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Reinicke M, Shamkeeva S, Hell M, Isermann B, Ceglarek U, Heinemann ML. Targeted Lipidomics for Characterization of PUFAs and Eicosanoids in Extracellular Vesicles. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071319. [PMID: 35405932 PMCID: PMC9000901 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are increasingly recognized as bioactive mediators of extracellular vesicle (EV) functions. However, while EV proteins and nucleic acids are well described, EV lipids are insufficiently understood due to lack of adequate quantitative methods. We adapted an established targeted and quantitative mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method originally developed for analysis of 94 eicosanoids and seven polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in human plasma. Additionally, the influence of freeze–thaw (FT) cycles, injection volume, and extraction solvent were investigated. The modified protocol was applied to lipidomic analysis of differently polarized macrophage-derived EVs. We successfully quantified three PUFAs and eight eicosanoids within EVs. Lipid extraction showed reproducible PUFA and eicosanoid patterns. We found a particularly high impact of FT cycles on EV lipid profiles, with significant reductions of up to 70%. Thus, repeated FT will markedly influence analytical results and may alter EV functions, emphasizing the importance of a standardized sample pretreatment protocol for the analysis of bioactive lipids in EVs. EV lipid profiles differed largely depending on the polarization of the originating macrophages. Particularly, we observed major changes in the arachidonic acid pathway. We emphasize the importance of a standardized sample pretreatment protocol for the analysis of bioactive lipids in EVs.
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Dou T, Yan S, Liu L, Wang K, Jian Z, Xu Z, Zhao J, Wang Q, Sun S, Talpur MZ, Duan X, Gu D, He Y, Du Y, Abdulwahid AM, Li Q, Rong H, Cao W, Su Z, Zhao G, Liu R, Zhao S, Huang Y, Te Pas MFW, Ge C, Jia J. Integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the melanogenesis pathway of muscle and related meat characters in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:173. [PMID: 35236293 PMCID: PMC8892760 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanin is an important antioxidant in food and has been used in medicine and cosmetology. Chicken meat with high melanin content from black-boned chickens have been considered a high nutritious food with potential medicinal properties. The molecular mechanism of melanogenesis of skeletal muscle in black-boned chickens remain poorly understood. This study investigated the biological gene-metabolite associations regulating the muscle melanogenesis pathways in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens with two normal boned chicken breeds as control. Results We identified 25 differentially expressed genes and 11 transcription factors in the melanogenesis pathways. High levels of the meat flavor compounds inosine monophosphate, hypoxanthine, lysophospholipid, hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and nicotinamide mononucleotide were found in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens. Conclusion Integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the dual physiological functions of the PDZK1 gene, involved in pigmentation and/or melanogenesis and regulating the phospholipid signaling processes in muscle of black boned chickens. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08388-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Dou
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiong Yan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixian Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghui Jian
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingying Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mir Zulqarnain Talpur
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medical, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Gu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Du
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Rong
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Cao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengchang Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Marinus F W Te Pas
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, 238050, The Netherlands. .,Visiting Professor Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changrong Ge
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junjing Jia
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Thompson M, Ulu A, Yuil-Valdes AG, Mukherjee M, Thoene M, Van Ormer M, Slotkowski R, Lyden E, Anderson Berry A, Hanson CK, Nordgren TM, Natarajan SK. Omega-6 and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Derived Oxylipins from the Lipoxygenase Pathway in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Plasma at Delivery and Their Relationship with Infant Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020708. [PMID: 35054892 PMCID: PMC8775763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are important for neonatal development and health. One mechanism by which omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids exert their effects is through their metabolism into oxylipins and specialized pro-resolving mediators. However, the influence of oxylipins on fetal growth is not well understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify oxylipins present in maternal and umbilical cord plasma and investigate their relationship with infant growth. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify oxylipin levels in plasma collected at the time of delivery. Spearman's correlations highlighted significant correlations between metabolite levels and infant growth. They were then adjusted for maternal obesity (normal body mass index (BMI: ≤30 kg/m2) vs. obese BMI (>30 kg/m2) and smoking status (never vs. current/former smoker) using linear regression modeling. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Our study demonstrated a diverse panel of oxylipins from the lipoxygenase pathway present at the time of delivery. In addition, both omega-3 and omega-6 oxylipins demonstrated potential influences on the birth length and weight percentiles. The oxylipins present during pregnancy may influence fetal growth and development, suggesting potential metabolites to be used as biomarkers for infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maranda Thompson
- Pediatrics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (M.T.); (M.T.); (M.V.O.); (R.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (A.U.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Ana G. Yuil-Valdes
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Maheswari Mukherjee
- Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Melissa Thoene
- Pediatrics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (M.T.); (M.T.); (M.V.O.); (R.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Matthew Van Ormer
- Pediatrics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (M.T.); (M.T.); (M.V.O.); (R.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Rebecca Slotkowski
- Pediatrics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (M.T.); (M.T.); (M.V.O.); (R.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Ann Anderson Berry
- Pediatrics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (M.T.); (M.T.); (M.V.O.); (R.S.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Corrine K. Hanson
- Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Profession, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Tara M. Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (A.U.); (T.M.N.)
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar Natarajan
- Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-805-7520
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Zhang Z, Emami S, Hennebelle M, Morgan RK, Lerno LA, Slupsky CM, Lein PJ, Taha AY. Linoleic acid-derived 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid is absorbed and incorporated into rat tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158870. [PMID: 33340768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LNA)-derived 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) is a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates multiple signaling processes in vivo. 13-HODE is also produced when LNA is oxidized during food processing. However, the absorption and incorporation kinetics of dietary 13-HODE into tissues is not known. The present study measured unesterified d4-13-HODE plasma bioavailability and incorporation into rat liver, adipose, heart and brain following gavage or intravenous (IV) injection (n = 3 per group). Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that d4-13-HODE was absorbed within 20 min of gavage, and continued to incorporate into plasma esterified lipid fractions throughout the 90 min monitoring period (incorporation half-life of 71 min). Following IV injection, unesterified d4-13-HODE was rapidly eliminated from plasma with a half-life of 1 min. Analysis of tracer incorporation kinetics into rat tissues following IV injection or gavage revealed that the esterified tracer preferentially incorporated into liver, adipose and heart compared to unesterified d4-13-HODE. No tracer was detected in the brain. This study demonstrates that dietary 13-HODE is absorbed, and incorporated into peripheral tissues from esterified plasma lipid pools. Understanding the chronic effects of dietary 13-HODE exposure on peripheral tissue physiology and metabolism merits future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shiva Emami
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marie Hennebelle
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rhianna K Morgan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Larry A Lerno
- Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ameer Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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5
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Kikut J, Komorniak N, Ziętek M, Palma J, Szczuko M. Inflammation with the participation of arachidonic (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) derivatives (HETEs and HODEs) is necessary in the course of a normal reproductive cycle and pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 141:103177. [PMID: 32659532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Data on arachidonic (AA) and linoleic (LA) acid derivatives and their role in the reproductive cycle are limited. In order to systematize these reports, 54 scientific investigations were analyzed, which revealed the important role of AA and LA in the planning and course of pregnancy. Ovulation, menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth are strongly related to the occurrence of physiological inflammatory reactions. Ovulation and menstruation are cyclic tissue remodeling processes that cause changes in the synthesis of inflammation mediators, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Thus, the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) pathway for AA transformation is activated. Only the absence of neutrophils during this process differentiates an embryo implantation from a standard inflammatory response. It has been found that in COX-2 deficiency conditions, incorrect embryo implantation and decidual reaction occur; therefore, the mechanism associated with the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway seems to play an important role in the course of embryo implantation. In addition, 12/15-LOX may be key modulators of uterine activity during the implantation process. According to the current state of knowledge, AA derivatives synthesized throughout the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and LOX pathways play a special role in the late pregnancy period. Decreased 5-HETE levels have been related to slowing down the progression of labor, while 11-HETE and 15-HETrE to its acceleration. It has been also proven that renal 20-HETE contents undergo significant changes in the late pregnancy period, which are caused by an increase in their adrenal medulla and vascular synthesis, leading to decrease of blood pressure and an increase of sodium excretion, finally conditioning a normal course of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kikut
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Maciej Ziętek
- Department of Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
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6
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Scarpati M, Qi Y, Govind S, Singh S. A combined computational strategy of sequence and structural analysis predicts the existence of a functional eicosanoid pathway in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211897. [PMID: 30753230 PMCID: PMC6372189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports on a putative eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway in Drosophila melanogaster and challenges the currently held view that mechanistic routes to synthesize eicosanoid or eicosanoid-like biolipids do not exist in insects, since to date, putative fly homologs of most mammalian enzymes have not been identified. Here we use systematic and comprehensive bioinformatics approaches to identify most of the mammalian eicosanoid synthesis enzymes. Sensitive sequence analysis techniques identified candidate Drosophila enzymes that share low global sequence identities with their human counterparts. Twenty Drosophila candidates were selected based upon (a) sequence identity with human enzymes of the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase branches, (b) similar domain architecture and structural conservation of the catalytic domain, and (c) presence of potentially equivalent functional residues. Evaluation of full-length structural models for these 20 top-scoring Drosophila candidates revealed a surprising degree of conservation in their overall folds and potential analogs for functional residues in all 20 enzymes. Although we were unable to identify any suitable candidate for lipoxygenase enzymes, we report structural homology models of three fly cyclooxygenases. Our findings predict that the D. melanogaster genome likely codes for one or more pathways for eicosanoid or eicosanoid-like biolipid synthesis. Our study suggests that classical and/or novel eicosanoids mediators must regulate biological functions in insects–predictions that can be tested with the power of Drosophila genetics. Such experimental analysis of eicosanoid biology in a simple model organism will have high relevance to human development and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Scarpati
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- PhD program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yan Qi
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- PhD program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shubha Govind
- PhD program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- PhD program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Bao Q, Liu Y, Song H, Yang N, Ai D, Zhu Y, Zhang X. Spectrum evaluation-assisted eicosanoid metabolomics for global eicosanoid profiling in human vascular endothelial cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 45:98-108. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Yajin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Hao Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
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Cantu TM, Bowden JA, Scott J, Pérez-Viscasillas JB, Huncik K, Guillette MP, Guillette LJ. Alterations in eicosanoid composition during embryonic development in the chorioallantoic membrane of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 238:78-87. [PMID: 27401262 PMCID: PMC5584055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are signaling lipids known to regulate several physiological processes in the mammalian placenta, including the initiation of parturition. Though all amniotes construct similar extraembryonic membranes during development, the composition and function of eicosanoids in extraembryonic membranes of oviparous reptiles is largely unknown. The majority of effort placed in eicosanoid investigations is typically targeted toward defining the role of specific compounds in disease etiology; however, comprehensive characterization of several pathways in eicosanoid synthesis during development is also needed to better understand the complex role of these lipids in comparative species. To this end, we have examined the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) during development. Previously, our lab has demonstrated that the CAM of several oviparous species shared conserved steroidogenic activity, a feature originally attributed to mammalian amniotes. To further explore this, we have developed a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method that is used here to quantify multiple eicosanoids in the CAM of two oviparous species at different stages of development. We identified 18 eicosanoids in the alligator CAM; the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway showed the largest increase from early development to later development in the alligator CAM. Similarly, the chicken CAM had an increase in COX products and COX activity, which supports the LC-MS/MS analyses. Jointly, our findings indicate that the CAM tissue of an oviparous species is capable of eicosanoid synthesis, which expands our knowledge of placental evolution and introduces the possibility of future comparative models of placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Cantu
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States; Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States.
| | - John A Bowden
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Environmental Chemical Sciences Group, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Jacob Scott
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Jimena B Pérez-Viscasillas
- Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Kevin Huncik
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Environmental Chemical Sciences Group, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Matthew P Guillette
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States; Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Louis J Guillette
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States; Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
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9
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Klawitter J, McFann K, Pennington AT, Wang W, Klawitter J, Christians U, Schrier RW, Gitomer B, Cadnapaphornchai MA. Pravastatin Therapy and Biomarker Changes in Children and Young Adults with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015. [PMID: 26224879 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11331114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Disease-specific treatment options for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease are limited. Clinical intervention early in life is likely to have the greatest effect. In a 3-year randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial, the authors recently showed that pravastatin decreased height-corrected total kidney volume (HtTKV) progression of structural kidney disease over a 3-year period. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Participants were recruited nationally from July 2007 through October 2009. Plasma and urine samples collected at baseline, 18 months, and 36 months from 91 pediatric patients enrolled in the above-mentioned clinical trial were subjected to mass spectrometry-based biomarker analysis. Changes in biomarkers over 3 years were compared between placebo and pravastatin-treated groups. Linear regression was used to evaluate the changes in biomarkers with the percent change in HtTKV over 3 years. RESULTS Changes in plasma concentrations of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers (9- hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid [HETE]) over 3 years were significantly different between the placebo and pravastatin-treated groups, with the pravastatin group showing a lower rate of biomarker increase. Urinary 8-HETE, 9-HETE, and 11-HETE were positively associated with the changes in HtTKV in the pravastatin group. CONCLUSIONS Pravastatin therapy diminished the increase of cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-derived plasma lipid mediators. The identified biomarkers and related molecular pathways of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction may present potential targets for monitoring of disease severity and therapeutic intervention of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Klawitter
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Anesthesiology, and
| | - Kim McFann
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | | | - Wei Wang
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | | | | | | | | | - Melissa A Cadnapaphornchai
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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Deol P, Evans JR, Dhahbi J, Chellappa K, Han DS, Spindler S, Sladek FM. Soybean Oil Is More Obesogenic and Diabetogenic than Coconut Oil and Fructose in Mouse: Potential Role for the Liver. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26200659 PMCID: PMC4511588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic in the U.S. has led to extensive research into potential contributing dietary factors, especially fat and fructose. Recently, increased consumption of soybean oil, which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), has been proposed to play a causal role in the epidemic. Here, we designed a series of four isocaloric diets (HFD, SO-HFD, F-HFD, F-SO-HFD) to investigate the effects of saturated versus unsaturated fat, as well as fructose, on obesity and diabetes. C57/BL6 male mice fed a diet moderately high in fat from coconut oil and soybean oil (SO-HFD, 40% kcal total fat) showed statistically significant increases in weight gain, adiposity, diabetes, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance compared to mice on a diet consisting primarily of coconut oil (HFD). They also had fatty livers with hepatocyte ballooning and very large lipid droplets as well as shorter colonic crypt length. While the high fructose diet (F-HFD) did not cause as much obesity or diabetes as SO-HFD, it did cause rectal prolapse and a very fatty liver, but no balloon injury. The coconut oil diet (with or without fructose) increased spleen weight while fructose in the presence of soybean oil increased kidney weight. Metabolomics analysis of the liver showed an increased accumulation of PUFAs and their metabolites as well as γ-tocopherol, but a decrease in cholesterol in SO-HFD. Liver transcriptomics analysis revealed a global dysregulation of cytochrome P450 (Cyp) genes in SO-HFD versus HFD livers, most notably in the Cyp3a and Cyp2c families. Other genes involved in obesity (e.g., Cidec, Cd36), diabetes (Igfbp1), inflammation (Cd63), mitochondrial function (Pdk4) and cancer (H19) were also upregulated by the soybean oil diet. Taken together, our results indicate that in mice a diet high in soybean oil is more detrimental to metabolic health than a diet high in fructose or coconut oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonamjot Deol
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Jane R. Evans
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph Dhahbi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Diana S. Han
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen Spindler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Frances M. Sladek
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Klawitter J, Klawitter J, McFann K, Pennington AT, Abebe KZ, Brosnahan G, Cadnapaphornchai MA, Chonchol M, Gitomer B, Christians U, Schrier RW. Bioactive lipid mediators in polycystic kidney disease. J Lipid Res 2013; 55:1139-49. [PMID: 24343898 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p042176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activity is evident in patients with chronic kidney disease with limited data available in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We hypothesized that inflammation is an upstream event in the pathogenesis of ADPKD and may be a contributing factor in the disease severity and progression. Serum samples from 61 HALT study A group patients were compared with samples from 49 patients from HALT study B group with moderately advanced disease. Targeted MS analysis of bioactive lipid mediators as markers of inflammation was performed and correlated with eGFR and total kidney volume (TKV) normalized to the body surface area (BSAR) to assess if these markers are predictive of ADPKD severity. ADPKD patients with eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) showed higher levels of 5- and 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase, and generated higher levels of hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids 9-HODE and 13-HODE and HETEs 8-HETE, 11-HETE, 12-HETE, and 15-HETE as compared with healthy subjects. Linear regression of 9-HODE and 13-HODE revealed a significant relationship with eGFR and TKV, while 15-HETE significantly correlated with TKV/BSAR. Production of 20-HETE, a P450-produced metabolite of arachidonic acid, was higher in ADPKD patients as compared with healthy subjects and significantly correlated with eGFR and TKV/BSAR. Perturbation in fatty acid metabolism is evident early in ADPKD patients, even in those with preserved kidney function. The identified LOX pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for slowing down ADPKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Klawitter
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Colorado, Aurora, CO Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Jost Klawitter
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Kim McFann
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Kaleab Z Abebe
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Godela Brosnahan
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Michel Chonchol
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Berenice Gitomer
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Uwe Christians
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Robert W Schrier
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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12
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Ramsden CE, Faurot KR, Zamora D, Suchindran CM, MacIntosh BA, Gaylord S, Ringel A, Hibbeln JR, Feldstein AE, Mori TA, Barden A, Lynch C, Coble R, Mas E, Palsson O, Barrow DA, Mann DJ. Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial. Pain 2013; 154:2441-2451. [PMID: 23886520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 and n-6 fatty acids are biosynthetic precursors to lipid mediators with antinociceptive and pronociceptive properties. We conducted a randomized, single-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial to assess clinical and biochemical effects of targeted alteration in dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for treatment of chronic headaches. After a 4-week preintervention phase, ambulatory patients with chronic daily headache undergoing usual care were randomized to 1 of 2 intensive, food-based 12-week dietary interventions: a high n-3 plus low n-6 (H3-L6) intervention, or a low n-6 (L6) intervention. Clinical outcomes included the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6, primary clinical outcome), Headache Days per month, and Headache Hours per day. Biochemical outcomes included the erythrocyte n-6 in highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) score (primary biochemical outcome) and bioactive n-3 and n-6 derivatives. Fifty-six of 67 patients completed the intervention. Both groups achieved targeted intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. In intention-to-treat analysis, the H3-L6 intervention produced significantly greater improvement in the HIT-6 score (-7.5 vs -2.1; P<0.001) and the number of Headache Days per month (-8.8 vs -4.0; P=0.02), compared to the L6 group. The H3-L6 intervention also produced significantly greater reductions in Headache Hours per day (-4.6 vs -1.2; P=0.01) and the n-6 in HUFA score (-21.0 vs -4.0%; P<0.001), and greater increases in antinociceptive n-3 pathway markers 18-hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acid (+118.4 vs +61.1%; P<0.001) and 17-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid (+170.2 vs +27.2; P<0.001). A dietary intervention increasing n-3 and reducing n-6 fatty acids reduced headache pain, altered antinociceptive lipid mediators, and improved quality-of-life in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Ramsden
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Nutrition Research and Metabolism Core, North Carolina Translational Clinical Sciences Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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13
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Rolin J, Al-Jaderi Z, Maghazachi AA. Oxidized lipids and lysophosphatidylcholine induce the chemotaxis and intracellular calcium influx in natural killer cells. Immunobiology 2012. [PMID: 23200035 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that human NK cells express G2A and they respond to LPC. Here, we report that oxidized lipids such as 9-R-HODE, 9-S-HODE and 13-R-HODE, as well as LPC induced the in vitro chemotaxis of human NK cells, although with variable efficacies. The chemotactic effects of these lipids were inhibited by prior treatment of NK cells with pertussis toxin (PTX). 9-S-HODE, 9-R-HODE and LPC optimally induced the influx of intracellular Ca(2+) in NK cells. Addition of 9-S-HODE prior to the addition of LPC inhibited more than 50% of the effect of LPC, whereas addition of LPC prior to the addition of 9-S-HODE completely inhibited the effect of the latter lipid. Also, there was a complete reciprocal desensitization among 9-R-HODE and LPC on the influx of intracellular Ca(2+). Further analysis showed that the four lipids did not affect NK cell lysis of tumor target cells. 9-R-HODE but not any other lipid increased the percentages of NK cells producing IFN-γ and is the only lipid that enhanced the release of this cytokine by these cells. In conclusion, we provide novel evidence showing that oxidized lipids and LPC exert important functions for cells of innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Rolin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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14
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Hutchins PM, Murphy RC. Cholesteryl ester acyl oxidation and remodeling in murine macrophages: formation of oxidized phosphatidylcholine. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1588-97. [PMID: 22665166 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m026799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential component of eukaryotic cell membranes, regulating fluidity and permeability of the bilayer. Outside the membrane, cholesterol is esterified to fatty acids forming cholesterol esters (CEs). Metabolism of CEs is characterized by recurrent hydrolysis and esterification as part of the CE cycle; however, since recombinant 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) was shown to oxidize cholesteryl linoleate of LDL, there has been interest in CE oxidation, particularly in the context atherogenesis. Studies of oxidized CE (oxCE) metabolism have focused on hydrolysis and subsequent reverse cholesterol transport with little emphasis on the fate the newly released oxidized fatty acyl component. Here, using mass spectrometry to analyze lipid oxidation products, CE metabolism in murine peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Ex vivo macrophage incubations revealed that cellular 15-LO directly oxidized multiple CE substrates from intracellular stores and from extracellular sources. Freshly harvested murine macrophages also contained 15-LO-specific oxCEs, suggesting the enzyme may act as a CE-oxidase in vivo. The metabolic fate of oxCEs, particularly the hydrolysis and remodeling of oxidized fatty acyl chains, was also examined in the macrophage. Metabolism of deuterated CE resulted in the genesis of deuterated, oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC). Further experiments revealed these oxPC species were formed chiefly from the hydrolysis of oxidized CE and subsequent reacylation of the oxidized acyl components into PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Hutchins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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15
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Gerhardt B, Fischer K, Balkenhohl TJ, Pohnert G, Kühn H, Wasternack C, Feussner I. Lipoxygenase-mediated metabolism of storage lipids in germinating sunflower cotyledons and beta-oxidation of (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid by the cotyledonary glyoxysomes. PLANTA 2005; 220:919-30. [PMID: 15526214 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-004-1408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
During the early stages of germination, a lipid-body lipoxygenase is expressed in the cotyledons of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.). In order to obtain evidence for the in vivo activity of this enzyme during germination, we analyzed the lipoxygenase-dependent metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids esterified in the storage lipids. For this purpose, lipid bodies were isolated from etiolated sunflower cotyledons at different stages of germination, and the storage triacylglycerols were analyzed for oxygenated derivatives. During the time course of germination the amount of oxygenated storage lipids was strongly augmented, and we detected triacylglycerols containing one, two or three residues of (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydro(pero)xy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid. Glyoxysomes from etiolated sunflower cotyledons converted (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid to (9Z,11E)-13-oxo-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid via an NADH-dependent dehydrogenase reaction. Both oxygenated fatty acid derivatives were activated to the corresponding CoA esters and subsequently metabolized to compounds of shorter chain length. Cofactor requirement and formation of acetyl-CoA indicate degradation via beta-oxidation. However, beta-oxidation only proceeded for two consecutive cycles, leading to accumulation of a medium-chain metabolite carrying an oxo group at C-9, equivalent to C-13 of the parent (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid. Short-chain beta-oxidation intermediates were not detected during incubation. Similar results were obtained when 13-hydroxy octadecanoic acid was used as beta-oxidation substrate. On the other hand, the degradation of (9Z,11E)-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid was accompanied by the appearance of short-chain beta-oxidation intermediates in the reaction mixture. The results suggest that the hydroxyl/oxo group at C-13 of lipoxygenase-derived fatty acids forms a barrier to continuous beta-oxidation by glyoxysomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernt Gerhardt
- Institut für Botanik, Universität Münster, Schlossgarten 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
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16
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Banni S, Petroni A, Blasevich M, Carta G, Angioni E, Murru E, Day BW, Melis MP, Spada S, Ip C. Detection of conjugated C16 PUFAs in rat tissues as possible partial beta-oxidation products of naturally occurring conjugated linoleic acid and its metabolites. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2004; 1682:120-7. [PMID: 15158763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2003] [Revised: 03/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In a previous paper, we showed that naturally occurring conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from butter fat is metabolized in vivo to higher metabolites such as conjugated diene (CD) 18:3, CD 20:3 and CD 20:4, all the while retaining the conjugated diene structure. In this paper, we describe the detection of two more metabolites with characteristic conjugated diene UV spectra. HPLC retention times, UV and MS spectra identified the CLA metabolites as CD 16:2 and CD 16:3. The accumulation of CD 16:2 was significantly higher than that of CD 16:3 in all tissues examined. Tissue distributions of CD 16:2 and CD 16:3 were similar, with plasma and adipose tissue showing the highest levels, while kidney had the lowest and the liver an intermediate level. CD 16 fatty acids accounted for about 20% of the total CLA metabolites. The kidney, however, was an exception where CD 16 fatty acids accounted for only 11% of total metabolites. Analyses of liver lipid classes showed that CD 16:2 and CD 16:3 were preferentially incorporated into neutral lipids. This preferential incorporation was very similar to CLA as shown previously. We hypothesize that CD 16:2 and CD 16:3 may be derived from partial beta-oxidation of CLA and CD 20:4, respectively, even though we cannot rule out that CD 16:3 may also be derived from CD 18:3 and CD 20:3. Incubation of skin human fibroblasts from X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patients with c9,t11 CLA showed that CD 16:2 formation in ALD cells was about 50% lower than control cells. This result may tempt to hypothesize that, at least in part, CD 16:2 is beta-oxidized in peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Banni
- Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Sezione di Patologia Sperimentale, S.S. 554, km. 4,500 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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17
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Kaduce TL, Fang X, Harmon SD, Oltman CL, Dellsperger KC, Teesch LM, Gopal VR, Falck JR, Campbell WB, Weintraub NL, Spector AA. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (20-HETE) Metabolism in Coronary Endothelial Cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:2648-56. [PMID: 14612451 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m306849200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the role of endothelial cells in the metabolism of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a vasoactive mediator synthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 omega-oxidases. Porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (PCEC) incorporated 20-[(3)H]HETE primarily into the sn-2 position of phospholipids through a coenzyme A-dependent process. The incorporation was reduced by equimolar amounts of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic or 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, but some uptake persisted even when a 10-fold excess of arachidonic acid was available. The retention of 20-[(3)H]HETE increased substantially when methyl arachidonoyl fluorophosphonate, but not bromoenol lactone, was added, suggesting that a Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A(2) released the 20-HETE contained in PCEC phospholipids. Addition of calcium ionophore A23187 produced a rapid release of 20-[(3)H]HETE from the PCEC, a finding that also is consistent with a Ca(2+)-dependent mobilization process. PCEC also converted 20-[(3)H]HETE to 20-carboxy-arachidonic acid (20-COOH-AA) and 18-, 16-, and 14-carbon beta-oxidation products. 20-COOH-AA produced vasodilation in porcine coronary arterioles, but 20-HETE was inactive. These results suggest that the incorporation of 20-HETE and its subsequent conversion to 20-COOH-AA in the endothelium may be important in modulating coronary vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry L Kaduce
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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18
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Li WG, Stoll LL, Rice JB, Xu SP, Miller FJ, Chatterjee P, Hu L, Oberley LW, Spector AA, Weintraub NL. Activation of NAD(P)H oxidase by lipid hydroperoxides: mechanism of oxidant-mediated smooth muscle cytotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2003; 34:937-46. [PMID: 12654483 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(03)00032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized lipids, such as 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. 13-HPODE, a constituent of oxidized low-density lipoproteins, can induce cytotoxicity of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), which may facilitate plaque destabilization and/or rupture. 13-HPODE-induced cytotoxicity has been linked to oxidative stress, although the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. In the present study, we show that 13-HPODE and 9-HPODE (10-30 microM) increased superoxide (O2*-) production and induced cytotoxicity in SMC. The 13-HPODE-induced increase in O2*- was blocked by transfecting the cells with antisense oligonucleotides against p22phox, suggesting that the O2*- was produced by NAD(P)H oxidase. Similar concentrations of the corresponding HPODE reduction products, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 9-HODE, neither increased O2*- production nor induced cytotoxicity, while 4-hydroxy nonenal (4-HNE), an unsaturated aldehyde lipid peroxidation product, induced cytotoxicity without increasing O2*- production. Treatment with superoxide dismutase or Tiron to scavenge O2*-, or transfection with p22phox antisense oligonucleotides to inhibit O2*- production, attenuated 13-HPODE-induced cytotoxicity, but not that induced by 4-HNE. These findings suggest that activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, and production of O2*-, play an important role in lipid hydroperoxide-induced smooth muscle cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Gen Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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19
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Fang X, Weintraub NL, Oltman CL, Stoll LL, Kaduce TL, Harmon S, Dellsperger KC, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Spector AA. Human coronary endothelial cells convert 14,15-EET to a biologically active chain-shortened epoxide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002; 283:H2306-14. [PMID: 12388281 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00448.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play an important role in the regulation of vascular reactivity and function. Conversion to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) by soluble epoxide hydrolases is thought to be the major pathway of EET metabolism in mammalian vascular cells. However, when human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCEC) were incubated with (3)H-labeled 14,15-EET, chain-shortened epoxy fatty acids, rather than DHET, were the most abundant metabolites. After 4 h of incubation, 23% of the total radioactivity remaining in the medium was converted to 10,11-epoxy-hexadecadienoic acid (16:2), a product formed from 14,15-EET by two cycles of beta-oxidation, whereas only 15% was present as 14,15-DHET. Although abundantly present in the medium, 10,11-epoxy-16:2 was not detected in the cell lipids. Exogenously applied (3)H-labeled 10,11-epoxy-16:2 was neither metabolized nor retained in the cells, suggesting that 10,11-epoxy-16:2 is a major product of 14,15-EET metabolism in HCEC. 10,11-Epoxy-16:2 produced potent dilation in coronary microvessels. 10,11-Epoxy-16:2 also potently inhibited tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced production of IL-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, by HCEC. These findings implicate beta-oxidation as a major pathway of 14,15-EET metabolism in HCEC and provide the first evidence that EET-derived chain-shortened epoxy fatty acids are biologically active.
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MESH Headings
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/chemistry
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Coronary Vessels/cytology
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/physiology
- Culture Media, Conditioned/chemistry
- Endothelium, Vascular/chemistry
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Epoxy Compounds/chemistry
- Epoxy Compounds/metabolism
- Epoxy Compounds/pharmacology
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/biosynthesis
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/chemistry
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology
- Humans
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- Mass Spectrometry
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Vasodilator Agents/metabolism
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
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20
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Schermuly RT, Schulz A, Ghofrani HA, Meidow A, Rose F, Roehl A, Weissmann N, Hildebrand M, Kurz J, Grimminger F, Walmrath D, Seeger W. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of infused versus inhaled iloprost in isolated rabbit lungs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303:741-5. [PMID: 12388660 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.303.2.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Iloprost is a potent prostacyclin analog, which has been shown to exert beneficial effects in several vascular disorders. Inhalation of aerosolized iloprost was found to cause selective pulmonary vasodilatation, and this approach is under current investigation for treatment of chronic pulmonary hypertension. The present study investigated pharmacokinetics and metabolism of aerosolized iloprost in isolated buffer-perfused rabbit lungs, compared with intravascular administration of the prostanoid. After buffer admixture of iloprost, a steady decline of perfusate concentrations of the intact prostanoid was noted (half-life approximately 3.5 h), mostly attributable to progressive metabolism to dinor- and tetranoriloprost. Inhaled iloprost rapidly entered the intravascular compartment, with peak buffer concentrations being noted after 30 min (bioavailability approximately 63%). Compared with infused iloprost, significantly more rapid metabolism to dinor- and tetranoriloprost was noted for iloprost administered via the inhalative route of application. However, the percentage of the nebulized agent that enters the intravascular space as intact iloprost displays the same clearance rate as directly perfusate-admixed prostanoid. We conclude that a high percentage of inhaled iloprost rapidly enters the intravascular compartment in intact rabbit lungs. The lung is capable of metabolizing iloprost via beta-oxidation, and more rapid appearance of dinor- and tetranoriloprost is noted for the inhalative as compared with the intravascular route of iloprost administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 36, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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21
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Natarajan R, Reddy MA, Malik KU, Fatima S, Khan BV. Signaling mechanisms of nuclear factor-kappab-mediated activation of inflammatory genes by 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21:1408-13. [PMID: 11557664 DOI: 10.1161/hq0901.095278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. LDL oxidation may be mediated by several factors, including cellular lipoxygenases. The lipoxygenase product of linoleic acid, 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE), is a significant component of oxidized LDL and has been shown to be present in atherosclerotic lesions. However, the mechanism of action of these oxidized lipids in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is not clear. In the present study, we show that 13-HPODE leads to the activation of Ras as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38, and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, in porcine VSMCs. 13-HPODE also specifically activated the oxidant stress-responsive transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB, but not activator protein-1 or activator protein-2. 13-HPODE-induced nuclear factor-kappaB DNA binding activity was blocked by an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, as well as an inhibitor of protein kinase C. 13-HPODE, but not the hydroxy product, 13-(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, also dose-dependently increased vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 promoter activation. This was inhibited by an antioxidant as well as by inhibitors of Ras p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase C. Our results suggest that oxidized lipid components of oxidized LDL, such as 13-HPODE, may play a key role in the atherogenic process by inducing the transcriptional regulation of inflammatory genes in VSMCs via the activation of key signaling kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Natarajan
- Gonda Diabetes Center, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.
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22
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Fang X, Kaduce TL, Weintraub NL, Harmon S, Teesch LM, Morisseau C, Thompson DA, Hammock BD, Spector AA. Pathways of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid metabolism in endothelial cells. Implications for the vascular effects of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:14867-74. [PMID: 11278979 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011761200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are products of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase that possess important vasodilating and anti-inflammatory properties. EETs are converted to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in mammalian tissues, and inhibition of sEH has been proposed as a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension. We observed that sEH is present in porcine coronary endothelial cells (PCEC), and we found that low concentrations of N,N'-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), a selective sEH inhibitor, have profound effects on EET metabolism in PCEC cultures. Treatment with 3 microM DCU reduced cellular conversion of 14,15-EET to 14,15-DHET by 3-fold after 4 h of incubation, with a concomitant increase in the formation of the novel beta-oxidation products 10,11-epoxy-16:2 and 8,9-epoxy-14:1. DCU also markedly enhanced the incorporation of 14,15-EET and its metabolites into PCEC lipids. The most abundant product in DCU-treated cells was 16,17-epoxy-22:3, the elongation product of 14,15-EET. Another novel metabolite, 14,15-epoxy-20:2, was present in DCU-treated cells. DCU also caused a 4-fold increase in release of 14,15-EET when the cells were stimulated with a calcium ionophore. Furthermore, DCU decreased the conversion of [3H]11,12-EET to 11,12-DHET, increased 11,12-EET retention in PCEC lipids, and produced an accumulation of the partial beta-oxidation product 7,8-epoxy-16:2 in the medium. These findings suggest that in addition to being metabolized by sEH, EETs are substrates for beta-oxidation and chain elongation in endothelial cells and that there is considerable interaction among the three pathways. The modulation of EET metabolism by DCU provides novel insight into the mechanisms by which pharmacological or molecular inhibition of sEH effectively treats hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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23
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Greene JF, Williamson KC, Newman JW, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Metabolism of monoepoxides of methyl linoleate: bioactivation and detoxification. Arch Biochem Biophys 2000; 376:420-32. [PMID: 10775430 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.2000.1753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Leukotoxin (ltx) and isoleukotoxin (iltx) methyl esters, are metabolites of methyl linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid. They have been associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The observed toxicity of ltx and iltx is, in fact, due to the metabolism of the epoxides to their corresponding diols by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Herein, we demonstrate that ltx/iltx are toxic in a time-dependent manner to human sEH expressing cells with a LT(50) of 10.6 +/- 0.8 h and that ltx and iltx have K(M) of 6.15 +/- 1.0 and 5. 17 +/- 0.56 microM, respectively, and V(max) of 2.67 +/- 0.04 and 1. 86 +/- 0.06 micromol/min/mg, respectively, which can be inhibited by sEH inhibitors. We show that four major metabolites of ltx/iltx are formed in our system, including ltx/iltx free acid, ltxd/iltxd, free acid, and phosphotidylcholine and phosphotidylethanolamine containing the carboxylic acid forms of both ltx/iltx and ltxd/iltxd, but that the only metabolite associated with toxicity is the carboxylic acid form of ltxd/iltxd, suggesting the involvement of cellular esterases. We demonstrate that a serine esterase inhibitor provides some protection from the toxicity of epoxy fatty esters to sEH expressing cells as do intercellular free sulfhydryls, but that this protection is not due to glutathione conjugation. With these data, we have proposed an extension of the metabolic pathway for ltx/iltx in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Greene
- Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Fang X, Kaduce TL, VanRollins M, Weintraub NL, Spector AA. Conversion of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to chain-shortened epoxy fatty acids by human skin fibroblasts. J Lipid Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)32075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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