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Bahk S, Ahsan N, An J, Kim SH, Ramadany Z, Hong JC, Thelen JJ, Chung WS. Identification of mitogen-activated protein kinases substrates in Arabidopsis using kinase client assay. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2326238. [PMID: 38493505 PMCID: PMC10950278 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2326238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascades are essential signal transduction components that control a variety of cellular responses in all eukaryotes. MPKs convert extracellular stimuli into cellular responses by the phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Although MPK cascades are predicted to be very complex, only limited numbers of MPK substrates have been identified in plants. Here, we used the kinase client (KiC) assay to identify novel substrates of MPK3 and MPK6. Recombinant MPK3 or MPK6 were tested against a large synthetic peptide library representing in vivo phosphorylation sites, and phosphorylated peptides were identified by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. From this screen, we identified 23 and 21 putative client peptides of MPK3 and MPK6, respectively. To verify the phosphorylation of putative client peptides, we performed in vitro kinase assay with recombinant fusion proteins of isolated client peptides. We found that 13 and 9 recombinant proteins were phosphorylated by MPK3 and MPK6. Among them, 11 proteins were proven to be the novel substrates of two MPKs. This study suggests that the KiC assay is a useful method to identify new substrates of MPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwa Bahk
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jonguk An
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zakiyah Ramadany
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jay J. Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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2
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Son SU, Kim TE, Park JH, Suh HJ, Shin KS. Immunostimulating effects of ulvan type polysaccharide isolated from Korean Ulva pertusa in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133518. [PMID: 38960236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the immunostimulatory activities of ulvan type polysaccharides isolated from Ulva pertusa. First, U. pertusa polysaccharide (UPP) mainly consists of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid, and xylose, which are typical ulvan type monosaccharides. UPP induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways in macrophages, subsequently triggering cytokine release and phagocytosis. The effects were closely associated with pattern recognition receptors such as dectin-1, mannose receptor, CD11b, CD14, and Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Moreover, prophylactic administration of UPP was found to protect against body weight loss and lymphatic organ damage in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. In addition, UPP demonstrated significant stimulatory effects on various immunocytes, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells derived from the spleen. These effects were closely related to the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways, and significant secretion of immunostimulatory cytokines such as IL-6, -12, and TNF-α was noted in both blood and spleen samples. Impairment of the short-chain fatty acid balance in the cecum was prevented by UPP administration in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, these results suggest that the UPP isolated from U. pertusa contributes to immune system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-U Son
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea; Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Soon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Hossain MA. Targeting the RAS upstream and downstream signaling pathway for Cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:176727. [PMID: 38866361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer often involves the overactivation of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways due to mutations in genes like RAS, RAF, PTEN, and PIK3CA. Various strategies are employed to address the overactivation of these pathways, among which targeted therapy emerges as a promising approach. Directly targeting specific proteins, leads to encouraging results in cancer treatment. For instance, RTK inhibitors such as imatinib and afatinib selectively target these receptors, hindering ligand binding and reducing signaling initiation. These inhibitors have shown potent efficacy against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Other inhibitors, like lonafarnib targeting Farnesyltransferase and GGTI 2418 targeting geranylgeranyl Transferase, disrupt post-translational modifications of proteins. Additionally, inhibition of proteins like SOS, SH2 domain, and Ras demonstrate promising anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Targeting downstream components with RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and sorafenib, along with MEK inhibitors like trametinib and binimetinib, has shown promising outcomes in treating cancers with BRAF-V600E mutations, including myeloma, colorectal, and thyroid cancers. Furthermore, inhibitors of PI3K (e.g., apitolisib, copanlisib), AKT (e.g., ipatasertib, perifosine), and mTOR (e.g., sirolimus, temsirolimus) exhibit promising efficacy against various cancers such as Invasive Breast Cancer, Lymphoma, Neoplasms, and hematological malignancies. This review offers an overview of small molecule inhibitors targeting specific proteins within the RAS upstream and downstream signaling pathways in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Arafat Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh;.
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Lohmaneeratana K, Leetanasaksakul K, Thamchaipenet A. Transcriptomic Profiling of Sugarcane White Leaf (SCWL) Canes during Maturation Phase. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1551. [PMID: 38891358 PMCID: PMC11174868 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) disease, caused by Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari, results in the most damage to sugarcane plantations. Some SCWL canes can grow unnoticed through the maturation phase, subsequently resulting in an overall low sugar yield, or they can be used accidentally as seed canes. In this work, 12-month-old SCWL and asymptomatic canes growing in the same field were investigated. An abundance of phytoplasma in SCWL canes affected growth and sugar content as well as alterations of transcriptomic profiles corresponding to several pathways that responded to the infection. Suppression of photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, coupled with an increase in the expression of chlorophyllase, contributed to the reduction in chlorophyll levels and photosynthesis. Blockage of sucrose transport plausibly occurred due to the expression of sugar transporters in leaves but suppression in stalks, resulting in low sugar content in canes. Increased expression of genes associated with MAPK cascades, plant hormone signaling transduction, callose plug formation, the phenylpropanoid pathway, and calcium cascades positively promoted defense mechanisms against phytoplasma colonization by an accumulation of lignin and calcium in response to plant immunity. Significant downregulation of CPK plausibly results in a reduction in antioxidant enzymes and likely facilitates pathogen invasion, while expression of sesquiterpene biosynthesis possibly attracts the insect vectors for transmission, thereby enabling the spread of phytoplasma. Moreover, downregulation of flavonoid biosynthesis potentially intensifies the symptoms of SCWL upon challenge by phytoplasma. These SCWL sugarcane transcriptomic profiles describe the first comprehensive sugarcane-phytoplasma interaction during the harvesting stage. Understanding molecular mechanisms will allow for sustainable management and the prevention of SCWL disease-a crucial benefit to the sugar industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Lohmaneeratana
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Kantinan Leetanasaksakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Arinthip Thamchaipenet
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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5
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Cheng JX, Liu PF, Yang Y, Liu YY, Xia YQ. Functional role of TrIL-1β in Takifugu rubripes defense against Cryptocaryon irritans infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132167. [PMID: 38729479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The Japanese puffer, Takifugu rubripes, is a commercially important fish species in China that is under serious threat from white spot disease (cyptocaryoniasis), which leads to heavy economic losses. We previously found that interleukin-1β (IL-1β), an important cytokine with a potential role in resistance against pathogens, was one of the most significantly differentially up-regulated proteins in the gills and spleen of T. rubripes infected by the protozoan parasite Cryptocaryon irritans. In this study, we assessed the potential function of T. rubripes IL-1β (TrIL-1β) in fish infected with C. irritans. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the TrIL-1β protein sequence was most closely related to that of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (67.2 %). The incubation experiments revealed that TrIL-1β may reduce trophont activity by destroying membranes. Immunofluorescence experiments showed that recombinant TrIL-1β promoted the expression of endogenous IL-1β, which penetrated and disrupted the cell membranes of trophonts. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the IL-1β group had less tissue damage compared with control groups of fish. IL-1β-small interfering RNA and IL-1β overexpression experiments were performed in head kidney primary cells, and challenge experiments were performed in vitro. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that TrIL-1β regulated and activated MyD88/NF-κB and MyD88/MAPK/p38 signaling pathways during C. irritans infection. TrIL-1β also promoted the differential expression of IgM, showing that it was involved in humoral immunity of T. rubripes. The cumulative mortality experiment show that TrIL-1β could protect fish against C. irritans infection. These results enrich current knowledge about the molecular structure of TrIL-1β. They also suggested that recombinant TrIL-1β could be used as an adjuvant in a subunit vaccine against C. irritans infection, which is of profound importance for the prevention and control of parasitic diseases in T. rubripes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Cheng
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Xiangfu Laboratory, Jiashan 314100, China
| | - Peng-Fei Liu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yan-Yun Liu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu-Qing Xia
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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Chen YZ, Zhu XM, Lv P, Hou XK, Pan Y, Li A, Du Z, Xuan JF, Guo X, Xing JX, Liu K, Yao J. Association of histone modification with the development of schizophrenia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116747. [PMID: 38744217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, may involve epigenetic alterations, notably histone modifications, in its pathogenesis. This review summarizes various histone modifications including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, serotonylation, lactylation, palmitoylation, and dopaminylation, and their implications in schizophrenia. Current research predominantly focuses on histone acetylation and methylation, though other modifications also play significant roles. These modifications are crucial in regulating transcription through chromatin remodeling, which is vital for understanding schizophrenia's development. For instance, histone acetylation enhances transcriptional efficiency by loosening chromatin, while increased histone methyltransferase activity on H3K9 and altered histone phosphorylation, which reduces DNA affinity and destabilizes chromatin structure, are significant markers of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Zhou Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Peng Lv
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Xi-Kai Hou
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Ying Pan
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Zhe Du
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Xuan
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China
| | - Xiaochong Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Xing
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China.
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry in Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, PR China.
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Liaoning Province, PR China; China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, PR China.
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7
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Son SU, Lee HW, Park JH, Shin KS. Identification of intracellular activation mechanism of rhamnogalacturonan-I type polysaccharide purified from Panax ginseng leaves in macrophages and roles of component sugar chains on activity. J Nat Med 2024; 78:328-341. [PMID: 38153587 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01768-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying intracellular signaling pathways in macrophages in relation to the structural features of rhamnogalacturonan (RG) I-type polysaccharide (PGEP-I) purified from Panax ginseng leaves. For this investigation, we used several specific inhibitors and antibodies against mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Furthermore, we investigated the roles of component sugar chains on immunostimulating activity through a sequential enzymatic and chemical degradation steps. We found that PGEP-I effectively induced the phosphorylation of several MAPK- and NF-κB-related proteins, such as p38, cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p65. Particularly, immunocytochemistry analysis confirmed the PGEP-I-induced translocation of p65 into the nucleus. Furthermore, the breakdown of PGEP-I side chains and main chain during sequential enzymatic and chemical degradation reduced the PGEP-I-induced macrophage cytokine secretion activity. IL-6, TNF-α, and NO secreted by macrophages are associated with several signaling pathway proteins such as ERK, JNK, and NF-κB and several PRRs such as dectin-1, CD11b, CD14, TLR2, TLR4, and SR. Thus, these findings suggest that PGEP-I exerts potent macrophage-activating effects, which can be attributed to its typical RG-I structure comprising arabinan, type II arabinogalactan, and rhamnose-galacturonic acid repeating units in the main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-U Son
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Won Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Yang Y, Liu Y, Xia Y, Cheng J, Liu P. Tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomic of Takifugu rubripes infected with Cryptocaryon irritans. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 48:101124. [PMID: 37647835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we identified the differentially expressed proteins in gills stimulated by infected ciliates and analyzed the immune mechanisms of T. rubripes infected with the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans. Through liquid chromatography analysis, a total of 144 proteins were identified with significant differences, of which 58 were upregulated and 86 were downregulated. Among phosphorylated proteins, we identified a total of 167 significantly different phosphorylated proteins, of which 44 were upregulated, 123 were downregulated, 60 were upregulated, and 208 were downregulated. We analyzed the data of proteomics and Phosphorylated proteome quantification protein omics to finally identify three phosphorylated proteins (RPS27, eNOS and CaM) and two phosphorylated protein kinases(CaMKII and MAPK1) as potential biomarkers for T. rubripes immune responses. We finally identified three phosphorylated proteins (RPS27, eNOS and CaM) and two phosphorylated protein kinases (CaMKII and MAPK1) as potential biomarkers of immune response of T. rubripes. Our research findings provide new insights into the immune mechanism of T. rubripes, which may serve as an effective indicator of C. irritans infection in T. rubripes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, 116023, China
| | - Yanyun Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, 116023, China
| | - Yuqing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, 116023, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jianxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, 116023, China; College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (Dalian Ocean University) Ministry of Education, 116023, China; College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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9
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Chakraborty J, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty S, Narayan MN. Entanglement of MAPK pathways with gene expression and its omnipresence in the etiology for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194988. [PMID: 37739217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) is one of the most well characterized cellular signaling pathways that controls fundamental cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. These cellular functions are consequences of transcription of regulatory genes that are influenced and regulated by the MAP-Kinase signaling cascade. MAP kinase components such as Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) sense external cues or ligands and transmit these signals via multiple protein complexes such as RAS-RAF, MEK, and ERKs and eventually modulate the transcription factors inside the nucleus to induce transcription and other regulatory functions. Aberrant activation, dysregulation of this signaling pathway, and genetic alterations in any of these components results in the developmental disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Over the years, the MAPK pathway has been a prime pharmacological target, to treat complex human disorders that are genetically linked such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The current review re-visits the mechanism of MAPK pathways in gene expression regulation. Further, a current update on the progress of the mechanistic understanding of MAPK components is discussed from a disease perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Chakraborty
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M Agrilife, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Sohag Chakraborty
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Mahesh N Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, El Paso, TX, USA.
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10
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Burghi V, Paradis JS, Officer A, Adame-Garcia SR, Wu X, Matthees ESF, Barsi-Rhyne B, Ramms DJ, Clubb L, Acosta M, Tamayo P, Bouvier M, Inoue A, von Zastrow M, Hoffmann C, Gutkind JS. Gαs is dispensable for β-arrestin coupling but dictates GRK selectivity and is predominant for gene expression regulation by β2-adrenergic receptor. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105293. [PMID: 37774973 PMCID: PMC10641165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β-arrestins play a key role in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) internalization, trafficking, and signaling. Whether β-arrestins act independently of G protein-mediated signaling has not been fully elucidated. Studies using genome-editing approaches revealed that whereas G proteins are essential for mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by GPCRs., β-arrestins play a more prominent role in signal compartmentalization. However, in the absence of G proteins, GPCRs may not activate β-arrestins, thereby limiting the ability to distinguish G protein from β-arrestin-mediated signaling events. We used β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) and its β2AR-C tail mutant expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells wildtype or CRISPR-Cas9 gene edited for Gαs, β-arrestin1/2, or GPCR kinases 2/3/5/6 in combination with arrestin conformational sensors to elucidate the interplay between Gαs and β-arrestins in controlling gene expression. We found that Gαs is not required for β2AR and β-arrestin conformational changes, β-arrestin recruitment, and receptor internalization, but that Gαs dictates the GPCR kinase isoforms involved in β-arrestin recruitment. By RNA-Seq analysis, we found that protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase gene signatures were activated by stimulation of β2AR in wildtype and β-arrestin1/2-KO cells but absent in Gαs-KO cells. These results were validated by re-expressing Gαs in the corresponding KO cells and silencing β-arrestins in wildtype cells. These findings were extended to cellular systems expressing endogenous levels of β2AR. Overall, our results support that Gs is essential for β2AR-promoted protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase gene expression signatures, whereas β-arrestins initiate signaling events modulating Gαs-driven nuclear transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Burghi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Justine S Paradis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Adam Officer
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sendi Rafael Adame-Garcia
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xingyu Wu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Edda S F Matthees
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, CMB - Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Barsi-Rhyne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dana J Ramms
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lauren Clubb
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Monica Acosta
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pablo Tamayo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, CMB - Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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11
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Yang C, Wu H, Chen J, Liao Y, Mkuye R, Deng Y, Du X. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the response of pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii) to long-term hypoxia. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106133. [PMID: 37586225 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The frequency at which organisms are exposed to hypoxic conditions in aquatic environments is increasing due to coastal eutrophication and global warming. To reveal the effects of long-term hypoxic stress on metabolic changes of pearl oyster, commonly known as Pinctada (Pinctada fucata martensii), the present study performed the integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the global changes of genes and metabolites following 25 days hypoxia challenge. Transcriptome analysis detected 1108 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control group and the hypoxia group. The gene ontology (GO) analysis of DEGs revealed that they are significantly enriched in functions such as "microtubule-based process", "histone (H3-K4, H3-K27, and H4-K20) trimethylation", "histone H4 acetylation", "kinesin complex", and "ATPase activity", and KEGG pathway functions, such as "DNA replication", "Apoptosis", and "MAPK signaling pathways". Metabolome analysis identified 68 significantly different metabolites from all identified metabolites, and associated with 25 metabolic pathways between the control and hypoxia groups. These pathways included aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism. Our integrated analysis suggested that pearl oysters were subject to oxidative stress, apoptosis, immune inhibition, and neuronal excitability reduction under long-term hypoxic conditions. We also found a remarkable depression in a variety of biological functions under long-term hypoxia, including metabolic rates, biomineralization activities, and the repression of reorganization of the cytoskeleton and cell metabolism. These findings provide a basis for elucidating the mechanisms used by marine bivalves to cope with long-term hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangye Yang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Hailing Wu
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yongshan Liao
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Robert Mkuye
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Marine Ecology Early Warning and Monitoring Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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12
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Baoxiang W, Zhiguang S, Yan L, Bo X, Jingfang L, Ming C, Yungao X, Bo Y, Jian L, Jinbo L, Tingmu C, Zhaowei F, Baiguan L, Dayong X, Bello BK. A pervasive phosphorylation cascade modulation of plant transcription factors in response to abiotic stress. PLANTA 2023; 258:73. [PMID: 37668677 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive genes is a crucial step in establishing the mechanisms behind plant abiotic stress tolerance. A sensitive method of regulating transcription factors activity, stability, protein interaction, and subcellular localization is through phosphorylation. This review highlights a widespread regulation mechanism that involves phosphorylation of plant TFs in response to abiotic stress. Abiotic stress is one of the main components limiting crop yield and sustainability on a global scale. It greatly reduces the land area that is planted and lowers crop production globally. In all living organisms, transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. They participate in cell signaling, cell cycle, development, and plant stress response. Plant resilience to diverse abiotic stressors is largely influenced by TFs. Transcription factors modulate gene expression by binding to their target gene's cis-elements, which are impacted by genomic characteristics, DNA structure, and TF interconnections. In this review, we focus on the six major TFs implicated in abiotic stress tolerance, namely, DREB, bZIP, WRKY, ABF, MYB, and NAC, and the cruciality of phosphorylation of these transcription factors in abiotic stress signaling, as protein phosphorylation has emerged as one of the key post-translational modifications, playing a critical role in cell signaling, DNA amplification, gene expression and differentiation, and modification of other biological configurations. These TFs have been discovered after extensive study as stress-responsive transcription factors which may be major targets for crop development and important contributors to stress tolerance and crop production.
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Grants
- CARS-01-61 the earmarked funds for China Agricultural Research System
- 2015BAD01B01 National Science and Technology Support Program of China
- BE2016370-3 Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province, China
- BE2017323 Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province, China
- BK20201214 Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China
- BK20161299 the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ1704 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2102 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2107 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2211 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Baoxiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sun Zhiguang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Bo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jingfang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Ming
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Yungao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Bo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Jinbo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Tingmu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhaowei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Baiguan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Dayong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Jung J, Choi YJ, Yoo J, Choi SY, Kim E. Antiphotoaging Effect of AGEs Blocker™ in UVB-Irradiated Cells and Skh:HR-1 Hairless Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4181-4199. [PMID: 37232735 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major cause of photoaging. It involves extrinsic aging, wrinkle formation, and skin dehydration, and leads to excessive production of active oxygen that adversely affects the skin. Here, we investigated the antiphotoaging effect of AGEs BlockerTM (AB), which comprises Korean mint aerial part and fig and goji berry fruits. Compared to its individual components, AB was more potent at increasing the expression of collagen and hyaluronic acid and decreasing MMP-1 expression in UVB-irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts and HaCaT keratinocytes. In Skh:HR-1 hairless mice exposed to 60 mJ/cm2 UVB for 12 weeks, oral administration of 20 or 200 mg/kg/day AB restored skin moisture by improving UVB-induced erythema, skin moisture, and transepidermal water loss, and alleviated photoaging by improving UVB-induced elasticity and wrinkles. Moreover, AB upregulated the mRNA levels of hyaluronic acid synthase and collagen-related Col1a1, Col3a1, and Col4a1 genes, increasing hyaluronic acid and collagen expression, respectively. AB inhibited UVB-induced MAPK and AP-1 (c-fos) activation, resulting in significantly downregulated expression of MMP-1 and -9, which are responsible for collagen degradation. AB also stimulated the expression and activity of antioxidative enzymes and reduced lipid peroxidation. Thus, AB is a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeIn Jung
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - JinHee Yoo
- Functional Ingredient Development Team, COSMAX NS, INC., Seongnam-si 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Young Choi
- Functional Ingredient Development Team, COSMAX NBT, INC., Seongnam-si 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - EunJi Kim
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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14
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Gonzalez-Garcia P, Muñoz-Miranda JP, Fernandez-Cisnal R, Olvera L, Moares N, Gabucio A, Fernandez-Ponce C, Garcia-Cozar F. Specific Activation of T Cells by an ACE2-Based CAR-Like Receptor upon Recognition of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087641. [PMID: 37108807 PMCID: PMC10145580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is still a health issue worldwide mostly due to a high rate of contagiousness conferred by the high-affinity binding between cell viral receptors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Therapies have been developed that rely on the use of antibodies or the induction of their production (vaccination), but despite vaccination being still largely protective, the efficacy of antibody-based therapies wanes with the advent of new viral variants. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) therapy has shown promise for tumors and has also been proposed for COVID-19 treatment, but as recognition of CARs still relies on antibody-derived sequences, they will still be hampered by the high evasion capacity of the virus. In this manuscript, we show the results from CAR-like constructs with a recognition domain based on the ACE2 viral receptor, whose ability to bind the virus will not wane, as Spike/ACE2 interaction is pivotal for viral entry. Moreover, we have developed a CAR construct based on an affinity-optimized ACE2 and showed that both wild-type and affinity-optimized ACE2 CARs drive activation of a T cell line in response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein expressed on a pulmonary cell line. Our work sets the stage for the development of CAR-like constructs against infectious agents that would not be affected by viral escape mutations and could be developed as soon as the receptor is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan P Muñoz-Miranda
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Lucia Olvera
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Noelia Moares
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Gabucio
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Cecilia Fernandez-Ponce
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Garcia-Cozar
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
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15
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Licá ICL, Frazão GCCG, Nogueira RA, Lira MGS, dos Santos VAF, Rodrigues JGM, Miranda GS, Carvalho RC, Silva LA, Guerra RNM, Nascimento FRF. Immunological mechanisms involved in macrophage activation and polarization in schistosomiasis. Parasitology 2023; 150:401-415. [PMID: 36601859 PMCID: PMC10089811 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune regulation of this disease. These cells acquire different phenotypes depending on the type of stimulus they receive. M1 macrophages can be ‘classically activated’ and can display a proinflammatory phenotype. M2 or ‘alternatively activated’ macrophages are considered anti-inflammatory cells. Despite the relevance of macrophages in controlling infections, the role of the functional types of these cells in schistosomiasis is unclear. This review highlights different molecules and/or macrophage activation and polarization pathways during Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum infection. This review is based on original and review articles obtained through searches in major databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, ACS, PubMed, Wiley, Scielo, Web of Science, LILACS and ScienceDirect. Our findings emphasize the importance of S. mansoni and S. japonicum antigens in macrophage polarization, as they exert immunomodulatory effects in different stages of the disease and are therefore important as therapeutic targets for schistosomiasis and in vaccine development. A combination of different antigens can provide greater protection, as it possibly stimulates an adequate immune response for an M1 or M2 profile and leads to host resistance; however, this warrants in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irlla Correia Lima Licá
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Gleycka Cristine Carvalho Gomes Frazão
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Ranielly Araujo Nogueira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Sampaio Lira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Vitor Augusto Ferreira dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - João Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Silva Miranda
- Department of Biology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, Brazil
| | - Rafael Cardoso Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Amorim Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Flávia Raquel Fernandes Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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16
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Son SU, Choi EH, Shin KS. Effects of rhamnogalacturonan-I type polysaccharide purified from Curcuma longa on immunostimulatory and intracellular signaling pathway mechanisms of macrophages. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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17
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Wu Y, Zhao X, Xiang Y, Guo M, Li C. Evolution of mitogen-activated protein kinase family and their immune function in Apostichopus japonicus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104586. [PMID: 36347398 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase family plays an important role in cell differentiation, growth, proliferation, and survival. However, the current research on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family in invertebrates is limited to the individual gene, and the analysis has not been conducted at the family level. In the present study, echinoderm MAPK family was identified by genomic screening, and five members, including three ERK subfamily members, one c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) subfamily, and one p38-MAPK member were detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three MAPK subfamilies were separated into three separated clusters, and ERK subfamily appeared earlier than the other two subfamilies. Synteny analysis revealed that the p38 subfamily might be derived from the continuous gene duplication events of MAPK14 subfamily in invertebrates, which displayed genome expansion via gene duplication in vertebrates. The role of MAPK family in echinoderm immune defense was determined by investigating the expression profiles of MAPKs in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus and LPS-exposed coelomocytes. The result showed that five MAPK members displayed induced expression profiles both in vitro and in vivo, and the peak expression was detected at different time points. Our study provides new insights into the evolutionary history of the MAPK family and show the similar immune function among MAPK members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Yangxi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China.
| | - Ming Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China.
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18
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Yang WS, Caliva MJ, Khadka VS, Tiirikainen M, Matter ML, Deng Y, Ramos JW. RSK1 and RSK2 serine/threonine kinases regulate different transcription programs in cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1015665. [PMID: 36684450 PMCID: PMC9845784 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1015665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) are serine threonine kinases comprising four isoforms. The isoforms can have overlapping functions in regulation of migration, invasion, proliferation, survival, and transcription in various cancer types. However, isoform specific differences in RSK1 versus RSK2 functions in gene regulation are not yet defined. Here, we delineate ribosomal S6 kinases isoform-specific transcriptional gene regulation by comparing transcription programs in RSK1 and RSK2 knockout cells using microarray analysis. Microarray analysis revealed significantly different mRNA expression patterns between RSK1 knockout and RSK2 knockout cell lines. Importantly some of these functions have not been previously recognized. Our analysis revealed RSK1 has specific roles in cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation and DNA replication and repair pathways, while RSK2 has specific roles in the immune response and interferon signaling pathways. We further validated that the identified gene sets significantly correlated with mRNA datasets from cancer patients. We examined the functional significance of the identified transcriptional programs using cell assays. In alignment with the microarray analysis, we found that RSK1 modulates the mRNA and protein expression of Fibronectin1, affecting cell adhesion and CDK2, affecting S-phase arrest in the cell cycle, and impairing DNA replication and repair. Under similar conditions, RSK2 showed increased ISG15 transcriptional expression, affecting the immune response pathway and cytokine expression. Collectively, our findings revealed the occurrence of RSK1 and RSK2 specific transcriptional regulation, defining separate functions of these closely related isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Seok Yang
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Maisel J. Caliva
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vedbar S. Khadka
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michelle L. Matter
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Joe W. Ramos
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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19
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Farnood PR, Pazhooh RD, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Targeting Signaling Pathway by Curcumin in Osteosarcoma. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:71-82. [PMID: 35400349 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220408104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The most prevalent primary bone malignancy among children and adolescents is osteosarcoma. The high mortality rate of osteosarcoma is due to lung metastasis. Despite the development of multi-agent chemotherapy and surgical resection, patients with osteosarcoma have a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Thus, it is necessary to identify novel therapeutic agents to improve the 5-year survival rate of these patients. Curcumin, a phytochemical compound derived from Curcuma longa, has been employed in treating several types of cancers through various mechanisms. Also, in vitro studies have demonstrated that curcumin could inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Development in identifying signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma has provided insight into finding new therapeutic targets for the treatment of this cancer. Targeting MAPK/ERK, PI3k/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and MircoRNA by curcumin has been evaluated to improve outcomes in patients with osteosarcoma. Although curcumin is a potent anti-cancer compound, it has rarely been studied in clinical settings due to its congenital properties such as hydrophobicity and poor bioavailability. In this review, we recapitulate and describe the effect of curcumin in regulating signaling pathways involved in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Hanson RL, Batchelor E. Coordination of MAPK and p53 dynamics in the cellular responses to DNA damage and oxidative stress. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e11401. [PMID: 36472304 PMCID: PMC9724178 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to different cellular stresses, the transcription factor p53 undergoes different dynamics. p53 dynamics, in turn, control cell fate. However, distinct stresses can generate the same p53 dynamics but different cell fate outcomes, suggesting integration of dynamic information from other pathways is important for cell fate regulation. To determine how MAPK activities affect p53-mediated responses to DNA breaks and oxidative stress, we simultaneously tracked p53 and either ERK, JNK, or p38 activities in single cells. While p53 dynamics were comparable between the stresses, cell fate outcomes were distinct. Combining MAPK dynamics with p53 dynamics was important for distinguishing between the stresses and for generating temporal ordering of cell fate pathways. Furthermore, cross-talk between MAPKs and p53 controlled the balance between proliferation and cell death. These findings provide insight into how cells integrate signaling pathways with distinct temporal patterns of activity to encode stress specificity and drive different cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Hanson
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Eric Batchelor
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA,Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
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A novel site on dual-specificity phosphatase MKP7/DUSP16 is required for catalysis and MAPK binding. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102617. [PMID: 36272649 PMCID: PMC9676401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dual-specificity phosphatases responsible for the inactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are designated as the MAPK phosphatases (MKPs). We demonstrated previously that MKP5 is regulated through a novel allosteric site suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms of catalysis exist amongst the MKPs. Here, we sought to determine whether the equivalent site within the phosphatase domain of a highly similar MKP family member, MKP7, is also important for phosphatase function. We found that mutation of tyrosine 271 (Y271) in MKP7, which represents the comparable Y435 within the MKP5 allosteric pocket, inhibited MKP7 catalytic activity. Consistent with this, when MKP7 Y271 mutants were overexpressed in cells, the substrates of MKP7, p38 MAPK or JNK, failed to undergo dephosphorylation. The binding efficiency of MKP7 to p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 was also reduced when MKP7 Y271 is mutated. Consistent with reduced MAPK binding, we observed a greater accumulation of nuclear p38 MAPK and JNK when the MKP7 Y271 mutants are expressed in cells as compared with WT MKP7, which sequesters p38 MAPK/JNK in the cytoplasm. Therefore, we propose that Y271 is critical for effective MAPK dephosphorylation through a mechanism whereby binding to this residue precedes engagement of the catalytic site and upon overexpression, MKP7 allosteric site mutants potentiate MAPK signaling. These results provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms of MKP7 catalysis and interactions with the MAPKs. Furthermore, these data support the generality of the MKP allosteric site and provide a basis for small molecule targeting of MKP7.
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Vieira WF, Malange KF, de Magalhães SF, Lemes JBP, Dos Santos GG, Nishijima CM, de Oliveira ALR, da Cruz-Höfling MA, Tambeli CH, Parada CA. Anti-hyperalgesic effects of photobiomodulation therapy (904 nm) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy imply MAPK pathway and calcium dynamics modulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16730. [PMID: 36202956 PMCID: PMC9537322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have established the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in painful clinical conditions. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) can be related to activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), such as p38, in the peripheral nerve. MAPK pathway is activated in response to extracellular stimuli, including interleukins TNF-α and IL-1β. We verified the pain relief potential of PBMT in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathic rats and its influence on the MAPK pathway regulation and calcium (Ca2+) dynamics. We then observed that PBMT applied to the L4-L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) region reduced the intensity of hyperalgesia, decreased TNF-α and IL-1β levels, and p38-MAPK mRNA expression in DRG of diabetic neuropathic rats. DN induced the activation of phosphorylated p38 (p-38) MAPK co-localized with TRPV1+ neurons; PBMT partially prevented p-38 activation. DN was related to an increase of p38-MAPK expression due to proinflammatory interleukins, and the PBMT (904 nm) treatment counteracted this condition. Also, the sensitization of DRG neurons by the hyperglycemic condition demonstrated during the Ca2+ dynamics was reduced by PBMT, contributing to its anti-hyperalgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willians Fernando Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Kauê Franco Malange
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Silviane Fernandes de Magalhães
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Júlia Borges Paes Lemes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Gilson Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Catarine Massucato Nishijima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Herrera Tambeli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carl von Linnaeus n/n, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil.
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Son SU, Lee SJ, Shin KS. Immunostimulating and intracellular signaling pathways mechanism on macrophage of rhamnogalacturonan-I type polysaccharide purified from radish leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:506-514. [PMID: 35843395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the intracellular signaling pathways involved in macrophage activation through the RG-I-type polysaccharide (REP-I) purified from radish leaves were elucidated. The gene expression and secretion of immune-related factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and nitrogen oxide (NO) from macrophages were enhanced by the addition of REP-I. Moreover, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry analyses indicated that REP-I dose-dependently phosphorylated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. An investigation using different inhibitors revealed that the effect of REP-I on NO secretion was mostly promoted by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-κB. Furthermore, the secretion of IL-6 was mostly induced via extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), JNK, and NF-κB. TNF-α secretion was mostly induced via NF-κB. In contrast, an investigation using anti-pattern recognition receptor (PRR) antibodies revealed that the effect of REP-I on the secretion of NO was mostly related with dectin-1, scavenger receptor (SR), toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, CD14, and CD11b. Furthermore, the secretion of IL-6 was mostly involved with SR, and the secretion of TNF-α was mostly relevance to TLR2. In conclusion, it is affirmed that immunostimulatory activation of macrophage of REP-I purified from radish leaves was deeply associated with several PRR and phosphorylating MAPK and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-U Son
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea; Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sue Jung Lee
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Soon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea.
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N-Methyltransferase CaASHH3 Acts as a Positive Regulator of Immunity against Bacterial Pathogens in Pepper. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126492. [PMID: 35742935 PMCID: PMC9224371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins with conserved SET domain play a critical role in plant immunity. However, the means of organization and functions of these proteins are unclear, particularly in non-model plants such as pepper (Capsicum annum L.). Herein, we functionally characterized CaASHH3, a member of class II (the ASH1 homologs H3K36) proteins in pepper immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum and Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). The CaASHH3 was localized in the nucleus, and its transcript levels were significantly enhanced by R. solanacearum inoculation (RSI) and exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon (ETH), and abscisic acid (ABA). Knockdown of CaASHH3 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) compromised peppers’ resistance to RSI. Furthermore, silencing of CaASHH3 impaired hypersensitive-response (HR)-like cell death response due to RSI and downregulated defense-associated marker genes, including CaPR1, CaNPR1, and CaABR1. The CaASHH3 protein was revealed to affect the promoters of CaNPR1, CaPR1, and CaHSP24. Transiently over-expression of CaASHH3 in pepper leaves elicited HR-like cell death and upregulated immunity-related marker genes. To further study the role of CaASHH3 in plant defense in vivo, CaASHH3 transgenic plants were generated in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of CaASHH3 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced innate immunity against Pst DC3000. Furthermore, CaASHH3 over-expressing transgenic A. thaliana plants exhibited upregulated transcriptional levels of immunity-associated marker genes, such as AtNPR1, AtPR1, and AtPR2. These results collectively confirm the role of CaASHH3 as a positive regulator of plant cell death and pepper immunity against bacterial pathogens, which is regulated by signaling synergistically mediated by SA, JA, ET, and ABA.
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25
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Zhao R, Yang L, He S, Xia T. Nucleus pulposus cell senescence is regulated by substrate stiffness and is alleviated by LOX possibly through the integrin β1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113230. [PMID: 35667466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main contributor to induce low back pain, and the pathogenic mechanism of IVDD remains unclear. The nucleus pulposus (NP) is a component of the intervertebral disc (IVD) that provides protection from mechanical stimuli. The matrix stiffness of NP tissue increases during the process of disc degeneration. Although several studies have found that pathological mechanical stimuli induce NP cell senescence, which is relevant for NP degeneration, however, the effect of matrix stiffness on NP cell senescence is not clear. Therefore, in the present study, we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with controllable stiffness to mimic the matrix stiffness of normal (4 kPa) and severely degenerated (20 kPa) NP tissue. Rat NP cells were isolated and cultured on substrates with different stiffness, and the cell proliferation, SA-β-gal activity, cell cycle, telomerase activity and the phenotype markers of NP cells were analyzed. Moreover, cytoskeleton staining and NP cellular Young's modulus on different substrates were also measured. To further investigate how substrate stiffness affects NP cell senescence, lysyl oxidase (LOX) was used to restore the extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis of NP cells. The expression levels of integrin β1 and p38 MAPK were then measured. Our results showed that the 20 kPa substrate significantly induced NP cell senescence compared to the 4 kPa substrate. NP cells cultured on the 20 kPa substrate failed to maintain the expression of their phenotype markers. Furthermore, the 20 kPa substrate induced an increase of Young's modulus of NP cells, which possibly through up regulating the expressions of integrin β1 and p38 MAPK. These results indicated that the integrin β1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway may participated in substrate stiffness induced senescence of NP cells. LOX significantly increased ECM synthesis and inhibited substrate stiffness induced NP cell senescence, which indicated that matrix mechanics may be essential for maintaining the function of NP cell. Our results may provide a new perspective on the mechanism of IVDD by pathological matrix mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuangjian He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingting Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Swiatnicki M, Engel L, Shrestha R, Alves J, Goueli SA, Zegzouti H. Profiling oncogenic KRAS mutant drugs with a cell-based Lumit p-ERK immunoassay. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2022; 27:249-257. [PMID: 35288294 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
KRAS is one of the most heavily mutated oncogenes in cancer and targeting mutant KRAS with drugs has proven difficult. However, recent FDA approval of the KRAS G12C selective inhibitor sotorasib (AMG-510), has breathed new life into the drive to develop mutant KRAS inhibitors. In an effort to study RAS inhibitors in cells and identify new compounds that inhibit Ras signaling, western blotting and ELISA assays are commonly used. These traditional immunoassays are tedious, require multiple washing steps, and are not easily adaptable to a high throughput screening (HTS) format. To overcome these limitations, we applied Lumit immunoassay technology to analyze RAS signaling pathway activation and inhibition through the detection of phosphorylated ERK. The assay we developed was used to rank order potencies of allele specific inhibitors within cell lines harboring various activating KRAS mutations. An inhibition profile was obtained indicating various potencies and selectivity of the inhibitors, including MRTX-1133, which was shown to be highly potent against KRAS G12D signaling. MRTX-1133 had approximately 40 and 400 times less inhibitory potency against G12C and G12V mutant KRAS, respectively, while no inhibition of WT KRAS was observed. The potency of PROTAC compound LC-2 targeting selective degradation of KRAS G12C was also tested using the Lumit pERK immunoassay, and a maximal decrease in RAS signaling was achieved. Lumit immunoassays provide a rapid, homogeneous platform for detecting signaling pathway activation and inhibition. Our results demonstrate that this bioluminescent technology can streamline the analysis of signaling pathways of interest, such as RAS-dependent pathways, and be used to identify much needed inhibitors. The results further imply that similar assay designs could be applied to other signaling pathway nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurie Engel
- Promega Corporation, R&D Department, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Riva Shrestha
- Promega Corporation, R&D Department, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Juliano Alves
- Promega Corporation, R&D Department, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Said A Goueli
- Promega Corporation, R&D Department, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI. USA
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27
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Qu F, Li J, She Q, Zeng X, Li Z, Lin Q, Tang J, Yan Y, Lu J, Li Y, Li X. Identification and characterization of MKK6 and AP-1 in Anodonta woodiana reveal their potential roles in the host defense response against bacterial challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:261-272. [PMID: 35427776 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) are two of the essential regulatory proteins in the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which participates in the innate immune response to bacterial infections. In this study, molluscan MKK6 (AwMKK6) and AP-1 (AwAP-1) genes were cloned and identified from Anodonta woodiana. The open reading frame (ORF) of AwMKK6 encodes for a putative polypeptide sequence of 345 amino acids containing a conserved serine/threonine protein kinase (S_TKc) domain, a SVAKT motif and a DVD domain. AwAP-1 consists of 294 amino acids including a typical nuclear localization signal (NLS), a Jun domain and a basic region leucine zipper (BRLZ) domain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that both AwMKK6 and AwAP-1 were widely expressed in all selected tissues of A. woodiana and their transcript levels in hemocytes were significantly upregulated when challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, the signaling molecules of the AwMKK6/AwAP-1 pathway including AwTLR4, AwMyD88, AwTRAF6, AwMEKK1, AwMEKK4, AwASK1, AwTAK1 and Awp38 mRNA expression showed a stronger responsiveness to LPS challenge in hemocytes of A. woodiana. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments indicated that the silencing of AwMKK6 or AwAP-1 could decrease the mRNA expression levels of immune effectors (AwTNF, AwLYZ and AwDefense). Subcellular localization studies suggested that AwMKK6 and AwAP-1 were distributed throughout the cells and nucleus, respectively, and their overexpression could significantly enhance the transcriptional activities of AP-1-Luc in HEK293T cells. These findings suggest that MKK6 and AP-1 play a major role in the host defense response to bacterial injection, which may make contributions to a better understanding of the immune function of the p38 MAPK pathway in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fufa Qu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China.
| | - Jialing Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Qing She
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Zhenpeng Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Yuye Yan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jieming Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Yumiao Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China.
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AIM2 Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation via the MAPK Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:8756844. [PMID: 35432843 PMCID: PMC9010154 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8756844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly prevalent tumor type. The dysregulated expression of melanoma deficiency factor 2 (AIM2) has been observed in a range of tumor types. Herein, we explore the role of AIM2 in the regulation of GC progression. Methods Gastric cancer cells BGC-823 and MGC-803 in logarithmic growth phase were divided into blank group (control), Control group (NC) and SH-AIM2 group, respectively. Control group and SH-AIM2 group were transfected with AIM2 NC and SH-AIM2, respectively. Nude mice were divided into blank group (control) and SH-AIM2 group, and the treatment methods were the same as above. Differential AIM2 expression in GC tissues was assessed via bioinformatics analyses, after which western blotting was used for analyzing the AIM2 levels in tumor and paracancerous tissues from five stomach cancer patients. In addition, qPCR and protein imprinting were used to assess AIM2 expression levels in GC cells, and AIM2 knockdown was conducted in MGC-803 and BGC-823cells, after which colony formation and EdU incorporation assay were utilized to assess cell proliferation. The oncogenic role of AIM2 was then assessed in mice and validated through immunohistochemical analyses. Results GC tissues and cell lines exhibited marked AIM2 overexpression. AIM2 knockdown significantly impaired GC cell proliferation and migration, as confirmed through in vitro assays. In vivo experiments showed that both the increment ability and invasion and migration ability of AIM2 knockdown group were significantly lower than that of control and NC the change of AIM2 protein level would affect the change of MAPK pathway related protein level. Conclusions AIM2 knockdown markedly suppresses the proliferation, migration, as well as invasion of GC cells via the inhibition of MAPK signaling, thereby slowing tumor progression. Overall, these results suggest that further analyses of AIM2 may offer clinically valuable insights that can aid in the treatment of human GC.
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Hu Z, Song H, Feng J, Zhou C, Yang MJ, Shi P, Yu ZL, Li YR, Guo YJ, Li HZ, Wang SY, Xue JH, Zhang T. Genome-wide analysis of the hard clam mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase gene family and their transcriptional profiles under abiotic stress. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 176:105606. [PMID: 35316650 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) was the hub component of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and played an important role in the cellular response to environmental stress. In this study, we identified five MmMAPKK genes in hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria and found that all MmMAPKK genes contain a conserved protein kinase domain. The MmMAPKK genes derived from dispersed duplication were unevenly distributed in three chromosomes. Although the genome size was highly variable among different bivalve mollusks, the number of MAPKK genes was relatively stable. Phylogenetic analysis showed that bivalve MAPKK was divided into five clades, and amino acid sequences of MAPKK from the same clade consisted of similar conserved motifs. The syntenic analysis demonstrated that MmMAPKKs had the highest number of homologous gene pairs with Cyclina sinensis. MmMAPKKs were ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues, and all MmMAPKK genes were highly expressed in the ovary. MmMAPKK genes showed stress-specific expression under envirionmental stress. MmMAPKK7 showed an upregulated in heat and heat plus hypoxia stress while MmMAPKK1 showed an upregulated in hypoxic stress groups. Dynamic changes of MmMAPKK7, MmMAPKK6 and MmMAPKK1 in hemocytes were observed in response to air exposure. MmMAPKK4 significantly downregulated after air exposure for five days. MmMAPKK7 and MmMAPKK6 might participate in adaptation to low salinity stress. Our results provided useful information about MAPKK and laid a foundation for further studies on MAPKK evolution in the bivalve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hao Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jie Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mei-Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Pu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zheng-Lin Yu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yong-Ren Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yong-Jun Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hai-Zhou Li
- Shandong Fu Han Ocean Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, Haiyang, 265100, China
| | - Su-Yao Wang
- Qingdao No.58 High School Shandong Province, Qingdao, 262000, China
| | - Jiang-Han Xue
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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The Merkel Cell Polyomavirus T-Antigens and IL-33/ST2-IL1RAcP Axis: Possible Role in Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073702. [PMID: 35409061 PMCID: PMC8998536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a causal factor in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). The oncogenic potential is mediated through its viral oncoproteins large T-antigen (LT) and small T-antigen (sT). Cytokines produced by tumor cells play an important role in cancer pathogenesis, and viruses affect their expression. Therefore, we compared human cytokine and receptor transcript levels in virus positive (V+) and virus negative (V−) MCC cell lines. Increased expression of IL-33, a potent modulator of tumor microenvironment, was observed in V+ MCC cell lines when compared to V− MCC-13 cells. Transient transfection studies with luciferase reporter plasmids demonstrated that LT and sT stimulated IL-33, ST2/IL1RL1 and IL1RAcP promoter activity. The induction of IL-33 expression was confirmed by transfecting MCC-13 cells with MCPyV LT. Furthermore, recombinant human cytokine domain IL-33 induced activation of MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways, which could be blocked by a ST2 receptor antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a significantly stronger IL-33, ST2, and IL1RAcP expression in MCC tissues compared to normal skin. Of interest, significantly higher IL-33 and IL1RAcP protein levels were observed in MCC patient plasma compared to plasma from healthy controls. Previous studies have demonstrated the implication of the IL-33/STL2 pathway in cancer. Because our results revealed a T-antigens-dependent induction of the IL-33/ST2 axis, IL-33/ST2 may play a role in the tumorigenesis of MCPyV-positive MCC. Therefore, neutralizing the IL-33/ST2 axis may present a novel therapeutic approach for MCC patients.
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Xu L, Qin J, Fu W, Wang S, Wu Q, Zhou X, Crickmore N, Guo Z, Zhang Y. MAP4K4 controlled transcription factor POUM1 regulates PxABCG1 expression influencing Cry1Ac resistance in Plutella xylostella (L.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 182:105053. [PMID: 35249643 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) based biotechnology products including Bt sprays and Bt crops is critical for the long-term application of Bt technology. Previously, we established that down-regulation of the ABC transporter gene PxABCG1, trans-regulated by the MAPK signaling pathway, contributed to high-level resistance to Bt Cry1Ac toxin in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). However, the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanism was unknown. Herein, we identified putative binding sites (PBSs) of the transcription factor (TF) POUM1 in the PxABCG1 promoter and used a dual-luciferase reporter assay (DLRA) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay to reveal that POUM1 activates PxABCG1 via interaction with one of these sites. The expression of POUM1 was significantly decreased in the midgut tissue of Cry1Ac-resistant P. xylostella strains compared to a Cry1Ac-susceptible P. xylostella strain. Silencing of POUM1 expression resulted in reduced expression of the PxABCG1 gene and an increase in larval tolerance to Bt Cry1Ac toxin in the Cry1Ac-susceptible P. xylostella strain. Furthermore, silencing of PxMAP4K4 expression increased the expression of both POUM1 and PxABCG1 genes in the Cry1Ac-resistant P. xylostella strain. These results indicate that the POUM1 induces PxABCG1 expression, while the activated MAPK cascade represses PxABCG1 expression thus reducing Cry1Ac susceptibility in P. xylostella. This result deepens our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of midgut Cry receptor genes and the molecular basis of the evolution of Bt resistance in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzheng Xu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jianying Qin
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Qinjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA.
| | - Neil Crickmore
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Zhaojiang Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Wu Y, Du J, Wu Q, Zheng A, Cao L, Jiang X. The osteogenesis of Ginsenoside Rb1 incorporated silk/micro-nano hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate composite scaffolds for calvarial defect. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:10. [PMID: 35153297 PMCID: PMC8841501 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGinsenoside Rb1, the effective constituent of ginseng, has been demonstrated to play favorable roles in improving the immunity system. However, there is little study on the osteogenesis and angiogenesis effect of Ginsenoside Rb1. Moreover, how to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1 and its repairment ability in bone defect remains elusive. In this study, the role of Ginsenoside Rb1 in cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, osteogenic genes expression, ALP activity of rat BMSCs were evaluated firstly. Then, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were prepared to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1, and the osteogenic and angiogenic effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk in rat calvarial defect models were assessed by sequential fluorescence labeling, and histology analysis, respectively. It revealed that Ginsenoside Rb1 could maintain cell viability, significantly increased ALP activity, osteogenic and angiogenic genes expression. Meanwhile, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were fabricated smoothly and were a delivery carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1. Significantly, Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk could facilitate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. All the outcomes hint that Ginsenoside Rb1 could reinforce the osteogenesis differentiation and angiogenesis factor’s expression of BMSCs. Moreover, micro-nano HAp combined with silk could act as a carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1 to repair bone defect.
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Sanz AB, García R, Pavón-Vergés M, Rodríguez-Peña JM, Arroyo J. Control of Gene Expression via the Yeast CWI Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031791. [PMID: 35163713 PMCID: PMC8836261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Living cells exposed to stressful environmental situations can elicit cellular responses that guarantee maximal cell survival. Most of these responses are mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, which are highly conserved from yeast to humans. Cell wall damage conditions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae elicit rescue mechanisms mainly associated with reprogramming specific transcriptional responses via the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway. Regulation of gene expression by this pathway is coordinated by the MAPK Slt2/Mpk1, mainly via Rlm1 and, to a lesser extent, through SBF (Swi4/Swi6) transcription factors. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms controlling gene expression upon cell wall stress and the role of chromatin structure in these processes. Some of these mechanisms are also discussed in the context of other stresses governed by different yeast MAPK pathways. Slt2 regulates both transcriptional initiation and elongation by interacting with chromatin at the promoter and coding regions of CWI-responsive genes but using different mechanisms for Rlm1- and SBF-dependent genes. Since MAPK pathways are very well conserved in eukaryotic cells and are essential for controlling cellular physiology, improving our knowledge regarding how they regulate gene expression could impact the future identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Salami R, Salami M, Mafi A, Vakili O, Asemi Z. Circular RNAs and glioblastoma multiforme: focus on molecular mechanisms. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:13. [PMID: 35090496 PMCID: PMC8796413 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), as a deadly and almost incurable brain cancer, is the most invasive form of CNS tumors that affects both children and adult population. It accounts for approximately half of all primary brain tumors. Despite the remarkable advances in neurosurgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic approaches, cell heterogeneity and numerous genetic alterations in cell cycle control, cell growth, apoptosis, and cell invasion, result in an undesirable resistance to therapeutic strategies; thereby, the median survival duration for GBM patients is unfortunately still less than two years. Identifying new therapeutics and employing the combination therapies may be considered as wonderful strategies against the GBM. In this regard, circular RNAs (circRNAs), as tumor inhibiting and/or stimulating RNA molecules, can regulate the cancer-developing processes, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, invasion, and chemoresistance. Hereupon, these molecules have been introduced as potentially effective therapeutic targets to defeat GBM. The current study aims to investigate the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms in association with circRNAs involved in GBM pathogenesis. Among multiple mechanisms, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and MAPK signaling, angiogenic processes, and metastatic pathways will be thoroughly discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of circRNAs in pathophysiology of GBM. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Heinen T, Xie C, Keshavarz M, Stappert D, Künzel S, Tautz D. Evolution of a New Testis-Specific Functional Promoter Within the Highly Conserved Map2k7 Gene of the Mouse. Front Genet 2022; 12:812139. [PMID: 35069705 PMCID: PMC8766832 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.812139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Map2k7 (synonym Mkk7) is a conserved regulatory kinase gene and a central component of the JNK signaling cascade with key functions during cellular differentiation. It shows complex transcription patterns, and different transcript isoforms are known in the mouse (Mus musculus). We have previously identified a newly evolved testis-specific transcript for the Map2k7 gene in the subspecies M. m. domesticus. Here, we identify the new promoter that drives this transcript and find that it codes for an open reading frame (ORF) of 50 amino acids. The new promoter was gained in the stem lineage of closely related mouse species but was secondarily lost in the subspecies M. m. musculus and M. m. castaneus. A single mutation can be correlated with its transcriptional activity in M. m. domesticus, and cell culture assays demonstrate the capability of this mutation to drive expression. A mouse knockout line in which the promoter region of the new transcript is deleted reveals a functional contribution of the newly evolved promoter to sperm motility and the spermatid transcriptome. Our data show that a new functional transcript (and possibly protein) can evolve within an otherwise highly conserved gene, supporting the notion of regulatory changes contributing to the emergence of evolutionary novelties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chen Xie
- Max-Plank Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Max-Plank Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Stappert
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Künzel
- Max-Plank Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Diethard Tautz
- Max-Plank Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
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Clinical Significance and Regulation of ERK5 Expression and Function in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020348. [PMID: 35053510 PMCID: PMC8773716 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is a unique kinase among MAPKs family members, given its large structure characterized by the presence of a unique C-terminal domain. Despite increasing data demonstrating the relevance of the ERK5 pathway in the growth, survival, and differentiation of normal cells, ERK5 has recently attracted the attention of several research groups given its relevance in inflammatory disorders and cancer. Accumulating evidence reported its role in tumor initiation and progression. In this review, we explore the gene expression profile of ERK5 among cancers correlated with its clinical impact, as well as the prognostic value of ERK5 and pERK5 expression levels in tumors. We also summarize the importance of ERK5 in the maintenance of a cancer stem-like phenotype and explore the major known contributions of ERK5 in the tumor-associated microenvironment. Moreover, although several questions are still open concerning ERK5 molecular regulation, different ERK5 isoforms derived from the alternative splicing process are also described, highlighting the potential clinical relevance of targeting ERK5 pathways.
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Hu F, Rao M, Zhang M, Meng Q, Wan M, Zhang X, Ding L, Jiang Y. Long non-coding RNA profiles in plasma exosomes of patients with gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:1. [PMID: 34815753 PMCID: PMC8593877 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs in circulating exosomes are a new class of promising cancer biomarkers; however, their expression in exosomes derived from gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (GHGIN) has not been reported. In the present study, differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were analyzed in the peripheral blood collected from 5 patients with GHGIN and 5 healthy donors using high-throughput sequencing. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed on 6 randomly selected DE lncRNAs to validate the reliability of the sequencing results. The potential roles of the DE lncRNAs in GHGIN were investigated using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. A total of 25,145 lncRNAs were identified in all the samples and 83 DE lncRNAs were further screened, including 76 upregulated and 7 downregulated DE lncRNAs. GO and KEGG analyses predicted that the DE lncRNAs played notable roles in ‘protein/macromolecule glycosylation’, ‘regulation of protein ubiquitination’, ‘renin-angiotensin system’ and ‘MAPK signaling pathways’. A lncRNA-micro (mi)RNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed and used to perform association analyses. It was found that 83 lncRNAs were abnormally expressed in GHGIN, with some potential functions associated with gastric cancer. Furthermore, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network indicated that 7 DE lncRNAs may play a notable role in the occurrence and development of GHGIN. The results of the present study showed the expression profiles of lncRNAs in human GHGIN, elucidated some of the molecular changes associated with GHGIN and improved the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying GHGIN and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Min Rao
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Meng
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Minjie Wan
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuna Zhang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Ding
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of The Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Mast1 mediates radiation-induced gastric injury via the P38 MAPK pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112913. [PMID: 34774870 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced gastric injury is a serious adverse effect and reduces the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced stomach injury remain unclear. Here, mouse stomach and gastric epithelial cells were irradiated with different doses of X-ray radiation. The results showed that radiation induced gastric injury in vivo and in vitro. Differentially expressed functional mRNAs in irradiation-induced gastric tissues were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We found that the expression of microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase 1 (Mast1) was downregulated in mouse gastric tissues and gastric epithelial cells after irradiation. Furthermore, functional assays showed that knockdown of Mast1 inhibited growth and promoted apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells, while overexpression of Mast1 protected gastric epithelial cells from radiation damage. Mechanistically, Mast1 negatively regulated radiation-induced injury in gastric epithelial cells by inhibiting the activation of P38. The apoptosis caused by knockdown of Mast1 in gastric epithelial cells could be partially reversed by the P38 inhibitor SB203580. Moreover, data from several gastric cancer cell lines and online databases revealed that Mast1 was not involved in the development of gastric cancer. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Mast1 is essential for radiation-induced gastric injury, providing a promising prognostic and therapeutic target.
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Sehgal A, Irvine KM, Hume DA. Functions of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) in development, homeostasis, and tissue repair. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101509. [PMID: 34742624 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) is the primary growth factor required for the control of monocyte and macrophage differentiation, survival, proliferation and renewal. Although the cDNAs encoding multiple isoforms of human CSF1 were cloned in the 1980s, and recombinant proteins were available for testing in humans, CSF1 has not yet found substantial clinical application. Here we present an overview of CSF1 biology, including evolution, regulation and functions of cell surface and secreted isoforms. CSF1 is widely-expressed, primarily by cells of mesenchymal lineages, in all mouse tissues. Cell-specific deletion of a floxed Csf1 allele in mice indicates that local CSF1 production contributes to the maintenance of tissue-specific macrophage populations but is not saturating. CSF1 in the circulation is controlled primarily by receptor-mediated clearance by macrophages in liver and spleen. Administration of recombinant CSF1 to humans or animals leads to monocytosis and expansion of tissue macrophage populations and growth of the liver and spleen. In a wide variety of tissue injury models, CSF1 administration promotes monocyte infiltration, clearance of damaged cells and repair. We suggest that CSF1 has therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Huang Y, Nie XM, Zhu ZJ, Zhang X, Li BZ, Ge JC, Ren Q. A novel JNK induces innate immune response by activating the expression of antimicrobial peptides in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:76-86. [PMID: 34364075 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) is a member of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that participates in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we identified a novel JNK (EsJNK) and determined the cDNA sequence of its isoform (EsJNK-a) from the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The open reading frame (ORF) of EsJNK was predicted to encode 421 peptides with a serine/threonine protein kinase, a catalytic (S_TKc) domain, and a low complexity region. The ORF of EsJNK-a was 1380 bp encoding a protein with 459 amino acids, which was 38 amino acids more than that of EsJNK. The predicted tertiary structure of EsJNK was conserved and contained 15 α-helices and 10 β-sheets. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that EsJNK was clustered with the JNK homologs of other crustaceans. Quantitative real-time PCR assays showed that EsJNK was expressed in all the tissues examined, but it was relatively higher in hemocytes, muscles, and intestines. The expression of EsJNK mRNA in the hemocytes was upregulated by lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans, as well as by Staphylococcus aureus or Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge. Functionally, after silencing EsJNK by siRNA in crabs, the expression levels of two antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), namely, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor and crustin, were significantly inhibited. The purified recombinant EsJNK protein with His-tag accelerated the elimination of the aforementioned bacteria in vivo. However, knockdown of EsJNK had an opposite effect. These findings suggested that EsJNK might be involved in the antibacterial immune defense of crabs by regulating the transcription of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xi-Mei Nie
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Zhu
- Nanjing University Ecology Research Institute of Changshu (NJUecoRICH), Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia-Chun Ge
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Zhang C, Kang K, Chen Y, Shan S, Xie K, Song F. Atg7 Knockout Alleviated the Axonal Injury of Neuro-2a Cells Induced by Tri-Ortho-Cresyl Phosphate. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1076-1086. [PMID: 33650059 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is believed to be essential for the maintenance of axonal homeostasis in neurons. However, whether autophagy is causally related to the axon degeneration in organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) still remains unclear. This research was designed to investigate the role of autophagy in axon degeneration following tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) in an in vitro model. Differentiated wild-type and Atg7-/- neuro-2a (N2a) cells were treated with TOCP for 24 h. Axonal degeneration in N2a cells was quantitatively analyzed; the key molecules responsible for axon degeneration and its upstream signaling pathway were determined by Western blotting and real-time PCR. The results found that Atg7-/- cells exhibited a higher resistance to TOCP insult than wild-type cells. Further study revealed that TOCP caused a significant decrease in pro-survival factors NMNATs and SCG10 and a significant increase in pro-degenerative factor SARM1 in both cells. Notably, Atg7-/- cells presented a higher level of pro-survival factors and a lower level of pro-degenerative factors than wild-type cells in the same setting of TOCP administration. Moreover, DLK-MAPK pathway was activated following TOCP. Altogether, our results suggest that autophagy is able to affect TOCP-induced axonal injury via regulating the balance between pro-survival and pro-degenerative factors, providing a promising avenue for the potential therapy for OPIDN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqin Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Kang
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisi Chen
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Shan
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqin Xie
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyong Song
- Institute of Toxicology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Šimoliūnas E, Ivanauskienė I, Bagdzevičiūtė L, Rinkūnaitė I, Alksnė M, Baltriukienė D. Surface stiffness depended gingival mesenchymal stem cell sensitivity to oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:62-73. [PMID: 33862162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in the fields of cell therapy and tissue engineering, due to their wide spectrum of differentiation potential, immunomodulation function and ongoing oxidative stress (OS) reduction. Nevertheless, OS impact is often overlooked in these research fields. It is not only responsible for the induction and development of many ailments, e.g., diabetes, lung fibrosis, and cancer, moreover, OS causes stem cell death and senescence during cell therapy and tissue engineering practices. As MSCs are used to treat various tissues, they interact with different tissue-specific mechanical environments, thus it is important to understand how the mechanical environment impacts MSC sensitivity to OS. In this work, for the first time, as known to the authors, it was shown that gingival MSCs (GMSCs) sensitivity to OS depends on the stiffness of the surface, on which the cells are grown. Furthermore, the activity and expression of mitogen activated protein kinases ERK, JNK, and p38 were surface stiffness dependent. GMSCs isolated from intermediate/stiff gingiva tissue (~20 kPa) have shown the best proliferative and survival properties, then grown on the stiffest tissues mimicking polyacrylamide hydrogels (40 kPa). Therefore, MSC source might determine their sensitivity to OS in different stiffness environments and should be accounted when developing a treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidijus Šimoliūnas
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Indrė Ivanauskienė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lina Bagdzevičiūtė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Rinkūnaitė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Alksnė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Baltriukienė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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43
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Feidantsis K, Pörtner HO, Giantsis IA, Michaelidis B. Advances in understanding the impacts of global warming on marine fishes farmed offshore: Sparus aurata as a case study. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:1509-1523. [PMID: 33161577 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring variations in proteins involved in metabolic processes, oxidative stress responses, cell signalling and protein homeostasis is a powerful tool for developing hypotheses of how environmental variations affect marine organisms' physiology and biology. According to the oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance hypothesis, thermal acclimation mechanisms such as adjusting the activities of enzymes of intermediary metabolism and of antioxidant defence mechanisms, inducing heat shock proteins (Hsps) or activating mitogen-activated protein kinases may all shift tolerance windows. Few studies have, however, investigated the molecular, biochemical and organismal responses by fishes to seasonal temperature variations in the field to link these to laboratory findings. Investigation of the impacts of global warming on fishes farmed offsore, in the open sea, can provide a stepping stone towards understanding effects on wild populations because they experience similar environmental fluctuations. Over the last 30 years, farming of the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (Linnaeus 1758) has become widespread along the Mediterranean coastline, rendering this species a useful case study. Based on available information, the prevailing seasonal temperature variations expose the species to the upper and lower limits of its thermal range. Evidence for this includes oxygen restriction, reduced feeding, reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli, plus a range of molecular and biochemical indicators that change across the thermal range. Additionally, close relationships between biochemical pathways and seasonal patterns of metabolism indicate a connection between energy demand and metabolic processes on the one hand, and cellular stress responses such as oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy on the other. Understanding physiological responses to temperature fluctuations in fishes farmed offshore can provide crucial background information for the conservation and successful management of aquaculture resources in the face of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hans O Pörtner
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Physiologie Mariner Tiere, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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44
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Zhang L, Zhang S, Song H, Li B. Ingestion of collagen hydrolysates alleviates skin chronological aging in an aged mouse model by increasing collagen synthesis. Food Funct 2021; 11:5573-5580. [PMID: 32520042 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00153h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the use of collagen hydrolysates (CHs) as nutraceutical agents to protect skin against photoaging has been widely investigated, little is known about their effects on skin chronological aging and the underlying mechanism. Nutritional supplementation, such as collagen and related hydrolysates, might have beneficial effects on chronologically aged skin just as on photoaged skin. Hence, 13-month-old female Kunming mice ingested CHs for eight weeks to evaluate the effects of CHs on ameliorating skin chronological aging. CHs were enzymatically prepared using alcalase or collagenase, named ACH and CCH, respectively. The results showed that CHs or proline intake had no obvious effects on skin moisture and hyaluronic acid contents. However, ACHs significantly decreased skin laxity, increased collagen I content, normalized the ratio of collagen I/III and repaired dermal collagen fibers in a dose-dependent manner. At an identical dose, ACH showed an advantage over CCH or proline in significantly increasing collagen I content. Further study indicated that CHs mainly improved skin condition by activating the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway to promote the synthesis of collagen I rather than inhibiting collagen I degradation by deregulating activator protein-1 (AP-1). The results indicated that CHs could benefit skin in both extrinsic and intrinsic aging as active dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hongdong Song
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. and Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Centre of Animal Product, Beijing 100083, China
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45
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Li C, Wang Z, Nong Q, Lin L, Xie J, Mo Z, Huang X, Song X, Malviya MK, Solanki MK, Li Y. Physiological changes and transcriptome profiling in Saccharum spontaneum L. leaf under water stress and re-watering conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5525. [PMID: 33750876 PMCID: PMC7943799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the polyploidy progenitor of modern sugarcane, Saccharum spontaneum is considered to be a valuable resistance source to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little has been reported on the mechanism of drought tolerance in S. spontaneum. Herein, the physiological changes of S. spontaneum GXS87-16 at three water-deficit levels (mild, moderate, and severe) and after re-watering during the elongation stage were investigated. RNA sequencing was utilized for global transcriptome profiling of GXS87-16 under severe drought and re-watered conditions. There were significant alterations in the physiological parameters of GXS87-16 in response to drought stress and then recovered differently after re-watering. A total of 1569 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with water stress and re-watering were identified. Notably, the majority of the DEGs were induced by stress. GO functional annotations and KEGG pathway analysis assigned the DEGs to 47 GO categories and 93 pathway categories. The pathway categories were involved in various processes, such as RNA transport, mRNA surveillance, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction. The reliability of the RNA-seq results was confirmed by qRT-PCR. This study shed light on the regulatory processes of drought tolerance in S. spontaneum and identifies useful genes for genetic improvement of drought tolerance in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changning Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Biology and Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Qian Nong
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Jinlan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Zhanghong Mo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Xiupeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Malviya
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, The Volcani Center, Institute for Post-Harvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Yangrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530007, China.
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Cheng JX, Xia YQ, Liu YF, Liu PF, Liu Y. Transcriptome analysis in Takifugu rubripes and Dicentrarchus labrax gills during Cryptocaryon irritans infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:249-262. [PMID: 33314157 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Takifugu rubripes and Dicentrarchus labrax are important commercial fish in China that are under serious threat from Cryptocaryon irritans. C. irritans is a ciliated obligate parasite that causes marine white spot disease and leads to heavy economic losses. We analysed the transcriptome in the gills of T. rubripes and D. labrax to compare differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways during infection with C. irritans. In total, we identified 6,901 and 35,736 DEGs from T. rubripes and D. labrax, respectively. All DEGs were annotated into GO terms; 6,901 DEGs from T. rubripes were assigned into 991 sub-categories, and 35,736 DEGs from D. labrax were assigned into 8,517 sub-categories. We mapped DEGs to the KEGG database and obtained 153 and 350 KEGG signalling pathways from T. rubripes and D. labrax, respectively. Immune-related categories included Toll-like receptors, MAPK, lysosome, C-type lectin receptor and NOD-like receptor signalling pathways were significantly enriched pathways. In immune-related signalling pathways, we found that AP-1, P38, IL-1β, HSP90 and PLA were significantly up-regulated DEGs in T. rubripes, but P38 and PLA were significantly down-regulated in D. labrax. In this study, transcriptome was used to analyse the difference between scaly and non-scaly fish infection by C. irritans, which not only provided a theoretical basis for the infection mechanism of C. irritans, but also laid a foundation for effectively inhibiting the occurrence of this disease. Our work provides further insight into the immune response of host resistance to C. irritans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Cheng
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Qing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ya-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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47
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Patt J, Alenfelder J, Pfeil EM, Voss JH, Merten N, Eryilmaz F, Heycke N, Rick U, Inoue A, Kehraus S, Deupi X, Müller CE, König GM, Crüsemann M, Kostenis E. An experimental strategy to probe Gq contribution to signal transduction in living cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100472. [PMID: 33639168 PMCID: PMC8024710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein subunits Gαq and Gα11 are inhibited by two cyclic depsipeptides, FR900359 (FR) and YM-254890 (YM), both of which are being used widely to implicate Gq/11 proteins in the regulation of diverse biological processes. An emerging major research question therefore is whether the cellular effects of both inhibitors are on-target, that is, mediated via specific inhibition of Gq/11 proteins, or off-target, that is, the result of nonspecific interactions with other proteins. Here we introduce a versatile experimental strategy to discriminate between these possibilities. We developed a Gαq variant with preserved catalytic activity, but refractory to FR/YM inhibition. A minimum of two amino acid changes were required and sufficient to achieve complete inhibitor resistance. We characterized the novel mutant in HEK293 cells depleted by CRISPR–Cas9 of endogenous Gαq and Gα11 to ensure precise control over the Gα-dependent cellular signaling route. Using a battery of cellular outcomes with known and concealed Gq contribution, we found that FR/YM specifically inhibited cellular signals after Gαq introduction via transient transfection. Conversely, both inhibitors were inert across all assays in cells expressing the drug-resistant variant. These findings eliminate the possibility that inhibition of non-Gq proteins contributes to the cellular effects of the two depsipeptides. We conclude that combined application of FR or YM along with the drug-resistant Gαq variant is a powerful in vitro strategy to discern on-target Gq against off-target non-Gq action. Consequently, it should be of high value for uncovering Gq input to complex biological processes with high accuracy and the requisite specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Patt
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Alenfelder
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Marie Pfeil
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Voss
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole Merten
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Funda Eryilmaz
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Heycke
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uli Rick
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Stefan Kehraus
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xavier Deupi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research and Condensed Matter Theory Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele M König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Max Crüsemann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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48
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Park HC, Park BO, Kim HS, Kim SH, Lee SW, Chung WS. AtMPK6-induced phosphorylation of AtERF72 enhances its DNA binding activity and interaction with TGA4/OBF4 in Arabidopsis. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:11-20. [PMID: 33073469 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ethylene-responsive element binding factor (ERF) family is a large family of transcription factors involved in plant development and environmental stress responses. We previously reported the identification of 29 putative substrates of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase3 (AtMPK3), AtMPK4 and AtMPK6, based on a solid-phase phosphorylation screening using a lambda phage expression library in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, a putative MPK substrate, AtERF72 (At3g16770), was strongly phosphorylated by AtMPK6 on the serine residue at position 151 (Ser151). AtERF72 binds to the GCC box (AGCCGCC) in the promoters of several pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and activates their transcription. We also show that the DNA-binding activity of AtERF72 is enhanced upon phosphorylation by AtMPK6 in vitro. In addition, transient co-expression experiments in Arabidopsis protoplasts revealed that effector constructs expressing a mutant variant of AtERF72, AtERF72S151D (carrying a Ser to aspartic acid [Asp] substitution at amino acid position 151) showed higher expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by the GCC box element than effector constructs expressing the wild-type AtERF72. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid assays revealed that the interaction between AtERF72S151D and TGA4/OBF4 was stronger than that between wild-type AtERF72 and TGA4/OBF4. Since AtERF72S151D is equivalent to AtERF72 phosphorylated by AtMPK6 at Ser151, these results suggest that the phosphorylation of AtERF72 by AtMPK6 triggers an event of transcriptional regulation from defence signalling in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Park
- Team of Vulnerable Ecological Research, Division of Climate and Ecology, Bureau of Conservation & Assessment Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - B O Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science & Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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49
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Rahmani Moghadam E, Raei M, Kalantari M, Tavakol S, Mohammadinejad R, Najafi M, Tay FR, Makvandi P. Progress in Natural Compounds/siRNA Co-delivery Employing Nanovehicles for Cancer Therapy. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:669-700. [PMID: 33095554 PMCID: PMC8015217 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy using natural compounds, such as resveratrol, curcumin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, etoposide, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, is of importance in cancer therapy because of the outstanding therapeutic activity and multitargeting capability of these compounds. However, poor solubility and bioavailability of natural compounds have limited their efficacy in cancer therapy. To circumvent this hurdle, nanocarriers have been designed to improve the antitumor activity of the aforementioned compounds. Nevertheless, cancer treatment is still a challenge, demanding novel strategies. It is well-known that a combination of natural products and gene therapy is advantageous over monotherapy. Delivery of multiple therapeutic agents/small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a potent gene-editing tool in cancer therapy can maximize the synergistic effects against tumor cells. In the present review, co-delivery of natural compounds/siRNA using nanovehicles are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Orta Mahalle,
Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı,
Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
- Sabanci
University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci
University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department
of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology &
Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963114, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department
of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department
of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
| | - Mehdi Raei
- Health Research
Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran
| | - Mahshad Kalantari
- Department
of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Azad University, Tehran 19168931813, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614525, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics
Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical
Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- Radiology
and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- College
of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa Italy
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, 14496-14535 Tehran, Iran
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50
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Chang CC, Liu YC, Lin CH, Liao YC. Histone acetyltransferase p300 mediates the upregulation of CTEN induced by the activation of EGFR signaling in cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:53-58. [PMID: 33310188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Upregulation of C-terminal tensin-like (CTEN) is induced by the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and mainly contributes to cancer cell migration and invasion. CTEN is known as a downstream target of the EGFR-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway but the regulatory mechanism underlying EGFR signaling regulates the increased expression of CTEN is still incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the epigenetic regulation of CTEN gene transcription upon EGFR activation. Analyses of chromatin accessibility revealed that the structure of CTEN promoter became more loosed and the acetylation state of the histone tails within the core promoter region was increased after EGF treatment. Moreover, activation of EGFR signaling facilitates histone acetyltransferase p300 to be recruited to CTEN promoter through MEK-ERK pathway. MEK-ERK activation also induces the phosphorylation of p300, thereby enhancing the levels of histone acetylation within CTEN promoter, which in turn upregulates CTEN gene expression. Our work provides new insights into the actions of EGFR signaling to upregulate CTEN, which may lead to the rational design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chou Liu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Liao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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