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Valle-Garcia D, Pérez de la Cruz V, Flores I, Salazar A, Pineda B, Meza-Sosa KF. Use of microRNAs as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Tools for Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2464. [PMID: 38473710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and common type of cancer within the central nervous system (CNS). Despite the vast knowledge of its physiopathology and histology, its etiology at the molecular level has not been completely understood. Thus, attaining a cure has not been possible yet and it remains one of the deadliest types of cancer. Usually, GB is diagnosed when some symptoms have already been presented by the patient. This diagnosis is commonly based on a physical exam and imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), together with or followed by a surgical biopsy. As these diagnostic procedures are very invasive and often result only in the confirmation of GB presence, it is necessary to develop less invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools that lead to earlier treatment to increase GB patients' quality of life. Therefore, blood-based biomarkers (BBBs) represent excellent candidates in this context. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that have been demonstrated to be very stable in almost all body fluids, including saliva, serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CFS), semen, and breast milk. In addition, serum-circulating and exosome-contained miRNAs have been successfully used to better classify subtypes of cancer at the molecular level and make better choices regarding the best treatment for specific cases. Moreover, as miRNAs regulate multiple target genes and can also act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes, they are involved in the appearance, progression, and even chemoresistance of most tumors. Thus, in this review, we discuss how dysregulated miRNAs in GB can be used as early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers as well as molecular markers to subclassify GB cases and provide more personalized treatments, which may have a better response against GB. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, the current challenges to their clinical application, and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Valle-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Itamar Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Aleli Salazar
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Pineda
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
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2
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Dhayalan M, Wang W, Riyaz SUM, Dinesh RA, Shanmugam J, Irudayaraj SS, Stalin A, Giri J, Mallik S, Hu R. Advances in functional lipid nanoparticles: from drug delivery platforms to clinical applications. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:57. [PMID: 38298556 PMCID: PMC10825110 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Since Doxil's first clinical approval in 1995, lipid nanoparticles have garnered great interest and shown exceptional therapeutic efficacy. It is clear from the licensure of two RNA treatments and the mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination that lipid nanoparticles have immense potential for delivering nucleic acids. The review begins with a list of lipid nanoparticle types, such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. Then it moves on to the earliest lipid nanoparticle forms, outlining how lipid is used in a variety of industries and how it is used as a versatile nanocarrier platform. Lipid nanoparticles must then be functionally modified. Various approaches have been proposed for the synthesis of lipid nanoparticles, such as High-Pressure Homogenization (HPH), microemulsion methods, solvent-based emulsification techniques, solvent injection, phase reversal, and membrane contractors. High-pressure homogenization is the most commonly used method. All of the methods listed above follow four basic steps, as depicted in the flowchart below. Out of these four steps, the process of dispersing lipids in an aqueous medium to produce liposomes is the most unpredictable step. A short outline of the characterization of lipid nanoparticles follows discussions of applications for the trapping and transporting of various small molecules. It highlights the use of rapamycin-coated lipid nanoparticles in glioblastoma and how lipid nanoparticles function as a conjugator in the delivery of anticancer-targeting nucleic acids. High biocompatibility, ease of production, scalability, non-toxicity, and tailored distribution are just a meager of the enticing allowances of using lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. Due to the present constraints in drug delivery, more research is required to utterly realize the potential of lipid nanoparticles for possible clinical and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Dhayalan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Saveetha University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077 India
- College of Public Health Sciences (CPHS), Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Wei Wang
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - S. U. Mohammed Riyaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Saveetha University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077 India
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi, Tamil Nadu 635752 India
| | - Rakshi Anuja Dinesh
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Jayashree Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Saurav Mallik
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ruifeng Hu
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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3
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Kuo YC, Yen MH, De S, Rajesh R, Tai CK. Optimized lipopolymers with curcumin to enhance AZD5582 and GDC0152 activity and downregulate inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in glioblastoma multiforme. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213639. [PMID: 37793310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) propagation is a critical challenge in clinical practice because binding of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) to caspase prevents cancer cells from death. In this study, folic acid (FA), lactoferrin (Lf) and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) were grafted on lipopolymers (LPs) composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) and Compritol 888 ATO to encapsulate AZD5582 (AZD), GDC0152 (GDC) and curcumin (CURC). The standard deviations of initial particle diameter and particle diameter after storage for 30 days were involved in LP composition optimization. The functionalized LPs were used to permeate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and constrain IAP quantity in GBM cells. Experimental results revealed that an increase in Span 20 (emulsifier) concentration enlarged the size of LPs, and enhanced the entrapment and releasing efficiency of AZD, DGC and CURC. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that the hydrogen bonds between the LPs and drugs supported the sustained release of AZD, DGC and CURC from the LPs. The LPs modified with the three targeting biomolecules facilitated the penetration of AZD, GDC and CURC across the BBB, and could recognize U87MG cells and human brain cancer stem cells. Immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blot demonstrated that CURC-incorporated LPs enhanced AZD and GDC activity in suppressing cellular IAP 1 (cIAP1) and X-linked IAP (XIAP) levels, and raising caspase-3 level in GBM. Surface FA, Lf and RVG also promoted the ability of the drug-loaded LPs to avoid carcinoma growth. The current FA-, Lf- and RVG-crosslinked LPs carrying AZD, DGC and CURC can be promising in hindering IAP expressions for GBM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Meng-Hui Yen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sourav De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rajendiran Rajesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Kuo Tai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC
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4
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Zwitterionic polymers: addressing the barriers for drug delivery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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5
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Conklin B, Conley BM, Hou Y, Chen M, Lee KB. Advanced theragnostics for the central nervous system (CNS) and neurological disorders using functional inorganic nanomaterials. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114636. [PMID: 36481291 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various types of inorganic nanomaterials are capable of diagnostic biomarker detection and the therapeutic delivery of a disease or inflammatory modulating agent. Those multi-functional nanomaterials have been utilized to treat neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system (CNS) injuries in an effective and personalized manner. Even though many nanomaterials can deliver a payload and detect a biomarker of interest, only a few studies have yet to fully utilize this combined strategy to its full potential. Combining a nanomaterial's ability to facilitate targeted delivery, promote cellular proliferation and differentiation, and carry a large amount of material with various sensing approaches makes it possible to diagnose a patient selectively and sensitively while offering preventative measures or early disease-modifying strategies. By tuning the properties of an inorganic nanomaterial, the dimensionality, hydrophilicity, size, charge, shape, surface chemistry, and many other chemical and physical parameters, different types of cells in the central nervous system can be monitored, modulated, or further studies to elucidate underlying disease mechanisms. Scientists and clinicians have better understood the underlying processes of pathologies for many neurologically related diseases and injuries by implementing multi-dimensional 0D, 1D, and 2D theragnostic nanomaterials. The incorporation of nanomaterials has allowed scientists to better understand how to detect and treat these conditions at an early stage. To this end, having the multi-modal ability to both sense and treat ailments of the central nervous system can lead to favorable outcomes for patients suffering from such injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Conklin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123, Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Brian M Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123, Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Yannan Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123, Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Meizi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123, Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123, Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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6
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Parrasia S, Szabò I, Zoratti M, Biasutto L. Peptides as Pharmacological Carriers to the Brain: Promises, Shortcomings and Challenges. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3700-3729. [PMID: 36174227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are among the most difficult to treat, mainly because the vast majority of the drugs fail to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or to reach the brain at concentrations adequate to exert a pharmacological activity. The obstacle posed by the BBB has led to the in-depth study of strategies allowing the brain delivery of CNS-active drugs. Among the most promising strategies is the use of peptides addressed to the BBB. Peptides are versatile molecules that can be used to decorate nanoparticles or can be conjugated to drugs, with either a stable link or as pro-drugs. They have been used to deliver to the brain both small molecules and proteins, with applications in diverse therapeutic areas such as brain cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and imaging. Peptides can be generally classified as receptor-targeted, recognizing membrane proteins expressed by the BBB microvessels (e.g., Angiopep2, CDX, and iRGD), "cell-penetrating peptides" (CPPs; e.g. TAT47-57, SynB1/3, and Penetratin), undergoing transcytosis through unspecific mechanisms, or those exploiting a mixed approach. The advantages of peptides have been extensively pointed out, but so far few studies have focused on the potential negative aspects. Indeed, despite having a generally good safety profile, some peptide conjugates may display toxicological characteristics distinct from those of the peptide itself, causing for instance antigenicity, cardiovascular alterations or hemolysis. Other shortcomings are the often brief lifetime in vivo, caused by the presence of peptidases, the vulnerability to endosomal/lysosomal degradation, and the frequently still insufficient attainable increase of brain drug levels, which remain below the therapeutically useful concentrations. The aim of this review is to analyze not only the successful and promising aspects of the use of peptides in brain targeting but also the problems posed by this strategy for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Parrasia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
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7
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Sánchez-Navarro M, Giralt E. Peptide Shuttles for Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091874. [PMID: 36145622 PMCID: PMC9505527 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) limits the delivery of therapeutics to the brain but also represents the main gate for nutrient entrance. Targeting the natural transport mechanisms of the BBB offers an attractive route for brain drug delivery. Peptide shuttles are able to use these mechanisms to increase the transport of compounds that cannot cross the BBB unaided. As peptides are a group of biomolecules with unique physicochemical and structural properties, the field of peptide shuttles has substantially evolved in the last few years. In this review, we analyze the main classifications of BBB–peptide shuttles and the leading sources used to discover them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina ‘‘López Neyra” (CSIC), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.-N.); (E.G.)
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.-N.); (E.G.)
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8
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Hamdy NM, Shaker FH, Zhan X, Basalious EB. Tangled quest of post-COVID-19 infection-caused neuropathology and what 3P nano-bio-medicine can solve? EPMA J 2022; 13:261-284. [PMID: 35668839 PMCID: PMC9160520 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19-caused neurological problems are the important post-CoV-2 infection complications, which are recorded in ~ 40% of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Neurodegeneration (ND) is one of the most serious complications. It is necessary to understand its molecular mechanism(s), define research gaps to direct research to, hopefully, design new treatment modalities, for predictive diagnosis, patient stratification, targeted prevention, prognostic assessment, and personalized medical services for this type of complication. Individualized nano-bio-medicine combines nano-medicine (NM) with clinical and molecular biomarkers based on omics data to improve during- and post-illness management or post-infection prognosis, in addition to personalized dosage profiling and drug selection for maximum treatment efficacy, safety with least side-effects. This review will enumerate proteins, receptors, and enzymes involved in CoV-2 entrance into the central nervous system (CNS) via the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and list the repercussions after that entry, ranging from neuroinflammation to neurological symptoms disruption mechanism. Moreover, molecular mechanisms that mediate the host effect or viral detrimental effect on the host are discussed here, including autophagy, non-coding RNAs, inflammasome, and other molecular mechanisms of CoV-2 infection neuro-affection that are defined here as hallmarks of neuropathology related to COVID-19 infection. Thus, a couple of questions are raised; for example, “What are the hallmarks of neurodegeneration during COVID-19 infection?” and “Are epigenetics promising solution against post-COVID-19 neurodegeneration?” In addition, nano-formulas might be a better novel treatment for COVID-19 neurological complications, which raises one more question, “What are the challenges of nano-bio-based nanocarriers pre- or post-COVID-19 infection?” especially in the light of omics-based changes/challenges, research, and clinical practice in the framework of predictive preventive personalized medicine (PPPM / 3P medicine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Fatma H Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031 People's Republic of China
| | - Emad B Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al Kasr AlAiny, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
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9
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Borrajo ML, Alonso MJ. Using nanotechnology to deliver biomolecules from nose to brain - peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies and RNA. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:862-880. [PMID: 34731414 PMCID: PMC8888512 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing number of biomolecules, including peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies and RNA, that could be potentially used for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the realization of their potential is being hampered by the extraordinary difficulties these complex biomolecules have to reach the brain in therapeutically meaningful amounts. Nose-to-brain (N-to-B) delivery is now being investigated as a potential option for the direct transport of biomolecules from the nasal cavity to different brain areas. Here, we discuss how different technological approaches enhance this N-to-B transport, with emphasis on those that have shown a potential for clinical translation. We also analyse how the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers and their modification with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and targeting ligands affect their efficacy as N-to-B carriers for biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya L Borrajo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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10
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An J, Zhao L, Duan R, Sun K, Lu W, Yang J, Liang Y, Liu J, Zhang Z, Li L, Shi J. Potential nanotherapeutic strategies for perioperative stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:510-520. [PMID: 35243774 PMCID: PMC8928924 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Based on the complex pathological environment of perioperative stroke, the development of targeted therapeutic strategies is important to control the development of perioperative stroke. DISCUSSIONS Recently, great progress has been made in nanotechnology, and nanodrug delivery systems have been developed for the treatment of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION In this review, the pathological processes and mechanisms of ischemic stroke during perioperative stroke onset were systematically sorted. As a potential treatment strategy for perioperative stroke, the review also summarizes the multifunctional nanodelivery systems based on ischemic stroke, thus providing insight into the nanotherapeutic strategies for perioperative stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ranran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Nature-inspired dynamic gene-loaded nanoassemblies for the treatment of brain diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114029. [PMID: 34752841 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has great potential to treat brain diseases. However, genetic drugs need to overcome a cascade of barriers for their full potential. The conventional delivery systems often struggle to meet expectations. Natural biological particles that are highly optimized for specific functions in body, can inspire optimization of dynamic gene-loaded nanoassemblies (DGN). The DGN refer to gene loaded nanoassemblies whose functions and structures are changeable in response to the biological microenvironments or can dynamically interact with tissues or cells. The nature-inspired DGN can meet the needs in brain diseases treatment, including i) Non-elimination in blood (N), ii) Across the blood-brain barrier (A), iii) Targeting cells (T), iv) Efficient uptake (U), v) Controllable release (R), vi) Eyeable (E)-abbreviated as the "NATURE". In this Review, from nature to "NATURE", we mainly summarize the specific application of nature-inspired DGN in the "NATURE" cascade process. Furthermore, the Review provides an outlook for this field.
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12
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Ribovski L, Hamelmann NM, Paulusse JMJ. Polymeric Nanoparticles Properties and Brain Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2045. [PMID: 34959326 PMCID: PMC8705716 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Safe and reliable entry to the brain is essential for successful diagnosis and treatment of diseases, but it still poses major challenges. As a result, many therapeutic approaches to treating disorders associated with the central nervous system (CNS) still only show limited success. Nano-sized systems are being explored as drug carriers and show great improvements in the delivery of many therapeutics. The systemic delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) or nanocarriers (NCs) to the brain involves reaching the neurovascular unit (NVU), being transported across the blood-brain barrier, (BBB) and accumulating in the brain. Each of these steps can benefit from specifically controlled properties of NPs. Here, we discuss how brain delivery by NPs can benefit from careful design of the NP properties. Properties such as size, charge, shape, and ligand functionalization are commonly addressed in the literature; however, properties such as ligand density, linker length, avidity, protein corona, and stiffness are insufficiently discussed. This is unfortunate since they present great value against multiple barriers encountered by the NPs before reaching the brain, particularly the BBB. We further highlight important examples utilizing targeting ligands and how functionalization parameters, e.g., ligand density and ligand properties, can affect the success of the nano-based delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; (L.R.); (N.M.H.)
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13
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Wu X, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Insights into the Role of Graphene/Graphene‐hybrid Nanocomposites in Antiviral Therapy. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Wu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- University of Technology Brunei Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering BE1410 Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province 315100 Ningbo China
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China New Materials Institute 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering 315100 Ningbo China
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion Technologies 315100 Ningbo China
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14
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Ren M, Wang Y, Luo Y, Yao X, Yang Z, Zhang P, Zhao W, Jiang D. Functionalized Nanoparticles in Prevention and Targeted Therapy of Viral Diseases With Neurotropism Properties, Special Insight on COVID-19. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:767104. [PMID: 34867899 PMCID: PMC8634613 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.767104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotropic viruses have neural-invasive and neurovirulent properties to damage the central nervous system (CNS), leading to humans' fatal symptoms. Neurotropic viruses comprise a lot of viruses, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), rabies virus (RABV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Effective therapy is needed to prevent infection by these viruses in vivo and in vitro. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) usually prevents macromolecules from entering the CNS, which challenges the usage of the traditional probes, antiviral drugs, or neutralizing antibodies in the CNS. Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly reported in the targeted therapy of neurotropic viruses due to their sensitivity and targeting characteristics. Therefore, the present review outlines efficient functionalized NPs to further understand the recent trends, challenges, and prospects of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yin Wang
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Shinde DB, Pawar R, Vitore J, Kulkarni D, Musale S, Giram P. Natural and synthetic functional materials for broad spectrum applications in antimicrobials, antivirals and cosmetics. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dasharath B. Shinde
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS) Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Lavale Pune India
| | - Ranjitsinh Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Jyotsna Vitore
- Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad (An Institute of National Importance, Government of India) Gujarat India
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics Srinath College of Pharmacy Aurangabad Maharashtra India
| | - Shubham Musale
- Department of Pharmaceutics Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Pune India
| | - Prabhanjan Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutics Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Pune India
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16
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Heidarzadeh M, Gürsoy-Özdemir Y, Kaya M, Eslami Abriz A, Zarebkohan A, Rahbarghazi R, Sokullu E. Exosomal delivery of therapeutic modulators through the blood-brain barrier; promise and pitfalls. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:142. [PMID: 34294165 PMCID: PMC8296716 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, a large population around the world, especially the elderly, suffers from neurological inflammatory and degenerative disorders/diseases. Current drug delivery strategies are facing different challenges because of the presence of the BBB, which limits the transport of various substances and cells to brain parenchyma. Additionally, the low rate of successful cell transplantation to the brain injury sites leads to efforts to find alternative therapies. Stem cell byproducts such as exosomes are touted as natural nano-drug carriers with 50-100 nm in diameter. These nano-sized particles could harbor and transfer a plethora of therapeutic agents and biological cargos to the brain. These nanoparticles would offer a solution to maintain paracrine cell-to-cell communications under healthy and inflammatory conditions. The main question is that the existence of the intact BBB could limit exosomal trafficking. Does BBB possess some molecular mechanisms that facilitate the exosomal delivery compared to the circulating cell? Although preliminary studies have shown that exosomes could cross the BBB, the exact molecular mechanism(s) beyond this phenomenon remains unclear. In this review, we tried to compile some facts about exosome delivery through the BBB and propose some mechanisms that regulate exosomal cross in pathological and physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gürsoy-Özdemir
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.,Neurology Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kaya
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.,Physiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysan Eslami Abriz
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Biophysics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
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17
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Ternary Complexes of pDNA, Neuron-Binding Peptide, and PEGylated Polyethyleneimine for Brain Delivery with Nano-Bubbles and Ultrasound. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071003. [PMID: 34371694 PMCID: PMC8309135 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In brain-targeted delivery, the transport of drugs or genes across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle. Recent reports found that focused ultrasound (FUS) with microbubbles enables transient BBB opening and improvement of drug or gene delivery. We previously developed nano-sized bubbles (NBs), which were prepared based on polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified liposomes containing echo-contrast gas, and showed that our NBs with FUS could also induce BBB opening. The aim of this study was to enhance the efficiency of delivery of pDNA into neuronal cells following transportation across the BBB using neuron-binding peptides. This study used the RVG-R9 peptide, which is a chimeric peptide synthesized by peptides derived from rabies virus glycoprotein and nonamer arginine residues. The RVG peptide is known to interact specifically with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in neuronal cells. To enhance the stability of the RVG-R9/pDNA complex in vivo, PEGylated polyethyleneimine (PEG-PEI) was also used. The ternary complexes composed of RVG-R9, PEG-PEI, and pDNA could interact with mouse neuroblastoma cells and deliver pDNA into the cells. Furthermore, for the in vivo experiments using NBs and FUS, gene expression was observed in the FUS-exposed brain hemispheres. These results suggest that this systemic gene delivery system could be useful for gene delivery across the BBB.
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18
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Wells C, Brennan S, Keon M, Ooi L. The role of amyloid oligomers in neurodegenerative pathologies. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 181:582-604. [PMID: 33766600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases are rooted in the activities of amyloid-like proteins which possess conformations that spread to healthy proteins. These include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While their clinical manifestations vary, their protein-level mechanisms are remarkably similar. Aberrant monomeric proteins undergo conformational shifts, facilitating aggregation and formation of solid fibrils. However, there is growing evidence that intermediate oligomeric stages are key drivers of neuronal toxicity. Analysis of protein dynamics is complicated by the fact that nucleation and growth of amyloid-like proteins is not a linear pathway. Feedback within this pathway results in exponential acceleration of aggregation, but activities exerted by oligomers and fibrils can alter cellular interactions and the cellular environment as a whole. The resulting cascade of effects likely contributes to the late onset and accelerating progression of amyloid-like protein disorders and the widespread effects they have on the body. In this review we explore the amyloid-like proteins associated with AD, PD, HD and ALS, as well as the common mechanisms of amyloid-like protein nucleation and aggregation. From this, we identify core elements of pathological progression which have been targeted for therapies, and which may become future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Wells
- GenieUs Genomics, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Matt Keon
- GenieUs Genomics, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; GenieUs Genomics, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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19
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Hao R, Sun B, Yang L, Ma C, Li S. RVG29-modified microRNA-loaded nanoparticles improve ischemic brain injury by nasal delivery. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:772-781. [PMID: 32400219 PMCID: PMC7269067 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1760960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective nose-to-brain delivery needs to be developed to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Regulating miR-124 can effectively improve the symptoms of ischemic brain injury and provide a certain protective effect from brain damage after cerebral ischemia. We used rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) with ischemic brain injury, and we delivered RVG29-NPs-miR124 intranasally to treat neurological damage after cerebral ischemia. Rhoa and neurological scores in rats treated by intranasal administration of RVG29-PEG-PLGA/miRNA-124 were significantly lower than those in PEG-PLGA/miRNA-124 nasal administration and RVG29-PLGA/miRNA-124 nasal administration group treated rats. These results indicate that the nose-to-brain delivery of PLGA/miRNA-124 conjugated with PEG and RVG29 alleviated the symptoms of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Thus, nasal delivery of RVG29-PEG-PLGA/miRNA-124 could be a new method for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Hao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, ChangChun, Jilin, China
| | - Bixi Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, Jilin, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese medicine, ChangChun, Jilin, China
| | - Chun Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese medicine, ChangChun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuling Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese medicine, ChangChun, Jilin, China
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20
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Current Status and Challenges Associated with CNS-Targeted Gene Delivery across the BBB. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121216. [PMID: 33334049 PMCID: PMC7765480 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The era of the aging society has arrived, and this is accompanied by an increase in the absolute numbers of patients with neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Such neurological disorders are serious costly diseases that have a significant impact on society, both globally and socially. Gene therapy has great promise for the treatment of neurological disorders, but only a few gene therapy drugs are currently available. Delivery to the brain is the biggest hurdle in developing new drugs for the central nervous system (CNS) diseases and this is especially true in the case of gene delivery. Nanotechnologies such as viral and non-viral vectors allow efficient brain-targeted gene delivery systems to be created. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive review of the current status of the development of successful drug delivery to the CNS for the treatment of CNS-related disorders especially by gene therapy. We mainly address three aspects of this situation: (1) blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions; (2) adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, currently the most advanced gene delivery vector; (3) non-viral brain targeting by non-invasive methods.
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21
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Choi Y, Do JT, Park C, Hong K, Kim JH, Song H. Antiviral Potential of Nanoparticles-Can Nanoparticles Fight Against Coronaviruses? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1645. [PMID: 32825737 PMCID: PMC7557932 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases account for more than 20% of global mortality and viruses are responsible for about one-third of these deaths. Highly infectious viral diseases such as severe acute respiratory (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are emerging more frequently and their worldwide spread poses a serious threat to human health and the global economy. The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of 27 July 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 16 million people and led to the death of more than 652,434 individuals as on 27 July 2020 while also causing significant economic losses. To date, there are no vaccines or specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19. Hence, it is necessary to accelerate the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines to help mitigate this pandemic. Non-Conventional antiviral agents must also be considered and exploited. In this regard, nanoparticles can be used as antiviral agents for the treatment of various viral infections. The use of nanoparticles provides an interesting opportunity for the development of novel antiviral therapies with a low probability of developing drug resistance compared to conventional chemical-based antiviral therapies. In this review, we first discuss viral mechanisms of entry into host cells and then we detail the major and important types of nanomaterials that could be used as antiviral agents. These nanomaterials include silver, gold, quantum dots, organic nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers and polymers. Further, we consider antiviral mechanisms, the effects of nanoparticles on coronaviruses and therapeutic approaches of nanoparticles. Finally, we provide our perspective on the future of nanoparticles in the fight against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Center of Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
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22
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Coutinho MF, Santos JI, S. Mendonça L, Matos L, Prata MJ, S. Jurado A, Pedroso de Lima MC, Alves S. Lysosomal Storage Disease-Associated Neuropathy: Targeting Stable Nucleic Acid Lipid Particle (SNALP)-Formulated siRNAs to the Brain as a Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165732. [PMID: 32785133 PMCID: PMC7461213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
More than two thirds of Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSDs) present central nervous system involvement. Nevertheless, only one of the currently approved therapies has an impact on neuropathology. Therefore, alternative approaches are under development, either addressing the underlying enzymatic defect or its downstream consequences. Also under study is the possibility to block substrate accumulation upstream, by promoting a decrease of its synthesis. This concept is known as substrate reduction therapy and may be triggered by several molecules, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). siRNAs promote RNA interference, a naturally occurring sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene-silencing mechanism, and may target virtually any gene of interest, inhibiting its expression. Still, naked siRNAs have limited cellular uptake, low biological stability, and unfavorable pharmacokinetics. Thus, their translation into clinics requires proper delivery methods. One promising platform is a special class of liposomes called stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs), which are characterized by high cargo encapsulation efficiency and may be engineered to promote targeted delivery to specific receptors. Here, we review the concept of SNALPs, presenting a series of examples on their efficacy as siRNA nanodelivery systems. By doing so, we hope to unveil the therapeutic potential of these nanosystems for targeted brain delivery of siRNAs in LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francisca Coutinho
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA I.P), Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; (J.I.S.); (L.M.); (S.A.)
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-(223)-401-113
| | - Juliana Inês Santos
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA I.P), Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; (J.I.S.); (L.M.); (S.A.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Liliana S. Mendonça
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (L.S.M.); (M.C.P.d.L.)
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Matos
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA I.P), Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; (J.I.S.); (L.M.); (S.A.)
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Prata
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- i3S—Institute of Research and Innovation in Health/IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amália S. Jurado
- University of Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria C. Pedroso de Lima
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (L.S.M.); (M.C.P.d.L.)
| | - Sandra Alves
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA I.P), Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; (J.I.S.); (L.M.); (S.A.)
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
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23
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RVG29-Functionalized Lipid Nanoparticles for Quercetin Brain Delivery and Alzheimer's Disease. Pharm Res 2020; 37:139. [PMID: 32661727 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lipid nanoparticles (SLN and NLC) were functionalized with the RVG29 peptide in order to target the brain and increase the neuronal uptake through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These nanosystems were loaded with quercetin to take advantage of its neuroprotective properties mainly for Alzheimer's disease. METHODS The functionalization of nanoparticles with RVG29 peptide was confirmed by NMR and FTIR. Their morphology was assessed by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticles size, polydispersity and zeta potential were determined by dynamic light scattering. The in vitro validation tests were conducted in hCMEC/D3 cells, a human blood-brain barrier model and thioflavin T binding assay was conducted to assess the process of amyloid-beta peptide fibrillation typical of Alzheimer's disease. RESULTS RVG29-nanoparticles displayed spherical morphology and size below 250 nm, which is compatible with brain applications. Zeta potential values were between -20 and -25 mV. Quercetin entrapment efficiency was generally higher than 80% and NLC nanoparticles were able to encapsulate up to 90%. The LDH assay showed that there is no cytotoxicity in hCMEC/D3 cell line and RVG29-nanoparticles clearly increased in 1.5-fold the permeability across the in vitro model of blood-brain barrier after 4 h of incubation compared with non-functionalized nanoparticles. Finally, this nanosystem was capable of inhibiting amyloid-beta aggregation in thioflavin T binding assay, suggesting its great potential for neuroprotection. CONCLUSIONS RVG29-nanoparticles that simultaneously target the blood-brain barrier and induce neurons protection against amyloid-beta fibrillation proved to be an efficient way of quercetin delivery and a promising strategy for future approaches in Alzheimer's disease. Graphical Abstract.
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Chen L, Liang J. An overview of functional nanoparticles as novel emerging antiviral therapeutic agents. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 112:110924. [PMID: 32409074 PMCID: PMC7195146 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Research on highly effective antiviral drugs is essential for preventing the spread of infections and reducing losses. Recently, many functional nanoparticles have been shown to possess remarkable antiviral ability, such as quantum dots, gold and silver nanoparticles, nanoclusters, carbon dots, graphene oxide, silicon materials, polymers and dendrimers. Despite their difference in antiviral mechanism and inhibition efficacy, these functional nanoparticles-based structures have unique features as potential antiviral candidates. In this topical review, we highlight the antiviral efficacy and mechanism of these nanoparticles. Specifically, we introduce various methods for analyzing the viricidal activity of functional nanoparticles and the latest advances in antiviral functional nanoparticles. Furthermore, we systematically describe the advantages and disadvantages of these functional nanoparticles in viricidal applications. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of antiviral nanostructures. This topic review covers 132 papers and will enrich our knowledge about the antiviral efficacy and mechanism of various functional nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jiangong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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25
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Pereira-Silva M, Jarak I, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Santos AC, Veiga F, Figueiras A. Micelleplexes as nucleic acid delivery systems for cancer-targeted therapies. J Control Release 2020; 323:442-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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26
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Roy B, Yoshino Y, Allen L, Prall K, Schell G, Dwivedi Y. Exploiting Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2020; 24:279-298. [PMID: 32304043 PMCID: PMC7269874 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive peripheral biomarkers play a significant role in both disease diagnosis and progression. In the past few years, microRNA (miRNA) expression changes in circulating peripheral tissues have been found to be correlative with changes in neuronal tissues from patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This is a notable quality of a biomolecule to be considered as a biomarker for both prognosis and diagnosis of disease. miRNAs, members of the small non-coding RNA family, have recently gained significant attention due to their ability to epigenetically influence almost every aspect of brain functioning. Empirical evidence suggests that miRNA-associated changes in the brain are often translated into behavioral changes. Current clinical understanding further implicates their role in the management of major psychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ). This review aims to critically evaluate the potential advantages and disadvantages of miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in psychiatric disorders as well as in treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Roy
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lauren Allen
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Grant Schell
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Grafals-Ruiz N, Rios-Vicil CI, Lozada-Delgado EL, Quiñones-Díaz BI, Noriega-Rivera RA, Martínez-Zayas G, Santana-Rivera Y, Santiago-Sánchez GS, Valiyeva F, Vivas-Mejía PE. Brain Targeted Gold Liposomes Improve RNAi Delivery for Glioblastoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2809-2828. [PMID: 32368056 PMCID: PMC7185647 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s241055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal of the central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. The initiation, progression, and infiltration ability of GBMs are attributed in part to the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). Thus, targeting dysregulated miRNAs with RNA oligonucleotides (RNA interference, RNAi) has been proposed for GBM treatment. Despite promising results in the laboratory, RNA oligonucleotides have clinical limitations that include poor RNA stability and off-target effects. RNAi therapies against GBM confront an additional obstacle, as they need to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). METHODS Here, we developed gold-liposome nanoparticles conjugated with the brain targeting peptides apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG). First, we functionalized gold nanoparticles with oligonucleotide miRNA inhibitors (OMIs), creating spherical nucleic acids (SNAs). Next, we encapsulated SNAs into ApoE, or RVG-conjugated liposomes, to obtain SNA-Liposome-ApoE and SNA-Liposome-RVG, respectively. We characterized each nanoparticle in terms of their size, charge, encapsulation efficiency, and delivery efficiency into U87 GBM cells in vitro. Then, they were administered intravenously (iv) in GBM syngeneic mice to evaluate their delivery efficiency to brain tumor tissue. RESULTS SNA-Liposomes of about 30-50 nm in diameter internalized U87 GBM cells and inhibited the expression of miRNA-92b, an aberrantly overexpressed miRNA in GBM cell lines and GBM tumors. Conjugating SNA-Liposomes with ApoE or RVG peptides increased their systemic delivery to the brain tumors of GBM syngeneic mice. SNA-Liposome-ApoE demonstrated to accumulate at higher extension in brain tumor tissues, when compared with non-treated controls, SNA-Liposomes, or SNA-Liposome-RVG. DISCUSSION SNA-Liposome-ApoE has the potential to advance the translation of miRNA-based therapies for GBM as well as other CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmary Grafals-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Christian I Rios-Vicil
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Eunice L Lozada-Delgado
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Blanca I Quiñones-Díaz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Ricardo A Noriega-Rivera
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Gabriel Martínez-Zayas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Ginette S Santiago-Sánchez
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Fatma Valiyeva
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Pablo E Vivas-Mejía
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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28
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Bhardwaj P, Tripathi P, Gupta R, Pandey S. Niosomes: A review on niosomal research in the last decade. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Arcangeli C, Lico C, Baschieri S, Mancuso M. Characterization Of Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing And Tumor Homing Peptides By Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 14:10123-10136. [PMID: 31920308 PMCID: PMC6941700 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s225793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The new frontier of tumor diagnosis and treatment relies on the development of delivery strategies capable of allowing the specific targeting of the diagnostic agents/chemotherapeutics, avoiding side effects. In the case of brain tumors, achieving this goal is made more difficult by the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Peptides have been revealed as excellent candidates for both BBB crossing and specific cancer homing. Nanoparticles (NPs), functionalized with BBB crossing and tumor homing (TH) peptides, are emerging as smart theranostic systems. However, there is still poor knowledge concerning the molecular structure and dynamical properties of these peptides, essential requirements for a suitable functionalization of the delivery systems themselves. Methods In this work, by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we have extensively characterized the structural and dynamical behavior of several peptides, known to be endowed of BBB crossing and TH properties. Results The simulations point out that, on the basis of their conformational dynamics, the peptides can be classified in two main groups: 1) peptides assuming a specific structural conformation, a feature that could be important for interacting with the molecular target but that may limit their use as functionalizing molecules and 2) highly flexible peptides whose interaction with the target may be independent of a particular structural conformation and that may represent good candidates for the functionalization of theranostic NP-based platforms. Discussion Such findings may be useful for the de novo designing of NP-based delivery systems. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/wp8npbWb754
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Arcangeli
- Laboratory of Health and Environment, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Lico
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Selene Baschieri
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Mancuso
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA, Rome, Italy
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30
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Han H, Zhang Y, Jin S, Chen P, Liu S, Xie Z, Jing X, Wang Z. Paclitaxel-loaded dextran nanoparticles decorated with RVG29 peptide for targeted chemotherapy of glioma: anin vivostudy. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The RVG29–dextran–PTX nanoparticles can cross the BBB, reach the brain glioma, and thus improve PTX efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Han
- Department of Neurosurgery
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130033
- China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130033
- China
| | - Shunzi Jin
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Radiobiology
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130021
- China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130033
- China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Lab of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Lab of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xiabin Jing
- State Key Lab of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhanfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130033
- China
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31
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Kery R, Chen APF, Kirschen GW. Genetic targeting of astrocytes to combat neurodegenerative disease. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:199-211. [PMID: 31552885 PMCID: PMC6905329 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.265541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, glial cells that interact extensively with neurons and other support cells throughout the central nervous system, have recently come under the spotlight for their potential contribution to, or potential regenerative role in a host of neurodegenerative disorders. It is becoming increasingly clear that astrocytes, in concert with microglial cells, activate intrinsic immunological pathways in the setting of neurodegenerative injury, although the direct and indirect consequences of such activation are still largely unknown. We review the current literature on the astrocyte’s role in several neurodegenerative diseases, as well as highlighting recent advances in genetic manipulation of astrocytes that may prove critical to modulating their response to neurological injury, potentially combatting neurodegenerative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kery
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Stony Brook Medicine; Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Allen P F Chen
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Stony Brook Medicine; Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Gregory W Kirschen
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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32
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Lombardo SM, Schneider M, Türeli AE, Günday Türeli N. Key for crossing the BBB with nanoparticles: the rational design. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:866-883. [PMID: 32551212 PMCID: PMC7277618 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system diseases are a heavy burden on society and health care systems. Hence, the delivery of drugs to the brain has gained more and more interest. The brain is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a selective barrier formed by the endothelial cells of the cerebral microvessels, which at the same time acts as a bottleneck for drug delivery by preventing the vast majority of drugs to reach the brain. To overcome this obstacle, drugs can be loaded inside nanoparticles that can carry the drug through the BBB. However, not all particles are able to cross the BBB and a multitude of factors needs to be taken into account when developing a carrier system for this purpose. Depending on the chosen pathway to cross the BBB, nanoparticle material, size and surface properties such as functionalization and charge should be tailored to fit the specific route of BBB crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia M Lombardo
- MyBiotech GmbH; Industriestraße 1B, 66802 Überherrn, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Akif E Türeli
- MyBiotech GmbH; Industriestraße 1B, 66802 Überherrn, Germany
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Chen YX, Wei CX, Lyu YQ, Chen HZ, Jiang G, Gao XL. Biomimetic drug-delivery systems for the management of brain diseases. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:1073-1088. [PMID: 31728485 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01395d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acting as a double-edged sword, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for maintaining brain homeostasis by restricting the entry of small molecules and most macromolecules from blood. However, it also largely limits the brain delivery of most drugs. Even if a drug can penetrate the BBB, its accumulation in the intracerebral pathological regions is relatively low. Thus, an optimal drug-delivery system (DDS) for the management of brain diseases needs to display BBB permeability, lesion-targeting capability, and acceptable safety. Biomimetic DDSs, developed by directly utilizing or mimicking the biological structures and processes, provide promising approaches for overcoming the barriers to brain drug delivery. The present review summarizes the biological properties and biomedical applications of the biomimetic DDSs including the cell membrane-based DDS, lipoprotein-based DDS, exosome-based DDS, virus-based DDS, protein template-based DDS and peptide template-based DDS for the management of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Chen-Xuan Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Ying-Qi Lyu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China. and Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Ling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Lv C, Zhang TY, Lin Y, Tang M, Zhai CH, Xia HF, Wang J, Zhang ZL, Xie ZX, Chen G, Pang DW. Transformation of Viral Light Particles into Near-Infrared Fluorescence Quantum Dot-Labeled Active Tumor-Targeting Nanovectors for Drug Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7035-7042. [PMID: 31502461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized oncolytic viral light particles (L-particles), separated from progeny virions, are composed of envelopes and several tegument proteins of viruses, free of nucleocapsids. The noninfectious L-particles experience the same internalization process as mature oncolytic virions, which exhibits great potential to act as targeted therapeutic platforms. However, the clinical applications of L-particle-based theranostic platforms are rare due to the lack of effective methods to transform L-particles into nanovectors. Herein, a convenient and mild strategy has been developed to transform L-particles into near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence Ag2Se quantum dot (QD)-labeled active tumor-targeting nanovectors for real-time in situ imaging and drug delivery. Utilizing the electroporation technique, L-particles can be labeled with ultrasmall water-dispersible NIR fluorescence Ag2Se QDs with a labeling efficiency of ca. 85% and loaded with antitumor drug with a loading efficiency of ca. 87%. Meanwhile, by harnessing the infection mechanism of viruses, viral L-particles are able to recognize and enter tumor cells without further modification. In sum, a trackable and actively tumor-targeted theranostics nanovector can be obtained efficiently and simultaneously. Such multifunctional nanovectors transformed from viral L-particles have exhibited excellent properties of active tumor-targeting, in vivo tumor imaging, and antitumor efficacy, which opens a new window for the development of natural therapeutic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Man Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Hua Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hou-Fu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Xie
- College of Life Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
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Abdul Razzak R, Florence GJ, Gunn-Moore FJ. Approaches to CNS Drug Delivery with a Focus on Transporter-Mediated Transcytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3108. [PMID: 31242683 PMCID: PMC6627589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) conferred by brain barriers is a major obstacle in the development of effective neurotherapeutics. In this review, a classification of current approaches of clinical or investigational importance for the delivery of therapeutics to the CNS is presented. This classification includes the use of formulations administered systemically that can elicit transcytosis-mediated transport by interacting with transporters expressed by transvascular endothelial cells. Neurotherapeutics can also be delivered to the CNS by means of surgical intervention using specialized catheters or implantable reservoirs. Strategies for delivering drugs to the CNS have evolved tremendously during the last two decades, yet, some factors can affect the quality of data generated in preclinical investigation, which can hamper the extension of the applications of these strategies into clinically useful tools. Here, we disclose some of these factors and propose some solutions that may prove valuable at bridging the gap between preclinical findings and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abdul Razzak
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
- Biomedical Science Research Centre, Schools of Chemistry and Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
| | - Gordon J Florence
- Biomedical Science Research Centre, Schools of Chemistry and Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
| | - Frank J Gunn-Moore
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
- Biomedical Science Research Centre, Schools of Chemistry and Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
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36
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Khongkow M, Yata T, Boonrungsiman S, Ruktanonchai UR, Graham D, Namdee K. Surface modification of gold nanoparticles with neuron-targeted exosome for enhanced blood-brain barrier penetration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8278. [PMID: 31164665 PMCID: PMC6547645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively used as nanomaterials for theranostic applications due to their multifunctional characteristics in therapeutics, imaging, and surface modification. In this study, the unique functionalities of exosome-derived membranes were combined with synthetic AuNPs for targeted delivery to brain cells. Here, we report the surface modification of AuNPs with brain-targeted exosomes derived from genetically engineered mammalian cells by using the mechanical method or extrusion to create these novel nanomaterials. The unique targeting properties of the AuNPs after fabrication with the brain-targeted exosomes was demonstrated by their binding to brain cells under laminar flow conditions as well as their enhanced transport across the blood brain barrier. In a further demonstration of their ability to target brain cells, in vivo bioluminescence imaging revealed that targeted-exosome coated AuNPs accumulated in the mouse brain after intravenous injection. The surface modification of synthetic AuNPs with the brain-targeted exosome demonstrated in this work represents a highly novel and effective strategy to provide efficient brain targeting and shows promise for the future in using modified AuNPs to penetrate the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattaka Khongkow
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Teerapong Yata
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Uracha Rungsardthong Ruktanonchai
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Duncan Graham
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, G1 1RD, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Katawut Namdee
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
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Jafari B, Pourseif MM, Barar J, Rafi MA, Omidi Y. Peptide-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier for targeting brain tumors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:583-605. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1614911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Jafari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia,
Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Pourseif
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
| | - Mohammad A. Rafi
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia,
PA, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz,
Iran
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38
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Jiang Z, Guan J, Qian J, Zhan C. Peptide ligand-mediated targeted drug delivery of nanomedicines. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:461-471. [PMID: 30656305 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery is emerging as a promising strategy to achieve better clinical outcomes. Actively targeted drug delivery that utilizes overexpressed receptors or antigens on diseased tissues is receiving increasing scrutiny, especially due to the uncertainty of existence of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in cancer patients. Peptide ligands are advantageous over other classes of targeting ligands due to their accessibility of high-throughput screening, ease of synthesis, high specificity and affinity, etc. In this review, we briefly summarize the resources of peptide ligands and discuss the pitfalls and perspectives of peptide ligand-mediated targeted delivery of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
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Gharbavi M, Amani J, Kheiri-Manjili H, Danafar H, Sharafi A. Niosome: A Promising Nanocarrier for Natural Drug Delivery through Blood-Brain Barrier. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018; 2018:6847971. [PMID: 30651728 PMCID: PMC6311792 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6847971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Niosomes (the nonionic surfactant vesicles), considered as novel drug delivery systems, can improve the solubility and stability of natural pharmaceutical molecules. They are established to provide targeting and controlled release of natural pharmaceutical compounds. Many factors can influence on niosome construction such as the preparation method, type and amount of surfactant, drug entrapment, temperature of lipids hydration, and the packing factor. The present review discusses about the most important features of niosomes such as their diverse structures, the different preparation approaches, characterization techniques, factors that affect their stability, their use by various routes of administration, their therapeutic applications in comparison with natural drugs, and specially the brain targeting with niosomes-ligand conjugation. It also provides recent data about the various types of ligand agents which make available active targeting drug delivery to the central neuron system. This system has an optimistic upcoming in pharmaceutical uses, mostly with the improving availability of innovative schemes to overcome blood-brain barrier and targeting the niosomes to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Gharbavi
- School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Danafar
- School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Sharafi
- School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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40
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Mizrahy S, Gutkin A, Decuzzi P, Peer D. Targeting central nervous system pathologies with nanomedicines. J Drug Target 2018; 27:542-554. [PMID: 30296187 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1533556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in drug development is the delivery of therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS). The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which modulates the passage of molecules from the CNS, presents a formidable obstacle that limits brain uptake of therapeutics and, therefore, impedes the treatment of multiple neurological pathologies. Targeted nanocarriers present an excellent opportunity for drug delivery into the brain leveraging on endogenous receptors to transport therapeutics across the BBB endothelium. Receptor-mediated transport endows multiple benefits over other conventional delivery methods such as the transient permeabilization of the BBB or the direct depositioning of intracranial depots. Herein, different strategies for nanocarrier targeting to the CNS are discussed, highlighting the challenges and recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshy Mizrahy
- a Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology , George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,c Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,d Cancer Biology Research Center , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,e Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine , Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genoa , Italy
| | - Anna Gutkin
- a Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology , George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,c Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,d Cancer Biology Research Center , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- e Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine , Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genoa , Italy
| | - Dan Peer
- a Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology , George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,c Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,d Cancer Biology Research Center , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
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Longatti A, Schindler C, Collinson A, Jenkinson L, Matthews C, Fitzpatrick L, Blundy M, Minter R, Vaughan T, Shaw M, Tigue N. High affinity single-chain variable fragments are specific and versatile targeting motifs for extracellular vesicles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14230-14244. [PMID: 30010165 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03970d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate cell-to-cell communication by transferring biological cargo, such as DNA, RNA and proteins. Through genetic engineering of exosome-producing cells or manipulation of purified exosomes, it is possible to load exosomes with therapeutic molecules and target them to specific cells via the display of targeting moieties on their surface. This provides an opportunity to exploit a naturally-occurring biological process for therapeutic purposes. In this study, we explored the potential of single chain variable fragments (scFv) as targeting domains to achieve delivery of exosomes to cells expressing a cognate antigen. We generated exosomes targeting the Her2 receptor and, by varying the affinity of the scFvs and the Her2 expression level on recipient cells, we determined that both a high-affinity anti-Her2-scFv (KD≤ 1 nM) and cells expressing a high level (≥106 copies per cell) of Her2 were optimally required to enable selective uptake. We also demonstrate that targeting exosomes to cells via a specific cell surface receptor can alter their intracellular trafficking route, providing opportunities to influence the efficiency of delivery and fate of intracellular cargo. These experiments provide solid data to support the wider application of exosomes displaying antibody fragments as vehicles for the targeted delivery of therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Longatti
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Christina Schindler
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Andie Collinson
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Lesley Jenkinson
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Carl Matthews
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Laura Fitzpatrick
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Margaret Blundy
- Core Tissue Culture, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Ralph Minter
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Tristan Vaughan
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Michael Shaw
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Natalie Tigue
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
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Juriga D, Laszlo I, Ludanyi K, Klebovich I, Chae CH, Zrinyi M. Kinetics of dopamine release from poly(aspartamide)-based prodrugs. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:225-238. [PMID: 29940369 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of novel biocompatible and biodegradable polymer-based prodrugs that can be applied in complex drug delivery systems is one of the most researched fields in pharmaceutics. The kinetics of the drug release strongly depends on the physicochemical parameters of prodrugs as well as environmental properties, therefore precise kinetical description is crucial to design the appropriate polymer prodrug formula. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dopamine release from different poly(aspartamide) based dopamine drug conjugates in different environments and to work out a kinetic description which can be extended to describe drug release in similar systems. Poly(aspartamide) was conjugated with different amounts of dopamine. In order to alter the solubility of the conjugates, 2-aminoethanol was also grafted to the main chain. Chemical structure as well as physical properties such as solubility, lipophilicity measurements and thermogravimetric analysis has been carried out. Kinetics of dopamine release from the macromolecular prodrugs which has good water solubility has been studied and compared in different environments (phosphate buffer, Bromelain and α-Chymotrypsin). It was found that the kinetics of release in those solutions can be satisfactorily described by first order reaction rate. For poorly-soluble conjugates, the release of dopamine was considered as a result of coupling of diffusion and chemical reaction. Besides the time dependence of dopamine cleavage, a practical quantity, the half-life of the release of loading capacity has been introduced and evaluated. It was found, that dopamine containing macromolecular prodrugs exhibit prolonged release kinetics and the quantitative description of the kinetics, including the most important physical parameters provides a solid base for future pharmaceutical and medical studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Poly(aspartamide) based polymer-drug conjugates are promising for controlled and prolonged drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study different poly(aspartamide) based dopamine conjugates were synthesized which can protect dopamine from deactivation in the human body. Since there is no satisfying kinetics description for drug release from covalent polymer-drug conjugates in the literature, dopamine release was investigated in different environments and a complete kinetical description was worked out. This study demonstrates that poly(aspartamide) is able to protect conjugated dopamine from deactivation and provide prolonged release in alkaline pH as well as in the presence of different enzymes. Furthermore, detailed kinetical descriptions were demonstrated which can be used in case of other covalent polymer-drug conjugates.
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Ewonkem MB, Grinberg S. Maleimide-acetylcholine headed bolaamphiphilic vesicles made from ricinoleic acid: Prospective active targeted drug delivery systems. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 212:96-110. [PMID: 29408046 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on ricinoleic acid, two asymmetric bolaamphiphiles with unsymmetrical hydrophobic skeletons and two different hydrophilic head groups were designed and synthesized. The first bola compound had acetylcholine (ACh) and maleimide (MAL) head groups while the second was derived from the first bolaamphiphile by thiol-ene conjugation of its maleimide moiety with l-glutathione and possessed ACh and l-glutathione-MAL head groups. Both synthetic bolaamphiphiles were characterized by common spectroscopic methods. The asymmetric bola compound with ACh and MAL head groups was investigated for its ability to self-aggregate into nanoparticles and showed to form in aqueous media nano-sized vesicles that were stable, positively charged and had symmetrical monolayer membrane with antiparallel packing. These vesicles prepared with or without membrane stabilizers such as cholesterol (CHOL) and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHEMS) were able to encapsulate carboxyfluorescein (CF), a water soluble and self-quenching marker and particularly those without additives were more CF encapsulating. The synthesis of bolaamphiphile with ACh-l-glutathione-MAL head groups gives evidence that the bola with ACh and MAL head groups can be utilized as a precursor of a plethora of asymmetric bolas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique B Ewonkem
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel; Department of Chemistry, University of Douala, PO Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.
| | - Sarina Grinberg
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
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Fu C, Xiang Y, Li X, Fu A. Targeted transport of nanocarriers into brain for theranosis with rabies virus glycoprotein-derived peptide. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 87:155-166. [PMID: 29549945 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For successful theranosis of brain diseases, limited access of therapeutic molecules across blood-brain barrier (BBB) needs be overcome in brain delivery. Currently, peptide derivatives of rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) have been exploited as delivery ligands to transport nanocarriers across BBB and specifically into the brain. The targeting peptides usually conjugate to the nanocarrier surface, and the cargoes, including siRNA, miRNA, DNA, proteins and small molecular chemicals, are complexed or encapsulated in the nanocarriers. The peptide ligand of the RVG-modified nanocarriers introduces the conjugated targeted-delivery into the brain, and the cargoes are involved in disease theranosis. The peptide-modified nanocarriers have been applied to diagnose and treat various brain diseases, such as glioma, Alzheimer's disease, ischemic injury, protein misfolding diseases etc. Since the targeting delivery system has displayed good biocompatibility and desirable therapeutic effect, it will raise a potential application in treating brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yonggang Xiang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ailing Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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