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Xue L, Bocharova M, Young AH, Aarsland D. Cognitive improvement in late-life depression treated with vortioxetine and duloxetine in an eight-week randomized controlled trial: The role of age at first onset and change in depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:74-81. [PMID: 38838790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age at first onset of depression as a clinical factor affecting cognitive improvement in late life depression was investigated. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of an eight-week randomized controlled trial involving 452 elderly patients treated by vortioxetine, duloxetine or placebo (1:1:1). Patients were subcategorized into early-onset (LLD-EO) and late-onset (LLD-LO) groups divided by onset age of 50. Cognitive performance was assessed by composite score of Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) tasks, while depressive symptoms were assessed by Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). RESULTS Vortioxetine and duloxetine exhibited advantages versus placebo in improving cognitive performance in the LLD-LO group, yet not in the LLD-EO group after eight weeks. Patients in the LLD-EO group showed overall advantage to placebo in depressive symptoms before endpoint (week 8) of treatment, while patients in the LLO-LO group showed no advantage until endpoint. Path analysis suggested a direct effect of vortioxetine (B = 0.656, p = .036) and duloxetine (B = 0.726, p = .028) on improving cognition in the LLD-LO group, yet in all-patients treated set both medications improved cognition indirectly through changes of depressive symptoms. LIMITATION Reliability of clinical history could raise caution as it was collected by subjective recall of patients. CONCLUSION Age at first onset might affect cognitive improvement as well as change in depressive symptoms and its mediation towards cognitive improvement in late life depression treated with vortioxetine and duloxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xue
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Mariia Bocharova
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Allan H Young
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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Göke K, McClintock SM, Mah L, Rajji TK, Lee HH, Nestor SM, Downar J, Noda Y, Daskalakis ZJ, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM. Cognitive Profiles in Treatment-Resistant Late-Life Depression and their Impact on Treatment Outcomes. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00197-6. [PMID: 39053577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with cognitive impairment, yet substantial heterogeneity exists among patients. Data on the extent of cognitive impairments is inconclusive, particularly in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). We investigated the cognitive profiles of patients with treatment-resistant vs. nonresistant LLD and aimed to identify distinct cognitive subgroups. Additionally, we examined whether cognitive subgroups differentially responded to treatment with bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). METHODS 165 patients with LLD were divided into treatment-resistant and nonresistant groups and compared to healthy controls (HC) on measures of executive function, information processing speed, verbal learning, and memory. Cluster analysis identified subgroups based on cognitive scores. Demographic and clinical variables, as well as outcomes with bilateral rTMS, were compared between cognitive subgroups. RESULTS Patients with LLD, particularly TRD, exhibited significantly worse cognitive performance than HC. A three-cluster solution was found, including "Cognitively Intact" (n = 89), "Cognitively Diminished" (n = 29), and "Impaired Memory" (n = 47) subgroups. Both the "Cognitively Diminished" and "Impaired Memory" subgroups had more anxiety symptoms and a higher proportion of patients with TRD than the "Cognitively Intact" group, though the latter did not survive multiple comparison correction. No significant differences were observed in outcomes to rTMS treatment. CONCLUSIONS Patients with LLD exhibited impairments across cognitive domains, which were more pronounced in TRD. Three identified cognitive subgroups responded similarly to rTMS treatment, indicating its effectiveness across cognitive profiles, especially when medications are not tolerated. Future research should examine the relationship among cognitive subgroups, cognitive decline, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Göke
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto
| | - Shawn M McClintock
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Linda Mah
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hyewon H Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sean M Nestor
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Downar
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego Health, California, United States
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Takele MD, Belay GJ, Kassa T, Merawie DM, Zinabu FS, Cherkos K, Eriku GA, Kibret AK, Chanie ST. Burden of depression and its associated factors among older people living in Gondar town, Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38952219 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2372056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression is one of the main causes of disability worldwide and makes a major contribution to the global disease burden, especially in developing countries. It is also one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the older people and a significant risk factor for both disability and death. Despite the fact that little research has been done on it among those who live in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Ethiopia, the aim of this study was to fill the above-mentioned gap among older people. METHOD A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023. A total of 607 older people were included using the multistage sampling technique. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to assess depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale item 15 with a cut-off ≥5. For statistical analysis, the binary logistic regression model was employed. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 72.45 (SD ±9.08) years. The prevalence of depression was found to be 45%. Age 80 years and above, 70-79 years, widowed, retired, known chronic disease, and poor social support were associated factors with depression. CONCLUSION Compared to other studies conducted in different regions of Ethiopia, the prevalence of depression in this study was found to be high, at 45%. The results of this study may be taken as providing health professionals, health policymakers, and other pertinent stakeholders' early warning signs and guidance on how to take efficient control measures and conduct periodic monitoring among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Dejen Takele
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Jember Belay
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfa Kassa
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Destaw Marie Merawie
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fiseha Sefiwu Zinabu
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Cherkos
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Azeze Eriku
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Kassaw Kibret
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Teferi Chanie
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Marawi T, Zhukovsky P, Brooks H, Bowie CR, Butters MA, Fischer CE, Flint AJ, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL, Mah L, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Voineskos AN, Mulsant BH. Heterogeneity of Cognition in Older Adults with Remitted Major Depressive Disorder: A Latent Profile Analysis. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 32:867-878. [PMID: 38403532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2024.01.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify data-driven cognitive profiles in older adults with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and examine how the profiles differ regarding demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures. DESIGN Secondary cross-sectional analysis using latent profile analysis. SETTING Multisite clinical trial in Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy-eight participants who met DSM-5 criteria for rMDD without MCI (rMDD-MCI; n = 60) or with MCI (rMDD + MCI; n = 118). MEASUREMENTS Demographic, clinical, neuroimaging measures, and domain scores from a neuropsychological battery assessing verbal memory, visuospatial memory, processing speed, working memory, language, and executive function. RESULTS We identified three latent profiles: Profile 1 (poor cognition; n = 75, 42.1%), Profile 2 (intermediate cognition; n = 75, 42.1%), and Profile 3 (normal cognition; n = 28, 15.7%). Compared to participants with Profile 3, those with Profile 1 or 2 were older, had lower education, experienced a greater burden of medical comorbidities, and were more likely to have MCI. The profiles did not differ on the severity of residual symptoms, age of onset of rMDD, number of depressive episodes, psychotropic medication, cerebrovascular risk, ApoE4 carrier status, or family history of depression, dementia, or Alzheimer's disease. The profiles differed in cortical thickness of 15 regions, with the most prominent effects for left precentral and pars opercularis, and right inferior parietal and supramarginal. CONCLUSION Older patients with rMDD can be grouped cross-sectionally based on data-driven cognitive profiles that differ from the absence or presence of a diagnosis of MCI. Future research should determine the differential risk for dementia of these data-driven subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulip Marawi
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Zhukovsky
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Brooks
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry (CRB), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry (MAB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science (CEF), St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Mental Health (AJF), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (NH, KLL), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (NH, KLL), Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (NH, KLL), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (NH, KLL), Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (LM), Baycrest Health Services, Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (TKR, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Institute of Medical Science (TM, CEF, AJF, NH, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (TM, PZ, HB, CRB, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (CEF, AJF, NH, KLL, LM, BGP, TKR, ANV, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (TKR, BHM), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Breneman CB, Valmas MM, Skalina LM, Cypel Y, Spiro A, Frayne SM, Magruder KM, Kilbourne AM, Kimerling R, Reinhard MJ. Mental Health and Cognition in Women Veterans Enrolled in the Health of Vietnam Era Veteran Women's Study (HealthViEWS). J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2024. [PMID: 38913339 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This analysis explored relationships between mental health symptoms and conditions and cognitive function in a cohort of Vietnam-era women veterans from the Health of Vietnam Era Veteran Women's Study (HealthViEWS). Methods: Vietnam-era women veterans completed a mail survey assessing self-reported symptom severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. A telephone-based structured interview assessed mental health conditions and cognitive function (telephone interview for cognitive status [TICS]). Participants were categorized using a TICS threshold of ≤29 to designate possible cognitive impairment versus nonimpaired. Separate logistic regression models were used to determine associations between possible cognitive impairment and each self-reported and interviewer-rated assessment of PTSD and depression while adjusting for age, education, race, marital status, and wartime service location. Results: The sample consisted of 4,077 women veterans who were ≥60 years old and completed the TICS. Of these women, 7.20% were categorized with possible cognitive impairment. Logistic regression models indicated that self-reported PTSD and depression symptom severity were each significantly associated with higher odds of possible cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratios [aOR]: 1.03 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.04] and 1.07 [95% CI: 1.04-1.09], respectively). Women veterans with a probable diagnosis of depression had higher odds of possible cognitive impairment compared to those without depression (aOR: 1.61 [95% CI: 1.07-2.42]). No association was found for probable diagnosis of PTSD. Conclusions: Although further examination remains necessary, results suggest that Vietnam-era women veterans with self-reported PTSD and depression symptom severity or a probable diagnosis of depression may benefit from screening of cognitive function to inform clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity B Breneman
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Mary M Valmas
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Lauren M Skalina
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Yasmin Cypel
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Avron Spiro
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry, Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan M Frayne
- National Center for PTSD and VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kathryn M Magruder
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Public Health, Medical University of SC, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Amy M Kilbourne
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rachel Kimerling
- National Center for PTSD and VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Matthew J Reinhard
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Harrington EE, Gamaldo AA, Felt JM, Witzel DD, Sliwinski MJ, Murdock KW, Engeland CG, Graham-Engeland JE. Racial differences in links between perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, and ambulatory working memory. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38738650 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2351923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perceived discrimination is associated with racial cognitive health disparities. Links between discrimination and cognitive performance, like working memory, in everyday settings (i.e. ambulatory performance) require investigation. Depressive symptoms may be a mechanism through which discrimination relates to ambulatory working memory. METHOD Discrimination, retrospective and momentary depressive symptoms/mood, and aggregated and momentary working memory performance among older Black and White adults were examined within the Einstein Aging Study. RESULTS Racially stratified analyses revealed that discrimination did not relate to Black or White adults' ambulatory working memory. Among Black adults, however, more frequent discrimination was associated with greater retrospectively reported depressive symptoms, which related to more working memory errors across two weeks (indirect effect p < 0.05). This path was not significant among White adults. Links between discrimination and momentary working memory were not explained by momentary reports of depressed mood for Black or White adults. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms may play an important role in the link between discrimination and ambulatory working memory among Black adults across extended measurements, but not at the momentary level. Future research should address ambulatory cognition and momentary reports of discrimination and depression to better understand how to minimize cognitive health disparities associated with discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Harrington
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | | | - John M Felt
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Dakota D Witzel
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kyle W Murdock
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Christopher G Engeland
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Ross and Carol, Nese College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Graham-Engeland
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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7
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Cecchini V, Agahi N. Does losing family members in midlife matter for late-life mental and cognitive health? A longitudinal study of older Swedes spanning 30 years. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38644675 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2341877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental and cognitive health is crucial to ensure well-being in older age. However, prolonged periods of stress, grief, and bereavement might compromise mental health balance, leading to profound changes. This study investigated the sex-stratified associations between midlife bereavement experiences (e.g. sibling loss, spousal loss, and multiple losses) and late-life depression (LLD) and cognitive impairment. METHOD Linked data from the Swedish Level-of-Living Survey and the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) were used. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between midlife bereavement and LLD (n = 1078) and cognitive impairment (n = 995), separately. RESULTS Sibling loss and multiple losses in midlife were associated with lower odds of LLD, especially among women. Among men, sibling loss in midlife was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment, while the experience of two losses among women suggested an increased (but non-significant) risk of cognitive impairment. Interaction analyses did not show significant effects between bereavement and gender on LLD and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Midlife bereavement might have gendered implications on LLD and cognitive impairment, but associations need to be confirmed by well-powered studies. Further research is warranted to elucidate the association between multiple midlife losses and reduced LLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cecchini
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neda Agahi
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Hao H, Kim M. Moderating role of depression in the association between leisure activity and cognitive function among the disabled older people. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1345699. [PMID: 38680930 PMCID: PMC11045938 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study delves into the complex interaction between leisure activities and cognitive function in older people with disabilities, with a particular emphasis on the moderating influence of depression. Despite the well-documented cognitive benefits of leisure activities among the older people, the intricate relationship between depression and the association between leisure activities and cognitive function in this specific demographic has been rarely reported. Methods Drawing on data from the 2017-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), this study meticulously examined a cohort of 713 participants aged 65-89 years. We constructed a moderation model to examine the impact of leisure activity on cognitive function in older people with disabilities, with depression levels as a moderating variable. Results We found a positive association between engagement in leisure activities and cognitive function, highlighting the potential cognitive advantages associated with leisure engagement among disabled older people. However, the present analysis also reveals a significant moderation effect of depression on this relationship, shedding light on the nuanced nature of this association. Specifically, elevated levels of depression emerge as a critical moderator, attenuating the otherwise favorable impact of leisure activities on cognitive function among older people contending with disabilities. Conclusion In conclusion, the findings provide a compelling rationale for tailored interventions that comprehensively target both leisure activity engagement and concurrent depression management, effectively fostering improvements in cognitive function among the cohort of disabled older people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miok Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Amer SAAM, Fouad AM, El-Samahy M, Anan M, Saati AA, Sarhan AA, Alalfy SA, Tawfik MY. Cognitive function and work resilience of healthcare professionals: A comparative cross-sectional study. J Family Community Med 2024; 31:153-159. [PMID: 38800795 PMCID: PMC11114877 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_304_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare professionals (HCPs) face a variety of work-related stressors that have impact on their mental health and cognitive performance. Work resilience is a psychological resource that helps workers cope with stress and prevents unfavorable psychological impact. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between working as HCPs and cognitive function as well as work resilience. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among HCPs at Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during April 2023 to August 2023. Two hundred and thirty-five HCPs and 107 administrative employees (Admins) were invited to participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic and other relavent data. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination test; work resilience was assessed with the Brief Resilience Scale; and psychological distress was measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21-items (DASS-21) scale. Statistical significance was determined by Mann Whitney U-test for continuous variables, and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact, as appropriate, for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to determine associations between the main outcomes (cognitive impairment and low resilience) and the main covariate (working as HCPs vs. Admins), adjusting for all potential confounders. RESULTS HCPs showed a significantly greater cognitive impairment, less resilience, and DASS-21 than the Admins. The odds of impaired cognitive function in HCPs were significantly higher than the Admins (odds ratio [OR]: 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-15.67, P = 0.020), adjusted for all potential covariates. Similarly, the odds of low resilience in HCPs were significantly higher than Admins (OR: 5.81, 95% CI: 2.72-12.44, P < 0.001), adjusted for all potential covariates. However, the adjusted association between impaired cognitive function and low resilience was not statistically significant (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.23-1.33, P = 0.185). CONCLUSION HCPs had significantly impaired cognitive function and low work resilience. Workplace policies and interventions to control depression, stress, and anxiety are required as it is the encouragement of physical activity. Programs that combine positive coping skills training (e.g., relaxation training, positive thinking, and problem solving) with resilience-building interventions (e.g., taking a proactive approach to solving problems, being flexible and adaptive) should be developed, with special attention to HCPs who have a higher sense of self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A. A. M. Amer
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Fouad
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Maha Anan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Saati
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas A. Sarhan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar A. Alalfy
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mirella Y. Tawfik
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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10
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Ainsworth NJ, Marawi T, Maslej MM, Blumberger DM, McAndrews MP, Perivolaris A, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Mulsant BH. Cognitive Outcomes After Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy for Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:234-245. [PMID: 38321915 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors evaluated whether treatment of late-life depression (LLD) with antidepressants leads to changes in cognitive function. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of antidepressant pharmacotherapy for adults age 50 or older (or mean age of 65 or older) with LLD was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo were searched through December 31, 2022. The primary outcome was a change on cognitive test scores from baseline to after treatment. Secondary outcomes included the effects of specific medications and the associations between changes in depressive symptoms and cognitive test scores. Participants with bipolar disorder, psychotic depression, dementia, or neurological disease were excluded. Findings from all eligible studies were synthesized at a descriptive level, and a random-effects model was used to pool the results for meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included. Thirteen of 19 studies showed an improvement on at least one cognitive test after antidepressant pharmacotherapy, with the most robust evidence for the memory and learning (nine of 16 studies) and processing speed (seven of 10 studies) domains and for sertraline (all five studies). Improvements in depressive symptoms were associated with improvement in cognitive test scores in six of seven relevant studies. The meta-analysis (eight studies; N=493) revealed a statistically significant overall improvement in memory and learning (five studies: effect size=0.254, 95% CI=0.103-0.404, SE=0.077); no statistically significant changes were seen in other cognitive domains. The evaluated risk of publication bias was low. CONCLUSION Antidepressant pharmacotherapy of LLD appears to improve certain domains of cognitive function, particularly memory and learning. This effect may be mediated by an improvement in depressive symptoms. Studies comparing individuals receiving pharmacotherapy with untreated control participants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Ainsworth
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Tulip Marawi
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Marta M Maslej
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Mary Pat McAndrews
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Argyrios Perivolaris
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto (Ainsworth, Marawi, Maslej, Blumberger, Pollock, Rajji, Mulsant); Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Ainsworth, Blumberger, Pollock, Mulsant), Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Marawi, Perivolaris), and Department of Psychology (McAndrews), University of Toronto, Toronto; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto (McAndrews); Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (Perivolaris); Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto (Rajji)
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11
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Lugtenburg A, Zuidersma M, Rius Ottenheim N, Rhebergen D, Oude Voshaar RC. Age-related subtypes of late life depression and mortality: A prospective clinical cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6064. [PMID: 38342779 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Late Life Depression (LLD) is associated with increased mortality rates, but it remains unclear which depressed patients are at increased risk. This study examined the mortality risk of previously identified subgroups of depressed older patients based on age-related clinical features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty). METHODS A six-year follow-up of a clinical cohort study including 375 depressed older patients and 132 non-depressed persons (NESDO). Depressed patients were diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) according to DSM-IV criteria and classified by latent profile analysis on depressive symptom severity, cognitive domains and physical frailty. We estimated the hazard rate of mortality for the four depressed subgroups compared to non-depressed persons by applying Cox-regression analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex and education as confounders and for explanatory variables per pathway in separate models: somatic burden, lifestyle characteristics, vascular burden or inflammation markers. RESULTS A total of 61/375 (16.3%) depressed patients and 8/132 (6.1%) non-depressed persons died during the 6-year follow-up. Two of the four subgroups (n = 186/375 (50%) of the depressed sample) had a higher hazard rate (HR) for mortality compared to non-depressed participants, that is, frail-depressed patients (HR = 5.25, [95%-CI: 2.13-13.0]) and pure mild depressed patients (HR = 3.32 [95%-CI: 1.46-7.58]) adjusted for confounders. Adding possible underlying pathways did not explain these associations. CONCLUSIONS Age-related features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty) contribute to the increased mortality risk in late-life depression. Future studies in depressed older patients should study the additional value of a clinical geriatric assessment and integrated treatment aimed to at reduce frailty and ameliorate their mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Lugtenburg
- Department Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Marij Zuidersma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Didi Rhebergen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC-Location VU University Medical Center & GGZ Centraal Specialized Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
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12
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Yulug B, Ayyildiz S, Sayman D, Karaca R, Ipek L, Cankaya S, Salar AB, Ayyildiz B, Mikuta C, Yagci N, Oktem EO, Ozsimsek A, Velioglu HA, Hanoglu L. The functional role of the pulvinar in discriminating between objective and subjective cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2024; 10:e12450. [PMID: 38356480 PMCID: PMC10865482 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emotionally driven cognitive complaints represent a major diagnostic challenge for clinicians and indicate the importance of objective confirmation of the accuracy of depressive patients' descriptions of their cognitive symptoms. METHODS We compared cognitive status and structural and functional brain connectivity changes in the pulvinar and hippocampus between patients with total depression and healthy controls. The depressive group was also classified as "amnestic" or "nonamnestic," based on the members' subjective reports concerning their forgetfulness. We then sought to determine whether these patients would differ in terms of objective neuroimaging and cognitive findings. RESULTS The right pulvinar exhibited altered connectivity in individuals with depression with objective cognitive impairment, a finding which was not apparent in depressive patients with subjective cognitive impairment. DISCUSSION The pulvinar may play a role in depression-related cognitive impairments. Connectivity network changes may differ between objective and subjective cognitive impairment in depression and may play a role in the increased risk of dementia in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yulug
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Sevilay Ayyildiz
- School of MedicineDepartment of NeuroradiologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- School of MedicineTUM‐NIC Neuroimaging CenterTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Anatomy PhD ProgramGraduate School of Health SciencesKocaeli UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Dila Sayman
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Ramazan Karaca
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Lutfiye Ipek
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Seyda Cankaya
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Ali Behram Salar
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive‐Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN)Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Behcet Ayyildiz
- Anatomy PhD ProgramGraduate School of Health SciencesKocaeli UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Christian Mikuta
- Translational Research CenterUniversity Hospital of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences Doctoral Training PartnershipDepartment of PhysiologyAnatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nilay Yagci
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Ece Ozdemir Oktem
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Ahmet Ozsimsek
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityAntalyaTurkey
| | - Halil Aziz Velioglu
- School of MedicineTUM‐NIC Neuroimaging CenterTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Center for Psychiatric NeuroscienceFeinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Department of Neurology and NeuroscienceIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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13
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Sergio J, Siedlecki KL. Which variables moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition across adulthood? NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024; 31:145-173. [PMID: 36268987 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2131714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined moderators of the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition in a large non-clinical community-dwelling sample spanning adulthood. Participants comprised 5,430 individuals between the ages of 18-99 years drawn from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project. Depressive symptoms were measured via the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale and neurocognition was operationalized as a composite variable comprising episodic memory, spatial visualization, processing speed, and reasoning tasks. Moderator variables included physical activity, cognitive activity, education, emotional stability, and openness. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the influence of depressive symptoms and the moderators on neurocognition. Depressive symptoms significantly predicted neurocognition. Cognitive activity, years of education, and emotional stability moderated the depression-neurocognition relationship by buffering the impact of depressive symptoms on neurocognition. Cognitive activity engagement and level of education may function as a protective influence on those with higher levels of depressive symptoms, while emotional stability may be protective for individuals with lower levels of depressive symptoms. No differences in moderation were found across three age groups representing younger, middle, and older adults. Post-hoc analyses showed years of education and openness as moderators in a subsample excluding individuals with potentially clinically meaningful levels of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Sergio
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Marawi T, Zhukovsky P, Rashidi-Ranjbar N, Bowie CR, Brooks H, Fischer CE, Flint AJ, Herrmann N, Mah L, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Tartaglia MC, Voineskos AN, Mulsant BH. Brain-Cognition Associations in Older Patients With Remitted Major Depressive Disorder or Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Multivariate Analysis of Gray and White Matter Integrity. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:913-923. [PMID: 37271418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost half of older patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) present with cognitive impairment, and one-third meet diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, mechanisms linking MDD and MCI remain unclear. We investigated multivariate associations between brain structural alterations and cognition in 3 groups of older patients at risk for dementia, remitted MDD (rMDD), MCI, and rMDD+MCI, as well as cognitively healthy nondepressed control participants. METHODS We analyzed magnetic resonance imaging data and cognitive domain scores in participants from the PACt-MD (Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease With Cognitive Remediation Plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depression) study. Following quality control, we measured cortical thickness and subcortical volumes of selected regions from 283 T1-weighted scans and fractional anisotropy of white matter tracts from 226 diffusion-weighted scans. We assessed brain-cognition associations using partial least squares regressions in the whole sample and in each subgroup. RESULTS In the entire sample, atrophy in the medial temporal lobe and subregions of the motor and prefrontal cortex was associated with deficits in verbal and visuospatial memory, language skills, and, to a lesser extent, processing speed (p < .0001; multivariate r = 0.30, 0.34, 0.26, and 0.18, respectively). Widespread reduced white matter integrity was associated with deficits in executive functioning, working memory, and processing speed (p = .008; multivariate r = 0.21, 0.26, 0.35, respectively). Overall, associations remained significant in the MCI and rMDD+MCI groups, but not the rMDD or healthy control groups. CONCLUSIONS We confirm findings of brain-cognition associations previously reported in MCI and extend them to rMDD+MCI, but similar associations in rMDD are not supported. Early-onset and treated MDD might not contribute to structural alterations associated with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulip Marawi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Zhukovsky
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather Brooks
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Baycrest Health Services, Rotman Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Yuan J, Wang Y, Liu Z. Temporal relationship between depression and cognitive decline in the elderly: a two-wave cross-lagged study in a Chinese sample. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:2179-2186. [PMID: 37339082 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2225432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Less information is available about the temporal relationship between depression in the elderly and cognitive decline. In the current study, we (1) evaluated the temporal association between depression and cognitive decline in older adults over a 4-year period; (2) indicated which cognitive domains have a strong temporal relationship with depression.Methods: Using data from China Family Panel Studies, we examined the relationship between depression and cognition among adults aged 65 and older with a cross-lagged design.Results: The results showed that initial depression affected subsequent cognitive function, especially immediate and delayed recall, but that cognition decline did not predict depression over time.Conclusion: The findings suggest that depression precedes cognitive decline in older adults, which is of great significance for the future research of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- School of Nursing, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Nursing, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zejun Liu
- Department of Psychology, Educational College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Barlet BD, Hauson AO, Pollard AA, Zhang EZ, Nemanim NM, Sarkissians S, Lackey NS, Stelmach NP, Walker AD, Carson BT, Flora-Tostado C, Reszegi K, Allen KE, Viglione DJ. Neuropsychological Performance in Alzheimer's Disease versus Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:991-1016. [PMID: 37332152 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite decades of research, neuropsychological tests (NPTs) that clearly differentiate between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and late-life depression (LLD) have yet to be agreed upon. Given this gap in knowledge and the rapid deployment of disease-modifying drugs for the two disorders, accurate clinical diagnosis using evidence-based assessment is essential. This study aims to systematically examine the literature to identify NPTs that would be able to differentiate AD and LLD. METHOD Databases and bibliographies were searched to identify articles for analysis. Two major inclusion criteria were that the studies compared neuropsychological functioning of AD versus LLD using normed NPTs and provided data for effect size calculation. Risk of bias was minimized by having independent coders for all steps in the review. RESULTS Forty-one studies met inclusion criteria (N = 2,797) and provided effect sizes for tests that were classified as belonging to 15 domains of functioning. The two groups were well differentiated by tasks of delayed contextual verbal memory as compared to immediate or non-contextual memory, recognition cueing, confrontation naming, visuospatial construction, and conceptualization. Specific NPTs that appear to be useful for differential diagnosis include the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Delayed Recognition; Boston Naming Test; the Dementia Rating Scale's memory, conceptualization, and construction subscales; and the CERAD Constructional Praxis. CONCLUSIONS The NPTs highlighted in this systematic review could be used as a relatively simple and cost-effective method to differentiate between patients with cognitive dysfunction due to AD versus LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna D Barlet
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Alexander O Hauson
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anna A Pollard
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Emily Z Zhang
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Natasha M Nemanim
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Sharis Sarkissians
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Nick S Lackey
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Nicholas P Stelmach
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Alyssa D Walker
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Bryce T Carson
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Christopher Flora-Tostado
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Katalin Reszegi
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Kenneth E Allen
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA 92105, USA
| | - Donald J Viglione
- Clinical Psychology PhD Program, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
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Huber M, Reuter L, Weitgasser L, Pletzer B, Rösch S, Illg A. Hearing loss, depression, and cognition in younger and older adult CI candidates. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1272210. [PMID: 37900591 PMCID: PMC10613094 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1272210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Hearing loss in old age is associated with cognitive decline and with depression. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between hearing loss, cognitive decline, and secondary depressive symptoms in a sample of younger and older cochlear implant candidates with profound to severe hearing loss. Methods This study is part of a larger cohort study designated to provide information on baseline data before CI. Sixty-one cochlear implant candidates with hearing loss from adulthood onwards (>18 years) were enrolled in this study. All had symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss in both ears (four-frequency hearing threshold difference of no more than 20 dB, PTA). Individuals with primary affective disorders, psychosis, below-average intelligence, poor German language skills, visual impairment, and a medical diagnosis with potential impact on cognition (e.g., neurodegenerative diseases,) were excluded. Four-frequency hearing thresholds (dB, PTA, better ear) were collected. Using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, we assessed subjective hearing in noise. Clinical and subclinical depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II). Cognitive status was assessed with a neurocognitive test battery. Results Our findings revealed a significant negative association between subjective hearing in noise (APHAB subscale "Background Noise") and BDII. However, we did not observe any link between hearing thresholds, depression, and cognition. Additionally, no differences emerged between younger (25-54 years) and older subjects (55-75 years). Unexpectedly, further unplanned analyses unveiled correlations between subjective hearing in quiet environments (APHAB) and cognitive performance [phonemic fluency (Regensburg Word Fluency), cognitive flexibility (TMTB), and nonverbal episodic memory (Nonverbal Learning Test), as well as subjective hearing of aversive/loud sounds (APHAB)], cognitive performance [semantic word fluency (RWT), and inhibition (Go/Nogo) and depression]. Duration of hearing loss and speech recognition at quiet (Freiburg Monosyllables) were not related to depression and cognitive performance. Conclusion Impact of hearing loss on mood and cognition appears to be independent, suggesting a relationship with distinct aspects of hearing loss. These results underscore the importance of considering not only conventional audiometric measures like hearing thresholds but also variables related to hearing abilities during verbal communication in everyday life, both in quiet and noisy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lisa Reuter
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lennart Weitgasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Belinda Pletzer
- Department of Psychology, Center for Neurocognitive Research, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sebastian Rösch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angelika Illg
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Feng V, Lanctot K, Herrmann N, Kiss A, Fischer CE, Flint AJ, Mah L, Mulsant BH, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Tumati S, Verhoeff NP, Graff-Guerrero A, Gallagher D. Lipopolysaccharide, Immune Biomarkers and Cerebral Amyloid-Beta Deposition in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment & Major Depressive Disorder. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:786-795. [PMID: 37211499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory activation and increased immune response to lipopolysaccharide occur in both depression and cognitive decline and may link these two conditions. We investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS binding protein (LBP) and peripheral biomarkers of immune response were associated with increased cerebral deposition of amyloid-beta (Abeta) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD). DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING Five academic health centers in Toronto. PARTICIPANTS Older adults with MCI with/without rMDD. MEASUREMENTS We investigated the associations among serum LPS, LBP, biomarkers of inflammatory activation - Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cerebral Abeta deposition quantified by positron emission tomography. RESULTS Among 133 study participants (82 with MCI and 51 with MCI+rMDD) there was no association between LPS (beta - 0.17, p = 0.8) or LBP (beta - 0.11, p = 0.12) and global deposition of Abeta following adjustment for age, gender, and APOE genotype in multivariable regression analyses. LBP was positively correlated with CRP (r = 0.5, p <0.001) and IL-6 (r = 0.2, p = 0.02) but no inflammatory biomarker was associated with Abeta deposition; rMDD was not associated with deposition of Abeta (beta -0.09, p = 0.22). CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional analysis, we did not find an association among LPS/LBP, immune biomarkers or rMDD and global deposition of Abeta. Future analyses should assess the longitudinal relationships between peripheral and central biomarkers of immune activation, depression and cerebral Abeta deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Feng
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Krista Lanctot
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (AK), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science (CEF), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Centre for Mental Health (AJF), University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (LM, NPV), Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Rotman Research Institute (LM), Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division (BHM, BGP, TKR, AG-G), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (BMH, BGP, TKR, NPV), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division (BHM, BGP, TKR, AG-G), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (BMH, BGP, TKR, NPV), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division (BHM, BGP, TKR, AG-G), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (BMH, BGP, TKR, NPV), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shankar Tumati
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nicolaas Paul Verhoeff
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (LM, NPV), Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance (BMH, BGP, TKR, NPV), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division (BHM, BGP, TKR, AG-G), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group (VF, KL, NH, AK, ST, DG), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry (KL, NH, CEF, AJF, LM, BHM, BGP, TKR, NPV, AG-G, DG), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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19
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Marawi T, Ainsworth NJ, Zhukovsky P, Rashidi-Ranjbar N, Rajji TK, Tartaglia MC, Voineskos AN, Mulsant BH. Brain-cognition relationships in late-life depression: a systematic review of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:284. [PMID: 37598228 PMCID: PMC10439902 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with late-life depression (LLD) have cognitive impairment, and at least one-third meet diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodrome to Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms linking LLD and MCI, and brain alterations underlying impaired cognition in LLD and LLD + MCI remain poorly understood. METHODS To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review of studies of brain-cognition relationships in LLD or LLD + MCI to identify circuits underlying impaired cognition in LLD or LLD + MCI. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from inception through February 13, 2023. We included studies that assessed cognition in patients with LLD or LLD + MCI and acquired: (1) T1-weighted imaging (T1) measuring gray matter volumes or thickness; or (2) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) assessing white matter integrity. Due to the heterogeneity in studies, we only conducted a descriptive synthesis. RESULTS Our search identified 51 articles, resulting in 33 T1 studies, 17 DWI studies, and 1 study analyzing both T1 and DWI. Despite limitations, reviewed studies suggest that lower thickness or volume in the frontal and temporal regions and widespread lower white matter integrity are associated with impaired cognition in LLD. Lower white matter integrity in the posterior cingulate region (precuneus and corpus callosum sub-regions) was more associated with impairment executive function and processing speed than with memory. CONCLUSION Future studies should analyze larger samples of participants with various degrees of cognitive impairment and go beyond univariate statistical models to assess reliable brain-cognition relationships in LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulip Marawi
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Ainsworth
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Zhukovsky
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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20
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Lopes S, Shi L, Pan X, Gu Y, Dengler-Crish C, Li Y, Tiwari B, Zhang D. Meditation and Cognitive Outcomes: A Longitudinal Analysis Using Data From the Health and Retirement Study 2000-2016. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023; 14:1705-1717. [PMID: 37808263 PMCID: PMC10557979 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02165-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the association between meditation practice and cognitive function over time among middle-aged and older adults. Method We included Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants assessed for meditation practice in the year 2000 as part of the HRS alternative medicine module (n = 1,160) and were followed up for outcomes over 2000-2016 period. We examined the association between meditation ≥ twice a week vs none/less frequent practice and changes in the outcomes of recall, global cognitive function, and quantitative reasoning using generalized linear regression models. Stratified analyses among persons with/without self-reported baseline depressive symptoms were conducted to assess the link between meditation and cognitive outcomes. Results Among our full study sample, meditation ≥ twice a week was not significantly associated with total recall [β ; 95% CI: -0.97, 0.57; p = 0.61], global cognitive function [β ; 95% CI: -1.01, 1.12; p = 0.92], and quantitative reasoning [β ; 95% CI: -31.27, 8.32; p = 0.26]. However, among those who did not have self-reported depressive symptoms at baseline, meditation ≥ twice a week was associated with improvement in cognitive outcomes such as total recall [β ; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.18; p = 0.01] and global cognitive function [β ; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.40; p = 0.01] over time. Conclusions Frequent meditation practice might have a protective effect on cognitive outcomes over time, but this protection could be limited to those without self-reported baseline depressive symptoms. Future studies could incorporate more precise meditation practice assessment, investigate the effect of meditation on cognitive outcomes over time, and include more rigorous study designs with randomized group assignment. Pre-registration This study is not preregistered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Lopes
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Sociology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - Yian Gu
- The Department of Neurology, The Department of Epidemiology, The Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, and The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christine Dengler-Crish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Biplav Tiwari
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Donglan Zhang
- New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
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21
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Malec SA, Taneja SB, Albert SM, Elizabeth Shaaban C, Karim HT, Levine AS, Munro P, Callahan TJ, Boyce RD. Causal feature selection using a knowledge graph combining structured knowledge from the biomedical literature and ontologies: A use case studying depression as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. J Biomed Inform 2023; 142:104368. [PMID: 37086959 PMCID: PMC10355339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Causal feature selection is essential for estimating effects from observational data. Identifying confounders is a crucial step in this process. Traditionally, researchers employ content-matter expertise and literature review to identify confounders. Uncontrolled confounding from unidentified confounders threatens validity, conditioning on intermediate variables (mediators) weakens estimates, and conditioning on common effects (colliders) induces bias. Additionally, without special treatment, erroneous conditioning on variables combining roles introduces bias. However, the vast literature is growing exponentially, making it infeasible to assimilate this knowledge. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel knowledge graph (KG) application enabling causal feature selection by combining computable literature-derived knowledge with biomedical ontologies. We present a use case of our approach specifying a causal model for estimating the total causal effect of depression on the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) from observational data. METHODS We extracted computable knowledge from a literature corpus using three machine reading systems and inferred missing knowledge using logical closure operations. Using a KG framework, we mapped the output to target terminologies and combined it with ontology-grounded resources. We translated epidemiological definitions of confounder, collider, and mediator into queries for searching the KG and summarized the roles played by the identified variables. We compared the results with output from a complementary method and published observational studies and examined a selection of confounding and combined role variables in-depth. RESULTS Our search identified 128 confounders, including 58 phenotypes, 47 drugs, 35 genes, 23 collider, and 16 mediator phenotypes. However, only 31 of the 58 confounder phenotypes were found to behave exclusively as confounders, while the remaining 27 phenotypes played other roles. Obstructive sleep apnea emerged as a potential novel confounder for depression and AD. Anemia exemplified a variable playing combined roles. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest combining machine reading and KG could augment human expertise for causal feature selection. However, the complexity of causal feature selection for depression with AD highlights the need for standardized field-specific databases of causal variables. Further work is needed to optimize KG search and transform the output for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Malec
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sanya B Taneja
- Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven M Albert
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Elizabeth Shaaban
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helmet T Karim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Arthur S Levine
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The Brain Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul Munro
- School of Computing and Information, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany J Callahan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard D Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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22
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Mackin RS, Jin C, Burns E, Kassel M, Rhodes E, Nosheny R, Ashford M, Banh T, Eichenbaum J, Knight K, Tank R, Camacho MR, Fockler J, Truran D, Neuhaus J, Weiner M. Association of Major Depressive Disorder with remotely administered measures of cognition and subjective report of cognitive difficulties across the adult age spectrum. J Affect Disord 2023; 326:198-205. [PMID: 36528135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) has increasing prevalence with age. Both objective measures of cognitive dysfunction and subjective report of cognitive difficulties related to MDD are often thought to worsen with increasing age. However, few studies have directly evaluated these characteristics across the adult lifespan. METHODS Participants included 23,594 adults completing objective and subjective measures of cognition on an online research registry. Linear regression including interactions of age group with depression was used to evaluate the association of self-reported MDD with measures of cognition in three age groups: 21-40 years; 41-60 years; 61+ years. RESULTS MDD (n = 2127) demonstrated poorer objective cognitive performance and greater subjective ratings of cognitive difficulties across all domains assessed compared to non-depressed individuals (ND; n = 21,467). Significant interactions of age group and MDD status with objective and subjective measures of cognition were observed for both middle age and older adults when compared to young adults but few significant differences between middle-aged and older adults were evident. LIMITATIONS This study relied on self-report of MDD diagnosis, utilized remotely administered and unsupervised measures of cognition, and the sample was not diverse. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of association between MDD and cognitive correlates appears to plateau in middle age. Our results suggest that increased rates of dementia are not due to greater cognitive consequence of MDD in older adults and that age effects, and not greater effects of depression, may lead to increased diagnosis of MDD based on subjective report of cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Chengshi Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Emily Burns
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michelle Kassel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emma Rhodes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Nosheny
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Ashford
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tim Banh
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Eichenbaum
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Knight
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachana Tank
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monica R Camacho
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juliet Fockler
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diana Truran
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Neuhaus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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23
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Xiao S, Shi L, Zhang J, Li X, Lin H, Xue Y, Xue B, Chen Y, Zhou G, Zhang C. The role of anxiety and depressive symptoms in mediating the relationship between subjective sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:640-646. [PMID: 36657496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deterioration of cognitive function has a significant impact on the unavoidable burden on individuals, families, and society. This study aimed to examine the serial multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depressive symptoms on the relationship between subjective sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults in China. METHODS We selected 6442 Chinese older adults aged 65 years and older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The SPSS PROCESS macro was employed to perform simple and serial multiple mediation analyses. RESULTS Subjective sleep quality, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and cognitive function were significantly related (P < 0.01). Poor sleep quality can have a direct negative influence on cognitive function among older adults (effect = -0.110; 95 % CI = [-0.166, -0.053]), but it can also have an indirect negative impact via three pathways: the independent mediation of anxiety symptoms (effect = -0.028; 95 % CI = [-0.048, -0.011]), the independent mediation of depressive symptoms (effect = -0.014; 95 % CI = [-0.026, -0.002]), and the serial mediation of anxiety and depressive symptoms (effect = -0.009; 95 % CI = [-0.017, -0.001]). LIMITATIONS This study used a cross-sectional design, which restricts the ability to infer causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS The effect of subjective sleep quality on cognitive function was serially mediated by anxiety and depressive symptoms among older adults. Diverse therapies targeted at improving sleep quality in older adults may improve mood and cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xiao
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachi Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinru Li
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Benli Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangqing Zhou
- Health Management Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Health Management Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Handing EP, Hayden KM, Leng XI, Kritchevsky SB. Predictors of cognitive and physical decline: Results from the Health Aging and Body Composition Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1122421. [PMID: 36891556 PMCID: PMC9986301 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1122421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Risk factors for cognitive decline and physical decline have been studied independently, however older adults might experience decline in both areas i.e., dual decline. Risk factors associated with dual decline are largely unknown and have significant implications on health outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore risk factors associated with dual decline. Methods Using data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study, a longitudinal prospective cohort study, we examined trajectories of decline based on repeated measures of the Modified Mini-Mental State Exam (3MSE) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) across 6 years (n=1,552). We calculated four mutually exclusive trajectories of decline and explored predictors of decline: cognitive decline (n = 306) = lowest quartile of slope on the 3MSE or 1.5 SD below mean at baseline, physical decline (n = 231) = lowest quartile of slope on the SPPB or 1.5 SD below mean at baseline, dual decline (n = 110) = lowest quartile in both measures or 1.5 SD below mean in both measures at baseline. Individuals who did not meet criteria for one of the decline groups were classified as the reference group. (n= 905). Results Multinomial logistic regression tested the association of 17 baseline risk factors with decline. Odds of dual decline where significantly higher for individuals at baseline with depressive symptoms (CES-D >16) (Odds Ratio (OR)=2.49, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.05-6.29), ApoE-ε4 carrier (OR= 2.09, 95% CI: 1.06-1.95), or if individuals had lost 5+lbs in past year (OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.13-2.84). Odds were significantly lower for individuals with a higher score on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test per standard deviation (OR per SD: 0.47, 95% CI 0.36-0.62) and faster 400-meter gait (OR per SD= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.37-0.64). Conclusion Among predictors, depressive symptoms at baseline significantly increased the odds of developing dual decline but was not associated with decline in the exclusively cognitive or physical decline groups. APOE-ε4 status increased the odds for cognitive decline and dual decline but not physical decline. More research on dual decline is needed because this group represents a high risk, vulnerable subset of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Handing
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Iris Leng
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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25
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Manning KJ, Wu R, McQuoid DR, Steffens DC, Potter GG. Reliable Cognitive Decline in Late-Life Major Depression. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:247-257. [PMID: 36302229 PMCID: PMC9940117 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depression in older adults increases the statistical likelihood of dementia. It is challenging to translate statistical evidence of cognitive decline at the group level into knowledge of individual cognitive outcomes. The objective of the current study is to investigate 2-year reliable cognitive change in late-life depression (LLD), which will enhance understanding of cognitive changes in LLD and provide a means to assess individual change. METHODS In a sample of non-depressed cognitively normal older adults or NDCN (n = 113), we used linear regression to predict tests of global cognition, processing speed-executive functioning, and memory administered 1 and 2 years later. Stepwise regression was used to select covariates among demographics and raw test scores (either baseline or year 1) and we cross-validated the final models using the predicted residual error sum of squares (PRESS). We then derived a z-change score from the difference between actual and predicted follow-up scores and investigated the proportion of LLD patients (n = 199) and NDCN adults who experienced reliable "decline" (a z-score < -1.645), "stability" (z-scores between + - 1.645), and "improvement" (z scores > +1.645). RESULTS A greater proportion LLD compared with NDCN experienced cognitive decline in processing speed/executive functioning and global cognition over 2 years. When compared to NDCN, a greater proportion of LLD also significantly improved on one test of processing speed over 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Older adults with LLD are at risk of meaningful cognitive decline over a relatively short period, particularly in the domain of executive functioning and processing speed. This study provides a series of reliable change equations for common neuropsychological tests that can be applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Manning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rong Wu
- Biostatistics Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Douglas R McQuoid
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David C Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Guy G Potter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Rashidi-Ranjbar N, Rajji TK, Hawco C, Kumar S, Herrmann N, Mah L, Flint AJ, Fischer CE, Butters MA, Pollock BG, Dickie EW, Bowie CR, Soffer M, Mulsant BH, Voineskos AN. Association of functional connectivity of the executive control network or default mode network with cognitive impairment in older adults with remitted major depressive disorder or mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:468-477. [PMID: 35410366 PMCID: PMC9852291 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. The present study aimed to better understand this risk by comparing resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the executive control network (ECN) and the default mode network (DMN) in older adults with MDD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Additionally, we examined the association between rsFC in the ECN or DMN and cognitive impairment transdiagnostically. We assessed rsFC alterations in ECN and DMN in 383 participants from five groups at-risk for dementia-remitted MDD with normal cognition (MDD-NC), non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), remitted MDD + naMCI, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and remitted MDD + aMCI-and from healthy controls (HC) or individuals with Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Subject-specific whole-brain functional connectivity maps were generated for each network and group differences in rsFC were calculated. We hypothesized that alteration of rsFC in the ECN and DMN would be progressively larger among our seven groups, ranked from low to high according to their risk for dementia as HC, MDD-NC, naMCI, MDD + naMCI, aMCI, MDD + aMCI, and AD. We also regressed scores of six cognitive domains (executive functioning, processing speed, language, visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and working memory) on the ECN and DMN connectivity maps. We found a significant alteration in the rsFC of the ECN, with post hoc testing showing differences between the AD group and the HC, MDD-NC, or naMCI groups, but no significant alterations in rsFC of the DMN. Alterations in rsFC of the ECN and DMN were significantly associated with several cognitive domain scores transdiagnostically. Our findings suggest that a diagnosis of remitted MDD may not confer functional brain risk for dementia. However, given the association of rs-FC with cognitive performance (i.e., transdiagnostically), rs-FC may help in stratifying this risk among people with MDD and varying degrees of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Colin Hawco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erin W Dickie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry (CRB), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Matan Soffer
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Vermeulen T, Sabbe BG, Østergaard SD, Giltay EJ, Van der Mast RC. Cognitive performance among older adults with psychotic depression compared to non-psychotic depression. Psychiatry Res 2023; 319:114996. [PMID: 36508856 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether psychotic depression (PD) compared to non-psychotic depression (non-PD) among older adults is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For inpatients (60+) with a major depressive episode, cognitive performance in PD and non-PD (categorical) were compared as well as the relationship between symptom severity for depression and psychosis (dimensional) and cognition. Of 90 participants (on average 72.7 years old; range 60-92), 64% were female. The severity of depressive- and psychotic symptoms are both negatively associated with cognitive functioning among older adults with depression. This is of relevance for the treatment of this vulnerable group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Vermeulen
- University of Antwerp, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilfijk, 2610, Belgium.
| | - Bernard G Sabbe
- University of Antwerp, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilfijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Søren D Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Erik J Giltay
- University of Antwerp, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilfijk, 2610, Belgium; Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Roos C Van der Mast
- University of Antwerp, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilfijk, 2610, Belgium; Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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28
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Colwell MJ, Tagomori H, Chapman S, Gillespie AL, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ, Murphy SE. Pharmacological targeting of cognitive impairment in depression: recent developments and challenges in human clinical research. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:484. [PMID: 36396622 PMCID: PMC9671959 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired cognition is often overlooked in the clinical management of depression, despite its association with poor psychosocial functioning and reduced clinical engagement. There is an outstanding need for new treatments to address this unmet clinical need, highlighted by our consultations with individuals with lived experience of depression. Here we consider the evidence to support different pharmacological approaches for the treatment of impaired cognition in individuals with depression, including treatments that influence primary neurotransmission directly as well as novel targets such as neurosteroid modulation. We also consider potential methodological challenges in establishing a strong evidence base in this area, including the need to disentangle direct effects of treatment on cognition from more generalised symptomatic improvement and the identification of sensitive, reliable and objective measures of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Colwell
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Hosana Tagomori
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Chapman
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy L Gillespie
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip J Cowen
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Susannah E Murphy
- University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Bein M, Lesage M, Dikaios E, Chakravarty M, Segal Z, Royal I, Speechley M, Schiavetto A, Blumberger D, Sacchet MD, Therriault J, Gruber J, Tourjman V, Richard-Devantoy S, Nair V, Bruneau MA, Rej S, Lifshitz M, Sekhon H. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy vs. a health enhancement program for the treatment of late-life depression: Study protocol for a multi-site randomized controlled trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:976636. [PMID: 36118690 PMCID: PMC9476649 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.976636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLate-life depression (LLD) affects up to 18% of older adults and has been linked to elevated dementia risk. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) holds promise for treating symptoms of depression and ameliorating cognitive deficits in older adults. While preliminary findings are promising, a definitive RCT investigating its effects on late life depression and cognition have not yet been conducted. We present a protocol describing a multi-site blinded randomized controlled trial, comparing the effects of MBCT and of an active control, a Health Enhancement Program (HEP), on depressive symptoms, executive functioning, and brain biomarkers of LLD, among several other exploratory outcomes.MethodsTwo-hundred and thirteen (n = 213) patients with LLD will be recruited at various centers in Montreal, QC, Canada. Participants will undergo stratified randomization to either MBCT or HEP intervention groups. We will assess changes in (1) depression severity using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17), (2) processing speed and executive functioning, (3) brain biomarkers of LLD (hippocampal volume, default network resting-state functional connectivity and executive network resting-state functional connectivity), and (4) other exploratory physiological and mood-based measures, at baseline (0 weeks), post intervention (8 weeks), and 26 weeks after baseline.DiscussionThe proposed study will assess the clinical potential of MBCT to improve symptoms of depression, as well as examine its impact on cognitive impairments and neurobiological markers, and thus inform its use as a promising adjunct in the treatment of LLD.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05366088.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bein
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Myriam Lesage
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Dikaios
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- Departments of Biological and Biomedical Engineering and Psychiatry, Centre d'imagerie cérébrale, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Zindel Segal
- University of Toronto–Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Royal
- Neuropsychology Service, Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark Speechley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandra Schiavetto
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew D. Sacchet
- Meditation Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph Therriault
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest de l'Île de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Johanna Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valerie Tourjman
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Vasavan Nair
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Andrée Bruneau
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Soham Rej
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Soham Rej
| | - Michael Lifshitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Harmehr Sekhon
- Department of Psychiatry, GeriPARTy Research Group, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Cambridge, MA, United States
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30
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Siqueira ASS, Biella MM, Borges MK, Mauer S, Apolinario D, Alves TCDTF, Jacob-Filho W, Oude Voshaar RC, Aprahamian I. Decision-making executive function profile and performance in older adults with major depression: a case-control study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1551-1557. [PMID: 34263687 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1950617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decision making (DM) is a component of executive functioning, essential for choosing appropriate decisions. Executive dysfunctioning is particularly common in late-life depression, however the literature is scarce on DM. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the DM profile and performance in participants with and without unipolar major depression. METHOD The DM profile and performance were assessed by the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), respectively, in three groups of older adults from a university-based geriatric psychiatry clinic, i.e. current depression (n = 30), remitted depression (n = 43) and healthy controls (n = 59). The Hamilton Depression scale (HAM-D) 21 items, the Hamilton Anxiety scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination were used to access depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and cognitive impairment, respectively. Multinomial, nominal and binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between depression, depressive symptomatology and DM. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, patients with current depression presented higher scores in buck-passing and proscratination DM profiles. In the hypervigilance profile, there was a significant difference between current and remitted depression groups. A higher value in the HAM-D scale increased the probability of disadvantageous DM profiles. Depressive patients showed a tendency of a higher mean score in both disadvantageous decks (A and B) of IGT. Patients with current depression showed a worse performance compared to the remitted depression group in the IGT netscore. CONCLUSION Older adults with current depression showed DM profiles considered maladaptive or disadvantageous compared to both remitted depression and healthy controls groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Maria Biella
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Kiiti Borges
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sivan Mauer
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Apolinario
- Medical Investigation Laboratory on Ageing (LIM66), Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Medical Investigation Laboratory on Ageing (LIM66), Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Medical Investigation Laboratory on Ageing (LIM66), Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,Geriatrics Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Group of Investigation on Multimorbidity and Mental Health in Aging (GIMMA), Jundiaí, Brazil
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The Relationship between Late-Life Depression and Cognitive Function in Older Korean Adults: A Moderation Analysis of Physical Activity Combined with Lower-Body Muscle Strength. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148769. [PMID: 35886621 PMCID: PMC9318399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study examined the relationship of physical activity (PA) combined with lower-body muscle strength to late-life depression and cognitive impairment in 10,097 participants (6062 females) ≥ 65 years of age. Methods: Exposures were PA, sit-to-stand test (STST), and depressive symptoms. Outcome was cognitive performance. Results: Depressed individuals had an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI; odds ratio (OR), adjusted OR = 1.845 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.580−2.154, p < 0.001) compared with non-depressed individuals. Individuals who had insufficient PA and a poor STST and either insufficient PA or a poor STST had an increased risk of MCI (adjusted OR = 1.329 and 95% CI = 1.209−1.46, p < 0.001 and adjusted OR = 2.822 and 95% CI = 2.488−3.200, p < 0001, respectively) compared with individuals who had sufficient PA and a good STST. A significant moderation effect of PA combined with lower-body muscle strength on the relationship between depression and cognitive function was observed (β = −1.3923; 95% CI = −2.1505 to −0.6341, p < 0.003). Conclusions: The negative effect of late-life depression on cognitive function was incremental in the order of sufficient PA and a good STST, insufficient PA or a poor STST, and insufficient PA and a poor STST.
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Petkus AJ, Resnick SM, Wang X, Beavers DP, Espeland MA, Gatz M, Gruenewald T, Millstein J, Chui HC, Kaufman JD, Manson JE, Wellenius GA, Whitsel EA, Widaman K, Younan D, Chen JC. Ambient air pollution exposure and increasing depressive symptoms in older women: The mediating role of the prefrontal cortex and insula. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153642. [PMID: 35122843 PMCID: PMC8983488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have been associated with the emergence of depressive symptoms in older adulthood, although most studies used cross-sectional outcome measures. Elucidating the brain structures mediating the adverse effects can strengthen the causal role between air pollution and increasing depressive symptoms. We evaluated whether smaller volumes of brain structures implicated in late-life depression mediate associations between ambient air pollution exposure and changes in depressive symptoms. This prospective study included 764 community-dwelling older women (aged 81.6 ± 3.6 in 2008-2010) from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) Magnetic Resonance Imaging study (WHIMS-MRI; 2005-06) and WHIMS-Epidemiology of Cognitive Health Outcomes (WHIMS-ECHO; 2008-16). Three-year average annual mean concentrations (scaled by interquartile range [IQR]) of ambient PM2.5 (in μg/m3; IQR = 3.14 μg/m3) and NO2 (in ppb; IQR = 7.80 ppb) before WHIMS-MRI were estimated at participants' addresses via spatiotemporal models. Mediators included structural brain MRI-derived grey matter volumes of the prefrontal cortex and structures of the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit. Depressive symptoms were assessed annually by the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Structural equation models were constructed to estimate associations between exposure, structural brain volumes, and depressive symptoms. Increased exposures (by each IQR) were associated with greater annual increases in depressive symptoms (βPM2.5 = 0.022; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.003, 0.042; βNO2 = 0.019; 95% CI = 0.001, 0.037). The smaller volume of prefrontal cortex associated with exposures partially mediated the associations of increased depressive symptoms with NO2 (8%) and PM2.5 (13%), and smaller insula volume associated with NO2 contributed modestly (13%) to the subsequent increase in depressive symptoms. We demonstrate the first evidence that the smaller volumes of the prefrontal cortex and insula may mediate the subsequent increases in depressive symptoms associated with late-life exposures to NO2 and PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Petkus
- University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, 1520 San Pablo St. Suite 3000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Susan M Resnick
- National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Xinhui Wang
- University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, 1520 San Pablo St. Suite 3000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Daniel P Beavers
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, One Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States of American
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, One Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States of American
| | - Margaret Gatz
- University of Southern California, Center for Economic and Social Research, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089-3332, United States of America
| | - Tara Gruenewald
- Chapman University, Department of Psychology, 1 University Dr., Orange, CA 92866, United States of America
| | - Joshua Millstein
- University of Southern California, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, 2001 North Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America
| | - Helena C Chui
- University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, 1520 San Pablo St. Suite 3000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- University of Washington, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 257230, Seattle, WA 98105, United States of America
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Boston University, Boston, School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, United States of America
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 123 W. Franklin St., Suite 410, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-8050, United States of America
| | - Keith Widaman
- University of California, Riverside, Graduate School of Education, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 9251, United States of America
| | - Diana Younan
- University of Southern California, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, 2001 North Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, 1520 San Pablo St. Suite 3000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States; University of Southern California, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, 2001 North Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America.
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Disrupted olfactory functional connectivity in patients with late-life depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 306:174-181. [PMID: 35292309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Odor identification (OI) impairment increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease and brain abnormalities in patients with late-life depression (LLD). However, it remains unclear whether abnormal functional connectivity (FC) of olfactory regions is involved in the relationship between OI impairment and dementia risk in LLD patients. The current study aims to explore the olfactory FC patterns of LLD patients and how olfactory FCs mediate the relationship between OI and cognition. METHODS A total of 150 participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychometric and olfactory assessments. The primary and secondary olfactory regions were selected as regions of interest to investigate olfactory FC patterns and their association with OI and cognitive performance in LLD patients. RESULTS Compared with LLD patients without OI impairment and normal controls, LLD patients with OI impairment exhibited increased FC between the left orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and left calcarine gyrus, between the left OFC and right lingual gyrus, between the right OFC and right rectus gyrus, and decreased FC between the right piriform cortex and right superior parietal lobule. Additionally, these abnormal FCs were associated with scores of OI, global cognition and language function. Finally, the FC between the right piriform cortex and right superior parietal lobule exhibited a partially mediated effect on the relationship between OI and MMSE scores. LIMITATIONS The present study did not exclude the possible effect of drugs. CONCLUSION LLD patients with OI impairment exhibited more disrupted olfactory FC (a decrease in the primary olfactory cortex and an increase in the secondary olfactory cortex) than LLD patients with intact OI, and these abnormal FCs may serve as potential targets for neuromodulation in LLD patients to prevent them from developing dementia.
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Jindra C, Li C, Tsang RSM, Bauermeister S, Gallacher J. Depression and memory function - evidence from cross-lagged panel models with unit fixed effects in ELSA and HRS. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1428-1436. [PMID: 32914740 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with depression are often found to perform worse on cognitive tests and to have an increased risk of dementia. The causes and the direction of these associations are however not well understood. We looked at two specific hypotheses, the aetiological risk factor hypothesis and the reverse causality hypothesis. METHOD We analysed observational data from two cohorts, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and Health and Retirement Study (HRS), using cross-lagged panel models with unit fixed effects. Each model was run once with depression and repeated with cognition as the dependent variable and the other variable as the main explanatory variable. All models were estimated separately for contemporaneous effects and lagged effects up to 8 years in the past. We contrasted the results with models making the random effects assumption. RESULTS Evidence from the fixed effects models is mixed. We find no evidence for the reverse causality hypothesis in ELSA and HRS. While there is no evidence for the aetiological risk factors hypothesis in ELSA, results from HRS indicate some effects. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that current levels of cognitive function do not influence future levels of depression. Results in HRS provide some evidence that current levels of depressive symptoms influence future cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Jindra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Chenlu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Ruby S M Tsang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Bauermeister
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - John Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
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35
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Wang LQ, Zhang TH, Dang W, Liu S, Fan ZL, Tu LH, Zhang M, Wang HN, Zhang N, Ma QY, Zhang Y, Li HZ, Wang LC, Zheng YN, Wang H, Yu X. Heterogenous Subtypes of Late-Life Depression and Their Cognitive Patterns: A Latent Class Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:917111. [PMID: 35873245 PMCID: PMC9298648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression (LLD), characterized by cognitive deficits, is considered heterogeneous across individuals. Previous studies have identified subtypes with diverse symptom profiles, but their cognitive patterns are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the subtypes of LLD and the cognitive profile of each group. METHODS In total, 109 depressed older adults were enrolled. We performed latent class analysis using Geriatric Depression Scale items as indicators to generate latent classes. We compared the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with cognitive functions between groups and conducted regression analysis to investigate the association between class membership and variables with significant differences. RESULTS Two classes were identified: the "pessimistic" group was characterized by pessimistic thoughts and the "worried" group with a relatively high prevalence of worry symptoms. The two groups did not differ in sociodemographic characteristics. The "pessimistic" group showed a higher rate of past history of depression and lower age of onset. The "worried" group had more physical comorbidities and a higher rate of past history of anxiety. The "pessimistic" group was more impaired in general cognitive function, executive function, information processing speed, and attention. Lower general and executive functions were associated with the membership in the "pessimistic" group. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with pessimistic symptoms and subjects with a propensity to worry may form two distinct subtypes of late-life depression with different cognitive profiles. Further, the cognitive evaluation of subjects with pessimistic symptoms is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qi Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zi-Li Fan
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hui Tu
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin-Ying Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Zi Li
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Chun Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Nan Zheng
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huali Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Clinical Research Division, Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China
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36
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How can light be used to optimize sleep and health in older adults? PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2022; 273:331-355. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Irusen H, Fernandez P, Van der Merwe A, Suliman S, Esterhuizen T, Lazarus J, Parkes J, Seedat S. Depression, Anxiety, and Their Association to Health-Related Quality of Life in Men Commencing Prostate Cancer Treatment at Tertiary Hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221125561. [PMID: 36112984 PMCID: PMC9478688 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221125561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbid depression and anxiety in men with localised prostate cancer (CaP)
largely go undiagnosed and untreated and their effects on health-related
quality of life (HRQOL) in men with CaP should not be underestimated. We
examined the prevalence of depression and anxiety and its association with
HRQOL in men about to commence treatment for CaP and the differences between
treatment groups, radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT). Method One hundred and seven participants from a longitudinal prospective
observational study assessing depression, anxiety and HRQOL in men with
localised CaP (DAHCaP), were used in this cross-sectional analysis. Data
were collected shortly before participants were scheduled to receive their
treatment. The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D),
the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Memorial Anxiety Scale for
Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC), the European Organisation for Research and
Treatment in Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and (EORTC
QLQ-PR25) were used in this analysis. Results Symptoms of depression pre-treatment were noted in 39.3%, state anxiety 28%,
trait anxiety 31.4% and prostate cancer anxiety in 12.1% of participants.
Statistically significant correlations (P ≤ .05) with the
CES-D and a cluster of symptoms on the EORTC QLQ-C30 domains for Global
Health (rs = −.35), fatigue (rs = .38), pain
(rs = .32), dyspnoea (rs = .28), insomnia
(rs = .30) and finance (rs = .26) and EORTC
QLQ-PR25 domains for urinary symptoms (rs = .43), bowel
(rs = .43) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
(rs = .41) were observed. Statistically significant correlations were also noted between the STAI-S and
EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-PR25. No statistically significant difference
was noted between treatments. Conclusion More men were depressed than anxious with significant associations with HRQOL
prior to commencement of treatment. CaP treatments should focus not only on
the prevailing indisposition but include a psychooncological and HRQOL
assessment at pre-treatment in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Irusen
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 26697Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pedro Fernandez
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 26697Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre Van der Merwe
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 26697Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sharain Suliman
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University and SA MRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tonya Esterhuizen
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 26697Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John Lazarus
- Department of Urology, Groote Schuur Hospital, 63726University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jeannette Parkes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Groote Schuur Hospital, 63726University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 26697Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Faoro M, Hamdan AC. Depressive symptoms may be associated with semantic memory decline in elderly adults. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:350-356. [PMID: 34630922 PMCID: PMC8485648 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-030006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are associated with a decline of episodic memory, but the relationship with semantic memory remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Faoro
- Psychology Graduate Program, Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Paraná - Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Amer Cavalheiro Hamdan
- Psychology Graduate Program, Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Paraná - Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Masse C, Vandel P, Sylvestre G, Noiret N, Bennabi D, Mauny F, Puyraveau M, Barsznica Y, Dartevelle J, Meyer A, Binetruy M, Lavaux M, Ryff I, Giustiniani J, Magnin E, Galmiche J, Haffen E, Chopard G. Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life Depression: A Comparative Study of Healthy Older People, Late-Life Depression, and Mild Alzheimer's Disease Using Multivariate Base Rates of Low Scores. Front Psychol 2021; 12:724731. [PMID: 34675839 PMCID: PMC8525508 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-Life Depression (LLD) is often associated with cognitive impairment. However, distinction between cognitive impairment due to LLD and those due to normal aging or mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) remain difficult. The aim of this study was to present and compare the multivariate base rates of low scores in LLD, mild AD, and healthy control groups on a battery of neuropsychological tests. Participants (ages 60-89) were 352 older healthy adults, 390 patients with LLD, and 234 patients with mild AD (i.e., MMSE ≥ 20). Multivariate base rates of low scores (i.e., ≤ 5th percentile) were calculated for each participant group within different cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, executive skills, mental processing speed, constructional praxis, and language/semantic memory). Obtaining at least one low score was relatively common in healthy older people controls (from 9.4 to 17.6%), and may thus result in a large number of false positives. By contrast, having at least two low scores was unusual (from 0.3 to 4.6%) and seems to be a more reliable criterion for identifying cognitive impairment in LLD. Having at least three low memory scores was poorly associated with LLD (5.9%) compared to mild AD (76.1%) and may provide a useful way to differentiate between these two conditions [χ ( 1 ) 2 = 329.8, p < 0.001; Odds Ratio = 50.7, 95% CI = 38.2-77.5]. The multivariate base rate information about low scores in healthy older people and mild AD may help clinicians to identify cognitive impairments in LLD patients, improve the clinical decision-making, and target those who require regular cognitive and clinical follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Masse
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre Vandel
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
- Clinical Investigation Center 1431-INSERM, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Géraldine Sylvestre
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, Memory Resource and Research Center (CM2R), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Noiret
- Research Centre on Cognition and Learning (CeRCA), UMR 7295 CNRS, University of Poitiers and University of Tours, Poitiers, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Frédéric Mauny
- Methodology Unit, uMETh, Clinical Investigation Center 1431-INSERM, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Marc Puyraveau
- Methodology Unit, uMETh, Clinical Investigation Center 1431-INSERM, Besançon, France
| | - Yoan Barsznica
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, Memory Resource and Research Center (CM2R), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Jonathan Dartevelle
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
| | - Agatha Meyer
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
| | - Mickaël Binetruy
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Lavaux
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
| | - Ilham Ryff
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, Memory Resource and Research Center (CM2R), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Julie Giustiniani
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Eloi Magnin
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, Memory Resource and Research Center (CM2R), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Jean Galmiche
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Clinical Investigation Center 1431-INSERM, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Gilles Chopard
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Cognitive Psychology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Association for the Development of Applied Neuropsychology, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, Memory Resource and Research Center (CM2R), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
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Yuan Y, Lapane KL, Rothschild AJ, Ulbricht CM. Changes in depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in older long-stay nursing home residents in the USA: a latent transition analysis. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1903-1912. [PMID: 33222506 PMCID: PMC8141058 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1849021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To longitudinally examine the latent statuses of depressive symptoms and their association with cognitive impairment in older U.S. nursing home (NH) residents. METHOD Using Minimum Data Set 3.0, newly-admitted, long-stay, older NH residents with depression in 2014 were identified (n = 88,532). Depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and cognitive impairment (Brief Interview of Mental Status) were measured at admission and 90 days. Latent transition analysis was used to examine the prevalence of and the transition between latent statuses of depressive symptoms from admission to 90 days, and the association of cognitive impairment with the statuses at admission. RESULTS Four latent statuses of depressive symptoms were identified: 'Multiple Symptoms' (prevalence at admission: 17.3%; 90 days: 13.6%), 'Depressed mood' (20.0%; 19.5%), 'Fatigue' (27.4%; 25.7%), and 'Minimal Symptoms' (35.3%; 41.2%). Most residents remained in the same status from admission to 90 days. Compared to residents who were cognitively intact, those with moderate impairment were more likely to be in 'Multiple Symptoms' and 'Fatigue' statuses; those with severe impairment had lower odds of belonging to 'Multiple Symptoms', 'Depressed Mood', and 'Fatigue' statuses. CONCLUSION By addressing the longitudinal changes in the heterogeneous depressive symptoms and the role of cognitive impairment, findings have implications for depression management in older NH residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Yuan
- Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kate L. Lapane
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Anthony J. Rothschild
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Healthcare, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christine M. Ulbricht
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Newton SS, Sathyanesan M. Erythropoietin and Non-Erythropoietic Derivatives in Cognition. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:728725. [PMID: 34552490 PMCID: PMC8450392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.728725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are widespread in psychiatric disorders, including major depression and schizophrenia. These deficits are known to contribute significantly to the accompanying functional impairment. Progress in the development of targeted treatments of cognitive deficits has been limited and there exists a major unmet need to develop more efficacious treatments. Erythropoietin (Epo) has shown promising procognitive effects in psychiatric disorders, providing support for a neurotrophic drug development approach. Several preclinical studies with non-erythropoietic derivatives have demonstrated that the modulation of behavior is independent of erythropoiesis. In this review, we examine the molecular, cellular and cognitive actions of Epo and non-erythropoietic molecular derivatives by focusing on their neurotrophic, synaptic, myelin plasticity, anti-inflammatory and neurogenic mechanisms in the brain. We also discuss the role of receptor signaling in Epo and non-erythropoietic EPO-mimetic molecules in their procognitive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Newton
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States.,Sioux Falls VA Healthcare System, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Monica Sathyanesan
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States.,Sioux Falls VA Healthcare System, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
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Dotson VM, Gradone AM, Bogoian HR, Minto LR, Taiwo Z, Salling ZN. Be Fit, Be Sharp, Be Well: The Case for Exercise as a Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Late-life Depression. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:776-789. [PMID: 34154693 PMCID: PMC10436256 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To lay out the argument that exercise impacts neurobiological targets common to both mood and cognitive functioning, and thus more research should be conducted on its use as an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in late-life depression (LLD). METHOD This narrative review summarizes the literature on cognitive impairment in LLD, describes the structural and functional brain changes and neurochemical changes that are linked to both cognitive impairment and mood disruption, and explains how exercise targets these same neurobiological changes and can thus provide an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in LLD. RESULTS Cognitive impairment is common in LLD and predicts recurrence of depression, poor response to antidepressant treatment, and overall disability. Traditional depression treatment with medication, psychotherapy, or both, is not effective in fully reversing cognitive impairment for most depressed older adults. Physical exercise is an ideal treatment candidate based on evidence that it 1) is an effective treatment for depression, 2) enhances cognitive functioning in normal aging and in other patient populations, and 3) targets many of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie mood and cognitive functioning. Results of the limited existing clinical trials of exercise for cognitive impairment in depression are mixed but overall support this contention. CONCLUSIONS Although limited, existing evidence suggests exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunctive treatment to address cognitive impairment in LLD, and thus more research in this area is warranted. Moving forward, additional research is needed in large, diverse samples to translate the growing research findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vonetta M. Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University
| | | | | | - Lex R. Minto
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
| | - Zinat Taiwo
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
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Saberi A, Mohammadi E, Zarei M, Eickhoff SB, Tahmasian M. Structural and functional neuroimaging of late-life depression: a coordinate-based meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:518-531. [PMID: 34331655 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Several neuroimaging studies have investigated localized aberrations in brain structure, function or connectivity in late-life depression, but the ensuing results are equivocal and often conflicting. Here, we provide a quantitative consolidation of neuroimaging in late-life depression using coordinate-based meta-analysis by searching multiple databases up to March 2020. Our search revealed 3252 unique records, among which we identified 32 eligible whole-brain neuroimaging publications comparing 674 patients with 568 controls. The peak coordinates of group comparisons between the patients and the controls were extracted and then analyzed using activation likelihood estimation method. Our sufficiently powered analysis on all the experiments, and more homogenous subsections of the data (patients > controls, controls > patients, and functional imaging experiments) revealed no significant convergent regional abnormality in late-life depression. This inconsistency might be due to clinical and biological heterogeneity of LLD, as well as experimental (e.g., choice of tasks, image modalities) and analytic flexibility (e.g., preprocessing and analytic parameters), and distributed patterns of neural abnormalities. Our findings highlight the importance of clinical/biological heterogeneity of late-life depression, in addition to the need for more reproducible research by using pre-registered and standardized protocols on more homogenous populations to identify potential consistent brain abnormalities in late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Saberi
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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McClintock SM, Minto L, Denney DA, Bailey KC, Cullum CM, Dotson VM. Clinical Neuropsychological Evaluation in Older Adults With Major Depressive Disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:55. [PMID: 34255167 PMCID: PMC8764751 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Older adults with major depressive disorder are particularly vulnerable to MDD-associated adverse cognitive effects including slowed processing speed, decreased attention, and executive dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to describe the approach to a clinical neuropsychological evaluation in older adults with MDD. Specifically, this review compares and contrasts neurocognitive screening and clinical neuropsychological evaluation procedures and details the multiple components of the clinical neuropsychological evaluation. RECENT FINDINGS Research has shown that neurocognitive screening serves a useful purpose to provide an acute and rapid assessment of global cognitive function; however, it has limited sensitivity and specificity. The clinical neuropsychological evaluation process is multifaceted and encompasses a review of available medical records, neurobehavioral status and diagnostic interview, comprehensive cognitive and clinical assessment, examination of inclusion and diversity factors as well as symptom and performance validity, and therapeutic feedback. As such, the evaluation provides invaluable information on multiple cognitive functions, establishes brain and behavior relationships, clarifies neuropsychiatric diagnoses, and can inform the etiology of cognitive impairment. Clinical neuropsychological evaluation plays a unique and critical role in integrated healthcare for older adults with MDD. Indeed, the evaluation can serve as a nexus to synthesize information across healthcare providers in order to maximize measurement-based care that can optimize personalized medicine and overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M McClintock
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-8898, USA.
- Division of Brain Stimulation and Neurophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Lex Minto
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A Denney
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-8898, USA
| | - K Chase Bailey
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-8898, USA
| | - C Munro Cullum
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-8898, USA
| | - Vonetta M Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA, 30302-5010, USA
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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45
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Muhammad T, Meher T. Association of late-life depression with cognitive impairment: evidence from a cross-sectional study among older adults in India. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:364. [PMID: 34130632 PMCID: PMC8204463 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression (LLD) is considered as a prodrome to dementia and plays a major role in the development of long-term cognitive disabilities. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of LLD and cognitive impairment and to explore their associations among older adults in India. METHODS Data for this study was derived from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 (2017-18). The total sample included 31,464 (15,098 male and 16,366 female) older individuals aged 60 years and above. Cognitive impairment measured from various domains derived from the cognitive module of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and major depression measured by the CIDI-SF (Composite International Diagnostic Interview- Short Form) were the outcome variables. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were performed to fulfill the objectives of the study. RESULTS The overall prevalence of LLD and cognitive impairment for the current sample was 8.7% and 13.7 % respectively. Among older individuals who have rated their health status as poor were 2.59 times more likely to suffer from LLD [OR: 2.59, CI: 2.24-2.99] as compared to their counterparts. The older adults who had difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were 74% and 69 % more likely to suffer from LLD. Similarly, older adults who were depressed had higher odds of cognitive impairment [OR: 1.22, CI: 1.01-1.48] compared to their counterparts. Also, older adults who were depressed and belonged to rural areas were 2.58 times [AOR: 2.58, CI: 1.95-3.41] more likely to be cognitively impaired than those who were not depressed and resided in urban areas. CONCLUSIONS Depression is linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia; therefore, failing to diagnose and treat LLD in later life may have significant health implications. Moreover, treatment under the care of a cognitive neurologist or geriatric psychiatrist is recommended for people with LLD and cognitive disability due to both the disorders' complex existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, 400088 Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Trupti Meher
- International Institute for Population Sciences, 400088 Mumbai, Maharashtra India
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46
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MacAulay RK, Boeve A, D'Errico L, Halpin A, Szeles DM, Wagner MT. Slower gait speed increases risk of falling in older adults with depression and cognitive complaints. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2021; 27:1576-1581. [PMID: 33779435 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1903056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Slowed gait is one of the strongest predictors of fall risk in older adults. The present study investigated whether gait speed mediated the relationship between depression and fall history in 147 older adults presenting to a memory clinic for cognitive complaints. Depression, cognitive status, gait speed, and number of falls within the last year were the primary measures. Results revealed fallers, relative to non-fallers, had slower gait speed and higher depression scores. As hypothesized, analyses using the PROCESS macro found that gait mediated the relationship between depression and fall history. Additionally, the combination of depression and mild cognitive impairments (MCI) associated with a significantly greater likelihood of falling. Our findings indicate that combined depression and MCI have additive effects on fall risk, likely through the destabilizing effect of slowed gait on balance. Better understanding the underlying pathophysiology involved in MCI and depression-related gait disturbances may lead to improved intervention targets for fall risk prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K MacAulay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine 301 Little Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Angelica Boeve
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine 301 Little Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Lisa D'Errico
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine 301 Little Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Amy Halpin
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine 301 Little Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Dana M Szeles
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mark T Wagner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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47
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Mulat N, Gutema H, Wassie GT. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among elderly people in Womberma District, north-west, Ethiopia. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:136. [PMID: 33685419 PMCID: PMC7938572 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder that suffers many elderly people who are neglected, their problems are overlooked, and no efforts are made to mitigate their suffering. It is a mental health problem which is both underdiagnosed and under treated in primary care settings. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among elderly people in Womberma District, Ethiopia. METHODS A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 10/2020 - April 08/2020. From a 2269 study population, 959 study participants were selected by using computer-generated simple random sampling techniques from selected kebeles. Data were collected using Geriatric depression scale item 15 through face-to-face interviews. Then, entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23.0 for analyses. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of depression. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported and statistical significance was declared at P-values < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of depression among elderly people was 45% [95% CI: 41.7-48.5%]. Being female [AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [(1.15-2.23)], (age > =75 years [AOR = 7.95, 95% CI (4.98-12.68)], age 70-74 years [AOR = 5.52, 95% CI (3.52-8.66)], age 65-69 years [AOR = 2.39,95% CI (1.54-3.70)]; divorced [AOR = 2.53, 95% CI (1.59-4.03)], widowed [AOR = 2.65, 95% CI (1.61-4.34)]; poor social support [AOR = 3.32, 95% CI (1.77-6.23)] and presence of known chronic disease [AOR = 1.91, 95% CI (1.30-2.81)] were significantly associated factors with depression. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the prevalence of depression among elderly people was high compared with previous studies done in other parts of Ethiopia. Older age, being female, marital loss, presence of known chronic disease, and poor social support were contributing factors for depression among elders. Early screening and co-morbidity management of depression should be comprised in basic primary health care packages. And also, ensuring adequate social support by establishing the Geriatrics care center could play a crucial role to mitigate the suffering of the elders from marital loss provoked loneness and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebiyu Mulat
- Womberma District Health Office, Dembecha, Amhara Region Ethiopia
| | - Hordofa Gutema
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Health promotion and Behavioral sciences, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Tadesse Wassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
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48
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Geraets AFJ, Schram MT, Jansen JFA, Koster A, Dagnelie PC, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Stehouwer CDA, Verhey FRJ, Köhler S. The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-10. [PMID: 33634767 PMCID: PMC9772903 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with depression often experience widespread and persistent cognitive deficits, which might be due to brain atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We therefore studied the associations between depression, markers of brain atrophy and CSVD, and cognitive functioning. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Maastricht study (n = 4734; mean age 59.1 ± 8.6 years, 50.2% women), which focuses on type 2 diabetes. A current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 151) was assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Volumes of cerebral spinal fluid, white matter, gray matter and white matter hyperintensities, presence of lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, and total CSVD burden were assessed by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses tested the associations between MDD, brain markers and cognitive functioning in memory, information processing speed, and executive functioning & attention, and presence of cognitive impairment. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, MDD was associated with lower scores in information processing speed [mean difference = -0.18(-0.28;-0.08)], executive functioning & attention [mean difference = -0.13(-0.25;-0.02)], and with higher odds of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60(1.06;2.40)]. MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes [OR = 1.65(1.06;2.56)], but CSVD or other markers of brain atrophy or CSVD did not mediate the association with cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS MDD is associated with more impaired information processing speed and executive functioning & attention, and overall cognitive impairment. Furthermore, MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes, but this association did not explain an impaired cognitive profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk F. J. Geraets
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T. Schram
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacobus F. A. Jansen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D. A. Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans R. J. Verhey
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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49
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Hyung WSW, Kang J, Kim J, Lee S, Youn H, Ham BJ, Han C, Suh S, Han CE, Jeong HG. Cerebral amyloid accumulation is associated with distinct structural and functional alterations in the brain of depressed elders with mild cognitive impairment. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:459-466. [PMID: 33360748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elderly patients with late-life depression (LLD) often report mild cognitive impairment (MCI), so Alzheimer's disease (AD) is hard to identify in these patients. We aimed to identify the structural and functional differences between prodromal AD and LLD-related MCI. METHODS We performed voxel-based morphometry and functional connectivity (FC) analyses in elderly patients with both LLD and MCI to compare alterations between those with cerebral amyloidopathy and those without. We subdivided patients into subthreshold depression (STD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) groups. Using florbetaben positron emission tomography (PET), we compared volume and connectivity between healthy controls and four STD and MDD groups with or without amyloid deposition(A): STD-MCI-A(+), MDD-MCI-A(+), STD-MCI-A(-), and MDD-MCI-A(-). RESULTS Subjects with MDD or amyloid deposition showed greater volume reduction in the left middle temporal gyrus. MDD groups had lower FC than STD groups in the frontal, cortical, and limbic areas. The STD-MCI-A(+) group showed greater FC reduction than the MDD-MCI-A(-) and STD-MCI-A(-) groups, particularly in the hippocampus, parahippocampus, and frontal and temporal cortices. The functional differences associated with amyloid plaques were more evident in the STD group than in the MDD group. LIMITATIONS Limitations include disproportional sex ratios, inability to determine the longitudinal effects of amyloidopathy in large populations. CONCLUSIONS Regional gray matter loss and alterations in brain networks may reflect impairments caused by amyloid deposition and depression. Such changes may facilitate the detection of prodromal AD in elderly patients with both depression and cognitive dysfunction, allowing earlier intervention and more appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Seok William Hyung
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunChul Youn
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Suh
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol E Han
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ghang Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Rhodes E, Insel PS, Butters MA, Morin R, Bickford D, Tosun D, Gessert D, Rosen HJ, Aisen P, Raman R, Landau S, Saykin A, Toga A, Jack CR, Weiner MW, Nelson C, Mackin RS. The Impact of Amyloid Burden and APOE on Rates of Cognitive Impairment in Late Life Depression. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:991-1002. [PMID: 33682706 PMCID: PMC8935860 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment (CI) is a key feature of late life depression (LLD), but the contribution of underlying neurodegenerative pathology remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate cognitive dysfunction in LLD relative to a sample of nondepressed (ND) older adults with matched levels of memory impairment and amyloid-β (Aβ) burden. METHODS Participants included 120 LLD and 240 ND older adults matched on age, education, sex, Mini-Mental State Exam, mild cognitive impairment diagnosis, and PET Aβ burden. RESULTS LLD showed higher rates of impairment relative to ND with 54.6% of the LLD sample demonstrating impairment in at least one cognitive domain compared to 42.9% of controls (H = 7.13, p = 0.008). LLD had poorer performance and higher rates of impairment on Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test learning and memory compared to controls. In the overall sample, Aβ positivity was associated with worse performance on Logical Memory I (p = 0.044), Logical Memory II (p = 0.011), and Trail Making Test -B (p = 0.032), and APOEɛ4 genotype was associated with worse performance on Logical Memory I (p = 0.022); these relationships did not differ between LLD and ND. CONCLUSION LLD showed higher rates of CI driven by focal deficits in verbal learning and memory. Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers were associated with worse performance on timed set-shifting and story learning and memory, and these relationships were not impacted by depression status. These findings suggest that AD may account for a portion of previously reported multi-domain CI in LLD and highlight the potential for AD to confound studies of cognition in LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rhodes
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philip S. Insel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Meryl A. Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ruth Morin
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Bickford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Duygu Tosun
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Devon Gessert
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howie J. Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul Aisen
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, San Dieeo, CA, USA
| | - Rema Raman
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, San Dieeo, CA, USA
| | - Susan Landau
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Saykin
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arthur Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael W. Weiner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Craig Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R. Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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