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Zhi S, Zhang L, Cheng W, Jin Y, Long Z, Gu W, Ma L, Zhang S, Lin J. Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Nutrients 2024; 16:2618. [PMID: 39203755 PMCID: PMC11357208 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Diet holds a pivotal position in exacerbating or ameliorating chronic inflammation, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). However, no study has explored the association between dietary inflammatory potential and HG. This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between following a pro-inflammatory diet and the likelihood of developing HG. (2) Methods: A total of 2033 Chinese pregnant women (mean age: 31.3 ± 3.4 years) were included in this cross-sectional study from April 2021 to September 2022 as part of the China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS). Dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores with 23 food components were constructed through dietary intakes collected via a reliable 108-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. HG was defined as a pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis (PUQE) score ≥13 points, severe nausea and vomiting leading to weight loss ≥5%, or being hospitalized for treatment due to the disease. The relationship between DII and HG was conducted utilizing binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression. (3) Results: Overall, 8.2% (n = 167) of study participants had HG. The DII scores ranged from -4.04 to 3.82. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals with the highest tertile of DII score had a higher risk of HG (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.62, Ptrend = 0.032). Such an association was stronger in those with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (Pinteraction = 0.018). (4) Conclusions: A higher DII score, which serves as a marker for a diet promoting inflammation, is correlated with an elevated risk of developing HG. This finding suggests that dietary recommendations for HG should focus on minimizing the DII through incorporating foods abundant in anti-inflammatory components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Zhi
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Zhaoqing Long
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Shunming Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (S.Z.); (L.Z.); (W.C.); (Y.J.); (Z.L.); (L.M.)
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, China
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Alonso Bello CD, González Guzmán OP, Moncayo Coello CV, Rojo Gutiérrez MI, Castrejón Vázquez MI. Diagnostic tests for progestogen hypersensitivity. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1384140. [PMID: 38720769 PMCID: PMC11076683 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1384140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Progesterone is an endogenous hormone, produced by the adrenal cortex, the gonads and in women, its source is the corpus luteum. Progesterone is produced in the late phase of the menstrual cycle, when implantation of the zygote does not occur, the corpus luteum involutes and the release of progesterone is suppressed, thus initiating menstruation. Progestogen Hypersensitivity were initially identified as hormone allergy and were related to endogenous reactions to hormones and alteration of ovarian function. Skin manifestations such as dermatitis or urticaria were initially reported and described as progesterone autoimmune dermatitis, although the immune-mediated mechanism was not clear. Currently there is no standardization for in vivo or in vitro tests for Progestogen Hypersensitivity diagnosis. In this review, we will address the different diagnostic methods of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Otto Pavel González Guzmán
- Spine Rehabilitation Service and Osteoporosis Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - María Isabel Castrejón Vázquez
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Service, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
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Mészáros B, Veres DS, Nagyistók L, Kovács BG, Kukor Z, Valent S. A meta-analysis on first-trimester blood count parameters-is the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio a potentially novel method for first-trimester preeclampsia screening? Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1336764. [PMID: 38633299 PMCID: PMC11021791 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1336764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Meta-analysis focusing on the role of first-trimester neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prediction of preeclampsia. Data sources PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were queried from inception up to December 31, 2022. Study eligibility criteria The study included all types of original research that was conducted in humans and values of NLR were measured during the first trimester, among patients who later developed preeclampsia, compared to the values of control groups. Study appraisal and synthesis methods Two reviewers independently performed data abstraction and quality appraisal, and disagreements were resolved by consensus and, if necessary, by the opinion of a third reviewer. During the analysis, PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. All statistical analyses were made with R. Results For the research on the predictive role of NLR values in the first trimester for preeclampsia, a total of 6 studies were selected for analysis, covering 2,469 patients. The meta-analysis revealed a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the effect size of 0.641 to 1.523, with a prediction interval of 0.027 to 2.137. Conclusion Based on the analysis, NLR is a promising biochemical marker for future pieces of research that try to find new screening methods for first-trimester preeclampsia. We encourage other researchers to examine NLR's predictive value combined with other markers in preeclampsia screening, this way being able to find new and affordable protocols for first-trimester preeclampsia screening. Systematic review registration identifier CRD42023392663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Mészáros
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel S. Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Nagyistók
- Dél-Pest Centrum Hospital National Hematology and Infectious Diseases Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence G. Kovács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kukor
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Valent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Zhou J, Tong J, Ru X, Teng Y, Geng M, Yan S, Tao F, Huang K. Placental inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression and preschool children's cognitive performance: a birth cohort study in China. BMC Med 2023; 21:449. [PMID: 37981714 PMCID: PMC10658981 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunologic milieu at the maternal-fetal interface has profound effects on propelling the development of the fetal brain. However, accessible epidemiological studies concerning the association between placental inflammatory cytokines and the intellectual development of offspring in humans are limited. Therefore, we explored the possible link between mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in placenta and preschoolers' cognitive performance. METHODS Study subjects were obtained from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (MABC). Placental samples were collected after delivery, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was utilized to measure the mRNA expression levels of IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4. Children's intellectual development was assessed at preschool age by using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV). Multiple linear regression and restricted cubic spline models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 1665 pairs of mother and child were included in the analysis. After adjusting for confounders and after correction for multiple comparisons, we observed that mRNA expression of IL-8 (β = - 0.53; 95% CI, - 0.92 to - 0.15), IL-6 (β = - 0.58; 95% CI, - 0.97 to - 0.19), TNF-α (β = - 0.37; 95% CI, - 0.71 to - 0.02), and IFN-γ (β = - 0.31; 95% CI, - 0.61 to - 0.03) in the placenta was negatively associated with preschoolers' full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ). Both higher IL-8 and IL-6 were associated with lower children's low fluid reasoning index (FRI), and higher IFN-γ was associated with lower children's working memory index (WMI). After further adjusting for confounders and children's age at cognitive testing, the integrated index of six pro-inflammatory cytokines (index 2) was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with both the FSIQ and each sub-dimension (verbal comprehension index (VCI), visual spatial index (VSI), FRI, WMI, processing speed index (PSI)). Sex-stratified analyses showed that the association of IL-8, IFN-γ, and index 2 with children's cognitive development was mainly concentrated in boys. CONCLUSIONS Evidence of an association between low cognitive performance and high expression of placental inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) was found, highlighting the potential importance of intrauterine placental immune status in dissecting offspring cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixing Zhou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xue Ru
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuzhu Teng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Menglong Geng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuangqin Yan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma'anshan, No 24 Jiashan Road, Ma'anshan 243011, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province, China.
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Kosińska-Kaczyńska K, Rebizant B, Czeszko-Paprocka H, Bojdo A, Przybylski M, Chaberek K, Lewandowska A, Szymusik I, Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha R. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection at Delivery Increases IL-6 Concentration in Umbilical Cord Blood. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5672. [PMID: 37685739 PMCID: PMC10488671 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women may induce inflammation within the amniotic cavity and/or an increase in proinflammatory cytokines in fetal circulation. The aim was to investigate levels of IL-6 in maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, and amniotic fluid in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 at delivery. METHODS A single-center prospective observational case-control study of pregnant women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection at delivery was conducted. A total of 48 infected and 42 healthy women had IL-6 concentrations measured in their blood, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord blood. RESULTS The concentrations of IL-6 in maternal blood and amniotic fluid were similar in the study and control groups, while umbilical cord blood concentrations were significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2-positive women. The umbilical cord blood IL-6 concentration was related to composite neonatal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women at delivery increases umbilical cord blood IL-6 concentration. The correlation between maternal and umbilical blood concentrations indicates a possibility of passage of IL-6 through the placenta. Perinatal alterations resulting from maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection at delivery carry a risk of impacting the health of infants even in asymptomatic course of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Beata Rebizant
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Hanna Czeszko-Paprocka
- Central Analytical Laboratory, Warsaw Infectious Diseases Hospital, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agata Bojdo
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Maciej Przybylski
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Chaberek
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Agnieszka Lewandowska
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Iwona Szymusik
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
| | - Robert Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.B.); (K.C.); (A.L.); (I.S.); (R.B.-B.-S.)
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Vilotić A, Nacka-Aleksić M, Pirković A, Bojić-Trbojević Ž, Dekanski D, Jovanović Krivokuća M. IL-6 and IL-8: An Overview of Their Roles in Healthy and Pathological Pregnancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314574. [PMID: 36498901 PMCID: PMC9738067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acknowledged inflammatory cytokine with a pleiotropic action, mediating innate and adaptive immunity and multiple physiological processes, including protective and regenerative ones. IL-8 is a pro-inflammatory CXC chemokine with a primary function in attracting and activating neutrophils, but also implicated in a variety of other cellular processes. These two ILs are abundantly expressed at the feto-maternal interface over the course of a pregnancy and have been shown to participate in numerous pregnancy-related events. In this review, we summarize the literature data regarding their role in healthy and pathological pregnancies. The general information related to IL-6 and IL-8 functions is followed by an overview of their overall expression in cycling endometrium and at the feto-maternal interface. Further, we provide an overview of their involvement in pregnancy establishment and parturition. Finally, the implication of IL-6 and IL-8 in pregnancy-associated pathological conditions, such as pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and infection/inflammation is discussed.
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Rosini AM, Teixeira SC, Milian ICB, Silva RJ, de Souza G, Luz LC, Gomes AO, Mineo JR, Mineo TWP, Ferro EAV, Barbosa BF. LPS-mediated activation of TLR4 controls Toxoplasma gondii growth in human trophoblast cell (BeWo) and human villous explants in a dependent-manner of TRIF, MyD88, NF-κB and cytokines. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shojaei Z, Jafarpour R, Mehdizadeh S, Bayatipoor H, Pashangzadeh S, Motallebnezhad M. Functional prominence of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells in pregnancy and infertility: A comprehensive review and update. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154062. [PMID: 35987030 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, complicated connections are formed between a mother and a fetus. In a successful pregnancy, the maternal-fetal interface is affected by dynamic changes, and the fetus is protected against the mother's immune system. Natural killer (NK) cells are one of the immune system cells in the female reproductive system that play an essential role in the physiology of pregnancy. NK cells not only exist in peripheral blood (PB) but also can exist in the decidua. Studies have suggested multiple roles for these cells, including decidualization, control of trophoblast growth and invasion, embryo acceptance and maintenance by the mother, and facilitation of placental development during pregnancy. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are another group of NK cells that play a crucial role in the maintenance of pregnancy and regulation of the immune system during pregnancy. Studies show that NK and NKT cells are not only effective in maintaining pregnancy but also can be involved in infertility-related diseases. This review focuses on NK and NKT cells biology and provides a detailed description of the functions of these cells in implantation, placentation, and immune tolerance during pregnancy and their role in pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Shojaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Jafarpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saber Mehdizadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hashem Bayatipoor
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Pashangzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Placental Tissues as Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6751456. [PMID: 35496035 PMCID: PMC9050314 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6751456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Placental tissues encompass all the tissues which support fetal development, including the placenta, placental membrane, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid. Since the 1990s there has been renewed interest in the use of these tissues as a raw material for regenerative medicine applications. Placental tissues have been extensively studied for their potential contribution to tissue repair applications. Studies have attributed their efficacy in augmenting the healing process to the extracellular matrix scaffolds rich in collagens, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, as well as the presence of cytokines within the tissues that have been shown to stimulate re-epithelialization, promote angiogenesis, and aid in the reduction of inflammation and scarring. The compositions and properties of all birth tissues give them the potential to be valuable biomaterials for the development of new regenerative therapies. Herein, the development and compositions of each of these tissues are reviewed, with focus on the structural and signaling components that are relevant to medical applications. This review also explores current configurations and recent innovations in the use of placental tissues as biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
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Han J, Yoo I, Lee S, Cheon Y, Yun CH, Ka H. Interleukin-10 and Its Receptors at the Maternal-Conceptus Interface: Expression, Regulation, and Implication for Th2 Cytokine Predominance and Maternal Immune Tolerance in the Pig, a True Epitheliochorial Placentation Species†. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:1159-1174. [PMID: 35348632 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The appropriate balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is important for the maternal immune tolerance during pregnancy in mammals. Among the various cytokines, interleukin (IL)-10 (IL10) plays an essential role in anti-inflammatory responses, while IL12 is involved in pro-inflammatory responses during pregnancy. However, the roles of IL10 and IL12 in the endometrium during pregnancy have not been studied in pigs. Thus, we investigated the expression of IL10, IL12 (IL12A and IL12B) and their receptors (IL10RA, IL10RB, IL12RB1, and IL12RB2) at the maternal-conceptus interface. IL10, IL12, and their receptors were expressed in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in a pregnancy stage-specific manner. During pregnancy, IL10 expression increased on Day 15, whereas the expression of IL12A and IL12B decreased after the implantation period. IL10 protein was localized to luminal epithelial (LE), stromal cells, and macrophages; IL10RA protein to LE, endothelial, stromal, and T cells; and IL10RB mRNA to LE cells in the endometrium. IL10 and IL10RA proteins and IL10RB mRNA were also localized to chorionic epithelial (CE) cells. In endometrial explants, the expression of IL10RA and IL10RB was induced by estradiol-17β, IL-1β, and/or interferon-γ. Heme oxygenase 1, an IL10-inducible factor, was expressed in the endometrium with highest levels on Day 30 of pregnancy and was localized to LE and CE cells. These results in pigs suggest that conceptus-derived signals change the endometrial immune environment by regulating the expression of IL10 and IL10 receptors at the maternal-conceptus interface and that IL10 may provide anti-inflammatory conditions for the maternal immune tolerance. Summary Sentence: IL10 expression increases at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Han
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Yoo
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyung Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Yugyeong Cheon
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakhyun Ka
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
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Pantos K, Grigoriadis S, Maziotis E, Pistola K, Xystra P, Pantou A, Kokkali G, Pappas A, Lambropoulou M, Sfakianoudis K, Simopoulou M. The Role of Interleukins in Recurrent Implantation Failure: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2198. [PMID: 35216313 PMCID: PMC8875813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a multifactorial condition affecting 10-15% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) couples. Data suggest that functional dysregulation of the endometrial immune system constitutes one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms leading to RIF. The aim of this article is to provide a thorough presentation and evaluation of the role of interleukins (ILs) in the pathogenesis of RIF. A comprehensive literature screening was performed summarizing current evidence. During implantation, several classes of ILs are secreted by epithelial and stromal endometrial cells, including IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and the leukemia inhibitory factor. These ILs create a perplexing network that orchestrates both proliferation and maturation of uterine natural killer cells, controls the function of regulatory T and B cells inhibiting the secretion of antifetal antibodies, and supports trophoblast invasion and decidua formation. The existing data indicate associations between ILs and RIF. The extensive analysis performed herein concludes that the dysregulation of the ILs network indeed jeopardizes implantation leading to RIF. This review further proposes a mapping of future research on how to move forward from mere associations to robust molecular data that will allow an accurate profiling of ILs in turn enabling evidence-based consultancy and decision making when addressing RIF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Pantos
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (A.P.); (G.K.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Sokratis Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
| | - Evangelos Maziotis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
| | - Kalliopi Pistola
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
| | - Paraskevi Xystra
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
| | - Agni Pantou
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (A.P.); (G.K.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
| | - Georgia Kokkali
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (A.P.); (G.K.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Athanasios Pappas
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (A.P.); (G.K.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Sfakianoudis
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (A.P.); (G.K.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Mara Simopoulou
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (E.M.); (K.P.); (P.X.)
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Bendarska-Czerwińska A, Zmarzły N, Morawiec E, Panfil A, Bryś K, Czarniecka J, Ostenda A, Dziobek K, Sagan D, Boroń D, Michalski P, Pallazo-Michalska V, Grabarek BO. Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:970439. [PMID: 36733805 PMCID: PMC9887196 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.970439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that more and more couples suffer from fertility and pregnancy maintenance disorders. It is associated with impaired androgen secretion, which is influenced by many factors, ranging from genetic to environmental. It is also important to remember that fertility disorders can also result from abnormal anatomy of the reproductive male and female organ (congenital uterine anomalies - septate, unicornuate, bicornuate uterus; acquired defects of the uterus structure - fibroids, polyps, hypertrophy), disturbed hormonal cycle and obstruction of the fallopian tubes resulting from the presence of adhesions due to inflammation, endometriosis, and surgery, abnormal rhythm of menstrual bleeding, the abnormal concentration of hormones. There are many relationships between the endocrine organs, leading to a chain reaction when one of them fails to function properly. Conditions in which the immune system is involved, including infections and autoimmune diseases, also affect fertility. The form of treatment depends on infertility duration and the patient's age. It includes ovulation stimulation with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins, metformin use, and weight loss interventions. Since so many different factors affect fertility, it is important to correctly diagnose what is causing the problem and to modify the treatment regimen if necessary. This review describes disturbances in the hormone secretion of individual endocrine organs in the context of fertility and the maintenance of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- American Medical Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
| | - Emilia Morawiec
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agata Panfil
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Kamil Bryś
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Justyna Czarniecka
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | | | | | - Dorota Sagan
- Medical Center Dormed Medical SPA, Busko-Zdroj, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
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13
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Yamamoto M, Fukui A, Mai C, Saeki S, Takayama R, Wakimoto Y, Yamaya A, Kwak‐Kim J, Shibahara H. Evaluation of NKp46 expression and cytokine production of decidual NK cells in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12478. [PMID: 35847412 PMCID: PMC9275167 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose NKp46, a receptor on NK cells, is involved in cytotoxicity and cytokine production. The authors aimed to evaluate the effect of NKp46 on decidual NK (dNK) cells during pregnancy and whether it can be a marker for immunological abnormalities in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Methods Flow-cytometric analysis was made to assess NKp46 expression and intracellular cytokine production of dNK cells. The proportion of NKp46+ dNK cells was analyzed among RPL patients who aborted karyotypically normal pregnancies and those who either aborted karyotypically abnormal pregnancies or without genetic studies, and controls who were going through the induced abortion. Results The %NKp46+ and %NKp46bright dNK cells were significantly lower in the RPL women who aborted karyotypically normal pregnancies than in the control group. The %NKp46bright dNK cells were significantly correlated with the NK1/NK2 ratio of dNK cells. The %NKp46+ dNK cell cutoff for RPL with immunological abnormalities was determined by the ROC curve analysis. In women with the low %NKp46+ dNK, NK1/NK2 ratios were significantly higher than those with the high. Conclusion RPL patients with an immunological abnormality have decreased NKp46 expression and NK1 shift in dNK cells. NKp46 expression could be a marker for RPL of immunological abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Atsushi Fukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Chuxian Mai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Shinichiro Saeki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Ryu Takayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Yu Wakimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Ayano Yamaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
- Clinical Sciences Department, Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical SchoolRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceVernon HillsILUSA
| | - Joanne Kwak‐Kim
- Clinical Sciences Department, Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical SchoolRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceVernon HillsILUSA
| | - Hiroaki Shibahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
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14
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Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and interferon (IFN)-γ differentially regulate ICAM-1 expression and adhesion of Toxoplasma gondii to human trophoblast (BeWo) and uterine cervical (HeLa) cells. Acta Trop 2021; 224:106111. [PMID: 34450063 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite able to infect various cell types, including trophoblast cells. Studies have demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and interferon (IFN)-γ are involved in the susceptibility of BeWo trophoblast cells to T. gondii infection. Furthermore, T. gondii is able to adhere to the plasma membrane of host cells through intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the role of IL-10, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ in the expression of ICAM-1 in BeWo and HeLa cells and to analyze the role of ICAM-1 in the adhesion and invasion of T. gondii to these cells under the influence of these cytokines. For this purpose, BeWo and HeLa cells were treated or not, before and after T. gondii infection, with rIL-10, rTGF-β1 or rIFN-γ. For the BeWo cells, rIL-10 and rTGF-β1 favored susceptibility to infection, but only rTGF-β1 and rIFN-γ increased ICAM-1 expression, and TNF-α release. On the other hand, rIFN-γ downregulated the expression of ICAM-1 triggered by T. gondii in HeLa cells, leading to control of the infection. Moreover, we observed that upregulation of ICAM-1, mediated by cytokine's stimulation, in BeWo and HeLa cells resulted in a high number rate of both parasite adhesion and invasion to these cells, which were strongly reduced after ICAM-1 neutralization. Likewise, the blockage of ICAM-1 molecule also impaired T. gondii infection in human villous explants. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that TGF-β1 and IFN-γ differentially regulate ICAM-1 expression, which may interfere in the adhesion/invasion of T. gondii to BeWo and HeLa cells for modulating susceptibility to infection.
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Holm SR, Jenkins BJ, Cronin JG, Jones N, Thornton CA. A role for metabolism in determining neonatal immune function. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:1616-1628. [PMID: 34170575 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses of neonates differ markedly to those of adults, with skewed cytokine phenotypes, reduced inflammatory properties and drastically diminished memory function. Recent research efforts have started to unravel the role of cellular metabolism in determining immune cell fate and function. For studies in humans, much of the work on metabolic mechanisms underpinning innate and adaptive immune responses by different haematopoietic cell types is in adults. Studies investigating the contribution of metabolic adaptation in the unique setting of early life are just emerging, and much more work is needed to elucidate the contribution of metabolism to neonatal immune responses. Here, we discuss our current understanding of neonatal immune responses, examine some of the latest developments in neonatal immunometabolism and consider the possible role of altered metabolism to the distinctive immune phenotype of the neonate. Understanding the role of metabolism in regulating immune function at this critical stage in life has direct benefit for the child by affording opportunities to maximize immediate and long-term health. Additionally, gaining insight into the diversity of human immune function and naturally evolved immunometabolic strategies that modulate immune function could be harnessed for a wide range of opportunities including new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Holm
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Ben J Jenkins
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - James G Cronin
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Nicholas Jones
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Catherine A Thornton
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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16
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Biology and pathology of the uterine microenvironment and its natural killer cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2101-2113. [PMID: 34426671 PMCID: PMC8429689 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissues are the new frontier of discoveries in immunology. Cells of the immune system are an integral part of tissue physiology and immunity. Determining how immune cells inhabit, housekeep, and defend gut, lung, brain, liver, uterus, and other organs helps revealing the intimate details of tissue physiology and may offer new therapeutic targets to treat pathologies. The uterine microenvironment modulates the development and function of innate lymphoid cells [ILC, largely represented by natural killer (NK) cells], macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells. These immune cells, in turn, contribute to tissue homeostasis. Regulated by ovarian hormones, the human uterine mucosa (endometrium) undergoes ~400 monthly cycles of breakdown and regeneration from menarche to menopause, with its fibroblasts, glands, blood vessels, and immune cells remodeling the tissue into the transient decidua. Even more transformative changes occur upon blastocyst implantation. Before the placenta is formed, the endometrial glands feed the embryo by histiotrophic nutrition while the uterine spiral arteries are stripped of their endothelial layer and smooth muscle actin. This arterial remodeling is carried out by invading fetal trophoblast and maternal immune cells, chiefly uterine NK (uNK) cells, which also assist fetal growth. The transformed arteries no longer respond to maternal stimuli and meet the increasing demands of the growing fetus. This review focuses on how the everchanging uterine microenvironment affects uNK cells and how uNK cells regulate homeostasis of the decidua, placenta development, and fetal growth. Determining these pathways will help understand the causes of major pregnancy complications.
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The Role and Function of Regulatory T Cells in Toxoplasma gondii-Induced Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:8782672. [PMID: 34458378 PMCID: PMC8390175 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8782672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) during the pregnant period and its potentially miserable outcomes for the fetus, newborn, and even adult offspring continuously occur worldwide. People acquire infection through the consumption of infected and undercooked meat or contaminated food or water. T. gondii infection in pregnant women primarily during the gestation causes microcephaly, mental and psychomotor retardation, or death. Abnormal pregnancy outcomes are mainly associated with regulatory T cell (Treg) dysfunction. Tregs, a special subpopulation of T cells, function as a vital regulator in maintaining immune homeostasis. Tregs exert a critical effect on forming and maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance and promoting fetal development during the pregnancy period. Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), a significant functional factor of Tregs, determines the status of Tregs. In this review, we summarize the effects of T. gondii infection on host Tregs and its critical transcriptional factor, Foxp3.
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18
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Peng L, Chelariu-Raicu A, Ye Y, Ma Z, Yang H, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Rahmeh M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Prostaglandin E2 Receptor 4 (EP4) Affects Trophoblast Functions via Activating the cAMP-PKA-pCREB Signaling Pathway at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179134. [PMID: 34502044 PMCID: PMC8430623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantation consists of a complex process based on coordinated crosstalk between the endometrium and trophoblast. Furthermore, it is known that the microenvironment of this fetal–maternal interface plays an important role in the development of extravillous trophoblast cells. This is mainly due to the fact that tissues mediate embryonic signaling biologicals, among other molecules, prostaglandins. Prostaglandins influence tissue through several cell processes including differentiation, proliferation, and promotion of maternal immune tolerance. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential pathological mechanism of the prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) in modulating extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) in unexplained recurrent marriage (uRM). Our results indicated that the expression of EP4 in EVTs was decreased in women experiencing uRM. Furthermore, silencing of EP4 showed an inhibition of the proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, our results demonstrated reductions in β- human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and interleukin (IL)-6, which is likely a result from the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-phosphorylating CREB (pCREB) pathway. Our data might provide insight into the mechanisms of EP4 linked to trophoblast function. These findings help build a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of EP4 on the trophoblast at the fetal–maternal interface in the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering, Chongqing Reproductive and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, No. 64 Jin Tang Street, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Yao Ye
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Kongjiang Rd. 1665, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Zhi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Center of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany;
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The role of endothelial dysfunction and subclinical inflammation in the development of obstetric and perinatal complications in diabetes mellitus patients. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Xia X, Zhang X, Liu M, Duan M, Zhang S, Wei X, Liu X. Toward improved human health: efficacy of dietary selenium on immunity at the cellular level. Food Funct 2021; 12:976-989. [PMID: 33443499 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03067h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selenium, an essential trace element in the body, participates in various biological processes in the form of selenoproteins. In humans, a suitable concentration of selenium is essential for maintaining normal cellular function. Decreased levels of selenoproteins can lead to obstruction of the normal physiological functions of tissues and cells and even death. In addition, the level of selenium in the body affects cellular immunity, humoral immunity, and the balance between type 2 and type 1 helper T cells. Selenium can affect the immune function of the body through the reactive oxygen species (ROS), NF-κB, ferroptosis and NRF2 pathways. This paper reviews the immune effect of selenium on the body and the process of signal transduction and aims to serve as a reference for follow-up studies of immune function and research on the development of new selenium compounds and active targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Xiulin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Mingyuan Duan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Xiaobing Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Xingyou Liu
- Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
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21
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Mouihate A, Kalakh S. Maternal Interleukin-6 Hampers Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Offspring in a Sex-Dependent Manner. Dev Neurosci 2021; 43:106-115. [PMID: 34023825 DOI: 10.1159/000516370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy leads to long-lasting effects on brain development and function. Several lines of evidence suggest that the maternal inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 plays a crucial role in the long-lasting effects of MIA on adult offspring. IL-6 is naturally produced during pregnancy in the absence of any underlying immune activation. The objective of this study was to assess whether this naturally occurring IL-6 has long-lasting effects on brain plasticity and function. Therefore, pregnant rats were given either an IL-6-neutralizing antibody (IL-6Ab) or vehicle during the third week of pregnancy. Newly born (doublecortin) and mature neurons (NeuN) were monitored in the hippocampus of adult male and female offspring. Prenatal IL-6Ab led to an enhanced number of newly born and mature neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of male but not female adult offspring. This enhanced neurogenesis was associated with an increased propensity in memory acquisition in male offspring. Blunting the naturally occurring IL-6 during pregnancy did not have a significant long-lasting impact on astrocyte cell density (GFAP), or on anxiety-like behavior as assessed with elevated plus maze and open field tests. Taken together, these data suggest that maternal IL-6 contributes, at least in part, to the programming of the brain's development in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeslam Mouihate
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Samah Kalakh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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22
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Wang X, Yuan T, Yin N, Ma X, Yang Y, Yang J, Shaukat A, Deng G. Interferon-τ regulates the expression and function of bovine leukocyte antigen by downregulating bta-miR-204. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:594. [PMID: 33884032 PMCID: PMC8056107 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IFN-τ is a pregnancy recognition factor that regulates embryo implantation in ruminants. IFN-τ has been suggested to be involved in the expression of microRNA (miRNA/miR) and bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA), which is an analog of the human major histocompatibility complex class I. However, little is known about whether the miRNAs are involved in the expression of BoLA in ruminants. The present study firstly verified that bta-miR-204 was downregulated and that BoLA was upregulated in the uterine tissues of dairy cows during early pregnancy. Subsequently, luciferase reporter assays, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to validate BoLA as the target gene of bta-miR-204. Moreover, BoLA was markedly upregulated and bta-miR-204 was downregulated in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) treated with IFN-τ. In addition, the results indicated that when the expression level of BoLA was increased by IFN-τ, the expression level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-ligand 2 (PD-L2) was also increased. Furthermore, when BoLA was silenced in bEECs by small interfering RNA, the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 was not affected by IFN-τ. The expression level of PD-L1 and PD-L2 was also increased in the uterine tissues of pregnant dairy cattle. In conclusion, IFN-τ may function by suppressing the expression of bta-miR-204 to increase the expression of BoLA during the embryo implantation period in cattle. IFN-τ may induce PD-L1 and PD-L2 transcription by regulating BoLA, which may influence the T cell immune response, thereby regulating pregnant cattle immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, P.R. China
| | - Nannan Yin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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23
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Liu J, Song G, Zhao G, Meng T. Gene polymorphism associated with TGF-β1 and susceptibility to preeclampsia: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:2031-2041. [PMID: 33754428 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Mounts of researches focused on the link between transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) polymorphisms and preeclampsia (PE) which is a hypertensive multisystemic disorder affecting pregnancy. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to obtain more conclusive results. METHODS Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to evaluate the relationship between six TGF-β1 polymorphisms (rs1800468, rs1800469, rs1800470, rs1800471, rs4803455, and rs4803457) and PE susceptibility in five genetic models. The subgroup stratified analysis and trial sequential analysis were performed. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis with 1941 PE patients and 2488 healthy women. There was no statistically significant association between these six TGF-β1 polymorphisms and PE within five genetic models in the overall population (all p > 0.05). Subgroup stratified analysis revealed there was statistically significant association between TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and PE within the allele, recessive, and homozygous model in Asian (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.02-1.35; OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.06-1.72; OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.07-2.05, respectively; all p < 0.05). Trial sequential analysis indicated sufficient proof of such association in the Asian population. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 rs1800469 is a possible risk factor for PE in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ge Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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24
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Fedorka CE, Ball BA, Walker OF, McCormick ME, Scoggin KE, Kennedy LA, Squires EL, Troedsson MHT. Alterations of Circulating Biomarkers During Late Term Pregnancy Complications in the Horse Part I: Cytokines. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 99:103425. [PMID: 33781421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Equine abortions are attributed to both infectious and noninfectious causes. Clinical extrapolations are often made from the experimental model for ascending placentitis towards other causes of fetal compromise, including various markers of inflammation, including the cytokines IL-2, 5, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, and TNF. It is unknown if these cytokine changes are noted under field conditions, or if they increase preceding other pregnancy related complications. To assess this, Thoroughbred mares (n = 702) had weekly blood obtained beginning in December 2013 and continuing until parturition. Fetal membranes were submitted to the UKVDL for complete gross and pathologic assessment and classified as either ascending placentitis (n = 6), focal mucoid placentitis (n = 6), idiopathic abortion (n = 6) or control (n = 20). Weekly serum samples were analyzed via immunoassay for concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, and TNF. For both focal mucoid placentitis and ascending placentitis, an increase (P < .05) in the concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, and TNF was noted preceding parturition in comparison to controls. Cytokine profiles preceding idiopathic abortion did not differ from controls. In conclusion, serum cytokines may be considered potential biomarkers for the prediction of placental infection, while no changes in cytokine profiles were noted when noninfectious causes of abortion occurred. Additionally, this is the first study to report an increase in cytokines during the disease process of focal mucoid placentitis, the etiology of which includes Nocardioform placentitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Fedorka
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY
| | - B A Ball
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY.
| | - O F Walker
- Lincoln Memorial University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrogate, TN
| | - M E McCormick
- Rhode Island College, College of Nursing. Providence, RI; Rhode Island Department of Health. Providence, RI
| | - K E Scoggin
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY
| | - L A Kennedy
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY
| | - E L Squires
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY
| | - M H T Troedsson
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Lexington, KY
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25
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Ali S, Majid S, Ali MN, Taing S, Rehman MU, Arafah A. Cytokine imbalance at materno-embryonic interface as a potential immune mechanism for recurrent pregnancy loss. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107118. [PMID: 33191177 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a prominent reproductive disease that distresses about 2%-5% of couples. RPL is the loss of two or more successive spontaneous pregnancies prior to the 20th week of embryo development. The commencement of pregnancy necessitates implantation of the embryo into responsive maternal decidua synchronized with the process of placentation, decidual and myometrial trophoblast incursion as well as refashioning of spiral blood arteries of uterus. The collapse of any of the processes fundamental for pregnancy success may result into an array of pregnancy problems including spontaneous pregnancy loss. Endometrium of human female manufactures an extensive range of cytokines during the proliferative and secretory stage of the menstrual cycle. These endometrial cytokines are thought as major players for making the uterus ready for embryo implantation and placental development during pregnancy. Decidual cytokines regulate the invasion of trophoblast and remodeling of spiral arteries as well as take part in immune suppression to accomplish the pregnancy. Deterrence of maternal rejection of embryo needs a regulated milieu, which takes place essentially at the embryo-maternal interface and the tissues of the uterus. The reasons of RPL remain anonymous in a large number of cases that lead to difficulties in management and severe trauma in couples. Cytokine modulatory therapies have been shown promising for preventing RPL. Further study of novel factors is wanted to establish more effective RPL treatment protocols. The present study aims to review the outcome of cytokine breach at materno-embryonic interface and the efficacy of cytokine modulatory therapies in RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafat Ali
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir-190006, Srinagar, J&K, India; Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, J&K, India.
| | - Sabhiya Majid
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Md Niamat Ali
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir-190006, Srinagar, J&K, India.
| | - Shahnaz Taing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt. Medical College Associated Lalla Ded Hospital, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Abu-Raya B, Michalski C, Sadarangani M, Lavoie PM. Maternal Immunological Adaptation During Normal Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575197. [PMID: 33133091 PMCID: PMC7579415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk and severity of specific infections are increased during pregnancy due to a combination of physiological and immunological changes. Characterizing the maternal immune system during pregnancy is important to understand how the maternal immune system maintains tolerance towards the allogeneic fetus. This may also inform strategies to prevent maternal fatalities due to infections and optimize maternal vaccination to best protect the mother-fetus dyad and the infant after birth. In this review, we describe what is known about the immunological changes that occur during a normal pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa Abu-Raya
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christina Michalski
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pascal M Lavoie
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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27
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Bozward AG, Wootton GE, Podstawka O, Oo YH. Autoimmune Hepatitis: Tolerogenic Immunological State During Pregnancy and Immune Escape in Post-partum. Front Immunol 2020; 11:591380. [PMID: 33072138 PMCID: PMC7541906 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.591380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The maternal immune system engages in a fine balancing act during pregnancy by simultaneously maintaining immune tolerance to the fetus and immune responses to protect against invading organisms. Pregnancy is an intricately orchestrated process where effector immune cells with fetal specificity are selectively silenced. This requires a sustained immune suppressive state not only by expansion of maternal Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) but also by leaning the immune clock toward a Th2 dominant arm. The fetus, known as a semi-allograft or temporary-self, leads to remission of autoimmune hepatitis during pregnancy. However, this tolerogenic immune state reverts back to a Th1 dominant arm, resulting in post-partum flare of AIH. Various hormones play a significant role in endocrine-immune axis during pregnancy. The placenta functions as a barrier between the maternal immune system and the fetus also plays a pivotal role in creating a tolerogenic environment during pregnancy. We review the evidence of immune tolerance during pregnancy and immune escape at post-partum period, focusing on patients with autoimmune hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber G Bozward
- Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network ERN Rare-Liver, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Grace E Wootton
- Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network ERN Rare-Liver, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Oskar Podstawka
- Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ye H Oo
- Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network ERN Rare-Liver, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Transplant and Hepatology Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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28
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Nasca MR, Giuffrida G, Micali G. The Influence of Pregnancy on the Clinical Evolution and Prognosis of Pre-Existing Inflammatory and Autoimmune Skin Disorders and Their Management. Dermatology 2020; 237:771-785. [PMID: 32950977 DOI: 10.1159/000509726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the possible occurrence of typical dermatoses during pregnancy is well recognized, little is known about the influence of pregnancy on the clinical evolution and prognosis of different pre-existing chronic dermatological disorders. SUMMARY In this study a comprehensive search of the available literature and reviews has been undertaken in order to collect and analyze articles reporting pre-existing chronic skin disorders in pregnant women and report current knowledge on their particular clinical and therapeutic aspects.
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Wang W, Sung N, Gilman-Sachs A, Kwak-Kim J. T Helper (Th) Cell Profiles in Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Losses: Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Th22/Tfh Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2025. [PMID: 32973809 PMCID: PMC7461801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, various immune effectors and molecules participating in the immune-microenvironment establish specific maternal tolerance toward the semi-allogeneic fetus. Activated maternal immune effectors by the trophoblast antigens, such as T helper (Th), T cytotoxic (Tc), T regulatory (Treg), and B cells, are involved in the regulation of adaptive immunity. Recognition of active signal through the T cell receptors stimulate the differentiation of naive CD3+CD4+ T cells into specific T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and follicular Th cells (Tfh). Each of these subsets has a significant and distinct role in human pregnancy. Th1 immunity, characterized by immune-inflammatory responses, becomes dominant during the peri-implantation period, and the “controlled” Th1 immunity benefits the invading trophoblasts rather than harm. Quickly after the placental implantation, the early inflammatory Th1 immunity is shifted to the Th2 anti-inflammatory immune responses. The predominant Th2 immunity, which overrules the Th1 immunity at the placental implantation site, protects a fetus by balancing Th1 immunity and accommodate fetal and placental development. Moreover, Treg and Th9 cells regulate local inflammatory immune responses, potentially detrimental to the fetus. Th17 cells induce protective immunity against extracellular microbes during pregnancy. However, excessive Th17 immunity may induce uncontrolled neutrophil infiltration at the maternal-fetal interface. Other Th cell subsets such as Tfh cells, also contribute to pregnancy by setting up favorable humoral immunity during pregnancy. However, dysregulation of Th cell immunity during pregnancy may result in obstetrical complications, such as recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL) and preeclampsia (PE). With this review, we intend to deliver a comprehensive overview of CD4+ Th cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and Tfh cells, in human pregnancy by reviewing their roles in normal and pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Nayoung Sung
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
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30
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Ragusa R, Platania A, Cuccia M, Zappalà G, Giorgianni G, D'Agati P, Bellia MA, Marranzano M. Measles and Pregnancy: Immunity and Immunization-What Can Be Learned from Observing Complications during an Epidemic Year. J Pregnancy 2020; 2020:6532868. [PMID: 32802510 PMCID: PMC7416282 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6532868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles is a highly contagious airborne disease. Unvaccinated pregnant women are not only at risk of infection but also at risk of severe pregnancy complications. As measles causes a dysregulation of the entire immune system, we describe immunological variations and how immune response mechanisms can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We evaluated data during the measles outbreak reported in the province of Catania, Italy, from May 2017 to June 2018. We controlled hospital discharge records for patients admitted to hospital obstetric wards searching the measles diagnostic code. We have indicated the case as "confirmed" when the IgM was found to be positive with the ELISA method. We registered 843 cases of measles and 51% were females (430 cases). 24 patients between the ages of 17 and 40 had measles while they were pregnant. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included 2 spontaneous abortions, 1 therapeutic abortion, 1 foetal death, and 6 preterm deliveries. Respiratory complications were more prevalent in pregnant women (21%) than in nonpregnant women with measles (9%). 14 health care workers (1.7%) were infected with measles, and none of these had been previously vaccinated. Immune response mechanisms were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with measles. To reduce the rate of measles complications, gynaecologists should investigate vaccination history and antibody test results in all women of childbearing age. During a measles outbreak, gynaecologists and midwives should be active proponents of vaccination administration and counteract any vaccine hesitancy not only in patients but also among health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Ragusa
- Health Technology Assessment Committee-University Hospital “G. Rodolico”, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Armando Platania
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Cuccia
- Epidemiology and Prevention Service, ASP 3, Provincial Agency of Health of Catania, Via Tevere 32, San Gregorio di Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Zappalà
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giorgianni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Placido D'Agati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Marina Marranzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Abstract
Fetal neurodevelopment in utero is profoundly shaped by both systemic maternal immunity and local processes at the maternal-fetal interface. Immune pathways are a critical participant in the normal physiology of pregnancy and perturbations of maternal immunity due to infections during this period have been increasingly linked to a diverse array of poor neurological outcomes, including diseases that manifest much later in postnatal life. While experimental models of maternal immune activation (MIA) have provided groundbreaking characterizations of the maternal pathways underlying pathogenesis, less commonly examined are the immune factors that serve pathogen-independent developmental functions in the embryo and fetus. In this review, we explore what is known about the in vivo role of immune factors in fetal neurodevelopment during normal pregnancy and provide an overview of how MIA perturbs the proper orchestration of this sequence of events. Finally, we discuss how the dysregulation of immune factors may contribute to the manifestation of a variety of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Lu-Culligan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA
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32
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Biomarkers of placental redox imbalance in pregnancies with preeclampsia and consequent perinatal outcomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108464. [PMID: 32592803 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare redox and inflammatory markers between normal and PE-derived placentas and to evaluate the relationship between placental redox imbalance markers and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with PE. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the maternity hospital of a university hospital in Maceio-Alagoas, Brazil, in 2017, including women diagnosed with PE and healthy pregnant women and their conceptuses. After screening, standardized questionnaires containing socioeconomic, clinical, obstetric and anthropometric data were applied. After delivery, placental samples were collected for quantification of biomarkers of redox imbalance (catalase - CAT; malondialdehyde - MDA; hydrogen peroxide - H2O2; superoxide dismutase - SOD; reduced glutathione - GSH; oxidized glutathione - GSSG; and their ratio - GSH/GSSG) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase - MPO; interleukin (IL)-6; IL-8; IL-10; and tumor necrosis factor-alpha - TNF-α). All biomarkers were evaluated via linear regression with adjustments of variables with measures of weight, length, head circumference (HC), chest circumference (CC) and gestational age of newborns at birth, considering p < 0.05 as significant. RESULTS A total of 100 pregnant women with PE and 50 healthy pregnant women were studied. Higher placental levels of catalase (p = 0.018), SOD (p = 0.031), the GSH/GSSG ratio (p = 0.019) and IL-6 (p = 0.010) and lower GSSG (p = 0.001) were observed in pregnant women with PE than in the control group. Positive associations between placental GSH levels and body weight, HC, CC and gestational age at birth (p < 0.05) were identified. CONCLUSION PE-derived placentas had high concentrations of some antioxidants (enzymes and thiols), which might be a compensation mechanism against oxidative stress. Placental GSH levels were the only biomarker, among the studied ones, related positively with beneficial perinatal outcomes, suggesting that this endogenous antioxidant plays an important role in maintaining the health of the conceptus and women with PE.
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Abu-Raya B, Maertens K, Edwards KM, Omer SB, Englund JA, Flanagan KL, Snape MD, Amirthalingam G, Leuridan E, Damme PV, Papaevangelou V, Launay O, Dagan R, Campins M, Cavaliere AF, Frusca T, Guidi S, O'Ryan M, Heininger U, Tan T, Alsuwaidi AR, Safadi MA, Vilca LM, Wanlapakorn N, Madhi SA, Giles ML, Prymula R, Ladhani S, Martinón-Torres F, Tan L, Michelin L, Scambia G, Principi N, Esposito S. Global Perspectives on Immunization During Pregnancy and Priorities for Future Research and Development: An International Consensus Statement. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1282. [PMID: 32670282 PMCID: PMC7326941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization during pregnancy has been recommended in an increasing number of countries. The aim of this strategy is to protect pregnant women and infants from severe infectious disease, morbidity and mortality and is currently limited to tetanus, inactivated influenza, and pertussis-containing vaccines. There have been recent advancements in the development of vaccines designed primarily for use in pregnant women (respiratory syncytial virus and group B Streptococcus vaccines). Although there is increasing evidence to support vaccination in pregnancy, important gaps in knowledge still exist and need to be addressed by future studies. This collaborative consensus paper provides a review of the current literature on immunization during pregnancy and highlights the gaps in knowledge and a consensus of priorities for future research initiatives, in order to optimize protection for both the mother and the infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa Abu-Raya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kirsten Maertens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kathryn M. Edwards
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Saad B. Omer
- Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Janet A. Englund
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Katie L. Flanagan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Snape
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gayatri Amirthalingam
- Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elke Leuridan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vana Papaevangelou
- Third Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital ATTIKON, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Odile Launay
- Université de Paris, Inserm, CIC 1417, F-CRIN I REIVAC, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ron Dagan
- The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Magda Campins
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Franca Cavaliere
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Frusca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sofia Guidi
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel O'Ryan
- Microbiology and Mycology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Associate Researcher, Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulrich Heininger
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tina Tan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ahmed R. Alsuwaidi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marco. A. Safadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luz M. Vilca
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buzzi Hospital - ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nasamon Wanlapakorn
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shabir A. Madhi
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Medical Research Council: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michelle L. Giles
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roman Prymula
- School of Medicine Hradec Kralove, Institute of Social Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Shamez Ladhani
- Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Litjen Tan
- Immunization Action Coalition, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Lessandra Michelin
- Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Division, Health Sciences Post Graduation Program, University of Caxias Do Sul, Caxias Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Susanna Esposito
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Zhang YH, Aldo P, You Y, Ding J, Kaislasuo J, Petersen JF, Lokkegaard E, Peng G, Paidas MJ, Simpson S, Pal L, Guller S, Liu H, Liao AH, Mor G. Trophoblast-secreted soluble-PD-L1 modulates macrophage polarization and function. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:983-998. [PMID: 32386458 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0420-012rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Decidual macrophages are in close contact with trophoblast cells during placenta development, and an appropriate crosstalk between these cellular compartments is crucial for the establishment and maintenance of a healthy pregnancy. During different phases of gestation, macrophages undergo dynamic changes to adjust to the different stages of fetal development. Trophoblast-secreted factors are considered the main modulators responsible for macrophage differentiation and function. However, the phenotype of these macrophages induced by trophoblast-secreted factors and the factors responsible for their polarization has not been elucidated. In this study, we characterized the phenotype and function of human trophoblast-induced macrophages. Using in vitro models, we found that human trophoblast-educated macrophages were CD14+ CD206+ CD86- and presented an unusual transcriptional profile in response to TLR4/LPS activation characterized by the expression of type I IFN-β expression. IFN-β further enhances the constitutive production of soluble programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) from trophoblast cells. PD-1 blockage inhibited trophoblast-induced macrophage differentiation. Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) was detected in the blood of pregnant women and increased throughout the gestation. Collectively, our data suggest the existence of a regulatory circuit at the maternal fetal interface wherein IFN-β promotes sPD-L1 expression/secretion by trophoblast cells, which can then initiate a PD-L1/PD-1-mediated macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype, consequently decreasing inflammation. Macrophages then maintain the expression of sPD-L1 by the trophoblasts through IFN-β production induced through TLR4 ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Paulomi Aldo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuan You
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiahui Ding
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Janina Kaislasuo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and the Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesper F Petersen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Zealand Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Ellen Lokkegaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Zealand Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael J Paidas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Samantha Simpson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lubna Pal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Seth Guller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ai Hua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Levenson D, Romero R, Garcia-Flores V, Miller D, Xu Y, Sahi A, Hassan SS, Gomez-Lopez N. The effects of advanced maternal age on T-cell subsets at the maternal-fetal interface prior to term labor and in the offspring: a mouse study. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:58-75. [PMID: 32279324 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Women who conceive at 35 years of age or older, commonly known as advanced maternal age, have a higher risk of facing parturition complications and their children have an increased risk of developing diseases later in life. However, the immunological mechanisms underlying these pathological processes have yet to be established. To fill this gap in knowledge, using a murine model and immunophenotyping, we determined the effect of advanced maternal age on the main cellular branch of adaptive immunity, T cells, at the maternal-fetal interface and in the offspring. We report that advanced maternal age impaired the process of labor at term, inducing dystocia and delaying the timing of delivery. Advanced maternal age diminished the number of specific proinflammatory T-cell subsets [T helper type 1 (Th1): CD4+ IFN-γ+ , CD8+ IFN-γ+ and Th9: CD4+ IL-9+ ], as well as CD4+ regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ T cells), at the maternal-fetal interface prior to term labor. Advanced maternal age also altered fetal growth and survival of the offspring in early life. In addition, infants born to advanced-age mothers had alterations in the T-cell repertoire but not in CD71+ erythroid cells (CD3- CD71+ TER119+ cells). This study provides insight into the immune alterations observed at the maternal-fetal interface of advanced-age mothers and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Levenson
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - R Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - V Garcia-Flores
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - D Miller
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - A Sahi
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - S S Hassan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Office of Women's Health, Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - N Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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36
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Li N, He F, Gao H, Ge Y, Fan X, Zhang J, Qi H, Ren L. Elevated cell-free fetal DNA contributes to placental inflammation and antiangiogenesis via AIM2 and IFI16 during pre-eclampsia. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9577-9588. [PMID: 32383175 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has shown that pre-eclampsia (PE) is related to both maternal and utero-placental antiangiogenesis and inflammation. Remarkably, an elevated cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) level has been found in maternal circulation; however, it remains unclear whether this DNA can induce activation of cytosolic DNA sensor signaling pathways and lead to the development of PE. In this study, we found that trophoblast cells constitutively expressed the cytosolic DNA sensors, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16). The cffDNA and pro-inflammatory and antiangiogenic factors were present at higher concentrations in PE compared with the control group and correlated with the severity of PE. DNA stimulation significantly increased the AIM2 and IFI16 levels, consistent with the elevated AIM2 and IFI16 expression in women with PE, and elicited increased production of AIM2-mediated interleukin IL-8 (IL-8), IL-6 and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and IFI16-mediated sEndoglin, sFlt-1 and CXCL10. Furthermore, enhancement of the inflammatory response was found to be induced by DNA exposure, but DNA exposure did not induce PE-like symptoms in pregnant mice. It is possible that elevated cffDNA could reflect the degree of placental damage and trigger cytosolic DNA sensor activation, which disrupts the immunity balance and, consequently, contributes to inflammatory and antiangiogenic responses. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that circulating cffDNA levels are increased in preeclamptic women and act through AIM2 and IFI16 activation to promote the production of pro-inflammatory and antiangiogenic factors, which correlate with the severity of the disease, and may offer insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Cytotherapy Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei He
- Cytotherapy Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hang Gao
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Ge
- Jilin Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Xiujun Fan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Health, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Health, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Cytotherapy Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Cytotherapy Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Lumbreras-Marquez MI, Lumbreras-Marquez J, Barraza-Salas M, Castillo-Reyther RA, De la Maza-Labastida S, Hernandez-Rayon YI, Farber MK, Vazquez-Alaniz F. Maternal and umbilical cord procalcitonin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 levels in preeclamptic and normotensive patients: A cross-sectional study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 21:218-223. [PMID: 32683282 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report maternal and umbilical vein levels of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with preeclampsia (PE) compared to controls. As secondary aims, we measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Moreover, correlation analyses were performed between the inflammatory biomarkers and mean arterial pressure (MAP). STUDY DESIGN This was a single center, cross-sectional study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES After Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent, patients with or without PE were enrolled. PCT, hs-CRP, and IL-6 levels were compared between groups using multiple linear regression models. We calculated the adjusted ratios of geometric means (aRGM) for the comparison of patients with and without PE. Correlation analysis between the inflammatory biomarkers and MAP was performed using Spearman's method. RESULTS A total of 156 participants were enrolled, yielding 156 venous blood samples and umbilical venous blood samples. Seventy-six patients were in the PE group, and 80 patients were in the control group. Maternal plasma and serum concentrations of PCT (aRGM 3.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.26, 4.95; p < 0.001)), hs-CRP (aRGM 1.85 (95% CI: 1.30, 2.63; p = 0.003)), and IL-6 (aRGM 1.49 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.04; p = 0.045)) were higher in the PE group. In umbilical venous samples, the concentrations of PCT (aRGM 2.54 (95% CI: 1.46, 4.44; p = 0.003)) and hs-CRP (aRGM 1.45 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.87; p = 0.012)) in the PE group were higher than the controls. No difference in umbilical venous IL-6 concentrations were detected between PE vs. control groups (aRGM 1.46; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.98; p = 0.051). There was positive correlation for both PCT and hs-CRP with MAP in maternal and umbilical venous samples. However, there was no correlation between IL and 6 and MAP in maternal or umbilical venous samples. CONCLUSIONS PCT levels were elevated in maternal and umbilical venous samples of patients with PE, and correlated with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario I Lumbreras-Marquez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jesus Lumbreras-Marquez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Marcelo Barraza-Salas
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango, Mexico
| | - Roberto A Castillo-Reyther
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | | | - Michaela K Farber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fernando Vazquez-Alaniz
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango, Mexico; Clinical Investigation Unit, Hospital General 450, Servicios de Salud de Durango, Mexico.
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Suvakov S, Bonner E, Nikolic V, Jerotic D, Simic TP, Garovic VD, Lopez-Campos G, McClements L. Overlapping pathogenic signalling pathways and biomarkers in preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 20:131-136. [PMID: 32299060 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preeclampsia is a cardiovascular pregnancy complication that occurs in 5-10% of pregnancies and it can lead to a number of pregnancy complications including maternal and foetal death. Long-term, preeclampsia is associated with up to 8-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) for both mothers and their offspring. The lack of mechanistic data in relation to the causes or consequences of preeclampsia has prevented the development of effective therapeutic and monitoring strategies. STUDY DESIGN This study investigates common underlying mechanisms of preeclampsia and CVD, specifically hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), using "in silico" approach of publicly available datasets. Integrated techniques were designed to mine data repositories and identify relevant biomarkers associated with these three conditions. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The knowledge base tools were employed that enabled the analysis of these biomarkers to discover potential molecular and biological links between these three conditions. RESULTS Our bioinformatics "in silico" analyses of the publically available datasets identified 76 common biomarkers between preeclampsia, hypertension and HFpEF. These biomarkers were representative of 29 pathways commonly enriched across the three conditions which were largely related to inflammation, metabolism, angiogenesis, remodelling, haemostasis, apoptosis and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system. CONCLUSIONS This bioinformatics approach uses the wealth of scientific data available in public repositories to gain a deeper understanding of the overlapping pathogenic mechanisms of associated diseases, which could be explored as biomarkers or targets to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications such as hypertension and HFpEF following preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Suvakov
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emma Bonner
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Valentina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Djurdja Jerotic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana P Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna D Garovic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Guillermo Lopez-Campos
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Lana McClements
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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39
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Behura SK, Kelleher AM, Spencer TE. Regulation of uterine genes during the peri‐implantation period, and its relationship to the maternal brain in gestating mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:482-492. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanta K. Behura
- Division of Animal SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbia Missouri
- Institute for Data Science and InformaticsUniversity of MissouriColumbia Missouri
| | | | - Thomas E. Spencer
- Division of Animal SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbia Missouri
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's HealthUniversity of MissouriColumbia Missouri
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40
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Analysis of regulatory T cells and CTLA-4 expression in pregnant women according to seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii. Parasitology 2020; 147:810-815. [PMID: 32183924 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020000475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is considered a period in which immunomodulation occurs, although it is important for the maintenance of the foetus, could contribute to infections as Toxoplasma gondii. Immune response cells such as regulatory T cells participate in this immunomodulation, and surface molecules such as CTLA-4 develop an immunosuppressive role, could contribute to the establishment of the parasite. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of regulatory T cells and the expression of CTLA-4 in parturient and non-pregnant seropositive and seronegative for anti-T. gondii antibodies. Sixty-two participants were evaluated, 14 parturient with negative serology, 23 parturient with positive serology, 16 non-pregnant women seronegative and 9 non-pregnant women seropositive. Immunophenotyping was performed for characterize TCD4+Foxp3+ cells, T CD4+CD25-Foxp3+, TCD4+CD25highFoxp3+, TCD4+CTLA-4+, TCD4+CD25-CTLA-4+ and TCD4+CD25highCTLA-4+. We observed a lower level of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ cells from seropositive parturient compared with seropositive non-pregnant cells. Significative levels of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ cells from seronegative pregnant were observed compared with seropositive pregnant cells. Furthermore, the higher level of CD4+CD25-CTLA-4+ cells populations was detected in seropositive pregnant cells compared with seropositive non-pregnant. Although a significant increase in CTLA-4 cells was observed in pregnant women positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies, this increase did not cause a risk of reactivation of the infection.
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Fujiwara H, Ono M, Sato Y, Imakawa K, Iizuka T, Kagami K, Fujiwara T, Horie A, Tani H, Hattori A, Daikoku T, Araki Y. Promoting Roles of Embryonic Signals in Embryo Implantation and Placentation in Cooperation with Endocrine and Immune Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051885. [PMID: 32164226 PMCID: PMC7084435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation in the uterus is an essential process for successful pregnancy in mammals. In general, the endocrine system induces sufficient embryo receptivity in the endometrium, where adhesion-promoting molecules increase and adhesion-inhibitory molecules decrease. Although the precise mechanisms remain unknown, it is widely accepted that maternal–embryo communications, including embryonic signals, improve the receptive ability of the sex steroid hormone-primed endometrium. The embryo may utilize repulsive forces produced by an Eph–ephrin system for its timely attachment to and subsequent invasion through the endometrial epithelial layer. Importantly, the embryonic signals are considered to act on maternal immune cells to induce immune tolerance. They also elicit local inflammation that promotes endometrial differentiation and maternal tissue remodeling during embryo implantation and placentation. Additional clarification of the immune control mechanisms by embryonic signals, such as human chorionic gonadotropin, pre-implantation factor, zona pellucida degradation products, and laeverin, will aid in the further development of immunotherapy to minimize implantation failure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (T.I.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +81-(0)76-265-2425; Fax: +81-(0)76-234-4266
| | - Masanori Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (T.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Yukiyasu Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Takamatsu 760-0017, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Research Institute of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan;
| | - Takashi Iizuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (T.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Kyosuke Kagami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (T.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Home Science and Welfare, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto 606-0847, Japan;
| | - Akihito Horie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; (A.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Hirohiko Tani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; (A.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Akira Hattori
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Yoshihiko Araki
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu 279-0021, Japan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Crnković HT, Bendelja K, Šimić Klarić A, Tomić Rajić M, Drkulec V, Aberle N. Family history and cord blood eosinophil count as predictors for atopic manifestations. Cent Eur J Public Health 2019; 27:267-271. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Melatonin Promotes Uterine and Placental Health: Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010300. [PMID: 31906255 PMCID: PMC6982088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the endometrium is a cyclic event tightly regulated by hormones and growth factors to coordinate the menstrual cycle while promoting a suitable microenvironment for embryo implantation during the “receptivity window”. Many women experience uterine failures that hamper the success of conception, such as endometrium thickness, endometriosis, luteal phase defects, endometrial polyps, adenomyosis, viral infection, and even endometrial cancer; most of these disturbances involve changes in endocrine components or cell damage. The emerging evidence has proven that circadian rhythm deregulation followed by low circulating melatonin is associated with low implantation rates and difficulties to maintain pregnancy. Given that melatonin is a circadian-regulating hormone also involved in the maintenance of uterine homeostasis through regulation of numerous pathways associated with uterine receptivity and gestation, the success of female reproduction may be dependent on the levels and activity of uterine and placental melatonin. Based on the fact that irregular production of maternal and placental melatonin is related to recurrent spontaneous abortion and maternal/fetal disturbances, melatonin replacement may offer an excellent opportunity to restore normal physiological function of the affected tissues. By alleviating oxidative damage in the placenta, melatonin favors nutrient transfer and improves vascular dynamics at the uterine–placental interface. This review focuses on the main in vivo and in vitro functions of melatonin on uterine physiological processes, such as decidualization and implantation, and also on the feto-maternal tissues, and reviews how exogenous melatonin functions from a mechanistic standpoint to preserve the organ health. New insights on the potential signaling pathways whereby melatonin resists preeclampsia and endometriosis are further emphasized in this review.
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Yang L, Bai J, Zhao Z, Li N, Wang Y, Zhang L. Differential expression of T helper cytokines in the liver during early pregnancy in sheep. Anim Reprod 2019; 16:332-339. [PMID: 33224295 PMCID: PMC7673597 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver plays important roles in the innate and adaptive immunity, and contributes to the maternal immune adjustments during pregnancy in mice and rats. T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines are related to immune response. However, expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in maternal livers is unclear during early pregnancy in sheep. In this study, livers were collected on day 16 of the estrous cycle and on days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnancy (n = 6 for each group) in ewes, and qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the livers. Our results showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were downregulated, and IL-5 was upregulated in the livers during early pregnancy. Furthermore, there was no effect for early pregnancy on expression of TNF-β in the livers, and the IFN-γ protein was limited to the endothelial cells of the proper hepatic arteries and portal veins. In conclusion, early pregnancy exerted its effect on the liver to regulate the Th cytokines expression, but there was no evident shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokines, which may be necessary for the maternal hepatic immune adjustments during early pregnancy in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Jiachen Bai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Leying Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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Guzman-Genuino RM, Dimova T, You Y, Aldo P, Hayball JD, Mor G, Diener KR. Trophoblasts promote induction of a regulatory phenotype in B cells that can protect against detrimental T cell-mediated inflammation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 82:e13187. [PMID: 31487409 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM A successful outcome to pregnancy is critically dependent on the initiation of maternal immune tolerance before embryo implantation. Cells of embryonic origin that come in contact with the uterine microenvironment can exert influence over the phenotype and function of immune cells to facilitate robust implantation; however, what influence they may have on B cells remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the effect of human trophoblast cells on B-cell phenotype and the subsequent effect on peri-implantation events. METHOD OF STUDY We cultured purified human B cells with the first-trimester human trophoblast cell line Swan 71 to investigate trophoblast-B-cell interactions and utilized trophoblast spheroids in an in vitro implantation model of migration and invasion. RESULTS Trophoblast-educated B cells or TE-B cells were found to consist of B cells in committed lineages such as plasmablasts and memory B cells, as well as increased proportions in subsets of CD24hi CD27+ regulatory B cells and CD19+ IL-10+ B cells. Conditioned media from the TE-B cells showed reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that influenced the T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. Using trophoblast spheroids, we assessed the role of TE-B cells in trophoblast invasion and migration. Our results demonstrate a protective effect of TE-B-conditioned media against deleterious inflammation as evidenced by survival of the trophoblast spheroid in the presence of an immune assault and promotion of a migratory phenotype. CONCLUSION We posit that trophoblast-mediated education of B cells leads to their acquisition of properties capable of modulating inflammation in the uterine environment during the peri-implantation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Marian Guzman-Genuino
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yuan You
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paulomi Aldo
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John D Hayball
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gil Mor
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kerrilyn R Diener
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Alanazi AZ, Alsanea S, As Sobeai HM, Almutairi MM, Mahmood HM, Attia SM. The Stat3 inhibitor, S3I-201, downregulates lymphocyte activation markers, chemokine receptors, and inflammatory cytokines in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mouse model of autism. Brain Res Bull 2019; 152:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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El-Sherbini MS, Abd El-Aal AA, El-Sherbiny WS, Attia SS, Abdel Aziz IZ, Nasr GM, Salama MS, Badr MS. Toxoplasmosis and abortion: pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines gene expression of the host immune cells. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-019-0006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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48
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Li N, Zhao Z, Bai J, Liu B, Mi H, Zhang L, Li G, Yang L. Characterization of the Th cytokines profile in ovine spleen during early pregnancy. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2019.1634077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Bai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoliang Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Mi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leying Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiping Li
- Handan Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Handan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, People’s Republic of China
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Szekeres-Bartho J, Schindler AE. Progestogens and immunology. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2019; 60:17-23. [PMID: 31345741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fifty percent of fetal antigens are of paternal origin. These are recognized by the maternal immune system, thereby resulting in lymphocyte activation and the induction of progesterone receptors (PRs) in immune cells. Upon binding of progesterone to PRs on lymphocytes, a downstream mediator called progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) is produced. The full-length PIBF is a 90 kDa protein; however, because of alternative splicing, several smaller isoforms are also produced. While the 90 kDa molecule plays a role in cell cycle regulation, the small isoforms are localized in the cytoplasm, and after secretion, they bind to their receptors on other cells and act in a cytokine-like manner. The communication between the embryo and the maternal immune system is established through PIBF-containing extracellular vesicles. PIBF induces an increased production of Th2 cytokines and inhibits degranulation of NK cells, and by regulating the maternal immune response, it contributes to successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Szekeres-Bartho
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary; MTA - PTE Human Reproduction Research Group, Hungary; János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Hungary; Endocrine Studies, Centre of Excellence, Hungary.
| | - A E Schindler
- Institute for Medical Research and Education, Essen, Germany
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50
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Žák P, Souček M. Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 with blood pressure, risk of preeclampsia and low birth weight in gestational diabetes. Physiol Res 2019; 68:395-408. [PMID: 30904009 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed in the development of pregnancy complications, including endothelial dysfunction, an inflammatory pathway and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-6 and dual cytokine IL-10 in the mother's peripheral blood and systolic blood pressure, risk of preeclampsia and low birth weight in gestational diabetes (GDM). We observed 40 women with GDM divided into a gestational hypertension group (n=20) and comparison group (n=20) with normal blood pressure. We found a significant positive correlation between TNF-alpha; IL-6; IL-10 levels and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the second trimester (p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001); the third trimester (p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.05). We also proved correlations for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during the second; third trimester (p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001); (p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.0015). We demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between high TNF-alpha group and preeclampsia risk in the third trimester (p=0.04). We also determined the negative correlation in the second trimester between birth weight and TNF-alpha; IL-6, IL-10 levels (p<0.05; p<0.001; p<0.001). To conclude, our data highlight the importance of cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 in blood pressure regulation. In addition, high levels of TNF-alpha have been associated with increased risk of preeclampsia. We found a significant negative correlation between levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Žák
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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