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Shahid M, Schäferhoff M, Brown G, Yamey G. How feasible is it to mobilize $31 billion a year for pandemic preparedness and response? An economic growth modelling analysis. Global Health 2024; 20:54. [PMID: 39030585 PMCID: PMC11264850 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-024-01058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 has reinforced health and economic cases for investing in pandemic preparedness and response (PPR). The World Bank and World Health Organization (WHO) propose that low- and middle-income governments and donor countries should invest $31.1 billion each year for PPR. We analyse, based on the projected economic growth of countries between 2022 and 2027, how likely it is that low- and middle-income country governments and donors can mobilize the estimated funding. METHODS We modelled trends in economic growth to project domestic health spending by low- and middle-income governments and official development assistance (ODA) by donors for years 2022 to 2027. We modelled two scenarios for countries and donors - a constant and an optimistic scenario. Under the constant scenario we assume that countries and donors continue to dedicate the same proportion of their health spending and ODA as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national income (GNI), respectively, as they did during baseline (the latest year for which data are available). In the optimistic scenario, we assume a yearly increase of 2.5% in health spending as a share of GDP for countries and ODA as a share of GNI for donors. FINDINGS Our analysis shows that low-income countries would need to invest on average 37%, lower-middle income countries 9%, and upper-middle income countries 1%, of their total health spending on PPR each year under the constant scenario to meet the World Bank WHO targets. Donors would need to allocate on average 8% of their total ODA across all sectors to PPR each year to meet their target. CONCLUSIONS The World Bank WHO targets for PPR will not be met unless low- and middle-income governments and donors spend a much higher share of their funding on PPR. Even under optimistic growth scenarios, low-income and lower-middle income countries will require increased support from global health donors. The donor target cannot be met using the yearly increase in ODA under any scenario. If the country and donor targets are not met, the highest-impact health security measures need to be prioritized for funding. Alternative sources of PPR financing could include global taxation (e.g., on financial transactions, carbon, or airline flights), cancelling debt, and addressing illicit financial flows. There is also a need for continued work on estimating current PPR costs and funding requirements in order to arrive at more enduring and reliable estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minahil Shahid
- Center for Policy Impact in Global Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | | | - Garrett Brown
- School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gavin Yamey
- Center for Policy Impact in Global Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Sanni AO, Jibril AH, Fasanmi OG, Adebowale OO, Jambalang AR, Shittu A, Jonker A, Abdulkarim LO, Fasina FO. Non-typhoidal Salmonella in Nigeria: do outcomes of 'multisectoral' surveillance, treatment and control justify the intervention costs? Int J Vet Sci Med 2024; 12:48-59. [PMID: 39010895 PMCID: PMC11249158 DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2024.2365567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is significant and an economic burden in Nigeria. To determine whether investment in NTS control is economically justifiable, Outbreak Costing Tool (OCT) was used to estimate the robust funding of public and animal health systems for epidemio-surveillance and control of multisectoral NTS outbreaks in Nigeria. Health, production, and economic data were collected and used to populate the tool for evaluation. The multisectoral NTS burden for the year 2020 in Nigeria was US$ 930,887,379.00. Approximately 4,835 technical officers, and 3,700 non-technical staff (n = 8,535) were needed with an investment of >2.2 million work hours. The investment cost for NTS control was US$ 53,854,660.87. The non-labour-related cost was 89.21% of the total intervention costs. The overall intervention's investment was 374.15% of the estimated national and subnational systems' annual budget for diarrhoeal diseases, and the outbreak response period attracted the highest costs (53%) of the total intervention. In conclusion, intervention against NTS was beneficial (benefit - cost ratio: 17.29), hence justifying the need for multisectoral surveillance-response against NTS in Nigeria. Complex sectoral silos must give way to coordinated collaborations to optimize benefits; and over-centralization of health interventions' associated delays must be removed through decentralized sub-national-focused framework that empowers rapid investigation, response, control, data collection, and analyses. It should assist anticipatory planning, and outbreak investigation and reduce critical response time. Anticipatory planning tools, when applied pre-emptively, can benefit budgeting, identify gaps, and assist in the delivery of cost-saving and effective measures against infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi O Sanni
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Agro-Processing, Productivity Enhancement and Livelihood Improvement Support (APPEALS) Project, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Abdurrahman H Jibril
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Olubunmi G Fasanmi
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Federal College of Animal Health & Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwawemimo O Adebowale
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Alexander R Jambalang
- Bacterial Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria & Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Aminu Shittu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Annelize Jonker
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Folorunso O Fasina
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Emergency Prevention System for Animal Health, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
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Apeagyei AE, Patel NK, Cogswell I, O'Rourke K, Tsakalos G, Dieleman J. Examining geographical inequalities for malaria outcomes and spending on malaria in 40 malaria-endemic countries, 2010-2020. Malar J 2024; 23:206. [PMID: 38982498 PMCID: PMC11234708 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-05028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While substantial gains have been made in the fight against malaria over the past 20 years, malaria morbidity and mortality are marked by inequality. The equitable elimination of malaria within countries will be determined in part by greater spending on malaria interventions, and how those investments are allocated. This study aims to identify potential drivers of malaria outcome inequality and to demonstrate how spending through different mechanisms might lead to greater health equity. METHODS Using the Gini index, subnational estimates of malaria incidence and mortality rates from 2010 to 2020 were used to quantify the degree of inequality in malaria burden within countries with incidence rates above 5000 cases per 100,000 people in 2020. Estimates of Gini indices represent within-country distributions of disease burden, with high values corresponding to inequitable distributions of malaria burden within a country. Time series analyses were used to quantify associations of malaria inequality with malaria spending, controlling for country socioeconomic and population characteristics. RESULTS Between 2010 and 2020, varying levels of inequality in malaria burden within malaria-endemic countries was found. In 2020, values of the Gini index ranged from 0.06 to 0.73 for incidence, 0.07 to 0.73 for mortality, and 0.00 to 0.36 for case fatality. Greater total malaria spending, spending on health systems strengthening for malaria, healthcare access and quality, and national malaria incidence were associated with reductions in malaria outcomes inequality within countries. In addition, government expenditure on malaria, aggregated government and donor spending on treatment, and maternal educational attainment were also associated with changes in malaria outcome inequality among countries with the greatest malaria burden. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study suggest that prioritizing health systems strengthening in malaria spending and malaria spending in general especially from governments will help to reduce inequality of the malaria burden within countries. Given heterogeneity in outcomes in countries currently fighting to control malaria, and the challenges in increasing both domestic and international funding allocated to control and eliminate malaria, the efficient targeting of limited resources is critical to attain global malaria eradication goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Apeagyei
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Nishali K Patel
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ian Cogswell
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kevin O'Rourke
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Golsum Tsakalos
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Joseph Dieleman
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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4
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Gordon E. Conflict, COVID-19, and crisis response: shifting from 'pivoting' to preparedness. DISASTERS 2024; 48:e12615. [PMID: 38098181 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
This paper assesses the extent to which the COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic directed the attention and resources of the international community away from peacebuilding, and the potential impact of this on conflict-affected environments. It draws from a global survey, interviews, and conversations with peacebuilding practitioners, publicly available information on peacebuilding funding, and real-time data on conflict events from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. The paper argues that resources and attention have 'pivoted' away from peacebuilding to tackle the threat presented by COVID-19, and that this can-but does not always-adversely affect conflict dynamics. It contends that this pivoting belies the interconnectedness of crises, leads to 'forgotten crises' and escalating threats, and exposes deficiencies in peacebuilding funding and, more broadly, preparedness and crisis response. Crises do, however, provide opportunities for reflection and change, including how to address these deficiencies and, in so doing, advance more efficient, effective, and ethical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Gordon
- Senior Lecturer, Politics and International Relations, Monash University, Australia
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5
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Mohammadi E, Smith L, Khan AF, Lee B, Spencer O, Muhammad F, Villeneuve LM, Dunn IF, Smith ZA. Post-pandemic paradigm shift toward telemedicine and tele-education; an updated survey of the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on neurosurgery residents in United States. World Neurosurg X 2024; 23:100326. [PMID: 38497059 PMCID: PMC10937949 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2024.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several strategies were implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic to enhance residency training and patient care. Objective This study aims to assess the post-pandemic landscape of neurosurgical training and practice. Method A survey consisting of 28 questions examining the challenges faced in neurosurgery and the adaptive measures was conducted among US neurosurgery residents from May 2022 to May 2023. Results This study encompassed 59 neurosurgical residents, predominantly male (72.9%) and in later years of training (66.1%) and were distributed across 25 states. Telemedicine and tele-education were pivotal during the pandemic, with virtual lecture series, standalone lectures, and virtual discussions highly favored. Remote didactic learning increased for nearly half of the residents, while 54.2% resumed in-person instruction. Telemedicine was deemed effective by 86.4% for evaluating neurosurgical patients. Access to teaching environments was restricted for 61.0% of residents, impacting their training. The pandemic significantly influenced elective surgeries, with complete cancellations reported by 42.4%. Reduced faculty engagement was noted by 35.6% of residents, while 47.5% reported a negative impact on the overall resident experience. The majority (76.3%) considered changes to their training reasonable given the global health situation. Conclusions Strategies implemented during the peak of the pandemic remain crucial in shaping neurosurgery training. Telemedicine has become indispensable, with widespread adoption. Tele-education has also expanded, providing additional learning opportunities. However, traditional didactic courses and hands-on experiences remain essential for comprehensive training. Balancing technology-driven methods with established approaches is crucial for optimizing neurosurgical education and maintaining high-quality patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lonnie Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ali F. Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Benjamin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Oslin Spencer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Fauziyya Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lance M. Villeneuve
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ian F. Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zachary A. Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Anjum A, Gupta D, Singh B, Garg R, Pani B, Kashif M, Jain S. Clay-polymer nanocomposites for effective water treatment: opportunities, challenges, and future prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:666. [PMID: 38935201 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12823-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The metal intoxication and its associated adverse effects to humans have led to the research for development of water treatment technologies from pollution hazards. Therefore, development of cheaper water remediation technologies is more urgent than ever. Clays and clay minerals are naturally occurring, inexpensive, non-toxic materials possessing interesting chemical and physical properties. As a result of interesting surface properties, these have been developed as efficient absorbent in water remediation. Recently, clay-polymer nanocomposites have provided a cost-effective technological platform for removing contaminants from water. Covering research advancements from past 25 years, this review highlights the developments in clay-polymer nanocomposites and their advanced technical applications are evaluated with respect to the background and issues in remediation of toxic metals and organic compounds from water. The extensive analysis of literature survey of more than two decades suggests that future work need to highlight on advancement of green and cost-effective technologies. The development of understanding of the interaction and exchange between toxin and clay-polymer composites would provide new assembly methods of nanocomposites with functional molecules or nanomaterials need to be extended to increase the detection and extraction limit to parts per trillion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansar Anjum
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities,, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Deepak Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
| | - Bholey Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110036, India
| | - Rajni Garg
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities,, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Balaram Pani
- Department of Chemistry, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110075, India
| | - Mohd Kashif
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities,, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College (University of Delhi), Delhi, 110027, India
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Song P, Cai X, Qin D, Wang Q, Liu X, Zhong M, Li L, Yang Y. Analyzing psychological resilience in college students: A decision tree model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32583. [PMID: 38961892 PMCID: PMC11219503 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of higher education, particularly in the post-pandemic era, it is crucial for college students to face societal challenges and achieve success by understanding and predicting psychological resilience. To deepen our understanding of psychological resilience, this study used a decision tree model to explore influencing factors. We surveyed 776 college students and collected data on demographic information, self-esteem, sense of school belonging, pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, internet game addiction, life autonomy, and academic procrastination using several scales. The decision tree model identified eight key predictors of psychological resilience, which are as follows in order of importance: self-esteem, sense of school belonging, pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, academic procrastination, life autonomy, internet game addiction, and academic achievement. This model's accuracy reached 73.985 %, emphasizing its potential utility in educational settings. The findings not only provide a novel and data-driven perspective to understand psychological resilience in college students compared to existing research but also provide practical guidance for educational practitioners and policymakers on how to develop psychological resilience in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Song
- Department of Preschool and Early Education, Guiyang Preschool Education College, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuan Cai
- Wenzhou Business College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Qin
- Faculty of Educational Studies, University Putra Malaysia, Kuala Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Guizhou Aerospace Vocational and Technical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiangwei Liu
- School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mengmeng Zhong
- Trade and Tourism Management School, Liuzhou Vocational & Technical College, Liuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Linying Li
- Division of Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
| | - Yan Yang
- Research Institute of Higher Education, Yunnan University, China
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Ledesma JR, Papanicolas I, Stoto MA, Chrysanthopoulou SA, Isaac CR, Lurie MN, Nuzzo JB. Pandemic preparedness improves national-level SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality data completeness: a cross-country ecologic analysis. Popul Health Metr 2024; 22:12. [PMID: 38879515 PMCID: PMC11179302 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-024-00333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity in national SARS-CoV-2 infection surveillance capabilities may compromise global enumeration and tracking of COVID-19 cases and deaths and bias analyses of the pandemic's tolls. Taking account of heterogeneity in data completeness may thus help clarify analyses of the relationship between COVID-19 outcomes and standard preparedness measures. METHODS We examined country-level associations of pandemic preparedness capacities inventories, from the Global Health Security (GHS) Index and Joint External Evaluation (JEE), on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 death data completion rates adjusted for income. Analyses were stratified by 100, 100-300, 300-500, and 500-700 days after the first reported case in each country. We subsequently reevaluated the relationship of pandemic preparedness on SARS-CoV-2 infection and age-standardized COVID-19 death rates adjusted for cross-country differentials in data completeness during the pre-vaccine era. RESULTS Every 10% increase in the GHS Index was associated with a 14.9% (95% confidence interval 8.34-21.8%) increase in SARS-CoV-2 infection completion rate and a 10.6% (5.91-15.4%) increase in the death completion rate during the entire observation period. Disease prevention (infections: β = 1.08 [1.05-1.10], deaths: β = 1.05 [1.04-1.07]), detection (infections: β = 1.04 [1.01-1.06], deaths: β = 1.03 [1.01-1.05]), response (infections: β = 1.06 [1.00-1.13], deaths: β = 1.05 [1.00-1.10]), health system (infections: β = 1.06 [1.03-1.10], deaths: β = 1.05 [1.03-1.07]), and risk environment (infections: β = 1.27 [1.15-1.41], deaths: β = 1.15 [1.08-1.23]) were associated with both data completeness outcomes. Effect sizes of GHS Index on infection completion (Low income: β = 1.18 [1.04-1.34], Lower Middle income: β = 1.41 [1.16-1.71]) and death completion rates (Low income: β = 1.19 [1.09-1.31], Lower Middle income: β = 1.25 [1.10-1.43]) were largest in LMICs. After adjustment for cross-country differences in data completeness, each 10% increase in the GHS Index was associated with a 13.5% (4.80-21.4%) decrease in SARS-CoV-2 infection rate at 100 days and a 9.10 (1.07-16.5%) decrease at 300 days. For age-standardized COVID-19 death rates, each 10% increase in the GHS Index was with a 15.7% (5.19-25.0%) decrease at 100 days and a 10.3% (- 0.00-19.5%) decrease at 300 days. CONCLUSIONS Results support the pre-pandemic hypothesis that countries with greater pandemic preparedness capacities have larger SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality data completeness rates and lower COVID-19 disease burdens. More high-quality data of COVID-19 impact based on direct measurement are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Ledesma
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Irene Papanicolas
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Michael A Stoto
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Health, Georgetown University, 3700 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Stavroula A Chrysanthopoulou
- Department of Biostatistics, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Christopher R Isaac
- Nuclear Threat Initiative, 1776 Eye Street, NW, Suite 600, Washington, DC, 20006, USA
| | - Mark N Lurie
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, 68 Waterman St., Box 1836, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jennifer B Nuzzo
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Pandemic Center, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
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Kojima N, Adlhoch C, Mitja O, Dat VQ, Lescano AG, Klausner JD. Building global preparedness for avian influenza. Lancet 2024; 403:2461-2465. [PMID: 38735298 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00934-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Noah Kojima
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Cornelia Adlhoch
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden
| | - Oriol Mitja
- University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; National Department of Health, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Vu Quoc Dat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Andres G Lescano
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jeffrey D Klausner
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Robertson H, Graeden E, Kerr J, Van Maele M, Katz R. Follow the money: a global analysis of funding dynamics for global health security. HEALTH AFFAIRS SCHOLAR 2024; 2:qxae083. [PMID: 38915813 PMCID: PMC11196183 DOI: 10.1093/haschl/qxae083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Global financing for health security was dramatically impacted by COVID-19. Here, we provide an empirical analysis of how that funding changed. Using data from Global Health Security (GHS) Tracking (tracking.ghscosting.org), we analyzed disbursements of direct financial assistance for GHS from 2016 to 2022 to compare pre-pandemic funding (2016-2019) to post-pandemic funding (2020-2022) for preparedness and response during each of the seven World Health Organization-declared public health emergencies of international concern (PHEICs) from 2009 to 2022. Over $165B was disbursed for capacity-building and preparedness activities between January 2016 and December 2022, and over $76B was provided for PHEIC response. Preparedness funding remained evenly distributed since 2016 across regions, with the African region receiving about 70% of total preparedness funding. Indeed, how capacity-building and preparedness funding is distributed has changed remarkably little since 2016, despite unprecedented changes to the funding environment-including markedly increased spending-in response to COVID-19. This suggests we now have a unique opportunity to restructure how funds are tracked for accountability and assessing return on investment moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Robertson
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | - Ellie Graeden
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | - Justin Kerr
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | | | - Rebecca Katz
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, United States
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Jin Y, Guo C, Abbasian M, Abbasifard M, Abbott JH, Abdullahi A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adepoju AV, Adikusuma W, Adnani QES, Aghamiri S, Ahmad D, Ahmed A, Aithala JP, Akhlaghi S, Akkala S, Alalwan TA, Albashtawy M, Alemi H, Alhalaiqa FAN, Ali EA, Almustanyir S, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Al-Worafi YM, Alzahrani H, Alzoubi KH, Amiri S, Amu H, Amzat J, Anderson DB, Anil A, Antony B, Arabloo J, Areda D, Artaman A, Artamonov AA, Aryal KK, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Athari SS, Atinafu BT, Atout MMW, Azadnajafabad S, Azhdari Tehrani H, Azzam AY, Badawi A, Baghcheghi N, Bai R, Baigi V, Banach M, Banakar M, Banik B, Bardhan M, Bärnighausen TW, Barqawi HJ, Barrow A, Bashiri A, Batra K, Bayani M, Bayileyegn NS, Begde A, Beyene KA, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj P, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS, Bhatti R, Bijani A, Bitra VR, Brazo-Sayavera J, Buchbinder R, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt MH, Cámera LA, Carvalho F, Chattu VK, Chaurasia A, Chen G, Chen H, Chen L, Christensen SWM, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Comachio J, Cruz-Martins N, Cuschieri S, Dadana S, Dadras O, Dai X, Dai Z, Das S, Dashti M, Delgado-Enciso I, Demisse B, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Desye B, Dewan SMR, Dhingra S, Diress M, Do TC, Do THP, Doan KDK, Dutta S, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Ekholuenetale M, Elhadi M, Eskandarieh S, Esposito F, Fagbamigbe AF, Farokh P, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Fekadu G, Ferreira N, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Foroutan B, Foroutan Koudehi M, Franklin RC, Fukumoto T, Gandhi AP, Ganesan B, Gau SY, Gautam RK, Gebre AK, Gebregergis MW, Ghaderi Yazdi B, Gholami A, Gill TK, Goleij P, Gomes-Neto M, Goyal A, Graham SM, Guan B, Gupta B, Gupta IR, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Habibzadeh F, Hailu WB, Hajibeygi R, Halwani R, Haro JM, Hartvigsen J, Hasaballah AI, Haubold J, Hebert JJ, Hegazy MI, Heidari G, Heidari M, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hosseinzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M, Hoveidaei AH, Hsu CJ, Huda MN, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ikiroma AI, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Iranmehr A, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Iso H, Iwagami M, Iyasu AN, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jahankhani K, Jain N, Jairoun AA, Janakiraman B, Jayarajah U, Jayaram S, Jeganathan J, Jokar M, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kabito GG, Kamal VK, Kandel H, Kantar RS, Karami J, Karaye IM, Karimi Behnagh A, Kaur N, Kazemi F, Kedir S, Khadembashiri MM, Khadembashiri MA, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khan MJ, Khan MAB, Khan Suheb MZ, Khatatbeh H, Khatatbeh MM, Khateri S, Khayat Kashani HR, Khonji MS, Khubchandani J, Kian S, Kisa A, Kitila AT, Kolahi AA, Koohestani HR, Korzh O, Kostev K, Kotnis AL, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kuddus M, Kumar N, Kurniasari MD, Ladan MA, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lallukka T, Landires I, Lasrado S, Lawal BK, Le TTT, Le TDT, Lee M, Lee WC, Lee YH, Lerango TL, Lim D, Lim SS, Lucchetti G, Ma ZF, Maghazachi AA, Maghbouli N, Malakan Rad E, Malhotra A, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Manu E, Mathangasinghe Y, Mazzotti A, McPhail SM, Mengist B, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miller TR, Minh LHN, Mirahmadi Eraghi M, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw A, Mohamadian H, Mohamadkhani A, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi S, Mohammed M, Mojiri-Forushani H, Mokdad AH, Momenzadeh K, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Montazeri F, Moradi Y, Morrison SD, Mostafavi E, Mousavi P, Mousavi SE, Mulita A, Murillo-Zamora E, Mustafa G, Muthu S, Naik GR, Naimzada MD, Nakhostin Ansari N, Narasimha Swamy S, Nargus S, Nascimento PR, Naseri A, Natto ZS, Naveed M, Nayak BP, Nazri-Panjaki A, Negaresh M, Negash H, Nejadghaderi SA, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HTH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Ofakunrin AO, Okati-Aliabad H, Okonji OC, Olatubi MI, Ommati MM, Ordak M, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pan F, Pantazopoulos I, Park S, Patel J, Patil S, Pawar S, Pedersini P, Peprah P, Perna S, Petcu IR, Petermann-Rocha FE, Pham HT, Pigeolet M, Prates EJS, Rahim F, Rahimi Z, Rahimi-Dehgolan S, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MHU, Rahmati M, Ramasamy SK, Ramasubramani P, Rapaka D, Rashedi S, Rashedi V, Rashidi MM, Rasouli-Saravani A, Rawaf S, Reddy MMRK, Redwan EMM, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei Z, Riad A, Roever L, Roshanzamir S, Roy P, de Andrade Ruela G, Saad AM, Saddik B, Sadeghian F, Saeed U, Safary A, Saghazadeh A, Sagoe D, Sharif-Askari FS, Sharif-Askari NS, Sahebkar A, Sakshaug JW, Salami AA, Saleh MA, Salehi S, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Samuel VP, Santos DB, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saqib MAN, Saravanan A, Sawyer S, Schaarschmidt BM, Senapati S, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shafaat A, Shafie M, Shahabi S, Shahbandi A, Shahrokhi S, Shaikh MA, Shamim MA, Shamshirgaran MA, Sharfaei S, Sharifan A, Sharifi A, Sharma R, Sharma S, Shashamo BB, Shi L, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shivarov V, Siddig EE, Sinaei E, Singh A, Singh JA, Singh P, Singh S, Singla S, Siraj MS, Skryabina AA, Solanki R, Solomon Y, Starodubova AV, Swain CK, Talic S, Tat NY, Temsah MH, Terefa DR, Tesler R, Thapar R, Tharwat S, Thayakaran R, Ticoalu JHV, Tovani-Palone MR, Tusa BS, Ty SS, Udoakang AJ, Vahabi SM, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Venketasubramanian N, Villafañe JH, Vlassov V, Vo AT, Vu LG, Wang YP, Wiangkham T, Wickramasinghe ND, Winkler AS, Wu AM, Yadollahpour A, Yahya G, Yonemoto N, You Y, Younis MZ, Zakham F, Zangiabadian M, Zarrintan A, Zhong C, Zhou H, Zhu Z, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zitoun OA, Zoladl M, Tam LS, Wu D. Global pattern, trend, and cross-country inequality of early musculoskeletal disorders from 1990 to 2019, with projection from 2020 to 2050. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00179-X. [PMID: 38834074 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to estimate the burden, trends, forecasts, and disparities of early musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders among individuals ages 15 to 39 years. METHODS The global prevalence, years lived with disabilities (YLDs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), projection, and inequality were estimated for early MSK diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), low back pain (LBP), neck pain (NP), gout, and other MSK diseases (OMSKDs). FINDINGS More adolescents and young adults were expected to develop MSK disorders by 2050. Across five age groups, the rates of prevalence, YLDs, and DALYs for RA, NP, LBP, gout, and OMSKDs sharply increased from ages 15-19 to 35-39; however, these were negligible for OA before age 30 but increased notably at ages 30-34, rising at least 6-fold by 35-39. The disease burden of gout, LBP, and OA attributable to high BMI and gout attributable to kidney dysfunction increased, while the contribution of smoking to LBP and RA and occupational ergonomic factors to LBP decreased. Between 1990 and 2019, the slope index of inequality increased for six MSK disorders, and the relative concentration index increased for gout, NP, OA, and OMSKDs but decreased for LBP and RA. CONCLUSIONS Multilevel interventions should be initiated to prevent disease burden related to RA, NP, LBP, gout, and OMSKDs among individuals ages 15-19 and to OA among individuals ages 30-34 to tightly control high BMI and kidney dysfunction. FUNDING The Global Burden of Disease study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project is funded by the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (2022QN38).
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Halabi S, Gostin LO, Egbokhare O, Kavanagh MM. Global Health Law for a Safer and Fairer World. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:1925-1931. [PMID: 38718375 DOI: 10.1056/nejmms2403267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Halabi
- From the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center and Georgetown University School of Health, Washington, DC
| | - Lawrence O Gostin
- From the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center and Georgetown University School of Health, Washington, DC
| | - Olohikhuae Egbokhare
- From the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center and Georgetown University School of Health, Washington, DC
| | - Matthew M Kavanagh
- From the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center and Georgetown University School of Health, Washington, DC
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13
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Park S, Ji S, Lee H, Choi H, Choi M, Lee M, Jakovljevic M. Medical expenses and its determinants in female patients with urological disorder. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2024; 22:45. [PMID: 38790023 PMCID: PMC11127313 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-024-00556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising older adult population has led to an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases and medical expenses. Women tend to have a longer healthy life expectancy than men and are more likely to be exposed to urological disorders around the age of 50, resulting in substantial healthcare expenses throughout their lifetime. Urological disorders often require continuous treatment owing to their high risk of recurrence, contributing to an increased financial burden from medical costs. This study aimed to identify factors influencing medical expense in female patients with urological disorders and propose strategies to alleviate the associated financial burden. METHODS We used data from the Korea Health Panel Survey conducted from 2011 to 2016. The final sample comprised 2,932 patients who visited hospitals for urological disorders. To identify the factors influencing medical expense among female patients with urological disorders, we employed a generalized estimating equation model. RESULTS The results indicated that younger people and patients with middle-income levels tended to incur higher medical expenses. Furthermore, patients receiving treatment at tertiary hospitals and those enrolled in National Health Insurance also incurred higher health expenses. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that effective management of medical expenses related to urological disorders in women requires improvements in healthcare accessibility to facilitate early detection and continuous disease management. In addition, the findings highlight the potential benefits of digital health and non-face-to-face treatments in addressing these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewon Park
- Department of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Seokmin Ji
- Department of Health Policy & Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunseo Lee
- Department of Health Policy & Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hangseok Choi
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mankyu Choi
- Department of Health Policy & Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Munjae Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
| | - Mihajlo Jakovljevic
- UNESCO - The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Trieste, Italy
- Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723099, People's Republic of China
- Department of Global Health Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Eslami J, Saeedi AA, Najafi Kalyani M. Assessing Evidence-Based Practice in Operating Room Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Southwest of Iran. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:5552711. [PMID: 38756479 PMCID: PMC11098602 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5552711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a clinical decision-making process that is grounded in the utilization of the most reliable and up-to-date evidence. It involves utilizing resources and evidence to enhance patient management. The application of evidence-based decisions in patient care and education is of utmost importance in the performance of health sciences students. However, the emphasis on this concept among operating room nursing students has been lacking. Hence, the objective of this research is to assess the implementation of evidence-based practice among operating room nursing students studying in the operating room department at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The study follows a descriptive, cross-sectional design, with a sample of 148 operating room nursing students selected through census sampling based on the student list. After obtaining informed consent, participants completed a demographic information form and the Rubin-Parrish evidence-based practice questionnaire. The data that were gathered underwent analysis through the utilization of SPSS version 22 software, employing descriptive statistics, T-tests, and Pearson correlation coefficient tests. The results revealed that the overall average score of evidence-based practice among the students exceeded the standard scores (172.66 ± 14.74). There was a significant association between the evidence-based practice score and prior familiarity with evidence-based practice, interest in the field of study, research experience, intention to participate in the Master's exam, and the participants' grade point average (GPA) (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that operating room nursing students displayed an average level of evidence-based practice, emphasizing the need for effective plans and strategies to improve their performance. Addressing the identified factors from this study becomes crucial in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Eslami
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Arsalan Saeedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Najafi Kalyani
- Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Duran-Fernandez R, Bernal-Serrano D, Garcia-Huitron JA, Hutubessy R. Financing for pandemic preparedness and response measures: a systematic scoping review. Bull World Health Organ 2024; 102:314-322F. [PMID: 38680465 PMCID: PMC11046164 DOI: 10.2471/blt.23.290207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To obtain insights into reducing the shortfall in financing for pandemic preparedness and response measures, and reducing the risk of another pandemic with social and economic costs comparable to those of the coronavirus disease. Methods We conducted a systematic scoping review using the databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, JSTOR, PubMed® and EconLit. We included articles published in any language until 1 August 2023, and excluded grey literature and publications on epidemics. We categorized eligible studies according to the elements of a framework proposed by the World Health Organization Council on the Economy of Health for All: (i) root/structural causes; (ii) social position/foundations; (iii) infrastructure and systems; and (iv) communities, households and individuals. Findings Of the 188 initially identified articles, we included 60 in our review. Most (53/60) were published after 2020, when academic interest had shifted towards global financing mechanisms. Most (37/60) addressed two or more of the council framework elements. The most frequently addressed element was infrastructure and systems (54/60), discussing topics such as health systems, financial markets and innovation ecosystems. The roots/structural causes were discussed in 25 articles; communities, households and individuals in 22 articles; and social positions/foundations in 11. Conclusion Our review identified three important gaps: a formal definition of pandemic preparedness and response, impeding the accurate quantification of the financing shortfall; research on the extent to which financing for pandemic preparedness and response has been targeted at the most vulnerable households; and an analysis of specific financial instruments and an evaluation of the feasibility of their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Duran-Fernandez
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Gobierno y Transformación Pública, Eugenio Garza Lagüera y, Av. Rufino Tamayo, Valle Oriente, San Pedro Garza García 66269, Mexico
| | - Daniel Bernal-Serrano
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Gobierno y Transformación Pública, Eugenio Garza Lagüera y, Av. Rufino Tamayo, Valle Oriente, San Pedro Garza García 66269, Mexico
| | | | - Raymond Hutubessy
- Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Yue W. Research on the path of local colleges participating in community education of affordable rental housing in industrial parks. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29535. [PMID: 38681602 PMCID: PMC11053206 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The affordable rental housing community in industrial parks has become a large-scale community, but little attention has been paid to this type of community education. Therefore, based on the concept of educational equality, this project aims to explore the path of local colleges participating in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks. With convenient samples, empirical research is conducted on the current situation and residents' needs of affordable rental housing community education in the Qianwan New Area Industrial Park. And it has been found that community residents have a high willingness to learn on one hand, however, on the other hand, there are few types of community education to meet their demand; Although there are many public space resources, the utilization of scene spaces is far from sufficient. Based on these findings, this research explores and proposes the paths for local colleges to participate in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks through resource sharing models, in-depth community services for all-age residential groups, the cultivation of application-oriented talents to promote the integration of industry and education and enriching spiritual connotation of community education content. By enhancing the quality of all-age residents, namely, the new citizens including industrial workers and their relatives, it can promote the construction of a learning-oriented society and contribute to the realization of common prosperity. This study has certain theoretical and practical significance in enriching the research field of community education, promoting social integration of new citizens, and helping to achieve common prosperity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yue
- College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Mayhew SH, Doyle K, Babawo LS, Mokuwa E, Rohan H, Martinez-Alverez M, Borghi J, Pitt C. Did aid to the Ebola crisis divert aid for reproductive, maternal, and newborn health? An analysis of donor-reported data in Sierra Leone. Confl Health 2024; 18:38. [PMID: 38678265 PMCID: PMC11055248 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-024-00589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious disease outbreaks like Ebola and Covid-19 are increasing in frequency. They may harm reproductive, maternal and newborn health (RMNH) directly and indirectly. Sierra Leone experienced a sharp deterioration of RMNH during the 2014-16 Ebola epidemic. One possible explanation is that donor funding may have been diverted away from RMNH to the Ebola response. METHODS We analysed donor-reported data from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reported System (CRS) data for Sierra Leone before, during and after the 2014-16 Ebola epidemic to understand whether aid flows for Ebola displaced aid for RMNH. We estimated aid for Ebola using key term searches and manual review of CRS records. We estimated aid for RMNH by applying the Muskoka-2 algorithm to the CRS and analysing CRS purpose codes. RESULTS We find substantial increases in aid to Sierra Leone (from $484 million in 2013 to $1 billion at the height of the epidemic in 2015), most of which was earmarked for the Ebola response. Overall, Ebola aid was additional to RMNH funding. RMNH aid was sustained during the epidemic (at $42 m per year) and peaked immediately after (at $77 m in 2016). There is some evidence of a small displacement of RMNH aid from the UK during the period when its Ebola funding increased. CONCLUSIONS Modest changes to RMNH donor aid patterns are insufficient to explain the severe decline in RMNH indicators recorded during the outbreak. Our findings therefore suggest the need for substantial increases in routine aid to ensure that basic RMNH services and infrastructure are strong before an epidemic occurs, as well as increased aid for RMNH during epidemics like Ebola and Covid-19, if reproductive, maternal and newborn healthcare is to be maintained at pre-epidemic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah H Mayhew
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
- Adjunct Professor, Njala University, Bo, Sierra Leone.
| | | | - Lawrence S Babawo
- Department of Nursing, School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University, Bo, Sierra Leone
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Disaster Management, Eastern Technical University, Kenema, Sierra Leone
- Mattru School of Nursing, Bonthe District, Mattru, Sierra Leone
| | - Esther Mokuwa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Disaster Management, Eastern Technical University, Kenema, Sierra Leone
- University of Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hana Rohan
- Non-resident affiliate of the Center for Global Health Science and Security at Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Josephine Borghi
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Catherine Pitt
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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18
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Coccia M, Benati I. Negative effects of high public debt on health systems facing pandemic crisis: Lessons from COVID-19 in Europe to prepare for future emergencies. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:477-498. [PMID: 39027392 PMCID: PMC11252587 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The investigation goal here was to analyze how the level of public debt affects preparedness of health systems to face emergencies. In particular, this study examined the negative effects of high public debt on health systems of European countries in the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Empirical evidence revealed that European countries with a lower level of government debt as a percentage of GDP both in 2009 and 2019 (the period before the arrival of the pandemic) had lower COVID-19 fatality rates compared to countries with higher levels of public debt. The explanation is that high levels of public debt in countries trigger budget constraints that limit their ability to allocate resources to healthcare systems (e.g., health expenditures and investments), weakening health system performance and causing systemic vulnerability and lower preparedness during emergencies, such as with the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications of health policies are suggested to improve strategies of crisis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Coccia
- CNR – National Research Council of Italy, Department of Social Science and Humanities, IRCRES, Torino, Italy
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19
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Torres M, Nunes A, Martins JP, Ferreira PL, Pimenta R. Health care expenses impact on the disability-adjusted life years in non-communicable diseases in the European Union. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1384122. [PMID: 38660356 PMCID: PMC11041633 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1384122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases are a global health problem. The metric Disability-Adjusted Life Years was developed to measure its impact on health systems. This metric makes it possible to understand a disease's burden, towards defining healthcare policies. This research analysed the effect of healthcare expenditures in the evolution of disability-adjusted life years for non-communicable diseases in the European Union between 2000 and 2019. Methods Data were collected for all 27 European Union countries from Global Burden of Disease 2019, Global Health Expenditure, and EUROSTAT databases. Econometric panel data models were used to assess the impact of healthcare expenses on the disability-adjusted life years. Only models with a coefficient of determination equal to or higher than 10% were analysed. Results There was a decrease in the non-communicable diseases with the highest disability-adjusted life years: cardiovascular diseases (- 2,952 years/105 inhabitants) and neoplasms (- 618 years/105 inhabitants). Health expenditure significantly decreased disability-adjusted life years for all analysed diseases (p < 0.01) unless for musculoskeletal disorders. Private health expenditure did not show a significant effect on neurological and musculoskeletal disorders (p > 0.05) whereas public health expenditure did not significantly influence skin and subcutaneous diseases (p > 0.05). Conclusion Health expenditure have proved to be effective in the reduction of several diseases. However, some categories such as musculoskeletal and mental disorders must be a priority for health policies in the future since, despite their low mortality, they can present high morbidity and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Torres
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alcina Nunes
- UNIAG, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - João P. Martins
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
- CEAUL – Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Health Studies and Research of University of Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Ferreira
- Centre for Health Studies and Research of University of Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Pimenta
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal
- Centre for Health Studies and Research of University of Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
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Wang S, Abbas J, Al-Sulati KI, Shah SAR. The Impact of Economic Corridor and Tourism on Local Community's Quality of Life under One Belt One Road Context. EVALUATION REVIEW 2024; 48:312-345. [PMID: 37350232 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x231182749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Economic corridors unlock new economic opportunities and tourism development in the region to achieve sustainable development goals. Green economic growth is conducive to environmental sustainability. Economic mega-projects of CPEC promote tourism that leads to communities' well-being and better quality of life. Modern infrastructure development contributes significantly to economic growth and tourism activities. This study's objectives emphasize exploring tourism and sustainable development pursuits under OBOR economic projects that open doors to improving residents' quality of life. The growing world is an eyewitness to a continuous rise in emissions and its severe consequences for humankind. It is necessary to show off the leading factors that result in tourism and economic activities causing environmental pollution rather than blame policymakers. Undoubtedly, many studies previously focused on demonstrating the influence of socio-economic factors that lead to better environmental quality. However, the empirical literature on tourism, social well-being, foreign direct investment, and the Environment in Belt and Road developed economies needed improvement. This research applied a series of advanced estimators that help demonstrate the study's probable results. This study explores the role of Social well-being (HDI), tourism development, FDI, renewable energy, information & communication technology (ICT), and urbanization on CO2 emissions in Belt and Road (BRI) developed economies.Estimated results exhibited the significant contribution of ICT and renewable energy to sustainability. Besides, FDI contributes to emissions reduction after its threshold level. Conversely, urbanization and tourism activities contribute to environmental pollution. The study outcomes stated inverted/EKC U-shaped hypotheses related to specified economies. Finally, the analysis based on the D-H panel causality test constructs exciting results.The present study concludes that economic corridor plays a vital role in tourism development, the community's well-being, and SDGs goals (sustainable development) impact on environmental safety. The findings suggest essential and applicable policies to attain the desired sustainability level. Findings contribute to the literature on tourism, well-being, and sustainability. Further studies can use insights using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Wang
- School of Marxism, Shandong Normal University, China
| | - Jaffar Abbas
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Ibrahim Al-Sulati
- Al-Rayyan International University College, in Partnership with the University of Derby UK, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Chen X, Zeng X, Liu C, Lu P, Shen Z, Yin R. Formulation of precise exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression. Psych J 2024; 13:176-189. [PMID: 38298170 PMCID: PMC10990816 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The high incidence of adolescent depression has become the focus of social and academic attention. Exercise is an important method to improve adolescent depression, but its intervention effect is still controversial. This study first compares and analyzes the relevant studies at home and abroad and finds that exercise prescription in adolescent depression intervention is not accurate enough. A meta-analysis was conducted to develop a precise exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression. Firstly, this thesis identified how to optimize five elements (exercise intensity, exercise frequency, exercise time, exercise cycle, and exercise type) of exercise prescription to improve depression in adolescents. This is the problem. Furthermore, the concept of "precision exercise" was proposed, and a precision exercise intervention strategy (moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 8-10 weeks, 3 times/week, 45-50 min/time) was constructed to improve adolescent depression. This paper also presents research that strengthens the cross-sectional research and empirical research on adolescent depression and establishes a precision exercise prescription database for adolescent depression in China. In conclusion, this study not only puts forward the concept of "precision exercise" but also constructs a precision exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression, which has important theoretical and practical significance for improving the high incidence of adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xinyu Zeng
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Chi Liu
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Pengcheng Lu
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Ziming Shen
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Rongbin Yin
- Physical Education and Sports School of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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22
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Lee S, Chung CY, Ullah F. Integration of Pakistan's stock market with the stock markets of top ten developed economies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26542. [PMID: 38449631 PMCID: PMC10915349 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the integration of Pakistan's Stock Market with the stock markets of the top ten largest economies in the world-USA, China, Japan, Germany, the UK, India, France, Italy, Brazil, and Canada-from January 2015 to October 2020. To examine long- and short run integration, this study employed Johansen and Juselius co-integration and pair-wise Granger causality tests. In the long run, the results indicated that Pakistan's Stock Market is not integrated with these markets. This implies that the market is more attractive in portfolio diversification for international investors, and vice versa. In the short run, the results revealed that, except for China, Pakistan's stock market integrates with the remaining nine markets. However, Pakistan's stock market exhibits a bidirectional relationship with the USA, Japan, Germany, the UK, and France in the lead-lag relationship. However, its relationship with India, Italy, Brazil, and Canada is unidirectional, with Pakistan's stock market leading, while these markets are following. For Pakistani investors, China is the optimal market, and vice versa. Importantly, our findings help policymakers to comprehend Pakistan's dynamic relationship with its trading partners. To the best of our knowledge, no prior study has employed advanced techniques to address the time-varying correlation among the selected markets. By determining Pakistan's stock market integration with its trading partners, this study aimed to fill this empirical literature gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyup Lee
- Korea Development Institute, 263 Namsejong-ro, Sejong-si, 30149, South Korea
| | - Chune Young Chung
- School of Business Administration, College of Business and Economics, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Farid Ullah
- School of Economics, Sichuan University, China
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23
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Patwary MM, Bardhan M, Browning MHEM, Astell-Burt T, van den Bosch M, Dong J, Dzhambov AM, Dadvand P, Fasolino T, Markevych I, McAnirlin O, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, White MP, Van Den Eeden SK. The economics of nature's healing touch: A systematic review and conceptual framework of green space, pharmaceutical prescriptions, and healthcare expenditure associations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169635. [PMID: 38159779 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Green spaces play a crucial role in promoting sustainable and healthy lives. Recent evidence shows that green space also may reduce the need for healthcare, prescription medications, and associated costs. This systematic review provides the first comprehensive assessment of the available literature examining green space exposure and its associations with healthcare prescriptions and expenditures. We applied Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to search MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for observational studies published in English through May 6, 2023. A quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) tool, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) assessment was used to evaluate the overall quality of evidence. Our search retrieved 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were included in our review. Among these, 20 studies (77 % of the total) showed beneficial associations of green space exposure with healthcare prescriptions or expenditures. However, most studies had risks of bias, and the overall strength of evidence for both outcomes was limited. Based on our findings and related bodies of literature, we present a conceptual framework to explain the possible associations and complex mechanisms underlying green space and healthcare outcomes. The framework differs from existing green space and health models by including upstream factors related to healthcare access (i.e., rurality and socioeconomic status), which may flip the direction of associations. Additional research with lower risks of bias is necessary to validate this framework and better understand the potential for green space to reduce healthcare prescriptions and expenditures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh; Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh; Department of Park, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Park, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- School of Architecture, Design, and Planning, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Matilda van den Bosch
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; European Forest Institute, Biocities Facility, Rome, Italy; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jiaying Dong
- Department of Park, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA; School of Architecture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Research Group "Health and Quality of Life in a Green and Sustainable Environment", Strategic Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU - Plovdiv, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Environmental Health Division, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute of Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Iana Markevych
- Research Group "Health and Quality of Life in a Green and Sustainable Environment", Strategic Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU - Plovdiv, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Environmental Health Division, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olivia McAnirlin
- Department of Park, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mathew P White
- Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Li D, Xu F, Chen Z, Xie X, Fan K, Zeng Z. Fine simulation of PM 2.5 combined with NPP-VIIRS night light remote sensing and mobile monitoring data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169955. [PMID: 38211858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Human activity plays a crucial role in influencing PM2.5 concentration and can be assessed through nighttime light remote sensing. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether the nighttime light brightness can enhance the accuracy of PM2.5 simulation in different stages. Utilizing PM2.5 mobile monitoring data, this study introduces nighttime lighting brightness as an additional factor in the PM2.5 simulation model across various time periods. It compares the differences in simulation accuracy, explores the impact of nocturnal human activities on PM2.5 concentrations at different periods of the following day, and analyzes the spatial and temporal pollution pattern of PM2.5 in urban functional areas. The results show that (1) the incorporation of nighttime lighting brightness effectively enhances the model's accuracy (R2), with an improvement ranging from 0.04 to 0.12 for different periods ranges. (2) the model's accuracy improves more prominently during 8:00-12:00 on the following day, and less so during 12:00-18:00, as the PM2.5 from human activities during the night experiences a strong aggregation effect in the morning of the next day, with the effect on PM2.5 concentration declining after diffusion until the afternoon. (3) PM2.5 is primarily concentrated in urban functional areas including construction sites, roads, and industrial areas during each period. But in the period of 8:00-12:00, there is a significant level of PM2.5 pollution observed in commercial and residential areas, due to the human activities that occurred the previous night.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichao Li
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fangnian Xu
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zuoqi Chen
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xiaowei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kunkun Fan
- The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhan Zeng
- Hunan Cartographic Publishing House, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
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25
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Berger H, Wittman J, Smith K, Horick N, Norris K, Young A, Magana Gomez J, Ocampo KKE, Skotko BG. Health care satisfaction and medical literacy habits among caregivers of individuals with Down syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2024; 196:e32074. [PMID: 37946659 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.32074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Down syndrome have significant specialized health care needs. Our objective was to understand the needs, satisfaction, and online habits of caregivers as they care for persons with Down syndrome. A mixed-method survey was distributed through REDCap from April 2022 to June 2022 in the United States; a Spanish-translated version was distributed through SurveyMonkey from August 2022 to March 2023 in Mexico. We received 290 completed responses from the United States and 58 from caregivers in Mexico. We found that current health care options are not meeting the needs of many individuals with DS in both the United States (39.7%) and Mexico (46.6%). Caregivers expressed frustrations with the inaccessibility and inapplicability of health care information. In particular, they often found the volume of information overwhelming, given their limited medical background. Additionally, health care recommendations were not customized and lacked practical recommendations. Most caregivers in both the United States (72.1%) and Mexico (82.8%) believe it is not easy to find answers to medical questions about their loved ones with DS. Online platforms with customized, specific health information related to DS could offer innovative solutions to these unmet needs for families and primary care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Berger
- Simpson College, Department of Mathematics, Indianola, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Katelyn Smith
- Simpson College, Department of Mathematics, Indianola, Iowa, USA
| | - Nora Horick
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth Norris
- Simpson College, Department of Mathematics, Indianola, Iowa, USA
| | - Allison Young
- Simpson College, Department of Mathematics, Indianola, Iowa, USA
| | - Javier Magana Gomez
- Nutrition Faculty, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Brian G Skotko
- Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Lakner Z, Popp J, Oláh J, Zéman Z, Molnár V. Possibilities and limits of modelling of long-range economic consequences of air pollution - A case study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26483. [PMID: 38420370 PMCID: PMC10901026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is the biggest environmental problem in modern societies, causing considerable health damage and requiring substantial financial resources for health care. The goal of the study is to demonstrate the adverse economic consequences of air pollution on example of a small, open Central European country, Hungary, and to provide quantified financial arguments for macroeconomic decision-making for the development of a long-term energy strategy. On the basis of the Cobb-Douglas production function and Solow-Swann model of dynamic economic systems a simple and robust model was constructed to estimate and predict economic losses, caused by the pollution. On base of results it is obvious, that on base of macroeconomic theory and combination of various, publicly available, quality-controlled statistical resources quantifiable models can be constructed to characterise the economic consequences of air pollution, but it should be taken into consideration, that the reliability of economic models considerably depends on their initial parameters and practical validity of assumptions, based on which the underlying economic theories were built. The most important economic burden of air pollution is caused by the loss of working-age population, resulting in a decrease of 4.1-9.4 % a year in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the next fifty years. The additional burden of health care costs amounts to 0.1 % of GDP. Reducing air pollution is not only a quality of life improvement but also an investment into the economic development. Notwithstanding of statistical biases it could be proven the importance of combination health economic and econometric methods in preparation of more efficient environmental-related socio-economic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Lakner
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
| | - József Popp
- John von Neumann University, John von Neumann University Doctoral School of Management and Business Administration, Hungary
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Judit Oláh
- John von Neumann University, John von Neumann University Doctoral School of Management and Business Administration, Hungary
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
- Department of Trade and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Zéman
- John von Neumann University, John von Neumann University Doctoral School of Management and Business Administration, Hungary
| | - Viktória Molnár
- Semmelweis University, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hungary
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27
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Akter S, Mamun MAA, Hossain MS, Hossain A, Rahman MZ, Khalil SMI, Rahman MM, Alam MM. Ecotoxicological effects of cypermethrin on indigenous climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). Heliyon 2024; 10:e25723. [PMID: 38370174 PMCID: PMC10869875 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides including cypermethrin (10% EC) are commonly used pesticide in tea gardens of Bangladesh possess distinct harmful effects on an aquatic community. The experiment was carried out to assess the ecotoxicological effects of cypermethrin (10%) concentrate on indigenous Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus). A total of 120 A. testudineus (mean length 16 ± 2.67 cm and mean weight 31.6 ± 3.56 g) were exposed to the acute toxicity test when the lethal concentration 50 value (LC50) for 96 h was maintained at 1.00 ppm. Three different sub-lethal concentrations of 0.05 ppm (5%), 0.10 ppm (10%), and 0.20 ppm (20%) were used respectively as three treatments and a control of 0 ppm with three replicates each. Restlessness, erratic movement, increased opercular activities, loss of equilibrium, and irregular response to feeding were observed in all the treatments compared to control one. Concerning histopathological alterations, all the analyzed organs showed highest changes in the T3 (cypermethrin conc. 20%) compared to other treatments while T0 (0 ppm) had normal structure. The major changes in the gill were epithelial cell hyperplasia, necrosis, severe lamellar fusion and epithelial lifting; while necrotic proximal tubules, glomerular shrinkage, disrupted renal corpuscle of the kidney and nuclear pyknosis, degenerated hepatic cells and vacuolation were observed in the liver. Severe melanomacrophage centre (MMC), haemosiderosis and vacuolation were found in spleen. The effect of cypermethrin on the hematological parameters of experimental fish was also studied. Red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit were decreased in the experimental groups and lowest value was in T3 while values of white blood cells were increased in the experimental groups compared to control one. Hence, the present observation revealed that pesticides even at low concentrations can cause harmful effects on A. testudineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Akter
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdullah-Al Mamun
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Arman Hossain
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zobayer Rahman
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Moshiur Rahman
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - M.M. Mahbub Alam
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
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28
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Sattar A, Ridoy MAM, Saha AK, Hasan Babu HM, Huda MN. Computer vision based deep learning approach for toxic and harmful substances detection in fruits. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25371. [PMID: 38327430 PMCID: PMC10847935 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (CH₂O) is one of the significant chemicals mixed with different perishable fruits in Bangladesh. The fruits are artificially preserved for extended periods by dishonest vendors using this dangerous chemical. Such substances are complicated to detect in appearance. Hence, a reliable and robust detection technique is required. To overcome this challenge and address the issue, we introduce comprehensive deep learning-based techniques for detecting toxic substances. Four different types of fruits, both in fresh and chemically mixed conditions, are used in this experiment. We have applied diverse data augmentation techniques to enlarge the dataset. The performance of four different pre-trained deep learning models was then assessed, and a brand-new model named "DurbeenNet," created especially for this task, was presented. The primary objective was to gauge the efficacy of our proposed model compared to well-established deep learning architectures. Our assessment centered on the models' accuracy in detecting toxic substances. According to our research, GoogleNet detected toxic substances with an accuracy rate of 85.53 %, VGG-16 with an accuracy rate of 87.44 %, DenseNet with an impressive accuracy rate of 90.37 %, and ResNet50 with an accuracy rate of 91.66 %. Notably, the proposed model, DurbeenNet, outshone all other models, boasting an impressive accuracy rate of 96.71 % in detecting toxic substances among the sample fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdus Sattar
- Centre for Higher Studies and Research, Bangladesh University of Professionals, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Asif Mahmud Ridoy
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aloke Kumar Saha
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Huda
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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29
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Ahmed F, Rahman MU, Rehman HM, Imran M, Dunay A, Hossain MB. Corporate capital structure effects on corporate performance pursuing a strategy of innovation in manufacturing companies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24677. [PMID: 38322932 PMCID: PMC10844126 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Within the sphere of finance, the concept of capital structure has long been a subject of intense debate, serving as a quantitative depiction of the balance between debt, preference shares, and common stock within a company. This structure serves a crucial role in optimizing the utilization of a company's existing resources while simultaneously elevating the revenue streams for stakeholders. This particular study delves into the intricate relationship between corporate performance and capital structure, focusing on 78 publicly listed firms within the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). Bangladesh holds the 29th position globally in terms of purchasing power, lending significant weight to this investigation. To comprehensively analyze this correlation, panel data encompassing the span from 2017 to 2021 was collected for these 78 sample companies operating within the DSE. Several key determinants of capital structure were considered in this analysis, namely the debt-to-equity ratio, short-term leverage ratio, long-term leverage ratio, and total debt ratio. Meanwhile, the performance of these firms was gauged using key metrics such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings Per Share (EPS). To ensure a robust analysis, factors such as inflation, liquidity, growth rate, tax rate, and firm size were meticulously controlled for. The findings unveiled a compelling narrative: all forms of debt ratios-be it short-term, long-term, or the total debt ratio-exhibited a substantial negative impact on ROA at a significant level of 1 %. Conversely, specific debt ratios, like the short-term total debt and the total debt-to-total asset ratio, displayed a notable positive correlation with ROE at a 1 % significance level. Intriguingly, the long-term total debt ratio yielded a negative and insignificant effect on ROE. Moreover, within the spectrum of predictors influencing a firm's performance, the liquidity ratio emerged as a non-significant factor-a notable discovery that highlights the nuanced nature of the interplay between capital structure and performance within these companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Ahmed
- School of Information Technology, Washington University of Science and Technology, VA 22182, USA
| | - Mujib Ur Rahman
- Faculty of Business & Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mudassir Rehman
- Department of Global Business & Enterprise, Ulster University Business School, Ulster University, BT487JL, UK
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Administrative & Management Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Anna Dunay
- Doctoral School of Management and Business Administration, John von Neumann University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Md Billal Hossain
- Business Management and Marketing Department, School of Business and Economics, Westminster International University in Tashkent (WIUT), Tashkent 100047, Uzbekistan
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30
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Lupu D, Tiganasu R. Does education influence COVID-19 vaccination? A global view. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24709. [PMID: 38314273 PMCID: PMC10837567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
After the recent hard attempts felt on a global scale, notably in the health sector, the steady efforts of scientists have been materialized in maybe one of the most expected findings of the last decades, i.e. the launching of the COVID-19 vaccines. Although it is not our goal to plead for vaccination, as the decision in this regard is a matter of individual choice, we believe it is necessary and enlightening to analyze how one's educational status interferes with COVID-19 vaccination. There are discrepancies between world states vis-à-vis their well-being and their feedback to crises, and from the collection of features that can segregate the states in handling vaccination, in this paper, the spotlight is on education. We are referring to this topic because, generally, researches converge rather on the linkage between economic issues and COVID-19 vaccination, while education levels are less tackled in relation to this. To notice the weight of each type of education (primary, secondary, tertiary) in this process, we employ an assortment of statistical methods, for three clusters: 45 low-income countries (LICs), 72 middle-income countries (MICs) and 53 high-income countries (HICs). The estimates suggest that education counts in the COVID-19 vaccination, the tertiary one having the greatest meaning in accepting it. It is also illustrated that the imprint of education on vaccination fluctuates across the country groups scrutinized, with HICs recording the upper rates. The heterogeneity of COVID-19 vaccination-related behaviors should determine health authorities to treat this subject differently. To expand the COVID-19 vaccines uptake, they should be in an ongoing dialogue with all population categories and, remarkably, with those belonging to vulnerable communities, originated mostly in LICs. Education is imperative for vaccination, and it would ought to be on the schedule of any state, for being assimilated into health strategies and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lupu
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Romania
| | - Ramona Tiganasu
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Faculty of Law, Centre for European Studies, Romania
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Easwaran V, Alshahrani S, Mantargi MJS, Bommireddy B, Khan NA, Alavudeen SS, Goruntla N, Almeleebia T, Thattarauthodiyil U, Awais M. Examining factors influencing public knowledge and practice of proper face mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16889. [PMID: 38344298 PMCID: PMC10859079 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic had an enormous impact on people's quality of life worldwide. Appropriate use of facemasks is an important checkpoint in containing the spread of infection, which was believed to provide the desired level of protection and preserve the community. Given the relative novelty of facemask use in the general population, it is imperative to prioritize the promotion of appropriate facemask utilization and identify factors that may contribute to poor adherence. Aim This study assessed the factors that determined facemask use among the public. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the residents of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between November 2020 and January 2021. The current study explored the factors such as demographic characteristics influencing the knowledge and practice of proper use of facemasks. The study included a total of 198 participants. The results were derived through binomial logistic regression analysis to determine the relationship between the demographic characteristics and responses. Results The key findings of the study which are crucial in developing targeted intervention strategies to enhance the responsible use and disposal of facemasks are gender, income and employment. A significant difference was found between male and female participants regarding a positive approach to using facemasks, such as washing their hands (P = 0.042). In addition, homemakers differed significantly from students, regarding the correct usage of facemasks (P = 0.026). The study participants were aware that hand hygiene is essential when putting on and removing facemasks. Despite wearing facemasks properly, adult participants possessed less knowledge about the hazards of reusing facemasks and appropriate disposal (OR = 0.202, 95% CI [0.032-1.298]). Conclusion The present research identified gender, income, and employment as the primary attributes that play a pivotal role in the formulation of focused intervention tactics aimed at improving the cautious use and appropriate disposal of facemasks. It is essential to implement nationwide awareness activities, such as information campaigns, to enhance knowledge. Health authorities should establish a functional infrastructure for the collection and disposal of used facemasks by the general public, starting with the dissemination of knowledge. Moreover, the results of the present study have significant implications for health preventive programs aimed at preparing for future pandemics, since they highlight the specific demographic groups that should be prioritized in the development of such policies. Furthermore, it is advisable to integrate these interventional initiatives with national health polices to promote preparedness for handling future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigneshwaran Easwaran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Bhavana Bommireddy
- Department of PharmD, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Noohu Abdulla Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudeen Shaik Alavudeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Narayana Goruntla
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Tahani Almeleebia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Usman Thattarauthodiyil
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Awais
- Department of Microbiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Mei H, Wu D, Yong Z, Cao Y, Chang Y, Liang J, Jiang X, Xu H, Yang J, Shi X, Xie R, Zhao W, Wu Y, Liu Y. PM 2.5 exposure exacerbates seizure symptoms and cognitive dysfunction by disrupting iron metabolism and the Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168578. [PMID: 37981141 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, air pollution has garnered global attention due to its ability to traverse borders and regions, thereby impacting areas far removed from the emission sources. While prior studies predominantly focused on the deleterious effects of PM2.5 on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, emerging evidence has highlighted the potential risks of PM2.5 exposure to the central nervous system. Nonetheless, research elucidating the potential influences of PM2.5 exposure on seizures, specifically in relation to neuronal ferroptosis, remains limited. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of PM2.5 exposure on seizure symptoms and seizures-induced hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis. Our findings suggest that seizure patients residing in regions with high PM2.5 levels are more likely to disturb iron homeostasis and the Nrf2 dependent ferroptosis pathway compared to those living in areas with lower PM2.5 levels. The Morris Water Maze test, Racine scores, and EEG recordings in epileptic mice suggest that PM2.5 exposure can exacerbate seizure symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. Neurotoxic effects of PM2.5 exposure were demonstrated via Nissl staining and CCK-8 assays. Direct evidence of PM2.5-induced hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis was provided through TEM images. Additionally, increased Fe2+ and lipid ROS levels indirectly supported the notion of PM2.5-induced hippocampal ferroptosis. Therefore, our study underscores the necessity of preventing and controlling PM2.5 levels, particularly for patients with seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongqin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zenghua Yong
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingsi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanjin Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiatao Yang
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xian Shi
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruijin Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yueying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Kılıç C, Soyyiğit S, Bayar Y, Bekun FV. Exploration on terrorism, ecological footprint and environmental sustainability in countries with the most terrorism antecedent: Accessing evidence from panel fourier analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22849. [PMID: 38169655 PMCID: PMC10758721 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst increased concerns for global security and ecological balance, the intricate interconnectedness between terrorism and environmental sustainability has attracted significant attention in the existing literature. To this end, the present study explores the interaction among environmental degradation, terrorism, and foreign direct investments in 17 countries with the most terrorism antecedents over the 2002-2018 period through the Panel Fourier cointegration test and the Panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto causality test. The present study also leverages recent and robust panel analysis for evidence-based results and inferences for policy formulation. The panel Fourier cointegration test presents the cointegration relationship between the outline variables under review. Empirical findings highlight that terrorism does not have a significant influence on the ecological footprint. However, foreign direct investment has a positive influence on the ecological footprint. These findings have implications for environmental sustainability and foreign direct investment inflows in the bloc investigated. More insights are discussed in the concluding section with policy caveats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Kılıç
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Economics, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Semanur Soyyiğit
- Kirklareli University, Department of Public Finance, Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Bayar
- Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Department of Public Finance, Balikesir-Turkey
| | - Festus Victor Bekun
- Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Research Center of Development Economics, Azerbaijan State University of Economics(UNEC), Istiqlaliyyat Str.6, Baku, 1001, Azerbaijan
- Adnan Kassar School of Business, Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Su D, Chen L, Wang J, Zhang H, Gao S, Sun Y, Zhang H, Yao J. Long- and short-term health benefits attributable to PM 2.5 constituents reductions from 2013 to 2021: A spatiotemporal analysis in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168184. [PMID: 37907103 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Long- and short-term exposure to constituents of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) substantially affects human health. However, assessments of the health and economic benefits of reducing PM2.5 constituents are scarce. This study estimates the number of premature deaths from all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and respiratory diseases avoided due to reductions in daily and annual average concentrations of PM2.5 constituents. The Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program was used for two scenarios: we used yearly concentrations of PM2.5 constituents from 2013 to 2020 as the baseline concentration surface (Scenario I), and 2021 as the baseline year (Scenario II). With reductions in daily and annual average concentrations of PM2.5 constituents, 309,099 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 37,265-571,485) and 195,297 (95 % CI: 178,192-211,914) premature deaths were avoided in Scenario I, respectively; meanwhile, 347,296 (95 % CI: 79,258-604,758) and 201,567 (95 % CI: 185,038-217,530) premature deaths were avoided in Scenario II, respectively. Moreover, economic benefits associated with the prevention of premature deaths were estimated using the willingness to pay (WTP) and modified human capital (AHC) methods. The total estimated economic benefits amounted to 563.32 billion RMB (WTP) and 322.03 billion RMB (AHC) in Scenario I. In Scenario II, the associated economic benefits were 751.48 billion RMB (WTP) and 427.56 billion RMB (AHC), accounting for 0.657 and 0.374 % of China's gross domestic product in 2021, respectively. Additionally, we analyzed the sensitivity of CVD-related premature deaths to the concentrations of PM2.5 constituents, and found that CVD-related premature deaths were more sensitive to black carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Su
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yanling Sun
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- Academy of Eco-civilization Development for Jing-Jin-Ji Megalopolis, China
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Al-Hazmi HE, Łuczak J, Habibzadeh S, Hasanin MS, Mohammadi A, Esmaeili A, Kim SJ, Khodadadi Yazdi M, Rabiee N, Badawi M, Saeb MR. Polysaccharide nanocomposites in wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140578. [PMID: 37939921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In modern times, wastewater treatment is vital due to increased water contamination arising from pollutants such as nutrients, pathogens, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical residues. Polysaccharides (PSAs) are natural, renewable, and non-toxic biopolymers used in wastewater treatment in the field of gas separation, liquid filtration, adsorption processes, pervaporation, and proton exchange membranes. Since addition of nanoparticles to PSAs improves their sustainability and strength, nanocomposite PSAs has gained significant attention for wastewater treatment in the past decade. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of PSA-based nanocomposites used for efficient wastewater treatment, focusing on adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane-based methods. It also discusses potential future applications, challenges, and opportunities in adsorption, filtration, and photocatalysis. Recently, PSAs have shown promise as adsorbents in biological-based systems, effectively removing heavy metals that could hinder microbial activity. Cellulose-mediated adsorbents have successfully removed various pollutants from wastewater, including heavy metals, dyes, oil, organic solvents, pesticides, and pharmaceutical residues. Thus, PSA nanocomposites would support biological processes in wastewater treatment plants. A major concern is the discharge of antibiotic wastes from pharmaceutical industries, posing significant environmental and health risks. PSA-mediated bio-adsorbents, like clay polymeric nanocomposite hydrogel beads, efficiently remove antibiotics from wastewater, ensuring water quality and ecosystem balance. The successful use of PSA-mediated bio-adsorbents in wastewater treatment depends on ongoing research to optimize their application and evaluate their potential environmental impacts. Implementing these eco-friendly adsorbents on a large scale holds great promise in significantly reducing water pollution, safeguarding ecosystems, and protecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Łuczak
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Surface Reaction and Advanced Energy Materials Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamed S Hasanin
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Amin Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering Technology, and Industrial Trades, College of the North Atlantic-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Seok-Jhin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States
| | - Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Division of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia; School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Michael Badawi
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Chu K, Liu Y, Hua Z, Lu Y, Ye F. Spatio-temporal distribution and dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes in a water-diversion lake, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119232. [PMID: 37832298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The distribution and dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water-diversion lakes are poorly understood. In this study, two comparative in situ investigations of ARG profiles targeting water diversion (DP) and non-diversion periods (NDP) were conducted in Luoma Lake, a vital transfer node for the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The results demonstrated significant spatiotemporal variations in ARG contamination and notable differences in the co-occurrence patterns of ARGs and bacterial communities between DP and NDP. Correlations among ARGs with the 16 S rRNA, and mobile genetic elements indicate that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and vertical gene transfer (VGT) in NDP, but only HGT in DP, were the primary mechanisms of ARG proliferation and spread, implying that water diversion could be an essential control of the transfer pattern of ARGs in a lake environment. The null model analysis indicated that stochastic processes, with predominant driver of ecological drift in the lake mainly drove the assembly of ARGs. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was developed to analyze the causal effects of the factors in shaping ARG dynamics and identify the major driving forces in the DP and NDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejian Chu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Zulin Hua
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Liyang, 213300, PR China
| | - Fuzhu Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
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Xiaoya S, Yingjun X, Liqun W, Zhizhong W. The interaction of obesity with susceptible gene polymorphisms in the relationship with mild cognitive impairment. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36262. [PMID: 38065904 PMCID: PMC10713165 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly is threatening the mental health of the elderly, and the interaction of some factors is worth exploring. This study aims to explore the interactions of obesity and gene polymorphisms in the relationship with MCI. A total of 2555 community resident dwellings include 444 participants who met MCI criteria recruited from the Ningxia province of China. Fourteen MCI-susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected using a high-throughput mass spectrometer. The interaction was examined by performing the multifactor dimensionality reduction model and unconditional logistic regression model. Logistic regression showed that obesity (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.04-1.94), rs2075650G allele carrying (OR = 17.95, 95%CI: 1.32-244.95), rs11556505T allele carrying (OR = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.87) were statistically associated with MCI. Multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed a strong antagonistic effect between obesity and rs4402960 (Interaction dendrogram between obesity and rs4402960 is red) and a weak synergy effect on rs7901695 (Interaction dendrogram between obesity and rs7901695 is green). The hierarchical analysis showed obesity is a risk factor for MCI in the non-rs4402960T allele carrier group (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.02-2.35). This study found that obesity is an independent risk factor for MCI, and the interactions with MCI-susceptible gene polymorphisms suggest a possible precision preventive intervention program should be developed to reduce the risk of MCI among individuals with obesity in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Xiaoya
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shenzhen Futian Center for Chronic Disease Control, Futian Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Yingjun
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shenzhen Futian Center for Chronic Disease Control, Futian Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Liqun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health at Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Wang Zhizhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Kehlenbrink S, Jobanputra K, Reddy A, Boulle P, Gomber A, Nugent R, Varma V, Nakayama AT, Ellman T. Diabetes Care in Humanitarian Settings. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:603-615. [PMID: 37865476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes in populations experiencing humanitarian crisis, along with evidence that people living with diabetes are at higher risk for poor outcomes in a crisis, diabetes care is not routinely included in humanitarian health interventions. We here describe 4 factors that have contributed to the inequities and lack of diabetes inclusion in humanitarian programmes: (1) evolving paradigms in humanitarian health care, (2) complexities of diabetes service provision in humanitarian settings, (3) social and cultural challenges, and (4) lack of financing. We also outline opportunities and possible interventions to address these challenges and improve diabetes care among crisis-affected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kehlenbrink
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB-2, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Kiran Jobanputra
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Chancery Exchange, Lower Ground Floor, 10 Furnival Street, London EC4A 1AB, UK
| | - Amulya Reddy
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Chancery Exchange, Lower Ground Floor, 10 Furnival Street, London EC4A 1AB, UK
| | - Philippa Boulle
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Route de Ferney 140, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Apoorva Gomber
- Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Center for Integration Science, 75 Francis Street, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Rachel Nugent
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue Northeast, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Vinod Varma
- The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Chemin du Pommier 40, 1218 Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna T Nakayama
- International Alliance for Diabetes Action, 101 South Hanley Road, Suite 800, Saint Louis, MO 63105, USA
| | - Tom Ellman
- Médecins Sans Frontières, 9th Floor, Zurich House, 70 Fox Street, Marshalltown, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa
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Zhou C, Wang Q. Effect of the characteristic town policy on sewage treatment in mountainous areas: Evidence from Chongqing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22830. [PMID: 38058456 PMCID: PMC10696194 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China highlighted the necessity of advancing a new type of urbanization with people at the core. Characteristic towns as an essential link between new urbanization and rural revitalization attach great importance to creating a beautiful environment. Sewage treatment is an indispensable foundation for a town's high-quality economic and social development; however, it may be hard to achieve through urban construction. Therefore, using data from 584 organic towns in Chongqing, a typical mountainous city in western China, this study empirically analyzes the effect of the characteristic town policy in China on mountainous sewage treatment and its mechanisms from 2014 to 2020. The results indicate that (1) the characteristic town policy helps enhance sewage treatment in small towns, which remains valid after a series of robustness tests. (2) Investment and human resource effects are mediators for the characteristic town policy to boost sewage treatment in small towns. Further analyses reveal that the boosting effect of the characteristic town policy on small-town sewage treatment is more significant for small towns with higher economic development levels suffering ecological and environmental pressures. These findings provide a basis for a broad recognition of the effect of the characteristic town policy and its impact. They also theoretically enrich the awareness of the Chinese government's urbanization policy concerning the economy and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, 400031, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, 400031, China
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40
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Zhang S, Yang H, Wang M, Mantovani D, Yang K, Witte F, Tan L, Yue B, Qu X. Immunomodulatory biomaterials against bacterial infections: Progress, challenges, and future perspectives. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100503. [PMID: 37732016 PMCID: PMC10507240 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Even with the use of multiple antibiotic treatment strategies, 4.95 million people died from drug-resistant bacterial infections in 2019. By 2050, the number of deaths will reach 10 million annually. The increasing mortality may be partly due to bacterial heterogeneity in the infection microenvironment, such as drug-resistant bacteria, biofilms, persister cells, intracellular bacteria, and small colony variants. In addition, the complexity of the immune microenvironment at different stages of infection makes biomaterials with direct antimicrobial activity unsatisfactory for the long-term treatment of chronic bacterial infections. The increasing mortality may be partly attributed to the biomaterials failing to modulate the active antimicrobial action of immune cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective alternatives to treat bacterial infections. Accordingly, the development of immunomodulatory antimicrobial biomaterials has recently received considerable interest; however, a comprehensive review of their research progress is lacking. In this review, we focus mainly on the research progress and future perspectives of immunomodulatory antimicrobial biomaterials used at different stages of infection. First, we describe the characteristics of the immune microenvironment in the acute and chronic phases of bacterial infections. Then, we highlight the immunomodulatory strategies for antimicrobial biomaterials at different stages of infection and their corresponding advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, we discuss biomaterial-mediated bacterial vaccines' potential applications and challenges for activating innate and adaptive immune memory. This review will serve as a reference for future studies to develop next-generation immunomodulatory biomaterials and accelerate their translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hongtao Yang
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Minqi Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Frank Witte
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charite Medical University, Assmannshauser Strasse 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lili Tan
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xinhua Qu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
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Percival V, Thoms OT, Oppenheim B, Rowlands D, Chisadza C, Fewer S, Yamey G, Alexander AC, Allaham CL, Causevic S, Daudelin F, Gloppen S, Guha-Sapir D, Hadaf M, Henderson S, Hoffman SJ, Langer A, Lebbos TJ, Leomil L, Lyytikäinen M, Malhotra A, Mkandawire P, Norris HA, Ottersen OP, Phillips J, Rawet S, Salikova A, Shekh Mohamed I, Zazai G, Halonen T, Kyobutungi C, Bhutta ZA, Friberg P. The Lancet Commission on peaceful societies through health equity and gender equality. Lancet 2023; 402:1661-1722. [PMID: 37689077 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Percival
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Wilson Center, Washington DC, USA.
| | - Oskar T Thoms
- Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Oppenheim
- Ginkgo Bioworks, Boston, MA, USA; New York University Center on International Cooperation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dane Rowlands
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn Chisadza
- Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sara Fewer
- Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gavin Yamey
- Center for Policy Impact in Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy C Alexander
- Quality of Government Institute, Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chloe L Allaham
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Causevic
- Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - François Daudelin
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Siri Gloppen
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; LawTransform, CMI-UiB Centre on Law and Social Transformation, Bergen, Norway
| | - Debarati Guha-Sapir
- Institute of Health and Society, UC Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maseh Hadaf
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel Henderson
- Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ana Langer
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Toni Joe Lebbos
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Luiz Leomil
- Department of Political Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Anju Malhotra
- Center for Women's Health and Gender Equality, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Mkandawire
- Human Rights and Social Justice Program, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Holly A Norris
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Office of the President, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jason Phillips
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sigrún Rawet
- Department for Multilateral Development Banks, Sustainability and Climate, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Idil Shekh Mohamed
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ghazal Zazai
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; The Institute for Global Health and Development, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; SickKids Centre for Global Child Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Friberg
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fatema K, Rony MAH, Azam S, Mukta MSH, Karim A, Hasan MZ, Jonkman M. Development of an automated optimal distance feature-based decision system for diagnosing knee osteoarthritis using segmented X-ray images. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21703. [PMID: 38027947 PMCID: PMC10665756 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a leading cause of disability and physical inactivity. It is a degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage, cushions the bones, and protects them from rubbing against each other during motion. If not treated early, it may lead to knee replacement. In this regard, early diagnosis of KOA is necessary for better treatment. Nevertheless, manual KOA detection is time-consuming and error-prone for large data hubs. In contrast, an automated detection system aids the specialist in diagnosing KOA grades accurately and quickly. So, the main objective of this study is to create an automated decision system that can analyze KOA and classify the severity grades, utilizing the extracted features from segmented X-ray images. In this study, two different datasets were collected from the Mendeley and Kaggle database and combined to generate a large data hub containing five classes: Grade 0 (Healthy), Grade 1 (Doubtful), Grade 2 (Minimal), Grade 3 (Moderate), and Grade 4 (Severe). Several image processing techniques were employed to segment the region of interest (ROI). These included Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-Cam) to detect the ROI, cropping the ROI portion, applying histogram equalization (HE) to improve contrast, brightness, and image quality, and noise reduction (using Otsu thresholding, inverting the image, and morphological closing). Besides, the focus filtering method was utilized to eliminate unwanted images. Then, six feature sets (morphological, GLCM, statistical, texture, LBP, and proposed features) were generated from segmented ROIs. After evaluating the statistical significance of the features and selection methods, the optimal feature set (prominent six distance features) was selected, and five machine learning (ML) models were employed. Additionally, a decision-making strategy based on the six optimal features is proposed. The XGB model outperformed other models with a 99.46 % accuracy, using six distance features, and the proposed decision-making strategy was validated by testing 30 images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaniz Fatema
- Health Informatics Research Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Md Awlad Hossen Rony
- Health Informatics Research Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Sami Azam
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Md Saddam Hossain Mukta
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Karim
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Md Zahid Hasan
- Health Informatics Research Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Mirjam Jonkman
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
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Yu K, Hao L, Bu F, Guo Y, Duan Y, Hu R, Lu J, Li P. Knowledge structure and emerging trends of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation: A bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer from 2000 to 2022. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34776. [PMID: 37800755 PMCID: PMC10552981 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper implements a bibliometric approach to investigate the research hotspots and future research directions in the relevant field literature. It also offers research ideas and methods for preventing and treating cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation in the clinical setting. The evolution of various clusters in the field is summarized through Citespace's projection function for keywords in the literature. CiteSpace and Vosviewer are utilized to analyze and visualize the attributes of the articles, including number of publications, citation frequency, country/region, institution, journal, authors, keywords, and references, from the 2280 publications obtained. A total of 2280 publications were collected, with the number of papers and citations in the field continuously increasing year by year. The most influential country in this field is the United States, and the University of Washington is the most influential institution. The most authoritative journal in the field is identified as SLEEP. Sleep deprivation, prefrontal cortex, and performance are the current topics of interest. The article with the strongest citation burst, lasting from 2015 to 2018, is "Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain." The most influential article and co-cited reference, "Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Deprivation," highlights that sleep deprivation from various causes may lead to cognitive impairment. Future research should investigate all forms of cognitive impairment resulting from sleep deprivation. The findings of this study will assist researchers in improving their knowledge structure, identifying research hotspots, and revealing future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
- Urology Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fan Bu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuanzhi Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yaqi Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Urology Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Ji Lu
- Urology Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
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Ham AS, Traore M, Othon GC, Conde ML, Lamine TM, Djigué BS, Kaba C, Karinka D, Idrissa D, Idrissa C, Diallo D, Duan R, Rice DR, Cisse FA, Mateen FJ. Improvement in health perception but not quality of life with an antiseizure medication intervention in people with epilepsy in Guinea: A cohort study. Seizure 2023; 111:30-35. [PMID: 37506562 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assesses perceptions of quality of life (QOL) and overall health in people with epilepsy (PWE) in Guinea after a clinical intervention providing modified and new antiseizure medicine (ASM) regimens. METHODS Participants 12 years and older diagnosed with active epilepsy were prospectively and consecutively enrolled at two health centers in the Republic of Guinea (one urban, one rural) in 2022. 95% of participants were prescribed new/increased ASM doses, and interviewed for QOL and overall health perceptions at enrollment and three- and six-month follow ups. Univariate and linear mixed models were used to evaluate effects on QOL and overall health over time. RESULTS The mean QOLIE-31 score (±SD) among 148 Guinean PWE (82 male, 66 female; mean age 27.3; 137 with >1 seizure in prior year) was 51.7 ± 12.8 at enrollment, 57.6 ± 16.0 after three months (n = 116), and 52.2 ± 9.9 after six months (n = 87). Overall health scores were 53.1 ± 26.9, 72.6 ± 21.5, and 65.7 ± 20.2 respectively. After three months, PWE had improved overall health and QOLIE-31 scores (p<0.0001, p = 0.003), but these improvements persisted for overall health and not QOLIE-31 after six months (p = 0.001, p = 0.63). Seizure freedom (prior 30 days) was 26% initially, and 62 (42%) of the remaining PWE experiencing seizures achieved seizure freedom at either the first or second follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS A noticeable discrepancy exists between Guinean PWE's self-rated perceptions of QOL and overall health. Purely clinical interventions may not be sufficient to improve QOL, especially in people that experience severe, previously-untreated epilepsy in lower income settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Traore
- National Ignace Deen Hospital, University of Conakry, Guinea
| | | | | | | | | | - Condé Kaba
- National Ignace Deen Hospital, University of Conakry, Guinea
| | - Diawara Karinka
- National Ignace Deen Hospital, University of Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Camara Idrissa
- National Ignace Deen Hospital, University of Conakry, Guinea
| | - Djenabou Diallo
- National Ignace Deen Hospital, University of Conakry, Guinea
| | - Rui Duan
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Farrah J Mateen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Akselrod S, Collins TE, Berlina D, Collins A, Allen LN. The impact of UN high-level meetings on non-communicable disease funding and policy implementation. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:e012186. [PMID: 37907235 PMCID: PMC10619094 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the original UN General Assembly 'special session' for HIV/AIDS, there has been a proliferation of health-related high-level meetings (HLMs), including three for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and a 2019 HLM on universal health coverage that was closely aligned to the NCD framework. This paper attempts to assess the impact of these meetings in terms of funding allocations, domestic NCD policy implementation, as well as the level of international engagement with the HLMs by reviewing attendance data and records of statements ('interventions') made by country delegations. In contrast to HIV/AIDS, whilst NCDs have enjoyed a marked rise in international political exposure and high-level political commitments, these have not always translated into national policy implementation or greater funding allocations. This is true even for countries that have engaged most deeply with HLMs. These findings should give pause to NCD advocacy groups that expend substantial energy in calling for further high-level political commitments and highlight the need to focus support on the translation of commitments into sustainably funded action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daria Berlina
- Global NCD Platform, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Amy Collins
- Healthcare Without Harm, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Luke N Allen
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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46
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Zhao W, Irfan M. Does healthy city construction facilitate green growth in China? Evidence from 279 cities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:102772-102789. [PMID: 37672158 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
In the face of the challenge of balancing urban economic development and environmental protection, the concept of a healthy city has emerged as a promising model for sustainable urban development. This study empirically investigates the impact of healthy city construction on green growth by utilizing a difference-in-difference model estimation on a panel dataset of 279 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2019. The findings reveal that healthy city construction significantly contributes to green growth, particularly in pilot cities, and this effect is observed across cities of different sizes and economic bases. Additionally, we identify two channels through which healthy city construction promotes green growth: enhancing innovation capacity and enriching human resources. These findings have implications not only for Chinese cities navigating the path towards green growth but also for other developing nations striving for economic transformation and environmentally sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhao
- School of Economics and Management, Xiamen University Malaysia, Office No. A2-464, Jalan Sunsuria, 43900, Sunsuria City-Sepang, Selangoor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Economics and Management, Xiamen University Malaysia, Office No. A2-464, Jalan Sunsuria, 43900, Sunsuria City-Sepang, Selangoor, Malaysia.
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Pradhan G, Meena RS. Utilizing waste compost to improve the atmospheric CO 2 capturing in the rice-wheat cropping system and energy-cum‑carbon credit auditing for a circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 892:164572. [PMID: 37295532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to manage industrial wastes and create a module for using compost from waste for crops cultivation to conserve energy, reduce fertilizer use and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and improve the atmospheric CO2 capturing in agriculture for a green economy. In the main-plot, the experiment's results using NS3 found 50.1 and 41.8 % more grain yield and total carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in the wheat-rice cropping sequence, respectively, compared to the NS0. Moreover, the treatment CW + TV in the sub-plot observed 24.0 and 20.3 % higher grain yield and total CO2 sequestration than B + PS. Based on interaction, the NS3× CW + TV resulted in a maximum total CO2 sequestration and C credit of 47.5 Mg ha-1 and US$ 1899 ha-1, respectively. Further, it was 27.9 % lower in carbon footprints (CFs) than NS1 × B + PS. Regarding another parameter, the treatment NS3 observed a 42.4 % more total energy output in the main-plot than that of NS0. Further, in the sub-plot, the treatment CW + TV produced 21.3 % more total energy output than B + PS. Energy use efficiency (EUE) and net energy return in the interaction of NS3× CW + TV were 20.5 and 138.8 % greater than the NS0 × B + PS, respectively. In the main-plot, the treatment NS3 obtained a maximum of 585.0 MJ US$-1 and US$ 0.24 MJ-1 for energy intensity in economic terms (EIET) and eco-efficiency index in terms of energy (EEIe), respectively. While in the sub-plot, the CW + TV was observed at a maximum of 571.52 MJ US$-1 and US$ 0.23 MJ-1 EIET and EEIe, respectively. The correlation and regression study showed a perfect positive correlation between grain yield and total C output. Moreover, a high positive correlation (0.75 to 1) was found with all other energy parameters for grain energy use efficiency (GEUE). The variability in the wheat-rice cropping sequence's energy profitability (EPr) was 53.7 % for human energy profitability (HEP). Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the eigenvalues of the first two principal components (PCs) had been greater than two, explaining 78.4 and 13.7 % of the variability. The experiment hypothesis was to develop a reliable technology for safely using industrial waste compost, minimizing energy consumption and CO2 emissions by reducing chemical fertilizer input in agriculture soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourisankar Pradhan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP 221 005, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Meena
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP 221 005, India.
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Aulakh K, Roul RK, Kaushal M. E-learning enhancement through educational data mining with Covid-19 outbreak period in backdrop: A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 2023; 101:102814. [PMID: 37255844 PMCID: PMC10196156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
E-learning is fast becoming an integral part of the teaching- learning process, particularly after the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic. Educational institutions across the globe are striving to enhance their e-learning instructional mechanism in accordance with the aspirations of present-day students who are widely using numerous technological tools - computers, tablets, mobiles, and Internet for educational purposes. In the wake of the evident incorporation of e-learning into the educational process, research related to the application of Educational Data Mining (EDM) techniques for enhancing e-learning systems has gained significance in recent times. The various data mining techniques applied by researchers to study hidden trends or patterns in educational data can provide valuable insights for educational institutions in terms of making the learning process adaptive to student needs. The insights can help the institutions achieve their ultimate goal of improving student academic performance in technology-assisted learning systems of the modern world. This review paper aims to comprehend EDM's role in enhancing e-learning environments with reference to commonly-used techniques, along with student performance prediction, the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on e-learning and priority e-learning focus areas in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kudratdeep Aulakh
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | | | - Manisha Kaushal
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Rabiee N, Sharma R, Foorginezhad S, Jouyandeh M, Asadnia M, Rabiee M, Akhavan O, Lima EC, Formela K, Ashrafizadeh M, Fallah Z, Hassanpour M, Mohammadi A, Saeb MR. Green and Sustainable Membranes: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116133. [PMID: 37209981 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Membranes are ubiquitous tools for modern water treatment technology that critically eliminate hazardous materials such as organic, inorganic, heavy metals, and biomedical pollutants. Nowadays, nano-membranes are of particular interest for myriad applications such as water treatment, desalination, ion exchange, ion concentration control, and several kinds of biomedical applications. However, this state-of-the-art technology suffers from some drawbacks, e.g., toxicity and fouling of contaminants, which makes the synthesis of green and sustainable membranes indeed safety-threatening. Typically, sustainability, non-toxicity, performance optimization, and commercialization are concerns centered on manufacturing green synthesized membranes. Thus, critical issues related to toxicity, biosafety, and mechanistic aspects of green-synthesized nano-membranes have to be systematically and comprehensively reviewed and discussed. Herein we evaluate various aspects of green nano-membranes in terms of their synthesis, characterization, recycling, and commercialization aspects. Nanomaterials intended for nano-membrane development are classified in view of their chemistry/synthesis, advantages, and limitations. Indeed, attaining prominent adsorption capacity and selectivity in green-synthesized nano-membranes requires multi-objective optimization of a number of materials and manufacturing parameters. In addition, the efficacy and removal performance of green nano-membranes are analyzed theoretically and experimentally to provide researchers and manufacturers with a comprehensive image of green nano-membrane efficiency under real environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia; Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Iran.
| | - Rajni Sharma
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Sahar Foorginezhad
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia; Lulea University of Technology, Department of Energy Science and Mathematics, Energy Science, 97187, Lulea, Sweden
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Iran
| | - Eder C Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Krzysztof Formela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdánsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdánsk, Poland
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery and Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zari Fallah
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, P. O. Box 47416, 95447, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Hassanpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Abbas Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdánsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdánsk, Poland
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Mori Y, Miyatake N, Suzuki H, Mori Y, Okada S, Tanimoto K. Comparison of Impressions of COVID-19 Vaccination and Influenza Vaccination in Japan by Analyzing Social Media Using Text Mining. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1327. [PMID: 37631895 PMCID: PMC10458112 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare impressions of COVID-19 vaccination and influenza vaccination in Japan by analyzing social media (Twitter®) using a text-mining method. We obtained 10,000 tweets using the keywords "corona vaccine" and "influenza vaccine" on 15 December 2022 and 19 February 2023. We then counted the number of times the words were used and listed frequency of these words by a text-mining method called KH Coder. We also investigated concepts in the data using groups of words that often appeared together or groups of documents that contained the same words using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). "Death" in relation to corona vaccine and "severe disease" for influenza vaccine were frequently used on 15 December 2022. The number of times the word "death" was used decreased, "after effect" was newly recognized for corona vaccine, and "severe disease" was not used in relation to influenza vaccine. Through this comprehensive analysis of social media data, we observed distinct variations in public perceptions of corona vaccination and influenza vaccination in Japan. These findings provide valuable insights for public health authorities and policymakers to better understand public sentiment and tailor their communication strategies accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Mori
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki 761-0793, Japan; (N.M.); (H.S.)
- Sakaide City Hospital, Sakaide 762-8550, Japan; (S.O.); (K.T.)
| | - Nobuyuki Miyatake
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki 761-0793, Japan; (N.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiromi Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki 761-0793, Japan; (N.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Yuka Mori
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Setsuo Okada
- Sakaide City Hospital, Sakaide 762-8550, Japan; (S.O.); (K.T.)
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