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Kwon JH, Kim H, Lee JK, Hong YJ, Kang HJ, Jang YJ. Incidence and Characteristics of Multiple Primary Cancers: A 20-Year Retrospective Study of a Single Cancer Center in Korea. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2346. [PMID: 39001408 PMCID: PMC11240339 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rising cancer survival rates have led to an increased risk of multiple primary cancers (MPCs). Data on MPCs in South Korea are limited. This study aimed to address incidence and clinical characteristics of MPCs in a single cancer center in Korea during a 20-year period. We retrospectively analyzed 96,174 cancer patients at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital between 2003 and 2022, identifying 2167 patients with metachronous MPCs based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results SEER criteria. We categorized patients by cancer type (15 major solid cancer groups and 3 major hematologic cancer groups), including pathological diagnosis, assessed latency periods, and relative risks (RRs) for developing MPCs. The overall MPC incidence was 2.3%. Breast cancer (15.7%) was the most common primary cancer, and lung cancer (15.2%) was the most frequent second primary cancer. The median latency period for second primary cancers was 4.1 years. Decreasing latency periods for third and fourth primary cancers were observed (2.1 years and 1.6 years, respectively). Most cancers maintained their dominant pathological type despite notable changes in the prevalence of specific pathologies for certain types of second primaries. Lymphoma showed the highest RR (2.1) for developing MPCs. Significant associations were found between specific primary and subsequent cancers, including breast-ovary, thyroid-breast, stomach-pancreas, colorectal-head and neck, lung-prostate, and lymphoma-myeloid neoplasms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of MPC occurrence. They can inform future research on their etiology and development of improved management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kwon
- Medical Science Demonstration Center, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Heyjin Kim
- Medical Science Demonstration Center, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Jang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
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2
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Menson KE, Coleman SRM. Smoking and pulmonary health in women: A narrative review and behavioral health perspective. Prev Med 2024; 185:108029. [PMID: 38851402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoking prevalence has declined slower among women than men, and smoking-related pulmonary disease (PD) has risen among women. Given these trends, there is a critical need to understand and mitigate PD risk among women who smoke. The purpose of this narrative review and commentary is to highlight important evidence from the literature on smoking and PD among women. METHODS This review focuses broadly on examining cigarette smoking and PD among women within six topic areas: (1) demographic characteristics and prevalence of smoking, (2) smoking behavior, (3) lung cancer, (4) obstructive PD, (5) diagnostic and treatment disparities, and (6) gaps in the literature and potential directions for future research and treatment. RESULTS Growing evidence indicates that compared to men, women are at increased risk for developing smoking-related PD and poorer PD outcomes. Gender disparities in smoking-related PD may be largely accounted for by genetic differences and sex hormones contributing to PD pathogenesis and presentation, smoking behavior, nicotine dependence, and pathogen/carcinogen clearance. Moreover, gender disparities in smoking-related PD may be exacerbated by important social determinants (e.g., women with less formal education and those from minoritized groups may be at especially high risk for poor PD outcomes due to higher rates of smoking). CONCLUSION Rising rates of smoking-related PD among women risk widening diagnostic and treatment disparities. Ongoing research is needed to explore potentially complex relationships between sex, gender, and smoking-related PD processes and outcomes, and to improve smoking-cessation and PD treatment for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Menson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA; Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Sulamunn R M Coleman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA; Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Lundberg FE, Ekman S, Johansson ALV, Engholm G, Birgisson H, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Mørch LS, Johannesen TB, Andersson TML, Pettersson D, Seppä K, Virtanen A, Lambe M, Lambert PC. Trends in lung cancer survival in the Nordic countries 1990-2016: The NORDCAN survival studies. Lung Cancer 2024; 192:107826. [PMID: 38795460 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate if the previously reported improvements in lung cancer survival were consistent across age at diagnosis and by lung cancer subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on lung cancers diagnosed between 1990 and 2016 in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden were obtained from the NORDCAN database. Flexible parametric models were used to estimate age-standardized and age-specific relative survival by sex, as well as reference-adjusted crude probabilities of death and life-years lost. Age-standardised survival was also estimated by the three major subtypes; adenocarcincoma, squamous cell and small-cell carcinoma. RESULTS Both 1- and 5-year relative survival improved continuously in all countries. The pattern of improvement was similar across age groups and by subtype. The largest improvements in survival were seen in Denmark, while improvements were comparatively smaller in Finland. In the most recent period, age-standardised estimates of 5-year relative survival ranged from 13% to 26% and the 5-year crude probability of death due to lung cancer ranged from 73% to 85%. Across all Nordic countries, survival decreased with age, and was lower in men and for small-cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION Lung cancer survival has improved substantially since 1990, in both women and men and across age. The improvements were seen in all major subtypes. However, lung cancer survival remains poor, with three out of four patients dying from their lung cancer within five years of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida E Lundberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Simon Ekman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medical Unit Head-Neck-Lung-Skin Cancer, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anna L V Johansson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Lina Steinrud Mørch
- Danish Cancer Institute, Cancer Surveillance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Therese M-L Andersson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - David Pettersson
- Swedish Cancer Registry, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karri Seppä
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Anni Virtanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Regional Cancer Centre Uppsala Central Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Paul C Lambert
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Biostatistics Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Meng FT, Jhuang JR, Peng YT, Chiang CJ, Yang YW, Huang CY, Huang KP, Lee WC. Predicting Lung Cancer Survival to the Future: Population-Based Cancer Survival Modeling Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e46737. [PMID: 38819904 PMCID: PMC11179019 DOI: 10.2196/46737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with late diagnoses often resulting in poor prognosis. In response, the Lung Ambition Alliance aims to double the 5-year survival rate by 2025. OBJECTIVE Using the Taiwan Cancer Registry, this study uses the survivorship-period-cohort model to assess the feasibility of achieving this goal by predicting future survival rates of patients with lung cancer in Taiwan. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 205,104 patients with lung cancer registered between 1997 and 2018. Survival rates were calculated using the survivorship-period-cohort model, focusing on 1-year interval survival rates and extrapolating to predict 5-year outcomes for diagnoses up to 2020, as viewed from 2025. Model validation involved comparing predicted rates with actual data using symmetric mean absolute percentage error. RESULTS The study identified notable improvements in survival rates beginning in 2004, with the predicted 5-year survival rate for 2020 reaching 38.7%, marking a considerable increase from the most recent available data of 23.8% for patients diagnosed in 2013. Subgroup analysis revealed varied survival improvements across different demographics and histological types. Predictions based on current trends indicate that achieving the Lung Ambition Alliance's goal could be within reach. CONCLUSIONS The analysis demonstrates notable improvements in lung cancer survival rates in Taiwan, driven by the adoption of low-dose computed tomography screening, alongside advances in diagnostic technologies and treatment strategies. While the ambitious target set by the Lung Ambition Alliance appears achievable, ongoing advancements in medical technology and health policies will be crucial. The study underscores the potential impact of continued enhancements in lung cancer management and the importance of strategic health interventions to further improve survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Tsui Meng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Parexel International Company Limited, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Rong Jhuang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Teng Peng
- Parexel International Company Limited, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Chiang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Yang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yen Huang
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Huang
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Health Data Analytics and Statistics, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Khan R, Coleman N. Challenges and opportunities in the immunotherapy era: balancing expectations with hope in small-cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241249627. [PMID: 38765713 PMCID: PMC11102705 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241249627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a biologically aggressive subtype of lung cancer, a lethal disease characterized by rapid tumor growth, early relapse, a strong tendency for early widespread metastasis, and high genomic instability, making it a formidable foe in modern oncology practice. While the management of non-SCLC has been revolutionized in the era of immunotherapy, progress in SCLC has been more muted. Recent randomized phase III clinical trials have combined programmed death ligand-1 inhibitors to a chemotherapy backbone and demonstrated improved survival; however, the absolute benefit observed is short months. There is an undeniable urgent need for better responses, better agents, novel therapeutic approaches, and more rational, biomarker-driven clinical trials in SCLC. In this review, we discuss the rationale and current understanding of the biology of SCLC in the modern era of immunotherapy, discuss recent advances in front-line immunotherapeutic approaches that have changed clinical practice globally, provide an overview of some of the challenges and limitations that have staggered immune checkpoint blockade in SCLC, and explore some of the novel immunotherapeutic approaches currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza Khan
- School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Coleman
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, James Street, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Gomez-Randulfe I, Leporati R, Gupta B, Liu S, Califano R. Recent advances and future strategies in first-line treatment of ES-SCLC. Eur J Cancer 2024; 200:113581. [PMID: 38301317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in treating extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have been significantly marked by incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into platinum-based chemotherapy, leading to modest yet notable improvements in patient outcomes, which become more evident with longer follow-up. However, critical challenges persist, such as identifying effective biomarkers for accurate patient selection or finding more effective drugs. This review delves into the current and evolving treatment landscape for ES-SCLC, focusing on the most promising therapeutic strategies under investigation. We discuss the latest developments in the use of newer ICIs, antiangiogenic agents, PARP inhibitors (PARPi), lurbinectedin, and anti-DLL3 agents, offering insights into potential future directions in the management of this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Gomez-Randulfe
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rita Leporati
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Brinda Gupta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raffaele Califano
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Pluchart H, Chanoine S, Moro-Sibilot D, Chouaid C, Frey G, Villa J, Degano B, Giaj Levra M, Bedouch P, Toffart AC. Lung cancer, comorbidities, and medication: the infernal trio. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1016976. [PMID: 38450055 PMCID: PMC10916800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1016976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Most patients with lung cancer are smokers and are of advanced age. They are therefore at high risk of having age- and lifestyle-related comorbidities. These comorbidities are subject to treatment or even polypharmacy. There is growing evidence of a link between lung cancer, comorbidities and medications. The relationships between these entities are complex. The presence of comorbidities and their treatments influence the time of cancer diagnosis, as well as the diagnostic and treatment strategy. On the other hand, cancer treatment may have an impact on the patient's comorbidities such as renal failure, pneumonitis or endocrinopathies. This review highlights how some comorbidities may have an impact on lung cancer presentation and may require treatment adjustments. Reciprocal influences between the treatment of comorbidities and anticancer therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Pluchart
- Pôle Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC UMR5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Chanoine
- Pôle Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Denis Moro-Sibilot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumologie Physiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Christos Chouaid
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Inserm U955, UPEC, IMRB, équipe CEpiA, CréteilFrance
| | - Gil Frey
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vasculaire et Endocrinienne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Villa
- Service de Radiothérapie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Degano
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumologie Physiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire HP2, INSERM U1042, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Matteo Giaj Levra
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumologie Physiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierrick Bedouch
- Pôle Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC UMR5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Claire Toffart
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumologie Physiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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LoPiccolo J, Gusev A, Christiani DC, Jänne PA. Lung cancer in patients who have never smoked - an emerging disease. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:121-146. [PMID: 38195910 PMCID: PMC11014425 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Although smoking-related lung cancers continue to account for the majority of diagnoses, smoking rates have been decreasing for several decades. Lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked (LCINS) is estimated to be the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2023, preferentially occurring in women and Asian populations. As smoking rates continue to decline, understanding the aetiology and features of this disease, which necessitate unique diagnostic and treatment paradigms, will be imperative. New data have provided important insights into the molecular and genomic characteristics of LCINS, which are distinct from those of smoking-associated lung cancers and directly affect treatment decisions and outcomes. Herein, we review the emerging data regarding the aetiology and features of LCINS, particularly the genetic and environmental underpinnings of this disease as well as their implications for treatment. In addition, we outline the unique diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms of LCINS and discuss future directions in identifying individuals at high risk of this disease for potential screening efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn LoPiccolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- The Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Bowers EC, Cavalcante AM, Nguyen K, Li C, Wang Y, El-Zein R, Chen SH, Kim MP, McKay BS, Ramos KS. Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 Analytes in Extracellular Vesicles as Tools for Molecular Diagnostics of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1169. [PMID: 38256242 PMCID: PMC10816871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the oncogenic retrotransposon LINE-1 is a hallmark of various cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Here, we present proof-of-principle evidence that LINE-1 analytes in extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as tools for molecular diagnostics of NSCLC, with LINE-1 status in tumor cells and tissues mirroring the LINE-1 mRNA and ORF1p cargos of EVs from lung cancer cell culture conditioned media or human plasma. The levels of LINE-1 analytes in plasma EVs from ostensibly healthy individuals were higher in females than males. While the profiles of LINE-1 mRNA and ORF1p in African Americans compared to Hispanics were not significantly different, African Americans showed slightly higher ORF1p content, and 2-3 times greater ranges of LINE-1 values compared to Hispanics. Whole plasma ORF1p levels correlated with EV ORF1p levels, indicating that most of the circulating LINE-1 protein is contained within EVs. EV LINE-1 mRNA levels were elevated in patients with advanced cancer stages and in select patients with squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic tumors compared to adenocarcinomas. The observed EV LINE-1 mRNA profiles paralleled the patterns of ORF1p expression in NSCLC tissue sections suggesting that LINE-1 analytes in plasma EVs may serve to monitor the activity of LINE-1 retroelements in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Bowers
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Alexandre M. Cavalcante
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Kimberly Nguyen
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Can Li
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingshan Wang
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Min P. Kim
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Brian S. McKay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
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Ilesanmi A, Dairo G, Salimat S, Bodun DS, Awoyale B, Balogun TA. Identification of bioactive compounds from Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (Lingonberry) as inhibitors for treating KRAS-associated cancer: a computational approach. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 11:32. [PMID: 37915613 PMCID: PMC10616029 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the cancer of the lung's epithelial cells typically characterized by difficulty breathing, chest pain, blood-stained coughs, headache, and weight loss. If left unmanaged, lung cancer can spread to other body parts. While several treatment methods exist for managing lung cancer, exploring natural plant sources for developing therapeutics offers great potential in complementing other treatment approaches. In this study, we evaluated the bioactive compounds in Vaccinium vitis-idaea for treating KRAS-associated lung cancer types. In this study, we concentrated on inhibiting the mutated Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) by targeting an associated protein (Phosphodiesterase 6δ) to which KRAS form complexes. We evaluated bioactive compounds from Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), adopting computational approaches such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) calculations, and pharmacokinetics analysis. A total of 26 out of 39 bioactive compounds of Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. had a higher binding affinity to the target receptor than an approved drug, Sotorasib. Also, further analyses of all lead/top compounds in this study identified (+)-Catechin (Cianidanol), Arbutin, Resveratrol, and Sinapic acid, to be potential drug candidates that could be pursued. In sum, Arbutin, (+)-Catechin, and Sinapic acid are predicted to be the top compound of Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. because of their pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness attributes. Also, their stability to the target receptor makes them a potential drug candidate that could be explored for treating KRAS mutation-associated lung cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-023-00165-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayooluwa Ilesanmi
- Department of Sciences and Mathematics, Mississippi University for Women, Columbus, USA
| | - Gbenga Dairo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL USA
| | - Sofela Salimat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Damilola S. Bodun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Bibiire Awoyale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb A. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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Sahu P, Donovan C, Paudel KR, Pickles S, Chimankar V, Kim RY, Horvart JC, Dua K, Ieni A, Nucera F, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, Mazilli S, Caramori G, Lyons JG, Hansbro PM. Pre-clinical lung squamous cell carcinoma mouse models to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1260411. [PMID: 37817767 PMCID: PMC10560855 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1260411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary lung carcinoma or lung cancer (LC) is classified into small-cell or non-small-cell (NSCLC) lung carcinoma. Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common subtype of NSCLC responsible for 30% of all LCs, and its survival remains low with only 24% of patients living for five years or longer post-diagnosis primarily due to the advanced stage of tumors at the time of diagnosis. The pathogenesis of LSCC is still poorly understood and has hampered the development of effective diagnostics and therapies. This review highlights the known risk factors, genetic and epigenetic alterations, miRNA biomarkers linked to the development and diagnosis of LSCC and the lack of therapeutic strategies to target specifically LSCC. We will also discuss existing animal models of LSCC including carcinogen induced, transgenic and xenograft mouse models, and their advantages and limitations along with the chemopreventive studies and molecular studies conducted using them. The importance of developing new and improved mouse models will also be discussed that will provide further insights into the initiation and progression of LSCC, and enable the identification of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sahu
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sophie Pickles
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vrushali Chimankar
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Y. Kim
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jay C. Horvart
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah Mazilli
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - J. Guy Lyons
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia, and Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Dumoulin DW, Aarts MJ, De Ruysscher D, Aerts JGJV, Dingemans AMC. Trends in the epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer: a Dutch nationwide population-based study over 1989-2020. Eur J Cancer 2023; 191:112985. [PMID: 37524025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study describes the evolving characteristics of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) from 1989 to 2020 in the Netherlands to analyse how the population of patients with SCLC has changed in the last decades, hypothesising that this might explain the little progress made in SCLC. METHODS Patients with SCLC diagnosed from 1989 to 2020 were selected from the Dutch cancer registry. Incidence, patient and disease characteristics, treatments, and overall survival (OS) were analysed. Joinpoint analyses were used to test annual percentage changes for statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 52,527 patients were diagnosed with SCLC. The absolute numbers of patients with SCLC remained equal over the years; however, the incidence rates decreased from 15.01 to 8.93 per 100,000 person-years. The proportion of women increased from 22% to 50%, and those aged ≥75 years increased from 20% to 25%. The latter coincided with a higher proportion receiving only the best supportive care (BSC) over the years (18-24%). The use of surgery in stage I increased from 2% to 37%. The proportion of patients diagnosed with stage IV increased from 46% to 70% due to better staging. The OS improved for all stages, with a 2-year OS rate for stage IV doubling from 3% to 6%. CONCLUSION The incidence of SCLC has significantly decreased over the last 30 years, with an increasing proportion of elderly and women. The male-female ratio became similar, and the OS improved. As a consequence of more elderly and probably more vulnerable patients, more patients received only the BSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne W Dumoulin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mieke J Aarts
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Department of Research and Development, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim G J V Aerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Dingemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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13
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Pustylnyak VO, Alekseenok EY, Perevalova AM, Kozlov VV, Gulyaeva LF. Tumor suppressor PTEN regulation by tobacco smoke in lung squamous-cell carcinoma based on bioinformatics analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19044. [PMID: 37609416 PMCID: PMC10440530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), is a tumor suppressor inactivated in a variety of human cancers. PTEN alteration correlates with lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LUSC) histology. However, it is still unclear how tobacco smoke regulates PTEN in LUSC tissues. In this study, we used free online databases and online tools to analyze PTEN expression and the role of smoking on PTEN alteration in patients with LUSC. We validated bioinformatics data by performing RT-PCR analysis using LUSC patient samples. Our results showed a correlation between the downregulation of PTEN in LUSC tissues compared to normal tissues and smoking exposure. In silico results using online platforms suggest that hsa-mir-301a down-regulates PTEN expression level in smoking patients with LUSC. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the PTEN expression was significantly decreased, whereas expression of hsa-mir-301a was up-regulated in the smoker cohort of LUSC tissue compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues. A significant negative correlation between PTEN and hsa-mir-301a levels was observed in tumour tissues in our cohort of LUSC patients. Our results suggest that the downregulation PTEN gene caused by tobacco smoke-mediated increase of hsa-mir-301a may play an important role in LUSC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir O. Pustylnyak
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Efim Y. Alekseenok
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Vadim V. Kozlov
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk Regional Oncology Center, 630108, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila F. Gulyaeva
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia
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14
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Denos M, Sun YQ, Jiang L, Brumpton BM, Mai XM. Age at Menarche, age at Natural Menopause, and Risk of Lung and Colorectal Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad077. [PMID: 37404243 PMCID: PMC10315561 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The roles of age at menarche and age at menopause in the etiology of lung and colorectal cancers are unclear. Objective We aimed to investigate potential causal associations between age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and risk of lung and colorectal cancers using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods From the Trøndelag Health Study in Norway, we defined two cohorts of 35 477 and 17 118 women to study the effects of age at menarche and age at natural menopause, respectively. We ran univariable MR to evaluate the potential causal associations. We performed multivariable MR adjusting for genetic variants of adult body mass index (BMI) to estimate the direct effect of age at menarche. Results Genetically predicted 1-year increase in age at menarche was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer overall (hazard ratio [HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.86), lung adenocarcinoma (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.38-0.99), and lung non-adenocarcinoma (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.95). After adjusting for adult BMI using a multivariable MR model, the direct effect estimates reduced to HR 0.72 (95% CI, 0.54-0.95) for lung cancer overall, HR 0.67 (95% CI, 0.43-1.03) for lung adenocarcinoma, and HR 0.77 (95% CI, 0.54-1.09) for lung non-adenocarcinoma. Age at menarche was not associated with colorectal cancer. Moreover, genetically predicted age at natural menopause was not associated with lung and colorectal cancers. Conclusion Our MR study suggested that later age at menarche was causally associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer overall and its subtypes, and adult BMI might be a mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Denos
- Correspondence: Marion Denos, MSc, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Håkon Jarls gate 11,7030 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Yi-Qian Sun
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ben Michael Brumpton
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xiao-Mei Mai
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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15
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New ML, Hirsch EA, Feser WJ, Malkoski SP, Garg K, Miller YE, Baron AE. Differences in VA and Non-VA Pulmonary Nodules: All Evaluations Are not Created Equal. Clin Lung Cancer 2023; 24:407-414. [PMID: 37012147 PMCID: PMC10293033 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indeterminate pulmonary nodules present a common challenge for clinicians who must recommend surveillance or intervention based on an assessed risk of malignancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cohort study, patients presenting for indeterminate pulmonary nodule evaluation were enrolled at sites participating in the Colorado SPORE in Lung Cancer. They were followed prospectively and included for analysis if they had a definitive malignant diagnosis, benign diagnosis, or radiographic resolution or stability of their nodule for > 2 years. RESULTS Patients evaluated at the Veterans Affairs (VA) and non-VA sites were equally as likely to have a malignant diagnosis (48%). The VA cohort represented a higher-risk group than the non-VA cohort regarding smoking history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There were more squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses among VA malignant nodules (25% vs. 10%) and a later stage at diagnosis among VA patients. Discrimination and calibration of risk calculators produced estimates that were wide-ranging and different when comparing between risk score calculators as well as between VA/non-VA cohorts. Application of current American College of Chest Physicians guidelines to our groups could have resulted in inappropriate resection of 12% of benign nodules. CONCLUSION Comparison of VA with non-VA patients shows important differences in underlying risk, histology of malignant nodules, and stage at diagnosis. This study highlights the challenge in applying risk calculators to a clinical setting, as the model discrimination and calibration were variable between calculators and between our higher-risk VA and lower-risk non-VA groups. MICROABSTRACT Risk stratification and management of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) is a common clinical problem. In this prospective cohort study of 282 patients with IPNs from Veterans Affairs (VA) and non-VA sites, we found differences in patient and nodule characteristics, histology and diagnostic stage, and risk calculator performance. Our findings highlight challenges and shortcomings of current IPN management guidelines and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L New
- University of Colorado, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, CO; Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO.
| | - Erin A Hirsch
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - William J Feser
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Stephen P Malkoski
- University of Colorado, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, CO; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WWAMI, Spokane, WA; Sound Critical Care, Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane, WA
| | - Kavita Garg
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO; University of Colorado, Department of Radiology, Aurora, CO
| | - York E Miller
- University of Colorado, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, CO; Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Anna E Baron
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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16
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Sugier P, Lucotte EA, Domenighetti C, Law MH, Iles MM, Brown K, Amos C, McKay JD, Hung RJ, Karimi M, Bacq‐Daian D, Boland‐Augé A, Olaso R, Deleuze J, Lesueur F, Ostroumova E, Kesminiene A, de Vathaire F, Guénel P, Sreelatha AAK, Schulte C, Grover S, May P, Bobbili DR, Radivojkov‐Blagojevic M, Lichtner P, Singleton AB, Hernandez DG, Edsall C, Mellick GD, Zimprich A, Pirker W, Rogaeva E, Lang AE, Koks S, Taba P, Lesage S, Brice A, Corvol J, Chartier‐Harlin M, Mutez E, Brockmann K, Deutschländer AB, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Dardiotis E, Stefanis L, Simitsi AM, Valente EM, Petrucci S, Straniero L, Zecchinelli A, Pezzoli G, Brighina L, Ferrarese C, Annesi G, Quattrone A, Gagliardi M, Matsuo H, Nakayama A, Hattori N, Nishioka K, Chung SJ, Kim YJ, Kolber P, van de Warrenburg BP, Bloem BR, Aasly J, Toft M, Pihlstrøm L, Guedes LC, Ferreira JJ, Bardien S, Carr J, Tolosa E, Ezquerra M, Pastor P, Diez‐Fairen M, Wirdefeldt K, Pedersen N, Ran C, Belin AC, Puschmann A, Rödström EY, Clarke CE, Morrison KE, Tan M, Krainc D, Burbulla LF, Farrer MJ, Kruger R, Gasser T, Sharma M, Truong T, Elbaz A. Investigation of Shared Genetic Risk Factors Between Parkinson's Disease and Cancers. Mov Disord 2023; 38:604-615. [PMID: 36788297 PMCID: PMC10334300 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies that examined the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancers led to inconsistent results, but they face a number of methodological difficulties. OBJECTIVE We used results from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to study the genetic correlation between PD and different cancers to identify common genetic risk factors. METHODS We used individual data for participants of European ancestry from the Courage-PD (Comprehensive Unbiased Risk Factor Assessment for Genetics and Environment in Parkinson's Disease; PD, N = 16,519) and EPITHYR (differentiated thyroid cancer, N = 3527) consortia and summary statistics of GWASs from iPDGC (International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium; PD, N = 482,730), Melanoma Meta-Analysis Consortium (MMAC), Breast Cancer Association Consortium (breast cancer), the Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome (prostate cancer), International Lung Cancer Consortium (lung cancer), and Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (ovarian cancer) (N comprised between 36,017 and 228,951 for cancer GWASs). We estimated the genetic correlation between PD and cancers using linkage disequilibrium score regression. We studied the association between PD and polymorphisms associated with cancers, and vice versa, using cross-phenotypes polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses. RESULTS We confirmed a previously reported positive genetic correlation of PD with melanoma (Gcorr = 0.16 [0.04; 0.28]) and reported an additional significant positive correlation of PD with prostate cancer (Gcorr = 0.11 [0.03; 0.19]). There was a significant inverse association between the PRS for ovarian cancer and PD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89 [0.84; 0.94]). Conversely, the PRS of PD was positively associated with breast cancer (OR = 1.08 [1.06; 1.10]) and inversely associated with ovarian cancer (OR = 0.95 [0.91; 0.99]). The association between PD and ovarian cancer was mostly driven by rs183211 located in an intron of the NSF gene (17q21.31). CONCLUSIONS We show evidence in favor of a contribution of pleiotropic genes to the association between PD and specific cancers. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Emmanuel Sugier
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications de PauE2S UPPA, CNRSPauFrance
| | - Elise A. Lucotte
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
| | - Cloé Domenighetti
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
| | - Matthew H. Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Mark M. Iles
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Brown
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchBaylor Medical College of MedecineHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoOntarioCanada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Mojgan Karimi
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
| | - Delphine Bacq‐Daian
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François JacobEvryFrance
| | - Anne Boland‐Augé
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François JacobEvryFrance
| | - Robert Olaso
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François JacobEvryFrance
| | - Jean‐françois Deleuze
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François JacobEvryFrance
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm, U900, Institut Curie, PSL University, Mines ParisTechParisFrance
| | | | | | - Florent de Vathaire
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, Team “Epidemiology of radiations,” CESPVillejuifFrance
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
| | | | - Ashwin Ashok Kumar Sreelatha
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied BiometryUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
| | - Claudia Schulte
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesTübingenGermany
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied BiometryUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
| | - Patrick May
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐BelvalLuxembourg
| | - Dheeraj R. Bobbili
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐BelvalLuxembourg
| | | | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Center For Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Connor Edsall
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - George D. Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanAustralia
| | | | - Walter Pirker
- Department of NeurologyKlinik OttakringViennaAustria
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Anthony E. Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders ClinicToronto Western Hospital, UHNTorontoOntarioCanada
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Krembil Brain InstituteTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Sulev Koks
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative TherapeuticsMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational ScienceNedlandsAustralia
| | - Pille Taba
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
- Neurology Clinic, Tartu University HospitalTartuEstonia
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Department of NeurologySorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de ParisParisFrance
| | - Alexis Brice
- Department of NeurologySorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de ParisParisFrance
| | - Jean‐Christophe Corvol
- Department of NeurologySorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de ParisParisFrance
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of NeurologyCIC NeurosciencesParisFrance
| | | | - Eugénie Mutez
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR‐S 1172, LilNCog, Centre de Recherche Lille Neurosciences & CognitionLilleFrance
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesTübingenGermany
| | - Angela B. Deutschländer
- Department of NeurologyLudwig Maximilians University of MunichMunichGermany
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryMunichGermany
| | - Georges M. Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology and Department of Clinical GenomicsMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of NeurogeneticsUniversity of Thessaly, University Hospital of LarissaLarissaGreece
- Department of NeurologyMedical School, University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of NeurogeneticsUniversity of Thessaly, University Hospital of LarissaLarissaGreece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational ResearchBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Simona Petrucci
- UOC Medical Genetics and Advanced Cell DiagnosticsS. Andrea University HospitalRomeItaly
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | | | - Anna Zecchinelli
- Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Gaetano Pini/CTOMilanItaly
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, Fontazione Grigioni–Via ZurettiMilanItaly
| | - Laura Brighina
- Department of NeurologySan Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of Milano BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- Department of NeurologySan Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of Milano BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute for Biomedical Research and InnovationNational Research CouncilCosenzaItaly
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesMagna Graecia University of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Neuroscience Research CenterMagna Graecia UniversityCatanzaroItaly
| | - Monica Gagliardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Neuroscience Research CenterMagna Graecia UniversityCatanzaroItaly
| | - Hirotaka Matsuo
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio‐Nano MedicineNational Defense Medical CollegeSaitamaJapan
| | - Akiyoshi Nakayama
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio‐Nano MedicineNational Defense Medical CollegeSaitamaJapan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of NeurologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Pierre Kolber
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg
| | - Bart P.C. van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R. Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Jan Aasly
- Department of NeurologySt. Olav's Hospital and Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Mathias Toft
- Department of NeurologyOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | | | - Leonor Correia Guedes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Neurology, Hospital de Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN)LisbonPortugal
| | - Joaquim J. Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Neurology, Hospital de Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN)LisbonPortugal
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Eduardo Tolosa
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED: CB06/05/0018‐ISCIII)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Lab of Parkinson's disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Institut de NeurociènciesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Germans Trias i PujolBarcelonaSpain
| | - Monica Diez‐Fairen
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua TerrassaBarcelonaSpain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of NeurologyHospital Universitari Mutua de TerrassaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Nancy Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Andrea C. Belin
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, NeurologyLundSweden
| | - Emil Ygland Rödström
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, NeurologyLundSweden
| | - Carl E. Clarke
- University of Birmingham and Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life SciencesQueens UniversityBelfastUnited Kingdom
| | - Manuela Tan
- Department of NeurologyOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Lena F. Burbulla
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesTübingenGermany
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Faculty of MedicineLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Matt J. Farrer
- Department of NeurologyMcKnight Brain Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Rejko Kruger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐BelvalLuxembourg
- NeurologyCentre Hospitalier de LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg
- Parkinson's Research ClinicCentre Hospitalier de LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg
- Transversal Translational MedicineLuxembourg Institute of HealthStrassenLuxembourg
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesTübingenGermany
| | - Manu Sharma
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied BiometryUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TubingenTübingenGermany
| | | | - Thérèse Truong
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESPVillejuifFrance
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Yang H, Wang X, Wang P, He L, Schick SF, Jacob P, Benowitz N, Gundel LA, Zhu C, Xia Y, Inman JL, Chang H, Snijders AM, Mao JH, Hang B. Thirdhand tobacco smoke exposure increases the genetic background-dependent risk of pan-tumor development in Collaborative Cross mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107876. [PMID: 36940581 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure is likely to induce adverse health effects. An important knowledge gap remains in our understanding of THS exposure related to cancer risk in the human population. Population-based animal models are useful and powerful in investigating the interplay between host genetics and THS exposure on cancer risk. Here, we used the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population-based model system, which recapitulates the genetic and phenotypic diversity observed in the human population, to assess cancer risk after a short period of exposure, between 4 and 9 weeks of age. Eight CC strains (CC001, CC019, CC026, CC036, CC037, CC041, CC042 and CC051) were included in our study. We quantified pan-tumor incidence, tumor burden per mouse, organ tumor spectrum and tumor-free survival until 18 months of age. At the population level, we observed a significantly increased pan-tumor incidence and tumor burden per mouse in THS-treated mice as compared to the control (p = 3.04E-06). Lung and liver tissues exhibited the largest risk of undergoing tumorigenesis after THS exposure. Tumor-free survival was significantly reduced in THS-treated mice compared to control (p = 0.044). At the individual strain level, we observed a large variation in tumor incidence across the 8 CC strains. CC036 and CC041 exhibited a significant increase in pan-tumor incidence (p = 0.0084 and p = 0.000066, respectively) after THS exposure compared to control. We conclude that early-life THS exposure increases tumor development in CC mice and that host genetic background plays an important role in individual susceptibility to THS-induced tumorigenesis. Genetic background is an important factor that should be taken into account when determining human cancer risk of THS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Suzyann F Schick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Peyton Jacob
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Clinical Pharmacology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Neal Benowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Clinical Pharmacology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lara A Gundel
- Indoor Environment Group, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Chi Zhu
- Hanszen College, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jamie L Inman
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hang Chang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Antoine M Snijders
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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18
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Roberts M, Ogden J, Hossain ASM, Chaturvedi A, Kerr ARW, Dive C, Beane JE, Lopez-Garcia C. Interrogating the precancerous evolution of pathway dysfunction in lung squamous cell carcinoma using XTABLE. eLife 2023; 12:e77507. [PMID: 36892933 PMCID: PMC10038660 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a type of lung cancer with a dismal prognosis that lacks adequate therapies and actionable targets. This disease is characterized by a sequence of low- and high-grade preinvasive stages with increasing probability of malignant progression. Increasing our knowledge about the biology of these premalignant lesions (PMLs) is necessary to design new methods of early detection and prevention, and to identify the molecular processes that are key for malignant progression. To facilitate this research, we have designed XTABLE (Exploring Transcriptomes of Bronchial Lesions), an open-source application that integrates the most extensive transcriptomic databases of PMLs published so far. With this tool, users can stratify samples using multiple parameters and interrogate PML biology in multiple manners, such as two- and multiple-group comparisons, interrogation of genes of interests, and transcriptional signatures. Using XTABLE, we have carried out a comparative study of the potential role of chromosomal instability scores as biomarkers of PML progression and mapped the onset of the most relevant LUSC pathways to the sequence of LUSC developmental stages. XTABLE will critically facilitate new research for the identification of early detection biomarkers and acquire a better understanding of the LUSC precancerous stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Roberts
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Julia Ogden
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Translational Lung Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
| | - AS Mukarram Hossain
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Anshuman Chaturvedi
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Department of Histopathology, The Christie HospitalManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Alastair RW Kerr
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Carlos Lopez-Garcia
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Translational Lung Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
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19
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Petrella F, Rizzo S, Attili I, Passaro A, Zilli T, Martucci F, Bonomo L, Del Grande F, Casiraghi M, De Marinis F, Spaggiari L. Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Overview of Treatment Options. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:3160-3175. [PMID: 36975452 PMCID: PMC10047909 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second-most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The most common histological type is non-small-cell lung cancer, accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases. About one out of three new cases of non-small-cell lung cancer are diagnosed at a locally advanced stage—mainly stage III—consisting of a widely heterogeneous group of patients presenting significant differences in terms of tumor volume, local diffusion, and lymph nodal involvement. Stage III NSCLC therapy is based on the pivotal role of multimodal treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy, and a wide-ranging option of systemic treatments. Radical surgery is indicated in the case of hilar lymphnodal involvement or single station mediastinal ipsilateral involvement, possibly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; the best appropriate treatment for multistation mediastinal lymph node involvement still represents a matter of debate. Although the main scope of treatments in this setting is potentially curative, the overall survival rates are still poor, ranging from 36% to 26% and 13% in stages IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC, respectively. The aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art treatments for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petrella
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0039-0257489362
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland (IIMSI), EOC, Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Zilli
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology, Oncological Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Martucci
- Radiation Oncology, Oncological Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bonomo
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland (IIMSI), EOC, Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Del Grande
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland (IIMSI), EOC, Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Monica Casiraghi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo De Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy
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20
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Schulze JB, Durante L, Günther MP, Götz A, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Opitz I, von Känel R, Euler S. Clinically Significant Distress and Physical Problems Detected on a Distress Thermometer are Associated With Survival Among Lung Cancer Patients. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2023; 64:128-135. [PMID: 36115496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distress thermometer is a well-established screening tool to detect clinically significant distress in cancer patients. It is often administered in combination with the problem list, differentiating further between various (e.g., physical and emotional) sources of distress. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to extend previous research on the association between distress and overall survival. A further exploratory analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the problem list for overall survival. METHODS Patients (n = 323) with newly diagnosed lung cancer were recruited from a large cancer center. Patients were split into 2 groups, those with (distress thermometer score ≥5) and those without significant distress. The overall survival time was illustrated by a Kaplan-Meier curve and compared with a log-rank test. Univariable Cox proportional hazard models were built to control the association of distress with overall survival for age, gender, disease stage, comorbidity, and their interaction terms. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the association of the items from the problem list with survival time. RESULTS Patients with significant distress had a shorter survival time than patients without significant distress (25 vs. 43 months). Regression analysis revealed more problems with both "bathing and dressing" and "eating," as well as absence of "diarrhea" and increased "nervousness," to negatively associated with the overall survival time. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that estimation of the survival function using cancer-related distress is possible. However, when using Cox regression, distress shows no significant value for survival as a predictor. Moreover, our study did not reveal an interaction effect among disease stage, comorbidity, and distress. Overall, results suggest that physical and emotional problems that arise from lung cancer may be useful to identify patients at risk of poor prognosis (on the basis of Kaplan-Meier estimator).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ben Schulze
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Larissa Durante
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Philipp Günther
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Götz
- Cancer Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Isabelle Opitz
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Euler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Kang SW, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Oh IJ, Song SY, Lee BC, Kim YH. Prognostic significance of location index in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:1028-1037. [PMID: 35815698 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221111678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the central location is a known adverse prognostic factor in lung cancer, a precise definition of central lung cancer has not yet emerged. PURPOSE To determine the prognostic significance of central lung cancer (defined by location index) in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC between 2010 and 2015 at a single tertiary cancer center were retrospectively reviewed. Central lung cancer was defined by a location index of the second tertile or less. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between central lung cancer and the prognosis of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Inter-observer agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Overall, 289 patients (169 men; median age 65 years; interquartile range 58-70 years) were evaluated. Central lung cancer (defined by location index) was adversely associated with RFS (P = 0.005) and OS (P = 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that central lung cancer was independently associated with poor RFS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-3.24; P = 0.017) and OS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69; 95% CI 1.04-2.74; P = 0.033). Location index demonstrated excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen's kappa value 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.93) with a high ICC (0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.98). CONCLUSION Central lung cancer defined by a location index of the second tertile or lower is an independent adverse prognostic factor in resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, 65416Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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22
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Hofmann L, Heinrich M, Baurecht H, Langguth B, Kreuzer PM, Knüttel H, Leitzmann MF, Seliger C. Suicide Mortality Risk among Patients with Lung Cancer-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4146. [PMID: 36901154 PMCID: PMC10002176 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The risk for suicide in patients with cancer is higher compared to the general population. However, little is known about patients with lung cancer specifically. We therefore implemented a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies on suicide in patients with lung cancer. We searched a high number of common databases up to 02/2021. For the systematic review, a total of 23 studies was included. To exclude bias due to patient sample overlap, the meta-analysis was performed on 12 studies. The pooled standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for suicide was 2.95 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 2.42-3.60) for patients with lung cancer as compared to the general population. Subgroups with a pronouncedly higher risk for suicide compared to the general population were found for patients living in the USA (SMR = 4.17, 95% CI = 3.88-4.48), with tumors of late stage (SMR = 4.68, 95% CI = 1.28-17.14), and within one year after diagnosis (SMR = 5.00, 95% CI = 4.11-6.08). An increased risk for suicide was found in patients with lung cancer, with subgroups at particular risk. Patients at increased risk should be monitored more closely for suicidality and should receive specialized psycho-oncological and psychiatric care. Further studies should clarify the role of smoking and depressive symptoms on suicidality among lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Hofmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nußbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter M. Kreuzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helge Knüttel
- University Library, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael F. Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Seliger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Incidence trends and spatial distributions of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1655. [PMID: 36717588 PMCID: PMC9887070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in Taiwan. After Taiwan implemented the Tobacco Hazards Prevention Act in 1997, smoking rates declined. However, the incidence rates of lung cancer for both sexes are still increasing, possibly due to risk factors other than smoking. We used age-period-cohort analysis to examine the secular trends of lung cancer incidence rates by histological type in Taiwan. A stabilized kriging method was employed to map these lung cancer incidence rates. Lung adenocarcinoma incidence rates increased, but lung squamous cell carcinoma incidence rates decreased, for both the sexes in recent birth cohorts, particularly in women. In Taiwan, the hotspots of lung adenocarcinoma incidence rates were in the northern, northeastern, and western coastal areas; the incidence rates increased rapidly in the western and southern coastal regions and southern mountainous regions. The high incidence rates of lung squamous cell carcinoma in men were in the southwestern and northeastern coastal areas. The incidence rates rapidly increased in the central and southern coastal and mountainous regions. For both sexes in Taiwan, lung squamous cell carcinoma incidence rates declined from 1997 to 2017, but lung adenocarcinoma increased. The increased incidence rates of lung adenocarcinoma may be related to indoor and outdoor air pollution. Some areas in Taiwan have increasing lung cancer incidence rates, including the northwestern and southern coasts and mountains, and warrant particular attention.
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24
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Wang Q, Gümüş ZH, Colarossi C, Memeo L, Wang X, Kong CY, Boffetta P. SCLC: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Genetic Susceptibility, Molecular Pathology, Screening, and Early Detection. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:31-46. [PMID: 36243387 PMCID: PMC10797993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We review research regarding the epidemiology, risk factors, genetic susceptibility, molecular pathology, and early detection of SCLC, a deadly tumor that accounts for 14% of lung cancers. We first summarize the changing incidences of SCLC globally and in the United States among males and females. We then review the established risk factor (i.e., tobacco smoking) and suspected nonsmoking-related risk factors for SCLC, and emphasize the importance of continued effort in tobacco control worldwide. Review of genetic susceptibility and molecular pathology suggests different molecular pathways in SCLC development compared with other types of lung cancer. Last, we comment on the limited utility of low-dose computed tomography screening in SCLC and on several promising blood-based molecular biomarkers as potential tools in SCLC early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Catania, Italy
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chung Yin Kong
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Family, Population & Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Vascular Invasion Predicts Recurrence in Stage IA2-IB Lung Adenocarcinoma but not Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 24:e126-e133. [PMID: 36631388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is an adverse prognostic feature in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, it is unclear if the prognostic significance applies to both lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of H&E-stained slides from surgically resected AJCC 8th ed. stage IA2-IB LUAD (n = 344) and LUSC (n = 102) from two institutions was performed. LVI was defined as either lymphatic (LI) or vascular (VI) invasion. Outcomes were assessed by 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) estimates using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The cohorts of LUAD and LUSC showed no significant differences in 5-year RFS (81% each), stage, age, race, or surgical procedure. The presence of LVI, VI, and LI was predictive of 5-year RFS for LUAD (LVI + 71% vs. LVI - 92%, P < 0.001; VI + 64% vs. VI - 90%, P < 0.001; LI + 75% vs. LI - 84%, P = 0.030) but not LUSC (LVI + 84% vs. LVI - 79%, P = 0.740; VI + 83% vs. VI- 80%, P = 0.852; LI + 84% vs. LI - 81%, P = 0.757). Among LUAD with LVI, VI was a stronger predictor of 5-year RFS than the remaining subset of VI-LI + tumors (64% vs. 87%, P = 004). Subset analysis of LI among LUAD stratified by VI showed no significant prognostic advantage to adding LI for risk stratification (VI-LI + 87% vs. VI-LI - 92%, P = 0.347 & VI+LI + 62% vs. VI + LI- 66%, P = 0.422). VI was present in 36% of LUAD. CONCLUSION Vascular invasion is a strong predictor of recurrence in stage IA2-IB LUAD but not in LUSC. Adjuvant therapy trials should be directed at this subgroup.
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Ernst SM, Mankor JM, van Riet J, von der Thüsen JH, Dubbink HJ, Aerts JGJV, de Langen AJ, Smit EF, Dingemans AMC, Monkhorst K. Tobacco Smoking-Related Mutational Signatures in Classifying Smoking-Associated and Nonsmoking-Associated NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 18:487-498. [PMID: 36528243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient-reported smoking history is frequently used as a stratification factor in NSCLC-directed clinical research. Nevertheless, this classification does not fully reflect the mutational processes in a tumor. Next-generation sequencing can identify mutational signatures associated with tobacco smoking, such as single-base signature 4 and indel-based signature 3. This provides an opportunity to redefine the classification of smoking- and nonsmoking-associated NSCLC on the basis of individual genomic tumor characteristics and could contribute to reducing the lung cancer stigma. METHODS Whole genome sequencing data and clinical records were obtained from three prospective cohorts of metastatic NSCLC (N = 316). Relative contributions and absolute counts of single-base signature 4 and indel-based signature 3 were combined with relative contributions of age-related signatures to divide the cohort into smoking-associated ("smoking high") and nonsmoking-associated ("smoking low") clusters. RESULTS The smoking high (n = 169) and smoking low (n = 147) clusters differed considerably in tumor mutational burden, signature contribution, and mutational landscape. This signature-based classification overlapped considerably with smoking history. Yet, 26% of patients with an active smoking history were included in the smoking low cluster, of which 52% harbored an EGFR/ALK/RET/ROS1 alteration, and 4% of patients without smoking history were included in the smoking high cluster. These discordant samples had similar genomic contexts to the rest of their respective cluster. CONCLUSIONS A substantial subset of metastatic NSCLC is differently classified into smoking- and nonsmoking-associated tumors on the basis of smoking-related mutational signatures than on the basis of smoking history. This signature-based classification more accurately classifies patients on the basis of genome-wide context and should therefore be considered as a stratification factor in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Ernst
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne M Mankor
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Job van Riet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrikus J Dubbink
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim G J V Aerts
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrianus J de Langen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert F Smit
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Dingemans
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kim Monkhorst
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zou K, Sun P, Huang H, Zhuo H, Qie R, Xie Y, Luo J, Li N, Li J, He J, Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Zhang Y. Etiology of lung cancer: Evidence from epidemiologic studies. JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER CENTER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jncc.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Heath AK, Muller DC, van den Brandt PA, Critselis E, Gunter M, Vineis P, Weiderpass E, Boeing H, Ferrari P, Merritt MA, Rostgaard‐Hansen AL, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Katzke V, Srour B, Masala G, Sacerdote C, Ricceri F, Pasanisi F, Bueno‐de‐Mesquita B, Downward GS, Skeie G, Sandanger TM, Crous‐Bou M, Rodríguez‐Barranco M, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Drake I, Johansson M, Johansson I, Key T, Papadimitriou N, Riboli E, Tzoulaki I, Tsilidis KK. Diet-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1935-1946. [PMID: 35830197 PMCID: PMC9804326 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear whether diet, and in particular certain foods or nutrients, are associated with lung cancer risk. We assessed associations of 92 dietary factors with lung cancer risk in 327 790 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per SD higher intake/day of each food/nutrient. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate and identified associations were evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). In EPIC, 2420 incident lung cancer cases were identified during a median of 15 years of follow-up. Higher intakes of fibre (HR per 1 SD higher intake/day = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87-0.96), fruit (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96) and vitamin C (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96) were associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, whereas offal (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.14), retinol (HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10) and beer/cider (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07) intakes were positively associated with lung cancer risk. Associations did not differ by sex and there was less evidence for associations among never smokers. None of the six associations with overall lung cancer risk identified in EPIC were replicated in the NLCS (2861 cases), however in analyses of histological subtypes, inverse associations of fruit and vitamin C with squamous cell carcinoma were replicated in the NLCS. Overall, there is little evidence that intakes of specific foods and nutrients play a major role in primary lung cancer risk, but fruit and vitamin C intakes seem to be inversely associated with squamous cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K. Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - David C. Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Elena Critselis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthensGreece
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsHarokopio UniversityAthensGreece
- Department of Primary Care and Population HealthUniversity of Nicosia Medical SchoolNicosiaCyprus
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on CancerWorld Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of EpidemiologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐RehbrückeBergholz‐RehbrückeGermany
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on CancerWorld Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | - Melissa A. Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | | | | | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Bernard Srour
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute of Cancer ResearchPrevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO)FlorenceItaly
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer EpidemiologyCittà della Salute e della Scienza University‐HospitalTurinItaly
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
- Unit of EpidemiologyRegional Health Service ASL TO3GrugliascoItaly
| | - Fabrizio Pasanisi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e ChirurgiaFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health ServicesNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - George S. Downward
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental EpidemiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Torkjel M. Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Marta Crous‐Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Miguel Rodríguez‐Barranco
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP)GranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GranadaGranadaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque GovernmentSub‐Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of GipuzkoaSan SebastiánSpain
- Biodonostia Health Research InstituteEpidemiology and Public Health AreaSan SebastiánSpain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Department of EpidemiologyMurcia Regional Health Council, IMIB‐ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Navarra Public Health InstitutePamplonaSpain
- IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, OncologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ingegerd Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Section of CardiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
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Fagan MJ, Duncan MJ, Bedi RP, Puterman E, Leatherdale ST, Faulkner G. Physical activity and substance use among Canadian adolescents: Examining the moderating role of school connectedness. Front Public Health 2022; 10:889987. [PMID: 36438291 PMCID: PMC9686278 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.889987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity may play a role in promoting or preventing substance use among youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between different types of physical activity [i.e., non-competitive school sport, competitive school sport, outside of school sport and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day] and substance use (i.e., current smoking, e-cigarette, cannabis, binge drinking) among Canadian youth. Interaction effects between physical activity and school connectedness were also examined. Using data from the COMPASS study (2018-19; n = 73,672), four multi-level logistic regression models were developed to investigate whether physical activity lessened or worsened the odds of (1) smoking; (2) e-cigarette use; (3) cannabis use; and (4) binge drinking. Models were stratified by gender to reflect the inherent differences between genders. Models were adjusted for demographic factors and other covariates. Sport participation was consistently associated with substance use, whereas less evidence was found for meeting MVPA guidelines. Non-competitive school sport lessened the odds of cannabis use for males and females. However, non-competitive school sport only lessened the odds of e-cigarette use for females but increased the odds of binge drinking for males. Participation in competitive school sport lessened the odds of cigarette smoking but increased the odds of e-cigarette use and binge drinking for males and females. Outside of school sport lessened the odds of cigarette smoking and cannabis use but increased the odds of e-cigarette use and binge drinking for males and females. A significant moderation effect was found for males participating in sport outside of school and meeting MVPA guidelines who were at a lower risk of e-cigarette use in the presence of high levels of school connectedness. Our study provides evidence for further consideration and provision of extracurricular activities, specifically non-competitive sport, in protecting against substance use. Caution is required in claiming that sport participation or physical activity, in general, is negatively associated with substance use among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew James Fagan
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,*Correspondence: Matthew James Fagan
| | | | | | - Eli Puterman
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Guy Faulkner
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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30
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Body mass index and incidence of lung cancer in the HUNT study: using observational and Mendelian randomization approaches. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1152. [DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Traditional observational studies have shown an inverse association between body mass index (BMI) and lung cancer risk. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic variants as instruments for BMI may clarify the nature of the association.
Aims
We studied the causal association between BMI and lung cancer incidence using observational and MR approaches.
Methods
We followed up 62,453 cancer-free Norwegian adults from 1995–97 (HUNT2) until 2017. BMI at baseline in HUNT2 was classified as < 25.0, 25.0–29.9 and ≥ 30.0 kg/m2. BMI change over ten years between HUNT1 (1984–86) and HUNT2 was calculated and classified into quartiles. Seventy-five genetic variants were included as instruments for BMI (among which 14 also associated with smoking behavior). Incident lung cancer cases were ascertained from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariable MR was used to examine the effect of BMI after genetically controlling for smoking.
Results
During a median follow-up of 21.1 years, 1009 participants developed lung cancer including 327 with lung adenocarcinoma. The HRs and 95% CIs for incidence of adenocarcinoma were 0.73 (0.58–0.92) for BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 and 0.53 (0.37–0.76) for BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 compared with BMI < 25.0 kg/m2 in HUNT2 (P for trend < 0.001). However, there was little evidence of a dose–response relationship between the BMI change from HUNT1 to HUNT2 in quartiles and the incidence of adenocarcinoma (P for trend = 0.08). Furthermore, multivariable MR approach suggested a positive association between genetically determined 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI and the incidence of adenocarcinoma (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.53). No associations were found with other lung cancer histologic types.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that the inverse association between baseline BMI and lung adenocarcinoma in observational analysis may not be causal. More MR studies are needed to confirm our finding of a positive association between BMI and lung adenocarcinoma.
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Song J, Jin C, Cheng X. The association between cigarette smoking and health care service utilization among middle-aged and elderly adults in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:952357. [PMID: 36408002 PMCID: PMC9667111 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.952357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the associations between tobacco use and health care service utilization in Chinese individuals aged more or equal to 40 years old. Method This research was a cross-sectional study using data from eight provinces in China, and the final sample consisted of 4,733 observations (4,749 participants) aged more or equal to 40 years old. The dependent variable was health care utilization measured by outpatient and inpatient service utilization. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the socio-demographic characteristics of the sample according to smoking status. The association between tobacco use and health care service utilization was examined by an instrumental variable (IV) probit model. Results Of the respondents interviewed in 2020, 3,116 (65.84%) were never smokers, 654 (13.82%) were smokers with the smoking index (SI) <400, and 963(20.34%) were smokers with SI≥400. Smokers with SI <400 reported a 6.80% higher probability of using outpatient services. Smokers with SI <400 and SI≥400 reported a 3.10 and 4.20% higher average probability of using ≥3 outpatient visits than never smokers, respectively. Additionally, smokers with SI <400 and SI≥400 reported a 6.30 and 6.20% higher average probability of using inpatient services than those who had not smoked. Moreover, smokers with SI≥400 were more likely to have had ≥2 hospital visits than nonsmokers. Conclusions Smokers make greater use of health care services. Control of smoking may ease the burden of related health care utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Song
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggang Jin
- Research Center for Health and Social Policy, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xi Cheng
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Shan L, Zhang L, Zhu X, Wang Z, Fang S, Lin J, Wang J, Li N, Liu H, Zhang X, Feng Y, Liu J, Pan J, Ye G, Yu X, Tufman A, Katalinic A, Goldmann T, Petersen F, Jiang J, Geng G, Yu X. Chinese never smokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung are younger and have fewer lymph node metastases than smokers. Respir Res 2022; 23:293. [PMID: 36309662 PMCID: PMC9617301 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancers arising in never smokers have been suggested to be substantially different from lung cancers in smokers at an epidemiological, genetic and molecular level. Focusing on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we characterized lung cancer patients in China looking for demographic and clinical differences between the smoking and never-smoking subgroups. Methods In total, 891 patients with NSCLC, including 841 with adenocarcinoma and 50 with squamous cell carcinoma, were recruited in this study. Association of smoking status with demographic and clinical features of NSCLC was determined, and risk factors for lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were evaluated using Multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results In patients with adenocarcinoma, never smokers showed a younger age at diagnosis (54.2 ± 12.7vs. 59.3 ± 9.4, padjusted<0.001), a lower risk for lymph node metastasis than smokers (7,6% vs. 19.5%, padjusted<0.001) and less severe disease as indicated by lower percentages of patients with TNM stage of III or IV (5.5% vs. 14.7%, padjusted<0.001 ). By contrast, these associations were not observed in 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking status was a risk factor for lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.39–5.31, p = 0.004) but not for TNM stage (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.09–14.43, p = 0.896) in adenocarcinoma. Conclusion This study demonstrates that lung adenocarcinoma in never smokers significantly differ from those in smokers regarding both age at diagnosis and risk of lymph node metastasis, supporting the notion that they are distinct entries with different etiology and pathogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02199-z.
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Bovio N, Grzebyk M, Arveux P, Bulliard JL, Chiolero A, Fournier E, Germann S, Konzelmann I, Maspoli M, Rapiti E, Guseva Canu I. Work-Related Factors and Lung Cancer Survival: A Population-Based Study in Switzerland (1990-2014). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13856. [PMID: 36360735 PMCID: PMC9657856 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While previous Swiss studies have demonstrated differences in lung cancer mortality between occupational groups, no estimates are available on the association of occupation-related factors with lung cancer survival. This study aimed at determining whether occupation or work-related factors after diagnosis affect lung cancer survival. We used cancer registry records to identify lung cancer patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2014 in western Switzerland (n = 5773) matched with the Swiss National Cohort. The effect of occupation, the skill level required for the occupation, and the socio-professional category on 5-year lung cancer survival was assessed using non-parametric and parametric methods, controlling for histological type and tumour stage. We found that the net survival varied across skill levels and that the lowest skill level was associated with worse survival in both men and women. In the parametric models with minimal adjustment, we identified several occupational groups at higher risk of mortality compared to the reference category, particularly among men. After adjustment for histological type of lung cancer and tumour stage at diagnosis, most hazard ratios remained higher than 1, though non-statistically significant. Compared to top managers and self-employed workers, workers in paid employment without specific information on occupation were identified as the most at-risk socio-professional category in nearly all models. As this study was conducted using a relatively small sample and limited set of covariates, further studies are required, taking into account smoking habits and administrated cancer treatments. Information on return to work and working conditions before and after lung cancer diagnosis will also be highly valuable for analysing their effect on net lung cancer survival in large nationwide or international studies. Such studies are essential for informing health and social protection systems, which should guarantee appropriate work conditions for cancer survivors, beneficial for their quality of life and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bovio
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Grzebyk
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), 54500 Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Arveux
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Bulliard
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neuchâtel and Jura Cancer Registry, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Chiolero
- Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Valais Cancer Registry, Valais Health Observatory, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Evelyne Fournier
- Geneva Cancer Registry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simon Germann
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Manuela Maspoli
- Neuchâtel and Jura Cancer Registry, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Rapiti
- Geneva Cancer Registry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Expression Profiles of AQP3 and AQP4 in Lung Adenocarcinoma Samples Generated via Bronchoscopic Biopsies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195954. [PMID: 36233821 PMCID: PMC9573329 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are highly conserved channel proteins which are mainly responsible for the exchange of water and small molecules and have shown to play a pivotal role in the development and progression of cancer. Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common primary lung cancer seen in patients in Europe and the United States. However, in patients it is often not diagnosed until the advanced tumor stage is present. Previous studies provided strong evidence that some members of the AQP family could serve as clinical biomarkers for different diseases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate how AQP3 and AQP4 protein expression in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) biopsy samples correlate with clinical and pathological parameters. The protein expression of AQP3 and AQP4 was analyzed based on immunohistochemical staining. AQP3 protein was observed in the cytoplasmic membrane of cancer tissue in 82% of lung samples. Significant differences in relative protein expression of AQP3 were noted between advanced age patients compared to younger counterparts (p = 0.017). A high expression of AQP3 was significant in cancer tissue when compared to the control group (p < 0.001), whereas a low AQP4 membrane expression was noted as significantly common in cancer tissue compared to non-neoplastic lung tissue (p < 0.001). Moreover, a low AQP4 membrane expression was positively correlated with a more advanced disease status, e.g., lymph node metastases (p = 0.046). Based on our findings, AQP3 and AQP4 could be used as biomarkers in ADC patients.
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A comparison of lung cancer in HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations. Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med 2022; 28:10.7196/AJTCCM.2022.v28i2.162. [PMID: 35991342 PMCID: PMC9366453 DOI: 10.7196/ajtccm.2022.v28i2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and is the greatest contributor to malignancy-associated deaths. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an epidemic in many developing countries and South Africa carries the largest burden of this disease in the world. With the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining malignancies (ADMs) are on the decline and non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADMs) are becoming more common, with lung cancer being the most common among these. Objectives To describe and compare a cohort of HIV-positive lung cancer patients and a cohort of HIV-negative lung cancer patients. Methods A retrospective study of 188 patients with histologically confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma was conducted. Smoking history, cancer sub-type, cancer stage, HIV parameters and demographic data were collected. Results There were 31 (16.94%) HIV-positive patients. They presented at a younger age (53.94 years) than the HIV-negative group (61.64 years) (p=0.0001). Adenocarcinoma was the most common sub-type in the HIV-negative cohort while squamous cell carcinoma was slightly more common in the HIV-positive cohort. Both groups predominantly presented with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Conclusion HIV-positive patients present at a younger age than HIV-negative patients and both groups show a male-predominant pattern.
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Mbeje NP, Ginindza T, Jafta N. Epidemiological Study of Risk Factors for Lung Cancer in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6752. [PMID: 35682333 PMCID: PMC9180813 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence cancer rates are due to factors such as behavior, occupational exposures, genetics, environmental pollution and infections. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with lung cancer among patients seen in the public health facilities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In this case-control study, 75 cases and 159 controls were interviewed using a structured close-ended questionnaire. Logistic regression showed a positive association between lung cancer and tobacco smoking (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.21-6.77) and exposure to passive smoke (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.48-7.30). When adjusted for other covariates, tobacco smoking and passive smoke were still positively associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Alcohol consumption (aORs ranging from 2.79 to 3.35) and history of lung disease (aORs ranging from 9.91 to 12.1) were statistically significantly associated with lung cancer. Our study suggests that tobacco smoke exposure is the major cause of lung cancer, and increased exposure to occupational and environmental carcinogenic substances, alcohol consumption and history of lung disease increase the risk of lung cancer. Based on our findings, policy development and planning of prevention strategies incorporating smoking legislations, occupational health and safety are essential in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noluthando P. Mbeje
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (T.G.); (N.J.)
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Themba Ginindza
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (T.G.); (N.J.)
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Nkosana Jafta
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (T.G.); (N.J.)
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
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Zhang Y, Zhong G, Zhu M, Chen L, Wan H, Luo F. Association Between Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet and Lung Cancer Risk in 98,159 Participants: Results From a Prospective Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:855101. [PMID: 35574372 PMCID: PMC9097267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.855101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the association between diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) score and the risk of lung cancer in a large population. Methods Data of participants in this study were collected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the Cox proportional hazards regression model for the association of DRRD score and lung cancer incidence in all included participants. Prespecified subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate whether the observed association was modified by age, sex, BMI, race/ethnicity, family history of lung cancer, smoking status and history of diabetes. Results A total of 98,159 participants were included in this study. The mean (SD) age of the study participants cohort at baseline was 65.5 (5.73) years old. The mean (SD) follow-up time was 8.83 (1.96) years. The mean (SD) score of DRRD was 26.82 (5.19), and ranged from 20.47 (2.3) to 33.65 (2.42) from the lowest quartile to the highest quartile of the DRRD score, inferring the possibility of highest through the lowest risk of type 2 diabetes. The calculated HRs showed there was a trend that higher quartile indicated lower risk of lung cancer after adjusted for covariates (HRQ4vsQ1: 0.85; 95% CI:0.73,0.98; p for trend =0.036). The inverse trend between higher DRRD score and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma was more evident (HRQ4vsQ1: 0.50; 95% CI:0.34,0.73; p for trend =0.002). The inverse association between DRRD score and the incidence of lung cancer was more pronounced in participants who had a clear family history of lung cancer (p for interaction=0.016). Conclusion A protective association between DRRD score and risk of lung cancer is obtained. People are encouraged to adhere to higher DRRD score in their daily diet. Further studies should be conducted to confirm the result and explore the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guochao Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huajing Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Qin Y, Chen Y, Chen J, Xu K, Xu F, Shi J. The relationship between previous pulmonary tuberculosis and risk of lung cancer in the future. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:20. [PMID: 35525982 PMCID: PMC9078090 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Various investigations have expanded the views that tuberculosis is an important risk factor for lung cancer occurrence. Lung cancer originates from chronic inflammation and infection. It is becoming clearer that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in tuberculosis patients meticulously schemes multiple mechanisms to induce tumor formation and is indispensable to participate in the occurrence of lung cancer. In addition, some additional factors such as age, sex and smoking, accelerate the development of lung cancer after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The clarification of these insights is fostering new diagnoses and therapeutic approaches to prevention of the patients developing from tuberculosis into lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Qin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, No. 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China.,Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Nantong Clinical Medical Research Center of Cardiothoracic Disease, and Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Nantong Clinical Medical Research Center of Cardiothoracic Disease, and Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, No. 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuang Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, No. 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China
| | - Feifan Xu
- Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University, No. 500 Yonghe Road, Nantong, China.
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Nantong Clinical Medical Research Center of Cardiothoracic Disease, and Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Effects of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab on the suppression of cisplatin resistant small cell lung cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:709-717. [PMID: 35438354 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for nearly 10-15% of all lung cancer cases. Although many chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin and etoposide, were approved as primary therapy for SCLC patients, the prognosis is poor. In this study, we aimed to explore novel therapeutic strategy against SCLC. METHODS Two SCLC cell lines, LTEP-P and LTEP-P/DDP1.0, were treated with cisplatin, in the absence or presence of Nivolumab + Ipilimumab combination, and the cell viability was measured. Tumor size and mouse survival rate were examined upon different drug treatments. Protein levels of PD-1 and CTLA4 were detected in normal and SCLC cells by Western blot. Cellular cytotoxicity induced by T lymphocytes was measured by thymidine incorporation assay. Tumor infiltrated T cell populations from LTEP-P and LTEP/DDP1.0 tumor-bearing mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS LTEP-P cells, but not LTEP/DDP1.0 cells, exhibited decreased cell viability upon cisplatin, Nivolumab and Ipilimumab combinational treatment. T lymphocytes significantly inhibited the growth of LTEP-P cells in the presence of nivolumab and ipilimumab. The combinational therapy improved survival rate and inhibited tumor growth in LTEP-P tumor-bearing mice, but showed no effect on LTEP/DDP1.0 tumor-bearing mice. Nivolumab and Ipilimumab synergized with cisplatin in increasing CD8 + and CD4 + T cell population, while decreasing Treg population in LTEP-P tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS The combinational therapy by cisplatin, Nivolumab and Ipilimumab could be an effective strategy against LTEP-P cells, accompanied with increased cytotoxic T cell populations, but has no significant effect against DDP-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Grzywa-Celińska A, Chmielewska I, Krusiński A, Kozak K, Mazur J, Grządziel D, Dos Santos Szewczyk K, Milanowski J. Residential Radon Exposure in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer in Lublin Region, Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074257. [PMID: 35409936 PMCID: PMC8999081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to radon is the second most common factor causing lung cancer in smokers and the first among non-smokers. We aimed to measure the impact of the radon exposure on patients with different histological types of advanced lung cancer. The measurement of radon exposure was performed in 102 patients with lung cancer in stage 3B or higher (Poland). There were 78.4% of patients with non-small cell carcinoma and 21.6% of patients with small cell carcinoma. One month radon exposure measurement was performed with trace detectors in order to control whether high radon concentrations (>800 Bq/m3) were found in the homes of patients with cancer diagnosed. Results of the determinations were then compared with the representation of the most common types of lung cancer in the study population. In the analyzed group, the average concentration of radon during the exposure of the detector in the residential premises of the respondents accounted for 69.0 Bq/m3 [37.0−117.0] and had no statistically significant effect on the type of lung cancer developed in patients. The lack of statistical significance may result from the small study group and the accompanying exposure to other harmful components. As the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma is increasing and exposure to tobacco smoke is decreasing, the search for other modifiable causes of lung cancer should be the task in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grzywa-Celińska
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.C.); (A.K.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-7244431
| | - Izabela Chmielewska
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.C.); (A.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Adam Krusiński
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.C.); (A.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Kozak
- Laboratory of Radiometric Expertise, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (J.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Jadwiga Mazur
- Laboratory of Radiometric Expertise, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (J.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Dominik Grządziel
- Laboratory of Radiometric Expertise, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, 31-342 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (J.M.); (D.G.)
| | | | - Janusz Milanowski
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.C.); (A.K.); (J.M.)
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Wang Z, Kim J, Zhang P, Galvan Achi JM, Jiang Y, Rong L. Current therapy and development of therapeutic agents for lung cancer. CELL INSIGHT 2022; 1:100015. [PMID: 37193130 PMCID: PMC10120308 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2022.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, great progress has been made for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. Yet, lung cancer remains as the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In this manuscript, we describe the current genetic and molecular characterization of lung cancer subtypes, review up-to-date treatment options for lung cancer patients, summarize the antibodies and small molecule drugs under clinical development, and elaborate on the expression and characteristics of important RTK primary targets and representative preclinical agents which may provide new opportunities for lung cancer treatment. Since gefitinib was first introduced to non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients in 2002, remarkable progress has been made in targeted therapy for NSCLC patients with the development of multiple generations of small molecule inhibitors targeting relevant driver mutations. However, very little achievement has been made in the development of targeted drugs for small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The successful harness of immune checkpoint inhibitors against PD-1/PD-L1 has marked a major advancement in recent lung cancer treatment. Looking forward, therapeutic strategies that tackle brain metastasis are highly desirable, the combination of molecular testing and strategies tailored to tackle tumor heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms is the key direction for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilai Wang
- Chicago BioSolutions, Inc., 2242 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Pin Zhang
- Chicago BioSolutions, Inc., 2242 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jazmin M. Galvan Achi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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MUC6 expression is a preferable prognostic marker for invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 157:671-684. [PMID: 35353213 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Gastric gland mucin consists of core protein MUC6 with residues heavily glycosylated by unique O-glycans carrying α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc). αGlcNAc-glycosylated MUC6 protein is seen in normal gastric and duodenal glands. Decreased αGlcNAc glycosylation on MUC6-positive tumor cells is often observed in premalignant lesions of the stomach, pancreas, and bile duct, and decreased MUC6 expression is seen in invasive cancer of these organs. Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Recently, the adenocarcinoma subtype has become the most common histological subtype of LC, and one of its invasive forms is invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Currently, prognostic markers of LC IMA are unknown. Here, we analyzed MUC5AC, MUC6, and αGlcNAc expression in 54 IMA LC cases. MUC5AC was positively expressed in 50 (93%), MUC6 in 38 (70%), and αGlcNAc in 19 (35%). Each expression level was scored from 0 to 3. The αGlcNAc expression score was significantly decreased relative to MUC6 (P < 0.001). Interestingly, disease-free survival was significantly higher in MUC6-positive than MUC6-negative cases based on the log-rank test (P = 0.021). For in vitro analysis, we ectopically expressed MUC6 in A549 cells, derived from LC and harboring a KRAS mutation. MUC6-expressing A549 cells showed significantly lower proliferation, motility, and invasiveness than control cells. Finally, F-actin staining in MUC6-expressing cells revealed a decrease or loss of filopodia associated with decreased levels of FSCN transcripts, which encodes an actin-bundling protein fascin1 necessary for cell migration. We conclude that MUC6 expression is a preferable prognostic biomarker in IMA LC.
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Estimation of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in upper northern Thailand. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5169. [PMID: 35338199 PMCID: PMC8956686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer, after smoking. In upper northern Thailand (UNT), lung cancer incidence was frequently reported by Thailand National Cancer Institute. Besides smoking, radon exposure may also influence the high lung cancer incidence in this region. Indoor radon concentrations were measured in 192 houses in eight provinces of UNT. Indoor radon concentrations ranged from 11 to 405 Bq m−3 and estimated annual effective dose ranged from 0.44 to 12.18 mSv y−1. There were significant differences in indoor radon concentrations between the houses of lung cancer cases and healthy controls (p = 0.033). We estimated that 26% of lung cancer deaths in males and 28% in females were attributable to indoor radon exposure in this region. Other factors influencing indoor radon levels included house characteristics and ventilation. The open window-to-wall ratio was negatively associated with indoor radon levels (B = −0.69, 95% CI −1.37, −0.02) while the bedroom location in the house and building material showed no association. Indoor radon hence induced the fractal proportion of lung cancer deaths in UNT.
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Impact of Tobacco Smoking on Outcomes of Radiotherapy: A Narrative Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:2284-2300. [PMID: 35448160 PMCID: PMC9031077 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29040186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The carcinogenic role of tobacco smoking is well recognized, but the detrimental effects of continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis have been underestimated. Radiotherapy is among the main treatment modalities for cancer. We reviewed the literature data concerning the impact of tobacco smoking on treatment outcomes in radiotherapy-managed patients with various malignancies. Most of the analyzed studies demonstrated the detrimental effect of smoking on overall survival, tumor control, quality of life, treatment toxicity, and the incidence of second primary malignancies. Healthcare professionals should use the cancer diagnosis and treatment as a teachable moment and recommend their patients to immediately cease smoking. Wherever possible, cancer patients should undergo an intensive smoking-cessation program, including behavioral and pharmacologic therapy.
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Vadukoot AK, Mottemmal S, Vekaria PH. Curcumin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Certain Cancer Types. Cureus 2022; 14:e22825. [PMID: 35399416 PMCID: PMC8980239 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease condition and is the second most common etiology of death globally. After decades of research in the field of hematological malignancies and cellular therapeutics, we are still looking for therapeutic agents with the most efficacies and least toxicities. Curcumin is one of the cancer therapeutic agents that is derived from the Curcuma longa (turmeric) plant, and still in vitro and in vivo research is going on to find its beneficial effects on various cancers. Due to its potency to affect multiple targets of different cellular pathways, it is considered a promising agent to tackle various cancers alone or in combination with the existing chemotherapies. This review covers basic properties, mechanism of action, potential targets (molecules and cell-signaling pathways) of curcumin, as well as its effect on various solid and hematological malignancies.
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Stabellini N, Bruno DS, Dmukauskas M, Barda AJ, Cao L, Shanahan J, Waite K, Montero AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex differences in lung cancer treatment and outcomes at a large hybrid academic-community practice. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100307. [PMID: 35400080 PMCID: PMC8983352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions
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Modulation of chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer by sex and histology: a real-world, patient-level analysis. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:80. [PMID: 35045806 PMCID: PMC8767728 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been postulated that patient’s sex impacts response to immunotherapy. Sex modulation of immunotherapy benefit, however, has not yet been explored using patient-level data, where potential confounders, as well as histologic type, can be accounted for. Here we investigated the association between sex and chemoimmunotherapy efficacy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using a large, nation-wide dataset. Patients & methods Stage IV NSCLC patients diagnosed in 2015 were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Patients were treated with either chemoimmunotherapy or chemotherapy alone. The efficacy of the addition of immunotherapy treatment by sex was investigated using both an adjusted Cox proportional hazards model and propensity-score matching, in both the overall cohort and stratified by histological subtype. Results 2064 (16%) patients received chemoimmunotherapy and10,733 (84%) received chemotherapy alone. Adjusted survival analysis in the overall cohort showed that both males (hazards ratio (HR)adj: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.74–0.87) and females (HRadj: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76–0.90) had better OS when treated with chemoimmunotherapy than chemotherapy alone, with no statistically significant interaction between sex and receipt of immunotherapy (p = 0.63). Propensity matching confirmed these results. However, for those with squamous cell histology, male patients derived more benefit from chemoimmunotherapy treatment than females (HRadj: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.91 vs HRadj: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.76–1.38; p for interaction = 0.07). Conclusion Male patients with squamous cell carcinoma may derive more benefit from chemoimmunotherapy treatment. Histology likely plays an important role in how sex modulates immunotherapy efficacy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09187-y.
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Analysis of Histopathological Findings of Lung Carcinoma in Czech Black Coal Miners in Association with Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020710. [PMID: 35055532 PMCID: PMC8775382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coal miners with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP, J60 according to ICD-10) were previously found to have a significantly higher risk of lung carcinoma compared to the general male population. The presented study aimed to analyze the (i) incidence of lung carcinoma in miners, (ii) histopathological findings in cohorts with and without CWP, and (iii) effect of smoking cessation on the histopathological profile. Analyzed cohorts consisted of miners with (n = 3476) and without (n = 6687) CWP. Data on personal and working history obtained from the medical records were combined with information on lung cancer from the Czech Oncological Register and histopathological findings. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests and the incidence risk ratio at the significance level of 5%. In 1992-2015, 180 miners (2.7%) without CWP and 169 (4.9%) with CWP, respectively, were diagnosed with lung carcinoma. The risk of lung cancer in miners with CWP was 1.82 (95% CI: 1.48-2.25) times higher than in those without CWP. Squamous cell carcinoma (37%) was the most common histopathological type, followed by adenocarcinoma (22%) and small cell carcinoma (21%). A statistically significant difference between the cohorts (p = 0.003) was found in the histopathological subtypes, with the incidence of small cell carcinoma being 2 times higher in miners without CWP than in those with CWP. Only a few individuals with lung carcinoma were non-smokers. The incidence of small cell carcinoma, which is strongly associated with smoking, is significantly higher in miners without CWP. Smoking constitutes the most important risk factor for developing lung carcinoma even in that cohort. However, CWP remains a very important risk factor.
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Bovio N, Wild P, Guseva Canu I. Lung Cancer Mortality in the Swiss Working Population: The Effect of Occupational and Non-Occupational Factors. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:1029-1036. [PMID: 34173787 PMCID: PMC8631151 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of occupational exposures on lung cancer mortality in Switzerland after adjustment for non-occupational lung carcinogens. METHODS Using data on 4,351,383 Swiss residents, we used negative binomial regression to assess the effect occupation on lung cancer mortality between 1990 and 2014, accounting for socio-demographic factors, predicted probabilities of smoking and measured environmental radon exposure. RESULTS After adjustment, male machine operators and workers in mining, stone working and building materials manufacturing showed the highest risk. Women working in electrical engineering, electronics, watchmaking, vehicle construction and toolmaking, and transport occupations also remained at high risk. Radon exposure had no effect on lung cancer mortality, while smoking demonstrated a significant effect in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the presence of occupational exposures to lung carcinogens in addition to non-occupational factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bovio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Bovio, Dr Wild, and Pr Canu); INRS, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy Cedex, France (Dr Wild)
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Jha G, Azhar S, Rashid U, Khalaf H, Alhalabi N, Ravindran D, Ahmad R. Epigenetics: The Key to Future Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Lung Cancer. Cureus 2021; 13:e19770. [PMID: 34820248 PMCID: PMC8606102 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the major cause of cancer-related mortality around the globe. The interplay of permanent genetic and dynamic epigenetic changes leads to the onset and progression of lung cancer. The diagnosis is often made at an advanced stage when the prognosis is dismal and therapy choices are restricted. Epigenetic association with lung cancer has long been studied but with fewer success rates. Research is still progressing, and with an advanced understanding of human genomics, more and more information is being unveiled. In the last decade, epigenetics and particularly research on DNA methylation and histone modification have provided vital information to understand lung cancer pathogenesis better. As a result, stage-specific epigenetic modifications can be employed as strong and reliable tools for early lung cancer detection and patient prognosis monitoring. The information on epigenetic biomarkers for lung cancer is summarised in this review, which focuses on DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as its implications for early detection, diagnosis, prognostication, and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Jha
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Sabeen Azhar
- Acute Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Usman Rashid
- Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Hasan Khalaf
- General Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whipps Cross Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Noor Alhalabi
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Deepthi Ravindran
- Acute Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, King George Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Rawaha Ahmad
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
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