1
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Geoffroy K, Mullins-Dansereau V, Leclerc-Desaulniers K, Viens M, Bourgeois-Daigneault MC. Oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus alone or in combination with JAK inhibitors is effective against ovarian cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200826. [PMID: 39006945 PMCID: PMC11246050 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Therapy-resistant ovarian cancers have a poor prognosis and novel effective treatment options are urgently needed. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of the oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) against a panel of patient-derived ovarian cancer cell lines of all epithelial subtypes. Notably, we found that most of the cell lines were sensitive to VSV virotherapy. With the objective of improving treatment efficacy for the oncolytic virus-resistant cell lines, we tested various combinations with ovarian cancer standard of care drugs: olaparib, carboplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and gemcitabine. While none of these combinations revealed to be beneficial, further experiments demonstrated that the antiviral interferon pathway was functional in VSV-resistant cell lines. Given that interferons signal through Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT to mediate their antiviral function, we tested combinations of oncolytic VSV with clinically relevant JAK inhibitors. Our results show that combining VSV with various JAK inhibitors, including ruxolitinib, enhances VSV virotherapy and treatment efficacy. Altogether, we show that VSV, either as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with JAK inhibitors provides an effective therapeutic option for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Geoffroy
- Cancer and Immunopathology Axes, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Victor Mullins-Dansereau
- Cancer and Immunopathology Axes, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Kim Leclerc-Desaulniers
- Cancer and Immunopathology Axes, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mélissa Viens
- Cancer and Immunopathology Axes, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Bourgeois-Daigneault
- Cancer and Immunopathology Axes, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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2
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Hodgins JJ, Abou-Hamad J, O’Dwyer CE, Hagerman A, Yakubovich E, Tanese de Souza C, Marotel M, Buchler A, Fadel S, Park MM, Fong-McMaster C, Crupi MF, Makinson OJ, Kurdieh R, Rezaei R, Dhillon HS, Ilkow CS, Bell JC, Harper ME, Rotstein BH, Auer RC, Vanderhyden BC, Sabourin LA, Bourgeois-Daigneault MC, Cook DP, Ardolino M. PD-L1 promotes oncolytic virus infection via a metabolic shift that inhibits the type I IFN pathway. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20221721. [PMID: 38869480 PMCID: PMC11176258 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While conventional wisdom initially postulated that PD-L1 serves as the inert ligand for PD-1, an emerging body of literature suggests that PD-L1 has cell-intrinsic functions in immune and cancer cells. In line with these studies, here we show that engagement of PD-L1 via cellular ligands or agonistic antibodies, including those used in the clinic, potently inhibits the type I interferon pathway in cancer cells. Hampered type I interferon responses in PD-L1-expressing cancer cells resulted in enhanced efficacy of oncolytic viruses in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, PD-L1 expression marked tumor explants from cancer patients that were best infected by oncolytic viruses. Mechanistically, PD-L1 promoted a metabolic shift characterized by enhanced glycolysis rate that resulted in increased lactate production. In turn, lactate inhibited type I IFN responses. In addition to adding mechanistic insight into PD-L1 intrinsic function, our results will also help guide the numerous ongoing efforts to combine PD-L1 antibodies with oncolytic virotherapy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Hodgins
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John Abou-Hamad
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Colin Edward O’Dwyer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ash Hagerman
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Edward Yakubovich
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Marie Marotel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ariel Buchler
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Saleh Fadel
- The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maria M. Park
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Claire Fong-McMaster
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute for Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mathieu F. Crupi
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Olivia Joan Makinson
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Reem Kurdieh
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Harkirat Singh Dhillon
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute for Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Benjamin H. Rotstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Rebecca C. Auer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Luc A. Sabourin
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Bourgeois-Daigneault
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal Research Centre, Cancer and Immunopathology axes, Montreal, Canada
| | - David P. Cook
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michele Ardolino
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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3
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Gujar S, Pol JG, Kumar V, Lizarralde-Guerrero M, Konda P, Kroemer G, Bell JC. Tutorial: design, production and testing of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Protoc 2024:10.1038/s41596-024-00985-1. [PMID: 38769145 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a novel class of cancer immunotherapy agents that preferentially infect and kill cancer cells and promote protective antitumor immunity. Furthermore, OVs can be used in combination with established or upcoming immunotherapeutic agents, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, to efficiently target a wide range of malignancies. The development of OV-based therapy involves three major steps before clinical evaluation: design, production and preclinical testing. OVs can be designed as natural or engineered strains and subsequently selected for their ability to kill a broad spectrum of cancer cells rather than normal, healthy cells. OV selection is further influenced by multiple factors, such as the availability of a specific viral platform, cancer cell permissivity, the need for genetic engineering to render the virus non-pathogenic and/or more effective and logistical considerations around the use of OVs within the laboratory or clinical setting. Selected OVs are then produced and tested for their anticancer potential by using syngeneic, xenograft or humanized preclinical models wherein immunocompromised and immunocompetent setups are used to elucidate their direct oncolytic ability as well as indirect immunotherapeutic potential in vivo. Finally, OVs demonstrating the desired anticancer potential progress toward translation in patients with cancer. This tutorial provides guidelines for the design, production and preclinical testing of OVs, emphasizing considerations specific to OV technology that determine their clinical utility as cancer immunotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jonathan G Pol
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vishnupriyan Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Manuela Lizarralde-Guerrero
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Prathyusha Konda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - John C Bell
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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4
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Nelson A, McMullen N, Gebremeskel S, De Antueno R, Mackenzie D, Duncan R, Johnston B. Fusogenic vesicular stomatitis virus combined with natural killer T cell immunotherapy controls metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:78. [PMID: 38750591 PMCID: PMC11094881 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in woman. Current treatment options are often associated with adverse side effects and poor outcomes, demonstrating the need for effective new treatments. Immunotherapies can provide durable outcomes in many cancers; however, limited success has been achieved in metastatic triple negative breast cancer. We tested whether combining different immunotherapies can target metastatic triple negative breast cancer in pre-clinical models. METHODS Using primary and metastatic 4T1 triple negative mammary carcinoma models, we examined the therapeutic effects of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVΔM51) engineered to express reovirus-derived fusion associated small transmembrane proteins p14 (VSV-p14) or p15 (VSV-p15). These viruses were delivered alone or in combination with natural killer T (NKT) cell activation therapy mediated by adoptive transfer of α-galactosylceramide-loaded dendritic cells. RESULTS Treatment of primary 4T1 tumors with VSV-p14 or VSV-p15 alone increased immunogenic tumor cell death, attenuated tumor growth, and enhanced immune cell infiltration and activation compared to control oncolytic virus (VSV-GFP) treatments and untreated mice. When combined with NKT cell activation therapy, oncolytic VSV-p14 and VSV-p15 reduced metastatic lung burden to undetectable levels in all mice and generated immune memory as evidenced by enhanced in vitro recall responses (tumor killing and cytokine production) and impaired tumor growth upon rechallenge. CONCLUSION Combining NKT cell immunotherapy with enhanced oncolytic virotherapy increased anti-tumor immune targeting of lung metastasis and presents a promising treatment strategy for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nichole McMullen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Simon Gebremeskel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Roberto De Antueno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Duncan Mackenzie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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5
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Kurmasheva N, Said A, Wong B, Kinderman P, Han X, Rahimic AHF, Kress A, Carter-Timofte ME, Holm E, van der Horst D, Kollmann CF, Liu Z, Wang C, Hoang HD, Kovalenko E, Chrysopoulou M, Twayana KS, Ottosen RN, Svenningsen EB, Begnini F, Kiib AE, Kromm FEH, Weiss HJ, Di Carlo D, Muscolini M, Higgins M, van der Heijden M, Bardoul A, Tong T, Ozsvar A, Hou WH, Schack VR, Holm CK, Zheng Y, Ruzek M, Kalucka J, de la Vega L, Elgaher WAM, Korshoej AR, Lin R, Hiscott J, Poulsen TB, O'Neill LA, Roy DG, Rinschen MM, van Montfoort N, Diallo JS, Farin HF, Alain T, Olagnier D. Octyl itaconate enhances VSVΔ51 oncolytic virotherapy by multitarget inhibition of antiviral and inflammatory pathways. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4096. [PMID: 38750019 PMCID: PMC11096414 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of heterogeneity in responses to oncolytic virotherapy poses a barrier to clinical effectiveness, as resistance to this treatment can occur through the inhibition of viral spread within the tumor, potentially leading to treatment failures. Here we show that 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a chemical derivative of the Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate, enhances oncolytic virotherapy with VSVΔ51 in various models including human and murine resistant cancer cell lines, three-dimensional (3D) patient-derived colon tumoroids and organotypic brain tumor slices. Furthermore, 4-OI in combination with VSVΔ51 improves therapeutic outcomes in a resistant murine colon tumor model. Mechanistically, we find that 4-OI suppresses antiviral immunity in cancer cells through the modification of cysteine residues in MAVS and IKKβ independently of the NRF2/KEAP1 axis. We propose that the combination of a metabolite-derived drug with an oncolytic virus agent can greatly improve anticancer therapeutic outcomes by direct interference with the type I IFN and NF-κB-mediated antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naziia Kurmasheva
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Aida Said
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Boaz Wong
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Insitute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Priscilla Kinderman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoying Han
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Anna H F Rahimic
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alena Kress
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Emilia Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Zhenlong Liu
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Chen Wang
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Huy-Dung Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Elina Kovalenko
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rasmus N Ottosen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Fabio Begnini
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders E Kiib
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Hauke J Weiss
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniele Di Carlo
- Pasteur Laboratories, Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Michela Muscolini
- Pasteur Laboratories, Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Mirte van der Heijden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Angelina Bardoul
- Cancer Axis, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tong Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- DCCC Brain Tumor Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Attila Ozsvar
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Wen-Hsien Hou
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Vivien R Schack
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christian K Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yunan Zheng
- Small Molecule Therapeutics & Platform Technologies, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegon Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Melanie Ruzek
- AbbVie, Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA, 01608, USA
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Walid A M Elgaher
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anders R Korshoej
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- DCCC Brain Tumor Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rongtuan Lin
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - John Hiscott
- Pasteur Laboratories, Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Thomas B Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Luke A O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dominic G Roy
- Cancer Axis, CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- III. Department of Medicine and Hamburg Center for Kidney Health, Hamburg, Germany
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nadine van Montfoort
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Insitute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Henner F Farin
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt/Mainz partner site and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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6
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Bahreyni A, Mohamud Y, Luo H. Oncolytic virus-based combination therapy in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216634. [PMID: 38309616 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to pose significant challenges in the field of oncology, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. Among these, oncolytic viruses have emerged as a promising frontier in the battle against various types of cancer, including breast cancer. These viruses, often genetically modified, have the unique ability to selectively infect and destroy cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed. Their efficacy in tumor eradication is not only owing to direct cell lysis but also relies on their capacity to activate the immune system, thereby eliciting a potent and sustained antitumor response. While oncolytic viruses represent a significant advancement in cancer treatment, the complexity and adaptability inherent to cancer require a diverse array of therapies. The concept of combining oncolytic viruses with other treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies, has received significant attention. This synergistic approach capitalizes on the strengths of each therapy, thus creating a comprehensive strategy to tackle the heterogeneous and evolving nature of breast cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide an in-depth discussion of preclinical and clinical viro-based combination therapy in the context of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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7
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Sikora A, Sullivan KM, Dineen S, Raoof M, Karolak A. Emerging therapeutic approaches for peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200767. [PMID: 38596287 PMCID: PMC10873742 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal malignancies present difficult management decisions, with options consisting primarily of systemic chemotherapy or major surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Current research is investigating expanding therapeutic modalities, and the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the existing and emerging therapies for the peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal cancers, primarily through the recent literature (2015 and newer). These include the current data with systemic therapy and cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal or pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy, as well as novel promising modalities under investigation, including dominating oncolytic viral therapy and adoptive cellular, biologic, and bacteria therapy, or nanotechnology. The novel diverse strategies, although preliminary and preclinical in murine models, individually and collectively contribute to the treatment of peritoneal metastases, offering hope for improved outcomes and quality of life. We foresee that these evolving treatment approaches will facilitate the transfer of knowledge and data among studies and advance discovery of new drugs and optimized treatments for patients with peritoneal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sikora
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kevin M. Sullivan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sean Dineen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mustafa Raoof
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Aleksandra Karolak
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Machine Learning, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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8
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Groeneveldt C, Kinderman P, Griffioen L, Rensing O, Labrie C, van den Wollenberg DJ, Hoeben RC, Coffey M, Loghmani H, Verdegaal EM, Welters MJ, van der Burg SH, van Hall T, van Montfoort N. Neutralizing Antibodies Impair the Oncolytic Efficacy of Reovirus but Permit Effective Combination with T cell-Based Immunotherapies. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:334-349. [PMID: 38194598 PMCID: PMC10911706 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Reovirus type 3 Dearing (Reo), manufactured for clinical application as pelareorep, is an attractive anticancer agent under evaluation in multiple phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors. It elicits its anticancer efficacy by inducing both oncolysis and intratumoral T-cell influx. Because most people have been preexposed to Reo, neutralizing antibodies (NAb) are prevalent in patients with cancer and might present a barrier to effective Reo therapy. Here, we tested serum of patients with cancer and healthy controls (n = 100) and confirmed that Reo NAbs are present in >80% of individuals. To investigate the effect of NAbs on both the oncolytic and the immunostimulatory efficacy of Reo, we established an experimental mouse model with Reo preexposure. The presence of preexposure-induced NAbs reduced Reo tumor infection and prevented Reo-mediated control of tumor growth after intratumoral Reo administration. In B cell-deficient mice, the lack of NAbs provided enhanced tumor growth control after Reo monotherapy, indicating that NAbs limit the oncolytic capacity of Reo. In immunocompetent mice, intratumoral T-cell influx was not affected by the presence of preexposure-induced NAbs and consequently, combinatorial immunotherapy strategies comprising Reo and T-cell engagers or checkpoint inhibitors remained effective in these settings, also after a clinically applied regimen of multiple intravenous pelareorep administrations. Altogether, our data indicate that NAbs hamper the oncolytic efficacy of Reo, but not its immunotherapeutic capacity. Given the high prevalence of seropositivity for Reo in patients with cancer, our data strongly advocate for the application of Reo as part of T cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianne Groeneveldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Kinderman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Griffioen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Olivia Rensing
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Camilla Labrie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rob C. Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matt Coffey
- Oncolytics Biotech Incorporated, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Els M.E. Verdegaal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marij J.P. Welters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H. van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine van Montfoort
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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9
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Stergiopoulos GM, Iankov I, Galanis E. Personalizing Oncolytic Immunovirotherapy Approaches. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:153-168. [PMID: 38150172 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Development of successful cancer therapeutics requires exploration of the differences in genetics, metabolism, and interactions with the immune system among malignant and normal cells. The clinical observation of spontaneous tumor regression following natural infection with microorganism has created the premise of their use as cancer therapeutics. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) originate from viruses with attenuated virulence in humans, well-characterized vaccine strains of known human pathogens, or engineered replication-deficient viral vectors. Their selectivity is based on receptor expression level and post entry restriction factors that favor replication in the tumor, while keeping the normal cells unharmed. Clinical trials have demonstrated a wide range of patient responses to virotherapy, with subgroups of patients significantly benefiting from OV administration. Tumor-specific gene signatures, including antiviral interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression profile, have demonstrated a strong correlation with tumor permissiveness to infection. Furthermore, the combination of OVs with immunotherapeutics, including anticancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors [ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T or CAR-NK cells], could synergistically improve the therapeutic outcome. Creating response prediction algorithms represents an important step for the transition to individualized immunovirotherapy approaches in the clinic. Integrative predictors could include tumor mutational burden (TMB), inflammatory gene signature, phenotype of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor microenvironment (TME), and immune checkpoint receptor expression on both immune and target cells. Additionally, the gut microbiota has recently been recognized as a systemic immunomodulatory factor and could further be used in the optimization of individualized immunovirotherapy algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ianko Iankov
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Evanthia Galanis
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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10
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Yan D, Li G, Yuan Y, Li H, Cao H, Dai Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li F, Fang Y, Gao Q. SOCS3 inhibiting JAK-STAT pathway enhances oncolytic adenovirus efficacy by potentiating viral replication and T-cell activation. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:397-409. [PMID: 38102464 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as a potentially useful treatment for malignancies due to the capabilities of direct oncolysis and immune induction. Improving the replication of OVs is an effective approach to enhance the oncolytic effects. Here, we observed that cancer cells with deficiencies in JAK-STAT pathway showed greater sensitivity to oncolytic adenovirus (oAd), and JAK inhibitor could enhance the replication of oAd. Therefore, we constructed a novel oAd expressing SOCS3, a major negative regulator of JAK-STAT pathway, and confirmed that oAd-SOCS3 exhibited a more significant antitumor effect than oAd-Ctrl both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SOCS3 inhibited the activation of JAK-STAT pathway, resulting in stronger tumor selective replication of oAd and downregulated expression of PD-L1 on cancer cells as well. Both benefits could collectively awaken antitumor immunity. This study highlights the importance of JAK-STAT pathway in viral replication and confirms the treatment of oAd-SOCS3 in potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danmei Yan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Guannan Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Huayi Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Heng Cao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yilin Dai
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Fei Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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11
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Volovat SR, Scripcariu DV, Vasilache IA, Stolniceanu CR, Volovat C, Augustin IG, Volovat CC, Ostafe MR, Andreea-Voichița SG, Bejusca-Vieriu T, Lungulescu CV, Sur D, Boboc D. Oncolytic Virotherapy: A New Paradigm in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1180. [PMID: 38256250 PMCID: PMC10816814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potential treatment options for cancer. Natural and genetically engineered viruses exhibit various antitumor mechanisms. OVs act by direct cytolysis, the potentiation of the immune system through antigen release, and the activation of inflammatory responses or indirectly by interference with different types of elements in the tumor microenvironment, modification of energy metabolism in tumor cells, and antiangiogenic action. The action of OVs is pleiotropic, and they show varied interactions with the host and tumor cells. An important impediment in oncolytic virotherapy is the journey of the virus into the tumor cells and the possibility of its binding to different biological and nonbiological vectors. OVs have been demonstrated to eliminate cancer cells that are resistant to standard treatments in many clinical trials for various cancers (melanoma, lung, and hepatic); however, there are several elements of resistance to the action of viruses per se. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the combination of OVs with other standard treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and cellular therapies, to increase the response rate. This review provides a comprehensive update on OVs, their use in oncolytic virotherapy, and the future prospects of this therapy alongside the standard therapies currently used in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Dragos Viorel Scripcariu
- Department of Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ingrid Andrada Vasilache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics—Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | | | | | - Madalina-Raluca Ostafe
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Slevoacă-Grigore Andreea-Voichița
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Toni Bejusca-Vieriu
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | | | - Daniel Sur
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Diana Boboc
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
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12
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Galpin KJC, Rodriguez GM, Maranda V, Cook DP, Macdonald E, Murshed H, Zhao S, McCloskey CW, Chruscinski A, Levy GA, Ardolino M, Vanderhyden BC. FGL2 promotes tumour growth and attenuates infiltration of activated immune cells in melanoma and ovarian cancer models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:787. [PMID: 38191799 PMCID: PMC10774293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment is infiltrated by immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), which contribute to tumour escape and impede immunotherapy outcomes. Soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (sFGL2), a Treg effector protein, inhibits immune cell populations, via receptors FcγRIIB and FcγRIII, leading to downregulation of CD86 in antigen presenting cells and limiting T cell activation. Increased FGL2 expression is associated with tumour progression and poor survival in several different cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme, lung, renal, liver, colorectal, and prostate cancer. Querying scRNA-seq human cancer data shows FGL2 is produced by cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME), particularly monocytes and macrophages as well as T cells and dendritic cells (DCs), while cancer cells have minimal expression of FGL2. We studied the role of FGL2 exclusively produced by cells in the TME, by leveraging Fgl2 knockout mice. We tested two murine models of cancer in which the role of FGL2 has not been previously studied: epithelial ovarian cancer and melanoma. We show that absence of FGL2 leads to a more activated TME, including activated DCs (CD86+, CD40+) and T cells (CD25+, TIGIT+), as well as demonstrating for the first time that the absence of FGL2 leads to more activated natural killer cells (DNAM-1+, NKG2D+) in the TME. Furthermore, the absence of FGL2 leads to prolonged survival in the B16F10 melanoma model, while the absence of FGL2 synergizes with oncolytic virus to prolong survival in the ID8-p53-/-Brca2-/- ovarian cancer model. In conclusion, targeting FGL2 is a promising cancer treatment strategy alone and in combination immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristianne J C Galpin
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Galaxia M Rodriguez
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Vincent Maranda
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - David P Cook
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Macdonald
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Humaira Murshed
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Shan Zhao
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Curtis W McCloskey
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Andrzej Chruscinski
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary A Levy
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michele Ardolino
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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13
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Abou-Hamad J, Hodgins JJ, Yakubovich E, Vanderhyden BC, Ardolino M, Sabourin LA. Sox10-Deficient Drug-Resistant Melanoma Cells Are Refractory to Oncolytic RNA Viruses. Cells 2023; 13:73. [PMID: 38201278 PMCID: PMC10777920 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy resistance frequently develops in melanoma due to intratumor heterogeneity and epigenetic reprogramming. This also typically induces cross-resistance to immunotherapies. Whether this includes additional modes of therapy has not been fully assessed. We show that co-treatments of MAPKi with VSV-based oncolytics do not function in a synergistic fashion; rather, the MAPKis block infection. Melanoma resistance to vemurafenib further perturbs the cells' ability to be infected by oncolytic viruses. Resistance to vemurafenib can be induced by the loss of SOX10, a common proliferative marker in melanoma. The loss of SOX10 promotes a cross-resistant state by further inhibiting viral infection and replication. Analysis of RNA-seq datasets revealed an upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in SOX10 knockout populations and targeted therapy-resistant cells. Interestingly, the induction of ISGs appears to be independent of type I IFN production. Overall, our data suggest that the pathway mediating oncolytic resistance is due to the loss of SOX10 during acquired drug resistance in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Abou-Hamad
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Jonathan J. Hodgins
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Edward Yakubovich
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Michele Ardolino
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Luc A. Sabourin
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (J.A.-H.); (E.Y.); (B.C.V.); (M.A.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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14
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Boulton S, Poutou J, Gill R, Alluqmani N, He X, Singaravelu R, Crupi MJ, Petryk J, Austin B, Angka L, Taha Z, Teo I, Singh S, Jamil R, Marius R, Martin N, Jamieson T, Azad T, Diallo JS, Ilkow CS, Bell JC. A T cell-targeted multi-antigen vaccine generates robust cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101110. [PMID: 37822719 PMCID: PMC10562195 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent behind the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has continued to mutate and create new variants with increased resistance against the WHO-approved spike-based vaccines. With a significant portion of the worldwide population still unvaccinated and with waning immunity against newly emerging variants, there is a pressing need to develop novel vaccines that provide broader and longer-lasting protection. To generate broader protective immunity against COVID-19, we developed our second-generation vaccinia virus-based COVID-19 vaccine, TOH-VAC-2, encoded with modified versions of the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins as well as a unique poly-epitope antigen that contains immunodominant T cell epitopes from seven different SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We show that the poly-epitope antigen restimulates T cells from the PBMCs of individuals formerly infected with SARS-CoV-2. In mice, TOH-VAC-2 vaccination produces high titers of S- and N-specific antibodies and generates robust T cell immunity against S, N, and poly-epitope antigens. The immunity generated from TOH-VAC-2 is also capable of protecting mice from heterologous challenge with recombinant VSV viruses that express the same SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our versatile vaccine platform as an alternative or complementary approach to current vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rida Gill
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Nouf Alluqmani
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Xiaohong He
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mathieu J.F. Crupi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Bradley Austin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Leonard Angka
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Zaid Taha
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Iris Teo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Siddarth Singh
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Rameen Jamil
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ricardo Marius
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nikolas Martin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Taylor Jamieson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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15
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Liang CY, Huang I, Han J, Sownthirarajan B, Kulhankova K, Murray NB, Taherzadeh M, Archer-Hartmann S, Pepi L, Manivasagam S, Plung J, Sturtz M, Yu Y, Vogel OA, Kandasamy M, Gourronc FA, Klingelhutz AJ, Choudhury B, Rong L, Perez JT, Azadi P, McCray PB, Neelamegham S, Manicassamy B. Avian influenza A viruses exhibit plasticity in sialylglycoconjugate receptor usage in human lung cells. J Virol 2023; 97:e0090623. [PMID: 37843369 PMCID: PMC10688379 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00906-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It is well known that influenza A viruses (IAV) initiate host cell infection by binding to sialic acid, a sugar molecule present at the ends of various sugar chains called glycoconjugates. These sugar chains can vary in chain length, structure, and composition. However, it remains unknown if IAV strains preferentially bind to sialic acid on specific glycoconjugate type(s) for host cell infection. Here, we utilized CRISPR gene editing to abolish sialic acid on different glycoconjugate types in human lung cells, and evaluated human versus avian IAV infections. Our studies show that both human and avian IAV strains can infect human lung cells by utilizing any of the three major sialic acid-containing glycoconjugate types, specifically N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycolipids. Interestingly, simultaneous elimination of sialic acid on all three major glycoconjugate types in human lung cells dramatically decreased human IAV infection, yet had little effect on avian IAV infection. These studies show that avian IAV strains effectively utilize other less prevalent glycoconjugates for infection, whereas human IAV strains rely on a limited repertoire of glycoconjugate types. The remarkable ability of avian IAV strains to utilize diverse glycoconjugate types may allow for easy transmission into new host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
| | - Iris Huang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Julianna Han
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan B. Murray
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Mehrnoush Taherzadeh
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Lauren Pepi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jesse Plung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Miranda Sturtz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
| | - Yolanda Yu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Olivia A. Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | - Biswa Choudhury
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jasmine T. Perez
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Paul B. McCray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Balaji Manicassamy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, lowa, USA
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16
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Wong B, Bergeron A, Maznyi G, Ng K, Jirovec A, Birdi HK, Serrano D, Spinelli M, Thomson M, Taha Z, Alwithenani A, Chen A, Lorimer I, Vanderhyden B, Arulanandam R, Diallo JS. Pevonedistat, a first-in-class NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, sensitizes cancer cells to VSVΔ51 oncolytic virotherapy. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3176-3192. [PMID: 37766429 PMCID: PMC10638453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of VSVΔ51 oncolytic virotherapy has been limited by tumor resistance to viral infection, so strategies to transiently repress antiviral defenses are warranted. Pevonedistat is a first-in-class NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor currently being tested in clinical trials for its antitumor potential. In this study, we demonstrate that pevonedistat sensitizes human and murine cancer cells to increase oncolytic VSVΔ51 infection, increase tumor cell death, and improve therapeutic outcomes in resistant syngeneic murine cancer models. Increased VSVΔ51 infectivity was also observed in clinical human tumor samples. We further identify the mechanism of this effect to operate via blockade of the type 1 interferon (IFN-1) response through neddylation-dependent interferon-stimulated growth factor 3 (ISGF3) repression and neddylation-independent inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. Together, our results identify a role for neddylation in regulating the innate immune response and demonstrate that pevonedistat can improve the therapeutic outcomes of strategies using oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Wong
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Anabel Bergeron
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Glib Maznyi
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Kristy Ng
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anna Jirovec
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Harsimrat K Birdi
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Daniel Serrano
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Marcus Spinelli
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Max Thomson
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Zaid Taha
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Akram Alwithenani
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Andrew Chen
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ian Lorimer
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Barbara Vanderhyden
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Rozanne Arulanandam
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
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17
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Tur-Planells V, García-Sastre A, Cuadrado-Castano S, Nistal-Villan E. Engineering Non-Human RNA Viruses for Cancer Therapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1617. [PMID: 37897020 PMCID: PMC10611381 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alongside the development and progress in cancer immunotherapy, research in oncolytic viruses (OVs) continues advancing novel treatment strategies to the clinic. With almost 50 clinical trials carried out over the last decade, the opportunities for intervention using OVs are expanding beyond the old-fashioned concept of "lytic killers", with promising breakthrough therapeutic strategies focused on leveraging the immunostimulatory potential of different viral platforms. This review presents an overview of non-human-adapted RNA viruses engineered for cancer therapy. Moreover, we describe the diverse strategies employed to manipulate the genomes of these viruses to optimize their therapeutic capabilities. By focusing on different aspects of this particular group of viruses, we describe the insights into the promising advancements in the field of virotherapy and its potential to revolutionize cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicent Tur-Planells
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Health, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain;
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sara Cuadrado-Castano
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute (IGI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Estanislao Nistal-Villan
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Health, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA) Nemesio Díez, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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18
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Scroggs SLP, Bird EJ, Molik DC, Nayduch D. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Elicits Early Transcriptome Response in Culicoides sonorensis Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:2108. [PMID: 37896885 PMCID: PMC10612082 DOI: 10.3390/v15102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, or arboviruses, have evolved to successfully navigate both the invertebrate and vertebrate hosts, including their immune systems. Biting midges transmit several arboviruses including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). To study the interaction between VSV and midges, we characterized the transcriptomic responses of VSV-infected and mock-infected Culicoides sonorensis cells at 1, 8, 24, and 96 h post inoculation (HPI). The transcriptomic response of VSV-infected cells at 1 HPI was significant, but by 8 HPI there were no detectable differences between the transcriptome profiles of VSV-infected and mock-infected cells. Several genes involved in immunity were upregulated (ATG2B and TRAF4) or downregulated (SMAD6 and TOLL7) in VSV-treated cells at 1 HPI. These results indicate that VSV infection in midge cells produces an early immune response that quickly wanes, giving insight into in vivo C. sonorensis VSV tolerance that may underlie their permissiveness as vectors for this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. P. Scroggs
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (D.C.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Edward J. Bird
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;
| | - David C. Molik
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (D.C.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Dana Nayduch
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (D.C.M.); (D.N.)
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19
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Goad DW, Nesmelova AY, Yohe LR, Grdzelishvili VZ. Intertumoral heterogeneity impacts oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus efficacy in mouse pancreatic cancer cells. J Virol 2023; 97:e0100523. [PMID: 37671865 PMCID: PMC10537684 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01005-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising virus-based approach against various malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our previous studies demonstrated that human PDAC cell lines are highly variable in their permissiveness to OVs. Mouse PDAC cell lines, which are widely used for in vivo examination of the adaptive immune responses during OV and other cancer therapies, have never been examined systematically for the impact of intertumoral heterogeneity (the differences observed between tumors in different patients) on OV virus efficacy. Here, we examined phenotypically and genotypically three commonly used allograftable mouse PDAC cell lines (C57BL6 genetic background): Panc02 (derived from chemically induced PDAC; also known as Pan02), and two cell lines originated from PDACs developed in two different KPC (KrasG12D, Trp53R172H, and PDX-1-Cre) mouse models. Our study (i) characterized the ability of a widely used attenuated oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus VSV-ΔM51-GFP to infect, replicate in, and kill mouse PDAC cells; (ii) examined their innate antiviral responses; (iii) compared their permissiveness to a non-attenuated VSV-Mwt-GFP and chemotherapeutic drugs; and (iv) analyzed their karyotype and exome. Mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their permissiveness to VSV-ΔM51-GFP, which negatively correlated with their abilities to mount innate antiviral responses, while all three cell lines were highly permissive to VSV-Mwt-GFP. No correlation was found between resistance to VSV-ΔM51-GFP and chemotherapy. Also, mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their karyotype and exome. The exome analysis demonstrated that more VSV-ΔM51-GFP-permissive mouse PDAC cell lines harbor mutations in multiple important antiviral genes, such as TYK2, JAK2, and JAK3. IMPORTANCE Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising virus-based approach against various malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our previous studies using various human PDAC cell lines demonstrated that they are highly variable in their permissiveness to OVs. In this study, we examined phenotypically and genotypically three commonly used allograftable mouse PDAC cell lines, which are widely used for in vivo examination of the adaptive immune responses during cancer therapies. Mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their permissiveness to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which negatively correlated with their abilities to mount innate antiviral responses. Also, we discovered that more VSV-permissive mouse PDAC cell lines harbor mutations in multiple important antiviral genes, such as TYK2, JAK2, and JAK3. Our study provides essential information about three model mouse PDAC cell lines and proposes a novel platform to study OV-based therapies against different PDACs in immunocompetent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota W. Goad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna Y. Nesmelova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laurel R. Yohe
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valery Z. Grdzelishvili
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
- School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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20
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Alkayyal AA, Darwish M, Ajina R, Alabbas SY, Alotaibi MA, Alsofyani A, Bokhamseen M, Hakami M, Albaradie OA, Moglan AM, Hala S, Alsahafi AF, Zakri S, Almuzaini A, Alsharari K, Kaboha F, Taher MY, Zein HS, Alroqi F, Mahmoud AB. Repurposing the oncolytic virus VSV∆51M as a COVID-19 vaccine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1150892. [PMID: 37528991 PMCID: PMC10390216 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1150892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic imposes an urgent and continued need for the development of safe and cost-effective vaccines to induce preventive responses for limiting major outbreaks around the world. To combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we repurposed the VSV∆51M oncolytic virus platform to express the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigen. In this study, we report the development and characterization of the VSV∆51M-RBD vaccine. Our findings demonstrate successful expression of the RBD gene by the VSV∆51M-RBD virus, inducing anti-RBD responses without attenuating the virus. Moreover, the VSV∆51M-RBD vaccine exhibited safety, immunogenicity, and the potential to serve as a safe and effective alternative or complementary platform to current COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almohanad A. Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar Darwish
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Ajina
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Y. Alabbas
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alotaibi
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alsofyani
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Bokhamseen
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maumonah Hakami
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A. Albaradie
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M. Moglan
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharif Hala
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Faisal Alsahafi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer Zakri
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Almuzaini
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khamis Alsharari
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Kaboha
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Y. Taher
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haggag S. Zein
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Immunology, Ministry of the National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Velazquez-Salinas L, Medina GN, Valdez F, Zarate S, Collinson S, Zhu JJ, Rodriguez LL. Exploring the Molecular Basis of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pathogenesis in Swine: Insights from Expression Profiling of Primary Macrophages Infected with M51R Mutant Virus. Pathogens 2023; 12:896. [PMID: 37513744 PMCID: PMC10384765 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an emergent virus affecting livestock in the US. Previously, using a recombinant VSV carrying the M51R mutation in the matrix protein (rNJ0612NME6-M51R), we evaluated the pathogenesis of this virus in pigs. Our results indicated that rNJ0612NME6-M51R represented an attenuated phenotype in in-vivo and in ex-vivo in pig macrophages, resembling certain clinical features observed in field VSV isolates. In order to gain more insight into the molecular basis leading to the attenuation of rNJ0612NME6-M51R in pigs, we conducted a microarray analysis to assess the gene expression profiles of primary porcine macrophages infected with rNJ0612NME6-M51R compared to its parental virus (rNJ0612NME6). Our results showed an overall higher gene expression in macrophages infected with rNJ0612NME6-M51R. Specifically, we observed that the pathways related with immune cytokine signaling and interferon (IFN)-related responses (including activation, signaling, induction, and antiviral mechanisms) were the ones comprising most of the relevant genes identified during this study. Collectively, the results presented herein highlight the relevance of type I interferon during the pathogenesis of VSV in pigs. The information generated from this study may represent a framework for future studies intended to understand the molecular bases of the pathogenesis of field strains in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauro Velazquez-Salinas
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Gisselle N Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Federico Valdez
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)-PIADC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Selene Zarate
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Shannon Collinson
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)-PIADC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - James J Zhu
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Luis L Rodriguez
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
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22
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Gao Y, Bergman I. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) G Glycoprotein Can Be Modified to Create a Her2/Neu-Targeted VSV That Eliminates Large Implanted Mammary Tumors. J Virol 2023; 97:e0037223. [PMID: 37199666 PMCID: PMC10308914 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00372-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral oncolytic immunotherapy is a nascent field that is developing tools to direct the immune system to find and eliminate cancer cells. Safety is improved by using cancer-targeted viruses that infect or grow poorly on normal cells. The recent discovery of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor as the major vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) binding site allowed for the creation of a Her2/neu-targeted replicating recombinant VSV (rrVSV-G) by eliminating the LDL receptor binding site in the VSV-G glycoprotein (gp) and adding a sequence coding for a single chain antibody (SCA) to the Her2/neu receptor. The virus was adapted by serial passage on Her2/neu-expressing cancer cells resulting in a virus that yielded a 15- to 25-fold higher titer following in vitro infection of Her2/neu+-expressing cell lines than that of Her2/neu-negative cells (~1 × 108/mL versus 4 × 106 to 8 × 106/mL). An essential mutation resulting in a higher titer virus was a threonine-to-arginine change that produced an N-glycosylation site in the SCA. Infection of Her2/neu+ subcutaneous tumors yielded >10-fold more virus on days 1 and 2 than Her2/neu- tumors, and virus production continued for 5 days in Her2/neu+ tumors compared with 3 days that of 3 days in Her2/neu- tumors. rrVSV-G cured 70% of large 5-day peritoneal tumors compared with a 10% cure by a previously targeted rrVSV with a modified Sindbis gp. rrVSV-G also cured 33% of very large 7-day tumors. rrVSV-G is a new targeted oncolytic virus that has potent antitumor capabilities and allows for heterologous combination with other targeted oncolytic viruses. IMPORTANCE A new form of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was created that specifically targets and destroys cancer cells that express the Her2/neu receptor. This receptor is commonly found in human breast cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. In laboratory tests using mouse models, the virus was highly effective at eliminating implanted tumors and creating a strong immune response against cancer. VSV has many advantages as a cancer treatment, including high levels of safety and efficacy and the ability to be combined with other oncolytic viruses to enhance treatment results or to create an effective cancer vaccine. This new virus can also be easily modified to target other cancer cell surface molecules and to add immune-modifying genes. Overall, this new VSV is a promising candidate for further development as an immune-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ira Bergman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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23
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Storozynsky QT, Han X, Komant S, Agopsowicz KC, Potts KG, Gamper AM, Godbout R, Evans DH, Hitt MM. Radiation-Induced Cellular Senescence Reduces Susceptibility of Glioblastoma Cells to Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3341. [PMID: 37444452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain cancer refractory to the current standard of care, prompting an extensive search for novel strategies to improve outcomes. One approach under investigation is oncolytic virus (OV) therapy in combination with radiotherapy. In addition to the direct cytocidal effects of radiotherapy, radiation induces cellular senescence in GBM cells. Senescent cells cease proliferation but remain viable and are implicated in promoting tumor progression. The interaction of viruses with senescent cells is nuanced; some viruses exploit the senescent state to their benefit, while others are hampered, indicating senescence-associated antiviral activity. It is unknown how radiation-induced cellular senescence may impact the oncolytic properties of OVs based on the vaccinia virus (VACV) that are used in combination with radiotherapy. To better understand this, we induced cellular senescence by treating GBM cells with radiation, and then evaluated the growth kinetics, infectivity, and cytotoxicity of an oncolytic VACV, ∆F4LΔJ2R, as well as wild-type VACV in irradiated senescence-enriched and non-irradiated human GBM cell lines. Our results show that both viruses display attenuated oncolytic activities in irradiated senescence-enriched GBM cell populations compared to non-irradiated controls. These findings indicate that radiation-induced cellular senescence is associated with antiviral activity and highlight important considerations for the combination of VACV-based oncolytic therapies with senescence-inducing agents such as radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Storozynsky
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Xuefei Han
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Shae Komant
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Kate C Agopsowicz
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Kyle G Potts
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Alberta Cellular Therapy and Immune Oncology (ACTION) Initiative, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Armin M Gamper
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - David H Evans
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Mary M Hitt
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta (CRINA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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24
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Webb MJ, Kottke T, Kendall BL, Swanson J, Uzendu C, Tonne J, Thompson J, Metko M, Moore M, Borad M, Roberts L, Diaz RM, Olin M, Borgatti A, Vile R. Trap and ambush therapy using sequential primary and tumor escape-selective oncolytic viruses. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 29:129-142. [PMID: 37313455 PMCID: PMC10258242 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple models of oncolytic virotherapy, it is common to see an early anti-tumor response followed by recurrence. We have previously shown that frontline treatment with oncolytic VSV-IFN-β induces APOBEC proteins, promoting the selection of specific mutations that allow tumor escape. Of these mutations in B16 melanoma escape (ESC) cells, a C-T point mutation in the cold shock domain-containing E1 (CSDE1) gene was present at the highest frequency, which could be used to ambush ESC cells by vaccination with the mutant CSDE1 expressed within the virus. Here, we show that the evolution of viral ESC tumor cells harboring the escape-promoting CSDE1C-T mutation can also be exploited by a virological ambush. By sequential delivery of two oncolytic VSVs in vivo, tumors which would otherwise escape VSV-IFN-β oncolytic virotherapy could be cured. This also facilitated the priming of anti-tumor T cell responses, which could be further exploited using immune checkpoint blockade with the CD200 activation receptor ligand (CD200AR-L) peptide. Our findings here are significant in that they offer the possibility to develop oncolytic viruses as highly specific, escape-targeting viro-immunotherapeutic agents to be used in conjunction with recurrence of tumors following multiple different types of frontline cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason J. Webb
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Timothy Kottke
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Jack Swanson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chisom Uzendu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jason Tonne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Muriel Metko
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Madelyn Moore
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mitesh Borad
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Lewis Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rosa M. Diaz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael Olin
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Clinical Investigation Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Richard Vile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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25
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Abdulal RH, Malki JS, Ghazal E, Alsaieedi AA, Almahboub SA, Khan MY, Alsulaiman RM, Ghaith MM, Abujamel TS, Ganash M, Mahmoud AB, Alkayyal AA, Hashem AM. Construction of VSVΔ51M oncolytic virus expressing human interleukin-12. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1190669. [PMID: 37255540 PMCID: PMC10225647 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1190669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) in combination with cytokines, such as IL-12, is a promising approach for cancer treatment that addresses the limitations of current standard treatments and traditional cancer immunotherapies. IL-12, a proinflammatory cytokine, triggers intracellular signaling pathways that lead to increased apoptosis of tumor cells and enhanced antitumor activity of immune cells via IFN-γ induction, making this cytokine a promising candidate for cancer therapy. Targeted expression of IL-12 within tumors has been shown to play a crucial role in tumor eradication. The recent development of oncolytic viruses enables targeted delivery and expression of IL-12 at the tumor site, thereby addressing the systemic toxicities associated with traditional cancer therapy. In this study, we constructed an oncolytic virus, VSVΔ51M, based on the commercially available VSV wild-type backbone and further modified it to express human IL-12. Our preclinical data confirmed the safety and limited toxicity of the modified virus, VSV-Δ51M-hIL-12, supporting its potential use for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rwaa H. Abdulal
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana S. Malki
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezdehar Ghazal
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahdab A. Alsaieedi
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A. Almahboub
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khan
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M. Alsulaiman
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M. Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki S. Abujamel
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdah Ganash
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohanad A. Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Hashem
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Zhu L, Lei Y, Huang J, An Y, Ren Y, Chen L, Zhao H, Zheng C. Recent advances in oncolytic virus therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1172292. [PMID: 37182136 PMCID: PMC10169724 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1172292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly refractory cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite the development of a detailed treatment strategy for HCC, the survival rate remains unsatisfactory. Oncolytic virus has been extensively researched as a new cancer therapeutic agent in the treatment of HCC. Researchers have designed a variety of recombinant viruses based on natural oncolytic diseases, which can increase the targeting of oncolytic viruses to HCC and their survival in tumors, as well as kill tumor cells and inhibit the growth of HCC through a variety of mechanisms. The overall efficacy of oncolytic virus therapy is known to be influenced by anti-tumor immunity, toxic killing effect and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, etc. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the multiple oncolytic mechanisms of oncolytic viruses in HCC has been conducted. So far, a large number of relevant clinical trials are under way or have been completed, and some encouraging results have been obtained. Studies have shown that oncolytic virus combined with other HCC therapies may be a feasible method, including local therapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy. In addition, different delivery routes for oncolytic viruses have been studied so far. These studies make oncolytic virus a new and attractive drug for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahang An
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanqiao Ren
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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27
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Boulton S, Crupi MJF, Singh S, Carter-Timofte ME, Azad T, Organ BC, He X, Gill R, Neault S, Jamieson T, Dave J, Kurmasheva N, Austin B, Petryk J, Singaravelu R, Huang BZ, Franco N, Babu K, Parks RJ, Ilkow CS, Olagnier D, Bell JC. Inhibition of Exchange Proteins Directly Activated by cAMP (EPAC) as a Strategy for Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Development. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104749. [PMID: 37100284 PMCID: PMC10124099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent SARS-CoV-2 and mpox outbreaks have highlighted the need to expand our arsenal of broad-spectrum antiviral agents for future pandemic preparedness. Host-directed antivirals are an important tool to accomplish this as they typically offer protection against a broader range of viruses than direct-acting antivirals and have a lower susceptibility to viral mutations that cause drug resistance. In this study, we investigate the Exchange Protein Activated by cAMP (EPAC) as a target for broad-spectrum antiviral therapy. We find that the EPAC-selective inhibitor, ESI-09 provides robust protection against a variety of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and Vaccinia (VACV) - an orthopoxvirus from the same family as mpox. We show, using a series of immunofluorescence experiments, that ESI-09 remodels the actin cytoskeleton through Rac1/Cdc42 GTPases and the Arp2/3 complex, impairing internalization of viruses that use clathrin-mediated endocytosis (e.g. VSV) or micropinocytosis (e.g. VACV). Additionally, we find that ESI-09 disrupts syncytia formation and inhibits cell-to-cell transmission of viruses such as measles and VACV. When administered to immune-deficient mice in an intranasal challenge model, ESI-09 protects mice from lethal doses of VACV and prevents formation of pox lesions. Altogether, our finding show that EPAC antagonists such as ESI-09 are promising candidates for broad-spectrum antiviral therapy that can aid in the fight against ongoing and future viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Mathieu J F Crupi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | | | - Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of microbiology and infectious diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Bailey C Organ
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Xiaohong He
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rida Gill
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Serge Neault
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Taylor Jamieson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jaahnavi Dave
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Naziia Kurmasheva
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Bradley Austin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Ben Zhen Huang
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Noah Franco
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Kaaviya Babu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Robin J Parks
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Carolina S Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - David Olagnier
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - John C Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Moglan AM, Albaradie OA, Alsayegh FF, Alharbi HM, Samman YM, Jalal MM, Saeedi NH, Mahmoud AB, Alkayyal AA. Preclinical efficacy of oncolytic VSV-IFNβ in treating cancer: A systematic review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1085940. [PMID: 37063914 PMCID: PMC10104167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1085940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCancer incidence and mortality are increasing rapidly worldwide, necessitating further investigation into developing and optimizing emergent cancer therapies. Oncolytic viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus encoding interferon β (VSV-IFNβ) have attracted considerable attention, as they offer great efficacy and safety profiles. This systematic review aimed to determine and compare the efficacy profile between VSV-IFNβ and non-treatment controls in preclinical cancer models.MethodologyThe Embase and Medline databases were systematically searched for relevant studies using related key terms and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened, and data from eligible articles were extracted by two groups independently and in duplicate (two reviewers per group). Disagreements were resolved by a fifth independent reviewer. The included articles were all preclinical (translational) in vivo English studies that investigated and compared the efficacy profile between VSV-IFNβ and non-treatment controls in animal models. The risk of bias among the studies was assessed by two reviewers independently and in duplicate using SYRCLE’s risk-of-bias tool for animal studies; disparities were addressed by a third independent reviewer.ResultsAfter employing relevant MeSH and key terms, we identified 1598 articles. A total of 87 articles were either duplicates or conference proceedings and were thus excluded. Following title and abstract screening, 37 articles were included in the full-text assessment. Finally, 14 studies met the eligibility criteria. Forty-two experiments from the included studies examined the potential efficacy of VSV-IFNβ through different routes of administration, including intratumoral, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Thirty-seven experiments reported positive outcomes. Meanwhile, five experiments reported negative outcomes, three and two of which examined intratumoral and intravenous VSV-IFNβ administration, respectively.ConclusionAlthough the majority of the included studies support the promising potential of VSV-IFNβ as an oncolytic virus, further research is necessary to ensure a safe and efficacious profile to translate its application into clinical trials.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022335418.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Molham Moglan
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A. Albaradie
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares Fayez Alsayegh
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Mohsen Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Marwan Samman
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar H. Saeedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, ; Almohanad A. Alkayyal,
| | - Almohanad A. Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, ; Almohanad A. Alkayyal,
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Surendran A, Jamalkhah M, Poutou J, Birtch R, Lawson C, Dave J, Crupi MJF, Mayer J, Taylor V, Petryk J, de Souza CT, Moodie N, Billingsley JL, Austin B, Cormack N, Blamey N, Rezaei R, McCloskey CW, Fekete EEF, Birdi HK, Neault S, Jamieson TR, Wylie B, Tucker S, Azad T, Vanderhyden B, Tai LH, Bell JC, Ilkow CS. Fatty acid transport protein inhibition sensitizes breast and ovarian cancers to oncolytic virus therapy via lipid modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099459. [PMID: 36969187 PMCID: PMC10036842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAdipocytes in the tumour microenvironment are highly dynamic cells that have an established role in tumour progression, but their impact on anti-cancer therapy resistance is becoming increasingly difficult to overlook.MethodsWe investigated the role of adipose tissue and adipocytes in response to oncolytic virus (OV) therapy in adipose-rich tumours such as breast and ovarian neoplasms.ResultsWe show that secreted products in adipocyte-conditioned medium significantly impairs productive virus infection and OV-driven cell death. This effect was not due to the direct neutralization of virions or inhibition of OV entry into host cells. Instead, further investigation of adipocyte secreted factors demonstrated that adipocyte-mediated OV resistance is primarily a lipid-driven phenomenon. When lipid moieties are depleted from the adipocyte-conditioned medium, cancer cells are re-sensitized to OV-mediated destruction. We further demonstrated that blocking fatty acid uptake by cancer cells, in a combinatorial strategy with virotherapy, has clinical translational potential to overcome adipocyte-mediated OV resistance.DiscussionOur findings indicate that while adipocyte secreted factors can impede OV infection, the impairment of OV treatment efficacy can be overcome by modulating lipid flux in the tumour milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abera Surendran
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Monire Jamalkhah
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rayanna Birtch
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Lawson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jaahnavi Dave
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mathieu J. F. Crupi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Mayer
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Taylor
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Neil Moodie
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Bradley Austin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Cormack
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Natalie Blamey
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Curtis W. McCloskey
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Emily E. F. Fekete
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Harsimrat K. Birdi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Serge Neault
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Taylor R. Jamieson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brenna Wylie
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Tucker
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara Vanderhyden
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lee-Hwa Tai
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Carolina S. Ilkow,
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Liu J, Hu YY, Zhang QY, Zhang YN, Li N, Zhang ZR, Zhan SL, Gao L, Deng CL, Li XD, Yuan SP, He YQ, Ye HQ, Zhang B. Attenuated WNV-poly(A) exerts a broad-spectrum oncolytic effect by selective virus replication and CD8+ T cell-dependent immune response. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114094. [PMID: 36502755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As an emerging tumor therapy, ideal oncolytic viruses preferentially replicate in malignant cells, reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and eventually can be eliminated by the patient. It is of great significance for cancer treatment to discover new excellent oncolytic viruses. Here, we found that WNV live attenuated vaccine WNV-poly(A) could be developed as a novel ideal oncolytic agent against several types of cancers. Mechanistically, due to its high sensitivity to type Ι interferon (IFN-Ι), WNV-poly(A) could specifically kill tumor cells rather than normal cells. At the same time, WNV-poly(A) could activate Dendritic cells (DCs) and trigger tumor antigen specific response mediated by CD8 + T cell, which contributed to inhibit the propagation of original and distal tumor cells. Like intratumoral injection, intravenous injection with WNV-poly(A) also markedly delays Huh7 hepatic carcinoma (HCC) transplanted tumor progression. Most importantly, in addition to an array of mouse xenograft tumor models, WNV-poly(A) also has a significant inhibitory effect on many different types of patient-derived tumor tissues and HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models. Our studies reveal that WNV-poly(A) is a potent and excellent oncolytic agent against many types of tumors and may have a role in metastatic and recurrent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe-Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Li Zhan
- Beijing Shunlei Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Beijing Shunlei Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Yuan-Qiao He
- Center of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Han-Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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31
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Villamayor L, Rivero V, López-García D, Topham DJ, Martínez-Sobrido L, Nogales A, DeDiego ML. Interferon alpha inducible protein 6 is a negative regulator of innate immune responses by modulating RIG-I activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105309. [PMID: 36793726 PMCID: PMC9923010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and inflammatory cytokines mediate innate immune responses, and are essential to establish an antiviral response. Within the innate immune responses, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a key sensor of virus infections, mediating the transcriptional induction of IFNs and inflammatory proteins. Nevertheless, since excessive responses could be detrimental to the host, these responses need to be tightly regulated. In this work, we describe, for the first time, how knocking-down or knocking-out the expression of IFN alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) increases IFN, ISG, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression after the infections with Influenza A Virus (IAV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Sendai Virus (SeV), or poly(I:C) transfection. We also show how overexpression of IFI6 produces the opposite effect, in vitro and in vivo, indicating that IFI6 negatively modulates the induction of innate immune responses. Knocking-out or knocking-down the expression of IFI6 diminishes the production of infectious IAV and SARS-CoV-2, most likely because of its effect on antiviral responses. Importantly, we report a novel interaction of IFI6 with RIG-I, most likely mediated through binding to RNA, that affects RIG-I activation, providing a molecular mechanism for the effect of IFI6 on negatively regulating innate immunity. Remarkably, these new functions of IFI6 could be targeted to treat diseases associated with an exacerbated induction of innate immune responses and to combat viral infections, such as IAV and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villamayor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Rivero
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David J. Topham
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention and Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Center for Animal Health Research, CISA-INIA-CSIC, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta L. DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Marta L. DeDiego,
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32
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Villamayor L, López-García D, Rivero V, Martínez-Sobrido L, Nogales A, DeDiego ML. The IFN-stimulated gene IFI27 counteracts innate immune responses after viral infections by interfering with RIG-I signaling. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1176177. [PMID: 37187533 PMCID: PMC10175689 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1176177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition of viral nucleic acids by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is critical for initiating innate immune responses against viral infections. These innate immune responses are mediated by the induction of interferons (IFNs), IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, regulatory mechanisms are critical to avoid excessive or long-lasting innate immune responses that may cause detrimental hyperinflammation. Here, we identified a novel regulatory function of the ISG, IFN alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27) in counteracting the innate immune responses triggered by cytoplasmic RNA recognition and binding. Our model systems included three unrelated viral infections caused by Influenza A virus (IAV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Sendai virus (SeV), and transfection with an analog of double-stranded (ds) RNA. Furthermore, we found that IFI27 has a positive effect on IAV and SARS-CoV-2 replication, most likely due to its ability to counteract host-induced antiviral responses, including in vivo. We also show that IFI27 interacts with nucleic acids and PRR retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), being the interaction of IFI27 with RIG-I most likely mediated through RNA binding. Interestingly, our results indicate that interaction of IFI27 with RIG-I impairs RIG-I activation, providing a molecular mechanism for the effect of IFI27 on modulating innate immune responses. Our study identifies a molecular mechanism that may explain the effect of IFI27 in counterbalancing innate immune responses to RNA viral infections and preventing excessive innate immune responses. Therefore, this study will have important implications in drug design to control viral infections and viral-induced pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villamayor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Rivero
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aitor Nogales
- Center for Animal Health Research, CISA-INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta L. DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Marta L. DeDiego,
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Muscolini M, Hiscott J, Tassone E. A Genome-Wide CRISPR-Cas9 Loss-of-Function Screening to Identify Host Restriction Factors Modulating Oncolytic Virotherapy. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2589:379-399. [PMID: 36255638 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2788-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy represents an efficient immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) promote antitumor responses through tumor-selective cell lysis and immune system activation. However, some tumor cell lines and primary tumors display resistance to therapy. Here we describe a protocol to identify novel host factors responsible for tumor resistance to oncolysis using an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screening. Cas9-expressing tumor cells are transduced with a library of pooled single-guide RNA (sgRNA)-expressing lentiviruses that target all human genes to obtain a cell population where each cell is knocked out for a single gene. Upon OV infection, resistant cells survive, while sensitive cells die. The relative abundance of each genome-integrated sgRNA is measured by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in resistant and control cells. This protocol is amenable to uncover host factors involved in the resistance to different OVs in multiple tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Hiscott
- Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelyne Tassone
- Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
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34
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Fang C, Xiao G, Wang T, Song L, Peng B, Xu B, Zhang K. Emerging Nano-/Biotechnology Drives Oncolytic Virus-Activated and Combined Cancer Immunotherapy. RESEARCH 2023; 6:0108. [PMID: 37040283 PMCID: PMC10079287 DOI: 10.34133/research.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) as one promising antitumor methods have made important contributions to tumor immunotherapy, which arouse increasing attention. They provide the dual mechanisms including direct killing effect toward tumor cells and immune activation for elevating antitumor responses, which have been proved in many preclinical studies. Especially, natural or genetically modified viruses as clinical immune preparations have emerged as a new promising approach objective to oncology treatment. The approval of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the therapy of advanced melanoma could be considered as a milestone achievement in the clinical translation of OV. In this review, we first discussed the antitumor mechanisms of OVs with an emphasis on targeting, replication, and propagation. We further outlined the state of the art of current OVs in tumor and underlined the activated biological effects especially including immunity. More significantly, the enhanced immune responses based on OVs were systematically discussed from different perspectives such as combination with immunotherapy, genetic engineering of OVs, integration with nanobiotechnology or nanoparticles, and antiviral response counteraction, where their principles were shed light on. The development of OVs in the clinics was also highlighted to analyze the actuality and concerns of different OV applications in clinical trials. At last, the future perspectives and challenges of OVs as an already widely accepted treatment means were discussed. This review will provide a systematic review and deep insight into OV development and also offer new opportunities and guidance pathways to drive the further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine,
Tongji University, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Gaozhe Xiao
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics,
Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Taixia Wang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine,
Tongji University, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Li Song
- Central Laboratory and Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine,
Tongji University, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Central Laboratory and Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine,
Tongji University, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine,
Tongji University, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai 200072, China
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics,
Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Alkayyal AA, Ajina R, Cacciabue M, Alkayyal AA, Saeedi NH, Hussain Alshehry T, Kaboha F, Alotaibi MA, Zaidan N, Shah K, Alroqi F, Bakur Mahmoud A. SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein enhances the oncolytic activity of the vesicular stomatitis virus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1082191. [PMID: 36798114 PMCID: PMC9927213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1082191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the research on oncolytic viruses (OVs), a better understanding of how to enhance their replication is key to improving their therapeutic index. Understanding viral replication is important to improve treatment outcomes based on enhanced viral spreading within the tumor milieu. The VSV-Δ51 oncolytic virus has been widely used as an anticancer agent with a high selectivity profile. In this study, we examined the role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) in enhancing VSV-Δ51 viral production and oncolytic activity. To test this hypothesis, we first generated a novel VSV-Δ51 mutant that encoded the SARS-COV-2 RBD and compared viral spreading and viral yield between VSV-Δ51-RBD and VSV-Δ51 in vitro. Using the viral plaque assay, we demonstrated that the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD in the VSV-Δ51 genome is associated with a significantly larger viral plaque surface area and significantly higher virus titers. Subsequently, using an ATP release-based assay, we demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 RBD could enhance VSV-Δ51 oncolytic activity in vitro. This observation was further supported using the B16F10 tumor model. These findings highlighted a novel use of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almohanad A Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Ajina
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Cacciabue
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aaesha A Alkayyal
- College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar H Saeedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taofik Hussain Alshehry
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Kaboha
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alotaibi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Zaidan
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology-Brigham and Women's Hospital (KACST-BWH) Centre of Excellence for Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Shah
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Immunology, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.,Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.,Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Repeated dosing improves oncolytic rhabdovirus therapy in mice via interactions with intravascular monocytes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1385. [PMID: 36536097 PMCID: PMC9761050 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is debate in the field of oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, whether a single viral dose, or multiple administrations, is better for tumor control. Using intravital microscopy, we describe the fate of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) delivered systemically as a first or a second dose. Following primary administration, VSV binds to the endothelium, initiates tumor infection and activates a proinflammatory response. This initial OV dose induces neutrophil migration into the tumor and limits viral replication. OV administered as a second dose fails to infect the tumor and is captured by intravascular monocytes. Despite a lack of direct infection, this second viral dose, in a monocyte-dependent fashion, enhances and sustains infection by the first viral dose, promotes CD8 T cell recruitment, delays tumor growth and improves survival in multi-dosing OV therapy. Thus, repeated VSV dosing engages monocytes to post-condition the tumor microenvironment for improved infection and anticancer T cell responses. Understanding the complex interactions between the subsequent viral doses is crucial for improving the efficiency of OV therapy and virus-based vaccines.
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The Porcine Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-STING Pathway Exerts an Unusual Antiviral Function Independent of Interferon and Autophagy. J Virol 2022; 96:e0147622. [PMID: 36377876 PMCID: PMC9749457 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01476-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon (IFN) gene (STING) pathway exerts strong antiviral activity through downstream IFN production; however, it has been recently recognized that an IFN-independent activity of STING also plays an important role in antiviral functions. Nevertheless, the IFN-independent antiviral activity of STING is not fully understood. Here, we showed that porcine STING (pSTING) played a critical role against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infections, and IFN-defective mutants, including pSTING pLxIS sub, S365A, and △CTT, all exhibited similar antiviral functions, compared to wild-type (WT) pSTING. Furthermore, all of these IFN-defective pSTING mutants possessed comparable autophagy activity, relative to WT pSTING, as expected. From pSTING WT, S365A, and △CTT, the residues responsible for autophagy, including L333A/R334A, Y167A/L170A, and Y245A/L248A, were mutated. Surprisingly, all of these autophagy-defective pSTING mutants still resisted the two viral infections, demonstrating that the pSTING antiviral function is independent of IFN as well as autophagy. On the other hand, all of the autophagy-defective pSTING mutants triggered cell apoptosis, which was associated with and participated in the antiviral functions. Additionally, pSTING lost its antiviral activity in TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-/- and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)-/- porcine macrophages, indicating the involvement of TBK1 and IRF3 in other STING activities such as apoptosis. Collectively, our results revealed that STING exerts both IFN- and autophagy-independent antiviral activity, and they also suggested that STING-triggered cell apoptosis resists viral infections. IMPORTANCE The IFN-independent antiviral function of the cGAS-STING pathway has attracted great attention in recent years; however, the nature of this IFN-independent antiviral function is unknown, although STING-induced autophagy has been shown to mediate the STING antiviral activity. First, we analyzed the antiviral activity through the porcine cGAS-pSTING pathway and established that pSTING signaling exerts an IFN-independent antiviral function. Second, we found that pSTING-induced IFN-independent autophagy and the antiviral activity of pSTING are independent of both IFN and autophagy. Finally, pSTING signaling activates cell apoptosis independently of IFN and autophagy, and the apoptosis is associated with antiviral activity. Our results suggest that pSTING-activated apoptosis at least partially mediates the antiviral activity or multiple pSTING-activated signals, including IFN production, nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) expression, autophagy, and apoptosis, exert a redundant antiviral role. Thus, the work reveals a new layer of complexity in STING antiviral activity.
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Larrieux A, Sanjuán R. Cellular resistance to an oncolytic virus is driven by chronic activation of innate immunity. iScience 2022; 26:105749. [PMID: 36590165 PMCID: PMC9794979 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of cellular resistances to oncolytic viruses is an underexplored process that could compromise the efficacy of cancer virotherapy. Here, we isolated and characterized B16 mouse melanoma cells that evolved resistance to an oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-D51). RNA-seq revealed that resistance was associated to broad changes in gene expression, which typically involved chronic upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes. Innate immunity activation was maintained in the absence of the virus or other infection signals, and conferred cross-resistance to wild-type VSV and the unrelated Sindbis virus. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed genes with no obvious role in antiviral immunity, such as Mnda, Psmb8 and Btn2a2, suggesting novel functions for these genes. Transcriptomic changes associated to VSV resistance were similar among B16 clones and in some clones derived from the mouse colon carcinoma cell line CT26, suggesting that oncolytic virus resistance involves certain conserved mechanisms and is therefore a potentially predictable process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Larrieux
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, València 46980, Spain
| | - Rafael Sanjuán
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, València 46980, Spain,Corresponding author
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Hu H, Xia Q, Hu J, Wang S. Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236997. [PMID: 36498574 PMCID: PMC9738443 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. Despite recent advancements in bladder cancer therapy, new strategies are still required for improving patient outcomes, particularly for those who experienced Bacille Calmette-Guerin failure and those with locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer. Oncolytic viruses are either naturally occurring or purposefully engineered viruses that have the ability to selectively infect and lyse tumor cells while avoiding harming healthy cells. In light of this, oncolytic viruses serve as a novel and promising immunotherapeutic strategy for bladder cancer. A wide diversity of viruses, including adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus, coxsackievirus, Newcastle disease virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, alphavirus, and vaccinia virus, have been studied in many preclinical and clinical studies for their potential as oncolytic agents for bladder cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the advances in oncolytic viruses for the treatment of bladder cancer and highlights the challenges and research directions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia Hu
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (S.W.)
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40
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Després GD, Ngo K, Lemay G. The μ2 and λ1 Proteins of Mammalian Reovirus Modulate Early Events Leading to Induction of the Interferon Signaling Network. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122638. [PMID: 36560642 PMCID: PMC9780918 DOI: 10.3390/v14122638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously shown that amino acid polymorphisms in reovirus proteins μ2 and λ1 are associated with differing levels of interferon induction. In the present study, viruses carrying these polymorphisms in either or both proteins, were further studied. The two viral determinants exert a synergistic effect on the control of β-interferon induction at the protein and mRNA level, with a concomitant increase in RIG-I. In contrast, levels of phospho-Stat1 and interferon-stimulated genes are increased in singly substituted viruses but with no further increase when both substitutions were present. This suggests that the viral determinants are acting during initial events of viral recognition. Accordingly, difference between viruses was reduced when infection was performed with partially uncoated virions (ISVPs) and transfection of RNA recovered from early-infected cells recapitulates the differences between viruses harboring the different polymorphisms. Altogether, the data are consistent with a redundant or complementary role of μ2 and λ1, affecting either early disassembly or the nature of the viral RNA in the incoming viral particle. Proteins involved in viral RNA synthesis are thus involved in this likely critical aspect of the ability of different reovirus variants to infect various cell types, and to discriminate between parental and transformed/cancer cells.
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Onisiforou A, Spyrou GM. Systems Bioinformatics Reveals Possible Relationship between COVID-19 and the Development of Neurological Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102270. [PMID: 36298824 PMCID: PMC9611753 DOI: 10.3390/v14102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased incidence of neurological diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders after infection, but how it contributes to their development remains under investigation. Here, we investigate the possible relationship between COVID-19 and the development of ten neurological disorders and three neuropsychiatric disorders by exploring two pathological mechanisms: (i) dysregulation of host biological processes via virus-host protein-protein interactions (PPIs), and (ii) autoreactivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epitopes with host "self" proteins via molecular mimicry. We also identify potential genetic risk factors which in combination with SARS-CoV-2 infection might lead to disease development. Our analysis indicated that neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have a higher number of disease-associated biological processes that can be modulated by SARS-CoV-2 via virus-host PPIs than neuropsychiatric disorders. The sequence similarity analysis indicated the presence of several matching 5-mer and/or 6-mer linear motifs between SARS-CoV-2 epitopes with autoreactive epitopes found in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Myasthenia Gravis (MG) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The results include autoreactive epitopes that recognize amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), acetylcholine receptors, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light polypeptide (NfL) and major myelin proteins. Altogether, our results suggest that there might be an increased risk for the development of NDs after COVID-19 both via autoreactivity and virus-host PPIs.
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42
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Zhou K, Si Z, Ge P, Tsao J, Luo M, Zhou ZH. Atomic model of vesicular stomatitis virus and mechanism of assembly. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5980. [PMID: 36216930 PMCID: PMC9549855 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Like other negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs) such as influenza and rabies, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has a three-layered organization: a layer of matrix protein (M) resides between the glycoprotein (G)-studded membrane envelope and the nucleocapsid, which is composed of the nucleocapsid protein (N) and the encapsidated genomic RNA. Lack of in situ atomic structures of these viral components has limited mechanistic understanding of assembling the bullet-shaped virion. Here, by cryoEM and sub-particle reconstruction, we have determined the in situ structures of M and N inside VSV at 3.47 Å resolution. In the virion, N and M sites have a stoichiometry of 1:2. The in situ structures of both N and M differ from their crystal structures in their N-terminal segments and oligomerization loops. N-RNA, N-N, and N-M-M interactions govern the formation of the capsid. A double layer of M contributes to packaging of the helical nucleocapsid: the inner M (IM) joins neighboring turns of the N helix, while the outer M (OM) contacts G and the membrane envelope. The pseudo-crystalline organization of G is further mapped by cryoET. The mechanism of VSV assembly is delineated by the network interactions of these viral components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Si
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Peng Ge
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jun Tsao
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, 35294, USA
| | - Ming Luo
- The Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Z Hong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Therapeutic Efficacy of Oncolytic Viruses in Fighting Cancer: Recent Advances and Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3142306. [PMID: 35910836 PMCID: PMC9337963 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3142306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is at the cutting edge of modern cancer treatment. Innovative medicines have been developed with varying degrees of success that target all aspects of tumor biology: tumors, niches, and the immune system. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a novel and potentially immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment. OVs reproduce exclusively in cancer cells, causing the tumor mass to lyse. OVs can also activate the immune system in addition to their primary activity. Tumors create an immunosuppressive environment by suppressing the immune system’s ability to respond to tumor cells. By injecting OVs into the tumor, the immune system is stimulated, allowing it to generate a robust and long-lasting response against the tumor. The essential biological properties of oncolytic viruses, as well as the underlying mechanisms that enable their usage as prospective anticancer medicines, are outlined in this review. We also discuss the increased efficacy of virotherapy when combined with other cancer medications.
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44
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Lauer UM, Beil J. Oncolytic viruses: challenges and considerations in an evolving clinical landscape. Future Oncol 2022; 18:2713-2732. [PMID: 35818970 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Although treatment strategies are continually progressing, cancers have evolved many mechanisms for evading therapies and the host immune system. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) could provide a much-needed option for cancers that are resistant to existing treatments. OVs can be engineered to specifically target and kill cancer cells, while simultaneously triggering an immune response at the site of infection. This review will focus on the challenges of developing a successful OV and translation to clinical practice, discussing the innovative strategies that are being used to optimize the potential of OVs. Here, we will also explore the current clinical landscape and the prospects of OVs in early clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich M Lauer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Virotherapy Center Tübingen, Medical Oncology & Pneumology, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 10, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Tübingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 10, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Julia Beil
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Virotherapy Center Tübingen, Medical Oncology & Pneumology, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 10, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Tübingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 10, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
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Guo D, Xiao J, Liang J, Fan J, Hou P, Li X, Zhang H, Li K, Bu L, Li P, He M, Zhong Y, Guo L, Jia P, Xiao Q, Wu J, Peng H, Li C, Xing F. CDK4/6 inhibition enhances oncolytic virus efficacy by potentiating tumor-selective cell killing and T cell activation in refractory glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3359-3374. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most aggressive human cancers. Although oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has been proposed as a potential approach to treat GBM, it frequently fails because GBM cells are usually nonpermissive to OV. Here, we describe a dual-step drug screen for identifying chemical enhancers of oncolytic virus in GBM. From a high-throughput screen of 1416 FDA-approved drugs, an inhibitor of CDK4/6 was identified as the top enhancer, selectively increasing potency of two OV strains, VSVΔ51 and Zika virus. Mechanistically, CDK4/6 inhibition promoted autophagic degradation of MAVS, resulting in impaired antiviral responses and enhanced tumor-selective replication of VSVΔ51 in vitro and in vivo. CDK4/6 inhibition cooperated with VSVΔ51 to induce severe DNA damage stress and amplify oncolysis. In GBM xenograft models, combined treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitor and VSVΔ51 significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Further investigation revealed that CDK4/6 inhibitor and VSVΔ51 synergistically induced immunogenic cell death and boosted anti-tumor immunity. Together, this study features a promising approach of treating aggressive GBM through the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitor with OV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyin Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Junjie Fan
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Hou
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, United States
| | | | - Kai Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Lang Bu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, guangdong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao He
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Liping Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Junyu Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Xing
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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46
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Solomon PE, Kirkemo LL, Wilson GM, Leung KK, Almond MH, Sayles LC, Sweet-Cordero EA, Rosenberg OS, Coon JJ, Wells JA. Discovery Proteomics Analysis Determines That Driver Oncogenes Suppress Antiviral Defense Pathways Through Reduction in Interferon-β Autocrine Stimulation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100247. [PMID: 35594991 PMCID: PMC9212846 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of oncogenes, there has been tremendous interest to understand their mechanistic basis and to develop broadly actionable therapeutics. Some of the most frequently activated oncogenes driving diverse cancers are c-MYC, EGFR, HER2, AKT, KRAS, BRAF, and MEK. Using a reductionist approach, we explored how cellular proteomes are remodeled in isogenic cell lines engineered with or without these driver oncogenes. The most striking discovery for all oncogenic models was the systematic downregulation of scores of antiviral proteins regulated by type 1 interferon. These findings extended to cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models of highly refractory pancreatic cancer and osteosarcoma driven by KRAS and MYC oncogenes. The oncogenes reduced basal expression of and autocrine stimulation by type 1 interferon causing remarkable convergence on common phenotypic and functional profiles. In particular, there was dramatically lower expression of dsRNA sensors including DDX58 (RIG-I) and OAS proteins, which resulted in attenuated functional responses when the oncogenic cells were treated with the dsRNA mimetic, polyI:C, and increased susceptibility to infection with an RNA virus shown using SARS-CoV-2. Our reductionist approach provides molecular and functional insights connected to immune evasion hallmarks in cancers and suggests therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E Solomon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lisa L Kirkemo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Gary M Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kevin K Leung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark H Almond
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Leanne C Sayles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Oren S Rosenberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Dependency of EGFR activation in vanadium-based sensitization to oncolytic virotherapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 25:146-159. [PMID: 35572196 PMCID: PMC9065483 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is a clinically validated approach to treat cancers such as melanoma; however, tumor resistance to virus makes its efficacy variable. Compounds such as sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) can overcome viral resistance and synergize with RNA-based oncolytic viruses. In this study, we explored the basis of vanadate mode of action and identified key cellular components in vanadate’s oncolytic virus-enhancing mechanism using a high-throughput kinase inhibitor screen. We found that several kinase inhibitors affecting signaling downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway abrogated the oncolytic virus-enhancing effects of vanadate. EGFR pathway inhibitors such as gefitinib negated vanadate-associated changes in the phosphorylation and localization of STAT1/2 as well as NF-κB signaling. Moreover, gefitinib treatment could abrogate the viral sensitizing response of vanadium compounds in vivo. Together, we demonstrate that EGFR signaling plays an integral role in vanadium viral sensitization and that pharmacological EGFR blockade can counteract vanadium/oncolytic virus combination therapy.
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48
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El-Sayes N, Walsh S, Vito A, Reihani A, Ask K, Wan Y, Mossman K. IFNAR blockade synergizes with oncolytic VSV to prevent virus-mediated PD-L1 expression and promote antitumor T cell activity. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 25:16-30. [PMID: 35399605 PMCID: PMC8971726 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapies have shown excellent promise in a variety of cancers by promoting antitumor immunity. However, the effects of oncolytic virus-mediated type I interferon (IFN-I) production on antitumor immunity remain unclear. Recent reports have highlighted immunosuppressive functions of IFN-I in the context of checkpoint inhibitor and cell-based therapies. In this study, we demonstrate that oncolytic virus-induced IFN-I promotes the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells and leukocytes in a IFN receptor (IFNAR)-dependent manner. Inhibition of IFN-I signaling using a monoclonal IFNAR antibody decreased IFN-I-induced PD-L1 expression and promoted tumor-specific T cell effector responses when combined with oncolytic virotherapy. Furthermore, IFNAR blockade improved therapeutic response to oncolytic virotherapy in a manner comparable with PD-L1 blockade. Our study highlights a critical immunosuppressive role of IFN-I on antitumor immunity and uses a combination strategy that improves the response to oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader El-Sayes
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Walsh
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alyssa Vito
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amir Reihani
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kjetil Ask
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author. Karen Mossman, Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5026, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Porosnicu M, Quinson AM, Crossley K, Luecke S, Lauer UM. Phase I study of VSV-GP (BI 1831169) as monotherapy or combined with ezabenlimab in advanced and refractory solid tumors. Future Oncol 2022; 18:2627-2638. [PMID: 35699077 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced, recurrent or metastatic cancer have poor prognosis despite treatment advancements. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-GP (BI 1831169) is a chimeric VSV with its neurotropic glycoprotein G replaced by the non-neurotropic glycoprotein (GP) of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. This live, recombinant oncolytic virus has demonstrated preclinical efficacy as a viral-based immunotherapy due to its interferon-dependent tumor specificity, potent oncolysis and stimulation of antitumor immune activity. Co-administration of the immune checkpoint inhibitor, ezabenlimab (BI 754091), alongside VSV-GP may synergistically enhance antitumor immune activity. Here, we describe the rationale and design of the first-in-human, phase I, dose-escalation study of VSV-GP alone and in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitor ezabenlimab in patients with advanced, metastatic or relapsed and refractory solid tumors (NCT05155332).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Porosnicu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology & Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | | | - Stephan Luecke
- Biostatistics + Data Science Corp., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Lauer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Medical Oncology & Pneumology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), member of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tübingen, Germany
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Wang S, Wei J. Distinguishing the Pros and Cons of Metabolic Reprogramming in Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1654-1662. [PMID: 35633046 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a class of cancer immunotherapies that rely on hijacking the host cell factory for replicative oncolysis and eliciting immune responses for tumor clearance. An increasing evidence suggests that the metabolic state of tumor cells and immune cells is a putative determinant of the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, how therapeutic intervention with OVs affects metabolic fluxes within the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood. Herein, we review the complexities of metabolic reprogramming involving the effects of viruses and their consequences on tumor cells and immune cells. We highlight the inherent drawback of oncolytic virotherapy, namely that treatment with OVs inevitably further exacerbates the depletion of nutrients and the accumulation of metabolic wastes in the TME, leading to a metabolic barrier to antitumor immune responses. We also describe targeted metabolic strategies that can be used to unlock the therapeutic potential of OVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiwu Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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