1
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Venezia V, Pota G, Argenziano R, Alfieri ML, Moccia F, Ferrara F, Pecorelli A, Esposito R, Di Girolamo R, D'Errico G, Valacchi G, Luciani G, Panzella L, Napolitano A. Design of a hybrid nanoscaled skin photoprotector by boosting the antioxidant properties of food waste-derived lignin through molecular combination with TiO 2 nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135946. [PMID: 39332570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
TiO2 nanoparticles loaded with pistachio shell lignin (8 % and 29 % w/w) were prepared by a hydrothermal wet chemistry approach. The efficient interaction at the molecular level of the biomacromolecule and inorganic component was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis. The synergistic combination of lignin and TiO2 nanoparticles played a key role in the functional properties of the hybrid material, which exhibited boosted features compared to the separate organic and inorganic phase. In particular, the hybrid TiO2-lignin nanoparticles showed a broader UV-Vis protection range and remarkable antioxidant performance in aqueous media. They could also better protect human skin explants from the DNA damaging effect of UV radiations compared to TiO2 as indicated by lower levels of p-H2A.X, a marker of DNA damage, at 6 h from exposure. In addition, the samples could protect the skin against the structural damage occurring 24 h post UV radiations by preventing the loss of keratin 10. These results open new perspectives in the exploitation of food-waste derived phenolic polymers for the design of efficient antioxidant materials for skin photoprotection in a circular economy perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Venezia
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Pota
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Argenziano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Alfieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Moccia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Esposito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, 600 Laureate Wy., Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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2
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Xiao H, Wang L, Bu N, Duan J, Pang J. Electrospun Photodynamic Antibacterial Konjac Glucomannan/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanofibers Incorporated with Lignin-Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Curcumin for Food Packaging. Foods 2024; 13:2007. [PMID: 38998513 PMCID: PMC11240967 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing concerns surrounding microbial contamination and food safety, there has been a surge of interest in fabricating novel food packaging with highly efficient antibacterial activity. Herein, we describe novel photodynamic antibacterial konjac glucomannan (KGM)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers incorporated with lignin-zinc oxide composite nanoparticles (L-ZnONPs) and curcumin (Cur) via electrospinning technology. The resulting KGM/PVP/Cur/L-ZnONPs nanofibers exhibited favorable hydrophobic properties (water contact angle: 118.1°), thermal stability, and flexibility (elongation at break: 241.9%). Notably, the inclusion of L-ZnONPs and Cur endowed the nanofibers with remarkable antioxidant (ABTS radical scavenging activity: 98.1%) and photodynamic antimicrobial properties, demonstrating enhanced inhibitory effect against both Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition: 12.4 mm) and Escherichia coli (12.1 mm). As a proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of applying nanofibers to fresh strawberries, and the findings demonstrated that our nanofibers could delay strawberry spoilage and inhibit microbial growth. This photodynamic antimicrobial approach holds promise for design of highly efficient antibacterial food packaging, thereby contributing to enhanced food safety and quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Nitong Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Duan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Pang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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3
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Li S, Jiang W, Wang H, Ma J, Zhou J, Liu Y. Integrated preparation of functional lignin nanoparticles and levulinic acid directly from the pre-hydrolysis liquor of poplar wood. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130906. [PMID: 38493611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) produced during pulp dissolution and biomass refining is mainly composed of hemicellulose and lignin, and it is a potential source for production of value-added materials and platform chemicals; however, their utilization has been a serious challenge. In this study, we proposed a green and simple strategy to simultaneously prepare size-controlled functional lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and levulinic acid (LA) from PHL as the raw material. The as-prepared LNPs exhibited remarkable stability thanks to the presence of saccharides with abundant oxygen-containing groups and surface charges, which prevented aggregation and maintained long-term storage stability. Trace amounts of the LNPs (≤ 0.2 wt%) could stabilize various Pickering emulsions, even with oil-to-water ratios as high as 5:5 (v/v). Subsequently, the remaining PHL was directly used to produce LA without adding a catalyst; under optimal conditions (160 °C and 1 h), the yield of LA was 56.3 % based on the dry saccharide content in the raw PHL. More importantly, p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH), the only reactive reagent used during the entire preparation process, including the two preparation steps of the LNPs and LA, was reusable, and the recovery rate was >70 % after five cycles. Overall, this green and simple strategy effectively and comprehensively utilized the PHL and showed potential for producing biobased nanomaterials and platform chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Weikun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China.
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China
| | - Jinghui Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
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4
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Song X, Guo W, Zhu Z, Han G, Cheng W. Preparation of uniform lignin/titanium dioxide nanoparticles by confined assembly: A multifunctional nanofiller for a waterborne polyurethane wood coating. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128827. [PMID: 38134989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile synthesis for lignin/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (LT NPs) at room temperature by confining assembly of lignin macromolecules. The LT NPs had a uniform nanosize distribution (average diameter ∼ 68 nm) and were directly employed as multifunctional nanofillers to reinforce a waterborne polyurethane wood coating (WBC). X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the mechanism by which formed TiO2 confined lignin assembly. The LT NPs considerably increased the tensile strength of a WBC film from 16.3 MPa to 28.1 MPa. The WBC-LT NPs exhibited excellent ultraviolet (UV) A and UVB blocking performances of 87 % and 98 %, respectively, while maintaining 94 % transmittance in the visible region. Incorporating LT NPs into the WBC enhanced the coating performance (the hardness, adhesion, and abrasion resistance) on wood substrates. A quantitative color and texture analysis revealed that the LT NPs increased the decorativeness of actual wooden products. After nearly 1800 h of UV irradiation, wood coated with the WBC-LT NPs exhibited good color stability, where the original color remained unchanged or even became brighter. In this study, value-added valorization of lignin is enabled by using organic-inorganic nanofillers and insights are gained into developing multifunctional WBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Song
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Wenxiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Guangping Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Wanli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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5
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Fan Y, Ji H, Ji X, Tian Z, Chen J. Lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment with a lignin stabilization strategy and valorization toward multipurpose fractionation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129186. [PMID: 38184047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a promising alternative with sustainable advantages for the production of a wide range of renewable products and value-added chemicals. In this study, a pretreatment strategy that use a fully recyclable acid hydrotrope (p-TsOH aqueous solution) to extract lignin and employ glyoxylic acid (GA) to stabilize lignin was proposed for biomass valorization toward multipurpose fractionation. 83.0 % of lignin was dissolved out by p-TsOH hydrotrope (80 wt%) with GA addition to form GA-stabilized product at 80 o C for 15 min. The stabilized lignin was subsequently used as an additive in the preparation of lignin-based suncream. Notably, the incorporation of 4 wt% lignin nanospheres into an SPF15 sunscreen yielded a measured SPF of 59.94. Furthermore, the depolymerization of uncondensed lignin into aromatic monomers yielded a high lignin-oil yield of 84.2 %. Additionally, direct heating of the pretreatment liquor facilitated the conversion of monosaccharides into furfural, achieving a desired yield of 53.7 % without the addition of any acid catalyst. The pretreatment also enhanced the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucan, resulting in a saccharification yield of 98.4 %. Moreover, short-term ultrasonication of the pretreated substrate yielded pulp suitable for papermaking. Incorporating 15 wt% fibers into the produced paper sheets led to a 5.3 % increase in tear index and a 25.4 % increase in tensile index. This study presents a viable pretreatment strategy for the multipurpose fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass, offering potential avenues for biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Hairui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xingxiang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhongjian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jiachuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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6
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Omotosho KD, Gurung V, Banerjee P, Shevchenko EV, Berman D. Self-Cleaning Highly Porous TiO 2 Coating Designed by Swelling-Assisted Sequential Infiltration Synthesis (SIS) of a Block Copolymer Template. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38337197 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic self-cleaning coatings with a high surface area are important for a wide range of applications, including optical coatings, solar panels, mirrors, etc. Here, we designed a highly porous TiO2 coating with photoinduced self-cleaning characteristics and very high hydrophilicity. This was achieved using the swelling-assisted sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) of a block copolymer (BCP) template, which was followed by polymer removal via oxidative thermal annealing. The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was employed to optimize the infiltration process by estimating the mass of material infiltrated into the polymer template as a function of the number of SIS cycles. This adopted swelling-assisted SIS approach resulted in a smooth uniform TiO2 film with an interconnected network of pores. The synthesized film exhibited good crystallinity in the anatase phase. The resulting nanoporous TiO2 coatings were tested for their functional characteristics. Exposure to UV irradiation for 1 h induced an improvement in the hydrophilicity of coatings with wetting angle reducing to unmeasurable values upon contact with water droplets. Furthermore, their self-cleaning characteristics were tested by measuring the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The synthesized porous TiO2 nanostructures displayed promising photocatalytic activity, demonstrating the degradation of approximately 92% of MB after 180 min under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Thus, the level of performance was comparable to the photoactivity of commercial anatase TiO2 nanoparticles of the same quantity. Our results highlight a new robust approach for designing hydrophilic self-cleaning coatings with controlled porosity and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil D Omotosho
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Vasanta Gurung
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Progna Banerjee
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Elena V Shevchenko
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Diana Berman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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7
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Mascarenhas-Melo F, Mathur A, Murugappan S, Sharma A, Tanwar K, Dua K, Singh SK, Mazzola PG, Yadav DN, Rengan AK, Veiga F, Paiva-Santos AC. Inorganic nanoparticles in dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic products: Properties, formulation development, toxicity, and regulatory issues. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:25-40. [PMID: 37739239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology strategies is a current hot topic, and research in this field has been growing significantly in the cosmetics industry. Inorganic nanoparticles stand out in this context for their distinctive physicochemical properties, leading in particular to an increased refractive index and absorption capacity giving them a broad potential for cutaneous applications and making them of special interest in research for dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. This performance is responsible for its heavy inclusion in the manufacture of skin health products such as sunscreens, lotions, beauty creams, skin ointments, makeup, and others. In particular, their suitable bandgap energy characteristics allow them to be used as photocatalytic semiconductors. They provide excellent UV absorption, commonly known as UV filters, and are responsible for their wide worldwide use in sunscreen formulations without the undesirable white residue after consumer application. In addition, cosmetics based on inorganic nanoparticles have several additional characteristics relevant to formulation development, such as being less expensive compared to other nanomaterials, having greater stability, and ensuring less irritation, itching, and propensity for skin allergies. This review will address in detail the main inorganic nanoparticles used in dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic products, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, silver, gold, copper, and aluminum nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and quantum dots, reporting their physicochemical characteristics, but also their additional intrinsic properties that contribute to their use in this type of formulations. Safety issues regarding inorganic nanoparticles, based on toxicity studies, both to humans and the environment, as well as regulatory affairs associated with their use in dermopharmaceuticals and cosmetics, will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mascarenhas-Melo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Abode Biotec India Private Limited, Hyderbad, Telangana, India
| | - Sivasubramanian Murugappan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Arpana Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Mewar University, Gangrar, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India
| | | | - Dokkari Nagalaxmi Yadav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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8
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Ruwoldt J, Blindheim FH, Chinga-Carrasco G. Functional surfaces, films, and coatings with lignin - a critical review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12529-12553. [PMID: 37101953 PMCID: PMC10123495 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08179b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant polyaromatic biopolymer. Due to its rich and versatile chemistry, many applications have been proposed, which include the formulation of functional coatings and films. In addition to replacing fossil-based polymers, the lignin biopolymer can be part of new material solutions. Functionalities may be added, such as UV-blocking, oxygen scavenging, antimicrobial, and barrier properties, which draw on lignin's intrinsic and unique features. As a result, various applications have been proposed, including polymer coatings, adsorbents, paper-sizing additives, wood veneers, food packaging, biomaterials, fertilizers, corrosion inhibitors, and antifouling membranes. Today, technical lignin is produced in large volumes in the pulp and paper industry, whereas even more diverse products are prospected to be available from future biorefineries. Developing new applications for lignin is hence paramount - both from a technological and economic point of view. This review article is therefore summarizing and discussing the current research-state of functional surfaces, films, and coatings with lignin, where emphasis is put on the formulation and application of such solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jost Ruwoldt
- RISE PFI AS Høgskoleringen 6B Trondheim 7491 Norway
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9
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Zhang J, Tian Z, Ji XX, Zhang F. Light-colored lignin extraction by ultrafiltration membrane fractionation for lignin nanoparticles preparation as UV-blocking sunscreen. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123244. [PMID: 36639084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of applications are available for kraft lignin (KL). However, the dark color and wide size distribution of KL make it challenging to use in cosmetics and nanoparticle preparation. In this study, we fractionated KL from a paper-making enterprise using ultrafiltration membrane fractionation, and obtained four kinds of lignin with different molecular weights, namely ultrafiltration lignin (UL). Following that, lignin nanoparticles (ULNPs) were formed by self-assembly from four types of UL. Analyzing the UL and ULNP properties, the low molecular weight lignin, such as ULA, exhibited good antioxidant properties (89.47 %, 5 mg/mL), high brightness (ISO% = 7.55), high L⁎ value (L⁎ = 72.3) and low polydispersity index (PDI = 1.41). The ULNP showed a narrow size distribution (0.8-1.4 m) and high dispersibility in sunscreen. When ULNP was added to sunscreen with 5 % load, its sun protection factor (SPF) value increased from 14.93 to 63.74. Therefore, this study offered an effective way for the comprehensive utilization of pulping waste KL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Zhongjian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250353, China; Shandong Huatai Paper Co., Ltd, Dongying, Shandong 257355, China.
| | - Xing-Xiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250353, China.
| | - Fengshan Zhang
- Shandong Huatai Paper Co., Ltd, Dongying, Shandong 257355, China
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10
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Fonseca M, Rehman M, Soares R, Fonte P. The Impact of Flavonoid-Loaded Nanoparticles in the UV Protection and Safety Profile of Topical Sunscreens. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030493. [PMID: 36979428 PMCID: PMC10046639 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive UV radiation exposure is harmful to skin cells since sunburn is accompanied by oxidative burst, leading to a rapid increase in skin cancer. However, the insufficient UV photoprotection of approved sunscreens and the negative impact of their compositions on ecosystems and human health makes the utility of sunscreen a questionable recommendation. Therefore, discovering UV filters with significant antioxidant activity and improved topical performance and photostability is an urgent need. Recently, the use of nanosized natural molecules incorporated in sunscreens has been a scientific hot topic, as it has been suggested that they provide a synergistic effect with synthetic UV filters, improving overall SPF and antioxidant activity, higher retention on the epidermis, and less toxicity. The aim of this review was to verify the usefulness of sunscreens incorporating flavonoid-loaded nanoparticles. A literature review was performed, where original and review articles published in the last 6 years were analyzed. Formulations containing nanosized flavonoids with improved UVA photoprotection and safer toxicological profiles, associated or not with synthetic filters, are promising sunscreens and more clinical investigation must be performed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Fonseca
- EPI Unit, Department of Epidemiological Research, Institute of Public Health of University of Porto (ISPUP), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mubashar Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Raquel Soares
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al Prof Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonte
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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11
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Muzata TS, Gebrekrstos A, Orasugh JT, Ray SS. An overview of recent advances in polymer composites with improved
UV
‐shielding properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata
- Department of Polymer Technology and Engineering Harare Institute of Technology Harare Zimbabwe
| | - Amanuel Gebrekrstos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Jonathan Tersur Orasugh
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
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12
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Sadeghifar H, Ragauskas A. Lignin as a bioactive polymer and heavy metal absorber- an overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136564. [PMID: 36155017 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a pulping and bio-refinery by-product with phenolic chemical structure, lignin indicated high potential as natural antioxidant activity, UV blocker, antibacterial and toxic material absorbent properties. Presence of phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin structure plays the main role of its antioxidant activity. However, lignin antioxidant power can change depending on its other structural features and functional groups like ortho-methoxy groups, -OCH3 groups, the α-CH2 groups, the aliphatic carbonyl groups, and the size of π-conjugated systems. Lignin in mixture with synthetic polymers, improved their thermal stability. Lignin has high UV light absorbing potential in broad-spectrum (UVA, UVB). Adding 1-5% of lignin into hand cream indicated excellent range of sun protection factor (SPF) with more than 95% UV light absorption. Lignin also indicated strong UV light protection when applied in different transparent film and protect paint, oil, and varnish from UV degradation. Lignosulfonate and other modified lignin including chemically modification, nano-particles and lignin hydrogel indicated high potential as heavy metal absorber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Sadeghifar
- Hollingsworth & Vose, R&D Center, 219 Townsend Road, Groton, MA, 01450, USA.
| | - Arthur Ragauskas
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, TN, USA; Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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13
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Biodegradable, Flexible and Ultraviolet Blocking Nanocellulose Composite Film Incorporated with Lignin Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314863. [PMID: 36499190 PMCID: PMC9735624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of functional films using sustainable cellulose-based materials to replace plastics has been of much interest. In this work, two kinds of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were mixed with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) for the fabrication of composite films with biodegradable, flexible and ultraviolet blocking performances. LNPs isolated from p-toluenesulfonic acid hydrolysis was easily recondensed and deposited on the surface of composite film, resulting in a more uneven surface; however, the composite film consisting of CNFs and LNPs isolated from maleic acid hydrolysis exhibited a homogeneous surface. Compared to pure CNF film, the composite CNF/LNP films exhibited higher physical properties (tensile strength of 164 MPa and Young's modulus of 8.0 GPa), a higher maximal weight loss temperature of 310 °C, and a perfect UVB blocking performance of 95.2%. Meanwhile, the composite film had a lower environmental impact as it could be rapidly biodegraded in soil and manmade seawater. Overall, our results open new avenues for the utilization of lignin nanoparticles in biopolymer composites to produce functional and biodegradable film as a promising alternative to petrochemical plastics.
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14
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Bertella S, Bernardes Figueirêdo M, De Angelis G, Mourez M, Bourmaud C, Amstad E, Luterbacher JS. Extraction and Surfactant Properties of Glyoxylic Acid-Functionalized Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200270. [PMID: 35532091 PMCID: PMC9543430 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The amphiphilic chemical structure of native lignin, composed by a hydrophobic aromatic core and hydrophilic hydroxy groups, makes it a promising alternative for the development of bio-based surface-active compounds. However, the severe conditions traditionally needed during biomass fractionation make lignin prone to condensation and cause it to lose hydrophilic hydroxy groups in favour of the formation of C-C bonds, ultimately decreasing lignin's abilities to lower surface tension of water/oil mixtures. Therefore, it is often necessary to further functionalize lignin in additional synthetic steps in order to obtain a surfactant with suitable properties. In this work, multifunctional aldehyde-assisted fractionation with glyoxylic acid (GA) was used to prevent lignin condensation and simultaneously introduce a controlled amount of carboxylic acid on the lignin backbone for its further use as surfactant. After fully characterizing the extracted GA-lignin, its surface activity was measured in several water/oil systems at different pH values. Then, the stability of water/mineral oil emulsions was evaluated at different pH and over a course of 30 days by traditional photography and microscopy imaging. Further, the use of GA-lignin as a surfactant was investigated in the formulation of a cosmetic hand cream composed of industrially relevant ingredients. Contrary to industrial lignins such as Kraft lignin, GA-lignin did not alter the color or smell of the formulation. Finally, the surface activity of GA-lignin was compared with other lignin-based and fossil-based surfactants, showing that GA-lignin presented similar or better surface-active properties compared to some of the most commonly used surfactants. The overall results showed that GA-lignin, a biopolymer that can be made exclusively from renewable carbon, can successfully be extracted in one step from lignocellulosic biomass. This lignin can be used as an effective surfactant without further modification, and as such is a promising candidate for the development of new bio-based surface-active products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bertella
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic ProcessingInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Monique Bernardes Figueirêdo
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic ProcessingInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Gaia De Angelis
- Soft Materials LaboratoryInstitute of MaterialsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Malcolm Mourez
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic ProcessingInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
- Department of ChemistryÉcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128Palaiseau CedexFrance
| | - Claire Bourmaud
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic ProcessingInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Esther Amstad
- Soft Materials LaboratoryInstitute of MaterialsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jeremy S. Luterbacher
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic ProcessingInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland
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15
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Li R, Huang D, Chen S, Lei L, Chen Y, Tao J, Zhou W, Wang G. From residue to resource: new insights into the synthesis of functionalized lignin micro/nanospheres by self-assembly technology for waste resource utilization. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10299-10320. [PMID: 35834293 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Among the most abundant biopolymers in the biosphere, lignin is a renewable aromatic compound that represents an untapped opportunity to create new biological products. However, the complex interlacing structures of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, as well as the unique properties of lignin, limit the utilization of value-added lignin. Lignin-based nanomaterials open the door for lignin applications in environmental pollutant remediation, biofuel production, biomedicine, and other fields. Herein, we present various factors influencing the formation of micro-nanospheres by self-assembly techniques through a review of previous literature, and emphasize the simple and green synthesis of lignin micro/nanospheres (LMNPs) under non-modified conditions. More importantly, we discuss the mechanism of the formation of nanospheres. Considering the heterogeneity of lignin and the polarity of different solvents, we propose that self-assembly techniques should focus more on the influence brought by lignin itself or the solvent, so that the external conditions can be controlled to prepare LMNPs, which can be used in specific fields. A brief overview of the contribution of lignin-based nanomaterials in various fields is also presented. This review could provide insight for the development of lignin-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yashi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiaxi Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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16
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Chen K, Zhou X, Wang D, Li J, Qi D. Synthesis and characterization of a broad-spectrum TiO2@lignin UV-protection agent with high antioxidant and emulsifying activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Kaschuk JJ, Al Haj Y, Rojas OJ, Miettunen K, Abitbol T, Vapaavuori J. Plant-Based Structures as an Opportunity to Engineer Optical Functions in Next-Generation Light Management. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104473. [PMID: 34699648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the reconstruction of structural plant components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses) into materials displaying advanced optical properties. The strategies to isolate the main building blocks are discussed, and the effects of fibrillation, fibril alignment, densification, self-assembly, surface-patterning, and compositing are presented considering their role in engineering optical performance. Then, key elements that enable lignocellulosic to be translated into materials that present optical functionality, such as transparency, haze, reflectance, UV-blocking, luminescence, and structural colors, are described. Mapping the optical landscape that is accessible from lignocellulosics is shown as an essential step toward their utilization in smart devices. Advanced materials built from sustainable resources, including those obtained from industrial or agricultural side streams, demonstrate enormous promise in optoelectronics due to their potentially lower cost, while meeting or even exceeding current demands in performance. The requirements are summarized for the production and application of plant-based optically functional materials in different smart material applications and the review is concluded with a perspective about this active field of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Jaqueline Kaschuk
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, 00076, Finland
| | - Yazan Al Haj
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, 00076, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical Engineering, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kati Miettunen
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20500, Finland
| | - Tiffany Abitbol
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, SE-114 28, Sweden
| | - Jaana Vapaavuori
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
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18
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Skin bioinspired anti-ultraviolet melanin/TiO2 nanoparticles without penetration for efficient broad-spectrum sunscreen. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding polylactide composites containing hierarchical structured POSS functionalized lignin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:323-332. [PMID: 34375661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The demand for biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding materials is ever increasing due to the rising concern for the environment. In this paper, biobased lignin was functionalized by polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with an epoxy substituent. Then the POSS decorated lignin (lignin-POSS) was mixed with polylactide (PLA) to act as UV-shielding filler by melt compounding. The SEM observation revealed that the presence of POSS contributed to improving the homogeneous dispersion of lignin-POSS in the PLA matrix with good compatibility when the content of lignin-POSS was lower than 5 wt%. The synergistic effects of lignin and POSS endowed PLA composite films with a good balance of UV-shielding ability and transparency in the visible light region. With the addition of 5 wt% lignin-POSS, the PLA composite film absorbed almost all UV irradiation across the entire UV spectrum. In addition, the presence of lignin-POSS could serve as a nucleating agent to increase the degree of crystallinity of PLA. The dynamical rheological tests revealed that the lignin-POSSS reduced the complex viscosity and storage modulus of PLA composites, improving the flowability of PLA composites. This work presents a viable pathway to prepare biodegradable and renewable UV-shielding materials for potential packaging applications.
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20
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Finding Nano: Challenges Involved in Monitoring the Presence and Fate of Engineered Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has increasingly been used as an inorganic ultraviolet (UV) filter for sun protection. However, nano-TiO2 may also pose risks to the health of humans and the environment. Thus, to adequately assess its potential adverse effects, a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour and fate of TiO2 in different environments is crucial. Advances in analytical and modelling methods continue to improve researchers’ ability to quantify and determine the state of nano-TiO2 in various environments. However, due to the complexity of environmental and nanoparticle factors and their interplay, this remains a challenging and poorly resolved feat. This paper aims to provide a focused summary of key particle and environmental characteristics that influence the behaviour and fate of sunscreen-derived TiO2 in swimming pool water and natural aquatic environments and to review the current state-of-the-art of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) approaches to detect and characterise TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous media. Furthermore, it critically analyses the capability of existing fate and transport models to predict environmental TiO2 levels. Four particle and environmental key factors that govern the fate and behaviour of TiO2 in aqueous environments are identified. A comparison of SP-ICP-MS studies reveals that it remains challenging to detect and characterise engineered TiO2 nanoparticles in various matrices and highlights the need for the development of new SP-ICP-MS pre-treatment and analysis approaches. This review shows that modelling studies are an essential addition to experimental studies, but they still lack in spatial and temporal resolution and mostly exclude surface transformation processes. Finally, this study identifies the use of Bayesian Network-based models as an underexplored but promising modelling tool to overcome data uncertainties and incorporates interconnected variables.
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21
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Song J, Chen S, Zhao X, Cheng J, Ma Y, Ren S, Li S. Simple, green, ultrasound-assisted preparation of novel core-shell microcapsules from octyl methoxycinnamate and oligomeric proanthocyanidins for UV-stable sunscreen. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6374-6382. [PMID: 35423144 PMCID: PMC8694810 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09116b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Without sunscreens, UV rays in sunlight cause skin damage, ranging from dark spots and premature aging to skin cancer. Present sunscreens, however, are readily photodegraded, producing highly reactive radicals that can damage cells. To address this problem, we have now used ultrasound to prepare core-shell microcapsules, which offer improved protection against UV light and improved UV stability. The composite microcapsules have oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), which are amphiphilic plant-derived secondary metabolites, as the shell and octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), which is a UVB absorber, as the core. The polyphenolic flavonoid structure of OPCs improves the UV stability of OMC and thus avoids the skin damage caused by OMC photodegradation products. In the microcapsules, π-π stacking interactions between OPCs and OMC molecules enhance the ability of OMC to absorb UV radiation and extend the absorption range from the UVB region (280-320 nm) to include the UVA and UVC regions (200-400 nm). The composite microcapsules were shown to be stable on storage and to be non-irritant to human skin. The ultrasound-assisted preparation of OMC/OPCs composite microcapsules is simple, efficient and green and provides a feasible strategy for the development of novel, more effective, sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Junbo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Shixue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
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22
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Khan A, Goepel M, Lisowski W, Łomot D, Lisovytskiy D, Mazurkiewicz-Pawlicka M, Gläser R, Colmenares JC. Titania/chitosan–lignin nanocomposite as an efficient photocatalyst for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol under UV and visible light. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34996-35010. [PMID: 35494738 PMCID: PMC9042820 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06500a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing functional materials from biomass is a significant research subject due to its unique structure, abundant availability, biodegradability and low cost. A series of chitosan–lignin (CL) composites were prepared through a hydrothermal method by varying the weight ratio of chitosan and lignin. Subsequently, these CL composites were combined with titania (T) to form a nanocomposite (T/CL) using sol–gel and hydrothermal based methods. T/CL nanocomposites exhibited improved photocatalytic performance in comparison with sol–gel and hydrothermally prepared pristine titania (SGH-TiO2), towards the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BnOH) to benzaldehyde (Bnald) under UV (375 nm) and visible light (515 nm). More specifically, the 75T/CL(25 : 75) nanocomposite (a representative photocatalyst from the 75T/CL nanocomposite series) showed very high selectivity (94%) towards Bnald at 55% BnOH conversion under UV light. Whereas, SGH-TiO2 titania exhibited much lower (68%) selectivity for Bnald at similar BnOH conversion. Moreover, the 75T/CL(25 : 75) nanocomposite also showed excellent Bnald selectivity (100%) at moderate BnOH conversion (19%) under visible light. Whereas, SGH-TiO2 did not show any activity for BnOH oxidation under visible light. XPS studies suggest that the visible light activity of the 75T/CL(25 : 75) nanocomposite is possibly related to the doping of nitrogen into titania from chitosan. However, according to UV-visible-DRS results, no direct evidence pertaining to the decrease in band-gap energy of titania was found upon coupling with the CL composite and the visible light activity was attributed to N-doping of titania. Overall, it was found that T/CL nanocomposites enhanced the photocatalytic performance of titania via improved light harvesting and higher selectivity through mediation of active radical species. Combining titania with chitosan–lignin composites results in an active and selective photocatalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde under green light (515 nm).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Khan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Michael Goepel
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Dariusz Łomot
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Dmytro Lisovytskiy
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | | | - Roger Gläser
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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23
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Natural lignocellulosic nanofibril film with excellent ultraviolet blocking performance and robust environment resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1578-1585. [PMID: 33181218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the current state of ozone layer depletion and potential risk of skin cancer, researches on sustainable cellulose-based films with ultraviolet (UV) blocking capabilities has attracted widespread attention. However, pure cellulose-based film required UV absorbent to be incorporated because of its poor UV blocking ability. In this work, natural lignocellulosic nanofibril (LCNF) film was fabricated by vacuum filtration and pressing process without any complex chemical modification or adding UV absorbers. The residual lignin retained in LCNF was found to act as natural macro-molecular UV absorber. LCNF film with lignin content of 4.89-15.68% exhibited excellent thermal stability, and their UVA and UVB blocking were in the range of 81.4-99.5% and 96.7-100%, respectively. Moreover, LCNF film exhibited stable UV shielding performance under high temperature, UV irradiation, acidic or alkaline conditions, providing LCNF film with a long-term use capacity. Overall, LCNF film is more environmentally friendly and harmless, which shows high potentials in anti-counterfeiting materials, UV protection, and windshields for vehicles.
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24
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Budnyak TM, Slabon A, Sipponen MH. Lignin-Inorganic Interfaces: Chemistry and Applications from Adsorbents to Catalysts and Energy Storage Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4344-4355. [PMID: 32096608 PMCID: PMC7540583 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is one the most fascinating natural polymers due to its complex aromatic-aliphatic structure. Phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups along with other functional groups provide technical lignins with reactivity and amphiphilic character. Many different lignins have been used as functional agents to facilitate the synthesis and stabilization of inorganic materials. Herein, the use of lignin in the synthesis and chemistry of inorganic materials in selected applications with relevance to sustainable energy and environmental fields is reviewed. In essence, the combination of lignin and inorganic materials creates an interface between soft and hard materials. In many cases it is either this interface or the external lignin surface that provides functionality to the hybrid and composite materials. This Minireview closes with an overview on future directions for this research field that bridges inorganic and lignin materials for a more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana M. Budnyak
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16CSE-106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16CSE-106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Mika H. Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16CSE-106 91StockholmSweden
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25
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Zhou Y, Qian Y, Wang J, Qiu X, Zeng H. Bioinspired Lignin-Polydopamine Nanocapsules with Strong Bioadhesion for Long-Acting and High-Performance Natural Sunscreens. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3231-3241. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
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26
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Zhang W, Zhao X, Zhu H, Ou W, Zhang Q. Influence factors of the matrix carrier on UV-protective properties of the UV-filters. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1614045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanping Zhang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Zhu
- Shanghai Ruxi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Ou
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianjie Zhang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Musial J, Krakowiak R, Mlynarczyk DT, Goslinski T, Stanisz BJ. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products-What Do We Know about Their Safety? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1110. [PMID: 32512703 PMCID: PMC7353154 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a material of diverse applications commonly used as a food additive or cosmetic ingredient. Its prevalence in products of everyday use, especially in nanosize, raises concerns about safety. Current findings on the safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) used as a food additive or a sunscreen compound are reviewed and systematized in this publication. Although some studies state that TiO2 NPs are not harmful to humans through ingestion or via dermal exposure, there is a considerable number of data that demonstrated their toxic effects in animal models. The final agreement on the safety of this nanomaterial has not yet been reached among researchers. There is also a lack of official, standardized guidelines for thorough characterization of TiO2 NPs in food and cosmetic products, provided by international authorities. Recent advances in the application of 'green-synthesized' TiO2 NPs, as well as comparative studies of the properties of 'biogenic' and 'traditional' nanoparticles, are presented. To conclude, perspectives and directions for further studies on the toxicity of TiO2 NPs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Musial
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Rafal Krakowiak
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Beata J. Stanisz
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
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28
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Lignin as a UV Light Blocker-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051134. [PMID: 32429134 PMCID: PMC7284897 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is the by-product of pulp and paper industries and bio-refining operations. It is available as the leading natural phenolic biopolymer in the market. It has chromophore functional groups and can absorb a broad spectrum of UV light in range of 250–400 nm. Using lignin as a natural ingredient in sunscreen cream, transparent film, paints, varnishes and microorganism protection has been actively investigated. Both in non-modified and modified forms, lignin provides enhancing UV protection of commercial products with less than a 10% blend with other material. In mixtures with other synthetic UV blockers, lignin indicated synergic effects and increased final UV blocking potential in compare with using only synthetic UV blocker or lignin. However, using lignin as a UV blocker is also challenging due to its complex structure, polydispersity in molecular weight, brownish color and some impurities that require more research in order to make it an ideal bio-based UV blocker.
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29
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Hao J, Yang Y. Unveiling the effect of solvent polarity on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism of new 3-hydroxy-4-pyridylisoquinoline compound. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 232:118082. [PMID: 32086041 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The new 3-hydroxy-4-pyridylisoquinoline compound is attractive and promising lead structure in drug discovery. The pronounced sensitivity of its emission property toward solvent polarity effect was presented in experiment (J. Org. Chem, 2019, 84, 3011). Nevertheless, the experiment was lack of solvent polarity effect on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism in detail. In this study, the ESIPT process of this molecule in different polarity solvents were comprehensively expounded by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) methods. In order to ensure the accuracy of the experiment and roundly explore in theoretical level, two ESIPT pathways (1 and 2) based on the N1 and N2 forms of studied molecule were proposed, among which the ESIPT pathway 1 was derived from experiment. The calculated electronic spectrum of both N1 and N2 forms were rather comparable with the experiment. The calculated intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) parameters and infrared (IR) vibration spectra determined the enhancement of IHBs at the S1 state under different solvents for both N1 and N2 forms. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) analysis proved that the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) taken place during photoexcitation. The potential energy curves (PECs) at the S0 and S1 states were constructed to illustrate the solvent polarity effect on ESIPT mechanism. According to potential energy barriers (PEBs) on the PECs at S1 state, it is concluded that the ESIPT pathway 1 was forbidden with exceedingly high PEBs (24.585-25.322 kcal/mol), while the ESIPT pathway 2 was feasible with enough low PEBs (0.100-0.510 kcal/mol), which suggested the inconsequence of the experiment. Based on the PEBs of ESIPT pathway 2 in different solvent, the effect of solvent polarity on ESIPT mechanism was depicted. The results are as follows: the S1 state IHB intensity was enhanced with increasing solvent polarity; the extent of ICT was decreased with the increment of solvent polarity; the S1 state PEB was decreased as the solvent polarity increased. Indeed in short, the ESIPT reaction became more and more likely as the solvent polarity enhanced. We believe that this investigation will be useful to the utilization and development of property for such photochemical substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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30
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Peng R, Pang Y, Qiu X, Qian Y, Zhou M. Synthesis of anti-photolysis lignin-based dispersant and its application in pesticide suspension concentrate. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13830-13837. [PMID: 35492971 PMCID: PMC9051638 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the formulation of pesticide Suspension Concentrate (SC), some photosensitive pesticides are easily decomposed in the preparation. In this study, a hindered amine modified lignosulfonate (SL-Temp) with anti-photolysis function was synthesized using 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (Temp) and Sodium Lignosulfonate (SL) to solve this problem. The obtained SL-Temp was used as a dispersant to prepare 5% SC of avermectin, which shows good physical stability. The decomposition rate of the avermectin in SC after accelerating hot storage is 0%, which is much lower than 6.1% when SL was used as the dispersant. After being exposed to UV irradiation for 60 hours, the highest retention rate of avermectin is 87.1% when SL-Temp was used as the dispersant, which is much higher than 73.6% when SL was used as the dispersant, and also higher than 76.3% when a small molecule antioxidant (BHT) was added to the formulation. QCM-D studies revealed that the SL-Temp adsorption layer on avermectin particles can compete to absorb partial ultraviolet rays, hinder the penetration of ultraviolet light, and scavenge the free radicals produced by photooxidation, so as to protect avermectin from degradation. Hindered amine grafted lignosulfonate was synthesized and used as functional dispersant in suspension concentrate of photosensitive pesticide avermectin.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifen Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Yuxia Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Mingsong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
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31
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Zhang Z, Chen K, Tang Q, Li H, Zou Z. Hydrogen‐bonding assembly of heteropolyacid and poly(vinyl alcohol) for strong, flexible, and transparent UV‐protective films. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto‐Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin 541006 China
| | - Kui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto‐Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin 541006 China
| | - Qun Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto‐Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin 541006 China
| | - Heping Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto‐Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin 541006 China
| | - Zhiming Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto‐Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin 541006 China
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32
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Zhang H, Liu X, Fu S, Chen Y. High-value utilization of kraft lignin: Color reduction and evaluation as sunscreen ingredient. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:86-92. [PMID: 30991068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dark color of lignin puts brakes on its development as sunscreen ingredient. In order to address this issue, the color of lignin was whitened by facile and economical approach via solvent fractionation and follow-up acetylation. After the two-step treatment, the color of lignin was highly lightened by 313.5% owing to the separation of dark-colored condensed structures and the blocking of free hydroxyls. The UV absorbability of the light-colored lignin was investigated, which indicated that the UV absorbance of the light-colored lignin are not as strong as commercial sunscreen actives under certain wavelengths, however it presented broad-spectrum absorbability and obvious synergistic effects with the commercial sunscreen actives. Based on that, lignin-based sunscreen was prepared by blending light-colored lignin with an SPF15 lotion, and the SPF of the as-prepared lignin sunscreen was boosted from 15.3 to 75.2 under a lignin addition amount of 8%. The as-prepared lignin sunscreen is stable enough under UV irradiation and exhibits outstanding color performance, which make it possible to satisfy the daily requirement of consumers. Briefly, an effective approach was demonstrated in this work to prepare light-colored lignin, which makes lignin a green alternative to replace synthetic sunscreen actives and imparts lignin potentials in cosmetics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuancai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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