significant effects on HTN. The result of WQS revealed that mixed exposure to dioxins and DL-PCBs was significantly associated with increased risk of HTN (OR: 2.205; 95% CIs: 1.555, 3.127). The BKMR model also presented a positive trend of HTN risk with exposure to multiple dioxins and DL-PCBs. And 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-ocdd may be the main factor for this positive association. Considering the limitations of our cross-sectional study with the small sample, further prospective studies are necessary to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linya Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weihang Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60657, USA
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Rachel Bentley
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, No. 64 Chaohubei Road, Hefei, 238006, Anhui, China.
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Liu X, Cao W, Liu X, Zhou Y, Wen S. Associations between Maternal Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Serum Concentrations and Pulse Pressure in Early Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13785. [PMID: 36360663 PMCID: PMC9654335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pulse pressure (PP) is the difference between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. Previous research suggests, with different conclusions, that exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) could affect blood pressure (BP). We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the association of dioxin exposure with PP in early pregnancy. A total of 305 pregnant women in early pregnancy in Yingcheng, China, recruited from May 2018 to February 2021, were included in this study. We measured 17 congeners of PCDD/Fs in maternal serum via high-resolution gas chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry. A generalized linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of dioxin exposure and their relationships with PP. The levels of total PCDD/Fs (∑PCDD/Fs) ranged from 163.52 pg/g lipid to 1,513,949.52 pg/g lipid, with a mean of 10,474.22 pg/g lipid. The mean toxicity equivalent (TEQ) of total PCDD/Fs (∑TEQ-PCDD/Fs) was 42.03 pg/g lipid. The ratio of tetrachlorinated to octa-chlorinated congeners in maternal serum was enriched with an increasing number of chlorines. Pregnant women with college and above education had higher concentrations of ∑PCDD/Fs than those with education levels of junior high school and below (β = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.67). The adjusted model for ∑TEQ-PCDD/Fs was significantly and negatively associated with PP (β = -1.79, 95% CI: -2.91, -0.68). High levels of dioxins were found in this area, and exposure to dioxins may affect the PP of women in early pregnancy, with health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yan Zhou
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-027-8765-5221 (Y.Z.)
| | - Sheng Wen
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-027-8765-5221 (Y.Z.)
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Jalili V, Ghanbari Kakavandi M, Ghiasvand A, Barkhordari A. Microextraction techniques for sampling and determination of polychlorinated biphenyls: A comprehensive review. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen H, Liang X, Chen L, Zuo L, Chen K, Wei Y, Chen S, Hao G. Associations Between Household Pesticide Exposure, Smoking and Hypertension. Front Public Health 2022; 10:754643. [PMID: 35273934 PMCID: PMC8902065 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.754643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This analysis aims to investigate the association between household pesticide exposure and hypertension risk, and to determine whether smoking plays a role in this association. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 1999–2014, including a total of 32,309 U.S. adult participants who were 20 years or older. Smoking status and pesticide exposure were self-reported. Blood pressure was measured by trained personnel using a mercury sphygmomanometer, according to a standardized protocol. We observed an increased risk of hypertension (OR [odds ratio] = 1.10, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.01–1.18) in participants with exposure to household pesticides. Moreover, a significant interaction between smoking status and pesticide exposure on hypertension was observed (P = 0.022). Stratified analysis showed that household pesticide exposure was associated with a 29% higher risk of hypertension (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08–1.53) in smokers. However, for non-smokers, this association was not significant. Similar trends were found for systolic and diastolic blood pressures. In addition, we investigated the associations between pesticide metabolites in urine/serum and hypertension and found that several metabolites of dioxins, furans, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls were significantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension. This study suggests that household pesticide exposure is associated with an elevated risk of hypertension. We also report that smoking may accentuate the effect of pesticide exposure on hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Lei Zuo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuncai Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehong Wei
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouyi Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Hao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Hernández-Mariano JÁ, Baltazar-Reyes MC, Salazar-Martínez E, Cupul-Uicab LA. Exposure to the pesticide DDT and risk of diabetes and hypertension: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 239:113865. [PMID: 34700204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental evidence suggests that p,p'-DDE might be involved in the development of diabetes and hypertension (HTN); however, the evidence in humans is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To summarize the epidemiological evidence for the association of p,p'-DDT exposure and its breakdown products with the risk of diabetes and HTN from prospective studies. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Eligible studies (prospective) were search in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and SciELO databases (July 11, 2020). Different search algorithms were used for diabetes and HTN. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated from meta-analysis with random effects for each exposure and outcome. RESULTS A total of 23 prospective studies were included in this review, 16 assessed diabetes and seven HTN; very few measured p,p'-DDT. Exposure to p,p'-DDE was associated with a slightly increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) (pooled OR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.00, 2.07; p = 0.049) and HTN (pooled OR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.38). Dose-response meta-analysis suggested a non-linear relation between p,p'-DDE and T2D. Exposure to p,p'-DDE was not associated with gestational diabetes (pooled OR = 1.01; 95%CI: 0.94, 1.09); similarly, p,p'-DDT was not associated with T2D (pooled OR = 1.03; 95%CI: 0.79, 1.35). CONCLUSIONS Evidence from prospective studies suggests that exposure to p,p'-DDE, the main breakdown product of p,p'-DDT, might increase the risk of developing T2D; such increase may be apparent only at low levels. Exposure to p,p'-DDE may also increase the risk of having HTN; however, further evidence is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Carmen Baltazar-Reyes
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62100, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Salazar-Martínez
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62100, Mexico
| | - Lea A Cupul-Uicab
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62100, Mexico.
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Correia MJ, Pimpão AB, Lopes-Coelho F, Sequeira CO, Coelho NR, Gonçalves-Dias C, Barouki R, Coumoul X, Serpa J, Morello J, Monteiro EC, Pereira SA. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cysteine Redox Dynamics Underlie (Mal)adaptive Mechanisms to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Kidney Cortex. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091484. [PMID: 34573115 PMCID: PMC8469308 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that an interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cysteine-related thiolome at the kidney cortex underlies the mechanisms of (mal)adaptation to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), promoting arterial hypertension (HTN). Using a rat model of CIH-HTN, we investigated the impact of short-term (1 and 7 days), mid-term (14 and 21 days, pre-HTN), and long-term intermittent hypoxia (IH) (up to 60 days, established HTN) on CYP1A1 protein level (a sensitive hallmark of AhR activation) and cysteine-related thiol pools. We found that acute and chronic IH had opposite effects on CYP1A1 and the thiolome. While short-term IH decreased CYP1A1 and increased protein-S-thiolation, long-term IH increased CYP1A1 and free oxidized cysteine. In addition, an in vitro administration of cystine, but not cysteine, to human endothelial cells increased Cyp1a1 expression, supporting cystine as a putative AhR activator. This study supports CYP1A1 as a biomarker of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and oxidized pools of cysteine as risk indicator of OSA-HTN. This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the phenotype of OSA-HTN, mimicked by this model, which is in line with precision medicine challenges in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Correia
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - António B. Pimpão
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina O. Sequeira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Nuno R. Coelho
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Clara Gonçalves-Dias
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, 3TS, Environmental Toxicity, Therapeutic Targets, Cellular Signaling and Biomarkers, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; (R.B.); (X.C.)
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, 3TS, Environmental Toxicity, Therapeutic Targets, Cellular Signaling and Biomarkers, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; (R.B.); (X.C.)
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Judit Morello
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Emília C. Monteiro
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Sofia A. Pereira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.C.); (A.B.P.); (F.L.-C.); (C.O.S.); (N.R.C.); (C.G.-D.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (E.C.M.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Raffetti E, Donat-Vargas C, Mentasti S, Chinotti A, Donato F. Association between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126984. [PMID: 32679627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and epidemiological studies have suggested an association between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), ubiquitous environmental toxic compounds, and the risk of hypertension. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies of the association between PCB exposure and the risk of hypertension. Studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science and by reviewing reference lists. Study-specific risk estimates comparing the highest versus lowest quantile of PCB distribution were combined using random-effects models. We identified 10 cross-sectional studies, 6 cohort studies, and 1 nested case-control study. A pooled excess risk of hypertension was found for total PCBs (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.28-2.26), dioxin-like (DL)-PCBs (OR 1.46, 1.19-1.79), but not for non-dioxin like (NDL)-PCBs (OR 1.19, 0.81-1.73) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of the distribution. According to a dose-response meta-analysis, a linear dose-effect relationship was found for total PCBs [OR 2.23 (95% CI: 1.59-3.14) for 1000 ng PCB/g lipid increase]. This positive association remained when stratifying the analyses by study design (cohort vs cross-sectional studies) and population (general population vs high exposed workers/residents). Among single PCB congeners, DL-PCB 105 and 118, and non-DL-PCB138 and 153 were related to hypertension. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that exposure to PCBs, particularly to DL-PCBs, may be a risk factor for hypertension, independently of other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Raffetti
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Mentasti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chinotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
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12
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Peinado FM, Artacho-Cordón F, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Arrebola JP. Influence of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides on the inflammatory milieu. A systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109561. [PMID: 32668538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are relevant families of persistent organic pollutants, which have been linked to several long-term adverse health effects. The mechanisms of action of these pollutants are still poorly understood. However, there are some evidences suggesting that inflammation might play a key role on their effects. AIM To systematically synthesize the published in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological data assessing the potential influence of exposure to OCPs and PCBs on the development of an inflammatory milieu. METHODS A systematic review of peer-reviewed original research papers published until 1st May 2019 was conducted, by using Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total of 39 articles met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this review. RESULTS The majority of the studies showed significant associations of PCB and OCP exposure with all inflammatory markers measured (n = 30). Some studies showed positive and negative associations (n = 7) and only two studies evidenced negative associations (n = 2). Most of the available evidences came from in vitro and in vivo studies (n = 31), with few epidemiological studies (n = 8). CONCLUSIONS We found consistent positive associations between exposure to PCBs and OCPs and the development of a pro-inflammatory milieu, with only few discrepancies. However, given the limited epidemiological evidence found, our results warrant further research in order to elucidate the real contribution of these pollutants on the inflammatory processes and subsequent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Peinado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - R Barrios-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
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13
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Donat-Vargas C, Moreno-Franco B, Laclaustra M, Sandoval-Insausti H, Jarauta E, Guallar-Castillon P. Exposure to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins, and its relationship with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Aragon Workers' Health Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105433. [PMID: 31918334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental evidence has revealed that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins directly impairs endothelial function and induces atherosclerosis progression. In the general population, despite a small number of recent studies finding a link between PCBs, and stroke and myocardial infraction, the association with early coronary atherosclerosis has not been examined yet. OBJECTIVE To examine whether dietary exposure to PCBs and dioxins is associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a middle-aged men. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis comprising 1844 men in their 50 s and free of cardiovascular disease, who participated in the Aragon Workers' Health Study (AWHS). Individual dietary exposures to PCBs and dioxins were estimated by the contaminant's concentration in food coupled with the corresponding consumption and then participants were classified into quartiles of consumption. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was assessed by computerized tomography. We conducted ordered logistic regressions to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for progression to the categories of more coronary artery calcium, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Among the participants, coronary calcium was not shown in 60.1% (n = 1108), 29.8% had a CACS > 0 and <100 (n = 550), and the remaining 10.1% (n = 186) had a CACS ≥ 100. Compared with those in the first quartile of PCBs exposure, those in the fourth one had an increased odds for having coronary calcium (OR 2.02, 95% CI [1.18, 3.47], p trend 0.019) and for having progressed to categories of more intense calcification (OR 2.03, 95% CI [1.21, 3.40], p trend 0.012). However, no association was found between dietary dioxins exposure and prevalent coronary artery calcium. CONCLUSIONS In this general male population, dietary exposure to PCBs, but not to dioxins, was associated with a higher prevalence of coronary calcium and to more intense subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. PCBs exposure seems to increase the risk of coronary disease in men from the very early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Nutritional and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Environmental Medicine Institute (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Moreno-Franco
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Laclaustra
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Helena Sandoval-Insausti
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Jarauta
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Guallar-Castillon
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Donat‐Vargas C, Bellavia A, Berglund M, Glynn A, Wolk A, Åkesson A. Cardiovascular and cancer mortality in relation to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and marine polyunsaturated fatty acids: a nutritional-toxicological aspect of fish consumption. J Intern Med 2020; 287:197-209. [PMID: 31628875 PMCID: PMC7003855 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-exposure to environmental contaminants present in fish could mitigate the beneficial effects of fish consumption and possibly explain the lack of association observed for mortality in some geographical regions. OBJECTIVE To assess the independent associations of dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids intake with cardiovascular and cancer mortality. METHODS We used the prospective population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men comprising 32 952 women and 36 545 men, free from cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes at baseline in 1998. Validated estimates of dietary PCBs and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids [i.e. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] intake were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Information on death was ascertained through register linkage. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 15.5 years, we ascertained 16 776 deaths. We observed for cardiovascular mortality, comparing extreme quintiles in multivariable models mutually adjusted for PCBs and EPA-DHA, dose-dependent associations for dietary PCB exposure, hazard ratio (HR) 1.31 (CI 95%: 1.08 to 1.57; P-trend 0.005) and for dietary EPA-DHA intake, HR 0.79 (CI 95%: 0.66 to 0.95; P-trend 0.041). For cancer mortality, no clear associations were discerned. CONCLUSION The beneficial effect of fish consumption on the cardiovascular system seems compromised by co-exposure to PCBs - one likely explanation for the inconsistent associations observed between fish consumption and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Donat‐Vargas
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - A. Bellavia
- Department of Environmental HealthHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - M. Berglund
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - A. Glynn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)UppsalaSweden
| | - A. Wolk
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - A. Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional EpidemiologyInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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15
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Cardiovascular Effects of PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in Zebrafish Embryos and Impact of Co-Exposure to Redox Modulating Chemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051065. [PMID: 30823661 PMCID: PMC6429282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The developing cardiovascular system of zebrafish is a sensitive target for many environmental pollutants, including dioxin-like compounds and pesticides. Some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can compromise the cardiovascular endothelial function by activating oxidative stress-sensitive signaling pathways. Therefore, we exposed zebrafish embryos to PCB126 or to several redox-modulating chemicals to study their ability to modulate the dysmorphogenesis produced by PCB126. PCB126 produced a concentration-dependent induction of pericardial edema and circulatory failure, and a concentration-dependent reduction of cardiac output and body length at 80 hours post fertilization (hpf). Among several modulators tested, the effects of PCB126 could be both positively and negatively modulated by different compounds; co-treatment with α-tocopherol (vitamin E liposoluble) prevented the adverse effects of PCB126 in pericardial edema, whereas co-treatment with sodium nitroprusside (a vasodilator compound) significantly worsened PCB126 effects. Gene expression analysis showed an up-regulation of cyp1a, hsp70, and gstp1, indicative of PCB126 interaction with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), while the transcription of antioxidant genes (sod1, sod2; cat and gpx1a) was not affected. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of oxidative stress in the developmental toxicity of low concentrations of PCB126 (25 nM). Our results give insights into the use of zebrafish embryos for exploring mechanisms underlying the oxidative potential of environmental pollutants.
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Sá C, Pestana D, Calhau C, Faria A. Unravelling the Effect of p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in Hypertension of Wistar Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12847-12854. [PMID: 30415545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease with limited knowledge of the involved mechanisms. p,p'-DDE ( p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) is a pollutant commonly found in tissues that interferes with endocrine signaling. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanism of hypertension triggered by p,p'-DDE exposure in the presence or absence of a HF (high-fat) diet in rats. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was evaluated by qPCR in liver and adipose tissue (AT), and a transcriptome analysis comparing visceral AT of HF diet and HF/DDE groups was performed. HF diet influenced RAS, but the p,p'-DDE effect was more evident in liver than in AT (interaction between the diet and p,p'-DDE treatment affected aldosterone receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 expression in liver, p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA). p,p'-DDE induced a decrease in the expression of genes involved in the retinoid acid biosynthesis pathway (Crabp1; -2.07-fold; p = 0.018), eNOS activation (Nos1; -1.64-fold; p = 0.012), and regulation and urea cycle (Ass1; -2.07-fold; p = 0.02). This study suggested that p,p'-DDE may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, not exclusively in RAS but also by induction of hyperuricemia and increased oxidative stress, which may lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Sá
- CINTESIS , Center for Health Technology and Services Research , Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro , 4200-369 Porto , Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Porto , Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro , 4200-369 Porto , Portugal
| | - Diogo Pestana
- CINTESIS , Center for Health Technology and Services Research , Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro , 4200-369 Porto , Portugal
- Nutrition & Metabolism , NOVA Medical School - FCM Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130 1169-056 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- CINTESIS , Center for Health Technology and Services Research , Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro , 4200-369 Porto , Portugal
- Nutrition & Metabolism , NOVA Medical School - FCM Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130 1169-056 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Ana Faria
- CINTESIS , Center for Health Technology and Services Research , Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro , 4200-369 Porto , Portugal
- Nutrition & Metabolism , NOVA Medical School - FCM Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130 1169-056 Lisboa , Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre NOVA Medical School - FCM Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130 1169-056 Lisboa , Portugal
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17
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Donat-Vargas C, Åkesson A, Tornevi A, Wennberg M, Sommar J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Bergdahl IA. Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Plasma, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension in a Longitudinal Study. Hypertension 2018; 71:1258-1268. [PMID: 29712742 PMCID: PMC5959216 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) have shown to be involved in the atherosclerotic process and to cause endothelial cell dysfunction. To assess longitudinally whether plasma concentrations of different POPs were associated with blood pressure and risk of hypertension in middle-aged women and men. Study subjects were 850 participants in the VIP (Västerbotten Intervention Programme) with 2 blood samples and blood pressure measurements, 10 years apart, during 1990 to 2003 (baseline) and during 2000 to 2013 (follow-up). Dioxin-like and nondioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs, NDL-PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were measured. Associations were assessed using generalized estimating equations. At baseline sampling 49% and at follow-up 64% had hypertension. DL-PCBs and DDE, but not NDL-PCBs or hexachlorobenzene, were associated with hypertension. Only the association for DL-PCBs remained statistically significant after lipid-standardization and adjustment for body mass index and total serum lipids. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of hypertension based on repeated measurements were 1.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.13) for DL-PCBs (third versus first tertile of lipid-standardized POPs). In stratified adjusted analyses, odds ratio for those born after 1950 increased to 3.99 (95% confidence interval, 2.15-7.43), whereas no association was observed among those born earlier. Based on repeated measurements, the accumulated exposure to DL-PCBs and DDE, although less clear for the latter, may disrupt the normal blood pressure levels and increase the odds of hypertension. Moreover, individuals experiencing early-life POP exposure may be at elevated risk of vascular POP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Andreas Tornevi
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | | | - Johan Sommar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
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Long Y, Huang C, Wu J, Cheng JN, Liang GN, Jiang CX, Wan Q. 2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl impairs insulin-induced NO production partly through excessive ROS production in endothelial cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:592-597. [PMID: 28592194 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1337259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported to be associated with increased risk to hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, etc. 2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl, known as PCB-118, is a member of coplanar PCBs which renders their structure similar to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and has dioxin-like activity. In our current study, we investigated the effect of PCB-118 exposure on nitric oxide (NO) production and the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Exposure of PCB-118 impaired insulin-induced NO production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with no significant effect on cell viability. Furthermore, PCB-118 treatment induced oxidative stress. In addition, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 10 μM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) partly rescued impaired insulin-induced eNOS activities and NO productions induced by PCB-118 in HUVECs. Taken together, these results indicate that PCB-118 mediates lower eNOS activity and impairs insulin-induced NO production partly through excessive ROS production in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Long
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Can Huang
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Jin-Nan Cheng
- c Department of Dermatology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Guan-Nan Liang
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Qin Wan
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
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Henríquez-Hernández LA, Luzardo OP, Zumbado M, Serra-Majem L, Valerón PF, Camacho M, Álvarez-Pérez J, Salas-Salvadó J, Boada LD. Determinants of increasing serum POPs in a population at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Results from the PREDIMED-CANARIAS study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:477-484. [PMID: 28415042 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Octavio P Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain; Preventive Medicine Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pilar F Valerón
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Camacho
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jacqueline Álvarez-Pérez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain; Preventive Medicine Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Luis D Boada
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain
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Wojciechowska A, Mlynarczuk J, Kotwica J. Disorders in barrier protein mRNA expression and placenta secretory activity under the influence of polychlorinated biphenyls in vitro. Theriogenology 2017; 89:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Park SH, Lim JE, Park H, Jee SH. Body burden of persistent organic pollutants on hypertension: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14284-93. [PMID: 27055888 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Except the known risk factors for hypertension, several studies have suggested that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), endocrine disrupting chemicals, could be associated with an increased risk of hypertension. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to summarize the existing epidemiological studies to investigate the association between POPs concentration and risk of hypertension. Based on comprehensive literature search results (PubMed, EMBASE, and KoreaMed), a meta-analysis of 11 articles was performed using a random-effects model. While we observed no significant association between the sum of non-dioxin-like PCBs and the risk of hypertension (OR = 1.00; 95 % CI 0.89, 1.12), the sum of dioxin-like PCBs was associated with a significantly increased risk of hypertension (OR = 1.45; 95 % CI 1.00, 2.12). High p,p'-DDE level was also significantly associated with the increased risk of hypertension. When subgroup analyses were carried out for studies which analyzed POPs concentrations using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, the overall pooled estimate ORs increased with decreased heterogeneity, providing it as a possible heterogeneity source (OR = 1.36; 95 % CI 1.21, 1.52; I (2) = 42.8 %; p = 0.045). This study suggested that the concentration of certain POPs, especially dioxin-related compounds, was associated with the risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Lim
- Institute for Health Promotion & Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Institute for Health Promotion & Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Hexachlorobenzene promotes angiogenesis in vivo, in a breast cancer model and neovasculogenesis in vitro, in the human microvascular endothelial cell line HMEC-1. Toxicol Lett 2015; 239:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Bonde JP, Martín-Rodriguez JL, Expósito J, Rubio-Domínguez A, Olea N. Historical exposure to persistent organic pollutants and risk of incident hypertension. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 138:217-23. [PMID: 25725302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of adipose tissue concentrations of a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the risk of hypertension in an adult cohort of residents of Granada (Southern Spain) over a 10-year follow-up. No chemical was significantly associated with the risk of hypertension in the overall population or when models were stratified by sex or median age. However, we found positive associations between log-transformed POP concentrations and hypertension risk in participants with body mass index (BMI) above the median value of 26.3kg/m(2), which were statistically significant for hexachlorobenzene (HR=1.26, 95% CI=1.03-1.56), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HR=1.25, 95% CI=1.03-1.51), and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners -138 (HR=1.32, 95% CI=1.04-1.69) and -153 (HR=1.36, 95% CI=1.00-1.84). Inverse associations were observed in the subgroup with BMI≤26.3kg/m(2), but none was statistically significant. More research and a longer follow-up period are warranted to verify these associations and elucidate the role of obesity as a potential effect modifier. Given the elevated worldwide frequency of POP exposure and hypertension, the public health impact of this relationship may be substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - José Expósito
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Rubio-Domínguez
- Gran Capitán Center for Primary Care, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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Donat-Vargas C, Gea A, Sayon-Orea C, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Bes-Rastrollo M. Association Between Dietary Intake of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Incidence of Hypertension in a Spanish Cohort. Hypertension 2015; 65:714-21. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
| | - Alfredo Gea
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
| | - Carmen Sayon-Orea
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
| | - Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
| | - Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.D.-V., A.G., C.S.-O., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.); and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (A.G., C.d.l.F.-A., M.A.M.-G., M.B.-R.)
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Henríquez-Hernández LA, Luzardo OP, Zumbado M, Camacho M, Serra-Majem L, Álvarez-León EE, Boada LD. Blood pressure in relation to contamination by polychlorobiphenyls and organochlorine pesticides: Results from a population-based study in the Canary Islands (Spain). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 135:48-54. [PMID: 25262074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have reported significant associations between exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and increased blood pressure (BP). Environmental exposure to POPs, mainly organochlorine pesticides, is of concern to the population of the Canary Islands, who display a high prevalence of diseases associated with hypertension such as metabolic syndrome, obesity and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE We performed this population-based study in a representative population sample from this archipelago to evaluate whether serum levels of selected POPs could be considered as hypertension risk factors. METHODS BP and several other well-known factors related to hypertension (gender, age, smoking, BMI, and total lipids) were recorded in 428 adult participants from the Canary Islands Nutritional Survey. In total, 28 POPs (including 18 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and 10 organochlorine pesticides and metabolites) were measured in the serum of the population enrolled in this survey. RESULTS In total, 167 subjects (39%) demonstrated hypertension or used antihypertensive medication. We observed a positive association between systolic and diastolic BP and p,p'-DDE (r=0.222; p<0.001, and r=0.123; p=0.015, respectively). Conversely, an inverse association between systolic BP and aldrin was observed (r=-0.120; p=0.017). After adjusting for known confounders, only aldrin was inversely related to hypertension risk [OR: 0.28 (95% CI: 0.09-0.92); p=0.037]. After excluding subjects undergoing anti-hypertensive treatment, we also observed that aldrin was inversely associated with systolic BP in multivariate analyses, especially in men [OR: 0.126 (95% CI: 0.021-0.763); p=0.024]. CONCLUSION Although it has been postulated that background POPs exposure may play a relevant role on elevated BP, we did not observed increased hypertension risk in relation to serum POPs in this cross-sectional study. Conversely, the cyclodiene pesticide aldrin was negatively associated with hypertension, suggesting that cyclodienes could exert an effect opposite of the DDT metabolites. These findings agree with other previous works indicating that POPs may induce divergent actions on BP and suggest that the direction of the association between BP and POPs could be dependent on the chemical structure as well as concentration of the evaluated POP. Prospective studies are needed to clarify the effect exerted by POPs on BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Octavio P Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Camacho
- Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Preventive Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in the Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eva E Álvarez-León
- Preventive Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in the Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Preventive Medicine Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil, Canary Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luis D Boada
- Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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26
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Koizumi M, Tatebe J, Watanabe I, Yamazaki J, Ikeda T, Morita T. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates indoxyl sulfate-induced cellular senescence in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 21:904-16. [PMID: 24727683 DOI: 10.5551/jat.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Vascular senescence, which is accelerated in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributes to the development of cardio-renal syndrome, and various uremic toxins may play important roles in the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We recently reported that indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin, directly activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and generates oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase-4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In the current study, we sought to examine whether IS regulates sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and affects endothelial senescence via AhR activation. METHODS HUVECs were incubated with 500 μmol/L of IS for the indicated time periods. In order to evaluate changes in the senescence of the HUVECs, the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA β-gal)-positive cells was determined using an image analysis software program. The intracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (iNampt) activity, cellular NAD(+)/NADPH ratio and Sirt1 activity were analyzed according to a colorimetric assay to determine the mechanism of cellular senescence. Furthermore, we evaluated the involvement of AhR in the senescence-related changes induced by IS using AhR antagonists. RESULTS IS decreased the iNampt activity, NAD(+)/NADPH ratio and Sirt1 activity, resulting in an increase in the percentage of SA β-gal-positive cells. On the other hand, the AhR antagonists restored the IS-induced decrease in the NAD(+) content in association with an improvement in the iNampt activity and ameliorated the senescence-related changes. Taken together, these results indicate that IS impairs the iNampt-NAD(+)-Sirt1 system via AhR activation, which in turn promotes endothelial senescence. CONCLUSIONS The IS-AhR pathway induces endothelial senescence. Therefore, blocking the effects of AhR in the endothelium may provide a new therapeutic tool for treating cardio-renal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Koizumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
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27
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Sallée M, Dou L, Cerini C, Poitevin S, Brunet P, Burtey S. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-activating effect of uremic toxins from tryptophan metabolism: a new concept to understand cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease. Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:934-49. [PMID: 24599232 PMCID: PMC3968369 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6030934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and suffer from accelerated atherosclerosis. CKD patients are permanently exposed to uremic toxins, making them good candidates as pathogenic agents. We focus here on uremic toxins from tryptophan metabolism because of their potential involvement in cardiovascular toxicity: indolic uremic toxins (indoxyl sulfate, indole-3 acetic acid, and indoxyl-β-d-glucuronide) and uremic toxins from the kynurenine pathway (kynurenine, kynurenic acid, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and quinolinic acid). Uremic toxins derived from tryptophan are endogenous ligands of the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). AhR, also known as the dioxin receptor, interacts with various regulatory and signaling proteins, including protein kinases and phosphatases, and Nuclear Factor-Kappa-B. AhR activation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and some polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease in humans and in mice. In addition, this AhR activation mediates cardiotoxicity, vascular inflammation, and a procoagulant and prooxidant phenotype of vascular cells. Uremic toxins derived from tryptophan have prooxidant, proinflammatory, procoagulant, and pro-apoptotic effects on cells involved in the cardiovascular system, and some of them are related with cardiovascular complications in CKD. We discuss here how the cardiovascular effects of these uremic toxins could be mediated by AhR activation, in a “dioxin-like” effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Sallée
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
| | - Laetitia Dou
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
| | - Claire Cerini
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
| | - Stéphane Poitevin
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
| | - Philippe Brunet
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
| | - Stéphane Burtey
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille13005, France.
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van Ede KI, Gaisch KPJ, van den Berg M, van Duursen MBM. Differential relative effect potencies of some dioxin-like compounds in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and murine splenic cells. Toxicol Lett 2014; 226:43-52. [PMID: 24472611 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human risk assessment for dioxin-like compounds is typically based on the concentration measured in blood serum multiplied by their assigned toxic equivalency factor (TEF). Consequently, the actual value of the TEF is very important for accurate human risk assessment. In this study we investigated the effect potencies of three polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), six polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 10 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) relative to the reference congener 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in in vitro exposed primary human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and mouse splenic cells. REPs were determined based on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, 1B1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AhRR) gene expression as well as CYP1A1 activity in human PBLs and Cyp1a1 gene expression in murine splenic cells. Estimated median human REPs for 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1234678-HpCDD), 2,3,4,7,8,-pentachlorodibenzofuran (23478-PeCDF), 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (123478-HxCDF) and 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorodibenzofuran (1234789-HpCDF) were with 0.1, 1.1, 1 and 0.09, respectively, significantly higher compared to those estimated for mouse with REPs of 0.05, 0.45, 0.09 and 0.04, respectively. Opposite to these results, the estimated median human REP of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), was with 0.001 30-fold lower compared to the mouse REP of 0.03. Furthermore, human REPs for 1234678-HpCDD, 23478-PeCDF, 123478-HxCDF, 1234789-HpCDF and PCB 126 were all outside the ± half log uncertainty range that is taken into account in the WHO-assigned TEFs. Together, these data show congener- and species-specific differences in REPs for some, but not all dioxin-like congeners tested. This suggests that, more emphasis should be placed on human-tissue derived REPs in the establishment of a TEF for human risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin I van Ede
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Konrad P J Gaisch
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin van den Berg
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Majorie B M van Duursen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Valera B, Ayotte P, Poirier P, Dewailly E. Associations between plasma persistent organic pollutant levels and blood pressure in Inuit adults from Nunavik. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 59:282-289. [PMID: 23872387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) increases the risk of hypertension in environmentally exposed populations. High POP levels have been detected in Arctic populations and the exposure is related to high consumption of fish and marine mammals, which represent the traditional diet of these populations. OBJECTIVE We examined the associations between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine (OC) pesticides and hypertension among Inuit from Nunavik (Quebec, Canada). METHODS A complete set of data was obtained for 315 Inuit≥18years who participated in the "Santé Québec" health survey that was conducted in the 14 villages of Nunavik in 1992. Fourteen polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 8 OC pesticides or their metabolites were measured in plasma samples using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a standardized protocol and information regarding anti-hypertensive medication was obtained through questionnaires. The associations between log-transformed POPs and hypertension (systolic BP≥140mmHg, diastolic BP≥90mmHg or anti-hypertensive medication) were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS Total PCBs as well as the sum of non-dioxin-like PCBs were significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension. Furthermore, the risk of hypertension increased with higher plasma concentrations of congeners 101, 105, 138 and 187. Models adjusted for BP risk factors became significant after including n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and further adjustment for lead and mercury did not change the results. Regarding OC pesticides, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) was associated with increased risk of hypertension while inverse associations were observed with p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p'-DDT), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and oxychlordane. CONCLUSIONS Some PCB congeners were associated with higher risk of hypertension in this highly exposed population. Most associations became significant after including n-3 PUFAs in the models. However, the analyses of OC pesticides revealed divergent results, which need to be confirmed in further cohort and experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Valera
- Axe santé publique et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Canada.
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Valera B, Jørgensen ME, Jeppesen C, Bjerregaard P. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and risk of hypertension among Inuit from Greenland. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 122:65-73. [PMID: 23375553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is of concern in Arctic populations since these contaminants accumulate in fish and marine mammals, which is an important part of the traditional diet of these populations. Epidemiological and experimental studies have reported significant associations between POPs and increased blood pressure (BP) in populations with different degrees of exposure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the risk of hypertension related to increasing levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides. METHODS Fifteen PCBs and 11 OC pesticides or their metabolites were determined in plasma of 1614 Inuit adults ≥ 18 years living in 9 towns and 13 villages in Greenland. BP was measured using a standardized protocol. The risk of hypertension was estimated through logistic regression using POPs as continuous variables (log-transformed). Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg and/or antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS Overall, the odd ratios (ORs) of hypertension were not statistically significant for dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs and OC pesticides after adjusting for confounders. Once the analyses were stratified by age category (18-39 and ≥ 40 years), increased risk of hypertension was observed for total dioxin-like PCBs among the youngest [OR: 1.34 (95% CI: 1.03-1.74)] while a borderline protective effect was observed for total non-dioxin-like PCBs [OR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.99)] among the oldest. Higher risk of hypertension was also associated with increasing p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) concentrations among the youngest [OR: 1.42 (95% CI: 1.08-1.85)]. CONCLUSION Overall, no significant associations were observed between PCBs, OC pesticides and blood pressure in this highly exposed population although the associations differed by age category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Valera
- National Institute of Public health, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Park MH, Park WS, Jo SH. Acute alteration of cardiac ECG, action potential, I(Kr) and the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) K+ channel by PCB 126 and PCB 77. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 262:60-9. [PMID: 22676973 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been known as serious persistent organic pollutants (POPs), causing developmental delays and motor dysfunction. We have investigated the effects of two PCB congeners, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) on ECG, action potential, and the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (I(Kr)) of guinea pigs' hearts, and hERG K+ current expressed in Xenopus oocytes. PCB 126 shortened the corrected QT interval (QTc) of ECG and decreased the action potential duration at 90% (APD(90)), and 50% of repolarization (APD₅₀) (P<0.05) without changing the action potential duration at 20% (APD₂₀). PCB 77 decreased APD₂₀ (P<0.05) without affecting QTc, APD₉₀, and APD₅₀. The PCB 126 increased the I(Kr) in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes held at 36°C and hERG K+ current amplitude at the end of the voltage steps in voltage-dependent mode (P<0.05); however, PCB 77 did not change the hERG K+ current amplitude. The PCB 77 increased the diastolic Ca²⁺ and decreased Ca²⁺ transient amplitude (P<0.05), however PCB 126 did not change. The results suggest that PCB 126 shortened the QTc and decreased the APD₉₀ possibly by increasing I(Kr), while PCB 77 decreased the APD₂₀ possibly by other modulation related with intracellular Ca²⁺. The present data indicate that the environmental toxicants, PCBs, can acutely affect cardiac electrophysiology including ECG, action potential, intracellular Ca²⁺, and channel activity, resulting in toxic effects on the cardiac function in view of the possible accumulation of the PCBs in human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyeong Park
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Proangiogenic effects of environmentally relevant levels of bisphenol A in human primary endothelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:465-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Jacob A, Hartz AM, Potin S, Coumoul X, Yousif S, Scherrmann JM, Bauer B, Declèves X. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent upregulation of Cyp1b1 by TCDD and diesel exhaust particles in rat brain microvessels. Fluids Barriers CNS 2011; 8:23. [PMID: 21867498 PMCID: PMC3180256 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-8-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background AhR activates the transcription of several target genes including CYP1B1. Recently, we showed CYP1B1 as the major cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme expressed in human brain microvessels. Here, we studied the effect of AhR activation by environmental pollutants on the expression of Cyp1b1 in rat brain microvessels. Methods Expression of AhR and Cyp1b1 was detected in isolated rat brain microvessels. AhR was immunovisualised in brain microvessel endothelial cells. The effect of AhR ligands on Cyp1b1 expression was studied using isolated brain microvessels after ex vivo and/or in vivo exposure to TCDD, heavy hydrocarbons containing diesel exhaust particles (DEP) or Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Results After ex vivo exposure to TCDD (a highly potent AhR ligand) for 3 h, Cyp1b1 expression was significantly increased by 2.3-fold in brain microvessels. A single i.p. dose of TCDD also increased Cyp1b1 transcripts (22-fold) and Cyp1b1 protein (2-fold) in rat brain microvessels at 72 h after TCDD. Likewise, DEP treatment (in vivo and ex vivo) strongly induced Cyp1b1 protein in brain microvessels. DEP-mediated Cyp1b1 induction was inhibited by actinomycin D, cycloheximide, or by an AhR antagonist. In contrast, a sub-chronic in vivo treatment with Δ9-THC once daily for 7 seven days had no effect on Cyp1b1 expression Conclusions Our results show that TCDD and DEP strongly induced Cyp1b1 in rat brain microvessels, likely through AhR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Jacob
- Neuropsychopharmacologie des addictions (CNRS UMR 8206), Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France.
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