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Friedman J, Yoon C, Emery Tavernier R, Mason S, Neumark-Sztainer D. Associations of childhood maltreatment with binge eating and binge drinking in emerging adult women. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102217. [PMID: 37223561 PMCID: PMC10201826 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Binge drinking and binge eating are prevalent, frequently co-occurring, high-risk behaviors among emerging adult women, each with physical and psychological consequences. The mechanisms driving their co-occurrence are not well understood, though a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may increase the risk for both binge behaviors. Objective To assess the association between ACE subtypes and individual and co-occurring binge drinking and eating in emerging adult women. Participants and Setting A diverse sample of women participating in the population-based study EAT 2018: Eating and Activity over Time (N = 788; aged 18-30; 19% Asian, 22% Black, 19% Latino, and 36% White). Methods Multinomial logistic regression estimated associations among ACE subtypes (i.e., sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, household dysfunction), and binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence. Results are reported as predicted probabilities (PP) of each outcome. Results Over half of the sample (62%) reported at least one ACE. In models mutually adjusted for other ACEs, physical and emotional abuse showed the strongest associations with binge behaviors. Experiences of physical abuse had the strongest association with a ten-percentage point higher predicted probability of binge drinking (PP = 37%, 95% [CI 27-47%]) and seven-percentage point higher PP of co-occurring binge eating and drinking (PP = 12%, 95% CI [5-19%]). Emotional abuse had the strongest association with an 11-percentage point higher PP binge eating only (PP = 20%, 95% CI [11-29%]). Conclusions This study found childhood physical and emotional abuse to be particularly relevant risk factors for binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence among emerging adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.K. Friedman
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis Veterans Administration Heath Care System, Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C.Y. Yoon
- Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.L. Emery Tavernier
- Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - S.M. Mason
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D. Neumark-Sztainer
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Hitch AE, Brown JL, DiClemente RJ. Interpersonal abuse and alcohol use among African American young women: the mediating role of emotion dysregulation. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2023; 22:433-452. [PMID: 34339342 PMCID: PMC8807765 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2021.1952130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
African American women experience a high prevalence of alcohol-related consequences, and no studies have explicitly examined the associations among lifetime interpersonal abuse, emotion dysregulation, and alcohol-related outcomes during the critical period of young adulthood within this population. This study used baseline data from a sample of African American young women (N = 560) who use alcohol, aged 18 to 24, enrolled in an HIV prevention intervention trial to examine whether emotion dysregulation mediated the relation between lifetime history of abuse and problematic alcohol use. Further, we sought to examine whether there were potential differential levels of problematic alcohol use based on the number of abuse types experienced. Multiple regression analyses showed that exposure to two or more forms of abuse was associated with problematic alcohol use, β = .24, p < .001, and heavy alcohol consumption, β = .23, p < .001, whereas history of a single form was not. Indirect effects of both single and multiple forms of abuse on problematic alcohol use (95% confidence interval [CI] [.16, 1.02]; [.46, 1.64]) and heavy alcohol consumption (95% CI [.02, .26]; [.05, .45]) via emotion dysregulation severity were found. Abuse and emotion dysregulation were associated with frequency of alcohol use and binge drinking, but not typical amount consumed. Hazardous alcohol consumption was prevalent among this sample of African American young women who use alcohol. This study provides preliminary evidence that emotion dysregulation may be an important mechanism buttressing the association between lifetime history of interpersonal abuse and problematic alcohol use among African American young women who use alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E. Hitch
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 4150 Edwards One Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221
| | - Jennifer L. Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 4150 Edwards One Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45299, Cincinnati, OH
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45299
| | - Ralph J. DiClemente
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University, 715/719 Broadway, New York, NY, 10003
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Someshwar A, Holla B, Pansari Agarwal P, Thomas A, Jose A, Joseph B, Raju B, Karle H, Muthukumaran M, Kodancha PG, Kumar P, Reddy PV, Kumar Nadella R, Naik ST, Mitra S, Mallappagiri S, Sreeraj VS, Balachander S, Ganesh S, Murthy P, Benegal V, Reddy JY, Jain S, Mahadevan J, Viswanath B, Narayanaswamy JC, Sivakumar PT, Kandasamy A, Kesavan M, Mehta UM, Venkatasubramanian G, John JP, Mukherjee O, Purushottam M, Kannan R, Mehta B, Kandavel T, Binukumar B, Saini J, Jayarajan D, Shyamsundar A, Moirangthem S, Vijay Kumar KG, Thirthalli J, Chandra PS, Gangadhar BN, Panicker MM, Bhalla US, Chattarji S, Varghese M, Raghu P, Rao M. Adverse childhood experiences in families with multiple members diagnosed to have psychiatric illnesses. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:1086-1094. [PMID: 32538179 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420931157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse childhood experiences are linked to the development of a number of psychiatric illnesses in adulthood. Our study examined the pattern of adverse childhood experiences and their relation to the age of onset of major psychiatric conditions in individuals from families that had ⩾2 first-degree relatives with major psychiatric conditions (multiplex families), identified as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. METHODS Our sample consisted of 509 individuals from 215 families. Of these, 268 were affected, i.e., diagnosed with bipolar disorder (n = 61), obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 58), schizophrenia (n = 52), substance dependence (n = 59) or co-occurring diagnoses (n = 38), while 241 were at-risk first-degree relatives who were either unaffected (n = 210) or had other depressive or anxiety disorders (n = 31). All individuals were evaluated using the Adverse Childhood Experiences - International Questionnaire and total adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores were calculated. RESULTS It was seen that affected males, as a group, had the greatest adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores in our sample. A Cox mixed effects model fit by gender revealed that a higher total adverse childhood experiences severity score was associated with significantly increased risk for an earlier age of onset of psychiatric diagnoses in males. A similar model that evaluated the interaction of diagnosis revealed an earlier age of onset in obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance dependence, but not in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that adverse childhood experiences were associated with an earlier onset of major psychiatric conditions in men and individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance dependence. Ongoing longitudinal assessments in first-degree relatives from these families are expected to identify mechanisms underlying this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amala Someshwar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.,National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Bharath Holla
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Preeti Pansari Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anza Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anand Jose
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Birudu Raju
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Hariprasad Karle
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - M Muthukumaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Prabhath G Kodancha
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Preethi V Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Nadella
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanjay T Naik
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sayantanava Mitra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Mallappagiri
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vanteemar S Sreeraj
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Srinivas Balachander
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Suhas Ganesh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Pratima Murthy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vivek Benegal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Janardhan Yc Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Odacı H, Çelik ÇB. The Role of Traumatic Childhood Experiences in Predicting a Disposition to Risk-Taking and Aggression in Turkish University Students. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2020; 35:1998-2011. [PMID: 29294696 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517696862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not traumatic childhood experiences in childhood predict a disposition to risk-taking and aggression among university students. The participants consisted of 851 students: 477 (56.1%) females and 374 (43.9%) males attending various faculties at the Karadeniz Technical University in Turkey. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Adolescent Risk-Taking Scale, Aggression Questionnaire, and Personal Information Form were used for data collection. The analysis results revealed a positive correlation between traumatic experiences (physical, sexual, emotional maltreatment, and emotional neglect) and risk-taking and aggression. Physical and sexual abuse and gender are significant predictors of risk-taking. Physical abuse and gender are some of the predictors of aggression. Another finding from the study is that physical and emotional abuse and emotional neglect vary by gender. This study concludes that exposure to traumatic experiences in childhood prepares the foundation for negative behaviors in adulthood.
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Lipira L, Rao D, Nevin PE, Kemp CG, Cohn SE, Turan JM, Simoni JM, Andrasik MP, French AL, Unger JM, Heagerty P, Williams EC. Patterns of alcohol use and associated characteristics and HIV-related outcomes among a sample of African-American women living with HIV. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 206:107753. [PMID: 31785536 PMCID: PMC6980681 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use is common among people living with HIV and negatively impacts care and outcomes. African-American women living with HIV are subject to vulnerabilities that may increase risk for alcohol use and associated HIV-related outcomes. METHODS We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of an HIV-related stigma-reduction intervention among African-American women living with HIV in Chicago and Birmingham (2013-2015). Patterns of alcohol use [any use, unhealthy alcohol use (UAU), heavy episodic drinking (HED)] were measured using the AUDIT-C. We assessed demographic, social, and clinical characteristics which may influence alcohol use and HIV-related outcomes which may be influenced by patterns of alcohol use in bivariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS Among 220 African-American women living with HIV, 54 % reported any alcohol use, 24 % reported UAU, and 27 % reported HED. In bivariate analysis, greater depressive symptoms, lower religiosity, lower social support, marijuana, and crack/cocaine use were associated with patterns of alcohol use (p < 0.05). Marijuana and cocaine/crack use were associated with patterns of alcohol use in adjusted analysis (p < 0.05). In adjusted analysis, any alcohol use and HED were associated with lower likelihood of ART adherence (ARR = 0.72, 95 % CI: 0.53-0.97 and ARR = 0.65, 95 % CI: 0.44-0.96, respectively), and UAU was associated with lack of viral suppression (ARR = 0.78, 95 % CI: 0.63-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest any and unhealthy alcohol use is common and associated with poor HIV-related outcomes in this population. Regular alcohol screening and intervention should be offered, potentially targeted to subgroups (e.g., those with other substance use).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lipira
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Magnuson Health Sciences Center, Room H-680, Seattle, WA, 98195-7660, United States; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Harris Hydraulics Laboratory, Box 357965, Seattle, WA, 98195-7965, United States.
| | - Deepa Rao
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Harris Hydraulics Laboratory, Box 357965, Seattle, WA, 98195-7965, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356560, Room BB1644, Seattle, WA, 98195-6560, United States.
| | - Paul E. Nevin
- Department of Global Health University of Washington Harris Hydraulics Laboratory Box 357965 Seattle, Washington, 98195-7965
| | - Christopher G. Kemp
- Department of Global Health University of Washington Harris Hydraulics Laboratory Box 357965 Seattle, Washington, 98195-7965
| | - Susan E. Cohn
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine 645 North Michigan Avenue Suite 926 Chicago, Illinois, 60611
| | - Janet M. Turan
- Department of Health Care Organization and Policy School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham Ryals Public Health Building (RPHB) 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Alabama, 35294-0022
| | - Jane M. Simoni
- Department of Psychology University of Washington 119A Guthrie Hall, Box 351525 Seattle, Washington, 98195-1525
| | - Michele P. Andrasik
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutch 1100 Fairview Ave N. Mail Stop E5-110 Seattle, Washington, 98109
| | - Audrey L. French
- Stroger Hospital of Cook County Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center 2020 W. Harrison St Chicago, Illinois, 60612
| | - Joseph M. Unger
- Department of Health Services University of Washington 1959 NE Pacific St Magnuson Health Sciences Center, Room H-680 Seattle, Washington, 98195-7660,Public Health Sciences Division Fred Hutch 1100 Fairview Ave N. Mail Stop M3-C102 Seattle, Washington, 98109
| | - Patrick Heagerty
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Box 357232, Seattle, WA, 98195-7232, United States.
| | - Emily C. Williams
- Department of Health Services University of Washington 1959 NE Pacific St Magnuson Health Sciences Center, Room H-680 Seattle, Washington, 98195-7660,Seattle-Denver Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care VA Puget Sound Health Care System Health Services Research & Development 1660 S. Columbian Way (S-152) Seattle, Washington, 98108
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Badour CL, Bell SC, Clear ER, Bush HM, Coker AL. Sex Differences in Problem Alcohol Use in High School as a Function of Recent Sexual Violence Victimization or Perpetration. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2019; 35:633-646. [PMID: 32704204 PMCID: PMC7367897 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-019-00116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate sex differences in associations between sexual violence victimization (SVV), sexual violence perpetration (SVP), and binge drinking and/or alcohol problems among high school students. While SVV has been linked to problem alcohol use among young women, little research has addressed the unique associations of SVV and SVP on alcohol use/problems within both sexes. A cross-sectional analysis of 16,992 high school students' self-reports of past-year SVP and SVV was used where SVV/SVP was defined by three tactics (sexual coercion, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated sex, and physically forced sex). Alcohol measures included past-month binge drinking and past-year alcohol problems. Rates of SVV were twice as high in females (21.2% vs. 13.3%), and SVP rates were twice as high in males (10.9% vs. 5.2%). SVV and SVP were each associated with an increased rate of current binge drinking and problem alcohol use for both sexes, across increasing numbers of SV tactics and within each of three tactics. After controlling for demographic and other risk factors including SVP, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated SVV was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among females. SVP was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among males (adjusting for SVV and other covariates). No sex differences emerged in associations between coerced or physically forced SVV/SVP and alcohol-related outcomes. Both SVV and SVP are associated with an increased likelihood of binge drinking and alcohol problems for males and females. Important sex differences emerged when SV tactics are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christal L. Badour
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, College of Arts & Sciences, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Samuel C. Bell
- Office of Research Integrity, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Emily R. Clear
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536 USA
| | - Heather M. Bush
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536 USA
| | - Ann L. Coker
- Dept of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine,, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
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Kaag AM, Reneman L, Homberg J, van den Brink W, van Wingen GA. Enhanced Amygdala-Striatal Functional Connectivity during the Processing of Cocaine Cues in Male Cocaine Users with a History of Childhood Trauma. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29593581 PMCID: PMC5857536 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Childhood trauma is associated with increased levels of anxiety later in life, an increased risk for the development of substance use disorders, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the amygdala and frontostriatal circuitry. The aim of this study was to investigate the (neurobiological) link among childhood trauma, state anxiety, and amygdala-frontostriatal activity in response to cocaine cues in regular cocaine users. METHODS In this study, we included 59 non-treatment seeking regular cocaine users and 58 non-drug using controls. Blood oxygenation level-dependent responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging while subjects performed a cue reactivity paradigm with cocaine and neutral cues. Psychophysiological interaction analyses were applied to assess functional connectivity between the amygdala and other regions in the brain. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure childhood trauma, state anxiety, drug use, drug use severity, and craving. RESULTS Neural activation was increased during the presentation of cocaine cues, in a widespread network including the frontostriatal circuit and amygdala in cocaine users but not in controls. Functional coupling between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex was reduced in response to cocaine cues, in both cocaine users and controls, which was further diminished with increasing state anxiety. Importantly, amygdala-striatal connectivity was positively associated with childhood trauma in regular cocaine users, while there was a negative association in controls. At the behavioral level, state anxiety was positively associated with cocaine use severity and craving related to negative reinforcement. CONCLUSION Childhood trauma is associated with enhanced amygdala-striatal connectivity during cocaine cue reactivity in regular cocaine users, which may contribute to increased habit behavior and poorer cognitive control. While we cannot draw conclusions on causality, this study provides novel information on how childhood trauma may contribute to the development and persistence of cocaine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marije Kaag
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Departement of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Departement of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith Homberg
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wim van den Brink
- Departement of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guido A. van Wingen
- Departement of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Meng X, D’Arcy C. Gender moderates the relationship between childhood abuse and internalizing and substance use disorders later in life: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:401. [PMID: 27846829 PMCID: PMC5111209 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some studies examined the moderating role of gender in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental disorders later in life, a number of them examined the effects of only one or two types of maltreatment on an individual mental disorder, for instance, depression, substance use. It is of considerable clinical and theoretical importance to have in-depth understanding what roles of different types of childhood abuse play out in a wide range of mental disorders among women and men using well accepted instruments measuring abuse and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine this issue using a large nationally representative population sample to explore the gender effect of different types of childhood abuse in mental disorders, and assess the moderating role of gender in the abuse-mental disorder relationship. METHODS Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2012: Mental Health we sought to answer this question. Respondents with information on childhood maltreatment prior to age 16 were selected (N = 23, 395). RESULTS We found: i) strong associations between childhood abuse frequency and gender; ii) significant differences between men and women in terms of mental disorders; iii) strong associations between childhood abuse and mental disorders; and, iv) gender moderated the role of childhood abuse history on adulthood mental disorders. Females with a history of sexual abuse and/or exposure to interpersonal violence were at a greater risk of alcohol abuse or dependence later in life. CONCLUSIONS Intervention should occur as early as possible, and should help female victims of childhood sexual abuse and/or exposure to interpersonal violence, and their families to build more constructive ways to effectively reduce the negative affects of these experiences. Recognition of the moderating role of gender on the relationship between childhood abuse history and mental disorders later in life may aid clinicians and researchers in providing optimal health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 boul. LaSalle, Verdun, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Carl D’Arcy
- Department of Psychiatry & School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
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Long L, Ullman SE. Correlates of Problem Drinking and Drug Use in Black Sexual Assault Victims. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2015; 31:71-84. [PMID: 26646054 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-14-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined factors related to problem drinking and drug use in Black sexual assault victims. Given that sexual assault and histories of trauma are associated with substance abuse in victims, research is needed to determine what factors may be related to these outcomes for Black survivors. Furthermore, child sexual abuse (CSA) is a risk factor for substance abuse, but no studies have examined correlates of substance abuse outcomes separately according to CSA history. This study examines a large diverse sample of Black sexual assault victims (N = 495) to determine the associations of demographics, trauma history, assault characteristics, and postassault psychosocial factors with problem drinking and drug use using multivariate regressions. Traumatic life events, using substances to cope and self-blame, were associated with greater problem drinking and drug use. Implications for practitioners and policymakers are discussed.
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Carlson M, Oshri A, Kwon J. Child maltreatment and risk behaviors: The roles of callous/unemotional traits and conscientiousness. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2015; 50:234-43. [PMID: 26233813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment poses significant risk to the development of callous/unemotional traits as well as risk behaviors such as engaging in violence, having sex with strangers, and binge drinking. In the current study, the indirect pathway from child maltreatment to risk behaviors was examined via callous/unemotional traits; whereas the conscientious personality trait was tested as a moderator of this indirect pathway. Young adults and parents (N=361; Mage=19.14, SD=1.44) completed questionnaires on child maltreatment histories, callousness/unemotional traits, personality characteristics, and risk behaviors. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized direct, indirect and conditional indirect effects. Findings showed indirect links between the child maltreatment latent factor and physical fighting, having sex with strangers, and binge drinking via callous/unemotional traits. Furthermore, the conscientiousness personality type significantly buffered the connection between callous/unemotional traits and physical fighting, supporting a conditional indirect effects. Callous/unemotional traits are important factors in the underlying mechanism between child maltreatment and risk behaviors among young adults, and conscientiousness serves as a protective factor against violence. Preventive intervention programs and clinicians may benefit from focusing in addressing callous/unemotional traits among youth who report childhood maltreatment experiences as well as targeting conscientiousness as a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Carlson
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Josephine Kwon
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Klanecky AK, Woolman EO, Becker MM. Child abuse exposure, emotion regulation, and drinking refusal self-efficacy: an analysis of problem drinking in college students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2015; 41:188-96. [DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2014.998365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sorsdahl K, Stein DJ, Williams DR, Anthony J, Myers B. Childhood Punishment and Risk for Alcohol use Disorders: Data from South Africa. Int J Ment Health Addict 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-014-9516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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13
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Betancourt OA, Herrera MM. Alcohol and drug problems and sexual and physical abuse at three urban high schools in Mthatha. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2006.10873369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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14
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Matta Oshima KM, Jonson-Reid M, Seay KD. The influence of childhood sexual abuse on adolescent outcomes: the roles of gender, poverty, and revictimization. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2014; 23:367-86. [PMID: 24641766 PMCID: PMC4047823 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2014.896845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Research on child sexual abuse has focused on adult revictimization and outcomes. This article examines the rate of child maltreatment revictimization among male and female children reported to child protective services for child sexual abuse and whether revictimization impacts outcomes. Using longitudinal administrative data, Cox regressions were used to examine relationships between initial report of child sexual abuse, maltreatment revictimization, and adolescent outcomes among children from poor and nonpoor families. Despite no significant differences in child sexual abuse rates between poor and nonpoor families, poor child sexual abuse victims were significantly more likely to have re-reports for maltreatment. Children with multiple reports were more likely to have negative outcomes. Interventions for child sexual abuse survivors should focus on preventing maltreatment recurrence generally and not ignore needs of male victims.
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15
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Daisy NV, Hien DA. The Role of Dissociation in the Cycle of Violence. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2014; 29:99-107. [PMID: 24563582 PMCID: PMC3921463 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-013-9568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to examine the role of dissociation in the relationship between child maltreatment and intimate partner violence among 148 inner city women. It was proposed that dissociation would be a mediator in the relationship between child maltreatment and intimate partner perpetration. Overall, the hypothesis was supported. Findings revealed that women with a history of child maltreatment who experienced high levels of dissociation were more likely to be perpetrators of intimate partner violence than those with low levels of dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole V. Daisy
- Women’s Health Project, St. Luke’s/Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY USA
- Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY USA
- On Course Psychological Counseling, P.C., 165 N. Village Avenue, Suite 200, Rockville Centre, NY 11570 USA
| | - Denise A. Hien
- Women’s Health Project, St. Luke’s/Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY USA
- Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY USA
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16
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Dolan M, Whitworth H. Childhood sexual abuse, adult psychiatric morbidity, and criminal outcomes in women assessed by medium secure forensic service. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2013; 22:191-208. [PMID: 23428151 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2013.751951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is little literature on childhood sexual abuse in women seen by forensic services. A cohort of 225 cases of women seen by forensic services in a medium secure unit in the UK were examined, and childhood sexual abuse and non-childhood sexual abuse cases were compared. Over half the sample had a history of childhood sexual abuse, and 5.6% of this group were victims of a subsequent sexual assault in adulthood. The perpetrators were all male. The majority of intrafamilial cases resulted in victims being raised in environments outside the family home. Childhood sexual abuse was associated with later relationship, educational, and occupational difficulties. Significant associations were also seen with personality disorder, self-harm, and substance misuse. Treating services need to recognize the potential importance of childhood sexual abuse in their models of care given the complexity of the association between childhood sexual abuse and psychosocial needs and its impact on successful rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead Dolan
- Monash University, Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia.
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17
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Elwyn L, Smith C. Child Maltreatment and Adult Substance Abuse: The Role of Memory. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE IN THE ADDICTIONS 2013; 13:10.1080/1533256X.2013.814483. [PMID: 24319347 PMCID: PMC3852601 DOI: 10.1080/1533256x.2013.814483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment is a risk factor for substance abuse in adulthood. This study examines whether memory of maltreatment is a necessary link in the path leading from prospectively measured childhood maltreatment to adult substance use problems. Official Child Protective Services reports and adult retrospective recall of childhood maltreatment were used to predict illegal drug use and alcohol problems in adulthood controlling for covariates. Memory was a necessary link in the path between prospective reports of maltreatment and alcohol problems, and an important link in the path between prospective reports and illegal drug use. Implications for prevention and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elwyn
- Senior Research Associate/Analyst Advocates for Human Potential, Kerhonkson, New York USA
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18
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Abstract
Alcoholism and drug dependence are common psychiatric disorders with a heritability of about 50%; therefore genetic and environmental influences are equally important. Early-life stress is a predictor of adolescent problem drinking/drug use and alcohol/drug dependence in adulthood, but moderating factors governing the availability of alcohol/drug are important. The risk-resilience balance for addiction may be due in part to the interaction between genetic variation and environment stressors (G × E); this has been confirmed by twin studies of inferred genetic risk. Measured genotype studies to detect G × E effects have used a range of alcohol consumption and diagnostic phenotypes and stressors ranging from early-life to adulthood past year life events. In this article, the current state of the field is critically reviewed and suggestions are put forth for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Anne Enoch
- NIH/NIAAA/DICBR/LNG, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 3S32, MSC 9412, Bethesda, MD 20892-9412, USA.
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19
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Wilsnack SC, Kristjanson AF, Hughes TL, Benson PW. Characteristics of childhood sexual abuse in lesbians and heterosexual women. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2012; 36:260-5. [PMID: 22425697 PMCID: PMC3320670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
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20
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Gratz KL, Latzman RD, Tull MT, Reynolds EK, Lejuez CW. Exploring the association between emotional abuse and childhood borderline personality features: the moderating role of personality traits. Behav Ther 2011; 42:493-508. [PMID: 21658531 PMCID: PMC3496781 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Most of the extant literature on borderline personality disorder has focused on the course, consequences, and correlates of this disorder among adults. However, little is known about childhood borderline personality (BP) features, or the factors associated with the emergence of BP pathology in childhood. A greater understanding of childhood BP features and associated risk factors has important implications for the development of primary and secondary prevention programs. The goal of the present study was to examine the interrelationships among two BP-relevant traits (affective dysfunction and impulsivity), a BP-relevant environmental stressor (emotional abuse), and BP features in a sample of 225 children aged 11 to 14 years. Results provide support for the role of both trait vulnerabilities and environmental stressors in childhood BP features. Further, findings highlight the moderating role of affective dysfunction in the relationship between emotional abuse and childhood BP features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth K. Reynolds
- Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research and the University of Maryland
| | - C. W. Lejuez
- Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research and the University of Maryland
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21
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Bornovalova MA, Hicks BM, Patrick CJ, Iacono WG, McGue M. Development and validation of the Minnesota borderline personality disorder scale. Assessment 2011; 18:234-52. [PMID: 21467094 DOI: 10.1177/1073191111398320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although large epidemiological data sets can inform research on the etiology and development of borderline personality disorder (BPD), they rarely include BPD measures. In some cases, however, proxy measures can be constructed using instruments already in these data sets. In this study, the authors developed and validated a self-report measure of BPD from the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). Items for the new instrument-the Minnesota BPD scale (MBPD) -were identified and refined using three large samples: undergraduates, community adolescent twins, and urban substance users. The authors determined the construct validity of the MBPD scale by examining its association with (a) diagnosed BPD, (b) questionnaire-reported BPD symptoms, and (c) clinical variables associated with BPD: suicidality, trauma, disinhibition, internalizing distress, and substance use. The authors also tested the MBPD scale in two prison inmate samples. Across samples, the MBPD scores correlated with BPD indices and external criteria and showed incremental validity above measures of negative affect, thus supporting its construct validity as a measure of BPD.
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22
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Enoch MA. The role of early life stress as a predictor for alcohol and drug dependence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 214:17-31. [PMID: 20596857 PMCID: PMC3005022 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1916-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Genetic and environmental influences on the development of alcohol and drug dependence are equally important. Exposure to early life stress, that is unfortunately common in the general population, has been shown to predict a wide range of psychopathology, including addiction. OBJECTIVE This review will look at the characteristics of early life stress that may be specific predictors for adolescent and adult alcohol and drug dependence and will focus on studies in humans, non-human primates and rodents. RESULTS Experiencing maltreatment and cumulative stressful life events prior to puberty and particularly in the first few years of life is associated with early onset of problem drinking in adolescence and alcohol and drug dependence in early adulthood. Early life stress can result in permanent neurohormonal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis changes, morphological changes in the brain, and gene expression changes in the mesolimbic dopamine reward pathway, all of which are implicated in the development of addiction. However, a large proportion of children who have experienced even severe early life stress do not develop psychopathology indicating that mediating factors such as gene-environment interactions and family and peer relationships are important for resilience. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a direct pathway from chronic stress exposure in pre-pubertal children via adolescent problem drinking to alcohol and drug dependence in early adulthood. However, this route can be moderated by genetic and environmental factors. The role that gene-environment interactions play in the risk-resilience balance is being increasingly recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Anne Enoch
- NIH/NIAAA/DICBR/LNG, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 3S32, MSC 9412, Bethesda, MD 20892-9412, USA.
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23
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Cheng HG, Huang Y, Anthony JC. Childhood physical punishment and later alcohol drinking consequences: evidence from a Chinese context. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2011; 72:24-33. [PMID: 21138708 PMCID: PMC3001678 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to estimate a link between early physical punishment in childhood and later alcohol outcomes, taking family history of drinking problems into account, with epidemiological data from China. The yield from previous studies on this relationship is mixed evidence, largely traceable to research design variations, including model specifications that concern parental alcohol or other drug problems (AODPs) that might account for both earlier discipline practices and later drinking problems in the offspring. METHOD Data are from the World Mental Health Surveys-metropolitan China study, with cross-sectional representative sample surveys of adult household residents living in two metropolitan cities, Beijing and Shanghai. Participants in this general mental health survey were asked about early life experiences (e.g., parental AODP, childhood misbehavior), as well as their own drinking outcomes. Stratification was used to control for parental AODP. RESULTS Logistic regressions found robust associations linking childhood physical punishment with drinking outcomes, even with stratification for parental AODP and childhood misbehavior. CONCLUSIONS These results from a cross-sectional survey lay a foundation for future prospective and longitudinal research on possible causal relationships that link childhood physical punishment with later drinking outcomes in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui G. Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, B601 West Fee Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, B601 West Fee Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - James C. Anthony
- Department of Epidemiology, B601 West Fee Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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24
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Cheng HG, Anthony JC, Huang Y. Harsh physical punishment as a specific childhood adversity linked to adult drinking consequences: evidence from China. Addiction 2010; 105:2097-105. [PMID: 20854335 PMCID: PMC2975861 DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the current study is to estimate the association between childhood physical punishment (CPP) and level of alcohol use disorder (AUD), using two different approaches to take other childhood adversities into account. DESIGN AND SETTING Population survey using face-to-face interviews to a representative sample of non-institutionalized adult residents of Beijing and Shanghai, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5201 participants aged 18-70 years. MEASUREMENTS A version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used. Standardized assessments covered early life experiences of childhood physical punishment, other childhood adversities, parental drinking problems, childhood conduct problems and clinical features of AUD. FINDINGS A robust association linking CPP and level of AUD was found, holding other childhood adversities constant (probit coefficient = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.40, 1.00) via covariate terms in structural equations modeling. Furthermore, there was evidence that CPP might exert an additional influence on level of AUD over and above a generally noxious family environment (probit coefficient = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.38). CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a robust association between reports of harsh punishment in childhood and alcohol dependence in adulthood adjusting for a range of possible confounding factors. Whether the association is causal or whether both are related to a common underlying factor or recall bias needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui G. Cheng
- Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health (Peking University), Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, B601 West Fee Hall, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - James C. Anthony
- Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, B601 West Fee Hall, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health (Peking University)
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25
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Lown EA, Nayak MB, Korcha RA, Greenfield TK. Child physical and sexual abuse: a comprehensive look at alcohol consumption patterns, consequences, and dependence from the National Alcohol Survey. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2010; 35:317-25. [PMID: 21083668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has documented a relationship between child sexual abuse and alcohol dependence. This paper extends that work by providing a comprehensive description of past year and lifetime alcohol consumption patterns, consequences, and dependence among women reporting either physical and sexual abuse in a national sample. METHODS This study used survey data from 3,680 women who participated in the 2005 U.S. National Alcohol Survey. Information on physical and sexual child abuse and its characteristics were assessed in relation to 8 past year and lifetime alcohol consumption measures. RESULTS Child physical or sexual abuse was significantly associated with past year and lifetime alcohol consumption measures. In multivariate analyses, controlling for age, marital status, employment status, education, ethnicity, and parental alcoholism or problem drinking, women reporting child sexual abuse vs. no abuse were more likely to report past year heavy episodic drinking (OR(adj) = 1.7; 95% CI 1.0 to 2.9), alcohol dependence (OR(adj) = 7.2; 95% CI 3.2 to 16.5), and alcohol consequences (OR(adj) = 3.6; 95% CI 1.8 to 7.3). Sexual abuse (vs. no abuse) was associated with a greater number of past year drinks (124 vs. 74 drinks, respectively, p = 0.002). Sexual child abuse was also associated with lifetime alcohol-related consequences (OR(adj) = 3.5; 95% CI 2.6 to 4.8) and dependence (OR(adj) = 3.7; 95% CI 2.6 to 5.3). Physical child abuse was associated with 4 of 8 alcohol measures in multivariate models. Both physical and sexual child abuse were associated with getting into fights, health, legal, work, and family alcohol-related consequences. Alcohol-related consequences and dependence were more common for women reporting sexual abuse compared to physical abuse, 2 or more physical abuse perpetrators, nonparental and nonfamily physical abuse perpetrators, and women reporting injury related to the abuse. CONCLUSION Both child physical and sexual abuse were associated with many alcohol outcomes in adult women, even when controlling for parental alcohol problems. The study results point to the need to screen for and treat underlying issues related to child abuse, particularly in an alcohol treatment setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Anne Lown
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, California 94608, USA.
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26
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Moran-Santa Maria MM, McRae-Clark AL, Back SE, DeSantis SM, Baker NL, Spratt EG, Simpson AN, Brady KT. Influence of cocaine dependence and early life stress on pituitary-adrenal axis responses to CRH and the Trier social stressor. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010; 35:1492-500. [PMID: 20570051 PMCID: PMC2945624 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Long-term changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as a result of early life stress could be related to the development of substance use disorders during adulthood. In this study, the neuroendocrine, physiologic (HR), and subjective responses to corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST) in individuals with cocaine dependence, with (n=21)/without early life stress (n=21), non-dependent individuals with early life stress (n=22), and a control group were examined (n=21). CRH increased cortisol and ACTH levels in all groups. However, a significant effect of early life stress on ACTH was observed indicating that the increase in ACTH was greatest in subjects with a history of childhood stress. Post hoc analysis indicated the early life stress/non-cocaine dependent individuals exhibited significantly higher levels of ACTH as compared to the early life stress/cocaine-dependent group. Despite the elevated ACTH response there was no difference between the groups in the cortisol response to CRH. The TSST produced a significant elevation in ACTH and cortisol all study groups. No significant group differences were observed. The subjective stress and peak heart rate responses to the TSST were greatest in cocaine-dependent subjects without early life stress. In response to CRH, subjective stress and craving were positively correlated in cocaine-dependent subjects regardless of early life stress history, while stress and craving following the TSST were correlated only in cocaine-dependent subjects without a history of early life stress. Findings support previous studies demonstrating that subjects with a history of childhood adversity exhibit elevated ACTH and blunted cortisol levels in response to stress. In contrast, HR and subjective stress in response to the TSST were greatest in cocaine-dependent subjects without a history of early life stress, suggesting that childhood adversity may desensitize autonomic and subjective responding to social stress in adults with cocaine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Moran-Santa Maria
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Neuroscience Division, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
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27
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Monks SM, Tomaka J, Palacios R, Thompson SE. Sexual victimization in female and male college students: examining the roles of alcohol use, alcohol expectancies, and sexual sensation seeking. Subst Use Misuse 2010; 45:2258-80. [PMID: 20388010 DOI: 10.3109/10826081003694854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol and alcohol expectancies relate to sexual victimization. The present study examined these links in a sample of 407 predominantly Hispanic male and female college students, along the Mexico-US border. The study also examined the independent contribution of sexual sensation seeking to the prediction of victimization. Results showed that victimization was associated with alcohol risk, alcohol consumption-related problems, and positive alcohol expectancies. Importantly, sexual sensation seeking independently predicted victimization and did so after controlling for alcohol risk and expectancies. Our results suggest that associations among victimization, alcohol risk, and expectancies generalize to Hispanic women and men. The study's limitations are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stormy M Monks
- University of Texas at El Paso, Health Promotion, 1101 N Campbell, UTEP, El Paso, Texas 79902, USA
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28
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Nash DL, Wilkinson J, Paradis B, Kelley S, Naseem A, Grant KM. Trauma and substance use disorders in rural and urban veterans. J Rural Health 2010; 27:151-8. [PMID: 21457307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Disparities in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of multiple mental health conditions have been described between rural and urban populations. However, there is limited information regarding differences in exposure to trauma and trauma-related mental health conditions in these populations. Given the number of veterans who are returning to rural communities after serving in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom, differences in trauma exposure are of particular relevance. Trauma exposure is related to a variety of mental health disorders including substance use disorders (SUD). PURPOSE The objectives of this preliminary study were to describe lifetime military and nonmilitary trauma and to compare trauma history between rural and urban veterans in SUD treatment. METHODS Sixty adults in SUD treatment were enrolled at 3 Veterans Health Administration sites in Nebraska over a 3-month period in 2008. Subjects completed an interview with study staff, which assessed SUD diagnoses and childhood, lifetime, and military trauma. Rural or urban status was determined by self-report of childhood residence. Childhood trauma, lifetime trauma, and response to military trauma were compared between rural and urban veterans. FINDINGS Although there were no significant differences in trauma exposure between rural and urban groups, there was an association between specific types of trauma and measures typically associated with increased substance abuse severity and poorer SUD treatment outcome. CONCLUSION This is the first study, to our knowledge, which compared trauma exposure between rural and urban veterans and identified an association between childhood trauma exposure and multiple SUD treatment attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Nash
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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29
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Bornovalova MA, Levy R, Gratz KL, Lejuez CW. Understanding the heterogeneity of BPD symptoms through latent class analysis: initial results and clinical correlates among inner-city substance users. Psychol Assess 2010; 22:233-45. [PMID: 20528051 PMCID: PMC2883792 DOI: 10.1037/a0018493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated the heterogeneity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms in a sample of 382 inner-city, predominantly African American male substance users through the use of latent class analysis. A 4-class model was statistically preferred, with 1 class interpreted to be a baseline class, 1 class interpreted to be a high-BPD class, and 2 classes interpreted as intermediate classes. As a secondary goal, we examined the resulting BPD classes with respect to relevant clinical correlates, including temperamental vulnerabilities (affective instability, impulsivity, and interpersonal instability), childhood emotional abuse, drug choice, and co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders. The high-BPD class evidenced the highest levels of the temperamental vulnerabilities and environmental stressors, the baseline class evidenced the lowest levels, and the 2 intermediate classes fell in between. In addition, the high-BPD class had a higher probability of cocaine and alcohol dependence, as well as mood and anxiety disorders, than did the baseline class. Rates of alcohol use and mood disorders for the intermediate classes fell in between the high-BPD and the baseline classes. Results are discussed in relation to the current diagnostic conceptualization of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Bornovalova
- Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research, College Park, Maryland, USA.
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30
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Small J, Curran GM, Booth B. Barriers and facilitators for alcohol treatment for women: are there more or less for rural women? J Subst Abuse Treat 2010; 39:1-13. [PMID: 20381284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Among women at-risk for problems drinking, treatment seeking can be hindered by a complex array of issues such as a lack of transportation, social stigma, denial, fear of losing children, and reluctance of primary care physicians to refer women. This study describes the barriers/facilitators and need for treatment among a community sample of rural and urban women at-risk drinkers. Data for this study were assembled from the baseline sample of individuals who participated in a large probability sample of rural and urban at-risk drinkers (N = 733) from six Southern states: Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Men and women differed on perceived barriers/facilitators and need for alcohol treatment. Women differed from men on measures of treatment affordability, accessibility, acceptability and report of social support, illness severity, comorbidities, and demographic characteristics. Rural women differed from urban women on measures of treatment affordability and accessibility and report of illness severity and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon Small
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Psychiatric Research Institute-Division of Health Services Research, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
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31
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Tucci AM, Kerr-Corrêa F, Souza-Formigoni MLO. Childhood trauma in substance use disorder and depression: an analysis by gender among a Brazilian clinical sample. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2010; 34:95-104. [PMID: 20153055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we compared the frequency and intensity of childhood traumas in alcohol- or other drug-dependent patients, in patients with depression, and in a control group without psychiatric diagnoses. METHODS The study had a retrospective design of a clinical sample of men and women from the groups listed above. They were evaluated by the same standardized instrument: the "Childhood Trauma Questionnaire." RESULTS A higher frequency and intensity of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse were found in alcohol- and other drug-dependent patients than in patients with depression, who, in turn, presented significantly higher proportions than the control group. In all of the cases, the frequency was higher among women than men. CONCLUSION Because of the high frequency and intensity of childhood traumas among alcohol- or other drug-dependent patients and depressed patients, the assessment of problems due to childhood traumas among these patients is essential to a better understanding of the etiology of those disorders and to their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Tucci
- Departmento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
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Douglas KR, Chan G, Gelernter J, Arias AJ, Anton RF, Weiss RD, Brady K, Poling J, Farrer L, Kranzler HR. Adverse childhood events as risk factors for substance dependence: partial mediation by mood and anxiety disorders. Addict Behav 2010; 35:7-13. [PMID: 19720467 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Adverse childhood events (ACEs) are associated with negative health outcomes. We examined ACEs as risk factors for substance dependence (SD) and the mediating effects of mood and anxiety disorders on the relations between ACEs and SD risk. DESIGN We compared early life experiences in 2061 individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol, cocaine, or opioid dependence and 449 controls. MEASUREMENTS Diagnostic and ACE data were obtained using the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism. FINDINGS Childhood abuse or exposure to violent crime was positively related to the number of lifetime mood and anxiety disorders and to SD risk. Mood and anxiety disorders had their first onset a mean of nearly 3 years before the first SD diagnosis and partially mediated the effect of ACEs on SD risk. CONCLUSION ACEs appear to contribute additively to the risk of SD, with mood and anxiety disorders in the causal path for a portion of this risk. The identification and effective treatment of mood and anxiety disorders associated with ACEs could reduce the risk of developing SD.
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Kaukinen C, DeMaris A. Sexual Assault and Current Mental Health: The Role of Help-Seeking and Police Response. Violence Against Women 2009; 15:1331-57. [DOI: 10.1177/1077801209346713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examine the extent to which seeking help from social service agencies, family and friends, reporting to the police, or responses by the police might buffer or exacerbate the impact of sexual assault on mental health outcomes among sexual assault victims.The trend in many cases was for help-seeking and police response to exacerbate the impact of sexual assault victimization. With respect to depression, we found that the association of rape penetration was greater among those seeking help from social services and those reporting their victimization to the police. Although arresting the offender appears to be associated with higher levels of depression, it actually results in a lower probability of heavy episodic drinking.
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Bryant-Davis T, Chung H, Tillman S, Belcourt A. From the margins to the center: ethnic minority women and the mental health effects of sexual assault. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2009; 10:330-57. [PMID: 19578029 DOI: 10.1177/1524838009339755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The trauma of sexual assault is heightened for many women by the interlocking experience of societal traumas such as racism, sexism, and poverty. The mental health effects of sexual assault are mediated by race and ethnicity. The investigators explore the experiences of African American, Asian American, Latina, and Native American female survivors of sexual assault. The sociohistorical context of intergenerational trauma in the lives of ethnic minorities is a part of the context for the contemporary experience of sexualized violence. Racial and ethnic dynamics related to sexual assault prevalence, mental health effects, and disclosure are examined. Literature related to cultural beliefs, community attitudes, and perceived social support in relation to sexualized violence are also reviewed. Finally, practice, research, and policy implications are discussed.
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Stockdale MS, Logan TK, Weston R. Sexual harassment and posttraumatic stress disorder: damages beyond prior abuse. LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2009; 33:405-418. [PMID: 19115099 DOI: 10.1007/s10979-008-9162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the extent to which harassment experiences correlate with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and whether diagnosable PTSD on the basis of sexual harassment occurs after accounting for prior PTSD, prior sexual abuse, and prior psychological dysfunction. The sample consisted of a two-wave panel of 445 women who had received a domestic violence protective order from a Kentucky court. Hierarchical linear and logistic analyses confirmed that sexual harassment experiences were significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms after controlling for an extensive set of trauma variables measured in both the baseline and follow up interviews. Our findings lend further evidence that claims of PTSD from sexual harassment may be credible even if claimants have been victims of other forms of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S Stockdale
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901-6502, USA.
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Martínez-Raga J, Keaney F, Marshall EJ, Ball D, Best D, Strang J. Positive or negative history of childhood sexual abuse among problem drinkers: relationship to substance use disorders and psychiatric co-morbidity. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/14659890110110356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hamelin C, Salomon C, Sitta R, Gueguen A, Cyr D, Lert F. Childhood sexual abuse and adult binge drinking among Kanak women in New Caledonia. Soc Sci Med 2009; 68:1247-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gratz KL, Tull MT, Baruch DE, Bornovalova MA, Lejuez CW. Factors associated with co-occurring borderline personality disorder among inner-city substance users: the roles of childhood maltreatment, negative affect intensity/reactivity, and emotion dysregulation. Compr Psychiatry 2008; 49:603-15. [PMID: 18970909 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Revised: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) among individuals with substance use disorders is a common and clinically relevant phenomenon in need of further empirical investigation. The present study adds to the extant literature on the factors associated with co-occurring BPD among substance users, examining the relationships between childhood maltreatment (in the form of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and emotional and physical neglect), negative affect intensity/reactivity, emotion dysregulation, and BPD pathology (both diagnostic status and symptom count) among a sample of 76 inner-city treatment-seeking substance users. Emotion dysregulation was expected to mediate the relationships between childhood maltreatment and negative affect intensity/reactivity (and their interaction) and BPD pathology. Results indicate that the presence of a BPD diagnosis was associated with higher levels of both childhood maltreatment and negative affect intensity/reactivity. However, only childhood maltreatment emerged as a unique predictor of BPD diagnostic status. Conversely, both childhood maltreatment and negative affect intensity/reactivity accounted for unique variance in the number of endorsed BPD symptoms. Moreover, emotion dysregulation fully mediated the relationships between maltreatment and negative affect intensity/reactivity and BPD symptom count, as well as the relationship between emotional abuse in particular and BPD diagnostic status. Contrary to hypotheses, results provided no support for the interaction between maltreatment and negative affect intensity/reactivity in the prediction of BPD pathology (diagnosis or symptom count), above and beyond the main effects of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L Gratz
- Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research and the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Engstrom M, El-Bassel N, Go H, Gilbert L. Childhood Sexual Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence among Women in Methadone Treatment: A Direct or Mediated Relationship? JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2008; 23:605-617. [PMID: 34177099 PMCID: PMC8232900 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-008-9183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Women in substance use treatment report rates of childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence that far exceed those reported by women in the general population. Previous research with nonrandom samples of women in substance use treatment suggests that there is a statistically significant relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence; however, little is known about the mechanisms of risk between these two public health concerns among this population of women. To address this gap in knowledge and to inform intervention strategies, this study examined direct and mediated relationships between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence risk among a random sample of 416 women in methadone treatment. In addition to high rates of childhood sexual abuse (57.9%), intimate partner violence (lifetime prevalence, 89.7%; 6-month prevalence, 78.4%), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 28.6%), and global psychological distress (19.5%), findings suggest that the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence is mediated by mental health problems and that women experiencing PTSD or global psychological distress are 2.7 and 2.4 times more likely to experience intimate partner violence than women without such experiences, respectively. Although not a mediator in this relationship, financial independence reduced women's risk of partner violence by two-thirds. The paper includes discussion of social learning and stress and coping theories to explicate the findings and to inform intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malitta Engstrom
- School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, 969 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nabila El-Bassel
- Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Louisa Gilbert
- Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA
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40
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41
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Bornovalova MA, Gratz KL, Daughters SB, Nick B, Delany-Brumsey A, Lynch TR, Kosson D, Lejuez CW. A multimodal assessment of the relationship between emotion dysregulation and borderline personality disorder among inner-city substance users in residential treatment. J Psychiatr Res 2008; 42:717-26. [PMID: 17868698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The concept of emotion dysregulation has been integrated into theory and treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD), despite limited empirical support. Expanding upon existing research on the relationship between emotion dysregulation and BPD, the present study utilized a multimodal approach to the assessment of emotion dysregulation (including two behavioral measures of the willingness to tolerate emotional distress, and a self-report measure of emotion dysregulation broadly defined) to examine the relationship between emotion dysregulation and BPD among inner-city substance users in residential treatment (n=76, with 25 meeting criteria for BPD). Results provide laboratory-based evidence for heightened emotion dysregulation in BPD, extending extant research on BPD to underserved clinical populations. Specifically, the presence of a BPD diagnosis among a sample of inner-city inpatient substance users was associated with both higher scores on the self-report measure of emotion dysregulation and less willingness to tolerate emotional distress on the behavioral measures of emotion dysregulation. Moreover, both self-report and behavioral measures of emotion dysregulation accounted for unique variance in BPD status, suggesting the importance of utilizing comprehensive assessments of emotion dysregulation within studies of BPD. Findings suggest the need to further explore the role of emotion dysregulation in the development and maintenance of BPD among inner-city substance users in residential treatment.
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Timko C, Sutkowi A, Pavao J, Kimerling R. Women's childhood and adult adverse experiences, mental health, and binge drinking: the California Women's Health Survey. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2008; 3:15. [PMID: 18538028 PMCID: PMC2447829 DOI: 10.1186/1747-597x-3-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined sociodemographic, physical and mental health, and adult and childhood adverse experiences associated with binge drinking in a representative sample of women in the State of California. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were from the 2003 to 2004 (response rates of 72% and 74%, respectively) California Women's Health Survey (CWHS), a population-based, random-digit-dial annual probability survey sponsored by the California Department of Health Services. The sample was 6,942 women aged 18 years or older. RESULTS The prevalence of binge drinking was 9.3%. Poor physical health, and poorer mental health (i.e., symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression, feeling overwhelmed by stress), were associated with binge drinking when demographics were controlled, as were adverse experiences in adulthood (intimate partner violence, having been physically or sexually assaulted, or having experienced the death of someone close) and in childhood (living with someone abusing substances or mentally ill, or with a mother vicimized by violence, or having been physically or sexually assaulted). When adult mental health and adverse experiences were also controlled, having lived as a child with someone who abused substances or was mentally ill was associated with binge drinking. Associations between childhood adverse experiences and binge drinking could not be explained by women's poorer mental health status in adulthood. CONCLUSION Identifying characteristics of women who engage in binge drinking is a key step in prevention and intervention efforts. Binge drinking programs should consider comprehensive approaches that address women's mental health symptoms as well as circumstances in the childhood home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Timko
- Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anne Sutkowi
- Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Joanne Pavao
- National Center for PTSD, VA Health Care System, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Rachel Kimerling
- Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Health Care System, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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Abrams GB, Etkind P, Burke MC, Cram V. Sexual Violence and Subsequent Risk of Sexually Transmitted Disease Among Incarcerated Women. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1078345807313797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Baral Abrams
- School of Social Work, Boston University
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Paul Etkind
- Division of STD Prevention, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston
- Division of Public Health and Community Services, City of Nashua, New Hampshire
| | - M. Christine Burke
- Division of STD Prevention, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston
| | - Virginia Cram
- Division of STD Prevention, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston
- Commonwealth Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
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Gratz KL, Bornovalova MA, Delany-Brumsey A, Nick B, Lejuez CW. A laboratory-based study of the relationship between childhood abuse and experiential avoidance among inner-city substance users: the role of emotional nonacceptance. Behav Ther 2007; 38:256-68. [PMID: 17697851 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the theorized centrality of experiential avoidance in abuse-related psychopathology, empirical examinations of the relationship between childhood abuse and experiential avoidance remain limited. The present study adds to the extant literature on this relationship, providing a laboratory-based investigation of the relationships between childhood sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, experiential avoidance (indexed as unwillingness to persist on 2 psychologically distressing laboratory tasks), and self-reported emotional nonacceptance among a sample of 76 inner-city treatment-seeking substance users. As hypothesized, results provide evidence for heightened experiential avoidance and emotional nonacceptance among individuals with moderate-severe sexual, physical, and emotional abuse (compared to individuals reporting none-low abuse). However, although emotional nonacceptance was associated with increased risk for experiential avoidance, it mediated the relationship between childhood abuse and experiential avoidance only for emotional abuse. As such, results suggest that one mechanism through which emotional abuse in particular leads to experiential avoidance is emotional nonacceptance. Findings suggest the utility of interventions aimed at decreasing experiential avoidance and promoting emotional acceptance among abused individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L Gratz
- Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research and Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Braitstein P, Asselin JJ, Schilder A, Miller ML, Laliberté N, Schechter MT, Hogg RS. Sexual violence among two populations of men at high risk of HIV infection. AIDS Care 2007; 18:681-9. [PMID: 16971275 DOI: 10.1080/13548500500294385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to compare the prevalence of, and relationship between, age at first experience of sexual violence and HIV and other health risk behaviors in two populations of men at high risk of HIV infection. Data were drawn from two cohorts: Vanguard, a prospective study of young men who have sex with men (MSM), and VIDUS, the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. Controlling for fixed sociodemographics, multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between age at first sexual violence (vs. never experiencing it) and several health risk behaviors. There were 140/498 (28%) MSM from Vanguard and 173/932 (19%) injection drug users (IDU) from VIDUS who reported having experienced sexual violence. Among VIDUS men, 130/852 (15%) IDU-only and 43/80 (54%) who were both IDU and MSM reported a history of sexual violence. The prevalence of child sexual abuse was 13% in Vanguard MSM, and 11% among VIDUS IDU-only, but 26% among VIDUS MSM/IDU. The median age of onset was significantly lower among VIDUS IDU-only compared to the two other groups. Experiencing sexual violence first in childhood was strongly related to ever being in the sex trade in both IDU and MSM. MSM in Vanguard who experienced sexual violence in childhood were more likely to have attempted suicide, and have a diagnosed mood disorder. Non-MSM IDU in VIDUS who experienced sexual violence in childhood were more likely to have a diagnosed mental illness, to binge on alcohol, and to have ever accidentally overdosed. In conclusion, men who have ever had sex with men appear to have a higher lifetime prevalence of sexual violence, compared to non-MSM injection drug users. Sexual violence is differentially associated with different health risk behaviors, depending on the age at first occurrence and the primary HIV risk factor (i.e. MSM vs. IDU).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Braitstein
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
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48
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Shaw BA. Lack of emotional support from parents early in life and alcohol abuse later in life. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2006; 63:49-72. [PMID: 16986650 DOI: 10.2190/0v1l-0x1c-nb3d-v6a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the association between lacking emotional support from parents early in life and adult alcohol abuse. A series of logistic regression models were run with data collected from a nationally representative sample of over 2500 adults ages 25-74. The findings reveal a linear relationship between level of deficiency in early maternal support and odds of alcohol abuse during adulthood, with even moderate deficiencies being associated with elevated risk. Further examination suggests that this association persists throughout adulthood. This association does not appear to be explained by the early initiation of alcohol use, but poor psychological well-being during adulthood does account for a large portion of this association. These findings expand our understanding of the risks associated with poor parental support during childhood, and underscore the importance of adopting a life course perspective in studying the social determinants of alcohol problems among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Shaw
- Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavior, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144-3456, USA.
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Amodeo M, Griffin ML, Fassler IR, Clay CM, Ellis MA. Childhood sexual abuse among Black women and White women from two-parent families. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2006; 11:237-46. [PMID: 16816321 DOI: 10.1177/1077559506289186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Differences in childhood sexual abuse (CSA) between Black women and White women are explored in a community sample of 290 women raised in two-parent families.A self-administered questionnaire and a face-to-face interview assessed CSA characteristics, aftermath, and prevalence as well as family structure and other childhood variables. Siblings served as collateral informants for the occurrence of CSA. Overall, comparisons of the nature, severity, and aftermath of CSA showed similarities by race; some differences, for example, in age of onset, are potentially relevant for the planning of prevention programs. Logistic regression models examined effects of childhood variables on CSA prevalence. Initial analyses showed a higher CSA prevalence among Black women (34.1% [45] of Black women vs. 22.8% [36] of White women) that was attenuated when family structure (e.g., living with two biological parents throughout childhood or not) and social class were considered. Of interest, differences in family structure remained important even among these two-parent families. Understanding the dynamics of abuse by race and family structure will facilitate the design of more targeted CSA prevention programs.
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Chuang CH, Liebschutz JM, Horton NJ, Samet JH. Association of violence victimization with inconsistent condom use in HIV-infected persons. AIDS Behav 2006; 10:201-7. [PMID: 16609828 PMCID: PMC4854518 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-005-9046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The association of violence victimization with current condom use in HIV-infected persons was examined in this cross-sectional study. The HIV-Alcohol Longitudinal Cohort (HIV-ALC) recruited HIV-infected participants with a history of alcohol problems. Interviews assessed violence histories and current sexual behaviors. Of the 349 participants (79% men), 38% reported inconsistent condom use and 80% reported a violence history. Lifetime sexual violence was reported by 40% and lifetime physical violence (without sexual violence) by 40%. Participants reporting lifetime sexual violence had greater odds of inconsistent condom use than participants without any history of violence. A history of childhood sexual violence was also associated with greater odds of inconsistent condom use than participants without a history of childhood sexual violence. A history of sexual violence may in part explain HIV-infected persons' greater risk for transmitting HIV through high-risk sexual behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia H Chuang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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