1
|
Ziqubu K, Dludla PV, Mthembu SX, Nkambule B, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE. Low circulating levels of neuregulin 4 as a potential biomarker associated with the severity and prognosis of obesity-related metabolic diseases: a systematic review. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2390833. [PMID: 39162358 PMCID: PMC11340757 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2390833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is a brown adipose tissue-derived adipokine that greatly affects systemic metabolism and improves metabolic derangements. Although abnormal circulating levels of Nrg4 are common in obesity, it remains elusive whether low or elevated levels of this batokine are associated with the onset of metabolic diseases. AIM To assess Nrg4 levels and its role as a feasible biomarker to predict the severity of obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS A search for relevant studies was performed systematically using prominent search engines, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase, by following PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Ample clinical evidence reported low serum/plasma levels of Nrg4 in obesity and these were inversely proportional to the indices of metabolic syndrome, including body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and homoeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance as well as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Low circulating Nrg4 levels may aid in the prediction of morbid obesity, and subsequent GDM, T2DM, NAFLD, and CVD. CONCLUSION Current clinical evidence emphasizes that the circulating levels of Nrg4 are decreased in morbid obesity, and it also highlights that Nrg4 May serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for obesity-related metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | | | - Bongani Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tong H, Capuano AW, Carmichael OT, Gwizdala KL, Bennett DA, Ahima RS, Arnold SE, Arvanitakis Z. Brain Insulin Signaling is Associated with Late-Life Cognitive Decline. Aging Dis 2024; 15:2205-2215. [PMID: 38029396 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of dementia, and the underlying mechanism might involve abnormal insulin signaling in the brain. The objective of this study was to examine the association of postmortem brain insulin signaling with late-life cognitive decline. Among participants of Religious Orders Study, a community-based clinical-pathological cohort, 150 deceased and autopsied older individuals (75 with diabetes matched to 75 without by age at death, sex, and education) had postmortem brain insulin signaling measurements collected in the prefrontal cortex using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. By using adjusted linear mixed-effects models, we examined the association of postmortem brain insulin signaling with late-life cognitive function assessed longitudinally (mean follow-up duration = 9.4 years) using a battery of neuropsychological tests. We found that a higher level of serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) phosphorylation (pT308AKT1/total AKT1) was associated with a faster decline in global cognition (estimate = -0.023, p = 0.030), and three domains: episodic memory (estimate = -0.024, p = 0.032), working memory (estimate = -0.018, p = 0.012), and visuospatial abilities (estimate = -0.013, p = 0.027). The level of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) phosphorylation (pS307IRS1/total IRS1) was not associated with decline in global cognition or most cognitive domains, except for perceptual speed (estimate = 0.020, p = 0.020). The density of pS616IRS1-stained cells was not associated with decline in global cognition or any of the domains. In conclusion, these findings provide novel evidence for an association between brain insulin signaling and late-life cognitive decline. AKT phosphorylation is associated with a decline in global cognition and memory in particular, whereas IRS1 phosphorylation is associated with a decline in perceptual speed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Tong
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana W Capuano
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Alzheimer's Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoe Arvanitakis
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kapogiannis D, Manolopoulos A, Mullins R, Avgerinos K, Delgado-Peraza F, Mustapic M, Nogueras-Ortiz C, Yao PJ, Pucha KA, Brooks J, Chen Q, Haas SS, Ge R, Hartnell LM, Cookson MR, Egan JM, Frangou S, Mattson MP. Brain responses to intermittent fasting and the healthy living diet in older adults. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1668-1678.e5. [PMID: 38901423 PMCID: PMC11305918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Diet may promote brain health in metabolically impaired older individuals. In an 8-week randomized clinical trial involving 40 cognitively intact older adults with insulin resistance, we examined the effects of 5:2 intermittent fasting and the healthy living diet on brain health. Although intermittent fasting induced greater weight loss, the two diets had comparable effects in improving insulin signaling biomarkers in neuron-derived extracellular vesicles, decreasing the brain-age-gap estimate (reflecting the pace of biological aging of the brain) on magnetic resonance imaging, reducing brain glucose on magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and improving blood biomarkers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, with minimal changes in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Intermittent fasting and healthy living improved executive function and memory, with intermittent fasting benefiting more certain cognitive measures. In exploratory analyses, sex, body mass index, and apolipoprotein E and SLC16A7 genotypes modulated diet effects. The study provides a blueprint for assessing brain effects of dietary interventions and motivates further research on intermittent fasting and continuous diets for brain health optimization. For further information, please see ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02460783.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Apostolos Manolopoulos
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roger Mullins
- Morgan State University, Core Lab, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maja Mustapic
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pamela J Yao
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krishna A Pucha
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janet Brooks
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shalaila S Haas
- Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruiyang Ge
- Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa M Hartnell
- Intramural Research Program, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA; Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wong A, Sun Q, Latif II, Karwi QG. Metabolic flux in macrophages in obesity and type-2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:13210. [PMID: 38988822 PMCID: PMC11233469 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent literature extensively investigates the crucial role of energy metabolism in determining the inflammatory response and polarization status of macrophages. This rapidly expanding area of research highlights the importance of understanding the link between energy metabolism and macrophage function. The metabolic pathways in macrophages are intricate and interdependent, and they can affect the polarization of macrophages. Previous studies suggested that glucose flux through cytosolic glycolysis is necessary to trigger pro-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages, and fatty acid oxidation is crucial to support anti-inflammatory responses. However, recent studies demonstrated that this understanding is oversimplified and that the metabolic control of macrophage polarization is highly complex and not fully understood yet. How the metabolic flux through different metabolic pathways (glycolysis, glucose oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, ketone oxidation, and amino acid oxidation) is altered by obesity- and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated insulin resistance is also not fully defined. This mini-review focuses on the impact of insulin resistance in obesity and T2D on the metabolic flux through the main metabolic pathways in macrophages, which might be linked to changes in their inflammatory responses. We closely evaluated the experimental studies and methodologies used in the published research and highlighted priority research areas for future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Qiuyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ismail Ibrahim Latif
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubaa, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Saint John's, NL, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aktas G, Duman TT, Atak Tel B. Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a novel marker of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic microvascular complications. Postgrad Med 2024; 136:496-503. [PMID: 38921178 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2024.2373684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its microvascular complications are characterized by chronic inflammation. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a tool used to assess nutritional status and is often associated indirectly with inflammatory processes. We aimed to compare the CONUT scores of T2DM patients with those of healthy volunteers and to compare T2DM patients with and without microvascular complications. METHODS Patients diagnosed with T2DM and healthy volunteers (as controls) were included in the study. The CONUT score is calculated using the following formula: serum albumin score + total cholesterol score + total lymphocyte count score. CONUT scores of T2DM patients and healthy controls, as well as those of diabetics with and without microvascular complications, were compared. RESULTS The CONUT scores of the T2DM and control groups were (1 [0-7]) and (0 [0-2]), respectively (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the CONUT score (<1.5 threshold) in detecting T2DM were 43% and 90%, respectively (AUC: 0.67, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.64-0.71). Moreover, the CONUT score was an independent risk factor for T2DM (OR: 0.34, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.22-0.52). The CONUT score of T2DM patients with microvascular complications (2 [0-7]) was significantly higher than that of T2DM patients without microvascular complications (0 [0-4]) and control subjects (0 [0-2]) (p < 0.001). A CONUT score higher than 1.5 had 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity in detecting T2DM with microvascular complications (AUC: 0.91, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.89-0.93). CONCLUSION The CONUT score could be useful in detecting diabetic microvascular complications in clinical practice, as it is an inexpensive and easy-to-assess marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulali Aktas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
| | | | - Burcin Atak Tel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neppala S, Chigurupati HD, Mopuru NN, Alle NR, James A, Bhalodia A, Shaik S, Bandaru RR, Nanjundappa A, Sunkara P, Gummadi J, Desai R. Impact Of body Mass Index on Cardiopulmonary Outcomes of COVID-19 Hospitalizations Complicated by Severe Sepsis. OBESITY PILLARS 2024; 10:100101. [PMID: 38435542 PMCID: PMC10905037 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Body Mass Index (BMI) has a significant impact on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patient outcomes; however, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular outcomes in patients with severe sepsis have been poorly understood. Our study aims to explore and provide insight into its association. Methods This is an observational study looking at the impact of BMI on COVID-19-severe sepsis hospitalizations. The primary outcomes are adjusted odds of all-cause in-hospital mortality, respiratory failure, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), which include acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and acute ischemic stroke. The secondary outcome was healthcare resource utilization. Coexisting comorbidities and patient features were adjusted with multivariable regression analyses. Results Of 51,740 patients with severe COVID-19-sepsis admissions, 11.4% were overweight, 24.8% had Class I obesity (BMI 30-34.9), 19.8% had Class II obesity (BMI 35-39.9), and 43.9% had the categorization of Class III obesity (BMI >40) cohorts with age>18 years. The odds of MACCE in patients with class II obesity and class III obesity (OR 1.09 and 1.54; 95CI 0.93-1.29 and 1.33-1.79) were significantly higher than in overweight (p < 0.001). Class I, Class II, and Class III patients with obesity revealed lower odds of respiratory failure compared to overweight (OR 0.89, 0.82, and 0.82; 95CI 0.75-1.05, 0.69-0.97, and 0.70-0.97), but failed to achieve statistical significance (p = 0.079). On multivariable regression analysis, all-cause in-hospital mortality revealed significantly higher odds in patients with Class III obesity, Class II, and Class I (OR 1.56, 1.17, and 1.06; 95CI 1.34-1.81, 0.99-1.38, and 0.91-1.24) vs. overweight patients (p < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with Class II and Class III obesity had significantly higher odds of MACCE and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19-severe sepsis admissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Himaja Dutt Chigurupati
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College at Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Nikhilender Nag Mopuru
- Department of Medicine, Kamineni Academy of medical sciences and research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Alpha James
- Department of Medicine, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivitsi, Ukraine
| | - Ami Bhalodia
- Department of Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Medical College, Gujrat, India
| | - Sajida Shaik
- Department of Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Praveena Sunkara
- Department of Medicine, Medstar Medical group, Charlotte Hall, MD, USA
| | - Jyotsna Gummadi
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rupak Desai
- Independent Outcomes Researcher, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aashish M, Arindam N, Siddiqi SS, Bhosle D, Mallikarjuna VJ, Amol D, Sanket S, Omkar G, Parth P, Dhruvi H, Durga P, Pradeep D, Suresh K, Vaishali P, Mayura C, Indraneel B, Jayashri S, Arif F, Raghavendra SK, Deepak V, Ravindra T, Shaishav B, Vijay G, Khan K, Mahajani VV, Sharma AD, Mayabhate M, Pawar RR, Aiwale AS, Vinayaka S. Efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination of Sitagliptin, metformin, and pioglitazone in type 2 Diabetes (IMPACT study): a randomized controlled trial. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38336931 PMCID: PMC10858534 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-023-00161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the progressive decline in β-cell function, it is often necessary to utilize multiple agents with complementary mechanisms of action to address various facets and achieve glycemic control. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of metformin/sitagliptin/pioglitazone (MSP) therapy vs. metformin/sitagliptin (MS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS In this phase 3, multicenter, double-blind study, patients with T2DM who exhibited inadequate glycemic control with HbA1c of 8.0-11.0% while taking ≥1500 mg/day metformin for at least 6 weeks were randomized to receive either FDC of MSP (1000/100/15 mg) or MS (1000/100 mg) per day for 24 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the change in HbA1c, and secondary outcomes included changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and body weight from baseline to 24 weeks along with safety and tolerability. RESULTS Among the 236 patients randomized, 207 (87.71%) successfully completed the study. All baseline characteristics were comparable between the FDC of MSP and MS groups. There was a subsequent significant reduction of HbA1c in FDC of MSP (- 1.64) vs. MS (- 1.32); between groups was [- 0.32% (95% CI, - 0.59, - 0.05)], P = 0.0208. Similar reductions were found in FPG [- 13.2 mg/dL (95% CI, - 22.86, - 3.71)], P = 0.0068, and PPG [- 20.83 mg/dL (95% CI, - 34.11, - 7.55)], P = 0.0023. There were no significant changes in body weight. A total of 27 adverse effects (AEs) and one severe AE were reported, none of which were related to the study drug. CONCLUSION The FDC of MSP demonstrated significant efficacy in managing glycemic indices and could serve as a valuable tool for physicians in the management of Indian patients with T2DM. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry of India, CTRI/2021/10/037461.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naskar Arindam
- School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Sheelu Shafiq Siddiqi
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Bhosle
- Devgiri Diabetes Centre, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Dange Amol
- Lifepoint Multispeciality Hospital, Wakad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Gavali Omkar
- Lokamanya Multispeciality Hospital, Nashik, India
| | - Patel Parth
- Shushrusha Navneet Memorial Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Hasnani Dhruvi
- Rudraksha Institute of medical Sciences, Ahmebabad, India
| | | | | | - Kumar Suresh
- Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | | | - Basu Indraneel
- Shubham Subhawana Superspeciality Hospital, Varanasi, India
| | | | | | | | - Varade Deepak
- BAJRR Hospital and Research Centre, Dombivli, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | - Kamran Khan
- Nidan Kutir Diabetes, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - A D Sharma
- Medical Affairs Department, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai, 400013, India
| | - Mayur Mayabhate
- Medical Affairs Department, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai, 400013, India.
| | - R R Pawar
- Medical Affairs Department, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai, 400013, India
| | - A S Aiwale
- Medical Affairs Department, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai, 400013, India
| | - Shahavi Vinayaka
- Medical Affairs Department, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai, 400013, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mittal R, McKenna K, Keith G, Lemos JRN, Mittal J, Hirani K. A systematic review of the association of Type I diabetes with sensorineural hearing loss. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298457. [PMID: 38335215 PMCID: PMC10857576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been associated with several comorbidities such as ocular, renal, and cardiovascular complications. However, the effect of T1D on the auditory system and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is still not clear. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate whether T1D is associated with hearing impairment. METHODS The databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Three reviewers independently screened, selected, and extracted data. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools for Analytical cross-sectional and case-control studies were used to perform quality assessment and risk of bias analysis on eligible studies. RESULTS After screening a total of 463 studies, 11 eligible original articles were included in the review to analyze the effects of T1D on the auditory system. The included studies comprised cross-sectional and case-control investigations. A total of 5,792 patients were evaluated across the 11 articles included. The majority of the studies showed that T1D was associated with hearing impairment compared to controls, including differences in PTAs and OAEs, increased mean hearing thresholds, altered acoustic reflex thresholds, and problems with the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex inhibitory effect. Significant risk factors included older age, increased disease duration, and higher HbA1C levels. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that there is a correlation between T1D and impairment on the auditory system. A multidisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists, otolaryngologists, and audiologists will lead to early detection of hearing impairment in people with T1D resulting in early intervention and better clinical outcomes in pursuit of improving the quality of life of affected individuals. REGISTRATION This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023438576).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mittal
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Keelin McKenna
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Grant Keith
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joana R. N. Lemos
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Khemraj Hirani
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Corriero A, Giglio M, Inchingolo F, Moschetta A, Varrassi G, Puntillo F. Gut Microbiota Modulation and Its Implications on Neuropathic Pain: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Pain Ther 2024; 13:33-51. [PMID: 38087070 PMCID: PMC10796891 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-023-00565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pain disorder arising from somatosensory nervous system impairment. Extensive evidence supports the notion that the gut microbiota (GM) is crucial in maintaining human health by performing vital tasks. At the same time, its disruption has been linked to the emergence and advancement of an expanding range of disorders, including NP, in which GM could play a role in its pathophysiology. The crosstalk between the nervous system and GM happens through immune mediators, metabolites, and nervous structures and involves both central and peripheral nervous systems. This literature review aims to thoroughly investigate the function of modulating GM in the treatment of NP. It will achieve this by integrating existing knowledge, identifying underlying mechanisms, and evaluating the possible clinical consequences of exploiting the gut-brain axis. We will cover the main therapeutic applications of the described GM-modulators, such as probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation, dietary supplements and emotional support, to the main kinds of NP in which any evidence, even if only pre-clinical, has been unravelled in recent years. The explored NP areas include chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, trauma-induced neuropathic pain, trigeminal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia and low back pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Corriero
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine - ICU Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Giglio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine - ICU Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine - Dental Medicine Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Filomena Puntillo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine - ICU Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu J, Niu M, Wang C, Liang Y, Guo R, He F. Correlation between triglyceride glucose index and collateral circulation formation in patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary arteries in different glucose metabolic states. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:26. [PMID: 38218859 PMCID: PMC10787450 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the correlation between triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and collateral circulation in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary arteries in different glucose metabolic states. METHODS A total of 681 patients who underwent coronary angiography between January 2020 and December 2021 to determine the presence of CTO lesions in at least one major coronary artery were retrospectively included in this study. Patients were categorized into a group with poor collateral circulation formation (Rentrop grade 0-1, n = 205) and a group with good collateral circulation formation (Rentrop grade 2-3, n = 476) according to the Rentrop scale. They were also categorized according to their glucose metabolism status: normal glucose regulation (NGR) (n = 139), prediabetes mellitus (Pre-DM) (n = 218), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 324). Correlation between TyG index and collateral circulation formation was analyzed by logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Among patients with CTO, TyG index was significantly higher in the group with poor collateral circulation formation than in the group with good collateral circulation formation. Logistic regression analysis showed that TyG index was an independent risk factor for poor collateral circulation formation (OR 5.104, 95% CI 3.323-7.839, P < 0.001). The accuracy of TyG index in predicting collateral circulation formation was evaluated by the ROC curve, which had an area under the curve of 0.779 (95% CI 0.738-0.820, P < 0.001). The restrictive cubic spline curves showed that the risk of poor collateral circulation formation in the Pre-DM and DM groups was initially flat and finally increased rapidly, except for the NGR group. TyG index was significantly associated with an increased risk of poor collateral circulation formation in the Pre-DM and DM groups. CONCLUSIONS TyG index was significantly associated with the risk of poor collateral circulation formation in patients with CTO, especially those with Pre-DM and DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minghui Niu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Fei He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bashir KMI, Kim JW, Park HR, Lee JK, Choi BR, Choi JS, Ku SK. Validating the Health Benefits of Coffee Berry Pulp Extracts in Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:10. [PMID: 38275632 PMCID: PMC10812732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) berry pulp extracts (CBP extracts) on the improvement of diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were evaluated using various in vitro antioxidant activity assays and through a high-fat diet-induced mild diabetic obese mouse model. After an 84-day oral administration of CBP extracts (400-100 mg/kg), bioactivities were evaluated. The in vitro analysis showed the highest DPPH● scavenging activity of 73.10 ± 4.27%, ABTS● scavenging activity of 41.18 ± 1.14%, and SOD activity of 56.24 ± 2.81%, at a CBP extract concentration of 1000 µg/mL. The in vivo analysis of the CBP extracts showed favorable and dose-dependent anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, NAFLD, nephropathy, and hyperlipidemia refinement effects through hepatic glucose enzyme activity, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) up-regulation, antioxidant activity, lipid metabolism-related gene expression, and pancreatic lipid digestion enzyme modulatory activities. This study shows that an appropriate oral dosage of CBP extracts could function as a potent herbal formulation for a refinement agent or medicinal food ingredient to control type 2 diabetes and related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
- German Engineering Research and Development Center for Life Science Technologies in Medicine and Environment, Busan 46742, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- Department of Companion Animal Health, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Park
- Nutracore Co., Ltd., Suwon 16514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyoung Lee
- CNS Pharm Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul 04043, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Regulatory Science, College of Science and Technology, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae-Suk Choi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim G, Lee J, Ha J, Kang I, Choe W. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated. Nutrients 2023; 15:5082. [PMID: 38140341 PMCID: PMC10745682 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis, which encompasses the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Sustained ER stress has the potential to disrupt the signaling of the unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby influencing adipogenesis. This comprehensive review illuminates the molecular mechanisms that underpin the interplay between ER stress and adipogenesis. We delve into the dysregulation of UPR pathways, namely, IRE1-XBP1, PERK and ATF6 in relation to adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and tissue inflammation. Moreover, we scrutinize how ER stress impacts key adipogenic transcription factors such as proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) along with their interaction with other signaling pathways. The cellular ramifications include alterations in lipid metabolism, dysregulation of adipokines, and aged adipose tissue inflammation. We also discuss the potential roles the molecular chaperones cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B play in adipogenesis. By shedding light on the intricate relationship between ER stress and adipogenesis, this review paves the way for devising innovative therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyuhui Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30609, USA;
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ahmad K, Shaikh S, Lim JH, Ahmad SS, Chun HJ, Lee EJ, Choi I. Therapeutic application of natural compounds for skeletal muscle-associated metabolic disorders: A review on diabetes perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115642. [PMID: 37812896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) plays a vital role in energy and glucose metabolism by regulating insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and blood glucose homeostasis. Impaired SM metabolism is strongly linked to several diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance in SM may result from the impaired activities of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and AKT pathways. This review briefly discusses SM myogenesis and the critical roles that SM plays in insulin resistance and T2D. The pharmacological targets of T2D which are associated with SM metabolism, such as DPP4, PTB1B, SGLT, PPARγ, and GLP-1R, and their potential modulators/inhibitors, especially natural compounds, are discussed in detail. This review highlights the significance of SM in metabolic disorders and the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in targeting SM-associated T2D targets. It may provide novel insights for the future development of anti-diabetic drug therapies. We believe that scientists working on T2D therapies will benefit from this review by enhancing their knowledge and updating their understanding of the subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carvalho F, Lahlou RA, Pires P, Salgado M, Silva LR. Natural Functional Beverages as an Approach to Manage Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16977. [PMID: 38069300 PMCID: PMC10707707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, commonly associated with unhealthy habits and obesity, and it is becoming a serious health issue worldwide. As a result, new approaches to treat diabetes are required, and a movement towards more natural approaches is emerging. Consuming fruit and vegetables is advised to prevent diabetes since they contain several bioactive compounds. A simple and effective strategy to include them in the diets of diabetic and obese people is through beverages. This review aims to report the anti-diabetic potentials of different vegetable and fruit beverages. These functional beverages demonstrated in vitro potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and to improve glucose uptake. In vivo, beverage consumption showed a reduction of blood glucose, increase of insulin tolerance, improvement of lipid profile, control of obesity, and reduction of oxidative stress. This suggests the potential of vegetable- and fruit-based functional beverages to be used as a natural innovative therapy for the management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Carvalho
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Paula Pires
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuel Salgado
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CIEPQPF—Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II—Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Asano S, Ogawa A, Osada T, Oka S, Nakajima K, Oshima Y, Tanaka S, Kaga H, Tamura Y, Watada H, Kawamori R, Konishi S. Reduced gray matter volume in the default-mode network associated with insulin resistance. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11225-11234. [PMID: 37757477 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance may lead to structural and functional abnormalities of the human brain. However, the mechanism by which insulin resistance impairs the brain remains elusive. In this study, we used two large neuroimaging databases to investigate the brain regions where insulin resistance was associated with the gray matter volume and to examine the resting-state functional connectivity between these brain regions and each hypothalamic nucleus. Insulin resistance was associated with reduced gray matter volume in the regions of the default-mode and limbic networks in the cerebral cortex in older adults. Resting-state functional connectivity was prominent between these networks and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, a hypothalamic interface connecting functionally with the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, we found a significant correlation in these networks between insulin resistance-related gray matter volume reduction and network paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus resting-state functional connectivity. These results suggest that insulin resistance-related gray matter volume reduction in the default-mode and limbic networks emerged through metabolic homeostasis mechanisms in the hypothalamus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saki Asano
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoshi Oka
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Koji Nakajima
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Kaga
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamori
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Seiki Konishi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine , 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University School of Medicine , 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun Y, Nie Q, Zhang S, He H, Zuo S, Chen C, Yang J, Chen H, Hu J, Li S, Cheng J, Zhang B, Zheng Z, Pan S, Huang P, Lian L, Nie S. Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7740. [PMID: 38007572 PMCID: PMC10676405 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a key role in insulin resistance (IR). Here we perform a case-control study of Chinese adults (ChiCTR2200065715) and identify that Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely correlated with IR. Treatment with P. distasonis improves IR, strengthens intestinal integrity, and reduces systemic inflammation in mice. We further demonstrate that P. distasonis-derived nicotinic acid (NA) is a vital bioactive molecule that fortifies intestinal barrier function via activating intestinal G-protein-coupled receptor 109a (GPR109a), leading to ameliorating IR. We also conduct a bioactive dietary fiber screening to induce P. distasonis growth. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) shows favorable growth-promoting effects on P. distasonis and protects against IR in mice simultaneously. Finally, the reduced P. distasonis and NA levels were also validated in another human type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort. These findings reveal the unique mechanisms of P. distasonis on IR and provide viable strategies for the treatment and prevention of IR by bioactive dietary fiber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaobo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhitian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shijie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lu Lian
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jhuo JY, Tong ZJ, Ku PH, Cheng HW, Wang HT. Acrolein induces mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in muscle and adipose tissues in vitro and in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122380. [PMID: 37625774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic condition characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in critical glucose-consuming tissues, including skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are known to play key roles in IR. Acrolein is a reactive aldehyde found in the diet and environment that is generated as a fatty acid product through the glucose autooxidation process under hyperglycemic conditions. Our previous studies have shown that acrolein impairs insulin sensitivity in normal and diabetic mice, and this effect can be reversed by scavenging acrolein. This study demonstrated that acrolein increased oxidative stress and inhibited mitochondrial respiration in differentiated C2C12 myotubes and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. As a result, insulin signaling pathways were inhibited, leading to reduced glucose uptake. Treatment with acrolein scavengers, N-acetylcysteine, or carnosine ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited insulin signaling. Additionally, an increase in acrolein expression correlated with mitochondrial dysfunction in the muscle and adipose tissues of diabetic mice. These findings suggest that acrolein-induced mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to IR, and scavenging acrolein is a potential therapeutic approach for treating IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Jhuo
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhen-Jie Tong
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Hsuan Ku
- Department of Life Sciences and the Institute of Genome Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Tsui Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Doctor Degree Program in Toxicology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bima A, Eldakhakhny B, Alamoudi AA, Awan Z, Alnami A, Abo-Elkhair SM, Sakr H, Ghoneim FM, Elsamanoudy A. Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1383. [PMID: 37891752 PMCID: PMC10605073 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain insulin resistance is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet has been proposed to have a protective effect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the brain insulin resistance markers in a rat animal model of MetS and the protective effects of the LCHF diet. Four groups of male rats (10/group) were created. Group I (Control) was fed a regular diet. Groups II-IV were injected with dexamethasone (DEX) to induce MetS. Group II received DEX with a regular diet. Group III (DEX + LCHF) rates were fed a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet, while Group IV (DEX + HCLF) rats were fed a high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) diet. At the end of the four-week experiment, HOMA-IR was calculated. Moreover, cerebral gene expression analysis of S-100B, BDNF, TNF-α, IGF-1, IGF-1 R, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-5, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 was carried out. In the DEX group, rats showed a significant increase in the HOMA-IR and a decrease in the gene expression of IGF-1, IGF-1 R, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-5, BDNF, and Bcl2, with a concomitant rise in S100B, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3. The LCHF diet group showed a significantly opposite effect on all parameters. In conclusion, MetS is associated with dysregulated cerebral gene expression of BDNF, S100B, and TNF-α and disturbed IGF-1 signaling, with increased apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Moreover, the LCHF diet showed a protective effect, as evidenced by preservation of the investigated biochemical and molecular parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Bima
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Basmah Eldakhakhny
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliaa A. Alamoudi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Zuhier Awan
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abrar Alnami
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Salwa Mohamed Abo-Elkhair
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Hussein Sakr
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Fatma Mohamed Ghoneim
- Faculty Development Unit, Physiological Science and Medical Education Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah 23323, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ayman Elsamanoudy
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.A.); (Z.A.); (A.A.)
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo Y, Zeng Y, Peng J, Zhang K, Wang L, Feng T, Nhamdriel T, Fan G. Phytochemicals for the treatment of metabolic diseases: Evidence from clinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115274. [PMID: 37542856 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the incidence of metabolic diseases is gradually increasing in recent years. There is growing interest in finding drugs to treat metabolic diseases from natural compounds due to their good efficacy and limited side effects. Over the past few decades, many phytochemicals derived from natural plants, such as berberine, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, and hesperidin, have been shown to have good pharmacological activity against metabolic diseases in preclinical studies. More importantly, clinical trials using these phytochemicals to treat metabolic diseases have been increasing. This review comprehensively summarizes the clinical progress of phytochemicals derived from natural plants in the treatment of several metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Accumulating clinical evidence shows that a total of 18 phytochemicals have good therapeutic effects on the three metabolic diseases by lowering blood glucose and lipid levels, reducing insulin resistance, enhancing insulin sensitivity, increasing energy expenditure, improving liver function, and relieving inflammation and oxidative stress. The information will help us better understand the medicinal value of these phytochemicals and promote their clinical application in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yujiao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiayan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tu Feng
- School of Ecological Engineering, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie 551700, China.
| | - Tsedien Nhamdriel
- Department of Tibetan medicine, University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Q, Song S, Jiang R, Zhang J, Na L. Protective effect of manganese treatment on insulin resistance in HepG2 hepatocytes. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:746-754. [PMID: 37409718 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objectives: manganese (Mn) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR), but the exact mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects and mechanism of Mn on IR using hepatocyte IR model induced by high palmitate (PA), high glucose (HG) or insulin. Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to PA (200 μM), HG (25 mM) or insulin (100 nM) respectively, alone or with 5 μM Mn for 24 hours. The expression of key proteins in insulin signaling pathway, intracellular glycogen content and glucose accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity were detected. Results: compared with control group, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the three IR groups was declined, and this decrease was reversed by Mn. The reduction of intracellular glycogen content and increase in glucose accumulation in IR groups were also inhibited by Mn. Additionally, the production of ROS was increased in IR models, compared with normal control group, while Mn reduced the excessive production of ROS induced by PA, HG or insulin. However, Mn did not alter the activity of MnSOD in the three IR models. Conclusion: this study demonstrated that Mn treatment can improve IR in hepatocytes. The mechanism is probably by reducing the level of intracellular oxidative stress, enhancing the activity of Akt/GSK-3β/FOXO1 signal pathway, promoting glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting gluconeogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shili Song
- Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ruyue Jiang
- Publich Health College. Harbin Medical University
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
De la Fuente-Muñoz M, De la Fuente-Fernández M, Román-Carmena M, Amor S, Iglesias-de la Cruz MC, García-Laínez G, Llopis S, Martorell P, Verdú D, Serna E, García-Villalón ÁL, Guilera SI, Inarejos-García AM, Granado M. Supplementation with a New Standardized Extract of Green and Black Tea Exerts Antiadipogenic Effects and Prevents Insulin Resistance in Mice with Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108521. [PMID: 37239868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is one of the main characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the main cause of the development of type II diabetes. The high prevalence of this syndrome in recent decades has made it necessary to search for preventive and therapeutic agents, ideally of natural origin, with fewer side effects than conventional pharmacological treatments. Tea is widely known for its medicinal properties, including beneficial effects on weight management and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to analyze whether a standardized extract of green and black tea (ADM® Complex Tea Extract (CTE)) prevents the development of insulin resistance in mice with MetS. For this purpose, C57BL6/J mice were fed for 20 weeks with a standard diet (Chow), a diet with 56% kcal from fat and sugar (HFHS) or an HFHS diet supplemented with 1.6% CTE. CTE supplementation reduced body weight gain, adiposity and circulating leptin levels. Likewise, CTE also exerted lipolytic and antiadipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cultures and in the C. elegans model. Regarding insulin resistance, CTE supplementation significantly increased plasma adiponectin concentrations and reduced the circulating levels of insulin and the HOMA-IR. Incubation of liver, gastrocnemius muscle and retroperitoneal adipose tissue explants with insulin increased the pAkt/Akt ratio in mice fed with Chow and HFHS + CTE but not in those fed only with HFHS. The greater activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in response to insulin in mice supplemented with CTE was associated with a decrease in the expression of the proinflammatory markers Mcp-1, IL-6, IL-1β or Tnf-α and with an overexpression of the antioxidant enzymes Sod-1, Gpx-3, Ho-1 and Gsr in these tissues. Moreover, in skeletal muscle, mice treated with CTE showed increased mRNA levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), Arnt and Nrf2, suggesting that the CTE's insulin-sensitizing effects could be the result of the activation of this pathway. In conclusion, supplementation with the standardized extract of green and black tea CTE reduces body weight gain, exerts lipolytic and antiadipogenic effects and reduces insulin resistance in mice with MetS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario De la Fuente-Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Román-Carmena
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Amor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo García-Laínez
- Nutrition Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) Health & Wellness, Biopolis S. L. Parc Cientific, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Silvia Llopis
- Nutrition Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) Health & Wellness, Biopolis S. L. Parc Cientific, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Patricia Martorell
- Nutrition Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) Health & Wellness, Biopolis S. L. Parc Cientific, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - David Verdú
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Serna
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel L García-Villalón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia I Guilera
- R&D Department of Functional Extracts, ADM® Valencia, 46740 Carcaixent, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Granado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Magdy G, Al-Enna AA, Belal F, El-Domany RA, Abdel-Megied AM. Analytical quality-by-design approach for development and validation of HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of omarigliptin, metformin, and ezetimibe: application to human plasma and dosage forms. BMC Chem 2023; 17:45. [PMID: 37147652 PMCID: PMC10163694 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, selective, and sensitive RP-HPLC method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of two co-administered antidiabetic drugs (omarigliptin and metformin) with an anti-hyperlipidemic drug (ezetimibe) in a medicinally-recommended ratio of 2.5:50:1, respectively. The proposed procedure was optimized by adopting a quality-by-design approach. The influence of different factors on chromatographic responses was optimized by applying the two-level full factorial design (25). The optimum chromatographic separation was achieved using Hypersil BDS C18 column at 45 °C, and the mobile phase pumped isocratically composed of methanol: potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (6.6 mM; pH 7, 67:33% v/v) at a flow rate of 0.814 mL/min using 235 nm as a detection wavelength. The developed method was capable of separating this novel mixture in less than 8 min. The calibration plots of omarigliptin, metformin, and ezetimibe showed acceptable linearity over the ranges of 0.2-2.0, 0.5-25.0, and 0.1-2.0 µg/mL with quantitation limits of 0.06, 0.50, and 0.06 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the studied drugs in their commercial tablets with high % recoveries (96.8-102.92%) and low % RSD values (less than 2%). The applicability of the method was extended to the in-vitro assay of the drugs in spiked human plasma samples with high % recoveries (94.3-105.7%). The suggested method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galal Magdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33511, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Amira A Al-Enna
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33511, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A El-Domany
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33511, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Megied
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33511, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lutter D, Sachs S, Walter M, Kerege A, Perreault L, Kahn DE, Wolide AD, Kleinert M, Bergman BC, Hofmann SM. Skeletal muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue gene expression profiling identifies new biomarkers with prognostic significance for insulin resistance progression and intervention response. Diabetologia 2023; 66:873-883. [PMID: 36790478 PMCID: PMC10036433 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Although insulin resistance often leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus, its early stages are often unrecognised, thus reducing the probability of successful prevention and intervention. Moreover, treatment efficacy is affected by the genetics of the individual. We used gene expression profiles from a cross-sectional study to identify potential candidate genes for the prediction of diabetes risk and intervention response. METHODS Using a multivariate regression model, we linked gene expression profiles of human skeletal muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) to fasting glucose levels and glucose infusion rate. Based on the expression patterns of the top predictive genes, we characterised and compared individual gene expression with clinical classifications using k-nearest neighbour clustering. The predictive potential of the candidate genes identified was validated using muscle gene expression data from a longitudinal intervention study. RESULTS We found that genes with a strong association with clinical measures clustered into three distinct expression patterns. Their predictive values for insulin resistance varied substantially between skeletal muscle and IMAT. Moreover, we discovered that individual gene expression-based classifications may differ from classifications based predominantly on clinical variables, indicating that participant stratification may be imprecise if only clinical variables are used for classification. Of the 15 top candidate genes, ST3GAL2, AASS, ARF1 and the transcription factor SIN3A are novel candidates for predicting a refined diabetes risk and intervention response. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Our results confirm that disease progression and successful intervention depend on individual gene expression states. We anticipate that our findings may lead to a better understanding and prediction of individual diabetes risk and may help to develop individualised intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lutter
- Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Stephan Sachs
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration (IDR-H), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marc Walter
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration (IDR-H), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Kerege
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Leigh Perreault
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Darcy E Kahn
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amare D Wolide
- Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Drug Development Unit, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Group of Muscle Physiology and Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration (IDR-H), Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bashir KMI, Kim JW, Kim JK, Chun YS, Choi JS, Ku SK. Efficacy Confirmation Test of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Seeds Extract Using a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040501. [PMID: 37110159 PMCID: PMC10142846 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To deal with the adverse effects associated with the use of currently available treatments for metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, there is a need to find an alternative drug compound. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds extract (BCS extract) for type 2 diabetes using a 45% Kcal-fed obese mouse model. The BCS extract at different doses (400–100 mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent improvement tendency in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, and diabetic nephropathy compared to the metformin (250 mg/kg). In particular, BCS extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg significantly inhibited the HFD-induced metabolic conditions. The oral administration of BCS extract (200 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation, normalized the activity of sugar metabolism-related enzymes and the expression of genes involved in fat metabolism, and inhibited insulin resistance through glucose and fat metabolism by regulating the 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression. Furthermore, BCS extract (200 mg/kg) showed renal damage improvement effects compared to the metformin (250 mg/kg). The results clearly show that BCS aqueous extract at an appropriate concentration could help in the treatment of metabolic disorders, and BCS aqueous extract can be used as a functional food for various diabetic complications, such as obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sahu N, Singh N, Arya KR, Reddy SS, Rai AK, Shukla V, Pandey J, Narender T, Tamrakar AK, Kumar B, Rajak BK, Malik S, Rustagi S. Assessment of the dual role of Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drude in inhibiting AGEs and enhancing GLUT4 translocation through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS determination and in silico studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1073327. [PMID: 37050897 PMCID: PMC10083281 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1073327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that results in glucose accumulation in the blood, accompanied by the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through glycation of cellular proteins. These AGEs interfere with insulin signaling and prevent GLUT4 membrane translocation, thereby promoting the accumulation of more glucose in the blood and causing post-diabetic complications.Methods: In this study, we examine the anti-diabetic potential of Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drude, a well-known ethnomedicinal plant of the Indian Himalayas. Considering its various medicinal properties, we analyzed its ethanolic extract and various solvent fractions for in vitro antiglycation activity and antidiabetic potential, i.e., stimulation of GLUT4 translocation.Result and Discussions: The results showed that the extract and fractions exhibited increased antiglycation activity and an increased level of GLUT4 translocation. Analysis of a further 12 bioactive compounds of ethanolic extract, identified through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, revealed the presence of three new compounds: leucothol B, rhodoterpenoids A, and leucothol A. Moreover, we performed molecular docking of identified compounds against key proteins of diabetes mellitus: the sirtuin family of NAD (+)-dependent protein deacetylases 6 (SIRT6), aldose reductase (AR), and tyrosine kinase (TK). The results showed that flavonoid luteolin showed the best binding affinity ((−12.3 kcal/mol), followed by eriodictyol, astilbin, and syringaresinol. An ADMET study showed that luteolin, eriodictyol, astilbin, and syringaresinol may be promising drug candidates belonging to the flavonoid class of compounds, with no harmful effects and complying with all the drug-likeness guidelines. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on a 50 ns timescale revealed that AR protein was most stable with luteolin throughout the simulation period. Therefore, this study reveals for the first time that L. ovalifolia plays an important role in insulin homeostasis, as shown in in vitro and in silico studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sahu
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
- Botany Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- *Correspondence: Neha Sahu,
| | - Nitesh Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, India
| | - Kamal Ram Arya
- Botany Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sabbu Sathish Reddy
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Vijaya Shukla
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Jyotsana Pandey
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Tadigoppula Narender
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Bikash Kumar Rajak
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, School of Applied and Life sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Grant WB, Al Anouti F, Boucher BJ, Fakhoury HMA, Moukayed M, Pilz S, Al-Daghri NM. Evidence That Increasing Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations to 30 ng/mL in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates Could Greatly Improve Health Outcomes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11040994. [PMID: 37189612 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11040994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the potential protective effects of vitamin D against chronic diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, autoimmune diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disease (ischaemic heart disease and stroke), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and infectious diseases such as acute respiratory tract diseases, COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes. The respective evidence is based on ecological and observational studies, randomized controlled trials, mechanistic studies, and Mendelian randomization studies. However, randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation have largely failed to show benefits, probably due to poor design and analysis. In this work, we aim to use the best available evidence on the potential beneficial effects of vitamin D to estimate the expected reduction in incidence and mortality rates of vitamin D-related diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates if minimum serum 25(OH)D concentrations were to be raised to 30 ng/mL. Estimated reductions by 25% for myocardial infarction incidence, 35% for stroke incidence, 20 to 35% for cardiovascular disease mortality, and 35% for cancer mortality rates depicted a promising potential for raising serum 25(OH)D. Methods to increase serum 25(OH)D concentrations at the population level could include food fortification with vitamin D3, vitamin D supplementation, improved dietary vitamin D intake, and sensible sun exposure.
Collapse
|
27
|
Prajjwal P, Asharaf S, Makhanasa D, Yamparala A, Tariq H, Aleti S, Gadam S, Vora N. Association of Alzheimer's dementia with oral bacteria, vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine levels, and insulin resistance along with its pathophysiology, genetics, imaging, and biomarkers. Dis Mon 2023; 69:101546. [PMID: 36931946 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent form of dementia, particularly among the elderly population. It is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Despite numerous studies, the exact cause of Alzheimer's disease remains uncertain, and various theories have been proposed, including Aβ amyloid deposition in the brain and tau protein hyper-phosphorylation. This review article explores the potential pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the effects of derangements in the levels of vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine, as well as the impact of oral bacteria causing periodontitis and insulin resistance, and their relationship to Alzheimer's. Studies have shown that high levels of homocysteine and low levels of vitamin B12 and folate, are associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The article also explores the link between Alzheimer's disease and oral bacteria, specifically dental infections and periodontitis, which contribute to the inflammatory processes in the nervous system of Alzheimer's patients. There could be derangement in the insulin signaling further causing disruption in glucose metabolism within the brain, suggesting that Alzheimer's disease may represent a form of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with the brain, commonly known as type 3 diabetes. Neuroimaging techniques, including MRI, PET, and tau PET, can identify the predictive characteristics of Alzheimer's disease, with amyloid PET being the most useful in ruling out the disease. The article concludes by stressing the importance of understanding genetic and neuroimaging factors in the diagnosing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahnaz Asharaf
- Internal Medicine, Travancore Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Halla Tariq
- Internal Medicine, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Aleti
- Internal Medicine, Berkshire Medical Center, Pittsfield, MA, USA
| | - Srikanth Gadam
- Internal Medicine, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Neel Vora
- Internal Medicine, B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Meng Q, Xu Y, Li Y, Wang Y. Novel studies on Drosophila melanogaster model reveal the roles of JNK-Jak/STAT axis and intestinal microbiota in insulin resistance. J Drug Target 2023; 31:261-268. [PMID: 36343203 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2144869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The JNK pathway play a critical role in insulin resistance induced by a long-term high-sugar diet. However, the roles of up- and downstream molecules of the JNK pathway in insulin resistance are less known in vertebrates and invertebrates. As a classical organism in biological research, Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) has been widely applied to the studies of mechanism of insulin resistance. Based on previous studies, we found a novel predictive mechanism of the formation of insulin resistance in D. melanogaster. We found that JNK activated by high-sugar diet and dysregulated intestinal microbiota could mediate inflammation, and then the activated JNK released Upd3, which in turn stimulated Jak/STAT pathway to release ImpL2. ImpL2 can compete with Drosophila insulin-like peptides (Dilps) for binding with the insulin receptor and inhibit the activation of insulin pathway. In this study, we reviewed novel studies on the insulin signalling pathway based on the D. melanogaster model. The findings support our hypothesis. We, therefore, described how a long-term high-sugar diet disrupts intestinal microbiota to induce inflammation and the disruption of JNK-Jak/STAT axis. This description may offer some new clues to the formation of insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yidong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Masson SWC, Dissanayake WC, Broome SC, Hedges CP, Peeters WM, Gram M, Rowlands DS, Shepherd PR, Merry TL. A role for β-catenin in diet-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15536. [PMID: 36807886 PMCID: PMC9937784 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A central characteristic of insulin resistance is the impaired ability for insulin to stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. While insulin resistance can occur distal to the canonical insulin receptor-PI3k-Akt signaling pathway, the signaling intermediates involved in the dysfunction are yet to be fully elucidated. β-catenin is an emerging distal regulator of skeletal muscle and adipocyte insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking. Here, we investigate its role in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Short-term (5-week) high-fat diet (HFD) decreased skeletal muscle β-catenin protein expression 27% (p = 0.03), and perturbed insulin-stimulated β-cateninS552 phosphorylation 21% (p = 0.009) without affecting insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to chow-fed controls. Under chow conditions, mice with muscle-specific β-catenin deletion had impaired insulin responsiveness, whereas under HFD, both mice exhibited similar levels of insulin resistance (interaction effect of genotype × diet p < 0.05). Treatment of L6-GLUT4-myc myocytes with palmitate lower β-catenin protein expression by 75% (p = 0.02), and attenuated insulin-stimulated β-catenin phosphorylationS552 and actin remodeling (interaction effect of insulin × palmitate p < 0.05). Finally, β-cateninS552 phosphorylation was 45% lower in muscle biopsies from men with type 2 diabetes while total β-catenin expression was unchanged. These findings suggest that β-catenin dysfunction is associated with the development of insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart W. C. Masson
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Waruni C. Dissanayake
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Sophie C. Broome
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Christopher P. Hedges
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Wouter M. Peeters
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand,Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastleUK
| | - Martin Gram
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - David S. Rowlands
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Peter R. Shepherd
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yamashima T, Seike T, Oikawa S, Kobayashi H, Kido H, Yanagi M, Yamamiya D, Li S, Boontem P, Mizukoshi E. Hsp70.1 carbonylation induces lysosomal cell death for lifestyle-related diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1063632. [PMID: 36819480 PMCID: PMC9936620 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1063632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) constitute increasingly prevalent disorders. Individuals with type 2 diabetes are well-known to be susceptible to Alzheimer's disease. Although the pathogenesis of each disorder is multifactorial and the causal relation remains poorly understood, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lipid and protein oxidation conceivably plays a common role. Lipid peroxidation product was recently reported to be a key factor also for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, because of inducing hepatocyte degeneration/death. Here, we focus on implication of the representative lipid-peroxidation product 'hydroxynonenal' for the cell degeneration/death of brain, pancreas, and liver. Since Hsp70.1 has dual roles as a chaperone and lysosomal membrane stabilizer, hydroxynonenal-mediated oxidative injury (carbonylation) of Hsp70.1 was highlighted. After intake of high-fat diets, oxidation of free fatty acids in mitochondria generates ROS which enhance oxidation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) involved within biomembranes and generate hydroxynonenal. In addition, hydroxynonenal is generated during cooking deep-fried foods with vegetable oils especially containing linoleic acids. These intrinsic and exogenous hydroxynonenal synergically causes an increase in its serum and organ levels to induce Hsp70.1 oxidation. As it is amphiphilic; being water-soluble but displays strong lipophilic characteristics, hydroxynonenal can diffuse within the cells and react with targets like senile and/or atheromatous plaques outside the cells. Hydroxynonenal can deepen and expand lysosomal injuries by facilitating 'calpain-mediated cleavage of the carbonylated Hsp70.1'. Despite the unique anatomical, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of each organ for its specific disease, there should be a common cascade of the cell degeneration/death which is caused by hydroxynonenal. This review aims to implicate hydroxynonenal-mediated Hsp70.1 carbonylation for lysosomal membrane permeabilization/rupture and the resultant cathepsin leakage for inducing cell degeneration/death. Given the tremendous number of worldwide people suffering various lifestyle-related diseases, it is valuable to consider how ω-6 PUFA-rich vegetable oils is implicated for the organ disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsumori Yamashima
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan,Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan,*Correspondence: Tetsumori Yamashima,
| | - Takuya Seike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kido
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yanagi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamamiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shihui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Piyakarn Boontem
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Debnath S, Sharma D, Chaudhari SY, Sharma R, Shaikh AA, Buchade RS, Kesari KK, Abdel-Fattah AFM, Algahtani M, Mheidat M, Alsaidalani R, Paul T, Sayed AA, Abdel-Daim MM. Wheat ergot fungus-derived and modified drug for inhibition of intracranial aneurysm rupture due to dysfunction of TLR-4 receptor in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279616. [PMID: 36656815 PMCID: PMC9851541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of dementia that strikes elderly people more frequently than it does younger people. The cognitive skills and memory of Alzheimer's sufferers continue to deteriorate over time. Recent studies have shown that patients with AD have greater amounts of inflammatory markers in their bodies, which suggests that inflammation occurs early on in the progression of the disease. There is a possibility that Aß oligomers and fibrils can be recognised by TLRs, in addition to the microglial receptors CD14, CD36, and CD47. When Aß binds to either CD36 or TLR4, it sets off a chain reaction of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines that ultimately results in neurodegeneration. Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have both been recently related to TLR4. The activation of TLR4 has been connected to a variety of clinical difficulties that are associated with diabetes, in addition to the internal environment of the body and the microenvironment of the brain. TLR4 inhibitors have been shown in clinical investigations to not only lessen the likelihood of getting sick but also to increase the average longevity. RESULT In this work we used molecular docking and molecular dynamics modelling to investigate the effectiveness of FDA-approved antidiabetic plant derived drugs in combating the TLR4 receptor. Molecular docking experiments were used to make a prediction regarding the most important interactions involving 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate. With a binding affinity of -8.26 kcal/mol, it stood out from the other candidates as the one with the greatest potential. To verify the interaction pattern that takes place between 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate and the TLR4 receptor, a molecular dynamic simulation was run at a time scale of 150 nanoseconds. Because of this, 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate was able to make substantial contact with the active site, which led to increased structural stability during the process of the complex's dynamic development. CONCLUSION As a result of this, the results of our research may be relevant for future research into the efficacy of 2-bromoergocryptine mesylate as a potential lead treatment for TLR4 receptors in intracranial aneurysm rupture in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Devesh Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR - National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somdatta Yashwant Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Progressive Education Society’s Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Department University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amir Afzal Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES’s Indira College of Pharmacy "Niramay", Tathwade, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Subhash Buchade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES’s Indira College of Pharmacy "Niramay", Tathwade, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, Meca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayyadah Mheidat
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawidh Alsaidalani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tapas Paul
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Avelino DC, da Silva A, Chaves LO, Carraro JCC, de Carvalho Vidigal F, Bressan J. Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with poor sleep quality in apparently healthy subjects: A cross-sectional study. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:73-91. [PMID: 36155123 PMCID: PMC9983794 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to evaluate the association between the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) and sleep quality and to establish a cut-off value for the TyG index based on the prevalence of subjects with insulin resistance (IR). Methods This cross-sectional study involved Brazilian health professionals (20-59 years). A total of 138 subjects answered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality questionnaire to evaluate sleep quality. They were categorized into two groups: good sleep quality (global score ≤ 5 points) and poor sleep quality (global score ≥ 6 points). Also, we classified the subjects as having a high (>8.08 or >4.38) or low TyG index (≤ 8.08 or ≤4.38). Results The majority of the subjects (70%) with high TyG index values (>8.08 or >4.38) reported poor sleep quality (p ≤ 0.001). Those with poor sleep quality had a 1.44-fold higher prevalence of IR (TyG index >8.08 or >4.38) compared to those with good sleep quality, regardless of sex, total cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin, complement C3, CRP, and adiponectin (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Our data showed a positive and significant association between the TyG index and poor sleep quality. Thus, these findings support the association between poor sleep quality and IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra da Silva
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: The Emerging Role of Cellular Lipotoxicity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010183. [PMID: 36671568 PMCID: PMC9855893 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD) represent major health issues that have reached alarming levels in the last decades. Although growing evidence demonstrates that AD is a significant comorbidity of T2D, and there is a ~1.4-2-fold increase in the risk of developing AD among T2D patients, the involvement of possible common triggers in the pathogenesis of these two diseases remains largely unknown. Of note, recent mechanistic insights suggest that lipotoxicity could represent the missing ring in the pathogenetic mechanisms linking T2D to AD. Indeed, obesity, which represents the main cause of lipotoxicity, has been recognized as a major risk factor for both pathological conditions. Lipotoxicity can lead to inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, ceramide and amyloid accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ferroptosis, and autophagy, which are shared biological events in the pathogenesis of T2D and AD. In the current review, we try to provide a critical and comprehensive view of the common molecular pathways activated by lipotoxicity in T2D and AD, attempting to summarize how these mechanisms can drive future research and open the way to new therapeutic perspectives.
Collapse
|
35
|
Przybysz JT, DiBrog AM, Kern KA, Mukherjee A, Japa JE, Waite MH, Mietlicki-Baase EG. Macronutrient intake: Hormonal controls, pathological states, and methodological considerations. Appetite 2023; 180:106365. [PMID: 36347305 PMCID: PMC10563642 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A plethora of studies to date has examined the roles of feeding-related peptides in the control of food intake. However, the influence of these peptides on the intake of particular macronutrient constituents of food - carbohydrate, fat, and protein - has not been as extensively addressed in the literature. Here, the roles of several feeding-related peptides in controlling macronutrient intake are reviewed. Next, the relationship between macronutrient intake and diseases including diabetes mellitus, obesity, and eating disorders are examined. Finally, some key considerations in macronutrient intake research are discussed. We hope that this review will shed light onto this underappreciated topic in ingestive behavior research and will help to guide further scientific investigation in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan T Przybysz
- Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Adrianne M DiBrog
- Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Katherine A Kern
- Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Ashmita Mukherjee
- Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Jason E Japa
- Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Mariana H Waite
- Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Mietlicki-Baase
- Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Center for Ingestive Behavior Research, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ma N, Liang Y, Yue L, Liu P, Xu Y, Zhu C. The identities of insulin signaling pathway are affected by overexpression of Tau and its phosphorylation form. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1057281. [PMID: 36589543 PMCID: PMC9800792 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1057281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hyperphosphorylated Tau formed neurofibrillary tangles was one of the major neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dysfunctional insulin signaling in brain is involved in AD. However, the effect of Tau pathology on brain insulin resistance remains unclear. This study explored the effects of overexpressing wild-type Tau (WTau) or Tau with pseudo-phosphorylation at AT8 residues (PTau) on the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Methods 293T cells or SY5Y cells overexpressing WTau or PTau were treated with or without insulin. The elements in ISP or the regulators of IPS were analyzed by immunoblotting, immunofluorescent staining and co-immunoprecipitation. Akt inhibitor MK2206 was used for evaluating the insulin signaling to downstream of mTOR in Tau overexpressing cells. The effects of anti-aging drug lonafarnib on ISP in WTau or PTau cells were also analyzed with immunoblotting. Considering lonafarnib is an inhibitor of FTase, the states of Rhes, one of FTase substrate in WTau or PTau cells were analyzed by drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay and the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). Results WTau or PTau overexpression in cells upregulated basal activity of elements in ISP in general. However, overexpression of WTau or PTau suppressed the ISP signaling transmission responses induced by insulin simulation, appearing relative higher response of IRS-1 phosphorylation at tyrosine 612 (IRS-1 p612) in upstream IPS, but a lower phosphorylation response of downstream IPS including mTOR, and its targets 4EPB1 and S6. This dysregulation of insulin evoked signaling transmission was more obvious in PTau cells. Suppressing Akt with MK2206 could compromise the levels of p-S6 and p-mTOR in WTau or PTau cells. Moreover, the changes of phosphatases detected in WTau and PTau cells may be related to ISP dysfunction. In addition, the effects of lonafarnib on the ISP in SY5Y cells with WTau and PTau overexpression were tested, which showed that lonafarnib treatment resulted in reducing the active levels of ISP elements in PTau cells but not in WTau cells. The differential effects are probably due to Tau phosphorylation modulating lonafarnib-induced alterations in Rhes, as revealed by DARTS assay. Conclusion and discussion Overexpression of Tau or Tau with pseudo-phosphorylation at AT8 residues could cause an upregulation of the basal/tonic ISP, but a suppression of insulin induced the phasic activation of ISP. This dysfunction of ISP was more obvious in cells overexpressing pseudo-phosphorylated Tau. These results implied that the dysfunction of ISP caused by Tau overexpression might impair the physiological fluctuation of neuronal functions in AD. The different effects of lonafarnib on ISP between WTau and PTau cells, indicating that Tau phosphorylation mediates an additional effect on ISP. This study provided a potential linkage of abnormal expression and phosphorylation of Tau to the ISP dysfunction in AD.
Collapse
|
37
|
Gupta M, Pandey S, Rumman M, Singh B, Mahdi AA. Molecular mechanisms underlying hyperglycemia associated cognitive decline. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 14:57-63. [PMID: 36590246 PMCID: PMC9800261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. DM can lead to a number of secondary complications affecting multiple organs in the body including the eyes, kidney, heart, and brain. The most common effect of hyperglycemia on the brain is cognitive decline. It has been estimated that 20-70% of people with DM have cognitive deficits. High blood sugar affects key brain areas involved in learning, memory, and spatial navigation, and the structural complexity of the brain has made it prone to a variety of pathological disorders, including T2DM. Studies have reported that cognitive decline can occur in people with diabetes, which could go undetected for several years. Moreover, studies on brain imaging suggest extensive effects on different brain regions in patients with T2D. It remains unclear whether diabetes-associated cognitive decline is a consequence of hyperglycemia or a complication that co-occurs with T2D. The exact mechanism underlying cognitive impairment in diabetes is complex; however, impaired glucose metabolism and abnormal insulin function are thought to play important roles. In this review, we have tried to summarize the effect of hyperglycemia on the brain structure and functions, along with the potential mechanisms underlying T2DM-associated cognitive decline.
Collapse
|
38
|
Li S, Deng X, Zhang Y. The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in a Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237153. [PMID: 36498726 PMCID: PMC9737091 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the effect of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index on longitudinal cognitive decline in a healthy middle-aged-to-elderly population. METHODS We conducted a population-based longitudinal study. A total of 1774 participants without cognitive impairment were enrolled in the 4-year follow-up. They were divided into four groups according to the quartile of the TyG index. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were performed to examine the association between the TyG index and cognitive decline. Discrimination tests were used to evaluate the incremental predictive value of the TyG index beyond conventional risk factors. RESULTS During the follow-up, compared with those in the bottom quartile group, participants in the top TyG quartile group presented a 51% increase in the risk of cognitive decline (OR 1.51 (95% CI: 1.06-2.14)). As shown by discrimination tests, adding the TyG index into the conventional model resulted in a slight improvement in predicting the risk of cognitive decline (NRI 16.00% (p = 0.004)). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that increasing values of the TyG index were positively associated with the risk of cognitive decline. Monitoring the TyG index may help in the early identification of individuals at high risk of cognitive deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-59975531
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cheon SY, Song J. Novel insights into non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dementia: insulin resistance, hyperammonemia, gut dysbiosis, vascular impairment, and inflammation. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:99. [PMID: 35765060 PMCID: PMC9237975 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disease characterized by multiple pathologies. The progression of dementia with NAFLD may be affected by various risk factors, including brain insulin resistance, cerebrovascular dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and neuroinflammation. Many recent studies have focused on the increasing prevalence of dementia in patients with NAFLD. Dementia is characterized by cognitive and memory deficits and has diverse subtypes, including vascular dementia, Alzheimer’s dementia, and diabetes mellitus-induced dementia. Considering the common pathological features of NAFLD and dementia, further studies on the association between them are needed to find appropriate therapeutic solutions for diseases. This review summarizes the common pathological characteristics and mechanisms of NAFLD and dementia. Additionally, it describes recent evidence on association between NAFLD and dementia progression and provides novel perspectives with regard to the treatment of patients with dementia secondary to NAFLD.
Collapse
|
40
|
Bale BF, Doneen AL, Leimgruber PP, Vigerust DJ. The critical issue linking lipids and inflammation: Clinical utility of stopping oxidative stress. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1042729. [PMID: 36439997 PMCID: PMC9682196 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1042729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of an atheroma begins when lipoproteins become trapped in the intima. Entrapped lipoproteins become oxidized and activate the innate immune system. This immunity represents the primary association between lipids and inflammation. When the trapping continues, the link between lipids and inflammation becomes chronic and detrimental, resulting in atherosclerosis. When entrapment ceases, the association between lipids and inflammation is temporary and healthy, and the atherogenic process halts. Therefore, the link between lipids and inflammation depends upon lipoprotein retention in the intima. The entrapment is due to electrostatic forces uniting apolipoprotein B to polysaccharide chains on intimal proteoglycans. The genetic transformation of contractile smooth muscle cells in the media into migratory secretory smooth muscle cells produces the intimal proteoglycans. The protein, platelet-derived growth factor produced by activated platelets, is the primary stimulus for this genetic change. Oxidative stress is the main stimulus to activate platelets. Therefore, minimizing oxidative stress would significantly reduce the retention of lipoproteins. Less entrapment decreases the association between lipids and inflammation. More importantly, it would halt atherogenesis. This review will analyze oxidative stress as the critical link between lipids, inflammation, and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Through this perspective, we will discuss stopping oxidative stress to disrupt a harmful association between lipids and inflammation. Numerous therapeutic options will be discussed to mitigate oxidative stress. This paper will add a new meaning to the Morse code distress signal SOS-stopping oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Field Bale
- Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Washington State University College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Amy Lynn Doneen
- Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Washington State University College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Pierre P. Leimgruber
- Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Washington State University College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, United States
- Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David John Vigerust
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang X, Yan X, Zhou H, Huang G, Niu X, Jiang H, Su H, Yang X, Li X, Zhou Z. Associations of insulin resistance and beta-cell function with abnormal lipid profile in newly diagnosed diabetes. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2554-2562. [PMID: 35245924 PMCID: PMC9944004 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal lipids are strong predictors of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential associations of insulin resistance (IR) and beta-cell function (BCF) with abnormal lipids in newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM patients are not fully understood. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 15,928 participants was conducted. Homeostasis model assessment and postprandial C-peptide levels were used to estimate IR and BCF. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) nested in binary logistic regression was used to examine the associations of IR and BCF with abnormal lipids. RESULTS High triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) accounted for 49.7%, 47.8%, and 59.2% of the participants, respectively. In multivariable analysis, high IR was associated with an increased risk of high TGs ( P for trend <0.001) in T1DM and is associated with an elevated risk of high TG and low HDL-C (all P for trend <0.01) in T2DM. Low BCF was not associated with risks of dyslipidemia in patients with T1DM or T2DM after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSION High IR had different associations with the risk of dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed T1DM and T2DM patients, suggesting that early treatment that improves IR may benefit abnormal lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Houde Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaohong Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Heng Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The triglyceride glucose index is associated with the cerebral small vessel disease in a memory clinic population. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 104:126-133. [PMID: 36037583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Insulin resistance (IR) has been associated with the cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). However, as the surrogate marker of IR, there is little known about the relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and cSVD. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and cSVD in a memory clinic population and explore the value of TyG index to improve the risk stratification of cSVD. METHODS We included participants who attended our memory clinic from January 2016 to December 2020. TyG index was determined as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)/2]. We assessed lacunes, microbleeds, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) on MRI and calculated the total cSVD burden. RESULTS A total of 297 subjects were included (median age: 65 years, male sex: 64.98%). In the adjusted model, when dividing TyG index into quartiles, subjects with TyG index in the top quartile, compared with those in the bottom quartile, were more likely to have lacunes (P = 0.035), moderate-severe WMH (P = 0.001), a higher grade of deep WMH (P = 0.004), a higher grade of PVWMH (P = 0.032), a higher grade of EPVS (P = 0.002), and a higher cSVD score (P < 0.001). When introducing TyG index into traditional risk factors to predict moderate to severe cSVD, both area under the curve (0.745 vs 0.802, P = 0.003) and integrated discrimination index (0.080, 95% CI 0.050-0.110, P < 0.001) displayed an improvement from TyG index. CONCLUSIONS The TyG index is correlated with cSVD and may have the potential to be a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and optimize the risk stratification.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Z, Zhang J, Duan X, Zhao G, Zhang M. Celastrol: A Promising Agent Fighting against Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081597. [PMID: 36009315 PMCID: PMC9405053 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide; therefore, seeking effective therapeutics to reduce the global burden of CVD has become increasingly urgent. Celastrol, a bioactive compound isolated from the roots of the plant Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), has been attracting increasing research attention in recent years, as it exerts cardiovascular treatment benefits targeting both CVD and their associated risk factors. Substantial evidence has revealed a protective role of celastrol against a broad spectrum of CVD including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular injury, calcific aortic valve disease and heart failure through complicated and interlinked mechanisms such as direct protection against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, and indirect action on oxidation and inflammation. This review will mainly summarize the beneficial effects of celastrol against CVD, largely based on in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, and the potential underlying mechanisms. We will also briefly discuss celastrol’s pharmacokinetic limitations, which hamper its further clinical applications, and prospective future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhexi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xulei Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207848-5319; Fax: +44-207848-5193
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fang Z, Gao W, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Zhao C, Du X, Zhang M, Song Y, Wang Z, Liu G, Li X, Lei L. Targeting IRE1α and PERK in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway attenuates fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in bovine hepatocytes. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6895-6908. [PMID: 35840398 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can be induced by various stimuli and triggers the unfolded protein response to activate intracellular signaling pathways that are mediated by 3 ER-resident sensors: inositol requiring protein-1α (IRE1α), PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6). In nonruminants, ER stress plays a critical role in hepatic insulin resistance. However, whether ER stress plays a role in nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA)-induced hepatic insulin resistance in dairy cows is still unknown. Experiments were conducted using primary bovine hepatocytes isolated from 5 healthy calves (body weight: 30-40 kg; 1 d old). First, hepatocytes were treated with NEFA (1.2 mM) for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, or 12 h. Treatment with NEFA elevated abundance of phosphorylated IRE1α and PERK, and cleavage of ATF6, along with the ER stress-associated genes XBP1, ATF4, and DNAJC3, resulting in both linear and quadratic effects. Furthermore, ER Tracker red staining and transmission electron microscopy results indicated that ER was dilated and degranulated in response to NEFA treatment, suggesting that ER stress was induced by NEFA treatment in bovine hepatocytes. Second, to assess the effect of ER stress on NEFA-induced insulin resistance, hepatocytes were treated with different concentrations of NEFA (0, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.4 mM) for 5 h with or without tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, a canonical inhibitor of ER stress). Here, NEFA induced insulin resistance by increasing the abundance of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) phosphorylation at the inhibitory residue Ser 307 (S307) and decreasing the abundance of phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) in a dose-dependent manner. This was accompanied by upregulation of an abundance of gluconeogenic genes [phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6-Pase)]. These detrimental effects of NEFA on insulin signaling could be reversed with TUDCA treatment, indicating a mechanistic link between ER stress and NEFA-induced insulin resistance. In a third experiment, pGPU6/GFP/Neo vectors containing short hairpin RNA targeting IRE1α were used to silence IRE1α transcription, and GSK2656157 (PERK phosphorylation inhibitor) and 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride (AEBSF; an inhibitor of ATF6) were used to block PERK and ATF6 branches, respectively. Notably, the silencing of the IRE1α branch improved NEFA-induced insulin resistance by decreasing phosphorylation of IRS1 (S307) and increasing phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β, and reducing PEPCK and G6-Pase mRNA abundance, which was likely dependent on IRE1α kinase activity. Similarly, blockage of the PERK branch increased phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β, and reduced PEPCK and G6-Pase mRNA abundance, but had no effect on phosphorylation of IRS1 (S307). However, results showed that inhibition of the ATF6 branch had no effects on phosphorylation of IRS1, AKT, and GSK3β, and instead found increasing PEPCK and G6-Pase mRNA abundance. Taken together, data in the present study found that impeding IRE1α and PERK signaling might aid in relieving hepatic insulin resistance. However, the more detailed mechanisms of how IRE1α and PERK signaling contribute to hepatic insulin resistance in dairy cows remain to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang SY, Mirabal CS, Newcomb CE, Stewart KJ, Arking DE. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, metabolic syndrome, and insulin sensitivity: Insights from the Sugar, Hypertension, and Physical Exercise studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270951. [PMID: 35849594 PMCID: PMC9292076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) measured in blood has been associated with many aging-related diseases, with higher mtDNA-CN typically associated with lower disease risk. Exercise training is an excellent preventative tool against aging-related disorders and has been shown to increase mitochondrial function in muscle. Using the Sugar, Hypertension, and Physical Exercise cohorts (N = 105), we evaluated the effect of 6-months of exercise intervention on mtDNA-CN measured in blood. Although there was no significant relationship between exercise intervention and mtDNA-CN change (P = 0.29), there was a nominally significant association between mtDNA-CN and metabolic syndrome (P = 0.04), which has been seen in previous literature. We also identified a nominally significant association between higher mtDNA-CN and higher insulin sensitivity (P = 0.02).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Y. Yang
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Caleb S. Mirabal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles E. Newcomb
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kerry J. Stewart
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dan E. Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Trends in insulin resistance: insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:216. [PMID: 35794109 PMCID: PMC9259665 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key peptide hormone and mediates the systemic glucose metabolism in different tissues. Insulin resistance (IR) is a disordered biological response for insulin stimulation through the disruption of different molecular pathways in target tissues. Acquired conditions and genetic factors have been implicated in IR. Recent genetic and biochemical studies suggest that the dysregulated metabolic mediators released by adipose tissue including adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, excess lipids and toxic lipid metabolites promote IR in other tissues. IR is associated with several groups of abnormal syndromes that include obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and other abnormalities. Although no medication is specifically approved to treat IR, we summarized the lifestyle changes and pharmacological medications that have been used as efficient intervention to improve insulin sensitivity. Ultimately, the systematic discussion of complex mechanism will help to identify potential new targets and treat the closely associated metabolic syndrome of IR.
Collapse
|
47
|
Saraswati LD, Widjanarko B, Herawati VE, Fauziah AI. The Effects of Chitosan-PEG Nanoparticles Based on Channa striata Protein Hydrolyzate on Decreasing Diabetes Mellitus in Diabetic Rats. Ethiop J Health Sci 2022; 32:833-840. [PMID: 35950072 PMCID: PMC9341027 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v32i4.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Channa striata has several good nutrients, including 70% protein, 20% albumin, complete amino acids, zinc, selenium, and iron. However, no study has investigated the chitosan-PEG nanoparticles based on Channa striata protein hydrolyzate. This study's purpose was to determine the role of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate, chitosan-PEG 4000 nanoparticles, and chitosan-PEG 6000 nanoparticles in reducing diabetes mellitus in diabetic rats. Method A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used, with male Sprague-Dawley rats being divided into five groups: STZ, acarbose, hydrolyzate, chitosan-PEG 4000 nanoparticles, and chitosan-PEG 6000 nanoparticles. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin at 1 ml in each formulation. Blood glucose levels were analyzed using a glucometer 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment. The CHOD-PAP method was used to analyze the lipid profile. Pancreas and liver histology analyses were carried out using a microscope. Results The formulation of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate and PEG 6000 was the most effective in lowering blood glucose concentrations, and the response was close to the acarbose result. The glucose concentration decreased after daily oral administration of chitosan-PEG nanoparticles for 21 days. The plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL concentrations were lower in treated than in untreated diabetic rats. Conclusion This study concluded that the formulation of 10% Channa striata protein hydrolyzate and chitosan-PEG 6000 nanoparticles was more effective than acarbose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lintang Dian Saraswati
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Bagoes Widjanarko
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Vivi Endar Herawati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Apriliani Ismi Fauziah
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ghanbari M, Lamuki MS, Habibi E, Sadeghimahalli F. Artemisia annua L. Extracts Improved Insulin Resistance via Changing Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin Production in HFD/STZ Diabetic Mice. J Pharmacopuncture 2022; 25:130-137. [PMID: 35837139 PMCID: PMC9240412 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2022.25.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Insulin resistance (IR) is major cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and adipokines (e.g., adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) play an important role in insulin sensitivity. Medicinal plants are frequently used for T2D treatment. This study investigates the effect of Artemisia annua L. (AA) extracts on adipokines in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2D. Methods We divided 60 mice into 12 groups (n = 5 per group) control, untreated T2D, treated T2D, and 9 other groups. T2D was induced in all groups, except controls, by 8 weeks of HFD and STZ injection. The treated T2D group was administered 250 mg/kg of metformin (MTF), while the nine other groups were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of hot-water extract (HWE), cold-water extract (CWE), and alcoholic extract (ALE) of AA (daily oral gavage) along with 250 mg/kg of MTF for 4 weeks. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed, and the homeostasis model assessment of adiponectin (HOMA-AD) index and blood glucose and serum insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin levels were measured. Results Similar to MTF, all three types of AA extracts (HWEs, CWEs, and ALEs) significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased the area under the curve (AUC) of glucose during the IPGTT, the HOMA-AD index, blood glucose levels, and serum insulin, leptin, and resistin levels and increased serum adiponectin levels in the MTF group compared to the T2D group (p < 0.0001). The HWEs affected adipokine release, while the CWEs and ALEs decreased leptin and resistin production. Conclusion Water and alcoholic AA extracts have an antihyperglycemic and antihyperinsulinemic effect on HFD/STZ diabetic mice. In addition, they decrease IR by reducing leptin and resistin production and increasing adiponectin secretion from adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Ghanbari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Manzandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh Lamuki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Manzandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Emran Habibi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Forouzan Sadeghimahalli
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Insulin and Its Key Role for Mitochondrial Function/Dysfunction and Quality Control: A Shared Link between Dysmetabolism and Neurodegeneration. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060943. [PMID: 35741464 PMCID: PMC9220302 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin was discovered and isolated from the beta cells of pancreatic islets of dogs and is associated with the regulation of peripheral glucose homeostasis. Insulin produced in the brain is related to synaptic plasticity and memory. Defective insulin signaling plays a role in brain dysfunction, such as neurodegenerative disease. Growing evidence suggests a link between metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). This association is due to a common state of insulin resistance (IR) and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review takes a journey into the past to summarize what was known about the physiological and pathological role of insulin in peripheral tissues and the brain. Then, it will land in the present to analyze the insulin role on mitochondrial health and the effects on insulin resistance and neurodegenerative diseases that are IR-dependent. Specifically, we will focus our attention on the quality control of mitochondria (MQC), such as mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis, and selective autophagy (mitophagy), in healthy and altered cases. Finally, this review will be projected toward the future by examining the most promising treatments that target the mitochondria to cure neurodegenerative diseases associated with metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ramesh G, Wood AC, Allison MA, Rich SS, Jensen ET, Chen YDI, Rotter JI, Bertoni AG, Goodarzi MO. Associations between adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet and six glucose homeostasis traits in the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1418-1426. [PMID: 35459606 PMCID: PMC9167769 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The DASH diet conveys protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) Via plant-based and non-plant-based recommendations. Research has not identified which glucose homeostasis pathways are improved. We examined associations between adherence to a DASH diet and six glucose homeostasis traits, probing whether associations could be attributed to the plant-based (DASH-P) and/or non-plant based (DASH-NP) components. METHODS AND RESULTS We included data from 295 adults without T2D (age 59.3 ± 9.00 years; 63.46% non-Hispanic White and 36.54% African American, self-reported race ancestry) participating in the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) yielded fasting plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and insulin secretion, sensitivity, and disposition index. Habitual dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Associations between DASH components and glucose homeostasis traits were examined, controlling for demographics, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and energy intake. For significant associations, the models were repeated with scores for DASH-P and DASH-NP as predictors in the same model. DASH and DASH-P scores were inversely associated with fasting plasma glucose (DASH:β = -0.036 ± 0.012,P = 0.005; DASH-P: β = -0.04 ± 0.017,P = 0.002), and positively associated with insulin sensitivity (DASH:β = 0.022 ± 0.012,P = 0.042; DASH-P: = 0.036 ± 0.015,P = 0.014). The DASH score was also associated with disposition index (β = 0.026 ± 0.013,P = 0.038), but this association did not reach significance with DASH-P (β = 0.035 ± 0.018,P = 0.051). No associations were observed with DASH-NP score (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS DASH diet is associated with improvement in specific glucose homeostasis traits, likely arising from increased plant-based foods. Such research may help tailor future dietary advice to specific metabolic risk, and to food groups most effective at improving these.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Ramesh
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX, 77071, USA.
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| |
Collapse
|